TY - JOUR T1 - Process-based forest productivity models and their application in forest management AN - 16300374; 4231190 AB - Few process-based forest productivity models have become incorporated into forest management systems. The prevalent perception is that process-based models are suited only for research applications and that management questions will be solved only by using descriptive empirical models. This is despite the fact that the latter can neither deal satisfactorily with changing environmental and management conditions nor answer all questions currently asked by managers. This paper develops the proposition that the end-use specifies the design and scale of forest simulation models, and that given the range of questions now asked in forest management a range of models is required. The spatial and temporal resolution, and the input and output data required to address typical forest management questions is examined. A survey of recent literature examines in which areas, and by whom, existing forest productivity models are being applied. It is concluded that many current management questions can be adequately answered using models in which a phenomenological approach is applied to predict annual forest growth at the stand-scale. Lumped-parameter process-based models and hybrid models provide the most immediate means through which our understanding of the biological processes underlying forest growth can be included in forest management systems. However, more detailed process-based models can play an important role in validating simpler models, in the development of generalizations applicable over long time scales and for testing hypotheses about the way trees function and respond to interacting stresses. Guidelines are also given on model structures appropriate for different classes of management questions. JF - Forest Ecology and Management AU - Battaglia, M AU - Sands, P J AD - Cooperative Research Centre for Temperate Hardwood Forestry and CSIRO Division of Forestry and Forest Products, G.P.O. Box 252-12, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia Y1 - 1998/03/03/ PY - 1998 DA - 1998 Mar 03 SP - 13 EP - 32 PB - Elsevier Science B.V. VL - 102 IS - 1 SN - 0378-1127, 0378-1127 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16300374?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forest+Ecology+and+Management&rft.atitle=Process-based+forest+productivity+models+and+their+application+in+forest+management&rft.au=Battaglia%2C+M%3BSands%2C+P+J&rft.aulast=Battaglia&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1998-03-03&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Forest+Ecology+and+Management&rft.issn=03781127&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Improving Mathematics in Middle School: Lessons from TIMSS and Related Research. AN - 62560617; ED417956 AB - Results from the Third International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMMS) have recently captured the attention of the United States and once again focused the nation on matters of mathematics teaching and learning. In general, the TIMSS results indicate a pervasive and intolerable mediocrity in mathematics teaching and learning in the middle grades and beyond. At Grades 7 and 8 and also at Grade 12, U.S. students achieve poorly in mathematics compared to students in much of the rest of the world. Even the 12th-grade students who take advanced mathematics courses performed substantially below students in most other nations. The results also suggest that the demands made by the U.S. school mathematics curriculum and mathematics classroom instruction are not as challenging as in other countries. This document reports the major findings from TIMMS and makes some recommendations for enhancing mathematics teaching and learning in the middle grades. Contains 40 references. (ASK) AU - Silver, Edward A. Y1 - 1998/03// PY - 1998 DA - March 1998 SP - 29 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. VL - ORAD-98-1107 KW - Third International Mathematics and Science Study KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Instructional Improvement KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Educational Change KW - Mathematics Curriculum KW - Mathematics Achievement KW - Equal Education KW - Middle Schools KW - Teaching Methods KW - Secondary Education UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62560617?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Public Elementary and Secondary Education Statistics: School Year 1997-98. Early Estimates. AN - 62559848; ED418991 AB - The early estimates system from which this report is gathered is designed to allow the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) to publish key statistics before the end of the school year in which they are reported. The information is collected through contact with public school state education agencies. Public school estimates consist of: preliminary actual counts for individual states; estimates derived by the states for the NCES; and estimated values developed by the NCES from state-specific and national data. These estimates indicate that there were approximately 46.1 million students in U.S. public elementary and secondary schools in fall 1997, compared with 45.2 million in fall 1996. These students were taught by an estimated 2.7 million teachers. Student membership and teacher count data yield pupil-to-teacher ratios for grade levels prekindergarten through grade 12 of 16.9 for public schools in the 1997-98 school year. An estimated 2.4 million students graduated from high school in the 1996-97 school year. Revenues for public elementary and secondary education in fiscal year 1997 are estimated to be $297.2 billion, and they are expected to rise to approximately $309.7 billion in fiscal year 1998. The per-pupil expenditure for public education is estimated to be $6,131 per student in membership for the 1997-98 school year. A technical notes section discusses the methods by which estimates were made and their accuracy. (Contains seven tables.) (SLD) AU - McDowell, Lena M. Y1 - 1998/03// PY - 1998 DA - March 1998 SP - 20 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160494877 KW - Early Estimates KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Expenditures KW - Public Schools KW - Estimation (Mathematics) KW - Teacher Student Ratio KW - Educational Finance KW - Enrollment KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Teachers KW - Tables (Data) KW - School Statistics KW - Income UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62559848?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Fall Staff in Postsecondary Institutions, 1995. E.D. Tabs. AN - 62556789; ED417632 AB - This report presents national survey data on approximately 2.8 million staff employed at 8,598 postsecondary institutions in fall 1995 from Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System. The information is presented in tables, with some narrative. Survey findings are summarized in three chapters: an overview of postsecondary education staff, including data on all institutions and on the subset of 3,716 institutions classified as higher education institutions (IHEs); faculty growth, racial/ethnic and gender distribution, tenure, rank, and salaries in IHEs; and newly hired staff in IHEs. Where possible, comparisons are made with earlier data. Appended materials include detailed statistical tabulations for all institutions and for IHEs, technical notes on study methodology, a glossary of major terms and classification categories used in the survey and report, additional related tables, and a copy of the survey questionnaire. (MSE) AU - Roey, Stephen AU - Rak, Rebecca Y1 - 1998/03// PY - 1998 DA - March 1998 SP - 221 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Mail Stop SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160494699 KW - Full Time Employment KW - Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Tenure KW - Postsecondary Education KW - Salaries KW - Research Methodology KW - Educational Trends KW - Higher Education KW - National Surveys KW - Comparative Analysis KW - Minority Groups KW - Racial Distribution KW - Salary Wage Differentials KW - Employment Patterns KW - Academic Rank (Professional) KW - Trend Analysis KW - Professional Personnel KW - Questionnaires KW - Nonprofessional Personnel KW - Teacher Characteristics KW - Part Time Employment KW - College Faculty KW - Databases KW - Teacher Student Ratio KW - Personnel Data KW - School Personnel KW - Tables (Data) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62556789?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For 1993 survey, see ED 398 826. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Gender Differences in Earnings among Young Adults Entering the Labor Market. Postsecondary Education Descriptive Analysis Reports. Statistical Analysis Report. AN - 62545588; ED417308 AB - The source of data for analysis of earning differences between men and women was the High School and Beyond (HS&B) study that tracked the 1980 sophomore class from high school to postsecondary education and the labor market. Analyses indicated that in 1992, 10 years after most of the students who were the subjects in the study graduated from high school, women were less likely than men to work consistently after they left school--one-third compared to 46 percent. Men with no more than a high school diploma or General Educational Development certificate earned $25,601, whereas women earned $19,333 in the last full year after highest degree attainment. Men who earned certificates or associate's degrees earned $22,410 in the first year of work; women earned $19,446. In the last year of work, the men earned $26,969; women earned $21,868. Female workers with Bachelor's degrees earned $22,602 the year after graduation compared to $26,778 earned by men. By the last year of work, men were earning $34,104 compared to $27,259 for women. The gender dominance of the major field of study for students who earned any postsecondary degree or certificate was related to their earnings. Workers who graduated in female-dominated fields started work earning $20,855; those in male-dominated fields earned $26,170. By their last full year of employment studied, workers in female dominated field earned $24,307 compared to those in male dominated fields who earned $31,292. Men who graduated with Bachelor's degrees in gender-neutral fields earned more than women in the same fields. (Appendixes contain a glossary, technical notes, and a 24-item bibliography.) (YLB) AU - Clery, Suzanne B. AU - Lee, John B. AU - Knapp, Laura G. Y1 - 1998/03// PY - 1998 DA - March 1998 SP - 85 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. VL - NCES-98-086 KW - High School and Beyond (NCES) KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Postsecondary Education KW - High School Graduates KW - Salaries KW - Educational Attainment KW - Student Certification KW - Secondary Education KW - High School Equivalency Programs KW - Employment Experience KW - Sex Differences KW - Salary Wage Differentials KW - Nontraditional Occupations KW - Employed Women UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62545588?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Selected Papers in School Finance, 1996. AN - 62531299; ED417494 AB - The National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) surveys the changing landscape in education finance by commissioning papers from members of the school finance research community. Papers that address the questions of the current and future financial condition for school districts are presented here. The papers, which are intended to promote the exchange of ideas among researchers and policymakers, take two separate tacks. One set explores the present financial condition of school districts, focusing on how a retiring work force may influence the finances of school districts, how school districts respond to fiscal exigencies, and the efficacy of urban school districts. The other papers propose an imaginative new way of funding education, at the school level, and simulates the results for Texas, offering a summary of issues and problems related to school-based funding approaches. The recurrent theme revolves around the proposition that state aid should be distributed to schools rather than to school districts. Some of the specific topics addressed here include the dynamics of teacher salary expense, how school districts respond to fiscal constraint, the condition of urban school finance, reinventing education finance, and exploring alternatives for school-based funding. (RJM) AU - Fowler, William J. Y1 - 1998/03// PY - 1998 DA - March 1998 SP - 129 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160494540 KW - Texas KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Educational Equity (Finance) KW - Budgeting KW - Finance Reform KW - Expenditure per Student KW - Educational Finance KW - School District Spending KW - School Effectiveness KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Urban Schools KW - School Funds KW - Educational Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62531299?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Private School Universe Survey, 1995-96. Statistical Analysis Report. AN - 62530854; ED417493 AB - In fall 1995, the United States had 27,686 private elementary and secondary schools. Data on these private schools, organized by school size, school level, religious orientation, geographical region, community type, and program emphasis are presented in this report. The information was collected from the Private School Survey, which was designed to collect data from all private schools in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. The tables contained in the report classify data using three classificatory schemes: private school typology, religious and non-sectarian categories, and association membership. Results show that of the three primary types of private schools--Catholic, other religious, and non-sectarian--other religious schools were the most numerous (47 percent), followed by Catholic schools (30 percent) and non-sectarian schools (23 percent). However, of the approximately 5 million students enrolled in the nation's private schools, Catholic schools had more students (50 percent) than other types of private schools. Regions with the most private schools were the Midwest (27 percent) and South (29 percent). The region with the fewest private schools was the West (21 percent). Eighty percent of the schools emphasized a regular elementary/secondary program. Numerous charts and tables provide additional statistics. (RJM) AU - Broughman, Stephen P. AU - Colaciello, Lenore A. Y1 - 1998/03// PY - 1998 DA - March 1998 SP - 89 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160494990 KW - Private School Survey (NCES) KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Catholic Schools KW - Parochial Schools KW - National Surveys KW - Children KW - Religious Education KW - Proprietary Schools KW - Statistical Analysis KW - Enrollment KW - Data Collection KW - Tables (Data) KW - Private Schools KW - Private Education KW - Adolescents KW - Educational Philosophy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62530854?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Violence and Discipline Problems in U.S. Public Schools: 1996-97. AN - 62530254; ED417257 AB - Under a Congressional mandate, the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) is required to collect data on the frequency, seriousness, and incidence of violence in elementary and secondary schools. The NCES responded to this requirement by commissioning a survey, the Principal/School Disciplinarian Survey on School Violence, the results of which are detailed in this report. The school violence survey was conducted with a nationally representative sample of 1,234 regular public elementary, middle, and secondary schools in the 50 states and the District of Columbia in the spring and summer of 1997. The survey requested information on: (1) the incidence of crime and violence in the public schools; (2) principals' (or school disciplinarians') perceptions about discipline issues; (3) types of disciplinary actions schools took; and (4) security and violence prevention measures in the schools. More than half of U.S. public schools reported experiencing at least one crime incident in the school year 1996-97, and 1 in 10 schools reported at least one serious violent crime during the school year. Crime and violence were more of a problem in middle and high schools than in elementary schools. Middle and high schools were more likely to report that they had experienced one or more incidents of any crime and one or more incidents of serious violent crime than elementary schools. Most public schools reported having zero tolerance policies towards serious student offenses, and most schools reported that they used low levels of security measures to prevent violence. Most schools reported having formal school violence prevention programs. An appendix contains the survey questionnaire. (Contains 12 figures, 32 tables.) (SLD) AU - Heaviside, Sheila AU - Rowand, Cassandra AU - Williams, Catrina AU - Farris, Elizabeth Y1 - 1998/03// PY - 1998 DA - March 1998 SP - 145 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. VL - NCES-98-030 KW - Fast Response Survey System KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Crime KW - Principals KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - School Safety KW - National Surveys KW - Violence KW - Zero Tolerance Policy KW - Public Schools KW - Federal Legislation KW - Discipline Problems KW - Incidence KW - Administrator Attitudes KW - Tables (Data) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62530254?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - MARC and the year 2000 AN - 59947614; 1999-0412690 AB - Indicates data elements in the MARC, or machine-readable cataloging formats that contain dates that could be affected by the century change in the year 2000: formats for bibliographic data (BD), authority data (AD), classification data (CD), community information (CI), and holdings data (HD). JF - United States Library of Congress, March 1998. Y1 - 1998/03// PY - 1998 DA - March 1998 PB - United States Library of Congress KW - Cataloging -- Information processing systems KW - Year 2000 computer date conversion KW - Information processing systems -- Quality control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59947614?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-03-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=MARC+and+the+year+2000&rft.title=MARC+and+the+year+2000&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://lcweb.loc.gov/marc/yr2000.html LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - U S Lib Cong N1 - Document feature - link(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Digital developments in the Geography and Map Division, Library of Congress AN - 51023833; 1999-029230 JF - Information Bulletin - Western Association of Map Libraries AU - Fitzpatrick, Gary Y1 - 1998/03// PY - 1998 DA - March 1998 SP - 61 EP - 66 PB - Western Association of Map Libraries, [Sacramento, CA] VL - 29 IS - 2 SN - 0049-7282, 0049-7282 KW - libraries KW - imagery KW - spatial data KW - cartography KW - data processing KW - mapping KW - Geography and Map Division KW - cost KW - computer programs KW - geographic information systems KW - digital cartography KW - Library of Congress KW - information systems KW - collections KW - 14:Geologic maps UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51023833?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Information+Bulletin+-+Western+Association+of+Map+Libraries&rft.atitle=Digital+developments+in+the+Geography+and+Map+Division%2C+Library+of+Congress&rft.au=Fitzpatrick%2C+Gary&rft.aulast=Fitzpatrick&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft.date=1998-03-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=61&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Information+Bulletin+-+Western+Association+of+Map+Libraries&rft.issn=00497282&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CA] N1 - SuppNotes - Excerpts from a presentation given at the fall 1996 WAML meeting in Seattle, WA N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cartography; collections; computer programs; cost; data processing; digital cartography; geographic information systems; Geography and Map Division; imagery; information systems; libraries; Library of Congress; mapping; spatial data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Verification of Australian monthly district rainfall totals using high resolution gridded analyses AN - 17387584; 4598396 AB - The use of district rainfall totals for the description of Australian rainfall on monthly and longer time-scales has been investigated using a gridded rainfall dataset generated using an objective analysis technique. It has been verified that the operational district totals, generated within the Bureau of Meteorology for rainfall monitoring and prediction purposes, provide a reasonable indication of rainfall on the whole, both in the mean and in individual months. Some deficiencies have been found in the district totals in certain parts of the country, most notably in the subtropical parts of Western Australia, southern half of the Northern Territory, tropical Queensland, and western Tasmania. In each of these areas districts encompass geographical regions with large spatial variation in rainfall, and the distribution of stations available for the calculation of district average rainfall is not sufficient. The appropriateness of the district boundaries and the variability of rainfall within districts is also investigated. JF - Australian Meteorological Magazine AU - Jones, DA AU - Beard, G AD - Bureau of Meteorology Research Centre, GPO Box 1289K, Melbourne, Vic. 3001, Australia Y1 - 1998/03// PY - 1998 DA - Mar 1998 SP - 41 EP - 54 VL - 47 IS - 1 SN - 0004-9743, 0004-9743 KW - Australia, Northern Terr., Queensland KW - Australia, Tasmania KW - Australia, Western Australia KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Prediction KW - Meteorological Data Collection KW - Variability KW - Rainfall KW - Spatial Distribution KW - Monitoring KW - Monthly Distribution KW - SW 0815:Precipitation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17387584?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+Meteorological+Magazine&rft.atitle=Verification+of+Australian+monthly+district+rainfall+totals+using+high+resolution+gridded+analyses&rft.au=Jones%2C+DA%3BBeard%2C+G&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=DA&rft.date=1998-03-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=41&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australian+Meteorological+Magazine&rft.issn=00049743&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Monthly Distribution; Rainfall; Monitoring; Prediction; Spatial Distribution; Variability; Meteorological Data Collection ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reconnaissance limnology of Tasmania IV. The distribution and ecological preferences of Tasmanian species of freshwater calanoid copepods (Crustacea: Centropagidae) AN - 16552763; 4366267 AB - The species of calanoid copepods occurring in 323 lakes chosen to cover all of the broad spectrum of limnological conditions experienced in Tasmania has been determined. Some species are distinctly segregated into two assemblages across the abrupt limnological divide that sets apart eastern and western montane limnological provinces. These species show distinct limnological preferences aligned with the dichotomy in limnological conditions. Some of these species occur also in the third limnological province of coastal lagoons, preserving their preferences. Distribution patterns in these three provinces are essentially natural and, in montane regions, a post-glacial event. In settled regions of the state, ubiquitous, opportunistic species have spread as agricultural ponds have been created, and even into the highland regions in the wake of development for hydro-electricity. A few species have restricted, disjunct distributions, such as in the few Tasmanian salt lakes where species characteristic of such habitats on mainland Australia occur. Two species (Boeckella propinqua longisetosa and Boeckella rubra) are Tasmanian endemics. Another (Boeckella nyoraensis) is now known only from the island. JF - Archiv fuer Hydrobiologie AU - Walsh, RGJ AU - Tyler, P A AD - Department of Zoology, University of Tasmania, Box 252C GPO Hobart, Tasmania 7006, Australia Y1 - 1998/03// PY - 1998 DA - Mar 1998 SP - 403 EP - 420 VL - 141 IS - 4 SN - 0003-9136, 0003-9136 KW - Australia, Tasmania KW - Copepods KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Spatial distribution KW - Biogeography KW - Hydroelectric power KW - Limnology KW - Lagoons KW - Mountains KW - Ecology KW - Lakes KW - Copepoda KW - Saline lakes KW - SW 0850:Lakes KW - D 04665:Crustaceans UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16552763?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archiv+fuer+Hydrobiologie&rft.atitle=Reconnaissance+limnology+of+Tasmania+IV.+The+distribution+and+ecological+preferences+of+Tasmanian+species+of+freshwater+calanoid+copepods+%28Crustacea%3A+Centropagidae%29&rft.au=Walsh%2C+RGJ%3BTyler%2C+P+A&rft.aulast=Walsh&rft.aufirst=RGJ&rft.date=1998-03-01&rft.volume=141&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=403&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archiv+fuer+Hydrobiologie&rft.issn=00039136&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ecology; Mountains; Lakes; Spatial distribution; Biogeography; Hydroelectric power; Limnology; Lagoons; Copepods; Saline lakes; Copepoda ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Purulent pericarditis with associated cardiac tamponade caused by a Streptococcus pneumoniae strain highly resistant to penicillin, cefotaxime, and ceftriaxone AN - 16490441; 4367630 AB - Purulent pericarditis due to Streptococcus pneumoniae is a serious complication of pneumonia. Although the number of cases has decreased significantly since the introduction of penicillin, pneumococcus remains one of the most frequently isolated bacteria. JF - Clinical Infectious Diseases AU - Saenz, R E AU - Sanders, C V AU - Aldridge, KE AU - Patel, M M AD - School of Medicine in New Orleans, Louisiana State University, University Medical Center, 2390 West Congress Street, P.O. Box 4016-C, Lafayette, LA 70506, USA Y1 - 1998/03// PY - 1998 DA - Mar 1998 SP - 762 EP - 763 VL - 26 IS - 3 SN - 1058-4838, 1058-4838 KW - man KW - perulent pericarditis KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - J 02855:Human Bacteriology: Others UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16490441?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clinical+Infectious+Diseases&rft.atitle=Purulent+pericarditis+with+associated+cardiac+tamponade+caused+by+a+Streptococcus+pneumoniae+strain+highly+resistant+to+penicillin%2C+cefotaxime%2C+and+ceftriaxone&rft.au=Saenz%2C+R+E%3BSanders%2C+C+V%3BAldridge%2C+KE%3BPatel%2C+M+M&rft.aulast=Saenz&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1998-03-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=762&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clinical+Infectious+Diseases&rft.issn=10584838&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acinetobacter bacteraemia in patients with diarrhoeal disease AN - 16469686; 4347187 AB - In 1994, 171 (27%) of all positive blood cultures in our hospital were due to Acinetobacter species. Of these, 138 cultures were considered significant, 91 (66%) were community-acquired and 47 (34%) were nosocomial. Most acinetobacter bacteraemia in children less than or equal to 1 year old was community-acquired, while nosocomial infection was more common in children > 1 year old (P = 0.01). Most children less than or equal to 5 years old were severely malnourished. The incidence of bacteraemia was lowest during the post-monsoon to early winter months. Acinetobacter bacteraemia associated mortality was twice (16%) that of all other patients (7.7%, P < 0.0005) and accounted for 4.5% of all hospital deaths during the study period. Bacteraemia caused by Acinetobacter species is an important cause of morbidity and mortality among our patient population with diarrhoeal disease. JF - Epidemiology and Infection AU - Hossain, MI AU - Kabir, AKMI AU - Khan, WA AU - Fuchs, G J AD - Clinical Sciences Division, ICDDR, B, GPO Box No. 128, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh Y1 - 1998/03// PY - 1998 DA - Mar 1998 SP - 139 EP - 142 VL - 120 IS - 2 SN - 0950-0268, 0950-0268 KW - man KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - J 02846:Gastrointestinal tract UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16469686?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Epidemiology+and+Infection&rft.atitle=Acinetobacter+bacteraemia+in+patients+with+diarrhoeal+disease&rft.au=Hossain%2C+MI%3BKabir%2C+AKMI%3BKhan%2C+WA%3BFuchs%2C+G+J&rft.aulast=Hossain&rft.aufirst=MI&rft.date=1998-03-01&rft.volume=120&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=139&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Epidemiology+and+Infection&rft.issn=09500268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of microscopy in the investigation of paramyosin as a vaccine candidate against Schistosoma japonicum AN - 16429961; 4332635 AB - There has been growing interest in paramyosin as a vaccine component to combat schistosomiasis. Immunological and molecular techniques have been used in the past to investigate the effectiveness of a paramyosin vaccine as an anti-schistosomal treatment. However, recent localization studies at ultrastructural and morphological levels have highlighted a number of questions concerning the role of paramyosin within schistosome parasites. Debates about how a non-surface protein such as paramyosin might provide protection against schistosome infections have recently been addressed by microscopy results. Immunolocalization studies have indicated multiple functions of paramyosin within the parasite and provided insights into how a vaccine may target the parasite, as discussed here by Geoffrey Gobert. JF - Parasitology Today AU - Gobert, G N AD - Analytical Electron Microscopy Facility, Queensland Univ. Technol., GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, Qld. 4001, Australia Y1 - 1998/03// PY - 1998 DA - Mar 1998 SP - 115 EP - 118 VL - 14 IS - 3 SN - 0169-4758, 0169-4758 KW - Schistosoma japonicum KW - microscopy KW - paromyosin KW - reviews KW - schistosomiasis KW - vaccines KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Immunology Abstracts KW - Human diseases KW - Immunology KW - Freshwater KW - Public health KW - Literature reviews KW - Microscopy KW - Parasitic diseases KW - Vaccines KW - F 06807:Active immunization KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16429961?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Parasitology+Today&rft.atitle=The+role+of+microscopy+in+the+investigation+of+paramyosin+as+a+vaccine+candidate+against+Schistosoma+japonicum&rft.au=Gobert%2C+G+N&rft.aulast=Gobert&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1998-03-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=115&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Parasitology+Today&rft.issn=01694758&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Human diseases; Literature reviews; Immunology; Microscopy; Vaccines; Parasitic diseases; Public health; Schistosoma japonicum; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Was there sufficient justification for the 10-fold increase in the TLV for silica fume? A critical review AN - 16428868; 4329312 AB - In 1992, the Threshold Limit Value (TLV) for amorphous silica fume produced as a by-product of metallurgical processes was revised upwards from 0.2 mg/m super(3) (respirable dust) to 2.0 mg/m super(3). Comparison of the documentation justifying the lower TLV published by the ACGIH in 1989, with the subsequent documentation justifying the higher value published in 1992, does not support this increase. Following an outline of the problem areas existing in interpretational difficulties of experimental and review material in the silica fume bibliography, this paper provides a detailed examination of the six additional references cited in the 1992 documentation. All additional material suggests a need for extra caution, particularly with respect to recent experimental work in Australia on the sizing of silica fume. This paper concludes that the health evidence supports a TLV for silica fume closer to 0.3 mg/m super(3) rather than the current 2.0 mg/m super(3) now adopted in the U.S. and Australia. JF - American Journal of Industrial Medicine AU - Cunningham, E A AU - Todd, J J AU - Jablonski, W AD - University of Tasmania, Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, GPO Box 252-78, Hobart Tasmania, Australia 7001, eac@Postoffice.SandyBay.utas.edu.au Y1 - 1998/03// PY - 1998 DA - Mar 1998 SP - 212 EP - 223 VL - 33 IS - 3 SN - 0271-3586, 0271-3586 KW - man KW - silica KW - silicon dioxide KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - X 24230:Legislation & recommended standards KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16428868?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.atitle=Was+there+sufficient+justification+for+the+10-fold+increase+in+the+TLV+for+silica+fume%3F+A+critical+review&rft.au=Cunningham%2C+E+A%3BTodd%2C+J+J%3BJablonski%2C+W&rft.aulast=Cunningham&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1998-03-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=212&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.issn=02713586&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effect of two scales of habitat architecture on benthic grazing in a river AN - 16424339; 4323625 AB - 1. This experiment studied the effects of differing levels of the complexity of substratum architecture at two spatial scales on the distribution and abundance of benthic algae and invertebrates, and the strength of the trophic interaction between invertebrate grazers and algae. Some estimates of the effects on invertebrate colonization rates were also made. 2. Four levels of microhabitat architectural complexity were created using artificial substrata (clay tiles) and placed in Mountain River, Tasmania, in two riffle types (bedrock and boulder-cobble) of differing large-scale substratum complexity. After a colonization period, invertebrate grazers were removed from half the tiles to measure the effects of grazing. Invertebrates on the tiles were also counted and identified. At the end of the experiment, algae were removed from the tiles and analysed for chlorophyll a. 3. Invertebrate grazers did not reduce algal biomass during the experiment, and microhabitat-scale architecture influenced algal biomass more strongly than riffle-scale architecture. Highly complex microhabitat architecture increased algal biomass by providing more surface area, but once standardized for surface area, algal biomass decreased as the complexity of microhabitat architecture increased. 4. Microhabitat-scale architecture was also predominant in determining invertebrate density and the identity of the dominant grazer species. In contrast to algal biomass, invertebrate densities and species density increased with the complexity of microhabitat architecture, suggesting that refuges from flow (and possibly predation) were as important to river invertebrates as the distribution of their food source. 5. Riffle-scale architecture had some effect on the colonization of two slow-moving grazer taxa, but, overall, the colonization processes of slow-moving grazers were determined mostly by the complexity of microhabitat-scale architecture. JF - Freshwater Biology AU - Robson, B J AU - Barmuta, LA AD - Department of Zoology and Centre for Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tasmania, GPO Box 252.05, Hobart 7001, Australia Y1 - 1998/03// PY - 1998 DA - Mar 1998 SP - 207 EP - 220 VL - 39 IS - 2 SN - 0046-5070, 0046-5070 KW - Entomology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04310:Freshwater KW - Z 05210:Aquatic entomology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16424339?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Freshwater+Biology&rft.atitle=The+effect+of+two+scales+of+habitat+architecture+on+benthic+grazing+in+a+river&rft.au=Robson%2C+B+J%3BBarmuta%2C+LA&rft.aulast=Robson&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1998-03-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=207&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Freshwater+Biology&rft.issn=00465070&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative analysis of the mating system of the rare woodland shrub Daviesia suaveolens and its common congener D. mimosoides AN - 16420993; 4326917 AB - Controlled pollinations and allozyme markers were used to compare mating system parameters among three populations of the rare woodland shrub Daviesia suaveolens Crisp. and five populations of its common relative D. mimosoides R. Br. Pollination results show that both species require a vector to facilitate pollination and have strong self-incompatibility mechanisms. Multilocus estimates of outcrossing rates confirm this, with all populations being highly outcrossed (D. suaveolens t sub(m) = 0.78-1.0; D. mimosoides t sub(m) = 0.71-0.96). Smaller and less dense D. mimosoides populations had higher correlations of outcrossed paternity than larger ones. The divergence of pollen pool allele frequencies from population frequencies was greater in smaller populations than in larger ones, in keeping with a lower effective size of the male source. Regression analyses generally failed to show effects of either plant size or local flowering environment on estimates of single-plant outcrossing rates. Most variation in these rates probably reflects the combined effects of sampling error, correlated mating and the influence of marker diversity on outcross detectability. JF - Heredity AU - Young, A G AU - Brown, AHD AD - Cent. for Plant Biodiversity Res., CSIRO Plant Ind., GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia Y1 - 1998/03// PY - 1998 DA - Mar 1998 SP - 374 EP - 381 VL - 80 IS - 3 SN - 0018-067X, 0018-067X KW - mating KW - pollen KW - pollination KW - self-incompatibility KW - Ecology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - G 07270:Ecological genetics KW - D 04637:Legumes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16420993?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Heredity&rft.atitle=Comparative+analysis+of+the+mating+system+of+the+rare+woodland+shrub+Daviesia+suaveolens+and+its+common+congener+D.+mimosoides&rft.au=Young%2C+A+G%3BBrown%2C+AHD&rft.aulast=Young&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1998-03-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=374&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Heredity&rft.issn=0018067X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Guarding specialisation in pre-reproductive colonies of the allodapine bee Exoneura bicolor AN - 16417248; 4310432 AB - The allodapine bee Exoneura bicolor constructs linear nests in pithy centres of dead plant material. Brood is reared progressively. During winter, nests usually contain one mated female with large ovaries and several subordinate females with small ovaries. The dominant female pheromonally inhibits ovarian enlargement of subordinate females. During the foraging season, dominant females guard the nest, while subordinate females undertake the more risk prone foraging activities. During winter, virtually no foraging occurs. Therefore, guarding might be the most dangerous activity during winter. In this paper we investigate whether the position of females in the nest during winter is related to dominance. Females did not change relative position frequently and the position of females decreased near monotonically with ovary size, with the dominant female closest to the nest entrance. It is concluded that: (1) dominant females do not move about in the nest to ensure spread of their pheromones among nestmates, or to behaviourally inhibit ovarian enlargement of subordinates; (2) dominant females do not force subordinates to guard the nest. Because the guard is probably the female that is most subject to predation during winter, guarding by the dominant should have some payoffs. Potential benefits are: (a) contamination of incoming air with volatile pheromones; (b) preventing intruders from entering the nest; (c) controlling nestmates leaving and entering the nest. The latter may enable females to control food that is brought back into the nest, and to prevent mating by subordinate females. Our results indicate that social structure within these nests is influenced by the linear structure of the nest burrows. JF - Ethology Ecology & Evolution AU - Hogendoorn, K AU - Schwarz, M P AD - School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University of South Australia, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, S.A. 5001, Australia, Katja.Hogendoorn@flinders.edu.au Y1 - 1998/03// PY - 1998 DA - Mar 1998 SP - 67 EP - 77 VL - 10 IS - 1 SN - 0394-9370, 0394-9370 KW - Hymenoptera KW - females KW - Ecology Abstracts; Animal Behavior Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - Z 05208:Social entomology KW - Y 25453:Insects KW - D 04659:Insects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16417248?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ethology+Ecology+%26+Evolution&rft.atitle=Guarding+specialisation+in+pre-reproductive+colonies+of+the+allodapine+bee+Exoneura+bicolor&rft.au=Hogendoorn%2C+K%3BSchwarz%2C+M+P&rft.aulast=Hogendoorn&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1998-03-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ethology+Ecology+%26+Evolution&rft.issn=03949370&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Trunk muscle use during pulling tasks: Effects of a lifting belt and footing conditions AN - 16400396; 4310963 AB - Pulling tasks require the torso to act as a rigid link in order to facilitate the force transmission between the ground and the hands. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that a lifting belt increases the rigidity of the torso, thereby increasing pulling strength or reducing trunk muscle forces, or both, as pulling tasks are performed. Twelve volunteers performed maximal and submaximal isometric pulling exertions; the latter were performed on nonslippery and slippery surfaces. Electromyographic data from 8 trunk muscles, trunk kinematic data, and ground reaction forces were sampled during each exertion. Results indicated that the lifting belt had no effect during maximal exertions on the maximal pull forces generated or the muscle recruitment levels, irrespective of the pulling posture. The lifting belt did not affect the EMG data obtained during the submaximal (40% of maximum) exertions, even when participants pulled on a slippery surface. However, the slippery surface increased the coactivation within the trunk musculature, perhaps stiffening the torso in the event of a slip. The absence of a statistical interaction effect between the lifting belt and the footing condition (slipperiness) indicates that the belt did not alter the coactivation pattern and hence was not relied upon by the participants as a protective mechanism. The data presented here will assist those who must make decisions regarding lifting-belt use and those who train individuals in manual materials handling techniques. JF - Human Factors AU - Lavender, SA AU - Chen, Sung-Hsiung AU - Li, Yi-Chun AU - Andersson, GBJ AD - Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center, 1653 West Congress Pkwy., Chicago, IL 60612, USA Y1 - 1998/03// PY - 1998 DA - Mar 1998 SP - 159 EP - 172 VL - 40 IS - 1 SN - 0018-7208, 0018-7208 KW - ergonomics KW - lifting KW - man-machine interactions KW - protective equipment KW - training KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - H 10000:Ergonomics/Human Factors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16400396?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+Factors&rft.atitle=Trunk+muscle+use+during+pulling+tasks%3A+Effects+of+a+lifting+belt+and+footing+conditions&rft.au=Lavender%2C+SA%3BChen%2C+Sung-Hsiung%3BLi%2C+Yi-Chun%3BAndersson%2C+GBJ&rft.aulast=Lavender&rft.aufirst=SA&rft.date=1998-03-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=159&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human+Factors&rft.issn=00187208&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The use of temporary pond microcosms for aquatic toxicity testing: Direct and indirect effects of endosulfan on community structure AN - 16203228; 4276809 AB - Replicate aquatic microcosms can be established using sediment from the basin of dried temporary ponds. When the sediment is flooded with water, the resting stages or eggs of zooplankton, phytoplankton, macrophytes and filamentous algae are activated and a complex community develops in a few weeks. The aim of this study was to test the utility of using temporary pond microcosms for aquatic toxicity testing, by dosing a set of microcosms with the organochlorine pesticide, endosulfan and measuring physical, chemical and biological responses over a period of 10 weeks. A total of 20 3-l microcosms were established and after 6 weeks dosed with endosulfan at 0, 1, 10 or 50 mu g/ l endosulfan. The application was repeated after 3 weeks. The pH, conductivity, dawn and dusk oxygen levels, ammonia, nitrite, orthophosphate, chlorophyll-a, zooplankton and phytoplankton were measured at weekly intervals. After 10 weeks the total composition of each microcosm was determined and endosulfan residues in the macrophytes and sediments measured. The half-life of endosulfan in the water column was approximately 24 h. After 10 weeks, the initial applications of endosulfan, between 6 and 12% of the initial dose could be recovered from the sediment in a toxic form ( alpha or beta endosulfan or endosulfan sulfate). Total mean endosulfan residues were 0.57, 27 and 61 ng/g dry weight in macrophytes and 1.49, 7.0 and 36 ng/g dry weight in the sediments for the 1, 10 and 50 mu g/l treatments, respectively. At 10 and 50 mu g/l endosulfan, populations of ostracods and calanoid copepods were eliminated and the cladoceran Ceriodaphnia sp. significantly reduced. There were significant increases in Simocephalus sp., tardigrades, filamentous algae, chlorophyll-a and macrophytes. Orthophosphate concentrations were correlated with macrophyte biomass and were lower in the treated microcosms. Nitrite levels were also lower in the treated microcosms. There was quantal shift in composition of the animal community between 1 and 10 mu g/l endosulfan which could be visualized using the ordination technique multi-dimensional scaling. The mechanisms underlying this quantal shift in community structure are analyzed and the advantages and limitations of using temporary pond microcosms for toxicity testing are discussed. JF - Aquatic Toxicology AU - Barry, MJ AU - Logan, D C AD - Key Centre for Applied and Nutritional Toxicology, RMIT-University, City Campus, GPO Box 2476V Melbourne 3001, Australia Y1 - 1998/03/01/ PY - 1998 DA - 1998 Mar 01 SP - 101 EP - 124 PB - Elsevier Science B.V. VL - 41 IS - 1-2 SN - 0166-445X, 0166-445X KW - endosulfan KW - microcosms KW - Toxicology Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Chlorophyll KW - Phytoplankton KW - Freshwater KW - Toxicity tests KW - Ponds KW - Testing procedures KW - Microcosms KW - Algae KW - Freshwater pollution KW - Zooplankton KW - Aquatic environment KW - Endosulfan KW - Macrophytes KW - Community composition KW - Community structure KW - Toxicity testing KW - Orthophosphates KW - Pesticides (organochlorine) KW - Toxicity KW - Water pollution KW - Pesticides KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - X 24136:Environmental impact UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16203228?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+Toxicology&rft.atitle=The+use+of+temporary+pond+microcosms+for+aquatic+toxicity+testing%3A+Direct+and+indirect+effects+of+endosulfan+on+community+structure&rft.au=Barry%2C+MJ%3BLogan%2C+D+C&rft.aulast=Barry&rft.aufirst=MJ&rft.date=1998-03-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=101&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+Toxicology&rft.issn=0166445X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Zooplankton; Phytoplankton; Toxicity; Toxicity tests; Water pollution; Ponds; Aquatic environment; Macrophytes; Community composition; Pesticides; Microcosms; Freshwater pollution; Algae; Chlorophyll; Pesticides (organochlorine); Endosulfan; Community structure; Toxicity testing; Testing procedures; Orthophosphates; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The U.S. Federal Framework for Research on Endocrine Disruptors and an Analysis of Research Programs Supported During Fiscal Year 1996 AN - 14486846; 10550658 AB - One of the research areas of the President's National Science and Technology Council is endocrine disruptors, with work having begun in 1995 with the establishment of a Working Group on Endocrine Disruptors chaired by EPA and co-chaired by USGS and HHS. The research framework is outlined, including the methods for identifying/characterizing the hazards, model development, measurements, and studies involving immunotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and reproductive and developmental toxicity. Ecological research is also outlined, as well as the ongoing exposure studies. The largest research effort is currently occurring in human-health research and in model development. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Reiter, Lawrence W AU - DeRosa, Chris AU - Kavlock, Robert J AU - Lucier, George AU - Mac, Michael J AU - Melillo, Jerry AU - Melnick, Ronald L Y1 - 1998/03// PY - 1998 DA - Mar 1998 SP - 105 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 106 IS - 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - NEUROTOXICITY KW - TERATOGENIC AGENTS KW - HORMONAL EFFECTS KW - CHEMICAL CONTAMINATION KW - RISK ASSESSMENT KW - IMMUNOTOXICITY KW - CARCINOGENIC AGENTS KW - RESEARCH KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14486846?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+U.S.+Federal+Framework+for+Research+on+Endocrine+Disruptors+and+an+Analysis+of+Research+Programs+Supported+During+Fiscal+Year+1996&rft.au=Reiter%2C+Lawrence+W%3BDeRosa%2C+Chris%3BKavlock%2C+Robert+J%3BLucier%2C+George%3BMac%2C+Michael+J%3BMelillo%2C+Jerry%3BMelnick%2C+Ronald+L&rft.aulast=Reiter&rft.aufirst=Lawrence&rft.date=1998-03-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=105&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t diagrams N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - IMMUNOTOXICITY; RISK ASSESSMENT; NEUROTOXICITY; TERATOGENIC AGENTS; CARCINOGENIC AGENTS; RESEARCH; HORMONAL EFFECTS; CHEMICAL CONTAMINATION ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dengue Fever Epidemic Potential as Predicted by General Circulation Models of Global Climate Change AN - 14486654; 10550663 AB - Outbreaks in urban areas infected with dengue fever's primary vector, Aedes aegypti, can involve up to 7080% of the population, with no vaccine currently available. The transmission of dengue viruses is influenced by climate, among other factors, with the infectious agents requiring cold-blooded invertebrate species to complete their life cycle. Temperature strongly affects pathogen replication, maturation, and period of infectivity. A scenario-based modeling approach is presented as an important step toward quantifying potential alteration in dengue transmission as a result of climate change. The focus was on the influence of temperature on the dynamics of viral transmission for a given infected mosquito population. Climate-model outputs were applied to the vectorial capacity model of disease transmission using well-validated climate-related parameters previously used in a dengue-transmission simulation model. The outcome parameter was the epidemic potential, which is the reciprocal of the critical-density threshold. Results suggested that epidemic potential increased with a relatively small temperature rise, indicating that fewer mosquitoes would be necessary to maintain or spread dengue in a vulnerable population. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Patz, Jonathan A AU - Martens, Willem JM AU - Focks, Dana A AU - Jetten, Theo H Y1 - 1998/03// PY - 1998 DA - Mar 1998 SP - 147 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 106 IS - 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - EPIDEMICS KW - MATHEMATIC MODELS, WEATHER KW - MOSQUITOES KW - RISK ASSESSMENT KW - GREENHOUSE EFFECT KW - DISEASES AND DISORDERS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14486654?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Dengue+Fever+Epidemic+Potential+as+Predicted+by+General+Circulation+Models+of+Global+Climate+Change&rft.au=Patz%2C+Jonathan+A%3BMartens%2C+Willem+JM%3BFocks%2C+Dana+A%3BJetten%2C+Theo+H&rft.aulast=Patz&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=1998-03-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=147&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 6 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; EPIDEMICS; GREENHOUSE EFFECT; MATHEMATIC MODELS, WEATHER; DISEASES AND DISORDERS; MOSQUITOES ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bioavailability and Biotransformation of Benzo(a)pyrene in an Isolated Perfused in Situ Catfish Intestinal Preparation AN - 14486563; 10550664 AB - An in situ isolated perfused catfish intestinal model was used to examine the metabolism and bioavailability of benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), with the dosages used based on determinations of relevant biotransformation enzymes in the intestine. Dietary pretreatment involved the CYP1A-inducer, beta -naphthoflavone, to induce the intestine but not the liver. Results showed that the systematic bioavailability of BaP molar equivalents was significantly greater with higher BaP doses and pretreatment with beta -naphthoflavone, but increases in bioavailability could not be accounted for solely by changes in metabolism. Both primary and secondary biotransformation pathways appeared to increase systemic uptake. Conjugates were proportionally favored under low-dose uninduced conditions, while benzo-ring diols were proportionally more important following beta -naphthoflavone pretreatment. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Kleinow, Kevin M AU - James, Margaret O AU - Tong, Zeen AU - Venugopalan, Changaram S Y1 - 1998/03// PY - 1998 DA - Mar 1998 SP - 155 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 106 IS - 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - BIOACCUMULATION, FISH KW - ENZYME ACTIVITY KW - CATFISH KW - DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES KW - METABOLIC ACTIVATION KW - BENZO-A-PYRENE KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14486563?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Bioavailability+and+Biotransformation+of+Benzo%28a%29pyrene+in+an+Isolated+Perfused+in+Situ+Catfish+Intestinal+Preparation&rft.au=Kleinow%2C+Kevin+M%3BJames%2C+Margaret+O%3BTong%2C+Zeen%3BVenugopalan%2C+Changaram+S&rft.aulast=Kleinow&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft.date=1998-03-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=155&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 2 |t diagrams N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - BIOACCUMULATION, FISH; DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES; ENZYME ACTIVITY; METABOLIC ACTIVATION; BENZO-A-PYRENE; CATFISH ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pulmonary Toxicity in Hamsters of Smoke Particles from Kuwaiti Oil Fires AN - 14486530; 10550662 AB - Samples of particulate air pollution were collected in the town of Ahmadi, Kuwait, which is located downwind from the oil fires that occurred during the Gulf War, and hamsters were instilled intratracheally with the particulate samples to assess their relative pulmonary toxicity. The bioassay protocol is outlined. Results indicated that the smoke particles were toxic, causing an inflammatory response comparable to that observed in animals instilled with the positive control. Within 1 d, there was an increase in the number of neutrophils in the bronchoalveolar lavage, as well as elevated myeloperoxidase activity. The fire particles were also found to be genotoxic, increasing sister chromatid exchanges. The overall results suggested that the acute toxicity of the smoke particles was comparable to that of urban particles, possibly contributing to both acute and chronic cardiopulmonary disease and death. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Brain, Joseph D AU - Long, Nancy C AU - Wolfthal, Susan F AU - Dumyahn, Thomas AU - Dockery, Douglas W Y1 - 1998/03// PY - 1998 DA - Mar 1998 SP - 141 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 106 IS - 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - SMOKE KW - BIOASSAY KW - PARTICULATES KW - KUWAIT KW - PULMONARY EFFECTS KW - PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES, ANIMAL KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14486530?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Pulmonary+Toxicity+in+Hamsters+of+Smoke+Particles+from+Kuwaiti+Oil+Fires&rft.au=Brain%2C+Joseph+D%3BLong%2C+Nancy+C%3BWolfthal%2C+Susan+F%3BDumyahn%2C+Thomas%3BDockery%2C+Douglas+W&rft.aulast=Brain&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.date=1998-03-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=141&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 6 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - KUWAIT; SMOKE; BIOASSAY; PULMONARY EFFECTS; PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES, ANIMAL; PARTICULATES ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Urban Particle-Induced Apoptosis and Phenotype Shifts in Human Alveolar Macrophages AN - 14485973; 10550660 AB - Freshly isolated human alveolar macrophages were incubated with well-characterized urban particles, negative-control Mount Saint Helen's ash, and residual-oil flyash, and the macrophages were examined subsequently for cell viability by trypan blue exclusion and for apoptosis by morphology, cell death, and DNA ladder formation. Results showed that residual-oil flyash and two types of urban particles induced apoptosis and induced shifts in the alveolar macrophage phenotypes to a more immune-stimulatory state. The Mount Saint Helen's ash caused no adverse effects. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Holian, Andrij AU - Hamilton, Raymond F AU - Morandi, Maria T AU - Brown, Steven D AU - Li, Li Y1 - 1998/03// PY - 1998 DA - Mar 1998 SP - 127 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 106 IS - 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - FLYASH KW - PULMONARY DISORDERS KW - URBAN ATMOSPHERE KW - PARTICULATES KW - IMMUNE RESPONSE KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14485973?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Urban+Particle-Induced+Apoptosis+and+Phenotype+Shifts+in+Human+Alveolar+Macrophages&rft.au=Holian%2C+Andrij%3BHamilton%2C+Raymond+F%3BMorandi%2C+Maria+T%3BBrown%2C+Steven+D%3BLi%2C+Li&rft.aulast=Holian&rft.aufirst=Andrij&rft.date=1998-03-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 4 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - FLYASH; PULMONARY DISORDERS; PARTICULATES; URBAN ATMOSPHERE; IMMUNE RESPONSE ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cows for Fear: Is BSE a Threat to Human Health? AN - 14485883; 10550657 AB - Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), or mad cow disease, caused a major fear among consumers of beef in the UK in 1996. In 1997, the European Union banned orally ingestible medicines that contain animal by-products, which covers approximately 80% of such medicines. The reason cited was the appearance among humans of a new variant of the rare but serious CreutzfeldtJakob disease (CJD). Results of recent studies suggest that variant CJD and certain types of spongiform encephalopathy are transmissible among animal species. The origins of BSE are examined, and some possible alternative causes of spongiform encephalopathy are identified and discussed, including the possibility of an autoimmune disease, an elusive virus, and spiroplasma. Efforts to find the disease agent are described. It is suggested that the transmission of spongiform encephalopathy from food to humans has probably occurred and that the implicated cattle tissue should be disposed of according to the strictest protocols for infectious waste. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Josephson, Julian Y1 - 1998/03// PY - 1998 DA - Mar 1998 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 106 IS - 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - CATTLE KW - DISEASES AND DISORDERS KW - PUBLIC HEALTH KW - FOOD CONTAMINATION KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14485883?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Cows+for+Fear%3A+Is+BSE+a+Threat+to+Human+Health%3F&rft.au=Josephson%2C+Julian&rft.aulast=Josephson&rft.aufirst=Julian&rft.date=1998-03-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 5 |t photos N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - CATTLE; DISEASES AND DISORDERS; PUBLIC HEALTH; FOOD CONTAMINATION ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Site-Specific Data Confirm Arsenic Exposure Predicted by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency AN - 14485500; 10550661 JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Walker, Susan AU - Griffin, Susan Y1 - 1998/03// PY - 1998 DA - Mar 1998 SP - 133 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 106 IS - 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - ARSENIC KW - EPA, FEDERAL KW - SUPERFUND SITES KW - MATHEMATIC MODELS, BIOLOGICAL KW - BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14485500?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Site-Specific+Data+Confirm+Arsenic+Exposure+Predicted+by+the+U.S.+Environmental+Protection+Agency&rft.au=Walker%2C+Susan%3BGriffin%2C+Susan&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=1998-03-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=133&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ARSENIC; EPA, FEDERAL; SUPERFUND SITES; MATHEMATIC MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Estrogenicity of Bisphenol A-Related Diphenylalkanes with Various Substituents at the Central Carbon and the Hydroxy Groups AN - 14485488; 10550665 AB - Diphenylalkanes are among the leading chemicals in plastics, with bisphenol A a primary raw material. Results are presented from a study in which bisphenol A-derived compounds with substitution of the hydroxy groups and the central carbon atom were analyzed in terms of their estrogenic potential. The MCF7 breast cancer cell line was used. Results showed that bisphenol F, bisphenol AF, and other diphenylalkanes were estrogenic in MCF7 cells, promoting cell proliferation and increasing the synthesis and secretion of cell-type specific proteins. The most active molecule was that with two propyl chains at the central carbon. The data further suggested that not only the distance between para-hydroxy groups but also the nature of the bridging carbon substituents may determine estrogenicity. The estrogenicity of bisphenol polymers may be due to their nonpolymerized monomers or by chemical degradation. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Perez, Pilar AU - Pulgar, Rosa AU - Olea-Serrano, Fatima AU - Villalobos, Mercedes AU - Rivas, Ana AU - Metzler, Manfred AU - Pedraza, Vicente Y1 - 1998/03// PY - 1998 DA - Mar 1998 SP - 167 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 106 IS - 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - PLASTICS KW - CARCINOGENIC AGENTS KW - HORMONAL EFFECTS KW - BIOASSAY KW - CHEMICAL CONTAMINATION KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14485488?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+Estrogenicity+of+Bisphenol+A-Related+Diphenylalkanes+with+Various+Substituents+at+the+Central+Carbon+and+the+Hydroxy+Groups&rft.au=Perez%2C+Pilar%3BPulgar%2C+Rosa%3BOlea-Serrano%2C+Fatima%3BVillalobos%2C+Mercedes%3BRivas%2C+Ana%3BMetzler%2C+Manfred%3BPedraza%2C+Vicente&rft.aulast=Perez&rft.aufirst=Pilar&rft.date=1998-03-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=167&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 10 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - PLASTICS; CARCINOGENIC AGENTS; HORMONAL EFFECTS; BIOASSAY; CHEMICAL CONTAMINATION ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potential Health Effects of Gasoline and Its Constituents: A Review of Current Literature (19901997) on Toxicological Data AN - 14485476; 10550659 AB - Experimental and epidemiological toxicological studies that have been published over the period 199097, which have addressed leaded and unleaded gasolines, as well as their components or additives, are reviewed. Results are presented from experimental animal studies and human and epidemiological studies, and data are presented on the incidence of renal and liver tumors, and the toxicity of organic compounds of Pb, ethanol, methanol, methyl tertiary butyl ether, tertiary butyl alcohol, tertiary amyl methyl ether, ethyl tertiary butyl ether, ethylene dibromide, ethylene dichloride, benzene, and alkylbenzenes. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Caprino, Luciano AU - Togna, Giuseppina I Y1 - 1998/03// PY - 1998 DA - Mar 1998 SP - 115 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 106 IS - 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - GASOLINE KW - GASOLINE ANALYSIS KW - FUEL ADDITIVES KW - OXYGENATION KW - CARCINOGENIC AGENTS KW - LITERATURE SURVEYS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14485476?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=McDonald%2C+N&rft.aulast=McDonald&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=0730852148&rft.btitle=South+Australia%27s+blue+crab+fishery+the+process+of+recognition&rft.title=South+Australia%27s+blue+crab+fishery+the+process+of+recognition&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 233 |t References N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - OXYGENATION; GASOLINE; CARCINOGENIC AGENTS; GASOLINE ANALYSIS; FUEL ADDITIVES; LITERATURE SURVEYS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Confirmation of ray blight disease of pyrethrum in Australia AN - 1020857541; 16786341 AB - Isolations from affected plant parts of pyrethrum exhibiting flower bud abortion and necrotic symptoms consistently yielded a Phoma sp., identified as the anamorph of Didpella ligulicola, the causal agent of ray blight of chrysanthemum. Pathogenicity of both mycelial and conidial inoculum of the isolated fungus to pyrethrum was proven. Infection of stem pieces occurred by direct penetration of the fungal hyphae with invasion being both inter- and intracellular. Infection was associated with red pigmentation and cytoplasmic crystalline inclusions of host tissues. This is the first confirmed record of this disease of pyrethrum in Australia. JF - Australasian Plant Pathology AU - Pethybridge, S J AU - Wilson, C R AD - Tasmanian Institute of Agricultural Research, School of Agricultural Science, University of Tasmania, GPO Box 252-54, 7001, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia, Calum.Wilson@utas.edu.au Y1 - 1998/03// PY - 1998 DA - Mar 1998 SP - 45 EP - 48 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 27 IS - 1 SN - 0156-0972, 0156-0972 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Abortion KW - Blight KW - Chrysanthemum KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1020857541?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australasian+Plant+Pathology&rft.atitle=Confirmation+of+ray+blight+disease+of+pyrethrum+in+Australia&rft.au=Pethybridge%2C+S+J%3BWilson%2C+C+R&rft.aulast=Pethybridge&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1998-03-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=45&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australasian+Plant+Pathology&rft.issn=01560972&rft_id=info:doi/10.1071%2FAP98004 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Blight; Chrysanthemum DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/AP98004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Construction of a umuC'-luxAB plasmid for the detection of mutagenic DNA repair via luminescence AN - 16204290; 4277292 AB - This paper describes a novel system for the detection of mutagenic DNA repair in Escherichia coli . The DNA damage inducible umuC gene of Escherichia coli has been fused to the luxAB genes from Vibrio harveyi that encode the enzyme luciferase. Mutagenicity has been assessed semi-quantitatively by the induction of bioluminescence. This system is simple, rapid and equivalent in sensitivity to other currently available test procedures. Its use in the detection of known SOS mutagens MMS, MNNG and UV is described. JF - Mutation Research AU - Justus, T AU - Thomas, S M AD - School of Biological Sciences, The Flinders University of South Australia, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia Y1 - 1998/02/26/ PY - 1998 DA - 1998 Feb 26 SP - 131 EP - 142 PB - Elsevier Science B.V. VL - 398 IS - 1-2 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - alkanal monooxygenase (FMN-linked) KW - luciferase KW - luminescence KW - luxA gene KW - luxAB gene KW - luxB gene KW - umuC gene KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - G 07220:General theory/testing systems KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16204290?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+Research&rft.atitle=Construction+of+a+umuC%27-luxAB+plasmid+for+the+detection+of+mutagenic+DNA+repair+via+luminescence&rft.au=Justus%2C+T%3BThomas%2C+S+M&rft.aulast=Justus&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1998-02-26&rft.volume=398&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+Research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - MOCA and some proposed substitutes (Cyanacure, Conacure, Polacure 740M and Ethacure 300) as two-stage skin carcinogens in HRA/Skh hairless mice AN - 16203931; 4277290 AB - 4,4'-Methylenebis(2-chlororaniline) (MOCA) is a suspect human carcinogen that has wide use as an industrial compound. Occupationally, exposure may occur through inhalation and ingestion, but skin absorption is the main route by which this compound gains entry into the body. Because of the justified concern about the continued use of MOCA, a number of substitutes have been proposed, including 1,2-bis(2-aminophenylthio)ethane (Cyanacure), Conacure, trimethylene glycol di-p -aminobenzoate (Polacure 740M) and 3,5-dimethylthio-2,4-toluenediamine /3,5-dimethylthio-2,6-toluenediamine (Ethacure 300). There is very little information available about these substances, but they share the property of belonging to the same class (aromatic amines) as MOCA. Furthermore, at least two (Ethacure 300 and Cyanacure) are mutagenic in Salmonella . This study was undertaken to investigate if MOCA and substitutes, Polacure 740M, Ethacure 300, Cyanacure and Conacure have the potential to cause papillomas in a two stage initiation/promotion protocol in HRA/Skh hairless mice. When a maximum dose of 100 mg of substance was applied to the dorsal skin of these mice, Ethacure 300 and Cyanacure were markedly toxic. All of the compounds had little or no effect on skin tumor initiating activity following 12-O -tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) promotion. One experiment with MOCA suggested that, at lower and less toxic dose, this substance may have promotional activity. Therefore, caution should still be exercised when using these compounds and it cannot be excluded that they may be active in other strains of mice or other laboratory animal species. JF - Mutation Research AU - Rozinova, E AU - Khalil, M AU - Bonin, A M AD - National Institute of Occupational Health and Safety (Worksafe Australia) G.P.O. Box 58, Sydney, NSW 2001, Australia Y1 - 1998/02/26/ PY - 1998 DA - 1998 Feb 26 SP - 111 EP - 121 PB - Elsevier Science B.V. VL - 398 IS - 1-2 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - 1,2-Bis(2-aminophenylthio)ethane KW - 3,5-Dimethylthio-2,4-toluenediamine KW - 3,5-Dimethylthio-2,6-toluenediamine KW - 4,4'-Methylenebis(2-chlororaniline) KW - Conacure KW - Cyanacure KW - Ethacure 300 KW - Polacure 740M KW - mice KW - papilloma KW - trimethylene glycol di(p)aminobenzoate KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24152:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16203931?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+and+Soil&rft.atitle=Maximum+axial+growth+pressures+of+the+lateral+roots+of+pea+and+eucalypt&rft.au=Misra%2C+R+K&rft.aulast=Misra&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=188&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=161&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+and+Soil&rft.issn=0032079X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1023%2FA%3A1004257516696 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Non-School Hours: Mobilizing School and Community Resources. Hearing on Examining Certain Initiatives To Mobilize School and Community Resources To Provide Quality Programs To Address the Needs of Students during Non-School Hours, Including the Administration's Proposed Expansion of the 21st Century Community Learning Centers Program Designed To Provide Funds to School-Community Partnerships To Start Up or Expand After-School, Extended Learning Programs for Schoolage Children of the Committee on Labor and Human Resources, United States Senate, One Hundred Fifth Congress, Second Session. AN - 62442957; ED424682 AB - This hearing explored ways in which to meet children's and families' needs during nonschool hours. It examined the nature of those needs, the barriers that various segments of the community face, how the Federal Government can help build coordinated school and community networks, and how to make nonschool hours safe for children. Testimony was provided by Gerald Tirozzi, assistant secretary for elementary and secondary education, U.S. Department of Education; Shepherd Smith, president of Institute for Youth Development; Brad Luck, high school student and president of the Essex Vermont Teen Center; Sue Luck, associate executive director of the greater Burlington YMCA; Senator Patty Murray; Arthur Sheninger, principal of Hatchery Hill School; Linda Childears, president of Young Americans Bank; and Thomas Frazier, commissioner of the Baltimore police department. Some of the issues discussed include starting school later in the day, supporting communities' youth initiatives, liability issues, and other concerns. (RJM) Y1 - 1998/02/25/ PY - 1998 DA - 1998 Feb 25 SP - 80 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160565766 KW - Congress 105th KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Program Descriptions KW - School Community Relationship KW - Outreach Programs KW - At Risk Persons KW - After School Programs KW - Hearings KW - Intervention KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Youth Problems UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62442957?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Teacher Preparation Initiatives. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Early Childhood, Youth and Families of the Committee on Education and the Workforce. House of Representatives, One Hundred Fifth Congress, Second Session. AN - 62365297; ED437346 AB - This hearing focused on the subject of teacher recruitment and preparation. The hearing began with opening statements by several Congressmen (the Honorable Frank Riggs, Matthew Martinez, William Gooding, George Miller, and Robert Scott). Following the opening statements were statements by the Honorable Eugene Hickock, Secretary of Education, Commonwealth of Pennsylvania; Mr. E.D. Hirsh, Jr., President, Core Knowledge Foundation, Charlottesville, VA; Dr. Eric Hanushek, Director, W. Allen Wallis Institute of Political Economy, University of Rochester, NY; Dr. Richard Ingersoll, Professor of Sociology, University of Georgia, Athens; Ms. C. Emily Feistritzer, President, National Center for Educational Information, Washington, DC; Dr. Dale Ballou, Professor of Economics, University of Massachusetts, MA; Ms. Kati Haycock, President, the Education Trust, Inc., Washington, DC.; Mr. Paul F. Steidler, Director, Alexis de Toqueville Institution, Arlington, VA; and Mr. Barnett Berry, Associate Director for Policy and State Relations, National Commission on Teaching and America's Future, Columbia, SC. Statements and written testimony are appended. The appendixes also include two reports by the National Commission on Teaching and America's Future: (1) "What Matters Most: Teaching for America's Future"; and (2) "Doing What Matters Most: Investing in Quality Teaching." (SM) Y1 - 1998/02/24/ PY - 1998 DA - 1998 Feb 24 SP - 481 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160578302 KW - Congress 105th KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Teacher Improvement KW - Preservice Teacher Education KW - Academic Achievement KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Higher Education KW - Teacher Shortage KW - Teaching Skills KW - Inservice Teacher Education KW - Public Education KW - Hearings KW - Teacher Recruitment KW - Teacher Qualifications KW - Faculty Development KW - Class Size KW - Educational Quality KW - Academic Standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62365297?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Caring for America's Children--A Congressional Symposium on Child Care and Parenting. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Children and Families of the Committee on Labor and Human Resources. United States Senate, One Hundred Fifth Congress, Second Session. AN - 62448939; ED422069 AB - These hearings transcripts present testimony regarding child care before the Senate's Subcommittee on Children and Families. The hearings attempted to answer three questions before action is taken by Congress concerning the care of the nation's children: (1) what is best for children?; (2) what do families really want?; and (3) what truly effective steps can be taken to enable families to provide the best care they can get for their children? Oral and written statements were offered by: (1) Indiana Senator Dan Coats; (2) Diane G. Fisher, a psychologist and policy consultant from the Independent Women's Forum; (3) Dr. Stanley Greensban, a child psychologist; (4) Jay Belsky, a professor of human development and family studies; (5) Dr. Armand Nicholi, a clinician and researcher from Harvard Medical School; (6) Ellen Gallinsky, a representative from the Family and Work Institute; (7) Darcy Olgen, a representative of The Cato Institute; (8) Danielle Crittenden, a representative from The Woman's Quarterly; and (9) Anita Blair, a representative of the Independent Women's Institute. (EV) Y1 - 1998/02/23/ PY - 1998 DA - 1998 Feb 23 SP - 99 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160565138 KW - Child Care Costs KW - Child Care Legislation KW - Child Care Needs KW - Congress 105th KW - Day Care Quality KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Day Care Effects KW - Family Needs KW - Government Role KW - Day Care KW - Hearings KW - Early Childhood Education KW - Public Policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62448939?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Bilingual Education Reform. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Early Childhood, Youth and Families of the Committee on Education and the Workforce. House of Representatives, One Hundred Fifth Congress, Second Session (San Diego, CA, February 18, 1998). AN - 62374717; ED436974 AB - The purpose of this hearing was to obtain the input of California citizens on federal legislation similar to 1998's California Bilingual Education ballot initiative. Present were Representatives Frank Riggs (chair), Bobby Scott, Randy Cunningham, Bob Filner, and Brian Bilbray. Offering testimony generally in support of bilingual education, or at least the option of it, were Dr. Eugene Garcia, Dean of the Graduate School of Education at the University of California at Berkeley; and Celia Ruiz, an attorney representing four California school districts. Dr. Garcia based his support for bilingual education on the conclusions of a number of government and academic studies showing overall positive effects of bilingual education. Ms. Ruiz focused her testimony not on the merits or drawbacks of bilingual education but on a defense of the legal process that federal law has created to allow school districts to choose from a range of educational options, from English immersion to long-term bilingual education programs. Cathy Liska, a teacher from Anaheim, California, and George S. Louie, a parent of a child placed in a bilingual education setting from Oakland, California, spoke against bilingual education. Mr. Louie's child had very negative experiences. Ms. Liska's experience as an elementary school teacher with first-hand classroom experience of bilingual education has convinced her it does not serve limited-English-speaking students well and should be ended. (KFT) Y1 - 1998/02/18/ PY - 1998 DA - 1998 Feb 18 SP - 118 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160577306 KW - California KW - Congress 105th KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Instructional Effectiveness KW - Politics of Education KW - Bilingual Education KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Second Language Learning KW - English (Second Language) KW - Bilingual Education Programs KW - Second Language Instruction KW - Second Language Programs KW - Hearings KW - Limited English Speaking KW - Language of Instruction UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62374717?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Efficient cloning of cDNA from grapevine leafroll-associated virus 4 and demonstration of probe specificity by the viral antibody AN - 16202912; 4277244 AB - Using a random-PCR method, a cDNA clone (LR4) was constructed from the replicative form dsRNA of grapevine leafroll-associated virus 4 (GLRaV-4). Northern blot analysis showed hybridization of LR4 to dsRNA in an extract of a Thompson Seedless grapevine clone from which GLRaV-4 was isolated originally by Hu et al. (1990). The cDNA clone was sequenced and shown to be specific to GLRaV-4 by reverse-transcription-PCR using GLRaV-4 particles enriched by the virus antibody coupled to magnetic beads. Reverse-transcription-PCR was used successfully to screen different varieties of grapevines for the virus. Western blot analysis of GLRaV-4 extracts from different varieties of infected grapevines revealed two distinct species of capsid protein with estimated Mr of either 35500 or 38000 depending on the variety used. Both proteins reacted with polyclonal as well as monoclonal antibodies. JF - Journal of Virological Methods AU - Fazeli, C F AU - Habili, N AU - Rezaian, MA AD - Cooperative Research Center for Viticulture and CSIRO Plant Industry, Adelaide Laboratory, GPO Box 350 Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia Y1 - 1998/02/15/ PY - 1998 DA - 1998 Feb 15 SP - 201 EP - 211 PB - Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. VL - 70 IS - 2 SN - 0166-0934, 0166-0934 KW - cloning KW - nucleotide sequence KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - A 01028:Others KW - V 22181:Detection KW - A 01114:Viruses UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16202912?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Virological+Methods&rft.atitle=Efficient+cloning+of+cDNA+from+grapevine+leafroll-associated+virus+4+and+demonstration+of+probe+specificity+by+the+viral+antibody&rft.au=Fazeli%2C+C+F%3BHabili%2C+N%3BRezaian%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Fazeli&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1998-02-15&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=201&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Virological+Methods&rft.issn=01660934&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Reauthorization of the Education of the Deaf Act. Hearing of the Committee on Labor and Human Resources on Examining Proposed Legislation Authorizing Funds for Gallaudet University and the National Technical Institute for Deaf as Contained in the Education of the Deaf Act. United States Senate, One Hundred Fifth Congress, Second Session. AN - 62449422; ED429380 AB - This transcript reports on a Senate hearing concerning the reauthorization of the Education of the Deaf Act. As well as statements by committee members, the transcript presents statements by and answers to questions of the following: students at Gallaudet University (Washington, DC), students at the National Technical Institute for the Deaf (New York), Jordan I. King, president of Gallaudet University; Robert R. DaVila, vice president of National Technical Institute for the Deaf; Judith Heumann, Assistant Secretary for Special Education and Rehabilitative Services, Department of Education; Carol Cichowski, Director, Special Education, Rehabilitation and Research Analysis Division, Department of Education; Ramone Rodriguez, Liaison Office for Special Institutions, Department of Education; Sarah E. Snyder, Alexander Graham Bell Association for the Deaf; and Nancy J. Bloch, President, National Association for the Deaf. Additional material includes a chart showing placements of Gallaudet graduates and responses to questions asked by Senators James Jeffords and Tom Harkin. (DB) Y1 - 1998/02/12/ PY - 1998 DA - 1998 Feb 12 SP - 61 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160563658 KW - Congress 105th KW - Education of the Deaf Act 1986 KW - National Association of the Deaf KW - Reauthorization Legislation KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Deafness KW - Special Education KW - Federal Legislation KW - Federal Aid KW - Educational Legislation KW - Hearings KW - Elementary Secondary Education UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62449422?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The conduction pore of a cardiac potassium channel AN - 787350407; 13760373 AB - Ion channels form transmembrane water-filled pores that allow ions to cross membranes in a rapid and selective fashion. The amino acid residues that line these pores have been sought to reveal the mechanisms of ion conduction and selectivity. The pore (P) loop is a stretch of residues that influences single-channel-current amplitude, selectivity among ions and open-channel blockade,, and is conserved in potassium-channel subunits previously recognized to contribute to pore formation,. To date, potassium-channel pores have been shown to form by symmetrical alignment of four P loops around a central conduction pathway. Here we show that the selectivity-determining pore region of the voltage-gated potassium channel of human heart through which the I sub(Ks) current passes includes the transmembrane segment of the non-P-loop protein minK. Two adjacent residues in this segment of minK are exposed in the pore on either side of a short barrier that restricts the movement of sodium, cadmium and zinc ions across the membrane. Thus, potassium-selective pores are not restricted to P loops or a strict P-loop geometry. JF - Nature AU - Tai, Kwok-Keung AU - Goldstein, Steve AN AD - Section of Developmental Biology and Biophysics, Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Boyer Center for Molecular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 295 Congress Avenue, New Haven, Connecticut 06536, USA PY - 1998 SP - 605 EP - 608 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW UK VL - 391 IS - 6667 SN - 0028-0836, 0028-0836 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Ions KW - Membranes KW - Barriers KW - Mink KW - Heavy metals KW - Potassium KW - Sodium KW - Channels KW - Pores KW - Cadmium KW - Conduction KW - Selectivity KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - Q2 09161:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/787350407?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=The+conduction+pore+of+a+cardiac+potassium+channel&rft.au=Tai%2C+Kwok-Keung%3BGoldstein%2C+Steve+AN&rft.aulast=Tai&rft.aufirst=Kwok-Keung&rft.date=1998-02-05&rft.volume=391&rft.issue=6667&rft.spage=605&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature&rft.issn=00280836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2F35416 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Channels; Barriers; Heavy metals; Potassium; Cadmium; Sodium; Ions; Pores; Membranes; Mink; Conduction; Selectivity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35416 ER - TY - GEN T1 - [Mapiripán Massacre] AN - 1679086354; CD01242 AB - Requests any known information about massacre at Mapiripán and about which Colombian military units are under investigation for human rights abuses. AU - United States. Congress. Senate AD - United States. Congress. Senate PY - 1998 SP - 2 KW - Albright, Madeleine K. KW - Congressional relations KW - Mapiripán Massacre (1997) KW - Massacres KW - Miraflores (Colombia) KW - Paramilitary forces KW - Larkin, Barbara KW - Larkin, Barbara UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1679086354?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Adnsa_cd&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=%5BMapirip%C3%A1n+Massacre%5D&rft.au=United+States.+Congress.+Senate&rft.aulast=United+States.+Congress.+Senate&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-02-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Digital National Security Archive N1 - Analyte descriptor - NSA document type: Letter N1 - People - Larkin, Barbara N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-16 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Helping Your Students with Homework: A Guide for Teachers. AN - 62543011; ED416037 AB - This guide for elementary and secondary teachers discusses 18 tips for creating meaningful homework assignments that students will complete. Following introductory sections that explore hurdles to homework, the guide details the following tips: (1) lay out expectations early in the school year; (2) create assignments with a purpose; (3) make sure students understand the purpose; (4) make assignments focused and clear; (5) create assignments that challenge students to think and to integrate; (6) vary assignments; (7) give homework that makes learning personal; (8) tie assignments to the present; (9) match assignments to the skills, interests, and needs of students; (10) use school and community resources; (11) match assignments to your style of teaching; (12) assign an appropriate amount of homework; (13) encourage and teach good study habits; (14) provide constructive feedback; (15) give praise and motivate; (16) give help as needed; (17) communicate with parents; and (18) show respect for students. Contains 18 references and 20 print and Internet resources. (KB) AU - Paulu, Nancy AU - Darby, Linda B. Y1 - 1998/02// PY - 1998 DA - February 1998 SP - 52 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160494362 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Teacher Expectations of Students KW - School Community Relationship KW - Teacher Student Relationship KW - Parent Teacher Cooperation KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Student Interests KW - Parent School Relationship KW - Homework KW - Student Needs KW - Teaching Guides KW - Student Responsibility KW - Assignments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62543011?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Illustrated by Margaret Scott. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Public School Districts in the United States: A Statistical Profile, 1987-88 to 1993-94. Statistical Analysis Report. AN - 62540021; ED416588 AB - The publicly available statistical information on U.S. public school districts to date has been limited to certain demographic characteristics of districts, student enrollment and racial composition, and the numbers of teachers. To enlarge this fund of knowledge, information on the variety of attributes, policies, and practices of public school districts in the United States is presented here. The report draws on data from a nationally representative survey of schools, teachers, principals, and public school districts. The topics covered here include geographic and demographic characteristics, the number and racial composition of students and teachers, the number and qualification of new hires, hiring criteria, teacher demand, and district efforts to recruit and retain teachers, teacher compensation and incentives, programs and services provided by the district, district graduation requirements, and other student policies. Within each of these topic areas, school districts are compared across three demographic and two geographic characteristics in the hope that local educators and policymakers can use the information to compare the situation in their school districts with similar types of districts nationally. The report does not assume any statistical expertise on the part of its readers and graphs are used extensively in each chapter to explicate the findings. A highlight of the survey's findings are presented at the front of the report. (RJM) AU - Levine, Roger AU - Christenson, Bruce Y1 - 1998/02// PY - 1998 DA - February 1998 SP - 271 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160494206 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - School Demography KW - Educational Administration KW - School Districts KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Geographic Regions KW - National Surveys KW - School Statistics KW - Public Schools KW - Profiles KW - Statistical Analysis KW - Public Education KW - Educational Assessment KW - Tables (Data) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62540021?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Education and Social Service Occupations and Clergy. Bulletin 2500-6. AN - 62440170; ED421653 AB - This bulletin provides information on the occupational outlook for education and social service occupations and clergy. For each occupation, these components are described: occupation title(s); Dictionary of Occupational Titles numbers; significant points; nature of the work; working conditions; employment; training, other qualifications, and advancement; job outlook; earnings; related occupations; and sources of additional information. These occupations are addressed in alphabetical order: adult education teachers; archivists and curators; college and university faculty; counselors; education administrators; librarians; library technicians; preschool teachers and child-care workers; recreation workers; school teachers--kindergarten, elementary, and secondary; social and human service assistants; social workers; special education teachers; teacher aides; and clergy, including Protestant ministers, rabbis, and Roman Catholic priests. (YLB) Y1 - 1998/02// PY - 1998 DA - February 1998 SP - 41 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. ($3.50). SN - 0160493560 KW - Archivists KW - Curators KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Special Education Teachers KW - Hospitality Occupations KW - Librarians KW - Salaries KW - Educational Administration KW - Child Caregivers KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Higher Education KW - Elementary School Teachers KW - Secondary School Teachers KW - Employment Qualifications KW - Occupational Information KW - Teacher Aides KW - Adult Educators KW - Clergy KW - Career Education KW - Teachers KW - Work Environment KW - Clerical Occupations KW - Preschool Teachers KW - Administrators KW - Social Workers KW - Counselors KW - Employment Opportunities KW - Teacher Education KW - Library Education KW - Secondary Education KW - College Faculty KW - Library Technicians KW - Human Services KW - Recreation KW - Social Services KW - Wages KW - Labor Market KW - Occupations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62440170?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Reprinted from the Occupational Outlook Handbook, N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biological effects of low-level exposures: a perspective from U.S. EPA scientists. AN - 21272640; 11702146 AB - Biological effects of low-level exposures (BELLE) may be very important in characterizing the potential health risks of environmental pollutants. Before some features of BELLE, such as effects that may be modulated by adaptive or defense mechanisms, can be taken into greater consideration in U.S. Environmental Protection Agency risk assessments, however adequate information on a toxicant's mode of action and answers to other questions are needed. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Davis, J M AU - Farland, W H AD - National Center for Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA., davis.jmichael@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 1998/02// PY - 1998 DA - Feb 1998 SP - 379 EP - 381 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 106 IS - Suppl 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - EPA KW - USA KW - biological effects KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - R2 23050:Environment KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21272640?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Biological+effects+of+low-level+exposures%3A+a+perspective+from+U.S.+EPA+scientists.&rft.au=Davis%2C+J+M%3BFarland%2C+W+H&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1998-02-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=Suppl+1&rft.spage=379&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; EPA; biological effects; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nonlinearity of radiation health effects. AN - 21268019; 11703724 AB - The prime concern of radiation protection policy since 1959 has been to protect DNA from damage. In 1994 the United Nations Scientific Community on the Effects of Atomic Radiation focused on biosystem response to radiation with its report Adaptive Responses to Radiation of Cells and Organisms. The 1995 National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements report Principles and Application of Collective Dose in Radiation Protection states that because no human data provides direct support for the linear nonthreshold hypothesis (LNT), confidence in LNT is based on the biophysical concept that the passage of a single charged particle could cause damage to DNA that would result in cancer. Several statistically significant epidemiologic studies contradict the validity of this concept by showing risk decrements, i.e., hormesis, of cancer mortality and mortality from all causes in populations exposed to low-dose radiation. Unrepaired low-dose radiation damage to DNA is negligible compared to metabolic damage. The DNA damage-control biosystem is physiologically operative on both metabolic and radiation damage and effected predominantly by free radicals. The DNA damage-control biosystem is suppressed by high dose and stimulated by low-dose radiation. The hormetic effect of low-dose radiation may be explained by its increase of biosystem efficiency. Improved DNA damage control reduces persistent mis- or unrepaired DNA damage i.e., the number of mutations that accumulate during a lifetime. This progressive accumulation of gene mutations in stem cells is associated with decreasing DNA damage control, aging, and malignancy. Recognition of the positive health effects produced by adaptive responses to low-dose radiation would result in a realistic assessment of the environmental risk of radiation. Images Figure 1 Figure 3 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 8 Figure 10 JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Pollycove, M AD - U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Rockville, MD 20852, USA, mxp@nrc.gov Y1 - 1998/02// PY - 1998 DA - Feb 1998 SP - 363 EP - 368 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 106 IS - Suppl 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Mortality KW - Efficiency KW - stem cells KW - councils KW - Physiology KW - DNA KW - United Nations KW - Particulates KW - Mutation KW - Cancer KW - aging KW - ENA 13:Population Planning & Control KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21268019?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Nonlinearity+of+radiation+health+effects.&rft.au=Pollycove%2C+M&rft.aulast=Pollycove&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1998-02-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=Suppl+1&rft.spage=363&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mortality; Efficiency; stem cells; Physiology; councils; DNA; Particulates; United Nations; Mutation; Cancer; aging ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hormesis as a biological hypothesis. AN - 21263493; 11703723 AB - A comprehensive effort was undertaken to identify articles demonstrating chemical hormesis. Nearly 4000 potentially relevant articles were retrieved from preliminary computer database searches by using various key word descriptors and extensive cross-referencing. A priori evaluation criteria were established including study design features (e.g., number of doses, dose range), statistical analysis, and reproducibility of results. Evidence of chemical hormesis was judged to have occurred in approximately 350 of the 4000 studies evaluated. Chemical hormesis was observed in a wide range of taxonomic groups and involved agents representing highly diverse chemical classes, many of potential environmental relevance. Numerous biological end points were assessed; growth responses were the most prevalent, followed by metabolic effects, longevity, reproductive responses, and survival. Hormetic responses were generally observed to be of limited magnitude. The average low-dose maximum stimulation was approximately 50% greater than controls. The hormetic dose-response range was generally limited to about one order of magnitude, with the upper end of the hormetic curve approaching the estimated no observable effect level for the particular end point. Based on the evaluation criteria, high to moderate evidence of hormesis was observed in studies comprised of > 6 doses; with > 3 doses in the hormetic zone. The present analysis suggests that chemical hormesis is a reproducible and relatively common biological phenomenon. A quantitative scheme is presented for future application to the database. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Calabrese, E J AU - Baldwin, L A AD - Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Massachusetts, Amherst 01003, USA, edwardc@schoolph.umass.edu Y1 - 1998/02// PY - 1998 DA - Feb 1998 SP - 357 EP - 362 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 106 IS - Suppl 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Dose-response effects KW - taxonomy KW - longevity KW - survival KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21263493?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Hormesis+as+a+biological+hypothesis.&rft.au=Calabrese%2C+E+J%3BBaldwin%2C+L+A&rft.aulast=Calabrese&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1998-02-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=Suppl+1&rft.spage=357&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Dose-response effects; taxonomy; survival; longevity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In vitro techniques for the assessment of neurotoxicity. AN - 21262698; 11702142 AB - Risk assessment is a process often divided into the following steps: a) hazard identification, b) dose-response assessment, c) exposure assessment, and d) risk characterization. Regulatory toxicity studies usually are aimed at providing data for the first two steps. Human case reports, environmental research, and in vitro studies may also be used to identify or to further characterize a toxic hazard. In this report the strengths and limitations of in vitro techniques are discussed in light of their usefulness to identify neurotoxic hazards, as well as for the subsequent dose-response assessment. Because of the complexity of the nervous system, multiple functions of individual cells, and our limited knowledge of biochemical processes involved in neurotoxicity, it is not known how well any in vitro system would recapitulate the in vivo system. Thus, it would be difficult to design an in vitro test battery to replace in vivo test systems. In vitro systems are well suited to the study of biological processes in a more isolated context and have been most successfully used to elucidate mechanisms of toxicity, identify target cells of neurotoxicity, and delineate the development and intricate cellular changes induced by neurotoxicants. Both biochemical and morphological end points can be used, but many of the end points used can be altered by pharmacological actions as well as toxicity. Therefore, for many of these end points it is difficult or impossible to set a criterion that allows one to differentiate between a pharmacological and a neurotoxic effect. For the process of risk assessment such a discrimination is central. Therefore, end points used to determine potential neurotoxicity of a compound have to be carefully selected and evaluated with respect to their potential to discriminate between an adverse neurotoxic effect and a pharmacologic effect. It is obvious that for in vitro neurotoxicity studies the primary end points that can be used are those affected through specific mechanisms of neurotoxicity. For example, in vitro systems may be useful for certain structurally defined compounds and mechanisms of toxicity, such as organophosphorus compounds and delayed neuropathy, for which target cells and the biochemical processes involved in the neurotoxicity are well known. For other compounds and the different types of neurotoxicity, a mechanism of toxicity needs to be identified first. Once identified, by either in vivo or in vitro methods, a system can be developed to detect and to evaluate predictive ability for the type of in vivo neurotoxicity produced. Therefore, in vitro tests have their greatest potential in providing information on basic mechanistic processes in order to refine specific experimental questions to be addressed in the whole animal. Images Figure 1 JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Harry, G J AU - Billingsley, M AU - Bruinink, A AU - Campbell, I L AU - Classen, W AU - Dorman, D C AU - Galli, C AU - Ray, D AU - Smith, R A AU - Tilson, H A AD - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA., harry@niehs.nih.gov Y1 - 1998/02// PY - 1998 DA - Feb 1998 SP - 131 EP - 158 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 106 IS - Suppl 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - discrimination KW - Data processing KW - Organophosphorus compounds KW - Biochemistry KW - Toxicity KW - Nervous system KW - Case reports KW - Dose-response effects KW - Neurotoxicity KW - Neuropathy KW - N3 11028:Neuropharmacology & toxicology KW - R2 23050:Environment KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21262698?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=In+vitro+techniques+for+the+assessment+of+neurotoxicity.&rft.au=Harry%2C+G+J%3BBillingsley%2C+M%3BBruinink%2C+A%3BCampbell%2C+I+L%3BClassen%2C+W%3BDorman%2C+D+C%3BGalli%2C+C%3BRay%2C+D%3BSmith%2C+R+A%3BTilson%2C+H+A&rft.aulast=Harry&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1998-02-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=Suppl+1&rft.spage=131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Nervous system; Organophosphorus compounds; Data processing; Case reports; Neurotoxicity; Neuropathy; discrimination; Biochemistry; Dose-response effects; Toxicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The U.S. National Toxicology Program evaluation of transgenic mice as predictive models for identifying carcinogens. AN - 21261696; 11702147 AB - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences researchers have invested considerable effort in exploring the utility of transgenic mice to detect carcinogens and study mechanisms of carcinogenesis. Work has assessed several mouse models genetically altered to enhance their expression of chemically induced tumors. Results with the p53def (hemizygous for the tumor-suppressor gene) and the Tg.AC (carrier of an activated H-ras oncogene) mice have been used as a basis for a proposed new strategy for identifying chemical carcinogens and assessing risk. The U.S. National Toxicology Program is conducting a series of studies with these two transgenic strains to further examine their strengths and weaknesses for identification of documented rodent and human carcinogens and to explore their ability to provide information concerning the effective dosimetry for target organ mutation. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Eastin, W C AD - Experimental Toxicology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA., eastin@niehs.nih.gov Y1 - 1998/02// PY - 1998 DA - Feb 1998 SP - 81 EP - 84 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 106 IS - Suppl 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Tumor suppressor genes KW - H-Ras protein KW - Dosimetry KW - Animal models KW - Environmental health KW - Mice KW - tumors KW - Carcinogens KW - Tumors KW - Transgenic mice KW - Organs KW - USA KW - Oncogenes KW - Carcinogenesis KW - Mutation KW - Toxicology KW - rodents KW - W 30925:Genetic Engineering KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - X 24300:Methods KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21261696?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+U.S.+National+Toxicology+Program+evaluation+of+transgenic+mice+as+predictive+models+for+identifying+carcinogens.&rft.au=Eastin%2C+W+C&rft.aulast=Eastin&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1998-02-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=Suppl+1&rft.spage=81&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Tumor suppressor genes; Oncogenes; H-Ras protein; Dosimetry; Carcinogenesis; Animal models; Tumors; Carcinogens; Transgenic mice; Mutation; Environmental health; tumors; Mice; Organs; rodents; Toxicology; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stepping backward to improve assessment of PCB congener toxicities. AN - 21261675; 11702144 AB - Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are ubiquitous global contaminants that have been intensively investigated for three decades. They are broad-acting toxicants occurring in complex mixtures and accurate risk assessment has proven to be elusive. Focusing on a limited set of end points and emphasizing a fixed set of congeners have led to more streamlined data sets that are meant to expedite hazard characterization and risk assessment for the most potent congeners--aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonists. Unfortunately, this has made it impossible to confirm or deny significant contributions from the more prevalent components of the mixtures. PCBs may be only coincidentally present, rather than causal, in some diseases. Still, attempts to determine associations with incomplete residue data may lead to erroneous conclusions and make accurate risk assessment even more elusive. Responses not mediated through the AhR are presented and emphasize large data gaps. Dissimilar analytical reports emphasize that selection of analytes is not consistent. Collectively, these data confirm that AhR-focused objectives unintentionally created the impression that nonplanar PCBs have little if any potential for hazards to humans and wildlife. Near steady-state exposure of healthy adults are probably of minor consequence except for emerging correlations with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma; however, pulses of exposure to more labile mixtures may contribute to developmental effects without leaving a residue record. More broadly based criteria are suggested and harmonization of data collection and presentation are desirable. A more comprehensive list of PCB congeners is proposed that would provide more adequate data upon which to base associations with adverse outcomes. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Hansen, L G AD - Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61802, USA., lhansen@cvm.uiuc.edu Y1 - 1998/02// PY - 1998 DA - Feb 1998 SP - 171 EP - 189 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 106 IS - Suppl 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - non-Hodgkin's lymphoma KW - Risk assessment KW - Toxicants KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - Hazards KW - Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma KW - Assessments KW - Pollutants KW - Exposure KW - Congeners KW - PCB compounds KW - PCB KW - Data Collections KW - Data collection KW - Data processing KW - Residues KW - Hydrocarbons KW - Wildlife KW - Receptors KW - Toxicity KW - Data collections KW - Risk KW - polychlorinated biphenyls KW - Contaminants KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21261675?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Stepping+backward+to+improve+assessment+of+PCB+congener+toxicities.&rft.au=Hansen%2C+L+G&rft.aulast=Hansen&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1998-02-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=Suppl+1&rft.spage=171&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hazards; Toxicants; Receptors; Data collections; PCB; Risk assessment; Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma; Data processing; polychlorinated biphenyls; Hydrocarbons; Wildlife; Congeners; Toxicity; Contaminants; non-Hodgkin's lymphoma; Data collection; Residues; PCB compounds; Risk; Pollutants; Assessments; Exposure; Polychlorinated Biphenyls; Data Collections ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rodent models of cardiopulmonary disease: their potential applicability in studies of air pollutant susceptibility. AN - 21260670; 11703720 AB - The mechanisms by which increased mortality and morbidity occur in individuals with preexistent cardiopulmonary disease following acute episodes of air pollution are unknown. Studies involving air pollution effects on animal models of human cardiopulmonary diseases are both infrequent and difficult to interpret. Such models are, however, extensively used in studies of disease pathogenesis. Primarily they comprise those developed by genetic, pharmacologic, or surgical manipulations of the cardiopulmonary system. This review attempts a comprehensive description of rodent cardiopulmonary disease models in the context of their potential application to susceptibility studies of air pollutants regardless of whether the models have been previously used for such studies. The pulmonary disease models include bronchitis, emphysema, asthma/allergy, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, interstitial fibrosis, and infection. The models of systemic hypertension and congestive heart failure include: those derived by genetics (spontaneously hypertensive, Dahl S. renin transgenic, and other rodent models); congestive heart failure models derived by surgical manipulations; viral myocarditis; and cardiomyopathy induced by adriamycin. The characteristic pathogenic features critical to understanding the susceptibility to inhaled toxicants are described. It is anticipated that this review will provide a ready reference for the selection of appropriate rodent models of cardiopulmonary diseases and identify not only their pathobiologic similarities and/or differences to humans but also their potential usefulness in susceptibility studies. Images Figure 2 JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Kodavanti, U P AU - Costa, D L AU - Bromberg, P A AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA., kodavanti.urmila@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 1998/02// PY - 1998 DA - Feb 1998 SP - 111 EP - 130 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 106 IS - Suppl 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Toxicants KW - Fibrosis KW - Animal models KW - Respiratory diseases KW - Allergies KW - surgery KW - Morbidity KW - Cardiomyopathy KW - Hypersensitivity KW - Pollutants KW - infection KW - Myocarditis KW - Bronchitis KW - chronic obstructive pulmonary disease KW - Heart diseases KW - Renin KW - Mortality KW - Emphysema KW - Lung diseases KW - Asthma KW - congestive heart failure KW - Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease KW - Air pollution KW - Reviews KW - hypertension KW - Chronic infection KW - Air pollution effects KW - rodents KW - Hypertension KW - V 22410:Animal Diseases KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21260670?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Humboldt+Journal+of+Social+Relations&rft.atitle=Economic+Development%2C+Asian+Values+and+the+Political+Ordering+of+Contemporary+Singapore&rft.au=Martin-Jones%2C+David&rft.aulast=Martin-Jones&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=121&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Humboldt+Journal+of+Social+Relations&rft.issn=01604341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Renin; Emphysema; Mortality; Toxicants; Fibrosis; Lung diseases; Animal models; Asthma; congestive heart failure; Morbidity; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Air pollution; Cardiomyopathy; Hypersensitivity; Pollutants; Chronic infection; Bronchitis; Myocarditis; Hypertension; Heart diseases; Respiratory diseases; Allergies; surgery; Reviews; hypertension; infection; Air pollution effects; rodents; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental signaling: a biological context for endocrine disruption. AN - 21259516; 11703721 AB - Endogenous and exogenous chemical signals have evolved as a means for organisms to respond to physical or biological stimuli in the environment. Sensitivity to these signals can make organisms vulnerable to inadvertent signals from xenobiotics. In this review we discuss how various chemicals can interact with steroid-like signaling pathways, especially estrogen. Numerous compounds have estrogenic activity, including steroids, phytoestrogens, and synthetic chemicals. We compare bioavailability, metabolism, interaction with receptors, and interaction with cell-signaling pathways among these three structurally diverse groups in order to understand how these chemicals influence physiological responses. Based on their mechanisms of action, chemical steroid mimics could plausibly be associated with recent adverse health trends in humans and animals. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Cheek, A O AU - Vonier, P M AU - Oberdorster, E AU - Burow, B C AU - McLachlan, J A AD - Tulane-Xavier Center for Bioenvironmental Research, New Orleans, LA, USA. Y1 - 1998/02// PY - 1998 DA - Feb 1998 SP - 5 EP - 10 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 106 IS - Suppl 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Sensitivity KW - Bioavailability KW - endocrine disruptors KW - Reviews KW - Physiological responses KW - vulnerability KW - steroids KW - Metabolism KW - estrogens KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21259516?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Environmental+signaling%3A+a+biological+context+for+endocrine+disruption.&rft.au=Cheek%2C+A+O%3BVonier%2C+P+M%3BOberdorster%2C+E%3BBurow%2C+B+C%3BMcLachlan%2C+J+A&rft.aulast=Cheek&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1998-02-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=Suppl+1&rft.spage=5&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bioavailability; Sensitivity; endocrine disruptors; Reviews; Physiological responses; vulnerability; steroids; Metabolism; estrogens ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Health impacts of climate change and ozone depletion: an ecoepidemiologic modeling approach. AN - 21259288; 11703722 AB - Anthropogenic climate changes and stratospheric ozone depletion affect human health in various ways. Current mainstream epidemiologic research methods do not appear well adapted to analyze these health impacts, which involve complex systems influenced by human interventions or simpler processes that will take place in the future. This paper discusses a different paradigm for studying the health impacts of global environmental changes and focuses on the development of integrated ecoepidemiologic models using three examples--the effect of climate change on vector-borne diseases, the effect of climate change on thermal-related mortality, and the effects of increasing ultraviolet levels because of ozone depletion on the rates of skin cancer. Images Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 7 Figure 8 JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Martens, W J AD - Maastricht University, Department of Mathematics, The Netherlands, p.martens@math.unimaas.nl Y1 - 1998/02// PY - 1998 DA - Feb 1998 SP - 241 EP - 251 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 106 IS - Suppl 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Mortality KW - Skin KW - anthropogenic factors KW - research methods KW - intervention KW - Climatic changes KW - environmental changes KW - Stratosphere KW - Cancer KW - Ozone KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21259288?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Health+impacts+of+climate+change+and+ozone+depletion%3A+an+ecoepidemiologic+modeling+approach.&rft.au=Martens%2C+W+J&rft.aulast=Martens&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1998-02-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=Suppl+1&rft.spage=241&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mortality; Skin; research methods; anthropogenic factors; intervention; Climatic changes; environmental changes; Stratosphere; Cancer; Ozone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of oxidative stress in chemical carcinogenesis. AN - 21253911; 11702148 AB - Oxidative stress results when the balance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) overrides the antioxidant capability of the target cell; oxidative damage from the interaction of reactive oxygen with critical cellular macromolecules may occur. ROS may interact with and modify cellular protein, lipid, and DNA, which results in altered target cell function. The accumulation of oxidative damage has been implicated in both acute and chronic cell injury including possible participation in the formation of cancer. Acute oxidative injury may produce selective cell death and a compensatory increase in cell proliferation. This stimulus may result in the formation of newly initiated preneoplastic cells and/or enhance the selective clonal expansion of latent initiated preneoplastic cells. Similarly, sublethal acute oxidative injury may produce unrepaired DNA damage and result in the formation of new mutations and, potentially, new initiated cells. In contrast, sustained chronic oxidative injury may lead to a nonlethal modification of normal cellular growth control mechanisms. Cellular oxidative stress can modify intercellular communication, protein kinase activity, membrane structure and function, and gene expression, and result in modulation of cell growth. We examined the role of oxidative stress as a possible mechanism by which nongenotoxic carcinogens may function. In studies with the selective mouse liver carcinogen dieldrin, a species-specific and dose-dependent decrease in liver antioxidant concentrations with a concomitant increase in ROS formation and oxidative damage was seen. This increase in oxidative stress correlated with an increase in hepatocyte DNA synthesis. Antioxidant supplementation prevented the dieldrin-induced cellular changes. Our findings suggest that the effect of nongenotoxic carcinogens (if they function through oxidative mechanisms) may be amplified in rodents but not in primates because of rodents' greater sensitivity to ROS. These results and findings reported by others support a potential role for oxidative-induced injury in the cancer process specifically during the promotion stage. Images Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 9 JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Klaunig, J E AU - Xu, Y AU - Isenberg, J S AU - Bachowski, S AU - Kolaja, K L AU - Jiang, J AU - Stevenson, D E AU - Walborg, E F AD - Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis 46202, USA., jklauni@indyuax.iupui.edu Y1 - 1998/02// PY - 1998 DA - Feb 1998 SP - 289 EP - 295 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 106 IS - Suppl 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Oxygen KW - Antioxidants KW - Injuries KW - DNA KW - Liver KW - Carcinogens KW - oxidative stress KW - Cancer KW - rodents KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21253911?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+role+of+oxidative+stress+in+chemical+carcinogenesis.&rft.au=Klaunig%2C+J+E%3BXu%2C+Y%3BIsenberg%2C+J+S%3BBachowski%2C+S%3BKolaja%2C+K+L%3BJiang%2C+J%3BStevenson%2C+D+E%3BWalborg%2C+E+F&rft.aulast=Klaunig&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1998-02-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=Suppl+1&rft.spage=289&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Oxygen; Antioxidants; Injuries; Liver; DNA; Carcinogens; rodents; Cancer; oxidative stress ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integrated defense system overlaps as a disease model: with examples for multiple chemical sensitivity. AN - 21250955; 11704958 AB - The central nervous, immune, and endocrine systems communicate through multiple common messengers. Over evolutionary time, what may be termed integrated defense system(s) (IDS) have developed to coordinate these communications for specific contexts; these include the stress response, acute-phase response, nonspecific immune response, immune response to antigen, kindling, tolerance, time-dependent sensitization, neurogenic switching, and traumatic dissociation (TD). These IDSs are described and their overlap is examined. Three models of disease production are generated: damage, in which IDSs function incorrectly; inadequate/inappropriate, in which IDS response is outstripped by a changing context; and evolving/learning, in which the IDS learned response to a context is deemed pathologic. Mechanisms of multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) are developed from several IDS disease models. Model 1A is pesticide damage to the central nervous system, overlapping with body chemical burdens, TD, and chronic zinc deficiency; model 1B is benzene disruption of interleukin-1, overlapping with childhood developmental windows and hapten-antigenic spreading; and model 1C is autoimmunity to immunoglobulin-G (IgG), overlapping with spreading to other IgG-inducers, sudden spreading of inciters, and food-contaminating chemicals. Model 2A is chemical and stress overload, including comparison with the susceptibility/sensitization/triggering/spreading model; model 2B is genetic mercury allergy, overlapping with: heavy metals/zinc displacement and childhood/gestational mercury exposures; and model 3 is MCS as evolution and learning. Remarks are offered on current MCS research. Problems with clinical measurement are suggested on the basis of IDS models. Large-sample patient self-report epidemiology is described as an alternative or addition to clinical biomarker and animal testing. Images Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Rowat, S C AD - Grantham's Landing, British Columbia, Canada., steven_rowat@sunshine.net Y1 - 1998/02// PY - 1998 DA - Feb 1998 SP - 85 EP - 109 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 106 IS - Suppl 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Central nervous system KW - Spreading KW - Heavy metals KW - Food KW - Interleukin 1 KW - Communication KW - Autoimmunity KW - Kindling KW - Allergies KW - Benzene KW - Multiple chemical sensitivity KW - Hypersensitivity KW - Zinc KW - Endocrine system KW - heavy metals KW - Bioindicators KW - Sensitivity KW - Learning KW - Stress KW - Intrauterine exposure KW - Children KW - Immunological tolerance KW - biomarkers KW - Nutrient deficiency KW - Communications KW - Epidemiology KW - Pesticides KW - Immunoglobulin G KW - Mercury KW - Immune response KW - Evolution KW - A 01380:Plant Protection, Fungicides & Seed Treatments KW - ENA 09:Land Use & Planning KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21250955?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Integrated+defense+system+overlaps+as+a+disease+model%3A+with+examples+for+multiple+chemical+sensitivity.&rft.au=Rowat%2C+S+C&rft.aulast=Rowat&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1998-02-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=Suppl+1&rft.spage=85&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Central nervous system; Spreading; Heavy metals; Food; Interleukin 1; Communication; Kindling; Autoimmunity; Benzene; Multiple chemical sensitivity; Hypersensitivity; Zinc; Endocrine system; Learning; Stress; Intrauterine exposure; Children; biomarkers; Immunological tolerance; Nutrient deficiency; Epidemiology; Pesticides; Immunoglobulin G; Mercury; Immune response; Evolution; Bioindicators; Sensitivity; Allergies; Communications; heavy metals ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effects of exposure duration and feeding status on fish bile metabolites: Implications for biomonitoring AN - 16526527; 4367988 AB - Biliary metabolites of 2-chlorosyringaldehyde (2-CSA), the major chlorinated phenol found in chlorine dioxide bleached eucalypt pulp effluent, have been found to be sensitive biomarkers of effluent exposure in the sand flathead (Platycephalus bassensis). Before this method of biomonitoring can be applied in the field, the influences of exposure duration, depuration time, and fish feeding status on the level of this metabolite should be determined. In this study, sand flathead were exposed to a measured concentration of 0.3 mu g/l of 2-CSA for 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, or 16 days. Fish previously exposed to 2-CSA were then held in sea-water alone for 1, 2, 3, 4, or 6 days. Fish were fed ad libitum throughout the experiment, and the fullness of the fish's stomach at the time of sampling was noted. There were no effects of exposure on biotransformation enzyme activities, either between exposure times or between the exposure and depuration periods. The major metabolite of 2-CSA, 2-chloro-4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzylalcohol (2-CB-OH), was first detected in the bile of some fish sampled after 24 h of exposure, and the mean concentration of 2-CB-OH in the bile increased over the exposure period. The mean concentration ( plus or minus SE) of 2-CB-OH in the bile was strongly influenced by fish feeding status, being 94 plus or minus 18 ng/ml bile in fish with empty stomachs and undetectable in fish with full stomachs. Bile volume was also influenced by fish feeding status, being greatest in fish with empty stomachs at the time of sampling. Results indicate that the feeding status of fish should be taken into consideration when using biliary metabolites as biomarkers of effluent exposure in the field, and methods to establish this are discussed. JF - Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety AU - Brumley, C M AU - Haritos, V S AU - Ahokas, J T AU - Holdway, DA AD - Environment Protection Authority, GPO Box 4395QQ, Melbourne, 3001 Australia Y1 - 1998/02// PY - 1998 DA - Feb 1998 SP - 147 EP - 153 VL - 39 IS - 2 SN - 0147-6513, 0147-6513 KW - 2-chlorosyrinaldehyde KW - Cliff flathead KW - Platycephalus bassensis KW - bile KW - Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Pollution effects KW - Metabolites KW - Paper industry wastes KW - Bioindicators KW - Feeding KW - Pulp mills KW - Enzymes KW - Water pollution KW - Chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Pulp wastes KW - Bile KW - Fish KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - X 24153:Metabolism KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16526527?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecotoxicology+and+Environmental+Safety&rft.atitle=The+effects+of+exposure+duration+and+feeding+status+on+fish+bile+metabolites%3A+Implications+for+biomonitoring&rft.au=Brumley%2C+C+M%3BHaritos%2C+V+S%3BAhokas%2C+J+T%3BHoldway%2C+DA&rft.aulast=Brumley&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1998-02-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=147&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecotoxicology+and+Environmental+Safety&rft.issn=01476513&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bioindicators; Feeding; Pulp wastes; Bile; Enzymes; Pollution effects; Fish; Metabolites; Chlorinated hydrocarbons; Water pollution; Pulp mills; Paper industry wastes; Platycephalus bassensis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of appendages and small currents on the hydrodynamic heave damping of TLP columns AN - 16525899; 4348655 AB - A previous paper by the authors reported on the estimation of resonant heave (springing) damping of tension leg platforms (TLPs) and a method of scaling for full-scale prototypes. The present paper is a sequel to this work, and examines the effect of adding an appendage in the form of a disk to TLP columns, and the influence of a small uniform current. Model tests conducted on a cylinder + disk in heave show that the heave damping induced by the disk is linear with the amplitude of oscillation. The disk is found to increase the form drag coefficient twofold, in accordance with published results based on isolated edge theory. The effects of a small uniform current were also examined during the model tests. Results show an increase in heave damping ratio that is linear with the current velocity. In the presence of a disk, the damping induced by the current is doubled as well. Scaling laws are proposed in this paper that enable extrapolation of heave damping due to appendages and small currents to full scale. An example calculation shows that for a full-scale TLP column, the heave damping is increased by about 300 percent due to addition of the disk, and by 87 percent due to a small current. The combination of the disk and the current increases the heave damping of the column by a factor of six. JF - Transactions of the ASME. Journal of Offshore Mechanics and Arctic AU - Thiagarajan, K P AU - Troesch, A W AD - Cent. for Oil & Gas Eng., Univ. Western Australia and Australian Maritime Eng. CRC Ltd., GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845 Y1 - 1998/02// PY - 1998 DA - Feb 1998 SP - 37 EP - 42 VL - 120 IS - 1 SN - 0892-7219, 0892-7219 KW - heave resonance KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Marine KW - Hydrodynamics KW - Current forces KW - Offshore structures KW - Structural analysis KW - Tension leg platforms KW - Q2 09322:Drilling and production rigs KW - H 15000:Civil/Structural Engineering KW - O 6020:Offshore Engineering and Operations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16525899?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+ASME.+Journal+of+Offshore+Mechanics+and+Arctic&rft.atitle=Effects+of+appendages+and+small+currents+on+the+hydrodynamic+heave+damping+of+TLP+columns&rft.au=Thiagarajan%2C+K+P%3BTroesch%2C+A+W&rft.aulast=Thiagarajan&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1998-02-01&rft.volume=120&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=37&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+ASME.+Journal+of+Offshore+Mechanics+and+Arctic&rft.issn=08927219&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Current forces; Hydrodynamics; Structural analysis; Offshore structures; Tension leg platforms; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Culture of chondrocytes in alginate gel: Variations in conditions of gelation influence the structure of the alginate gel, and the arrangement and morphology of proliferating chondrocytes AN - 16508644; 4415078 AB - Sodium alginate, which gels in the presence of calcium ions, is commonly used for culture of anchorage-independent cells, such as chondrocytes. Normally, the gel appears microscopically homogeneous but, depending on the conditions of gelation, it may contain a varying number of small channels that extend inward from the surface. We have examined the influence of these channels on the morphology of cultured chondrocytes entrapped in alginate beads. Growth-plate or articular chondrocytes cultured in alginate normally proliferate and form rounded cell clusters but, in alginate beads containing numerous channels, many chondrocytes become aligned and form columns similar to those in the growth plate in vivo. As the pattern of cellular growth and morphology in alginate is profoundly influenced by the presence of channels in the gel, further studies were conducted to determine what specific conditions of gelation affect their formation. The channels are especially numerous when both the alginate and the gelling solutions lack sodium ions or other monovalent cations. The channels are cavities in the gel formed by particulate blocking of the rapid diffusion of calcium ions from the gelling solution into the boundary of the calcium alginate solution, and hence they extend inward from cells at the surface of the alginate gel. An understanding of the conditions under which these channels develop makes it possible either to avoid their formation or, alternatively, to enhance the number of channels in order to encourage proliferating cells to grow in radial columns, rather than in a less organized pattern characteristic of most culture systems. JF - In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Animal AU - Aydelotte, M B AU - Thonar, EJ-MA AU - Mollenhauer, J AU - Flechtenmacher, J AD - Deps. Biochem. and Intern. Med., Rush Med. Coll. at Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Med. Cent., 1653 West Congress Pkwy., Chicago, IL 60612, USA Y1 - 1998/02// PY - 1998 DA - Feb 1998 SP - 123 EP - 130 VL - 34 IS - 2 SN - 1071-2690, 1071-2690 KW - alginate KW - chondrocytes KW - tissue culture KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W3 33220:Cell culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16508644?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=In+Vitro+Cellular+%26+Developmental+Biology+-+Animal&rft.atitle=Culture+of+chondrocytes+in+alginate+gel%3A+Variations+in+conditions+of+gelation+influence+the+structure+of+the+alginate+gel%2C+and+the+arrangement+and+morphology+of+proliferating+chondrocytes&rft.au=Aydelotte%2C+M+B%3BThonar%2C+EJ-MA%3BMollenhauer%2C+J%3BFlechtenmacher%2C+J&rft.aulast=Aydelotte&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1998-02-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=123&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=In+Vitro+Cellular+%26+Developmental+Biology+-+Animal&rft.issn=10712690&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seasonal dynamics and variation among sheep in densities of the sheep biting louse, Bovicola ovis AN - 16416423; 4321262 AB - Cyclic patterns and variations among sheep in numbers of Bovicola ovis are described in Polypay and Columbia ewes that were initially infested with equal numbers of lice and penned indoors continuously for 2 years. Bovicola ovis populations were censused at 3-4-week intervals at 69 body sites on each animal. In the second year of the study, the ewes were reinfested and half were mated. Louse populations were monitored on the resulting lambs from birth until 25 weeks of age. Strong seasonal cycles in louse numbers were observed on the ewes, with peaks in spring and troughs in summer. These cycles occurred in the absence of shearing, direct solar radiation or rainfall. Populations began to decline when daily mean and maximum temperatures were 11.5 degree C and 15 degree C, respectively, well below temperatures thought to cause warm season decline. Louse densities on Polypay ewes were approximately 10 times higher than on Columbias at most inspections. There were also large differences among sheep within breeds and sheep counts were highly correlated among dates, both within and between years. One third of the ewes failed to become infested despite having lice applied on five separate occasions and being penned together with other infested sheep. Pregnancy and lactation did not significantly affect louse numbers on the ewes. There was a significant negative correlation between louse counts and weight gains in the lambs, and lamb counts were significantly correlated with those of their dams up until, but not after, weaning. It is suggested that sheep may exert regulatory influences on lice which contribute to cycles in B. ovis populations. JF - International Journal for Parasitology AU - James, P J AU - Moon, R D AU - Brown AD - South Australian Res. and Dev. Inst., GPO Box 397, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia Y1 - 1998/02// PY - 1998 DA - Feb 1998 SP - 283 EP - 292 VL - 28 IS - 2 SN - 0020-7519, 0020-7519 KW - Mallophaga KW - population density KW - population dynamics KW - seasonal variations KW - Ecology Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - Z 05202:Parasitism: non-entomophagous KW - D 04659:Insects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16416423?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+for+Parasitology&rft.atitle=Seasonal+dynamics+and+variation+among+sheep+in+densities+of+the+sheep+biting+louse%2C+Bovicola+ovis&rft.au=James%2C+P+J%3BMoon%2C+R+D%3BBrown&rft.aulast=James&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1998-02-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=283&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+for+Parasitology&rft.issn=00207519&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effect of wildfire on runoff and erosion in native Eucalyptus forest AN - 16377748; 4292616 AB - Wildfires raise concerns over the risk of accelerated erosion as a result of increased overland flow and decreased protection of the soil by litter and ground vegetation cover. We investigated these issues following the 1994 fires that burnt large areas of native Eucalyptus forest surrounding Sydney, Australia. A review of previous studies identifies the fire and rainfall conditions that are likely to lead to increased runoff and accelerated erosion. We then compare runoff and erosion between burnt and unburnt sites for 10 months after the 1994 fires. At the scale of hillslope plots, the 1994 fire increased runoff by enhancing soil hydrophobicity, and greatly increased sediment transport, mainly through the reduced ground cover, which lowered substantially the threshold for initial sediment movement. However, both runoff and sediment transport were very localized, resulting in little runoff or sediment yield after the fire at the hillslope catchment scale. We identify that after moderately intense fires, rainfall events of greater than one year recurrence interval are required to generate substantial runoff and sediment yield. Such events did not occur during the monitoring period. Past work shows that mild burns have little effect on erosion, and it is only after the most extreme fires that erosion is produced from small, frequent storms. JF - Hydrological Processes AU - Prosser, I P AU - Williams, L AD - Cooperative Res. for Catchment Hydrol., CSIRO Div. Water Resour., GPO Box 1666, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia Y1 - 1998/02// PY - 1998 DA - Feb 1998 SP - 251 EP - 265 PB - JOHN WILEY & SONS, LTD. VL - 12 IS - 2 SN - 0885-6087, 0885-6087 KW - Risk Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - R2 23030:Natural hazards KW - SW 0835:Streamflow and runoff KW - SW 0870:Erosion and sedimentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16377748?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrological+Processes&rft.atitle=The+effect+of+wildfire+on+runoff+and+erosion+in+native+Eucalyptus+forest&rft.au=Prosser%2C+I+P%3BWilliams%2C+L&rft.aulast=Prosser&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=1998-02-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=251&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrological+Processes&rft.issn=08856087&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Involvement of bradykinin generation in intravascular dissemination of Vibrio vulnificus and prevention of invasion by a bradykinin antagonist AN - 16373342; 4270390 AB - Involvement of bradykinin generation in bacterial invasion was examined by using a gram-negative bacillus, Vibrio vulnificus, which is known to invade the blood circulatory system and cause septicemia. V. vulnificus was injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) into mice with or without bradykinin or a bradykinin (B2 receptor) antagonist. Dissemination of V. vulnificus from peritoneal septic foci to the circulating blood was assessed by counting of viable bacteria in venous blood by use of the colony-forming assay. Intravascular dissemination of V. vulnificus in mice was significantly potentiated by simultaneous injection with bradykinin but was markedly reduced by coadministration with the B2 antagonist D-Arg,[Hyp super(3), Thi super(5,8),D-Phe super(7)]-bradykinin. Furthermore, V. vulnificus lethality was significantly increased when bradykinin was administered simultaneously with the bacillus, whereas it was definitely suppressed by treatment with D-Arg,[Hyp super(3), Thi super(5,8), D-Phe super(7)]-bradykinin. Similarly, ovomacroglobulin, a potent inhibitor of the V. vulnificus protease, showed a strong suppressive effect on the V. vulnificus septicemia. We also confirmed appreciable bradykinin production in the primary septic loci in the mouse peritoneal cavity after i.p. inoculation with V. vulnificus. It is thus concluded that bradykinin generation in infectious loci is critically involved in facilitation of intravascular dissemination of V. vulnificus. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Maruo, K AU - Akaike, T AU - Ono, T AU - Maeda, H AD - Department of Microbiology, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Kumamoto 860, Japan, msmaedah@gpo.kumamoto-u.ac.jp Y1 - 1998/02// PY - 1998 DA - Feb 1998 SP - 866 EP - 869 VL - 66 IS - 2 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - bradykinin KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - J 02855:Human Bacteriology: Others UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16373342?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=Involvement+of+bradykinin+generation+in+intravascular+dissemination+of+Vibrio+vulnificus+and+prevention+of+invasion+by+a+bradykinin+antagonist&rft.au=Maruo%2C+K%3BAkaike%2C+T%3BOno%2C+T%3BMaeda%2C+H&rft.aulast=Maruo&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1998-02-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=&rft.spage=217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eurasian+studies+yearbook&rft.issn=00420786&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enzyme immunoassay for atrazine analysis in water and soil AN - 16355161; 4314510 AB - Enzyme immunoassay (EIA) has been tested for the detection of atrazine in soil and water. EIA kits and atrazine-fortified samples were received from the International Atomic Energy Agency. Atrazine concentrations of about 0.01 mu g litre super(-1) could be detected and the central detection point was found at about 0.15 mu g litre super(-1) which is a reasonably sensitive region for atrazine. A validation study with spiked local water samples yielded acceptable results. No treatment was required for water samples. Extraction of atrazine from soil was done by simple shaking with methanol without any clean-up steps. Detection limits of 1 x 10 super(-2) mu g litre super(-1) for water and 5 x 10 super(-3) mu g kg super(-1) for soil were achieved. JF - Pesticide Science AU - Amin, M R AU - Malek, MA AU - Rahman, M AU - Hoque, E AD - Inst. Food and Radiation Biol., Atomic Energy Res. Establishment, GPO Box-3787, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh Y1 - 1998/02// PY - 1998 DA - Feb 1998 SP - 152 EP - 158 PB - JOHN WILEY & SONS, LTD. VL - 52 IS - 2 SN - 0031-613X, 0031-613X KW - immunoassay KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16355161?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pesticide+Science&rft.atitle=Enzyme+immunoassay+for+atrazine+analysis+in+water+and+soil&rft.au=Amin%2C+M+R%3BMalek%2C+MA%3BRahman%2C+M%3BHoque%2C+E&rft.aulast=Amin&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1998-02-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=152&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pesticide+Science&rft.issn=0031613X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of Ozone and Other Pollutants on the Pulmonary Function of Adult Hikers AN - 14481472; 10549489 AB - The acute effects of ambient ozone and concomitant fine particulate matter and aerosol acidity exposures on pulmonary function were studied in a diverse population of healthy adults hiking on Mount Washington in the White Mountain National Forest, NH. The subjects were solicited from adults beginning a day hike on the mountain on 78 d during the summers of 1991 and 1992. Spirometry measurements, environmental exposure measurements, and diaries were used. Results showed a 2.6% decline in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV sub(1)) and a 2.2% decline in forced vital capacity for each 50 ppb increment in hikers' mean O sub(3) exposure. Adjustment for particulate matter and strong aerosol acidity concentrations did not change the observed inverse relationship between changes in FEV sub(1) and mean O sub(3) exposures, but the association was then no longer significant. The overall findings showed serious effects of mean O sub(3), particulate matter, and strong aerosol acidity on pulmonary function in this study population. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Korrick, Susan A AU - Neas, Lucas M AU - Dockery, Douglas W AU - Gold, Diane R AU - Allen, George A AU - Hill, LBruce AU - Kimball, Kenneth D Y1 - 1998/02// PY - 1998 DA - Feb 1998 SP - 93 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 106 IS - 2 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - WHITE MOUNTAINS KW - AIR POLLUTION EFFECTS KW - RECREATION, OUTDOOR, LAND KW - OZONE KW - PARTICULATES KW - ACIDITY KW - PULMONARY EFFECTS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14481472?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Effects+of+Ozone+and+Other+Pollutants+on+the+Pulmonary+Function+of+Adult+Hikers&rft.au=Korrick%2C+Susan+A%3BNeas%2C+Lucas+M%3BDockery%2C+Douglas+W%3BGold%2C+Diane+R%3BAllen%2C+George+A%3BHill%2C+LBruce%3BKimball%2C+Kenneth+D&rft.aulast=Korrick&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=1998-02-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 3 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - WHITE MOUNTAINS; AIR POLLUTION EFFECTS; ACIDITY; RECREATION, OUTDOOR, LAND; PULMONARY EFFECTS; PARTICULATES; OZONE ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Risk Assessment for the Harmful Effects of UVB Radiation on the Immunological Resistance to Infectious Diseases AN - 14481447; 10549486 AB - Results are presented from a risk assessment of the effects of UVB radiation exposure in terms of the immune system and related resistance to infections as compared to humans not exposed to increased UVB radiation levels due to ozone depletion. The methodology involved doseresponse assessment using data from studies involving rodents and humans, and exposure assessment in which exposure to UVB radiation was divided into five categories: exposure to sunlight, exposure by illumination, exposure for cosmetic reasons, exposure for therapy, and exposure in the workplace. Results showed that exposure to UVB radiation at doses relevant to outdoor exposure may affect the specific cellular immune response to Listeria monocytogenes bacteria in humans. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Goettsch, Wim AU - Garssen, Johan AU - Slob, Wout AU - de Gruijl, Frank R AU - Van Loveren, Henk Y1 - 1998/02// PY - 1998 DA - Feb 1998 SP - 71 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 106 IS - 2 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - RISK ASSESSMENT KW - ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION KW - IMMUNOSUPPRESSION KW - DISEASES AND DISORDERS KW - IMMUNE RESPONSE KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14481447?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Risk+Assessment+for+the+Harmful+Effects+of+UVB+Radiation+on+the+Immunological+Resistance+to+Infectious+Diseases&rft.au=Goettsch%2C+Wim%3BGarssen%2C+Johan%3BSlob%2C+Wout%3Bde+Gruijl%2C+Frank+R%3BVan+Loveren%2C+Henk&rft.aulast=Goettsch&rft.aufirst=Wim&rft.date=1998-02-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=71&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t diagrams N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION; IMMUNOSUPPRESSION; DISEASES AND DISORDERS; IMMUNE RESPONSE ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Models of Interaction Between Metabolic Genes and Environmental Exposure in Cancer Susceptibility AN - 14481438; 10549485 AB - When the dose of environmental exposure is analyzed with respect to genotype of a metabolic susceptibility gene, two apparent divergent patterns can be found: low-exposuregene effect, which is seen when a decreasing degree of interaction occurs as a function of exposure; and high-exposuregene effect, which occurs when there is an increased degree of interaction as a function of exposure dose. A method, involving a multiple regression model, is presented for identifying these two patterns, which is illustrated using data from a hypothetical case-control study of a metabolic gene polymorphism showing type-2 geneenvironment interaction. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Taioli, Emanuela AU - Zocchetti, Carlo AU - Garte, Seymour Y1 - 1998/02// PY - 1998 DA - Feb 1998 SP - 67 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 106 IS - 2 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES KW - CARCINOGENIC AGENTS KW - MATHEMATIC MODELS, CARCINOGENESIS KW - GENETICS, HUMAN KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14481438?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Models+of+Interaction+Between+Metabolic+Genes+and+Environmental+Exposure+in+Cancer+Susceptibility&rft.au=Taioli%2C+Emanuela%3BZocchetti%2C+Carlo%3BGarte%2C+Seymour&rft.aulast=Taioli&rft.aufirst=Emanuela&rft.date=1998-02-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t diagrams N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES; CARCINOGENIC AGENTS; MATHEMATIC MODELS, CARCINOGENESIS; GENETICS, HUMAN ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Do Large-Scale Remedial and Dredging Events Have the Potential to Release Significant Amounts of Semivolatile Compounds to the Atmosphere? AN - 14481409; 10549482 AB - The volatile loss of PCBs from wet, biodegraded sediment is reviewed, based on laboratory and field studies, and the implications for the release of PCBs when handling contaminated media are assessed. The data show that alteration of these contaminated sediments by microbial processes results in dechlorination and the production of more-mobile and bioavailable daughter products. Lower-chlorinated PCBs appear to be especially susceptible to volatile loss during co-evaporation with water. Therefore, large-scale dredging, remedial, or land-farming operations have the potential to release semivolatile compounds to the atmosphere. It is argued that volatility of semivolatile compounds should be considered in decisions regarding possible remedial intervention. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Chiarenzelli, Jeff AU - Scrudato, Ronald AU - Bush, Brian AU - Carpenter, David AU - Bushart, Sean Y1 - 1998/02// PY - 1998 DA - Feb 1998 SP - 47 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 106 IS - 2 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - DREDGE SPOIL TREATMENT KW - POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS KW - VOLATILIZATION KW - SEDIMENT KW - WASTE SITE REMEDIATION KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14481409?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Do+Large-Scale+Remedial+and+Dredging+Events+Have+the+Potential+to+Release+Significant+Amounts+of+Semivolatile+Compounds+to+the+Atmosphere%3F&rft.au=Chiarenzelli%2C+Jeff%3BScrudato%2C+Ronald%3BBush%2C+Brian%3BCarpenter%2C+David%3BBushart%2C+Sean&rft.aulast=Chiarenzelli&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft.date=1998-02-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=47&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 32 |t References N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - DREDGE SPOIL TREATMENT; VOLATILIZATION; POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS; SEDIMENT; WASTE SITE REMEDIATION ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of Interventions on Children's Blood Lead Levels AN - 14480939; 10549487 AB - As a result of the long-term operation of an active lead and zinc smelter in Trail, BC, Canada, elevated blood lead levels were found consistently in children. A comprehensive childhood Pb exposure prevention program was initiated in 1991. Using data obtained over the period 199196, the impact of the interventions on blood Pb levels was examined. The interventions included case management, public education, and community dust abatement. Analysis of the data showed no increase in the rate of decline in blood Pb levels in Trail children as a result of the interventions. The constant and gradual decline in blood Pb levels in the children from 1989 through 1996 parallels roughly a general worldwide drop in blood Pb levels observed for the period 197694. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Hilts, Steven R AU - Bock, Susan E AU - Oke, Terry L AU - Yates, Cheryl L AU - Copes, Raymond A Y1 - 1998/02// PY - 1998 DA - Feb 1998 SP - 79 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 106 IS - 2 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - MITIGATIVE MEASURES KW - BLOOD LEAD LEVEL KW - BRITISH COLUMBIA KW - ENV ACTION, NON US KW - TEMPORAL COMPARISONS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14480939?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Effect+of+Interventions+on+Children%27s+Blood+Lead+Levels&rft.au=Hilts%2C+Steven+R%3BBock%2C+Susan+E%3BOke%2C+Terry+L%3BYates%2C+Cheryl+L%3BCopes%2C+Raymond+A&rft.aulast=Hilts&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=1998-02-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=79&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - MITIGATIVE MEASURES; BLOOD LEAD LEVEL; BRITISH COLUMBIA; ENV ACTION, NON US; TEMPORAL COMPARISONS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Birth Weight and Sex of Children and the Correlation to the Body Burden of PCDDs/PCDFs and PCBs of the Mother AN - 14480910; 10549484 AB - In two areas of Finland, birth weight and sex of children were correlated to PCDD/PCDF and PCB concentrations in the breast milk of respective mothers. In addition, the personal and environmental determinants that correlated with the observed contaminant levels in breast milk were assessed. Results showed that the mean weights of children increased with the numbers of children, and the toxic equivalent values decreased. No correlations were found between the weight of the newborn and the dioxin concentrations of primiparae mothers. The most important factors affecting PCDD and PCDF concentrations in breast milk were the frequency of fish consumption and the age of the mother. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Vartiainen, Terttu AU - Jaakkola, Jouni JK AU - Saarikoski, Seppo AU - Tuomisto, Jouko Y1 - 1998/02// PY - 1998 DA - Feb 1998 SP - 61 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 106 IS - 2 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - SEX COMPARISONS KW - POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS KW - POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZODIOXINS KW - SOURCE MEASUREMENT KW - BREAST MILK KW - POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZOFURANS KW - BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN KW - REPRODUCTION, HUMAN KW - FINLAND KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14480910?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Birth+Weight+and+Sex+of+Children+and+the+Correlation+to+the+Body+Burden+of+PCDDs%2FPCDFs+and+PCBs+of+the+Mother&rft.au=Vartiainen%2C+Terttu%3BJaakkola%2C+Jouni+JK%3BSaarikoski%2C+Seppo%3BTuomisto%2C+Jouko&rft.aulast=Vartiainen&rft.aufirst=Terttu&rft.date=1998-02-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=61&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 8 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - SEX COMPARISONS; POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS; REPRODUCTION, HUMAN; SOURCE MEASUREMENT; POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZODIOXINS; BREAST MILK; FINLAND; BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN; POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZOFURANS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of Water Use for Estimating Exposure to Tap Water Contaminants AN - 14479274; 10549483 AB - Using interviews and water diaries, the exposure of pregnant women and their male partners to tap water through showering, bathing, and swimming was examined. The participants also provided information about daily water consumption and weekly consumption of cold water-based beverages that had been prepared in the home. Results showed that the participants consumed, on average, close to the NAS standard assumed intake of 2 l/d, but less than 20% was cold tap water at home. A significant amount of tap water was consumed either at work, a restaurant, or at a friend's or relative's house. Women employed part-time or less consumed the most tap water overall, but total consumption levels among sex and employment groups did not vary significantly. Women took more baths than men, and baths lasted, on average, twice as long as showers. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Shimokura, Gayle H AU - Savitz, David A AU - Symanski, Elaine Y1 - 1998/02// PY - 1998 DA - Feb 1998 SP - 55 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 106 IS - 2 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - SEX COMPARISONS KW - OCCUPATIONAL COMPARISONS KW - BEHAVIOR KW - WATER, DRINKING KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14479274?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+Water+Use+for+Estimating+Exposure+to+Tap+Water+Contaminants&rft.au=Shimokura%2C+Gayle+H%3BSavitz%2C+David+A%3BSymanski%2C+Elaine&rft.aulast=Shimokura&rft.aufirst=Gayle&rft.date=1998-02-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=55&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 5 |t Tables N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - SEX COMPARISONS; OCCUPATIONAL COMPARISONS; BEHAVIOR; WATER, DRINKING ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Northern Exposure AN - 14479256; 10549481 AB - Data are presented from the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme in a discussion of the increasing contamination levels in the Arctic environment. Contaminant pathways are identified, as well as the main contaminants of concern, which include PCBs, mercury, and cadmium. Acid rain is also a problem, as are global warming and ozone depletion, especially as they impact the food supplies of the indigenous peoples. Because the widespread pollution in the Arctic will be difficult and perhaps impossible to clean up, the only real solution lies in a global emphasis on prevention. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Tenenbaum, David J Y1 - 1998/02// PY - 1998 DA - Feb 1998 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 106 IS - 2 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS KW - ARCTIC BIOME KW - POLLUTION CONTROL INVESTMENT KW - OZONE KW - ENV IMPACT ASSESSMENT KW - FOOD CONTAMINATION KW - GREENHOUSE EFFECT KW - INDIGENOUS PEOPLE KW - HEAVY METALS KW - ACID RAIN KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14479256?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Northern+Exposure&rft.au=Tenenbaum%2C+David+J&rft.aulast=Tenenbaum&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1998-02-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 2 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - GREENHOUSE EFFECT; POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS; INDIGENOUS PEOPLE; HEAVY METALS; ACID RAIN; ARCTIC BIOME; POLLUTION CONTROL INVESTMENT; OZONE; FOOD CONTAMINATION; ENV IMPACT ASSESSMENT ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular Basis of the Inhibition of Human Aromatase (Estrogen Synthetase) by Flavone and Isoflavone Phytoestrogens: a Site-Directed Mutagenesis Study AN - 14479237; 10549488 AB - The inhibition profiles of eight phytoestrogens were determined on the wild-type aromatase and six human aromatase mutants. The compounds analyzed included four flavones, two isoflavones, one flavanone, and one naphthoflavone. Computer modeling was used to examine the binding characteristic and the structure requirement for flavone and isoflavone phytoestrogens to inhibit human aromatase. All of the compounds were found to bind to the active site of aromatase, but isoflavones were found to be poorer inhibitors of aromatase than flavones. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Kao, Yeh-Chih AU - Zhou, Changbao AU - Sherman, Mark AU - Laughton, Charles A AU - Chen, Shiuan Y1 - 1998/02// PY - 1998 DA - Feb 1998 SP - 85 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 106 IS - 2 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - PLANTS, BIOLOGIC KW - ENZYME ACTIVITY KW - HORMONAL EFFECTS KW - MUTAGENIC AGENTS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14479237?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Molecular+Basis+of+the+Inhibition+of+Human+Aromatase+%28Estrogen+Synthetase%29+by+Flavone+and+Isoflavone+Phytoestrogens%3A+a+Site-Directed+Mutagenesis+Study&rft.au=Kao%2C+Yeh-Chih%3BZhou%2C+Changbao%3BSherman%2C+Mark%3BLaughton%2C+Charles+A%3BChen%2C+Shiuan&rft.aulast=Kao&rft.aufirst=Yeh-Chih&rft.date=1998-02-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=85&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 6 |t diagrams N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - PLANTS, BIOLOGIC; ENZYME ACTIVITY; HORMONAL EFFECTS; MUTAGENIC AGENTS ER - TY - GEN T1 - Prohibition on Federally Sponsored National Testing. Report Together with Supplemental and Minority Views To Accompany H.R. 2846. House of Representatives, 105th Congress, 2d Session. AN - 62441921; ED423293 AB - H.R. 2846, a bill to prohibit spending Federal education funds on national testing without explicit and specific legislation was referred to the Committee on Education and the Workforce of the U.S. House of Representatives. The Committee, having reviewed the bill, reports favorably on it in this document, proposes some amendments, and recommends that the bill as amended should pass. As introduced, H.R. 2846 amends the General Education Provisions Act and the Fund for Improvement of Education to prohibit Federal funds from being used to develop, plan, or implement (including pilot testing or field testing), or administer any national tests in reading, mathematics, or any other subject unless the test is specifically and explicitly provided for by law. An exception is provided for the Third International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS). Because the National Assessment of Educational Progress is specifically and explicitly authorized in the National Education Statistics Act of 1994 it would be unaffected by the legislation. The Committee amends H.R. 2846 to add six findings: (1) that high state and local standards in core academic subjects are essential to elementary and secondary education; (2) state and local control is the hallmark of U.S. education; (3) each of the states already uses numerous tests to measure achievement, and these are based primarily on state and local standards; (4) Public Law 105-78 does require the National Academy of Sciences to study the feasibility of an equivalency scale that would allow comparison of existing tests, and this permits limited test development activity in fourth grade reading and eighth grade mathematics in fiscal year 1998; (5) there is no specific or explicit authority in current Federal law for the proposed federally sponsored national tests in fourth grade reading and eighth grade mathematics; and (6) decisions about national testing will be made through the normal legislative process. Majority and minority Committee member views and supporting information accompanies the report. (SLD) Y1 - 1998/01/30/ PY - 1998 DA - 1998 Jan 30 SP - 54 KW - National Assessment of Educational Progress KW - Third International Mathematics and Science Study KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Financial Support KW - Federal Aid KW - Educational Finance KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Federal Government KW - Test Use KW - National Competency Tests KW - Federal Legislation KW - Educational Policy KW - Standards KW - Test Construction KW - Achievement Tests UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62441921?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - D.C. Public School 1997 Repair Program and Facilities Master Plan. Hearing before the Subcommittee on the District of Columbia of the Committee on Government Reform and Oversight. House of Representatives. One Hundred Fifth Congress, Second Session. AN - 62465681; ED425615 AB - A Congressional hearing dealt with issues related to the repair program and facilities master plan of the District of Columbia Public Schools (DCPS). Opening remarks by Representative Thomas M. Davis outlined his concern over the delayed opening of the DCPS in the fall of 1997 because of uncompleted roof repairs, and the results from a performance audit of the DCPS under contract to the D.C. Control Board. Representative Eleanor Holmes Norton followed, stating her position on the issue of the D.C. Control Board coming to Congress for a legislative solution. The first panel to testify consisted of Mary Filardo, Director, 21st Century School Fund; William R. Lawson, Assistant Regional Administrator, Public Buildings Service, General Services Administration; and Jonathan Miller, Project Manager, Daniel, Mann, Johnson & Mendenhall Architects. The second panel to testify consisted of auditors that conducted a performance audit of the District school system: Andrew Brimmer, Chairman, D.C. Financial Responsibility and Management Assistance Authority; David Cotton, Cotton & Company; Ed Fritts, Senior Manager, Cotton & Company; and Marvin Allmond, Managing Partner, Allmond & Company. The final panel to testify included Anthony Williams, D.C, Chief Financial Officer; Ed Stephenson, Chief Financial Officer, DCPS; Dr. Bruce MacLaury, Chairman, DCPS Emergency Trustee Board; General Julius Becton, Chief Executive Officer, DCPS; and General Charles E. Williams, Chief Operating Officer, DCPS. The transcribed comments and prepared statements are supplemented by letters, statements, and other documents submitted for the record. (JM) Y1 - 1998/01/23/ PY - 1998 DA - 1998 Jan 23 SP - 179 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160571219 KW - Congress 105th KW - District of Columbia Public Schools KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Program Effectiveness KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Educational Facilities Improvement KW - Construction (Process) KW - School Safety KW - Roofing KW - Accountability KW - Repair KW - Financial Problems KW - Public Schools KW - Hearings KW - Compliance (Legal) KW - Audits (Verification) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62465681?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Serial No.105-123. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Family Partnerships: A Continuous Process. Training Guides for the Head Start Learning Community. AN - 62440933; ED424019 AB - Noting that developing a Head Start family partnership is an ongoing process that begins at enrollment and continues through transition out of the program, this guide for directors and staff looks at the process of developing such partnerships and provides the skills and information needed to form meaningful partnerships. Following an introductory section, the guide presents four training modules. Each module details expected outcomes, key concepts, background information, learning activities, and next steps. Handouts are include for each module. Module One, "Partnering with Families," guides and encourages staff in the use of professional practices to engage each family in a family partnership agreement process. Module Two, "Exploring Family Growth," takes an in-depth look at the family's growth and development and provides information for assessing the impact of significant life events. Module Three, "Making Family Goals a Reality," provides staff training on helping families identify and achieve their goals utilizing a six-step approach. Module Four, "Practicing Professionalism," examines strategies surrounding the professional issues of confidentiality, roles and boundaries, mandated reporting and record-keeping. The final section of the guide contains continuing professional development and sources for supplemental information that can assist participants in extending the learning opportunities begun in this guide. (SD) Y1 - 1998/01/12/ PY - 1998 DA - 1998 Jan 12 SP - 113 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160427401 KW - Project Head Start KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Administrators KW - Practitioners KW - Teachers KW - Workshops KW - High Risk Students KW - Family Environment KW - Family Needs KW - Family Life KW - Staff Development KW - Family Attitudes KW - Family Involvement KW - Partnerships in Education KW - Family School Relationship KW - Preschool Education KW - Parent School Relationship KW - Family Role KW - Parent Participation KW - Resource Materials KW - Training Methods KW - Preschool Children UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62440933?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For other "Training Guides" in this series, see ED N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - TRIGEMINAL CHEMORECEPTION AN - 85279811; cs-269769 AB - The long-term goal of this project is to provide an integrated psychophysical description of the human ability to sense chemical irritants via she trigeminal nerve. Guided by the view that the sensitivity to irritants derives from elements of the nociceptive and thermal senses present in all types of skin, the proposed research will investigate the extent to which this common neural basis influences chemosensory perception throughout the trigeminal system. This objective will be pursued by (1) measuring the sensitivity to irritants across the full diversity of trigeminal regions--the oral cavity, nasal cavity, face and eyes--on a large number of subjects, and inferring from those data the-contributions of local and systemic factors to individual differences; (2) measuring individual differences in sensitization and desensitization produced by two different irritants on two kinds of skin, thus determining whether these phenomena vary locally or systemically; (3) providing the first quantitative investigation of long-term capsaicin desensitization in the trigeminal region and determining if menthol, which was recently found to produce short-term desensitization, has similar long-term hyperalgesic effects; and (4) investigating the role of counterirritation, a form of masking intrinsic to the nociceptive system, on the perception of multiple and/or spatially complex irritant stimuli within the trigeminal field. As well as providing new information about trigeminal chemoreception and the extent to which it may be influenced by systemic (nociceptive) factors, the proposed research will employ a battery of new psychophysical procedures that could prove useful for assessing the incidence, and nature of apparent hypersensitivity syndromes such as contact dermatitis and multiple chemical sensitivities. In addition, studies of long-term desensitization and counterirritation will provide basic information about how these two phenomena may impact on applied issues ranging from the perception and liking of hot and spicy foods to the use of chemical irritants as topical analgesics. JF - JOHN B. PIERCE LABORATORY, INC.; 290 CONGRESS AVE; NEW HAVEN, CT 06519, nih; NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DEAFNESS AND OTHER COMMUNICATION DISORDERS, 1998 AU - GREEN, Barry G PY - 1998 PB - JOHN B. PIERCE LABORATORY, INC.; 290 CONGRESS AVE; NEW HAVEN, CT 06519 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85279811?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=TRIGEMINAL+CHEMORECEPTION&rft.au=GREEN%2C+Barry+G&rft.aulast=GREEN&rft.aufirst=Barry&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - NSAIDs and blood pressure. Clinical importance for older patients. AN - 79683936; 9467684 AB - The use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and antihypertensive medication increases with age to 26% and > 50%, respectively, among the elderly. Overall, 12 to 15% of elderly individuals take at least 1 NSAID and an antihypertensive medication concurrently. A large case-control study of older individuals demonstrated that recent users of NSAIDs had a 1.7-fold increase in risk of initiating antihypertensive therapy compared with non-users. A community-based epidemiological study revealed that NSAID use significantly predicted the presence of hypertension (odds ratio 1.4, 95% confidence interval 1.1 to 1.7) in the elderly. Furthermore, among those taking antihypertensive agents in the 65+ Rural Health Study, in Iowa, US, individuals also taking NSAIDs had a mean systolic blood pressure (BP) 4.9 mm Hg higher than non-users of NSAIDs. The hypertensive effect of NSAIDs varies depending on the specific NSAID used and the type of antihypertensive agent, if they are taken concurrently. While the results of randomised, controlled trials in the elderly have been conflicting, 2 meta-analyses involving younger adults have revealed that NSAID use produces a clinically significant increment in mean BP of 5.0 mm Hg, which is most marked in patients with controlled hypertension. Stratification by NSAID type has revealed that piroxicam and indomethacin had the greatest, and sulindac the least, pressor effect. While the mechanisms) of the pressor effect remain speculative, salt and water retention, caused by several factors operating in parallel, coupled with an increased total peripheral vascular resistance via increased renal endothelin-1 synthesis, are potentially important. A 5 to 6 mm Hg increase in diastolic BP maintained over a few years may be associated with a 67% increase in total stroke occurrence and a 15% increase in events associated with coronary heart disease. Clinicians should strive to avoid excessive use of NSAID treatment and consider alternative, well-tolerated therapeutic options, including simple analgesics and physical therapy. For patients who require concomitant NSAID and antihypertensive treatment, clinicians should be aware of the greater hypertensive effect of indomethacin and piroxicam compared with alternative NSAIDs, and the potential for relatively greater antagonism by NSAIDs of the BP-lowering effect of beta-blockers compared with other antihypertensives. Finally, the progress of each patient should be monitored by careful BP measurement particularly during the initiation of NSAID therapy. JF - Drugs & aging AU - Johnson, A G AD - University Department of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia. ajohnson@gpo.pa.uq.edu.au Y1 - 1998/01// PY - 1998 DA - January 1998 SP - 17 EP - 27 VL - 12 IS - 1 SN - 1170-229X, 1170-229X KW - Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Clinical Trials as Topic KW - Aged KW - Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal -- adverse effects KW - Blood Pressure -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79683936?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drugs+%26+aging&rft.atitle=NSAIDs+and+blood+pressure.+Clinical+importance+for+older+patients.&rft.au=Johnson%2C+A+G&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drugs+%26+aging&rft.issn=1170229X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1998-03-11 N1 - Date created - 1998-03-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Freud, Film, and Culture T2 - Freud: Conflict and Culture AN - 742212713; 1999068708 AU - Kaplan, E Ann A2 - Roth, Michael S. PY - 1998 SP - 152 EP - 164 PB - Knopf, with Library of Congress SN - 9780679451167 KW - German literature KW - 1800-1899 KW - Freud, Sigmund (1856-1939) KW - prose KW - (treatment of) psychiatrist KW - film KW - dramatic arts KW - Hollywood KW - psychiatrist UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/742212713?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/MLA+International+Bibliography&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Freud%2C+Film%2C+and+Culture&rft.au=Kaplan%2C+E+Ann&rft.aulast=Kaplan&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=152&rft.isbn=9780679451167&rft.btitle=Freud%3A+Conflict+and+Culture&rft.title=Freud%3A+Conflict+and+Culture&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - MLA International Bibliography N1 - Update - 199901 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-04 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laboratory simulation of splashes and spills of organophosphate insecticides on chemically protective gloves used in agriculture. AN - 69095953; 9860818 AB - Agricultural workers rely on chemically protective gloves for protection from dermal exposure to insecticides. In Australia the most widely used gloves are manufactured from polyvinyl chloride or nitrile butadiene rubber. During insecticide application splashes and spills frequently occur on the external surfaces of gloves which may compromise the integrity of the membrane. Interaction of two organophosphate insecticides, chlorpyrifos (Lorsban 500 EC(R)) and diazinon (Jetdip(R)), with glove surfaces was investigated in laboratory conditions. The external surface of gloves was treated with concentrated insecticides for one minute and diluted and concentrated insecticides for 24, 36 and 48 hours and later examined by environmental scanning electron microscopy. Two classes of defects, cavities and convexities, were evident in the polyvinyl chloride gloves following all treatments, whereas cracking was significant in the nitrile butadiene rubber gloves after 24 hours. In addition, X-ray energy-dispersive microanalysis was used to evaluate chemical changes on the glove surfaces. Phosphorus and sulfur were useful indicators for organophosphate retention over specific time frames. Results corroborated the need for more robust chemically protective gloves to be developed for routine agricultural use. JF - Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM AU - Canning, K M AU - McQuillan, P AU - Jablonski, W AD - School of Geography and Environmental Studies, University of Tasmania, GPO Box 252-78, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 155 EP - 167 VL - 5 IS - 2 SN - 1232-1966, 1232-1966 KW - Butadienes KW - 0 KW - Insecticides KW - Nitriles KW - Polyvinyl Chloride KW - 9002-86-2 KW - Chlorpyrifos KW - JCS58I644W KW - Diazinon KW - YUS1M1Q929 KW - Index Medicus KW - Permeability KW - Humans KW - Time Factors KW - Microscopy, Electron, Scanning KW - Occupational Exposure -- prevention & control KW - Gloves, Protective -- standards KW - Agricultural Workers' Diseases -- prevention & control KW - Agricultural Workers' Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Chlorpyrifos -- pharmacology KW - Insecticides -- pharmacology KW - Diazinon -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/69095953?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+agricultural+and+environmental+medicine+%3A+AAEM&rft.atitle=Laboratory+simulation+of+splashes+and+spills+of+organophosphate+insecticides+on+chemically+protective+gloves+used+in+agriculture.&rft.au=Canning%2C+K+M%3BMcQuillan%2C+P%3BJablonski%2C+W&rft.aulast=Canning&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=155&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+agricultural+and+environmental+medicine+%3A+AAEM&rft.issn=12321966&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1999-02-04 N1 - Date created - 1999-02-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Education and Workforce Development in the Washington, DC Area. Hearing of the Committee on Labor and Human Resources, United States Senate, One Hundred Fifth Congress, First Session on Examining Regional Economic Development in the Washington, DC Area and the Importance of Education and Training in that Process. It Also Examines Current Obstacles to Economic Growth, such as Poor Student Achievement and Crumbling School Buildings, as well as Regional Solutions to these Problems (January 13-15, 1998). AN - 62551856; ED418263 AB - This transcript contains the testimony of witnesses who testified or submitted written materials for hearings of the U.S. Senate Committee on Labor and Human Resources on the following topics: (1) labor market shortages in the information technology jobs from a national perspective and from the perspective of the Washington, DC area; (2) the education crisis that exists in the District of Columbia public schools and the problems of infrastructure as well as educational problems revealed by test scores; and (3) innovative programs and solutions and ways to finance these plans in the Washington, DC region. Witnesses, who included corporation executives, school officials, public agency spokespersons, Senators, and staff of nonprofit programs, stressed the need to improve education in the United States, and especially in Washington, DC, so that students are prepared for the thousands of technology-related jobs that are now unfilled or are being exported overseas. They examined the problems of the Washington, DC schools and suggested improvements. Witnesses also discussed programs that are working and need to be replicated in other schools. (KC) Y1 - 1998/01// PY - 1998 DA - January 1998 SP - 332 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 016056333X KW - Congress 105th KW - District of Columbia KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Educational Needs KW - Employment Qualifications KW - Educational Improvement KW - Labor Needs KW - Employment Problems KW - Information Technology KW - Technology Education KW - Educational Practices KW - Hearings KW - School Effectiveness KW - Labor Market KW - Social Problems KW - Demand Occupations KW - Educational Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62551856?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Choosing Life Skills: A Guide for Selecting Life Skills Programs for Adult and Juvenile Offenders. AN - 62551172; ED418367 AB - Suggestions for teaching selected life skills to adult and juvenile offenders are presented in this document. The general purpose of life skills programming is to help persons live more successfully and to function better in their multiple roles as members of a family, community, and workforce. Life skills training is treated as an educational program emphasizing the world of work, practical living skills, personal growth and management, and social skills. The first section provides guidelines in terms of the process of searching for, evaluating, and making a final selection of products for implementation of a life skills program in a correctional setting. The second part supplies detailed descriptions of a number of commercial products that are appropriate and available for use in this type of program. A quick reference chart of the resources discussed in part 2 makes up part 3. Samples of necessary forms required to carry out a life skills program are provided. (MKA) AU - Coffey, Osa D. AU - Knoll, John F. Y1 - 1998/01// PY - 1998 DA - January 1998 SP - 81 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-0328. SN - 0160494672 KW - Reintegration KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Program Descriptions KW - Delinquent Rehabilitation KW - Daily Living Skills KW - Rehabilitation Programs KW - Training KW - Adults KW - Correctional Institutions KW - Adolescents UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62551172?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - NAEP 1996 State Assessment Program in Science. Technical Report. AN - 62549337; ED412138 AB - This technical report on the National Association of Educational Progress (NAEP) 1996 State Assessment Program in Science provides an overview of the design, implementation and analysis of the educational assessment including details of sampling design, field administration, preliminary data analysis, and reporting of state results. This report also provides details on the background of the development of the 1996 instrument for science, sample design and selection, state and school cooperation, processing and scoring assessment materials, creation of the database and database products, weighting procedures and variance estimation, theoretical background and philosophy of NAEP scaling procedures, data analysis and scaling for the science assessment program, and conventions used in reporting the results. (DDR) AU - Allen, Nancy L. AU - Swinton, Spencer S. AU - Isham, Steven P. AU - Zelenak, Christine A. Y1 - 1998/01// PY - 1998 DA - January 1998 SP - 447 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160493919 KW - National Assessment of Educational Progress KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Science Education KW - Science Process Skills KW - Academic Achievement KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Standardized Tests KW - National Competency Tests KW - Problem Solving KW - Educational Change KW - Sex Differences KW - Student Evaluation KW - Tables (Data) KW - Hands on Science KW - Academic Standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62549337?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Lists 24 "collaboratons" on title page. For relate N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Parent Involvement in Children's Education: Efforts by Public Elementary Schools. National Center for Education Statistics Statistical Analysis Report. AN - 62547529; ED416027 AB - In response to the National Education Goals panel's recognition of the role that parents can have in children's learning and school performance, the "Survey on Family and School Partnerships in Public Schools K-8" was conducted to determine the ways schools are engaging parents in their children's education and the extent to which parents are responding to those involvement opportunities. Questionnaires were sent to a nationally representative sample of 900 public schools enrolling kindergarten through eigth grade students. The survey looked at the kinds of school-home communication schools establish, kinds of activities schools sponsor, kinds of volunteer activities schools make available, the extent to which parents are included in school decision making, and other factors that influence school efforts to increase parent involvement. Among the findings highlighted are the following: (1) most schools initiated communications with parents to inform them about school curricula and student performance; (2) most schools provided parents with information designed to promote learning at home and on topics related to child-rearing issues; (3) the majority of schools held various activities, such as parent conferences and academic exhibitions, intended to encourage parent involvement; (5) parents were more likely to attend events that featured some interaction with the students' teachers; (6) parent attendance at school-sponsored events varied by geographic region, poverty concentration, and minority enrollment; (7) in general, schools do not include parents in very much school decision making; (8) the majority of schools provided parents opportunities to volunteer both inside and outside the classroom, to assist in fundraising and attend PTA meetings, though the percentage of schools satisfied with the degree of parent participation in these activities decreased as minority and poor student enrollment increased; and (9) lack of time on the part of parents was most often named as the greatest barrier impeding parent involvement. (Three appendices include survey methodology and data reliability and the survey form.) (HTH) AU - Carey, Nancy AU - Lewis, Laurie AU - Farris, Elizabeth Y1 - 1998/01// PY - 1998 DA - January 1998 SP - 57 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. VL - NCES-98-032 KW - Goals 2000 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Elementary Education KW - Parent Influence KW - Minority Group Children KW - Parent Role KW - Academic Achievement KW - Educational Improvement KW - Outcomes of Education KW - Public Schools KW - Family School Relationship KW - Parent Student Relationship KW - Poverty KW - Parent School Relationship KW - Parent Participation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62547529?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Creative Partnerships for Prevention. Using the Arts and Humanities to Build Resiliency in Youth. A Drug and Violence Prevention Resource for Schools, Cultural Organizations, and Others Working with Youth. AN - 62547409; ED421449 AB - Providing information on the important role that the arts and humanities can play in prevention efforts, this document offers several activities that draw upon the arts and humanities to increase young people's resiliency. Resiliency refers to children's ability to successfully adapt and develop in healthy ways, despite exposure to risk and adversity. Building resiliency is not something that adults do to or for youth. Rather, it is the process of providing a caring environment, creating opportunities for young people to contribute to their communities, offering positive alternatives for free time, and helping young people make a successful and healthy transition into adulthood. The arts and humanities activities provided in this guide are designed to provide readers with ideas for creating their own innovative learning and skill-building activities that strengthen students' protective factors and help reduce the likelihood that they will become involved with drugs or alcohol. These activities are for teachers, youth-workers, parents, artists and others who interact with young people both in school and during the non-school hours over an extended period of time. Specifically, the activities incorporate creative activities (murals, journal writing, film and video projects, storytelling, dramatic presentations, dances, and recitals) with other efforts involving school community programs. The book includes guidelines for developing creative school community partnerships, as well as general information on the positive effects of creative activities on child and adolescent development. (MJP) Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 73 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160495644 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Community KW - Parents KW - Practitioners KW - Teachers KW - Educational Strategies KW - School Community Relationship KW - Educational Objectives KW - Intervention KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Creative Development KW - Child Welfare KW - Outcomes of Education KW - Art Education KW - Student Welfare KW - Prevention KW - Partnerships in Education KW - Enrichment Activities KW - Social Development KW - Creative Activities KW - Humanities UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62547409?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Prospects for Reform: The State of American Education and the Federal Role. An Interim Report of the Senate Budget Committee Task Force on Education. AN - 62543144; ED419297 AB - An overview of U.S. academic achievement and the role of the federal government is offered in this report. It looks at scores on national tests, such as the SAT, and finds that although some improvements in math scores are evident, overall, students still score below scores from the 1970s. Furthermore, it is claimed that American students' math knowledge lags behind that of students in other countries. Such conditions raise the question whether schools are receiving adequate federal funding, and it is argued here that they are. Many schools, especially urban schools, are portrayed as being in crisis. Current federal establishments in education do not meet the needs, it is argued, in part because of program overlap and because of the sheer number of employees required to administer federal funds. An assessment of the federal effort shows that the effectiveness of federal programs is typically unknown. This lack of evaluative accountability is blamed on a shortage of results-oriented programs and an "instinctive caution." Research on federal programs has likewise failed to produce accountability. The report claims that real educational change will come through the states and districts and that these administrative bodies be given more latitude in school operations. (RJM) Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 42 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - School Restructuring KW - Government School Relationship KW - Government Role KW - Educational Change KW - Decentralization KW - Educational Policy KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Federal Government KW - Accountability UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62543144?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - The Copyright Infringement Liability of Online and Internet Service Providers. Hearing on S.1146, a Bill To Amend Title 17, United States Code, To Provide Limitations on Copyright Liability Relating to Material Online, and for Other Purposes. Committee on the Judiciary, United States Senate, One Hundred Fifth Congress, First Session (September 4, 1997). AN - 62541923; ED418703 AB - This Congressional hearing transcript presents testimony on how to best combat the risk of copyright infringement facing content providers on the Internet. The Internet enables users to reproduce perfectly and distribute globally copies of the digital works that represent some of the most valuable products of American creativity. While some of these digital transmissions are legal, many others are not. The challenge is to balance copyright protection to encourage and reward creativity, while promoting accessibility to information. These hearings address the concerns raised by online service providers regarding their potential liability for copyright infringement whey they are involved in making available copyrighted material. Testimony is presented by: Fritz E. Attaway (Motion Picture Association of America); Cary H. Sherman (Recording Industry Association of America); Daniel Burton (Novell, on behalf of the Business Software Alliance and the Software Publishers Association); George Vradenburg, III (American Online, Inc., on behalf of the Ad Hoc Copyright Coalition); Roy Neel (United States Telephone Association); and Robert L. Oakley (Georgetown University Law Center, on behalf of the American Association of Law Libraries). The appendix includes the text of the proposed legislation, and responses of witnesses Attaway, Sherman, Burton, Vradenburg, and Oakley to questions from Senators. A prepared statement on behalf of the Graphic Artists Guild by Daniel Abraham is provided as an additional submission for the record. (SWC) Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 123 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160562635 KW - Congress 105th KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Information Dissemination KW - Copyrights KW - Electronic Text KW - Information Retrieval KW - Downloading KW - Legal Responsibility KW - Fair Use (Copyrights) KW - Electronic Libraries KW - Online Vendors KW - Access to Information KW - Information Industry KW - Hearings KW - Federal Regulation KW - Internet KW - Futures (of Society) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62541923?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Serial number J-105-44. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - A Talented, Dedicated, and Well-Prepared Teacher in Every Classroom. U.S. Department of Education Initiative on Teaching Information Kit. AN - 62541041; ED418088 AB - This information kit discusses the need to have trained, qualified, dedicated teachers in all U.S. classrooms. Section 1 discusses the background of efforts to raise standards in U.S. education and examines the role teachers play. Section 2 describes the current state of the U.S. teaching force, noting that many teachers are underqualified, that the teaching force does not reflect student diversity, and that the nation does not invest adequately in its teachers. Section 3 examines the coming crisis in who will teach the children, explaining that over the next 10 years, the nation will face a tremendous demand for additional teachers; teachers will have to know and do more than ever before in these changing times; and shortages of qualified teachers will affect U.S. communities unevenly. Section 4 examines what is already being done to address issues of teacher quality and presents six objectives for making a difference in teacher quality nationwide. Section 5 explains where the United States must go from here, posing questions that communities, teachers, teacher educators, and professional development planners must ask themselves in order to prepare for the future. The information kit also includes a set of chart masters for making overheads to go with the information provided in the five sections. (SM) Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 42 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160494656 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Teacher Role KW - Teaching (Occupation) KW - Preservice Teacher Education KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Higher Education KW - Educational Improvement KW - Teacher Shortage KW - Teacher Recruitment KW - Teacher Qualifications KW - Faculty Development KW - Educational Quality KW - Academic Standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62541041?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Music Violence: How Does It Affect Our Children. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Oversight of Government Management, Restructuring, and the District of Columbia of the Committee on Governmental Affairs, United States Senate, One Hundred Fifth Congress, First Session (November 6, 1997). AN - 62538282; ED418915 AB - This hearing explores the influence of music violence on youth in the District of Columbia. The proceedings include the testimony of witnesses representing the American Academy of Pediatrics, the Recording Industry Association of America, the National Political Congress of Black Women, the Thomas Moore Stork Professor of Communications, a Senator from North Dakota, and a parent from North Dakota. Opening statements were offered by Senators Brownback and Lieberman. The discussion focused on violence as portrayed in popular music and how that graphic violence may influence young people toward violent behavior. The average teen listens to music about 4 hours a day while spending 20 minutes a day in conversation with his/her mother and less than 5 minutes a day in conversation with his/her father. (EH) Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 91 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160563240 KW - Congress 105th KW - District of Columbia KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Mass Media Use KW - Crime KW - Delinquency KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Children KW - Violence KW - Mass Media Role KW - Mass Media Effects KW - Music KW - Hearings KW - Aggression KW - Mass Media UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62538282?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - The EFC Formula Book: The Expected Family Contribution for Federal Student Aid, 1998-99. AN - 62536326; ED417683 AB - This book provides information to the student financial aid community about the calculation of a student's expected family contribution (EFC). An introduction which uses a question-and-answer format gives background information and guidance for using the proper formula to calculate a student's EFC. The following section provides narrative descriptions of the formulas: for a dependent student, for an independent student without dependents other than a spouse, and for an independent student with dependents other than a spouse. The third section presents the worksheets and tables needed for calculating the EFC for all three formulas. The fourth section presents sample case studies with completed forms for each formula. (DB) Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 69 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160494664 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Administrators KW - Practitioners KW - Student Financial Aid KW - Financial Support KW - Self Supporting Students KW - Need Analysis (Student Financial Aid) KW - Federal Aid KW - Federal Programs KW - Higher Education KW - Parent Financial Contribution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62536326?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - The Drug Threat to Teens in Our Rural Communities. Hearing before the Subcommittee on National Security, International Affairs, and Criminal Justice of the Committee on Government Reform and Oversight, House of Representatives, One Hundred Fifth Congress, First Session (DeKalb, IL, July 7, 1997). AN - 62535741; ED419638 AB - A House subcommittee hearing held in DeKalb, Illinois, received testimony on drug abuse problems among young people in small towns and rural areas. Personal experiences of drugs and their effects on young people were described in statements from the mother of a victim of drug-related violence, a former drug dealer, a former drug user and gang member, and a teenager who had never used drugs. Representatives of substance abuse prevention programs, law enforcement, and criminal justice agencies discussed federal, state, and community responsibilities regarding drug abuse prevention; the need to change societal norms related to drugs, alcohol, and violence; goals and activities of the DeKalb County Partnership for a Substance Abuse Free Environment; the increased potency of drugs in the past decade; efforts to deter the international drug trade; prevention strategies in DeKalb schools; health promotion strategies related to substance abuse prevention at colleges; drug use in rural DeKalb County and its relationship to crime; the need to disseminate successful prevention strategies; the effectiveness of community-wide cooperation; and the importance of parents acting as positive role models. A local citizen cited the many failures of the 40-year "war on drugs" and suggested some potential benefits of legalization. (SV) Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 94 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160562139 KW - Congress 105th KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Rural Youth KW - Crime KW - Community Action KW - Government Role KW - Illegal Drug Use KW - Rural Areas KW - Prevention KW - High Schools KW - School Role KW - Juvenile Gangs KW - Hearings KW - College Students KW - Change Strategies KW - Youth Problems KW - High School Students KW - Adolescents KW - Drug Abuse UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62535741?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Contains photographs and several pages of light or N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, 1995 [CD-ROM]. AN - 62531350; ED420666 AB - The Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS) is a system of surveys designed to collect data from primary providers (institutions) of postsecondary education. It is the core postsecondary education data collection program of the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES), and has been designed to help NCES report full and complete statistics on the condition of postsecondary education in the United States. It is a single, comprehensive data collection system that encompasses all institutions and organizations that provide postsecondary education as their primary goal. It collects data in such areas as enrollment, program completions, faulty and staff, and financing. This disc, sixth in a series of IPEDS discs, contains one analysis file that includes variables extracted from the five IPEDS survey types covering the academic years 1991-92, 1992-93, 1993-94, 1994-95, and 1995-96. Data are combined into a single file with each record on the file representing a single institution. The analysis file contains the variables (nearly 1,500) considered to be the most useful to the user community. This CD-ROM also contains an ASCII file version of the analysis data for 1995-96, as well as the individual data files and documentation for the current collection year of the following IPEDS surveys: (1) Institutional Characteristics (1995-96); (2) Fall Enrollment (1995-96); (3) Completions (1994-95); (4) Finance (1994-95); and (5) Salaries and Tenure (1995-96). The "IPEDS Manual for Users" is located in the IPEDINFO directory of this disc, and the documentation for each specific file is in the respective subdirectory. An installation guide is included with the CD-ROM. TYPE OF SURVEY: National Survey; Census. POPULATION: Higher Education Institutions. SAMPLE: Higher Education Institutions. RESPONDENTS: Higher Education Institutions. FREQUENCY: Annual. YEAR OF EARLIEST DATA: 1991. YEAR OF LATEST DATA: 1996. (SLD) Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 EP - 0 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328 (Stock No. 065-000-01129-8, $15). KW - Data Files KW - Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System KW - Machine Readable Data KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Institutional Characteristics KW - Educational Finance KW - Enrollment KW - College Graduates KW - Higher Education KW - Data Collection KW - National Surveys KW - Optical Data Disks KW - Teacher Salaries KW - College Faculty UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62531350?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aeric&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Integrated+Postsecondary+Education+Data+System%2C+1995+%5BCD-ROM%5D.&rft.au=&rft.aulast=Huntley&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=233&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 3 - Indexed only N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Federal Subsidies of Advanced Telecommunications for Schools, Libraries, and Health Care Providers. CBO Papers. AN - 62525538; ED415849 AB - The Telecommunications Act of 1996 directs the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to include support for advanced telecommunications--such as the Internet and computer networking--for elementary and secondary schools, public libraries, and nonprofit rural health care providers among the Universal Service Fund (USF) mandates. In its plan, the FCC created a system of sliding-scale subsidies for schools and libraries that would average 60% of eligible expenses. This Congressional Budget Office (CBO) Paper presents the CBO's baseline estimates for federal outlays and revenues under the FCC's May 1997 plan to provide those federal subsidies. CBO estimates that outlays would rise from about $0.6 billion in fiscal year 1998 to $1.2 billion in 1999. After that, outlays are expected to increase by a little more than $0.1 billion per year, reaching $2.4 billion in 2008. CBO assumes that revenues necessary to fund those expenditures will be collected as required and that the USF will be deficit neutral on a fiscal year basis. The paper includes the basis for CBO's estimates of outlays and revenues. In keeping with the CBO's mission to provide impartial information, the paper contains no recommendations. (SWC) Y1 - 1998/01// PY - 1998 DA - January 1998 SP - 33 KW - Access to Services KW - Telecommunications Act 1996 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Computer Networks KW - Federal Aid KW - Grants KW - Educational Finance KW - Public Libraries KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Telecommunications KW - Rural Areas KW - Health Services KW - Information Technology KW - Schools KW - Technology Integration KW - Electronic Equipment KW - Access to Computers KW - Internet UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62525538?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Library Resources for the Blind and Physically Handicapped. A Directory with FY 1997 Statistics on Readership, Circulation, Budget, Staff, and Collections. AN - 62465288; ED425756 AB - This document lists resources for the blind and physically handicapped in National Library Service (NLS) network libraries and machine-lending agencies, arranged alphabetically by state. Within each state, the regional library appears first, followed by subregional libraries (in any) listed alphabetically by city. In several states, two regional libraries have been established; in these instances, the specific service area of each library is shown. County service areas are also listed for subregional libraries, but for libraries that serve 18 or more counties, the outlying or border counties are listed while those in the center of the service area are not. Regional libraries that also function as machine-lending agencies are identified by an asterisk. Separate machine-lending agencies (if any) are listed as the final entry for a state. Regional libraries designated as braille-lending libraries are identified by a number symbol. For libraries not designated as braille-lending libraries, braille collections are listed under the special collections category. Other library resources at the national level are arranged alphabetically by the name of the organization. Each entry indicates eligibility requirements, special media available, subject coverage, and lending policies. Appendices contain tables of statistics on readership and circulation and budget, staff, and collections for Fiscal Year 1997. (AEF) Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 120 PB - Reference Section, National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped, Library of Congress, Washington, DC 20542; KW - National Library Service for the Blind KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Library Statistics KW - Information Sources KW - Directories KW - Library Collections KW - Special Libraries KW - Library Services KW - Blindness KW - Library Materials KW - National Libraries KW - Braille KW - Library Networks KW - Regional Libraries KW - Tables (Data) KW - Physical Disabilities UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62465288?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Urban Education: Approaches That Work. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Empowerment of the Committee on Small Business. House of Representatives, One Hundred Fifth Congress, Second Session (March 26, 1998). AN - 62456794; ED424324 AB - A hearing was held before the Subcommittee on Empowerment of the House Committee on Small Business to build a record of a lot of things that are working in urban education in high risk zones. In his opening remarks, Representative Souder (Indiana) noted that there is no question but that the best way to combat unemployment and the problems that flow from it is to provide people with the best possible training. For most of the work force, training begins in school. Strengthening basic skills is not exclusively an urban problem, but it is one that is of particular concern in the cities. The purpose of this hearing was not why so many schools are failing, but why some succeed. Five educators who run successful urban schools appeared at the hearing to explain why their schools work. Thaddeus S. Lott, Sr., principal of a charter school district in Houston (Texas), described the experiences of a successful elementary school that used an intensive reading program beginning in kindergarten and direct instruction to raise academic achievement. Vera White, principal of a junior high school in the District of Columbia, achieved academic success with a program that focused on student learning and high expectations and that was supported in a partnership with COMSAT. Comments by hearing participants follow these statements. In the second panel discussion of the hearing, Oscar J. Underwood, headmaster of a Christian college preparatory school (Indiana), spoke about the importance of the educational environment and teacher attitudes. Leah White, administrator of an urban Christian school (Maryland), noted the importance of promoting parent participation and the importance of an atmosphere focused on learning. William Elliott, headmaster of a Christian academy in Philadelphia (Pennsylvania), emphasized the importance of good relationships between teachers and students and the importance of accountability and high standards. Comments from panelists completed the hearing. An appendix contains the prepared statements of the panelists and a letter from Governor George Bush (Texas) about Dr. Lott's Houston school. (SLD) Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 194 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160570972 KW - Congress 105th KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Teacher Expectations of Students KW - Program Descriptions KW - Program Effectiveness KW - Teacher Student Relationship KW - Principals KW - Urban Education KW - Academic Achievement KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Urban Schools KW - Instructional Leadership KW - Charter Schools KW - Hearings KW - School Effectiveness KW - Teaching Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62456794?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Serial No. 105-44. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - What's My Job in Court? An Answer and Activity Book for Kids Who Are Going to Court. AN - 62454836; ED430169 AB - This activity and answer book is designed for children who will be serving as witnesses in court cases. It uses three child characters. The book defines the role of each of the following: judge, prosecutor, victim's advocate, defense attorney, witness, court reporter, clerk of court, and jury. Also explained is the courthouse itself; a drawing of a courtroom shows where court officials, witnesses, etc. sit. Advice on what to do before court is offered. Throughout the booklet an emphasis is placed on telling the truth. A set of rules of the courtroom and activities in the booklet make it clear that it is normal to be upset and nervous and emphasizes that children should let court officials know this when it happens. Children are also reminded that if they don't understand a question to say so and if they are asked about something they don't remember it is okay to say that they don't remember. Also explains what happens when the child's job as witness is over. Activities to reinforce material presented include: connect-the-dots, puzzles, and review questions. Includes a glossary of terms. (MKA) Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 29 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. KW - Activity Books KW - Coloring Books KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Definitions KW - Court Litigation KW - Children UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62454836?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - A Progress Report on the Reforms in D.C. Public Schools. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Oversight of Government Management, Restructuring, and the District of Columbia of the Committee on Governmental Affairs. United States Senate, One Hundred Fifth Congress, First Session (September 8, 1997). AN - 62454495; ED430062 AB - A hearing before the oversight committee for the District of Columbia (D.C.) public schools provided the opportunity for several senators and educators to comment on the progress of educational reform in the District's public schools. The hearing was held at a time when the opening of the city's public schools was delayed because of their many safety and code violations. Representative Richard K. Armey spoke about the conditions in the D.C. schools and discussed the school choice legislation he has sponsored. Jeanne Allen, president of the Center for Education Reform, discussed charter schools and emphasized that the priorities of the public school system are not consistent with fundamental education reform. Nina Shokraii of the Heritage Foundation advocated vouchers to allow parents to send their children to schools of their choice. Kent B. Amos discussed a proposal to change the funding of charter schools in the District of Columbia. Bruce K. MacLaury, Chairman of the Emergency Transition Education Board of Trustees of the District of Columbia Public Schools, presented the views of the transitional board about the progress toward school reform in the city's schools and offered support for charter schools. General Julius W. Becton, Jr., the appointed Superintendent of Schools, discussed the condition of the schools in general and outlined some improvements made under his administration, focusing on the ongoing physical plant repairs. An appendix contains the District of Columbia Student Opportunity Scholarship Act of 1997 and some supporting statements, including prepared remarks of those who testified at the hearing. (SLD) Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 106 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160562309 KW - Congress 105th KW - District of Columbia Public Schools KW - Reform Efforts KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Academic Achievement KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Educational Facilities Improvement KW - Urban Schools KW - School Safety KW - Educational Improvement KW - Charter Schools KW - Public Schools KW - Educational Change KW - Urban Teaching KW - Hearings KW - School Choice UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62454495?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Job Corps Oversight: Recruitment and Placement Standards. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Human Resources of the Committee on Government Reform and Oversight, House of Representatives, One Hundred Fifth Congress, First Session (October 23, 1997). AN - 62450881; ED431916 AB - This congressional hearing focuses on a General Accounting Office (GAO) examination of the Department of Labor's management of Job Corps recruitment and placement contractors. Its focuses are how the contractors demand and measure success in two of the four strategy areas--client commitment and client placement in a job with long-term potential--and the need pointed out in the study's results for a stronger focus on performance and accountability in both areas. Testimony includes statements, letters, and other materials submitted for the record by the following: Representatives in Congress from the States of Virginia, Tennessee, Connecticut, and New York; Associate Directors, Education and Employment Issues, GAO; Deputy Inspector General and Assistant Inspector General, Department of Labor (DOL); Director, Office of Job Corps, DOL; and individuals representing the Clearfield Job Corps Center; Hubert H. Humphrey Job Corps Center; and David L. Carrasco Job Corps Center. (YLB) Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 174 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. KW - Congress 105th KW - Job Corps KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Program Effectiveness KW - At Risk Persons KW - Federal Programs KW - Recruitment KW - Job Placement KW - Hearings KW - Standards KW - Youth Programs KW - Accountability KW - Job Training UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62450881?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For Part II, see CE 078 934. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Mathematics and Science Achievement State by State, 1998. Goal 3: Student Achievement and Citizenship. Goal 5: Mathematics and Science. AN - 62448984; ED422189 AB - The aim of the third National Education Goal is for all U.S. students to be competent in academic subject matter. The aim of the fifth National Education Goal is for U.S. students to perform at world-class levels in mathematics and science. The purpose of this report is to summarize the amount of progress that each state has made in raising student academic achievement in mathematics and science since the National Education Goals were established in 1990. The report contains four pages of information for the United States, each state, the District of Columbia, and five U.S. territories. The first three pages in each set measure progress toward Goal 3, using data from the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP). The fourth page in each set shows how close each state is to achieving Goal 5. It is concluded that the majority of states participating in the NAE have made progress toward Goal 3. (ASK) Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 584 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328; World Wide Web: http://www.negp.gov KW - National Assessment of Educational Progress KW - National Education Goals 1990 KW - State Mathematics Assessments KW - State Science Assessments KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Science Education KW - Mathematics Achievement KW - Academic Achievement KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Standards KW - Tables (Data) KW - Test Results UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62448984?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Preventing Child Exploitation on the Internet. Special Hearing before a Subcommittee of the Committee on Appropriations. United States Senate, One Hundred Fifth Congress, Second Session. AN - 62447981; ED423889 AB - This Congressional Hearing focuses on protecting children from exploitation on the Internet. Opening remarks of Senator Gregg, statements of Senator Hollings, and Senator Mikulski, and statement and summary statement of Hon. Louis J. Freeh, Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, Department of Justice, are provided at the beginning of the document. Topics of discussion in the hearing include: CyberTipline; Innocent Images initiative; child abduction and serial killer unit; training; public awareness; Innocent Images cases; national coordination; regional state and local task forces; DNA profiles; private industry assistance; Crimes Against Children Program accomplishments; prepared statement of Louis J. Freeh; implementation of 1998 FBI enhancements; challenges for combating child exploitation; crimes against children; extent of Internet child pornography problem; traveler cases; DNA tracking system; federal, state and local cooperation; caliber of FBI agents; resources needed; St. Mary's College students in Guatemala; and congressional intent. Nondepartmental Witness statement of Ernest E. Allen, president and CEO of the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children (NCMEC) and update on progress addressing child sexual exploitation on the Internet, the subcommittee's mandate, and NCMEC report make up the end of the document. (AEF) Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 42 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402; SN - 016057482X KW - Child Pornography KW - Child Protection KW - Congress 105th KW - Federal Bureau of Investigation KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Crime Prevention KW - Cooperative Programs KW - Federal Programs KW - Safety KW - Sexual Abuse KW - Children KW - Child Abuse KW - Child Welfare KW - Internet UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62447981?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Public Forum on Youth and Tobacco: Breaking the Cycle. Hearing on Examining Proposals To Deter Youth From Using Tobacco Products before the Subcommittee on Public Health and Safety of the Committee on Labor and Human Resources. United States Senate, One Hundred Fifth Congress, First Session (October 27, 1997). AN - 62446964; ED424527 AB - This publication contains the testimony from a hearing on growth and tobacco use. Statements include: (1) Opening Statement of Senator Bill Frist; (2) Statements of a panel of teens, Brandi Battle, Washington, DC; Kellie Jolly, Tennessee; Nickita Bradley, Maryland; and Josh, Virginia; followed by discussion; (3) Discussion and prepared statements of Scott J. Leischow, Ph.D., Director, Nicotine Dependence Program, Arizona Prevention Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona; Richard D. Hurt, M.D., Director, Nicotine Dependence Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Michael C. Fiore, M.D., M.P.H., Panel Chair Smoking Prevention and Cessation, Agency for Health Care Policy and Research, and Director and Associate Professor, center for Tobacco Research and Intervention, University of Wisconsin Medical School, Madison, Wisconsin; and Tim McAfee, M.D., M.P.H., Director, Center for Health Promotion, Group Health Cooperative of Puget Sound-Kaiser, Seattle, Washington; (4) Prepared Statement of Senator Mike Enzi; (5) Discussion and prepared statements of Paul Schwab, Deputy Administrator, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, Maryland; and Joseph R. DiFranza, M.D., University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts. (EMK) Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 63 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954, Pittsburg, PA 15250-7954. SN - 0160560578 KW - Congress 105th KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Community Problems KW - Smoking KW - Prevention KW - Substance Abuse KW - Community Programs KW - Program Implementation KW - Tobacco KW - Program Development KW - Hearings KW - Youth Problems KW - Health Education UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62446964?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Transitions: Parents Are Key. Training Guides for the Head Start Learning Community. AN - 62444398; ED424021 AB - Intended to enable parents to support and advocate for their children during transitions, this guide contains training activities and hands-on action tools to help parents and staff work in partnership as children transition into and out of Early Head Start, Head Start, child care settings, and elementary schools. The guide is divided into three sections. The first section, "Users Guide," provides an introduction to the guide, including its purpose, expected outcomes, audience, performance standards, and organization. This section also provides an orientation session to explore the action tools in the guide as a resource for expanding their individual and program efforts to involve parents in transition activities. The second section, "Program and Parent Action Tools," includes nine action tools to help parents and staff understand transition, the key role parents play, and ways to implement the performance standards. These nine action tools are organized into three broad skill categories that enable parents to: (1) support each child; (2) build partnerships; and (3) strengthen advocacy skills. The third and final section of the guide addresses continuing professional development and guides staff and parents in expanding their skills by networking, joining organizations, and further researching the issue of parent involvement in transition. (SD) Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 86 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160427541 KW - Project Head Start KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Parents KW - Practitioners KW - Teachers KW - Workshops KW - Parent Empowerment KW - High Risk Students KW - Parent Influence KW - Parent Role KW - Early Childhood Education KW - Staff Development KW - Family Involvement KW - Student Promotion KW - Transitional Programs KW - Day Care KW - Parent Participation KW - Resource Materials KW - Training Methods KW - Preschool Children KW - School Readiness UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62444398?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For other "Training Guides" in this series, see ED N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Building on Success. Training Guides for the Head Start Learning Community. AN - 62444357; ED424023 AB - Noting the increasing need for Head Start's efforts to support parents' personal and professional success, this guide for Head Start staff examines the success process at both the individual and the program level, and explores strategies that strengthen the larger community's support for families as they define and build upon success. Following an introductory section, the guide presents three training modules. Each module details expected outcomes, key concepts, background information, learning activities, and next steps. Handouts are included for each module. Module One, "Focusing on Success," provides skill-building in such areas as defining success for oneself, setting priorities, and moving toward goals. Module Two, "Working the Head Start Success Ladder," guides participants in an examination of what Head Start can do to assist individuals as they establish and pursue goals, in particular goals related to economic well-being. Module Three, "Building Success in the Community," expands the focus to the world beyond Head Start by examining the role Head Start plays in fostering a community where all members can achieve their personal visions of success. The final sections of the guide contain information on continuing professional development, and publication and organization resources. Three appendices describe Project Match and Economic Independence; a community framework for Head Start; and elements of federal welfare reform. (SD) Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 128 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. KW - Family Support KW - Project Head Start KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Administrators KW - Parents KW - Practitioners KW - Teachers KW - Workshops KW - School Community Relationship KW - High Risk Students KW - Academic Achievement KW - Success KW - Staff Development KW - Skill Development KW - High Achievement KW - Preschool Education KW - Family Programs KW - Goal Orientation KW - Resource Materials KW - Training Methods KW - Preschool Children KW - Organizational Effectiveness UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62444357?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For other "Training Guides" in this series, see ED N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - School Age Care: Creative Solutions for Out-of-School Care. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Children and Families of the Committee on Labor and Human Resources. United States Senate, One Hundred Fifth Congress, Second Session (March 5, 1998). AN - 62444307; ED424034 AB - This hearing received testimony on school-age care. The hearing examined proposals to coordinate federal and state efforts to establish increased programs to provide after-school care for children and to improve academic and social outcomes for students by providing productive activities during after-school hours. Testimony was given by: (1) Senator Christopher J. Dodd, Connecticut; (2) Mary Margaret Oliver, State Senator, Georgia; (3) the associate director of School's Out Consortium/Seattle Most, Seattle, Washington; (4) the president and founder of the Bridgeport Youth Coalition and member of the Bridgeport Board of Education, Bridgeport, Connecticut; (5) Senator Barbara Boxer, California; (6) Edward A. Flynn, chief of police, Arlington, Virginia; (7) Thomas M. Menino, mayor, Boston, Massachusetts; (8) a parent of a child with special health needs; and (9) a program participant from the Chinle Learning Center, the Navajo Nation, Chinle, Arizona. (EV) Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 64 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160570565 KW - Congress 105th KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Government Role KW - After School Programs KW - Hearings KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - School Age Day Care KW - Federal State Relationship KW - State Federal Aid UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62444307?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Early Head Start: Goals and Challenges. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Human Resources of the Committee on Government Reform and Oversight. House of Representatives, One Hundred Fifth Congress, Second Session (February 19, 1998). AN - 62442817; ED424029 AB - This hearing contains testimony on the Early Head Start program. Testimony was provided by: (1) a director of a state Head Start Association; (2) directors of Head Start programs; (3) a Head Start parent; (4) Olivia A. Golden, Assistant Secretary, Administration for Children and Families, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; (5) a state department of social services administrator; (6) a psychology professor; (7) a National Head Start Association administrator; and (8) congressmen from Connecticut and New York. (EV) Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 190 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160570069 KW - Congress 105th KW - Early Head Start KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Toddlers KW - Preschool Education KW - Infant Care KW - Government Role KW - Hearings KW - Early Intervention KW - Child Development KW - Compensatory Education KW - Developmental Programs KW - Infants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62442817?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Serial No. 105-109. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - National Education Testing. Hearing before a Subcommittee of the Committee on Appropriations. Special Hearing. United States Senate, One Hundred Fifth Congress, First Session (September 4, 1997). AN - 62441606; ED425186 AB - A hearing was held to consider the issues involved in funding the administration's proposals for certain educational testing. After opening remarks by Senators Kennedy (Massachusetts) , Specter (Pennsylvania), and Harkin (Iowa), the Secretary of Education, Richard W. Riley, spoke about the proposed tests. The Clinton Administration and Secretary Riley believe that a rigorous voluntary national testing system in fourth-grade reading and eighth-grade mathematics would determine how well students are achieving in basic skills. The proposed tests are an extension of the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) and would use the NAEP framework to hold students to high standards. Secretary Riley emphasized that these tests are voluntary and not designed to be part of a move toward a national curriculum. Senator Specter raised the question of delaying establishing the tests until a better national consensus is reached, and Senator Kennedy also commented favorably on the testing proposal. Senator Faircloth (North Carolina) questioned the usefulness of a voluntary test, and Senator Gregg (New Hampshire) questioned the participation of the Department of Education in the creation of the tests. Additional remarks were made by Senator Jeffords and Representative Goodling (Chairman of the Committee on Education of the House of Representatives), who opposes the voluntary national test. (SLD) Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 36 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402; SN - 0160571502 KW - Congress 105th KW - National Assessment of Educational Progress KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Elementary Education KW - Government Role KW - Mathematics Achievement KW - Educational Finance KW - Educational Testing KW - Test Use KW - National Competency Tests KW - Grade 8 KW - Reading Achievement KW - Federal Legislation KW - Grade 4 KW - Hearings KW - Standards KW - Test Construction UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62441606?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Translating the IEP into Everyday Practice. Training Guides for the Head Start Learning Community. AN - 62437396; ED424022 AB - Noting that Head Start has become the largest community-based preschool program providing services to children with disabilities, this guide is intended to build the skills of Head Start staff in effectively using the Individualized Education Program (IEP) to accommodate children with disabilities. Following an introductory section, the guide presents three training modules. Each module details expected outcomes, key concepts, background information, learning activities, and next steps. Handouts are included for each module. Module One, "Laying the Groundwork," provides information to help identify characteristics of the IEP and IFSP (Individualized Family Service Plan), including purpose, benefits, and stages in the development process. Module Two, "What Do I Do Now? Understanding and Implementing the IEP," assists in formulating strategies for translating IEP goals and objectives into classroom activities that reflect developmentally appropriate practice and developing a systematic approach for monitoring ongoing process. Module Three, "Working Together," identifies methods for encouraging collaboration and communication between families, Head Start staff, and related service providers. The final sections of the guide provide strategies supervisors can use to help staff apply new skills and extend their learning, and resource lists of print and audiovisual materials. (SD) Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 133 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160427525 KW - Project Head Start KW - Special Needs Children KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Practitioners KW - Teachers KW - Workshops KW - High Risk Students KW - Inclusive Schools KW - Individualized Instruction KW - Special Needs Students KW - Individualized Family Service Plans KW - Individual Needs KW - Staff Development KW - Preschool Education KW - Disabilities KW - Developmentally Appropriate Practices KW - Resource Materials KW - Training Methods KW - Individualized Education Programs KW - Preschool Children UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62437396?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For other "Training Guides" in this series, see ED N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Trade Unions and Adult Guidance: Case Studies of Best Practice. AN - 62437037; ED422527 AB - Best practices in trade union-sponsored adult guidance programs were identified through five case studies in the United Kingdom and one in Denmark. The case studies from the United Kingdom focused on the following: a partnership between local trade unions and a city center education guidance service supported by a local college of further and higher education, city council, and local training and enterprise council; a national initiative aimed at employees who would otherwise be unlikely to receive training at work, left school at the earliest opportunity, and have few prospects for advancement; a partnership between a university and a local training partnership to provide careers guidance to union members faced with layoffs; a union-management partnership to promote employee"ownership" of learning and ensure that employees develop the skills needed to obtain employment in the event of layoffs; and a trade union-management partnership to help workers achieve National Targets for Education and Training and increase industry understanding and use of National Vocational Qualifications. The Danish case study chronicled union participation in determining the content and methodology of a state-funded training scheme allowing employees with few qualifications to have access to individually tailored adult education and vocational training programs lasting 4-36 weeks. (MN) Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 71 PB - Trades Union Congress, Congress House, Great Russell Street, London WC1B 3LS, England, United Kingdom; KW - Denmark KW - National Vocational Qualifications (England) KW - United Kingdom KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Program Effectiveness KW - Postsecondary Education KW - Adult Programs KW - Guidance Programs KW - Unions KW - Government School Relationship KW - Case Studies KW - Counseling Services KW - Skill Development KW - Partnerships in Education KW - Job Skills KW - Career Counseling KW - Foreign Countries KW - Counseling Techniques KW - Innovation KW - Educational Practices KW - Program Development KW - Employer Employee Relationship KW - Cooperative Planning KW - School Counseling KW - Education Work Relationship UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62437037?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Some pages contain light type. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Hearing on H.R. 6, the Higher Education Amendments of 1998 Title III and Urban and Community Service Programs. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Postsecondary Education, Training and Life-Long Learning of the Committee on Education and the Workforce. House of Representatives, One Hundred Fifth Congress, First Session (Washington, D.C., on June 26, 1997). AN - 62435895; ED428634 AB - This hearing transcript presents oral and written statements made at a congressional hearing on the Higher Education Amendments of 1998, specifically Title III which supports programs to strengthen institutions and Title XI which encourages colleges and universities to provide urban community service programs. Opening statements by Congressmen Howard P. "Buck" McKeon and Carlos Romero-Barcelo provide an introduction. Statements delivered by the following individuals are then provided: Anne S. McNutt, President, Technical College of the Low Country (South Carolina); Roberto Marrero-Corletto, Chancellor, University of Puerto Rico at Humacao; Frederick S. Humphries, President, Florida A & M University; Thomas Cole, President, Clark Atlanta University (Georgia); Robert A. Corrigan, President, San Franciso State University (California); Charlie Nelms, Chancellor, University of Michigan-Flint; and Elizabeth Van Uum, Assistant to the Chancellor, University of Missouri at St. Louis. Also included are written statements by some of the above individuals and the following additional individuals: Norma Rees, President, California State University-Hayward and John I. Gilderbloom, Director, Urban Studies Institute, University of Louisville (Kentucky). (DB) Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 169 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160564867 KW - Congress 105th KW - Higher Education Act Amendments 1998 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - School Community Relationship KW - Cooperative Programs KW - Federal Legislation KW - Community Cooperation KW - Educational Legislation KW - Urban Areas KW - Hearings KW - Higher Education KW - Organizational Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62435895?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Contaminated Frozen Strawberries in School Lunches. Hearing before the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry. United States Senate, One Hundred Fifth Congress, First Session (June 5, 1997). AN - 62434882; ED424028 AB - This hearing includes testimony on contaminated strawberries in school lunches. Contaminated strawberries were determined to be the cause of an outbreak of hepatitis in the state of Michigan. In addition to statements by the committee members, testimony was given by: (1) Mary Ann Keeffe, Acting Under Secretary, Food Nutrition and Consumer Services, Department of Agriculture; (2) Lon Hatamiya, Administrator, Agricultural Marketing Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, accompanied by Craig Beauchamp, Office of the Inspector General, U.S. Department of Agriculture; Harold Margolis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; and Fred Shank, Food and Drug Administration; (3) David R. Johnson, the chief executive and medical officer, Community Public Health Agency, Michigan Department of Community Health, Lansing, MI; (4) Thomas W. Schimm, a teacher and parent of a child who contracted hepatitis; and (5) Susan Doneth, a mother and member of the Safe Tables Our Priority (S.T.O.P.), Marshall, MI. An appendix contains additional material submitted for the record, including questions submitted to government agencies by committee members and a letter to the committee. (EV) Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 61 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 016057031X KW - Congress 105th KW - Food Poisoning KW - Fruits KW - Hepatitis KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Government School Relationship KW - Government Role KW - Safety KW - Lunch Programs KW - Hearings KW - Child Health KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Nutrition KW - Food Standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62434882?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Safety First: Preventing & Managing Childhood Injuries. Training Guides for the Head Start Learning Community. AN - 62433717; ED424025 AB - Intended to build on emergency response training that Head Start staff receive, this guide assists staff and parents in understanding the causes of childhood injuries, and planning steps to more effectively prevent and manage children's injuries in the Head Start program, at home, and in the community. Following an introductory section, the guide presents three training modules. Each module details expected outcomes, key concepts, background information, learning activities, and next steps. Handouts are included for each module. Module One, "Understanding Childhood Injuries," helps participants understand the common causes of childhood injuries and their relationship to child development. Module Two, "Preventing Childhood Injuries," helps participants create, maintain, and supervise a safe environment in the Head Start program and at home, and also establish and teach safe practices to staff, children, and families. Module Three, "Preparing for and Managing Emergencies," helps participants prepare policies, procedures, and provisions for emergencies and to review injury patterns to improve injury-prevention efforts. The final sections of the guide contain continuing professional development information and resources for further study. Two appendices address safety for young children and provide a health and safety checklist. (SD) Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 131 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 016042755X KW - Project Head Start KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Administrators KW - Practitioners KW - Teachers KW - Workshops KW - High Risk Students KW - Injuries KW - Safety KW - Child Health KW - Staff Development KW - Child Welfare KW - Child Safety KW - Safety Education KW - Preschool Education KW - Resource Materials KW - Training Methods KW - Emergency Programs KW - Preschool Children KW - Accident Prevention UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62433717?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For other "Training Guides" in this series, see ED N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Teaching in the New Millennium: How We Can Prepare Today's Teachers for Tomorrow's Schools. Hearing on Examining Innovative Teacher Training Methods and to Provide Information as to How Teachers can Receive Quality Professional Development. Committee on Labor and Human Resources, United States Senate. One Hundred Fifth Congress. Second Session (Columbus, OH, June 15, 1998). AN - 62413760; ED424208 AB - A Senate committee met to discuss the appropriate preparation of teachers for schools of the future. Senator James M. Jeffords from Vermont presented an opening statement and discussed the need for high quality, competent teachers. Senator DeWine's opening statement discussed how education has changed over the years and what it still needs to improve. The two panels of experts and witnesses presented their opinions, experiences, and expertise on the subject of teacher education, teacher certification, and teaching. The first panel included: the President of Moyerson Academy (Larry Rowedder); the Superintendent of Toledo Public Schools (Merrill Grant); an associate professor from Central State University (Mary B. Howard); and the Former Dean of Education for Central State University (Edward Wingard). The second panel included: the 1997 National Teacher of the Year at Mayerson Academy (Sharon Draper); the Associate Dean for Academic Affairs at the University of Cincinnati (Arlene Mitchell); the Assistant Superintendent and Co-Director of the Far East Regional Professional Development Center (Anna Marie Vaughn); the Professor of Education, chair-elect of the School of Education at the University of Rio Grande (Chormaine Lepley); and an Associate Professor of Chemistry at Cleveland State University (David Ball). An appendix provides the prepared statements of several individuals interested in improving education and teacher education (teachers, administrators, and university professors). (SM) Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 74 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160574137 KW - Congress 105th KW - Senate Committee on Labor and Human Resources KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Excellence in Education KW - Teacher Improvement KW - Preservice Teacher Education KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Higher Education KW - Teacher Competencies KW - Teacher Certification KW - Inservice Teacher Education KW - Hearings KW - Educational Innovation KW - Faculty Development KW - Futures (of Society) KW - Educational Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62413760?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Matching Yourself with the World of Work, 1998. AN - 62393982; ED439271 AB - This booklet, which is designed to help individuals match themselves with jobs, discusses the common skills, abilities, and habits all employees need to bring to a job, as well as occupation-specific characteristics and skills. The first half of the booklet is a discussion of considerations in choosing a career that covers the following topics: (1) importance of making a good career choice; (2) mathematics and English skills required for most jobs; (3) sources of additional information on career choice; (4) personal and job characteristics (mathematics, English, science, computer, artistic, creative, persuasive, and interpersonal skills; mechanical ability; leadership and managerial ability); (5) personal skills and abilities; (6) work characteristics (travel between worksites, overnight travel, hazardous duties or conditions, operation of machinery or equipment, outdoor work, irregular work schedule, job stress, physical demands, economic sensitivity, geographic concentration); (7) occupational characteristics; and (8) education and training. The second half of the booklet is a table that classifies approximately 250 jobs according to 22 characteristics in the following four categories: personal skills and abilities; work characteristics; occupational characteristics; and education and training requirements. The jobs are divided into the following nine categories: executive, administrative, and managerial; professional and technical; marketing and sales; administrative support and clerical; service; mechanics, installers, and repairers; construction trades; production; and miscellaneous. (MN) AU - Savisaar, Erik A. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 21 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Students KW - Postsecondary Education KW - Skilled Occupations KW - Professional Occupations KW - White Collar Occupations KW - Educational Needs KW - Decision Making KW - Employment Qualifications KW - Blue Collar Occupations KW - Job Skills KW - Finance Occupations KW - Office Occupations KW - Definitions KW - Career Education KW - Work Environment KW - Electrical Occupations KW - Education Work Relationship KW - Clerical Occupations KW - Sales Occupations KW - Occupational Clusters KW - Insurance Occupations KW - Employment Opportunities KW - Career Choice KW - Service Occupations KW - Secondary Education KW - Health Occupations KW - Personality Traits KW - Energy Occupations KW - Semiskilled Occupations KW - Technical Occupations KW - Managerial Occupations KW - Labor Market KW - Tables (Data) KW - Demand Occupations KW - Building Trades UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62393982?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Reprinted from the Fall 1998 issue of the "Occupat N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Fostering Program Governance. Training Guides for the Head Start Learning Community. AN - 62381637; ED436244 AB - This technical guide is a training tool to help members of Head Start governing bodies, policy groups, agency directors, and Head Start and Early Head Start directors understand their responsibilities in a Head Start environment that emphasizes shared decision-making. The guide offers a framework for clarifying expectations and provides concrete, practical information that can be used in the context of a local agency's unique history, issues, resources, and priorities. The guide contains the following modules: (1) "Understanding the Role of the Governing Body"; and (2) "Using the Tools of Governance in Shared Decision-Making." Both modules begin with activities to introduce the basic concepts; remaining activities are designed to allow all participants to clarify and practice skills. Each module contains "outcomes,""key concepts," and "background information." The final sections of the guide contain activities for participants to apply the skills learned to their own programs, and a list of about 52 annotated resources for further information on module topics. (EV) Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 80 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160427738 KW - Project Head Start KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Participative Decision Making KW - Administrators KW - Training KW - Preschool Education KW - Administration KW - Administrator Guides KW - Board Administrator Relationship KW - Governance KW - Decision Making KW - Governing Boards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62381637?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Well-Child Health Care: Making It Happen. Training Guides for the Head Start Learning Community. AN - 62379951; ED435468 AB - Noting that by assuring well-child health care, screening, assessment, and follow-up for every child, Head Start can make a significant difference in children's lives, this training guide is intended to provide support to enhance the quality of Head Start well-child health care. The three training modules of the guide are organized to provide learning opportunities in workshops or smaller sessions. Each module contains: (1) outcomes; (2) key concepts; (3) background information; (4) questions for discussion and reflection; (5) learning activities; (6) points to consider; (7) next step ideas to extend practice; and (8) handouts. Module one, "What Is Well-Child Health Care and Why Is It Important?" addresses the importance of well-child health care and linking a family to a medical home. Module two, "Partnerships in Ongoing Well-Child Health Care," addresses the importance of supporting parents as health care consumers by accessing the available services in their communities. Module three, "Advocacy, Action, and Access," addresses the importance of reaching out into the community for collaborations that could improve delivery of services to children and families, and advocating for change where services are missing. The guide concludes with sections on continuing professional development for Head Start staff and additional resources. Appendices include recommendations for well-child health care, well-child health care fact sheets, and blank records and forms for use by participants. (Contains an annotated bibliography and contact information for national organizations. (SD) Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 172 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. KW - Project Head Start KW - Training Materials KW - Well Child Care KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Practitioners KW - Support Staff KW - Teachers KW - Workshops KW - Health Programs KW - Training KW - Child Health KW - Childhood Needs KW - Professional Development KW - Child Welfare KW - Health Services KW - Preschool Education KW - Child Advocacy KW - Child Development KW - Preventive Medicine UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62379951?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For related Training Guide on "Infant and Toddler N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Adult Literacy in OECD Countries: Technical Report on the First International Adult Literacy Survey. AN - 62307438; ED445117 AB - In December 1995, the Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD) and Statistics Canada jointly published the results of the first International Adult Literacy Survey (IALS). For this survey, representative samples of adults aged 16 to 65 were interviewed and tested in their homes in Canada, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Poland, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United States. This report describes how the survey was conducted in each country and presents all available evidence on the extent of bias in each country's data. Potential sources of bias, including sampling error, non-sampling error, and the cultural appropriateness and construct validity of the assessment instruments, are discussed. The chapters are; (1) "Introduction" (Irwin S. Kirsch and T. Scott Murray); (2) "Sample Design" (Nancy Darcovich); (3) "Survey Response and Weighting" (Nancy Darcovich); (4) "Non-Response Bias" (Nancy Darcovich, Marilyn Binkley, Jon Cohen, Mats Myrberg, and Stefan Persson); (5) "Data Collection and Processing" (Nancy Darcovich and T. Scott Murray); (6) "Incentives and the Motivation To Perform Well" (Stan Jones); (7) "The Measurement of Adult Literacy" (Irwin S. Kirsch, Ann Jungeblut, and Peter B. Mosenthal); (8) "Validity Generalization of the Assessment across Countries" (Don Rock); (9) "An Analysis of Items with Different Parameters across Countries" (Marilyn R. Binkley and Jean R. Pignal); (10) "Scaling and Scale Linking" (Kentaro Yamamoto); (11) "Proficiency Estimation" (Kentaro Yamamoto and Irwin S. Kirsch); (12) "Plausibility of Proficiency Estimates" (Richard Shillington); and (13) "Nested-Factor Models for the Swedish IALS Data" (Bo Palaszewski). Fourteen appendixes contain supplemental information, some survey questionnaires, and additional documentation for various chapters. (Contains 94 tables, 12 figures, and 74 references.) (SLD) AU - Murray, Scott T. AU - Kirsch, Irwin S. AU - Jenkins, Lynn B. Y1 - 1998/01// PY - 1998 DA - January 1998 SP - 457 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160493722 KW - Canada KW - Europe KW - Organisation for Economic Cooperation Development KW - United States KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Adult Literacy KW - International Studies KW - Foreign Countries KW - Research Methodology KW - Surveys KW - Adults KW - Tables (Data) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62307438?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Tobacco Use among U.S. Racial/Ethnic Minority Groups--African Americans, American Indians and Alaska Natives, Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders, and Hispanics: A Report of the Surgeon General. Executive Summary. AN - 62233559; ED456392 AB - Smoking is the leading cause of preventable death in the United States and certain racial and ethnic minority groups are at higher risk for using tobacco. This is the first Surgeon General's report to focus on tobacco use among these four racial and ethnic minority groups. It provides a single, comprehensive source of data on each group's pattern of tobacco use and presents information on national and regional efforts to curtail consumption of tobacco products. Preventing health problems related to tobacco use among these individuals will be integral to achieving the Healthy People 2000 objectives. Following the introduction in Chapter 1, Chapter 2 illustrates how patterns of tobacco use differ among the groups. Chapter 3 compares the groups in terms of the incidence and prevalence of death rates for diseases commonly associated with tobacco use. Chapter 4 analyzes the smoking-related health status of these groups to determine if there is a differential risk for tobacco addiction. Chapter 5 discusses tobacco control and education efforts among members of the four ethnic minority groups. (Contains 43 references.) (JDM) Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 31 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328 (processing code 7813, $20). KW - African Americans KW - Pacific Islands KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Smoking KW - Prevention KW - Mortality Rate KW - Minority Groups KW - Blacks KW - Tobacco KW - Asian Americans KW - Government Publications KW - American Indians KW - Alaska Natives UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62233559?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Prepared by the U.S. Department of Health and Huma N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Cash versus Care: Implications for Social Welfare T2 - International Sociological Association AN - 61781075; 98S34410 AB - Argues that within the vast bulk of work undertaken on the welfare state, cash transfers have come to be regarded as the paradigmatic welfare state activity, although social services certainly make an appearance. Ways that transfers in kind differ from transfers made in cash are analyzed, noting implications for the understanding of contemporary social policy. JF - International Sociological Association AU - Gibson, Diane M Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 KW - Welfare State KW - Delivery Systems KW - Welfare Services KW - Social Welfare KW - proceeding KW - 2187: social problems and social welfare; social service programs/delivery systems UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61781075?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=International+Sociological+Association&rft.atitle=Cash+versus+Care%3A+Implications+for+Social+Welfare&rft.au=Gibson%2C+Diane+M&rft.aulast=Gibson&rft.aufirst=Diane&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Sociological+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-10 N1 - Publication note - 1998 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Privatisation of the Institutional Care Sector: Australia and the United Kingdom T2 - International Sociological Association AN - 61746114; 98S34411 AB - Compares the Australian & UK long-term institutional care programs in terms of their capacity to deliver efficient, equitable, & responsive services, & considers the extent to which the two systems fall in the relatively broad terrain defined by the term "quasi market." Elements oriented to either marketization or bureaucratic regulation models of care are identified. JF - International Sociological Association AU - Gibson, Diane M AU - Means, Robin Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 KW - Health Care KW - Privatization KW - Delivery Systems KW - Residential Institutions KW - Australia KW - United Kingdom KW - proceeding KW - 2045: sociology of health and medicine; sociology of medicine & health care UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61746114?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+Ecology&rft.atitle=Temperature+tolerances+of+toxic+dinoflagellate+cysts%3A+application+to+the+treatment+of+ships%27+ballast+water&rft.au=Hallegraeff%2C+G+M%3BValentine%2C+J+P%3BMarshall%2C+J-A%3BBolch%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Hallegraeff&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=47&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+Ecology&rft.issn=13862588&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-10 N1 - Publication note - 1998 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dimensions of Spiritual Meaning and Well-Being in the Lives of Ten Older Australians AN - 61622470; 9913885 AB - Examines how 10 prominent older Australians, ages 65+, impart a sense of spiritual meaning to their lives, via a secondary analysis of published interviews conducted by Caroline Jones on the Australian Broadcast Corp's radio program, "The Search for Meaning." The interviews explicitly address personal meaning, & focusing on nonroutine or spiritual aspects. The topics addressed are global sense of meaning, altruistic behavior, transcendent experiences, life review, & wisdom. Acquiring knowledge emerges as a global life purpose; altruistic behavior is prevalent, transcendent experiences are reported with frequency; life review & wisdom underscore both a sense of coherence & the continuity of personal characteristics over the life span, & a decidedly optimistic orientation toward human nature. The impression gained is one of older persons with an integrated & often deep & spiritual orientation toward their lives. 24 References. Adapted from the source document. JF - International Journal of Aging and Human Development AU - Meddin, Jacob Robert AD - Curtin U of Technology GPO Box U 1987 Perth 6001 Western Australia Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 SP - 163 EP - 175 VL - 47 IS - 3 SN - 0091-4150, 0091-4150 KW - Meaning KW - Well Being KW - Religiosity KW - Religious Orientations KW - Elderly KW - Australia KW - article KW - 2143: social problems and social welfare; social gerontology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61622470?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Aging+and+Human+Development&rft.atitle=Dimensions+of+Spiritual+Meaning+and+Well-Being+in+the+Lives+of+Ten+Older+Australians&rft.au=Meddin%2C+Jacob+Robert&rft.aulast=Meddin&rft.aufirst=Jacob&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=163&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Aging+and+Human+Development&rft.issn=00914150&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - IJADDT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Elderly; Australia; Religiosity; Religious Orientations; Well Being; Meaning ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toward Democracy or to the New Authoritarianism: The Case of Croatia AN - 61483956; 9917567 AB - Those skeptical about the ability of formerly communist parts of Europe to develop democratic, market-oriented societies claim that the weight of counterdemocratic cultural & ideological forces cannot be overcome in the near future. Analyzed here is how different demographic & socioeconomic characteristics (eg, gender, age, education, income, region, & religiosity), as well as the subjective variable of self-identification, can influence values, beliefs, & attitudes toward democracy as a political system, along with support for past, present, & future political regimes. Data from the 1995 World Value Survey for Croatia (N = 1,189 respondents) reveal that, in Croatia, demographic variables have a clear influence on values & attitude formation. Extreme supporters for democracy are those who exercise authoritarian attitudes (no distinction is made here between democracy as a political system & the present regime). It is argued that rejection of the present regime cannot be interpreted as rejection of democratic institutions or as lack of democratic value, but as rejection of corruption, nationalism, & social disintegration in general. 14 Tables, 26 References. Adapted from the source document. JF - Humboldt Journal of Social Relations AU - Sekulic, Dusko AU - Sporer, Zeljka AD - Dept of Sociology Flinders U of South Australia, GPO Box 2100 Adelaide 5001 South Australia Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 SP - 129 EP - 169 VL - 24 IS - 1-2 SN - 0160-4341, 0160-4341 KW - Socioeconomic Factors KW - Postcommunist Societies KW - Social Attitudes KW - Croatia KW - Beliefs KW - Democracy KW - Eastern Europe KW - Value Orientations KW - Sociodemographic Characteristics KW - article KW - 0770: social change and economic development; capitalism/socialism-world systems UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61483956?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Humboldt+Journal+of+Social+Relations&rft.atitle=Toward+Democracy+or+to+the+New+Authoritarianism%3A+The+Case+of+Croatia&rft.au=Sekulic%2C+Dusko%3BSporer%2C+Zeljka&rft.aulast=Sekulic&rft.aufirst=Dusko&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=129&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Humboldt+Journal+of+Social+Relations&rft.issn=01604341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - HJSRAB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Eastern Europe; Croatia; Postcommunist Societies; Democracy; Sociodemographic Characteristics; Socioeconomic Factors; Value Orientations; Beliefs; Social Attitudes ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Annual report: fiscal year 1997 AN - 59976428; 1999-1104840 AB - Annual report of the Government Printing Office; operating and financial performance, customer outreach, and other issues. On cover: GPO: an agency in transition. JF - United States Government Printing Office, 1998. vi+80 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - vi+80 PB - United States Government Printing Office KW - United States -- Government printing office UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59976428?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=vi%2B80&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Annual+report%3A+fiscal+year+1997&rft.title=Annual+report%3A+fiscal+year+1997&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - U S Govt Printing Office pa N1 - Document feature - il(s), table(s), chart(s), index(es) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Weak computer security in government: is the public at risk? hearing, May 19, 1998 T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-609 AN - 59975871; 1998-1106920 AB - Examines national security challenges in international computer networking, and in dependence of all levels of the public and private sector on computer information systems; focus on potential disruptions of vital systems by hackers or terrorists. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iv+203 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iv+203 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160574560 KW - Internal security -- United States KW - United States -- Information policy KW - United States -- Defenses KW - Computer networks -- Security measures KW - Internet -- Security measures KW - Infrastructure -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59975871?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B203&rft.isbn=0160574560&rft.btitle=Weak+computer+security+in+government%3A+is+the+public+at+risk%3F+hearing%2C+May+19%2C+1998&rft.title=Weak+computer+security+in+government%3A+is+the+public+at+risk%3F+hearing%2C+May+19%2C+1998&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057456-0) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Telepresence: hearing, April 30, 1997 T2 - 105th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 105-761 AN - 59973913; 1999-1106300 AB - Examines technologies of human-machine interfaces, such as virtual environments, teleoperators, and communication networks. Systems which extend a human operator's sensory-motor facilities and problem solving abilities to a remote environment, for example "telerobots". JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+65 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+65 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160578760 KW - Robots -- United States KW - Virtual reality -- United States KW - Technological innovations -- United States KW - Telecommunications -- Research KW - United States -- Technology policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59973913?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=172&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057876-0) pa N1 - Document feature - chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Counterterrorism: evaluating the 5-year plan: special hearing, [March 31, 1998] T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-711 AN - 59973395; 1999-0207270 AB - Examines issues for a proposed federal interagency counterterrorism and technology crime plan; role of the Justice Department, FBI, and other government agencies. Addresses prevention, deterrence, crisis management, consequence management, cyber-terrorism, critical technologies, and research and development (R&D). JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+53 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+53 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160577519 KW - Internal security -- United States KW - Terrorism -- United States KW - United States -- Defenses KW - Terrorism -- International aspects KW - Counterterrorism -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59973395?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B53&rft.isbn=0160577519&rft.btitle=Counterterrorism%3A+evaluating+the+5-year+plan%3A+special+hearing%2C&rft.title=Counterterrorism%3A+evaluating+the+5-year+plan%3A+special+hearing%2C&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057751-9) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Information security: hearing, September 23, 1998 T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-786 AN - 59973284; 1999-0206890 AB - Examines the security of Federal computer systems, focusing on security of the private and sensitive information kept on the government's computers about each American, and security problems at the Veterans Affairs Department and the Social Security Administration. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+200 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+200 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160579201 KW - Information processing systems -- Government use KW - United States -- Veterans affairs department KW - Privacy -- United States KW - United States -- Social security administration UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59973284?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0160489695&rft.btitle=Teachers%27+Working+Conditions.+Findings+from+%22The+Condition+of+Education%2C+1996%2C%22+No.+7.&rft.title=Teachers%27+Working+Conditions.+Findings+from+%22The+Condition+of+Education%2C+1996%2C%22+No.+7.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057920-1) pa N1 - Document feature - chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Foreign terrorists in America: five years after the World Trade Center: hearing, February 24, 1998, on examining the extent of and policies to prevent foreign terrorist operations in America T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. Serial no. J-105-75 S. hearing 105-703 AN - 59972782; 1999-0108140 JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iv+179 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iv+179 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160577284 KW - Radicalism -- United States KW - Terrorism -- United States KW - New York, New York -- World trade center KW - Bombings (political) -- United States -- New York (state) KW - Counterterrorism -- United States KW - United States -- Law enforcement UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59972782?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B179&rft.isbn=0160577284&rft.btitle=Foreign+terrorists+in+America%3A+five+years+after+the+World+Trade+Center%3A+hearing%2C+February+24%2C+1998%2C+on+examining+the+extent+of+and+policies+to+prevent+foreign+terrorist+operations+in+America&rft.title=Foreign+terrorists+in+America%3A+five+years+after+the+World+Trade+Center%3A+hearing%2C+February+24%2C+1998%2C+on+examining+the+extent+of+and+policies+to+prevent+foreign+terrorist+operations+in+America&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057728-4) pa N1 - Document feature - il(s), table(s), chart(s), map(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Proceedings of the 7th annual Federal Depository Library Conference, April 20-23, 1998 AN - 59970372; 1998-1102100 AB - Examines public service guidelines for government information in electronic formats, and related topics, including use of federal bulletin boards, digital library projects, and web page development. JF - United States Government Printing Office, 1998. xiv+181 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - xiv+181 PB - United States Government Printing Office KW - Libraries, Depository -- Automation KW - Electronic publishing -- United States KW - Government information -- Information processing systems KW - United States -- Information policy KW - Government information -- Web sites KW - Government publications -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59970372?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0160489644&rft.btitle=Realizing+the+Potential%3A+Improving+Postsecondary+Teaching%2C+Learning%2C+and+Assessment.&rft.title=Realizing+the+Potential%3A+Improving+Postsecondary+Teaching%2C+Learning%2C+and+Assessment.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - U S Govt Printing Office pa N1 - Document feature - il(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Retirement security policy: proposals to preserve and protect Social Security: hearing, September 9, 1998 T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-960 AN - 59970196; 1999-0908550 AB - United States. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iv+109 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iv+109 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 016058471X KW - Retirement income -- United States KW - Social insurance -- United States KW - Social and economic security -- United States KW - United States -- Social policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59970196?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B109&rft.isbn=016058471X&rft.btitle=Retirement+security+policy%3A+proposals+to+preserve+and+protect+Social+Security%3A+hearing%2C+September+9%2C+1998&rft.title=Retirement+security+policy%3A+proposals+to+preserve+and+protect+Social+Security%3A+hearing%2C+September+9%2C+1998&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-058471-X) pa N1 - Document feature - il(s), table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Teaching in the new millennium: how we can prepare today's teachers for tomorrow's schools: hearing, June 15, 1998, on examining innovative teacher training methods and to provide information as to how teachers can receive quality professional development T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-597 AN - 59969578; 1998-1011660 JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+69 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+69 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160574137 KW - Teachers -- Training KW - Innovation in education -- United States KW - United States -- Educational policy KW - Teaching -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59969578?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0160489490&rft.btitle=International+Education+Indicators%3A+A+Time+Series+Perspective.&rft.title=International+Education+Indicators%3A+A+Time+Series+Perspective.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057413-7) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The safety of food imports: hearing: pt. 1, May 14, 1998 T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-516 (pt. 1) AN - 59969184; 1998-1011340 AB - Discusses effects of the increasing volume of imported food on the US food supply, and the efficiency and effectiveness of federal agencies charged with ensuring safety by inspections at the ports of entry and other means. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iv+287 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iv+287 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160571324 KW - Food supply -- United States KW - Food contamination and inspection -- United States KW - Food industry -- Export-import trade KW - United States -- Agricultural sector UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59969184?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B287&rft.isbn=0160571324&rft.btitle=The+safety+of+food+imports%3A+hearing%3A+pt.+1%2C+May+14%2C+1998&rft.title=The+safety+of+food+imports%3A+hearing%3A+pt.+1%2C+May+14%2C+1998&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057132-4) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - S. 1868: the International Religious Freedom Act of 1998: hearing, May 12 and June 17, 1998 T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-591 AN - 59969165; 1998-1011260 AB - Discusses religious persecution abroad, and US legislation to address this human rights problem. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+136 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+136 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160573866 KW - Human rights -- International aspects KW - United States -- Foreign relations KW - Religious liberty -- United States -- Legislation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59969165?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=Charlene&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0160489334&rft.btitle=Federal+Support+for+Education.+Fiscal+Years+1980+to+1996.&rft.title=Federal+Support+for+Education.+Fiscal+Years+1980+to+1996.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057386-6) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Alzheimer's disease: special hearing, [March 24, 1998] T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-555 AN - 59969087; 1998-1010900 AB - Discusses increasing the funding of the National Institutes of Health to allow for additional Alzheimer's research, symptoms and extent of the disease, and potential treatments. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+32 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+32 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 016057255X KW - Medical research -- Finance KW - Alzheimer's disease -- United States KW - United States -- Health policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59969087?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B32&rft.isbn=016057255X&rft.btitle=Alzheimer%27s+disease%3A+special+hearing%2C&rft.title=Alzheimer%27s+disease%3A+special+hearing%2C&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057255-X) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Equity in Prescription Insurance and Contraceptive Coverage Act: hearing, July 21, 1998, on S. 766, to require equitable coverage of prescription contraceptive drugs and devices, and contraceptive services under health plans T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-604 AN - 59969085; 1998-1010670 JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+33 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+33 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160574323 KW - Women -- Medical care KW - Health insurance -- Legal aspects KW - Women -- Equal rights KW - United States -- Health policy KW - United States -- Food and drug administration KW - Contraceptives -- Legal aspects KW - Birth control -- Legal aspects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59969085?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=016048961X&rft.btitle=The+Schools+and+Staffing+Survey.+Recommendations+for+the+Future.+Conference+Proceedings.&rft.title=The+Schools+and+Staffing+Survey.+Recommendations+for+the+Future.+Conference+Proceedings.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057432-3) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Encryption: hearing, March 19, 1997 T2 - 105th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 105-322 AN - 59968623; 1998-1011430 AB - On the administration's encryption proposal restricting exports containing encryption technology unless these products have a key recovery, and its effect on law enforcement, national security, and domestic industry; US. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. v+185 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - v+185 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160573874 KW - Internal security -- United States KW - Cryptography -- Regulation KW - Communication, Interception of -- United States KW - Internal security, Industrial -- United States KW - Computer networks -- Security measures KW - Communication equipment industry -- Export-import trade -- Regulation KW - United States -- Technology policy KW - Information processing systems -- Security measures KW - Data transmission systems -- Security measures UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59968623?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=v%2B185&rft.isbn=0160573874&rft.btitle=Encryption%3A+hearing%2C+March+19%2C+1997&rft.title=Encryption%3A+hearing%2C+March+19%2C+1997&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057387-4) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Cigarette advertising and the First Amendment to the Constitution: hearing, February 10, 1998, on S. 1530, a bill to resolve ongoing tobacco litigation, to reform the civil justice system responsible for adjudicating tort claims against companies that manufacture tobacco products, and establish a national tobacco policy for the United States that will decrease youth tobacco use and reduce the marketing of tobacco products to young Americans T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. Serial no. J-105-73 S. hearing 105-541 AN - 59968541; 1998-1011210 JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+84 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+84 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160572096 KW - Tobacco industry -- United States -- Legislation KW - Advertising -- Children, Appeal to KW - United States -- Constitution -- First amendment KW - Tobacco industry -- Legal aspects KW - Advertising -- Cigarette industry -- Regulation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59968541?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Medrich%2C+Elliott&rft.aulast=Medrich&rft.aufirst=Elliott&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0160489709&rft.btitle=Preparation+for+Work.+Findings+from+%22The+Condition+of+Education%2C+1996%2C%22+No.+8.&rft.title=Preparation+for+Work.+Findings+from+%22The+Condition+of+Education%2C+1996%2C%22+No.+8.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057209-6) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Vision 2020 National Parks Restoration Act: hearings: pt. 1, April 1 and 30, 1998, on S. 624, to establish a competitive process for the awarding of concession contracts in units of the National Park System, and for other purposes; S. 1693, to renew, reform, reinvigorate, and protect the National Park System T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-579 (pt. 1) AN - 59968073; 1998-1010630 JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+130 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+130 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160573459 KW - Public lands -- United States -- Legislation KW - United States -- National park service KW - Parks, National -- United States -- Legislation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59968073?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B130&rft.isbn=0160573459&rft.btitle=Vision+2020+National+Parks+Restoration+Act%3A+hearings%3A+pt.+1%2C+April+1+and+30%2C+1998%2C+on+S.+624%2C+to+establish+a+competitive+process+for+the+awarding+of+concession+contracts+in+units+of+the+National+Park+System%2C+and+for+other+purposes%3B+S.+1693%2C+to+renew%2C+reform%2C+reinvigorate%2C+and+protect+the+National+Park+System&rft.title=Vision+2020+National+Parks+Restoration+Act%3A+hearings%3A+pt.+1%2C+April+1+and+30%2C+1998%2C+on+S.+624%2C+to+establish+a+competitive+process+for+the+awarding+of+concession+contracts+in+units+of+the+National+Park+System%2C+and+for+other+purposes%3B+S.+1693%2C+to+renew%2C+reform%2C+reinvigorate%2C+and+protect+the+National+Park+System&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057345-9) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Solution of disapproval of the Jackson-Vanik waiver for Vietnam: hearing, July 7, 1998, on S.J. Res. 47 T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-933 AN - 59967753; 1999-0915360 AB - Examines Clinton administration decision to renew the waiver, and congressional opposition; focus on Vietnamese emigration policy. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iv+201 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iv+201 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160583888 KW - Executive-legislative relations -- United States KW - United States -- Economic relations -- Vietnam KW - Vietnam -- Immigration policy KW - Vietnam -- Economic relations -- United States KW - Immigration and emigration KW - United States -- Commercial policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59967753?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Binkley%2C+Marilyn&rft.aulast=Binkley&rft.aufirst=Marilyn&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0160489571&rft.btitle=Reading+Literacy+in+an+International+Perspective%3A+Collected+Papers+from+the+IEA+Reading+Literacy+Study.&rft.title=Reading+Literacy+in+an+International+Perspective%3A+Collected+Papers+from+the+IEA+Reading+Literacy+Study.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-058388-8) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Substance abuse: the science of addiction and options for treatment: hearing, July 28, 1998, on examining measures to provide for nondiscriminatory coverage for substance abuse treatment services under private group and individual health coverage, focusing on scientific evidence with regard to substance abuse and addiction and the effectiveness of certain prevention and treatment strategies (on S. 1147, and provisions of H.R. 2409) T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-645 AN - 59966696; 1998-1207380 JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+77 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+77 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160576326 KW - Drug abuse -- Prevention KW - Drug addicts -- Rehabilitation KW - United States -- Social conditions KW - Health insurance -- United States -- Legislation KW - Alcoholism -- Rehabilitation KW - Substance abuse KW - Drug addicts -- Care and treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59966696?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B77&rft.isbn=0160576326&rft.btitle=Substance+abuse%3A+the+science+of+addiction+and+options+for+treatment%3A+hearing%2C+July+28%2C+1998%2C+on+examining+measures+to+provide+for+nondiscriminatory+coverage+for+substance+abuse+treatment+services+under+private+group+and+individual+health+coverage%2C+focusing+on+scientific+evidence+with+regard+to+substance+abuse+and+addiction+and+the+effectiveness+of+certain+prevention+and+treatment+strategies+%28on+S.+1147%2C+and+provisions+of+H.R.+2409%29&rft.title=Substance+abuse%3A+the+science+of+addiction+and+options+for+treatment%3A+hearing%2C+July+28%2C+1998%2C+on+examining+measures+to+provide+for+nondiscriminatory+coverage+for+substance+abuse+treatment+services+under+private+group+and+individual+health+coverage%2C+focusing+on+scientific+evidence+with+regard+to+substance+abuse+and+addiction+and+the+effectiveness+of+certain+prevention+and+treatment+strategies+%28on+S.+1147%2C+and+provisions+of+H.R.+2409%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057632-6) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Myths and facts of S. 10's juvenile recordkeeping requirements: hearing, March 9, 1998, on S. 10, a bill to reduce violent juvenile crime, promote accountability by juvenile criminals, punish and deter violent gang crime, and for other purposes T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. Serial no. J-105-85 S. hearing 105-585 AN - 59966308; 1998-1210290 AB - Improving access to criminal histories of young offenders, state expungement practices, and other issues; US. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+53 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+53 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160574374 KW - Juvenile justice -- Information processing systems KW - Criminal registers -- United States KW - Juvenile delinquents -- Legal status, laws, etc. KW - Privacy -- Legal aspects KW - Juvenile justice -- United States KW - United States -- Law enforcement UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59966308?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=016048944X&rft.btitle=Building+Knowledge+for+a+Nation+of+Learners%3A+A+Framework+for+Education+Research+1997.+A+Report+by+the+Assistant+Secretary%2C+Office+of+Educational+Research+and+Improvement%2C+Sharon+P.+Robinson%2C+and+the+National+Educational+Research+Policy+and+Priorities+Board.&rft.title=Building+Knowledge+for+a+Nation+of+Learners%3A+A+Framework+for+Education+Research+1997.+A+Report+by+the+Assistant+Secretary%2C+Office+of+Educational+Research+and+Improvement%2C+Sharon+P.+Robinson%2C+and+the+National+Educational+Research+Policy+and+Priorities+Board.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057437-4) pa N1 - Document feature - chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Cyber attack: is the nation at risk? hearing, June 24, 1998 T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-614 AN - 59965602; 1998-1209780 AB - Focus on intelligence community's assessment of threats to the national information technology infrastructure; US. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+35 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+35 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160574714 KW - Internal security -- United States KW - Information technology -- Military applications KW - Terrorism -- United States KW - United States -- Intelligence service KW - United States -- Defenses KW - Information processing systems -- Security measures UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59965602?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B35&rft.isbn=0160574714&rft.btitle=Cyber+attack%3A+is+the+nation+at+risk%3F+hearing%2C+June+24%2C+1998&rft.title=Cyber+attack%3A+is+the+nation+at+risk%3F+hearing%2C+June+24%2C+1998&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057471-4) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Methamphetamine: a new deadly neighbor: hearing, April 6, 1998, on addressing the subject of methamphetamine, its use and its problems for law enforcement T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-669 Serial no. J-105-94 AN - 59965467; 1998-1211380 JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+71 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+71 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160576369 KW - Drug abuse -- United States KW - Amphetamines -- United States KW - Drug addicts -- United States KW - United States -- Law enforcement UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59965467?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0160489172&rft.btitle=Adjusting+for+Coverage+Bias+Using+Telephone+Service+Interruption+Data.+National+Household+Education+Survey+of+1993.+Technical+Report.&rft.title=Adjusting+for+Coverage+Bias+Using+Telephone+Service+Interruption+Data.+National+Household+Education+Survey+of+1993.+Technical+Report.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057636-9) pa N1 - Document feature - il(s), table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania and United States Baltic policy: hearing, July 15, 1998 T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-651 AN - 59964314; 1998-1211130 AB - Examines the countries' state of affairs, and the goal of US foreign policy to promote prosperity and security there; some focus on aspirations to NATO membership. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+60 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+60 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160575826 KW - North Atlantic treaty organization -- Membership KW - Lithuania -- Foreign relations KW - Latvia -- Foreign relations KW - Estonia -- Foreign relations KW - United States -- Foreign relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59964314?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B60&rft.isbn=0160575826&rft.btitle=Estonia%2C+Latvia%2C+and+Lithuania+and+United+States+Baltic+policy%3A+hearing%2C+July+15%2C+1998&rft.title=Estonia%2C+Latvia%2C+and+Lithuania+and+United+States+Baltic+policy%3A+hearing%2C+July+15%2C+1998&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057582-6) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - President's renewal of normal trade relations with China: hearing, July 9, 1998 T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-940 AN - 59964054; 1999-0908500 AB - Discusses the role of commerce in building a constructive economic and strategic relationship between US and China. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iv+122 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iv+122 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160584728 KW - China (People's Republic) -- Commerce -- United States KW - United States -- Foreign relations KW - United States -- Commercial policy KW - United States -- Commerce -- China (People's Republic) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59964054?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B122&rft.isbn=0160584728&rft.btitle=President%27s+renewal+of+normal+trade+relations+with+China%3A+hearing%2C+July+9%2C+1998&rft.title=President%27s+renewal+of+normal+trade+relations+with+China%3A+hearing%2C+July+9%2C+1998&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-058472-8) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Arctic National Wildlife Refuge resources: hearing, July 23, 1998, on the U.S. Geological Survey's estimates in the 1002 area of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR) T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-755 AN - 59962712; 1999-0309830 AB - Examines estimates of petroleum reserves in the ANWR. Focus on US Geological Survey (USGS) oil and gas potential of the 1002 Area of the ANWR. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+59 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+59 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160578825 KW - Petroleum industry -- United States -- Alaska KW - Petroleum industry -- Prospecting -- Environmental aspects KW - Environment -- United States -- Alaska KW - Arctic region -- Environmental conditions KW - Wildlife conservation -- United States -- Alaska KW - United States -- Native races KW - Oil well drilling -- Environmental aspects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59962712?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B59&rft.isbn=0160578825&rft.btitle=Arctic+National+Wildlife+Refuge+resources%3A+hearing%2C+July+23%2C+1998%2C+on+the+U.S.+Geological+Survey%27s+estimates+in+the+1002+area+of+the+Arctic+National+Wildlife+Refuge+%28ANWR%29&rft.title=Arctic+National+Wildlife+Refuge+resources%3A+hearing%2C+July+23%2C+1998%2C+on+the+U.S.+Geological+Survey%27s+estimates+in+the+1002+area+of+the+Arctic+National+Wildlife+Refuge+%28ANWR%29&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057882-5) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Health insurance coverage for 55- to 64-year-olds: hearing, June 25, 1998, on examining a report entitled "Private health insurance: declining employer coverage may affect access for 55- to 64-year-olds," which addresses the employment, income, health, and health insurance status of the near elderly population and their ability to obtain employer-based health insurance if they retire before becoming eligible for Medicare, and proposed legislation to expand access to health coverage for certain uninsured Americans aged 55-64 who are not yet eligible for Medicare T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-618 AN - 59958380; 1998-1104160 JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+76 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+76 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160575095 KW - Sickness benefit plans -- United States KW - Employees' benefit plans -- United States KW - Uninsured persons -- United States KW - United States -- Labor policy KW - United States -- Health policy KW - Health insurance -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59958380?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B76&rft.isbn=0160575095&rft.btitle=Health+insurance+coverage+for+55-+to+64-year-olds%3A+hearing%2C+June+25%2C+1998%2C+on+examining+a+report+entitled+%22Private+health+insurance%3A+declining+employer+coverage+may+affect+access+for+55-+to+64-year-olds%2C%22+which+addresses+the+employment%2C+income%2C+health%2C+and+health+insurance+status+of+the+near+elderly+population+and+their+ability+to+obtain+employer-based+health+insurance+if+they+retire+before+becoming+eligible+for+Medicare%2C+and+proposed+legislation+to+expand+access+to+health+coverage+for+certain+uninsured+Americans+aged+55-64+who+are+not+yet+eligible+for+Medicare&rft.title=Health+insurance+coverage+for+55-+to+64-year-olds%3A+hearing%2C+June+25%2C+1998%2C+on+examining+a+report+entitled+%22Private+health+insurance%3A+declining+employer+coverage+may+affect+access+for+55-+to+64-year-olds%2C%22+which+addresses+the+employment%2C+income%2C+health%2C+and+health+insurance+status+of+the+near+elderly+population+and+their+ability+to+obtain+employer-based+health+insurance+if+they+retire+before+becoming+eligible+for+Medicare%2C+and+proposed+legislation+to+expand+access+to+health+coverage+for+certain+uninsured+Americans+aged+55-64+who+are+not+yet+eligible+for+Medicare&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057509-5) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Assistive technology: hearing, April 29, 1998, on examining how assistive technology should be developed into the 21st century to adequately meet the needs of persons with disabilities, focusing on proposed legislation to authorize funds for programs of the Technology-Related Assistance for Individuals with Disabilities Act of 1988 (Public Law 100-407) T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-518 AN - 59957634; 1998-0909610 JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+108 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+108 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160571588 KW - Self-help devices for the disabled -- United States KW - Technological innovations -- United States KW - Disabled -- United States KW - United States -- Health policy KW - United States -- Social policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59957634?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B108&rft.isbn=0160571588&rft.btitle=Assistive+technology%3A+hearing%2C+April+29%2C+1998%2C+on+examining+how+assistive+technology+should+be+developed+into+the+21st+century+to+adequately+meet+the+needs+of+persons+with+disabilities%2C+focusing+on+proposed+legislation+to+authorize+funds+for+programs+of+the+Technology-Related+Assistance+for+Individuals+with+Disabilities+Act+of+1988+%28Public+Law+100-407%29&rft.title=Assistive+technology%3A+hearing%2C+April+29%2C+1998%2C+on+examining+how+assistive+technology+should+be+developed+into+the+21st+century+to+adequately+meet+the+needs+of+persons+with+disabilities%2C+focusing+on+proposed+legislation+to+authorize+funds+for+programs+of+the+Technology-Related+Assistance+for+Individuals+with+Disabilities+Act+of+1988+%28Public+Law+100-407%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057158-8) pa N1 - Document feature - il(s), table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Biodiesel energy and methane hydrate research: hearing, May 21, 1998, on S. 1141, to amend the Energy Policy Act of 1992 to take into account newly developed renewable energy-based fuels and to equalize alternative fuel vehicle acquisition incentives to increase the flexibility of controlled fleet owners and operators, and for other purposes; S. 1418, to promote the research, identification, assessment, exploration, and development of methane hydrate resources, and for other purposes T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-622 AN - 59954291; 1998-1104260 JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+97 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+97 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160574978 KW - Methane -- Research KW - Renewable energy sources -- Research KW - United States -- Energy policy -- Legislation KW - Power resources -- Research KW - Diesel fuels -- Research UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59954291?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B97&rft.isbn=0160574978&rft.btitle=Biodiesel+energy+and+methane+hydrate+research%3A+hearing%2C+May+21%2C+1998%2C+on+S.+1141%2C+to+amend+the+Energy+Policy+Act+of+1992+to+take+into+account+newly+developed+renewable+energy-based+fuels+and+to+equalize+alternative+fuel+vehicle+acquisition+incentives+to+increase+the+flexibility+of+controlled+fleet+owners+and+operators%2C+and+for+other+purposes%3B+S.+1418%2C+to+promote+the+research%2C+identification%2C+assessment%2C+exploration%2C+and+development+of+methane+hydrate+resources%2C+and+for+other+purposes&rft.title=Biodiesel+energy+and+methane+hydrate+research%3A+hearing%2C+May+21%2C+1998%2C+on+S.+1141%2C+to+amend+the+Energy+Policy+Act+of+1992+to+take+into+account+newly+developed+renewable+energy-based+fuels+and+to+equalize+alternative+fuel+vehicle+acquisition+incentives+to+increase+the+flexibility+of+controlled+fleet+owners+and+operators%2C+and+for+other+purposes%3B+S.+1418%2C+to+promote+the+research%2C+identification%2C+assessment%2C+exploration%2C+and+development+of+methane+hydrate+resources%2C+and+for+other+purposes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057497-8) pa N1 - Document feature - bibl(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Competition, innovation, and public policy in the digital age: hearings, November 4, 1997-July 23, 1998, on examining the impact of high-growth technology and the Internet on antitrust, intellectual property, competition policy and enforcement T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. Serial no. J-105-66 S. hearing 105-790 AN - 59954016; 1999-0206860 JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. v+430 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - v+430 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160579252 KW - Public policy -- Research KW - Competition -- Regulation KW - Internet -- Legal aspects KW - Trusts, Industrial -- Regulation KW - Technological innovations -- United States KW - Property, Intellectual -- United States KW - United States -- Technology policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59954016?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=v%2B430&rft.isbn=0160579252&rft.btitle=Competition%2C+innovation%2C+and+public+policy+in+the+digital+age%3A+hearings%2C+November+4%2C+1997-July+23%2C+1998%2C+on+examining+the+impact+of+high-growth+technology+and+the+Internet+on+antitrust%2C+intellectual+property%2C+competition+policy+and+enforcement&rft.title=Competition%2C+innovation%2C+and+public+policy+in+the+digital+age%3A+hearings%2C+November+4%2C+1997-July+23%2C+1998%2C+on+examining+the+impact+of+high-growth+technology+and+the+Internet+on+antitrust%2C+intellectual+property%2C+competition+policy+and+enforcement&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057925-2) pa N1 - Document feature - il(s), table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Year 2000 liability and disclosure: hearing, October 22, 1997, on potential for problems related to year 2000 computer conversion and need for disclosure T2 - 105th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 105-743 AN - 59953935; 1999-0206700 AB - Examines potential for problems related to year 2000 computer conversion, and possible SEC regulation or legislation requiring companies to inform investors about Y2K-related costs, risks, and remediation efforts and progress. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iv+75 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iv+75 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160579155 KW - United States -- Business enterprises KW - Corporations -- Regulation KW - Year 2000 computer date conversion KW - Investors -- Legal status, laws, etc. KW - United States -- Securities and exchange commission KW - Corporations -- Liability KW - Disclosure of information (securities law) -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59953935?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B75&rft.isbn=0160579155&rft.btitle=Year+2000+liability+and+disclosure%3A+hearing%2C+October+22%2C+1997%2C+on+potential+for+problems+related+to+year+2000+computer+conversion+and+need+for+disclosure&rft.title=Year+2000+liability+and+disclosure%3A+hearing%2C+October+22%2C+1997%2C+on+potential+for+problems+related+to+year+2000+computer+conversion+and+need+for+disclosure&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057915-5) pa N1 - Document feature - il(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Democracy in Africa: the new generation of African leaders: hearing, March 12, 1998 T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-559 AN - 59953253; 1998-0909740 AB - Discusses leadership, political power, and factors which can lead to democratization, stressing the importance of an independent judicial system, a professional military, elections, and a free press. Some focus on Presidents Yoweri Museveni of Uganda, Paul Kagame of Rwanda, Meles Zenawi of Ethiopia, Isaias Afwerki of Eritrea, and Laurent Kabila of the Democratic Republic of Congo. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+52 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+52 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160572703 KW - Democracy -- Africa KW - Leadership -- Africa KW - Kagamé, Paul KW - Africa -- Government and politics KW - Political power -- Africa UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59953253?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B52&rft.isbn=0160572703&rft.btitle=Democracy+in+Africa%3A+the+new+generation+of+African+leaders%3A+hearing%2C+March+12%2C+1998&rft.title=Democracy+in+Africa%3A+the+new+generation+of+African+leaders%3A+hearing%2C+March+12%2C+1998&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=105_senate_hearings&docid=f:48230.wais LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057270-3) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The price we pay for illiteracy: hearing, December 11, 1998, on examining educational goals, focusing on literacy T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-787 AN - 59948405; 1999-0610090 AB - Discusses government and private programs to increase literacy; some focus on literacy levels, functional literacy, and health literacy; US. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+93 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+93 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160579945 KW - United States -- Educational sector KW - Illiteracy -- United States KW - Literacy -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59948405?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=593&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=European+Journal+of+Soil+Science&rft.issn=13510754&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057994-5) pa N1 - Document feature - bibl(s), table(s), chart(s), map(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Preventing child exploitation on the Internet: special hearing, [March 10, 1998] T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-615 AN - 59946189; 1998-1107010 AB - Testimony from the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) on effectiveness of its' current programs to protect children from sexual predators on the Internet; with recommendations for additional federal intervention. Also describes the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children's (NCMEC) CyberTipline permitting anonymous reporting of potential abuses by telephone. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+37 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+37 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 016057482X KW - Pornography -- Regulation KW - Sex offenders -- United States KW - Children -- Crimes against KW - Internet -- Social aspects KW - United States -- Social conditions KW - United States -- Federal bureau of investigation KW - United States -- Social policy KW - Child abuse -- Prevention UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59946189?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B37&rft.isbn=016057482X&rft.btitle=Preventing+child+exploitation+on+the+Internet%3A+special+hearing%2C&rft.title=Preventing+child+exploitation+on+the+Internet%3A+special+hearing%2C&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.access.gpo.gov/congress/senate/senate03ch.html LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057482-X) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Medicare+Choice implementation: hearing, July 30, 1998 T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-986 AN - 59943879; 1999-0900550 AB - Examines progress in administration of the program granting Medicare beneficiaries additional benefit options through HMOs and preferred provider organizations, and progress in the consumer education campaign; US. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iv+93 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iv+93 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160586666 KW - Health maintenance organizations -- United States KW - Preferred provider organizations -- United States KW - United States -- Health policy KW - Medicare -- United States KW - Managed care -- United States KW - Consumer education -- United States KW - Health insurance -- Administration UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59943879?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B93&rft.isbn=0160586666&rft.btitle=Medicare%2BChoice+implementation%3A+hearing%2C+July+30%2C+1998&rft.title=Medicare%2BChoice+implementation%3A+hearing%2C+July+30%2C+1998&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-058666-6) pa N1 - Document feature - bibl(s), table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Business practices in the professional boxing industry: hearing, March 24, 1998 T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-712 AN - 59941351; 1999-0309670 AB - Examines relationships between promoters, managers, and sanctioning bodies, and effect of current practices on athletes, fans, and competition in the sport; regulatory options. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+61 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+61 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160578531 KW - Boxing -- Regulation KW - Professional sports -- United States KW - Business -- Ethics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59941351?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B61&rft.isbn=0160578531&rft.btitle=Business+practices+in+the+professional+boxing+industry%3A+hearing%2C+March+24%2C+1998&rft.title=Business+practices+in+the+professional+boxing+industry%3A+hearing%2C+March+24%2C+1998&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057853-1) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Critical infrastructure protection: toward a new policy directive: hearings, March 17 and June 10, 1998, on examining the need for a national strategy and policies to protect the critical infrastructures of the United States T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. Serial no. J-105-88 S. hearing 105-763 AN - 59940597; 1999-0604700 AB - Assesses threats to US telecommunications and information systems; need for the Clinton administration, Defense Department, and other agencies to develop protective countermeasures. Dealing with possible "cyberwarfare" and information warfare attacks, JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+163 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+163 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 016057921X KW - Internal security -- United States KW - Telecommunications -- Security measures KW - United States -- Information policy KW - Computer networks -- Security measures KW - Military planning -- United States KW - United States -- Defenses KW - Information processing systems -- Security measures KW - Internet -- Security measures KW - Infrastructure -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59940597?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B163&rft.isbn=016057921X&rft.btitle=Critical+infrastructure+protection%3A+toward+a+new+policy+directive%3A+hearings%2C+March+17+and+June+10%2C+1998%2C+on+examining+the+need+for+a+national+strategy+and+policies+to+protect+the+critical+infrastructures+of+the+United+States&rft.title=Critical+infrastructure+protection%3A+toward+a+new+policy+directive%3A+hearings%2C+March+17+and+June+10%2C+1998%2C+on+examining+the+need+for+a+national+strategy+and+policies+to+protect+the+critical+infrastructures+of+the+United+States&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057921-X) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Puerto Rico: hearings, July 14-15, 1998, on H.R. 856, to provide a process leading to full self-government for Puerto Rico; S. 472, to provide for referenda in which the residents of Puerto Rico may express democratically their preferences regarding the political status of the territory, and for other purposes T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-706 AN - 59939991; 1999-0108170 JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+175 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+175 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160577365 KW - Self-determination, National KW - Statehood (United States) KW - Puerto Rico -- Government and politics KW - United States and Puerto Rico KW - Puerto Rico -- Nationalism KW - Referendum -- Puerto Rico UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59939991?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B175&rft.isbn=0160577365&rft.btitle=Puerto+Rico%3A+hearings%2C+July+14-15%2C+1998%2C+on+H.R.+856%2C+to+provide+a+process+leading+to+full+self-government+for+Puerto+Rico%3B+S.+472%2C+to+provide+for+referenda+in+which+the+residents+of+Puerto+Rico+may+express+democratically+their+preferences+regarding+the+political+status+of+the+territory%2C+and+for+other+purposes&rft.title=Puerto+Rico%3A+hearings%2C+July+14-15%2C+1998%2C+on+H.R.+856%2C+to+provide+a+process+leading+to+full+self-government+for+Puerto+Rico%3B+S.+472%2C+to+provide+for+referenda+in+which+the+residents+of+Puerto+Rico+may+express+democratically+their+preferences+regarding+the+political+status+of+the+territory%2C+and+for+other+purposes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057736-5) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Easing the family caregiver burden: programs around the nation: forum, September 10, 1998 T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. Serial no. 105-32 S. hearing 105-863 AN - 59938422; 1999-0407010 AB - On assistance to family caregivers of the elderly and the disabled through philanthropic foundations, non-profit organizations, states, cities, the private sector, and volunteer programs. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+181 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+181 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160581338 KW - Family -- Social aspects KW - Disabled -- Home care KW - Social service -- Work with the aged KW - Old age -- Care and treatment KW - United States -- Social policy KW - Old age -- Home care UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59938422?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B181&rft.isbn=0160581338&rft.btitle=Easing+the+family+caregiver+burden%3A+programs+around+the+nation%3A+forum%2C+September+10%2C+1998&rft.title=Easing+the+family+caregiver+burden%3A+programs+around+the+nation%3A+forum%2C+September+10%2C+1998&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-058133-8) pa N1 - Document feature - bibl(s), table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Disclosure of classified information to Congress: hearings, February 4 and 11, 1998 T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-729 AN - 59933905; 1999-0309850 AB - Whether Congress and the president share constitutional authority over regulation of classified information. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+61 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+61 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160577950 KW - Internal security -- United States KW - Defense information, Classified -- United States KW - Official secrets -- United States KW - Executive-legislative relations -- United States KW - United States -- President -- Relations with Congress KW - United States -- Defenses KW - Constitutional law -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59933905?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B61&rft.isbn=0160577950&rft.btitle=Disclosure+of+classified+information+to+Congress%3A+hearings%2C+February+4+and+11%2C+1998&rft.title=Disclosure+of+classified+information+to+Congress%3A+hearings%2C+February+4+and+11%2C+1998&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057795-0) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Electronic authentication and digital signature: hearing, October 28, 1997, on the consideration of the use of electronic authentication technology by financial institutions and the need for federal legislation to authorize and validate the use of the technology T2 - 105th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 105-673 AN - 59929617; 1998-1206870 AB - Considers ways financial institutions and other businesses can use authentication to safeguard transactions over open networks, and what legislation may be needed to authorize use of technology, and to promote expansion of electronic banking and commerce. Authentication allows parties to verify aspects, including digital signatures, of an electronic message. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+55 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+55 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160576539 KW - Technological innovations -- United States KW - Electronic commerce -- Security measures KW - Digital signatures -- Legal aspects KW - United States -- Banking sector KW - Banking -- Security measures KW - United States -- Business conditions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59929617?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B55&rft.isbn=0160576539&rft.btitle=Electronic+authentication+and+digital+signature%3A+hearing%2C+October+28%2C+1997%2C+on+the+consideration+of+the+use+of+electronic+authentication+technology+by+financial+institutions+and+the+need+for+federal+legislation+to+authorize+and+validate+the+use+of+the+technology&rft.title=Electronic+authentication+and+digital+signature%3A+hearing%2C+October+28%2C+1997%2C+on+the+consideration+of+the+use+of+electronic+authentication+technology+by+financial+institutions+and+the+need+for+federal+legislation+to+authorize+and+validate+the+use+of+the+technology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057653-9) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - United States/Japan aviation relations: hearing, June 19, 1997 T2 - 105th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 105-747 AN - 59929114; 1999-1106360 AB - Explores status of negotiations on a new bilateral air transport and freight agreement. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+87 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+87 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160578590 KW - Japan -- Economic relations -- United States KW - Aviation -- International aspects KW - United States -- Economic relations -- Japan KW - Air transport -- International aspects KW - Air freight -- International aspects KW - Competition, International UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59929114?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B87&rft.isbn=0160578590&rft.btitle=United+States%2FJapan+aviation+relations%3A+hearing%2C+June+19%2C+1997&rft.title=United+States%2FJapan+aviation+relations%3A+hearing%2C+June+19%2C+1997&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057859-0) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s), map(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Transportation after Y2K: can we get there from here? hearing, September 10, 1998, on defining the scope and severity of the year 2000 problem in the transportation industry T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-777 AN - 59921299; 1999-0206840 AB - Examines safety and convenience concerns for travelers, potentially paralyzing effects of the millennium bug on businesses increasingly reliant on technology, just-in-time inventories, and prompt transportation of manufactured goods to the marketplace. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iv+112 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iv+112 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 016057904X KW - United States -- Business enterprises KW - Corporations -- United States KW - United States -- Transportation sector KW - Year 2000 computer date conversion KW - Computer networks -- Security measures KW - Consumer goods -- Distribution KW - Travel -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59921299?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B112&rft.isbn=016057904X&rft.btitle=Transportation+after+Y2K%3A+can+we+get+there+from+here%3F+hearing%2C+September+10%2C+1998%2C+on+defining+the+scope+and+severity+of+the+year+2000+problem+in+the+transportation+industry&rft.title=Transportation+after+Y2K%3A+can+we+get+there+from+here%3F+hearing%2C+September+10%2C+1998%2C+on+defining+the+scope+and+severity+of+the+year+2000+problem+in+the+transportation+industry&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057904-X) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Extradition, mutual legal assistance, and prisoner transfer treaties: hearing, September 15, 1998 T2 - 106th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-730 AN - 59918447; 1999-1106560 AB - Examines treaties designed to further law enforcement interests. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+70 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+70 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160578353 KW - Prisoners -- Treaties KW - Law enforcement -- International cooperation KW - Extradition KW - United States -- Law enforcement UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59918447?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B70&rft.isbn=0160578353&rft.btitle=Extradition%2C+mutual+legal+assistance%2C+and+prisoner+transfer+treaties%3A+hearing%2C+September+15%2C+1998&rft.title=Extradition%2C+mutual+legal+assistance%2C+and+prisoner+transfer+treaties%3A+hearing%2C+September+15%2C+1998&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057835-3) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Puerto Rico status: hearing, May 19, 1998, on the fiscal and economic implications of Puerto Rico status T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-517 (pt. 2) AN - 59914118; 1998-1010880 AB - Considers the fiscal implications of independence, statehood, and status quo commonwealth; focus on taxes and social benefits. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+66 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+66 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160573610 KW - Taxation -- Puerto Rico KW - Puerto Rico -- Government and politics KW - Political economy -- Puerto Rico KW - United States and Puerto Rico KW - Puerto Rico -- Nationalism KW - Social and economic security -- Puerto Rico UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59914118?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B66&rft.isbn=0160573610&rft.btitle=Puerto+Rico+status%3A+hearing%2C+May+19%2C+1998%2C+on+the+fiscal+and+economic+implications+of+Puerto+Rico+status&rft.title=Puerto+Rico+status%3A+hearing%2C+May+19%2C+1998%2C+on+the+fiscal+and+economic+implications+of+Puerto+Rico+status&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057361-0) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - KEDO and the Korean Agreed Nuclear Framework: problems and prospects: hearing, July 14, 1998 T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-652 AN - 59910105; 1998-1211150 AB - Examines the Korean Peninsula Energy Development Organization (KEDO)'s debt, lag in heavy oil delivery schedule, and reasons North Koreans have accused the US of failing to honor commitments to the Agreed Framework. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+47 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+47 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160575834 KW - Petroleum industry -- Distribution KW - Atomic weapons -- Treaties KW - North Korea -- Energy sector UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59910105?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B47&rft.isbn=0160575834&rft.btitle=KEDO+and+the+Korean+Agreed+Nuclear+Framework%3A+problems+and+prospects%3A+hearing%2C+July+14%2C+1998&rft.title=KEDO+and+the+Korean+Agreed+Nuclear+Framework%3A+problems+and+prospects%3A+hearing%2C+July+14%2C+1998&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057583-4) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Northern Mariana Islands: hearing, March 31, 1998, on S. 1100, to amend the covenant to establish a Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands in political union with the United States of America, the legislation approving such covenant, and for other purposes; S. 1275, to implement further the Act (Public Law 94-241) approving the covenant to establish a Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands in political union with the United States of America, and for other purposes T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-558 AN - 59910102; 1998-0909530 AB - Discusses legislation to alter federal laws applicable to the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI) to impose the federal minimum wage and immigration laws, as well as requiring 50% US labor on items manufactured there, for eligibility for the "made in USA" label; focuses on economic and living conditions for textile workers. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+137 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+137 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160572819 KW - Northern Mariana Islands -- Labor policy KW - Clothing industry -- Northern Mariana Islands KW - Northern Mariana Islands -- Government and politics KW - Minimum wage -- United States -- Legislation KW - United States -- Government and politics KW - Northern Mariana Islands -- Economic conditions KW - Northern Mariana Islands -- Immigration policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59910102?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B137&rft.isbn=0160572819&rft.btitle=Northern+Mariana+Islands%3A+hearing%2C+March+31%2C+1998%2C+on+S.+1100%2C+to+amend+the+covenant+to+establish+a+Commonwealth+of+the+Northern+Mariana+Islands+in+political+union+with+the+United+States+of+America%2C+the+legislation+approving+such+covenant%2C+and+for+other+purposes%3B+S.+1275%2C+to+implement+further+the+Act+%28Public+Law+94-241%29+approving+the+covenant+to+establish+a+Commonwealth+of+the+Northern+Mariana+Islands+in+political+union+with+the+United+States+of+America%2C+and+for+other+purposes&rft.title=Northern+Mariana+Islands%3A+hearing%2C+March+31%2C+1998%2C+on+S.+1100%2C+to+amend+the+covenant+to+establish+a+Commonwealth+of+the+Northern+Mariana+Islands+in+political+union+with+the+United+States+of+America%2C+the+legislation+approving+such+covenant%2C+and+for+other+purposes%3B+S.+1275%2C+to+implement+further+the+Act+%28Public+Law+94-241%29+approving+the+covenant+to+establish+a+Commonwealth+of+the+Northern+Mariana+Islands+in+political+union+with+the+United+States+of+America%2C+and+for+other+purposes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057281-9) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - United States responses to international parental abduction: hearing, October 1, 1998 T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-845 AN - 59902337; 1999-0500130 AB - Discusses parental kidnappings in which children are taken to other countries, and what can be done to bring them back. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+150 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+150 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160582253 KW - Parent and child (law) -- International aspects KW - Kidnapping, Parental -- International aspects KW - Law enforcement -- International aspects KW - Missing children -- Legal status, laws, etc. KW - International and municipal law KW - United States -- Law enforcement UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59902337?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B150&rft.isbn=0160582253&rft.btitle=United+States+responses+to+international+parental+abduction%3A+hearing%2C+October+1%2C+1998&rft.title=United+States+responses+to+international+parental+abduction%3A+hearing%2C+October+1%2C+1998&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-058225-3) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Chemical weapons implementing legislation: hearing, May 13, 1997, on S. 610, a bill to implement the obligations of the United States under the convention on the prohibition of the development, production, stockpiling and use of chemical weapons and on their destruction, known as the "Chemical Weapons Convention" and opened for signature and signed by the United States on January 13, 1993 T2 - 105th Cong., 1st sess. Serial no. J-105-19 S. hearing 105-552 AN - 59900110; 1998-0910000 AB - Examines Clinton administration proposal for domestic legislation to provide legal basis and procedures for implementing the CWC. Focus on verification provisions affecting private US companies. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+56 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+56 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160572509 KW - United States -- Treaties KW - Chemical weapons -- Treaties KW - Treaties -- Ratification KW - United States -- Defenses KW - Arms limitation -- Inspection UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59900110?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B56&rft.isbn=0160572509&rft.btitle=Chemical+weapons+implementing+legislation%3A+hearing%2C+May+13%2C+1997%2C+on+S.+610%2C+a+bill+to+implement+the+obligations+of+the+United+States+under+the+convention+on+the+prohibition+of+the+development%2C+production%2C+stockpiling+and+use+of+chemical+weapons+and+on+their+destruction%2C+known+as+the+%22Chemical+Weapons+Convention%22+and+opened+for+signature+and+signed+by+the+United+States+on+January+13%2C+1993&rft.title=Chemical+weapons+implementing+legislation%3A+hearing%2C+May+13%2C+1997%2C+on+S.+610%2C+a+bill+to+implement+the+obligations+of+the+United+States+under+the+convention+on+the+prohibition+of+the+development%2C+production%2C+stockpiling+and+use+of+chemical+weapons+and+on+their+destruction%2C+known+as+the+%22Chemical+Weapons+Convention%22+and+opened+for+signature+and+signed+by+the+United+States+on+January+13%2C+1993&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057250-9) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Can we rest in peace? the anxiety of elderly parents caring for baby boomers with disabilities: forum, September 19, 1998 T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. Serial no. 105-34 S. hearing 105-804 AN - 59899873; 1999-0500920 AB - Discusses family and individual support services for persons with mental retardation, including caregivers, financial support, day programs, and residential services; considers local, state, and federal policy. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+200 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+200 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160579716 KW - Parents -- Social aspects KW - Old age -- Social aspects KW - Mentally handicapped children -- Care and treatment KW - United States -- Social policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59899873?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B200&rft.isbn=0160579716&rft.btitle=Can+we+rest+in+peace%3F+the+anxiety+of+elderly+parents+caring+for+baby+boomers+with+disabilities%3A+forum%2C+September+19%2C+1998&rft.title=Can+we+rest+in+peace%3F+the+anxiety+of+elderly+parents+caring+for+baby+boomers+with+disabilities%3A+forum%2C+September+19%2C+1998&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057971-6) pa N1 - Document feature - il(s), table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Children's SSI policy: hearing, July 7, 1998 T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-965 AN - 59899481; 1999-0814830 AB - Discusses the children's component of the Supplemental Security Income program, focusing on implementation process of the disability standard defined by the 1996 welfare reform law, and whether eligibility requirements are too strict; US. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iv+166 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iv+166 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160585112 KW - Supplemental security income program -- United States KW - Children, Handicapped -- United States KW - Disabled -- Benefits KW - United States -- Social policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59899481?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B166&rft.isbn=0160585112&rft.btitle=Children%27s+SSI+policy%3A+hearing%2C+July+7%2C+1998&rft.title=Children%27s+SSI+policy%3A+hearing%2C+July+7%2C+1998&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-058511-2) pa N1 - Document feature - chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation's year 2000 preparedness: hearing, February 10, 1998, on the efforts of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation to ensure that the bank systems it oversees and its own internal systems are ready for the year 2000 T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-791 AN - 59899145; 1999-0407460 AB - Examines FDIC efforts to ensure that bank systems, and its own internal systems, are ready to handle the year 2000 problem. Testimony from Government Accounting Office (GAO) and FDIC officials. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+53 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+53 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160581613 KW - United States -- Federal deposit insurance corporation KW - Year 2000 computer date conversion KW - Computer programming -- Quality control KW - Banking -- Information processing systems UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59899145?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B53&rft.isbn=0160581613&rft.btitle=Federal+Deposit+Insurance+Corporation%27s+year+2000+preparedness%3A+hearing%2C+February+10%2C+1998%2C+on+the+efforts+of+the+Federal+Deposit+Insurance+Corporation+to+ensure+that+the+bank+systems+it+oversees+and+its+own+internal+systems+are+ready+for+the+year+2000&rft.title=Federal+Deposit+Insurance+Corporation%27s+year+2000+preparedness%3A+hearing%2C+February+10%2C+1998%2C+on+the+efforts+of+the+Federal+Deposit+Insurance+Corporation+to+ensure+that+the+bank+systems+it+oversees+and+its+own+internal+systems+are+ready+for+the+year+2000&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-058161-3) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Genetic information and health care: hearing, May 21, 1998, on examining proposals to prohibit health care discrimination based on genetic information, including related measures on S. 89 and S. 422 T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-580 AN - 59899012; 1998-1012470 JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+72 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+72 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160573440 KW - United States -- Medical sector KW - Health insurance -- Ethics KW - Medical ethics -- United States KW - Discrimination -- United States KW - Medical genetics -- Insurance aspects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59899012?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B72&rft.isbn=0160573440&rft.btitle=Genetic+information+and+health+care%3A+hearing%2C+May+21%2C+1998%2C+on+examining+proposals+to+prohibit+health+care+discrimination+based+on+genetic+information%2C+including+related+measures+on+S.+89+and+S.+422&rft.title=Genetic+information+and+health+care%3A+hearing%2C+May+21%2C+1998%2C+on+examining+proposals+to+prohibit+health+care+discrimination+based+on+genetic+information%2C+including+related+measures+on+S.+89+and+S.+422&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057344-0) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Pending legislation on veterans benefits and health care issues: hearing, July 25, 1997 T2 - 105th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 105-348 AN - 59898898; 1999-0604910 AB - Bills dealing with protection of national cemeteries, sexual harassment in the Veterans Affairs Department, and benefits for Indian and Filipino veterans. Benefits for veterans of the Philippine Commonwealth Army who served in World War II. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iv+139 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iv+139 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160581540 KW - United States -- Veterans affairs department KW - Veterans -- Medical care KW - Veterans -- Benefits KW - United States -- Armed forces -- Medical and sanitary affairs KW - Sexual harassment -- United States KW - Medicine, Military -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59898898?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=Suppl+6&rft.spage=1303&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-058154-0) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Chinese missile proliferation: hearing, June 11, 1998 T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-841 AN - 59898705; 1999-0604520 AB - Examines Clinton administration policy of promoting commercial satellite launches from China, while avoiding sanctions on Chinese guided missile exports, as required under US law. Transfer of atomic weapons capable Chinese M-11 missiles to Pakistan, C-802 anti-ship missiles to Iran, and export of other items covered by the missile technology control regime (MTCR). JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+34 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+34 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160580722 KW - Guided missiles -- Export-import trade -- Regulation KW - Sanctions (international law) KW - Space commercialization -- United States KW - United States -- Foreign relations -- China (People's Republic) KW - Guided missiles -- Export-import trade KW - Space launch services -- China (People's Republic) KW - China (People's Republic) -- Foreign relations -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59898705?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B34&rft.isbn=0160580722&rft.btitle=Chinese+missile+proliferation%3A+hearing%2C+June+11%2C+1998&rft.title=Chinese+missile+proliferation%3A+hearing%2C+June+11%2C+1998&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-058072-2) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Crooks caring for seniors: the case for criminal background checks: hearing, September 14, 1998 T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. Serial no. 105-33 S. hearing 105-942 AN - 59896915; 1999-0701500 AB - Discusses the oversight of the quality of care in nursing homes, focusing on convicted criminals who take advantage of vulnerable senior citizens; US. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+222 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+222 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160583853 KW - Crime and criminals -- United States KW - Nursing homes -- United States KW - United States -- Health policy KW - Old age -- Care and treatment KW - Nursing homes -- Employees UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59896915?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B222&rft.isbn=0160583853&rft.btitle=Crooks+caring+for+seniors%3A+the+case+for+criminal+background+checks%3A+hearing%2C+September+14%2C+1998&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-058385-3) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Older Americans and the worldwide Web: the new wave of Internet users: forum, July 16, 1998 T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. Serial no. 105-29 AN - 59895167; 1999-0407440 AB - Examines how senior citizens are using the Internet to make friends worldwide via email and chat rooms, shop, and find health and other information; US. Some focus on providing senior citizen homes and housing with Internet access. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+112 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+112 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 016058132X KW - Web sites KW - Information technology -- Social aspects KW - Electronic commerce -- United States KW - Old age -- Social aspects KW - Internet -- Social aspects KW - United States -- Social conditions KW - Electronic mail -- United States KW - Old age homes -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59895167?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B112&rft.isbn=016058132X&rft.btitle=Older+Americans+and+the+worldwide+Web%3A+the+new+wave+of+Internet+users%3A+forum%2C+July+16%2C+1998&rft.title=Older+Americans+and+the+worldwide+Web%3A+the+new+wave+of+Internet+users%3A+forum%2C+July+16%2C+1998&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-058132-X) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - International space station: hearing, September 18, 1997 T2 - 105th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 105-762 AN - 59894984; 1999-0309820 AB - Examines and evaluates NASA's leadership of the ISS, focusing on cost analysis, scheduling, and management. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+65 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+65 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160579090 KW - United States -- Science policy KW - United States -- National aeronautics and space administration KW - Space stations -- International cooperation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59894984?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B65&rft.isbn=0160579090&rft.btitle=International+space+station%3A+hearing%2C+September+18%2C+1997&rft.title=International+space+station%3A+hearing%2C+September+18%2C+1997&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057909-0) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Is a U.N. international criminal court in the U.S. national interest? hearing, July 23, 1998 T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-724 AN - 59894530; 1999-0309770 AB - Examines the treaty establishing the ICC and its implications for US foreign policy. Highlights issue of universal jurisdiction over the UN Security Council and US military intervention and peacekeeping activities. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+150 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+150 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160577926 KW - Crime and criminals -- International aspects KW - War criminals KW - Crimes against humanity KW - Courts, International -- Treaties KW - Genocide KW - International Criminal Court KW - United States -- Foreign relations KW - International and municipal law KW - Criminal justice -- International aspects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59894530?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B150&rft.isbn=0160577926&rft.btitle=Is+a+U.N.+international+criminal+court+in+the+U.S.+national+interest%3F+hearing%2C+July+23%2C+1998&rft.title=Is+a+U.N.+international+criminal+court+in+the+U.S.+national+interest%3F+hearing%2C+July+23%2C+1998&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057792-6) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Are military adultery standards changing? what are the implications? hearing, October 7, 1998 T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-767 AN - 59893560; 1999-0309660 AB - Examines proposed changes to the Manual for Courts Martial provisions on adultery and establishment of guidelines for the armed forces. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+102 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+102 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160578965 KW - United States -- Armed forces KW - Service women -- Legal status, laws, etc. KW - Service men -- Legal status, laws, etc. KW - Sociology, Military -- United States KW - Courts-martial -- United States KW - Military law -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59893560?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B102&rft.isbn=0160578965&rft.btitle=Are+military+adultery+standards+changing%3F+what+are+the+implications%3F+hearing%2C+October+7%2C+1998&rft.title=Are+military+adultery+standards+changing%3F+what+are+the+implications%3F+hearing%2C+October+7%2C+1998&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057896-5) pa N1 - Document feature - il(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - "Cramming": an emerging telephone billing fraud: hearing, July 23, 1998 T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-646 AN - 59890438; 1998-1107170 AB - Examines fraudulent charges on personal telephone bills for goods and services not provided by the billing company; some focus on telephone service providers' consumer protection obligations and practices. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iv+164 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iv+164 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160575699 KW - Consumer protection -- United States KW - Telephone companies -- Regulation KW - Crime and criminals -- United States KW - Fraud -- United States KW - United States -- Communications sector KW - Swindlers and swindling -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59890438?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B164&rft.isbn=0160575699&rft.btitle=%22Cramming%22%3A+an+emerging+telephone+billing+fraud%3A+hearing%2C+July+23%2C+1998&rft.title=%22Cramming%22%3A+an+emerging+telephone+billing+fraud%3A+hearing%2C+July+23%2C+1998&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057569-9) pa N1 - Document feature - il(s), table(s), chart(s), map(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Betrayal: the quality of care in California nursing homes: hearings, July 27-28, 1998 T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. Serial no. 105-30 S. hearing 105-735 AN - 59888605; 1999-0207310 AB - Understaffing, neglect, mistreatment, and abuse occurring in nursing homes, findings and recommendations of a General Accounting Office study, and report of the Health Care Financing Administration responsible for enforcement of requirements for nursing homes. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iv+470 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iv+470 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160578183 KW - Nursing homes -- United States -- California KW - Elder abuse -- United States -- California KW - Old age homes -- Regulation KW - United States -- Health policy KW - Old age -- Care and treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59888605?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B470&rft.isbn=0160578183&rft.btitle=Betrayal%3A+the+quality+of+care+in+California+nursing+homes%3A+hearings%2C+July+27-28%2C+1998&rft.title=Betrayal%3A+the+quality+of+care+in+California+nursing+homes%3A+hearings%2C+July+27-28%2C+1998&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057818-3) pa N1 - Document feature - bibl(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Next generation Internet: hearing, November 4, 1997 T2 - 105th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 105-758 AN - 59888484; 1999-0206770 AB - Examines management of the NGI program, and related questions about the proper federal role in it, relationship between Internet2 and NGI, what management approach will overcome challenges of the multi-agency program, and lessons learned from previous Internet initiatives. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+66 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+66 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160578752 KW - United States -- Government and politics KW - United States -- Technology policy KW - Computer networks -- United States KW - Internet -- Regulation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59888484?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B66&rft.isbn=0160578752&rft.btitle=Next+generation+Internet%3A+hearing%2C+November+4%2C+1997&rft.title=Next+generation+Internet%3A+hearing%2C+November+4%2C+1997&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057875-2) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - International aviation agreements and antitrust immunity: hearing, March 19, 1998, on examining certain issues with regard to international agreements, including the proposed British Airways/American Airlines alliance, focusing on antitrust implications and the impact of alliances on airline marketing practices T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-626 AN - 59884987; 1998-1107070 AB - How current and proposed airline company mergers affect international competition; some focus on US legislation limiting foreign ownership of airlines, and on US Department of Transportation grants of antitrust immunity. With discussion of the Japanese Aviation agreement, and effects on competition of the existing Northwest/KLM, United/Lufthansa/SAS, and Delta/Swissair/Sabena/Austrian alliances. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iv+124 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iv+124 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160575133 KW - Government regulation of business -- International aspects KW - Air transport -- Economic aspects KW - United States -- Transportation sector KW - Air transport -- Consolidation and mergers KW - Trusts, Industrial -- United States -- Legislation KW - Competition, International KW - Strategic alliances (business) -- International aspects KW - Foreign investments -- Regulation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59884987?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B124&rft.isbn=0160575133&rft.btitle=International+aviation+agreements+and+antitrust+immunity%3A+hearing%2C+March+19%2C+1998%2C+on+examining+certain+issues+with+regard+to+international+agreements%2C+including+the+proposed+British+Airways%2FAmerican+Airlines+alliance%2C+focusing+on+antitrust+implications+and+the+impact+of+alliances+on+airline+marketing+practices&rft.title=International+aviation+agreements+and+antitrust+immunity%3A+hearing%2C+March+19%2C+1998%2C+on+examining+certain+issues+with+regard+to+international+agreements%2C+including+the+proposed+British+Airways%2FAmerican+Airlines+alliance%2C+focusing+on+antitrust+implications+and+the+impact+of+alliances+on+airline+marketing+practices&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057513-3) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Tamoxifen and breast cancer: special hearing, [April 21, 1998] T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-561 AN - 59884897; 1998-1010310 AB - Discusses the progress made on this cancer drug and raloxifene; includes research and funding. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+50 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+50 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160572886 KW - United States -- Medical sector KW - Women -- Health KW - Women -- Medical care KW - Breast cancer -- Prevention KW - Pharmaceutical research -- United States KW - Breast cancer -- Research KW - Medical research -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59884897?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B50&rft.isbn=0160572886&rft.btitle=Tamoxifen+and+breast+cancer%3A+special+hearing%2C&rft.title=Tamoxifen+and+breast+cancer%3A+special+hearing%2C&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057288-6) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Internet tax and trade issues: hearing, July 16, 1998, on S. 442 and H.R. 4105 T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-694 AN - 59883944; 1999-0203190 AB - On pending legislation to place a broad moratorium on the ability of state and local governments to impose taxes on Internet commerce. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iv+120 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iv+120 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160577128 KW - Interstate commerce -- Regulation KW - United States -- Tax policy KW - Electronic commerce -- Taxation KW - Internet -- Regulation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59883944?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B120&rft.isbn=0160577128&rft.btitle=Internet+tax+and+trade+issues%3A+hearing%2C+July+16%2C+1998%2C+on+S.+442+and+H.R.+4105&rft.title=Internet+tax+and+trade+issues%3A+hearing%2C+July+16%2C+1998%2C+on+S.+442+and+H.R.+4105&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057712-8) pa N1 - Document feature - bibl(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - E-commerce and Y2K: what's ahead for small business? hearing, June 2, 1998 T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-684 AN - 59883458; 1998-1206860 AB - Examines the role of small business in the economy, and in electronic, particularly Internet commerce, but also firms' lack of awareness and planning to avoid failures due to the Year 2000 computer problem, and related government role; US. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+102 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+102 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160576695 KW - Small business -- Economic aspects KW - Electronic commerce -- United States KW - Year 2000 computer date conversion KW - United States -- Business conditions KW - Internet -- Economic aspects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59883458?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=Suppl+6&rft.spage=1177&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057669-5) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Security on campus: special hearing, [March 5, 1998] T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-607 AN - 59883362; 1998-1106900 AB - Examines measures to improve campus security through more rigorous crime reporting, greater transparency and accountability in criminal procedures, background checks on students and staff, and other measures. Also questions validity of crime statistics, based on analysis of reports by the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+49 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+49 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160574420 KW - United States -- Educational sector KW - Colleges and universities -- Security measures KW - Crime and criminals -- United States KW - School violence -- United States KW - University of Pennsylvania KW - College students -- Crimes against KW - United States -- Law enforcement UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59883362?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B49&rft.isbn=0160574420&rft.btitle=Security+on+campus%3A+special+hearing%2C&rft.title=Security+on+campus%3A+special+hearing%2C&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057442-0) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The tradition and importance of protecting the U.S. flag: hearing, March 25, 1998, on S.J. Res. 40, a bill proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States authorizing Congress to prohibit the physical desecration of the flag of the United States T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. Serial no. J-105-91 S. hearing 105-608 AN - 59883230; 1998-1209840 AB - Examines history of safeguarding the country's flag and measures for continuing its protection. Some focus on First Amendment constitutional issues, including freedom of speech. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iv+72 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iv+72 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160574595 KW - Emblems, National -- United States KW - United States -- Constitution -- First amendment KW - Freedom of speech -- United States KW - United States -- Government and politics KW - United States -- Constitution -- Amendments KW - Flags -- Legal aspects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59883230?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=Suppl+6&rft.spage=1173&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057459-5) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Home health care: can agencies survive new regulations? hearing, July 15, 1998 T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-739 AN - 59882203; 1999-0207230 AB - On the effects on home health agencies and on the elderly and disabled of the Health Care Financing Administration's regulations requiring a $50,000 surety bond, as a means of reducing fraud and abuse in Medicare programs. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. v+228 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - v+228 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160578396 KW - Disabled -- Home care -- Finance KW - Old age -- Home care -- Finance KW - United States -- Health care financing administration KW - Health insurance -- Fraudulent claims KW - Medicare -- United States KW - Medical service -- Home care UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59882203?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=v%2B228&rft.isbn=0160578396&rft.btitle=Home+health+care%3A+can+agencies+survive+new+regulations%3F+hearing%2C+July+15%2C+1998&rft.title=Home+health+care%3A+can+agencies+survive+new+regulations%3F+hearing%2C+July+15%2C+1998&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057839-6) pa N1 - Document feature - il(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Education, international affairs and social security task forces: [hearings], January 21-February 26, 1998, federal education funding: the state and local perspective; the impact of research and technology on K-12 education; state and local initiatives: engines for change; addressing our struggling public school system: ideas for reform; examining the success of the national trade strategy from the perspective of international affairs funding; international affairs task force hearing; money's worth issues and social security; impact of the budget surplus on social security T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-625 AN - 59882151; 1998-1113090 JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iv+522 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iv+522 PB - Superintendent of Documents KW - Educational research -- United States KW - Export marketing KW - Social insurance -- Finance KW - United States -- Educational policy KW - Innovation in education -- United States KW - United States -- Appropriations and expenditures KW - United States -- Social policy KW - Education -- Finance KW - United States -- Commercial policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59882151?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=Suppl+6&rft.spage=1165&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Mandating the year 2000 disclosure of publicly traded companies: hearings, November 4, 1997, on the lack of accessible information about the readiness of specific banks and other businesses for the year 2000 T2 - 105th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 105-741 AN - 59881790; 1999-0206740 AB - Examines absence of accessible information about the readiness of specific banks and other businesses for the year 2000, and potential legislation to require businesses to disclose their year 2000 remediation status to investors in those companies. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+47 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+47 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160578736 KW - Banking -- Legal aspects KW - United States -- Business enterprises KW - Banking -- Regulation KW - Year 2000 computer date conversion KW - Investors -- Legal status, laws, etc. KW - Corporations -- Legal aspects KW - Disclosure of information (securities law) -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59881790?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B47&rft.isbn=0160578736&rft.btitle=Mandating+the+year+2000+disclosure+of+publicly+traded+companies%3A+hearings%2C+November+4%2C+1997%2C+on+the+lack+of+accessible+information+about+the+readiness+of+specific+banks+and+other+businesses+for+the+year+2000&rft.title=Mandating+the+year+2000+disclosure+of+publicly+traded+companies%3A+hearings%2C+November+4%2C+1997%2C+on+the+lack+of+accessible+information+about+the+readiness+of+specific+banks+and+other+businesses+for+the+year+2000&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057873-6) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Tax expenditures: compendium of background material on individual provisions, December 1998 T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. print 105-70 Com. print AN - 59881692; 1999-0206020 AB - Estimates revenue cost, legal authorization for, description, impact, rationale, and assessment of each of over 120 federal tax provisions. Prepared by the Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. xii+571 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - xii+571 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 016057918X KW - Income tax -- United States KW - United States -- Tax policy KW - Tax expenditures -- United States KW - Corporate income tax -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59881692?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=xii%2B571&rft.isbn=016057918X&rft.btitle=Tax+expenditures%3A+compendium+of+background+material+on+individual+provisions%2C+December+1998&rft.title=Tax+expenditures%3A+compendium+of+background+material+on+individual+provisions%2C+December+1998&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057918-X) pa N1 - Document feature - bibl(s), table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Privacy in the digital age: encryption and mandatory access: hearing, March 17, 1998, on examining the use of encryption and mandatory access in digital communications, focusing on proposals to balance privacy rights with law enforcement concerns T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-627 AN - 59880740; 1998-1106970 AB - Examines civil rights issues related to federal access to private encrypted communications for law enforcement and security reasons. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iv+121 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iv+121 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160575141 KW - Civil rights -- United States KW - Surveillance -- United States KW - Cryptography -- Regulation KW - Electronics in criminal investigation, espionage, etc. -- United States KW - United States -- Information policy KW - Privacy -- United States KW - Privacy -- Legal aspects KW - United States -- Law enforcement UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59880740?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B121&rft.isbn=0160575141&rft.btitle=Privacy+in+the+digital+age%3A+encryption+and+mandatory+access%3A+hearing%2C+March+17%2C+1998%2C+on+examining+the+use+of+encryption+and+mandatory+access+in+digital+communications%2C+focusing+on+proposals+to+balance+privacy+rights+with+law+enforcement+concerns&rft.title=Privacy+in+the+digital+age%3A+encryption+and+mandatory+access%3A+hearing%2C+March+17%2C+1998%2C+on+examining+the+use+of+encryption+and+mandatory+access+in+digital+communications%2C+focusing+on+proposals+to+balance+privacy+rights+with+law+enforcement+concerns&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057514-1) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Immigration and Naturalization Service oversight: reforming the naturalization process: hearing, March 5, 1998, on activities of the Immigration and Naturalization Service of the Department of Justice, focusing on federal efforts to improve the naturalization process of the Immigration and Naturalization Service T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. Serial no. J-105-94 S. hearing 105-602 AN - 59880612; 1998-1011250 AB - Efforts to improve indictments and investigations of problems, including those with the citizenship testing program. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+41 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+41 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160574315 KW - Citizenship -- United States KW - United States -- Immigration policy KW - Naturalization -- United States KW - United States -- Immigration and naturalization service KW - Immigration and emigration -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59880612?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B41&rft.isbn=0160574315&rft.btitle=Immigration+and+Naturalization+Service+oversight%3A+reforming+the+naturalization+process%3A+hearing%2C+March+5%2C+1998%2C+on+activities+of+the+Immigration+and+Naturalization+Service+of+the+Department+of+Justice%2C+focusing+on+federal+efforts+to+improve+the+naturalization+process+of+the+Immigration+and+Naturalization+Service&rft.title=Immigration+and+Naturalization+Service+oversight%3A+reforming+the+naturalization+process%3A+hearing%2C+March+5%2C+1998%2C+on+activities+of+the+Immigration+and+Naturalization+Service+of+the+Department+of+Justice%2C+focusing+on+federal+efforts+to+improve+the+naturalization+process+of+the+Immigration+and+Naturalization+Service&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057431-5) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Reading and literacy initiatives: hearing, April 28, 1998, on examining proposals to improve the reading and literacy skills of children and families, focusing on S. 1596 and H.R. 2614, bills to provide for reading excellence by improving in-service instructional practices for teachers who teach reading, to stimulate the development of more high-quality family literacy programs, to support extended learning-time opportunities for children, and to ensure that children can read well and independently not later than third grade T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-546 AN - 59879660; 1998-1010710 JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+103 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+103 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 016057224X KW - Teachers -- Training KW - United States -- Educational policy KW - Education -- Aims and objectives KW - Literacy -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59879660?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B103&rft.isbn=016057224X&rft.btitle=Reading+and+literacy+initiatives%3A+hearing%2C+April+28%2C+1998%2C+on+examining+proposals+to+improve+the+reading+and+literacy+skills+of+children+and+families%2C+focusing+on+S.+1596+and+H.R.+2614%2C+bills+to+provide+for+reading+excellence+by+improving+in-service+instructional+practices+for+teachers+who+teach+reading%2C+to+stimulate+the+development+of+more+high-quality+family+literacy+programs%2C+to+support+extended+learning-time+opportunities+for+children%2C+and+to+ensure+that+children+can+read+well+and+independently+not+later+than+third+grade&rft.title=Reading+and+literacy+initiatives%3A+hearing%2C+April+28%2C+1998%2C+on+examining+proposals+to+improve+the+reading+and+literacy+skills+of+children+and+families%2C+focusing+on+S.+1596+and+H.R.+2614%2C+bills+to+provide+for+reading+excellence+by+improving+in-service+instructional+practices+for+teachers+who+teach+reading%2C+to+stimulate+the+development+of+more+high-quality+family+literacy+programs%2C+to+support+extended+learning-time+opportunities+for+children%2C+and+to+ensure+that+children+can+read+well+and+independently+not+later+than+third+grade&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057224-X) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Crisis in South Asia: India's nuclear tests; Pakistan's nuclear tests; India and Pakistan: what next? hearings, May 13-July 13, 1998 T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-620 AN - 59879526; 1998-1104170 AB - US foreign policy concerns about and responses to atomic weapons tests, including economic sanctions and granting the administration waiver authority over these sanctions. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+118 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+118 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160574897 KW - Atomic weapons -- Testing KW - Sanctions (international law) KW - India -- Foreign relations KW - Pakistan -- Foreign relations KW - Nuclear nonproliferation KW - United States -- Foreign relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59879526?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B118&rft.isbn=0160574897&rft.btitle=Crisis+in+South+Asia%3A+India%27s+nuclear+tests%3B+Pakistan%27s+nuclear+tests%3B+India+and+Pakistan%3A+what+next%3F+hearings%2C+May+13-July+13%2C+1998&rft.title=Crisis+in+South+Asia%3A+India%27s+nuclear+tests%3B+Pakistan%27s+nuclear+tests%3B+India+and+Pakistan%3A+what+next%3F+hearings%2C+May+13-July+13%2C+1998&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057489-7) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - IRS restructuring: hearings, January 28-February 25, 1998, on H.R. 2676 T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-529 AN - 59879259; 1998-1011510 AB - Examines prospects for reform, including balance of power between the agency and taxpayers, agency culture, accountability among IRS employees, burden of proof rules, interest, penalties, and liens. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. vii+480 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - vii+480 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 016057207X KW - Tax administration -- United States KW - United States -- Internal revenue service UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59879259?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=vii%2B480&rft.isbn=016057207X&rft.btitle=IRS+restructuring%3A+hearings%2C+January+28-February+25%2C+1998%2C+on+H.R.+2676&rft.title=IRS+restructuring%3A+hearings%2C+January+28-February+25%2C+1998%2C+on+H.R.+2676&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057207-X) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The high-tech worker shortage and U.S. immigration policy: hearing, February 25, 1998, on examining United States immigration policy with regard to labor market conditions in high-technology industries, and the administration's proposal to raise the annual quota of H1-B visas, which enable skilled engineers to enter the United States to work for American high-tech companies T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. Serial no. J-105-76 S. hearing 105-595 AN - 59879133; 1998-1010690 AB - Examines the annual cap on the number of temporary visas allowed for highly skilled foreign-born professionals, and whether and how US businesses and educational institutions are preparing workers for the 21st century. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iv+198 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iv+198 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160574048 KW - United States -- Immigration policy KW - Immigration and emigration -- Labor aspects KW - Engineers -- United States KW - High technology industries -- Labor aspects KW - Visas -- United States KW - Professional workers -- United States KW - Technical education -- United States KW - United States -- Labor sector UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59879133?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B198&rft.isbn=0160574048&rft.btitle=The+high-tech+worker+shortage+and+U.S.+immigration+policy%3A+hearing%2C+February+25%2C+1998%2C+on+examining+United+States+immigration+policy+with+regard+to+labor+market+conditions+in+high-technology+industries%2C+and+the+administration%27s+proposal+to+raise+the+annual+quota+of+H1-B+visas%2C+which+enable+skilled+engineers+to+enter+the+United+States+to+work+for+American+high-tech+companies&rft.title=The+high-tech+worker+shortage+and+U.S.+immigration+policy%3A+hearing%2C+February+25%2C+1998%2C+on+examining+United+States+immigration+policy+with+regard+to+labor+market+conditions+in+high-technology+industries%2C+and+the+administration%27s+proposal+to+raise+the+annual+quota+of+H1-B+visas%2C+which+enable+skilled+engineers+to+enter+the+United+States+to+work+for+American+high-tech+companies&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057404-8) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Preparedness for epidemics and bioterrorism: special hearing, [June 2, 1998] T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-630 AN - 59879025; 1998-1209820 AB - Focus on capabilities of public health and emergency services to respond to terrorist attack using biological weapons. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+61 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+61 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 016057529X KW - Internal security -- United States KW - Emergency medical services -- United States KW - United States -- Public health service KW - Terrorism -- United States KW - Epidemiology -- United States KW - United States -- Defenses KW - Biological weapons -- Defenses KW - Bioterrorism KW - Disasters -- Emergency preparedness UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59879025?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B61&rft.isbn=016057529X&rft.btitle=Preparedness+for+epidemics+and+bioterrorism%3A+special+hearing%2C&rft.title=Preparedness+for+epidemics+and+bioterrorism%3A+special+hearing%2C&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057529-X) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Changing America: indicators of social and economic well-being by race and Hispanic origin AN - 59878738; 1998-1212110 AB - Examines differences in well-being for various groups, and how these differences have evolved over the past few decades. Prepared by the Council of Economic Advisers. JF - United States Government Printing Office, 1998. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 PB - United States Government Printing Office KW - Social status -- United States KW - Blacks -- United States KW - United States -- Social conditions KW - Quality of life -- United States KW - Hispanics KW - Racial differences -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59878738?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Changing+America%3A+indicators+of+social+and+economic+well-being+by+race+and+Hispanic+origin&rft.title=Changing+America%3A+indicators+of+social+and+economic+well-being+by+race+and+Hispanic+origin&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.access.gpo.gov/eop/ca/index.html LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - U S Govt Printing Office N1 - Document feature - bibl(s), table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - S. 2082, the International Postal Services Act of 1998: hearing, June 2, 1998, on S. 2082, to amend Chapter 36 of Title 39, United States Code, to provide authority to fix rates and fees for domestic and international postal services, and for other purposes T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-690 AN - 59878577; 1998-1211370 JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+79 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+79 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160576873 KW - United States -- Postal service -- Legislation KW - Postal service -- International aspects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59878577?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=Suppl+6&rft.spage=1121&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057687-3) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Clean Air Act: proposed regional haze regulations: hearing, April 23, 1998 T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-677 AN - 59878564; 1999-0107430 AB - Examines 40 states' requests for changes in the rule to address problems of haze that decreases visibility in national parks and wilderness areas; focuses on six main issues; US. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+146 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+146 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160576997 KW - Air pollution -- Regulation KW - Parks, National -- Environmental aspects KW - United States -- Environmental policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59878564?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B146&rft.isbn=0160576997&rft.btitle=Clean+Air+Act%3A+proposed+regional+haze+regulations%3A+hearing%2C+April+23%2C+1998&rft.title=Clean+Air+Act%3A+proposed+regional+haze+regulations%3A+hearing%2C+April+23%2C+1998&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057699-7) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), map(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Ten years of the Safe Kids Campaign: hearing, May 5, 1998, on examining the success of the Safe Kids Campaign after its 10 years of implementation T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-554 AN - 59878298; 1998-0909620 AB - Commends and recognizes the National Safe Kids Campaign, and its efforts to reduce preventable deaths among children; some focus on motor vehicle safety measures; US. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+66 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+66 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 016057269X KW - Safety education -- United States KW - Child welfare -- United States KW - Traffic safety -- United States KW - Safety measures -- United States KW - United States -- Social policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59878298?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B66&rft.isbn=016057269X&rft.btitle=Ten+years+of+the+Safe+Kids+Campaign%3A+hearing%2C+May+5%2C+1998%2C+on+examining+the+success+of+the+Safe+Kids+Campaign+after+its+10+years+of+implementation&rft.title=Ten+years+of+the+Safe+Kids+Campaign%3A+hearing%2C+May+5%2C+1998%2C+on+examining+the+success+of+the+Safe+Kids+Campaign+after+its+10+years+of+implementation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057269-X) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Environmental tobacco smoke: hearing, April 1, 1998 T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-678 AN - 59877828; 1998-1211140 AB - Discusses the federal role in reducing exposure to ETS; includes research on the health consequences of second-hand smoke; US. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+101 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+101 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160576598 KW - Smoking -- Regulation KW - Environmental health -- United States KW - Public health -- United States KW - Indoor air pollution -- United States KW - United States -- Health policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59877828?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B101&rft.isbn=0160576598&rft.btitle=Environmental+tobacco+smoke%3A+hearing%2C+April+1%2C+1998&rft.title=Environmental+tobacco+smoke%3A+hearing%2C+April+1%2C+1998&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057659-8) pa N1 - Document feature - il(s), table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - United States policy toward Iran: hearing, May 14, 1998 T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-611 AN - 59877638; 1998-1209860 AB - Iran as a state sponsor of international terrorism and anti-US and Western Islamic fundamentalism, its development of weapons of mass destruction and guided missiles, and impact on regional and international security. Prospects for improved bilateral relations. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+44 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+44 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160574625 KW - Islam and politics -- Iran KW - Weapons of mass destruction -- Iran KW - Iran -- Foreign relations -- United States KW - Iran -- Defenses KW - Diplomacy -- United States KW - United States -- Foreign relations -- Iran KW - Regional security -- Persian gulf region KW - Terrorism -- International aspects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59877638?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B44&rft.isbn=0160574625&rft.btitle=United+States+policy+toward+Iran%3A+hearing%2C+May+14%2C+1998&rft.title=United+States+policy+toward+Iran%3A+hearing%2C+May+14%2C+1998&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057462-5) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - National Cancer Institute's management of radiation studies: hearing, September 16, 1998 T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-686 AN - 59877620; 1998-1210970 AB - Examines the NCI's management of a study assessing radiation effects of nuclear weapons tests, particularly of exposure of US citizens to Iodine-131. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iv+894 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iv+894 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160576822 KW - Atomic weapons -- Testing KW - Radiation KW - United States -- National cancer institute KW - Public health -- United States KW - United States -- Health conditions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59877620?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B894&rft.isbn=0160576822&rft.btitle=National+Cancer+Institute%27s+management+of+radiation+studies%3A+hearing%2C+September+16%2C+1998&rft.title=National+Cancer+Institute%27s+management+of+radiation+studies%3A+hearing%2C+September+16%2C+1998&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057682-2) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s), map(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Protecting America's youth in a modern economy: child labor in the United States: hearing, June 11, 1998, on examining the Department of Labor efforts and proposals to combat abusive child labor T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-601 AN - 59876818; 1998-1012590 JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+211 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+211 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160574188 KW - United States -- Labor policy KW - Child labor -- United States -- Legislation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59876818?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B211&rft.isbn=0160574188&rft.btitle=Protecting+America%27s+youth+in+a+modern+economy%3A+child+labor+in+the+United+States%3A+hearing%2C+June+11%2C+1998%2C+on+examining+the+Department+of+Labor+efforts+and+proposals+to+combat+abusive+child+labor&rft.title=Protecting+America%27s+youth+in+a+modern+economy%3A+child+labor+in+the+United+States%3A+hearing%2C+June+11%2C+1998%2C+on+examining+the+Department+of+Labor+efforts+and+proposals+to+combat+abusive+child+labor&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057418-8) pa N1 - Document feature - il(s), table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Investigation of illegal or improper activities in connection with the 1996 federal election campaign: hearings, Sept. 16-October 30, 1997 T2 - 105th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 105-300 AN - 59876217; 1998-1009920 AB - Examines fundraising activities of the Democratic National Committee (DNC) and the Clinton-Gore reelection campaign, and related matters. Covers questions of access and influence in the Clinton administration, including White House "coffees" and overnight visits in the Lincoln Bedroom, role of John Huang, Johnny Chung, and James Riady of the Lippo Group in channeling foreign funds, lobbying by businessman Roger Tamraz, and "soft money". JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 PB - Superintendent of Documents KW - Government investigations -- United States KW - Campaign funds -- United States KW - United States -- Government and politics KW - Corruption -- United States KW - Political parties -- Finance KW - Campaigns, Presidential -- 1996 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59876217?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Investigation+of+illegal+or+improper+activities+in+connection+with+the+1996+federal+election+campaign%3A+hearings%2C+Sept.+16-October+30%2C+1997&rft.title=Investigation+of+illegal+or+improper+activities+in+connection+with+the+1996+federal+election+campaign%3A+hearings%2C+Sept.+16-October+30%2C+1997&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs pa N1 - Document feature - bibl(s), il(s), table(s), chart(s) N1 - SuppNotes - 10pts N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - FY 1999 federal budget publications and The 1998 economic report of the President AN - 59876061; 1998-1000760 AB - Budget documents; citizen's guide to the federal budget; mid-session review of receipts, outlays, and budget authority, 1998-2003; with links to 1998, 1997, and 1996 budget publications. JF - United States Government Printing Office, 1998. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 PB - United States Government Printing Office KW - United States -- Appropriations and expenditures UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59876061?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0643060022&rft.btitle=Soils+and+plants+in+integrated+catchment+management%3A+From+process+models+to+catchment+health+indicators&rft.title=Soils+and+plants+in+integrated+catchment+management%3A+From+process+models+to+catchment+health+indicators&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://w3.access.gpo.gov/usbudget/index.html LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - U S Govt Printing Office N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Organ donations: special hearings, September 10 and 12, 1998 T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-700 AN - 59875608; 1999-0203130 AB - On the proposal by the Department of Health and Human Services to give priority to patients waiting for organ donations on the basis of need, without regard to geography. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iv+92 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iv+92 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160577012 KW - United States -- Health and human services department KW - United States -- Health policy KW - Transplantation of organs, tissues, etc. -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59875608?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B92&rft.isbn=0160577012&rft.btitle=Organ+donations%3A+special+hearings%2C+September+10+and+12%2C+1998&rft.title=Organ+donations%3A+special+hearings%2C+September+10+and+12%2C+1998&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057701-2) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The crisis in Kosovo: hearings, May 6 and June 24, 1998 T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-649 AN - 59875325; 1998-1207410 AB - Discusses potential ramifications on regional stability of the conflict between the Kosovar Albanian separatist movement, with its Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA), and the Serbian government. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+84 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+84 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160576105 KW - Yugoslavia (Federal Republic) -- Government and politics KW - Serbia -- Government and politics KW - Ethnic conflict -- Serbia -- Kosovo KW - Regional security -- Balkan states KW - Albanians in Serbia -- Nationalism KW - Kosovo liberation army UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59875325?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=387&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cities&rft.issn=02642751&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2F0264-2751%2896%2900026-1 LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057610-5) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Separate sovereignty or independence for Puerto Rico: hearing, June 23, 1998, on issues raised by separate sovereignty and independence T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-642 AN - 59875106; 1998-1209900 AB - Issue of self-determination by referendum for continued Commonwealth status, statehood, or independence. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+66 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+66 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160575656 KW - Statehood (United States) KW - Puerto Rico -- Government and politics KW - United States and Puerto Rico KW - Puerto Rico -- Nationalism KW - Referendum -- Puerto Rico UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59875106?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B66&rft.isbn=0160575656&rft.btitle=Separate+sovereignty+or+independence+for+Puerto+Rico%3A+hearing%2C+June+23%2C+1998%2C+on+issues+raised+by+separate+sovereignty+and+independence&rft.title=Separate+sovereignty+or+independence+for+Puerto+Rico%3A+hearing%2C+June+23%2C+1998%2C+on+issues+raised+by+separate+sovereignty+and+independence&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057565-6) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Puerto Rico status: workshop, pt. 1, April 2, 1998 T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-517, pt. 1 AN - 59813138; 1998-0909090 AB - Examines the issue of political self-determination, attitudes of Puerto Ricans toward continued Commonwealth status, statehood, or independence, and means of holding a plebiscite or referendum on the issue. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+52 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+52 PB - Superintendent of Documents KW - Political attitudes -- Puerto Rico KW - Statehood (United States) KW - Puerto Rico -- Government and politics KW - United States and Puerto Rico KW - Puerto Rico -- Nationalism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59813138?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=4%2C+pt.+A&rft.spage=414&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotropica&rft.issn=00063606&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Term limits of campaign finance reform: which provides true political reform? hearing, February 24, 1998, on S.J. Res 16, proposing a constitutional amendment to limit congressional terms, and S. 25, to reform the financing of federal elections T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. Serial no. J-105-74 S. hearing 105-511 AN - 59805863; 1998-0909070 AB - Examines the "McCain-Feingold" bill and other reform measures. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+115 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+115 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 016057112X KW - Legislators -- Term of office KW - Political ethics -- United States KW - Campaign funds -- United States KW - United States -- Government and politics KW - Campaign funds -- Regulation KW - United States -- Constitution -- Amendments KW - Corruption -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59805863?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B115&rft.isbn=016057112X&rft.btitle=Term+limits+of+campaign+finance+reform%3A+which+provides+true+political+reform%3F+hearing%2C+February+24%2C+1998%2C+on+S.J.+Res+16%2C+proposing+a+constitutional+amendment+to+limit+congressional+terms%2C+and+S.+25%2C+to+reform+the+financing+of+federal+elections&rft.title=Term+limits+of+campaign+finance+reform%3A+which+provides+true+political+reform%3F+hearing%2C+February+24%2C+1998%2C+on+S.J.+Res+16%2C+proposing+a+constitutional+amendment+to+limit+congressional+terms%2C+and+S.+25%2C+to+reform+the+financing+of+federal+elections&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057112-X) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Overview of charter schools: hearing, March 31, 1998, on examining the role of charter schools in educational reform, state and federal funds, and S. 1380 and H.R. 2616, bills to extend the authorization of funds through fiscal year 2002 for Titles VI and X of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act to expand the implementation of public charter schools T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-483 AN - 59804201; 1998-0909270 JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+101 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+101 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 016057045X KW - Charter schools -- United States KW - United States -- Educational policy KW - Innovation in education -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59804201?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Clay+Science&rft.atitle=Lattice+vibrations+of+montmorillonite%3A+an+FT+Raman+and+X-ray+diffraction+study&rft.au=Frost%2C+Ray+L%3BRintoul%2C+Llew&rft.aulast=Frost&rft.aufirst=Ray&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=2-4&rft.spage=171&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Clay+Science&rft.issn=01691317&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0169-1317%2896%2900017-8 LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057045-X) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Health care information confidentiality: hearing, February 26, 1998, on examining proposed legislation to protect the confidentiality of medical information, including S. 1368, to provide individuals with access to health information of which they are the subject, ensure personal privacy with respect to personal medical records and health care-related information, impose criminal and civil penalties for unauthorized use of personal health information, and to provide for the strong enforcement of these rights T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-455 AN - 59803520; 1998-0811930 JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+132 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+132 PB - Superintendent of Documents KW - United States -- Medical sector KW - Privacy -- United States -- Legislation KW - United States -- Information policy KW - Medical records -- United States -- Legislation KW - United States -- Law enforcement UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59803520?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B132&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Health+care+information+confidentiality%3A+hearing%2C+February+26%2C+1998%2C+on+examining+proposed+legislation+to+protect+the+confidentiality+of+medical+information%2C+including+S.+1368%2C+to+provide+individuals+with+access+to+health+information+of+which+they+are+the+subject%2C+ensure+personal+privacy+with+respect+to+personal+medical+records+and+health+care-related+information%2C+impose+criminal+and+civil+penalties+for+unauthorized+use+of+personal+health+information%2C+and+to+provide+for+the+strong+enforcement+of+these+rights&rft.title=Health+care+information+confidentiality%3A+hearing%2C+February+26%2C+1998%2C+on+examining+proposed+legislation+to+protect+the+confidentiality+of+medical+information%2C+including+S.+1368%2C+to+provide+individuals+with+access+to+health+information+of+which+they+are+the+subject%2C+ensure+personal+privacy+with+respect+to+personal+medical+records+and+health+care-related+information%2C+impose+criminal+and+civil+penalties+for+unauthorized+use+of+personal+health+information%2C+and+to+provide+for+the+strong+enforcement+of+these+rights&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The Nation at Risk: report of the President's Commission on Critical Infrastructure Protection: hearing, November 5, 1997, on reviewing the findings and recommendations of the President's Commission on Critical Infrastructure Protection report, and examining policy implications of new risks to the information-based national infrastructure T2 - 105th Cong., 1st sess. Serial no. J-105-68 S. hearing 105-447 AN - 59801641; 1998-0811600 AB - Examines issues in government systems to protect communications and information systems which are largely controlled by the private sector; focus on potential needs related to the threat of strategic information attack by a foreign power, or information warfare; US. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+72 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+72 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160565316 KW - Information technology -- Military applications KW - Military strategy -- United States KW - United States -- Information policy KW - Computer networks -- Security measures KW - United States -- Communications sector KW - Military planning -- United States KW - United States -- Defenses KW - Data base systems -- Security measures KW - Internet -- Security measures UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59801641?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=document&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-11-20&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0160538971&rft.btitle=Improving+the+Well-Being+of+Abused+and+Neglected+Children.+Hearing+on+Exploring+How+the+Well-Being+of+Abused+and+Neglected+Children+Can+Be+Improved+through+Clarifying+the+Reasonable+Efforts+Requirement+of+the+Adoption+Assistance+and+Child+Welfare+Act+To+Make+the+Child%27s+Health+and+Safety+the+Primary+Concern%2C+before+the+Committee+on+Labor+and+Human+Resources.+United+States+Senate%2C+One+Hundred+Fourth+Congress%2C+Second+Session.&rft.title=Improving+the+Well-Being+of+Abused+and+Neglected+Children.+Hearing+on+Exploring+How+the+Well-Being+of+Abused+and+Neglected+Children+Can+Be+Improved+through+Clarifying+the+Reasonable+Efforts+Requirement+of+the+Adoption+Assistance+and+Child+Welfare+Act+To+Make+the+Child%27s+Health+and+Safety+the+Primary+Concern%2C+before+the+Committee+on+Labor+and+Human+Resources.+United+States+Senate%2C+One+Hundred+Fourth+Congress%2C+Second+Session.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-056531-6) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Fraud on the Internet: scams affecting consumers: hearing, February 10, 1998 T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-453 AN - 59799855; 1998-0812220 AB - How criminals can use the Internet. and how to educate consumers to detect and report illegal schemes, and protect themselves from being victimized; with discussion of role of private firms and the government in Internet law enforcement. Describes traditional types of fraud adapted to electronic communication, and also new scams being developed specifically for the Internet. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iv+362 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iv+362 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160565081 KW - Consumer protection -- United States KW - Crime prevention -- United States KW - Crime and criminals -- United States KW - Fraud -- United States KW - Computer networks -- Security measures KW - Computers and crime -- United States KW - Internet -- Security measures KW - Data transmission systems -- Security measures KW - United States -- Law enforcement UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59799855?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B362&rft.isbn=0160565081&rft.btitle=Fraud+on+the+Internet%3A+scams+affecting+consumers%3A+hearing%2C+February+10%2C+1998&rft.title=Fraud+on+the+Internet%3A+scams+affecting+consumers%3A+hearing%2C+February+10%2C+1998&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-056508-1) pa N1 - Document feature - il(s), chart(s), map(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Implications of the Kyoto Protocol on climate change: hearing, February 11, 1998 T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-457 AN - 59799489; 1998-0812010 AB - Examines conditions of the proposed treaty considered detrimental to US interests; issues include developing country commitments, potential damage to the US economy, fair treatment of US interests, and impacts on national sovereignty and security. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+92 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+92 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160565502 KW - Global warming -- Treaties KW - Air pollution -- Treaties KW - United States -- Environmental policy KW - Climate -- Treaties KW - Environmental policy -- Treaties UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59799489?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B92&rft.isbn=0160565502&rft.btitle=Implications+of+the+Kyoto+Protocol+on+climate+change%3A+hearing%2C+February+11%2C+1998&rft.title=Implications+of+the+Kyoto+Protocol+on+climate+change%3A+hearing%2C+February+11%2C+1998&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-056550-2) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Criminal gangs in Indian country: joint hearing, September 17, 1997, before the Committee on the Judiciary, and the Committee on Indian Affairs, on examining the incidence of youth violence and criminal gang activity within Indian country T2 - 105th Cong., 1st sess. Serial no. J-105-46 S. hearing 105-341 AN - 59798237; 1998-0908040 AB - Increase in Native American gang activity on tribal reservations; federal government law enforcement role and juvenile justice issues. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iv+70 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iv+70 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160561612 KW - Tribes and tribal system -- United States KW - Youth -- Social aspects KW - Gangs -- United States KW - Violence -- United States KW - Indians -- Reservations KW - Juvenile justice -- United States KW - United States -- Native races KW - Juvenile delinquents -- United States KW - United States -- Law enforcement UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59798237?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B70&rft.isbn=0160561612&rft.btitle=Criminal+gangs+in+Indian+country%3A+joint+hearing%2C+September+17%2C+1997%2C+before+the+Committee+on+the+Judiciary%2C+and+the+Committee+on+Indian+Affairs%2C+on+examining+the+incidence+of+youth+violence+and+criminal+gang+activity+within+Indian+country&rft.title=Criminal+gangs+in+Indian+country%3A+joint+hearing%2C+September+17%2C+1997%2C+before+the+Committee+on+the+Judiciary%2C+and+the+Committee+on+Indian+Affairs%2C+on+examining+the+incidence+of+youth+violence+and+criminal+gang+activity+within+Indian+country&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-056161-2) pa N1 - Document feature - il(s), table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Asian and African elephant conservation: hearing, November 4, 1997, on the consideration of S. 1287, the Asian Elephant Conservation Act, and S. 627, the African Elephant Conservation Act T2 - 105th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 105-409 AN - 59797522; 1998-0812180 AB - Authorizes federal assistance for conservation programs; with discussion of advisability of establishing a fund to assist in conservation of a variety of species, rather than one species at a time. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+71 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+71 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160570581 KW - Elephants -- Conservation KW - Endangered species -- Economic aspects KW - Wildlife conservation -- Federal aid KW - United States -- Environmental policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59797522?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B71&rft.isbn=0160570581&rft.btitle=Asian+and+African+elephant+conservation%3A+hearing%2C+November+4%2C+1997%2C+on+the+consideration+of+S.+1287%2C+the+Asian+Elephant+Conservation+Act%2C+and+S.+627%2C+the+African+Elephant+Conservation+Act&rft.title=Asian+and+African+elephant+conservation%3A+hearing%2C+November+4%2C+1997%2C+on+the+consideration+of+S.+1287%2C+the+Asian+Elephant+Conservation+Act%2C+and+S.+627%2C+the+African+Elephant+Conservation+Act&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057058-1) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - HIV/AIDS: recent developments and future opportunities: hearing, October 30, 1997, on examining the scale of the HIV/AIDS epidemic and recent developments in AIDS research, and S. 353 and provisions of H.R. 1023, measures to provide for compassionate payments with regard to individuals with blood-clotting disorders, such as hemophilia, who contracted human immunodeficiency virus due to contaminated blood products T2 - 105th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 105-316 AN - 59797086; 1998-0812080 AB - Examines issues concerned with new, more expensive treatments which are not available to all HIV/AIDS victims, as well as special circumstances affecting those infected by blood products; exhibits discuss government responsibility for regulating blood products. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iv+216 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iv+216 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160570697 KW - United States -- Medical sector KW - Blood banks -- Regulation KW - Hemophiliacs -- United States KW - Medical service -- Economic aspects KW - Acquired immune deficiency syndrome -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59797086?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B216&rft.isbn=0160570697&rft.btitle=HIV%2FAIDS%3A+recent+developments+and+future+opportunities%3A+hearing%2C+October+30%2C+1997%2C+on+examining+the+scale+of+the+HIV%2FAIDS+epidemic+and+recent+developments+in+AIDS+research%2C+and+S.+353+and+provisions+of+H.R.+1023%2C+measures+to+provide+for+compassionate+payments+with+regard+to+individuals+with+blood-clotting+disorders%2C+such+as+hemophilia%2C+who+contracted+human+immunodeficiency+virus+due+to+contaminated+blood+products&rft.title=HIV%2FAIDS%3A+recent+developments+and+future+opportunities%3A+hearing%2C+October+30%2C+1997%2C+on+examining+the+scale+of+the+HIV%2FAIDS+epidemic+and+recent+developments+in+AIDS+research%2C+and+S.+353+and+provisions+of+H.R.+1023%2C+measures+to+provide+for+compassionate+payments+with+regard+to+individuals+with+blood-clotting+disorders%2C+such+as+hemophilia%2C+who+contracted+human+immunodeficiency+virus+due+to+contaminated+blood+products&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057069-7) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Research on neurological and communication disorders: special hearing, [June 5, 1997] T2 - 105th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 105-536 AN - 59796742; 1998-0909400 AB - Discusses the need for funding for spinal cord injury research, and support of the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, and other National Institutes of Health (NIH) research. Also available on the Internet. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+30 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+30 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160571766 KW - Medical research -- Finance KW - Disabled -- Research KW - United States -- National institutes of health KW - Neurological disorders -- Research KW - Communication -- Research KW - Deaf -- Research UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59796742?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B30&rft.isbn=0160571766&rft.btitle=Research+on+neurological+and+communication+disorders%3A+special+hearing%2C&rft.title=Research+on+neurological+and+communication+disorders%3A+special+hearing%2C&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057176-6) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - S. 255, the Law Enforcement and Public Safety Telecommunication Empowerment Act: hearing, May 15, 1997 T2 - 105th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 105-434 AN - 59796578; 1998-0908940 AB - Proposed legislation implementing Federal Communications Commission (FCC) recommendation to reallocate the electromagnetic spectrum to enhance public safety communications. Reallocation of 24 megaherz (MHz) between Channels 60-69. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+73 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+73 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 016056476X KW - Telecommunications -- Regulation KW - Radio frequency allocation -- United States KW - United States -- Communications sector KW - Public safety services -- United States KW - United States -- Federal communications commission KW - Emergency communication systems -- United States KW - Public safety -- United States KW - United States -- Law enforcement UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59796578?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B73&rft.isbn=016056476X&rft.btitle=S.+255%2C+the+Law+Enforcement+and+Public+Safety+Telecommunication+Empowerment+Act%3A+hearing%2C+May+15%2C+1997&rft.title=S.+255%2C+the+Law+Enforcement+and+Public+Safety+Telecommunication+Empowerment+Act%3A+hearing%2C+May+15%2C+1997&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-056476-X) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), map(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Climate treaty: hearing, September 30, 1997, on the impacts of a new climate treaty on U.S. labor, electricity supply, manufacturing and the general economy T2 - 105th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 105-331 AN - 59796568; 1998-0908210 AB - Examines Clinton administration policy on multilateral negotiations leading to a new global treaty to combat global warming, called the Kyoto Protocol. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+124 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+124 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160561345 KW - Environmental law -- United States KW - Global warming -- Treaties KW - United States -- Environmental policy -- Economic aspects KW - Air pollution -- Treaties KW - Environmental policy -- Treaties UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59796568?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B124&rft.isbn=0160561345&rft.btitle=Climate+treaty%3A+hearing%2C+September+30%2C+1997%2C+on+the+impacts+of+a+new+climate+treaty+on+U.S.+labor%2C+electricity+supply%2C+manufacturing+and+the+general+economy&rft.title=Climate+treaty%3A+hearing%2C+September+30%2C+1997%2C+on+the+impacts+of+a+new+climate+treaty+on+U.S.+labor%2C+electricity+supply%2C+manufacturing+and+the+general+economy&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-056134-5) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - School age care: creative solutions for out-of-school care: hearing, March 5, 1998, on examining proposals to coordinate federal and state efforts to establish increased programs to provide after school care for children, including S. 882, to improve academic and social outcomes for students by providing productive activities during after school hours T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-492 AN - 59795062; 1998-0909240 JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+60 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+60 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160570565 KW - Child care -- United States KW - Students -- Social aspects KW - Child welfare -- United States KW - Innovation in education -- United States KW - United States -- Social policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59795062?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B60&rft.isbn=0160570565&rft.btitle=School+age+care%3A+creative+solutions+for+out-of-school+care%3A+hearing%2C+March+5%2C+1998%2C+on+examining+proposals+to+coordinate+federal+and+state+efforts+to+establish+increased+programs+to+provide+after+school+care+for+children%2C+including+S.+882%2C+to+improve+academic+and+social+outcomes+for+students+by+providing+productive+activities+during+after+school+hours&rft.title=School+age+care%3A+creative+solutions+for+out-of-school+care%3A+hearing%2C+March+5%2C+1998%2C+on+examining+proposals+to+coordinate+federal+and+state+efforts+to+establish+increased+programs+to+provide+after+school+care+for+children%2C+including+S.+882%2C+to+improve+academic+and+social+outcomes+for+students+by+providing+productive+activities+during+after+school+hours&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057056-5) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Contaminated frozen strawberries in school lunches: hearing, June 5, 1997 T2 - 105th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 105-476 AN - 59794796; 1998-0807470 AB - Examines prevention measures based on facts of the outbreak of hepatitis A allegedly caused by tainted strawberries imported from Mexico and served in school lunches of approximately 250 school children; Michigan. Some focus on the US Department of Agriculture (USDA), the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and the Michigan Department of Community Health. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+56 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+56 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 016057031X KW - United States -- Centers for disease control KW - Agricultural products -- Mexico KW - Michigan -- Health conditions KW - School health -- United States -- Michigan KW - Food industry -- Export-import trade KW - Food poisoning -- United States -- Michigan KW - Food contamination and inspection -- United States -- Michigan KW - United States -- Food and drug administration KW - United States -- Agriculture department UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59794796?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B56&rft.isbn=016057031X&rft.btitle=Contaminated+frozen+strawberries+in+school+lunches%3A+hearing%2C+June+5%2C+1997&rft.title=Contaminated+frozen+strawberries+in+school+lunches%3A+hearing%2C+June+5%2C+1997&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057031-X) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Outdoor recreation: a reader for Congress, June 1998 T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. Com. print S. print 105-53 AN - 59794454; 1998-0811890 AB - Compilation of research materials on the contemporary recreation industry; public health and economic benefits, government regulation and support for facilities development and maintenance; trends and issues; more than 125 papers and presentations; US. Prepared by the Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress. Contents: Recreation today; Economics of recreation; Federal role in recreation; State and local recreation needs. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. xi+1081 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - xi+1081 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160570077 KW - Recreation -- United States KW - United States -- Service sector KW - Recreation areas -- Federal aid KW - Public lands -- United States KW - Parks, National -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59794454?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=xi%2B1081&rft.isbn=0160570077&rft.btitle=Outdoor+recreation%3A+a+reader+for+Congress%2C+June+1998&rft.title=Outdoor+recreation%3A+a+reader+for+Congress%2C+June+1998&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057007-7) pa N1 - Document feature - bibl(s), table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The Copyright Office report on compulsory licensing of broadcast signals: hearing, November 12, 1997, on examining recommendations of the copyright licensing regimes governing the retransmission of over-the-air radio and television broadcast signals by cable systems, satellite carriers, and other multichannel video providers, including a proposed extension of the Satellite Home Viewer Act which expires in 1999 T2 - 105th Cong., 1st sess. Serial no. J-105-69 S. hearing 105-472 AN - 59794288; 1998-0811590 JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iv+144 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iv+144 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160565804 KW - Television stations -- Licensing KW - Broadcasting -- Regulation KW - Copyright -- United States KW - Property, Intellectual -- Legal aspects KW - Cable television -- Licensing KW - United States -- Information policy KW - Satellite broadcasting -- Regulation KW - United States -- Communications sector KW - Radio stations -- Licensing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59794288?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B144&rft.isbn=0160565804&rft.btitle=The+Copyright+Office+report+on+compulsory+licensing+of+broadcast+signals%3A+hearing%2C+November+12%2C+1997%2C+on+examining+recommendations+of+the+copyright+licensing+regimes+governing+the+retransmission+of+over-the-air+radio+and+television+broadcast+signals+by+cable+systems%2C+satellite+carriers%2C+and+other+multichannel+video+providers%2C+including+a+proposed+extension+of+the+Satellite+Home+Viewer+Act+which+expires+in+1999&rft.title=The+Copyright+Office+report+on+compulsory+licensing+of+broadcast+signals%3A+hearing%2C+November+12%2C+1997%2C+on+examining+recommendations+of+the+copyright+licensing+regimes+governing+the+retransmission+of+over-the-air+radio+and+television+broadcast+signals+by+cable+systems%2C+satellite+carriers%2C+and+other+multichannel+video+providers%2C+including+a+proposed+extension+of+the+Satellite+Home+Viewer+Act+which+expires+in+1999&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-056580-4) pa N1 - Document feature - il(s), table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Caring for America's children--a congressional symposium on child care and parenting: hearing, February 23, 1998, on examining three vital questions which should be addressed before action is taken by this Congress concerning the care of our nation's children; first, what is best for children? second, what do families really want? and third, what truly effective steps can be taken to enable families to provide the best care they can get for their children? it is critical that these questions be asked and answered before federal solutions are proposed T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-452 AN - 59793578; 1998-0811940 AB - How to best insure adequate daycare for children of working parents while recognizing commitments of non-working spouses whose primary responsibility is child raising; with discussion of diverse needs of middle class and poor families. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+94 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+94 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160565138 KW - Employment -- Parents KW - Child care -- United States KW - Child welfare -- United States KW - Labor conditions -- United States KW - United States -- Social policy KW - Day care centers -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59793578?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B94&rft.isbn=0160565138&rft.btitle=Caring+for+America%27s+children--a+congressional+symposium+on+child+care+and+parenting%3A+hearing%2C+February+23%2C+1998%2C+on+examining+three+vital+questions+which+should+be+addressed+before+action+is+taken+by+this+Congress+concerning+the+care+of+our+nation%27s+children%3B+first%2C+what+is+best+for+children%3F+second%2C+what+do+families+really+want%3F+and+third%2C+what+truly+effective+steps+can+be+taken+to+enable+families+to+provide+the+best+care+they+can+get+for+their+children%3F+it+is+critical+that+these+questions+be+asked+and+answered+before+federal+solutions+are+proposed&rft.title=Caring+for+America%27s+children--a+congressional+symposium+on+child+care+and+parenting%3A+hearing%2C+February+23%2C+1998%2C+on+examining+three+vital+questions+which+should+be+addressed+before+action+is+taken+by+this+Congress+concerning+the+care+of+our+nation%27s+children%3B+first%2C+what+is+best+for+children%3F+second%2C+what+do+families+really+want%3F+and+third%2C+what+truly+effective+steps+can+be+taken+to+enable+families+to+provide+the+best+care+they+can+get+for+their+children%3F+it+is+critical+that+these+questions+be+asked+and+answered+before+federal+solutions+are+proposed&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-056513-8) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Chlorofluorocarbon propellants in the atmosphere, inhalers and regulation: hearing, April 2, 1998, on examining the federal role in the implementation of Title VI of the Clean Air Act as it relates to the use of chlorofluorocarbons (CFC) in metered-dose inhalers (MDI), and an advance notice of proposed rulemaking to phase out essential-use exemptions for CFC-based MDI's T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-519 AN - 59793487; 1998-0909480 AB - Examines issues in proposed phase-out of CFCs for metered dose medical inhalers; cost and effectiveness of alternatives, impact on patients' health, public information on proposed changes, and other concerns; US. Use of MDIs to deliver drugs for treatment and prevention of chronic lung ailments including asthma, COPD, and cystic fibrosis. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+81 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+81 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160571421 KW - Medical instruments and apparatus -- Regulation KW - Prescriptions -- Regulation KW - Public health education -- United States KW - United States -- Health policy KW - Fluorocarbons -- Regulation KW - United States -- Environmental policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59793487?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B81&rft.isbn=0160571421&rft.btitle=Chlorofluorocarbon+propellants+in+the+atmosphere%2C+inhalers+and+regulation%3A+hearing%2C+April+2%2C+1998%2C+on+examining+the+federal+role+in+the+implementation+of+Title+VI+of+the+Clean+Air+Act+as+it+relates+to+the+use+of+chlorofluorocarbons+%28CFC%29+in+metered-dose+inhalers+%28MDI%29%2C+and+an+advance+notice+of+proposed+rulemaking+to+phase+out+essential-use+exemptions+for+CFC-based+MDI%27s&rft.title=Chlorofluorocarbon+propellants+in+the+atmosphere%2C+inhalers+and+regulation%3A+hearing%2C+April+2%2C+1998%2C+on+examining+the+federal+role+in+the+implementation+of+Title+VI+of+the+Clean+Air+Act+as+it+relates+to+the+use+of+chlorofluorocarbons+%28CFC%29+in+metered-dose+inhalers+%28MDI%29%2C+and+an+advance+notice+of+proposed+rulemaking+to+phase+out+essential-use+exemptions+for+CFC-based+MDI%27s&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057142-1) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Special forest products: hearing, February 25, 1998 T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-505 AN - 59793486; 1998-0811690 AB - Reviews US Forest Service efforts to develop and implement new harvesting and monitoring programs, manage competition between native American tribes and commercial harvesters, and promote community forestry; national forests. With reference to foods and flavorings, medicinal herbs and pharmaceuticals, decoratives, floral greenery and dyes, special wood products, landscaping materials, posts and piles, floral greenery, and other materials. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+83 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+83 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160571022 KW - Conservation of resources -- United States KW - Forests, National -- Administration KW - United States -- Forest service KW - United States -- Environmental policy KW - Natural resources -- United States KW - United States -- Native races KW - Forest products -- Regulation KW - Indians -- Economic conditions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59793486?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B83&rft.isbn=0160571022&rft.btitle=Special+forest+products%3A+hearing%2C+February+25%2C+1998&rft.title=Special+forest+products%3A+hearing%2C+February+25%2C+1998&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057102-2) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The impact of Section 110 of the 1996 Immigration Act on land borders of the United States: hearing, November 5, 1997, on S. 1360, a bill to amend the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996 to clarify and improve the requirements for the development of an automated entry-exit control system, to enhance land border control and enforcement, and for other purposes T2 - 105th Cong., 1st sess. Serial no. J-105-89 S. hearing 105-442 AN - 59792715; 1998-0909040 JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iv+101 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iv+101 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160564913 KW - Internal security -- United States KW - Law enforcement -- Information processing systems KW - Immigration and emigration -- United States -- Legislation KW - United States -- Immigration policy KW - Electronics in criminal investigation, espionage, etc. -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59792715?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B101&rft.isbn=0160564913&rft.btitle=The+impact+of+Section+110+of+the+1996+Immigration+Act+on+land+borders+of+the+United+States%3A+hearing%2C+November+5%2C+1997%2C+on+S.+1360%2C+a+bill+to+amend+the+Illegal+Immigration+Reform+and+Immigrant+Responsibility+Act+of+1996+to+clarify+and+improve+the+requirements+for+the+development+of+an+automated+entry-exit+control+system%2C+to+enhance+land+border+control+and+enforcement%2C+and+for+other+purposes&rft.title=The+impact+of+Section+110+of+the+1996+Immigration+Act+on+land+borders+of+the+United+States%3A+hearing%2C+November+5%2C+1997%2C+on+S.+1360%2C+a+bill+to+amend+the+Illegal+Immigration+Reform+and+Immigrant+Responsibility+Act+of+1996+to+clarify+and+improve+the+requirements+for+the+development+of+an+automated+entry-exit+control+system%2C+to+enhance+land+border+control+and+enforcement%2C+and+for+other+purposes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-056491-3) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s), map(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The copyright infringement liability of online and Internet service providers: hearing, September 4, 1997, on S. 1146, a bill to amend Title 17, United States Code, to provide limitations on copyright liability relating to material online, and for other purposes T2 - 105th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 105-366 Serial no. J-105-44 AN - 59792422; 1998-0508550 AB - Examines service provider liability for copyright violations related to content delivered electronically over their networks; discusses international and national intellectual property protections; US. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iv+117 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iv+117 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160562635 KW - Telecommunications -- Legal aspects KW - Copyright -- United States KW - Internet -- Legal aspects KW - Property, Intellectual -- United States -- Legislation KW - United States -- Information policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59792422?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B117&rft.isbn=0160562635&rft.btitle=The+copyright+infringement+liability+of+online+and+Internet+service+providers%3A+hearing%2C+September+4%2C+1997%2C+on+S.+1146%2C+a+bill+to+amend+Title+17%2C+United+States+Code%2C+to+provide+limitations+on+copyright+liability+relating+to+material+online%2C+and+for+other+purposes&rft.title=The+copyright+infringement+liability+of+online+and+Internet+service+providers%3A+hearing%2C+September+4%2C+1997%2C+on+S.+1146%2C+a+bill+to+amend+Title+17%2C+United+States+Code%2C+to+provide+limitations+on+copyright+liability+relating+to+material+online%2C+and+for+other+purposes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-056263-5) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty: special hearing, [October 29, 1997] T2 - 105th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 105-480 AN - 59792085; 1998-0907910 AB - Explores impact of the CTBT on US defense and energy budgets. Effect on the Energy Department's Stockpile Stewardship and Management Program and verification programs. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+69 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+69 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160570115 KW - Atomic weapons -- Testing -- Treaties KW - Arms limitation -- Treaties KW - United States -- Defenses -- Finance KW - United States -- Military policy KW - Arms limitation -- Inspection KW - United States -- Energy department UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59792085?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B69&rft.isbn=0160570115&rft.btitle=Comprehensive+Test+Ban+Treaty%3A+special+hearing%2C&rft.title=Comprehensive+Test+Ban+Treaty%3A+special+hearing%2C&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057011-5) pa N1 - Document feature - chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) enlargement costs: special hearings, [October 21-23, 1997] T2 - 105th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 105-451 AN - 59791700; 1998-0907940 AB - Implications for US defense spending and armed forces modernization of accession of Eastern and Central European countries. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. vi+163 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - vi+163 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160565243 KW - North Atlantic treaty organization -- Membership KW - Eastern Europe -- Foreign relations KW - Central Europe -- Foreign relations KW - United States -- Defenses -- Economic aspects KW - Europe -- Defenses -- Economic aspects KW - Regional security -- Europe UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59791700?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=vi%2B163&rft.isbn=0160565243&rft.btitle=North+Atlantic+Treaty+Organization+%28NATO%29+enlargement+costs%3A+special+hearings%2C&rft.title=North+Atlantic+Treaty+Organization+%28NATO%29+enlargement+costs%3A+special+hearings%2C&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-056524-3) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The 1996 Telecom Act: an antitrust perspective: hearing, September 17, 1997, on examining the outlook for competition in the Telecommunications Act of 1996, and the role of the Department of Justice in promoting and protecting this competition T2 - 105th Cong., 1st sess. Serial no. J-105-47 S. hearing 105-378 AN - 59791378; 1998-0908610 AB - Assesses impact of the Act on prices and service in local, long distance, and cable markets. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iv+130 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iv+130 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160562775 KW - Competition -- Regulation KW - Telecommunications -- United States -- Legislation KW - United States -- Communications sector KW - United States -- Justice department KW - Trusts, Industrial -- United States -- Legislation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59791378?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B130&rft.isbn=0160562775&rft.btitle=The+1996+Telecom+Act%3A+an+antitrust+perspective%3A+hearing%2C+September+17%2C+1997%2C+on+examining+the+outlook+for+competition+in+the+Telecommunications+Act+of+1996%2C+and+the+role+of+the+Department+of+Justice+in+promoting+and+protecting+this+competition&rft.title=The+1996+Telecom+Act%3A+an+antitrust+perspective%3A+hearing%2C+September+17%2C+1997%2C+on+examining+the+outlook+for+competition+in+the+Telecommunications+Act+of+1996%2C+and+the+role+of+the+Department+of+Justice+in+promoting+and+protecting+this+competition&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-056277-5) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Endangered Species Recovery Act: hearings, September 23-24, 1997, on S. 1180, a bill to reauthorize the Endangered Species Act T2 - 105th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 105-369 AN - 59791233; 1998-0511360 AB - To protect natural resources and biodiversity; US. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iv+225 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iv+225 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160563089 KW - Wildlife conservation -- United States -- Legislation KW - Endangered species -- United States -- Legislation KW - United States -- Environmental policy -- Legislation KW - Nature conservation -- United States -- Legislation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59791233?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B225&rft.isbn=0160563089&rft.btitle=Endangered+Species+Recovery+Act%3A+hearings%2C+September+23-24%2C+1997%2C+on+S.+1180%2C+a+bill+to+reauthorize+the+Endangered+Species+Act&rft.title=Endangered+Species+Recovery+Act%3A+hearings%2C+September+23-24%2C+1997%2C+on+S.+1180%2C+a+bill+to+reauthorize+the+Endangered+Species+Act&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-056308-9) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Global health: U.S. response to infectious diseases: hearing, March 3, 1998, on examining how certain infectious diseases are a continuing threat to the health of United States citizens and of people around the world and the United States response to promote the international effort to combat emerging diseases T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-501 AN - 59790633; 1998-0809700 JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+97 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+97 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160570735 KW - Public health -- International cooperation KW - Communicable diseases -- International aspects KW - United States -- Health policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59790633?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B97&rft.isbn=0160570735&rft.btitle=Global+health%3A+U.S.+response+to+infectious+diseases%3A+hearing%2C+March+3%2C+1998%2C+on+examining+how+certain+infectious+diseases+are+a+continuing+threat+to+the+health+of+United+States+citizens+and+of+people+around+the+world+and+the+United+States+response+to+promote+the+international+effort+to+combat+emerging+diseases&rft.title=Global+health%3A+U.S.+response+to+infectious+diseases%3A+hearing%2C+March+3%2C+1998%2C+on+examining+how+certain+infectious+diseases+are+a+continuing+threat+to+the+health+of+United+States+citizens+and+of+people+around+the+world+and+the+United+States+response+to+promote+the+international+effort+to+combat+emerging+diseases&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057073-5) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s), map(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Permanent extension of most-favored-nation (MFN) trade status to Romania: hearing, June 4, 1996, on H.R. 3161 and S. 1644 T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-885 AN - 59789942; 1998-0908320 AB - US authorization of nondiscriminatory MFN status. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iv+95 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iv+95 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160562988 KW - Romania -- Commerce -- United States KW - United States -- Commerce -- Romania KW - United States -- Commercial policy KW - Favored nation clause UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59789942?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B95&rft.isbn=0160562988&rft.btitle=Permanent+extension+of+most-favored-nation+%28MFN%29+trade+status+to+Romania%3A+hearing%2C+June+4%2C+1996%2C+on+H.R.+3161+and+S.+1644&rft.title=Permanent+extension+of+most-favored-nation+%28MFN%29+trade+status+to+Romania%3A+hearing%2C+June+4%2C+1996%2C+on+H.R.+3161+and+S.+1644&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-056298-8) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - State and local views of proposed national tobacco policy: hearing, February 19, 1998, on examining the scope and depth of the proposed settlement between state attorneys general and tobacco companies to mandate a total reformation and restructuring of how tobacco products are manufactured, marketed, and distributed in America T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-466 AN - 59789581; 1998-0807590 AB - Examines objectives to ensure various views' representation, the Preventing Addiction to Smoking among Teens (PAST) Act for improving public health provisions of the 1997 settlement against tobacco companies, and the role and authority of the FDA in policy; US. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+43 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+43 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160565669 KW - State and local government relations -- United States KW - Smoking -- Regulation KW - Tobacco industry -- United States -- Legislation KW - Public health -- United States KW - Youth -- Health KW - United States -- Health policy KW - United States -- Food and drug administration KW - Youth and law -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59789581?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B43&rft.isbn=0160565669&rft.btitle=State+and+local+views+of+proposed+national+tobacco+policy%3A+hearing%2C+February+19%2C+1998%2C+on+examining+the+scope+and+depth+of+the+proposed+settlement+between+state+attorneys+general+and+tobacco+companies+to+mandate+a+total+reformation+and+restructuring+of+how+tobacco+products+are+manufactured%2C+marketed%2C+and+distributed+in+America&rft.title=State+and+local+views+of+proposed+national+tobacco+policy%3A+hearing%2C+February+19%2C+1998%2C+on+examining+the+scope+and+depth+of+the+proposed+settlement+between+state+attorneys+general+and+tobacco+companies+to+mandate+a+total+reformation+and+restructuring+of+how+tobacco+products+are+manufactured%2C+marketed%2C+and+distributed+in+America&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-056566-9) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The impact of Section 110 of the 1996 Immigration Act on the Canadian-American border: hearing, October 14, 1997, on examining Section 110 and its implications, primarily in Michigan, on our industries--tourism, the auto industry, and other businesses--as well as how it will affect Canadian-American relations T2 - 105th Cong., 1st sess. Serial no. J-105-61 S. hearing 105-433 AN - 59789549; 1998-0602930 AB - Section 110 requires that the Immigration and Naturalization Service develop an automated system for documenting the arrival and departure of every alien entering or leaving the US. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iv+62 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iv+62 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160564514 KW - Michigan -- Economic conditions KW - Canada -- Economic relations -- United States KW - United States -- Economic relations -- Canada KW - Canada -- Foreign relations -- United States KW - United States -- Immigration policy -- Legislation KW - United States -- Foreign relations -- Canada KW - United States and Canada -- Border areas UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59789549?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B62&rft.isbn=0160564514&rft.btitle=The+impact+of+Section+110+of+the+1996+Immigration+Act+on+the+Canadian-American+border%3A+hearing%2C+October+14%2C+1997%2C+on+examining+Section+110+and+its+implications%2C+primarily+in+Michigan%2C+on+our+industries--tourism%2C+the+auto+industry%2C+and+other+businesses--as+well+as+how+it+will+affect+Canadian-American+relations&rft.title=The+impact+of+Section+110+of+the+1996+Immigration+Act+on+the+Canadian-American+border%3A+hearing%2C+October+14%2C+1997%2C+on+examining+Section+110+and+its+implications%2C+primarily+in+Michigan%2C+on+our+industries--tourism%2C+the+auto+industry%2C+and+other+businesses--as+well+as+how+it+will+affect+Canadian-American+relations&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-056451-4) pa N1 - Document feature - chart(s), map(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Effect of herbicide exposure on reproductive outcomes: hearing, September 19, 1996 T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-723 AN - 59789525; 1998-0908270 AB - Explores medical and scientific bases for compensating Vietnamese conflict veterans and their children who have diseases which may have been caused by exposure to herbicides, including Agent Orange. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iv+188 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iv+188 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160561175 KW - Government liability -- United States KW - Vietnamese conflict, 1961-75 KW - Herbicides -- Physiological effect KW - Child health -- United States KW - United States -- Armed forces -- Medical and sanitary affairs KW - Human reproduction -- United States KW - Veterans -- Health KW - Agent Orange -- Physiological effect KW - Medicine, Military -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59789525?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B188&rft.isbn=0160561175&rft.btitle=Effect+of+herbicide+exposure+on+reproductive+outcomes%3A+hearing%2C+September+19%2C+1996&rft.title=Effect+of+herbicide+exposure+on+reproductive+outcomes%3A+hearing%2C+September+19%2C+1996&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-056117-5) pa N1 - Document feature - bibl(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Haitian Refugee Immigration Fairness Act: hearing, December 17, 1997 T2 - 105th Cong., 1st sess. Serial no. J-105-71 S. hearing 105-485 AN - 59789475; 1998-0908030 AB - Proposed legislation to amend the 1996 Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act concerning the status of Haitian refugees. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iv+58 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iv+58 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160570336 KW - Immigration and emigration -- United States -- Legislation KW - United States -- Immigration policy KW - Refugees, Haitian -- Legal status, laws, etc. UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59789475?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B58&rft.isbn=0160570336&rft.btitle=Haitian+Refugee+Immigration+Fairness+Act%3A+hearing%2C+December+17%2C+1997&rft.title=Haitian+Refugee+Immigration+Fairness+Act%3A+hearing%2C+December+17%2C+1997&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057033-6) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Compilation of hearings on national security issues, April 1998 T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. Com. print S. print 105-50 AN - 59789353; 1998-0907830 AB - Topics include nuclear deterrence, national missile defense and US-Russia relations, proliferation and China, US export controls, North Korea's missile proliferation, and US atomic weapons. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. xii+675 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - xii+675 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160563836 KW - Atomic weapons -- United States KW - Nuclear nonproliferation KW - Guided missiles -- Defenses KW - United States -- Defenses KW - Deterrence (strategy) -- United States KW - Munitions -- Export-import trade -- Regulation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59789353?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=xii%2B675&rft.isbn=0160563836&rft.btitle=Compilation+of+hearings+on+national+security+issues%2C+April+1998&rft.title=Compilation+of+hearings+on+national+security+issues%2C+April+1998&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-056383-6) pa N1 - Document feature - il(s), chart(s), map(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Sexual harassment in the Department of Veterans Affairs: hearing, May 15, 1997 T2 - 105th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 105-350 AN - 59788370; 1998-0907380 AB - Examines incidents of alleged harassment and VA responses. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iv+132 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iv+132 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160561760 KW - Women -- Crimes against KW - United States -- Veterans affairs department KW - Women government employees -- United States KW - Civil service -- United States KW - Sexual harassment -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59788370?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B132&rft.isbn=0160561760&rft.btitle=Sexual+harassment+in+the+Department+of+Veterans+Affairs%3A+hearing%2C+May+15%2C+1997&rft.title=Sexual+harassment+in+the+Department+of+Veterans+Affairs%3A+hearing%2C+May+15%2C+1997&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-056176-0) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Congress' constitutional role in protecting religious liberty: hearing, October 1, 1997, on examining Congress' role in protecting religious liberty in the wake of the Supreme Court's decision in the case of City of Boerne v. Flores in which the Court held the Religious Freedom Restoration Act unconstitutional under the 14th Amendment as applied to the states T2 - 105th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 105-405 Serial no. J-105-55 AN - 59788280; 1998-0511310 JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+88 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+88 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160563518 KW - United States -- Congress KW - United States -- Constitution -- Fourteenth amendment KW - Religious liberty -- United States KW - United States -- Supreme court -- Decisions KW - Federal and state relations -- Legal aspects KW - Constitutional law -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59788280?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B88&rft.isbn=0160563518&rft.btitle=Congress%27+constitutional+role+in+protecting+religious+liberty%3A+hearing%2C+October+1%2C+1997%2C+on+examining+Congress%27+role+in+protecting+religious+liberty+in+the+wake+of+the+Supreme+Court%27s+decision+in+the+case+of+City+of+Boerne+v.+Flores+in+which+the+Court+held+the+Religious+Freedom+Restoration+Act+unconstitutional+under+the+14th+Amendment+as+applied+to+the+states&rft.title=Congress%27+constitutional+role+in+protecting+religious+liberty%3A+hearing%2C+October+1%2C+1997%2C+on+examining+Congress%27+role+in+protecting+religious+liberty+in+the+wake+of+the+Supreme+Court%27s+decision+in+the+case+of+City+of+Boerne+v.+Flores+in+which+the+Court+held+the+Religious+Freedom+Restoration+Act+unconstitutional+under+the+14th+Amendment+as+applied+to+the+states&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-056351-8) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - National parks restoration plan: hearings, November 17, 1997, on the national parks restoration plan: "Vision 2020" and to solicit proactive solutions and innovative remedies to build a more efficient and effective National Park System T2 - 105th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 105-394 AN - 59788260; 1998-0511340 AB - United States. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iv+177 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iv+177 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160563275 KW - Conservation of resources -- United States KW - Recreation -- Environmental aspects KW - United States -- Environmental policy KW - Parks, National -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59788260?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B177&rft.isbn=0160563275&rft.btitle=National+parks+restoration+plan%3A+hearings%2C+November+17%2C+1997%2C+on+the+national+parks+restoration+plan%3A+%22Vision+2020%22+and+to+solicit+proactive+solutions+and+innovative+remedies+to+build+a+more+efficient+and+effective+National+Park+System&rft.title=National+parks+restoration+plan%3A+hearings%2C+November+17%2C+1997%2C+on+the+national+parks+restoration+plan%3A+%22Vision+2020%22+and+to+solicit+proactive+solutions+and+innovative+remedies+to+build+a+more+efficient+and+effective+National+Park+System&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-056327-5) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Music violence: how does it affect our children: hearing, November 6, 1997 T2 - 105th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 105-395 AN - 59787551; 1998-0600720 AB - Examines potential effects of violent, anti-social, and mysogynist lyrics, and those that glorify criminal activities; US. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+86 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+86 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160563240 KW - Youth -- United States KW - Music, Popular -- Social aspects KW - Censorship -- United States KW - United States -- Popular culture KW - Mass media -- Social aspects KW - Violence in mass media -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59787551?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B86&rft.isbn=0160563240&rft.btitle=Music+violence%3A+how+does+it+affect+our+children%3A+hearing%2C+November+6%2C+1997&rft.title=Music+violence%3A+how+does+it+affect+our+children%3A+hearing%2C+November+6%2C+1997&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-056324-0) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The encryption debate: criminals, terrorists, and the security needs of business and industry: hearing, September 3, 1997, on the impact of encryption technology on public safety and law enforcement, focusing on the security needs of business and industry and the use of encryption by organized crime and terrorists T2 - 105th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 105-415 Serial no. J-105-43 AN - 59787492; 1998-0600640 AB - Testimony from the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), a panel of academic experts, and a panel of industry experts. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iv+116 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iv+116 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160563593 KW - Internal security -- United States KW - Cryptography -- Regulation KW - Telecommunications -- Security measures KW - Organized crime -- United States KW - Terrorism -- United States KW - Internal security, Industrial -- United States KW - Business intelligence -- United States KW - Public safety -- United States KW - United States -- Technology policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59787492?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B116&rft.isbn=0160563593&rft.btitle=The+encryption+debate%3A+criminals%2C+terrorists%2C+and+the+security+needs+of+business+and+industry%3A+hearing%2C+September+3%2C+1997%2C+on+the+impact+of+encryption+technology+on+public+safety+and+law+enforcement%2C+focusing+on+the+security+needs+of+business+and+industry+and+the+use+of+encryption+by+organized+crime+and+terrorists&rft.title=The+encryption+debate%3A+criminals%2C+terrorists%2C+and+the+security+needs+of+business+and+industry%3A+hearing%2C+September+3%2C+1997%2C+on+the+impact+of+encryption+technology+on+public+safety+and+law+enforcement%2C+focusing+on+the+security+needs+of+business+and+industry+and+the+use+of+encryption+by+organized+crime+and+terrorists&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-056359-3) pa N1 - Document feature - il(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Non-school hours: mobilizing school and community resources: hearing, February 25, 1998, on examining certain initiatives to mobilize school and community resources to provide quality programs to address the needs of students during non-school hours, including the administration's proposed expansion of the 21st century community learning centers program designed to provide funds to school-community partnerships to start up or expand after-school, extended learning programs for schoolage children T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-468 AN - 59787164; 1998-0809550 AB - Discusses how President Clinton's child care initiative, announced in Jan. 1998, will address this issue; US. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+75 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+75 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160565766 KW - Nonformal education -- United States KW - Child welfare -- United States KW - Innovation in education -- United States KW - Community centers -- United States KW - United States -- Social policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59787164?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B75&rft.isbn=0160565766&rft.btitle=Non-school+hours%3A+mobilizing+school+and+community+resources%3A+hearing%2C+February+25%2C+1998%2C+on+examining+certain+initiatives+to+mobilize+school+and+community+resources+to+provide+quality+programs+to+address+the+needs+of+students+during+non-school+hours%2C+including+the+administration%27s+proposed+expansion+of+the+21st+century+community+learning+centers+program+designed+to+provide+funds+to+school-community+partnerships+to+start+up+or+expand+after-school%2C+extended+learning+programs+for+schoolage+children&rft.title=Non-school+hours%3A+mobilizing+school+and+community+resources%3A+hearing%2C+February+25%2C+1998%2C+on+examining+certain+initiatives+to+mobilize+school+and+community+resources+to+provide+quality+programs+to+address+the+needs+of+students+during+non-school+hours%2C+including+the+administration%27s+proposed+expansion+of+the+21st+century+community+learning+centers+program+designed+to+provide+funds+to+school-community+partnerships+to+start+up+or+expand+after-school%2C+extended+learning+programs+for+schoolage+children&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-056576-6) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - S. 981--the Regulatory Improvement Act of 1998: hearing, February 24, 1998, to provide for analysis of major rules T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-486 AN - 59787143; 1998-0809610 AB - To make better use of federal agencies' decisionmaking tools, such as risk and cost-benefit analysis, and disclosure to the public of information agencies use, and how the government works; US. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. v+435 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - v+435 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160570379 KW - United States -- General accounting office KW - United States -- Government and politics KW - Government agencies -- Decision-making UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59787143?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=v%2B435&rft.isbn=0160570379&rft.btitle=S.+981--the+Regulatory+Improvement+Act+of+1998%3A+hearing%2C+February+24%2C+1998%2C+to+provide+for+analysis+of+major+rules&rft.title=S.+981--the+Regulatory+Improvement+Act+of+1998%3A+hearing%2C+February+24%2C+1998%2C+to+provide+for+analysis+of+major+rules&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057037-9) pa N1 - Document feature - bibl(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Conrail merger implications: special hearing, [March 20, 1997] T2 - 105th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 105-514 AN - 59786269; 1998-0809520 AB - Discusses the proposed acquisition of the Consolidated Rail Corporation by the CSX Corporation and the Norfolk Southern Corporation; US. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iv+99 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iv+99 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160571235 KW - CSX Transportation KW - Consolidated rail corporation KW - Railroads -- Consolidation and mergers KW - United States -- Transportation sector KW - Norfolk southern corporation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59786269?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B99&rft.isbn=0160571235&rft.btitle=Conrail+merger+implications%3A+special+hearing%2C&rft.title=Conrail+merger+implications%3A+special+hearing%2C&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057123-5) pa N1 - Document feature - chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Antitrust perspective on the global tobacco settlement: hearing, October 29, 1997, on examining certain antitrust implications of the proposed settlement between state attorneys general and tobacco companies to mandate a total reformation and restructuring of how tobacco products are manufactured, marketed and distributed in America T2 - 105th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 105-437 Serial no. J-105-60 AN - 59785988; 1998-0602960 AB - Examines desirability of granting an antitrust exemption to the US tobacco industry. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+35 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+35 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160564670 KW - United States -- Economic policy KW - Tobacco industry -- United States -- Legislation KW - Tobacco industry -- Regulation KW - Trusts, Industrial -- United States -- Legislation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59785988?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B35&rft.isbn=0160564670&rft.btitle=Antitrust+perspective+on+the+global+tobacco+settlement%3A+hearing%2C+October+29%2C+1997%2C+on+examining+certain+antitrust+implications+of+the+proposed+settlement+between+state+attorneys+general+and+tobacco+companies+to+mandate+a+total+reformation+and+restructuring+of+how+tobacco+products+are+manufactured%2C+marketed+and+distributed+in+America&rft.title=Antitrust+perspective+on+the+global+tobacco+settlement%3A+hearing%2C+October+29%2C+1997%2C+on+examining+certain+antitrust+implications+of+the+proposed+settlement+between+state+attorneys+general+and+tobacco+companies+to+mandate+a+total+reformation+and+restructuring+of+how+tobacco+products+are+manufactured%2C+marketed+and+distributed+in+America&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-056467-0) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The exploding problem of telephone slamming in America: hearing, February 18 and April 23, 1998 T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-487 AN - 59785115; 1998-0809560 AB - Examines the problem of unauthorized switching of consumers' long-distance service, questions about federal government response to the problem, including FCC efforts, and other issues. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. viii+333 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - viii+333 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160570387 KW - Consumer protection -- United States KW - Telephone companies -- Regulation KW - Government regulation of business -- United States KW - Fraud -- United States KW - United States -- Federal communications commission UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59785115?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=viii%2B333&rft.isbn=0160570387&rft.btitle=The+exploding+problem+of+telephone+slamming+in+America%3A+hearing%2C+February+18+and+April+23%2C+1998&rft.title=The+exploding+problem+of+telephone+slamming+in+America%3A+hearing%2C+February+18+and+April+23%2C+1998&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057038-7) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The debate on NATO enlargement: hearings, October 7-November 5, 1997 T2 - 105th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 105-285 AN - 59784975; 1998-0310200 AB - Expanding NATO membership to include Poland, Hungary, and the Czech Republic; US share of costs, relations with Russia, and other issues. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. vi+552 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - vi+552 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160560047 KW - Europe -- Defenses KW - North Atlantic treaty organization -- Membership KW - United States -- Defenses -- Finance KW - United States -- Foreign relations KW - Regional security -- Europe UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59784975?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=vi%2B552&rft.isbn=0160560047&rft.btitle=The+debate+on+NATO+enlargement%3A+hearings%2C+October+7-November+5%2C+1997&rft.title=The+debate+on+NATO+enlargement%3A+hearings%2C+October+7-November+5%2C+1997&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-056004-7) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Mammography: hearings, February 5-March 3, 1997 T2 - 105th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 105-179 Special hearings AN - 59784866; 1998-0602400 AB - Discusses medical research findings about costs and benefits of having mammograms; focuses on reactions to the Jan. 23, 1997 report, issued by the National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference, concluding that there is insufficient evidence to warrant the test for women ages 40-49; US. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. v+198 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - v+198 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160564484 KW - United States -- Medical sector KW - Women -- Health KW - Women -- Medical care KW - United States -- National institutes of health KW - Breast cancer -- Prevention KW - Medical technology -- United States KW - Medical research -- United States KW - Mammography -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59784866?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=v%2B198&rft.isbn=0160564484&rft.btitle=Mammography%3A+hearings%2C+February+5-March+3%2C+1997&rft.title=Mammography%3A+hearings%2C+February+5-March+3%2C+1997&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-056448-4) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - A progress report on the reforms in D.C. public schools: hearing, September 8, 1997 T2 - 105th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 105-364 AN - 59781593; 1998-0609210 AB - Examines school management, establishment of charter schools, provision of scholarships to low-income children in private schools, and the issue of school choice. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+101 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+101 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160562309 KW - School administration and organization -- United States -- District of Columbia KW - Charter schools -- United States -- District of Columbia KW - District of Columbia -- Educational sector KW - School choice -- United States -- District of Columbia KW - Scholarships and fellowships -- United States -- District of Columbia KW - Schools -- United States -- District of Columbia UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59781593?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B101&rft.isbn=0160562309&rft.btitle=A+progress+report+on+the+reforms+in+D.C.+public+schools%3A+hearing%2C+September+8%2C+1997&rft.title=A+progress+report+on+the+reforms+in+D.C.+public+schools%3A+hearing%2C+September+8%2C+1997&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-056230-9) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Religious persecution in the Middle East; faces of the persecuted: hearings, May 1 and June 10, 1997 T2 - 105th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 105-352 AN - 59781130; 1998-0411770 AB - On persecution of Copts in Egypt, Evangelicals in Iran, Catholics in Algeria, Assyrian Christians in Iraq and Saudi Arabia, and Christians in Pakistan and Lebanon. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+124 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+124 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160562295 KW - Christian-Muslim relations -- Middle East KW - Religious liberty -- Middle East KW - Middle East -- Social conditions KW - Christianity -- Middle East UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59781130?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B124&rft.isbn=0160562295&rft.btitle=Religious+persecution+in+the+Middle+East%3B+faces+of+the+persecuted%3A+hearings%2C+May+1+and+June+10%2C+1997&rft.title=Religious+persecution+in+the+Middle+East%3B+faces+of+the+persecuted%3A+hearings%2C+May+1+and+June+10%2C+1997&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-056229-5) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Religious workers: hearing, September 12, 1997, on proposals to permanently extend the expiring provisions of current immigration law which provides special immigrant visas for religious workers sponsored by religious organizations in the United States T2 - 105th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 105-326 Serial no. J-105-48 AN - 59780928; 1998-0313350 JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+24 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+24 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160561094 KW - Church and state -- United States KW - United States -- Immigration policy KW - Religious orders KW - Visas -- United States KW - Clergy -- Legal status, laws, etc. KW - Immigration and emigration -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59780928?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B24&rft.isbn=0160561094&rft.btitle=Religious+workers%3A+hearing%2C+September+12%2C+1997%2C+on+proposals+to+permanently+extend+the+expiring+provisions+of+current+immigration+law+which+provides+special+immigrant+visas+for+religious+workers+sponsored+by+religious+organizations+in+the+United+States&rft.title=Religious+workers%3A+hearing%2C+September+12%2C+1997%2C+on+proposals+to+permanently+extend+the+expiring+provisions+of+current+immigration+law+which+provides+special+immigrant+visas+for+religious+workers+sponsored+by+religious+organizations+in+the+United+States&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-056109-4) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Global climate change: hearings, July 10 and 17, 1997, on reviewing the effects of greenhouse gases on global weather conditions and assessing international policy options to reduce the negative impacts of climate change T2 - 105th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 105-304 AN - 59779823; 1998-0313300 JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iv+276 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iv+276 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160560594 KW - Weather -- International aspects KW - Climate -- International aspects KW - Global warming UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59779823?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B276&rft.isbn=0160560594&rft.btitle=Global+climate+change%3A+hearings%2C+July+10+and+17%2C+1997%2C+on+reviewing+the+effects+of+greenhouse+gases+on+global+weather+conditions+and+assessing+international+policy+options+to+reduce+the+negative+impacts+of+climate+change&rft.title=Global+climate+change%3A+hearings%2C+July+10+and+17%2C+1997%2C+on+reviewing+the+effects+of+greenhouse+gases+on+global+weather+conditions+and+assessing+international+policy+options+to+reduce+the+negative+impacts+of+climate+change&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-056059-4) pa N1 - Document feature - bibl(s), il(s), table(s), chart(s), map(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - S. 712--Government Secrecy Act of 1997: hearing, March 25, 1998, to provide for a system to classify information in the interests of national security and a system to declassify such information T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-525 AN - 59779605; 1998-0909470 AB - Pros and cons of legislation intended to mandate a role for Congress in development of policies and procedures for classifying information, now an executive branch prerogative; some focus on accountability. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+122 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+122 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 016057157X KW - Internal security -- United States KW - Executive-legislative relations -- United States KW - Official secrets -- United States KW - United States -- Information policy KW - United States -- Defenses KW - Security classification (government documents) -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59779605?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B122&rft.isbn=016057157X&rft.btitle=S.+712--Government+Secrecy+Act+of+1997%3A+hearing%2C+March+25%2C+1998%2C+to+provide+for+a+system+to+classify+information+in+the+interests+of+national+security+and+a+system+to+declassify+such+information&rft.title=S.+712--Government+Secrecy+Act+of+1997%3A+hearing%2C+March+25%2C+1998%2C+to+provide+for+a+system+to+classify+information+in+the+interests+of+national+security+and+a+system+to+declassify+such+information&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-057157-X) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Investigation on illegal or improper activities in connection with the 1996 federal election campaign: hearings, July 8-September 11, 1997 T2 - 105th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 105-300 AN - 59779165; 1998-0407120 AB - Alleged attempts by the Chinese government, the Indonesian Lippo Group, and others to provide illegal financing in US political campaigns, Apr. 29, 1996 luncheon fundraiser at the Hsi Lai Temple in Los Angeles, California, and reform issues. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160560381 KW - Government investigations -- United States KW - Political ethics -- United States KW - Campaign funds -- United States KW - United States -- Government and politics KW - Corruption -- United States KW - Campaigns, Presidential -- 1996 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59779165?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0160560381&rft.btitle=Investigation+on+illegal+or+improper+activities+in+connection+with+the+1996+federal+election+campaign%3A+hearings%2C+July+8-September+11%2C+1997&rft.title=Investigation+on+illegal+or+improper+activities+in+connection+with+the+1996+federal+election+campaign%3A+hearings%2C+July+8-September+11%2C+1997&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs pt 1 (ISBN 0-16-056038-1; pt 2) pa N1 - Document feature - bibl(s), il(s), table(s), chart(s), map(s) N1 - SuppNotes - 6pts N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Vindication of property rights: improving citizens' access to justice: hearing, October 7, 1997, on H.R. 1534, an Act to simplify and expedite access to the federal courts for injured parties whose rights and privileges, secured by the United States Constitution, have been deprived by final actions of federal agencies, or other government officials or entities acting under color of state law; to prevent federal courts from abstaining from exercising federal jurisdiction in actions where no state law claim is alleged; to permit certification of unsettled state law questions that are essential to resolving federal claims arising under the Constitution; and to clarify when government action is sufficiently final to ripen certain federal claims arising under the Constitution T2 - 105th Cong., 1st sess. Serial no. J-105-56 S. hearing 105-432 AN - 59778109; 1998-0604390 AB - Examines problems faced by private property owners in protecting their rights in court. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iv+125 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iv+125 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160564492 KW - Administration of justice -- United States KW - Right of property -- United States KW - United States -- Constitution -- Fifth amendment KW - Constitutional law -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59778109?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B125&rft.isbn=0160564492&rft.btitle=Vindication+of+property+rights%3A+improving+citizens%27+access+to+justice%3A+hearing%2C+October+7%2C+1997%2C+on+H.R.+1534%2C+an+Act+to+simplify+and+expedite+access+to+the+federal+courts+for+injured+parties+whose+rights+and+privileges%2C+secured+by+the+United+States+Constitution%2C+have+been+deprived+by+final+actions+of+federal+agencies%2C+or+other+government+officials+or+entities+acting+under+color+of+state+law%3B+to+prevent+federal+courts+from+abstaining+from+exercising+federal+jurisdiction+in+actions+where+no+state+law+claim+is+alleged%3B+to+permit+certification+of+unsettled+state+law+questions+that+are+essential+to+resolving+federal+claims+arising+under+the+Constitution%3B+and+to+clarify+when+government+action+is+sufficiently+final+to+ripen+certain+federal+claims+arising+under+the+Constitution&rft.title=Vindication+of+property+rights%3A+improving+citizens%27+access+to+justice%3A+hearing%2C+October+7%2C+1997%2C+on+H.R.+1534%2C+an+Act+to+simplify+and+expedite+access+to+the+federal+courts+for+injured+parties+whose+rights+and+privileges%2C+secured+by+the+United+States+Constitution%2C+have+been+deprived+by+final+actions+of+federal+agencies%2C+or+other+government+officials+or+entities+acting+under+color+of+state+law%3B+to+prevent+federal+courts+from+abstaining+from+exercising+federal+jurisdiction+in+actions+where+no+state+law+claim+is+alleged%3B+to+permit+certification+of+unsettled+state+law+questions+that+are+essential+to+resolving+federal+claims+arising+under+the+Constitution%3B+and+to+clarify+when+government+action+is+sufficiently+final+to+ripen+certain+federal+claims+arising+under+the+Constitution&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-056449-2) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Winning the war on cancer and Medicare: physician practice expenses: hearings, May 7-June 19, 1997 T2 - 105th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 105-178 Special hearings AN - 59777349; 1998-0602600 AB - Discusses medical research funding and progress that has been made over the past thirty years in preventing, detecting, and treating this disease; impact of proposed Medicare "practice expense" regulations that could result in dramatic changes in payments to providers; US. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iv+154 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iv+154 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160564719 KW - Medical research -- Finance KW - United States -- Health policy KW - Cancer -- Prevention KW - Medicare -- United States KW - Medical service -- Costs KW - Cancer -- Research UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59777349?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B154&rft.isbn=0160564719&rft.btitle=Winning+the+war+on+cancer+and+Medicare%3A+physician+practice+expenses%3A+hearings%2C+May+7-June+19%2C+1997&rft.title=Winning+the+war+on+cancer+and+Medicare%3A+physician+practice+expenses%3A+hearings%2C+May+7-June+19%2C+1997&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-056471-9) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - School breakfast and school lunch programs: hearing, March 4, 1997 T2 - 105th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 105-220 AN - 59777325; 1998-0602830 AB - Discusses importance of these federal nutritional initiatives; federal funds, food needs of poor and nonpoor children, administration, and other issues; recommendations; US. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+54 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+54 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160563801 KW - Children -- Nutrition KW - School meals -- United States KW - United States -- Health policy KW - Schools -- Food service -- Federal aid UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59777325?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B54&rft.isbn=0160563801&rft.btitle=School+breakfast+and+school+lunch+programs%3A+hearing%2C+March+4%2C+1997&rft.title=School+breakfast+and+school+lunch+programs%3A+hearing%2C+March+4%2C+1997&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-056380-1) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Medicare fraud prevention: the Medicare enrollment process: hearing, January 29, 1998 T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 105-401 AN - 59776409; 1998-0603630 AB - Critical of process for enrolling health care providers and suppliers in the Medicare program; recommendations. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iv+254 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iv+254 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160563461 KW - United States -- Medical sector KW - Fraud -- United States KW - United States -- Health policy KW - Health insurance -- Corrupt practices KW - Medicare -- United States KW - Health insurance -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59776409?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B254&rft.isbn=0160563461&rft.btitle=Medicare+fraud+prevention%3A+the+Medicare+enrollment+process%3A+hearing%2C+January+29%2C+1998&rft.title=Medicare+fraud+prevention%3A+the+Medicare+enrollment+process%3A+hearing%2C+January+29%2C+1998&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-056346-1) pa N1 - Document feature - il(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Protecting our personal health information: privacy in the electronic age: hearings, September 11 and October 28, 1997, on examining standards with respect to the privacy of individually identifiable health information; views received from the secretary, Department of Health and Human Services, witnesses representing consumers groups, health plans, health care providers, health professionals, and researchers T2 - 105th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 105-356 AN - 59776401; 1998-0603020 JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iv+198 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iv+198 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160564026 KW - Public health -- Research KW - Medical records -- United States KW - Biotechnology -- Legal aspects KW - Privacy -- United States KW - United States -- Health policy KW - Health insurance -- Regulation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59776401?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B198&rft.isbn=0160564026&rft.btitle=Protecting+our+personal+health+information%3A+privacy+in+the+electronic+age%3A+hearings%2C+September+11+and+October+28%2C+1997%2C+on+examining+standards+with+respect+to+the+privacy+of+individually+identifiable+health+information%3B+views+received+from+the+secretary%2C+Department+of+Health+and+Human+Services%2C+witnesses+representing+consumers+groups%2C+health+plans%2C+health+care+providers%2C+health+professionals%2C+and+researchers&rft.title=Protecting+our+personal+health+information%3A+privacy+in+the+electronic+age%3A+hearings%2C+September+11+and+October+28%2C+1997%2C+on+examining+standards+with+respect+to+the+privacy+of+individually+identifiable+health+information%3B+views+received+from+the+secretary%2C+Department+of+Health+and+Human+Services%2C+witnesses+representing+consumers+groups%2C+health+plans%2C+health+care+providers%2C+health+professionals%2C+and+researchers&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-056402-6) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - International space station: hearing, June 18, 1997 T2 - 105th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 105-436 AN - 59775984; 1998-0602890 AB - Overview of the status and goals of the program, and of ways to prioritize and manage NASA resources invested in the cooperative construction of an orbiting base for future space research, funded by 15 countries. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+84 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+84 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160564603 KW - Satellites -- International cooperation KW - Space research and technology -- International cooperation KW - United States -- National aeronautics and space administration KW - Space stations -- International cooperation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59775984?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B84&rft.isbn=0160564603&rft.btitle=International+space+station%3A+hearing%2C+June+18%2C+1997&rft.title=International+space+station%3A+hearing%2C+June+18%2C+1997&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-056460-3) pa N1 - Document feature - il(s), table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - National Wildlife Refuge System Improvement Act of 1997: hearing, July 30, 1997, on S. 1059, a bill to amend the National Wildlife Refuge System Administration Act of 1966 to improve the management of the National Wildlife Refuge System, and for other purposes T2 - 105th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 105-286 AN - 59771439; 1998-0304680 AB - System of federal lands consisting of 509 refuges in 50 states, covering 93 million acres for the conservation of fish, wildlife, and plants; US. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+55 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+55 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160560152 KW - Wildlife conservation -- United States -- Legislation KW - Animals -- Conservation KW - Fishes -- Conservation KW - Plants -- Conservation KW - United States -- Environmental policy -- Legislation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59771439?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B55&rft.isbn=0160560152&rft.btitle=National+Wildlife+Refuge+System+Improvement+Act+of+1997%3A+hearing%2C+July+30%2C+1997%2C+on+S.+1059%2C+a+bill+to+amend+the+National+Wildlife+Refuge+System+Administration+Act+of+1966+to+improve+the+management+of+the+National+Wildlife+Refuge+System%2C+and+for+other+purposes&rft.title=National+Wildlife+Refuge+System+Improvement+Act+of+1997%3A+hearing%2C+July+30%2C+1997%2C+on+S.+1059%2C+a+bill+to+amend+the+National+Wildlife+Refuge+System+Administration+Act+of+1966+to+improve+the+management+of+the+National+Wildlife+Refuge+System%2C+and+for+other+purposes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-056015-2) pa N1 - Document feature - il(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Religious persecution in Sudan: hearing, September 25, 1997 T2 - 105th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 105-280 AN - 59771248; 1998-0411790 AB - On persecution of Christians and Muslim sects by the Islamic military dictatorship. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+65 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+65 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160559707 KW - Human rights -- Sudan KW - Discrimination -- Sudan KW - Christian-Muslim relations -- Sudan KW - Religious liberty -- Sudan KW - Sudan -- Government and politics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59771248?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B65&rft.isbn=0160559707&rft.btitle=Religious+persecution+in+Sudan%3A+hearing%2C+September+25%2C+1997&rft.title=Religious+persecution+in+Sudan%3A+hearing%2C+September+25%2C+1997&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-055970-7) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Sudan today: prospects for peace and democracy: a staff report, February 1998 T2 - 105th Cong., 2d sess. Com. print S. print 105-45 AN - 59771199; 1998-0411750 AB - Recommends support of the National Democratic Alliance against the ruling National Islamic Front regime, and providing aid to areas under control of the NDA. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iv+61 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iv+61 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160561914 KW - Economic assistance -- Sudan KW - United States -- Foreign relations -- Sudan KW - Sudan -- Foreign relations -- United States KW - Government, Resistance to -- Sudan KW - Sudan -- Government and politics KW - United States -- Economic assistance program -- Sudan UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59771199?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B61&rft.isbn=0160561914&rft.btitle=Sudan+today%3A+prospects+for+peace+and+democracy%3A+a+staff+report%2C+February+1998&rft.title=Sudan+today%3A+prospects+for+peace+and+democracy%3A+a+staff+report%2C+February+1998&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-056191-4) pa N1 - Document feature - il(s), table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Employment Non-Discrimination Act of 1997: hearing, October 23, 1997, on S. 869, to prohibit employment discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation T2 - 105th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 105-279 AN - 59769300; 1998-0312640 AB - Discusses ENDA, which prohibits discrimination in hiring, firing, promotion, or compensation; US. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+102 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+102 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160559790 KW - Lesbians -- Legal status, laws, etc. KW - Discrimination against gays and lesbians -- United States -- Legislation KW - Gays -- Legal status, laws, etc. KW - Employment -- Gays KW - Employment -- Lesbians KW - United States -- Labor policy KW - Sexual orientation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59769300?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B102&rft.isbn=0160559790&rft.btitle=Employment+Non-Discrimination+Act+of+1997%3A+hearing%2C+October+23%2C+1997%2C+on+S.+869%2C+to+prohibit+employment+discrimination+on+the+basis+of+sexual+orientation&rft.title=Employment+Non-Discrimination+Act+of+1997%3A+hearing%2C+October+23%2C+1997%2C+on+S.+869%2C+to+prohibit+employment+discrimination+on+the+basis+of+sexual+orientation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-055979-0) pa N1 - Document feature - bibl(s), table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Workplace Religious Freedom Act: hearing, October 21, 1997, on S. 1124, to amend Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 to establish provisions with respect to religious accommodation in employment, and for other purposes T2 - 105th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 105-282 AN - 59767708; 1998-0304770 AB - Examines legal implications of Title VII's religious accommodation requirements under current law and under S. 1124, and its impact on employers in particular; US. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+70 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+70 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160560055 KW - Working conditions -- Regulation KW - Church and labor -- United States KW - United States -- Business enterprises -- Legislation KW - United States -- Social conditions KW - Employees -- Legal status, laws, etc. KW - Church and business -- United States KW - Religious liberty -- United States -- Legislation KW - United States -- Labor sector UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59767708?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B70&rft.isbn=0160560055&rft.btitle=Workplace+Religious+Freedom+Act%3A+hearing%2C+October+21%2C+1997%2C+on+S.+1124%2C+to+amend+Title+VII+of+the+Civil+Rights+Act+of+1964+to+establish+provisions+with+respect+to+religious+accommodation+in+employment%2C+and+for+other+purposes&rft.title=Workplace+Religious+Freedom+Act%3A+hearing%2C+October+21%2C+1997%2C+on+S.+1124%2C+to+amend+Title+VII+of+the+Civil+Rights+Act+of+1964+to+establish+provisions+with+respect+to+religious+accommodation+in+employment%2C+and+for+other+purposes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-056005-5) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - S. 442, the Internet Tax Freedom Act: hearing, May 22, 1997 T2 - 105th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 105-435 AN - 59765818; 1998-0602910 AB - Advocates a moratorium on state and local taxation of electronic sales and business transactions; with testimony of state and local policy makers; US. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1998. iii+83 pp. Y1 - 1998///0, PY - 1998 DA - 0, 1998 EP - iii+83 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160564565 KW - Electronic commerce -- Tax aspects KW - Federal and state relations -- United States KW - United States -- Tax policy KW - Internet -- Tax aspects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59765818?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B83&rft.isbn=0160564565&rft.btitle=S.+442%2C+the+Internet+Tax+Freedom+Act%3A+hearing%2C+May+22%2C+1997&rft.title=S.+442%2C+the+Internet+Tax+Freedom+Act%3A+hearing%2C+May+22%2C+1997&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-056456-5) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Globalisation: effects & challenges : educational material AN - 39062741; 2361721 JF - Globalisation: effects & challenges : educational material Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 PB - Zimbabwe Congress of Trade Unions KW - Economics KW - International economic relations KW - Globalization KW - Economic conditions KW - Multinational enterprises KW - Zimbabwe UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39062741?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/International+Bibliography+of+the+Social+Sciences+%28IBSS%29&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Globalisation%3A+effects+%26+challenges+%3A+educational+material&rft.title=Globalisation%3A+effects+%26+challenges+%3A+educational+material&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - SuppNotes - Includes bibliographical references N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - MFO induction in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) during and after exposure to Bass Strait crude oil AN - 17405280; 4633962 AB - Biochemical markers of exposure (mixed function oxygenase:MFO as determined by ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) activity) and of effect (sorbitol dehydrogenase:SDH) were investigated for use during and after exposure of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) to low levels of Bass Strait crude oil water-accommodated fraction (WAF) and dispersed crude oil. EROD activity was significantly induced after only two days of exposure to dispersed oil, while four days of exposure were necessary to significantly induce EROD in the WAF-exposed salmon. Following the termination of exposure, EROD induction remained elevated for eight days in both the WAF-exposed and the dispersed oil-exposed fish. Dispersing the oil using Corexit 9527 produced similar EROD activity levels in salmon relative to WAF only. Serum SDH activity confirmed that no hepatocellular injury was caused by exposure of salmon to these levels of WAF or to dispersed Bass Strait crude oil. It is concluded that MFO induction, as measured by changes in EROD activity, can be used for confirmation of low-level exposure of commercial salmon stocks to petroleum-contaminated waters for up to eight days after the event. JF - Australasian Journal of Ecotoxicology AU - Gagnon, M M AU - Holdway, DA AD - School of Environmental Biology, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U 1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia, rgagnonm@alpha2.curtin.edu.au Y1 - 1998/01// PY - 1998 DA - Jan 1998 SP - 29 EP - 35 VL - 4 IS - 1 SN - 1323-3475, 1323-3475 KW - 1-iditol 2-dehydrogenase KW - 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase KW - Atlantic salmon KW - Australia, Bass Strait KW - EROD activity KW - Salmo salar KW - enzymatic activity KW - ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase KW - mixed function oxygenase KW - mixed-function oxidase KW - sorbitol dehydrogenase KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Biochemistry KW - Anadromous species KW - Pollution effects KW - Biomarkers KW - Freshwater KW - Freshwater fish KW - Toxicity tests KW - Bioassay KW - oil KW - Marine fish KW - Crude oil KW - Petroleum KW - Oil Spills KW - Enzymatic activity KW - Pollution indicators KW - Oil spills KW - Salmon KW - Bioindicators KW - Marine KW - Brackish KW - Enzymes KW - Bioassays KW - Marine pollution KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Marine organisms KW - Fish KW - X 24155:Biochemistry KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17405280?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australasian+Journal+of+Ecotoxicology&rft.atitle=MFO+induction+in+Atlantic+salmon+%28Salmo+salar%29+during+and+after+exposure+to+Bass+Strait+crude+oil&rft.au=Gagnon%2C+M+M%3BHoldway%2C+DA&rft.aulast=Gagnon&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australasian+Journal+of+Ecotoxicology&rft.issn=13233475&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Published September 1999 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fish; Crude oil; Bioassays; Anadromous species; Enzymes; Enzymatic activity; Biomarkers; Freshwater fish; Pollution indicators; Toxicity tests; Marine pollution; Petroleum; oil; Bioindicators; Biochemistry; Marine organisms; Pollution effects; Oil spills; Salmon; Water Pollution Effects; Oil Spills; Fish; Bioassay; Marine; Brackish; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental Protection in Antarctica: Drawing Lessons from the CCAMLR Model for the Implementation of the Madrid Protocol AN - 17367863; 4576936 AB - The aims of this article are, first, to analyze the institutional and implementation issues of the 1980 Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR); and, second, to analyze CCAMLR as a precedent within the Antarctic Treaty System and to draw lessons from the CCAMLR model for the implementation of the 1991 Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty (the Madrid Protocol). A comparative analysis of the two regimes suggests the need for the institutional development of the Committee for Environmental Protection created by the Madrid Protocol and considers the relevance of using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) as a decision-support tool in this context. JF - Ocean Development & International Law AU - Cordonnery, L AD - Law School, University of Tasmania, GPO Box 252C, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia, laurence@postoffice.utas.edu.au Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 VL - 29 IS - 2 SN - 0090-8320, 0090-8320 KW - Antarctic Treaty KW - Antarctica KW - CCAMLAR KW - CCAMLR KW - GIS KW - Madrid Protocol KW - Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Decision support systems KW - International law KW - International agreements KW - Environmental protection KW - Marine resources KW - Living resources KW - Marine environment KW - Nature conservation KW - PS, Antarctic Ocean KW - Conservation KW - Geographic information systems KW - Legislation KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - O 4090:Conservation and Environmental Protection UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17367863?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ocean+Development+%26+International+Law&rft.atitle=Environmental+Protection+in+Antarctica%3A+Drawing+Lessons+from+the+CCAMLR+Model+for+the+Implementation+of+the+Madrid+Protocol&rft.au=Cordonnery%2C+L&rft.aulast=Cordonnery&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ocean+Development+%26+International+Law&rft.issn=00908320&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine resources; Living resources; Nature conservation; Environmental protection; International agreements; Marine environment; Decision support systems; International law; Conservation; Geographic information systems; Legislation; PS, Antarctic Ocean ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrocarbon degradation by Antarctic coastal bacteria AN - 17321526; 4592884 AB - Bacterial cultures obtained through selective enrichment of beach sand collected 60 days and one year after treatment of sites in a pilot oil spill trial conducted at Airport Beach, Vestfold Hills, East Antarctica, were examined for the ability to degrade n-alkanes and phenanthrene. The effects of different hydrocarbon mixtures (Special Antarctic Blend [SAB] and BP-Visco), fish oil [orange roughy]) and inoculation of replicate sites with water from Organic Lake (previously shown to contain hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria) on the indigenous microbial population were examined. Of the cultures obtained, those from sites treated with SAB and BP-Visco degraded n-alkanes most consistently and typically to the greatest extent. Two mixed cultures obtained from samples collected at 60 days and two isolates obtained from these cultures extensively degraded phenanthrene. 1-hydroxy-naphthoic acid formed the major phenanthrene metabolite. Lower levels of salicylic acid, 1-naphthol, 1,4-naphthaquinone and phenanthrene 9-10 dihydrodiol were detected in extracts of phenanthrene grown cultures. This study shows that under laboratory conditions indigenous Antarctic bacteria can degrade n-alkanes and the more recalcitrant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, phenathrene. The enrichment of hydrocarbon degrading microorganisms in Antarctic ecosystems exposed to hydrocarbons is relevant for the long term fate hydrocarbon spills in this environment. JF - Antarctic Science AU - Cavanagh, JE AU - Nichols, P D AU - Franzmann, P D AU - McMeekin, T A Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 386 EP - 397 VL - 10 IS - 4 SN - 0954-1020, 0954-1020 KW - Phenanthrene KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Marine KW - Bacteria KW - Beaches KW - Biodegradation KW - Polar zones KW - Brackish KW - Metabolites KW - Cell culture KW - PSE, Antarctica, Princess Elizabeth Land, Vestfold Hills, Airport Beach KW - Fish oils KW - Saturated hydrocarbons KW - Sand KW - Microorganisms KW - Aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Oil spills KW - Petroleum hydrocarbons KW - Pollution control KW - O 4080:Pollution - Control and Prevention KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17321526?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Antarctic+Science&rft.atitle=Hydrocarbon+degradation+by+Antarctic+coastal+bacteria&rft.au=Cavanagh%2C+JE%3BNichols%2C+P+D%3BFranzmann%2C+P+D%3BMcMeekin%2C+T+A&rft.aulast=Cavanagh&rft.aufirst=JE&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=386&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Antarctic+Science&rft.issn=09541020&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Beaches; Biodegradation; Polar zones; Cell culture; Metabolites; Fish oils; Saturated hydrocarbons; Sand; Microorganisms; Aromatic hydrocarbons; Oil spills; Pollution control; Petroleum hydrocarbons; Bacteria; PSE, Antarctica, Princess Elizabeth Land, Vestfold Hills, Airport Beach; Marine; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of sodium accumulation on soil physical properties under an effluent-irrigated plantation AN - 17253223; 4518525 AB - Effluent irrigation commonly results in increased soil sodicity, because of the medium-to-high salinity and high sodium concentrations of many effluents. The exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) of soils at the Wagga Wagga Effluent Plantation Project increased from 25% at some depths within the surface 0.6 m of soil, after 5 seasons of irrigation with either (i) treated sewage effluent or (ii) bore water with similar salinity and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR). A survey of dispersion index (DI) and saturated hydraulic conductivity (K sub(sat)) was carried out to investigate the effects of increased soil sodicity on soil physical properties. The K sub(sat) was measured after 5 irrigation seasons at 2 depth intervals (0.15-0.45 m and 0.5-0.8 m) using both bore water and distilled water, and compared with measurements made at the same sites using bore water before irrigation commenced. Both DI and ESP were measured at each of 3 depths in the surface 0.6 m of soil. The DI in distilled water was positively correlated with ESP, with finer soil textures having higher DI for the same ESP. When measured in bore water or effluent, DI was very low and not related to ESP. K sub(sat) was significantly lower after 5 irrigation seasons, and significantly lower in distilled water than in bore water. However, there was no relationship between K sub(sat) and ESP. It was concluded that the increased ESP caused an increased tendency for soil dispersion but was not shown unequivocally to lead to decreased K sub(sat). The increased sodicity does not seem likely to affect continued use of the land for effluent irrigation, but may affect its suitability for alternative uses that involve physical disturbance of the soil, for example, by cultivation. JF - Australian Journal of Soil Research AU - Balks, M R AU - Bond, W J AU - Smith, C J AD - CSIRO Land and Water, GPO Box 1666, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia, warren.bondbr.clw.csiro.au Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 821 EP - 830 VL - 36 IS - 5 SN - 0004-9573, 0004-9573 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Agriculture KW - Cultivated lands KW - Irrigation KW - Soil physical properties KW - Salinization KW - SW 1060:Conservation in agricultural use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17253223?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+Journal+of+Soil+Research&rft.atitle=Effects+of+sodium+accumulation+on+soil+physical+properties+under+an+effluent-irrigated+plantation&rft.au=Balks%2C+M+R%3BBond%2C+W+J%3BSmith%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Balks&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=821&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australian+Journal+of+Soil+Research&rft.issn=00049573&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agriculture; Cultivated lands; Irrigation; Soil physical properties; Salinization ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evolution of sociality in the allodapine bees: a review of sex allocation, ecology and evolution AN - 17249531; 4547562 AB - Comparative studies provide one of the most powerful means of assessing the relative roles of selective agents underlying social evolution in insects. Because of the wide variation in social organisation, sex allocation and ecological traits within and between species of allodapine bees, this group provides a wealth of material for such comparative work. Recent studies on Australian allodapine bees are reviewed here and their consequences for understanding social evolution are discussed. Studies to date suggest the following trends: (i) benefits of group living appear to be linked to preventing brood failure rather than to increased brood rearing efficiency; (ii) female-biased sex allocation, when it occurs, is linked to benefits of group living and kinship among nestmates, and is probably mediated via local fitness enhancement; (iii) female biased sex allocation patterns do not usually coincide with opportunities for sib-rearing and are therefore unlikely to facilitate eusociality; (iv) relatedness within colonies is usually high, but in some species females will nest with unrelated females if kin are not available; and (v) phylogenetic studies suggest that opportunities for sib-rearing, arising from brood development patterns and colony phenology, are plesiomorphic for the exoneurine group, but in at least one phylogenetically distal clade, Exoneura sensu stricto, the evolution of large group size and social complexity coincides with the loss or reduction of opportunities for sib-rearing. Assured fitness return models may be applicable to weakly social allodapine species, but do not predict patterns of eusociality. Instead, Australian studies suggest that the evolution of large group size and marked reproductive skew is linked with the need to defend against enemies at the nest, rather than high levels of relatedness, female biased sex allocation or opportunities to rear siblings. JF - Insectes Sociaux AU - Schwarz, M P AU - Bull, N J AU - Hogendoorn, K AD - School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University of South Australia, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, S.A. 5001 Australia, Michael.Schwarz@flinders.edu.au Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 349 EP - 368 VL - 45 IS - 4 SN - 0020-1812, 0020-1812 KW - Australia KW - Carpenter bees KW - Cuckoo bees KW - Digger bees KW - Hymenoptera KW - Animal Behavior Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - Anthophoridae KW - Social organization KW - Sex ratio KW - Resource allocation KW - Evolution KW - D 04659:Insects KW - Y 25523:Insects KW - Z 05220:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17249531?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Insectes+Sociaux&rft.atitle=Evolution+of+sociality+in+the+allodapine+bees%3A+a+review+of+sex+allocation%2C+ecology+and+evolution&rft.au=Schwarz%2C+M+P%3BBull%2C+N+J%3BHogendoorn%2C+K&rft.aulast=Schwarz&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=349&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Insectes+Sociaux&rft.issn=00201812&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Anthophoridae; Sex ratio; Resource allocation; Evolution; Social organization ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A reactive state-space model for prediction of urban air pollution AN - 17246693; 4533534 AB - The generic reaction set (GRS) model offers a convenient framework for studying photochemical smog production. Its highly condensed seven equations are deduced from the principal reactions that produce photochemical smog (such as photolysis of reactive organic species, oxidation of NO to NO sub(2), photolysis of NO sub(2), etc.), and have been validated with the CSIRO outdoor smog chamber data. The performance of the model has been found comparable to more detailed photochemical mechanisms such as the CBM-IV. This paper expands the GRS model to include spatial advection and diffusion in the airshed. Via an appropriate numerical scheme, this extended dynamic model is transformed into the state space form, from which interpolation and prediction can be performed using the Kalman algorithm. The model is implemented on a simple grid of seven stations in the Sydney monitoring network. One-step ahead forecasts are derived for observed as well as unobserved locations. Comparison with observed data indicate that the model performs quite well, in particular, it traces the ozone episodes accurately. JF - Environmental Modelling & Software with Environment Data News AU - Anh, V V AU - Azzi, M AU - Duc, H AU - Johnson, G M AU - Tieng, Q AD - School of Mathematical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, Q4001, Australia, v.anh@fsc.qut.edu.au Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 239 EP - 246 VL - 13 IS - 3-4 SN - 1364-8152, 1364-8152 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Mathematical models KW - Air pollution forecasting KW - Photochemicals KW - Smog KW - Ozone KW - Urban areas KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17246693?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Modelling+%26+Software+with+Environment+Data+News&rft.atitle=A+reactive+state-space+model+for+prediction+of+urban+air+pollution&rft.au=Anh%2C+V+V%3BAzzi%2C+M%3BDuc%2C+H%3BJohnson%2C+G+M%3BTieng%2C+Q&rft.aulast=Anh&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=239&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Modelling+%26+Software+with+Environment+Data+News&rft.issn=13648152&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special Issue: Part 1: Modelling the Atmospheric Environment, and Part 2: Land Surface-Atmosphere Interactions. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Urban areas; Air pollution forecasting; Mathematical models; Photochemicals; Smog; Ozone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantification of surface defects on chemically protective gloves following their use in agriculture AN - 17244770; 4533046 AB - Chemically protective gloves are one of the most widely used barriers against hand exposure to pesticide contamination available to workers in primary industry. Polyvinyl chloride and nitrile butadiene rubber gloves were collected from four typical agricultural enterprises in Tasmania. Surface images of new and used gloves, up to 1000 x magnification, were obtained from an environmental scanning electron microscope and were used to classify defects, such as cracks, crazes, cavities, convexities, smooth areas and slumps. Some defects, e.g. cracks, were related to the working life of the gloves, whereas others, e.g. slumps, were associated with the manufacturing process. After viewing, the gloves were analysed by X-ray energy-dispersive spectroscopy. Phosphorus and sulfur peaks were indicative of pesticide retention. Rinsates from the interior of used polyvinyl chloride gloves were analysed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Pesticide traces were found suggesting inadequate protection against dermal exposure. It is concluded that these gloves were unable to withstand the rigours of agricultural work because of the nature of the surface defects and they were contaminated with pesticides, outside and inside. Thus, their management needs improvement. JF - Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine AU - Canning, K M AU - Jablonski, W AU - McQuillan, P B AD - School of Geography and Environmental Studies, University of Tasmania, GPO Box 252-78, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia, P.B.McQuillan@utas.edu.au Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 45 EP - 56 VL - 5 IS - 1 SN - 1232-1966, 1232-1966 KW - gloves KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Protective clothing KW - Materials testing KW - Pesticides KW - Agrochemicals KW - Occupational exposure KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17244770?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+Agricultural+and+Environmental+Medicine&rft.atitle=Quantification+of+surface+defects+on+chemically+protective+gloves+following+their+use+in+agriculture&rft.au=Canning%2C+K+M%3BJablonski%2C+W%3BMcQuillan%2C+P+B&rft.aulast=Canning&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=45&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+Agricultural+and+Environmental+Medicine&rft.issn=12321966&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pesticides; Occupational exposure; Protective clothing; Agrochemicals; Materials testing ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Temporal and spatial variation in abundances of native bee species on an altitudinal gradient in southern Tasmania AN - 17236427; 4519564 AB - Bee assemblages were investigated in heathy coastal forest, shrubby dry sclerophyll forest, and shrubby subalpine forest near Hobart, in southern Tasmania, during spring, summer, and autumn between September 1996 and October 1997. Several taxa previously unknown from the state were encountered, including the first Tasmanian records of the halictid subfamily Nomiinae. Assemblages varied both temporally and spatially. Temporal variation within particular vegetation types was due to interspecific differences in flight periods. Spatial variation resulted from most species being restricted to one or two of these vegetation types, with species richness being substantially lower in the subalpine area than the two vegetation types at lower altitude. This variation also involved several species being more or less restricted to one habitat. In particular, Lasioglossum (Austrevylaeus pertribuarium) was a subalpine specialist while numerous species were more or less restricted to either coastal or dry sclerophyll forests. There was also an interaction between these two forms of variation, in the form of divergence in the flight periods of individual species in different vegetation types. JF - Australian Journal of Zoology AU - Hingston, AB AD - Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, University of Tasmania, GPO Box 252-78, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 497 EP - 507 PB - C.S.I.R.O. Publishing VL - 46 IS - 5 SN - 0004-959X, 0004-959X KW - Australia, Tasmania KW - Bees KW - Hymenoptera KW - Entomology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Vegetation type KW - Forests KW - Altitude KW - Community composition KW - Apoidea KW - Species richness KW - Z 05205:Populations & general ecology KW - D 04659:Insects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17236427?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+Journal+of+Zoology&rft.atitle=Temporal+and+spatial+variation+in+abundances+of+native+bee+species+on+an+altitudinal+gradient+in+southern+Tasmania&rft.au=Hingston%2C+AB&rft.aulast=Hingston&rft.aufirst=AB&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=497&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australian+Journal+of+Zoology&rft.issn=0004959X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Apoidea; Species richness; Forests; Community composition; Altitude; Vegetation type ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seed and Seedling Biology of the Woody-fruited Proteaceae AN - 17204323; 4497648 AB - Within the Proteaceae, 353 species confined to 7 genera in the Grevilleoideae have woody fruits. The majority (> 70%) occur in fire-prone vegetation on nutrient-poor, summer-dry soils of south-western Australia. These species are characterised by large, winged seeds contained within serotinous follicles. Seed release is mediated by desiccation of the follicle walls resulting from fruit death, although wet-dry cycles are required in some genera. After release, germination must take place by the next wet season, as the seeds are not long-lived. Seeds are particularly high in protein (40-60%), P (1-2%) and Fe (10-60ppt) compared with other Proteaceae. Seeds are favoured food for pre- and post-dispersal granivores (insects, birds, rodents) and young seedlings are favoured by herbivores (insects, marsupials), with the more serotinous fruits providing extra protection for their seeds. Successful establishment is facilitated by the protective and water retentive role of the testa during germination, and the remobilisation of N and P from the cotyledons to the seedling within 10 weeks of emergence. Drought stress reduces seedling establishment in otherwise favourable postfire microsites and prevents it (assisted by herbivores) in mature vegetation. Typically, < 10% of seeds released after fire become seedlings, and < 50% of these survive the first summer. Among fire-killed species, species that produce few seeds are more likely to have drought-resistant seedlings, often associated with larger seeds and/or needle-shaped leaves. Species that resprout after fire produce a few large viable seeds per plant, whereas fire-killed species produce many smaller seeds. Of all the Proteaceae, the ecology of woody-fruited species is best known, providing great scope for comparative biology studies. JF - Australian Journal of Botany AU - Lamont, B B AU - Groom, P K AD - School of Environmental Biology, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6001, Australia, rlamontb@cc.curtin.edu.au Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 387 EP - 406 VL - 46 IS - 3-4 SN - 0067-1924, 0067-1924 KW - Australia KW - Proteas KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Fires KW - Grevilleoideae KW - Seed germination KW - Proteaceae KW - D 04640:Other angiosperms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17204323?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+Journal+of+Botany&rft.atitle=Seed+and+Seedling+Biology+of+the+Woody-fruited+Proteaceae&rft.au=Lamont%2C+B+B%3BGroom%2C+P+K&rft.aulast=Lamont&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=387&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australian+Journal+of+Botany&rft.issn=00671924&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Grevilleoideae; Proteaceae; Seed germination; Fires ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biology of a weakly social bee, Exoneura (Exoneurella) setosa (Hymenoptera: Apidae) and implications for social evolution in Australian allodapine bees AN - 17187688; 4479699 AB - Australian allodapine bees provide excellent material for comparative approaches to understanding social evolution. The subgenus Exoneurella occupies a cladistically basal position in the Australian Exoneura group and comprises only four species. We describe sociality in one Exoneurella species, E. setosa, and combine this with other data to infer some patterns of social evolution in allodapines. E. setosa rears a first brood solitarily, although staggered brood production and the production of a second brood in some nests leads to a situation where older, recently emerged brood have the ability to help rear their younger siblings and this overlaps with opportunities to lay eggs. This is similar to the situation for two other phylogenetically distal species of Exoneurella, as well as for members of the genus Braunsapis, which is used as an outgroup for Exoneura. When combined with other studies, our results suggest that the opportunity for sib-rearing is a plesiomorphic trait for Australian allodapines and this has been largely lost in a distal subgenus, Exoneura sensu stricto. Instead, multifemale brood-rearing colonies in this latter group mostly comprise individuals of the same generation, and species exhibit large group size, univoltinism and kin cofounding. This suggests that evolution can favour semisociality and quasisociality, even when eusociality has already arisen. JF - Australian Journal of Zoology AU - Neville, T AU - Schwarz, M P AU - Tierney, S M AD - School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University of South Australia, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 221 EP - 234 VL - 46 IS - 3 SN - 0004-959X, 0004-959X KW - Australia KW - Bumble bees KW - Euglossines KW - Honey bees KW - Hymenoptera KW - Stingless bees KW - Animal Behavior Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Reproductive strategy KW - Exoneura setosa KW - Social behavior KW - Reproduction KW - Apidae KW - Evolution KW - D 04659:Insects KW - Z 05220:General KW - Y 25523:Insects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17187688?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+Journal+of+Zoology&rft.atitle=Biology+of+a+weakly+social+bee%2C+Exoneura+%28Exoneurella%29+setosa+%28Hymenoptera%3A+Apidae%29+and+implications+for+social+evolution+in+Australian+allodapine+bees&rft.au=Neville%2C+T%3BSchwarz%2C+M+P%3BTierney%2C+S+M&rft.aulast=Neville&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=221&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australian+Journal+of+Zoology&rft.issn=0004959X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Apidae; Exoneura setosa; Reproduction; Reproductive strategy; Social behavior; Evolution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Photosynthetic nitrogen-use efficiency of species that differ inherently in specific leaf area AN - 17111522; 4422192 AB - Factors that contribute to interspecific variation in photosynthetic nitrogen-use efficiency (PNUE, the ratio of CO sub(2) assimilation rate to leaf organic nitrogen content) were investigated, comparing ten dicotyledonous species that differ inherently in specific leaf area (SLA, leaf area:leaf dry mass). Plants were grown hydroponically in controlled environment cabinets at two irradiances (200 and 1000 mu mol m super(-2) s super(-1)). CO sub(2) and irradiance response curves of photosynthesis were measured followed by analysis of the chlorophyll, Rubisco, nitrate and total nitrogen contents of the leaves. At both irradiances, SLA ranged more than twofold across species. High-SLA species had higher in situ rates of photosynthesis per unit leaf mass, but similar rates on an area basis. The organic N content per unit leaf area was lower for the high-SLA species and consequently PNUE at ambient light conditions (PNUE sub(amb)) was higher in those plants. Differences were somewhat smaller, but still present, when PNUE was determined at saturating irradiances (PNUE sub(max)). An assessment was made of the relative importance of the various factors that underlay interspecific variation in PNUE. For plants grown under low irradiance, PNUE sub(amb) of high-SLA species was higher primarily due to their lower N content per unit leaf area. Low-SLA species clearly had an overinvestment in photosynthetic N under these conditions. In addition, high SLA-species allocated a larger fraction of organic nitrogen to thylakoids and Rubisco, which further increased PNUE sub(amb). High-SLA species grown under high irradiance showed higher PNUE sub(amb) mainly due to a higher Rubisco specific activity. Other factors that contributed were again their lower contents of N sub(org) per unit leaf area and a higher fraction of photosynthetic N in electron transport and Rubisco. For PNUE sub(max), differences between species in organic leaf nitrogen content per se were no longer important and higher PNUE sub(max) of the high SLA species was due to a higher fraction of N in photosynthetic compounds (for low-light plants) and a higher Rubisco specific activity (for high-light grown plants). JF - Oecologia AU - Poorter, H AU - Evans, J R AD - Environmental Biology, Research School of Biological Sciences, Australian National University, GPO Box 475, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia, H.Poorter@Bio.uu.nl Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 26 EP - 37 VL - 116 IS - 1-2 SN - 0029-8549, 0029-8549 KW - nitrogen KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Leaf area KW - Photosynthesis KW - Nutrient utilization KW - D 04625:Plants - general UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17111522?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oecologia&rft.atitle=Photosynthetic+nitrogen-use+efficiency+of+species+that+differ+inherently+in+specific+leaf+area&rft.au=Poorter%2C+H%3BEvans%2C+J+R&rft.aulast=Poorter&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=26&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Oecologia&rft.issn=00298549&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Photosynthesis; Nutrient utilization; Leaf area ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of Clone Size and Age in a Mallee Eucalypt Using RAPDs AN - 16554049; 4379905 AB - Fragmentation of lignotubers and the consequent problems in genotype identification make demographic studies of mallee eucalypts unreliable. DNA fingerprinting using Random Amplification of Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers was employed to determine if a hybrid copse between Eucalyptus risdonii and E. amygdalina was clonal. Based on lignotuber morphology this copse appeared to be composed of approximately 20 separate individuals. No variation in RAPD genotype was observed for 67 bands scored from nine primers among the 20 individuals. In contrast, variation was observed between individuals sampled from outside the copse (average 28.6 band differences between any two individuals) and within full sibling families (average 12.9 band differences between individuals). On this basis the copse was considered to be clonal (one genet), originating from lignotuber fragmentation, and measured 5.5 X 3.5 m. The rate of radial expansion in 15-year-old seedling and lignotuber cohorts was measured and used to estimate the age of the hybrid copse. The hybrid genet appeared to be at least 900 years old. While such estimates must be viewed with caution they strongly support the suggestion that mallee eucalypts may attain ages far in excess of single-stemmed eucalypts. JF - Australian Journal of Botany AU - Tyson, M AU - Vaillancourt, R E AU - Reid, J B AD - Cooperative Research Centre for Sustainable Production Forestry and School of Plant Science, University of Tasmania, GPO Box 252-55, Hobart, Tas. 7005, Australia, Jim.Reid@plant.utas.edu.au Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 161 EP - 172 VL - 46 IS - 2 SN - 0067-1924, 0067-1924 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Clones KW - DNA fingerprinting KW - Genotypes KW - Random amplified polymorphic DNA KW - Eucalyptus KW - D 04640:Other angiosperms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16554049?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+Journal+of+Botany&rft.atitle=Determination+of+Clone+Size+and+Age+in+a+Mallee+Eucalypt+Using+RAPDs&rft.au=Tyson%2C+M%3BVaillancourt%2C+R+E%3BReid%2C+J+B&rft.aulast=Tyson&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=161&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australian+Journal+of+Botany&rft.issn=00671924&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Eucalyptus; Genotypes; Random amplified polymorphic DNA; DNA fingerprinting; Clones ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modelling the distribution of Anabaena and Melosira in a stratified river weir pool AN - 16551917; 4366203 AB - We have developed a model to predict the stratification dynamics and its influence on the distribution of algal species in a river with strong diurnal changes in temperature stratification. While the phytoplankton concentrations vary in response to buoyancy and light limited growth, the populations are also redistributed vertically due to diurnal mixing caused by surface evaporation and night time cooling. The parameterization of the vertical eddy diffusivity coefficient within the model takes into account the generation of mixing by heat losses at the surface and the suppression of mixing by thermal stratification. The model is successfully tested against extensive temperature and algal concentration data in Maude weir pool on the Murrumbidgee River, Australia. Given literature values of floating/sinking rates and maximum growth rates for the cyanobacterium Anabaena and the diatom Melosira, we were able to reproduce extremely well the time evolution of concentrations of each species over long periods of low flow. JF - Hydrobiologia AU - Bormans, M AU - Condie, SA AD - CSIRO Land and Water, G.P.O. Box 1666, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 3 EP - 13 VL - 364 IS - 1 SN - 0018-8158, 0018-8158 KW - Australia, Murrumbidgee R. KW - diurnal variations KW - growth KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Model testing KW - Water mixing KW - Low flow KW - Phytoplankton KW - Diatoms KW - Pools KW - Anabaena KW - Freshwater KW - Mixing KW - Models KW - Australia, New South Wales, Murrumbidgee R. KW - Thermal stratification KW - Algae KW - Rivers KW - Temperature effects KW - Vertical distribution KW - Light effects KW - Vertical mixing KW - Melosira KW - Diffusion coefficient KW - K 03009:Algae KW - D 04627:Algae/lichens KW - SW 0835:Streamflow and runoff KW - Q1 08422:Environmental effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16551917?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrobiologia&rft.atitle=Modelling+the+distribution+of+Anabaena+and+Melosira+in+a+stratified+river+weir+pool&rft.au=Bormans%2C+M%3BCondie%2C+SA&rft.aulast=Bormans&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=364&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrobiologia&rft.issn=00188158&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Rivers; Vertical distribution; Water mixing; Pools; Diatoms; Phytoplankton; Thermal stratification; Algae; Vertical mixing; Models; Light effects; Mixing; Diffusion coefficient; Model testing; Low flow; Anabaena; Melosira; Australia, New South Wales, Murrumbidgee R.; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A method for measuring entropy of symmetric cipher key generators AN - 16533631; 4288023 AB - The entropy of a key generator for a symmetric cipher may be greatly reduced if there is redundancy in the algorithm applied. It may be possible for an attacker to use this reduction in entropy to conduct an exhaustive key attack on an otherwise secure encryption algorithm. In this paper a statistical method will be applied to estimate this entropy. This method can be applied in the case where the algorithm used to generate the key is unknown, only the actual keys are required. JF - Computers & Security AU - Dawson, E P AU - Gustafson, H M AD - Inform. Secur. Res. Cent., Fac. Inform. Technol., Queensland Univ. Technol., Gardens Point, G.P.O. Box 2434, Brisbane, Qld. 4001, Australia Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 177 EP - 184 PB - Elsevier Advanced Technology VL - 17 IS - 2 SN - 0167-4048, 0167-4048 KW - computer crime KW - encryption KW - information technology KW - privacy KW - security KW - Risk Abstracts KW - R2 23020:Technological risks UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16533631?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computers+%26+Security&rft.atitle=A+method+for+measuring+entropy+of+symmetric+cipher+key+generators&rft.au=Dawson%2C+E+P%3BGustafson%2C+H+M&rft.aulast=Dawson&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=177&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computers+%26+Security&rft.issn=01674048&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A review of famciclovir in the management of genital herpes AN - 16532087; 4389921 AB - The frequent occurrence of genital herpes continues to be a serious clinical problem. Although not life threatening, the physical symptoms of the disease, and the ensuing psychosocial complications, can be overwhelming to patients. The life cycle of the herpes simplex virus is complex, comprising multiple stages. Following infection, the virus establishes life-long latency in its host and can reactivate at any time as a recurrent infection. Successful management of genital herpes simplex infections involves patient education and psychological support, as well as antiviral agents. The antiviral agent famciclovir has been shown to shorten the course and decrease the severity of episodes of recurrent genital herpes. In addition, famciclovir has been shown to be effective in suppressing recurrent genital herpes. A review of the clinical experience with famciclovir in the treatment of genital herpes is presented. JF - Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology AU - Faro, S AD - Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center, 1653 West Congress Parkway, 720 Pavilion, Chicago, IL 60612-3833, USA Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 38 EP - 43 VL - 6 IS - 1 SN - 1064-7449, 1064-7449 KW - Famciclovir KW - HSV KW - Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - A 01068:Antiviral & viricidal KW - V 22100:Antiviral agents UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16532087?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infectious+Diseases+in+Obstetrics+and+Gynecology&rft.atitle=A+review+of+famciclovir+in+the+management+of+genital+herpes&rft.au=Faro%2C+S&rft.aulast=Faro&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=38&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infectious+Diseases+in+Obstetrics+and+Gynecology&rft.issn=10647449&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genetic Control of Reproductive and Vegetative Phase Change in the Eucalyptus risdonii-E. tenuiramis Complex AN - 16530419; 4341490 AB - Eucalyptus risdonii Hook.f. is believed to be a juvenilised form of its sister species, E. tenuiramis Miq., differing largely in the retention of the juvenile leaf type at reproductive maturity. The genetic basis of this ontogenetic variation was examined by monitoring reproductive and vegetative phase changes in 1201 open-pollinated progeny from 40 E. risdonii-E. tenuiramis populations in a field trial over 6 years. Vegetative and reproductive phase changes were highly heritable and genetically independent within populations. Estimates of individual narrow-sense heritabilities for height and timing of vegetative phase change ranged from 0.46-0.67 and 0.19-0.23 respectively, and for time of first flowering from 0.31-0.41. Variation in the height of vegetative phase change amongst progeny grown in a common environment was very similar to that observed in the natural populations from different environments, demonstrating a genetic basis to a stepped cline in the retention of the juvenile leaf form (neoteny). However, a separate pattern of variability in the time to flowering was evident, with precocious flowering found in a number of phenetic groups. This independent variation of reproductive and vegetative phase changes may allow dramatic heterochronic alterations in morphology and physiology with minimal genetic change. The continuous nature of the neotenic variation suggests that speciation by this mode of evolution is not yet complete in the E. risdonii-E. tenuiramis complex, but has presumably operated to produce many other neotenous eucalypt species. JF - Australian Journal of Botany AU - Wiltshire, RJE AU - Potts, B M AU - Reid, J B AD - Department of Plant Science and Cooperative Research Centre for Temperate Hardwood Forestry, University of Tasmania, GPO 252-55, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia, rob.wiltshire@utas.edu.au Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 45 EP - 63 VL - 46 IS - 1 SN - 0067-1924, 0067-1924 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - D 04640:Other angiosperms KW - G 07352:Dicotyledons (miscellaneous) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16530419?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+Journal+of+Botany&rft.atitle=Genetic+Control+of+Reproductive+and+Vegetative+Phase+Change+in+the+Eucalyptus+risdonii-E.+tenuiramis+Complex&rft.au=Wiltshire%2C+RJE%3BPotts%2C+B+M%3BReid%2C+J+B&rft.aulast=Wiltshire&rft.aufirst=RJE&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=45&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australian+Journal+of+Botany&rft.issn=00671924&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pre- and post-season tagging models: Estimation of reporting rate and fishing and natural mortality rates AN - 16528073; 4374447 AB - Brownie presented models for tag returns from multiple taggings of animals when tagging is done twice per year. Here, we present a reformulation of their model suitable for pre- and post-season fishery tag return studies. Under this model, it is possible to estimate fishing mortality, natural mortality, and reporting rate from the tag return data alone. (Under once-a-year tagging models, the reporting rate usually has to be estimated externally.) We consider two special cases: (i) a pulse fishery and (ii) a continuous fishery over part of the year. An artificial example and simulation results are presented to illustrate the methodology and the properties of the various estimators. Unlike for catch-based methods, the correlation between estimates of fishing mortality and natural mortality is moderate. While pre- and post-season tagging studies are likely to be difficult to run in practice, other methods of estimating reporting rate are also difficult to implement, and therefore, this approach may prove quite useful, especially in fisheries that have heavy exploitation rates. JF - Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences AU - Hearn, W S AU - Pollock, KH AU - Brooks, EN AD - CSIRO Div. Mar. Res., GPO Box 1538, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia Y1 - 1998/01// PY - 1998 DA - Jan 1998 SP - 199 EP - 205 VL - 55 IS - 1 SN - 0706-652X, 0706-652X KW - fisheries KW - models KW - mortality KW - tagging KW - Oceanic Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications KW - D 04668:Fish KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16528073?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Journal+of+Fisheries+and+Aquatic+Sciences&rft.atitle=Pre-+and+post-season+tagging+models%3A+Estimation+of+reporting+rate+and+fishing+and+natural+mortality+rates&rft.au=Hearn%2C+W+S%3BPollock%2C+KH%3BBrooks%2C+EN&rft.aulast=Hearn&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=199&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Canadian+Journal+of+Fisheries+and+Aquatic+Sciences&rft.issn=0706652X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effluent irrigation - an environmental challenge for soil science AN - 16521890; 4365866 AB - With the growth of concern for the impact of humankind on the environment, soil scientists have increasingly shifted the emphasis of their work towards the effect of agricultural and other land management practices on the environment. This shift has required some changes to the way soil science is practised. The example of land application of wastes, an increasingly popular practice, is used to illustrate the role of soil science in the complex web of scientific, social, and economic aspects of environmental issues, and the need to influence community thinking and the policy debate. The issues often most likely to be limiting to effluent irrigation are excessive nitrate leaching, poor salt management, and the effects of increasing soil sodicity on current and future land uses. The scientific challenges that these pose are discussed, together with some broader issues including those associated with implementation of effluent irrigation, and socioeconomic and environmental considerations that should influence the decision to select effluent irrigation as the means for disposal or reuse. JF - Australian Journal of Soil Research AU - Bond, W J AD - CSIRO Land and Water, GPO Box 1666, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia, warren.bond@cbr.clw.csiro.au Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 543 EP - 555 VL - 36 IS - 4 SN - 0004-9573, 0004-9573 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - SW 1030:Use of water of impaired quality KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16521890?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+Journal+of+Soil+Research&rft.atitle=Effluent+irrigation+-+an+environmental+challenge+for+soil+science&rft.au=Bond%2C+W+J&rft.aulast=Bond&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=543&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australian+Journal+of+Soil+Research&rft.issn=00049573&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The influences of two plant nuclear matrix attachment regions (MARs) on gene expression in transgenic plants AN - 16512170; 4414045 AB - Nuclear matrix attachment regions (MARs) are thought to influence gene expression by anchoring active chromatin to the proteinaceous nuclear matrix. In this study, two plant DNA fragments with strong MAR activity were selected and tested for their effects on expression of a linked reporter gene in transgenic tobacco. One MAR was isolated from the 5' flanking region of a pea vicilin gene previously reported to be expressed in a copy number-dependent manner in transgenic tobacco. A second MAR was isolated from the genome of Arabidopsis thaliana by preselection for autonomously replicating sequence (ARS) activity in yeast. Flanking copies of the A. thaliana MAR stimulated median reporter gene expression in transgenic plants by five to ten fold. Neither MAR significantly reduced the variation in transgene expression between individual transformants, or conferred copy number-dependence in gene expression. JF - Plant & Cell Physiology AU - Liu, Jian-Wei AU - Tabe, L M AD - CSIRO Division of Plant Industry, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 115 EP - 123 VL - 39 IS - 1 SN - 0032-0781, 0032-0781 KW - nuclear matrix attachment region KW - transgenic plants KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - W2 32065:Plants KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16512170?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+%26+Cell+Physiology&rft.atitle=The+influences+of+two+plant+nuclear+matrix+attachment+regions+%28MARs%29+on+gene+expression+in+transgenic+plants&rft.au=Liu%2C+Jian-Wei%3BTabe%2C+L+M&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Jian-Wei&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=115&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+%26+Cell+Physiology&rft.issn=00320781&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An in vitro study of the effects of venom of Australian elapids on murine skeletal muscle and the protective effect of homologous plasma AN - 16498266; 4383673 AB - The venom of many dangerous Australian snakes has a myotoxic component and some are strongly myolytic. The myotoxicity of venom of seven Australian elapid snakes was studied to determine their relative in vitro potency in causing cell death of C2C12 cells, a myoblast cell line, and murine myotubes in mixed cell culture. The venom of Pseudechis australis proved to be the most myotoxic, Austrelaps superbus and Pseudechis porphyriacus venoms also exhibited high myotoxicity relative to the other venoms tested. The specificity of Pseudechis porphyriacus venom was tested using the human glioma cell line TC3 and was shown to exhibit a general cytotoxicity. Myotoxicity, however, was the predominant action of the venom. It has long been known that certain animals such as the mongoose (Herpestes edwardsii) are able to survive envenomation. Some species of snakes also possess this property and the neutralising factor(s) responsible for this in P. porphyriacus has been shown to be present in the serum. The protective effect of homologous plasma from P. porphyriacus venom was also studied with reference to myotoxicity and cytotoxicity. The results of this study clearly demonstrated protection by homologous plasma using a myoblast cell line, C2C12, a prima mixed cell culture and TC3 cells. While protection was clear, particularly using high concentrations of venom, it was not absolute, and homologous plasma did not afford continued protection from the effects of the venom. In the mixed cell culture experiments venom/plasma mixtures pre-incubated for 30 min were more protective than venom/plasma mixtures which were not pre-incubated, in contrast to the results of cell culture studies, which showed little difference. JF - Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins AU - Butler, T L AU - Jacobsen, P F AU - Mirtschin, P J AU - Kakulas, BA AD - Department of Neuropathology, Royal Perth Hospital, GPO Box X2213, Perth, Western Australia 6001, Australia Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 36 EP - 50 VL - 4 IS - 1 SN - 0104-7930, 0104-7930 KW - Australia KW - myotoxins KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24173:Animals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16498266?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Venomous+Animals+and+Toxins&rft.atitle=An+in+vitro+study+of+the+effects+of+venom+of+Australian+elapids+on+murine+skeletal+muscle+and+the+protective+effect+of+homologous+plasma&rft.au=Butler%2C+T+L%3BJacobsen%2C+P+F%3BMirtschin%2C+P+J%3BKakulas%2C+BA&rft.aulast=Butler&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=36&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Venomous+Animals+and+Toxins&rft.issn=01047930&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A comparison of barley isolated microspore and anther culture and the influence of cell culture density AN - 16480046; 4336762 AB - Comparisons were made between the efficiency of barley plant regeneration from anther culture (AC) and isolated microspore culture (IMC) for the European winter cultivar 'Igri' and the spring F sub(1) Australian breeder's hybrid Amagi NijoxWI2585. In both cases, IMC produced a higher number of green regenerant plantlets per anther than AC. For 'Igri' there was a 100- to 200-fold improvement and for Amagi NijoxWI2585 there was a five- to ninefold improvement of IMC over AC. To improve the consistency and reliability of the IMC method, we investigated several parameters, including maltose concentration, subculture protocol, microspore plating density and colony plating density. Subculturing during the liquid culture phase produced no significant improvement in the number of microspores developing into colonies. The optimal concentration of maltose in the liquid induction medium was found to be 90 g l super(-1). Both microspore plating density and colony plating density were found to influence plant regeneration. Microspores produced the highest numbers of colonies when plated at densities greater than 5x10 super(4) ml super(-1), and colonies produced optimal numbers of green plantlets when plated at 12.5-25 colonies/cm super(2). JF - Plant Cell Reports AU - Davies, P A AU - Morton, S AD - SARDI, Field Crops Pathology Unit, GPO Box 397, Adelaide SA 5001, Australia, davies.phil@pi.sa.gov.au Y1 - 1998/01// PY - 1998 DA - Jan 1998 SP - 206 EP - 210 VL - 17 IS - 3 SN - 0721-7714, 0721-7714 KW - barley KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W2 32220:Cell culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16480046?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Cell+Reports&rft.atitle=A+comparison+of+barley+isolated+microspore+and+anther+culture+and+the+influence+of+cell+culture+density&rft.au=Davies%2C+P+A%3BMorton%2C+S&rft.aulast=Davies&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=206&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Cell+Reports&rft.issn=07217714&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Response of Vegetation on Subantarctic Macquarie Island to Reduced Rabbit Grazing AN - 16474879; 4341487 AB - The responses of vascular plant species to a reduction in grazing pressure were monitored as part of a rabbit-control program on Macquarie Island. The initial response of the vegetation was more luxuriant growth with changes in abundance recorded after 2-3 years. After 8-10 years the relative abundance of several species had changed while species not previously recorded had appeared on study sites and others had disappeared. Of the 32 species recorded on study sites, 11 species (Agrostis magellanica, Deschampsia chapmanii, Festuca contracta, Juncus scheuchzerioides, Luzula crinita, Pleurophyllum hookeri, Poa annua, P. foliosa, Stilbocarpa polaris and Uncinia spp. (two species)) were found to form the major portion of the rabbits' diet while another four species (Acaena magellanica, Cerastium fontanum, Isolepis aucklandica, Polystichum vestitum) were moderately grazed. The other species were either rarely grazed or occurred too infrequently to assess. Of the 25 species that were recorded over 30 times, 17 were considered to have benefited from the introduction of rabbits. JF - Australian Journal of Botany AU - Copson, G AU - Whinam, J AD - Parks and Wildlife Service, GPO Box 44A, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia, geoffco@parks.parks.tas.gov.au Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 15 EP - 24 VL - 46 IS - 1 SN - 0067-1924, 0067-1924 KW - Australia KW - Cottontails KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04115:Temperate grasslands UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16474879?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+Journal+of+Botany&rft.atitle=Response+of+Vegetation+on+Subantarctic+Macquarie+Island+to+Reduced+Rabbit+Grazing&rft.au=Copson%2C+G%3BWhinam%2C+J&rft.aulast=Copson&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australian+Journal+of+Botany&rft.issn=00671924&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Distribution, Disturbance Tolerance and Conservation of Stackhousia gunnii in Tasmania AN - 16474698; 4341486 AB - Although being possibly widespread on the mainland of Australia, where it is recognised as part of the Stackhousia monogyna Labill. complex, S. gunnii Hook.f. is an endangered species in Tasmania, with only 10 known extant populations, all in the drier parts of the southern Midlands, These populations occur largely on roadsides or lightly grazed paddocks in vegetation that was originally either Themeda triandra grassland or Eucalyptus pauciflora woodland. An ordination of floristic data from sites with and without S. gunnii showed that the species occupies a floristically distinct environment. The floristic differences between stands of S. gunnii relate partly to the presence or absence of tree cover and substantially to precipitation. The groups of species that preferentially occur with S. gunnii are geophytes, non-geophytic herbs and exotic plants, while those that are concentrated elsewhere include shrubs, grasses and non-geophytic graminoids. Permanent transects were monitored over a 4-year period at seven sites with varying grazing, firing and disturbance. The number of shoots varied markedly between years in all sites, but not synchronously, even when transects were in close proximity. Although shoot numbers increased after fires occurred on several ungrazed transect lines, they decreased on one grazed line. Deep mechanical disturbance of one site resulted in a dramatic decrease in shoot numbers in the following year. However, they increased steadily over the following 2 years. Shoot emergence occurred at twice the expected rate on bare ground in all years and at all sites, and a substantial proportion of shoots was confined to this type of surface. However, shoots were also recorded in fewer numbers in grass cover, herb cover and non-vascular plant crusts. Like some other threatened plants of grassy ecosystems, S. gunnii seems to be rare because it cannot survive with heavy grazing disturbance, ploughing and fertilisation, and, at the other extreme, because it is susceptible to elimination in the absence of environmental conditions and disturbances that create bare ground. JF - Australian Journal of Botany AU - Gilfedder, L AU - Kirkpatrick, J B AD - Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, University of Tasmania, Box 252-55, GPO, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia, j.kirkpatrick@geog.utas.edu.au Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 1 EP - 13 VL - 46 IS - 1 SN - 0067-1924, 0067-1924 KW - Australia, Tasmania KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04640:Other angiosperms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16474698?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+Journal+of+Botany&rft.atitle=Distribution%2C+Disturbance+Tolerance+and+Conservation+of+Stackhousia+gunnii+in+Tasmania&rft.au=Gilfedder%2C+L%3BKirkpatrick%2C+J+B&rft.aulast=Gilfedder&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australian+Journal+of+Botany&rft.issn=00671924&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Preparation and Evaluation of Beads Made of Different Calcium Alginate Compositions for Oral Sustained Release of Tiaramide AN - 16474010; 4393413 AB - This study was undertaken to develop a sustained-release formulation of tiaramide (TAM), a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug with a short half-life, using alginate of different chemical compositions. Alginate gel beads containing TAM were prepared using a gelation of alginate with calcium cations. Bead performance was evaluated in vitro for different dissolution media and beads were also subjected to coating. TAM release was dependent both on its solubility in dissolution medium and the guluronate residue content of the alginate used. The release rate was in the following order: in pH 1.2 > pH 6.8 > water. The fast release rate in pH 1.2 is the result of the high solubility of TAM in acidic medium. Beads based on alginate rich in guluronate residue had the lowest release rate, which can be attributed to the compact structure formed by guluronate residues through cooperative interaction with calcium ions. Alginate beads were administered to beagle dogs, and pharmacokinetic parameters (mean residence time [MRT], t sub(max), C sub(max), and AUC) were calculated. In vivo results were in good agreement with in vitro dissolution characteristics. Beads with high guluronate content gave the best controlled results. In addition, coated beads showed a more satisfactory sustained-release pattern. Calcium alginate appears to be a potential carrier for controlling drug release rate, even for water-soluble drugs such as TAM. JF - Pharmaceutical Development and Technology AU - Fathy, M AU - Safwat, S M AU - El-Shanawany, S M AU - Shawky Tous, S AU - Otagiri, M AD - Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Kumamoto 862, Japan, Otagirim@gpo.kumamoto-u.ac.jp Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 355 EP - 364 VL - 3 IS - 3 SN - 1083-7450, 1083-7450 KW - calcium alginate KW - tiaramide KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts KW - W3 33388:Drug delivery vehicles (liposomes, cochleates, microspheres) KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16474010?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pharmaceutical+Development+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Preparation+and+Evaluation+of+Beads+Made+of+Different+Calcium+Alginate+Compositions+for+Oral+Sustained+Release+of+Tiaramide&rft.au=Fathy%2C+M%3BSafwat%2C+S+M%3BEl-Shanawany%2C+S+M%3BShawky+Tous%2C+S%3BOtagiri%2C+M&rft.aulast=Fathy&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=355&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pharmaceutical+Development+and+Technology&rft.issn=10837450&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Carbon dioxide as a regulator of gene expression in microorganisms AN - 16467090; 4324095 AB - CO sub(2) regulates gene expression across a diverse group of microorganisms including fungi, and both photosynthetic and non photosynthetic bacteria. The processes that CO sub(2) regulates are diverse. Several CO sub(2)-responsive random promoter lacZ fusions of unknown function have been isolated from a marine Synechococcus and a Pseudoalteromonas sp., highlighting the wide effect of CO sub(2) control in these organisms. Regulatory proteins have been described that mediate the CO sub(2) response at transcription level in Bacillus anthracis, the group A streptococci and two Rhodobacter spp.. These regulatory proteins include: AcpA and AtxA that are involved in CO sub(2) control of B. anthracis capsule and toxin production; Mga that regulates surface associated virulence factors in the group A streptococci; and RegB/A, a two component signal transduction system that responds to environmental stimuli including CO sub(2), to regulate photosynthetic apparatus and CO sub(2) fixation enzyme synthesis in Rhodobacter spp.. JF - Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek AU - Stretton, S AU - Goodman, A E Y1 - 1998/01// PY - 1998 DA - Jan 1998 SP - 79 EP - 85 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers VL - 73 IS - 1 KW - bacteria KW - fungi KW - microorganisms KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - J 02740:Genetics and evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16467090?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Antonie+Van+Leeuwenhoek&rft.atitle=Carbon+dioxide+as+a+regulator+of+gene+expression+in+microorganisms&rft.au=Stretton%2C+S%3BGoodman%2C+A+E&rft.aulast=Stretton&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=79&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Antonie+Van+Leeuwenhoek&rft.issn=00036072&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Response of fish immune cells to in vitro organotin exposures AN - 16298901; 4231129 AB - The presence of contaminants in aquatic environments may compromise the health and survival of fish. Many of these compounds are known immunotoxins in mammals; however, relatively little information is available on the immunotoxic responses of fish to these pollutants. Organotins are examples of widespread industrial and agricultural compounds which persist in aquatic environments. In this study, we investigate the effects of tributyltin (TBT) and its dealkylated metabolite dibutyltin (DBT) on fish immune responses. Immune cells were isolated from the spleen and head kidney of juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and exposed to 0, 2.5, 50 and 500 ppb of either TBT or DBT. Mitogenesis was quantified by tritiated thymidine incorporation into cells cultured with the mitogens concanavalin A (Con A) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). No changes in immune function occurred at the lowest organotin dose of 2.5 ppb. Con A-stimulated mitogenesis was significantly suppressed by 85% in spleen cells on exposure to 50 ppb DBT. LPS-stimulated mitogenesis was significantly suppressed by 96% in spleen cells and by 58% in head kidney cells with 50 ppb DBT. The highest concentration of 500 ppb of TBT and DBT inhibited both Con A- and LPS-stimulated mitogenesis by more than 95% in both head kidney and spleen cells. Flow cytometric analysis revealed dose-dependent changes in the cell population profile which correlated with the inhibition of mitogen-stimulated lymphoproliferation. In contrast, natural cytotoxic cell activity was not inhibited by in vitro exposure to either compound, as determined by the lysis of chromium-51-labelled K562 human erythroleukaemia cells and P815 mouse mastocytoma cells. These results show that organotins have both functional and tissue-specific effects on the fish immune system, i.e. spleen/head kidney tissue and, in general, LPS-responsive/Con A-responsive leukocytes. In aquatic systems, TBT is considered to be the most toxic organotin compound, and this toxicity decreases with progressive dealkylation to di- and mono-organotins. However, our results indicate that DBT is a more potent immunotoxin than TBT, and suggest a need for the reassessment of the potential toxicity of DBT to aquatic organisms. JF - Aquatic Toxicology AU - O'Halloran, K AU - Ahokas, J T AU - Wright, PFA AD - Key Centre for Applied and Nutritional Toxicology, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476V, Melbourne, Vic., Australia Y1 - 1998/01/01/ PY - 1998 DA - 1998 Jan 01 SP - 141 EP - 156 PB - Elsevier Science B.V. VL - 40 IS - 2-3 SN - 0166-445X, 0166-445X KW - Rainbow trout KW - dibutyltin KW - organotin compounds KW - tributyltin KW - Pollution Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Toxicology Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Physiology KW - Freshwater KW - Toxicity tests KW - Exposure KW - Toxicology KW - Tin compounds KW - Oncorhynchus mykiss KW - Fish physiology KW - Fish KW - Organotin compounds KW - Aquatic animals KW - Immune system KW - Pollution effects KW - Pisces KW - Marine KW - Immunology KW - Water pollution effects KW - Toxicity KW - Water pollution KW - Immunotoxicity KW - Antifouling substances KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - Q1 08346:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - X 24161:Acute exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16298901?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Response+of+fish+immune+cells+to+in+vitro+organotin+exposures&rft.au=O%27Halloran%2C+K%3BAhokas%2C+J+T%3BWright%2C+PFA&rft.aulast=O%27Halloran&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=141&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+Toxicology&rft.issn=0166445X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Tin compounds; Aquatic animals; Immunology; Physiology; Pollution effects; Water pollution effects; Toxicity; Toxicity tests; Water pollution; Antifouling substances; Fish physiology; Fish; Toxicology; Immune system; Immunotoxicity; Exposure; Organotin compounds; Pisces; Oncorhynchus mykiss; Freshwater; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cold hardening reduces photoinhibition of Eucalyptus nitens and E. pauciflora at frost temperatures AN - 16280192; 4291291 AB - Photoinhibition of photosynthesis at low temperatures was investigated in two species of subalpine eucalypt, Eucalypts nitens (Deane and Maiden) Maiden and E. pauciflora Sieb. ex Spreng. Imposition of an artificial cold-hardening treatment increased the frost tolerance of leaf tissue and increased tolerance to excess light. Cold-hardened seedlings of both species had a higher photosynthetic capacity than non-hardened seedlings at 6 and 16 degree C and lower levels of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) at 20 and 5 degree C. Furthermore, hardened seedlings had faster rates of NPQ development at 5 and -3.5 degree C. An increase in minimal fluorescence, which indicates slowly reversible photoinhibition, was evident in all seedlings at -1.5 and -3.5 degree C but was less pronounced in hardened seedlings, with a threefold faster rate of development of NPQ, at -3.5 degree C than non-hardened seedlings. Hardened seedlings also recovered faster from photoinhibition at -3.5 degree C. Thus cold hardening increased tolerance to high light in these species. Differences between E. nitens and E. pauciflora in their response to excess light were small and significant only at -3.5 degree C. Faster recovery from photoinhibition of E. pauciflora was consistent with its occurrence in colder habitats than E. nitens. JF - Oecologia AU - Warren, C R AU - Hovenden, MJ AU - Davidson, N J AU - Beadle, CL AD - Dep. Plant Sci., Univ. Tasmania, GPO Box 252-55, Hobart TAS 7001, Australia Y1 - 1998/01// PY - 1998 DA - Jan 1998 SP - 350 EP - 359 VL - 113 IS - 3 SN - 0029-8549, 0029-8549 KW - cold hardiness KW - photoinhibition KW - photosynthesis KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04640:Other angiosperms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16280192?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oecologia&rft.atitle=Cold+hardening+reduces+photoinhibition+of+Eucalyptus+nitens+and+E.+pauciflora+at+frost+temperatures&rft.au=Warren%2C+C+R%3BHovenden%2C+MJ%3BDavidson%2C+N+J%3BBeadle%2C+CL&rft.aulast=Warren&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=113&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=350&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Oecologia&rft.issn=00298549&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Controls of primary productivity: Lessons from the Luquillo Mountains in Puerto Rico AN - 16268537; 4268628 AB - The Luquillo Mountains of eastern Puerto Rico are used as a case study to evaluate possible single- or multiple-factor controls of productivity in montane forests. A review of published studies from the Luquillo Mountains revealed that canopy height, productivity, and species richness decline while stem density increases with elevation, as is typical of other montane forests. A mid-elevation floodplain palm stand with high levels of productivity provides a notable exception to this pattern. Previous basic and applied studies of productivity in the Luquillo Mountains have consistently considered the overall gradient in productivity to be important in understanding forest structure and function. Recent observational and experimental studies have determined that disturbance of all types is an important factor mediating productivity in both low- and high-elevation (cloud) forests. For example, low-elevation forest recovers more quickly from hurricane disturbance and is more responsive to nutrient additions than is cloud forest. All of the factors proposed for limiting productivity are supported in one way or another by research in the Luquillo Mountains. What is critically lacking is both an appreciation for the way that these factors interact and experiments appropriate to evaluate multiple controls acting simultaneously. JF - Ecology AU - Waide, R B AU - Zimmerman, J K AU - Scatena, F N AD - Inst. for Trop. Ecosystem Stud., Univ. Puerto Rico, G.P.O. Box 363682, San Juan, PR 00936, USA Y1 - 1998/01// PY - 1998 DA - Jan 1998 SP - 31 EP - 37 VL - 79 IS - 1 SN - 0012-9658, 0012-9658 KW - Puerto Rico KW - forests KW - montane environments KW - primary production KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04126:Tropical forests UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16268537?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecology&rft.atitle=Controls+of+primary+productivity%3A+Lessons+from+the+Luquillo+Mountains+in+Puerto+Rico&rft.au=Waide%2C+R+B%3BZimmerman%2C+J+K%3BScatena%2C+F+N&rft.aulast=Waide&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=31&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecology&rft.issn=00129658&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Treatment of simulated aquaculture water using biofilters subjected to aeration/non-aeration cycles AN - 16130297; 4536261 AB - The overall objective of this research activity is the development of a fixed-film biological nutrient removal (BNR) biofilter system for the reuse and discharge of a selected aquaculture water. The three stage biofilter system used in the study provided alternating aeration/non-aeration cycles for phosphorus removal in two of the three biofilters. The removal of TOC and ammonia improved as the cycle duration (CD) increased as a result of the reduction in the frequency of the transition periods between the cycles. The system achieved limited net phosphorus removal due to the limited sludge wasting and lack of external organic carbon supplies during phosphorus uptake. However, the phosphorus activity in the system was significant and was modified by the CD. The denitrification activity was coupled with phosphorus uptake and both activities appeared to have been supplied by an internal organic carbon source. The major challenges of achieving phosphorus removal in the system include: (1) overcoming the deterioration in the performance of the system during the transition period following the start of each new cycle; and (2) wasting the excess biomass following the aeration cycle. Without active sludge wasting, the system behaves as a phosphorus reservoir with a limited storage capacity. On the other hand, frequent sludge wasting may disrupt the performance of the system. JF - Water Science & Technology AU - Shanableh, A AU - Hijazi, A A2 - Grabow, WOK A2 - Dohmann, M A2 - Haas, C A2 - Hall, ER A2 - Lesouef, A A2 - Orhon, D A2 - Van Der Vlies, A A2 - Watanabe, Y A2 - Milburn, A A2 - Purdon, CD A2 - Nagle, PT (eds) Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 9 EP - 231 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., Pergamon, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK SN - 0080433952 KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Recirculating systems KW - Freshwater KW - Wastewater treatment KW - Aquaculture KW - Phosphorus removal KW - Activated sludge KW - Water treatment KW - Denitrification KW - Deterioration KW - Marine KW - Aquaculture effluents KW - Biofilters KW - Brackish KW - Simulation KW - Sludge KW - Biomass KW - Storage Capacity KW - Aeration KW - Biofiltration KW - Phosphorus Removal KW - Wastewater Treatment KW - Q3 01588:Effects of Aquaculture on the Environment KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes KW - Q5 01505:Prevention and control KW - Q1 01588:Effects of Aquaculture on the Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16130297?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Aquatic+Science+%26+Fisheries+Abstracts+%28ASFA%29+3%3A+Aquatic+Pollution+%26+Environmental+Quality&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Shanableh%2C+A%3BHijazi%2C+A&rft.aulast=Shanableh&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=223&rft.isbn=0080433952&rft.btitle=Treatment+of+simulated+aquaculture+water+using+biofilters+subjected+to+aeration%2Fnon-aeration+cycles&rft.title=Treatment+of+simulated+aquaculture+water+using+biofilters+subjected+to+aeration%2Fnon-aeration+cycles&rft.issn=02731223&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 1999-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Overview of American disinfectant residual practices AN - 16129531; 4527433 AB - In the United States (US) the primary way, until recently, to inactivate or remove pathogens contained in drinking water is through the application of chlorine, either alone or in combination with chloramine. Chlorine has been favored choice of disinfection because of its low cost relative to filtration systems and the high level of purity of many US water supplies that require minimal treatment (e.g. chemical disenfection only). During the late 1980s and early 1990s, in response to the Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWTR), many water systems began to install filtration to remove pathogenic organisms. The SWTR not only required systems to install filtration, but to maintain a disinfectant residual in the distribution system. During the same period the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) promulgated the Total Coliform Rule (TCR), that requires water suppliers to monitor for coliforms in the distribution system. The detection of positive coliform can represent a violation for water suppliers and the major method for the elimination of coliforms in the distribution system is to increase disinfectant residuals. These regulations combined with the fact that chlorine is a less expensive option compared to other means of pathogen inactivation, has lead to drinking water that is distributed with high levels chlorine. However, the current situation in the US is drven by consumers expectations of water that does not have chlorine, taste, or odor This papers presents an overview in the practice of disinfection of drinking water that is distributed by presenting and discussing survey data and case studies. JF - Water Supply AU - Clement, JA Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 41 EP - 47 PB - Blackwell Science Ltd., Osney Mead Oxford OX2 0EL UK, [URL:http://www.blacksci.co.uk] VL - 16 IS - 3-4 KW - USA KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water supplies (Potable) KW - Disinfection KW - Chlorine KW - Water supplies KW - Organoleptic Properties KW - Bacteria (Coliform) KW - Government regulations KW - Drinking Water KW - Law (see also Legislation) KW - Regulations KW - Residual Chlorine KW - Survey KW - Case study KW - Coliforms KW - Case Studies KW - Surveys KW - Organoleptic properties KW - Pathogens KW - EPA KW - Filtration KW - Reviews KW - Pathogenic organism KW - Monitoring KW - Drinking water KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16129531?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Supply&rft.atitle=Overview+of+American+disinfectant+residual+practices&rft.au=Clement%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Clement&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=41&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Supply&rft.issn=07351917&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 1999-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Endangered Species List Revisions: A Summary of Delisting and Downlisting (January 5, 1998) AN - 14578504; 10607551 AB - The Endangered Species Act was enacted in 1973, mandating, among other actions, the listing of endangered and threatened animal and plant species. A process was also put into place for delisting or downlisting a specie, and a specie may be removed from the list only if data substantiate that it is no longer threatened or endangered. Seven species of wildlife that are now extinct and have, therefore, been removed from the Lists of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants are identified as the Tecopa pupfish, longjaw cisco, blue pike, Santa Barbara song sparrow, Sampson's pearly mussel, Amistad gambusia, and dusky seaside sparrow. A number of species are also identified that have recovered to the point where no further protection under the Endangered Species Act is required, as are a number of species that have stabilized or increased in number and have, therefore, been reclassified from endangered to threatened status. JF - CRS Report for Congress: Order Code 98-32 ENR AU - Noecker, Robert J Y1 - 1998/01// PY - 1998 DA - Jan 1998 PB - Congressional Research Service, The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB KW - Environment Abstracts KW - ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT 73 KW - DATA, WILDLIFE KW - EXTINCT SPECIES, ANIMAL KW - ENDANGERED SPECIES, ANIMAL KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14578504?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CRS+Report+for+Congress%3A+Order+Code+98-32+ENR&rft.atitle=Endangered+Species+List+Revisions%3A+A+Summary+of+Delisting+and+Downlisting+%28January+5%2C+1998%29&rft.au=Noecker%2C+Robert+J&rft.aulast=Noecker&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=CRS+Report+for+Congress%3A+Order+Code+98-32+ENR&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.csa.com/htbin/envabs.cgi?pdf=01-13816.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 12 |t References N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - DATA, WILDLIFE; ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT 73; EXTINCT SPECIES, ANIMAL; ENDANGERED SPECIES, ANIMAL ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relative Potency of Xenobiotic Estrogens in an Acute in Vivo Mammalian Assay AN - 14482050; 10547325 AB - The estrogenic potency of a range of xenoestrogens was examined in an acute in vivo mammalian assay. The response chosen was the rapid increase in uterine vascular permeability following estrogen exposure. A quantitative index of the permeability of the uterine vasculature 4 h after subcutaneous injection of the test compounds was obtained from the leakage of radiolabeled albumin from the circulation. Result showed that estradiol and estriol readily induced vascular responses, but for the other compounds, much higher concentrations were required. Overall, their estrogenic potency was quite weak when assessed in an acute response. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Milligan AU - Balasubramanian, A V AU - Kalita, J C Y1 - 1998/01// PY - 1998 DA - Jan 1998 SP - 23 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 106 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES KW - BIOASSAY KW - HORMONES KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14482050?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Relative+Potency+of+Xenobiotic+Estrogens+in+an+Acute+in+Vivo+Mammalian+Assay&rft.au=Milligan%3BBalasubramanian%2C+A+V%3BKalita%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Milligan&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=23&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 2 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES; BIOASSAY; HORMONES ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bone Lead as a Biological Marker in Epidemiologic Studies of Chronic Toxicity: Conceptual Paradigms AN - 14481443; 10547322 AB - Several recent studies have indicated significant relationships between low-level lead exposure and neurologic toxicity in both adults and children. The most common biological marker of Pb dose has been the Pb level in blood, but the correlations between blood Pb levels and toxicity outcomes have generally been statistically weak. Evidence now suggests that a cumulative measure of Pb dose may be the most important determinant of some forms of toxicity. K x-ray fluorescence is described, which has been shown to be a powerful methodology for evaluating bone Pb level as an indicator of exposure integrated over many years. Two conceptual paradigms are examined to support the use of this biomarker of Pb exposure-bone Pb as the repository for cumulative Pb exposure, and bone as a Pb source. Strategies for distinguishing the relative importance of the two paradigms in epidemiologic studies are outlined. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Hu, Howard AU - Rabinowitz, Michael AU - Smith, Donald Y1 - 1998/01// PY - 1998 DA - Jan 1998 SP - 1 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 106 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - FLUORESCENCE KW - BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS KW - X RAYS KW - BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN KW - MEASUREMENTS AND SENSING KW - LEAD KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14481443?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Bone+Lead+as+a+Biological+Marker+in+Epidemiologic+Studies+of+Chronic+Toxicity%3A+Conceptual+Paradigms&rft.au=Hu%2C+Howard%3BRabinowitz%2C+Michael%3BSmith%2C+Donald&rft.aulast=Hu&rft.aufirst=Howard&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 3 |t diagrams N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - MEASUREMENTS AND SENSING; FLUORESCENCE; BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS; LEAD; X RAYS; BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Childhood Cancer: A Growing Problem AN - 14481405; 10547321 AB - Childhood cancers in the US appear to be increasing by a rate of approximately 10% per year, mostly for leukemia and tumors of the central nervous system, which account for roughly 50% of all cases. Attempting to identify trends in childhood incidence rates is difficult due to relatively small sample sizes that are statistically unstable and yield estimates that vary widely from year to year. The investigation of childhood cancers through clusters is discussed, along with the possible implication of environmental factors, such as genetic abnormalities, UV and ionizing radiation, electromagnetic fields, viral infections, medications, food additives, and industrial and agricultural chemicals. Fortunately, even though incidence rates are increasing, the prognosis for children with cancer is improving rapidly. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Schmidt, Charles W Y1 - 1998/01// PY - 1998 DA - Jan 1998 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 106 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - MEASUREMENTS AND SENSING KW - CANCER RISK KW - PATHOLOGY, CHILDREN KW - CARCINOGENIC AGENTS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14481405?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Childhood+Cancer%3A+A+Growing+Problem&rft.au=Schmidt%2C+Charles+W&rft.aulast=Schmidt&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 3 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - MEASUREMENTS AND SENSING; CANCER RISK; CARCINOGENIC AGENTS; PATHOLOGY, CHILDREN ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Accumulation of Chlorpyrifos on Residential Surfaces and Toys Accessible to Children AN - 14481066; 10547323 AB - Pesticides deposited indoors can represent a significant source of potential contact and exposure to young children through nondietary ingestion and dermal absorption pathways. These pathways were investigated after treatment of two similar apartments with Dursban, which contained 41.5% chlorpyrifos. Measurements included concentration of chlorpyrifos in air, in toys, and in dust in and on smooth surfaces. Chlorpyrifos was found to be distributed first in the particle phase immediately following application. Then, over time, chlorpyrifos gradually volatilized into the room and was sorbed to activated surfaces. Results indicated that chlorpyrifos sorbed to both plastic and felt toys, with both showing significant increases in pesticide levels. The levels on plastic toys increased rapidly, while the felt toys showed slower but sustained increases over a two-week sampling period. A model was developed of the two-phase process of deposition and volatilization, which was used to estimate exposure and dose. The surface loading of chlorpyrifos was calculated to range 3.654 ng/cm super(2) on a dresser top and 19507075 ng/cm super(2) on plastic toys. Therefore, pesticide exposure to young children will be underestimated if chronic exposures from dermal and nondietary ingestion from contact with toys and other furniture are not considered. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Gurunathan, Somia AU - Robson, Mark AU - Freeman, Natalie AU - Buckley, Brian AU - Roy, Amit AU - Meyer, Roy AU - Bukowski, John Y1 - 1998/01// PY - 1998 DA - Jan 1998 SP - 9 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 106 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - DEPOSITION, DRY KW - VOLATILIZATION KW - PESTICIDE USAGE, RESIDENTIAL KW - RISK ASSESSMENT KW - CHLORPYRIFOS KW - AIR POLLUTION, INDOOR KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14481066?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Accumulation+of+Chlorpyrifos+on+Residential+Surfaces+and+Toys+Accessible+to+Children&rft.au=Gurunathan%2C+Somia%3BRobson%2C+Mark%3BFreeman%2C+Natalie%3BBuckley%2C+Brian%3BRoy%2C+Amit%3BMeyer%2C+Roy%3BBukowski%2C+John&rft.aulast=Gurunathan&rft.aufirst=Somia&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=9&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t diagrams N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - DEPOSITION, DRY; RISK ASSESSMENT; VOLATILIZATION; PESTICIDE USAGE, RESIDENTIAL; CHLORPYRIFOS; AIR POLLUTION, INDOOR ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Common Commercial Cosmetic Products Induce Arthritis in the DA Rat AN - 14480846; 10547326 AB - Several commercially available mineral-oil-containing skin products, a vaginal gel, and two pure mineral oils were assessed in terms of their ability to induce arthritis in Dark Agouti (DA) rats after intradermal, percutaneous, or peroral administration. The compositions of the different products are described. The routes of administration included: intradermal injection, percutaneous application, intravaginal application, peroral feeding, and subcutaneous implant. The results clearly showed that some of the products could induce arthritis. Mineral oils added to the commercial cosmetic products were found to retain their arthritogenic potentials in the rats, even after being mixed with the many additional substances. Only administration via the skin caused arthritis, whereas peroral or intravaginal applications did not. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Sverdrup, B AU - Klareskog, L AU - Kleinau, S Y1 - 1998/01// PY - 1998 DA - Jan 1998 SP - 27 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 106 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - RISK ASSESSMENT KW - DISEASES AND DISORDERS KW - BIOASSAY KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14480846?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Common+Commercial+Cosmetic+Products+Induce+Arthritis+in+the+DA+Rat&rft.au=Sverdrup%2C+B%3BKlareskog%2C+L%3BKleinau%2C+S&rft.aulast=Sverdrup&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=27&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 2 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; DISEASES AND DISORDERS; BIOASSAY ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bay or Baylike Regions of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Were Potent Inhibitors of Gap Junctional Intercellular Communication AN - 14479867; 10547324 AB - Gap junctional intercellular communication activity was used to determine the structureactivity relationships of 12 different PAHs. The PAHs examined were: naphthalene, 1-methylnaphthalene, 2-methylnaphthalene, anthracene, 1-methylanthracene, 2-methylanthracene, 9-methylanthracene, 9,10-dimethyanthracene, phenanthrene, fluorene, 1-methylfluorene, and fluoranthene. Gap junctional intercellular communication was determined using the scrape loading/dye transfer assay. Results are presented in terms of doseresponse, cytotoxicity, time recovery, and time response. The naphthalene-type PAHs were observed to inhibit gap junctional intercellular communication in a shorter time period and were cytotoxic at higher doses and incubation times compared with the other PAHs. Inhibition occurred in a short period of time for all of the compounds, indicating that the gap junctions were being modified at the post-translational level. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Weis, Liliane M AU - Rummel, Alisa M AU - Masten, Susan J AU - Trosko, James E AU - Upham, Brad L Y1 - 1998/01// PY - 1998 DA - Jan 1998 SP - 17 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 106 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES KW - CYTOTOXICITY KW - QUANTITATIVE STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATION KW - POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14479867?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Bay+or+Baylike+Regions+of+Polycyclic+Aromatic+Hydrocarbons+Were+Potent+Inhibitors+of+Gap+Junctional+Intercellular+Communication&rft.au=Weis%2C+Liliane+M%3BRummel%2C+Alisa+M%3BMasten%2C+Susan+J%3BTrosko%2C+James+E%3BUpham%2C+Brad+L&rft.aulast=Weis&rft.aufirst=Liliane&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t diagrams N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES; CYTOTOXICITY; QUANTITATIVE STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATION; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Human Biomonitoring of Arsenic and Antimony in Case of an Elevated Geogenic Exposure AN - 14478011; 10547327 AB - The transfer of arsenic and antimony from the environment to humans in the northern Palatinate region of Germany was investigated. The study focused on soil contamination as the main source of exposure, using urinary concentrations and scalp hair as the biomarkers. A nonexposed reference group from Saxony was used as the control. Results showed that, compared to their natural range, high concentrations of both As and Sb were found in the northern Palatinate soil. A slight but significant correlation was found between the 24-h As excretion in urine and the content of As in the soil. Similar results were found for scalp hair. However, neither urine nor scalp hair showed increasing Sb levels with increasing Sb contents in soil. Multiple regression analysis revealed that male sex was positively associated with the contents of As and Sb in urine and with the contents of As in scalp hair. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Gebel, Thomas W AU - Suchenwirth, Roland HR AU - Bolten, Claudia AU - Dunkelberg, HHartmut Y1 - 1998/01// PY - 1998 DA - Jan 1998 SP - 33 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 106 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - ANTIMONY KW - SOIL CONTAMINATION KW - GERMANY KW - BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN KW - HAIR KW - ARSENIC KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14478011?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Human+Biomonitoring+of+Arsenic+and+Antimony+in+Case+of+an+Elevated+Geogenic+Exposure&rft.au=Gebel%2C+Thomas+W%3BSuchenwirth%2C+Roland+HR%3BBolten%2C+Claudia%3BDunkelberg%2C+HHartmut&rft.aulast=Gebel&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 5 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ANTIMONY; SOIL CONTAMINATION; ARSENIC; BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN; GERMANY; HAIR ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of Chronic Exposure to Low Doses of Trichloroethylene on Steroid Hormone and Insulin Levels in Normal Men AN - 14477532; 10547328 AB - In a population of 85 male workers in an electronics factory where trichloroethylene was used as a degreaser, the effects of long-term exposure to trichloroethylene on insulin and adrenal hormones were investigated. Urine samples were analyzed for the presence of trichloroacetic acid, and blood samples were analyzed for serum testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin, androstenedione, cortisol, aldosterone, and insulin. Trichloroethylene exposure in the breathing zone was found to be well below the current threshold limit value of 50 ppm. The concentrations of urine trichloroacetic acid ranged 0.8136.4 mg/g creatine. Serum levels of insulin were positively correlated to the urine levels of trichloroacetic acid. Only serum levels of testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin were significantly negatively and positively correlated, respectively, to the years of exposure to trichloroethylene. Androstenedione, testosterone, and sex hormone-binding globulin were significantly negatively correlated with serum insulin. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Goh, Victor Hng-Hang AU - Chia, Sin-Eng AU - Ong, Choon-Nam Y1 - 1998/01// PY - 1998 DA - Jan 1998 SP - 41 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 106 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - HORMONAL EFFECTS KW - TRICHLOROETHYLENE KW - BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN KW - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL KW - BLOOD ANALYSIS KW - REPRODUCTION, HUMAN KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14477532?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Effects+of+Chronic+Exposure+to+Low+Doses+of+Trichloroethylene+on+Steroid+Hormone+and+Insulin+Levels+in+Normal+Men&rft.au=Goh%2C+Victor+Hng-Hang%3BChia%2C+Sin-Eng%3BOng%2C+Choon-Nam&rft.aulast=Goh&rft.aufirst=Victor&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=41&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 4 |t Tables N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL; BLOOD ANALYSIS; REPRODUCTION, HUMAN; HORMONAL EFFECTS; TRICHLOROETHYLENE; BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Proposal for a Common Urban Language AN - 1416379714 JF - Places : a Quarterly Journal of Environmental Design AU - Duany, Andres Y1 - 1998/01/01/ PY - 1998 DA - 1998 Jan 01 SP - 76 CY - Cambridge, Mass. PB - MIT Press for the College of Environmental Design, University of California and the School of Planning, Massachusetts Institute of Technology VL - 11 IS - 3 SN - 0731-0455 KW - Housing And Urban Planning UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1416379714?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apio&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Places+%3A+a+Quarterly+Journal+of+Environmental+Design&rft.atitle=A+Proposal+for+a+Common+Urban+Language&rft.au=Duany%2C+Andres&rft.aulast=Duany&rft.aufirst=Andres&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=76&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Places+%3A+a+Quarterly+Journal+of+Environmental+Design&rft.issn=07310455&rft_id=info:doi/ DB - Periodicals Index Online N1 - Last updated - 2013-08-01 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Biennial report to Congress on the status of GPO Access, a service of the U.S. Government Printing Office AN - 59950641; 1999-0514650 AB - On the service which provides public access to more than 70 online databases of government publications and documents and other electronic federal information resources. Data bases include the Congressional Record, the Federal Register, the Congressional Record Index, bills and laws, the US Code, GAO reports, and others. JF - United States Government Printing Office, December 31 1997. Y1 - 1997/12/31/ PY - 1997 DA - 1997 Dec 31 PB - United States Government Printing Office KW - Information processing systems -- Government use KW - Data base systems -- Government use KW - Government information -- Information processing systems KW - Government records -- Information processing systems KW - United States -- Government printing office KW - Online information retrieval -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59950641?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1997-12-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Biennial+report+to+Congress+on+the+status+of+GPO+Access%2C+a+service+of+the+U.S.+Government+Printing+Office&rft.title=Biennial+report+to+Congress+on+the+status+of+GPO+Access%2C+a+service+of+the+U.S.+Government+Printing+Office&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - U S Govt Printing Office pa N1 - Document feature - chart(s) N1 - SuppNotes - +unp N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - GEN T1 - National Survey Results on Drug Use from the Monitoring the Future Study, 1975-1995. Volume II: College Students and Young Adults. AN - 62554560; ED415462 AB - To better understand the risk for U.S. youth substance abuse, the results of all the follow-up surveys of the graduating high school classes of 1976 through 1994--taken from the Monitoring the Future study of young adults, ages 19-32 years old--is presented here. The report serves a social monitoring function, in which levels and trends in certain behaviors, attitudes, beliefs, and conditions in this population are accurately assessed. It includes trend data for the high school senior population, as well as for college students--an important subset of the young adult population for which very little nationally representative data exists. After outlining study design and procedures, the findings are presented in six chapters: (1) "Prevalence of Drug Use among Young Adults," (2)"Trends in Drug Use among Young Adults," (3) "Attitudes and Beliefs about Drugs among Young Adults," (4) "The Social Milieu for Young Adults," (5) "Prevalence of Drug Use among College Students," and (6) "Trends in Drug Use among College Students." Overall, it was found that there were appreciable declines in the use of a number of the illicit drugs among high school seniors, with the largest declines evident among American college students and young adults. (RJM) AU - Johnston, Lloyd D. AU - O'Malley, Patrick M. AU - Bachman, Jerald G. Y1 - 1997/12// PY - 1997 DA - December 1997 SP - 216 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160493145 KW - Risk Assessment KW - United States KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Grade 12 KW - Substance Abuse KW - Young Adults KW - Higher Education KW - National Surveys KW - Longitudinal Studies KW - Risk KW - High Schools KW - College Students KW - Tables (Data) KW - High School Students KW - Drug Use KW - Trend Analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62554560?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For Volume I, see CG 027 671. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Retirement and Other Departure Plans of Instructional Faculty and Staff in Higher Education Institutions. 1993 National Study of Postsecondary Faculty (NSOPF-93). Statistical Analysis Report. AN - 62554351; ED414846 AB - This study examined retirement and other departure plans of full- and part-time faculty and staff in higher education institutions using data from the 1988 and 1993 National Studies of Postsecondary Faculty. Among the study's findings were: 22 percent of full-time and 38 percent of part-time faculty planned to leave their current position within the next three years; 57 percent of full-time faculty and staff planned to retire between the ages of 60 and 70; 28 percent of full-time faculty and staff indicated a willingness to take early retirement; and differences in retirement plans existed by gender, race/ethnicity, academic field, and type and control of institution. The study concluded that institutional policies such as early retirement incentives and part-time employment options may alter employees' retirement plans and behavior. Individual sections of the report detail the study's findings on: characteristics of full-time and part-time instructional faculty and staff; retirement and other separation and mobility plans; mobility to a job not in postsecondary education; expected retirement age or age when planning to leave postsecondary education; and interest in early retirement options. Appended are technical notes, standard error tables, and the survey questionnaires. (DB) AU - Chronister, Jay L. AU - Baldwin, Roger G. AU - Conley, Valerie M. Y1 - 1997/12// PY - 1997 DA - December 1997 SP - 172 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160493129 KW - National Study of Postsecondary Faculty KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Intellectual Disciplines KW - Teacher Retirement KW - Full Time Faculty KW - Teacher Characteristics KW - Part Time Faculty KW - Aging in Academia KW - Higher Education KW - National Surveys KW - Retirement KW - College Faculty KW - Older Adults KW - Faculty Mobility KW - Colleges KW - Personnel KW - Sex Differences KW - Teacher Persistence KW - Faculty College Relationship KW - Age Differences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62554351?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Chartbook of Degrees Conferred, 1969-70 to 1993-94. AN - 62554290; ED414864 AB - This document presents trend data for degrees conferred on U.S. students attending 2-year and 4-year institutions from 1969-70 to 1993-94. The data, which includes statistical tables, graphs and narrative, were obtained from the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System and the Higher Education General Information Survey and show the number and percent of degrees conferred by field, degree level, and sex of student, including breakdowns on degrees conferred on minorities and women. Ten figures highlight data on: U.S. resident population age 18 to 29, by sex, 1940-94; percent of degrees (associate, bachelor's, master's, and doctoral) conferred on resident minority students, 1977-94; and percent of degrees conferred, by sex, 1970-94. Data is organized according to the following field-of-study categories: agricultural and natural resources; biological/life sciences; business, computer and information sciences; education; engineering; health professions and related sciences; mathematics; physical sciences and science technologies; social sciences and history; and first professional degrees. Data for minorities do not show trends in degrees earned by subpopulations. However, data is provided on degrees conferred for the following groups: Black, non-Hispanic; Hispanic; Asian or Pacific Islander; American Indian/Alaskan Native; White, non-Hispanic; and nonresident alien. (SW) AU - Snyder, Thomas D. Y1 - 1997/12// PY - 1997 DA - December 1997 SP - 296 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160493110 KW - Higher Information General Information Survey KW - Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Intellectual Disciplines KW - Two Year Colleges KW - Masters Degrees KW - Males KW - Specialization KW - Majors (Students) KW - Higher Education KW - Associate Degrees KW - Degrees (Academic) KW - Minority Groups KW - Bachelors Degrees KW - Professional Education KW - College Graduates KW - Statistical Data KW - Doctoral Degrees KW - Females KW - Universities KW - Tables (Data) KW - Trend Analysis KW - Sex UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62554290?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Confronting the Odds: Students At Risk and the Pipeline to Higher Education. Statistical Analysis Report. AN - 62549395; ED414845 AB - This study used data on 1992 high school graduates from the National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988 (a survey that began with eighth graders in 1988 and followed them every two years through 1994) to examine the critical junctures when at-risk high school graduates are most likely to leave the pipeline to college enrollment, and to identify factors that increase their chances of successfully navigating the enrollment pipeline. An at-risk student was defined as having risk factors such as being from a single parent household, having an older sibling who dropped out of high school, and earning low grades between sixth and eighth grades. Highlights of the findings include: about 58 percent of graduates had one or more risk factors; of these, 30 percent successfully navigated the pipeline to college enrollment; at-risk students differed most from counterparts in their educational aspirations and academic preparation; and academically prepared at-risk students were much less likely than counterparts to take an entrance exam. After an introductory chapter, two chapters detail data and definitions and provide an overview of students at risk. The following two chapters present findings on the pipeline to a four-year college and compare at-risk students regarding completion of math courses, help received in the college application process, and level of school involvement of students, parents, and peers. Appended are a glossary, technical notes, and supplementary tables. (DB) AU - Horn, Laura J. Y1 - 1997/12// PY - 1997 DA - December 1997 SP - 87 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 016049334X KW - National Education Longitudinal Study 1988 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - High School Graduates KW - High Risk Students KW - College Entrance Examinations KW - College Bound Students KW - Access to Education KW - Student Characteristics KW - Academic Achievement KW - Higher Education KW - Longitudinal Studies KW - College Applicants KW - Outcomes of Education KW - Mathematics KW - Dropouts KW - Family Involvement KW - High Schools KW - Peer Influence KW - Academic Aspiration KW - Disadvantaged Youth KW - College Admission KW - Tables (Data) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62549395?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Dropout Rates in the United States: 1996. AN - 62533578; ED415316 AB - This report, ninth in a series, presents data for 1996 on high school dropout and persistence rates, and examines high school completion and graduation rates. In addition to extending time series data reported in earlier years, the report focuses on the characteristics of high school dropouts and school completers in 1996. Although the reporting of dropout statistics is no longer required by law, this report has been continued because of the importance of charting dropout behavior among America's youth. It is based on the best and most current data available, including the Current Population Survey of the Bureau of the Census. Five of every 100 young adults enrolled in high school in October 1995 left school before October of 1996 without completing a high school program. This estimate of 5% is on a par with those reported over the last 10 years. A larger percentage of Hispanic students, compared with Whites, leave school short of completing a high school program. Although the 6.7% rate for Black students falls between the rate of 9.0% for Hispanics and 4.1% for Whites, the differences are not significant. In addition, Hispanic young adults without a high school credential have completed less schooling than Black and White dropouts. In 1996, young adults living in families with incomes in the lowest 20% of all family incomes were twice as likely to drop out as their peers from families in the top 20%. While 96% of young adults from families with high incomes had a high school diploma, only about 75% of youths from low-income families reached this goal. Some young people re-enroll or complete high school credentials through alternative routes. The percent holding alternative certification has doubled from 4.9% in 1990 to 9.8% in 1996. These changes hold true throughout the country. Appendixes contain standard error and time series tables, technical notes, and supplemental tables. (Contains 17 tables and 5 figures.) (SLD) AU - McMillen, Marilyn M. AU - Kaufman, Phillip Y1 - 1997/12// PY - 1997 DA - December 1997 SP - 110 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 016049317X KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Low Income Groups KW - High School Graduates KW - Socioeconomic Status KW - School Holding Power KW - Dropout Rate KW - Racial Differences KW - National Surveys KW - Census Figures KW - Comparative Analysis KW - White Students KW - Hispanic Americans KW - High Schools KW - Black Students KW - Urban Youth KW - Tables (Data) KW - High School Students UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62533578?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Disseminating Promising and Exemplary Programs: Planning a System of Expert Panels. Working Papers. Meeting Report and Follow-Up Papers [from an OERI-Sponsored Meeting (Chicago, Illinois, March 24, 1997).] AN - 62529143; ED415575 AB - This report summarizes the proceedings of an Office of Educational Research and Improvement (OERI) sponsored meeting. The discussion and followup papers address issues related to disseminating promising and exemplary programs in conjunction with OERI's responsibilities to plan a system of expert panels. Section 1 of the report includes the minutes of the planning meeting, a summary of the themes from the discussion groups, the agenda, a list of participants, and meeting handouts. Section 2, making up more than half the report, contains the individual commissioned papers. They are: "An Overview of OERI Efforts to Develop a System to Designate and Disseminate Promising and Exemplary Products, Programs and Practices" (Susan Klein); "Expert Panels and the Dissemination of Exemplary Practices" (John Evans); "The System of Expert Panels: Reflections on the Future from Lessons of the Past Twenty Years" (M. Christine Dwyer); "Sharing the Best We've Got to Offer: Reflections on a System of Expert Panels to Designate and Disseminate Promising and Exemplary Products, Programs, and Practices (John Luczak); "Dissemination and Evaluation Issues Related to the System of Expert Panels" (Gary Borich); "The Expert Panels to be Charged with Identifying Promising and Exemplary Educational Programs: Issues and Suggestions" (Janet Carter); "Other Key Issues for Planning a System of Expert Panels: Making a Complex System Viable, Inclusive, and Fair" (Floraline Stevens); "Expert Panels and Educational Reforms: Some Perceptions Based on a Search for Promising and Exemplary Adolescent Pregnancy Programs" (Karen Bogart); "Reactions to the Expert Panel System as Piloted by OERI" (Lynn Fox); "Some Thoughts and Reflections on the OERI Expert Panel System" (Harilyn Rousso); "The Gender Equity Expert Panel: The Core Gender Equity Sub-Panel One Year Later" (Marylin A. Hulme); "Advice for Planning a System of Expert Panels" (Mary M. Wiberg); and "Lessons to be Learned from Setting Up the Gender Equity Expert Panel for Establishing a System of Expert Panels in Education" (Patricia E. Ortman). (LMI) Y1 - 1997/12// PY - 1997 DA - December 1997 SP - 185 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160493897 KW - Experts KW - Panel Reviews KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Program Effectiveness KW - Excellence in Education KW - Information Utilization KW - Program Implementation KW - Information Dissemination KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Program Evaluation KW - Educational Improvement KW - Sex Discrimination KW - Outcomes of Education UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62529143?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Individualizing: A Plan for Success. Training Guides for the Head Start Learning Community. AN - 62456051; ED424018 AB - This guide is intended for use in training Head Start staff working with families to plan and implement the program's curriculum through an individualized child development and education approach. The guide focuses specifically on enhancing staff skills in carrying out the four steps in the individualizing process: screening; evaluation; planning; and ongoing assessment. Following an introductory section, the guide presents four training modules. Each module details expected outcomes, key concepts, background information, learning activities, and next steps. Handouts are included for each module. Module One, "Learning about Each Child--The First Step in Individualizing," provides an overview of the individualizing process. Module Two, "Creating Essential Partnerships--Families and Staff Working Together," allows participants to establish partnerships with families so they can share information about each child. Module Three, "Individualizing Every Day--An Ongoing Dynamic Process," encourages participants to respond to each child's unique characteristics by individualizing all aspects of the curriculum. Module four, "Responding to Children's Progress--The Ongoing Process Continues," builds participants' ability to conduct ongoing assessment. The final sections of the guide contain continuing professional development and resource lists. Five appendices address individualizing, culturally competent practices, screening instruments, characteristics of strong partnerships, and assessment in Head Start. (SD) Y1 - 1997/12// PY - 1997 DA - December 1997 SP - 164 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 016042738X KW - Project Head Start KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Practitioners KW - Teachers KW - Workshops KW - Individualized Programs KW - High Risk Students KW - Individualized Instruction KW - Individual Needs KW - Individual Instruction KW - Staff Development KW - Family Involvement KW - Partnerships in Education KW - Curriculum Development KW - Preschool Education KW - Student Needs KW - Child Development KW - Resource Materials KW - Training Methods KW - Preschool Children UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62456051?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For other "Training Guides" in this series, see ED N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Emerging Literacy: Linking Social Competence to Learning. Training Guides for the Head Start Learning Community. AN - 62436318; ED424017 AB - Defining literacy development as a continuous process that has its roots in the home, this training guide is intended to enhance the skills of Head Start staff in collaborating with families to support the development of children's language skills. The guide also describes the emerging literacy for children from birth through the preschool years. Following an introductory section, the guide presents four training modules. Each module details expected outcomes, key concepts, background information, learning activities and next steps. Handouts are included for each module. Module One, "Emerging Literacy: Supporting a Natural Process," provides an overview of emerging literacy. Module Two, "From Cooing to Talking: Partners in Conversation," enhances staff ability to listen and respond to children, engage them, and encourage their use of listening and speaking skills. Module Three, "The Magic World of Reading: Opening Doors for Children," helps staff improve their skills in enhancing children's enjoyment and understanding of books. Module Four, "Setting the Stage for Literacy Explorations," allows staff to create literacy-rich environments in Head Start settings and promote literacy exploration through the environment and activities related to children's interests. The final sections of the guide include a continuing professional development section which suggests activities to enhance skills developed through this guide, and a resource section which offers more information concerning topics covered in the guide. (SD) Y1 - 1997/12// PY - 1997 DA - December 1997 SP - 222 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160427363 KW - Project Head Start KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Practitioners KW - Teachers KW - Workshops KW - High Risk Students KW - Language Acquisition KW - Reading Skills KW - Staff Development KW - Beginning Reading KW - Preschool Education KW - Interpersonal Competence KW - Emergent Literacy KW - Resource Materials KW - Training Methods KW - Preschool Children KW - Literacy Education UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62436318?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For other "Training Guides" in this series, see ED N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Feminism and the Future, Sisterhood and the State AN - 61602644; 9909460 AB - A review essay on a book by Hester Eisenstein, Inside Agitators: Australian Femocrats and the State (Sydney, Australia: Allen & Unwin, 1996), which examines the recent increased presence of feminist bureaucrats in senior-level positions in the Australian government. The book offers a clear exposition of the experiences of the 32 "femocrats" interviewed in 1990. However, in following this research design, Eisenstein has produced a thesis that is sharply structured by the experiences, settings, strategies, & shared culture of the interviewees. It is therefore likely that a different set of informants would produce a different interpretation of the research question. Moreover, the book might have benefited from a greater appreciation of the fact that the term "femocrat" might be defined differently by women working in related contexts, eg, trade unions or service agencies. Despite these limitations, the volume opens a research domain that might be pursued in the guise of more national & international comparisons & different methodologies. 4 References. D. Ryfe JF - Discourse AU - Ramsay, Eleanor AD - U South Australia, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia Y1 - 1997/12// PY - 1997 DA - December 1997 SP - 479 EP - 489 VL - 18 IS - 3 SN - 0159-6306, 0159-6306 KW - Bureaucracy KW - Professional Women KW - Feminist Theory KW - Government Agencies KW - Civil Service KW - Australia KW - article KW - 2959: feminist/gender studies; feminist studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61602644?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Discourse&rft.atitle=Feminism+and+the+Future%2C+Sisterhood+and+the+State&rft.au=Ramsay%2C+Eleanor&rft.aulast=Ramsay&rft.aufirst=Eleanor&rft.date=1997-12-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=479&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Discourse&rft.issn=01596306&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - DISCDK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Australia; Professional Women; Civil Service; Government Agencies; Feminist Theory; Bureaucracy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Macedonian Question: An Historical and Sociological Perspective AN - 61578414; 9813885 AB - Examines the controversy surrounding the "Macedonian question" -- the attempt by contemporary Slavophones from the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia to appropriate the name Macedonia for their ethnic community. Discussion focuses on the origination of the term Macedonia as a Hellenic noun with the historical formation of the territory known as Macedonia, disputes antecedent to the current Macedonian question, scholarship debating the existence of a Macedonian ethnic community, factors that engendered the current controversy, & the emergence of a novel Macedonian ethnos during WWI. Strategies enacted by the contemporary territory to appropriate Macedonia as its name & the current Greek government's reaction to such appropriation & recommendation that a Slavo-Bulgarian term be selected are reviewed. It is concluded that the transformation of the former Yugoslav Republic to the Republic of Macedonia is based on historical fabrications; ethnic communities are the product of long historical processes & do not always fit contemporary territorial borders. 68 References. Adapted from the source document. JF - Journal of Developing Societies AU - Pigadas, George AD - Instit Hellenic Affairs Hellenic Canadian Congress, Ontario Y1 - 1997/12// PY - 1997 DA - December 1997 SP - 249 EP - 265 VL - 13 IS - 2 SN - 0169-796X, 0169-796X KW - Macedonia KW - Postcommunist Societies KW - Ethnonationalism KW - Yugoslavia KW - State Formation KW - article KW - 0285: sociology: history and theory; comparative & historical sociology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61578414?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Developing+Societies&rft.atitle=The+Macedonian+Question%3A+An+Historical+and+Sociological+Perspective&rft.au=Pigadas%2C+George&rft.aulast=Pigadas&rft.aufirst=George&rft.date=1997-12-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=249&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Developing+Societies&rft.issn=0169796X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - JDSOEK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ethnonationalism; Yugoslavia; Postcommunist Societies; State Formation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Preface AN - 21309235; 11703710 JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Quastel, Michael R AU - Goldsmith, John R Y1 - 1997/12// PY - 1997 DA - Dec 1997 SP - 1383 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 105 IS - Suppl 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts; Environmental Engineering Abstracts UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21309235?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Preface&rft.au=Quastel%2C+Michael+R%3BGoldsmith%2C+John+R&rft.aulast=Quastel&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=1997-12-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=Suppl+6&rft.spage=1383&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Iodine deficiency in Belarusian children as a possible factor stimulating the irradiation of the thyroid gland during the Chernobyl catastrophe. AN - 21273556; 11702130 AB - Ten years after the Chernobyl nuclear plant catastrophe more than 500 children in Belarus are suffering from thyroid cancer. The major cause of the high incidence of thyroid cancer in children under 15 years of age appears to be contamination resulting from that catastrophe, mainly with isotopes of radioactive iodine. Another important factor may be iodine deficiency in the environment. A countrywide program for investigation of goiter prevalence and iodine deficiency has been established in the Republic of Belarus with the assistance of the European World Health Organization office. The program will oversee the examination of 11,000 children and adolescents 6 to 18 years of age from 30 schools in urban and rural areas. The results obtained in a group of 824 children and adolescents (the pilot phase) are typical for significant iodine deficiency and moderate goiter endemism. It is clear that the present situation does not completely reflect the situation that existed at the time of the Chernobyl catastrophe. However, data from epidemiologic studies conducted many years before the accident showed high goiter prevalence in the contaminated areas, indicating that the prevalence of iodine deficiency at the time of the catastrophe was similar to the present one or even greater. Such an assumption could lead to a better understanding of the thyroid pathologies that have been observed. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Gembicki, M AU - Stozharov, A N AU - Arinchin, A N AU - Moschik, K V AU - Petrenko, S AU - Khmara, I M AU - Baverstock, K F AD - University School of Medical Sciences, PoznaA, Poland. Y1 - 1997/12// PY - 1997 DA - Dec 1997 SP - 1487 EP - 1490 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 105 IS - Suppl 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Belarus KW - Ukraine, Chernobyl KW - Isotopes KW - Age KW - Pathology KW - Thyroid KW - Children KW - Cancer KW - endemism KW - Nuclear power plants KW - Accidents KW - schools KW - Irradiation KW - Iodine KW - Adolescents KW - Rural areas KW - Urban areas KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety KW - P 8000:RADIATION KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21273556?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Iodine+deficiency+in+Belarusian+children+as+a+possible+factor+stimulating+the+irradiation+of+the+thyroid+gland+during+the+Chernobyl+catastrophe.&rft.au=Gembicki%2C+M%3BStozharov%2C+A+N%3BArinchin%2C+A+N%3BMoschik%2C+K+V%3BPetrenko%2C+S%3BKhmara%2C+I+M%3BBaverstock%2C+K+F&rft.aulast=Gembicki&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1997-12-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=Suppl+6&rft.spage=1487&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Age; Isotopes; Pathology; Thyroid; Children; Cancer; endemism; Nuclear power plants; Accidents; schools; Irradiation; Iodine; Adolescents; Urban areas; Rural areas; Belarus; Ukraine, Chernobyl ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chromosome translocations: a biomarker for retrospective biodosimetry. AN - 21272792; 11702124 AB - We discuss here the results from our studies demonstrating that simple translocations detected by chromosome painting can be used to reconstruct radiation doses for workers exposed within the dose limits and for individuals with past exposure. To be useful, a biomarker for exposure and risk assessment should employ an end point that is highly quantitative, stable over time, and relevant to human risk. Recent advances in chromosome staining using fluorescence in situ hybridization facilitate fast and reliable measurement of simple translocations, a type of DNA damage linked both to prior clastogenic exposure and to risk. In contrast to other biomarkers available, the frequency of simple translocations in individuals exposed to whole-body radiation is stable over time postexposure, has little interindividual variability, and can be measured accurately at low frequencies. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Lucas, J N AD - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore 94551, USA, lucas1@llnl.gov Y1 - 1997/12// PY - 1997 DA - Dec 1997 SP - 1433 EP - 1436 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 105 IS - Suppl 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Bioindicators KW - Risk assessment KW - Fluorescence KW - biomarkers KW - DNA damage KW - Chromosomes KW - Chromosome translocations KW - Radiation KW - DNA KW - translocation KW - Occupational exposure KW - Fluorescence in situ hybridization KW - G 07710:Chemical Mutagenesis & Radiation KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21272792?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Chromosome+translocations%3A+a+biomarker+for+retrospective+biodosimetry.&rft.au=Lucas%2C+J+N&rft.aulast=Lucas&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1997-12-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=Suppl+6&rft.spage=1433&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; DNA damage; Radiation; Chromosome translocations; biomarkers; Occupational exposure; Fluorescence in situ hybridization; Bioindicators; Chromosomes; Fluorescence; DNA; translocation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radiofrequency field exposure and cancer: what do the laboratory studies suggest? AN - 21270367; 11704957 AB - Significant concern has been raised about possible health effects from exposure to radiofrequency (RF) electromagnetic fields, especially after the rapid introduction of mobile telecommunications systems. Parents are especially concerned with the possibility that children might develop cancer after exposure to the RF emissions from mobile telephone base stations erected in or near schools. These questions have followed scientific reports suggesting that residence near high voltage power lines may to be associated with an increased childhood leukemia risk. Epidemiologic studies have been plagued by poor RF exposure assessment and differences in methodology. There are no high-quality epidemiologic studies that can be used to evaluate health risks from RF exposure. Laboratory studies in this area have been somewhat confusing. Some animal studies suggest that RF fields accelerate the development of sarcoma colonies in the lung, mammary tumors, skin tumors, hepatomas, and sarcomas. A substantial RF-induced increase in lymphoma incidence in transgenic mice exposed for up to 18 months has also been reported. In contrast, other studies have not found carcinogenic effects. These conflicting results indicate the need for more well-conducted studies on laboratory animals, supplemented with high-quality in vitro studies to identify effects that need further research in vivo, and to characterize any acting mechanisms, especially at low RF field levels. This paper provides a review of the laboratory studies and indicates what conclusions about RF-induced cancer can be drawn. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Repacholi, M H AD - Office of Global and Integrated Environmental Health, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, repacholim@who.ch Y1 - 1997/12// PY - 1997 DA - Dec 1997 SP - 1565 EP - 1568 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 105 IS - Suppl 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Skin KW - Laboratory testing KW - Mice KW - tumors KW - Children KW - Electromagnetic fields KW - Cancer KW - Leukemia KW - telecommunications KW - schools KW - Lung KW - Carcinogenicity KW - Reviews KW - Emissions KW - lymphoma KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21270367?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Radiofrequency+field+exposure+and+cancer%3A+what+do+the+laboratory+studies+suggest%3F&rft.au=Repacholi%2C+M+H&rft.aulast=Repacholi&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1997-12-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=Suppl+6&rft.spage=1565&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Skin; Laboratory testing; tumors; Mice; Children; Cancer; Electromagnetic fields; Leukemia; telecommunications; schools; Carcinogenicity; Lung; Reviews; Emissions; lymphoma ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Is FISH painting an appropriate biological marker for dose estimates of suspected accidental radiation overexposure? A review of cases investigated in France from 1995 to 1996. AN - 21262339; 11702132 AB - From 1995 to 1996 about 15 people suspected of being overexposed to ionizing radiation were referred to the Institute for Nuclear Safety and Protection in Fontenay-aux-Roses, France, for investigation by chromosome aberration analysis. Biological estimates of accidental overexposure were first obtained by scoring radio-induced unstable structural chromosome aberrations (dicentrics, centric rings, and fragments) in peripheral blood lymphocytes. For dose estimates, the yield of these chromosomal aberrations observed in 500 metaphases was compared with the laboratory dose-response relationship established from human blood irradiated in vitro (gamma-rays, 60Co, 0.5 Gy/min). To extend the possibilities of detecting DNA damage from earlier exposures by visualizing stable chromosome aberrations, chromosome painting by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH painting) was developed using a cocktail of three composite whole human chromosome-specific DNA probes (numbers 2, 4, and 12). A laboratory calibration curve for scoring terminal and/or reciprocal translocations was established for the same radiation quality and dose rate as those used for conventional cytogenetics (gamma-rays, 60Co, 0.5 Gy/min). For dosimetry purposes, it was also important to verify whether FISH painting could be applied to each human blood sample assessed for conventional expertise. For each individual, 2000 metaphases were scored for the presence or absence of reciprocal and terminal translocations. We present here a comparison between the results obtained by the two technologies for each of the cases studied separately. We describe their similarities or differences and discuss the suitability of using FISH painting for routine expertise analysis. Images Figure 2. A Figure 2. B Figure 2. C JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Sorokine-Durm, I AU - Durand, V AU - Le Roy, A AU - Paillole, N AU - Roy, L AU - Voisin, P AD - Institut de Protection et de Surete Nucleaire, Departement de Protection de la Sante de L'Homme et de Dosimetrie, IPSN, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France., irene.sorokine@ipsn.fr Y1 - 1997/12// PY - 1997 DA - Dec 1997 SP - 1427 EP - 1432 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 105 IS - Suppl 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Fluorescence KW - composite materials KW - Dosimetry KW - Lymphocytes KW - France KW - Nuclear power plants KW - Dose-response effects KW - Reviews KW - Ionizing radiation KW - DNA KW - Fish KW - translocation KW - Chromosome aberrations KW - Technology KW - ENA 14:Radiological Contamination KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21262339?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Is+FISH+painting+an+appropriate+biological+marker+for+dose+estimates+of+suspected+accidental+radiation+overexposure%3F+A+review+of+cases+investigated+in+France+from+1995+to+1996.&rft.au=Sorokine-Durm%2C+I%3BDurand%2C+V%3BLe+Roy%2C+A%3BPaillole%2C+N%3BRoy%2C+L%3BVoisin%2C+P&rft.aulast=Sorokine-Durm&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=1997-12-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=Suppl+6&rft.spage=1427&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - composite materials; Fluorescence; Dosimetry; Lymphocytes; Nuclear power plants; Ionizing radiation; Reviews; Dose-response effects; DNA; Fish; translocation; Chromosome aberrations; Technology; France ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Collective radiation biodosimetry for dose reconstruction of acute accidental exposures: a review. AN - 21262312; 11702121 AB - Quantification of the biologically relevant dose is required to establish cause and effect between radiation detriment or burden and important biological outcomes. Most epidemiologic studies of unanticipated radiation exposure fail to establish cause and effect because researchers have not been able to construct a valid quantification of dose for the exposed population. However, no one biodosimetric technique (biophysical or biological) meets all the requirements of an ideal dosimeter. This paper reviews how the collection of biodosimetric data for victims of radiation accidents can be used to create a dosimetric "gold standard." Particular emphasis is placed on the use of electron spin resonance, a standard for radiation accident dosimetry. As an example of this technique, a review will be presented of a previously reported study of an individual exposed to a 60Co sterilization source. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Pass, B AD - Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, Barry.Pass@dal.ca Y1 - 1997/12// PY - 1997 DA - Dec 1997 SP - 1397 EP - 1402 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 105 IS - Suppl 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Accidents KW - Reviews KW - Dosimetry KW - Sterilization KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21262312?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Collective+radiation+biodosimetry+for+dose+reconstruction+of+acute+accidental+exposures%3A+a+review.&rft.au=Pass%2C+B&rft.aulast=Pass&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1997-12-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=Suppl+6&rft.spage=1397&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Accidents; Reviews; Dosimetry; Sterilization ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Two-year follow up study of stress-related disorders among immigrants to Israel from the Chernobyl area. AN - 21261118; 11702131 AB - We report on findings from a 2-year follow-up study of immigrants originating from exposed areas around the site of the 1986 Chernobyl accident matched with comparison subjects emigrating from other republics in the Confederation of Independent States. In the initial study of 708 immigrants, the samples were matched by age, gender, and year of immigration. We assessed two exposure groups--high and low--by estimating levels of ground cesium contamination from the International Atomic Energy Agency maps. We reinterviewed 520 immigrants from the first wave of data collection (a reinterview rate of 73%), 87 from high-exposure areas, 217 from low-exposure areas, and 216 comparison subjects. This study examined the prevalence of symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorders (PTSD), depression, somatization, anxiety, and physical effects (high blood pressure, acute symptoms, and chronic illness). The results obtained in the first wave conducted 8 years after the accident showed that psychological symptoms were significantly higher in exposed respondents than in the comparison group. During the second wave (10 years after the accident) we observed a decline in the prevalence of PTSD and related distress except for somatization, which remained at the same level. An association between exposure and high blood pressure was observed in the first wave of data, but was not still significant in the second wave of data collection. The proportion of those who reported three or more chronic health problems was 48.3% among the high-exposure group, 49.3% in the low-exposure group, and 30.6% in the comparison group (p = 0.0003). The most commonly reported problems were heart disease. problems with vision or hearing, migraine headaches, problems with the lymphatic system, and arthritis. Based on the results, it was concluded that the Chernobyl accident was a powerful stressor, having a strong impact on both mental and physical health. Since all respondents were engaged in the process of acculturation and accommodation to a new country after emigration, it is encouraging that this study shows that levels of psychological distress are waning as the new immigrants are absorbed into Israeli society. However, there still remains some independent effect on health associated with the experience of the Chernobyl accident. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Cwikel, J AU - Abdelgani, A AU - Goldsmith, J R AU - Quastel, M AU - Yevelson, I I AD - Spitzer Department of Social Work, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel., jcwikel@bgumail.bgu.ac.il Y1 - 1997/12// PY - 1997 DA - Dec 1997 SP - 1545 EP - 1550 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 105 IS - Suppl 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Ukraine, Chernobyl KW - Age KW - Emigration KW - Cesium KW - Anxiety KW - Contamination KW - Psychology KW - Israel KW - Maps KW - heart diseases KW - health problems KW - Accidents KW - Vision KW - Arthritis KW - Headache KW - Waves KW - Lymphatic system KW - Heart diseases KW - Data collection KW - Data processing KW - Immigration KW - Depression KW - posttraumatic stress disorder KW - immigrants KW - Immigrants KW - Data collections KW - emigration KW - depression KW - Post-traumatic stress disorder KW - Nuclear power plants KW - Radioactive fallout KW - Energy KW - Migraine KW - Gender KW - hypertension KW - Hearing KW - Hypertension KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety KW - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21261118?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Two-year+follow+up+study+of+stress-related+disorders+among+immigrants+to+Israel+from+the+Chernobyl+area.&rft.au=Cwikel%2C+J%3BAbdelgani%2C+A%3BGoldsmith%2C+J+R%3BQuastel%2C+M%3BYevelson%2C+I+I&rft.aulast=Cwikel&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1997-12-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=Suppl+6&rft.spage=1545&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Emigration; Depression; Immigration; Data processing; Cesium; Contamination; Anxiety; Immigrants; Data collections; Maps; Post-traumatic stress disorder; Accidents; Vision; Migraine; Energy; Arthritis; Headache; Waves; Hearing; Lymphatic system; Hypertension; Heart diseases; Age; Data collection; posttraumatic stress disorder; immigrants; Psychology; depression; emigration; heart diseases; health problems; Nuclear power plants; Radioactive fallout; hypertension; Gender; Ukraine, Chernobyl; Israel ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A scientific panel for determining health effects among radiation workers at Israel's nuclear research facilities. AN - 21260630; 11703707 AB - The problem of compensation to employees of nuclear research facilities presents difficult issues to the practicing attorney. The major stumbling block to presenting a well-documented case in court is the worker's inability to discuss the full range of duties at his or her work station over the course of employment. In addition the worker is barred from discussing the types and concentrations of chemicals and radioactive substances to which he or she is exposed, thereby limiting the ability of a competent physician to prepare an opinion on the causation between effects of exposure and disease. This paper presents the dilemma faced by the authors, who represented over 40 workers with cancer at the nuclear research facility in Dimona, Israel. It shows how the authors extricated themselves from this difficult dilemma by creating a panel of scientific experts under the court's auspices and with the court's blessings, which obviated the need for heavy procedural rules of court that apply in torts litigation in Israel. The scheme as developed and approved by the court can serve as a model to other countries where security matters are as important as matters of environmental health. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Laster, R AU - Somech, C AD - Laster and Gouldman, Jerusalem, Israel., laster@netvision.net.il Y1 - 1997/12// PY - 1997 DA - Dec 1997 SP - 1595 EP - 1597 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 105 IS - Suppl 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Chemicals KW - employment KW - Radiation KW - courts KW - Environmental health KW - Israel KW - security KW - Litigation KW - Occupational exposure KW - Cancer KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety KW - P 8000:RADIATION KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21260630?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=A+scientific+panel+for+determining+health+effects+among+radiation+workers+at+Israel%27s+nuclear+research+facilities.&rft.au=Laster%2C+R%3BSomech%2C+C&rft.aulast=Laster&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1997-12-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=Suppl+6&rft.spage=1595&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chemicals; employment; Radiation; courts; Environmental health; security; Litigation; Cancer; Occupational exposure; Israel ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radiation-induced double-strand modification in calf thymus DNA in the presence of 1,2-dihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone and its Cu(II) complex. AN - 21259486; 11703709 AB - When cells or DNA is exposed to ionizing radiation, the radicals produced in the irradiated sample will modify the base-pair region of the double strands. Effects of 1,2-dihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone (DHA) and its Cu(II) complex on the radiation-induced modification of double-strands in calf thymus DNA were studied using ethidium bromide as a fluorescent probe. Our results show that the Cu(II)-DHA complex is more efficient in modifying the base-pair region in double-stranded DNA compared to free DHA. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Das, S AU - Saha, A AU - Mandal, P C AD - Nuclear Chemistry Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Calcutta, India. Y1 - 1997/12// PY - 1997 DA - Dec 1997 SP - 1459 EP - 1462 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 105 IS - Suppl 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Environment Abstracts KW - Calf thymus KW - Ionizing radiation KW - DNA KW - Ethidium bromide KW - Fluorescent indicators KW - Radicals KW - N 14845:Miscellaneous KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21259486?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Radiation-induced+double-strand+modification+in+calf+thymus+DNA+in+the+presence+of+1%2C2-dihydroxy-9%2C10-anthraquinone+and+its+Cu%28II%29+complex.&rft.au=Das%2C+S%3BSaha%2C+A%3BMandal%2C+P+C&rft.aulast=Das&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1997-12-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=Suppl+6&rft.spage=1459&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Calf thymus; Ionizing radiation; Ethidium bromide; DNA; Fluorescent indicators; Radicals ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Risk factors for long-term mental and psychosomatic distress in Latvian Chernobyl liquidators. AN - 21259248; 11703708 AB - Epidemiologic studies on the health effects of the Chernobyl disaster have focused largely on physical health, whereas the psychological consequences have received little attention. The authors have assessed the associations of various exposure variables with mental and psychosomatic distress in a sample of 1412 Latvian liquidators drawn from the State Latvian Chernobyl Clean-up Workers Registry. The outcome was a mixed mental-psychosomatic disorder occurring during 1986 to 1995. Comparisons among subgroups of the cohort classified according to exposure type or level were based on the proportional hazards model. Length of work (> or = 28 days) in a 10-km radius from the reactor (relative risk [RR] = 1.39, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.14-1.70), work (> 1 time) on the damaged reactor roof (RR = 1.46, 95% CI 1.02-2.09), forest work (RR = 1.41, 95% CI 1.19-1.68), fresh fruit consumption (> or = 1 time/day) (RR = 1.72, 95% CI 1.12-2.65) are risk factors for mixed mental-psychosomatic disorder. Construction of the sarcophagus (RR = 1.82, 95% CI 0.89-3.72) is also associated with this outcome, although nonsignificantly. Distinguishing stress-related from radiation-induced effects in this data set was difficult and these findings should provide a basis for later hypothesis testing in other cohorts. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Viel, J F AU - Curbakova, E AU - Dzerve, B AU - Eglite, M AU - Zvagule, T AU - Vincent, C AD - Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health, Besancon, France, jean-francois.viel@ufc-chu.univ-fcompte.fr Y1 - 1997/12// PY - 1997 DA - Dec 1997 SP - 1539 EP - 1544 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 105 IS - Suppl 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Ukraine, Chernobyl KW - Psychology KW - fruits KW - Disasters KW - Forests KW - Occupational exposure KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21259248?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Risk+factors+for+long-term+mental+and+psychosomatic+distress+in+Latvian+Chernobyl+liquidators.&rft.au=Viel%2C+J+F%3BCurbakova%2C+E%3BDzerve%2C+B%3BEglite%2C+M%3BZvagule%2C+T%3BVincent%2C+C&rft.aulast=Viel&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1997-12-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=Suppl+6&rft.spage=1539&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Psychology; fruits; Disasters; Forests; Occupational exposure; Ukraine, Chernobyl ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Distinct sensitivity of normal and malignant cells to ultrasound in vitro. AN - 21257951; 11703711 AB - The effect of ultrasonic irradiation on the viability of human normal (foreskin fibroblast and amniotic fluid epithelial) and tumor (breast carcinoma, melanoma, and lung carcinoma) cells lines was studied. Cells were subjected to ultrasonic irradiation with a frequency of 20 kHz and an intensity of 0.33 W/cm2 for variable periods of time. Several parameters were tested to determine the effects of ultrasonic irradiation on cell viability and cellular function. Normal cells were relatively resistant to ultrasonic irradiation, whereas malignant cells were much more sensitive. Maximum damage occurred 4 min after exposure of the malignant cells to irradiation. Cellular DNA and protein synthesis were significantly affected as a function of time of irradiation and cloning efficiency of malignant cells exposed to irradiation was greatly reduced. To generalize the consistency of the ultrasonic effect, studies on additional normal and malignant human cells of distinct origin are under way to test their sensitivity to ultrasonic irradiation. Thus, the applicability of ultrasonic irradiation as an antitumor agent may be important in the development of a new methodology in the treatment of cancer. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Lejbkowicz, F AU - Salzberg, S AD - Institute of Clinical Immunology, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel, f_lejbkowicz@rambam.health.gov.il Y1 - 1997/12// PY - 1997 DA - Dec 1997 SP - 1575 EP - 1578 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 105 IS - Suppl 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Amniotic fluid KW - Sensitivity KW - DNA biosynthesis KW - Protein biosynthesis KW - Lung carcinoma KW - Cloning KW - tumors KW - melanoma KW - Tumors KW - Antitumor agents KW - Cancer KW - Melanoma KW - Fibroblasts KW - protein synthesis KW - Efficiency KW - Tumor cell lines KW - Radiation KW - Ultrasonics KW - Irradiation KW - DNA KW - Breast carcinoma KW - Ultrasound KW - W 30915:Pharmaceuticals & Vaccines KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21257951?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Distinct+sensitivity+of+normal+and+malignant+cells+to+ultrasound+in+vitro.&rft.au=Lejbkowicz%2C+F%3BSalzberg%2C+S&rft.aulast=Lejbkowicz&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1997-12-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=Suppl+6&rft.spage=1575&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Amniotic fluid; DNA biosynthesis; Protein biosynthesis; Lung carcinoma; Tumors; Antitumor agents; Fibroblasts; Melanoma; Tumor cell lines; Radiation; Ultrasonics; DNA; Breast carcinoma; Ultrasound; protein synthesis; Sensitivity; Efficiency; Irradiation; Cloning; tumors; melanoma; Cancer ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Incidence of childhood disease in Belarus associated with the Chernobyl accident. AN - 21257824; 11704955 AB - Study of the childhood incidence of cancer and other diseases in Belarus is of great importance because of the present unfavorable environmental situation. About 20% of the children in the republic were exposed in various degrees to radiation as a result of the Chernobyl accident. Since 1987 increases in the incidence of most classes of disease have been reported, including the development of thyroid cancer. From 1987 to 1995, thyroid cancer was diagnosed in 424 children; its incidence having increased from 0.2 to 4.0/10(5) in 1995. According to preliminary data for 1996, 81 childhood cancer cases were reported. During 1995 there also were increases in the incidence of endocrine and dermatologic diseases and mental disorders. During the period 1987 to 1995 significant increases in the incidences of all illnesses were observed for children listed in the Chernobyl registry. The highest incidence rates were found in evacuated children and those residing in contaminated areas. There also were increased incidences of thyroid and digestive organ diseases among these children and in addition, high prevalence of chronic tonsillitis and adenoiditis was observed. Since 1990 an increase of autoimmune thyroiditis has been observed. The highest rates of hematopoietic tissue diseases were found in children born after the accident to irradiated parents. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Lomat, L AU - Galburt, G AU - Quastel, M R AU - Polyakov, S AU - Okeanov, A AU - Rozin, S AD - Belarus Center for Medical Technologies, Minsk, Republic of Belarus, belcmt@belcmt.belpak.minsk.by Y1 - 1997/12// PY - 1997 DA - Dec 1997 SP - 1529 EP - 1532 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 105 IS - Suppl 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Environment Abstracts KW - Belarus KW - Ukraine, Chernobyl KW - Data processing KW - Thyroid KW - Children KW - Organs KW - Thyroiditis KW - Cancer KW - Nuclear power plants KW - Accidents KW - Mental disorders KW - Radioactive fallout KW - thyroid cancer KW - Hemopoiesis KW - Tonsillitis KW - mental disorders KW - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21257824?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Incidence+of+childhood+disease+in+Belarus+associated+with+the+Chernobyl+accident.&rft.au=Lomat%2C+L%3BGalburt%2C+G%3BQuastel%2C+M+R%3BPolyakov%2C+S%3BOkeanov%2C+A%3BRozin%2C+S&rft.aulast=Lomat&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1997-12-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=Suppl+6&rft.spage=1529&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mental disorders; Accidents; Data processing; thyroid cancer; Tonsillitis; Hemopoiesis; Children; Thyroiditis; Nuclear power plants; Radioactive fallout; Thyroid; Organs; mental disorders; Cancer; Belarus; Ukraine, Chernobyl ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modulation with cytokines of radiation injury: suggested mechanisms of action. AN - 21256879; 11703714 AB - Cytokines, hormonelike proteins, produced by stimulated cells and tissues, were found to protect mice against lethal hematopoietic failure caused by ionizing radiation. Radioprotection was achieved by pretreatment with interleukin-1 (IL-1), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), IL-12, or stem cell factor (SCF) at 18 to 24 hr before irradiation. Pretreatment with antibodies to these cytokines rendered the mice more susceptible to radiation lethality, indicating that these cytokines play a role in innate resistance to radiation. In contrast, treatment with tumor growth factor beta (TGF-beta), a cytokine that inhibits cycling of primitive hematopoietic progenitors, sensitized mice to radiation lethality. The schedule of IL-1 administration was critical to its radioprotective effect. Evidence was obtained that this may be based on the induction of additional cytokines by IL-1. The radioprotective effects of cytokines can be based on induction of cycling of primitive progenitor cells (IL-1, SCF), prevention of apoptosis (SCF), and induction of scavenging proteins and enzymes (IL-1, TNF) that reduce oxidative damage. In contrast, radiosensitizing effects may be due to inhibition of progenitor cycling (TGF-beta) or enhanced progenitor cell apoptosis (TGF-beta). Thus, the insights gained from such studies at the whole-animal level promise a better understanding of the membrane and intracellular events associated with radiation damage and repair of such damage. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Neta, R AD - Office of International Health Programs, U.S. Department of Energy, Germantown, MD 20874, USA, ruth.neta@eh.doe.gov Y1 - 1997/12// PY - 1997 DA - Dec 1997 SP - 1463 EP - 1465 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 105 IS - Suppl 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Membranes KW - stem cells KW - Ionizing radiation KW - prevention KW - Proteins KW - Enzymes KW - Mice KW - tumors KW - growth factors KW - ENA 14:Radiological Contamination UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21256879?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Modulation+with+cytokines+of+radiation+injury%3A+suggested+mechanisms+of+action.&rft.au=Neta%2C+R&rft.aulast=Neta&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1997-12-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=Suppl+6&rft.spage=1463&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Membranes; stem cells; Ionizing radiation; prevention; Enzymes; Proteins; tumors; Mice; growth factors ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular changes in the offspring of liquidators who emigrated to Israel from the Chernobyl disaster area. AN - 21255793; 11704951 AB - The primary goal of this research was to reveal de novo mutations in the liquidators (cleanup personnel) who emigrated to Israel from the Chernobyl disaster area. We used genome fingerprinting simple sequence repeat-anchored polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and random amplified polymorphic DNA PCR (RAPD PCR). The methodology involved a combination of RAPD PCR, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and silver staining, with arbitrarily primed PCR. Use of microsatellite markers appears to be the most promising technique for high sensitivity analysis. The analysis involved DNA isolated from the blood of experimental and control subjects (involving both offspring who were born before or after the disaster and their parents). Our studies have reproducibly detected new bands that appeared in the children born after the disaster. No such bands appeared in the children born in the same family before the accident or in the children of control families who had not been exposed to radiation. Images Figure 1. Figure 2. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Weinberg, H S AU - Nevo, E AU - Korol, A AU - Fahima, T AU - Rennert, G AU - Shapiro, S AD - Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Israel, rabi101@haifa.uvm.ac.il Y1 - 1997/12// PY - 1997 DA - Dec 1997 SP - 1479 EP - 1481 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 105 IS - Suppl 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Ukraine, Chernobyl KW - Accidents KW - Electrophoresis KW - sensitivity analysis KW - Disasters KW - DNA KW - Israel KW - Children KW - Silver KW - Mutation KW - offspring KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21255793?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Molecular+changes+in+the+offspring+of+liquidators+who+emigrated+to+Israel+from+the+Chernobyl+disaster+area.&rft.au=Weinberg%2C+H+S%3BNevo%2C+E%3BKorol%2C+A%3BFahima%2C+T%3BRennert%2C+G%3BShapiro%2C+S&rft.aulast=Weinberg&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1997-12-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=Suppl+6&rft.spage=1479&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Accidents; Electrophoresis; sensitivity analysis; DNA; Disasters; Children; Mutation; Silver; offspring; Ukraine, Chernobyl; Israel ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radon exposures in a Jerusalem public school. AN - 21253897; 11702135 AB - In December 1995, ambient radon levels exceeding 10,000 Bq/m3 were measured in a basement shelter workroom of a multilevel East Talpiot, Jerusalem, public elementary school (six grades, 600 students). The measurements were taken after cancers (breast and multiple myeloma) were diagnosed in two workers who spent their workdays in basement rooms. The school was located on a hill that geologic maps show to be rich in phosphate deposits, which are a recognized source for radon gas and its daughter products. Levels exceeding 1000,000 Bq/m3 were measured at the mouth of a pipe in the basement shelter workroom, the major point of radon entry. The school was closed and charcoal and electret ion chamber detectors were used to carry out repeated 5-day measurements in all rooms in the multilevel building over a period of several months. Radon concentrations were generally higher in rooms in the four levels of the building that were below ground level. There were some ground-level rooms in the building in which levels reached up to 1300 Bq/m3. In rooms above ground level, however, peak levels did not exceed 300 Bq/m3. Exposure control based on sealing and positive pressure ventilation was inadequate. These findings suggested that radon diffused from highly contaminated basement and ground-floor rooms to other areas of the building and that sealing off the source may have led to reaccumulation of radon beneath the building. Later, subslab venting of below-ground radon pockets to the outside air was followed by more sustained reductions in indoor radon levels to levels below 75 Bq/m3. Even so, radon accumulated in certain rooms when the building was closed. This sentinel episode called attention to the need for a national radon policy requiring threshold exposure levels for response and control. A uniform nationwide standard for school buildings below 75 Bq/m3 level was suggested after considering prudent avoidance, the controversies over risk assessment of prolonged low-level exposures in children, and the fact that exposures in most locations in the Talpiot school could be reduced below this level. Proposal of this stringent standard stimulated the search for a strategy of risk control and management based on control at the source. This strategy was more effective and probably more cost effective than one based on suppression of exposure based on sealing and ventilation. Because many Israeli areas and much of the West Bank area of the Palestinian National Authority sit on the same phosphate deposits, regional joint projects for surveillance and control may be indicated. Images Figure 1. Figure 2. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Richter, E D AU - Neeman, E AU - Fischer, I AU - Berdugo, M AU - Westin, J B AU - Kleinstern, J AU - Margaliot, M AD - Unit of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel, elir@cc.huji.ac.il Y1 - 1997/12// PY - 1997 DA - Dec 1997 SP - 1411 EP - 1416 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 105 IS - Suppl 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Charcoal KW - hills KW - Pipes KW - Ventilation KW - multiple myeloma KW - Children KW - Buildings KW - Cancer KW - Radon KW - Israel, Jerusalem KW - Phosphates KW - schools KW - Radiation measurements KW - Geology KW - Israel, Palestine, West Bank KW - Indoor environments KW - Occupational exposure KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21253897?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Radon+exposures+in+a+Jerusalem+public+school.&rft.au=Richter%2C+E+D%3BNeeman%2C+E%3BFischer%2C+I%3BBerdugo%2C+M%3BWestin%2C+J+B%3BKleinstern%2C+J%3BMargaliot%2C+M&rft.aulast=Richter&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1997-12-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=Suppl+6&rft.spage=1411&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Charcoal; Risk assessment; Pipes; hills; Ventilation; multiple myeloma; Children; Buildings; Radon; Cancer; Phosphates; schools; Radiation measurements; Geology; Indoor environments; Occupational exposure; Israel, Jerusalem; Israel, Palestine, West Bank ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bridging the gap in mental health approaches between east and west: the psychosocial consequences of radiation exposure. AN - 21252506; 11702123 AB - Mental health professionals in Western countries and the Confederation of Independent States ([CIS], the former Soviet Union) have been examining the social and psychological consequences of the 1986 Chernobyl nuclear accident on the people who lived or are living in the exposed areas. Based on reviews of the literature, papers from international conferences, and communication between researchers in various countries, different perspectives have emerged on classifying distress and disorders and designing treatment programs. The origins of these differences lie in philosophical, historical, and political developments in the West and the CIS. These different approaches often have made it difficult for mental health professionals from the CIS and the West to work together. The goal of this paper is 2-fold: to identify and recognize the main differences in these approaches and to propose specific solutions for bridging the gap. The basic approach of mental health professionals in the CIS is a physiological, nosological one--it focuses on the etiology of the illness. Although their main diagnostic tool is the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, it has undergone adaptations that reflect the Soviet medical and physiological attitude toward psychiatry. These changes have resulted in the abrogation and addition of disorder categories. For example, in the CIS edition of the ICD-9, there is no mention of post traumatic stress disorder as a distinct disorder. In contrast, in the West, the dominant approach is a symptomatic, phenomenologic one. Emphasis is placed on a dynamic understanding of the disorder and treatment is conducted by mental health professional (psychologists, social workers, psychiatrists). This contrasts with the approach used in the CIS, where psychological distress often is somaticized and treatment undertaken by physicians rather than mental health professionals. The authors of this paper call on researchers to come together and work jointly on the recognition and resolution of these differences. Then both groups will be able to offer concrete solutions and build tools that can benefit both sides. It is hoped that these new approaches will receive worldwide recognition and prove useful for other mental health professionals working with persons affected by the accident at Chernobyl. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Yevelson, I I AU - Abdelgani, A AU - Cwikel, J AU - Yevelson, I S AD - Spitzer Department of Social Work, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel. Y1 - 1997/12// PY - 1997 DA - Dec 1997 SP - 1551 EP - 1556 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 105 IS - Suppl 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Historical account KW - Ukraine, Chernobyl KW - Etiology KW - Conferences KW - Politics KW - Psychology KW - Physiology KW - Occupational safety KW - Stress KW - Concrete KW - attitudes KW - adaptability KW - Nuclear power plants KW - Accidents KW - Communications KW - Reviews KW - classification KW - mental disorders KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21252506?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Bridging+the+gap+in+mental+health+approaches+between+east+and+west%3A+the+psychosocial+consequences+of+radiation+exposure.&rft.au=Yevelson%2C+I+I%3BAbdelgani%2C+A%3BCwikel%2C+J%3BYevelson%2C+I+S&rft.aulast=Yevelson&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=1997-12-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=Suppl+6&rft.spage=1551&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Historical account; Etiology; Conferences; Psychology; Politics; Occupational safety; Physiology; Stress; Concrete; attitudes; adaptability; Nuclear power plants; Accidents; Communications; Reviews; classification; mental disorders; Ukraine, Chernobyl ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of National Immunization Days on Polio-Related Knowledge and Practice of Urban Women in Bangladesh AN - 1761689758; 199802750 AB - The impact of the 1995 National Immunization Days program in Bangladesh on polio-related knowledge & practice of urban women was examined, drawing on pre- & postcampaign interviews of 201 slum & 324 nonslum Dhaka City ever-married women with at least one child under age 5 & surveys of 51 managers from agencies involved in the organization & implementation of the vaccine services. Analysis revealed that knowledge of polio as a vaccine-preventable disease increased during National Immunization Days among both slum & nonslum women, the increase was most pronounced among slum dwellers. Nonslum women identified TV as their primary source of immunization information, while slum women identified fieldworkers as their primary source. Overall, National Immunization Days resulted in 88% of children under age 5 receiving at least one dose of oral polio vaccine & 67% receiving the two stipulated doses. No significant differences in the % of slum & nonslum children receiving two doses were found. 8 Tables, 17 References. Adapted from the source document. JF - Health Policy and Planning AU - Quaiyum, Md Abdul AU - Tunon, Cristobal AU - Baqui, Abdullah Hel AU - Quayyum, Zahidul AU - Khatun, Jahanara AD - Health & Population Extension Division International Centre Diarrhoeal Disease Research, B GPO Box 128 Dhaka 1000 Bangladesh Y1 - 1997/12// PY - 1997 DA - December 1997 SP - 363 EP - 371 VL - 12 IS - 4 SN - 0268-1080, 0268-1080 KW - Poliomyelitis KW - Information Dissemination KW - Health Behavior KW - Females KW - Health Education KW - Vaccination KW - Knowledge KW - Bangladesh KW - article KW - 6124: health care promotion/education UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1761689758?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocialservices&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+Policy+and+Planning&rft.atitle=Impact+of+National+Immunization+Days+on+Polio-Related+Knowledge+and+Practice+of+Urban+Women+in+Bangladesh&rft.au=Quaiyum%2C+Md+Abdul%3BTunon%2C+Cristobal%3BBaqui%2C+Abdullah+Hel%3BQuayyum%2C+Zahidul%3BKhatun%2C+Jahanara&rft.aulast=Quaiyum&rft.aufirst=Md&rft.date=1997-12-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=363&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+Policy+and+Planning&rft.issn=02681080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Social Services Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2016-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Health Education; Bangladesh; Poliomyelitis; Health Behavior; Vaccination; Knowledge; Information Dissemination; Females ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Horizontal patchiness in sympagic organisms of the Antarctic fast ice AN - 16518174; 4321701 AB - Patchiness in the horizontal distribution of sympagic organisms was studied at an Antarctic coastal site during autumn. A hierarchical sampling design (nested ANOVA) was used to assess variation in the biota on scales from metres to kilometres. Metazoan abundance, chlorophyll concentration and salinity were measured in 54 sea ice cores. The metazoan fauna was dominated by nauplii of the copepod Paralabidocera antarctica (6 x 10 super(4) to 4 x 10 super(5) m super(-2)). Other copepods present included Stephos longipes, Oncaea curvata, Oithona similis, Ctenocalanus citer, and unidentified harpacticoid copepods. Chlorophyll a concentrations were generally much higher than values recorded at other sites at the same time of the year, reaching a maximum of 78 mg m super(-2). Metazoan abundances did not correlate strongly with chlorophyll or salinity. Significant variability in abundance of P. antarctica and O. similis, and chlorophyll concentration occurred at the scale of kilometres, whereas salinity and other metazoan abundances were not significantly variable at any of the scales examined. Considerable variation was evident at scales of less than one metre. JF - Antarctic Science AU - Swadling, K M AU - Gibson, JAE AU - Ritz, DA AU - Nichols, P D AD - Department of Zoology, University of Tasmania, GPO Box 252-05, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia, k.swadling@utas.edu.au Y1 - 1997/12// PY - 1997 DA - Dec 1997 SP - 399 EP - 406 VL - 9 IS - 4 SN - 0954-1020, 0954-1020 KW - Antarctica KW - chlorophyll KW - sympagic organisms KW - Ecology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - D 04330:Marine KW - SW 0820:Snow, ice and frost UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16518174?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Antarctic+Science&rft.atitle=Horizontal+patchiness+in+sympagic+organisms+of+the+Antarctic+fast+ice&rft.au=Swadling%2C+K+M%3BGibson%2C+JAE%3BRitz%2C+DA%3BNichols%2C+P+D&rft.aulast=Swadling&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1997-12-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=399&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Antarctic+Science&rft.issn=09541020&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Species composition, biomass and vertical distribution of micronekton over the mid-slope region off southern Tasmania, Australia AN - 16440345; 4339456 AB - Seasonal sampling was carried out based on day/night, vertically stratified tows (100 or 125 m strata) in the upper 900 m of the water column over the mid-slope commercial fishing grounds south of Tasmania. A large midwater trawl (105 m super(2) mouth area) was used with an opening/closing cod-end. Subtropical convergence and subtropical species dominated the fauna, but many less abundant, more widely-distributed species were also present. Fishes, which contributed 89% of micronekton biomass and 135 of 178 species, were dominated by the Myctophidae (48% biomass and 48 species). Twenty micronekton species made up 80% of the total biomass. Overall, the micronekton fish biomass in this region was 2.2 g m super(-2) wet weight. A pronounced day/night shift in the distribution of biomass was attributable to diel migratory species. During the day, <0.2% of the total micronekton biomass was found in 0 to 300 m; most biomass was below 400 m, with peaks at 400 to 525 m and 775 to 900 m. At night, 53% of the biomass was found in 0 to 300 m, with progressively less in each deeper stratum. The vertical ranges of individual species typically exceeded 400 to 500 m during the day and night and were non-coincident, although nyctoepipelagic migrators were concentrated in the surface 200 m at night. Distinct epipelagic, lower and upper mesopelagic assemblages were identified, and patterns of epipelagic migration, limited migration and non-migration were categorised for species from each of the lower and upper mesopelagic assemblages. The vertical distribution of these assemblages was coincident with the primary water masses: subantarctic mode water (\sim250 to 600 m) and antarctic intermediate water (below \sim700 m). The flux of migrating micronekton, estimated at 0.94 to 3.36 g C m super(-2) yr super(-1) to the lower mesopelagic and 1.14 to 4.06 g C m super(-2) yr super(-1) to the upper mesopelagic, appeared to be considerably outweighed by the consumption needs of aggregated mid-slope benthopelagic predators. We suggest that advection of mesopelagic prey in antarctic intermediate water may sustain aggregated populations of orange roughy (Hoplostethus atlanticus) and other predators on the micronekton in mid-slope depths at this site. JF - Marine Biology AU - Williams, A AU - Koslow, JA AD - CSIRO Div. Mar. Res., GPO Box 1538, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia Y1 - 1997/12// PY - 1997 DA - Dec 1997 SP - 259 EP - 276 VL - 130 IS - 2 SN - 0025-3162, 0025-3162 KW - Australia, Tasmania KW - biomass KW - species composition KW - vertical distribution KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04330:Marine UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16440345?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Biology&rft.atitle=Species+composition%2C+biomass+and+vertical+distribution+of+micronekton+over+the+mid-slope+region+off+southern+Tasmania%2C+Australia&rft.au=Williams%2C+A%3BKoslow%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1997-12-01&rft.volume=130&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=259&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Biology&rft.issn=00253162&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sensitivity of the Antarctic sea ice distribution to its advection in a general circulation model AN - 16417748; 4321705 AB - A dynamic-thermodynamic sea ice model is used and coupled with an atmospheric general circulation model to simulate the seasonal cycle of the global sea ice distribution. We have run the coupled system and obtain a creditable seasonal simulation of the Antarctic sea ice. To understand the role of ice advection on the seasonal cycle of Antarctic sea ice in the coupled system, results from the thermodynamic-only (T) sea ice model have been compared with those from the dynamic thermodynamic (DT) sea ice model. The seasonal cycle of sea ice differs between the two models. When ice motion is eliminated sea ice becomes more compact and thinner, and sea ice is more extensive in summer. A number of previous studies have examined the effect of ice dynamics on sea ice simulations with prescribed atmospheric conditions. Here experiments have been performed with a fully coupled atmosphere sea ice system and also using prescribed daily atmospheric forcing and monthly mean atmospheric forcing, to examine the differences of the sensitivity of the ice advection between the coupled and forcing models. Similar differences have been observed between DT and T in the forcing models but the magnitude is smaller than in the fully coupled model, and with monthly mean atmospheric forcing the difference is least. These differences highlight the importance of the inclusion of ice advection when undertaking studies using a fully interactive atmosphere sea ice model, or using prescribed daily/monthly atmospheric conditions to force a sea ice model for the Antarctic. JF - Antarctic Science AU - Wu, Xingren AU - Budd, W F AU - Simmonds, I AD - Antarctic CRC and Australian Antarctic Division, GPO Box 252-80, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia Y1 - 1997/12// PY - 1997 DA - Dec 1997 SP - 445 EP - 455 VL - 9 IS - 4 SN - 0954-1020, 0954-1020 KW - Antarctic KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - SW 0820:Snow, ice and frost UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16417748?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Antarctic+Science&rft.atitle=Sensitivity+of+the+Antarctic+sea+ice+distribution+to+its+advection+in+a+general+circulation+model&rft.au=Wu%2C+Xingren%3BBudd%2C+W+F%3BSimmonds%2C+I&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=Xingren&rft.date=1997-12-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=445&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Antarctic+Science&rft.issn=09541020&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating stand water use of large mountain ash trees and validation the sap flow measurement technique AN - 16334851; 4266468 AB - Mountain ash (Eucalyptus regnans F.J. Muell.) forest catchments exhibit a strong relationship between stand age and runoff, attributed inter alia to differences in tree water use. However, the tree water use component of the mountain ash forest water balance is poorly quantified. We have used the sap flow technique to obtain estimates of daily water use in large mountain ash trees. First, the sap flow technique was validated by means of an in situ cut tree experiment. Close agreement was obtained between the sap flow estimate of water use and the actual uptake of water by the tree from a reservoir. Second, we compared the variability in sap velocity between a symmetric and an asymmetric tree by using multiple sap flow loggers. In the symmetric tree, velocity was fairly uniform throughout the xylem during the day, indicating that accurate sap flow estimates can be obtained with a minimal number of sampling points. However, large variations in sap velocity were observed in the asymmetric tree, indicating that much larger sampling sizes are required in asymmetric stems for an accurate determination of mean sap velocity. Finally, we compared two procedures for scaling individual tree sap flow estimates to the stand level based on stem diameter and leaf area index measurements. The first procedure was based on a regression between stem diameter and tree water use, developed on a small sample of trees and applied to a stand-level census of stem diameter values. Inputs to the second procedure were tree water use and leaf area of a single tree and the leaf area index of the stand. The two procedures yielded similar results; however, the first procedure was more robust but it required more sampling effort than the second procedure. JF - Tree Physiology AU - Vertessy, R A AU - Hatton, T J AU - Reece, P AU - O'Sullivan, S K AU - Benyon, R G AD - CSIRO Land and Water, GPO Box 1666, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia Y1 - 1997/12// PY - 1997 DA - Dec 1997 SP - 747 EP - 756 VL - 17 IS - 12 SN - 0829-318X, 0829-318X KW - data acquisition KW - mountain ash trees KW - sap flow KW - water relations KW - Ecology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - D 04001:Methodology - general KW - SW 0860:Water and plants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16334851?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tree+Physiology&rft.atitle=Estimating+stand+water+use+of+large+mountain+ash+trees+and+validation+the+sap+flow+measurement+technique&rft.au=Vertessy%2C+R+A%3BHatton%2C+T+J%3BReece%2C+P%3BO%27Sullivan%2C+S+K%3BBenyon%2C+R+G&rft.aulast=Vertessy&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1997-12-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=747&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Tree+Physiology&rft.issn=0829318X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Movements and habitat use of the queen scallop, Equichlamys bifrons, in the D'Entrecasteaux Channel and Huon River estuary, Tasmania AN - 16286252; 4291652 AB - Movements and habitat use of the queen scallop, Equichlamys bifrons, were investigated in the D'Entrecasteaux Channel and Huon River estuary, Tasmania. Movements in E. bifrons were very local. In areas of strong current flow, movement occurred predominantly along the axis of the water current. There was evidence for an up-slope movement in areas of weak current flow. In sheltered bays, E. bifrons occurs more frequently in seagrass beds than on adjacent sand areas. Possible reasons for this distribution were investigated with both tethered and tagged scallops. Predation by the 11-armed spiny starfish, Coscinasterias muricata, and the octopus, Octopus maorum, on scallops was much higher on sand than in seagrass. Tagged scallops moved from sand areas to seagrass areas, but not from seagrass to sand. JF - Journal of Shellfish Research AU - Wolf, B M AU - White, RWG AD - Fish Res. Group, Dep. Zool., Univ. Tasmania, GPO Box 252C, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia Y1 - 1997/12// PY - 1997 DA - Dec 1997 SP - 533 EP - 539 VL - 16 IS - 2 SN - 0730-8000, 0730-8000 KW - Australia, Tasmania KW - habitat selection KW - movements KW - predation KW - Animal Behavior Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Marine KW - PSE, Australia, Tasmania, D'Entrecasteaux Channel KW - Equichlamys bifrons KW - Predation KW - Habitat selection KW - Local movements KW - Marine molluscs KW - Coscinasterias muricata KW - Octopus maorum KW - PSE, Australia, Tasmania, Huon Estuary KW - D 04658:Molluscs KW - Q1 08422:Environmental effects KW - Y 25652:Invertebrates (excluding insects) KW - O 1030:Invertebrates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16286252?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Shellfish+Research&rft.atitle=Movements+and+habitat+use+of+the+queen+scallop%2C+Equichlamys+bifrons%2C+in+the+D%27Entrecasteaux+Channel+and+Huon+River+estuary%2C+Tasmania&rft.au=Wolf%2C+B+M%3BWhite%2C+RWG&rft.aulast=Wolf&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1997-12-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=533&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Shellfish+Research&rft.issn=07308000&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Local movements; Predation; Marine molluscs; Habitat selection; Equichlamys bifrons; Coscinasterias muricata; Octopus maorum; PSE, Australia, Tasmania, D'Entrecasteaux Channel; PSE, Australia, Tasmania, Huon Estuary; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multivariate statistical analysis of environmental monitoring data AN - 16237346; 4223723 AB - EPA requires statistical procedures to determine whether soil or ground water adjacent to or below waste units is contaminated. These statistical procedures are often based on comparisons between two sets of data: one representing background conditions, and one representing site conditions. Since statistical requirements were originally promulgated in the 1980s, EPA has made several improvements and modifications. There are, however, problems which remain. One problem is that the regulations do not require a minimum probability that contaminated sites will be correctly identified. Another problem is that the effect of testing several correlated constituents on the probable outcome of the statistical tests has not been quantified. Results from computer simulations to determine power functions for realistic monitoring situations are presented here. Power functions for two different statistical procedures: the Student's t-test, and the multivariate Hotelling's T super(2) test, are compared. The comparisons indicate that the multivariate test is often more powerful when the tests are applied with significance levels to control the probability of falsely identifying clean sites as contaminated. This program could also be used to verify that statistical procedures achieve some minimum power standard at a regulated waste unit. JF - Ground Water AU - Ross, D L AD - Glenrose Eng., 1711 S. Congress Ave., Suite 201, Austin, TX 78704, USA Y1 - 1997/12// PY - 1997 DA - Dec 1997 SP - 1050 EP - 1057 VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - SW 5080:Evaluation, processing and publication UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16237346?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water&rft.atitle=Multivariate+statistical+analysis+of+environmental+monitoring+data&rft.au=Ross%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Ross&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1997-12-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1050&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Contact: Ground Water Publishing Co., 6375 Riverside Dr., Dublin, OH 43017 (USA). PH: (800) 332-2104. FAX: (614) 761-3446. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Host-pathogen dynamics in a metapopulation context: The ecological and evolutionary consequences of being spatial AN - 16213239; 4279950 AB - The metapopulation concept is useful when considering ecological and evolutionary dynamics of spatially structured populations. However, debate has focused on genetic variation that is neutral rather than under selection. This distinction is particularly important in antagonistic or co-evolutionary interactions such as host-pathogen or predator-prey systems. Plant host-pathogen systems provide some of the best examples of studies in which numerical and genetic dynamics have been investigated in a spatially explicit context, and where genes under selection can be unambiguously identified. Empirical studies of natural host-pathogen interactions have shown that, while in some cases pathogens appear to be locally adapted to their hosts, in others there is no local correspondence between resistance and virulence genes. Recent theory suggests that the dynamics (epidemic vs. endemic) and migration rates of host and pathogen will be important factors in the maintenance of genetic polymorphisms in resistance and virulence. We argue that the relative spatial scales at which hosts and pathogens interact are crucial to understanding the evolution of resistance/virulence structure. Pathogens that disperse further than their hosts will be more likely to show gene-for-gene interactions than pathogens dispersing over spatial scales similar to or smaller than their hosts. We predict that life-history features that influence encounter rates between specific host and pathogen genotypes will be important factors in determining the evolution of resistance-virulence structures. In particular, we would expect correlative and/or causal relationships between pathogen life-history features [e.g. local vs. systemic infection, type (fecundity vs. mortality) and severity of effects], and whether dynamics are endemic or epidemic. Plant host-pathogen systems provide ideal models for investigating the evolution of non-neutral genetic variation in spatial systems. Understanding the co-evolution of such systems will require research programmes that integrate long-term descriptive and experimental studies of multiple populations, with analytical and computer simulation modelling and comparative/phylogenetic studies. JF - Journal of Ecology AU - Thrall, PH AU - Burdon, J J AD - Cent. for Plant Biodiversity Res., CSIRO Plant Ind., GPO Box 1600, Canberra City, ACT 2601, Australia Y1 - 1997/12// PY - 1997 DA - Dec 1997 SP - 743 EP - 753 VL - 85 IS - 6 SN - 0022-0477, 0022-0477 KW - dispersal KW - evolution KW - genetic variance KW - host-pathogen interactions KW - plants KW - population structure KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04615:Ecology studies - general UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16213239?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Ecology&rft.atitle=Host-pathogen+dynamics+in+a+metapopulation+context%3A+The+ecological+and+evolutionary+consequences+of+being+spatial&rft.au=Thrall%2C+PH%3BBurdon%2C+J+J&rft.aulast=Thrall&rft.aufirst=PH&rft.date=1997-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=743&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Ecology&rft.issn=00220477&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Increased nest cofounding and high intra-colony relatedness in the bee Exoneura bicolor (Hymenoptera: Apidae): Results from an experimental situation AN - 16211080; 4274449 AB - Identifying differences in a key social trait between two populations of the same species is important for understanding the evolution of sociality. Previous studies of new colonies in Exoneura bicolor, an Australian allodapine bee, have shown that there are high levels of kin cofounding in a montane population. The only study to examine intra-colony relatedness in a heathland population has found that new multifemale colonies are not formed by kin. In this study we used an experiment to investigate both cofounding behaviour and intra-colony relatedness in E. bicolor from a heathland population. Nest substrate was placed either 0.05 or 1 m distant from source nests in a novel environment. Although there were no differences in cofounding rate or intra-colony relatedness between the two treatments there was, overall, a high rate of cofounding: 53% of new nests were multifemale, approximately twice as high as found in previous field-based studies. Relatedness among cofoundresses was not only different from zero, r plus or minus SE = 0.597 plus or minus 0.097, but almost identical to that found in montane populations. A constraint, such as nest substrate distribution, is suggested as a proximate factor affecting the expression of cofounding behaviour in E. bicolor. The implication of such proximate constraints for inferring the phylogenetic origins of social behaviour is discussed. JF - Australian Journal of Ecology AU - Hurst, P S AU - Gray, S AU - Schwarz, M P AU - Tilly, JA AU - Foran, A C AU - Adams, M AD - Sch. Biol. Sci., Flinders Univ. South Australia, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia Y1 - 1997/12// PY - 1997 DA - Dec 1997 SP - 419 EP - 424 VL - 22 IS - 4 SN - 0307-692X, 0307-692X KW - Australia KW - Bumble bees KW - Euglossine KW - Euglossines KW - Honey bees KW - Hymenoptera KW - Stingless bees KW - genetic relationship KW - nesting behavior KW - Animal Behavior Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - Z 05208:Social entomology KW - D 04659:Insects KW - Y 25423:Insects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16211080?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+Journal+of+Ecology&rft.atitle=Increased+nest+cofounding+and+high+intra-colony+relatedness+in+the+bee+Exoneura+bicolor+%28Hymenoptera%3A+Apidae%29%3A+Results+from+an+experimental+situation&rft.au=Hurst%2C+P+S%3BGray%2C+S%3BSchwarz%2C+M+P%3BTilly%2C+JA%3BForan%2C+A+C%3BAdams%2C+M&rft.aulast=Hurst&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1997-12-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=419&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australian+Journal+of+Ecology&rft.issn=0307692X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dietary Lead Intakes for Mother/Child Pairs and Relevance to Pharmacokinetic Models AN - 14483775; 10546602 AB - Ten mother/child pairs were monitored for up to 24 months to evaluate the impact of absorption of dietary lead during middle childhood compared with adults' absorption and to determine its impact on the Pb burden of children versus adults. Blood and environmental samples, including a quarterly 6-d duplicate diet, were monitored. Nine of the pairs had migrated from Eastern Europe to Australia, and the tenth was used as an Australian control. Results showed that, in seven out of the ten cases, the mean blood Pb of the child was greater than that of the mother. The mean daily intake of Pb for the children and mothers was 0.21 and 0.11 mu g/kg/d, respectively. When the data were pooled, there was a statistically significant correlation for mother bloodfood in isotopic Pb composition, but not for the child. In spite of considerable changes in average dietary intake, changes in the dietary isotopic composition, and dietary intake of Pb/kg body weight between the mothers and children, the absorption rate of Pb from dietary sources was found to be similar for adults and children 6 yr of age and older. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Gulson, Brian L AU - Mahaffey, Kathryn R AU - Jameson, CWilliam AU - Vidal, Montserrat AU - Law, Alistair J AU - Mizon, Karen J AU - Smith, Andrew JM Y1 - 1997/12// PY - 1997 DA - Dec 1997 SP - 1334 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 105 IS - 12 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - BLOOD LEAD LEVEL KW - DIET KW - AGE COMPARISONS KW - AUSTRALIA KW - BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN KW - FOOD ANALYSIS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14483775?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Dietary+Lead+Intakes+for+Mother%2FChild+Pairs+and+Relevance+to+Pharmacokinetic+Models&rft.au=Gulson%2C+Brian+L%3BMahaffey%2C+Kathryn+R%3BJameson%2C+CWilliam%3BVidal%2C+Montserrat%3BLaw%2C+Alistair+J%3BMizon%2C+Karen+J%3BSmith%2C+Andrew+JM&rft.aulast=Gulson&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.date=1997-12-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1334&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 2 |t diagrams N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - BLOOD LEAD LEVEL; FOOD ANALYSIS; DIET; AGE COMPARISONS; AUSTRALIA; BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Plane Pollution AN - 14483747; 10546598 AB - Airports are known to be major sources of noise, water, and air pollution, as carbon dioxide, VOCs, and nitrogen oxides are pumped into the atmosphere, and toxic chemicals are dumped into waterways. Data from the literature are cited in an assessment of these environmental problems and how to mitigate them. Efforts to reduce noise, air, and water pollution problems at various airports are described. With the projected doubling of passenger air traffic in the US over the next 20 yr, the environmental impact of airports will continue to increase unless strong actions are taken at the local, state, and national levels. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Holzman, David Y1 - 1997/12// PY - 1997 DA - Dec 1997 SP - 1300 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 105 IS - 12 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - MITIGATIVE MEASURES KW - AIR POLLUTION KW - NOISE POLLUTION KW - AIRPORTS KW - WATER POLLUTION KW - ENV CONSTRAINTS, TRANSPORT KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14483747?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Plane+Pollution&rft.au=Holzman%2C+David&rft.aulast=Holzman&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1997-12-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1300&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 2 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - NOISE POLLUTION; MITIGATIVE MEASURES; AIR POLLUTION; AIRPORTS; WATER POLLUTION; ENV CONSTRAINTS, TRANSPORT ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An Alternative Approach for Investigating the Carcinogenicity of Indoor Air Pollution: Pets as Sentinels of Environmental Cancer Risk AN - 14483213; 10546599 AB - Rodent bioassays and human observational epidemiology have been used traditionally to investigate the carcinogenicity of indoor air pollution. A third approach is described, involving pet epidemiology, which uses naturally occurring cancers in pet animals as surrogates of human cancer risk. The limitations of rodent bioassays and traditional epidemiology are outlined, and the history, advantages, and limitations of pet epidemiology are discussed. It is argued that well-designed pet epidemiology studies, particularly those using dogs, can add significantly to the weight of evidence concerning the environmental causes of cancer in both animals and humans. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Bukowski, John A AU - Wartenberg, Daniel Y1 - 1997/12// PY - 1997 DA - Dec 1997 SP - 1312 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 105 IS - 12 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - CANCER RISK KW - AIR POLLUTION EFFECTS KW - DOMESTIC ANIMALS KW - BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS, AIR KW - AIR POLLUTION, INDOOR KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14483213?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=An+Alternative+Approach+for+Investigating+the+Carcinogenicity+of+Indoor+Air+Pollution%3A+Pets+as+Sentinels+of+Environmental+Cancer+Risk&rft.au=Bukowski%2C+John+A%3BWartenberg%2C+Daniel&rft.aulast=Bukowski&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1997-12-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1312&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t Tables N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - CANCER RISK; AIR POLLUTION EFFECTS; DOMESTIC ANIMALS; BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS, AIR; AIR POLLUTION, INDOOR ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lead Poisoning-One Approach to a Problem That Won't Go Away AN - 14483188; 10546597 AB - Because of the persistence of lead in various environmental sources and its long skeletal half-life, skeletal Pb concentrations invariably increase with age. It has been hypothesized, however, that the high rate of bone remodeling during childhood, and the consequent high calcium and Pb turnover, result in a substantial reduction in bone Pb stores so that much of the Pb incorporated into bone during childhood does not persist into adulthood. Evidence from the literature is cited in a discussion of how increasing dietary Ca intake can reduce Pb adsorption and toxicity. Unfortunately, dietary intakes of Ca for most Americans fall well below guidelines, especially for African-American children and adults. It is recommended to increase dietary Ca intakes, not as an alternative to reduce Pb exposure from paint and other sources, but as an additional approach to be used in conjunction with other preventive strategies. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Bogden, John D AU - Oleske, James M AU - Louria, Donald B Y1 - 1997/12// PY - 1997 DA - Dec 1997 SP - 1284 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 105 IS - 12 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - CALCIUM KW - LEAD KW - NUTRITION KW - BONE GROWTH KW - BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14483188?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Lead+Poisoning-One+Approach+to+a+Problem+That+Won%27t+Go+Away&rft.au=Bogden%2C+John+D%3BOleske%2C+James+M%3BLouria%2C+Donald+B&rft.aulast=Bogden&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1997-12-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1284&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 45 |t References N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - CALCIUM; NUTRITION; LEAD; BONE GROWTH; BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil Ingestion: a Concern for Acute Toxicity in Children AN - 14482609; 10546604 AB - Several studies have indicated that soil-ingestion episodes may involve soil quantities greater than 5 g. Results are presented from a preliminary assessment of the risks posed by soil contaminants at contemporary guidance concentrations when there is soil pica, which is the term used for soil ingestion. Only acute toxicity information derived from clinical studies or case reports was used in the analysis. Thirteen chemicals were evaluated: antimony, arsenic, barium, cadmium, copper, cyanide, fluoride, lead, naphthalene, nickel, pentachlorophenol, phenol, and vanadium. The results strongly suggest that the current methodology for calculating risk-based soil-screening levels and clean-up goals based on chronic-exposure assumptions may not adequately protect children exhibiting soil pica behavior. Depending on the magnitude of soil ingested and the specific contaminant, a soil pica episode may result in the ingestion of doses similar to, or greater than, those observed in clinical reports to produce severe toxicity. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Calabrese, Edward J AU - Stanek, Edward J AU - James, Robert C AU - Roberts, Stephen M Y1 - 1997/12// PY - 1997 DA - Dec 1997 SP - 1354 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 105 IS - 12 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - RISK ASSESSMENT KW - SOIL CONTAMINATION KW - PATHOLOGY, CHILDREN KW - CHEMICAL CONTAMINATION KW - BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14482609?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Soil+Ingestion%3A+a+Concern+for+Acute+Toxicity+in+Children&rft.au=Calabrese%2C+Edward+J%3BStanek%2C+Edward+J%3BJames%2C+Robert+C%3BRoberts%2C+Stephen+M&rft.aulast=Calabrese&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft.date=1997-12-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1354&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t Tables N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; SOIL CONTAMINATION; PATHOLOGY, CHILDREN; CHEMICAL CONTAMINATION; BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Persistent Learning Deficits in Rats After Exposure to Pfiesteria piscicida AN - 14482043; 10546600 AB - Pfiesteria piscicida is a newly recognized toxic dinoflagelate species, which inhabits estuarine and coastal waters of the Mid-Atlantic and Southeastern US. The species exhibits at least 24 distinct life stages, but the small flagellated vegetative form has been associated with the most lethal toxic effects. The radial-arm maze was used to assess spatial learning and memory in rats after exposure to P. piscicida. In addition, a functional observational battery was used. Results showed a significant P. piscicida-induced impairment in learning, which was observed in two different radial-arm maze tasks, and these cognitive deficits persisted up to ten weeks after exposure. Most of the measures on the functional observational battery did not detect any difference between the P. piscicida-treated rats and controls, but at the highest exposure, effects were observed that were related to habituation, a simple form of learning. There were no signs of obvious toxicity or compromised health in the treated rats. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Levin, Edward D AU - Schmechel, Donald E AU - Burkholder, JoAnn M AU - Glasgow, Howard B AU - Deamer-Melia, Nora J AU - Moser, Virginia C AU - Harry, GJean Y1 - 1997/12// PY - 1997 DA - Dec 1997 SP - 1320 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 105 IS - 12 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - PLANKTON KW - PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS KW - PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES, ANIMAL KW - MARINE ORGANISMS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14482043?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Persistent+Learning+Deficits+in+Rats+After+Exposure+to+Pfiesteria+piscicida&rft.au=Levin%2C+Edward+D%3BSchmechel%2C+Donald+E%3BBurkholder%2C+JoAnn+M%3BGlasgow%2C+Howard+B%3BDeamer-Melia%2C+Nora+J%3BMoser%2C+Virginia+C%3BHarry%2C+GJean&rft.aulast=Levin&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft.date=1997-12-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1320&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 4 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - PLANKTON; PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS; PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES, ANIMAL; MARINE ORGANISMS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Health Advisories for Consumers of Great Lakes Sport Fish: Is the Message Being Received? AN - 14481918; 10546605 JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Tilden, John AU - Hanrahan, Lawrence P AU - Anderson, Henry AU - Palit, Charles AU - Olson, Joseph AU - Mac Kenzie, William Y1 - 1997/12// PY - 1997 DA - Dec 1997 SP - 1360 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 105 IS - 12 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - PUBLIC HEALTH KW - CHEMICAL CONTAMINATION CONTROL KW - INFORMATION, ENV KW - GREAT LAKES KW - FOOD CONTAMINATION KW - FISHING, SPORT KW - FISH, FRESHWATER KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14481918?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Health+Advisories+for+Consumers+of+Great+Lakes+Sport+Fish%3A+Is+the+Message+Being+Received%3F&rft.au=Tilden%2C+John%3BHanrahan%2C+Lawrence+P%3BAnderson%2C+Henry%3BPalit%2C+Charles%3BOlson%2C+Joseph%3BMac+Kenzie%2C+William&rft.aulast=Tilden&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1997-12-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1360&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - FISHING, SPORT; PUBLIC HEALTH; FISH, FRESHWATER; CHEMICAL CONTAMINATION CONTROL; INFORMATION, ENV; GREAT LAKES; FOOD CONTAMINATION ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dioxinlike Components in Incinerator Fly Ash: a Comparison Between Chemical Analysis Data and Results from a Cell Culture Bioassay AN - 14480988; 10546601 AB - Flyash samples from municipal-waste incinerators, a crematorium, wood combustors, and a noble-metal-recycling facility were analyzed for the presence of potent PCDDs, PCDFs, dioxin-like PCBs, and PAHs, and the chemical data were compared with results from parallel experiments that utilized the ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) bioassay in rat hepatocyte culture. The EROD toxic equivalence values were compared with the chemical toxic equivalence values. Results showed that EROD activity in rat hepatocyte cultures was inducible with extracts from all flyash samples studied. The concentration of potent PCDDs/PCDFs and dioxin-like PCBs, expressed as chemical toxic equivalents/g flyash, varied considerably between the samples, even samples from different incinerators of different design in the same plant. The EROD-toxic equivalence values in many instances were found to be about 25 times higher than those calculated from the chemical data. It was also found that PAHs and unidentified components with dioxin-like activity could have contributed to the difference. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Till, Markus AU - Behnisch, Peter AU - Hagenmaier, Hanspaul AU - Bock, Karl Walter AU - Schrenk, Dieter Y1 - 1997/12// PY - 1997 DA - Dec 1997 SP - 1326 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 105 IS - 12 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS KW - FLYASH KW - TOXIC SUBSTANCES KW - BIOASSAY KW - INCINERATORS KW - POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON KW - DIOXINS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14480988?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Dioxinlike+Components+in+Incinerator+Fly+Ash%3A+a+Comparison+Between+Chemical+Analysis+Data+and+Results+from+a+Cell+Culture+Bioassay&rft.au=Till%2C+Markus%3BBehnisch%2C+Peter%3BHagenmaier%2C+Hanspaul%3BBock%2C+Karl+Walter%3BSchrenk%2C+Dieter&rft.aulast=Till&rft.aufirst=Markus&rft.date=1997-12-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1326&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 10 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS; TOXIC SUBSTANCES; FLYASH; BIOASSAY; DIOXINS; INCINERATORS; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biological Monitoring of Organophosphorus Pesticide Exposure Among Children of Agricultural Workers in Central Washington State AN - 14480489; 10546603 AB - Biological monitoring was used to determine the extent to which children of pesticide applicators in Washington State are exposed to organophosphorus pesticides. Urinary metabolite levels of the pesticides in children living with occupationally exposed parents were determined and compared with a reference population. Results showed that children of pesticide applicators had higher urinary biomarker levels of organophosphorus pesticides than reference children. The variability in biomarker concentrations for the applicator children was observed to increase over the sampling period, regardless of the time of individual visits during the spray cycle. A marginally significant trend of decreasing concentration with increasing age was found, as children 34 yr of age had significantly higher exposures than children 56 yr of age. The closer a child lived to a sprayed orchard, the greater the exposure. Overall, however, levels of dimethylthiophosphate, which was the dominant metabolite, in children were relatively low compared with agricultural worker exposures, as the levels never exceeded 0.5 mu g/l. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Loewenherz, Carrie AU - Fenske, Richard A AU - Simcox, Nancy J AU - Bellamy, Garland AU - Kalman, David Y1 - 1997/12// PY - 1997 DA - Dec 1997 SP - 1344 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 105 IS - 12 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - ORCHARDS KW - WASHINGTON STATE KW - BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN KW - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL KW - PATHOLOGY, CHILDREN KW - ORGANOPHOSPHORUS KW - PESTICIDE EXPOSURE KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14480489?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Biological+Monitoring+of+Organophosphorus+Pesticide+Exposure+Among+Children+of+Agricultural+Workers+in+Central+Washington+State&rft.au=Loewenherz%2C+Carrie%3BFenske%2C+Richard+A%3BSimcox%2C+Nancy+J%3BBellamy%2C+Garland%3BKalman%2C+David&rft.aulast=Loewenherz&rft.aufirst=Carrie&rft.date=1997-12-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1344&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 3 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL; ORCHARDS; WASHINGTON STATE; PATHOLOGY, CHILDREN; ORGANOPHOSPHORUS; PESTICIDE EXPOSURE; BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN ER - TY - GEN T1 - Amending the Indian Child Welfare Act of 1978, and for Other Purposes. Senate Report To Accompany S. 569. 105th Congress, 1st Session. AN - 62528145; ED420465 AB - In this report, the Senate Committee on Indian Affairs reports favorably on Senate Bill 569 to amend the Indian Child Welfare Act (ICWA) of 1978 and recommends its passage with an amendment. In enacting ICWA, Congress sought to: (1) protect the relationship between Indian children and their parents; (2) affirm the tribal right to participate meaningfully in placement decisions affecting Indian children; (3) preserve each Indian child's Indian heritage and, if possible, specific tribal affiliation; and (4) provide an orderly mechanism for resolving questions concerning state and tribal jurisdiction over Indian children. The purpose of Senate Bill 569 is to amend ICWA to provide additional procedures applicable to voluntary Indian child custody proceedings. These procedures will help ensure greater certainty, stability, and finality in child custody determinations without compromising the meaningful participation of tribes in Indian child placement decisions, a vital aspect of tribal sovereignty. Following the text of the bill, this report includes purposes of the bill, background on federal Indian child welfare policy in relation to ICWA's four objectives listed above, procedures applicable to ICWA, need for legislation, description of the substantive amendments (which place time restrictions on tribal and family intervention and provide for visitation agreements), summary of provisions, legislative history, section-by-section analysis, cost and budgetary considerations, executive communications, and changes in existing law. (SV) Y1 - 1997/11/13/ PY - 1997 DA - 1997 Nov 13 SP - 47 KW - Congress 105th KW - Indian Child Welfare Act 1978 KW - Tribal Jurisdiction KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Due Process KW - Federal Legislation KW - Transracial Adoption KW - Adoption KW - Foster Care KW - Child Welfare KW - Adopted Children KW - Tribal Sovereignty KW - Placement KW - American Indians UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62528145?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Calendar No. 295. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Agricultural Research, Extension, and Education Reauthorization Act of 1997. Report Together with Additional Views [To accompany H.R. 2534]. House of Representatives, 105th Congress. AN - 62554669; ED415391 AB - This document contains the text of 1997 legislation to amend and reauthorize the Agricultural Research, Extension, and Education Act. The act contains five titles that cover the following: Coordination, Planning, and Definitions regarding Agricultural Research, Extension, and Education; Reform of Existing Research, Extension, and Education Authorities; Extension or Repeal of Research, Extension, and Education Initiatives; New Research, Extension, and Education Initiatives; and Miscellaneous Provisions. (KC) Y1 - 1997/11/04/ PY - 1997 DA - 1997 Nov 04 SP - 144 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. KW - Congress 105th KW - Reauthorization Legislation KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Federal Legislation KW - Educational Legislation KW - Extension Education KW - Research Projects KW - Higher Education KW - Agricultural Education KW - Secondary Education UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62554669?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - [Paramilitary Massacre in Miraflores] AN - 1679070309; CD01192 AB - Asks for information about paramilitary murder of six individuals in Miraflores, Colombia with alleged support of local military forces. AU - United States. Congress. Senate AD - United States. Congress. Senate PY - 1997 SP - 2 KW - Albright, Madeleine K. KW - Congressional relations KW - Military corruption KW - Miraflores (Colombia) KW - Paramilitary forces UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1679070309?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Adnsa_cd&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=%5BParamilitary+Massacre+in+Miraflores%5D&rft.au=United+States.+Congress.+Senate&rft.aulast=United+States.+Congress.+Senate&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1997-11-04&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Digital National Security Archive N1 - Analyte descriptor - NSA document type: Letter N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - An Analysis of Total Nonresponse in the 1993-94 Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS). Technical Report. AN - 62553686; ED414343 AB - This technical report presents results of an analysis of unit response rates for the components of the 1993-94 Schools and Staffing Surveys (SASS). The study was motivated by the general need to evaluate and improve the quality of SASS data and to identify potential sources of nonsampling error associated with nonresponse in SASS. As background, the report describes the survey design and nonresponse adjustment procedures for each of the components of the SASS. A primary focus of the analysis is to compare the response rates for known characteristics of schools, administrators, teachers, school districts, libraries, librarians, and student records, and to assess the extent and pattern of these differences. Where possible findings from the 1993-94 analyses are compared to results from an exploratory analysis of response rates from the 1990-91 SASS. In addition, the hierarchical nature of response rates is examined, and a multivariate model of unit response is developed for one of the SASS components (public schools) to explain the relationship between these factors and the level of unit response. The following chapters are included: (1) "Overview"; (2) "SASS Core Components"; (3) "New SASS Components"; (4) "Summary of Significance Tests"; (5) "Hierarchical and Cross-Classified Testing"; (6) "Measurement of the Sampling Frame and Cooperation Rates"; (7) "Nonresponse Modeling for the Public School Component"; and (8) "Highlights and Recommendations." Appendixes contain response rate tables and a description of tests of association between response status and characteristics. (Contains 80 tables, 64 figures, and 34 references.) (SLD) AU - Monaco, David AU - Salvucci, Sameena AU - Zhang, Fan AU - Hu, Mingxiu AU - Gruber, Kerry Y1 - 1997/11// PY - 1997 DA - November 1997 SP - 294 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. VL - NCES-98-243 KW - Nonresponders KW - Nonresponse Bias KW - Schools and Staffing Survey (NCES) KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Institutional Characteristics KW - Teacher Characteristics KW - Research Methodology KW - Student Characteristics KW - Response Rates (Questionnaires) KW - Error of Measurement KW - School Districts KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - National Surveys KW - Research Design KW - Multivariate Analysis KW - Public Schools KW - Libraries KW - Sampling KW - Sample Size KW - Statistical Bias UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62553686?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Health-Related Behaviours and Psycho-Social Characteristics of 18 Year-Old Australians AN - 61458336; 9808066 AB - Psychosocial variables associated with health-related behaviors in terms of diet, exercise, alcohol consumption, & smoking are examined, drawing on 1994 questionnaire & interview data from 583 Australians, age 18, who had been surveyed periodically since 1985. Barriers to changing behavior are identified, & the role of self-efficacy as a predictor of choosing healthy behaviors is measured. Findings revealed gender differences in depression related to health behaviors, eg, higher depressive affect among female smokers & drinkers, & an inverse relationship between depression scores & self-efficacy in diet, exercise, & alcohol & tobacco use in both sexes. Depressive behavior should be further evaluated & addressed in efforts to promote health among youth. These efforts should also concentrate on increasing self-efficacy & addressing barriers to change, & consider gender effects in attitudes & the influence of depression & Type A behaviors on health. 6 Tables, 3 Figures, 55 References. Adapted from the source document. JF - Social Science and Medicine AU - Milligan, R A K AU - Burke, V AU - Beilin, L J AU - Richards, J AU - Dunbar, D AU - Spencer, M AU - Balde, E AU - Gracey, M P AD - c/o Burke -- University Dept Medicine Royal Perth Hospital, GPO Box X2213 Western Australia 6001 Y1 - 1997/11// PY - 1997 DA - November 1997 SP - 1549 EP - 1562 VL - 45 IS - 10 SN - 0277-9536, 0277-9536 KW - Smoking KW - Depression (Psychology) KW - Physical Fitness KW - Psychosocial Factors KW - Alcohol Use KW - Health Behavior KW - Australia KW - Empowerment KW - Young Adults KW - Diet KW - Health Education KW - article KW - 2045: sociology of health and medicine; sociology of medicine & health care UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61458336?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Social+Science+and+Medicine&rft.atitle=Health-Related+Behaviours+and+Psycho-Social+Characteristics+of+18+Year-Old+Australians&rft.au=Milligan%2C+R+A+K%3BBurke%2C+V%3BBeilin%2C+L+J%3BRichards%2C+J%3BDunbar%2C+D%3BSpencer%2C+M%3BBalde%2C+E%3BGracey%2C+M+P&rft.aulast=Milligan&rft.aufirst=R+A&rft.date=1997-11-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1549&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Social+Science+and+Medicine&rft.issn=02779536&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - SSCMAW N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Young Adults; Depression (Psychology); Health Behavior; Psychosocial Factors; Health Education; Empowerment; Australia; Physical Fitness; Diet; Alcohol Use; Smoking ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seeing the forests for the more than the trees. AN - 21349244; 7720499 AB - Assessing the health effects of deforestation is difficult because of the rate at which the world's forests are disappearing. From 1990 to 1995 alone, the world lost a total area of forest cover nearly twice the size of Italy. Deforestation, which is caused by human population growth and encroachment, clearance for agricultural production, and the growing worldwide demand for wood products, has been linked with effects ranging from local changes in climatic and disease patterns to global climate change and biodiversity loss. Deforestation is responsible for about 25% of net annual releases of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere and also lessens the amount of forest available to absorb greenhouse gas emissions. Deforestation also causes a tremendous loss of biodiversity worldwide. It is estimated that over the next 50 years deforestation will rank as the single greatest cause of species loss. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Taylor, D Y1 - 1997/11// PY - 1997 DA - Nov 1997 SP - 1186 EP - 1191 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 VL - 105 IS - 11 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Trees KW - Agricultural production KW - Climatic changes KW - Biological diversity KW - Forests KW - Atmosphere KW - Italy KW - Emissions KW - Wood KW - human populations KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Deforestation KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21349244?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Seeing+the+forests+for+the+more+than+the+trees.&rft.au=Taylor%2C+D&rft.aulast=Taylor&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1997-11-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1186&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Italy; Deforestation; Forests; Biological diversity; Emissions; Carbon dioxide; human populations; Greenhouse gases; Agricultural production; Wood; Climatic changes; Trees; Atmosphere ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Physiological versus viscosity-induced effects of water temperature on the swimming and sinking velocity of larvae of the serpulid polychaete Galeolaria caespitosa AN - 16531853; 4327240 AB - Water viscosity is inversely related to water temperature. Because marine invertebrate larvae generally operate in a hydrodynamic environment dominated by viscous forces (i.e. Reynolds numbers <1), temperature-induced changes in water viscosity may exert profound influence on the swimming and sinking velocity of larvae. Whilst the physiological effects of water temperature on larval locomotion have received considerable experimental investigation, the influence of temperature-induced changes in water viscosity has received little attention. We investigated the relative physiological and viscosity-induced effects of water temperature at 25 and 15 degree C on the swimming and sinking velocity of larvae of the serpulid polychaete Galeolaria caespitosa (L.). Larvae of this species undergo considerable growth and development during their planktonic period such that the Reynolds number of the larval body (trochosphere) increases from 0.19 at hatching to 1.11 at 120 h post-hatching. Consequently we suggest that inertial forces may exert an influence on swimming at the later stages of larval development and therefore the influence of viscosity may change over the course of larval development. We also suggest that a temperature-induced increase in water viscosity will reduce the sinking velocity of larvae and may reduce the energy expenditure required to maintain location in the water column. Our results indicate that both physiological and viscosity components of water temperature influence the swimming velocity of G. caespitosa larvae. However, the influence of water viscosity did not change significantly over the course of larval development. The sinking velocity of G. caespitosa larvae was reduced with a temperature-induced increase in water viscosity. The reduction in sinking velocity of the larvae was proportional to the increase in water viscosity. We estimated and compared the metabolic costs of swimming to counteract sinking at 25 and 15 degree C by estimating Q sub(10) values from the metabolic effects of temperature on swimming velocity. We suggest that the metabolic costs of swimming to counteract sinking in G. caespitosa larvae are similar at 25 and 15 degree C, but that the metabolic costs of swimming are slightly higher at 15 degree C. JF - Marine Ecology Progress Series AU - Bolton, T F AU - Havenhand, J N AD - School of Biological Sciences, The Flinders University of South Australia, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia Y1 - 1997/11// PY - 1997 DA - Nov 1997 SP - 209 EP - 218 VL - 159 SN - 0171-8630, 0171-8630 KW - environmental conditions KW - larvae KW - swimming KW - Oceanic Abstracts; Animal Behavior Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Temperature effects KW - Marine KW - Swimming KW - Larvae KW - Developmental stages KW - Polychaeta KW - Ecophysiology KW - Viscosity KW - Galeolaria caespitosa KW - Environmental conditions KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - Y 25662:Invertebrates (excluding insects) KW - D 04657:Annelids UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16531853?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Ecology+Progress+Series&rft.atitle=Physiological+versus+viscosity-induced+effects+of+water+temperature+on+the+swimming+and+sinking+velocity+of+larvae+of+the+serpulid+polychaete+Galeolaria+caespitosa&rft.au=Bolton%2C+T+F%3BHavenhand%2C+J+N&rft.aulast=Bolton&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1997-11-01&rft.volume=159&rft.issue=&rft.spage=209&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Ecology+Progress+Series&rft.issn=01718630&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Ecophysiology; Swimming; Viscosity; Larvae; Developmental stages; Environmental conditions; Polychaeta; Galeolaria caespitosa; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Feeding ecology and interannual variations in diet of southern bluefin tuna, Thunnus maccoyii, in relation to coastal and oceanic waters off eastern Tasmania, Australia AN - 16525297; 4333472 AB - The diets of 1219 southern bluefin tuna, Thunnus maccoyii, from inshore (shelf) and offshore (oceanic) waters off eastern Tasmania were examined between 1992 and 1994. Immature fish ( 150 cm. The offshore tuna, when in subantarctic waters, ate relatively more squid than when in the East Australia Current. In the latter, fish and crustacea were more important, although there were variations between years. No relationship was found between either prey type or size with size of tuna. Feeding was significantly higher in the morning than at other times of the day. The mean weight of prey was significantly higher in inshore-caught tuna than in those caught offshore. We estimated that the mean daily ration of southern bluefin tuna off eastern Tasmania was 0.97% of wet body weight day super(-1). However, the daily ration of inshore-caught tuna was similar to 3 times higher (2.7%) than for tuna caught offshore (0.8%) indicating that feeding conditions on the shelf were better than those offshore. Our results indicate that the inshore waters of eastern Tasmania are an important feeding area for, at least, immature southern bluefin tuna. JF - Environmental Biology of Fishes AU - Young, J W AU - Lamb, T D AU - Le, D AU - Bradford, R W AU - Whitelaw, A W AD - CSIRO Division of Marine Research, GPO Box 1538, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia Y1 - 1997/11// PY - 1997 DA - Nov 1997 SP - 275 EP - 291 VL - 50 IS - 3 SN - 0378-1909, 0378-1909 KW - Australia, Tasmania KW - Southern bluefin tuna KW - Oceanic Abstracts; Animal Behavior Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - D 04668:Fish KW - Y 25495:Fish UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16525297?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Biology+of+Fishes&rft.atitle=Feeding+ecology+and+interannual+variations+in+diet+of+southern+bluefin+tuna%2C+Thunnus+maccoyii%2C+in+relation+to+coastal+and+oceanic+waters+off+eastern+Tasmania%2C+Australia&rft.au=Young%2C+J+W%3BLamb%2C+T+D%3BLe%2C+D%3BBradford%2C+R+W%3BWhitelaw%2C+A+W&rft.aulast=Young&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1997-11-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=275&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Biology+of+Fishes&rft.issn=03781909&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A bioenergetics model for an air-breathing fish, Channa striatus AN - 16429180; 4333474 AB - Food consumption, standard metabolism, and growth of juvenile snakehead, Channa striatus, a cannibalistic and air-breathing fish were measured at 24-26 degree C under controlled laboratory condition. Snakehead weighing 3.2-29.5 g were evaluated, and were fed smaller snakehead. Based on our observations, we determined bioenergetics relationships between specific food consumption, metabolic rates, and body weight. These values, along with other published parameter values allowed us to construct a bioenergetics model for snakehead. We then verified our model with growth and food consumption measurements from an independent feeding trial. Predicted fish growth closely matched observed growth. Our model underestimated cumulative food consumption when a constant activity value was used, but consumption estimates improved when we used nonconstant activity values (1-5 times of standard metabolism). Predicted fish maintenance ration was 1.7% of body weight per day. Food conversion efficiency was greatest (0.59) when fed 2% body weight daily, but declined when daily consumption exceeded 6% body weight. This model provides a useful approach for assessing food requirements of snakehead under controlled condition. JF - Environmental Biology of Fishes AU - Qin, Jianguang AU - He, Xi AU - Fast, A W AD - School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide 5001, Australia Y1 - 1997/11// PY - 1997 DA - Nov 1997 SP - 309 EP - 318 VL - 50 IS - 3 SN - 0378-1909, 0378-1909 KW - Chevron snakehead KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications KW - D 04668:Fish UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16429180?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Biology+of+Fishes&rft.atitle=A+bioenergetics+model+for+an+air-breathing+fish%2C+Channa+striatus&rft.au=Qin%2C+Jianguang%3BHe%2C+Xi%3BFast%2C+A+W&rft.aulast=Qin&rft.aufirst=Jianguang&rft.date=1997-11-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=309&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Biology+of+Fishes&rft.issn=03781909&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Helicobacter pylori: Prevalence, transmission, and serum pepsinogen II concentrations in children of a poor Periurban community in Bangladesh AN - 16350120; 4315157 AB - The aim of this study was to determine the age-specific prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in infants and children aged 1-99 months from a poor periurban community in Bangladesh. We also examined the frequency of infection among infants and their 53 immediate family members and evaluated the relationship between infection and fasting serum group II pepsinogen (pepsinogen II) concentration in 76 children. Sixty-one percent of 1-3 month-old infants tested positive for H. pylori; this rate declined steadily to 33% in children aged 10-15 months and then increased to 84% in children aged 5-8 years. The H. pylori infection rate was 2.5 times higher in children with illiterate mothers. No difference in infection rate was detected among the family contacts of infected vs. noninfected infants. H. pylori-infected children had significantly higher serum pepsinogen II concentrations than did noninfected children (P < .001). We conclude that infection with H. pylori is highly prevalent and occurs at an early age. An environmental factor or factors, rather than or in addition to intrafamilial spread of this infection, are important in poor communities of Bangladesh. The higher levels of serum pepsinogen II in H. pylori-positive children might indicate the presence of gastritis in such asymptomatic children. JF - Clinical Infectious Diseases AU - Sarker, SA AU - Mahalanabis, D AU - Hildebrand, P AU - Rahaman, M M AU - Bardhan, P K AU - Fuchs, G AU - Beglinger, C AU - Gyr, K AD - Clin. Sci. Div., Intl. Cent. for Diarrhoeal Dis. Res., Bangladesh (ICDDR,B), GPO Box 128, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh Y1 - 1997/11// PY - 1997 DA - Nov 1997 SP - 990 EP - 995 VL - 25 IS - 5 SN - 1058-4838, 1058-4838 KW - Bangladesh KW - children KW - infection KW - pepsinogen II KW - seroepidemiology KW - transmission KW - urban populations KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - J 02846:Gastrointestinal tract UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16350120?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clinical+Infectious+Diseases&rft.atitle=Helicobacter+pylori%3A+Prevalence%2C+transmission%2C+and+serum+pepsinogen+II+concentrations+in+children+of+a+poor+Periurban+community+in+Bangladesh&rft.au=Sarker%2C+SA%3BMahalanabis%2C+D%3BHildebrand%2C+P%3BRahaman%2C+M+M%3BBardhan%2C+P+K%3BFuchs%2C+G%3BBeglinger%2C+C%3BGyr%2C+K&rft.aulast=Sarker&rft.aufirst=SA&rft.date=1997-11-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=990&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clinical+Infectious+Diseases&rft.issn=10584838&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Isolation of the glucose oxidase gene from Talaromyces flavus and characterisation of its role in the biocontrol of Verticillium dahliae AN - 16347566; 4315645 AB - The glucose oxidase gene from the biocontrol fungus Talaromyces flavus has been isolated and shown to be only 64% identical at the amino-acid sequence level to the similar enzyme from Aspergillus niger. A transformation system has been developed for both T. flavus and the related T. macrosporus and has been used to create Talaromyces spp. which either over-express or are deficient in glucose oxidase. In vitro inhibition experiments on Verticillium dahliae using culture filtrates from these transformants indicates that secreted glucose oxidase is responsible for a large part of the growth inhibition of V. dahliae microsclerotia and hyphae by T. flavus, although other inhibitory compounds may also play a role. In pot trials with cotton plants, both Talaromyces species had some biocontrol activity, but there was no significant difference in the incidence of Verticillium wilt with either the presence or absence of glucose oxidase activity in the biocontrol fungus. Under the experimental conditions used, insufficient glucose is presumably present in the soil around cotton roots to generate sufficient hydrogen peroxide to inhibit V. dahliae and the observed biocontrol activity must be attributed to other factors. JF - Current Genetics AU - Murray AU - Llewellyn, D J AU - Peacock, W J AU - Dennis, E S AD - CSIRO Plant Industry, GPO Box 1600, Canberra City, ACT 2601, Australia, fmurray@pi.csiro.au Y1 - 1997/11// PY - 1997 DA - Nov 1997 SP - 367 EP - 375 VL - 32 IS - 5 SN - 0172-8083, 0172-8083 KW - amino acid sequence prediction KW - nucleotide sequence KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Genetics Abstracts KW - N 14640:Structure & sequence KW - G 07330:Fungal genetics KW - K 03079:Fungi KW - W2 32060:Microorganisms KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16347566?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Genetics&rft.atitle=Isolation+of+the+glucose+oxidase+gene+from+Talaromyces+flavus+and+characterisation+of+its+role+in+the+biocontrol+of+Verticillium+dahliae&rft.au=Murray%3BLlewellyn%2C+D+J%3BPeacock%2C+W+J%3BDennis%2C+E+S&rft.aulast=Murray&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1997-11-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=367&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+Genetics&rft.issn=01728083&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Expression of Campylobacter hyoilei lipo-oligosaccharide (LOS) antigens in Escherichia coli AN - 16292917; 4300294 AB - Campylobacter spp. are well recognized as primary pathogens in animals and in people. To isolate and define the genetic regions encoding major surface antigens of Campylobacter hyoilei, genomic DNA of the type strain of the species, RMIT-32A, was cloned into a cosmid vector, pLA2917, in Escherichia coli and the resulting genomic library was screened using antiserum raised to the parent C.hyoilei strain. Six cosmid clones were found to express a series of immunoreactive bands in the 15-25 kDa range. These bands were proteinase K-resistant and were found in the LPS fraction of the cells, suggesting that the recombinant cosmids expressed C. hyoilei lipo-oligosaccharide (LOS) antigen(s). The minimum DNA insert size required for expression of C. hyoilei LOS antigen(s) in E. coli was 11.8 kb. This region was subcloned into the plasmid vector pBR322. The partial sequencing of the 11.8 kb region showed that it contains two ORFs, designated rfbF and rfbP, showing homology with the rfbF gene from Serratia marcescens and the rfbP gene from Salmonella typhimurium. Both genes are involved in LPS synthesis. The region also contained a sequence homologous to the rfaC gene of E. coli and S. typhimurium which is involved in core oligosaccharide synthesis. JF - Microbiology AU - Korolik, V AU - Fry, B N AU - Alderton, M R AU - Van-der-Zeijst, BAM AU - Coloe, P J AD - Dep. Applied Biol. and Biotechnol., RMIT, GPO Box 2476V, Melbourne 3001, Australia Y1 - 1997/11// PY - 1997 DA - Nov 1997 SP - 3481 EP - 3489 VL - 143 IS - 11 SN - 1350-0872, 1350-0872 KW - antigens KW - cloning KW - lipooligosaccharides KW - plasmid pLA2917 KW - rfbF gene KW - rfbP gene KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - J 02740:Genetics and evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16292917?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microbiology&rft.atitle=Expression+of+Campylobacter+hyoilei+lipo-oligosaccharide+%28LOS%29+antigens+in+Escherichia+coli&rft.au=Korolik%2C+V%3BFry%2C+B+N%3BAlderton%2C+M+R%3BVan-der-Zeijst%2C+BAM%3BColoe%2C+P+J&rft.aulast=Korolik&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1997-11-01&rft.volume=143&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=3481&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microbiology&rft.issn=13500872&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inhibition of cytokine-driven human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication by protease inhibitor AN - 16287068; 4293141 AB - Protease inhibitors block virus maturation and prevent the spread of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 in vitro. HIV-1-positive persons produce higher levels of proinflammatory cytokines that up-regulate HIV-1 replication. For the protease inhibitor to be effective in vivo, it must be able to suppress cytokine-induced HIV-1 replication. The in vitro efficacy of protease inhibitor to block tumor necrosis factor (TNF)- alpha , interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1 alpha , and IL-1 beta induction of HIV-1 was investigated. While 100 U/mL of the respective cytokines induced a 208- to 22-fold increase in HIV-1 p24 production, addition of protease inhibitor completely inhibited this virus induction. The kinetics indicated a sustained HIV-1 inhibition despite high levels of endogenous TNF- alpha induction. Dilution of protease inhibitor led to increased HIV-1 replication. These results show that while protease inhibitor can prevent cytokine induction of HIV-1 replication, a continual effective dose is required for the inhibition to be sustained. JF - Journal of Infectious Diseases AU - Al-Harthi, L AU - Roebuck, KA AU - Kessler, H AU - Landay, A AD - Dep. Immun./Microbiol. and Infect. Dis., Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Med. Cent., 1653 W. Congress Pkwy., Chicago, IL 60612-3833, USA Y1 - 1997/11// PY - 1997 DA - Nov 1997 SP - 1175 EP - 1179 VL - 176 IS - 5 SN - 0022-1899, 0022-1899 KW - HIV-1 KW - cytokines KW - proteinase inhibitor KW - replication KW - suppression KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - V 22002:AIDS: Molecular and in vitro aspects KW - A 01068:Antiviral & viricidal UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16287068?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Infectious+Diseases&rft.atitle=Inhibition+of+cytokine-driven+human+immunodeficiency+virus+type+1+replication+by+protease+inhibitor&rft.au=Al-Harthi%2C+L%3BRoebuck%2C+KA%3BKessler%2C+H%3BLanday%2C+A&rft.aulast=Al-Harthi&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1997-11-01&rft.volume=176&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1175&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Infectious+Diseases&rft.issn=00221899&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Awareness of sexually transmitted disease among women and service providers in rural Bangladesh AN - 16258561; 4244086 AB - Sexually transmitted disease (STD) in rural Bangladesh is currently a topic of great concern. To date, little information is available in the literature regarding its prevalence. It is now known, however, that the current level of STD awareness among the rural population with regard to modes of transmission and means of prevention is inadequate. In 1994, the MCH-FP Extension Project (Rural) of ICDDR, B surveyed 8674 married women of reproductive age (MWRA) in 4 rural thanas to examine their awareness of STDs. The association between socio-demographic and programmatic factors (variables which affect STD information availability) and awareness of STDs was examined by both bivariate and multivariate analyses. Seven focus group discussions were conducted among groups of government health and family planning workers and paramedics to assess their knowledge of STDs and attitudes about their prevention. Only 12% of the original group had even a basic understanding about STDs and how to protect themselves from them. Twenty-five per cent of the women surveyed had ever heard of either syphilis or gonorrhoea. Of these women, less than half could mention specific mechanisms involved in the transmission of these diseases. Seven per cent reported that syphilis and gonorrhoea are transmitted through sexual intercourse. Thirteen per cent reported that the infections are transmitted from spouses to their partners. Four per cent reported that STDs can be spread by having multiple sexual partners. The results of logistic regression analysis indicate that awareness of STDs was higher among relatively older women than among younger women. Awareness of STDs was most strongly and positively associated with the education of both the women and their husbands. Awareness of STDs was also found to be higher among women who were more socially mobile (e.g. those who frequent cinemas or mothers' clubs). The findings of focus group discussions indicate that family planning and health care service providers have a moderate level of STD awareness. Modes of transmission and means of prevention, however, were areas of weakness. It will, therefore, be necessary, whether to prevent a potential STD epidemic or to combat current STD prevalence, to implement culturally acceptable and affordable means of disseminating knowledge in rural areas of Bangladesh. Training of health care providers will be an essential first step. JF - International Journal of STD & AIDS AU - Khan, MA AU - Rahman, M AU - Khanam, P A AU - Barkat-e-Khuda, AU - Kane, T T AU - Ashraf, A AD - Extension Project (Rural), Intl. Cent. for Diarrhoeal Dis. Res., Bangladesh, GPO Box 128, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh Y1 - 1997/11// PY - 1997 DA - Nov 1997 SP - 688 EP - 696 VL - 8 IS - 11 SN - 0956-4624, 0956-4624 KW - Bangladesh KW - medical personnel KW - psychological aspects KW - public health KW - rural populations KW - sexually-transmitted diseases KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - V 22123:Epidemiology KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - J 02849:Sexually-transmitted diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16258561?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+STD+%26+AIDS&rft.atitle=Awareness+of+sexually+transmitted+disease+among+women+and+service+providers+in+rural+Bangladesh&rft.au=Khan%2C+MA%3BRahman%2C+M%3BKhanam%2C+P+A%3BBarkat-e-Khuda%2C%3BKane%2C+T+T%3BAshraf%2C+A&rft.aulast=Khan&rft.aufirst=MA&rft.date=1997-11-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=688&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+STD+%26+AIDS&rft.issn=09564624&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Examination of the Estrogenicity of 2,4,6,2',6'-Penatchlorobiphenyl (PCB 104), Its Hydroxylated Metabolite 2,4,6,2',6'-Pentachloro-4-bipheylol (HO-PCB 104) and a Further Chlorinated Derivative, 2,4,6,2',4',6'-Hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB 155) AN - 14477187; 10546556 AB - The estrogen-receptor-mediated effects of 2,4,6,2',6'-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB 104), 2,4,6,2',6'-pentachloro-4-biphenylol (HO-PCB 104), and 2,4,6,2',4',6'-hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB 155) were investigated using CD-1 mice. In vitro assays were used to determine the activities of the PCBs to compete with 17 beta -estradiol (E sub(2)) for binding to the mouse uterine estrogen receptor, promote MCF-7 human breast-cancer-cell proliferation, and induce gene expression using a recombinant receptor/reporter gene assay. Results showed that PCB 104, HO-PCB 104, and PCB 155 all exhibited significant estrogen-receptor-mediated activities. All three competed with E sub(2) for binding to the mouse uterine estrogen receptor, and PCB 104 and HO-PCB 104 exhibited significant agonist activity in the gene expression assay. While hydroxylation of the parent PCB was found to enhance its binding affinity and potency, oxidation to a hydroxylated metabolite was not required to elicit estrogen-receptor-mediated activities. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Fielden, Mark R AU - Chen, Ih AU - Chittim, Brock AU - Safe, Stephen H AU - Zacharewski, Timothy R Y1 - 1997/11// PY - 1997 DA - Nov 1997 SP - 1238 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 105 IS - 11 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS KW - BIOASSAY KW - PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES, ANIMAL KW - HORMONES KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14477187?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Examination+of+the+Estrogenicity+of+2%2C4%2C6%2C2%27%2C6%27-Penatchlorobiphenyl+%28PCB+104%29%2C+Its+Hydroxylated+Metabolite+2%2C4%2C6%2C2%27%2C6%27-Pentachloro-4-bipheylol+%28HO-PCB+104%29+and+a+Further+Chlorinated+Derivative%2C+2%2C4%2C6%2C2%27%2C4%27%2C6%27-Hexachlorobiphenyl+%28PCB+155%29&rft.au=Fielden%2C+Mark+R%3BChen%2C+Ih%3BChittim%2C+Brock%3BSafe%2C+Stephen+H%3BZacharewski%2C+Timothy+R&rft.aulast=Fielden&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=1997-11-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1238&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 2 |t diagrams N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS; BIOASSAY; PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES, ANIMAL; HORMONES ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phenolphthalein-Containing Laxative Use in Relation to Adenomatous Colorectal Polyps in Three Studies AN - 14476949; 10546551 AB - Data from three recent case-control studies, one conducted in Los Angeles, CA, and two conducted in North Carolina, were used to examine phenolphthalein-containing laxative use in relation to the formation of adenomatous colorectal polyps. Phenolphthalein was recently found to be a multi-site/multi-species carcinogen in animals. Analysis of the study data revealed that few subjects reported using phenolphthalein-containing laxatives with any appreciable frequency, so the association estimates were imprecise. No association was found in the North Carolina data, and in the Los Angeles data, an odds ratio of 1.8 associated with use once a week or more was suggested. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Longnecker, Matthew P AU - Sandler, Dale P AU - Haile, Robert W AU - Sandler, Robert S Y1 - 1997/11// PY - 1997 DA - Nov 1997 SP - 1210 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 105 IS - 11 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - RISK ASSESSMENT KW - CARCINOGENIC AGENTS KW - DRUGS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14476949?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Phenolphthalein-Containing+Laxative+Use+in+Relation+to+Adenomatous+Colorectal+Polyps+in+Three+Studies&rft.au=Longnecker%2C+Matthew+P%3BSandler%2C+Dale+P%3BHaile%2C+Robert+W%3BSandler%2C+Robert+S&rft.aulast=Longnecker&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=1997-11-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1210&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 3 |t Tables N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; CARCINOGENIC AGENTS; DRUGS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Triazine Herbicide Exposure and Breast Cancer Incidence: An Ecologic Study of Kentucky Counties AN - 14476941; 10546553 AB - An ecologic study of Kentucky counties was designed to examine the link between breast-cancer incidence and triazine-herbicide exposure. For each county, demographic data were compiled, along with data on groundwater and surface-water contamination, the amount of pesticide used by applicators in each county, and breast-cancer incidence. Results showed that, the higher the levels of contamination in surface water, the higher the incidence of breast cancer, but contamination of groundwater showed a less consistent result. Overall, a small but statistically significant increase in breast-cancer risk was noted with medium or high exposure to triazines, and the association was strongest for the most recent years of breast-cancer data. A puzzling finding was a protective effect against breast cancer with higher levels of corn planting and pesticide use, which may have been due to more skilled applications that led to decreased pesticide runoff. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Kettles, Michele A AU - Browning, Steven R AU - Prince, Timothy Scott AU - Horstman, Sanford W Y1 - 1997/11// PY - 1997 DA - Nov 1997 SP - 1222 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 105 IS - 11 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - CANCER RISK KW - KENTUCKY KW - HERBICIDE EXPOSURE KW - SURFACE WATERS KW - WATER POLLUTION EFFECTS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14476941?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Triazine+Herbicide+Exposure+and+Breast+Cancer+Incidence%3A+An+Ecologic+Study+of+Kentucky+Counties&rft.au=Kettles%2C+Michele+A%3BBrowning%2C+Steven+R%3BPrince%2C+Timothy+Scott%3BHorstman%2C+Sanford+W&rft.aulast=Kettles&rft.aufirst=Michele&rft.date=1997-11-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1222&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 2 |t maps N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - CANCER RISK; KENTUCKY; HERBICIDE EXPOSURE; SURFACE WATERS; WATER POLLUTION EFFECTS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Significance of Mouse Liver Tumor Formation for Carcinogenic Risk Assessment: Results and Conclusions from a Survey of Ten Years of Testing by the Agrochemical Industry AN - 14476924; 10546549 AB - Results are presented from a study conducted by the European Crop Protection Association that utilized a questionnaire methodology to compile mouse carcinogenicity studies conducted over the period 1983-92. A total of 138 valid studies was received from ten agrochemical companies, which ranged in duration from 18 to 27 months. Of those studies, 101 were judged to be negative in terms of tumorigenicity in both sexes, and 16 were positive in both sexes. The study data are compiled on genotoxicity, survival effects, body-weight effects, liver histopathology, and relative liver weights. In these experiments, the liver was the most frequent site of carcinogenicity in both rats and mice. The relevance of mouse bioassays to human risk assessment and the risk factors relevant for carcinogenesis in humans are considered. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Carmichael, Neil G AU - Enzmann, Harald AU - Pate, Ian AU - Waechter, Felix Y1 - 1997/11// PY - 1997 DA - Nov 1997 SP - 1196 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 105 IS - 11 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - RISK ASSESSMENT KW - CARCINOGENIC AGENTS KW - HEPATOTOXICITY KW - BIOASSAY KW - AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14476924?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+Significance+of+Mouse+Liver+Tumor+Formation+for+Carcinogenic+Risk+Assessment%3A+Results+and+Conclusions+from+a+Survey+of+Ten+Years+of+Testing+by+the+Agrochemical+Industry&rft.au=Carmichael%2C+Neil+G%3BEnzmann%2C+Harald%3BPate%2C+Ian%3BWaechter%2C+Felix&rft.aulast=Carmichael&rft.aufirst=Neil&rft.date=1997-11-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1196&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 12 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; CARCINOGENIC AGENTS; AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS; BIOASSAY; HEPATOTOXICITY ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Household Pesticides and Risk of Pediatric Brain Tumors AN - 14476910; 10546552 JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Pogoda, Janice M AU - Preston-Martin, Susan Y1 - 1997/11// PY - 1997 DA - Nov 1997 SP - 1214 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 105 IS - 11 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - PESTICIDE USAGE, RESIDENTIAL KW - PATHOLOGY, CHILDREN KW - PESTICIDE EXPOSURE KW - TUMORIGENIC AGENTS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14476910?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Household+Pesticides+and+Risk+of+Pediatric+Brain+Tumors&rft.au=Pogoda%2C+Janice+M%3BPreston-Martin%2C+Susan&rft.aulast=Pogoda&rft.aufirst=Janice&rft.date=1997-11-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1214&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 7 |t Tables N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - PATHOLOGY, CHILDREN; PESTICIDE USAGE, RESIDENTIAL; PESTICIDE EXPOSURE; TUMORIGENIC AGENTS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating Xenobiotic Half-Lives in Humans from Rat Data: Influence of log P AN - 14476775; 10546550 AB - The lipid solubility of xenobiotics is expected to be an important parameter in determining the half-life relationship between rats and humans because the adipose content of humans as a percentage of total body weight is 34 times larger than for rats. Using average half-life values in rats and humans for 127 xenobiotics obtained from the literature, the ability of the octanolwater partition coefficient, expressed as log P, to account for some of the variability remaining in the data after use of a simple linear expression relating the species was investigated. Results found that accounting for lipid solubility improved the accuracy of predictions of human xenobiotic half-lives from rat half-life data, and the variance was decreased when log P values were included in the prediction equation. This was especially true when predicting human half-lives from rat half-lives for xenobiotics with extremely large log P values. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Sarver, Jeffrey G AU - White, Donald AU - Erhardt, Paul AU - Bachmann, Kenneth Y1 - 1997/11// PY - 1997 DA - Nov 1997 SP - 1204 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 105 IS - 11 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - BIOACCUMULATION, ANIMAL KW - LIPIDS KW - SOLUBILITY KW - MATHEMATIC MODELS, BIOLOGICAL KW - BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN KW - CHEMICAL ANALYSIS KW - SPECIES COMPARISONS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14476775?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Estimating+Xenobiotic+Half-Lives+in+Humans+from+Rat+Data%3A+Influence+of+log+P&rft.au=Sarver%2C+Jeffrey+G%3BWhite%2C+Donald%3BErhardt%2C+Paul%3BBachmann%2C+Kenneth&rft.aulast=Sarver&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft.date=1997-11-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1204&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 7 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - BIOACCUMULATION, ANIMAL; SPECIES COMPARISONS; CHEMICAL ANALYSIS; SOLUBILITY; LIPIDS; MATHEMATIC MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of Breast Milk to Assess Exposure to Chlorinated Contaminants in Kazakstan: PCBs and Organochlorine Pesticides in Southern Kazakstan AN - 14475911; 10546557 AB - In Kazakstan, breast-milk donors were accessed through regional maternal and child health clinics in major industrial, agricultural, and population centers. Residue levels of PCBs and organochlorine pesticides in the breast-milk samples were related to health status, breast-feeding patterns, dietary habits, smoking status, medication use, and residence and work history data. For the entire data set, the sum of the six prevalent PCBs averaged 180 ng/g fat, but significantly higher residues were found in Atyrau, which is an industrialized region. For organochlorines, rural areas and Atyrau had the highest levels of most compounds. All fish and dairy products had very low levels of the target analytes, with the exception of fish from Atyrau. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Hooper, Kim AU - Petreas, Myrto X AU - She, Jianwen AU - Visita, Pat AU - Winkler, Jennifer AU - McKinney, Michael AU - Mok, Mandy Y1 - 1997/11// PY - 1997 DA - Nov 1997 SP - 1250 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 105 IS - 11 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS KW - BREAST MILK KW - ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES KW - BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN KW - AREA COMPARISONS KW - KAZAKHSTAN KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14475911?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+Breast+Milk+to+Assess+Exposure+to+Chlorinated+Contaminants+in+Kazakstan%3A+PCBs+and+Organochlorine+Pesticides+in+Southern+Kazakstan&rft.au=Hooper%2C+Kim%3BPetreas%2C+Myrto+X%3BShe%2C+Jianwen%3BVisita%2C+Pat%3BWinkler%2C+Jennifer%3BMcKinney%2C+Michael%3BMok%2C+Mandy&rft.aulast=Hooper&rft.aufirst=Kim&rft.date=1997-11-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1250&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t maps N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - AREA COMPARISONS; POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS; BREAST MILK; KAZAKHSTAN; BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN; ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Human Pulmonary Responses to Experimental Inhalation of High Concentration Fine and Ultrafine Magnesium Oxide Particles AN - 14475876; 10546555 JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Kuschner, Ware G AU - Wong, Hofer AU - D'Alessandro, Alessandra AU - Quinlan, Patricia AU - Blanc, Paul D Y1 - 1997/11// PY - 1997 DA - Nov 1997 SP - 1234 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 105 IS - 11 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - AIR POLLUTION EFFECTS KW - PARTICULATE SIZE KW - METAL OXIDES KW - MAGNESIUM COMPOUNDS KW - PULMONARY EFFECTS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14475876?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Human+Pulmonary+Responses+to+Experimental+Inhalation+of+High+Concentration+Fine+and+Ultrafine+Magnesium+Oxide+Particles&rft.au=Kuschner%2C+Ware+G%3BWong%2C+Hofer%3BD%27Alessandro%2C+Alessandra%3BQuinlan%2C+Patricia%3BBlanc%2C+Paul+D&rft.aulast=Kuschner&rft.aufirst=Ware&rft.date=1997-11-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1234&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - AIR POLLUTION EFFECTS; PARTICULATE SIZE; METAL OXIDES; MAGNESIUM COMPOUNDS; PULMONARY EFFECTS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Have Sperm Densities Declined? A Reanalysis of Global Trend Data AN - 14474921; 10546554 AB - Univariate linear and nonlinear models were fit to data from 56 studies on sperm densities published between 1930 and 1990 to examine temporal changes. The studies were stratified into regions. The greatest decline in densities was observed for the European studies, although the mean sperm densities were highest in Europe. The overall analysis suggested a significant decline in sperm densities in both Europe and the US, with confounding and selection bias unlikely to account for these results. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Swan, Shanna H AU - Elkin, Eric P AU - Fenster, Laura Y1 - 1997/11// PY - 1997 DA - Nov 1997 SP - 1228 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 105 IS - 11 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - SPERM KW - QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS KW - TEMPORAL COMPARISONS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14474921?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Have+Sperm+Densities+Declined%3F+A+Reanalysis+of+Global+Trend+Data&rft.au=Swan%2C+Shanna+H%3BElkin%2C+Eric+P%3BFenster%2C+Laura&rft.aulast=Swan&rft.aufirst=Shanna&rft.date=1997-11-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1228&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 4 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - SPERM; QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS; TEMPORAL COMPARISONS ER - TY - GEN T1 - Reading Excellence Act. Report Together with Minority and Dissenting Views [To Accompany H.R. 2614], House of Representatives, 105th Congress, 1st Session. AN - 62541653; ED418384 AB - This report (together with a minority view and a dissenting view) presents the Reading Excellence Act (H.R. 2614). The act is designed to improve the reading and literacy skills of children and families by improving inservice instructional practices for teachers who teach reading, to stimulate the development of more high-quality family literacy programs, to support extended learning-time opportunities for children, and to ensure that children can read well and independently not later than third grade. The report presents the amendments to the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 as required by the Reading Excellence Act, the roll call votes of the Committee on Education and the Workforce, and changes to existing laws made by the Act. (RS) Y1 - 1997/10/24/ PY - 1997 DA - 1997 Oct 24 SP - 194 KW - Proposed Legislation KW - Reading Management KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Instructional Effectiveness KW - Primary Education KW - Federal Legislation KW - Reading Instruction KW - Reading Improvement KW - Inservice Teacher Education KW - Reading Skills KW - Family Literacy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62541653?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Violent and Repeat Juvenile Offender Act of 1997. Report of the Committee on the Judiciary, United States Senate, Together with Additional, Minority and Supplemental Views To Accompany S. 10. AN - 62548671; ED419208 AB - Finding that violent crimes perpetrated by juvenile offenders has increased dramatically in this century, the Committee on the Judiciary recommended and forwarded this bill for enaction by the Senate. The bill revises federal court procedures, addresses the problem of violent crime and controlled substance offenses by youth gangs, and encourages states to adopt policies "to ensure that the victims of violent crimes committed by juveniles receive the same level of justice as do victims of...adults." Title I reforms the procedures by which juveniles who commit federal crimes are prosecuted and punished. Title II deals with juvenile gangs. Title III amends and reauthorizes the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 to provide block grants to states for effective youth crime control and accountability. Title IV provides seed money for Boys and Girls Clubs in distressed areas. Title V contains definitions and authorizations regarding miscellaneous offenses including carjacking, firearms safety, use of prison labor for data entry, hate crimes and child exploitation. Legislative history; minority, additional, and supplemental views; and cost estimates are included. (EMK) Y1 - 1997/10/09/ PY - 1997 DA - 1997 Oct 09 SP - 411 KW - Congress 105th KW - Proposed Legislation KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Prevention KW - Crime KW - Delinquency KW - Sexual Abuse KW - Children KW - Child Abuse KW - Violence KW - Child Welfare KW - Legislation KW - Juvenile Justice UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62548671?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Calendar No. 210. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Access to Postsecondary Education for the 1992 High School Graduates. Postsecondary Education Descriptive Analysis Reports. Statistical Analysis Report. AN - 62552202; ED413854 AB - This report uses data from the National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988 to examine 1992 high school graduates' access to postsecondary education in 1994, 2 years after high school graduation. An overview of the postsecondary enrollment rates of graduates by family income, race/ethnicity, and parental levels of education is followed by an analysis of the factors associated with the relatively low four-year college enrollment rates of Hispanic, black, and low-income students. The findings include: (1) the differences by income and race/ethnicity in the four-year enrollment rates of college-qualified high school graduates are eliminated among those students who have taken college entrance examinations and completed an admission application; (2) high school graduates with low-income parents are able to attend four-year colleges at the same rates as students from middle-income families, if the low income students follow the usual requirements for consideration and admission; (3) college-qualified low-income students, once accepted to four-year colleges, are as likely to enroll as middle- and high-income students; and (4) barriers to a four-year college education for low-income high school graduates appear to include low educational expectations and poor academic preparation. Appendix A is comprised of a glossary and Appendix B is comprised of technical notes and methodology. (JLS) AU - Berkner, Lutz AU - Chavez, Lisa Y1 - 1997/10// PY - 1997 DA - October 1997 SP - 119 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160492874 KW - National Education Longitudinal Study 1988 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Family Characteristics KW - Low Income Groups KW - High School Graduates KW - College Bound Students KW - Access to Education KW - Student Characteristics KW - Socioeconomic Status KW - Educational Finance KW - College Attendance KW - Higher Education KW - National Surveys KW - Enrollment Influences KW - Eligibility KW - College Applicants KW - Minority Groups KW - Paying for College KW - Hispanic Americans KW - Enrollment Trends KW - Black Students KW - Hispanic American Students KW - College Admission KW - College Preparation KW - Tables (Data) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62552202?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Workforce Investment Partnership Act of 1997. Report Together with Additional Views To Accompany S.1186. Senate Committee on Labor and Human Resources, 105th Congress, 1st Session. AN - 62550726; ED418316 AB - This report recommends passage of the Workforce Investment Partnership Act of 1997. It describes this bill as one that streamlines the current federal job training system, making it more user-friendly, and consolidates the numerous federal job training programs, eliminating confusing and redundant mandates and creating integrated statewide work force development systems. Nine sections are included: (1) background and need for the legislation; (2) history of the legislation and votes in committee; (3) committee views; (4) cost estimate; (5) regulatory impact statement; (6) application of the law to the legislative branch; (7) section-by-section analysis; (8) additional views; and (9) changes in existing law. (YLB) Y1 - 1997/10// PY - 1997 DA - October 1997 SP - 114 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. KW - Congress 105th KW - Proposed Legislation KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Postsecondary Education KW - Federal Aid KW - Accountability KW - Job Training KW - State Regulation KW - Secondary Education KW - Costs KW - Federal Legislation KW - Federal Programs KW - Federal Regulation KW - Vocational Education KW - States Powers KW - Federal State Relationship KW - Labor Force Development KW - Adult Education UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62550726?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Calendar No. 214. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Institutional Aid 1992-93. Postsecondary Education Descriptive Analysis Reports. Statistical Analysis Report. AN - 62543746; ED413853 AB - This report examines institutional aid awards for postsecondary education students for the academic year 1992-93, relating institutions students attended and student characteristics to receipt and size of institutional award. Data is based on the 1992-93 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study. Highlights include the following: (1) Institutional aid has increased at a faster rate than any other source of student financial aid since 1985; (2) receipt and amount of aid varied by level and control of institution, with full-time undergraduates in private four-year institutions more than twice as likely to receive aid as those in public four-year institutions; (3) "traditional" undergraduates (full-time, under 24, living on campus) were more likely to receive aid than other students; (4) full-time undergraduates in the lowest income quartile attending public institutions were more likely to receive aid than those in higher income quartiles. Narrative and 22 tables in the report cover: categories of aid recipients; institutional financial issues and characteristics (Carnegie classification, tuition, endowment); growth of institutional aid; and student characteristics (income, financial aid package, grade point average, race/ethnicity). A summary discusses the undergraduate and institutional characteristics associated with institutional aid. Two appendixes include a glossary and technical notes and methodology. (Contains 24 references.)(JLS) AU - Lee, John B. AU - Clery, Suzanne B. Y1 - 1997/10// PY - 1997 DA - October 1997 SP - 85 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160492904 KW - Higher Education Act Title IV KW - Institutional Aid KW - National Postsecondary Student Aid Study KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Nontraditional Students KW - Institutional Characteristics KW - Postsecondary Education KW - Student Loan Programs KW - Access to Education KW - Student Characteristics KW - Grants KW - Educational Finance KW - Public Colleges KW - Private Colleges KW - Higher Education KW - National Surveys KW - Student Financial Aid KW - Institutional Role KW - Paying for College KW - College Students UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62543746?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Family Involvement in Children's Education: Successful Local Approaches. An Idea Book. AN - 62543134; ED412031 AB - Schools that are most successful in engaging parents and other family members in support of their children's learning look beyond traditional definitions of parent involvement--parent teacher organizations or signing report cards--to a broader conception of supporting families in activities outside of school that can encourage their children's' learning. This idea book is intended to assist educators, parents, and policy makers as they develop school-family partnerships, identifying and describing successful strategies used by 20 local Title I programs. Following an executive summary, the book notes resources for involving families in education, includes research supporting such partnerships, and describes how Title I encourages partnerships. Next, the book describes successful local approaches to family involvement in education, organized around strategies for overcoming common barriers to family involvement, including: (1) overcoming time and resource constraints; (2) providing information and training to parents and school staff; (3) restructuring schools to support family involvement; (4) bridging school-family differences; and (5) tapping external supports for partnerships. Finally, the book presents conclusions about establishing and sustaining partnerships, noting that at the same time that successful partnerships share accountability, specific stakeholders must assume individual responsibility, and that those schools that succeed in involving large numbers of parents invest energy in finding solutions for problems, not excuses. Four appendices present profiles of 10 successful partnerships, descriptions in table format of 20 successful local approaches, contact information for profiled partnership programs, and resources for building successful partnerships. Contains 13 references. (HTH) AU - Funkhouser, Janie E. AU - Gonzales, Miriam R. AU - Moles, Oliver C. Y1 - 1997/10// PY - 1997 DA - October 1997 SP - 153 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160492548 KW - Barriers to Implementation KW - Elementary Secondary Education Act Title I KW - Program Characteristics KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Parents KW - Policymakers KW - Practitioners KW - Teachers KW - Program Descriptions KW - Partnerships in Education KW - Parent Student Relationship KW - Parent School Relationship KW - Parent Participation KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Change Strategies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62543134?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Contribution of Self-Concept in the Etiology of Adolescent Delinquency AN - 60080532; 9813317 AB - Explores the relationship between self-concept & delinquency, drawing on Tennessee Self-Concept Scale data from adolescents in high schools (N = 230) & institutions incarcerating young offenders (N = 54) in Queensland, Australia, categorized as nondelinquents, noninstitutionalized delinquents, & institutionalized delinquents. Differences were evident in the total & subscale scores of nondelinquents as compared with their delinquent counterparts. Implications of the results in the context of delinquency theories & for dealing with delinquent adolescents are discussed. 4 Tables, 39 References. Adapted from the source document. JF - Adolescence AU - Levy, Kenneth St C AD - Dept Justice, GPO Box 149 Brisbane Queensland 4001 Australia Y1 - 1997/10// PY - 1997 DA - October 1997 SP - 671 EP - 686 VL - 32 IS - 127 SN - 0001-8449, 0001-8449 KW - Offenders KW - Self Concept KW - Juvenile Delinquency KW - Australia KW - High School Students KW - article KW - 2151: social problems and social welfare; juvenile delinquency UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60080532?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Adolescence&rft.atitle=The+Contribution+of+Self-Concept+in+the+Etiology+of+Adolescent+Delinquency&rft.au=Levy%2C+Kenneth+St+C&rft.aulast=Levy&rft.aufirst=Kenneth+St&rft.date=1997-10-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=127&rft.spage=671&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Adolescence&rft.issn=00018449&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-10-30 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - ADOLAO N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - High School Students; Self Concept; Juvenile Delinquency; Australia; Offenders ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Brief report. Evaluation of Teknaf enteric agar (TEA): modified MacConkey's agar for the isolation of Shigella dysenteriae type 1 and Shigella flexneri AN - 17170579; 4472229 AB - To develop a better and selective medium for the isolation of Shigella spp., McConkey's Agar (MAC) was modified by adding potassium tellurite (K2TeO3) at a concentration of 1 [mu]g/ml. The formulation designated Teknaf Enteric Agar (TEA) was studied for the inhibitory effect of potassium tellurite on the growth of different enteric bacteria, and as a medium for isolating Shigella spp. from clinical stool samples (n=3125). We observed that the growth of E. coli was effectively inhibited on TEA with no effect on the growth of S. dysenteriae type 1 and S. flexneri. A total of 2019 Shigellae were isolated through the combined use of TEA, MAC, and Salmonella-Shigella Agar (SS). On TEA, 1921 S. dysenteriae type 1 and S. flexneri were isolated as compared to 1765 from the combined use of MAC and SS. A total of 194 of S. dysenteriae type 1 and S. flexneri were exclusively isolated from TEA as compared to 38 which were only made from MAC and SS. We conclude that TEA significantly increased the overall isolation rate of Shigella spp. as compared to the combined use of MAC and SS (P <0.0001), although it is not suitable for the isolation of S. sonnei. JF - Journal of Tropical Pediatrics AU - Munshi, MMH AU - Morshed, M G AU - Ansaruzzaman, M AU - Alam, K AU - Kay, A AU - Aziz, KMS AU - Rahamann, M M AD - International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B), GPO Box 128, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh Y1 - 1997/10// PY - 1997 DA - Oct 1997 SP - 307 EP - 310 VL - 43 IS - 5 SN - 0142-6338, 0142-6338 KW - Teknaf enteric agar KW - potassium tellurate (IV) KW - potassium tellurate(IV) KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Agar KW - Shigellosis KW - Shigella flexneri KW - Media (isolation) KW - Shigella dysenteriae KW - A 01116:Bacteria KW - J 02702:Transport, isolation, selection and enrichment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17170579?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Tropical+Pediatrics&rft.atitle=Brief+report.+Evaluation+of+Teknaf+enteric+agar+%28TEA%29%3A+modified+MacConkey%27s+agar+for+the+isolation+of+Shigella+dysenteriae+type+1+and+Shigella+flexneri&rft.au=Munshi%2C+MMH%3BMorshed%2C+M+G%3BAnsaruzzaman%2C+M%3BAlam%2C+K%3BKay%2C+A%3BAziz%2C+KMS%3BRahamann%2C+M+M&rft.aulast=Munshi&rft.aufirst=MMH&rft.date=1997-10-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=307&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Tropical+Pediatrics&rft.issn=01426338&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Shigella dysenteriae; Shigella flexneri; Shigellosis; Media (isolation); Agar ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A comparative analysis of aggression in migratory and non-migratory salmonids AN - 16430967; 4333346 AB - This paper represents a comprehensive test of the hypothesis that aggression in salmonids increases with the duration of stream residence. The intraspecific aggression of eleven juvenile salmonids was compared with their normal duration of stream residence. Salmonids maintained in 1 metre tanks and observed over two days could be separated into four groups based on statistical differences between the frequencies of aggressive behaviour. Non-anadromous Salvelinus fontinalis showed the highest levels of aggressive behaviour, followed by Oncorhynchus masou and O. mykiss (rainbow and steelhead trout). Least aggressive were the early migrants O. nerka (kokanee and sockeye salmon) and O. keta. The remaining species, O. rhodurus, O. kisutch, S. leucomaenis pluvius and Salmo trutta formed a moderately aggressive group. Aggressiveness was significantly and positively correlated with the duration of stream residence. JF - Environmental Biology of Fishes AU - Hutchison, MJ AU - Iwata, M AD - Royal Australasian Ornithologists Union, GPO Box 3943, Sydney 2001, Australia Y1 - 1997/10// PY - 1997 DA - Oct 1997 SP - 209 EP - 215 VL - 50 IS - 2 SN - 0378-1909, 0378-1909 KW - Salmonids KW - Ecology Abstracts; Animal Behavior Abstracts KW - Y 25375:Fish KW - D 04668:Fish UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16430967?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Biology+of+Fishes&rft.atitle=A+comparative+analysis+of+aggression+in+migratory+and+non-migratory+salmonids&rft.au=Hutchison%2C+MJ%3BIwata%2C+M&rft.aulast=Hutchison&rft.aufirst=MJ&rft.date=1997-10-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=209&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Biology+of+Fishes&rft.issn=03781909&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemical carcinogens and antigens contribute to cutaneous tumor promotion by depleting epidermal Langerhans cells AN - 16375756; 4287628 AB - Epidermal Langerhans cells (LC) are an integral component of the skin immune system as they initiate immune responses to a variety of antigens, including tumor antigens. When skin is exposed to carcinogenic doses of ultraviolet-B irradiation, chemical carcinogens or tumor promoters there is a significant reduction of LC density. This causes the skin to be immunocompromised and provides an opportunity for aberrant cells to escape immune detection and develop into tumors. Consequently LC depletion is a key event associated with the pathogenesis of skin cancer. We propose that LC depletion contributes to tumor promotion and therefore any agents that reduce LC number, e.g. the contact sensitizing antigen 2,4,6-trinitrochlorobenzene (TNCB), may also contribute to tumor promotion. This proposal was evaluated in cutaneous carcinogenesis by treating mouse skin with a tumor initiating dose of the carcinogen 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) followed by a tumor promoter. The initiating dose of DMBA did not cause LC depletion or tumor development. However, if the DMBA-treated skin was then exposed to a concentration of TNCB that caused LC depletion, skin tumors developed. This is analogous to the classical initiator/promoter system with an LC-depleting dose of TNCB contributing to tumor promotion. Further, this promotion effect was independent of the commencement time of the promoter application, as 2% TNCB applied either 1 or 12 weeks after DMBA initiation induced tumor development. Analysis of the association of LC depletion with immunosuppression and tumor promotion, showed that these events were linked, irrespective of the agent that caused the depletion. It is therefore concluded that LC depletion and local immunosuppression are important aspects of tumor promotion in cutaneous carcinogenesis and non-carcinogenic agents may have tumor promoter activities. JF - Carcinogenesis AU - Qu, M AU - Muller, H K AU - Woods, G M AD - Division of Pathology, University of Tasmania, GPO Box 252-29, Hobart, Australia 7001 Y1 - 1997/10// PY - 1997 DA - Oct 1997 SP - 1277 EP - 1279 VL - 18 IS - 10 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16375756?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Chemical+carcinogens+and+antigens+contribute+to+cutaneous+tumor+promotion+by+depleting+epidermal+Langerhans+cells&rft.au=Qu%2C+M%3BMuller%2C+H+K%3BWoods%2C+G+M&rft.aulast=Qu&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1997-10-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1277&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carcinogenesis&rft.issn=01433334&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental monitoring and impact assessment of a solid waste disposal site AN - 16323331; 4259496 AB - The objective of this study is an attempt to conduct an environmental monitoring and impact assessment of the On-Nooch solid waste disposal site in Bangkok, Thailand. Four water and five air sampling stations (2 upwind and 3 downwind directions) were established at the site. Grab water samples from leachate treatment plant and Khlong Song Hong, a nearby stream, were collected during the rainy and dry seasons. Analytical results of the waste water discharged by the leachate treatment plant, during dry season showed chemical oxygen demand: 618 mg/l; biochemical oxygen demand: 80 mg/l; suspended solid: 101 mg/l; Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen: 283 mg /l, which were still higher than standard limit for effluents in Thailand. During the dry season, results also showed widespread heavy metal pollution from leachate (chromium: 1.03 mg/l; manganese: 1.07 mg/l; mercury: 0.025 mg/l) and were higher than the allowable level of heavy metals for the Industrial Effluent Standard in Thailand. The direct discharge of untreated leachate into inland water will cause considerable water pollution in the study area. Composite air samples in this study area were collected during the rainy and dry seasons and were analyzed for methane (CH sub(4)), carbon dioxide (CO sub(2)), carbon monoxide (CO), sulphur dioxide (SO sub(2)), nitrogen dioxide (NO sub(2)) and suspended particulate matter (SPM). The average concentration of SPM ranged between 0.1-0.36 mg/m super(3) for 24-hour average, depending upon the season. The level of CH sub(4) and CO sub(2) in the ambient air of the study area were found to be 3.48-65.71 mg/m super(3) and 886-1758 mg/m super(3) respectively which were much higher than the normal concentration of CH sub(4) and CO sub(2) in the air (CH sub(4): 2.41 mg/m super(3); CO sub(2):585 mg /m super(3)). Hence, adverse health and environmental effects could be expected from water and air pollution. JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Muttamara, S AU - Leong, ST AD - Environ. Eng. Prog., Sch. Environ., Resour. and Dev., Asian Inst. Technol., G.P.O. Box Klong Luang, Pattrumthani 12170, Thailand Y1 - 1997/10// PY - 1997 DA - Oct 1997 SP - 1 EP - 24 VL - 48 IS - 1 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Water sampling KW - Heavy metals KW - Freshwater KW - Solid wastes KW - Sewage disposal KW - Waste dumps KW - Waste disposal sites KW - Environmental effects KW - Air sampling KW - Outfall KW - Seasonal variations KW - Methane KW - Environmental impact KW - Chemical oxygen demand KW - Suspended particulate matter KW - Outfalls KW - Thailand, Bangkok, Khlong Song Hong R. KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Leachates KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16323331?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Environmental+monitoring+and+impact+assessment+of+a+solid+waste+disposal+site&rft.au=Muttamara%2C+S%3BLeong%2C+ST&rft.aulast=Muttamara&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1997-10-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Methane; Pollution monitoring; Water sampling; Heavy metals; Environmental impact; Chemical oxygen demand; Suspended particulate matter; Solid wastes; Sewage disposal; Outfalls; Waste disposal sites; Air sampling; Environmental effects; Carbon dioxide; Seasonal variations; Leachates; Waste dumps; Outfall; Thailand, Bangkok, Khlong Song Hong R.; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Shewanella gelidimarina sp. nov. and Shewanella frigidimarina sp. nov., novel Antarctic species with the ability to produce eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5 omega 3) and grow anaerobically by dissimilatory Fe(III) reduction AN - 16293490; 4229377 AB - A polyphasic taxonomic study was performed to characterize dissimilatory iron-reducing strains mostly isolated from Antarctic sea ice. The strains were isolated from samples of congelated (land-fast) sea ice, grease ice, and ice algal biomass collected from the coastal areas of the Vestfold Hills in eastern Antarctica (68 degree S 78 degree E). The strains were facultatively anaerobic, motile, and rod shaped, were capable of anaerobic growth either by fermentation of carbohydrates or by anaerobic respiration, and utilized a variety of electron acceptors, including nitrate, ferric compounds, and trimethylamine N-oxide. A phylogenetic analysis performed with 16S rRNA sequences showed that the isolates formed two groups representing novel lineages in the genus Shewanella. The first novel group included seawater-requiring, psychrophilic, chitinolytic strains which had DNA G+C contents of 48 mol%. The members of the second strain group were psychrotrophic and did not require seawater but could tolerate up to 9% NaCl. The strains of this group were also unable to degrade polysaccharides but could utilize a number of monosaccharides and disaccharides and had G+C contents of 40 to 43 mol%. The whole-cell-derived fatty acid profiles of the sea ice isolates were found to be similar to the profiles obtained for other Shewanella species. The omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) (20:5 omega 3) was detected in all of the sea ice isolates at levels ranging from 2 to 16% of the total fatty acids. EPA was also found at high levels in Shewanella hanedai (19 to 22%) and Shewanella benthica (16 to 18%) but was absent in Shewanella alga and Shewanella putrefaciens. On the basis of polyphasic taxonomic data, the Antarctic iron-reducing strains are placed in two new species, Shewanella frigidimarina sp. nov. (type strain, ACAM 591) and Shewanella gelidimarina sp. nov. (type strain, ACAM 456). JF - International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology AU - Bowman, J P AU - McCammon, SA AU - Nichols, D S AU - Skerratt, J H AU - Rea, S M AU - Nichols, P D AU - McMeekin, T A AD - Antarctic CRC, Univ. Tasmania, GPO Box 252-80, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia Y1 - 1997/10// PY - 1997 DA - Oct 1997 SP - 1040 EP - 1047 VL - 47 IS - 4 SN - 0020-7713, 0020-7713 KW - Antarctica KW - Bacteria KW - Taxonomy KW - anaerobic bacteria KW - eicosapentaenoic acid KW - new species KW - taxonomy KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Marine KW - PSE, Antarctica, Princess Elizabeth Land, Vestfold Hills KW - Shewanella gelidimarina KW - Shewanella frigidimarina KW - Polyunsaturated fatty acids KW - New species KW - Q1 08203:Taxonomy and morphology KW - J 02710:Identification, taxonomy and typing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16293490?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Systematic+Bacteriology&rft.atitle=Shewanella+gelidimarina+sp.+nov.+and+Shewanella+frigidimarina+sp.+nov.%2C+novel+Antarctic+species+with+the+ability+to+produce+eicosapentaenoic+acid+%2820%3A5+omega+3%29+and+grow+anaerobically+by+dissimilatory+Fe%28III%29+reduction&rft.au=Bowman%2C+J+P%3BMcCammon%2C+SA%3BNichols%2C+D+S%3BSkerratt%2C+J+H%3BRea%2C+S+M%3BNichols%2C+P+D%3BMcMeekin%2C+T+A&rft.aulast=Bowman&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1997-10-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1040&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Systematic+Bacteriology&rft.issn=00207713&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Polyunsaturated fatty acids; New species; Shewanella gelidimarina; Shewanella frigidimarina; PSE, Antarctica, Princess Elizabeth Land, Vestfold Hills; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Raves, drugs and experience: Drug use by a sample of people who attend raves in Western Australia AN - 16266441; 4253181 AB - Aims. To investigate the patterns of drug use among a sample of people in the rave scene in Perth, Western Australia and test the hypothesis that those who were less experienced in their drug use had less drug-related knowledge. Design. Respondents were recruited through flyers in cafes, clothing and music stores and through snowballing. Setting. Respondents were interviewed in cafes or restaurants, private dwellings, agencies or other public spaces. Participants. Eighty-three people who had been to a rave in the prior 6 months. Their mean age was 18.9 years (range 13-48) and 53% were male. Measurements. Brief history of drug use, HIV risk behaviour, knowledge of drug-related harm and side effects experienced from drugs. Findings. The group was unremarkable apart from their drug use. Ninety per cent of respondents had ever used LSD, 76% had used ecstasy and 69% had used amphetamines. Before, during or after the last rave attended 52% used cannabis and 35% had used each of amphetamines and LSD. Those who were less experienced in their drug use had less knowledge about drugs. Many respondents began using 'dance drugs' while they were still at school. Conclusions. Those with less drug-using experience may have less drug-related knowledge and may be at greater risk of harm. Strategies should be implemented which involve people in the scene, promoters, health workers and the authorities to reduce drug-related harm associated with raves and other dance events. JF - Addiction AU - Lenton, S AU - Boys, A AU - Norcross, K AD - Natl. Cent. for Res. into Prev. Drug Abuse, Curtin Univ. Technol., GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia Y1 - 1997/10// PY - 1997 DA - Oct 1997 SP - 1327 EP - 1337 VL - 92 IS - 10 SN - 0965-2140, 0965-2140 KW - raves KW - Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - H 4000:Food and Drugs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16266441?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Addiction&rft.atitle=Raves%2C+drugs+and+experience%3A+Drug+use+by+a+sample+of+people+who+attend+raves+in+Western+Australia&rft.au=Lenton%2C+S%3BBoys%2C+A%3BNorcross%2C+K&rft.aulast=Lenton&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1997-10-01&rft.volume=92&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1327&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Addiction&rft.issn=09652140&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aeromonas spp. possess at least two distinct type IV pilus families AN - 16232313; 4227270 AB - Type IV pili have been purified from strains of most of the Aeromonas species associated with gastroenteritis (A. veronii biovar sobria, A. hydrophila, A. trota and A. caviae). They appear to be a related family (molecular of mass of pilin 19 to 23 kDa) with a tendency to bundle-formation. Hence, we have designated them 'bundle-forming pili' (Bfp). A type IV pilus biogenesis gene cluster (tapABCD) recently cloned from a strain of A. hydrophila, however, encoded a 17 kDa pilin which differed significantly in its N-terminal amino acid sequence from the Bfp pilins. This paper describes the cloning of part (tapA and similar to 20% of tapB) of a homologous pilin gene cluster from a Bfp-positive strain of A. veronii biovar sobria, and presents evidence that the entire pilin gene cluster (tapABCD) is present in this strain. The predicted N-terminal amino acid sequence of the pilin encoded by the A. veronii biovar sobria tapA differed markedly from the corresponding sequence of its Bfp pilin, and those of the Bfp purified from other Aeromonas strains and species. Probing with tapA and tapD genes showed that these Bfp-positive Aeromonas strains also possessed the Tap gene cluster. TapA proteins of A. veronii biovar sobria and A. hydrophila shared 53% identity and 63% homology. We conclude that Aeromonas species are potentially able to express at least two distinct families of type IV pili (Bfp and Tap). JF - Microbial Pathogenesis AU - Barnett, T C AU - Kirov, S M AU - Strom AU - Sanderson, K AD - Div. Pathol., Univ. Tasmania, GPO 52-29, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia Y1 - 1997/10// PY - 1997 DA - Oct 1997 SP - 241 EP - 248 VL - 23 IS - 4 SN - 0882-4010, 0882-4010 KW - TapA protein KW - amino acid sequence KW - gastroenteritis KW - pili KW - pilin KW - tapA gene KW - tapB gene KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - J 02721:Cell cycle, morphology and motility UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16232313?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microbial+Pathogenesis&rft.atitle=Aeromonas+spp.+possess+at+least+two+distinct+type+IV+pilus+families&rft.au=Barnett%2C+T+C%3BKirov%2C+S+M%3BStrom%3BSanderson%2C+K&rft.aulast=Barnett&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1997-10-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=241&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microbial+Pathogenesis&rft.issn=08824010&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The significance of drained fish ponds for wintering waterbirds at the Mai Po Marshes, Hong Kong AN - 16219952; 4219437 AB - The wetland around Mai Po and Inner Deep Bay is the largest in Hong Kong and is a mosaic of mudflats, traditional shrimp ponds and fish ponds. Because of the large number of wintering waterbirds at the site (68,000 in 1995-1996), a 1500-ha area has been listed as a Wetland of International Importance under the Ramsar Convention. This study aims to assess the importance of fish ponds as a waterbird feeding habitat, especially when the ponds are drained in winter for harvesting. The waterbirds focused on were the endangered Black-faced Spoonbill Platalea minor (Collar et al. 1994), Little Egret Egretta garzetta, Great Egret Egretta alba and Grey Heron Ardea cinerea. To assess the relative importance of draining ponds for target waterbirds, the number of birds using the ponds was compared with the total number wintering in Deep Bay. JF - Ibis AU - Young, L AU - Chan, G AD - WWF Hong Kong, GPO Box 12721, Central, Hong Kong Y1 - 1997/10// PY - 1997 DA - Oct 1997 SP - 694 EP - 698 VL - 139 IS - 4 SN - 0019-1019, 0019-1019 KW - Flamingos KW - Herons KW - Hong Kong KW - Ibises KW - Storks KW - abundance KW - endangered species KW - feeding grounds KW - fish ponds KW - habitat utilization KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Marine KW - Overwintering KW - Brackish KW - Habitat improvement (physical) KW - Rare species KW - Freshwater KW - Habitat selection KW - ISEW, Hong Kong, New Terr., Deep Bay KW - ISEW, China, People's Rep., Guangdong Prov., Deep Bay KW - Migratory species KW - ISEW, Hong Kong, New Terr., Mai Po Marshes KW - Wetlands KW - Ciconiiformes KW - Fish ponds KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - D 04671:Birds KW - Q1 08463:Habitat community studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16219952?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ibis&rft.atitle=The+significance+of+drained+fish+ponds+for+wintering+waterbirds+at+the+Mai+Po+Marshes%2C+Hong+Kong&rft.au=Young%2C+L%3BChan%2C+G&rft.aulast=Young&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1997-10-01&rft.volume=139&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=694&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ibis&rft.issn=00191019&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Migratory species; Overwintering; Wetlands; Habitat improvement (physical); Rare species; Habitat selection; Fish ponds; Ciconiiformes; ISEW, Hong Kong, New Terr., Deep Bay; ISEW, China, People's Rep., Guangdong Prov., Deep Bay; ISEW, Hong Kong, New Terr., Mai Po Marshes; Marine; Brackish; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phenotypic and genotypic changes in Vibrio cholerae O139 Bengal AN - 16109181; 4211136 AB - To find reasons for the recent decline of Vibrio cholerae O139 Bengal cholera in Bangladesh, phenotypic and genotypic changes in O139 isolates obtained from patients with cholera from 1993 to 1996 were studied. The isolates were tested for the presence of ctx and tcpA genes, hemagglutinin/protease (HA/P), capsule, D-mannose-sensitive hemagglutinin (MSHA), L-fucose-sensitive hemagglutinin (FSHA), tube test (tube) and CAMP test (CAMP) hemolytic activities, resistance to 2,4-diamino-6,7-diisopropyl pteridine (O/129) and trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX), and genotype by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). All isolates possessed ctx and tcpA genes, HA/P, and a capsule. Most isolates were negative for FSHA, but although the majority of the isolates were positive for MSHA, no discernible trend in the activity was found during the study period. All early isolates were CAMP hemolysin positive and resistant to the vibriostatic compound O/129 and TMP-SMX, the two properties that could be used for the presumptive diagnosis of O139 cholera. However, subsequently, isolates that were CAMP hemolysin negative and susceptible to TMP-SMX and O/129 were increasingly encountered, with all the 1996 isolates being so, which suggested that these properties can no longer be used for the presumptive diagnosis of O139 cholera. V. cholerae O139 isolates that were CAMP hemolysin positive and resistant to O/129 and TMP-SMX produced a disease of greater severity than that caused by the CAMP hemolysin-negative and susceptible isolates on the basis of the lengths of stay of the hospitalized patients. The study period witnessed the evolution of four different genotypes by PFGE. All of these data suggested that the V. cholerae O139 isolates have undergone changes in some properties. However, how these changes influenced their prevalence relative to that of V. cholerae O1 in human infection is not clear. Studies of the environmental factors will provide the key for an understanding of the relative abundance of these vibrios. JF - Journal of Clinical Microbiology AU - Albert, MJ AU - Bhuiyan, NA AU - Talukder, KA AU - Faruque, ASG AU - Nahar, S AU - Faruque, S M AU - Ansaruzzaman, M AU - Rahman, M AD - Lab. Sci. Div., ICDDR,B, GPO Box 128, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh Y1 - 1997/10// PY - 1997 DA - Oct 1997 SP - 2588 EP - 2592 VL - 35 IS - 10 SN - 0095-1137, 0095-1137 KW - ctx gene KW - tcpA gene KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - pulsed-field gel electrophoresis KW - phenotyping KW - hemolysins KW - cholera KW - Vibrio cholerae KW - drug resistance KW - capsules KW - genotyping KW - G 07320:Bacterial genetics KW - J 02710:Identification, taxonomy and typing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16109181?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Clinical+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Phenotypic+and+genotypic+changes+in+Vibrio+cholerae+O139+Bengal&rft.au=Albert%2C+MJ%3BBhuiyan%2C+NA%3BTalukder%2C+KA%3BFaruque%2C+ASG%3BNahar%2C+S%3BFaruque%2C+S+M%3BAnsaruzzaman%2C+M%3BRahman%2C+M&rft.aulast=Albert&rft.aufirst=MJ&rft.date=1997-10-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2588&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Clinical+Microbiology&rft.issn=00951137&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Vibrio cholerae; genotyping; pulsed-field gel electrophoresis; phenotyping; capsules; drug resistance; hemolysins; cholera ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effect of lorazepam on long-term verbal recall in heavy and light social drinkers AN - 16101360; 4205962 AB - Two experiments investigated long-term verbal memory performance in groups of 20-year-old heavy (HSDs) and light social drinkers (LSDs), in the presence and absence of a pharmacological challenge (lorazepam 2 mg). In Experiment 1, a verbal learning task was presented visually and it was found that lorazepam significantly impaired delayed verbal recall performance in both groups. Experiment 2 assessed the effect of presenting the verbal learning task in the auditory compared to the visual modality. Both groups' performance on the delayed trials of the visually presented task was reduced in the lorazepam treatment. However, in the auditory presented task, lorazepam reduced 30-min delayed recall performance in the HSDs but not in the LSDs. The differential effect of lorazepam on HSDs compared to LSDs on delayed recall performance when material is presented in the auditory modality may suggest that frequent heavy social drinking results in changes in CNS functioning. JF - Alcohol AU - Nichols, J M AU - Martin, F AD - Department of Psychology, University of Tasmania, GPO Box 252C, Hobart, Tasmania, 7005, Australia Y1 - 1997/10// PY - 1997 DA - Oct 1997 SP - 455 EP - 461 VL - 14 IS - 5 SN - 0741-8329, 0741-8329 KW - ethanol KW - lorazepam KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - auditory discrimination learning KW - visual discrimination learning KW - central nervous system KW - learning behavior KW - memory KW - X 24180:Social poisons & drug abuse UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16101360?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Alcohol&rft.atitle=The+effect+of+lorazepam+on+long-term+verbal+recall+in+heavy+and+light+social+drinkers&rft.au=Nichols%2C+J+M%3BMartin%2C+F&rft.aulast=Nichols&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1997-10-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=455&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Alcohol&rft.issn=07418329&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - memory; learning behavior; auditory discrimination learning; visual discrimination learning; central nervous system ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thyroid Hormones and Cytogenetic Outcomes in Backpack Sprayers Using Ethylenebis(dithiocarbamate) (EBDC) Fungicides in Mexico AN - 14472669; 10544853 AB - Using Mexican backpack sprayers applying ethylenebis(dithiocarbamate) (EBDC) fungicides to tomatoes, a group of lesser exposed landowners, and a nonexposed population, the possible cytogenetic and thyrotoxic effects of EBDC fungicides were investigated. The biological sampling protocol is outlined. Results found that urinary ethylene thiourea levels clearly distinguished between the three exposure groups. Age-adjusted thyroid-stimulating hormone levels were significantly increased in the applicators compared to controls and were nonsignificantly increased compared to the landowners, suggesting a dose response. No significant effects were found in terms of thyroxine levels. In addition, applicators exhibited significantly increased sister chromatid exchanges, and chromosome translocations were significantly elevated in both applicators and landowners. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Steenland, Kyle AU - Cedillo, Leonor AU - Tucker, James AU - Hines, Cynthia AU - Sorensen, Karen AU - Deddens, James AU - Cruz, Veronica Y1 - 1997/10// PY - 1997 DA - Oct 1997 SP - 1126 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 105 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - FUNGICIDE DAMAGE KW - CYTOTOXICITY KW - HORMONAL EFFECTS KW - MEXICO KW - PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HUMAN KW - THIOCARBAMATES KW - THYROID FUNCTION KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14472669?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Thyroid+Hormones+and+Cytogenetic+Outcomes+in+Backpack+Sprayers+Using+Ethylenebis%28dithiocarbamate%29+%28EBDC%29+Fungicides+in+Mexico&rft.au=Steenland%2C+Kyle%3BCedillo%2C+Leonor%3BTucker%2C+James%3BHines%2C+Cynthia%3BSorensen%2C+Karen%3BDeddens%2C+James%3BCruz%2C+Veronica&rft.aulast=Steenland&rft.aufirst=Kyle&rft.date=1997-10-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1126&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t diagrams N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - CYTOTOXICITY; FUNGICIDE DAMAGE; MEXICO; PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HUMAN; HORMONAL EFFECTS; THYROID FUNCTION; THIOCARBAMATES ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitative StructureActivity Relationships (QSARs) for Estrogen Binding to the Estrogen Receptor: Predictions Across Species AN - 14472638; 10544852 JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Tong, Weida AU - Perkins, Roger AU - Strelitz, Richard AU - Collantes, Elizabeth R AU - Keenan, Susan AU - Welsh, William J AU - Branham, William S Y1 - 1997/10// PY - 1997 DA - Oct 1997 SP - 1116 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 105 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - SPECIES COMPARISONS KW - HORMONAL EFFECTS KW - QUANTITATIVE STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATION KW - MATHEMATIC MODELS, BIOLOGICAL KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14472638?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Quantitative+Structure%26lt%3BND%26gt%3BActivity+Relationships+%28QSARs%29+for+Estrogen+Binding+to+the+Estrogen+Receptor%3A+Predictions+Across+Species&rft.au=Tong%2C+Weida%3BPerkins%2C+Roger%3BStrelitz%2C+Richard%3BCollantes%2C+Elizabeth+R%3BKeenan%2C+Susan%3BWelsh%2C+William+J%3BBranham%2C+William+S&rft.aulast=Tong&rft.aufirst=Weida&rft.date=1997-10-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1116&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 3 |t diagrams N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - SPECIES COMPARISONS; HORMONAL EFFECTS; QUANTITATIVE STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATION; MATHEMATIC MODELS, BIOLOGICAL ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cadmium Burden of Men and Women Who Report Regular Consumption of Confectionery Sunflower Kernels Containing a Natural Abundance of Cadmium AN - 14471738; 10544850 AB - WHO recommendations cite a provisional tolerable weekly intake of 490 mu g of cadmium for a person weighing 70 kg. A consistent intake of 1 oz of sunflower kernels can increase the average consumption of Cd to about 235 mu g/week. In North Dakota and Minnesota, the impact of the consumption of confectionery sunflower kernels on the Cd burden in recruited men and women was studied. The subjects were divided into two categories: those who reported consuming 1 oz of the kernels/week over the past year, and those who had consumed less than 1 oz. Dietary Cd intake was determined by data-base calculations of the Cd content of foods reported by individuals in a 7-d food diary. Results showed that women who consumed more than 1 oz of sunflower kernel/week had Cd intakes not significantly different than controls. In men, however, the Cd intakes were nearly twice as high as the controls. The amount of Cd in whole blood or red blood cells did not appear to be affected by Cd intake, nor did the urinary excretion of Cd. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Reeves, Philip G AU - Vanderpool, Richard A Y1 - 1997/10// PY - 1997 DA - Oct 1997 SP - 1098 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 105 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - CADMIUM KW - BIOACCUMULATION, PLANT KW - BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN KW - FOOD CONTAMINATION KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14471738?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Cadmium+Burden+of+Men+and+Women+Who+Report+Regular+Consumption+of+Confectionery+Sunflower+Kernels+Containing+a+Natural+Abundance+of+Cadmium&rft.au=Reeves%2C+Philip+G%3BVanderpool%2C+Richard+A&rft.aulast=Reeves&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.date=1997-10-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1098&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 8 |t Tables N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - CADMIUM; BIOACCUMULATION, PLANT; BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN; FOOD CONTAMINATION ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Children with Moderately Elevated Blood Lead Levels: A Role for Other Diagnostic Tests? AN - 14470769; 10544848 AB - Results are presented from a study that examined the potential limitations of relying exclusively on blood lead levels to determine the need for chelation therapy in children with moderately elevated blood Pb levels. An attempt was made to define subgroups of exposed children by combining measures of Pb exposure, erythrocyte protoporphyrin, and drug-responsiveness. The assessment was made by analyzing data obtained from children who had completed the Pb mobilization test in the Bronx and lower Westchester County, NY. Results showed that, in children with moderately elevated blood Pb levels, the toxicity and complete blood count indices were useful adjuncts in predicting the responsiveness of chelation therapy. Children with either an erythrocyte protoporphyrin level of less than 0.62 mu mol/l, mean corpuscular hemoglobin less than 23 pg, mean corpuscular volume less than 70 fl, or hemoglobin less than 106 g/l were found to be less likely to respond to drug treatment. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Markowitz, Morri E AU - Clemente, Isabella AU - Rosen, John F Y1 - 1997/10// PY - 1997 DA - Oct 1997 SP - 1084 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 105 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - MEASUREMENTS AND SENSING KW - PATHOLOGY, CHILDREN KW - BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS KW - BLOOD LEAD LEVEL KW - CHELATING AGENTS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14470769?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Children+with+Moderately+Elevated+Blood+Lead+Levels%3A+A+Role+for+Other+Diagnostic+Tests%3F&rft.au=Markowitz%2C+Morri+E%3BClemente%2C+Isabella%3BRosen%2C+John+F&rft.aulast=Markowitz&rft.aufirst=Morri&rft.date=1997-10-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1084&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 2 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - MEASUREMENTS AND SENSING; BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS; PATHOLOGY, CHILDREN; BLOOD LEAD LEVEL; CHELATING AGENTS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Behavioral Changes Following Participation in a Home Health Promotional Program in King County, Washington AN - 14470660; 10544854 AB - As part of the Master Home Environmentalist program in Seattle, WA, residential walk-through environmental surveys were conducted to assess exposure to residential pollutants and methods of controlling exposure. Results are presented from an examination of the behavioral changes of the residents who had participated in the program. Of the 36 households who participated, 31 made at least one change, with an average of 3.1 changes/household. The five most-implemented actions were: using fans or opening windows when the bathroom was in use; increasing the frequency of cleaning and/or vacuuming; opening windows whenever weather permitted; covering pillows and/or mattresses with plastic or cloth barriers; and removing shoes when entering the home. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Leung, Rainbow AU - Koenig, Jane Q AU - Simcox, Nancy AU - van Belle, Gerald AU - Fenske, Richard AU - Gilbert, Steven G Y1 - 1997/10// PY - 1997 DA - Oct 1997 SP - 1132 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 105 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - MITIGATIVE MEASURES KW - WASHINGTON STATE KW - BEHAVIOR KW - CHEMICAL CONTAMINATION CONTROL KW - SURVEYS KW - AIR POLLUTION, INDOOR KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14470660?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Behavioral+Changes+Following+Participation+in+a+Home+Health+Promotional+Program+in+King+County%2C+Washington&rft.au=Leung%2C+Rainbow%3BKoenig%2C+Jane+Q%3BSimcox%2C+Nancy%3Bvan+Belle%2C+Gerald%3BFenske%2C+Richard%3BGilbert%2C+Steven+G&rft.aulast=Leung&rft.aufirst=Rainbow&rft.date=1997-10-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1132&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 3 |t Tables N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - MITIGATIVE MEASURES; WASHINGTON STATE; AIR POLLUTION, INDOOR; CHEMICAL CONTAMINATION CONTROL; BEHAVIOR; SURVEYS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inorganic Arsenic: A Need and an Opportunity to Improve Risk Assessment AN - 14470615; 10544845 AB - Relatively high concentrations of inorganic arsenic in drinking water have been associated with disorders of the skin and cancers of the bladder, liver, lung, kidney, and colon. The issues central to risk assessment of As are outlined, including the regulatory procedures and default assumptions used for risk assessment. Considered are how US regulatory agencies estimate cancer risk and the limitations of information on As in terms of the biological mechanisms of As toxicity and the existing epidemiological studies. The recommendations of the As Task Force of the Society for Environmental Geochemistry and Health in support of risk assessment are summarized. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Chappell, W R AU - Beck, B D AU - Brown, K G AU - Chaney, R AU - Cothern, CRichard AU - Irgolic, K J AU - North, D W Y1 - 1997/10// PY - 1997 DA - Oct 1997 SP - 1060 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 105 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - RISK ASSESSMENT KW - CANCER RISK KW - ARSENIC KW - PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HUMAN KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14470615?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Inorganic+Arsenic%3A+A+Need+and+an+Opportunity+to+Improve+Risk+Assessment&rft.au=Chappell%2C+W+R%3BBeck%2C+B+D%3BBrown%2C+K+G%3BChaney%2C+R%3BCothern%2C+CRichard%3BIrgolic%2C+K+J%3BNorth%2C+D+W&rft.aulast=Chappell&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1997-10-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1060&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; CANCER RISK; PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HUMAN; ARSENIC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Empirical Modeling of an in Vitro Activity of Polychlorinated Biphenyl Congeners and Mixtures AN - 14469954; 10544851 AB - In an in vitro test system with different PCB congeners and PCB mixtures, the effects on protein kinase translocation were determined by measuring the radiolabeled phorbol ester binding in cerebellar granule cells. The data were interpreted using a nonlinear doseresponse exponential model, which allowed for the minimum level to be less than the control, a common slope, and an estimation of the log of the concentration that produced an activity 50% above the control activity for 36 congeners and three commercial PCB mixtures. The modeling protocol is detailed. Modeling results suggested that congeners with one, two, or three chlorine substitutions at the ortho position were more active than other congeners. More activity was also observed for congeners with log octanolwater partition coefficients ranging 5.26.6. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Svendsgaard, David J AU - Ward, Thomas R AU - Tilson, Hugh A AU - Kodavanti, Prasada Rao S Y1 - 1997/10// PY - 1997 DA - Oct 1997 SP - 1106 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 105 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS KW - NEUROTOXICITY KW - CHEMICAL ANALYSIS KW - QUANTITATIVE STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATION KW - MATHEMATIC MODELS, BIOLOGICAL KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14469954?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Empirical+Modeling+of+an+in+Vitro+Activity+of+Polychlorinated+Biphenyl+Congeners+and+Mixtures&rft.au=Svendsgaard%2C+David+J%3BWard%2C+Thomas+R%3BTilson%2C+Hugh+A%3BKodavanti%2C+Prasada+Rao+S&rft.aulast=Svendsgaard&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1997-10-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1106&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t diagrams N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - NEUROTOXICITY; POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS; CHEMICAL ANALYSIS; QUANTITATIVE STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATION; MATHEMATIC MODELS, BIOLOGICAL ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Semi-Individual Study in Air Pollution Epidemiology: a Valid Design as Compared to Ecological Studies AN - 14469941; 10544847 AB - Given that epidemiologic studies evaluate causality only indirectly through proxy exposures of varying specificity, it becomes important to have specific guidelines to infer the causality. Since the controversial question of causal inference from epidemiologic studies that assess the impact of normal ambient air pollution is important in the policy and public-health arena, the definition of truly ecologic studies is defined, and the term, semi-individual study, is introduced for a widely used type of air-pollution study. In a semi-individual design, a broad range of individual-level data is available. This study type comprises individual-level air-pollution studies with ecologic-exposure assignment to more readily permit valid inference to individuals. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Kunzli, Nino AU - Tager, Ira B Y1 - 1997/10// PY - 1997 DA - Oct 1997 SP - 1078 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 105 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - MEASUREMENTS AND SENSING KW - AIR POLLUTION EFFECTS KW - ECOLOGY, HUMAN KW - AIR POLLUTION RESEARCH KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14469941?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+Semi-Individual+Study+in+Air+Pollution+Epidemiology%3A+a+Valid+Design+as+Compared+to+Ecological+Studies&rft.au=Kunzli%2C+Nino%3BTager%2C+Ira+B&rft.aulast=Kunzli&rft.aufirst=Nino&rft.date=1997-10-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1078&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 2 |t Tables N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - MEASUREMENTS AND SENSING; AIR POLLUTION EFFECTS; ECOLOGY, HUMAN; AIR POLLUTION RESEARCH ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pesticides and Childhood Cancers AN - 14469903; 10544846 AB - While there have been a number of epidemiologic studies on the relationship between pesticide exposures and the risk of childhood cancer, the potential mechanisms remain speculative. The methods and results of published studies of occupational and residential pesticide use and the risk of these cancers are reviewed. The characteristics of the studies, which have considered cancers of the brain and central nervous system and leukemia, are tabulated. While many of the studies suggest an association between certain exposures and certain cancers, future epidemiologic research needs to incorporate methodologic improvements, which are discussed, in order to confirm and further define any associations. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Daniels, Julie L AU - Olshan, Andrew F AU - Savitz, David A Y1 - 1997/10// PY - 1997 DA - Oct 1997 SP - 1068 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 105 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - CANCER RISK KW - PATHOLOGY, CHILDREN KW - PESTICIDE USAGE, RESIDENTIAL KW - PESTICIDE EXPOSURE KW - LITERATURE SURVEYS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14469903?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Pesticides+and+Childhood+Cancers&rft.au=Daniels%2C+Julie+L%3BOlshan%2C+Andrew+F%3BSavitz%2C+David+A&rft.aulast=Daniels&rft.aufirst=Julie&rft.date=1997-10-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1068&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 4 |t Tables N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - CANCER RISK; PESTICIDE USAGE, RESIDENTIAL; PATHOLOGY, CHILDREN; PESTICIDE EXPOSURE; LITERATURE SURVEYS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hair Analysis Does Not Support Hypothesized Arsenic and Chromium Exposure from Drinking Water in Woburn, Massachusetts AN - 14469658; 10544849 AB - Elevated levels of arsenic and chromium have been detected in two municipal drinking-water wells in Woburn, MA. Results are presented from a study that compared As and Cr concentrations in hair samples of residents with estimates of each donor's access to water from the two impacted wells. A model of the Woburn water-distribution system was used to estimate access to the wells. The arithmetic mean concentrations of As and Cr in the hair of residents who did not have access to water from the two wells were 0.22 and 2.82 mu g/g, respectively, while those in residents with access were 0.21 and 2.80 mu g/g, respectively. The possible causes of these findings are elucidated and examined. Even though elevated concentrations were not observed in the study, As concentrations in the hair samples were found to have changed over time, decreasing over the past 50 yr. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Rogers, Catriona E AU - Tomita, Aoy V AU - Trowbridge, Philip R AU - Gone, Jec-Kong AU - Chen, Jia AU - Zeeb, Peter AU - Hemond, Harold F Y1 - 1997/10// PY - 1997 DA - Oct 1997 SP - 1090 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 105 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - CHROMIUM KW - BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN KW - WATER POLLUTION INDICATORS KW - HAIR KW - ARSENIC KW - MASSACHUSETTS KW - WATER, DRINKING KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14469658?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Hair+Analysis+Does+Not+Support+Hypothesized+Arsenic+and+Chromium+Exposure+from+Drinking+Water+in+Woburn%2C+Massachusetts&rft.au=Rogers%2C+Catriona+E%3BTomita%2C+Aoy+V%3BTrowbridge%2C+Philip+R%3BGone%2C+Jec-Kong%3BChen%2C+Jia%3BZeeb%2C+Peter%3BHemond%2C+Harold+F&rft.aulast=Rogers&rft.aufirst=Catriona&rft.date=1997-10-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1090&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 6 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - CHROMIUM; ARSENIC; MASSACHUSETTS; WATER, DRINKING; WATER POLLUTION INDICATORS; BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN; HAIR ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reproductive Toxins and Alligator Abnormalities at Lake Apopka, Florida AN - 14469262; 10544844 AB - During a review of sampling reports and inventory documents for Lake Apopka, FL, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention became aware of two other reproductive toxins in alligators other than DDT. These were the nematocides, 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane and ethylene dibromide. The historical monitoring records regarding these toxins are analyzed, showing that the complex exposure scenario presented at the lake cannot be reconstructed with certainty. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Semenza, Jan C AU - Tolbert, Paige E AU - Rubin, Carol H AU - Guillette, Louis J AU - Jackson, Richard J Y1 - 1997/10// PY - 1997 DA - Oct 1997 SP - 1030 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 105 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - LAKES KW - NEMATOCIDE RESIDUES KW - FLORIDA KW - ALLIGATORS KW - REPRODUCTION, ANIMAL KW - WATER POLLUTION EFFECTS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14469262?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Reproductive+Toxins+and+Alligator+Abnormalities+at+Lake+Apopka%2C+Florida&rft.au=Semenza%2C+Jan+C%3BTolbert%2C+Paige+E%3BRubin%2C+Carol+H%3BGuillette%2C+Louis+J%3BJackson%2C+Richard+J&rft.aulast=Semenza&rft.aufirst=Jan&rft.date=1997-10-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1030&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t maps N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - LAKES; NEMATOCIDE RESIDUES; REPRODUCTION, ANIMAL; ALLIGATORS; FLORIDA; WATER POLLUTION EFFECTS ER - TY - GEN T1 - Moderator's Guide To Eighth-Grade Mathematics Lessons: United States, Japan, and Germany. TIMSS as a Starting Point To Examine Teaching. AN - 62616654; ED410125 AB - This teaching module with its 80-minute videotape of lessons from U.S., Japanese, and German classrooms is designed to help moderators facilitate discussion among educators. This guide is intended to help moderators make appropriate decisions about sessions and suggest items to consider when discussing the Third International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) videotape, "Eighth-Grade Mathematics Lessons: United States, Japan, and Germany". The guide is organized into sections on: (1) preparation for sessions to discuss the TIMSS videotape; (2) descriptions of six algebra and geometry lessons from the U.S., Japan, and Germany that appear on the videotape; (3) research methods and findings from the TIMSS videotape classroom study; (4) background information on education in the U.S., Japan, and Germany; (5) frequently asked questions and answers; (6) handout/transparency masters; (7) lesson tables; and (8) lesson transcripts. (AIM) Y1 - 1997/09// PY - 1997 DA - September 1997 SP - 202 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402 (stock no. GPO-065-000-01025-9: VHS Videotape, $20). KW - Germany KW - Japan KW - Third International Mathematics and Science Study KW - United States KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Science Education KW - Area Studies KW - Elementary Education KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Mathematics Achievement KW - Junior High Schools KW - Videotape Recordings KW - Standardized Tests KW - Middle Schools KW - Mathematics Education KW - Grade 8 KW - Comparative Analysis KW - International Studies KW - Algebra KW - Foreign Countries KW - Mathematics Curriculum KW - Geometry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62616654?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Also included as a component of the multimedia res N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - NHES:91/93/95/96 Electronic CodeBook (ECB) User's Guide. National Household Education Survey. AN - 62552011; ED412282 AB - The National Household Education Survey (NHES) is a random digit dial telephone survey of households developed by the National Center for Education Statistics. It has been conducted in 1991, 1993, 1995, and 1996, with varying components each year. The NHES 91/93/95/96 CD-ROM contains an electronic codebook (ECB) program that, after being installed on a personal computer, allows the user to examine the variables in each of the NHES data sets as well as create Statistical Analysis System (SAS) or Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) programs to generate an extract data file for any of the NHES data files on the CD-ROM. The files include the 1991 and 1995 Adult Education files, the primary and preprimary education files from 1991, the school readiness and school safety files from 1993, the 1995 early childhood program participation file, and the 1996 household and library, parent and family involvement in education and civic involvement, youth civic involvement, and adult civic involvement files. The ECB is a DOS-based program for IBM-compatible personal computers. Sections describe its contents and use, focusing on what can be done with the ECB and how to do it. Emphasis is on extracting information from the files. Eight appendixes provide specific use information and samples, including SAS and SPSS samples. (SLD) AU - Collins, Mary A. AU - Chandler, Kathryn Y1 - 1997/09// PY - 1997 DA - September 1997 SP - 94 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160492025 KW - Data Files KW - National Household Education Survey KW - Random Digit Dialing KW - User Guides KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Coding KW - Research Methodology KW - Response Rates (Questionnaires) KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Early Childhood Education KW - School Safety KW - National Surveys KW - Adults KW - Children KW - Citizen Participation KW - Attitudes KW - Parent Participation KW - Data Collection KW - Sampling KW - Sample Size KW - Data Analysis KW - School Readiness KW - Adult Education UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62552011?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - The Social Context of Education. Findings from "The Condition of Education, 1997," No. 10. AN - 62551820; ED413396 AB - Data from "The Condition of Education, 1997" are used to show how changes over time in the composition of students in terms of factors such as student English language proficiency, family income, parents' education, and family structure affect the social context of education. This report traces associations between these student-level social factors and different indicators of educational access and progress. For each factor, the report shows changes over time and how the factor affects various racial and ethnic groups. The following factors are considered: (1) student background; (2) changes in the social background of children; (3) the social context of public schools; (4) learning environment in high and low poverty schools; and (5) resource equity across high and low poverty schools. Findings indicate: the structure of families is shifting away from the two-parent family, and the percentage of children of minority background is increasing, as is the percentage of children who have difficulty speaking English; median family income has been relatively stagnant over the past 25 years, and the poverty rate has changed very little; and Black and Hispanic children are still more likely to live in poverty, and to attend schools with a high level of poverty. On the positive side, more children live in home with more educated parents than a few decades ago, and parent education level is a strong predictor of student achievement. Changes in social context present challenges schools must address to enhance their effectiveness and ensure educational progress. (Contains nine figures and seven tables.) (SLD) AU - Young, Beth Aronstamm AU - Smith, Thomas M. Y1 - 1997/09// PY - 1997 DA - September 1997 SP - 44 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. VL - NCES-97-981 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Parent Education KW - Social Influences KW - Low Income Groups KW - Context Effect KW - Language Proficiency KW - Access to Education KW - Student Characteristics KW - Social Change KW - Family Structure KW - Educational Indicators KW - Academic Achievement KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Educational Trends KW - Higher Education KW - Minority Groups KW - Trend Analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62551820?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For "The Condition of Education, 1997," see ED 404 N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Public and Private Schools: How Do They Differ? Findings from "The Condition of Education, 1997," No. 12. AN - 62546956; ED411593 AB - Because private schools are often perceived to be more successful in teaching students, many reform proposals for public schools have looked to the private sector for models to emulate. This booklet contains national data that compare public and private schools along a number of important dimensions. The discussion begins with an examination of two fundamental differences between public and private schools: their sources of support and the role of choice in determining where students go to school. Next is a description of the characteristics of teachers and students and how they differ in the public and private sectors. Following that is a comparison of selected aspects of the organization and management of public and private schools, including school and class size and who makes policy decisions for the school and classroom. Next, the varying circumstances under which teaching and learning take place in public and private schools (the school climate) are examined. The final sections describe differences in academic programs and support services. Although there is much variation within each sector, aggregate data show that public school students present their schools with greater challenges than do their private school counterparts. Overall, teachers in public schools are more likely than their private school counterparts to have certain attributes that are thought to contribute to effective teaching. Public school teachers earn more and receive more benefits. Despite poorer pay, private school teachers as a group are more satisfied than public school teachers with their jobs. Finally, private school students take more advanced courses than do public high school students. Eight figures and 16 tables are included. (Contains 25 references). (LMI) AU - Choy, Susan P. Y1 - 1997/09// PY - 1997 DA - September 1997 SP - 45 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328 SN - 0160492211 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - School Support KW - Academic Achievement KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - National Surveys KW - Tuition KW - Teacher Salaries KW - Professional Autonomy KW - Public Schools KW - Services KW - Racial Distribution KW - School Organization KW - School Choice KW - School Size KW - Organizational Climate KW - Teacher Qualifications KW - Private Schools KW - Class Size UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62546956?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For "The Condition of Education, 1997," see ED 404 N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Degrees and Other Awards Conferred by Institutions of Higher Education: 1994-95. E.D.Tabs. AN - 62546174; ED412860 AB - This report presents data on the degrees conferred by the nation's accredited institutions of higher education. The report is based on the 1994-95 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System's "Completion" survey of approximately 3,500 institutions within the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Highlights of the report include: 2.2 million degrees were awarded during the year (an increase of 0.5 percent over the previous year) of which 52.3 percent were bachelor's degrees; the majority of degrees were awarded by public institutions; the majority of degrees awarded at the master's level and below were to women; three-quarters of all degrees were awarded to white students, 17.2 percent to minority students, and 7.8 percent to nonresident aliens (although nonresident aliens received 25 percent of all doctoral degrees); the share of degrees awarded to minorities was highest at the associate degree level and dropped at each successive degree level; and over 19 percent of first-professional degrees were awarded to minorities; almost one-fifth of all bachelor's degrees were in business management/administrative services; degrees in math and science comprised only 2.8 percent at the bachelor's level, but over 20 percent at the doctoral level. A glossary is included. (DB) AU - Morgan, Frank B. Y1 - 1997/09// PY - 1997 DA - September 1997 SP - 91 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160492335 KW - Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Masters Degrees KW - Majors (Students) KW - Higher Education KW - National Surveys KW - Associate Degrees KW - Foreign Students KW - Degrees (Academic) KW - Minority Groups KW - Bachelors Degrees KW - Sex Differences KW - Doctoral Degrees KW - Data Collection KW - Tables (Data) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62546174?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For the previous 1993-94 report, see ED 397 761. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Current Funds Revenues and Expenditures of Institutions of Higher Education: Fiscal Years 1987 through 1995. E.D. Tabs. AN - 62545401; ED412817 AB - This report presents revenue and expenditure data for accredited college-level institutions of higher education in the 50 states and the District of Columbia for fiscal years 1987-1995. Data is based on the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS) Finance survey. Revenue data for both private and public institutions include source of revenue, such as tuition and fees, and state appropriations. Expenditure data cover instruction, research, and public service; there are separate schedules for salary and scholarship/grant data. Highlights of the report include the following: (1) in fiscal year 1995 the largest source of revenue for state institutions was state appropriations; tuition and fees were the second largest; (2) increases in both revenues and expenditures have outpaced inflation for both public and private institutions; (3) public institutions allocate approximately one-third of expenditures for instruction and 10 percent for research, while private institutions allocate about 27 percent of expenditures to instruction and less than 8 percent to research; (4) both public and private two-year institutions receive a higher percentage of revenue from tuition and fees than four-year institutions; and (5) distribution of expenditures for public four-year institutions does not appear to be a function of state location. Appended to the report are a glossary and a section on survey methodology. (CH) AU - Barbett, Samuel AU - Korb, Roslun A. Y1 - 1997/09// PY - 1997 DA - September 1997 SP - 63 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160492092 KW - Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Financial Support KW - Two Year Colleges KW - Salaries KW - Scholarships KW - Educational Finance KW - Resource Allocation KW - Public Colleges KW - Private Colleges KW - School Funds KW - Inflation (Economics) KW - Higher Education KW - Instructional Student Costs KW - Operating Expenses KW - State Aid KW - Income KW - Expenditures KW - Categorical Aid KW - Noninstructional Student Costs KW - Statistical Surveys KW - Trend Analysis KW - State Colleges UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62545401?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For 1986-1994 report, see ED 399 899. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Postsecondary Persistence and Attainment. Findings from "The Condition of Education, 1997," No. 13. AN - 62544773; ED412859 AB - This booklet summarizes data on the persistence and attainment outcomes of students in postsecondary education and the enrollment factors related to these outcomes. The primary data describe students, as of 1994, who began their postsecondary education in the 1989-90 academic year. Additional data describe postsecondary education experiences of 1980 high school sophomores 10 years after their expected graduation and the experiences of 16- to 24-year-olds from the 1970s to the 1990s. Generally, the evidence suggests: that students who attend school part time and work full time are less likely to complete their degree in a timely fashion than full-time students; that students enrolling in a 4-year institution immediately following high school are more likely to attain a bachelor's degree within five years than students taking other routes; and that bachelor's degree seekers who did or did not receive financial aid persisted and attained at similar rates. The report's major findings are reported in sections on: postsecondary access, postsecondary outcomes, degree objective, type of institution, timing of enrollment, enrollment intensity and continuity, financial aid, and working while enrolled. (Contains 30 references.) (DB) AU - Cuccaro-Alamin, Stephanie Y1 - 1997/09// PY - 1997 DA - September 1997 SP - 39 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 016049222X KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Student Employment KW - Two Year Colleges KW - Postsecondary Education KW - Access to Education KW - School Holding Power KW - Part Time Students KW - Academic Achievement KW - Higher Education KW - Outcomes of Education KW - Time to Degree KW - Student Financial Aid KW - Degrees (Academic) KW - Bachelors Degrees KW - Colleges KW - Academic Aspiration KW - Full Time Students KW - Enrollment KW - Community Colleges KW - College Outcomes Assessment KW - Academic Persistence KW - Student Educational Objectives UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62544773?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For "The Condition of Education, 1997," see ED 404 N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Characteristics and Attitudes of Instructional Faculty and Staff in the Humanities. 1993 National Study of Postsecondary Faculty (NSOPF-93). E.D. Tabs. AN - 62544332; ED412820 AB - The report focuses on the demographic characteristics, employment characteristics, workload, productivity, compensation, and attitudes of full-time instructional faculty teaching humanities at 4-year institutions of higher education in the fall of 1992. Data tables cover the humanities generally and specific program areas of English and literature, foreign languages, history, and philosophy and religion. Comparisons are made between humanities faculty and faculty in business, law, and communications; natural sciences and engineering; and social sciences and education. Among the highlights noted are the following: (1) faculty holding the rank of full professor varies by discipline; (2) while about one-half of faculty in English and foreign languages were female, only 24 percent in history and 13 percent in philosophy and religion were; (3) a higher percentage of faculty in humanities reported teaching as a principal activity than those in natural or social sciences and education; and (4) humanities faculty were more likely to report dissatisfaction with their workload than faculty business and communications, natural or social sciences, and education. Appendixes include technical notes, standard error tables, and the faculty questionnaire used.(CH) AU - Conley, Valerie M. AU - Zimbler, Linda J. Y1 - 1997/09// PY - 1997 DA - September 1997 SP - 145 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160492300 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Humanities Instruction KW - Compensation (Remuneration) KW - Full Time Faculty KW - Questionnaires KW - Faculty KW - Business Education KW - Teacher Attitudes KW - Higher Education KW - National Surveys KW - English Literature KW - Faculty Workload KW - Demography KW - Teacher Surveys KW - Comparative Analysis KW - Colleges KW - Statistical Analysis KW - History Instruction KW - Philosophy KW - Humanities KW - Educational Assessment KW - Attitude Measures KW - Productivity KW - Faculty College Relationship UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62544332?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Data File Users Manual. Volume IV. Youth Civic Involvement Data File. National Household Education Survey of 1996. User's Manual. AN - 62541635; ED411329 AB - The 1996 National Household Education Survey (NHES:96) was a random digit dial telephone survey of households developed by the National Center for Education Statistics and conducted by Westat, Inc. The 1996 NHES included two topical survey components: Parent and Family Involvement in Education and Civic Involvement. This manual provides documentation and guidance for users of the public release data file for the Youth Civic Involvement (CI) component of the 1996 NHES. Students in grades 6 though 12 responded to these CI items. The volume contains a description of the Youth CI data file and a discussion of data considerations and anomalies. This volume is meant to be read in conjunction with the "NHES:96 Data File User's Manual, Volume I," which contains more information about the entire study, its design, and implementation. The Youth CI data file contains data from all completed Youth CI interviews. Since there are 3 records for each youth interview, the file contains 24,129 records for the 8,043 cases. The file is organized so that logically related sets of variables are grouped together. Data files are listed as follows: (1) system variables; (2) household membership variables; (3) questionnaire item variables; (4) household characteristics variables; (5) derived variables; (6) weighting and variance estimation variables; and (7) imputation flag variables. Four appendixes contain the public file layout, the Statistical Analysis System code for creating derived variables, the codebook for the Youth CI file, and directions and sample codes for linking NHES:96 data files. (SLD) AU - Collins, Mary A. AU - Brick, Michael J. AU - Nolin, Mary Jo AU - Gilmore, Susan AU - Chandler, Kathryn AU - Chapman, Chris Y1 - 1997/09// PY - 1997 DA - September 1997 SP - 145 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160491983 KW - Civic Values KW - Data Files KW - National Center for Education Statistics KW - National Household Education Survey KW - Weighting (Statistical) KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Elementary School Students KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Secondary School Students KW - National Surveys KW - Citizenship Responsibility KW - Citizen Participation KW - User Needs (Information) KW - Telephone Surveys KW - Estimation (Mathematics) KW - Participation KW - Data Collection KW - Data Analysis KW - Youth KW - Family (Sociological Unit) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62541635?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - National Household Education Survey of 1996: Data File User's Manual, Volume I. AN - 62536992; ED412279 AB - The 1996 National Household Education Survey (NHES:96) was a random digit dial telephone survey of households that was developed by the National Center for Education Statistics and conducted by Westat, Inc. The NHES:96 included two topical survey components, "Parent and Family Involvement in Education," (PFI) which collected data about family involvement in children's schooling, and "Civic Involvement," (CI) which collected data about participation in civic activities and attitudes toward government. This manual provides documentation and guidance for users of the four public release data files of the NHES:96: the Household and Library File, the PFI and CI files, the Youth Civic Involvement file, and the Adult Civic Involvement File. Volume I contains information about the purpose of the study, the data collection instruments, the sample design, and data collection and data processing procedures. Volumes II through V each contain a guide to the data file and its codebook, a discussion of data considerations and anomalies, and, in appendixes, the file layout and additional information. This volume contains the following sections: (1) "Introduction"; (2) "Description of Data Collection Instruments"; (3) "Sample Design and Implementation"; (4) "Data Collection Methods and Response Rates"; and (5) "Data Preparation." An appendix presents the screener for the four files. (Contains 1 figure, 17 tables and 25 references.) (SLD) AU - Collins, Mary A. AU - Brick, Michael J. AU - Nolin, Mary Jo AU - Vaden-Kiernan, Nancy AU - Gilmore, Susan AU - Chandler, Kathryn AU - Chapman, Chris Y1 - 1997/09// PY - 1997 DA - September 1997 SP - 155 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160491959 KW - Data Files KW - National Household Education Survey KW - Random Digit Dialing KW - User Guides KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Research Methodology KW - Response Rates (Questionnaires) KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - National Surveys KW - Adults KW - Children KW - Citizen Participation KW - Attitudes KW - Parent Participation KW - Data Collection KW - Sampling KW - Sample Size KW - Data Analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62536992?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For Volumes I through III, see TM 027 735-737. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Directory of Public Elementary and Secondary Education Agencies, 1994-95. AN - 62535328; ED411594 AB - One of the major responsibilities of the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) is to report on the condition of public elementary and secondary education in the United States. In support of this mission, NCES collects from state education agencies selected data items about all the public elementary and secondary schools and education agencies in the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and the 5 outlying areas: American Samoa, Guam, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. Information is also provided by the U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) on its dependents schools overseas. The NCES Common Core of Data (CCD) surveys annually collect information on the universe of public schools and education agencies. This publication presents data primarily from the spring 1995 CCD survey. The introduction contains several tables that provide an overview of the patterns of elementary/secondary education agencies within the reporting states. They are followed by the listing of education agencies, organized by state and type of agency. The directory lists all reported public elementary/secondary education agencies in the 50 states, the District of Columbia, the five outlying areas, and the DOD. Six tables are included. Appendices contain the addresses of state education agencies and samples of the education-agency survey form and the school-universe survey form. (LMI) AU - McDowell, Lena AU - Sietsema, John Y1 - 1997/09// PY - 1997 DA - September 1997 SP - 791 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160492238 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - State Departments of Education KW - Public Agencies KW - Instructional Program Divisions KW - State Agencies KW - School Districts KW - Public Education KW - Enrollment KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - National Surveys KW - School District Size UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62535328?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For the 1988 directory, see ED 306 690. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Women in Mathematics and Science. Findings from "The Condition of Education, 1997," No. 11. AN - 62534522; ED412137 AB - This report reviews the most current data on women's progress in mathematics and science achievement, attitudes, course-taking patterns, and college majors. Results of recent studies suggest that many factors such as parental encouragement, teacher preparation, teacher student interactions, curriculum content, hands-on laboratory experiences, self-concept, attitudes toward mathematics and science, availability of mentors, and home resources contribute to the attitudes, access, and achievement of young women in mathematics and science. The research cited here suggests that the gender gap in science and mathematics in the United States appears at Grade 10 while internationally the gap appears around Grade 8. Despite this, there are still substantial differences between women and men in mathematics, computer science, engineering and science fields. Contains 29 references. (DDR) AU - Bae, Yupin AU - Smith, Thomas M. Y1 - 1997/09// PY - 1997 DA - September 1997 SP - 35 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160492203 KW - Condition of Education (NCES) KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Student Attitudes KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Sex Differences KW - Course Selection (Students) KW - Academic Achievement KW - Statistical Data KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Science Instruction KW - Higher Education KW - Career Choice UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62534522?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Federal Support for Education. Fiscal Years 1980 to 1997. AN - 62534458; ED412287 AB - This report attempts to provide a comprehensive picture of total federal financial support for education since fiscal year 1980. Programs from agencies other than the Department of Education are included if they have significant educational components. To the extent possible, outlays were used in this report rather than obligations, with the exception of funds for academic research at institutions of higher education. Federal education funding is divided into on-budget funding, off-budget funding, and nonfederal funds generated by federal programs, and current and constant dollar comparisons were used to the extent possible. In fiscal year 1997, federal support for education, excluding estimated federal tax expenditures, was an estimated $100.5 billion, an increase of $37.7 billion since 1990. On-budget federal funds for education programs were estimated at $73.1 billion, an increase of 42% since fiscal year 1990 in current dollars, or of 16% after being adjusted for inflation. In fiscal year 1997, education outlays totaled $31.1 billion, reflecting an increase of 22% after being adjusted for inflation. Almost 58% of federal education support, excluding estimated federal income tax expenditures, went to educational institutions in fiscal year 1997. Schools and colleges derived 10% of their fiscal year 1997 revenues from the federal government, with the remaining revenues from state and local governments, individuals, and private organizations. This represented a decline from the 14% federal share of fiscal year 1980. Six appendixes provide detailed tables of federal support funds. (Contains nine tables and three figures.) (SLD) AU - Hoffman, Charlene M. Y1 - 1997/09// PY - 1997 DA - September 1997 SP - 55 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. VL - NCES-97-383 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Financial Support KW - Public Schools KW - Public Agencies KW - Federal Aid KW - Government Role KW - Educational Finance KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Educational Trends KW - Higher Education KW - Budgets KW - Trend Analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62534458?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Child Health USA '96-'97. AN - 62533855; ED415025 AB - Intended to inform policymaking in the public and private sector, this booklet compiles secondary data for 53 health status indicators and service needs of America's children. The book provides both a graphic and textual summary for the data and addresses long-term trends, where applicable. Some statistics indicate the extent of progress toward "Healthy People 2000" goals or a reduction in the prevalence of unhealthy behaviors, while others reveal escalating health problems. Following the introduction, which discusses trends and issues in children's health, the booklet has six sections: (1) "Population Characteristics," including children in poverty, working mothers, child care, and school dropouts; (2) "Health Status," discussing the health issues related to infants, children, and adolescents; (3) "Health Services and Utilization," including health care financing, vaccination coverage levels, physician visits, service utilization by children with chronic conditions, postpartum hospital discharge, and prenatal care; (4) "State-Specific Data," including tables of state-level data on infant, perinatal, and neonatal mortality, prenatal care, low birth weight, births to women under 18, Medicaid information, and health care financing; (5) "City Data," focusing on comparisons between cities with populations over 100,000 and national data on infant mortality, low birth weight, and prenatal care; and (6) Progress Towards Healthy People 2000 Objectives," summarizing progress toward several objectives. Contains approximately 50 references. (KB) Y1 - 1997/09// PY - 1997 DA - September 1997 SP - 83 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. KW - Healthy People 2000 KW - Indicators KW - Medicaid KW - Vaccination KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Social Indicators KW - Birth Weight KW - Early Parenthood KW - Mortality Rate KW - Mothers KW - Employed Parents KW - Dropout Rate KW - Child Health KW - Infant Mortality KW - Prenatal Care KW - Health Care Costs KW - Demography KW - Health Needs KW - Municipalities KW - Poverty KW - Day Care KW - Incidence KW - Health Behavior KW - Tables (Data) KW - Adolescents KW - Infants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62533855?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For 1994 edition, see ED 376 387; for 1995 edition N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Instructional Faculty and Staff in Higher Education Institutions: Fall 1987 and Fall 1992. 1993 National Study of Postsecondary Faculty (NSOPF-93). Statistical Analysis Report. AN - 62528532; ED412888 AB - This report compares findings from faculty surveys conducted as part of the 1987-88 National Survey of Postsecondary Faculty, which is limited to faculty and staff with instructional responsibilities, and the 1992-93 National Study of Postsecondary Faculty, which includes instructional as well as noninstructional faculty. In particular, the report examines faculty composition (employment and tenure status, academic rank, highest degree, and social/demographic characteristics); work requirements (workweek, time allocation, instructional workload, research productivity, workload satisfaction); and salaries (overall compensation, by source of income, and satisfaction with salary and benefits). Some of the changes from 1987 to 1992 highlighted by the report include: an increase in the percentage of part-time instructional faculty; no change in the percentage of faculty who held the rank of full professor; a decline in the percentage of tenured faculty; some "aging" of both faculty and staff; an increase of 6 percent in female faculty; little change in the percentage of white, full time faculty; less satisfaction with workloads; a fairly constant level of research productivity; little change in the overall duration of the work week; and salaries keeping pace with inflation. The four appendices include supplementary tables, technical notes, standard error tables and survey questionnaires. (LEE) AU - Kirshstein, Rita J. AU - Matheson, Nancy AU - Jing, Zhongren AU - Zimbler, Linda J. Y1 - 1997/09// PY - 1997 DA - September 1997 SP - 257 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160492319 KW - National Study of Postsecondary Faculty KW - National Survey of Postsecondary Faculty KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Compensation (Remuneration) KW - Women Faculty KW - Tenure KW - Full Time Faculty KW - Salaries KW - Part Time Faculty KW - Higher Education KW - Faculty Workload KW - College Faculty KW - Demography KW - Comparative Analysis KW - Social Characteristics KW - Teaching Load KW - Statistical Analysis KW - Statistical Data KW - Academic Rank (Professional) KW - Statistical Surveys UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62528532?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - A Guide To Using Data from the National Household Education Survey (NHES). User's Guide. AN - 62526813; ED411328 AB - This guide provides users of the National Household Education Survey (NHES) data with suggested techniques for working with the data files. Special attention is paid to topics that will help users avoid the most commonly made mistakes in working with NHES data. The guide is meant to be an introduction and an overview, and not a substitute for the separate user's manuals and other reports. The NHES is a data collection system of the National Center for Education Statistics that provides descriptive data on the educational activities of the U.S. population and offers policymakers, researchers, and educators a variety of statistics on the condition of education in the United States. The primary purpose of the NHES is to collect repeated measurements of the same phenomena at different points in time, but one-time surveys of topics of interest may be fielded. The NHES is a telephone survey of the noninstitutionalized civilian population of the United States, and households are selected using random digit dialing methods. The NHES has been conducted in 1991, 1993, 1995, and 1996. This guide contains the following sections: (1) introduction and overview; (2) brief descriptions of the separate NHES data files; (3) comparisons with other data sets; (4) familiarization with the data and descriptions of data collection and processing; (5) selecting variables for working data sets; (6) NHES design; (7) working with missing data; and (8) weights and estimation procedures. Appendixes contain commonly asked questions and answers, examples that illustrate points in the text, and a summary of weighting and sample variance estimation variables. (Contains 10 references.) (SLD) AU - Collins, Mary A. AU - Chandler, Kathryn Y1 - 1997/09// PY - 1997 DA - September 1997 SP - 63 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160492009 KW - Data Files KW - National Household Education Survey KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - User Needs (Information) KW - Telephone Surveys KW - Estimation (Mathematics) KW - Research Methodology KW - Researchers KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Data Collection KW - National Surveys KW - Data Analysis KW - Research Design KW - Family (Sociological Unit) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62526813?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cutting Grass: In Search of the Australian Male AN - 61529446; 199803028 AB - Draws on personal experiences as a family court counselor to examine the sociological, historical, & metaphorical aspects of what defines Australian men's self-identities, drawing an analogy with the weekend ritual of lawn mowing. It is noted that Australian men cut their grass extremely short while American men allow it to grow long, suggesting a lesser need to control their environment. Australian men tend to define their relationships in terms of an absence of negatives, rather than in terms of positives, revealing a self-image based on historical, cultural, environmental, & gender influences that make them unique. Poems are presented that underpin the discussion. 10 References. J. Lindroth JF - The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Family Therapy AU - Sedgman, Keith AD - Family Court, GPO Box 9991 Brisbane Australia Y1 - 1997/09// PY - 1997 DA - September 1997 SP - 143 EP - 147 VL - 18 IS - 3 SN - 0814-723X, 0814-723X KW - Gardening KW - Masculinity KW - Natural Environment KW - Social Identity KW - Sex Role Identity KW - Males KW - Australia KW - article KW - 6144: social welfare UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61529446?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocialservices&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Australian+and+New+Zealand+Journal+of+Family+Therapy&rft.atitle=Cutting+Grass%3A+In+Search+of+the+Australian+Male&rft.au=Sedgman%2C+Keith&rft.aulast=Sedgman&rft.aufirst=Keith&rft.date=1997-09-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=143&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Australian+and+New+Zealand+Journal+of+Family+Therapy&rft.issn=0814723X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Social Services Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Australia; Males; Masculinity; Social Identity; Sex Role Identity; Gardening; Natural Environment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Discussion Paper: Inside the Pyramid: Towards a Conceptual Framework for the Analysis of Regulatory Systems AN - 61455001; 9803889 AB - Builds on Ian Ayres & John Braithwaite's (1992) study on regulation depicting a pyramid that represents the range of instruments available to the state, by incorporating regulated entities & their industry associations, as well as public interest institutions & commercial actors. The resulting three-dimensional pyramid, or prism, has three faces: the state regulatory apparatus, target of regulation, & third parties. It is argued that Ayres & Braithwaite's pyramid fails to represent the interactive nature of regulatory life that the prism accomplishes. It is concluded that the prism allows analysis of any location within its confines, thereby making it amenable to quantitative representation. 2 Figures, 8 References. M. Greenberg JF - International Journal of the Sociology of Law AU - Grabosky, P N AD - Australian Instit Criminology, GPO Box 2994 Canberra ACT 2601 Y1 - 1997/09// PY - 1997 DA - September 1997 SP - 195 EP - 201 VL - 25 IS - 3 SN - 0194-6595, 0194-6595 KW - Government Regulation KW - Corporations KW - Theoretical Problems KW - State Role KW - Interest Groups KW - article KW - 0624: complex organization; bureaucratic structure/organizational sociology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61455001?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+the+Sociology+of+Law&rft.atitle=Discussion+Paper%3A+Inside+the+Pyramid%3A+Towards+a+Conceptual+Framework+for+the+Analysis+of+Regulatory+Systems&rft.au=Grabosky%2C+P+N&rft.aulast=Grabosky&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1997-09-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=195&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+the+Sociology+of+Law&rft.issn=01946595&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - IJSLD7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Government Regulation; State Role; Interest Groups; Theoretical Problems; Corporations ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Presidential vetoes, 1989-1996 T2 - S. pubn. 105-22 AN - 59767996; 1997-1104860 AB - Comprehensive listing of presidential vetoes of legislation enacted by the 101st to the 104th Congresses. JF - Superintendent of Documents, September 1997. xiii+35 pp. Y1 - 1997/09// PY - 1997 DA - September 1997 EP - xiii+35 PB - Superintendent of Documents KW - Executive-legislative relations -- United States KW - United States -- President -- Relations with Congress KW - United States -- President -- Veto UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59767996?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1997-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=xiii%2B35&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Presidential+vetoes%2C+1989-1996&rft.title=Presidential+vetoes%2C+1989-1996&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs N1 - Document feature - table(s), index(es) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemical characterization and reactivity of iron chelator-treated amphibole asbestos. AN - 21267984; 11703702 AB - Iron in amphibole asbestos is implicated in the pathogenicity of inhaled fibers. Evidence includes the observation that iron chelators can suppress fiber-induced tissue damage. This is believed to occur via the diminished production of fiber-associated reactive oxygen species. The purpose of this study was to explore possible mechanisms for the reduction of fiber toxicity by iron chelator treatments. We studied changes in the amount and the oxidation states of bulk and surface iron in crocidolite and amosite asbestos that were treated with iron-chelating desferrioxamine, ferrozine, sodium ascorbate, and phosphate buffer solutions. The results have been compared with the ability of the fibers to produce free radicals and decompose hydrogen peroxide in a cell-free system in vitro. We found that chelators can affect the amount of iron at the surface of the asbestos fibers and its valence, and that they can modify the chemical reactivity of these surfaces. However, we found no obvious or direct correlations between fiber reactivity and the amount of iron removed, the amount of iron at the fiber surface, or the oxidation state of surface iron. Our results suggest that surface Fe3+ ions may play a role in fiber-related carboxylate radical formation, and that desferrioxamine and phosphate groups detected at treated fiber surfaces may play a role in diminishing and enhancing, respectively, fiber redox activity. It is proposed that iron mobility in the silicate structure may play a larger role in the chemical reactivity of asbestos than previously assumed. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Gold, J AU - Amandusson, H AU - Krozer, A AU - Kasemo, B AU - Ericsson, T AU - Zanetti, G AU - Fubini, B AD - Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Goteborg, Sweden, f7xjg@fy.chalmers.se Y1 - 1997/09// PY - 1997 DA - Sep 1997 SP - 1021 EP - 1030 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 105 IS - Suppl 5 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Sodium KW - Fibers KW - Asbestos KW - Phosphates KW - Mobility KW - Chemical reactions KW - Oxidation KW - Toxicity KW - Iron KW - ENA 21:Wildlife UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21267984?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Chemical+characterization+and+reactivity+of+iron+chelator-treated+amphibole+asbestos.&rft.au=Gold%2C+J%3BAmandusson%2C+H%3BKrozer%2C+A%3BKasemo%2C+B%3BEricsson%2C+T%3BZanetti%2C+G%3BFubini%2C+B&rft.aulast=Gold&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1997-09-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=Suppl+5&rft.spage=1021&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sodium; Fibers; Asbestos; Phosphates; Mobility; Chemical reactions; Oxidation; Toxicity; Iron ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Susceptibility of p53-deficient mice to induction of mesothelioma by crocidolite asbestos fibers. AN - 21267957; 11703699 AB - Exposure of mesothelial cells to asbestos fibers in vitro has been shown to induce DNA damage mediated by oxidants. An early cellular response to DNA damage is increased expression of the p53 protein. This protein induces transcription of genes that activate cell cycle checkpoints or induce apoptosis. A murine mesothelial cell line that spontaneously acquired a point mutation in the p53 gene shows increased sensitivity to DNA damage induced by crocidolite asbestos fibers. It is hypothesized that p53-deficient mice will show increased sensitivity to the genotoxic effects of asbestos and accelerated development of malignant mesotheliomas. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Marsella, J M AU - Liu, B L AU - Vaslet, C A AU - Kane, A B AD - Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University School of Medicine, Providence, RI 02912, USA. Y1 - 1997/09// PY - 1997 DA - Sep 1997 SP - 1069 EP - 1072 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 105 IS - Suppl 5 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts; Oncogenes & Growth Factors Abstracts KW - Sensitivity KW - Asbestos KW - Apoptosis KW - Cell cycle KW - Point mutation KW - Genotoxicity KW - Crocidolite KW - Transcription KW - Mice KW - p53 protein KW - DNA damage KW - Fibers KW - DNA KW - Proteins KW - mesothelioma KW - Oxidants KW - B 26670:Tumor Suppressors KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21267957?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Susceptibility+of+p53-deficient+mice+to+induction+of+mesothelioma+by+crocidolite+asbestos+fibers.&rft.au=Marsella%2C+J+M%3BLiu%2C+B+L%3BVaslet%2C+C+A%3BKane%2C+A+B&rft.aulast=Marsella&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1997-09-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=Suppl+5&rft.spage=1069&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fibers; DNA damage; Asbestos; Apoptosis; Genotoxicity; Point mutation; Cell cycle; Transcription; Crocidolite; mesothelioma; Oxidants; p53 protein; Sensitivity; DNA; Proteins; Mice ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Demonstration of nitric oxide on asbestos and silicon carbide fibers with a new ultraviolet spectrophotometric assay. AN - 21261089; 11702120 AB - Nitric oxide (NO) has a number of important functions in biological systems and may play a role in the toxicity of mineral fibers. We investigated whether NO might be present on the surface of mineral fibers and if crocidolite could adsorb NO from NO gas or cigarette smoke. NO was determined with a new gas chromatography-ultraviolet spectrophotometric technique after thermal desorption from the fiber surface and injection in a gas flow cell. NO was found in different amounts on chrysotile B, crocidolite, amosite, and silicon carbide whiskers. There was a strong correlation between the amount of NO and the specific surfa