TY - JOUR T1 - Earthships: sustainable housing alternative AN - 954606093; 14079844 AB - This paper critiques an obscure form of sustainable architecture that addresses many of the environmental, social and economic challenges facing humanity. It focuses on the work of architect, Michael Reynolds, who has been experimenting with radical house designs and construction techniques over the past three and half decades. He addresses pollution, climate change and resource depletion by the provision of self-sufficient, off-the-grid, ecological housing constructed substantially from 'waste' such as used car tyres and beverage containers. Passive heating and cooling, food production, water catchments, renewable energy, solar hot water, grey-water recycling and sewage treatment are all integrated into his designs, which he calls "Earthships - independent vessels - to sail on the seas of tomorrow". JF - International Journal of Sustainable Design AU - Freney, Martin AD - Art, Architecture and Design, University of South Australia, Level 3 Kaurna Building, City West Campus, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide SA 5001, Australia Y1 - 2009///0, PY - 2009 DA - 0, 2009 SP - 223 EP - 240 PB - Inderscience Publishers Ltd., PO Box 735 Olney Bucks MK46 5WB UK VL - 1 IS - 2 SN - 1743-8284, 1743-8284 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - TECHNICAL JOURNALS KW - ENVIRONMENTAL JOURNALS KW - MANAGEMENT JOURNALS KW - Design and Product Development KW - Environment and Sustainable Development KW - Entrepreneurship, Innovation and SMEs KW - Housing KW - Renewable energy KW - Climate change KW - Residential areas KW - Sustainable development KW - Construction industry wastes KW - Recycling KW - Food production KW - Waste management KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/954606093?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Sustainable+Design&rft.atitle=Earthships%3A+sustainable+housing+alternative&rft.au=Freney%2C+Martin&rft.aulast=Freney&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=223&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Sustainable+Design&rft.issn=17438284&rft_id=info:doi/10.1504%2FIJSDES.2009.028885 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Housing; Renewable energy; Climate change; Residential areas; Construction industry wastes; Sustainable development; Recycling; Waste management; Food production DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/IJSDES.2009.028885 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experiential Placements: Dissemination and Stakeholder Engagement for Curriculum Planning Action to Prepare Future Pharmacy Professionals AN - 815958628; EJ903914 AB - Preparing graduates for the professions is increasingly recognised as involving a partnership approach to curriculum design, implementation and evaluation. Experiential placements play a critical role in developing discipline-specific knowledge and skills and also generic professional dispositions including relationships, communication, problem solving and creativity. This involves academics, workplace supervisors and students in being clear about the outcomes of the learning process and taking responsibility for various aspects. The "Experiential Placements in Pharmacy" research project was conducted during 2007 with the aim of documenting current practice in Australian university pharmacy school experiential placement programs. This paper describes collaborative work between researchers, university academics and practitioners to determine future directions for the project towards improved curriculum planning and developing graduated descriptors related to professional competency outcomes. We describe the approach used to disseminate research recommendations and to gain input into the project and give a brief outline of the eventual action which is being implemented to further improve curriculum planning for the experiential learning environment for Australian pharmacy students. (Contains 1 table.) JF - Journal of Learning Design AU - Owen, Susanne AU - Stupans, Ieva Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 1 EP - 10 PB - Queensland University of Technology. GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia. Tel: +61-7-313-80585; Fax: +61-7-313-83474; e-mail: jld@qut.edu.au; Web site: http://www.jld.qut.edu.au VL - 3 IS - 1 SN - 1832-8342, 1832-8342 KW - Australia KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Higher Education KW - Stakeholders KW - Instructional Development KW - Job Placement KW - Models KW - Partnerships in Education KW - Foreign Countries KW - Curriculum Development KW - Participation KW - Educational Change KW - Knowledge Management KW - Competency Based Education KW - Experiential Learning KW - Change Strategies KW - Pharmaceutical Education KW - Pharmacy KW - Science Course Improvement Projects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/815958628?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 7798 6485 8260 3150; 2521 3184 2787; 7801 6506 10669; 3692 5882; 7624 3180 2221 909; 5576 7912; 9323 8331; 1972 3150; 6752 9651 6582; 10023 4542; 1389 6582; 3176 1387; 5679 5145 153 4398; 7615 909; 4109 4335; 5247 3184 2787 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Re-making of Indian Foreign Policy AN - 754038995; 201050581 AB - The article examines the reasons for the absence of effective but informal networks in India that help make and remake a nation's foreign policy, generate domestic political consensus and win international support. As a rising India reconstructs its foreign policy, a small proto-network that defines its core principles is beginning to emerge. A foreign policy vanguard, however, is no substitute to a more broadly based and deeply rooted structure of decision making. As the new foreign policy network evolves, the International Relations (IR) community can claim its legitimate role in shaping India's new foreign policy. By shedding its old conformist trap, joining the vigorous public square at home and reconnecting with the world, India's IR community can set a new foreign policy direction for the nation and offer course corrections when needed. [Reprinted by permission of Sage Publications Ltd., copyright holder.] JF - International Studies AU - Mohan, C Raja AD - John W. Kluge Center, Library of Congress, USA crmohan53@gmail.com Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - January 2009 SP - 147 EP - 163 PB - Sage Publications, New Delhi India VL - 46 IS - 1-2 SN - 0020-8817, 0020-8817 KW - India International Relations think tanks media KW - Social Networks KW - International Relations KW - Decision Making KW - Foreign Policy KW - India KW - article KW - 0911: political sociology/interactions; interactions between societies, nations, & states UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754038995?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Studies&rft.atitle=The+Re-making+of+Indian+Foreign+Policy&rft.au=Mohan%2C+C+Raja&rft.aulast=Mohan&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=147&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Studies&rft.issn=00208817&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F002088171004600210 LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-21 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - ITSDFL N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Foreign Policy; India; Social Networks; International Relations; Decision Making DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002088171004600210 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A sport crisis typology: establishing a pathway for future research AN - 746296351; 12877431 AB - One of the main sponsorship benefits sought by a firm is a positive effect on corporate image through the association of their brand with a sporting entity. Given the increasing incidence of crises in sport, it can be argued that the sponsorship decision may be viewed as a form of risk-taking behaviour. Drawing on the crisis management and public relations literature, this paper examines the utility of established models within the domain of sport marketing and sponsorship. Specific emphasis is given to definitional and future research issues pertaining to athlete-triggered crises. The need for research in this area is evident given the potential brand risk associated with sponsoring athletes or teams within crisis-prone sports and the limited attention on this issue in the current literature. This paper explores the relevance of some pertinent terms that are central to an established structured crisis typology such as crisis, transgression, faux pas and terrorism and concludes with a direction for future research. JF - International Journal of Sport Management and Marketing AU - Wilson, Bradley AU - Stavros, Constantino AU - Westberg, Kate AD - School of Media and Communication, RMIT University, G.P.O. Box 2476, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia. Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 21 EP - 32 PB - Inderscience Publishers Ltd., PO Box 735 Olney Bucks MK46 5WB UK VL - 7 IS - 1-2 SN - 1475-8962, 1475-8962 KW - Physical Education Index KW - HEALTHCARE AND LEISURE JOURNALS KW - MANAGEMENT JOURNALS KW - Arts, Entertainment and Leisure KW - Operational Management, Marketing and Services KW - Sponsorship KW - Literature reviews KW - Public relations KW - Sport management KW - Team sports KW - Sports KW - Attention KW - Sports (marketing) KW - Athletes KW - PE 140:Business, Marketing & Sports Equipment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/746296351?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aphysicaleducation&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Sport+Management+and+Marketing&rft.atitle=A+sport+crisis+typology%3A+establishing+a+pathway+for+future+research&rft.au=Wilson%2C+Bradley%3BStavros%2C+Constantino%3BWestberg%2C+Kate&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=Bradley&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Sport+Management+and+Marketing&rft.issn=14758962&rft_id=info:doi/10.1504%2FIJSMM.2010.029709 LA - English DB - Physical Education Index N1 - Date revised - 2010-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sponsorship; Literature reviews; Public relations; Sport management; Team sports; Sports; Attention; Sports (marketing); Athletes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/IJSMM.2010.029709 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Knowing Where You Are Going Helps You Know How to Get There AN - 742878488; EJ885809 AB - This article illustrates a teaching exploration at an Indigenous Community School in the Kimberley region of Western Australia that sought to use a specific way of thinking about particular content domain, subtraction, to develop focused, mathematically-rich learning experiences. First, the authors explain the importance of having clear mathematical goals (knowing where you are going), and then they describe some illustrative activities (how to get there) that were used over the four 90-minute lessons. They also present data that indicate that there was positive student achievement as a result of the experience. (Contains 2 figures.) JF - Australian Primary Mathematics Classroom AU - Sullivan, Peter AU - Youdale, Rebecca AU - Jorgensen, Robyn Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 4 EP - 10 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 14 IS - 4 SN - 1326-0286, 1326-0286 KW - Australia KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Elementary Education KW - Elementary School Mathematics KW - Indigenous Populations KW - Cognitive Processes KW - Foreign Countries KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Educational Games KW - Mathematics Achievement KW - Community Schools KW - Mathematics Skills KW - Teaching Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/742878488?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 1933 9306 5241; 5046 8016 4542; 4109 4335; 6419 5242; 10621 3227 6582; 6411 96; 6421 9690 1; 3360 6416 2515 3357; 3206 4270 126; 1710 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using a Concept Cartoon to Gain Insight into Children's Calculation Strategies AN - 742875454; EJ885812 AB - Curriculum reform aimed at improving students' reasoning strategies for calculating was the focus of a research project in which the authors participated along with two school communities in regional Victoria. Another focus of the research was assisting teachers to gain insight into how their students approached calculations. This article explores one aspect of the research in which "concept cartoons" were introduced as an innovative way for gaining insight into children's strategies for addition calculations in a situation that begs for the use of mental strategies. A concept cartoon is a learning and teaching tool used primarily in science education to explore scientific concepts. However, the authors believe that concept cartoons also have great potential in mathematics education. (Contains 2 figures and 1 table.) JF - Australian Primary Mathematics Classroom AU - Sexton, Matthew AU - Gervasoni, Ann AU - Brandenburg, Robyn Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 24 EP - 28 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 14 IS - 4 SN - 1326-0286, 1326-0286 KW - Australia KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Concept Formation KW - Computation KW - Foreign Countries KW - Scientific Concepts KW - Curriculum Development KW - Innovation KW - Educational Change KW - Mathematical Concepts KW - Cartoons KW - Mathematics Education KW - Teaching Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/742875454?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 2521 3184 2787; 6417 3150; 1321 11302; 9354; 3176 1387; 2003 6394; 5188; 6396; 10621 3227 6582; 4109 4335; 2082 5904 1710 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Assessing Children's Understanding of Length Measurement: A Focus on Three Key Concepts AN - 742873289; EJ885813 AB - In this article, the author presents three different tasks that can be used to assess students' understanding of the concept of length. Three important measurement concepts for students to understand are transitive reasoning, use of identical units, and iteration. In any teaching and learning process it is important to acknowledge students' existing knowledge and focus teaching on moving students on from this point. Assessment tasks that provide insight into students' current understanding of, or misconceptions about, these concepts is, therefore, vitally important. The insights gained from these tasks can be used to inform future teaching and learning. (Contains 1 figure.) JF - Australian Primary Mathematics Classroom AU - Bush, Heidi Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 29 EP - 32 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 14 IS - 4 KW - Australia KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Teachers KW - Elementary Education KW - Measurement KW - Science Process Skills KW - Foreign Countries KW - Misconceptions KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Knowledge Level KW - Science Activities KW - Mathematical Concepts KW - Mathematics Skills KW - Mathematical Applications KW - Teaching Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/742873289?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Homework and Learning Mathematics AN - 742873235; EJ885810 AB - In this article, the author reflects on the impact of homework on his children, and more generally about the value of homework as an educational activity. Putting aside the question as to whether this is in fact homework or just schoolwork done at home, the first fundamental question is whether homework is indeed useful and necessary in a students' education? The author believes that it is important that students engage in regular maintenance, and perhaps homework is a place for revision and reinforcement of previously-learned skills and techniques. He added that although many people would agree that it is a good thing to engage parents in their children's mathematical learning, the challenge is to find meaningful and manageable ways to achieve it. Three key factors in achieving this are finding appropriate tasks and activities, helping build parent confidence and engagement, and ensuring that parents and teachers have a shared agenda. JF - Australian Primary Mathematics Classroom AU - Grootenboer, Peter Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 11 EP - 15 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 14 IS - 4 SN - 1326-0286, 1326-0286 KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Elementary Education KW - Elementary School Mathematics KW - Self Esteem KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Parent Role KW - Homework KW - Personal Narratives KW - Parent Participation KW - Learning Activities KW - Teaching Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/742873235?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 4829 4814 10281 5883 126 675 5242; 5883 126; 7550 7615 909; 10621 3227 6582; 6419 5242; 7554 9015; 9469 9451; 3360 6416 2515 3357; 7747 8824 8477 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Making Numbers Your Friends: A Set of "Make This Number" Activities AN - 742873092; EJ885811 AB - Fluency with basic number facts is vital for students' progress in mathematics. Not only does it contribute to students' facility with mental computation and algorithms, but an understanding of numbers and their properties builds a foundation for future mathematical work including algebra. There are many activities that can help students "make numbers their friends," so that every time students meet numbers, they know all about them, or, at least, start thinking about what they could find out about them. In this article, the author presents a series of similar activities that will build students' friendship with numbers and number properties. They are based, to some extent, on the classic number activity that used to be given at the start of the year in the 1970s and 1980s, in which students had to construct as many numbers as they could using only the digits from the current year. JF - Australian Primary Mathematics Classroom AU - Chick, Helen Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 18 EP - 23 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 14 IS - 4 SN - 1326-0286, 1326-0286 KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Elementary Education KW - Elementary School Mathematics KW - Concept Formation KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Mental Computation KW - Learning Activities KW - Numbers KW - Number Concepts KW - Teaching Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/742873092?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 7195 10407; 6529 2003 6394 1710; 7190 6396; 3360 6416 2515 3357; 2082 5904 1710; 5883 126; 6419 5242; 10621 3227 6582 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Intersection of the Exponential and Logarithmic Curves AN - 61864218; EJ853793 AB - The study of the number of intersection points of y = a[superscript x] and y = log[subscript a]x can be an interesting topic to present in a single-variable calculus class. In this article, the authors present a classroom presentation outline involving the basic algebra and the elementary calculus of the exponential and logarithmic functions. The proofs are given either in a "forward" manner or by contradiction. (Contains 2 figures.) JF - Australian Senior Mathematics Journal AU - Boukas, Andreas AU - Valahas, Theodoros Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 5 EP - 8 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 23 IS - 1 SN - 0819-4564, 0819-4564 KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Secondary Education KW - Algebra KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Calculus KW - Equations (Mathematics) KW - Validity KW - Mathematical Concepts KW - Secondary School Mathematics KW - Problem Solving UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61864218?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 1240 6410 5964; 6419 5242; 9417 9414 2515 6416; 402 6410 5964; 6396; 11210 3627 2416 10031; 3551 6400 6403 6394; 8233 1710 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exploring Open-Ended Tasks as Teacher Learning AN - 61864163; EJ853833 AB - The Task Types and Mathematics Learning project is investigating the opportunities and constraints that teachers experience when using particular types of mathematics tasks. Some assumptions underlying this aspect of the project are: (1) that teachers seeking a balanced curriculum choose to use a mix of types of tasks; (2) open-ended questions offer students and teachers opportunities for both creativity and different ways of thinking about mathematics; and (3) trialling exemplars of particular types of tasks, reflecting on the experience by writing a report, and reporting back to colleagues involves substantial teacher learning, and can form the basis of sustainable professional development. This article explains what is meant by content specific open-ended tasks, illustrates the ways that teachers wrote up trials of such tasks in their classrooms, and uses excerpts from teachers' reporting on their trials at meetings of project teachers from a cluster of nearby schools, to illustrate the type of teacher learning that resulted from this process. (Contains 1 figure.) JF - Australian Primary Mathematics Classroom AU - Sullivan, Peter AU - Griffioen, Mel AU - Gray, Hayley AU - Powers, Chris Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 4 EP - 9 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 14 IS - 2 SN - 1326-0286, 1326-0286 KW - Australia KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Elementary Education KW - Elementary School Mathematics KW - Questioning Techniques KW - Foreign Countries KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Lesson Plans KW - Mathematics Curriculum KW - Learning Activities KW - Faculty Development KW - Mathematics Education KW - Problem Solving KW - Teaching Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61864163?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 6417 3150; 3787 8258 5704 2787 10010; 6419 5242; 6416 2515; 5883 126; 10621 3227 6582; 8534 6582; 8233 1710; 5954; 3360 6416 2515 3357; 4109 4335 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Features of Generalising Tasks: Help or Hurdle to Expressing Generality? AN - 61862039; EJ853829 AB - Pattern generalising problems offer a very rich context for exploring relationships among quantities, expressing generality and representing the same relationship in different ways. Selecting appropriate tasks for students to work on in class is by no means a straightforward process, but there are ways to handle it. This article aims to explore and discuss the features of generalising problems. This article sets out with two objectives: (1) to offer teachers a framework for considering the difficulty level of generalising problems in terms of task features, and (2) to raise issues for discussion on the possible influence the task features have on students' generalisation and reasoning. (Contains 6 figures and 1 table.) JF - Australian Mathematics Teacher AU - Chua, Boon Liang Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 18 EP - 24 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 65 IS - 2 SN - 0045-0685, 0045-0685 KW - Australia KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Foreign Countries KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Task Analysis KW - Mathematics Activities KW - Generalizability Theory KW - Instructional Design KW - Difficulty Level KW - Problem Solving KW - Mathematical Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61862039?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 2849; 4313 10830; 5246 2768; 6419 5242; 6412 126; 10460 3629 6582; 6394; 4109 4335; 8233 1710 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using Tool-Making to Contextualise Geometry: The Super-Size Protractor AN - 61861516; EJ853832 AB - Engaging students with real-world activities can be effective in supporting the learning of mathematics, "whenever possible, real-world situations will provide a context for both introducing and applying geometric topics" (NCTM 1989). Tool making is a way to bring real-world mathematics into the classroom and using the tool is a way of taking classroom mathematics into the student's real-world. This article focuses on a student-constructed protractor. The pedagogical discussion is followed by detailed descriptions of the construction steps. These steps together with alternative constructions offer opportunities to explore deeper mathematics. The construction of the protractor requires the use of a range of techniques that provide context for geometry problems involving congruent triangles, properties of equilateral and isosceles triangles and parallel lines. The protractor is a measurement tool used in constructing and measuring angles and is a learning aid for the teaching and learning of trigonometry, similarity and the unit circle. The author describes two activities, Super-size Protractor and Unique Triangles, which provide a shared experience for future class discourse, and outlines the steps involved in the construction of the Super-size Protractor. As each step is presented, the mathematics of the construction and alternative construction procedures is made explicit and justified along with practical considerations. A list of ways in which the protractor maybe used is presented. (Contains 12 figures.) JF - Australian Mathematics Teacher AU - Sheppard, Ian Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 31 EP - 40 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 65 IS - 2 SN - 0045-0685, 0045-0685 KW - Australia KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Program Descriptions KW - Sequential Approach KW - Problem Based Learning KW - Instrumentation KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Geometric Concepts KW - Student Projects KW - Foreign Countries KW - Mathematics Activities KW - Student Developed Materials KW - Measurement Equipment KW - Geometry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61861516?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 4339 6396; 4343 6410 5964; 6412 126; 6419 5242; 6441 3553; 5283; 10194 5258 3224; 10240 9146 126; 8295; 9539 6582; 4109 4335; 8227 5882 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical Integration AN - 61861060; EJ853815 AB - Senior secondary students cover numerical integration techniques in their mathematics courses. In particular, students would be familiar with the "midpoint rule," the elementary "trapezoidal rule" and "Simpson's rule." This article derives these techniques by methods which secondary students may not be familiar with and an approach that undergraduate students should be familiar with. Secondary students will also find interesting the "two-point Gauss rule," which is an extension of the trapezoidal rule. There are many applications of integral calculus and developing a deeper understanding of some of the numerical methods will increase understanding of the techniques. The methods chosen in this article have been investigated as secondary students will be familiar with their applications. However, secondary text books and teachers may not use the techniques covered in this article, and this alternate approach may increase the understanding of the importance and applications of the techniques, as well as increase an appreciation of the beauty of mathematics in general. The article also provides a detailed summary of the techniques that will be beneficial for undergraduate students. In this article the midpoint rule, the elementary trapezoidal rule, the two-point Gauss rule and Simpson's elementary rule are developed. (Contains 1 figure.) JF - Australian Senior Mathematics Journal AU - Sozio, Gerry Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 43 EP - 50 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 23 IS - 1 SN - 0819-4564, 0819-4564 KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Higher Education KW - Secondary Education KW - Concept Formation KW - Mathematical Logic KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Calculus KW - Equations (Mathematics) KW - Undergraduate Study KW - Validity KW - Mathematical Concepts KW - Secondary School Mathematics KW - College Mathematics KW - Teaching Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61861060?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 1240 6410 5964; 10621 3227 6582; 9417 9414 2515 6416; 6419 5242; 6396; 2082 5904 1710; 11096 4744 8046 3150; 1786 6416 2515 1765; 3551 6400 6403 6394; 6403; 11210 3627 2416 10031 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Isometric Drawing: Opening Up the Activity to Reveal Student Learning AN - 61860975; EJ853835 AB - Open-ended activities can be a powerful and engaging tool, promoting authentic learning and opportunities for formative as well as summative assessment. This article presents an activity that shows how an open-ended task--with a variety of solution strategies and multiple correct answers--can be an effective educational activity which also offers insights into student thinking and learning. In this activity, students use isometric drawings to examine 3D shapes and scaling. (Contains 4 figures.) JF - Australian Primary Mathematics Classroom AU - Begg, Meredith AU - Cavagna, Anthony Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 16 EP - 17 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 14 IS - 2 SN - 1326-0286, 1326-0286 KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Elementary Education KW - Elementary School Mathematics KW - Mathematical Logic KW - Geometric Concepts KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Freehand Drawing KW - Learning Activities KW - Teaching Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61860975?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 5883 126; 3360 6416 2515 3357; 6419 5242; 4192 11303 4007 4918 5964; 4339 6396; 6403; 10621 3227 6582 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Diversions: Spatial Thinking Tasks--Cube Diagrams and Drawings AN - 61860928; EJ853824 AB - This article illustrates spatial thinking tasks through cube diagrams and drawings. The author talks about the pentacube diagram that is based on the principle that a vertical cube-edge is shown "vertically". The author describes how to extend isometric drawing to include triangular wedges that are made by slicing single cubes, bi-cubes, tri-cubes, and so on. JF - Australian Mathematics Teacher AU - Gough, John Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 34 EP - 35 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 65 IS - 1 SN - 0045-0685, 0045-0685 KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Cognitive Processes KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Geometric Concepts KW - Mathematical Concepts KW - Spatial Ability KW - Teaching Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61860928?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 1710; 9912 1; 4339 6396; 6396; 6419 5242; 10621 3227 6582 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Iteration of Complex Functions and Newton's Method AN - 61860832; EJ853792 AB - This paper discusses some common iterations of complex functions. The presentation is such that similar processes can easily be implemented and understood by undergraduate students. The aim is to illustrate some of the beauty of complex dynamics in an informal setting, while providing a couple of results that are not otherwise readily available in the literature. (Contains 6 figures.) JF - Australian Senior Mathematics Journal AU - Dwyer, Jerry AU - Barnard, Roger AU - Cook, David AU - Corte, Jennifer Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 9 EP - 16 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 23 IS - 1 SN - 0819-4564, 0819-4564 KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Higher Education KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Equations (Mathematics) KW - Undergraduate Study KW - Mathematical Concepts KW - Numbers KW - College Mathematics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61860832?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 11096 4744 8046 3150; 6419 5242; 1786 6416 2515 1765; 6396; 7195 10407; 3551 6400 6403 6394 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Same Task, Different Paths: Catering for Student Diversity in the Mathematics Classroom AN - 61860697; EJ853838 AB - Teachers do not want to have students simply marking time by completing tasks from which there is no new learning for them. Similarly, teachers do not want students struggling with tasks that are demoralisingly difficult. In one primary mathematics classroom, however, a teacher can expect to have a wide range in the levels of understanding of the students, some say as much as a five year span. So how do teachers deal effectively with the diversity of mathematical needs they find in their classrooms? In this article, the author discusses the importance of using rich mathematical tasks and describes how they can be adapted to cater for a diverse range of learners. She also provides examples of rich tasks and suggests that teachers need to source mathematically rich tasks that are easy to vary, know the range of ways in which their students may respond to these tasks, and plan for task variations to cater for those who require scaffolding and those who require extending. (Contains 4 figures.) JF - Australian Primary Mathematics Classroom AU - Ferguson, Sarah Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 32 EP - 36 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 14 IS - 2 SN - 1326-0286, 1326-0286 KW - Australia KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Elementary Education KW - Grade 1 KW - Elementary School Mathematics KW - Foreign Countries KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Individual Differences KW - Learning Activities KW - Student Diversity KW - Elementary School Teachers KW - Mathematics Skills KW - Teaching Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61860697?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 10197 2472 2842 10187; 5883 126; 6421 9690 1; 4109 4335; 5054 2842; 3360 6416 2515 3357; 3365 10591 8267 3417 8016 4542 5703 4908 8917; 6419 5242; 10621 3227 6582; 4413 5264 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tasks Involving Models, Tools and Representations: Making the Mathematics Explicit as We Build Tasks into Lessons AN - 61859397; EJ853834 AB - With teachers and students in Government and Catholic schools in three geographical clusters in Victoria, the Task Type and Mathematics Learning (TTML) project is investigating the best ways to use different types of mathematics tasks, particularly in Grades 5 to 8. This article describes Type 1 tasks and discusses how they contribute to mathematics learning. It illustrates the process used early in the project in one of the clusters in which they used the Japanese lesson study model to explore the opportunities and constraints of using classroom tasks. JF - Australian Primary Mathematics Classroom AU - Clarke, Barbara AU - Sanders, Peter Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 10 EP - 14 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 14 IS - 2 SN - 1326-0286, 1326-0286 KW - Australia KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Middle Schools KW - Secondary Education KW - Instructional Effectiveness KW - Schematic Studies KW - Foreign Countries KW - Mathematical Models KW - Class Activities KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Mathematics Activities KW - Instructional Design KW - Mathematics Education KW - Instructional Innovation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61859397?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 6417 3150; 6646 9306 5241; 6419 5242; 1571 9146 126; 6412 126; 6404 6752 9651 6582; 4109 4335; 9128 8836; 5246 2768; 5248; 5251 3215 5188 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Marina's Fish Shop: A Mathematically- and Technologically-Rich Lesson AN - 61859351; EJ853827 AB - In early 2008 researchers from the University of Melbourne's "New Technologies for Teaching Mathematics" project created a lesson for the Year 10 students at their Victorian research schools. Two important goals of secondary school mathematics education are to build students' conceptual knowledge and to teach students to think mathematically. Mathematics education research supports the notion that seeing concepts represented in multiple ways both supports students' sense-making and enriches their learning. However the experience of working with multiple representations is not the same for experts and novices. The design of lessons must be carefully considered in order not to create excessive cognitive load for the learner. The study by the University of Melbourne team focused on one "lesson", designed to provide exemplars for lessons where new powerful, mathematically able integrated documents (Nspire) are used to support students' exploration of various representations of a given mathematical problem. Based on applications of quadratic functions, "Marina's Fish Shop" was designed as a capstone lesson utilising TI-Nspire CAS computer and handheld technology in exploring multiple representations of a mathematical problem set in a real world context. In this article, the authors provide a description of the problem setting and the six carefully guided student activities that formed the final product of that process: (1) observing variation; (2) calculating total area; (3) graphing the area function from data; (4) finding the minimum area from the graph; (5) finding the minimum area exactly; and (6) challenge: producing a general solution. (Contains 7 figures.) JF - Australian Mathematics Teacher AU - Wander, Roger AU - Pierce, Robyn Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 6 EP - 12 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 65 IS - 2 SN - 0045-0685, 0045-0685 KW - Australia KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Secondary Education KW - Thinking Skills KW - Animals KW - Grade 10 KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Lesson Plans KW - Secondary School Students KW - Secondary School Mathematics KW - Mathematics Education KW - Concept Formation KW - Algebra KW - Computation KW - Foreign Countries KW - Planning KW - Problem Sets KW - Mathematical Concepts KW - Graphs KW - Educational Technology KW - Handheld Devices UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61859351?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 9417 9414 2515 6416; 520; 6417 3150; 8232 5258 3224; 6419 5242; 4109 4335; 3268 10669; 4414 5264; 9419 10278 8016 4542; 6396; 2082 5904 1710; 10852 1701 1 9690; 5954; 7921; 4595 3337 3553; 2003 6394; 4485 11302; 402 6410 5964 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - More about How to Teach Fractal Geometry with Music AN - 61859303; EJ853825 AB - Padula, J. (2005) described how mathematics teachers can channel the passion of students interested in electronic music by teaching the mathematics that has been used to create it. She hypothesised that the study and enjoyment of music may help the study of mathematics since both mathematics and music are symbol systems and pattern (and its recognition) are important to both. In this article, the author discusses how to teach fractal geometry with music. JF - Australian Mathematics Teacher AU - Padula, Janice Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 37 EP - 40 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 65 IS - 1 SN - 0045-0685, 0045-0685 KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Geometric Concepts KW - Musical Composition KW - Integrated Curriculum KW - Equations (Mathematics) KW - Music KW - Mathematics Teachers KW - Geometry KW - Computer Uses in Education KW - Teaching Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61859303?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 6905 4007 4918 5964; 4339 6396; 6422 10591 8267 3417 8016 4542 5703 4908 8917; 4343 6410 5964; 10621 3227 6582; 6419 5242; 5299 5294 126 2515; 2074 2073 10675; 3551 6400 6403 6394; 6916 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using Mathematical Tasks Built around "Real" Contexts: Opportunities and Challenges for Teachers and Students AN - 61859282; EJ853837 AB - In this article, the authors discuss the use by teachers of "Type 2 tasks" within the Task Types in Mathematics Learning (TTML) Project, i.e., those in which the mathematics is situated within a contextualised practical problem. It is argued that these kinds of tasks have great potential for challenging and engaging students, and showing how mathematics can help everyone to make sense of the world. The authors also discuss a major challenge for mathematics teachers generally, but particularly for those who take a problem solving approach to their teaching. The challenge is developing appropriate techniques and strategies needed in "pulling the lesson together." The authors hope that this discussion provides some food for thought in maximising the learning which emerges from worthwhile tasks. (Contains 6 figures.) JF - Australian Primary Mathematics Classroom AU - Clarke, Doug AU - Roche, Anne Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 24 EP - 31 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 14 IS - 2 SN - 1326-0286, 1326-0286 KW - Australia KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Middle Schools KW - Educational Strategies KW - Instructional Effectiveness KW - Schematic Studies KW - Class Activities KW - Problem Based Learning KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Instructional Design KW - Mathematics Education KW - Problem Solving KW - Foreign Countries KW - Mathematics Activities KW - Use Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61859282?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 6417 3150; 8233 1710; 6419 5242; 3264 3227 6582; 1571 9146 126; 6412 126; 11194 8836; 5246 2768; 9128 8836; 8227 5882; 5248; 4109 4335 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Finding the Area of a Trapezium: Theme and Variations AN - 61859238; EJ853828 AB - An important message teachers convey to their students is that mathematics is founded on reasoning and is not just a collection of rules to apply. Many mathematical rules such as area formulas can be derived in ways that are age-appropriate to students, and it is an important part of mathematics education that students engage in these derivations to some extent. A review of several Australian Year 8 textbooks showed that they generally included the reasoning behind the area formulas (Stacey & Vincent, 2008). For the area of the trapezium, there was a surprising variety of methods. In this article, the authors illustrate five methods for finding the area of the trapezium, which many students will enjoy discovering these variations on a theme. The authors stress that, by exposing students to a variety of dissection methods and encouraging them to find their own variations, teachers promote flexible thinking, greater understanding and less reliance on memorised area formulas. (Contains 5 figures.) JF - Australian Mathematics Teacher AU - Vincent, Jill AU - Stacey, Kaye Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 13 EP - 16 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 65 IS - 2 SN - 0045-0685, 0045-0685 KW - Australia KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Grade 8 KW - Foreign Countries KW - Mathematical Logic KW - Textbooks KW - Geometric Concepts KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Mathematical Formulas KW - Mathematical Concepts KW - Secondary School Mathematics KW - Mathematics Education UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61859238?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 6417 3150; 10813 1114 8193 8477 5258 3224; 6419 5242; 6396; 6403; 4109 4335; 4425 5264; 9417 9414 2515 6416; 6400 6403 6394; 4339 6396 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Investigating Absolute Value: A Real World Application AN - 61859153; EJ853800 AB - Making connections between various representations is important in mathematics. In this article, the authors discuss the numeric, algebraic, and graphical representations of sums of absolute values of linear functions. The initial explanations are accessible to all students who have experience graphing and who understand that absolute value simply means "distance from". (Contains 14 figures and 6 tables.) JF - Australian Senior Mathematics Journal AU - Kidd, Margaret AU - Pagni, David Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 20 EP - 30 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 23 IS - 1 SN - 0819-4564, 0819-4564 KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Secondary Education KW - Algebra KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Equations (Mathematics) KW - Mathematical Concepts KW - Secondary School Mathematics KW - Graphs KW - Problem Solving UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61859153?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 6419 5242; 6396; 402 6410 5964; 9417 9414 2515 6416; 3551 6400 6403 6394; 4485 11302; 8233 1710 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using Spreadsheets to Make Algebra More Accessible--Part 2: Solutions to Equations AN - 61859047; EJ853818 AB - This article is the second in a series of two papers which suggest some practical, spreadsheet-based ideas for helping students to make appropriate connections between particular algebraic concepts. Solving equations has traditionally been taught as a pen-and-paper process. Spreadsheets, such as that of Excel, provide a contemporary, and powerful context for the teaching of processes for the solution of equations. The author gives some examples, then discusses pen-and-paper methods for their solution, and subsequently revisits these examples using spreadsheets. (Contains 5 figures.) JF - Australian Mathematics Teacher AU - Green, John Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 17 EP - 21 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 65 IS - 1 SN - 0045-0685, 0045-0685 KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Algebra KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Equations (Mathematics) KW - Mathematical Concepts KW - Spreadsheets KW - Computer Uses in Education KW - Problem Solving KW - Teaching Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61859047?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 3551 6400 6403 6394; 402 6410 5964; 10006 11592 8697; 2074 2073 10675; 6419 5242; 10621 3227 6582; 6396; 8233 1710 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Family of Sequences AN - 61857584; EJ853817 AB - Perhaps a business colleague threw out a challenge. The year: around 1200. The place: Pisa. The challenge: Calculate how many pairs of rabbits will be produced in a year, beginning with a single pair, if in every month each pair bears a new pair which becomes productive from the second month on. The question and its solution found its way into the book "Liber abaci" by Leonardo of Pisa (known as Fibonacci), completed in 1202. It gives rise to the Fibonacci sequence. A colleague of the author issued the challenge: Prove that the sum of the squares of any two consecutive terms of the Fibonacci sequence is a term of the sequence. In this article, the author gives a more general context in which the sum of consecutive squares property is true, and a surprising connection with Pythagorean triples. JF - Australian Senior Mathematics Journal AU - Turner, Paul Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 58 EP - 62 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 23 IS - 1 SN - 0819-4564, 0819-4564 KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Secondary Education KW - Mathematical Logic KW - Geometric Concepts KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Equations (Mathematics) KW - Validity KW - Secondary School Mathematics KW - Number Concepts KW - Problem Solving UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61857584?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 7190 6396; 6419 5242; 9417 9414 2515 6416; 11210 3627 2416 10031; 6403; 8233 1710; 3551 6400 6403 6394; 4339 6396 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The BASICS Intervention Mathematics Program for At-Risk Students AN - 61857488; EJ853820 AB - This article discusses the "BASICS" or "Building Accuracy and Speed In Core Skills" Mathematics Intervention Program which has been designed to enable students who are either low-achievers or have some form of learning disability, to attain real improvement and make the successful transition to core mathematics. The "BASICS" Intervention Program is novel in its balance and integration of the optimal aspects of instruction from direct, constructivist and contextually-based instruction designed to meet the specific needs of at-risk students. The specific focus of this program is to address the memory and recall difficulties and inability to approach, structure and solve problem-solving tasks experienced by at-risk students. In addition, the use of continuous diagnostic and formative assessment enable both teachers and students to develop positive relationships and improve student self-concept. The author describes the short-term and longer term aims of the "BASICS" Intervention Program and provides a brief outline and description of the key components of the program. (Contains 1 figure and 1 table.) JF - Australian Mathematics Teacher AU - Byers, Terry Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 6 EP - 11 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 65 IS - 1 SN - 0045-0685, 0045-0685 KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Grade 7 KW - Grade 8 KW - Teacher Student Relationship KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Special Needs Students KW - Mathematics Achievement KW - Learning Disabilities KW - Intervention KW - Problem Solving KW - Formative Evaluation KW - Memory KW - At Risk Students KW - Self Concept KW - Direct Instruction KW - Experiential Learning KW - Recall (Psychology) KW - Low Achievement KW - Student Evaluation KW - Constructivism (Learning) KW - Teaching Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61857488?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 2158 5913 10830; 5470; 4144 3626; 5891 2877; 695 694 8016 4542; 6419 5242; 6182 96; 6411 96; 9934 10278 8016 4542; 8679 6519 1710; 6519 1710; 8233 1710; 10205 3626; 10576 5449 8768; 9451; 2871 10621 3227 6582; 3692 5882; 10621 3227 6582; 4424 5264; 4425 5264 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - National Curriculum Development and Initial Reflections on the Mathematics Framing Paper AN - 61857392; EJ853821 AB - The "National Mathematics Curriculum Framing Paper" has been released for consultation until 28 February 2009 (see www.ncb.org.au). Professional associations, teachers, teacher educators and others are taking the opportunity to organise meetings and forums to consider the views presented in the paper and to provide critical feedback and commentary on the proposed broad directions. The University of Sydney held a National Curriculum Symposium in December to bring together teachers, school system personnel, academics and representatives from the National Curriculum Board to have a "robust and broad ranging discussion" about the four framing papers released by the NCB: English, Mathematics, History and the Sciences. The program for the symposium began with a presentation by Professor Kerry Kennedy about his reflections on national curriculum in Australia over the last 30 years. This was followed by brief presentations by each of the authors of the framing papers. Discussion groups for each of the disciplines considered key questions about the papers with feedback from each group. Finally Rob Randall, the acting Director of the NCB commented on the challenges identified by the discussion groups. In this paper, the author summarises the comments and discussion about curriculum development in general and the "National Mathematics Curriculum Framing Paper" in particular. JF - Australian Mathematics Teacher AU - Anderson, Judy Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 14 EP - 16 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 65 IS - 1 SN - 0045-0685, 0045-0685 KW - Australia KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Adult Education KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Stakeholders KW - Position Papers KW - Foreign Countries KW - Curriculum Development KW - Program Attitudes KW - Conferences (Gatherings) KW - Instructional Development KW - Mathematics Curriculum KW - National Curriculum KW - Discussion Groups UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61857392?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 2106; 6941 2515; 6416 2515; 2521 3184 2787; 4109 4335; 8290 730; 2917 4542; 8032 8824 8477; 5247 3184 2787; 10023 4542 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Translational Bounds for Factorial n and the Factorial Polynomial AN - 61855589; EJ853813 AB - During the period 1729-1826 Bernoulli, Euler, Goldbach and Legendre developed expressions for defining and evaluating "n"! and the related gamma function. Expressions related to "n"! and the gamma function are a common feature in computer science and engineering applications. In the modern computer age people live in now, two common tests to determine improved power of new computers are finding new large prime numbers and calculating "n"! for larger values of "n". Therefore it is useful to know how quickly "n"! grows and what tight bounds exist. In this article, the authors discuss the translational bounds for factorial "n" and the factorial polynomial. JF - Australian Senior Mathematics Journal AU - Mahmood, Munir AU - Edwards, Phillip Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 31 EP - 36 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 23 IS - 1 SN - 0819-4564, 0819-4564 KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Secondary Education KW - Mathematical Logic KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Computer Science KW - Computers KW - Equations (Mathematics) KW - Validity KW - Secondary School Mathematics KW - Problem Solving UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61855589?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 2053 5154 9351 5964; 6419 5242; 9417 9414 2515 6416; 3551 6400 6403 6394; 8233 1710; 11210 3627 2416 10031; 6403; 2080 3337 3553 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cactus: The Centres of a Triangle AN - 61855495; EJ853830 AB - This is the first of two articles which describe how to use "JavaSketchPad" to explore the centres of a triangle. This introductory exercise is suggested in the GSP "Workshop Guide". Students can use "JavaSketchPad Interactive Geometry" (JSP) at home at no cost. They are likely to impress their parents with their enthusiasm for geometry and all they need on their computer is a Java enabled web browser and a suitable editor and they do not need to be on-line to use "JavaSketchPad". JSP provides a simple macro level introduction to programming that encourages further exploration. JF - Australian Mathematics Teacher AU - Hyde, Hartley Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 28 EP - 30 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 65 IS - 2 SN - 0045-0685, 0045-0685 KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Geometric Concepts KW - Geometry KW - Educational Technology KW - Computer Uses in Education KW - Teaching Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61855495?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 4339 6396; 4343 6410 5964; 2074 2073 10675; 3268 10669; 6419 5242; 10621 3227 6582 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cactus: Software Priorities AN - 61855469; EJ853822 AB - The early eighties saw a period of rapid change in computing and teachers lost control of how they used computers in their classrooms. Software companies produced computer tools that looked so good that teachers forgot about writing their own classroom materials and happily purchased software--that offered much more than teachers needed--from companies that had little knowledge of pedagogy. This article encourages teachers to budget time and money for a better balance between teaching how to use powerful computer tools and writing their own materials to meet the needs of their classes. (Contains 2 figures.) JF - Australian Mathematics Teacher AU - Hyde, Hartley Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 22 EP - 24 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 65 IS - 1 SN - 0045-0685, 0045-0685 KW - Australia KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Programming KW - Foreign Countries KW - Technology Integration KW - Lesson Plans KW - Computer Software KW - Computer Assisted Instruction KW - Educational Technology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61855469?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 2015 2074 2073 10675; 2059; 3268 10669; 10671; 5954; 4109 4335; 8328 2053 5154 9351 5964 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Putting a Classroom Spin on Invariance in Circles AN - 61855070; EJ853816 AB - An old chestnut goes something like this. The surface area of a pond in the form of an annulus is required, but the only measurement possible is the length of the chord across the outer circumference and tangent to the inner circumference. It is a beautiful example of invariance. Invariance in mathematics usually refers to a quantity that remains unchanged despite changes to other attributes related to that quantity. In this example, one could start drawing right angled triangles from the common centre, and use a little algebra to find the surface area--but there is an easier way. Those familiar with this problem will know that for a fixed chord length, the inner and outer radii can vary without changing the area of the annulus. This means that one can reduce the inner radius to zero, so that the chord becomes a diameter of the outer circle. Therefore, the area of the annulus is the area of the circle with that diameter. This article puts a classroom spin on invariance in circles. (Contains 8 figures.) JF - Australian Senior Mathematics Journal AU - Staples, Ed Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 51 EP - 57 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 23 IS - 1 SN - 0819-4564, 0819-4564 KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Secondary Education KW - Algebra KW - Mathematical Logic KW - Geometric Concepts KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Equations (Mathematics) KW - Validity KW - Mathematical Concepts KW - Secondary School Mathematics KW - Problem Solving KW - Measurement Techniques UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61855070?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 6419 5242; 6396; 4339 6396; 6446 6582; 402 6410 5964; 11210 3627 2416 10031; 6403; 3551 6400 6403 6394; 8233 1710; 9417 9414 2515 6416 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Con Test AN - 61855033; EJ853794 AB - In this article, the author describes the format of the Con Test, an Australian television game show which followed the same general rules and game play as the UK show PokerFace. At the end of each round a contestant needs to decide whether or not he or she should fold. A contestant needs to know how likely it is that he or she is in last place. The author discusses the probability the contestant is in danger of elimination if two correct answers are given. (Contains 1 table.) JF - Australian Senior Mathematics Journal AU - Fletcher, Michael Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 17 EP - 19 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 23 IS - 1 SN - 0819-4564, 0819-4564 KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Secondary Education KW - Probability KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Television KW - Scores KW - Mathematical Concepts KW - Secondary School Mathematics KW - Games KW - Teaching Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61855033?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 6419 5242; 10621 3227 6582; 8222 6410 5964; 6396; 9370 2572; 4270 126; 10699 10680 1862 10669 6362; 9417 9414 2515 6416 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Where Does the Formula Come from? Students Investigating Total Surface Areas of a Pyramid and Cone Using Models and Technology AN - 61854986; EJ853823 AB - Spatial reasoning is a skill that needs to be developed in students as it is important in geometry for determining total surface areas and volumes of 3-dimensional shapes (Liedtke, 1995). Simply teaching children the formulae, in this case for finding total surface areas, can limit them in understanding mathematics conceptually (Bonotto, 2003). Helping students establish a relationship between the total surface area of a three-dimensional solid and the area of a two-dimensional net should help them in understanding total surface area conceptually. In this article, the author discusses the challenges pre-service secondary school teachers faced in trying to understand how to work out the surface areas of square and rectangular pyramids and a cone. The pitfalls of just giving students a formula to work with without involving them in learning where the formulas come from are presented. (Contains 11 figures and 2 footnotes.) JF - Australian Mathematics Teacher AU - Obara, Samuel Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 25 EP - 33 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 65 IS - 1 SN - 0045-0685, 0045-0685 KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Higher Education KW - Secondary Education KW - Thinking Skills KW - Algebra KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Geometric Concepts KW - Mathematical Formulas KW - Preservice Teachers KW - Mathematical Concepts KW - Secondary School Mathematics KW - Geometry KW - Spatial Ability KW - Secondary School Teachers UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61854986?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 6396; 9420 10591 8267 3417 8016 4542 5703 4908 8917; 4339 6396; 4343 6410 5964; 6419 5242; 402 6410 5964; 10852 1701 1 9690; 9912 1; 6400 6403 6394; 8145 1806 10278 8016 4542; 9417 9414 2515 6416 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - E-Mail Order AN - 61854014; EJ853819 AB - A secretary has "n" letters and "n" addressed envelopes. Instead of matching each letter with the corresponding envelope, she inserts the letters in a random manner. What are the chances that every letter will be in the wrong envelope? In this article, the author presents a solution to this problem and discusses possible ways of placing the letters. JF - Australian Mathematics Teacher AU - Scott, Paul Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 3 EP - 5 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 65 IS - 1 SN - 0045-0685, 0045-0685 KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Word Problems (Mathematics) KW - Algebra KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Equations (Mathematics) KW - Teaching Methods KW - Problem Solving UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61854014?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 6419 5242; 8233 1710; 11542 6394; 3551 6400 6403 6394; 10621 3227 6582; 402 6410 5964 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Demonstrating e Using Areas under Curves AN - 61853945; EJ853814 AB - The number "e" is one of those fascinating numbers whose properties are of special interest to mathematicians. In this article, the author aims to provide a method of introducing a visual concept of the number "e". These ideas are suitable for secondary school and undergraduate tertiary students. The main concept involves areas under curves. Indeed, the number "e" is sometimes introduced as the base of the natural logarithm function. (Contains 5 figures.) JF - Australian Senior Mathematics Journal AU - Plant, Allison Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 37 EP - 42 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 23 IS - 1 SN - 0819-4564, 0819-4564 KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Higher Education KW - Secondary Education KW - Geometric Concepts KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Equations (Mathematics) KW - Validity KW - Mathematical Concepts KW - Secondary School Mathematics KW - Graphs KW - College Mathematics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61853945?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 6419 5242; 9417 9414 2515 6416; 1786 6416 2515 1765; 6396; 4339 6396; 4485 11302; 3551 6400 6403 6394; 11210 3627 2416 10031 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Ideal Mathematics Class for Grades 5 and 6: What Do the Students Think? AN - 61841324; EJ853836 AB - Teachers and researchers work hard to discover the most effective ways of teaching mathematics in the primary classroom. When searching for new tasks to teach or ways to adapt a task to fit the class's profile, they often "phone a friend," drawing on the know-how and knowledge of colleagues and experts. Other articles in this issue attempt to provide that kind of lifeline by looking at ways teachers can create or adapt tasks so that they engage and challenge most students. Here the author wants to consider another important source of expertise, one that is easy to overlook. In this article, the author describes the ideal mathematics classroom from the students' points of view. (Contains 2 footnotes and 3 figures.) JF - Australian Primary Mathematics Classroom AU - O'Shea, Helen Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 18 EP - 23 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 14 IS - 2 SN - 1326-0286, 1326-0286 KW - Australia KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Grade 5 KW - Grade 6 KW - Elementary School Mathematics KW - Interaction KW - Elementary School Students KW - Cooperative Learning KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Gender Differences KW - Foreign Countries KW - Student Attitudes KW - Educational Games KW - Experiential Learning KW - Outdoor Education KW - Age Differences KW - Teaching Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61841324?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 4422 5264; 6419 5242; 10621 3227 6582; 4423 5264; 10181 730; 3363 10278 8016 4542; 3360 6416 2515 3357; 4109 4335; 3206 4270 126; 5348 8768; 3692 5882; 312 5054 2842; 4290; 2225 5882; 7458 3150 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - E: How to Multiply by Adding AN - 61840862; EJ853826 AB - These days, multiplying two numbers together is a breeze. One just enters the two numbers into one's calculator, press a button, and there is the answer! It never used to be this easy. Generations of students struggled with tables of logarithms, and thought it was a miracle when the slide rule first appeared. In this article, the author discusses how to multiply by adding and offers ways on how to make a simple slide rule. JF - Australian Mathematics Teacher AU - Scott, Paul Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 3 EP - 5 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 65 IS - 2 SN - 0045-0685, 0045-0685 KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Multiplication KW - Arithmetic KW - Computation KW - Equipment KW - Instrumentation KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Calculus KW - Mathematical Concepts KW - Graphs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61840862?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 610 6410 5964; 4485 11302; 1240 6410 5964; 6419 5242; 6879 610 6410 5964; 5283; 2003 6394; 3553; 6396 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Finding the Area of a Circle: Didactic Explanations in School Mathematics AN - 61834580; EJ859751 AB - Learning about the area formulas provides many opportunities for students even at the beginning of junior secondary school to experience mathematical deduction. For example, in easy cases, students can put two triangles together to make a rectangle, and so deduce that the area of a triangle is half the area of a corresponding rectangle. They can dissect a trapezium and rearrange the pieces to make rectangles, parallelograms or rectangles and triangles, and so find the area of a trapezium from the area of other known shapes. The area of a circle, however, provides a new challenge. The curved edge poses a difficult mathematical problem, with an interesting history. In this article, the authors present several different explanations of the formula for the area of a circle, which have logically different status. Some are "light" versions of a proper mathematical proof, but others are not. However, they believe that they all have a role as didactic explanations in junior secondary mathematics. Explanations in school mathematics must do far more than "prove." The explanations were found in a survey of nine current Australian Year 8 textbooks. They saw a rich and interesting range of possibilities. In the sections below, they show some of the varieties of demonstrations found in their survey. (Contains 5 figures.) JF - Australian Mathematics Teacher AU - Stacey, Kaye AU - Vincent, Jill Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 6 EP - 9 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 65 IS - 3 SN - 0045-0685, 0045-0685 KW - Australia KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Grade 8 KW - Secondary Education KW - Geometric Concepts KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Validity KW - Secondary School Mathematics KW - Concept Formation KW - Foreign Countries KW - Mathematical Logic KW - Educational Opportunities KW - Mathematical Formulas KW - Mathematics Activities KW - Learning Activities UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61834580?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 6419 5242; 5883 126; 2082 5904 1710; 6412 126; 6403; 4339 6396; 3232 7367; 9417 9414 2515 6416; 6400 6403 6394; 11210 3627 2416 10031; 4109 4335; 4425 5264 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Time for Talk: The Drawing-Telling Process AN - 61833842; EJ859518 AB - When children start school, they bring with them a variety of background skills and informal knowledge that can enrich their learning of new concepts and ideas. A major tenet of many learning theories is that the more children are able to connect a new concept with their existing knowledge and understandings, the more they feel confident and able to engage actively in a new task. Such informal understandings can provide rich information for teachers but only if, and when, students have the opportunity to show what they know. Currently, there are a number of useful programs across educational sectors that assist teachers to identify children's mathematical ability as they enter their first year of school. Although the information gained from these early assessments is undeniably valuable, their focused nature means that they may not allow students to demonstrate the richness of their background knowledge. Also imperative for a balanced approach are forms of open-ended assessment that complement existing assessment processes by revealing additional information that may not be gained in a diagnostic interview. In classrooms, teachers are continually making decisions about students' knowledge and understanding of mathematical concepts in order to plan relevant and meaningful learning activities. It makes sense for teachers to give students opportunities to show what they know in multiple ways. To do this effectively, teachers need to develop strategies for tapping into the ways in which their students are making meaning. This requires students to be able to represent their internal understanding in external ways. Eliciting students' drawings or work samples is one established way of representing internal understanding externally. However, current work related to multiliteracies emphasises the importance of giving students a variety of opportunities for making meaning using multi-modal methods. When a teacher begins a new topic in mathematics, for example, he or she is aware that the extent of students' prior knowledge will vary greatly depending on their social and cultural backgrounds. As a consequence, it seems important that teachers do not limit the ways in which students can represent what they know. In this article, the authors discuss how open-ended tasks can complement existing methods for identifying students' prior mathematical understanding. They describe how a combination of drawing and telling can help teachers better to discern and respond to students' developing understandings of clocks. (Contains 4 figures.) JF - Australian Primary Mathematics Classroom AU - Smith, Tracey AU - MacDonald, Amy Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 21 EP - 26 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 14 IS - 3 SN - 1326-0286, 1326-0286 KW - Australia KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Elementary Education KW - Social Influences KW - Elementary School Students KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Comprehension KW - Mathematics Education KW - Foreign Countries KW - Time KW - Cultural Influences KW - Freehand Drawing KW - Learning Theories KW - Mathematical Concepts KW - Teaching Methods KW - Prior Learning UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61833842?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 5913 10830; 8200 5882; 6396; 6419 5242; 10621 3227 6582; 6417 3150; 4192 11303 4007 4918 5964; 2484 5127; 9769 5127; 1989 5333 8409 5051; 3363 10278 8016 4542; 10860 9354; 4109 4335 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Learning How to Represent Mathematics on Paper AN - 61833734; EJ855966 AB - These authors have been working with a school in New Zealand that teaches mathematics, in the Maori language. In the last two years, the focus has been on improving the quantity and the quality of writing in mathematics. For the authors, "writing" meant using words, diagrams, symbols and graphs, either individually or in combination. Collaboratively, they explored what was already being done and how they could build on the existing strengths. In working with the teachers, the authors classified the strategies for working with the students around the Mathematics Register Acquisition (MRA) model. In this article, the authors discuss the four stages of the model--noticing, intake, integration, and output--and outline some of the strategies seen at these stages. (Contains 11 figures.) JF - Australian Primary Mathematics Classroom AU - Meaney, Tamsin AU - Trinick, Tony AU - Fairhall, Uenuku Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 21 EP - 27 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 14 IS - 1 SN - 1326-0286, 1326-0286 KW - New Zealand KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Teachers KW - Evaluation KW - Teacher Role KW - Foreign Countries KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Symbols (Mathematics) KW - Malayo Polynesian Languages KW - Reflection KW - Models UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61833734?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 10407; 4109 4335; 6263 5802; 6419 5242; 6752 9651 6582; 8723 1710; 10565 9015; 3626 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Critical Numeracy and Abstraction: Percentages AN - 61833433; EJ855963 AB - Being numerate involves using mathematical ideas efficiently to make sense of the world, which is much more than just being able to calculate. What is needed is the accurate interpretation of mathematical information and the ability to draw sound conclusions based on mathematical reasoning. This skill may be called "critical numeracy", defined as "being able to critique or make critical interpretations of mathematical information." There is a clear analogy with critical literacy, which involves the realisation that all texts represent different views of the world and requires students to go beyond acceptance to analysing and challenging. How should students be taught mathematics to develop critical numeracy? The traditional approach--sometimes called the "ABC method" because "A"bstract concepts and procedures are taught "B"efore "C"oncrete examples and applications--certainly seems inadequate. In the ABC method, "knowledge acquired in "context-free" circumstances is supposed to be available for general application in all contexts"--but research consistently shows that, in practice, this intention is rarely fulfilled. In this article, the authors describe an approach to teaching percent that puts contexts and application before abstract concepts and procedures. This approach, which the authors call "teaching for abstraction", is the reverse of the ABC method. (Contains 1 table and 6 figures.) JF - Australian Primary Mathematics Classroom AU - White, Paul AU - Mitchelmore, Mike AU - Wilson, Sue AU - Faragher, Rhonda Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 4 EP - 8 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 14 IS - 1 SN - 1326-0286, 1326-0286 KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Literary Criticism KW - Abstract Reasoning KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Numeracy KW - Mathematical Concepts KW - Learner Engagement KW - Social Justice KW - Teaching Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61833433?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 7196; 6419 5242; 10621 3227 6582; 6396; 6110 2434; 18 1710; 9778 1566 5627; 5880 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improving Students' Attitudes to Chance with Games and Activities AN - 61831986; EJ859754 AB - A study was undertaken to implement a series of chance games and activities in a Year 7 classroom, and investigate the students' knowledge about probability concepts, as well as their attitudes to chance. Initially, the project involved selecting a set of appropriate learning activities to develop key probability concepts which are integral to the probabilistic thinking framework by Jones, Thornton, Langrall & Tarr (1999). These were randomness, likelihood, sample space, experimental probability, theoretical probability, and independence. This article reports on the "attitudes" aspect of the project. The project investigated the extent to which the "attitudes-behaviour" cycle proposed in the theory of personal action (Ajzen & Fishbein, 2000) applied to students' learning of chance in the classroom. In particular, it was concerned with the strength of the link between learning experiences and attitudes, and with observing and reporting on any changes in attitudes that occurred during the project. Data on students' attitudes were collected before and after the set of learning episodes. The aspects of attitudes considered in the project were enjoyment, motivation, confidence, anxiety, and perceptions about the usefulness of learning about chance. Overall, there was evidence of an improvement in students' attitudes to chance, namely, greater enjoyment and motivation, increased perception of the usefulness of chance, and less anxiety, over the duration of the project. (Contains 3 figures.) JF - Australian Mathematics Teacher AU - Nisbet, Steven AU - Williams, Anne Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 25 EP - 37 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 65 IS - 3 SN - 0045-0685, 0045-0685 KW - Australia KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Grade 7 KW - Thinking Skills KW - Probability KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Anxiety KW - Early Adolescents KW - Learning Experience KW - Foreign Countries KW - Self Esteem KW - Knowledge Level KW - Student Attitudes KW - Educational Games KW - Student Motivation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61831986?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 10181 730; 5893 3685 853; 10226 6827; 8222 6410 5964; 547 8415; 3206 4270 126; 4424 5264; 3083 316 8016 4542; 5678 96; 10852 1701 1 9690; 9469 9451; 4109 4335; 6419 5242 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Equivalence and Equations in Early Years Classrooms AN - 61831684; EJ855964 AB - Early algebraic thinking in a primary context is not about introducing formal algebraic concepts into the classroom but involves reconsidering how one thinks about arithmetic. Early algebraic thinking assists young students to engage effectively with arithmetic in ways that support engagement with arithmetic structure rather than arithmetic as a tool for computation. The distinction between arithmetic thinking and algebraic thinking in the early years' context is best defined as: arithmetic thinking focuses on product (a focus on arithmetic as a computational tool) and algebraic thinking focuses on process (a focus on the structure of arithmetic). With regards to equivalence in the early years, there are four key areas that students should explore: (1) Developing the comparative language that assists in describing equivalent and non-equivalent situations; (2) Developing an understanding that equals means that the two expressions are equivalent; (3) Representing equations in a variety of different formats including equations with more than one number on the left hand side (e.g., 2 + 5 = 3 + 2 + 2 and 7 = 5 + 2); and (4) Using the "balance principle" to find unknowns. In this article, the authors explain these four areas and provide examples and suggestions on how young children can develop powerful understandings of equivalence and equations. (Contains 8 figures and 1 table.) JF - Australian Primary Mathematics Classroom AU - Warren, Elizabeth AU - Mollinson, Annette AU - Oestrich, Kym Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 10 EP - 15 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 14 IS - 1 SN - 1326-0286, 1326-0286 KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Arithmetic KW - Computation KW - Algebra KW - Mathematical Formulas KW - Equations (Mathematics) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61831684?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 3551 6400 6403 6394; 610 6410 5964; 402 6410 5964; 2003 6394; 6400 6403 6394 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Building an Igloo: A Rich Source of Mathematics for Young Children AN - 61831111; EJ855967 AB - Early childhood teachers know that children arrive at school with an enormous range of mathematical capabilities, but this is not always reflected in mathematics curricula that are offered. The diverse nature of the experiences young children have encountered before commencing school and their differing abilities to articulate their thoughts contribute to the diversity of informal mathematics that children have developed. Formal mathematics instruction should be grounded in young children's informal mathematical ideas. Teachers need to bridge young children's informal mathematical knowledge with the more formal mathematics required at school and to support the development of young children's higher order thinking and metacognitive skills. Providing appropriate tasks can make an important contribution to this end. This article describes the mathematics learning that arose from one such task in a Prep class (first compulsory year of schooling in Tasmania) with children aged 5-6 years. (Contains 2 figures.) JF - Australian Primary Mathematics Classroom AU - Knowles, Jane Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 28 EP - 32 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 14 IS - 1 SN - 1326-0286, 1326-0286 KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Early Childhood Education KW - Thinking Skills KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Young Children KW - Mathematics Curriculum KW - Mathematical Concepts KW - Metacognition KW - Mathematics Education UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61831111?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 6417 3150; 11655 1474 316 8016 4542; 6563 1710; 6419 5242; 3085 3150; 6416 2515; 10852 1701 1 9690; 6396 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Scaffolding Students' Thinking in Mathematical Investigations AN - 61830853; EJ859519 AB - Mathematical investigations are loosely-defined, engaging problem-solving tasks that allow students to ask their own questions, explore their own interests and set their own goals. The value of investigations for students lies in their complexity. Scaffolding plays an important role in supporting students' high-level engagement by encouraging divergent and creative thinking. Scaffolding is "a process that enables a child or novice to solve a problem, carry out a task or achieve a goal which would be beyond his (or her) unassisted efforts." Scaffolding provides the opportunity for students to develop their independence, sense-making and self-confidence whilst working mathematically. However it is incorrect to assume that all conversations between teachers and students amount to scaffolding because not all result in high-level thinking and reasoning in students. Understanding what is ineffective and why, is one way to improve teachers' pedagogical practice. This article describes some of the issues that teachers might encounter when scaffolding students' thinking during mathematical investigations. It describes four episodes in which a teacher's interactions with students failed to support their mathematical thinking and explores the reasons why the scaffolding was ineffective. As a background to these episodes, the authors first provide an overview of the mathematical investigation. The article concludes with some recommendations for scaffolding during investigations. (Contains 5 figures.) JF - Australian Primary Mathematics Classroom AU - McCosker, Natalie AU - Diezmann, Carmel M. Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 27 EP - 32 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 14 IS - 3 SN - 1326-0286, 1326-0286 KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Teachers KW - Elementary Education KW - Elementary School Mathematics KW - Thinking Skills KW - Teacher Student Relationship KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Mathematics Skills KW - Problem Solving KW - Scaffolding (Teaching Technique) KW - Mathematical Logic KW - Grade 3 KW - Creative Thinking KW - Investigations KW - Teaching Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61830853?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 5500 8836; 2385 1710; 10576 5449 8768; 10852 1701 1 9690; 6421 9690 1; 6403; 8233 1710; 9121 10621 3227 6582; 10621 3227 6582; 6419 5242; 4420 5264; 3360 6416 2515 3357 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Number Guessing AN - 61830380; EJ859752 AB - It is instructive and interesting to find hidden numbers by using different positional numeration systems. Most of the present guessing techniques use the binary system expressed as less-than, greater-than or present-absent type information. This article describes how, by employing four cards having integers 1-64 written in different colours, one can guess the secret number held by the player. This game can be used as a teaching aid for demonstrating base-4 representation of numbers or the concept of isomorphism. (Contains 4 figures.) JF - Australian Mathematics Teacher AU - Sezin, Fatin Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 10 EP - 16 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 65 IS - 3 SN - 0045-0685, 0045-0685 KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Prediction KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Educational Games KW - Mathematical Concepts KW - Numbers KW - Manipulative Materials KW - Color KW - Teaching Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61830380?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 6419 5242; 6396; 7195 10407; 6296 5258 3224; 3206 4270 126; 10621 3227 6582; 8094; 1823 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cracking the NAPLAN Code: Numeracy and Literacy Demands AN - 61829756; EJ859516 AB - In May 2008, the first National Assessment Program for Literacy and Numeracy (NAPLAN) test was administered across Australia to determine the standard of literacy and numeracy achievement of Australia's students in Years 3, 5, 7 and 9. Some students did very well on the tests and some did not. This type of test can tell a great deal about students' learning. They also reveal a lot about what is likely to be happening (or not happening) in classrooms and across schools in terms of what students are being taught and exposed to. One particular concern that has been raised in relation to the items on the tests relates to the literacy demands inherent in understanding the requirements of the tasks. This article looks at the literacy demands of the numeracy tests and draws attention to the importance of explicit teaching of the literacy skills that allow students to access what is being assessed in the questions. (Contains 4 figures.) JF - Australian Primary Mathematics Classroom AU - Perso, Thelma Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 14 EP - 18 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 14 IS - 3 SN - 1326-0286, 1326-0286 KW - Australia KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Grade 3 KW - Grade 5 KW - Grade 7 KW - Grade 9 KW - Coding KW - Educational Indicators KW - Numeracy KW - Reading Comprehension KW - Problem Solving KW - Word Problems (Mathematics) KW - Foreign Countries KW - Mathematics Tests KW - Educational Assessment KW - Literacy KW - Achievement Tests KW - Teaching Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61829756?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 7196; 4109 4335; 6101; 10621 3227 6582; 11542 6394; 8631 1989 5333 8409 5051 8661 8623 11225 1 5792 9690; 107 10789 6447; 6423 10789 6447; 3169 3626; 3213 10091 2572; 8233 1710; 1699 1595 7404 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Writing in Maths AN - 61829384; EJ859517 AB - Students write definitions or explanations of mathematical words or symbols in their own words. These can be collated and added to as the year progresses to form a class dictionary that all students can access as required, or students could create their own personal dictionaries. This article presents a collection of ideas for incorporating writing in mathematics teaching. (Contains 5 figures.) JF - Australian Primary Mathematics Classroom Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 19 EP - 20 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 14 IS - 3 SN - 1326-0286, 1326-0286 KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Elementary Education KW - Elementary School Mathematics KW - Creative Teaching KW - Journal Writing KW - Writing Across the Curriculum KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Mathematics Activities KW - Dictionaries KW - Teaching Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61829384?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 6419 5242; 11617 2173 11629 5242 11614 5752 6101; 6412 126; 10621 3227 6582; 2830 8719 8477; 5603 11614 5752 6101; 2384 10621 3227 6582; 3360 6416 2515 3357 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Matter of Interest AN - 61828739; EJ859750 AB - In these days of financial turmoil, there is greater interest in depositing one's money in the bank--at least one might hope for greater interest. Banks and various trusts pay compound interest at regular intervals: this means that interest is paid not only on the original sum deposited, but also on previous interest payments. This article presents mathematical problems on compound interest. JF - Australian Mathematics Teacher AU - Scott, Paul Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 3 EP - 5 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 65 IS - 3 SN - 0045-0685, 0045-0685 KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Credit (Finance) KW - Money Management KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Equations (Mathematics) KW - Relevance (Education) KW - Mathematical Concepts KW - Intervals KW - Problem Solving UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61828739?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 5469; 6774 153 4398; 6419 5242; 6396; 2394; 8233 1710; 3551 6400 6403 6394; 8774 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Visual Side to Numeracy: Students' Sensemaking with Graphics AN - 61828736; EJ855965 AB - The 21st century has placed increasing demand on individuals' proficiency with a wide array of visual representations, that is graphics. Hence, proficiency with visual tasks needs to be embedded across the curriculum. In mathematics, various graphics (e.g., maps, charts, number lines, graphs) are used as means of communication of mathematical ideas and also as tools for thinking about these ideas. Thus, to be numerate in contemporary society, all individuals need to make sense of the graphical aspects of mathematics. Although an understanding of representations is critical for numeracy, proficiency with graphics in mathematics is often overlooked. This article highlights the six key types of graphics used in mathematics and provides some suggestions for developing students' ability to interpret each of these types of graphics. As a background to the discussion on types of graphics, two roles of graphics are first discussed. (Contains 8 figures.) JF - Australian Primary Mathematics Classroom AU - Diezmann, Carmel AU - Lowrie, Tom AU - Sugars, Lindy AU - Logan, Tracy Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 16 EP - 20 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 14 IS - 1 SN - 1326-0286, 1326-0286 KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Numeracy KW - Maps KW - Spatial Ability KW - Topography KW - Mathematics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61828736?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 7196; 6410 5964; 9912 1; 6315 11302; 10893 9804 9351 5964 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Two Geo-Arithmetic Representations of n[superscript 3]: Sum of Hex Numbers AN - 61828662; EJ859753 AB - Studies have shown that students' understanding is typically analytic and not visual. Two possible reasons for this are when the analytic mode, instead of the graphic mode, is most frequently used in instruction or, when students or teachers hold the belief that mathematics consists simply of skillful manipulation of symbols and numbers. The National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM) states that: "Different representations support different ways of thinking about and manipulating mathematical objects. An object can be better understood when viewed through multiple lenses" (2000, p. 360). This article presents two ways of visualising a series in "proof without words" (PWW) style (Nelsen, 1993; 2000). The contention is not that one representation is superior to another, only that students often construct vastly different personal and idiosyncratic representations which lead to different understandings of a concept. (Contains 9 figures.) JF - Australian Mathematics Teacher AU - Unal, Husan Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 22 EP - 24 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 65 IS - 3 SN - 0045-0685, 0045-0685 KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Higher Education KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Geometric Concepts KW - Symbols (Mathematics) KW - Validity KW - Teacher Education KW - Visualization KW - Concept Formation KW - Arithmetic KW - Mathematical Logic KW - Equations (Mathematics) KW - Mathematical Concepts KW - Mathematics Teachers KW - Numbers UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61828662?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 10407; 6422 10591 8267 3417 8016 4542 5703 4908 8917; 4339 6396; 610 6410 5964; 6419 5242; 11318 1710; 6403; 11210 3627 2416 10031; 2082 5904 1710; 6396; 7195 10407; 10507 8260 3150; 3551 6400 6403 6394 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Licorice Production and Manufacturing: All-Sorts of Practical Applications for Statistics AN - 61828318; EJ859515 AB - Among the practical applications of statistics is the collection of data from manufacturing processes. Often collected in the form of a time series, data collected from a series of measurements show the variation in those measurements, such as mass of a product manufactured. Limits are set for quality control and if these are exceeded then a decision is made about the process; perhaps it is halted and adjustments made to create a more uniform product over time. Having students experience the process that creates variable data provides a powerful foundation on which students can build an understanding of data and motivate statistical ways of interpreting those data. Particularly powerful are contexts that involve the repeated actioning of a process that generates objects. This type of process allows learners to experience the "creation of variation" and sets the stage for defining the measurements they want to collect and choosing the graphic representations of those data that reveal both the variability and the structure in those data. Although it might seem as if many students have thought little about the variability of such processes and expect uniformity in all measures, becoming involved in the process themselves could provide first-hand experience of the variability produced. The first part of this article describes an activity based on "manufacturing" licorice sticks from play dough which was carried out in Grade 1 and Grade 3 classrooms. The second part of the article details a professional development session carried out with 27 teachers to introduce them to the concept of variation in an environment suitable for upper primary and middle school students. (Contains 15 figures and 5 footnotes.) JF - Australian Primary Mathematics Classroom AU - Watson, Jane AU - Skalicky, Jane AU - Fitzallen, Noleine AU - Wright, Suzie Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 4 EP - 13 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 14 IS - 3 SN - 1326-0286, 1326-0286 KW - Australia KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Elementary Education KW - Grade 1 KW - Grade 3 KW - Middle Schools KW - Primary Education KW - Class Activities KW - Statistics KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Middle School Students KW - Observation KW - Professional Development KW - Learning Processes KW - Manufacturing KW - Computer Software KW - Foreign Countries KW - Data Collection KW - Quality Control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61828318?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 6644 10278 8016 4542; 8520 3629 6582; 6303 10669; 4420 5264; 4413 5264; 2577 5150 5159 9556 2574 3629 6582; 5904 1710; 8258 5704 2787; 7234; 6419 5242; 2059; 10102 6410 5964; 1571 9146 126; 4109 4335 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Crossing the Divide between Teacher Professionalism and National Testing in Middle School Mathematics AN - 61814582; EJ867333 AB - Teacher professionalism is a social construct which varies across time and place. In relation to the teaching of mathematics in the middle school, professionalism is a concept under siege; with the advent of national testing some teachers predict dire consequences for student learning. In this small research project several teachers depicted their views of 'quality'in relation to the teaching of mathematics and potential threats from the coercive context in which they work. This article, reports and analyses four (4) teachers' views and practices of "quality" in relation to the teaching and learning of mathematics in the middle school. While these teachers felt comfortable in relation to their content knowledge and instructional practices, they felt their professional standing and student learning could be compromised by the enforcement of bureaucratic accountability agendas. The teachers felt these might cause divisions, cracks in their professionalism and pedagogical practices, with students' learning becoming the ultimate casualty. JF - Australian Mathematics Teacher AU - Dimarco, Silvia Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 6 EP - 10 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 65 IS - 4 SN - 0045-0685, 0045-0685 KW - Australia KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Adult Education KW - Middle Schools KW - Educational Strategies KW - Instructional Effectiveness KW - Mathematics Achievement KW - Teacher Attitudes KW - Classroom Techniques KW - Mathematics Education KW - Teacher Surveys KW - Foreign Countries KW - Educational Practices KW - Educational Quality KW - Teaching Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61814582?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 6646 9306 5241; 10621 3227 6582; 6411 96; 3242; 3250; 10482 730; 6417 3150; 1619 3227 6582; 3264 3227 6582; 5248; 4109 4335; 10579 10380 3629 6582 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Mathematical Solution to the Motorway Problem AN - 61813368; EJ867341 AB - This article presents a mathematical solution to a motorway problem. The motorway problem is an excellent application in optimisation. As it integrates the concepts of trigonometric functions and differentiation, the motorway problem can be used quite effectively as the basis for an assessment tool in senior secondary mathematics subjects. (Contains 6 figures.) JF - Australian Senior Mathematics Journal AU - Michaelson, Matthew T. Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 30 EP - 34 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 23 IS - 2 SN - 0819-4564, 0819-4564 KW - Australia KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - High Schools KW - Secondary Education KW - Foreign Countries KW - Calculus KW - Trigonometry KW - Mathematical Concepts KW - Secondary School Mathematics KW - Mathematics Education KW - Mathematical Applications KW - Problem Solving UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61813368?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 11014 6410 5964; 1240 6410 5964; 6396; 9417 9414 2515 6416; 8233 1710; 6394; 6417 3150; 4109 4335 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Predicting Precipitation in Darwin: An Experiment with Markov Chains AN - 61811568; EJ867337 AB - As teachers of first-year college mathematics and science students, the authors are constantly on the lookout for simple classroom exercises that improve their students' analytical and computational skills. In this article, the authors outline a project entitled "Predicting Precipitation in Darwin." In this project, students: (1) analyze and manipulate raw precipitation data; (2) build a prediction model using a Markov chain; (3) predict the long term distribution of precipitation-free and rainy days in Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia; (4) use a chi-square test to evaluate the effectiveness of the model they have constructed; and (5) improve their prediction model. Beyond access to the Internet (to obtain the raw data) and a computer spreadsheet program or calculator, no special equipment is required. If the data is downloaded in advance, a well-prepared junior or senior high-school mathematics (or science) class should be able to perform this exercise in approximately 30-45 minutes of class time. (Contains 1 figure and 8 tables.) JF - Australian Senior Mathematics Journal AU - Boncek, John AU - Harden, Sig Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 8 EP - 14 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 23 IS - 2 KW - Australia KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Teachers KW - Higher Education KW - Prediction KW - Demonstrations (Educational) KW - Foreign Countries KW - Geometric Concepts KW - Student Projects KW - Science Activities KW - College Mathematics KW - Case Method (Teaching Technique) KW - Teaching Methods KW - Science Course Improvement Projects KW - Markov Processes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61811568?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - E-Coli and Other Problems AN - 61811531; EJ867332 AB - In applied mathematics particularly, one is interested in modeling real life situations; that is why, one tries to express some actual phenomenon mathematically, and then uses mathematics to determine future outcomes. It may be that one actually wishes to change the future outcome. Mathematics will not do this, but at least it tells one what to expect. This article provides real life mathematical problems having to do with rabbit populations, radiation, bacteria, and food shortages. JF - Australian Mathematics Teacher AU - Scott, Paul Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 4 EP - 5 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 65 IS - 4 SN - 0045-0685, 0045-0685 KW - Australia KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Adult Education KW - Foreign Countries KW - Problem Based Learning KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Mathematics Activities KW - Mathematics Education KW - Mathematical Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61811531?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 6419 5242; 6417 3150; 6394; 8227 5882; 6412 126; 4109 4335 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cracking the NAPLAN Code: Numeracy in Action AN - 61811285; EJ867334 AB - In this paper, the author recommends that every teacher of mathematics should undertake an analysis using their own data. She further recommends that they reflect on the outcomes of their analysis and share it with colleagues. Teachers can look at an individual student's results, variations in results between student sub-groups in their classes, and student responses to questions from different strands. Following this, some reflection on current teaching of mathematics for numeracy attainment should be considered. A key focus of this reflection and discussion is to question whether students are being taught the deep understandings of mathematics concepts and the capacity, confidence and disposition to use them, or are they merely taught mathematics as a system of methods and procedures set in a relatively neutral context. If the latter, teachers and school leaders need to be aware that they are seriously at risk of not giving their students access to numeracy attainment. One cannot assume that students will make the connections between methods and procedures and the conceptual understandings needed for deep learning based on the fact that they've been taught the methods and procedures for finding answers. JF - Australian Mathematics Teacher AU - Perso, Thelma Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 11 EP - 16 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 65 IS - 4 SN - 0045-0685, 0045-0685 KW - Australia KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Adult Education KW - Educational Strategies KW - Instructional Effectiveness KW - Foreign Countries KW - Mathematical Formulas KW - Numeracy KW - Mathematics Achievement KW - Mathematics Tests KW - Academic Achievement KW - Mathematics Education KW - Teaching Methods KW - Mathematical Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61811285?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 6417 3150; 7196; 6400 6403 6394; 6394; 28 96; 6411 96; 6423 10789 6447; 10621 3227 6582; 3264 3227 6582; 5248; 4109 4335 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An Ordinary but Surprisingly Powerful Theorem AN - 61811033; EJ867343 AB - Being a mathematician, the author started to wonder if there are any theorems in mathematics that seem very ordinary on the outside, but when applied, have surprisingly far reaching consequences. The author thought about this and came up with the following unlikely candidate which follows immediately from the definition of the area of a rectangle as length multiplied by width. The author refers to this theorem as Ordinary Theorem (OT). In this article, the author illustrates this ordinary but powerful theorem, and describes how important this seemingly ordinary theorem really is. The author also shows a treasure trove hidden in this theorem that is of almost all the familiar theorems one learns in high school, some of whose proofs are elusive. The author ends this article by leaving a question for one to ponder, "Should the area of a right triangle be taught as a fundamental concept in high school?" (Contains 9 figures.) JF - Australian Senior Mathematics Journal AU - Sultan, Alan Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 47 EP - 58 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 23 IS - 2 SN - 0819-4564, 0819-4564 KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - High Schools KW - Mathematical Logic KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Geometric Concepts KW - Validity KW - Mathematical Concepts KW - Secondary School Mathematics KW - Problem Solving KW - Fundamental Concepts UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61811033?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 4242; 4741 9421 9306 5241; 4339 6396; 6403; 11210 3627 2416 10031; 6419 5242; 9417 9414 2515 6416; 6396; 8233 1710 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Introducing Complex Numbers AN - 61810841; EJ867344 AB - One of the difficulties in any teaching of mathematics is to bridge the divide between the abstract and the intuitive. Throughout school one encounters increasingly abstract notions, which are more and more difficult to relate to everyday experiences. This article examines a familiar approach to thinking about negative numbers, that is an intuitive approach with the aid of the number line. This article also presents a less complicated approach that is by extension to the number compass. An analogy used to introduce complex numbers in more or less the same way is presented. JF - Australian Senior Mathematics Journal AU - Trudgian, Timothy Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 59 EP - 62 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 23 IS - 2 SN - 0819-4564, 0819-4564 KW - Australia KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Adult Education KW - Foreign Countries KW - Mathematical Formulas KW - Mathematics Curriculum KW - Numbers KW - Number Systems KW - Number Concepts KW - Teaching Methods KW - Mathematical Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61810841?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 7195 10407; 7190 6396; 7193 7195 10407; 6394; 6400 6403 6394; 10621 3227 6582; 6416 2515; 4109 4335 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - What You See Is What You Get: Investigations with a View Tube AN - 61810486; EJ867342 AB - This paper presents an investigation by pre-service secondary school teachers in a geometry class of the relationship between the perpendicular distance from the eyeball to the wall (x) and the viewable vertical distance on the wall (y) using a view tube of constant length and diameter. In undertaking the investigation, students used tabular and graphical representations to determine the relationship. They also used a TI-84 calculator to investigate the relationship, and also modelled the scenario with the aid of "Geometer's Sketchpad" software. In this article, the author offers four reasons to use investigations and presents the first of three investigations posed to a group of preservice teachers in a geometry class for pre-service secondary school teachers in Texas, USA. (Contains 6 figures and 1 table.) JF - Australian Senior Mathematics Journal AU - Obara, Samuel Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 35 EP - 46 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 23 IS - 2 SN - 0819-4564, 0819-4564 KW - Australia KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Higher Education KW - Schematic Studies KW - Mathematical Models KW - Preservice Teacher Education KW - Secondary School Teachers KW - Algebra KW - Foreign Countries KW - Mathematics Curriculum KW - Mathematics Activities KW - Geometry KW - Investigations KW - Graphs KW - Mathematical Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61810486?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 5500 8836; 9420 10591 8267 3417 8016 4542 5703 4908 8917; 4343 6410 5964; 8144 10507 8260 3150; 6404 6752 9651 6582; 4485 11302; 402 6410 5964; 6412 126; 6394; 9128 8836; 6416 2515; 4109 4335 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Zero-at-the-End Problem AN - 61810315; EJ867338 AB - A problem given in the Australian Mathematics Competition for the Westpac Awards was stated as follows: With how many zeros does 2008! end? In this article, the author solves this problem, and provides further discussion on the related problems. These problems form a good model that helps students develop a logical thinking process toward problem solving when they encounter a mathematical problem that they have never seen before. Moreover, the best part is that students can understand these problems and their solution methods without any advanced mathematics. JF - Australian Senior Mathematics Journal AU - Chang, Mu-Ling Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 15 EP - 17 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 23 IS - 2 SN - 0819-4564, 0819-4564 KW - Australia KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Higher Education KW - Secondary Education KW - Thinking Skills KW - Mathematical Logic KW - Foreign Countries KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Logical Thinking KW - Mathematical Formulas KW - Learning Processes KW - Secondary School Mathematics KW - College Mathematics KW - Mathematics Skills KW - Problem Solving UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61810315?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 8233 1710; 6169 1710; 4109 4335; 6419 5242; 6403; 10852 1701 1 9690; 5904 1710; 6421 9690 1; 6400 6403 6394; 9417 9414 2515 6416; 1786 6416 2515 1765 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ponder This AN - 61810260; EJ867345 AB - This article presents a problem set which includes a selection of probability problems. Probability theory started essentially as an empirical science and developed on the mathematical side later. The problems featured in this article demonstrate diversity of ideas and different concepts of probability, in particular, they refer to Laplace and Bernoulli models as well as to geometric probability. JF - Australian Senior Mathematics Journal AU - Yevdokimov, Oleksiy Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 63 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 23 IS - 2 SN - 0819-4564, 0819-4564 KW - Australia KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Adult Education KW - Probability KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Problem Sets KW - Mathematical Concepts UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61810260?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 8232 5258 3224; 8222 6410 5964; 6419 5242; 6396 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Responses of One School to the 2008 Year 9 NAPLAN Numeracy Test AN - 61810220; EJ867336 AB - In May 2008, the National Assessment Program--Literary and Numeracy (NAPLAN) conducted nation-wide tests for reading, writing, language conventions, and numeracy. A national assessment program of this kind should provide the stimulus for macro-level (systemic) analytical studies and micro-level (individual school and/or class) analytical studies of the data. This paper is concerned with the latter type of study where numeracy results of Year 9 Queensland students are analysed. The paper provides a critique of the Year 9 numeracy test, ways in which students responded to test questions, and how results might inform teaching mathematics. (Contains 5 tables.) JF - Australian Mathematics Teacher AU - Norton, Stephen Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 26 EP - 37 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 65 IS - 4 SN - 0045-0685, 0045-0685 KW - Australia KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Secondary Education KW - Indigenous Populations KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Gender Differences KW - Numeracy KW - Mathematics Achievement KW - Secondary School Students KW - Test Items KW - National Competency Tests KW - Suburban Schools KW - Response Style (Tests) KW - Foreign Countries KW - Mathematics Tests KW - Test Format UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61810220?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 7196; 6940 107 10789 6447; 6423 10789 6447; 6419 5242; 4109 4335; 8926 909; 10313 9306 5241; 10762; 10764; 6411 96; 4290; 5046 8016 4542; 9419 10278 8016 4542 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Graphical Solution of Polynomial Equations AN - 61810201; EJ867339 AB - Graphing utilities, such as the ubiquitous graphing calculator, are often used in finding the approximate real roots of polynomial equations. In this paper the author offers a simple graphing technique that allows one to find all solutions of a polynomial equation (1) of arbitrary degree; (2) with real or complex coefficients; and (3) possessing both real and complex roots. The technique uses a graphing tool endowed with the ability to graph relations directly, without resorting to the decomposition of these relations into sets of functions. The author explains the technique, illustrating by solving a quadratic equation with complex coefficients and with no real roots. Finally, the author illustrates the technique by solving a variety of higher-degree polynomial equations, with real and complex coefficients, and with real and complex roots. (Contains 8 figures.) JF - Australian Senior Mathematics Journal AU - Grishin, Anatole Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 18 EP - 25 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 23 IS - 2 SN - 0819-4564, 0819-4564 KW - Australia KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Higher Education KW - Graphing Calculators KW - Algebra KW - Foreign Countries KW - Mathematical Formulas KW - Equations (Mathematics) KW - Graphs KW - Mathematics Education KW - Mathematical Applications KW - Teaching Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61810201?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 4484 1239 3553; 3551 6400 6403 6394; 4485 11302; 10621 3227 6582; 6400 6403 6394; 402 6410 5964; 6394; 4109 4335; 6417 3150 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using NAPLAN Items to Develop Students' Thinking Skills and Build Confidence AN - 61810183; EJ867335 AB - The focus of this paper is the use of National Assessment Program in Literacy and Numeracy (NAPLAN) items to develop students' competence in reading mathematical text, to promote thinking strategies including estimation, and to evaluate alternative solutions for errors and misconceptions. Showing students test items and discussing strategies for thinking about questions and responses promotes student confidence and resilience, and enables a greater sense of student control over their learning. Teachers best carry out assessment as they talk to and observe their students. For teachers who feel the pressure to prepare their students for the tests, the author is recommending the use of NAPLAN items as discussion starters to promote thinking. (Contains 7 figures and 1 table.) JF - Australian Mathematics Teacher AU - Anderson, Judy Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 17 EP - 23 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 65 IS - 4 SN - 0045-0685, 0045-0685 KW - Australia KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Adult Education KW - Educational Strategies KW - Thinking Skills KW - Mathematics Achievement KW - Critical Thinking KW - Test Items KW - Mathematics Skills KW - Error Correction KW - Foreign Countries KW - Mathematical Logic KW - Misconceptions KW - Competency Based Education KW - Mathematical Concepts UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61810183?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 10764; 2432 1710; 6725; 10852 1701 1 9690; 3264 3227 6582; 6396; 6403; 6411 96; 6421 9690 1; 3571; 4109 4335; 1972 3150 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Probability and Cancer Clusters AN - 61806940; EJ867340 AB - Recently there have been several news items about possible cancer clusters in the Australian media. The term "cancer cluster" is used when an unusually large number of people in one geographic area, often a workplace, are diagnosed with cancer in a short space of time. In this paper the authors explore this important health issue using probability theory and in particular the binomial distribution. This paper also illustrates how students can use the binomial distribution to gain a more thoughtful approach to cancer clusters and demonstrates how mathematics should be applied in practice. JF - Australian Senior Mathematics Journal AU - Hamilton-Keene, Rachael AU - Lenard, Christoper T. AU - Mills, Terry M. Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 26 EP - 29 PB - Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers (AAMT). GPO Box 1729, Adelaide 5001, South Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: office@aamt.edu.au; Web site: http://www.aamt.edu.au VL - 23 IS - 2 SN - 0819-4564, 0819-4564 KW - Australia KW - Binomial Distribution KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Higher Education KW - Secondary Education KW - Geographic Location KW - Probability KW - Statistics KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Secondary School Mathematics KW - Cancer KW - Models KW - Public Health KW - Foreign Countries KW - Theories KW - College Mathematics KW - Teaching Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61806940?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 1257 2923 2877; 10102 6410 5964; 8222 6410 5964; 4109 4335; 6419 5242; 4333; 8449 4634; 9417 9414 2515 6416; 1786 6416 2515 1765; 10621 3227 6582; 6752 9651 6582; 10830 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Indigenous People in a Landscape of Risk: Teaching Social Work Students About Socially Just Social Work Responses AN - 61424187; 200907146 AB - The need for social justice in social work practice is particularly apparent in work with indigenous populations. In spite of the social work profession's commitment to social justice, social workers have often done significant harm in their work with indigenous peoples. Social work educators are ideally positioned to close this gap between social work values and practice by teaching how principles of social justice can be applied with indigenous peoples. This article provides social work educators with background knowledge and specific tools for teaching about indigenous populations from a social justice perspective. Adapted from the source document. JF - Journal of Ethnic & Cultural Diversity in Social Work AU - Weaver, Hilary AU - Congress, Elaine AD - University of Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, United States Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - January 2009 SP - 166 EP - 179 PB - Taylor & Francis, Philadelphia PA VL - 18 IS - 1-2 SN - 1531-3204, 1531-3204 KW - Indigenous Populations KW - Social Work Education KW - Social Workers KW - Social Values KW - Social Justice KW - Social Work KW - Cultural Sensitivity KW - article KW - 6120: social work practice UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61424187?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocialservices&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Ethnic+%26+Cultural+Diversity+in+Social+Work&rft.atitle=Indigenous+People+in+a+Landscape+of+Risk%3A+Teaching+Social+Work+Students+About+Socially+Just+Social+Work+Responses&rft.au=Weaver%2C+Hilary%3BCongress%2C+Elaine&rft.aulast=Weaver&rft.aufirst=Hilary&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=166&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Ethnic+%26+Cultural+Diversity+in+Social+Work&rft.issn=15313204&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F15313200902905435 LA - English DB - Social Services Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-21 N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Indigenous Populations; Social Justice; Social Work; Social Workers; Social Values; Cultural Sensitivity; Social Work Education DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15313200902905435 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - US Africa Command: A More "Active" American Approach to Addressing African Security Challenges? AN - 59877562; 200913122 AB - In February 2007, the US announced its intention to create a new unified combatant command in Africa (AFRICOM), to promote us security objectives in the region. The premise behind AFRICOM's establishment, is that stable & secure states would be more capable of deterring terrorism, proliferation & crime. But African perceptions of the new command have been mixed. Adapted from the source document. JF - Internationale Politik und Gesellschaft AU - Ploch, Lauren AD - U.S. Congressional Research Service, Washington, DC lploch@crs.loc.gov Y1 - 2009///0, PY - 2009 DA - 0, 2009 SP - 59 EP - 73 PB - Verlag J.H.W. Dietz Nachfolger, Bonn Germany IS - 1 SN - 0945-2419, 0945-2419 KW - Crime KW - Terrorism KW - Africa KW - United States of America KW - Deterrence KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59877562?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Internationale+Politik+und+Gesellschaft&rft.atitle=US+Africa+Command%3A+A+More+%22Active%22+American+Approach+to+Addressing+African+Security+Challenges%3F&rft.au=Ploch%2C+Lauren&rft.aulast=Ploch&rft.aufirst=Lauren&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=59&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Internationale+Politik+und+Gesellschaft&rft.issn=09452419&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-04 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - IPGEE3 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - United States of America; Africa; Terrorism; Crime; Deterrence ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Set of Transfer-Related Services AN - 57749699; 200904644 AB - As the Library of Congress (LC) expands its digital initiatives, one of the most pressing challenges is scaling digital content "transfer processes." Transfer processes are increasing in quantity, size, and diversity of transfer scenarios. Transfer processes comprise the human- and machine-performed tasks that involve: acquiring digital content, whether from within LC or from an external party; conducting quality review of digital content; moving digital content between storage systems, including archival storage systems; inventorying the digital content; manipulating the digital content, such as creating derivatives; ingesting the digital content into digital library applications or repositories; and completing other related tasks. Transfer processes are also inextricably linked with digital preservation, as many of the tasks performed during transfer are involved with preservation or must be performed properly in order to mitigate preservation risks. The Office of Strategic Initiative's (OSI) Repository Development Team (RDT) is developing a portfolio of services and components to address the challenges posed by scaling transfer processes. While the portfolio is expanding, the focus of this article will be on two core services, the Inventory Service and the Workflow Service. Before proceeding to examine these services, it will be useful to further delineate the transfer problem space. After examining these services, their role in mitigating preservation risks will be considered. Adapted from the source document. JF - D-Lib Magazine AU - Littman, Justin AD - Office of Strategic Initiatives, Library of Congress jlit@loc.gov Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - January 2009 PB - Corporation for National Research Initiatives, Reston, VA VL - 15 IS - 1-2 SN - 1082-9873, 1082-9873 KW - Library of Congress KW - Preservation KW - Digitization KW - article KW - 9.15: TECHNICAL SERVICES - PRESERVATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57749699?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Alisa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=D-Lib+Magazine&rft.atitle=A+Set+of+Transfer-Related+Services&rft.au=Littman%2C+Justin&rft.aulast=Littman&rft.aufirst=Justin&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=D-Lib+Magazine&rft.issn=10829873&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.dlib.org LA - English DB - Library & Information Science Abstracts (LISA) N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - CODEN - DLMAF7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Digitization; Preservation; Library of Congress ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Search Web Services -- The OASIS SWS Technical Committee Work: The Abstract Protocol Definition, OpenSearch Binding, and SRU/CQL 2.0 AN - 57740230; 200904824 AB - The OASIS Search Web Services Technical Committee is developing search and retrieval web services, integrating various approaches under a unifying model, an Abstract Protocol Definition. SRU/CQL and OpenSearch are the two approaches featured by the current work, and we hope that additional protocols will be similarly integrated into this model. The model provides for the development of bindings. Three bindings will be developed by the Committee: SRU 1.2, OpenSearch, and SRU 2.0. These three are so-called "static" bindings; they are human-readable documents. The first two are simply renderings of the respective existing specifications. The SRU 2.0 binding however is a major new version of SRU, and there will also be a new version of the companion query language, CQL 2.0. The model also defines the concept of a "dynamic" binding, a machine-readable description file that a server provides for retrieval by a client that may then dynamically configure itself to access that server. The premise of the dynamic binding concept is that any server -- even one that pre-dated the concept -- need only provide a self-description in order to be accessible. A client will be able to access the server simply by reading and interpreting the description and, based on that description, formulating a request (including a query) and interpreting the response. Of course, the premise behind this concept is a standard description language, and that will also be part of the OASIS work. Adapted from the source document. JF - D-Lib Magazine AU - Denenberg, Ray AD - Library of Congress rden@loc.gov Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - January 2009 PB - Corporation for National Research Initiatives, Reston, VA VL - 15 IS - 1-2 SN - 1082-9873, 1082-9873 KW - Searching KW - Internet KW - article KW - 13.14: INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL - SEARCHING UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57740230?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Alisa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=D-Lib+Magazine&rft.atitle=Search+Web+Services+--+The+OASIS+SWS+Technical+Committee+Work%3A+The+Abstract+Protocol+Definition%2C+OpenSearch+Binding%2C+and+SRU%2FCQL+2.0&rft.au=Denenberg%2C+Ray&rft.aulast=Denenberg&rft.aufirst=Ray&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=D-Lib+Magazine&rft.issn=10829873&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.dlib.org LA - English DB - Library & Information Science Abstracts (LISA) N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - CODEN - DLMAF7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Searching; Internet ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Practical Geek-Keeping, or, How to Hire -- And Keep -- Good Technical Staff AN - 57728862; 200903585 AB - Recently, I was giving a talk about free software and open source in libraries at a state library consortium meeting. The attendees of the meeting included many library administrators. One of the questions I received after the talk stumped me. Although I came up with one good answer I'm still confident about and share below, it's taken me weeks to come up with more helpful answers to this question, for which many answers are possible. The question is, "How do you hire and manage technical staff whose work you don't understand?". Adapted from the source document. JF - Computers in Libraries AU - Chudnov, Daniel AD - Office of Strategic Initiatives at the Library of Congress daniel.chudnov@gmail.com Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - January 2009 SP - 25 EP - 26 PB - Information Today Inc VL - 29 IS - 1 SN - 1041-7915, 1041-7915 KW - Library technicians KW - Recruitment KW - Staff management KW - article KW - 6.14: OTHER MANAGEMENT PROCEDURES AND OPERATIONS UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57728862?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Alisa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computers+in+Libraries&rft.atitle=Practical+Geek-Keeping%2C+or%2C+How+to+Hire+--+And+Keep+--+Good+Technical+Staff&rft.au=Chudnov%2C+Daniel&rft.aulast=Chudnov&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computers+in+Libraries&rft.issn=10417915&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Library & Information Science Abstracts (LISA) N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-08 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Recruitment; Staff management; Library technicians ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Eigenfactor AN - 57696304; 200904561 AB - This article examines Eigenfactor, a Web-based tool that librarians and others can use to ascertain the quality of research journals. Developed by Carl Bergstrom, a University of Washington biology professor, the Eigenfactor.org Web site offers several components that users can employ to measure the significance of research publications: the Eigenfactor score, Article Influence score, and the Eigenfactor subject category list. These components are briefly explained along with the ability to discover the monetary value of research publications. Adapted from the source document. JF - Collection Management AU - Crisp, Michael G AD - Mawson Lakes Campus, University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, South Australia 5095 michael.crisp@unisa.edu.au Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - January 2009 SP - 53 EP - 56 PB - Taylor & Francis, Philadelphia PA VL - 34 IS - 1 SN - 0146-2679, 0146-2679 KW - Eigenfactor, impact factor, research journals, journal quality KW - Scholarly publishing KW - Impact factors KW - article KW - 5.24: BIBLIOMETRICS, SCIENTOMETRICS, INFORMETRICS UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57696304?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Alisa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Collection+Management&rft.atitle=Eigenfactor&rft.au=Crisp%2C+Michael+G&rft.aulast=Crisp&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=53&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Collection+Management&rft.issn=01462679&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Library & Information Science Abstracts (LISA) N1 - Date revised - 2015-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - CODEN - COMADF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Impact factors; Scholarly publishing ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Racially Mixed People, DDC Table 5 Ethnic and National Groups, and MARC 21 Bibliographic Format Field 083 AN - 57683945; 200913514 AB - This article explores ways that notation in Table 5 Ethnic and National Groups of the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) system can be used to extend subject access to works about racially mixed people beyond that provided by the rules for constructing standard DDC numbers. The proposed approach makes use of the new 083 field (Additional Dewey Decimal Classification Number) in the MARC Bibliographic Format and techniques developed for DeweyBrowser beta v2.0 by OCLC Research, especially tag clouds. Adapted from the source document. JF - Cataloging & Classification Quarterly AU - Beall, Julianne AD - Dewey Decimal Classification, Dewey Section, Library of Congress, 101 Independence Ave., SE., Washington, DC 20540 jbea@loc.gov Y1 - 2009///0, PY - 2009 DA - 0, 2009 SP - 657 EP - 670 PB - Taylor & Francis, Philadelphia PA VL - 47 IS - 7 SN - 0163-9374, 0163-9374 KW - DDC, Dewey Decimal Classification, DeweyBrowser, MARC, racially mixed people, self-identity principle, tag clouds KW - Dewey Decimal Classification KW - Ethnic groups KW - MARC KW - article KW - 12.27: CLASSIFICATION SCHEMES UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57683945?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Alisa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cataloging+%26+Classification+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Racially+Mixed+People%2C+DDC+Table+5+Ethnic+and+National+Groups%2C+and+MARC+21+Bibliographic+Format+Field+083&rft.au=Beall%2C+Julianne&rft.aulast=Beall&rft.aufirst=Julianne&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=657&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cataloging+%26+Classification+Quarterly&rft.issn=01639374&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Library & Information Science Abstracts (LISA) N1 - Date revised - 2009-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - CODEN - CCQUDB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Dewey Decimal Classification; MARC; Ethnic groups ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improving coordination of care for Aboriginal people with mental health, alcohol and drug use problems: progress report on an ongoing collaborative action research project AN - 57335053; 201004782 AB - This paper outlines the background and progress to date of a project to improve the coordination of care for Aboriginal people with mental health and/or alcohol and other drug problems living in the Eyre Peninsula region of South Australia. The project responds to recommendations from previous research by this team in this area, and has been running since 2004. Working with a wide range of health and human service providers, we explored issues that improve or hinder coordination of care and identified useful strategies. Some of these have already been implemented through the project: e.g. interagency cross-disciplinary training in response to shared needs, and lobbying for after-hours telephone help. Other strategies are still in progress: e.g. implementing a uniform triage and referral system and improving information sharing within Port Lincoln Aboriginal Health Service. The paper reflects on our experience of conducting Aboriginal health service research using a participatory action oriented approach, and discusses the challenges in providing effective and well coordinated rural and remote mental health/alcohol and other drug care in the context of complex health and social needs of Aboriginal people. Adapted from the source document. JF - Australian Journal of Primary Health - Interchange AU - Kowanko, Inge AU - de Crespigny, Charlotte AU - Murray, Helen AU - Ah Kit, Jackie AU - Prideaux, Colleen AU - Miller, Harry AU - Mills, David AU - Emden, Carolyn AD - Flinders Aboriginal Health Research Unit, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia E-mail: inge.kowanko@flinders.edu.au Y1 - 2009///0, PY - 2009 DA - 0, 2009 SP - 341 EP - 347 PB - CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood Australia VL - 15 IS - 4 SN - 1448-7527, 1448-7527 KW - coordinated care, Indigenous, social and emotional wellbeing KW - Aborigines KW - Lobbying KW - Coordination KW - Mental health KW - Health KW - Health services KW - article UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57335053?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aassia&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+Journal+of+Primary+Health+-+Interchange&rft.atitle=Improving+coordination+of+care+for+Aboriginal+people+with+mental+health%2C+alcohol+and+drug+use+problems%3A+progress+report+on+an+ongoing+collaborative+action+research+project&rft.au=Kowanko%2C+Inge%3Bde+Crespigny%2C+Charlotte%3BMurray%2C+Helen%3BAh+Kit%2C+Jackie%3BPrideaux%2C+Colleen%3BMiller%2C+Harry%3BMills%2C+David%3BEmden%2C+Carolyn&rft.aulast=Kowanko&rft.aufirst=Inge&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=341&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australian+Journal+of+Primary+Health+-+Interchange&rft.issn=14487527&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA) N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-05 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aborigines; Coordination; Mental health; Health; Health services; Lobbying ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Do Older People Perceive Cancer Prevention and Early Detection to be Worthwhile? Implications for Prevention AN - 57293150; 200923257 AB - Despite evidence that suggests modifying risk factors at any age can reduce the risk of cancer, many older people fail to take relevant preventive actions. The objectives of the project were to assess whether older people perceived taking actions to prevent cancers as worthwhile after the age of 60 years. Fifty men (19) and women (31) 60 years and older (mean age 68 years) participated in seven focus groups to assess their perceptions of preventive health actions and barriers and motivators in relation to cancer prevention. Most participants reported not adhering to preventive actions for cancer. Many did not perceive the benefits if the actions are initiated after the age of 60 years, and some risk factors were not perceived to be related to cancer. There was strong agreement that screening for cancer was worthwhile after the age of 60 years. It appears that awareness programs specifically tailored to seniors may be desirable to promote cancer prevention within a context of chronic disease prevention in general. Adapted from the source document. JF - Australian Journal of Primary Health - Interchange AU - Ngune, Irene AU - Howat, Peter AU - Maycock, Bruce AU - Slevin, Terry AD - Centre for Behavioural Research in Cancer Control, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia Y1 - 2009///0, PY - 2009 DA - 0, 2009 SP - 139 EP - 145 PB - CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood Australia VL - 15 IS - 2 SN - 1448-7527, 1448-7527 KW - cancer risk factors, health promotion, seniors KW - Elderly people KW - Prevention KW - Risk factors KW - Older people KW - Preventive health care KW - Cancer KW - article UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57293150?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aassia&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+Journal+of+Primary+Health+-+Interchange&rft.atitle=Do+Older+People+Perceive+Cancer+Prevention+and+Early+Detection+to+be+Worthwhile%3F+Implications+for+Prevention&rft.au=Ngune%2C+Irene%3BHowat%2C+Peter%3BMaycock%2C+Bruce%3BSlevin%2C+Terry&rft.aulast=Ngune&rft.aufirst=Irene&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=139&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australian+Journal+of+Primary+Health+-+Interchange&rft.issn=14487527&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA) N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-31 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cancer; Prevention; Older people; Risk factors; Elderly people; Preventive health care ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Active fault and landslide guidelines for planners AN - 50055645; 2010-032102 AB - GNS Science has produced two guidelines for policy and consent planners on managing development on and around active faults and landslides. Both guidelines primarily aim to assist land use planners (and other interested parties) in determining whether planning documents and development applications at regional and district government levels incorporate appropriate information on fault rupture, landslide and slope instability hazards. They provide suggestions that could be used to assess hazards related to risk at the consent stage, and examples of issues, objectives, policies, rules, and assessment criteria. Basic underpinning scientific and engineering concepts related to active fault and landslides are outlined in the guidelines to assist planners in understanding hazard processes, triggers, and hazard and risk assessment. The active fault and landslide guidelines are both based on four overarching planning principles: 1) gather accurate hazard information; 2) take a risk-based approach in areas likely to be developed or subdivided; 3) if the risk is unacceptable, plan to avoid or mitigate hazards before development and subdivision occurs; and 4) communicate the risk of hazards in built-up areas. A risk-based planning approach incorporating risk analysis, evaluation and management is presented, followed by resource consent tables which can assist planners in categorising consent activity status. Due to the variable nature of the geology and associated risk across New Zealand, the guidelines do not provide prescriptive planning requirements. Rather, they provide the planner with guidance on what should be considered when considering development or planning for fault rupture or landslide hazard. The guidelines will also be of interest to emergency management planners, engineering geologists, engineers, and others who deal with active fault and landslide issues. JF - 21st Eastern Regional Organization for Planning and Human Settlements; world congress and mayors' caucus AU - Saunders, W S A AU - Becker, J S AU - Glassey, P J Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 11 PB - Eastern Regional Organization for Planning and Housing KW - landslides KW - mitigation KW - risk management KW - geologic hazards KW - planning KW - guidelines KW - mass movements KW - active faults KW - slope stability KW - faults KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50055645?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Saunders%2C+W+S+A%3BBecker%2C+J+S%3BGlassey%2C+P+J&rft.aulast=Saunders&rft.aufirst=W+S&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Active+fault+and+landslide+guidelines+for+planners&rft.title=Active+fault+and+landslide+guidelines+for+planners&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 21st Eastern Regional Organization for Planning and Human Settlements; world congress and mayors' caucus N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences Limited (GNS Science), Lower Hutt, New Zealand N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Session 4 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - 21st Eastern Regional Organization for Planning and Human Settlements; world congress and mayors' caucus AN - 50055622; 2010-032100 JF - 21st Eastern Regional Organization for Planning and Human Settlements; world congress and mayors' caucus Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 PB - Eastern Regional Organization for Planning and Housing KW - urban planning KW - symposia KW - sustainable development KW - urbanization KW - land use KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50055622?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2007-11-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=135th+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association+%28APHA+2007%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 21st Eastern Regional Organization for Planning and Human Settlements; world congress and mayors' caucus N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences Limited (GNS Science), Lower Hutt, New Zealand N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers within scope are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Planning for community recovery and restoration before disaster strikes AN - 50055343; 2010-032101 AB - Communities can be severely disrupted by disasters, physically, socially and economically. After disaster strikes, communities face a period of immediate response to the disaster, followed by a phase of recovery. Recovering from the impacts of a disaster is a complex process and involves communication and co-ordination with many different agencies and individuals in order to achieve the holistic and sustainable regeneration of a community. Recovery considerations should encompass all aspects of life including the social, economic, natural and built environments. Because the recovery process is complex, issues around recovery should be considered before a disaster actually occurs. By considering the issues that may arise before an event actually happens, recovery can be better targeted, more efficient and more effective in the long-term. Tangible recovery planning can then be completed which makes provisions for the issues considered. To date, there has been only a limited focus on the recovery of land-use from hazard events. Therefore, our research to date has focused on the concept of 'pre-event recovery planing for land-use'. We provide a methodology for how land-use may be 'recovered' or used after a disaster in the New Zealand context. Although aimed primarily at local authority land-use planners who deal with land-use issues on a daily basis, the methodology will also be useful for a range of professionals who may be involved with recovery, including emergency management (e.g. recovery managers); resource, insurance and risk managers; land owners; developers; and the construction industry. JF - 21st Eastern Regional Organization for Planning and Human Settlements; world congress and mayors' caucus AU - Becker, J S AU - Saunders, W S A AU - Hopkins, L AU - Wright, K C Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 10 PB - Eastern Regional Organization for Planning and Housing KW - mitigation KW - communities KW - geologic hazards KW - planning KW - emergency preparedness KW - emergency management KW - disaster recovery KW - land use KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50055343?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Becker%2C+J+S%3BSaunders%2C+W+S+A%3BHopkins%2C+L%3BWright%2C+K+C&rft.aulast=Becker&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Planning+for+community+recovery+and+restoration+before+disaster+strikes&rft.title=Planning+for+community+recovery+and+restoration+before+disaster+strikes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 21st Eastern Regional Organization for Planning and Human Settlements; world congress and mayors' caucus N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences Limited (GNS Science), Lower Hutt, New Zealand N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Session 5 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - US Africa Command: a more 'active' American approach towards addressing African security challenges? AN - 37203039; 3899754 JF - Internationale Politik und Gesellschaft AU - Ploch, Lauren AD - US Congressional Research Service Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 59 EP - 73 VL - 1 SN - 0945-2419, 0945-2419 KW - Political Science KW - Strategic planning KW - Foreign policy KW - International trade KW - Terrorism KW - Africa KW - Policy analysis KW - Defence policy KW - U.S.A. KW - Armed conflict KW - National security UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/37203039?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Internationale+Politik+und+Gesellschaft&rft.atitle=US+Africa+Command%3A+a+more+%27active%27+American+approach+towards+addressing+African+security+challenges%3F&rft.au=Ploch%2C+Lauren&rft.aulast=Ploch&rft.aufirst=Lauren&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=59&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Internationale+Politik+und+Gesellschaft&rft.issn=09452419&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 5200 5574 10472; 12305 9560; 8528; 3349 5574 10472; 9617 971; 1259 2698; 12686 13325; 6802 12812 6725 4025; 433 293 14; 2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome: A Reappraisal AN - 21435088; 12488441 AB - Individuals with human immunodeficiency virus infection who commence antiretroviral therapy when they are very immunodeficient are susceptible to immune reconstitution disorders. The most common disorders are the various forms of immune restoration disease (IRD) that appear to result from the restoration of a dysregulated immune response against pathogen-specific antigens. Essentially, any pathogen that can cause an opportunistic infection as a result of cellular immunodeficiency can provoke IRD when pathogen-specific immune responses recover during antiretroviral therapy. In resource-poor countries, Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Cryptococcus neoformans are the most significant pathogens, because the former causes substantial morbidity and the latter causes substantial mortality. IRD associated with these pathogens is characterized by severe inflammatory responses and is often referred to as immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. Prevention and treatment strategies for IRD are being developed, but preliminary data have demonstrated the efficacy of corticosteroid therapy in severe cases. Immune reconstitution after antiretroviral therapy may also be associated with autoimmune disease or sarcoidosis, both of which appear to have an immunopathogenesis that is different from that of IRD. JF - Clinical Infectious Diseases AU - French, MA AD - Dept. of Clinical Immunology, Royal Perth Hospital, GPO Box X2213, Perth, WA 6847, Australia, martyn.french@health.wa.gov.au Y1 - 2009/01/01/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Jan 01 SP - 101 EP - 107 VL - 48 IS - 1 SN - 1058-4838, 1058-4838 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Immunology Abstracts; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - Autoimmune diseases KW - Corticoids KW - Data processing KW - Immune reconstitution KW - Immune response KW - Immunodeficiency KW - Immunopathogenesis KW - Inflammation KW - Morbidity KW - Mortality KW - Opportunist infection KW - Pathogens KW - Sarcoidosis KW - antiretroviral therapy KW - Cryptococcus neoformans KW - Human immunodeficiency virus KW - Mycobacterium tuberculosis KW - V 22360:AIDS and HIV KW - J 02350:Immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21435088?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clinical+Infectious+Diseases&rft.atitle=Immune+Reconstitution+Inflammatory+Syndrome%3A+A+Reappraisal&rft.au=French%2C+MA&rft.aulast=French&rft.aufirst=MA&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=101&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clinical+Infectious+Diseases&rft.issn=10584838&rft_id=info:doi/10.1086%2F595006 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mortality; Data processing; antiretroviral therapy; Autoimmune diseases; Immunodeficiency; Immunopathogenesis; Sarcoidosis; Pathogens; Morbidity; Inflammation; Opportunist infection; Immune reconstitution; Corticoids; Immune response; Cryptococcus neoformans; Human immunodeficiency virus; Mycobacterium tuberculosis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/595006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - One-Month Diesel Exhaust Inhalation Produces Hypertensive Gene Expression Pattern in Healthy Rats AN - 21399450; 12129473 AB - BACKGROUND: Exposure to diesel exhaust (DE) is linked to vasoconstriction, endothelial dysfunction, and myocardial ischemia in compromised individuals. OBJECTIVE: We hypothesized that DE inhalation would cause greater inflammation, hematologic alterations, and cardiac molecular impairment in spontaneously hypertensive (SH) rats than in healthy Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats. METHODS AND RESULTS: Male rats (12-14 weeks of age) were exposed to air or DE from a 30-kW Deutz engine at 500 or 2,000 microg/m3, 4 hr/day, 5 days/week for 4 weeks. Neutrophilic influx was noted in the lung lavage fluid of both strains, but injury markers were minimally changed. Particle-laden macrophages were apparent histologically in DE-exposed rats. Lower baseline cardiac anti-oxidant enzyme activities were present in SH than in WKY rats; however, no DE effects were noted. Cardiac mitochondrial aconitase activity decreased after DE exposure in both strains. Electron microscopy indicated abnormalities in cardiac mitochondria of control SH but no DE effects. Gene expression profiling demonstrated alterations in 377 genes by DE in WKY but none in SH rats. The direction of DE-induced changes in WKY mimicked expression pattern of control SH rats without DE. Most genes affected by DE were down-regulated in WKY. The same genes were down-regulated in SH without DE producing a hypertensive-like expression pattern. The down-regulated genes included those that regulate compensatory response, matrix metabolism, mitochondrial function, and oxidative stress response. No up-regulation of inflammatory genes was noted. CONCLUSIONS: We provide the evidence that DE inhalation produces a hypertensive-like cardiac gene expression pattern associated with mitochondrial oxidative stress in healthy rats. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Gottipolu, Reddy R AU - Wallenborn, J Grace AU - Karoly, Edward D AU - Schladweiler, Mette C AU - Ledbetter, Allen D AU - Krantz, Todd AU - Linak, William P AU - Nyska, Abraham AU - Johnson, Jo Anne AU - Thomas, Ronald AU - Richards, Judy E AU - Jaskot, Richard H AU - Kodavanti, Urmila P Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 38 EP - 46 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 117 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Rats KW - Inhalation KW - Microscopy KW - enzymatic activity KW - Particulates KW - Diesel engines KW - Japan, Honshu, Kyoto Prefect., Kyoto KW - oxidative stress KW - Metabolism KW - Exhaust emissions KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21399450?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=One-Month+Diesel+Exhaust+Inhalation+Produces+Hypertensive+Gene+Expression+Pattern+in+Healthy+Rats&rft.au=Gottipolu%2C+Reddy+R%3BWallenborn%2C+J+Grace%3BKaroly%2C+Edward+D%3BSchladweiler%2C+Mette+C%3BLedbetter%2C+Allen+D%3BKrantz%2C+Todd%3BLinak%2C+William+P%3BNyska%2C+Abraham%3BJohnson%2C+Jo+Anne%3BThomas%2C+Ronald%3BRichards%2C+Judy+E%3BJaskot%2C+Richard+H%3BKodavanti%2C+Urmila+P&rft.aulast=Gottipolu&rft.aufirst=Reddy&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=38&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Inhalation; Rats; Microscopy; enzymatic activity; Particulates; Diesel engines; Metabolism; oxidative stress; Exhaust emissions; Japan, Honshu, Kyoto Prefect., Kyoto ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Deducing in Vivo Toxicity of Combustion-Derived Nanoparticles from a Cell-Free Oxidative Potency Assay and Metabolic Activation of Organic Compounds AN - 21388507; 12129471 AB - BACKGROUND: The inhalation of combustion-derived nanoparticles (CDNPs) is believed to cause an oxidative stress response, which in turn may lead to pulmonary or even systemic inflammation. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS: In this study we assessed whether the in vivo inflammatory response--which is generally referred to as particle toxicity-of mice to CDNPs can be predicted in vitro by a cell-free ascorbate test for the surface reactivity or, more precisely, oxidative potency (OxPot) of particles. RESULTS: For six types of CDNPs with widely varying particle diameter (10-50 nm), organic content (OC; 1-20%), and specific Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET) surface area (43-800 m2/g), OxPot correlated strongly with the in vivo inflammatory response (pulmonary polymorphonuclear neutrophil influx 24 hr after intratracheal particle instillation). However, for CDNPs with high organic content, OxPot could not explain the observed inflammatory response, possibly due to shielding of the OxPot of the carbon core of CDNPs by an organic coating. On the other hand, a pathway-specific gene expression screen indicated that, for particles rich in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs), cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) enzyme-mediated biotransformation of bio-available organics may generate oxidative stress and thus enhance the in vivo inflammatory response. CONCLUSION: The compensatory nature of both effects (shielding of carbon core and biotransformation of PAHs) results in a good correlation between inflammatory response and BET surface area for all CDNPs. Hence, the in vivo inflammatory response can either be predicted by BET surface area or by a simple quantitative model, based on in vitro OxPot and Cyp1a1 induction. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Stoeger, Tobias AU - Takenaka, Shinji AU - Frankenberger, Birgit AU - Ritter, Baerbel AU - Karg, Erwin AU - Maier, Konrad AU - Schulz, Holger AU - Schmid, Otmar Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 54 EP - 60 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 117 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Inhalation KW - Cytochrome KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Assays KW - Particulates KW - Toxicity KW - oxidative stress KW - surface area KW - Coatings KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21388507?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Deducing+in+Vivo+Toxicity+of+Combustion-Derived+Nanoparticles+from+a+Cell-Free+Oxidative+Potency+Assay+and+Metabolic+Activation+of+Organic+Compounds&rft.au=Stoeger%2C+Tobias%3BTakenaka%2C+Shinji%3BFrankenberger%2C+Birgit%3BRitter%2C+Baerbel%3BKarg%2C+Erwin%3BMaier%2C+Konrad%3BSchulz%2C+Holger%3BSchmid%2C+Otmar&rft.aulast=Stoeger&rft.aufirst=Tobias&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=54&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Inhalation; Cytochrome; Assays; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Toxicity; Particulates; oxidative stress; Coatings; surface area ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydroxylated Metabolites of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Human Blood Samples from the United States AN - 21388468; 12129465 AB - BACKGROUND: A previous study from our laboratory showed that polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were metabolized to hydroxylated PBDEs (HO-PBDEs) in mice and that para-HO-PBDEs were the most abundant and, potentially, the most toxic metabolites. OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to determine the concentrations of HO-PBDEs in blood from pregnant women, who had not been intentionally or occupationally exposed to these flame retardants, and from their newborn babies. METHODS: Twenty human blood samples were obtained from a hospital in Indianapolis, Indiana, and analyzed for both PBDEs and HO-PBDEs using electron-capture negative-ionization gas chromatographic mass spectrometry. RESULTS: The metabolite pattern of HO-PBDEs in human blood was quite different from that found in mice; 5-HO-BDE-47 and 6-HO-BDE-47 were the most abundant metabolites of BDE-47, and 5'-HO-BDE-99 and 6'-HO-BDE-99 were the most abundant metabolites of BDE-99. The relative concentrations between precursor and corresponding metabolites indicated that BDE-99 was more likely to be metabolized than BDE-47 and BDE-100. In addition, three bromophenols were also detected as products of the cleavage of the diphenyl ether bond. The ratio of total hydroxylated metabolites relative to their PBDE precursors ranged from 0.10 to 2.8, indicating that hydroxylated metabolites of PBDEs were accumulated in human blood. CONCLUSIONS: The quite different PBDE metabolite pattern observed in humans versus mice indicates that different enzymes might be involved in the metabolic process. Although the levels of HO-PBDE metabolites found in human blood were low, these metabolites seemed to be accumulating. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Qiu, Xinghua AU - Bigsby, Robert M AU - Hites, Ronald A Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 93 EP - 98 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 117 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - USA, Indiana KW - Polybrominated diphenyl ethers KW - USA, Indiana, Indianapolis KW - polybrominated diphenyl ethers KW - Mass spectrometry KW - Metabolites KW - Mice KW - Ethers KW - Fire retardants KW - Occupational exposure KW - Hospitals KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21388468?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Hydroxylated+Metabolites+of+Polybrominated+Diphenyl+Ethers+in+Human+Blood+Samples+from+the+United+States&rft.au=Qiu%2C+Xinghua%3BBigsby%2C+Robert+M%3BHites%2C+Ronald+A&rft.aulast=Qiu&rft.aufirst=Xinghua&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Polybrominated diphenyl ethers; polybrominated diphenyl ethers; Mass spectrometry; Mice; Metabolites; Fire retardants; Ethers; Occupational exposure; Hospitals; USA, Indiana; USA, Indiana, Indianapolis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phthalates Impair Germ Cell Development in the Human Fetal Testis in Vitro without Change in Testosterone Production AN - 21375708; 12129478 AB - BACKGROUND: Several studies have described an increasing frequency of male reproductive disorders, which may have a common origin in fetal life and which are hypothesized to be caused by endocrine disruptors. Phthalate esters represent a class of environmental endocrine-active chemicals known to disrupt development of the male reproductive tract by decreasing testosterone production in the fetal rat. OBJECTIVES: Using the organ culture system we developed previously, we investigated the effects on the development of human fetal testis of one phthalate--mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP)--an industrial chemical found in many products, which has been incriminated as a disruptor of male reproductive function. METHODS: Human fetal testes were recovered during the first trimester (7-12 weeks) of gestation, a critical period for testicular differentiation, and cultured for 3 days with or without MEHP in basal conditions or stimulated with luteinizing hormone (LH). RESULTS: Whatever the dose, MEHP treatment had no effect on basal or LH-stimulated testosterone produced by the human fetal testis in vitro, although testosterone production can be modulated in our culture system. MEHP (10(-4) M) did not affect proliferation or apoptosis of Sertoli cells, but it reduced the mRNA expression of anti-Muellerian hormone. MEHP (10(-4) M) reduced the number of germ cells by increasing their apoptosis, measured by the detection of caspase-3-positive germ cells, without modification of their proliferation. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first experimental demonstration that phthalates alter the development of the germ cell lineage in humans. However, in contrast to results observed in the rat, phthalates did not affect steroidogenesis. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Lambrot, Romain AU - Muczynski, Vincent AU - Lecureuil, Charlotte AU - Angenard, Gaelle AU - Coffigny, Herve AU - Pairault, Catherine AU - Moison, Delphine AU - Frydman, Rene AU - Habert, Rene AU - Rouiller-Fabre, Virginie Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 32 EP - 37 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 117 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Chemicals KW - phthalates KW - endocrine disruptors KW - Esters KW - Hormones KW - Organs KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21375708?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Phthalates+Impair+Germ+Cell+Development+in+the+Human+Fetal+Testis+in+Vitro+without+Change+in+Testosterone+Production&rft.au=Lambrot%2C+Romain%3BMuczynski%2C+Vincent%3BLecureuil%2C+Charlotte%3BAngenard%2C+Gaelle%3BCoffigny%2C+Herve%3BPairault%2C+Catherine%3BMoison%2C+Delphine%3BFrydman%2C+Rene%3BHabert%2C+Rene%3BRouiller-Fabre%2C+Virginie&rft.aulast=Lambrot&rft.aufirst=Romain&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=32&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chemicals; phthalates; endocrine disruptors; Esters; Organs; Hormones ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Long-Term Effects on Hypothalamic Neuropeptides after Developmental Exposure to Chlorpyrifos in Mice AN - 21372826; 12129461 AB - BACKGROUND: Increasing evidence from animal and human studies indicates that chlorpyrifos (CPF), similar to other organophosphorus insecticides still widely used, is a developmental neurotoxicant. Developmental exposure to CPF in rodents induces sex-dimorphic behavioral changes at adulthood, including social and agonistic responses, which suggests that CPF may interfere with maturation of neuroendocrine mechanisms. OBJECTIVES: We assessed the hypothesis that CPF affects the levels of neurohypophyseal hormones acting as modulators of social behavior in mammals, such as oxytocin (OT), arginine vasopressin (AVP), and prolactin (PRL). METHODS: Pregnant female mice were orally administered with either vehicle (peanut oil) or 3 or 6 mg/kg CPF on gestational day (GD) 15 to GD18, and offspring were treated subcutaneously with either vehicle or 1 or 3 mg/kg CPF on postnatal days (PNDs) 11 to PND14. Dose levels were chosen to avoid systemic toxicity and inhibition of brain acetylcholinesterase. Offspring were sacrificed at 5 months of age, and expression of OT, AVP, and PRL was analyzed in the hypothalamus by Western blot or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analysis. RESULTS: Both male and female mice showed dose-related enhancement of OT expression, with males presenting the more intense effect. AVP expression was significantly reduced in male mice at the higher prenatal and postnatal dose. We observed no significant effect on PRL expression in either sex. Overall, outcomes were mainly attributable to fetal exposure, whereas postnatal doses appeared to potentiate the prenatal effects. CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicate that developmental exposure to CPF may permanently interfere with specific key signaling proteins of the hypothalamic peptidergic system, with time-, dose-, and sex-related effects still evident at adulthood. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Tait, Sabrina AU - Ricceri, Laura AU - Venerosi, Aldina AU - Maranghi, Francesca AU - Mantovani, Alberto AU - Calamandrei, Gemma Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 112 EP - 116 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 117 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Chlorpyrifos KW - Oil KW - Arachis hypogaea KW - prenatal experience KW - Pesticides KW - Neurotoxicity KW - Mice KW - Toxicity KW - Immunoassays KW - offspring KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21372826?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Long-Term+Effects+on+Hypothalamic+Neuropeptides+after+Developmental+Exposure+to+Chlorpyrifos+in+Mice&rft.au=Tait%2C+Sabrina%3BRicceri%2C+Laura%3BVenerosi%2C+Aldina%3BMaranghi%2C+Francesca%3BMantovani%2C+Alberto%3BCalamandrei%2C+Gemma&rft.aulast=Tait&rft.aufirst=Sabrina&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=112&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Oil; Chlorpyrifos; prenatal experience; Neurotoxicity; Pesticides; Mice; Toxicity; Immunoassays; offspring; Arachis hypogaea ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Household Exposure to Paint and Petroleum Solvents, Chromosomal Translocations, and the Risk of Childhood Leukemia AN - 21372785; 12129458 AB - BACKGROUND: Few studies have examined the association between home use of solvents and paint and the risk of childhood leukemia. OBJECTIVES: In this case-control study, we examined whether the use of paint and petroleum solvents at home before birth and in early childhood influenced the risk of leukemia in children. METHODS: We based our analyses on 550 cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), 100 cases of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and one or two controls per case individually matched for sex, age, Hispanic status, and race. We conducted further analyses by cytogenetic subtype. We used conditional logistic regression techniques to adjust for income. RESULTS: ALL risk was significantly associated with paint exposure [odds ratio (OR) = 1.65; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.26-2.15], with a higher risk observed when paint was used postnatally, by a person other than the mother, or frequently. The association was restricted to leukemia with translocations between chromosomes 12 and 21 (OR = 4.16; 95% CI, 1.66-10.4). We found no significant association between solvent use and ALL risk overall (OR = 1.15; 95% CI, 0.87-1.51) or for various cytogenetic subtypes, but we observed a significant association in the 2.0- to 5.9-year age group (OR = 1.55; 95% CI, 1.07-2.25). In contrast, a significant increased risk for AML was associated with solvent (OR = 2.54; 95% CI, 1.19-5.42) but not with paint exposure (OR = 0.64; 95% CI, 0.32-1.25). CONCLUSIONS: The association of ALL risk with paint exposure was strong, consistent with a causal relationship, but further studies are needed to confirm the association of ALL and AML risk with solvent exposure. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Scelo, Ghislaine AU - Metayer, Catherine AU - Zhang, Luoping AU - Wiemels, Joseph L AU - Aldrich, Melinda C AU - Selvin, Steve AU - Month, Stacy AU - Smith, Martyn T AU - Buffler, Patricia A Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 133 EP - 139 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 117 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Leukemia KW - Age KW - Chromosomes KW - Petroleum KW - income KW - Solvents KW - translocation KW - Ethnic groups KW - Paints KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21372785?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Household+Exposure+to+Paint+and+Petroleum+Solvents%2C+Chromosomal+Translocations%2C+and+the+Risk+of+Childhood+Leukemia&rft.au=Scelo%2C+Ghislaine%3BMetayer%2C+Catherine%3BZhang%2C+Luoping%3BWiemels%2C+Joseph+L%3BAldrich%2C+Melinda+C%3BSelvin%2C+Steve%3BMonth%2C+Stacy%3BSmith%2C+Martyn+T%3BBuffler%2C+Patricia+A&rft.aulast=Scelo&rft.aufirst=Ghislaine&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=133&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Leukemia; Chromosomes; Age; income; Petroleum; Solvents; translocation; Ethnic groups; Paints ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Iron Metabolism Genes, Low-Level Lead Exposure, and QT Interval AN - 21361385; 12129467 AB - BACKGROUND: Cumulative exposure to lead has been shown to be associated with depression of electrocardiographic conduction, such as QT interval (time from start of the Q wave to end of the T wave). Because iron can enhance the oxidative effects of lead, we examined whether polymorphisms in iron metabolism genes [hemochromatosis (HFE), transferrin (TF) C2, and heme oxygenase-1 (HMOX-1)] increase susceptibility to the effects of lead on QT interval in 613 community-dwelling older men. METHODS: We used standard 12-lead electrocardiograms, K-shell X-ray fluorescence, and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry to measure QT interval, bone lead, and blood lead levels, respectively. RESULTS: A one-interquartile-range increase in tibia lead level (13 mug/g) was associated with a 11.35-msec [95% confidence interval (CI), 4.05-18.65 msec] and a 6.81-msec (95% CI, 1.67-11.95 msec) increase in the heart-rate-corrected QT interval among persons carrying long HMOX-1 alleles and at least one copy of an HFE variant, respectively, but had no effect in persons with short and middle HMOX-1 alleles and the wild-type HFE genotype. The lengthening of the heart-rate-corrected QT interval with higher tibia lead and blood lead became more pronounced as the total number (0 vs. 1 vs. /=2) of gene variants increased (tibia, p-trend = 0.01; blood, p-trend = 0.04). This synergy seems to be driven by a joint effect between HFE variant and HMOX-1 L alleles. CONCLUSION: We found evidence that gene variants related to iron metabolism increase the impacts of low-level lead exposure on the prolonged QT interval. This is the first such report, so these results should be interpreted cautiously and need to be independently verified. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Park, Sung Kyun AU - Hu, Howard AU - Wright, Robert O AU - Schwartz, Joel AU - Cheng, Yawen AU - Sparrow, David AU - Vokonas, Pantel S AU - Weisskopf, Marc G Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 80 EP - 85 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 117 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Bone KW - Fluorescence KW - Absorption KW - Genotypes KW - Iron KW - Lead KW - Metabolism KW - Blood levels KW - Spectrometry KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21361385?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Iron+Metabolism+Genes%2C+Low-Level+Lead+Exposure%2C+and+QT+Interval&rft.au=Park%2C+Sung+Kyun%3BHu%2C+Howard%3BWright%2C+Robert+O%3BSchwartz%2C+Joel%3BCheng%2C+Yawen%3BSparrow%2C+David%3BVokonas%2C+Pantel+S%3BWeisskopf%2C+Marc+G&rft.aulast=Park&rft.aufirst=Sung&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=80&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bone; Fluorescence; Absorption; Genotypes; Iron; Metabolism; Lead; Spectrometry; Blood levels ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of Calcium Supplementation on Blood Lead Levels in Pregnancy: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial AN - 21356436; 12129475 AB - BACKGROUND: Prenatal lead exposure is associated with deficits in fetal growth and neurodevelopment. Calcium supplementation may attenuate fetal exposure by inhibiting mobilization of maternal bone lead and/or intestinal absorption of ingested lead. OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to evaluate the effect of 1,200 mg dietary calcium supplementation on maternal blood lead levels during pregnancy. METHODS: In a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial conducted from 2001 through 2003 in Mexico City, we randomly assigned 670 women in their first trimester of pregnancy to ingest calcium (n = 334) or placebo (n = 336). We followed subjects through pregnancy and evaluated the effect of supplementation on maternal blood lead, using an intent-to-treat analysis by a mixed-effects regression model with random intercept, in 557 participants (83%) who completed follow-up. We then conducted as-treated analyses using similar models stratified by treatment compliance. RESULTS: Adjusting for baseline lead level, age, trimester of pregnancy, and dietary energy and calcium intake, calcium was associated with an average 11% reduction (0.4 microg/dL) in blood lead level relative to placebo (p = 0.004). This reduction was more evident in the second trimester (-14%, p 0.001) than in the third (-8%, p = 0.107) and was strongest in women who were most compliant (those who consumed or = 75% calcium pills; -24%, p 0.001), had baseline blood lead 5 microg/dL (-17%, p 0.01), or reported use of lead-glazed ceramics and high bone lead (-31%, p 0.01). CONCLUSION: Calcium supplementation was associated with modest reductions in blood lead when administered during pregnancy and may constitute an important secondary prevention effort to reduce circulating maternal lead and, consequently, fetal exposure. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Ettinger, Adrienne S AU - Lamadrid-Figueroa, Hector AU - Tellez-Rojo, Martha M AU - Mercado-Garcia, Adriana AU - Peterson, Karen E AU - Schwartz, Joel AU - Hu, Howard AU - Hernandez-Avila, Mauricio Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 26 EP - 31 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 117 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Bone KW - Diets KW - Ceramics KW - Calcium KW - Absorption KW - Mexico, Distrito Federal, Mexico City KW - clinical trials KW - Lead KW - Blood levels KW - Pregnancy KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21356436?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Effect+of+Calcium+Supplementation+on+Blood+Lead+Levels+in+Pregnancy%3A+A+Randomized+Placebo-Controlled+Trial&rft.au=Ettinger%2C+Adrienne+S%3BLamadrid-Figueroa%2C+Hector%3BTellez-Rojo%2C+Martha+M%3BMercado-Garcia%2C+Adriana%3BPeterson%2C+Karen+E%3BSchwartz%2C+Joel%3BHu%2C+Howard%3BHernandez-Avila%2C+Mauricio&rft.aulast=Ettinger&rft.aufirst=Adrienne&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=26&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ceramics; Diets; Bone; Calcium; Absorption; clinical trials; Lead; Pregnancy; Blood levels; Mexico, Distrito Federal, Mexico City ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Traffic-Related Air Pollution and Perinatal Mortality: A Case-Control Study AN - 21349672; 12129460 AB - BACKGROUND: Ambient levels of air pollution may affect the health of children, as indicated by studies of infant and perinatal mortality. Scientific evidence has also correlated low birth weight and preterm birth, which are important determinants of perinatal death, with air pollution. However, most of these studies used ambient concentrations measured at monitoring sites, which may not consider differential exposure to pollutants found at elevated concentrations near heavy-traffic roadways. OBJECTIVES: Our goal was to examine the association between traffic-related pollution and perinatal mortality. METHODS: We used the information collected for a case-control study conducted in 14 districts in the City of Sao Paulo, Brazil, regarding risk factors for perinatal deaths. We geocoded the residential addresses of cases (fetal and early neonatal deaths) and controls (children who survived the 28th day of life) and calculated a distance-weighted traffic density (DWTD) measure considering all roads contained in a buffer surrounding these homes. RESULTS: Logistic regression revealed a gradient of increasing risk of early neonatal death with higher exposure to traffic-related air pollution. Mothers exposed to the highest quartile of the DWTD compared with those less exposed exhibited approximately 50% increased risk (adjusted odds ratio = 1.47; 95% confidence interval, 0.67-3.19). Associations for fetal mortality were less consistent. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that motor vehicle exhaust exposures may be a risk factor for perinatal mortality. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - de Medeiros, Andrea Paula Peneluppi AU - Gouveia, Nelson AU - Machado, Reinaldo Paul Perez AU - de Souza, Miriam Regina AU - Alencar, Gizelton Pereira AU - Novaes, Hillegonda Maria Dutilh AU - de Almeida, Marcia Furquim Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 127 EP - 132 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 117 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Mortality KW - buffers KW - Motor vehicles KW - low-birth-weight KW - Pollution effects KW - Children KW - Pregnancy KW - Brazil, Sao Paulo KW - Air pollution KW - traffic KW - Brazil KW - Neonates KW - Highways KW - Urban areas KW - Infants KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21349672?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Traffic-Related+Air+Pollution+and+Perinatal+Mortality%3A+A+Case-Control+Study&rft.au=de+Medeiros%2C+Andrea+Paula+Peneluppi%3BGouveia%2C+Nelson%3BMachado%2C+Reinaldo+Paul+Perez%3Bde+Souza%2C+Miriam+Regina%3BAlencar%2C+Gizelton+Pereira%3BNovaes%2C+Hillegonda+Maria+Dutilh%3Bde+Almeida%2C+Marcia+Furquim&rft.aulast=de+Medeiros&rft.aufirst=Andrea+Paula&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mortality; Motor vehicles; buffers; low-birth-weight; Pollution effects; Children; Pregnancy; Air pollution; traffic; Neonates; Highways; Infants; Urban areas; Brazil, Sao Paulo; Brazil ER - TY - JOUR T1 - DDT Exposure of Zebrafish Embryos Enhances Seizure Susceptibility: Relationship to Fetal p,p'-DDE Burden and Domoic Acid Exposure of California Sea Lions AN - 21348751; 12129470 AB - BACKGROUND: California sea lions have a large body burden of organochlorine pesticides, and over the last decade they have also been subject to domoic acid poisoning. Domoic acid poisoning, previously recognized in adult animals, is now viewed as a major cause of prenatal mortality. The appearance of a chronic juvenile domoic acid disease in the sea lions, characterized by behavioral abnormalities and epilepsy, is consistent with early life poisoning and may be potentiated by organochlorine burden. OBJECTIVE: We investigated the interactive effect of DDT (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) on neurodevelopment using a zebrafish (Danio rerio) model for seizure behavior to examine the susceptibility to domoic acid-induced seizures after completion of neurodevelopment. METHODS: Embryos were exposed (6-30 hr postfertilization) to either o,p'-DDT or p,p'-DDE (dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene) during neurodevelopment via a 0.1% dimethyl sulfoxide solution. These larval (7 days postfertilization) fish were then exposed to either the seizure-inducing drug pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) or domoic acid; resulting seizure behavior was monitored and analyzed for changes using cameras and behavioral tracking software. RESULTS: Embryonic exposure to DDTs enhanced PTZ seizures and caused distinct and increased seizure behaviors to domoic acid, most notably a type of head-shaking behavior. CONCLUSION: These studies demonstrate that embryonic exposure to DDTs leads to asymptomatic animals at completion of neurodevelopment with greater sensitivity to domoic acid-induced seizures. The body burden levels of p,p'-DDE are close to the range recently found in fetal California sea lions and suggest a potential interactive effect of p,p'-DDE embryonic poisoning and domoic acid toxicity. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Tiedeken, Jessica A AU - Ramsdell, John S Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - January 2009 SP - 68 EP - 73 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 117 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Marine KW - Mortality KW - Body burden KW - Chlorine compounds KW - DDE KW - Poisoning KW - Toxicity KW - Freshwater KW - Freshwater fish KW - Toxicity tests KW - Tracking KW - Danio rerio KW - Insecticides KW - INE, USA, California KW - sea lions KW - Marine mammals KW - DDT KW - body burden KW - Embryos KW - Fish KW - Pollution indicators KW - O 2090:Instruments/Methods KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21348751?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=DDT+Exposure+of+Zebrafish+Embryos+Enhances+Seizure+Susceptibility%3A+Relationship+to+Fetal+p%2Cp%27-DDE+Burden+and+Domoic+Acid+Exposure+of+California+Sea+Lions&rft.au=Tiedeken%2C+Jessica+A%3BRamsdell%2C+John+S&rft.aulast=Tiedeken&rft.aufirst=Jessica&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=68&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Body burden; Chlorine compounds; Marine mammals; DDE; DDT; Freshwater fish; Pollution indicators; Toxicity tests; Tracking; Mortality; Insecticides; sea lions; Poisoning; body burden; Fish; Embryos; Toxicity; Danio rerio; INE, USA, California; Marine; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biodegradation of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemical Aniline by Microorganisms AN - 21099359; 11298736 AB - Two pure cultures (strains No. A-11 and A-12) from soil sample capable of utilizing aniline as the sole source of nitrogen and energy were regarded as Achromobacter sp and Pseudomonas sp, respectively. Degradation patterns of aniline and aniline derivatives were observed on the high-performance liquid chromatogram (HPLC) of the culture filtrate of both strains and growth of both strains were measured as protein by the Kennedy and Fewson method. The growth yield of both strains were about 46.3 g and 47.4 g of protein per mole of nitrogen source of aniline and were similar to those hi the case of NH sub(4)Cl as a nitrogen source. Biodegradation of aniline was achieved (200mg/l) in less than 3 and 4 days using strains No. A-11 and strain No. A-12, respectively. The strata No. A-11 degraded aniline more rapidly than strain No. A-12. JF - Journal of Health Science AU - Tanaka, T AU - Hachiyanagi, H AU - Yamamoto, N AU - Iijima, T AU - Kido, Y AU - Uyeda, M AU - Takahama, K AD - Division of Instrumental Analysis, Institute of Resource Development and Analysis, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan, tfujii@gpo.kumamoto-u.ac.jp Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 625 EP - 630 VL - 55 IS - 4 SN - 1344-9702, 1344-9702 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Toxicology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - High-performance liquid chromatography KW - Pure culture KW - Biodegradation KW - Degradation KW - Nitrogen sources KW - endocrine disruptors KW - Endocrine disruptors KW - Pseudomonas KW - nitrogen sources KW - Acetylcholine receptors KW - Achromobacter KW - Soil KW - Energy KW - Microorganisms KW - Proteins KW - Aniline KW - Nitrogen KW - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - J 02320:Cell Biology KW - A 01320:Microbial Degradation KW - X 24300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21099359?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Health+Science&rft.atitle=Biodegradation+of+Endocrine-Disrupting+Chemical+Aniline+by+Microorganisms&rft.au=Tanaka%2C+T%3BHachiyanagi%2C+H%3BYamamoto%2C+N%3BIijima%2C+T%3BKido%2C+Y%3BUyeda%2C+M%3BTakahama%2C+K&rft.aulast=Tanaka&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=625&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Health+Science&rft.issn=13449702&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-05-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Pure culture; High-performance liquid chromatography; Biodegradation; Nitrogen sources; Energy; Endocrine disruptors; Microorganisms; Acetylcholine receptors; Nitrogen; Aniline; Degradation; endocrine disruptors; Proteins; nitrogen sources; Achromobacter; Pseudomonas ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of foam-filled conical tubes in enhancing the crashworthiness performance of vehicle protective structures AN - 20959660; 11053179 AB - This paper treats the feasibility of including a supplementary energy-absorbing device in the form of foam-filled conical tubes onto vehicular protective structures to enhance their energy absorbing capacity and hence to enhance safety for the occupants during accidental impacts. The effect of the supplementary energy absorber device was investigated for varying values of the wall thickness of the tube and the foam density of the filler. Research findings have shown the inclusion of this supplementary energy-absorbing device to be a cost-effective and beneficial solution, which promoted an enhanced level of occupant safety by enhancing the energy absorption, reducing the amount of plastic deformation sustained by the protective structure as well as reducing the severity of the peak decelerations transferred to the occupant compartment during such an event. JF - International Journal of Crashworthiness AU - Ahmad, Z AU - Thambiratnam, D P AD - Faculty of Built Environment and Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, GPO Box 2434, 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia, z.ahmad@qut.edu.au Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 349 EP - 363 PB - Taylor & Francis Group Ltd., 2 Park Square Milton Park, Abingdon Oxford OX14 4RN UK, [URL:http://www.taylorandfrancis.co.uk/] VL - 14 IS - 4 SN - 1358-8265, 1358-8265 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Feasibility studies KW - crashworthiness KW - Economics KW - Absorption KW - Impact analysis KW - H 2000:Transportation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20959660?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Crashworthiness&rft.atitle=Application+of+foam-filled+conical+tubes+in+enhancing+the+crashworthiness+performance+of+vehicle+protective+structures&rft.au=Ahmad%2C+Z%3BThambiratnam%2C+D+P&rft.aulast=Ahmad&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=349&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Crashworthiness&rft.issn=13588265&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F13588260902775041 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Impact analysis; crashworthiness; Economics; Absorption; Feasibility studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13588260902775041 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A 14 000 year sedimentary charcoal record of fire from the northern Sierra Nevada, Lake Tahoe Basin, California, USA AN - 20632053; 9369117 AB - This research examines how the controls of fire episode frequency in the northern Sierra Nevada have varied at different temporal scales through the Holocene. A 5.5 m long sediment core was collected from Lily Pond, a 62.5 ha lake in the General Creek Watershed on the west shore of Lake Tahoe in the northern Sierra Nevada in California, USA. Dendrochronology was used to reconstruct the recent history of fire, and high-resolution charcoal analysis was used to reconstruct fire episodes for the last 14 000 cal. yr BP. Fire episode frequency was low during the Lateglacial period but increased through the middle Holocene to a maximum frequency around 6500 cal. yr BP. During the late Holocene fire episode frequency generally declined except for noted peaks around 3000 cal. yr BP and 1000-800 cal. yr BP. These variations track major climatic and vegetation changes driven by millennial-timescale variation in the seasonal cycle of insolation and regional decadal- and centennial-scale variation in effective moisture in the mid and late Holocene in the Sierra Nevada. Fire episode frequency during the Holocene in the Lake Tahoe Basin varied in response to decadal-, centennial-and millennial-scale climatic variability. Current fire episode frequency on the west shore of Lake Tahoe is at one of its lowest points in at least the last 14 000 years. Given the strong relationship between climate and fire episode frequency, warming due to increased levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere may increase fire episode frequency to levels experienced during the 'Mediaeval Warm Period' or the early-Holocene summer insolation maximum as periods of drought intensify. JF - Holocene AU - Beaty, R M AU - Taylor, AH AD - CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems, GPO Box 284, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia, matt.beaty@csiro.au Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 347 EP - 358 VL - 19 IS - 3 SN - 0959-6836, 0959-6836 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Atmosphere KW - Fires KW - USA, California KW - Lake Basins KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20632053?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Holocene&rft.atitle=A+14+000+year+sedimentary+charcoal+record+of+fire+from+the+northern+Sierra+Nevada%2C+Lake+Tahoe+Basin%2C+California%2C+USA&rft.au=Beaty%2C+R+M%3BTaylor%2C+AH&rft.aulast=Beaty&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=347&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Holocene&rft.issn=09596836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F0959683608101386 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fires; Lake Basins; USA, California DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959683608101386 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermophilic anaerobic co-digestion of garbage, screened swine and dairy cattle manure AN - 20391420; 9068855 AB - Methane fermentation characteristics of garbage, swine manure (SM), dairy cattle manure (DCM) and mixtures of these wastes were studied. SM and DCM showed much lower volatile total solid (VTS) digestion efficiencies and methane yield than those of garbage. VTS digestion efficiency of SM was significantly increased when it was co-digested with garbage (Garbage: SM = 1:1). Co-digestion of garbage, SM and DCM with respect to the relative quantity of each waste discharged in the Kikuchi (1: 16: 27) and Aso (1: 19: 12) areas indicated that co-digestion with garbage would improve the digestion characteristic of SM and DCM as far as the ratio of DCM in the wastes was maintained below a certain level. When the mixed waste (Garbage: SM: DCM = 1:19:12) was treated using a thermophilic UAF reactor, methanogens responsible for the methane production were Methanoculleus and Methanosarcina species. Bacterial species in the phylum Firmicutes were dominant bacteria responsible for the digestion of these wastes. As the percentage of garbage in the mixed wastes used in this study was low (2-3%) and the digestion efficiency of DCM was obviously improved, the co-digestion of SM and DCM with limited garbage was a prospective method to treat the livestock waste effectively and was an attractive alternative technology for the construction of a sustainable environment and society in stock raising area. JF - Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering AU - Liu, Kai AU - Tang, Yue-Qin AU - Matsui, Toru AU - Morimura, Shigeru AU - Wu, Xiao-Lei AU - Kida, Kenji AD - Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Kumamoto-City, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan, kida@gpo.kumamoto-u.ac.jp Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 54 EP - 60 PB - The Society for Biotechnology, Japan VL - 107 IS - 1 SN - 1389-1723, 1389-1723 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Anaerobic digestion KW - Methane fermentation KW - Swine manure KW - Dairy cattle manure KW - Microbial community KW - Methane KW - Manure KW - Fermentation KW - Wastes KW - Thermophilic bacteria KW - Methanosarcina KW - Firmicutes KW - Methanogenic bacteria KW - Livestock KW - Digestion KW - Dairies KW - Volatiles KW - Bioreactors KW - Methanoculleus KW - J 02410:Animal Diseases KW - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up KW - A 01320:Microbial Degradation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20391420?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Bioscience+and+Bioengineering&rft.atitle=Thermophilic+anaerobic+co-digestion+of+garbage%2C+screened+swine+and+dairy+cattle+manure&rft.au=Liu%2C+Kai%3BTang%2C+Yue-Qin%3BMatsui%2C+Toru%3BMorimura%2C+Shigeru%3BWu%2C+Xiao-Lei%3BKida%2C+Kenji&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Kai&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=107&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=54&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Bioscience+and+Bioengineering&rft.issn=13891723&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jbiosc.2008.09.007 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Digestion; Methane; Dairies; Manure; Volatiles; Fermentation; Bioreactors; Thermophilic bacteria; Wastes; Methanogenic bacteria; Livestock; Methanosarcina; Methanoculleus; Firmicutes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiosc.2008.09.007 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating the performance of basic fuchsin for the Ziehl-Neelsen stain AN - 20343708; 9016762 AB - SETTING: An investigation of commercially available basic fuchsin (BF) dye powders used for the detection of acid-fast bacilli (AFB). OBJECTIVE: To determine whether single, or multiple, assays may predict the performance of BF in the Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) method. DESIGN: The composition and staining properties of six BF dye samples were assessed using continuous recording spectrophotometry, reverse phase thin-layer chromatography (RPTLC) and a standardised ZN biological staining test. RESULTS: Variable proportions of BF homologues could be demonstrated in the samples, but neither spectroscopy nor RPTLC was fully predictive of their staining quality. ZN staining of standard smears was needed to identify five powders that yielded satisfactory results and one powder with unsatisfactory performance. Increasing the BF concentration did not always result in improved staining. CONCLUSIONS: Simple analytical methods, such as spectrophotometry and RPTLC, should be complemented by biological staining of control smears to assess the quality of BF dye powders. This allows tuberculosis control programmes to avoid procurement of BF dyes that would fail to detect AFB even when strictly adhering to current international guidelines for ZN staining. JF - International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease AU - Gordon, C AU - Van Deun, A AU - Lumb, R AD - Sansom Institute, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia, colin.gordon@unisa.edu.au Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 130 EP - 135 VL - 13 IS - 1 SN - 1027-3719, 1027-3719 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Powder KW - Bacilli KW - Dyes KW - Mycobacterium KW - Ziehl-Neelsen stain KW - Lung diseases KW - Tuberculosis KW - Spectrophotometry KW - Thin-layer chromatography KW - Spectroscopy KW - J 02400:Human Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20343708?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Tuberculosis+and+Lung+Disease&rft.atitle=Evaluating+the+performance+of+basic+fuchsin+for+the+Ziehl-Neelsen+stain&rft.au=Gordon%2C+C%3BVan+Deun%2C+A%3BLumb%2C+R&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=130&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Tuberculosis+and+Lung+Disease&rft.issn=10273719&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bacilli; Powder; Dyes; Lung diseases; Ziehl-Neelsen stain; Spectrophotometry; Tuberculosis; Thin-layer chromatography; Spectroscopy; Mycobacterium ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Meeting Report: Consensus Statement-Parkinson's Disease and the Environment: Collaborative on Health and the Environment and Parkinson's Action Network (CHE PAN) Conference 26-28 June 2007 AN - 20298342; 8892369 AB - BACKGROUND: Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder. People with PD, their families, scientists, health care providers, and the general public are increasingly interested in identifying environmental contributors to PD risk. METHODS: In June 2007, a multidisciplinary group of experts gathered in Sunnyvale, California, USA, to assess what is known about the contribution of environmental factors to PD. RESULTS: We describe the conclusions around which they came to consensus with respect to environmental contributors to PD risk. We conclude with a brief summary of research needs. CONCLUSIONS: PD is a complex disorder, and multiple different pathogenic pathways and mechanisms can ultimately lead to PD. Within the individual there are many determinants of PD risk, and within populations, the causes of PD are heterogeneous. Although rare recognized genetic mutations are sufficient to cause PD, these account for < 10% of PD in the U.S. population, and incomplete penetrance suggests that environmental factors may be involved. Indeed, interplay among environmental factors and genetic makeup likely influences the risk of developing PD. There is a need for further understanding of how risk factors interact, and studying PD is likely to increase understanding of other neurodegenerative disorders. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Bronstein, J AU - Carvey, P AU - Chen, H AU - Cory-Slechta, D AU - DiMonte, D AU - Duda, J AU - English, P AU - Goldman, S AU - Grate, S AU - Hansen, J AU - Hoppin, J AU - Jewell, S AU - Kamel, F AU - Tanner, C M AD - Parkinson's Institute, 675 Almanor Ave., Sunnyvale, CA 94085, USA, ctanner@thepi.org Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 117 EP - 121 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 117 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - environmental factors KW - USA, California, Sunnyvale KW - Health care KW - Conferences KW - Parkinson's disease KW - USA, California KW - Mutation KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20298342?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Meeting+Report%3A+Consensus+Statement-Parkinson%27s+Disease+and+the+Environment%3A+Collaborative+on+Health+and+the+Environment+and+Parkinson%27s+Action+Network+%28CHE+PAN%29+Conference+26-28+June+2007&rft.au=Bronstein%2C+J%3BCarvey%2C+P%3BChen%2C+H%3BCory-Slechta%2C+D%3BDiMonte%2C+D%3BDuda%2C+J%3BEnglish%2C+P%3BGoldman%2C+S%3BGrate%2C+S%3BHansen%2C+J%3BHoppin%2C+J%3BJewell%2C+S%3BKamel%2C+F%3BTanner%2C+C+M&rft.aulast=Bronstein&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=117&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/10.1289%2Fehp.11702 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - environmental factors; Conferences; Health care; Parkinson's disease; Mutation; USA, California, Sunnyvale; USA, California DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.11702 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Extra Protection for Pregnant Women: Calcium Supplement Reduces Blood Lead AN - 20298280; 8892348 AB - Lead, like calcium, is stored in bones and generally does not circulate throughout the body. But the demands of pregnancy and lactation trigger the release of calcium, which also releases lead into the maternal blood stream. Researchers previously showed that daily calcium supplementation during lactation reduced maternal blood lead by 15-20% and lead in breast milk by 5-10%. A new study by the same team shows that taking inexpensive calcium supplements daily also reduces blood lead levels during pregnancy [EHP 117:26-31; Ettinger et al.]. Such supplementation could help mitigate the adverse effects of prenatal lead exposure, which include low birth weight, lower intelligence scores, and impaired motor and visual skills. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Potera, C Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 1 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 117 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts; Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts KW - Birth weight KW - Motor skill KW - Calcium KW - Prenatal experience KW - low-birth-weight KW - Breast milk KW - Supplementation KW - Lead KW - Ethics KW - Calcium (blood) KW - Sensorimotor integration KW - Blood levels KW - Lactation KW - Pregnancy KW - Bone KW - Blood KW - Intelligence KW - Side effects KW - T 2020:Nutrition and Metabolism KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20298280?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Extra+Protection+for+Pregnant+Women%3A+Calcium+Supplement+Reduces+Blood+Lead&rft.au=Potera%2C+C&rft.aulast=Potera&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=A32&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Motor skill; Birth weight; Prenatal experience; Calcium; Breast milk; Calcium (blood); Lead; Supplementation; Sensorimotor integration; Pregnancy; Lactation; Bone; Intelligence; Blood; Ethics; Side effects; low-birth-weight; Blood levels ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Concentrations of Phthalate Metabolites in Milk, Urine, Saliva, and Serum of Lactating North Carolina Women AN - 20292722; 8892364 AB - Background: Phthalates are ubiquitous in the environment, but concentrations in multiple media from breast-feeding U.S. women have not been evaluated. Objectives: The objective of this study was to accurately measure and compare the concentrations of oxidative monoester phthalate metabolites in milk and surrogate fluids (serum, saliva, and urine) of 33 lactating North Carolina women. Methods: We analyzed serum, saliva, urine, and milk for the oxidative phthalate metabolites mono(3-carboxypropyl) phthalate, mono(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate (MECPP), mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate, and mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate using isotope-dilution high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectroscopy. Because only urine lacks esterases, we analyzed it for the hydrolytic phthalate monoesters. Results: We detected phthalate metabolites in few milk ( 80% of serum samples, but other metabolites were less common (3-22%). Seven of the 10 urinary metabolites were detectable in greater than or equal to 85% of samples. Monoethyl phthalate had the highest mean concentration in urine. Metabolite concentrations differed by body fluid (urine > serum > milk and saliva). Questionnaire data suggest that frequent nail polish use, immuno-globulin A, and fasting serum glucose and triglyceride levels were increased among women with higher concentrations of urinary and/or serum phthalate metabolites; motor vehicle age was inversely correlated with certain urinary phthalate concentrations. Conclusions: Our data suggest that phthalate metabolites are most frequently detected in urine of lactating women and are less often detected in serum, milk, or saliva. Urinary phthalate concentrations reflect maternal exposure and do not represent the concentrations of oxidative metabolites in other body fluids, especially milk. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Hines, E P AU - Calafat, A M AU - Silva, MJ AU - Mendola, P AU - Fenton, SE AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, ORD/NHEERL, 2525 Hwy 54, MD-67, Reproductive Toxicology Division, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711 USA, fenton.suzanne@epa.gov Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 86 EP - 92 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 117 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Bioindicators KW - USA, North Carolina KW - Age KW - Motor vehicles KW - Metabolites KW - Food contamination KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - phthalates KW - Urine KW - Liquid chromatography KW - Females KW - environmental ethics KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20292722?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Concentrations+of+Phthalate+Metabolites+in+Milk%2C+Urine%2C+Saliva%2C+and+Serum+of+Lactating+North+Carolina+Women&rft.au=Hines%2C+E+P%3BCalafat%2C+A+M%3BSilva%2C+MJ%3BMendola%2C+P%3BFenton%2C+SE&rft.aulast=Hines&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=86&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/10.1289%2Fehp.11610 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bioindicators; phthalates; Age; Liquid chromatography; Urine; Motor vehicles; Metabolites; Females; Food contamination; Mass spectroscopy; environmental ethics; USA, North Carolina DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.11610 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Switch On the Night: Policies for Smarter Lighting AN - 20292629; 8892347 AB - It was an August afternoon in 2003 when the lights went out on Broadway, and for that matter, throughout most of the Northeast, Midwest, and Ontario--a power blackout left 50 million customers in the dark overnight. Despite complaints about the inconveniences, the stranded commuters, and the food spoilage in restaurants and markets, many city dwellers were also awed; as evening came on, they gazed upward, and between the dark skyscrapers they could see something amazing--the starry night sky. The New York Times reported spontaneous stargazing gatherings in the usually electrified cities of the Northeast. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Claudio, L Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 1 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 117 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Lighting KW - environmental ethics KW - USA, New York KW - Urban areas KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20292629?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Switch+On+the+Night%3A+Policies+for+Smarter+Lighting&rft.au=Claudio%2C+L&rft.aulast=Claudio&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=A29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Lighting; environmental ethics; Urban areas; USA, New York ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Missing the Dark: Health Effects of Light Pollution AN - 20292486; 8892346 AB - In 1879, Thomas Edison's incandescent light bulbs first illuminated a New York street, and the modern era of electric lighting began. Since then, the world has become awash in electric light. Powerful lamps light up streets, yards, parking lots, and billboards. Sports facilities blaze with light that is visible for tens of miles. Business and office building window glow throughout the night. According to the Tucson, Arizona-based International Dark-Sky Association (IDA), the sky glow of Los Angeles is visible from an airplane 200 miles away. In most of the world's large urban centers, stargazing is something that happens at a planetarium. Indeed, when a 1994 earthquake knocked out the power in Los Aligles, many anxious residents called 1ocal emergency Centers to report seeing a strange "giant, jrilvery cloud" in the dark sky. What they were really seeing--for the first time--was the Milky Way, long obliterated by the urban sky glow. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Chepesiuk, R Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 1 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 117 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - light pollution KW - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Earthquakes KW - Clouds KW - USA, California, Los Angeles KW - Seismic activity KW - Pollution effects KW - Lighting KW - USA, Arizona, Tucson KW - USA, New York KW - Urban areas KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - H 11000:Diseases/Injuries/Trauma KW - ENA 05:Environmental Design & Urban Ecology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20292486?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Missing+the+Dark%3A+Health+Effects+of+Light+Pollution&rft.au=Chepesiuk%2C+R&rft.aulast=Chepesiuk&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=A20&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-05-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Clouds; Earthquakes; Seismic activity; Lighting; Pollution effects; Urban areas; USA, California, Los Angeles; USA, Arizona, Tucson; USA, New York ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Urinary Levoglucosan as a Biomarker of Wood Smoke Exposure: Observations in a Mouse Model and in Children AN - 20291863; 8892362 AB - Background: Biomass smoke is an important source of particulate matter (PM), and much remains to be discovered with respect to the human health effects associated with this specific PM source. Exposure to biomass smoke can occur in one of two main categories: short-term exposures consist of periodic, seasonal exposures typified by communities near forest fires or intentional agricultural burning, and long-term exposures are chronic and typified by the use of biomass materials for cooking or heating. Levoglucosan (LG), a sugar anhydride released by combustion of cellulose-containing materials, is an attractive candidate as a biomarker of wood smoke exposure. Objectives: In the present study, Balb/c mice and children were assessed for LG in urine to determine its feasibility as a biomarker. Methods: We performed urinary detection of LG by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry after intranasal instillations of LG or concentrated PM (mice) or biomass exposure (mice or humans). Results: After instillation, we recovered most of the LG within the first 4 hr. Experiments using glucose instillation proved the specificity of our system, and instillation of concentrated PM from wood smoke, ambient air, and diesel exhaust supported a connection between wood smoke and LG. In addition, LG was detected in the urine of mice exposed to wood smoke. Finally, a pilot human study proved our ability to detect LG in urine of children. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that LG in the lungs is detectable in the urine of both mice and humans and that it is a good candidate as a biomarker of exposure to biomass smoke. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Migliaccio, C T AU - Bergauff, MA AU - Palmer, C P AU - Jessop, F AU - Noonan, C W AU - Ward, T J AD - Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Professions and Biomedical Sciences, 285C Skaggs Building, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812 USA, christopher.migliaccio@umontana.edu Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 74 EP - 79 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 117 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Smoke KW - Bioindicators KW - Urine KW - Combustion products KW - Wood KW - Mice KW - Biomass KW - Children KW - Combustion KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20291863?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Urinary+Levoglucosan+as+a+Biomarker+of+Wood+Smoke+Exposure%3A+Observations+in+a+Mouse+Model+and+in+Children&rft.au=Migliaccio%2C+C+T%3BBergauff%2C+MA%3BPalmer%2C+C+P%3BJessop%2C+F%3BNoonan%2C+C+W%3BWard%2C+T+J&rft.aulast=Migliaccio&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=74&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/10.1289%2Fehp.11378 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bioindicators; Smoke; Combustion products; Urine; Wood; Mice; Children; Biomass; Combustion DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.11378 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Is There Evidence for Synergy Among Air Pollutants in Causing Health Effects? AN - 20291819; 8892352 AB - BACKGROUND: Environmental air pollutants are inhaled as complex mixtures, but the long dominant focus of monitoring and research on individual pollutants has provided modest insight into pollutant interactions that may be important to health. Trends toward managing multiple pollutants to maximize aggregate health gains place increasing value on knowing whether the effects of combinations of pollutants are greater than the sum of the effects of individual pollutants (synergy). OBJECTIVE: We reviewed selected published literature to determine whether synergistic effects of combinations of pollutants on health outcomes have actually been demonstrated. METHODS AND RESULTS: We reviewed 36 laboratory studies of combinations of ozone with other pollutants that were reported in the recent U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Ozone Criteria Document. We examined original reports to determine whether the experimental design tested for synergy and whether synergy was demonstrated. Fourteen studies demonstrated synergism, although synergistic, additive, and antagonistic effects were sometimes observed among different outcomes or at different times after exposure. CONCLUSIONS: Synergisms involving O sub(3) have been demonstrated by laboratory studies of humans and animals. We conclude that the plausibility of synergisms among environmental pollutants has been established, although comparisons are limited, and most involved exposure concentrations much higher than typical of environmental pollutants. Epidemiologic research has limited ability to address the issue explicitly. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Mauderly, J L AU - Samet, J M AD - National Environmental Respiratory Center, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, 2425 Ridgecrest Dr., SE, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA, jmauderly@LRRI.org Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 1 EP - 6 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 117 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Air pollution KW - EPA KW - USA KW - Synergistic effects KW - Synergism KW - Reviews KW - Additives KW - environmental ethics KW - Ozone KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20291819?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Is+There+Evidence+for+Synergy+Among+Air+Pollutants+in+Causing+Health+Effects%3F&rft.au=Mauderly%2C+J+L%3BSamet%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Mauderly&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/10.1289%2Fehp.11654 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air pollution; EPA; Synergistic effects; Synergism; Reviews; Additives; environmental ethics; Ozone; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.11654 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prenatal Exposure to Polychlorinated Biphenyls: A Neuropsychologic Analysis AN - 20287881; 8892353 AB - OBJECTIVES: A large body of literature documents the effects of prenatal exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) on cognitive development of children. Despite this fact, no integrative synthesis has been published yet to identify the cognitive functions that are particularly affected. Our aim is to review this literature in an attempt to identify the cognitive profile associated with prenatal PCB exposure. DATA SOURCES: Studies were identified by searching the PubMed database for articles published before June 2008. We reviewed data from nine prospective longitudinal birth cohorts for different aspects of cognition. DATA EXTRACTION: Associations between indicators of prenatal PCB exposure and performance on cognitive tasks reported in the selected studies are summarized and classified as general cognitive abilities, verbal or visual-spatial skills, memory, attention, and executive functions. DATA SYNTHESIS: The most consistent effects observed across studies are impaired executive functioning related to increased prenatal PCB exposure. Negative effects on processing speed, verbal abilities, and visual recognition memory are also reported by most studies. Converging results from different cohort studies in which exposure arises from different sources make it unlikely that co-exposure with another associated contaminant is responsible for the observed effects. CONCLUSION: Prenatal PCB exposure appears to be related to a relatively specific cognitive profile of impairments. Failure to assess functions that are specifically impaired may explain the absence of effects found in some studies. Our findings have implications in the selection of cognitive assessment methods in future studies. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Boucher, O AU - Muckle, G AU - Bastien, CH AD - Unite de recherche en sante publique, Centre de recherche du CHUL-CHUQ, Edifice Delta 2, Bureau 600, 2875, boulevard Laurier, 6e etage, Sainte-Foy (Qc), Canada, G1V 2M2, gina.muckle@psy.ulaval.ca Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 7 EP - 16 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 117 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - Data processing KW - Prenatal experience KW - Children KW - Executive function KW - Databases KW - prenatal experience KW - Memory KW - cognitive ability KW - polychlorinated biphenyls KW - Visual perception KW - Cognitive ability KW - Ethics KW - Reviews KW - Information processing KW - Language KW - Contaminants KW - PCB compounds KW - Attention KW - environmental ethics KW - PCB KW - N3 11001:Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience KW - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20287881?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Prenatal+Exposure+to+Polychlorinated+Biphenyls%3A+A+Neuropsychologic+Analysis&rft.au=Boucher%2C+O%3BMuckle%2C+G%3BBastien%2C+CH&rft.aulast=Boucher&rft.aufirst=O&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=7&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/10.1289%2Fehp.11294 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Prenatal experience; Data processing; Children; Executive function; Databases; Memory; polychlorinated biphenyls; Cognitive ability; Visual perception; Information processing; Reviews; Ethics; Language; Contaminants; Attention; PCB; prenatal experience; cognitive ability; PCB compounds; environmental ethics DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.11294 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Children's health: National Children's Study Begins Recruitment AN - 20287747; 8892345 AB - After nearly a decade of planning, the National Children's Study is finally set to launch. Scientists hope this 20-year nationwide study will unravel the mysteries of some of today's most significant threats to children's health. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Washam, C Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 1 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 117 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - recruitment KW - Children KW - Research programs KW - Public health KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20287747?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Children%27s+health%3A+National+Children%27s+Study+Begins+Recruitment&rft.au=Washam%2C+C&rft.aulast=Washam&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=A19&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - recruitment; Children; Research programs; Public health ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Direct comparison of fluorescence- and bioluminescence-based resonance energy transfer methods for real-time monitoring of thrombin-catalysed proteolytic cleavage AN - 20276895; 8874629 AB - In this study, a representative FRET system (CFP donor and YFP acceptor) is compared with the BRET super(2) system (Renilla luciferase donor, green fluorescent protein super(2) (GFP super(2)) acceptor and coelenterazine 400a substrate). Cleavage of a thrombin-protease-sensitive peptide sequence inserted between the donor and acceptor proteins was detected by the RET signal. Complete cleavage by thrombin changed the BRET super(2) signal by a factor of 28.9+/-0.2 (R.S.D. (relative standard deviation), n=3) and the FRET signal by a factor of 3.2+/-0.1 (R.S.D., n=3). The BRET super(2) technique was 50 times more sensitive than the FRET technique for monitoring thrombin concentrations. Detection limits (blank signal+3 sigma sub(b), where sigma sub(b)=the standard deviation (S.D.) of the blank signal) were calculated to be 3.05 and 0.22nM thrombin for FRET and BRET super(2), respectively. This direct comparison suggests that the BRET super(2) technique is more suitable than FRET for use in proximity assays such as protease cleavage assays or protein-protein interaction assays. JF - Biosensors and Bioelectronics AU - Dacres, H AU - Dumancic, M M AU - Horne, I AU - Trowell, S C AD - CSIRO Entomology, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia, helen.dacres@csiro.au Y1 - 2009/01/01/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Jan 01 SP - 1164 EP - 1170 PB - Elsevier Advanced Technology, 660 White Plains Rd. Tarrytown NY 10591-5153 USA VL - 24 IS - 5 SN - 0956-5663, 0956-5663 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Thrombin KW - Proteolysis KW - Biosensors KW - Standard deviation KW - Renilla KW - fluorescence resonance energy transfer KW - Proteinase KW - Protein interaction KW - W 30955:Biosensors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20276895?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biosensors+and+Bioelectronics&rft.atitle=Direct+comparison+of+fluorescence-+and+bioluminescence-based+resonance+energy+transfer+methods+for+real-time+monitoring+of+thrombin-catalysed+proteolytic+cleavage&rft.au=Dacres%2C+H%3BDumancic%2C+M+M%3BHorne%2C+I%3BTrowell%2C+S+C&rft.aulast=Dacres&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1164&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biosensors+and+Bioelectronics&rft.issn=09565663&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.bios.2008.07.021 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biosensors; Proteolysis; Thrombin; Standard deviation; fluorescence resonance energy transfer; Proteinase; Protein interaction; Renilla DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2008.07.021 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - d-Fructose detection based on the direct heterogeneous electron transfer reaction of fructose dehydrogenase adsorbed onto multi-walled carbon nanotubes synthesized on platinum electrode AN - 20275829; 8874633 AB - Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were synthesized on platinum plate electrodes by the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. From the results of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and voltammetric investigation, the iron nanoparticles used as a catalyst for the MWCNT synthesis were enclosed with MWCNTs. The MWCNTs synthesized on the Pt plate (MWCNTs/Pt) electrode were immediately immersed into solutions of d-fructose dehydrogenase (FDH) to immobilize the enzyme onto the MWCNTs/Pt electrode surfaces. After the FDH was immobilized onto the MWCNTs/Pt electrode, a well-defined catalytic oxidation current based on FDH was observed from ca. -0.15V (versus Ag/AgCl/sat'd KCl), which was close to the redox potential of heme c as a prosthetic group of FDH. From an analysis of a plot of the catalytic current versus substrate, the calibration range for the fructose concentration was up to ca. 40mmoldm super(-) super(3), and the apparent Michaelis-Menten constant was evaluated to be 11+/-1mmoldm super(-) super(3). JF - Biosensors and Bioelectronics AU - Tominaga, M AU - Nomura, S AU - Taniguchi, I AD - Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan, masato@gpo.kumamoto-u.ac.jp Y1 - 2009/01/01/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Jan 01 SP - 1184 EP - 1188 PB - Elsevier Advanced Technology, 660 White Plains Rd. Tarrytown NY 10591-5153 USA VL - 24 IS - 5 SN - 0956-5663, 0956-5663 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Heme KW - Enzymes KW - potassium chloride KW - Electron transfer KW - dehydrogenase KW - Biosensors KW - Prosthetic groups KW - Vapors KW - Carbon KW - Ionizing radiation KW - Oxidation KW - Fructose KW - Electrodes KW - Platinum KW - nanotubes KW - Catalysts KW - Iron KW - nanoparticles KW - Photoelectron spectroscopy KW - Redox potential KW - W 30955:Biosensors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20275829?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biosensors+and+Bioelectronics&rft.atitle=d-Fructose+detection+based+on+the+direct+heterogeneous+electron+transfer+reaction+of+fructose+dehydrogenase+adsorbed+onto+multi-walled+carbon+nanotubes+synthesized+on+platinum+electrode&rft.au=Tominaga%2C+M%3BNomura%2C+S%3BTaniguchi%2C+I&rft.aulast=Tominaga&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1184&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biosensors+and+Bioelectronics&rft.issn=09565663&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.bios.2008.07.002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Heme; Enzymes; potassium chloride; Electron transfer; dehydrogenase; Biosensors; Prosthetic groups; Vapors; Carbon; Ionizing radiation; Electrodes; Fructose; Oxidation; Platinum; nanotubes; Catalysts; Photoelectron spectroscopy; nanoparticles; Iron; Redox potential DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2008.07.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The 2006 California Heat Wave: Impacts on Hospitalizations and Emergency Department Visits AN - 20262899; 8892360 AB - Background: Climate models project that heat waves will increase in frequency and severity. Despite many studies of mortality from heat waves, few studies have examined morbidity. Objectives: In this study we investigated whether any age or race/ethnicity groups experienced increased hospitalizations and emergency department (ED) visits overall or for selected illnesses during the 2006 California heat wave. Methods: We aggregated county-level hospitalizations and ED visits for all causes and for 10 cause groups into six geographic regions of California. We calculated excess morbidity and rate ratios (RRs) during the heat wave (15 July to 1 August 2006) and compared these data with those of a reference period (8-14 July and 12-22 August 2006). Results: During the heat wave, 16,166 excess ED visits and 1,182 excess hospitalizations occurred statewide. ED visits for heat-related causes increased across the state [RR = 6.30; 95% confidence interval (CI), 5.67-7.01], especially in the Central Coast region, which includes San Francisco. Children (0-4 years of age) and the elderly ( greater than or equal to 65 years of age) were at greatest risk. ED visits also showed significant increases for acute renal failure, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, electrolyte imbalance, and nephritis. We observed significantly elevated RRs for hospitalizations for heat-related illnesses (RR = 10.15; 95% CI, 7.79-13.43), acute renal failure, electrolyte imbalance, and nephritis. Conclusions: The 2006 California heat wave had a substantial effect on morbidity, including regions with relatively modest temperatures. This suggests that population acclimatization and adaptive capacity influenced risk. By better understanding these impacts and population vulnerabilities, local communities can improve heat wave preparedness to cope with a globally warming future. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Knowlton, K AU - Rotkin-Ellman, M AU - King, G AU - Margolis, H G AU - Smith, D AU - Solomon, G AU - Trent, R AU - English, P AD - Natural Resources Defense Council, 40 West 20th St., New York, NY 10011-4231 USA, kknowlton@nrdc.org Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 61 EP - 67 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 117 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Mortality KW - heat tolerance KW - Age KW - Temperature KW - electrolytes KW - Children KW - local communities KW - Morbidity KW - adaptability KW - Coastal zone KW - diabetes mellitus KW - vulnerability KW - INE, USA, California, San Francisco KW - Cardiovascular diseases KW - elderly KW - Ethnic groups KW - emergency medical services KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20262899?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+2006+California+Heat+Wave%3A+Impacts+on+Hospitalizations+and+Emergency+Department+Visits&rft.au=Knowlton%2C+K%3BRotkin-Ellman%2C+M%3BKing%2C+G%3BMargolis%2C+H+G%3BSmith%2C+D%3BSolomon%2C+G%3BTrent%2C+R%3BEnglish%2C+P&rft.aulast=Knowlton&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=61&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/10.1289%2Fehp.11594 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - heat tolerance; Mortality; Age; Temperature; electrolytes; Children; local communities; Morbidity; adaptability; diabetes mellitus; Coastal zone; vulnerability; Cardiovascular diseases; elderly; emergency medical services; Ethnic groups; INE, USA, California, San Francisco DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.11594 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Retrospective Performance Assessment of the Developmental Neurotoxicity Study in Support of OECD Test Guideline 426 AN - 20262871; 8892354 AB - OBJECTIVE: We conducted a review of the history and performance of developmental neurotoxicity (DNT) testing in support of the finalization and implementation of Organisation of Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) DNT test guideline 426 (TG 426). INFORMATION SOURCES AND ANALYSIS: In this review we summarize extensive scientific efforts that form the foundation for this testing paradigm, including basic neurotoxicology research) interlabo-ratory collaborative studies, expert workshops, and validation studies, and we address the relevance, applicability, and use of the DNT study in risk assessment. CONCLUSIONS: The OECD DNT guideline represents the best available science for assessing the potential for DNT in human health risk assessment, and data generated with this protocol are relevant and reliable for the assessment of these end points. The test methods used have been subjected to an extensive history of international validation, peer review, and evaluation, which is contained in the public record. The reproducibility, reliability, and sensitivity of these methods have been demonstrated, using a wide variety of test substances, in accordance with OECD guidance on the validation and international acceptance of new or updated test methods for hazard characterization. Multiple independent, expert scientific peer reviews affirm these conclusions. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Makris, S L AU - Raffaele, K AU - Allen, S AU - Bowers, W J AU - Hass, U AU - Alleva, E AU - Calamandrei, G AU - Sheets, L AU - Amcoff, P AU - Delrue, N AU - Crofton, K M AD - U.S. EPA, ORD, NCEA, Mail code: 8623P, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave. NW, Washington, DC 20460-0001, makris.susan@epa.gov Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 17 EP - 25 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 117 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Historical account KW - Sensitivity KW - Data processing KW - Conferences KW - guidelines KW - Reviews KW - Ethics KW - Neurotoxicity KW - Economics KW - OECD KW - performance assessment KW - N3 11028:Neuropharmacology & toxicology KW - X 24300:Methods KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20262871?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=A+Retrospective+Performance+Assessment+of+the+Developmental+Neurotoxicity+Study+in+Support+of+OECD+Test+Guideline+426&rft.au=Makris%2C+S+L%3BRaffaele%2C+K%3BAllen%2C+S%3BBowers%2C+W+J%3BHass%2C+U%3BAlleva%2C+E%3BCalamandrei%2C+G%3BSheets%2C+L%3BAmcoff%2C+P%3BDelrue%2C+N%3BCrofton%2C+K+M&rft.aulast=Makris&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/10.1289%2Fehp.11447 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Data processing; Conferences; Ethics; Reviews; Economics; Neurotoxicity; Sensitivity; Historical account; guidelines; performance assessment; OECD DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.11447 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Meeting report: Summit Focuses on Pharmaceuticals in Drinking Water AN - 20262850; 8892341 AB - Keeping our drinking water clean and contaminant-free is a concern of many policymakers and scientists, and it was the headlining topic at the inaugural Environmental Health Summit of the Research Triangle Environmental Health Collaborative held 10-11 November 2008 in Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. With nearly 150 attendees representing government, research, academia, public interest groups, and the pharmaceutical industry, die stage was set for a constructive dialogue designed to identify key issues for future discourse and action. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Tillett, T Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 1 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 117 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - USA, North Carolina KW - Environmental health KW - Pharmaceutical industry KW - Drinking water KW - environmental ethics KW - Public concern KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20262850?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Meeting+report%3A+Summit+Focuses+on+Pharmaceuticals+in+Drinking+Water&rft.au=Tillett%2C+T&rft.aulast=Tillett&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=A16&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environmental health; Pharmaceutical industry; Drinking water; Public concern; environmental ethics; USA, North Carolina ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cord Blood Mercury and Early Child Development: Lederman and Perera Respond AN - 20262822; 8892339 AB - In our study (Lederman et al. 2008), we examined the relation of cord and maternal blood mercury levels to child developmental outcomes at 1,2, 3, and 4 years of age in a cohort whose mothers were selected because they were pregnant on 11 September 2001. Some of the women were exposed to the World Trade Center (WTC) event because they lived and/or worked near the WTC site in the weeks after the disaster, whereas others lived and worked elsewhere. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Lederman, SA AU - Perera, F P AD - Columbia Center for Children's, Environmental Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, sall@columbia.edu Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 1 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 117 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Age KW - Disasters KW - Mercury KW - Pregnancy KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20262822?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Cord+Blood+Mercury+and+Early+Child+Development%3A+Lederman+and+Perera+Respond&rft.au=Lederman%2C+SA%3BPerera%2C+F+P&rft.aulast=Lederman&rft.aufirst=SA&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=A14&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/10.1289%2Fehp.0800155 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Age; Disasters; Mercury; Pregnancy DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0800155 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using MODFLOW 2000 to Model ET and Recharge for Shallow Ground Water Problems AN - 20262535; 8906919 AB - AbstractIn environments with shallow ground water elevation, small changes in the water table can cause significant variations in recharge and evapotranspiration fluxes. Particularly, where ground water is close to the soil surface, both recharge and evapotranspiration are regulated by a thin unsaturated zone and, for accuracy, must be represented using nonconstant and often nonlinear relationships. The most commonly used ground water flow model today, MODFLOW, was originally designed with a modular structure with independent packages representing recharge and evaporation processes. Systems with shallow ground water, however, may be better represented using either a recharge function that varies with ground water depth or a continuous recharge and evapotranspiration function that is dependent on depth to water table. In situations where the boundaries between recharging and nonrecharging cells change with time, such as near a seepage zone, a continuous ground water flux relationship allows recharge rates to change with depth rather than having to calculate them at each stress period. This research article describes the modification of the MODFLOW 2000 recharge and segmented evapotranspiration packages into a continuous recharge-discharge function that allows ground water flux to be represented as a continuous process, dependent on head. The modifications were then used to model long-term recharge and evapotranspiration processes on a saline, semiarid floodplain in order to understand spatial patterns of salinization, and an overview of this process is given. JF - Ground Water AU - Doble, Rebecca C AU - Simmons, Craig T AU - Walker, Glen R AD - 2School of Physics, Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, South Australia 5001, Australia. Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 129 EP - 135 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road VL - 47 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Evapotranspiration processes KW - Evaporation KW - Evapotranspiration KW - Water Table KW - Model Studies KW - Soil Surfaces KW - Flood plains KW - Water Depth KW - Groundwater KW - Groundwater Recharge KW - Fluctuations KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0830:Evaporation and transpiration KW - M2 556.16:Runoff (556.16) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20262535?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water&rft.atitle=Using+MODFLOW+2000+to+Model+ET+and+Recharge+for+Shallow+Ground+Water+Problems&rft.au=Doble%2C+Rebecca+C%3BSimmons%2C+Craig+T%3BWalker%2C+Glen+R&rft.aulast=Doble&rft.aufirst=Rebecca&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=&rft.spage=129&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1745-6584.2008.00465.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Flood plains; Evapotranspiration processes; Evaporation; Evapotranspiration; Water Depth; Water Table; Groundwater; Fluctuations; Groundwater Recharge; Soil Surfaces; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2008.00465.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multiple MyD88-dependent responses contribute to pulmonary clearance of Legionella pneumophila AN - 20262113; 8906444 AB - SummaryMyD88-dependent signalling is important for secretion of early inflammatory cytokines and host protection in response to Legionella pneumophila infection. Although toll-like receptor (TLR)2 contributes to MyD88-dependent clearance of L.pneumophila, TLR-independent functions of MyD88 could also be important. To determine why MyD88 is critical for host protection to L.pneumophila, the contribution of multiple TLRs and IL-18 receptor (IL-18R)-dependent interferon-gamma (IFN-g) production in a mouse was examined. Mice deficient for TLR5 or TLR9, or deficient for TLR2 along with either TLR5 or TLR9, were competent for controlling bacterial replication and had no apparent defects in cytokine production compared with control mice. MyD88-dependent production of IFN-g in the lung was mediated primarily by natural killer cells and required IL-18R signalling. Reducing IFN-g levels did not greatly affect the kinetics of L.pneumophila replication or clearance in infected mice. Additionally, IFN-g-deficient mice did not have a susceptibility phenotype as severe as the MyD88-deficient mice and were able to control a pulmonary infection by L.pneumophila. Thus, MyD88-dependent innate immune responses induced by L.pneumophila involve both TLR-dependent responses and IL-18R-dependent production of IFN-g by natural killer cells, and these MyD88-dependent pathways can function independently to provide host protection against an intracellular pathogen. JF - Cellular Microbiology AU - Archer, Kristina A AU - Alexopoulou, Lena AU - Flavell, Richard A AU - Roy, Craig R AD - 1Section of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine, Boyer Center for Molecular Medicine, 295 Congress Avenue, New Haven, CT 06536, USA. Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 21 EP - 36 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road VL - 11 SN - 1462-5814, 1462-5814 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Legionella pneumophila KW - Interleukin 18 receptors KW - g-Interferon KW - MyD88 protein KW - Replication KW - TLR9 protein KW - TLR2 protein KW - Natural killer cells KW - Pathogens KW - Infection KW - Inflammation KW - TLR5 protein KW - Lung KW - Kinetics KW - Immune response KW - Toll-like receptors KW - Signal transduction KW - A 01340:Antibiotics & Antimicrobials KW - J 02350:Immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20262113?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cellular+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Multiple+MyD88-dependent+responses+contribute+to+pulmonary+clearance+of+Legionella+pneumophila&rft.au=Archer%2C+Kristina+A%3BAlexopoulou%2C+Lena%3BFlavell%2C+Richard+A%3BRoy%2C+Craig+R&rft.aulast=Archer&rft.aufirst=Kristina&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cellular+Microbiology&rft.issn=14625814&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.futures.2007.03.017 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Interleukin 18 receptors; g-Interferon; Replication; MyD88 protein; TLR9 protein; TLR2 protein; Natural killer cells; Pathogens; Infection; Inflammation; TLR5 protein; Lung; Kinetics; Immune response; Toll-like receptors; Signal transduction; Legionella pneumophila DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-5822.2008.01234.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Intrauterine Exposure to Environmental Pollutants and Body Mass Index during the First 3 Years of Life AN - 20262091; 8892370 AB - OBJECTIVE: We investigated the association between body mass index (BMI) standard deviation score (SDS) and prenatal exposure to hexachlorobenzene, dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), dioxin-like compounds, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). METHODS: In this prospective birth cohort study, we assessed a random sample of mother-infant pairs (n = 138) living in Flanders, Belgium, with follow-up until the children were 3 years of age. We measured body mass index as standard deviation scores (BMI SDS) of children 1-3 years of age as well as pollutants measured in cord blood. RESULTS: DDE correlated with BMI SDS, with effect modification by maternal smoking and the child's age. At 1 year, children of smoking mothers had higher BMI SDS than did children of nonsmoking mothers. At 3 years, this difference was reduced because of the faster rate of decline in BMI SDS in the former group. This relationship held except for children with high levels of DDE. DDE had a small effect on BMI SDS at 3 years of age in children of nonsmoking mothers (difference in BMI SDS for DDE concentrations between the 90th and 10th percentiles = 0.13). On the other hand, smoking enhanced the relation between DDE and BMI SDS at 3 years (difference in BMI SDS for DDE concentrations between the 90th and 10th percentiles = 0.76). Increasing concentrations of PCBs were associated with higher BMI SDS values at all ages (parameter estimate = 0.003 c 0.001; p = 0.03). CONCLUSION: In this study we demonstrated that intrauterine exposure to DDE and PCBs is associated with BMI during early childhood. Future studies are warranted to confirm our findings and to assess possible mechanisms by which these pollutants could alter energy metabolism. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Verhulst, S L AU - Nelen, V AU - Hond, ED AU - Koppen, G AU - Beunckens, C AU - Vael, C AU - Schoeters, G AU - Desager, K AD - University of Antwerp, Department of Pediatrics, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium, stijn.verhulst@ua.ac.be Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 122 EP - 126 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 117 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Physical Education Index; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Measurement KW - Age KW - Body mass KW - DDE KW - Children KW - Dioxins KW - Belgium, Flanders KW - Smoking KW - Blood KW - prenatal experience KW - Insecticides KW - Nitrous oxide KW - body mass KW - Belgium KW - Ethics KW - PCB compounds KW - environmental ethics KW - Metabolism KW - Hexachlorobenzene KW - PE 090:Sports Medicine & Exercise Sport Science KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20262091?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aphysicaleducation&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Intrauterine+Exposure+to+Environmental+Pollutants+and+Body+Mass+Index+during+the+First+3+Years+of+Life&rft.au=Verhulst%2C+S+L%3BNelen%2C+V%3BHond%2C+ED%3BKoppen%2C+G%3BBeunckens%2C+C%3BVael%2C+C%3BSchoeters%2C+G%3BDesager%2C+K&rft.aulast=Verhulst&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=122&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/10.1289%2Fehp.0800003 LA - English DB - Physical Education Index; ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Blood; Measurement; Smoking; Age; Ethics; Body mass; Children; Metabolism; DDE; Dioxins; prenatal experience; Insecticides; Nitrous oxide; body mass; PCB compounds; environmental ethics; Hexachlorobenzene; Belgium, Flanders; Belgium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0800003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - PCBs Make Their Mark: Review Pinpoints Cognitive Profile of Prenatal Exposure AN - 20262055; 8892349 AB - Prenatal exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) impairs cognitive development in infants and children, according to numerous studies of these ubiquitous environmental pollutants. Studies of PCB damage have considered many different end points, but the results of these different studies have never been coordinated to pinpoint the neuropsychologic functions most likely to be damaged by prenatal exposure to PCBs. However, a review of longitudinal birth cohort studies in the medical literature reveals that impairment of executive functions--high-order brain processes responsible for planning, flexible thinking, abstract reasoning, problem solving, and inhibition of inappropriate actions--most consistently reflects prenatal PCB exposure [EHP 117:7-16; Boucher et al.]. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Potera, C Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 1 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 117 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - Prenatal experience KW - Brain KW - Children KW - prenatal experience KW - cognitive ability KW - polychlorinated biphenyls KW - Pollutants KW - Cognitive ability KW - Reviews KW - Ethics KW - Problem solving KW - PCB compounds KW - environmental ethics KW - PCB KW - Infants KW - N3 11001:Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience KW - X 24360:Metals KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20262055?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=PCBs+Make+Their+Mark%3A+Review+Pinpoints+Cognitive+Profile+of+Prenatal+Exposure&rft.au=Potera%2C+C&rft.aulast=Potera&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=A32&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - polychlorinated biphenyls; Prenatal experience; Pollutants; Cognitive ability; Ethics; Reviews; Brain; Problem solving; Children; PCB; Infants; prenatal experience; cognitive ability; PCB compounds; environmental ethics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Infectious disease: WNV Thrives in Financial Crisis AN - 20262028; 8892343 AB - Criminal, civil, and journalistic investigators "follow the money" to identify the culprit of a crime. Public health detectives sometimes follow suit, since income is a well-known indicator of relative healthiness. In a new twist on this association, the worldwide financial crisis appears to be affecting human health in some settings, according to a team of researchers reporting in the November 2008 issue of Emerging Infectious Diseases. They studied home foreclosure and West Nile virus (WNV) incidence in the Bakersfield, California, area for 2006 and 2007 and found a parallel rise in both. Notices of delinquency rose 300%, soaring from 500 in the middle of 2006 to 1,500 in the middle of 2007. In the same period, documented human WNV cases rose 276%, peaking at 140. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Weinhoid, B Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 1 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 117 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Infectious diseases KW - delinquency KW - crime KW - income KW - Ethics KW - USA, California KW - West Nile virus KW - Public health KW - V 22400:Human Diseases KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20262028?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Infectious+disease%3A+WNV+Thrives+in+Financial+Crisis&rft.au=Weinhoid%2C+B&rft.aulast=Weinhoid&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=A18&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Infectious diseases; Ethics; Public health; delinquency; income; crime; West Nile virus; USA, California ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Air Pollution and Childhood Respiratory Allergies in the United States AN - 20258767; 8892373 AB - BACKGROUND: Childhood respiratory allergies, which contribute to missed school days and other activity limitations, have increased in recent years, possibly due to environmental factors. OJECTIVE: In this study we examined whether air pollutants are associated with childhood respiratory allergies in the United States. METHODS: For the approximately 70,000 children from the 1999-2005 National Health Interview Survey eligible for this study, we assigned between 40,000 and 60,000 ambient pollution monitoring data from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, depending on the pollutant. We used monitors within 20 miles of the child's residential block group. We used logistic regression models, fit with methods for complex surveys, to examine the associations between the reporting of respiratory allergy or hay fever and annual average exposure to particulate matter , 2.5 km in diameter (PM2.5), PM , 10 km in diameter, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen dioxide and summer exposure to ozone, controlling for demographic and geographic factors. RESULTS: Increased respiratory allergy/hay fever was associated with increased summer O sub(3) levels [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) per 10 ppb = 1.20; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.15-1.26] and increased PM sub(25) (AOR per 10 kg/m super(3) = 1.23; 95% CI, 1.10-1.38). These associations persisted after stratification by urban-rural status, inclusion of multiple pollutants, and definition of exposures by differing exposure radii. No associations between the other pollutants and the reporting respiratory allergy/hay fever were apparent. CONCLUSIONS: These results provide evidence of adverse health for children living in areas with chronic exposure to higher levels of O sub(3) and PM sub(2.5) compared with children with lower exposures. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Parker, J D AU - Akinbami, L J AU - Woodruff, T J AD - Office of Analysis and Epidemiology, National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 3311 Toledo Rd., Room 6107, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA, jdparker@cdc.gov Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 140 EP - 147 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 117 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Particle size KW - demography KW - environmental factors KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Stratification KW - Particulates KW - Children KW - Allergies KW - Pollution surveys KW - Nitrogen dioxide KW - Air pollution KW - EPA KW - USA KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - schools KW - hay fever KW - summer KW - environmental ethics KW - Urban areas KW - Ozone KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20258767?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Air+Pollution+and+Childhood+Respiratory+Allergies+in+the+United+States&rft.au=Parker%2C+J+D%3BAkinbami%2C+L+J%3BWoodruff%2C+T+J&rft.aulast=Parker&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=140&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/10.1289%2Fehp.11497 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - demography; Particle size; Pollution monitoring; environmental factors; Particulates; Stratification; Children; Pollution surveys; Allergies; Air pollution; Nitrogen dioxide; EPA; Sulfur dioxide; schools; hay fever; summer; environmental ethics; Ozone; Urban areas; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.11497 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Adult Women's Blood Mercury Concentrations Vary Regionally in the United States: Association with Patterns of Fish Consumption (NHANES 1999-2004) AN - 20258739; 8892358 AB - Background: The current, continuous National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) has included blood mercury (BHg) and fish/shellfish consumption since it began in 1999. NHANES 1999-2004 data form the basis for these analyses. Objectives: This study was designed to determine BHg distributions within U.S. Census regions and within coastal and noncoastal areas among women of childbearing age, their association with patterns of fish consumption, and changes from 1999 through 2004. Methods: We performed univariate and bivariate analyses to determine the distribution of BHg and fish consumption in the population and to investigate differences by geography, race/ethnicity, and income. We used multivariate analysis (regression) to determine the strongest predictors of BHg among geography, demographic factors, and fish consumption. Results: Elevated BHg occurred more commonly among women of childbearing age living in coastal areas of the United States (approximately one in six women). Regionally, exposures differ across the United States: Northeast > South and West > Midwest. Asian women and women with higher income ate more fish and had higher BHg. Time-trend analyses identified reduced BHg and reduced intake of Hg in the upper percentiles without an overall reduction of fish consumption. Conclusions: BHg is associated with income, ethnicity, residence (census region and coastal proximity). From 1999 through 2004, BHg decreased without a concomitant decrease in fish consumption. Data are consistent with a shift over this time period in fish species in women's diets. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Mahaffey, K R AU - Clickner, R P AU - Jeffries, R A AD - RW 3514, Westat, 1650 Research Blvd., Rockville, MD 20850 USA, KathrynMahaffey@westat.com Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 47 EP - 53 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 117 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Environment Abstracts KW - demography KW - Age KW - Human diseases KW - Pollution effects KW - Income Distribution KW - Nutrition KW - Toxicity tests KW - Income KW - Pisces KW - Fish consumption KW - Ethics KW - income KW - Seafood KW - Geography KW - Ethnic groups KW - Diets KW - census KW - Subpopulations KW - Blood KW - USA KW - Coastal zone KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Mercury KW - Shellfish KW - Fish KW - Females KW - environmental ethics KW - Fishery products KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20258739?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Adult+Women%27s+Blood+Mercury+Concentrations+Vary+Regionally+in+the+United+States%3A+Association+with+Patterns+of+Fish+Consumption+%28NHANES+1999-2004%29&rft.au=Mahaffey%2C+K+R%3BClickner%2C+R+P%3BJeffries%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Mahaffey&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=47&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/10.1289%2Fehp.11674 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-05-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Blood; Human diseases; Fish consumption; Subpopulations; Mercury; Pollution effects; Toxicity tests; Fishery products; census; Diets; demography; Age; Nutrition; Coastal zone; income; Fish; Shellfish; Seafood; Females; Geography; Ethnic groups; environmental ethics; Bioaccumulation; Ethics; Water Pollution Effects; Income Distribution; Income; Pisces; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.11674 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Programmed Obesity?: Study links Intrauterine Exposures to Higher BMI in Toddlers AN - 20258705; 8892351 AB - To date, there have been relatively few epidemiologic studies investigating the association between intrauterine exposure to chemicals and body mass index (BMI, which characterizes weight in relation to height). Now a prospective birth cohort study in Flanders, Belgium, reveals an association between prenatal exposure to environmental pollutants and elevated BMI during the first three years of life [EHP 117:122-126; Verhulst et al.]. The study also found associations between exposures and birth weight and length. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Mead, M N Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 1 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 117 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Physical Education Index; Environment Abstracts KW - Chemicals KW - Obesity KW - Programs KW - Body mass KW - obesity KW - Height KW - Children KW - Belgium, Flanders KW - prenatal experience KW - Weight KW - body mass KW - Belgium KW - Ethics KW - birth weight KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety KW - PE 120:Sport: Psychology, Sociology & History UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20258705?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aphysicaleducation&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Programmed+Obesity%3F%3A+Study+links+Intrauterine+Exposures+to+Higher+BMI+in+Toddlers&rft.au=Mead%2C+M+N&rft.aulast=Mead&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=A33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Physical Education Index; ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Obesity; Programs; Weight; Ethics; Body mass; Height; Children; Chemicals; prenatal experience; body mass; obesity; birth weight; Belgium, Flanders; Belgium ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aging: Environmental Threats to Elders' Neurologic Health AN - 20258673; 8892342 AB - Age-related chronic diseases will put unprecedented stress on U.S. society with a near-doubling of the number of people aged 65 years and older by 2030, according to the U.S. Administration on Aging. These diseases are also complex. An October 2008 report, Environmental Threats to Healthy Aging: With a Closer Look at Alzheimer's & Parkinsons Diseases, now describes in greater detail how a lifetime of environmental fee-tors from conception onward shapes our health in our later years. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Barrett, J R Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 1 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 117 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - Age KW - Parkinson's disease KW - Aging KW - Alzheimer's disease KW - Stress KW - Public health KW - Neurodegenerative diseases KW - Movement disorders KW - Ethics KW - elderly KW - aging KW - N3 11027:Neurology & neuropathology KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20258673?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Aging%3A+Environmental+Threats+to+Elders%27+Neurologic+Health&rft.au=Barrett%2C+J+R&rft.aulast=Barrett&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=A17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Neurodegenerative diseases; Age; Movement disorders; Ethics; Parkinson's disease; Alzheimer's disease; Aging; Stress; elderly; Public health; aging ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cord Blood Mercury and Early Child Development: Effects of the World Trade Center AN - 20258642; 8892338 AB - Lederman et al. (2008) assessed Psychomotor Development Index (PDI) and Verbal and Full Intelligence Quotient Scores (VFIQS) (at 36 months of age for PDI and 48 months for VFIQS) as a function of prenatal mercury exposure (corrected for maternal fish intake during pregnancy) resulting from potential exposure after the World Trade Center (WTC) disaster. This timely and interesting study took into consideration maternal variables known to influence cord Hg (possibly reflecting fish consumption) and also controlled for most of the known maternal characteristics that could affect neuro-developmental outcomes. However, two of the most important variables in die context of infant exposure and neurodevelopment were left out of the model: early (pregnancy and postnatal) thimerosal-Hg exposure and the mode of feeding (Dorea 2007). JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Dorea, J G AD - Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidade de Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil, dorea@rudah.com.br Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 1 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 117 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Age KW - Trade KW - feeding KW - Disasters KW - Pollution effects KW - Toxicity tests KW - Pregnancy KW - Public health KW - Pisces KW - prenatal experience KW - Fish consumption KW - Mercury KW - Fish KW - Seafood KW - Infants KW - intelligence KW - Fishery products KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20258642?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Cord+Blood+Mercury+and+Early+Child+Development%3A+Effects+of+the+World+Trade+Center&rft.au=Dorea%2C+J+G&rft.aulast=Dorea&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=A14&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/10.1289%2Fehp.0800155 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-05-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Trade; Fish consumption; Mercury; Pollution effects; Toxicity tests; Public health; Fishery products; Pregnancy; Age; prenatal experience; Disasters; feeding; Fish; Seafood; intelligence; Infants; Pisces DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0800155 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Gamete Gamble: Phthalate Alters Germ Cell Development AN - 20258136; 8892350 AB - Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), one of the most abundant phthalates produced, has been incorporated into flexible plastic products such as food containers and packaging, toys, medical equipment, and home and garden products. DEHP is being phased out of some products because of growing concern about its potential health effects. A French team has now established the first tangible link between one phthalate, the DEHP metabolite mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP), and altered human germ cell development [EHP 117:32-37; Lambrot et aL]. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Welnhold, B Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 1 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 117 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - phthalates KW - Containers KW - Consumer products KW - medical equipment KW - Metabolites KW - Public health KW - Packaging KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20258136?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Gamete+Gamble%3A+Phthalate+Alters+Germ+Cell+Development&rft.au=Welnhold%2C+B&rft.aulast=Welnhold&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=A33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Containers; phthalates; Consumer products; medical equipment; Metabolites; Packaging; Public health ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Shortened Time to Identify Staphylococcus Species from Blood Cultures and Methicillin Resistance Testing Using CHROMAgar AN - 20068452; 9320498 AB - The ability to rapidly differentiate coagulase-negative staphylococcus (CoNS) from Staphylococcus aureus and to determine methicillin resistance is important as it affects the decision to treat empiric antibiotic selection. The objective of this study was to evaluate CHROMagar S. aureus and CHROMagar MRSA (Becton Dickinson) for rapid identification of Staphylococcus spp. directly from blood cultures. Consecutive blood culture bottles (BacT Alert 3D SA and SN, bioMerieux) growing gram-positive cocci in clusters were evaluated. An aliquot was plated onto CHROMagar MRSA (C-MRSA) and CHROMagar S. aureus (C-SA) plates, which were read at 12 to 16 hours. C-SA correctly identified 147/147 S. aureus (100% sensitivity); 2 CoNS were misidentified as S. aureus (98% specificity). C-MRSA correctly identified 74/77 MRSA (96% sensitivity). None of the MSSA isolates grew on C-MRSA (100% specificity). In conclusion, CHROMagar is a rapid and sensitive method to distinguish MRSA, MSSA, and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus and may decrease time of reporting positive results. JF - International Journal of Microbiology AU - Chihara, Shingo AU - Hayden, Mary K AU - Minogue-Corbett, Eileen AU - Singh, Kamaljit AD - Department of Medicine Section of Infectious Diseases Rush University Medical Center 1653 W. Congress Parkway Chicago, IL 60612, shingo_chihara@rush.edu Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 PB - Hindawi Publishing Corp. VL - 2009 SN - 1687-918X, 1687-918X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20068452?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Shortened+Time+to+Identify+Staphylococcus+Species+from+Blood+Cultures+and+Methicillin+Resistance+Testing+Using+CHROMAgar&rft.au=Chihara%2C+Shingo%3BHayden%2C+Mary+K%3BMinogue-Corbett%2C+Eileen%3BSingh%2C+Kamaljit&rft.aulast=Chihara&rft.aufirst=Shingo&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=2009&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Microbiology&rft.issn=1687918X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1155%2F2009%2F636502 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/636502 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Viewpoint: CO2 emissions from electricity generation in seven Asia-Pacific and North American countries: A decomposition analysis AN - 19702101; 9062887 AB - The Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) method of complete decomposition is used to examine the role of three factors (electricity production, electricity generation structure and energy intensity of electricity generation) affecting the evolution of CO2 emissions from electricity generation in seven countries. These seven countries together generated 58% of global electricity and they are responsible for more than two-thirds of global CO2 emissions from electricity generation in 2005. The analysis shows production effect as the major factor responsible for rise in CO2 emissions during the period 1990 -2005. The generation structure effect also contributed in CO2 emissions increase, although at a slower rate. In contrary, the energy intensity effect is responsible for modest reduction in CO2 emissions during this period. Over the 2005 -2030 period, production effect remains the key factor responsible for increase in emissions and energy intensity effect is responsible for decrease in emissions. Unlike in the past, generation structure effect contributes significant decrease in emissions. However, the degree of influence of these factors affecting changes in CO2 emissions vary from country to country. The analysis also shows that there is a potential of efficiency improvement of fossil-fuel-fired power plants and its associated co-benefits among these countries. JF - Energy Policy AU - Malla, Sunil AD - Technology Consultancy Services, GPO Box 13288, Kalika Marg, Kathmandu, Nepal, malla.sunil@gmail.com Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 1 EP - 9 PB - Elsevier Science, Box 882 New York NY 10159 USA, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com] VL - 37 IS - 1 SN - 0301-4215, 0301-4215 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - North America KW - Fossil fuels KW - Decomposition KW - energy policy KW - Electric power generation KW - Emissions KW - Power plants KW - Carbon dioxide KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19702101?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+Policy&rft.atitle=Viewpoint%3A+CO2+emissions+from+electricity+generation+in+seven+Asia-Pacific+and+North+American+countries%3A+A+decomposition+analysis&rft.au=Malla%2C+Sunil&rft.aulast=Malla&rft.aufirst=Sunil&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+Policy&rft.issn=03014215&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.enpol.2008.08.010 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fossil fuels; energy policy; Electric power generation; Power plants; Emissions; Carbon dioxide; Decomposition; North America DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2008.08.010 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The significance of termites as decomposers in contrasting grassland communities of semi-arid eastern Australia AN - 19663591; 8851633 AB - Decomposition of various litter forms including dead tussocks of two native perennial grasses, woollybutt (Eragrostis eriopoda) and mulga mitchell (Thyridolepis mitchelliana), as well as roots of woollybutt, dung of sheep and kangaroo, and bleached toilet rolls, was studied in contrasting grazing exclosures, half of which had termites excluded by biocide (termiticide) treatment. Dead mulga mitchell tussocks decayed more rapidly than woollybutt tussocks during the first 17months post mortem. Thereafter, rate of decay differed little between species. After 3years, only small amounts of tussock residues of either species remained and only then did the impact of biocide treatment become significant. Decomposition of kangaroo pellets was typically bimodal with significantly higher decomposition recorded in the controls (no biocide) up to 40months after treatment, and many intact pellets remaining in the biocide-treated plots. While decomposition of sheep pellets showed similar bimodality, decomposition remained significantly lower in the biocide treatments for the entire duration of the experiment. Results suggest that abiotic processes, including those induced by UV radiation, may be dominant influences mediating decomposition of litter in these semi-arid ecosystems, especially following high-rainfall seasons when abundant grass biomass has been generated providing a surfeit of potential forage for harvester termites. JF - Journal of Arid Environments AU - Noble, J C AU - Muller, W J AU - Whitford, W G AU - Pfitzner, G H AD - GPO Box 284, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia, jim.c.noble@gmail.com Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 113 EP - 119 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 73 IS - 1 SN - 0140-1963, 0140-1963 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - Grasslands KW - Litter KW - Grasses KW - Grazing KW - Arid environments KW - Eragrostis KW - Biocides KW - Decay KW - Decomposition KW - Isoptera KW - Z 05340:Ecology and Behavior KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19663591?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Arid+Environments&rft.atitle=The+significance+of+termites+as+decomposers+in+contrasting+grassland+communities+of+semi-arid+eastern+Australia&rft.au=Noble%2C+J+C%3BMuller%2C+W+J%3BWhitford%2C+W+G%3BPfitzner%2C+G+H&rft.aulast=Noble&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=113&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Arid+Environments&rft.issn=01401963&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jaridenv.2008.08.004 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Grasslands; Litter; Grazing; Grasses; Arid environments; Decay; Biocides; Decomposition; Eragrostis; Isoptera DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2008.08.004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of odour emission rates measured from various sources using two sampling devices AN - 19637205; 8769451 AB - Two commonly used sampling devices (a wind tunnel and the US EPA dynamic emission chamber), were used to collect paired samples of odorous air from a number of agricultural odour sources. The odour samples were assessed using triangular, forced-choice dynamic olfactometry. The odour concentration data was combined with the flushing rate data to calculate odour emission rates for both devices on all sources. Odour concentrations were consistently higher in samples collected with a flux chamber (ratio ranging from 10:7 to 5:1, relative to wind tunnel samples), whereas odour emission rates were consistently larger when derived from wind tunnels (ratio ranging from 60:1 to 240:1, relative to flux chamber values). A complex relationship existed between emission rate estimates derived from each device, apparently influenced by the nature of the emitting surface. These results have great significance for users of odour dispersion models, for which an odour emission rate is a key input parameter. JF - Bioresource Technology AU - Hudson, N AU - Ayoko, G A AU - Dunlop, M AU - Duperouzel, D AU - Burrell, D AU - Bell, K AU - Gallagher, E AU - Nicholas, P AU - Heinrich, N AD - International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, GPO 2434, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia, n.hudson@niwa.co.nz Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 118 EP - 124 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 100 IS - 1 SN - 0960-8524, 0960-8524 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Chemoreception Abstracts KW - Odour KW - Emission rate KW - Sampling KW - Device KW - EPA KW - Data processing KW - Emissions KW - Odor KW - Olfactometers KW - Odors KW - Models KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - R 18000:Olfaction UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19637205?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioresource+Technology&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+odour+emission+rates+measured+from+various+sources+using+two+sampling+devices&rft.au=Hudson%2C+N%3BAyoko%2C+G+A%3BDunlop%2C+M%3BDuperouzel%2C+D%3BBurrell%2C+D%3BBell%2C+K%3BGallagher%2C+E%3BNicholas%2C+P%3BHeinrich%2C+N&rft.aulast=Hudson&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=100&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=118&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioresource+Technology&rft.issn=09608524&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biortech.2008.05.043 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data processing; Olfactometers; Odor; Sampling; Models; EPA; Emissions; Odors DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2008.05.043 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The fractal nature of French tense/aspect acquisition AN - 1430172021; 201313317 AB - This article builds upon previous studies that contrast the Lexical Aspect Hypothesis (LAH) and the Discourse Hypothesis (DH) in order to establish principles of tense-aspect morphology acquisition. Whereas the LAH predicts that (beginning) language learners use verbal morphology to mark situation types (cf. Vendler 1967), the DH maintains that learners use verbal morphology to mark discursive features. I argue that both hypotheses lack sufficient theoretical/empirical evidence to rule out the possibility that verbal morphology is also sensitive to temporal deixis, especially given the widely-attested usage of the present tense in L2 past-time narratives. Therefore, the current study seeks to replicate Salaberry (2011) without controlling for tense. Twenty-eight learners of French as a second language judged the acceptability of various verbal inflections in a cloze narrative task and then engaged in a retrospective protocol. The results were submitted to a repeated measures ANOVA, which revealed a significant interaction among morphology, lexical aspect and discursive environment that are not envisioned by either the LAH or the DH. Moreover, the systematic (and not random or 'default') use of the present tense lends support to a fractal model of French morphology acquisition in which learners 'soft assemble' their (inter)language with the resources at hand. Adapted from the source document JF - Journal of Applied Linguistics AU - Lyle, Cory AD - St Edward's University, 3001 South Congress Avenue, Austin, TX, USA coryjlyle@gmail.com Y1 - 2009///0, PY - 2009 DA - 0, 2009 SP - 45 EP - 67 VL - 6 IS - 1 SN - 1479-7887, 1479-7887 KW - Second Language Learning Theories (75860) KW - French as a Second Language Learning (25840) KW - Tense (88500) KW - French (25750) KW - Aktionsart (01380) KW - Morphological Processing (55440) KW - article KW - 4113: applied linguistics; non-native language learning (languages other than English) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1430172021?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Allba&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Linguistics&rft.atitle=The+fractal+nature+of+French+tense%2Faspect+acquisition&rft.au=Lyle%2C+Cory&rft.aulast=Lyle&rft.aufirst=Cory&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=45&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Linguistics&rft.issn=14797887&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Linguistics and Language Behavior Abstracts (LLBA) N1 - Date revised - 2013-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aktionsart (01380); Tense (88500); French (25750); French as a Second Language Learning (25840); Morphological Processing (55440); Second Language Learning Theories (75860) ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The north east Italy (NI) broadband seismic network run by OGS; experience in improving the long period performances AN - 1151916639; 2012-097078 JF - Geophysical Research Abstracts AU - Pesaresi, D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - EGU2009 EP - 10763 PB - Copernicus GmbH on behalf of the European Geosciences Union (EGU), Katlenburg-Lindau VL - 11 SN - 1029-7006, 1029-7006 KW - GEOFON KW - Italian National Institute for Geophysics and Volcanology KW - seismology KW - data processing KW - accelerometers KW - Antelope computer program KW - Europe KW - waveforms KW - seismographs KW - northeastern Italy KW - Italy KW - Southern Europe KW - computer programs KW - seismic networks KW - earthquakes KW - instruments KW - digital broadband stations KW - National Institute of Oceanography and Experimental Geophysics KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1151916639?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Abstracts&rft.atitle=The+north+east+Italy+%28NI%29+broadband+seismic+network+run+by+OGS%3B+experience+in+improving+the+long+period+performances&rft.au=Pesaresi%2C+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pesaresi&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Abstracts&rft.issn=10297006&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.copernicus.org/EGU/gra/gra.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - European Geosciences Union general assembly 2009 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-11-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accelerometers; Antelope computer program; computer programs; data processing; digital broadband stations; earthquakes; Europe; GEOFON; instruments; Italian National Institute for Geophysics and Volcanology; Italy; National Institute of Oceanography and Experimental Geophysics; northeastern Italy; seismic networks; seismographs; seismology; Southern Europe; waveforms ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Nuclear Weapons in U.S. National Security Policy: Past, Present, and Prospects AN - 58820743; 2008-256329 AB - The Bush Administration has outlined a strategy of "tailored deterrence" to define the role that nuclear weapons play in US national security policy. There has been little discussion of this concept, either in Congress or in the public at large, and this leaves unanswered questions about how this strategy differs from US nuclear strategy during the Cold War and how it might advise decisions about the size and structure of the US nuclear arsenal. JF - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 30 2008, 21 pp. AU - Woolf, Amy F Y1 - 2008/12/30/ PY - 2008 DA - 2008 Dec 30 PB - Congressional Research Reports for the People KW - Military and defense policy - Military equipment and weapons KW - Military and defense policy - National defense KW - United States KW - Atomic weapons KW - Bush, George W. KW - Arsenals KW - National defense KW - book UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58820743?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+Source-Specific+Air+Pollution+Exposure+for+a+Large+Population-Based+Swiss+Cohort+%28SAPALDIA%29&rft.au=Liu%2C+L-JSally%3BCurjuric%2C+Ivan%3BKeidel%2C+Dirk%3BHeldstab%2C+Jurg%3BKunzli%2C+Nino%3BBayer-Oglesby%2C+Lucy%3BAckermann-Liebrich%2C+Ursula&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=L-JSally&rft.date=2007-11-01&rft.volume=115&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1638&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL34226_20081230.pdf LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-04 N1 - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2008 N1 - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RL34226 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Iraq: U.S. Casualties AN - 58806360; 2008-256178 AB - The following casualty data was compiled by the Department of Defense (DOD), as tallied from the agency's press releases. It provides statistics on fatalities during Operation Iraqi Freedom, which began on March 19, 2003, and is ongoing, as well as on the number of fatalities since May 1, 2003, plus statistics on those wounded, but not killed, since March 19, 2003. JF - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 29 2008, 2 pp. AU - Chesser, Susan G Y1 - 2008/12/29/ PY - 2008 DA - 2008 Dec 29 PB - Congressional Research Reports for the People KW - Education and education policy - Statistics, research, research methods, and research support KW - Military and defense policy - Military personnel and veterans KW - Statistics KW - Casualties KW - Iraq KW - United States Defense department KW - Armed forces KW - book UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58806360?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Chesser%2C+Susan+G&rft.aulast=Chesser&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2008-12-29&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Iraq%3A+U.S.+Casualties&rft.title=Iraq%3A+U.S.+Casualties&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RS21578_20081229.pdf LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-21 N1 - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2008 N1 - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RS21578 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The President's Office of Science and Technology Policy: Issues for Congress AN - 58797672; 2008-256148 AB - Congress established the Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) through the National Science and Technology Policy, Organization, and Priorities Act of 1976 (P.L. 94-282). The OSTP Director provides, within the Executive Office of the President [EOP], advice on the scientific, engineering, and technological aspects of issues that require federal attention; and the Office provides scientific and technological analysis and judgment for the President with respect to major policies, plans, and programs. Tables, Figures, Appendixes. JF - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 24 2008, 36 pp. AU - Stine, Deborah D Y1 - 2008/12/24/ PY - 2008 DA - 2008 Dec 24 PB - Congressional Research Reports for the People KW - Government - Public officials KW - United States KW - Technology policy KW - Presidents KW - Science policy KW - book UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58797672?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Stine%2C+Deborah+D&rft.aulast=Stine&rft.aufirst=Deborah&rft.date=2008-12-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+President%27s+Office+of+Science+and+Technology+Policy%3A+Issues+for+Congress&rft.title=The+President%27s+Office+of+Science+and+Technology+Policy%3A+Issues+for+Congress&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL34736_20081224.pdf LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-21 N1 - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2008 N1 - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RL34736 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Assistance to North Korea AN - 58787685; 2008-256156 AB - Since 1995, the US has provided North Korea with over 1.2 billion dollars in assistance, about 60% of which has paid for food aid and about 40% for energy assistance, but US aid fell significantly in the mid-2000s, bottoming out at zero in 2006. The Bush Administration resumed energy aid in the fall of 2007, after progress was made in the Six-Party Talks over North Korea's nuclear program, but Pyongyang has resisted taking the steps that would help the country distribute food more equitably and has restricted monitoring activities -- possibly diverting food for resale in private markets or other uses. Tables, Figures. JF - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 24 2008, 15 pp. AU - Manyin, Mark E AU - Nikitin, Mary Beth Y1 - 2008/12/24/ PY - 2008 DA - 2008 Dec 24 PB - Congressional Research Reports for the People KW - Health conditions and policy - Food and nutrition KW - International relations - International relief and humanitarian assistance KW - Business and service sector - Markets, marketing, and merchandising KW - United States KW - Food KW - Economic assistance KW - North Korea KW - Markets KW - book UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58787685?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Nanosize+Titanium+Dioxide+Stimulates+Reactive+Oxygen+Species+in+Brain+Microglia+and+Damages+Neurons+in+Vitro&rft.au=Long%2C+Thomas+C%3BTajuba%2C+Julianne%3BSama%2C+Preethi%3BSaleh%2C+Navid%3BSwartz%2C+Carol%3BParker%2C+Joel%3BHester%2C+Susan&rft.aulast=Long&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2007-11-01&rft.volume=115&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1631&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40095_20081224.pdf LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-21 N1 - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2008 N1 - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code R40095 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Veterans Benefits: Merchant Seamen AN - 58817269; 2008-256326 AB - Seamen of the US merchant marine contributed to the World War II effort through the transportation of goods, materials, and personnel to the various theaters of war; however, they were civilians and not members of the US Armed Forces and did not receive the benefits granted to members of the US Armed Forces. This report provides a brief overview of seamen of the US merchant marine (merchant seamen or merchant mariners) and World War II, post-war efforts for benefits for merchant seamen, the efforts by merchant seamen for recognition under P.L. 95-202, and legislation introduced in the 110th Congress. JF - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 23 2008, 11 pp. AU - Scott, Christine AU - Weimer, Douglas Reid Y1 - 2008/12/23/ PY - 2008 DA - 2008 Dec 23 PB - Congressional Research Reports for the People KW - Military and defense policy - Military personnel and veterans KW - Business and service sector - Retail business KW - Transportation and transportation policy - Maritime and inland water transport KW - United States KW - Veterans KW - Merchants KW - Benefits KW - Seamen KW - book UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58817269?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Scott%2C+Christine%3BWeimer%2C+Douglas+Reid&rft.aulast=Scott&rft.aufirst=Christine&rft.date=2008-12-23&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Veterans+Benefits%3A+Merchant+Seamen&rft.title=Veterans+Benefits%3A+Merchant+Seamen&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL33992_20081223.pdf LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-04 N1 - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2008 N1 - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RL33992 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - A U.S.-centric Chronology of the International Climate Change Negotiations AN - 58805429; 2008-256181 AB - Under the "Bali Action Plan," countries around the globe are endeavoring to reach agreement by the end of 2009 on effective, feasible, and fair actions beyond 2012 to address risks of climate change driven by human-related emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG). This document provides a US-centric chronology of the international policy negotiations to address climate change. JF - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 23 2008, 8 pp. AU - Leggett, Jane A Y1 - 2008/12/23/ PY - 2008 DA - 2008 Dec 23 PB - Congressional Research Reports for the People KW - Environment and environmental policy - Weather, climate, and natural disasters KW - International relations - Diplomacy KW - Administration of justice - Legal procedure KW - International relations - International relations KW - Social conditions and policy - Public safety and security KW - United States KW - Risk KW - International cooperation KW - Global warming KW - Negotiation KW - book UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58805429?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Leggett%2C+Jane+A&rft.aulast=Leggett&rft.aufirst=Jane&rft.date=2008-12-23&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=A+U.S.-centric+Chronology+of+the+International+Climate+Change+Negotiations&rft.title=A+U.S.-centric+Chronology+of+the+International+Climate+Change+Negotiations&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40001_20081223.pdf LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-21 N1 - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2008 N1 - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code R40001 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Congressional Commissions: Overview, Structure, and Legislative Considerations AN - 58801505; 2008-256186 AB - Congressional advisory commissions are formal groups established to provide independent advice; make recommendations for changes in public policy; study or investigate a particular problem, issue, or event; or perform a duty. This report provides an overview and analysis of congressional advisory commissions, information on the general statutory structure of a congressional commission, and a catalog of congressional commissions created since the 101st Congress. Tables. JF - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 19 2008, 29 pp. AU - Glassman, Matthew Eric Y1 - 2008/12/19/ PY - 2008 DA - 2008 Dec 19 PB - Congressional Research Reports for the People KW - Government - Government agencies and bodies KW - Politics - Politics and policy-making KW - United States Congress KW - Independent regulatory commissions KW - Public policy KW - book UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58801505?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Glassman%2C+Matthew+Eric&rft.aulast=Glassman&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2008-12-19&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Congressional+Commissions%3A+Overview%2C+Structure%2C+and+Legislative+Considerations&rft.title=Congressional+Commissions%3A+Overview%2C+Structure%2C+and+Legislative+Considerations&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40076_20081219.pdf LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-21 N1 - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2008 N1 - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code R40076 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - F-22A Raptor AN - 58801142; 2008-256154 AB - The F-22A Raptor is a next-generation fighter/attack aircraft that features the latest stealth technology to reduce detection by radar, and it is intended to maintain US Air Force capabilities against more sophisticated enemy aircraft and air defenses in the 21st century. This report examines the Air Force's F-22A Raptor program, including costs and schedule; considers several key issues, and concludes with a synopsis of recent legislative activity on the program. Figures. JF - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 19 2008, 18 pp. AU - Bolkcom, Christopher Y1 - 2008/12/19/ PY - 2008 DA - 2008 Dec 19 PB - Congressional Research Reports for the People KW - Military and defense policy - Military planning, strategy, and operations KW - Manufacturing and heavy industry - Computer and electronics industry KW - Economic conditions and policy - Economic theory KW - Military and defense policy - Military equipment and weapons KW - Science and technology policy - Technology and technology policy KW - Cost KW - Airplanes, Military KW - Radar KW - Aviation, Military KW - United States Air force KW - Technology KW - book UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58801142?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Bolkcom%2C+Christopher&rft.aulast=Bolkcom&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2008-12-19&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=F-22A+Raptor&rft.title=F-22A+Raptor&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL31673_20081219.pdf LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-21 N1 - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2008 N1 - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RL31673 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Singapore: Background and U.S. Relations AN - 58805440; 2008-256180 AB - A former colonial island trading and military outpost of the far-flung British Empire, the tiny Republic of Singapore has transformed itself into a modern Asian nation and a major player in the global economy, though it still largely restricts political freedoms in the name of maintaining economic growth. Singapore's heavy dependence on international trade makes regional stability and the free flow of goods and services essential to its existence; as a result, it is a firm supporter of both US international trade policy and the US security role in Asia, as well as the US-Singapore Free Trade Agreement (FTA). Tables, Figures. JF - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 18 2008, 7 pp. AU - Chanlett-Avery, Emma Y1 - 2008/12/18/ PY - 2008 DA - 2008 Dec 18 PB - Congressional Research Reports for the People KW - Trade and trade policy - Export-import trade KW - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development KW - International relations - International relations KW - International relations KW - United States KW - Economic development KW - Singapore KW - Export-import trade KW - book UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58805440?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Chanlett-Avery%2C+Emma&rft.aulast=Chanlett-Avery&rft.aufirst=Emma&rft.date=2008-12-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Singapore%3A+Background+and+U.S.+Relations&rft.title=Singapore%3A+Background+and+U.S.+Relations&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RS20490_20081218.pdf LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-21 N1 - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2008 N1 - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RS20490 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Chrysler Corporation Loan Guarantee Act of 1979: Background, Provisions, and Cost AN - 58805238; 2008-256182 AB - The American automobile industry has serious financial problems: Corporate executives from the Big Three (General Motors, Ford, and Chrysler) have testified before Congress about their need for federal credit (direct loans and guaranteed loans). This report examines the Chrysler loan guarantee program for possible insights that could assist Members of Congress in evaluating proposals to provide federal credit assistance. JF - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 17 2008, 8 pp. AU - Bickley, James M Y1 - 2008/12/17/ PY - 2008 DA - 2008 Dec 17 PB - Congressional Research Reports for the People KW - Banking and public and private finance - Public finance KW - Banking and public and private finance - Credit, loans, and personal finance KW - United States Congress KW - General motors corporation KW - Ford motor company KW - Credit KW - Chrysler corporation KW - Government loans and grants KW - book UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58805238?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Bickley%2C+James+M&rft.aulast=Bickley&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2008-12-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Chrysler+Corporation+Loan+Guarantee+Act+of+1979%3A+Background%2C+Provisions%2C+and+Cost&rft.title=Chrysler+Corporation+Loan+Guarantee+Act+of+1979%3A+Background%2C+Provisions%2C+and+Cost&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40005_20081217.pdf LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-21 N1 - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2008 N1 - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code R40005 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Foreign Aid Reform: Studies and Recommendations AN - 58801405; 2008-256159 AB - Many in Congress, the Bush Administration, and the non-governmental organization (NGO) community believe that the 110th Congress set the stage for action on foreign aid reform by the 111th Congress and the new Administration in 2009, but given the current economic crisis and budget constraints along with other major concerns, such as health care, energy policy, and global warming, some Members in the 111th Congress may prefer a continuation of the existing foreign aid structure. This report is a review of selected studies concerning foreign aid and foreign affairs budgets between 2001 and 2008. Tables, Appendixes. JF - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 17 2008, 30 pp. AU - Epstein, Susan B AU - Weed, Matthew C Y1 - 2008/12/17/ PY - 2008 DA - 2008 Dec 17 PB - Congressional Research Reports for the People KW - Business and service sector - Accounting KW - International relations - International relief and humanitarian assistance KW - Economic conditions and policy - Economic conditions KW - Environment and environmental policy - Weather, climate, and natural disasters KW - Energy resources and policy - Energy policy KW - United States Congress KW - Energy policy KW - Economic assistance KW - Global warming KW - Economic conditions KW - Budget KW - book UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58801405?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Epstein%2C+Susan+B%3BWeed%2C+Matthew+C&rft.aulast=Epstein&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2008-12-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Foreign+Aid+Reform%3A+Studies+and+Recommendations&rft.title=Foreign+Aid+Reform%3A+Studies+and+Recommendations&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40102_20081217.pdf LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-21 N1 - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2008 N1 - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code R40102 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Fifth Summit of the Americas, Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago, April 2009: Background, Agenda, and Expectations AN - 58787859; 2008-256185 AB - The fifth Summit of the Americas in Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago scheduled to be held on April 17-19, 2009 will be the first hemispheric forum for President-elect Barack Obama to engage with leaders from across Latin America and the Caribbean. The Port of Spain Summit will also be the first meeting of all 34 democratic heads of government from Latin America, the Caribbean, Canada, and the US since the contentious 2005 Summit in Mar del Plata, Argentina. JF - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 17 2008, 9 pp. AU - Meyer, Peter J Y1 - 2008/12/17/ PY - 2008 DA - 2008 Dec 17 PB - Congressional Research Reports for the People KW - International relations - International relations KW - Obama, Barack KW - International relations KW - Trinidad and Tobago KW - International cooperation KW - Latin America KW - Caribbean region KW - book UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58787859?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Meyer%2C+Peter+J&rft.aulast=Meyer&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2008-12-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Fifth+Summit+of+the+Americas%2C+Port+of+Spain%2C+Trinidad+and+Tobago%2C+April+2009%3A+Background%2C+Agenda%2C+and+Expectations&rft.title=Fifth+Summit+of+the+Americas%2C+Port+of+Spain%2C+Trinidad+and+Tobago%2C+April+2009%3A+Background%2C+Agenda%2C+and+Expectations&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40074_20081217.pdf LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-21 N1 - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2008 N1 - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code R40074 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Organizing the U.S. Government for National Security: Overview of the Interagency Reform Debates AN - 58812343; 2008-256331 AB - A growing community of interest, including Members of Congress, senior officials in the executive branch, and think-tank analysts, is calling for a reexamination of how well the US government, including both the executive branch and Congress, is organized to apply all instruments of national power to national security activities. The purpose of this report is to help frame the emerging debates for the 111th Congress by taking note of the leading advocates for change, highlighting identified shortcomings in key elements of the current system, and describing categories of emerging proposals for change. JF - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 16 2008, 15 pp. AU - Dale, Catherine AU - Serafino, Nina M AU - Towell, Pat Y1 - 2008/12/16/ PY - 2008 DA - 2008 Dec 16 PB - Congressional Research Reports for the People KW - Military and defense policy - National defense KW - Government - Internal security KW - United States Congress KW - Internal security KW - National defense KW - book UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58812343?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Dale%2C+Catherine%3BSerafino%2C+Nina+M%3BTowell%2C+Pat&rft.aulast=Dale&rft.aufirst=Catherine&rft.date=2008-12-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Organizing+the+U.S.+Government+for+National+Security%3A+Overview+of+the+Interagency+Reform+Debates&rft.title=Organizing+the+U.S.+Government+for+National+Security%3A+Overview+of+the+Interagency+Reform+Debates&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL34455_20081216.pdf LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-04 N1 - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2008 N1 - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RL34455 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Monetary Policy and the Federal Reserve AN - 58799498; 2008-256187 AB - The Federal Reserve defines monetary policy as the actions it undertakes to influence the availability and cost of money and credit to help promote a stable price level and maximum sustainable economic growth. Since the expectations of market participants help determine prices and growth, monetary policy can also be defined to include the directives, policies, statements, and actions of the Federal Reserve that influence how the future is perceived; and the Federal Reserve is a "lender of last resort" to the nation's financial system -- making it of great importance with the onset of the financial crisis in the summer of 2007. Tables, Figures, Appendixes. JF - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 16 2008, 14 pp. AU - Labonte, Marc Y1 - 2008/12/16/ PY - 2008 DA - 2008 Dec 16 PB - Congressional Research Reports for the People KW - Banking and public and private finance - Public finance KW - Business and service sector - Business finance KW - Business and service sector - Markets, marketing, and merchandising KW - Banking and public and private finance - Banks and other financial institutions KW - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development KW - Banking and public and private finance - Credit, loans, and personal finance KW - Prices KW - Credit KW - Economic development KW - Federal reserve system KW - Markets KW - Monetary policy KW - book UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58799498?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Labonte%2C+Marc&rft.aulast=Labonte&rft.aufirst=Marc&rft.date=2008-12-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Monetary+Policy+and+the+Federal+Reserve&rft.title=Monetary+Policy+and+the+Federal+Reserve&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL30354_20081216.pdf LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-21 N1 - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2008 N1 - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RL30354 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Lebanon: Background and U.S. Relations AN - 58787811; 2008-256184 AB - Lebanon is a religiously diverse, democratic state transitioning toward independence after a ruinous civil war and the Syrian and Israeli occupations that followed; and the US and Lebanon have historically enjoyed a good relationship due in part to cultural and religious ties; the democratic character of the state; a large Lebanese-American community in the US; and the pro-western orientation of Lebanon, particularly during the Cold War. Current US concerns in Lebanon include strengthening its weak democratic institutions, limiting the influence of Iran and Syria in Lebanon's political process, and disarming Hezbollah and other militant groups in Lebanon. Tables, Figures, Appendixes. JF - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 16 2008, 22 pp. AU - Addis, Casey L Y1 - 2008/12/16/ PY - 2008 DA - 2008 Dec 16 PB - Congressional Research Reports for the People KW - Politics - Political parties and groups KW - International relations - War KW - International relations - International relations KW - Government - Forms of government KW - Politics - Political ideologies and movements KW - International relations KW - United States KW - Iran KW - Civil war KW - Syria KW - Party of God (Lebanon) KW - Lebanon KW - Democracy KW - book UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58787811?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Addis%2C+Casey+L&rft.aulast=Addis&rft.aufirst=Casey&rft.date=2008-12-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Lebanon%3A+Background+and+U.S.+Relations&rft.title=Lebanon%3A+Background+and+U.S.+Relations&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40054_20081216.pdf LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-21 N1 - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2008 N1 - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code R40054 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - National Security Strategy: Legislative Mandates, Execution to Date, and Considerations for Congress AN - 58810351; 2008-256332 AB - There is a growing debate among practitioners and scholars, including participants from across the political spectrum, concerning the need to reform the US government's national security system. This report reviews current legislative mandates for security strategic documents, assesses the recent history of execution, describes strategic documents in related fields for comparison, presents considerations that may be useful in assessing current requirements and execution, and notes several current proposals for changes to legislative requirements. JF - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 15 2008, 20 pp. AU - Dale, Catherine Y1 - 2008/12/15/ PY - 2008 DA - 2008 Dec 15 PB - Congressional Research Reports for the People KW - Military and defense policy - National defense KW - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence KW - United States Congress KW - Legislation KW - National defense KW - book UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58810351?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Dale%2C+Catherine&rft.aulast=Dale&rft.aufirst=Catherine&rft.date=2008-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=National+Security+Strategy%3A+Legislative+Mandates%2C+Execution+to+Date%2C+and+Considerations+for+Congress&rft.title=National+Security+Strategy%3A+Legislative+Mandates%2C+Execution+to+Date%2C+and+Considerations+for+Congress&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL34505_20081215.pdf LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-04 N1 - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2008 N1 - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RL34505 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Operation Iraqi Freedom: Strategies, Approaches, Results, and Issues for Congress AN - 58808766; 2008-256149 AB - Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) was launched in March 2003, with the immediate goal of removing Saddam Hussein's regime and destroying its ability to use weapons of mass destruction or to make them available to terrorists; but over time, the focus shifted to the mission of helping the Government of Iraq improve security, establish a system of governance, and foster economic development. This report is designed to provide an assessment of current OIF developments, in the context of relevant background, in order to support congressional consideration of these short-term and long-term strategy and policy issues. Tables, Figures. JF - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 15 2008, 130 pp. AU - Dale, Catherine Y1 - 2008/12/15/ PY - 2008 DA - 2008 Dec 15 PB - Congressional Research Reports for the People KW - Government - Internal security KW - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development KW - Military and defense policy - Military equipment and weapons KW - International relations - War KW - Military and defense policy - Military planning, strategy, and operations KW - Terrorism KW - Hussein, Saddam KW - Weapons of mass destruction KW - Military operations KW - Economic development KW - Internal security KW - Iraq KW - book UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58808766?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Dale%2C+Catherine&rft.aulast=Dale&rft.aufirst=Catherine&rft.date=2008-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Operation+Iraqi+Freedom%3A+Strategies%2C+Approaches%2C+Results%2C+and+Issues+for+Congress&rft.title=Operation+Iraqi+Freedom%3A+Strategies%2C+Approaches%2C+Results%2C+and+Issues+for+Congress&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL34387_20081215.pdf LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-21 N1 - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2008 N1 - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RL34387 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) Concerns in Agricultural Trade AN - 58801114; 2008-256151 AB - Sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) measures refer to any of the laws, rules, standards, and procedures that governments employ to protect humans, other animals, and plants from diseases, pests, toxins, and other contaminants. Although US WTO officials frequently cite the benefits of SPS cooperation under trade agreements, some, among them food safety and environmental advocacy organizations, have feared a "downward harmonization" rather than upgraded health and safety standards -- while defenders counter that trade rules explicitly recognize the right of individual nations to enact stronger protections than international guidelines. Tables, Appendixes. JF - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 15 2008, 24 pp. AU - Becker, Geoffrey S Y1 - 2008/12/15/ PY - 2008 DA - 2008 Dec 15 PB - Congressional Research Reports for the People KW - Health conditions and policy - Food and nutrition KW - Health conditions and policy - Diseases and disorders KW - Environment and environmental policy - Plants KW - Environment and environmental policy - Animals KW - International relations - International organizations KW - Animals KW - World trade organization KW - Plants KW - Food safety KW - Standards KW - Diseases KW - book UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58801114?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Becker%2C+Geoffrey+S&rft.aulast=Becker&rft.aufirst=Geoffrey&rft.date=2008-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Sanitary+and+Phytosanitary+%28SPS%29+Concerns+in+Agricultural+Trade&rft.title=Sanitary+and+Phytosanitary+%28SPS%29+Concerns+in+Agricultural+Trade&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL33472_20081215.pdf LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-21 N1 - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2008 N1 - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RL33472 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rapid analysis of iodinated X-ray contrast media in secondary and tertiary treated wastewater by direct injection liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. AN - 69823048; 18980771 AB - The iodinated X-ray contrast media are the most widely administered intravascular pharmaceuticals and are known to persist in the aquatic environment. A rapid method using direct injection liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (DI-LC-MS/MS) has been developed to measure eight ICM. These include iopamidol, iothalamic acid, diatrizoic acid, iohexol, iomeprol, iopromide, plus both ioxaglic acid and iodipamide, which have not previously reported in the literature. The LC-MS/MS fragmentation patterns obtained for each of the compounds are discussed and the fragments lost for each transition are identified. Matrix effects in post-RO water, MQ water, tap water and secondary effluent have also been investigated. The DI-LC-MS/MS method was validated on both secondary and tertiary treated wastewater, and applied to samples from an advanced activated sludge wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) and a water recycling facility using microfiltration (MF) and reverse osmosis (RO) in Perth, Western Australia. As well as providing information of the efficacy for RO to remove specific ICM, these results also represent the first values of ICM published in the literature for Australia. JF - Journal of chromatography. A AU - Busetti, Francesco AU - Linge, Kathryn L AU - Blythe, Justin W AU - Heitz, Anna AD - Curtin Water Quality Research Centre (CWQRC), Department of Applied Chemistry, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987 Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia. f.busetti@exchange.curtin.edu.au Y1 - 2008/12/12/ PY - 2008 DA - 2008 Dec 12 SP - 200 EP - 208 VL - 1213 IS - 2 SN - 0021-9673, 0021-9673 KW - Contrast Media KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Diatrizoate KW - 117-96-4 KW - Iothalamic Acid KW - 16CHD79MIX KW - iomeprol KW - 17E17JBP8L KW - Iohexol KW - 4419T9MX03 KW - iopromide KW - 712BAC33MZ KW - Iopamidol KW - JR13W81H44 KW - Index Medicus KW - Uncertainty KW - Iohexol -- analogs & derivatives KW - Iothalamic Acid -- analysis KW - Iopamidol -- analysis KW - Iopamidol -- analogs & derivatives KW - Diatrizoate -- analysis KW - Water Purification -- methods KW - Iohexol -- analysis KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Tandem Mass Spectrometry -- methods KW - Contrast Media -- analysis KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/69823048?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+chromatography.+A&rft.atitle=Rapid+analysis+of+iodinated+X-ray+contrast+media+in+secondary+and+tertiary+treated+wastewater+by+direct+injection+liquid+chromatography-tandem+mass+spectrometry.&rft.au=Busetti%2C+Francesco%3BLinge%2C+Kathryn+L%3BBlythe%2C+Justin+W%3BHeitz%2C+Anna&rft.aulast=Busetti&rft.aufirst=Francesco&rft.date=2008-12-12&rft.volume=1213&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=200&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+chromatography.+A&rft.issn=00219673&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.chroma.2008.10.021 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-02-19 N1 - Date created - 2008-11-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2008.10.021 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Veterans Affairs: Benefits for Service-Connected Disabilities AN - 58797724; 2008-256152 AB - The US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) offers disability compensation, which is a monthly cash benefit program for veterans currently impaired from past service-connected activities. The 110th Congress increased the 2009 monthly disability compensation payments by providing veterans a cost-of-living (COLA) for their VA benefits equal to the COLA for Social Security benefits (5.8%) (P.L. 110-430) and considered additional legislation that may affect service-connected disabilities. JF - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 12 2008, 14 pp. AU - Weimer, Douglas Reid Y1 - 2008/12/12/ PY - 2008 DA - 2008 Dec 12 PB - Congressional Research Reports for the People KW - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence KW - Population groups, population policy, and demographics - Disabled KW - United States Veterans affairs department KW - Disabled KW - Benefits KW - Legislation KW - book UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58797724?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Weimer%2C+Douglas+Reid&rft.aulast=Weimer&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft.date=2008-12-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Veterans+Affairs%3A+Benefits+for+Service-Connected+Disabilities&rft.title=Veterans+Affairs%3A+Benefits+for+Service-Connected+Disabilities&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL33323_20081212.pdf LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-21 N1 - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2008 N1 - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RL33323 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - U.S. Oil Exports AN - 58804654; 2008-256163 AB - Concern about exports of US crude oil, gasoline, diesel fuel and home heating oil periodically draws Congressional attention to the level of these exports, recently observed to increase from 1.4 million barrels daily (MBD) in 2007, to nearly 1.9 mbd during January-September 2008. Some policymakers have suggested that prohibiting oil exports would lower prices, but restrictions on exports might, in fact, create inefficiencies in the movement of world oil supplies that could foster less optimal distribution of oil and possibly lead to higher prices in some markets. Tables. JF - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 11 2008, 7 pp. AU - Bamberger, Robert Y1 - 2008/12/11/ PY - 2008 DA - 2008 Dec 11 PB - Congressional Research Reports for the People KW - Business and service sector - Business finance KW - Business and service sector - Markets, marketing, and merchandising KW - Energy resources and policy - Petroleum and natural gas industries and products KW - United States KW - Petroleum industry KW - Prices KW - Markets KW - Diesel fuels KW - book UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58804654?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Bamberger%2C+Robert&rft.aulast=Bamberger&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2008-12-11&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=U.S.+Oil+Exports&rft.title=U.S.+Oil+Exports&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40120_20081211.pdf LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-21 N1 - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2008 N1 - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code R40120 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Immigration Legislation and Issues in the 110th Congress AN - 58813626; 2008-256328 AB - Comprehensive immigration reform was the subject of much discussion at the start of the 110th Congress. In the spring of 2007, the Senate considered several broad immigration reform measures aimed at addressing a host of perceived problems with the US immigration system, and this report discusses these and other immigration-related issues that have seen legislative action or are of significant congressional interest. JF - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 10 2008, 37 pp. AU - Bruno, Andorra Y1 - 2008/12/10/ PY - 2008 DA - 2008 Dec 10 PB - Congressional Research Reports for the People KW - Law and ethics - Citizenship, immigration, and immigration law and policy KW - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence KW - United States Congress KW - Immigration policy KW - Legislation KW - book UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58813626?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Bruno%2C+Andorra&rft.aulast=Bruno&rft.aufirst=Andorra&rft.date=2008-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Immigration+Legislation+and+Issues+in+the+110th+Congress&rft.title=Immigration+Legislation+and+Issues+in+the+110th+Congress&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL34204_20081210.pdf LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-04 N1 - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2008 N1 - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RL34204 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Georgia [Republic]: Recent Developments and U.S. Interests AN - 58806249; 2008-256147 AB - This report examines Georgia's efforts to democratize and bolster its free market economy, while surmounting the damage caused by Russia's military incursion in August 2008; Russia's narrowing tutelage over Georgia's breakaway Abkhazia and South Ossetia; Russia's ongoing economic sanctions; and the global economic crisis. US policy and assistance are discussed. Figures. JF - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 10 2008, 9 pp. AU - Nichol, Jim Y1 - 2008/12/10/ PY - 2008 DA - 2008 Dec 10 PB - Congressional Research Reports for the People KW - Trade and trade policy - Free trade and protection KW - International relations - War KW - Politics - Political dissent and internal conflict KW - Economic conditions and policy - Economic conditions KW - Business and service sector - Markets, marketing, and merchandising KW - Sanctions (international law) KW - South Ossetia KW - Abkhazia KW - Georgia KW - Russia KW - Markets KW - Economic conditions KW - Conflict KW - book UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58806249?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Nichol%2C+Jim&rft.aulast=Nichol&rft.aufirst=Jim&rft.date=2008-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Georgia+%3A+Recent+Developments+and+U.S.+Interests&rft.title=Georgia+%3A+Recent+Developments+and+U.S.+Interests&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/97-727_20081210.pdf LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-21 N1 - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2008 N1 - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code 97-727 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The Department of Defense Role in Foreign Assistance: Background, Major Issues, and Options for Congress AN - 58823597; 2008-256330 AB - The Department of Defense (DOD) has long played a role in US efforts to assist foreign populations, militaries, and governments. In the second session of the 110th Congress, Members have faced several choices regarding the DOD role in foreign assistance, including whether to make permanent two controversial DOD authorities, legislation to enable US government civilian personnel to perform some of the tasks currently carried out by the US military, as well as to form a civilian reserve corps for that purpose, and Congress may also consider options to improve DOD coordination with civilian agencies on foreign assistance activities. Tables, Appendixes. JF - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 9 2008, 93 pp. AU - Serafino, Nina M Y1 - 2008/12/09/ PY - 2008 DA - 2008 Dec 09 PB - Congressional Research Reports for the People KW - International relations - International relief and humanitarian assistance KW - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence KW - United States Congress KW - Economic assistance KW - Legislation KW - United States Defense department KW - book UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58823597?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Serafino%2C+Nina+M&rft.aulast=Serafino&rft.aufirst=Nina&rft.date=2008-12-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+Department+of+Defense+Role+in+Foreign+Assistance%3A+Background%2C+Major+Issues%2C+and+Options+for+Congress&rft.title=The+Department+of+Defense+Role+in+Foreign+Assistance%3A+Background%2C+Major+Issues%2C+and+Options+for+Congress&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL34639_20081209.pdf LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-04 N1 - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2008 N1 - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RL34639 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Reality Check - The Identification of Sustainability Perception and Deliverables for Australian Road Infrastructure Projects T2 - 3rd International Conference on Sustainability Engineering and Science AN - 41874833; 5097841 JF - 3rd International Conference on Sustainability Engineering and Science AU - Lim, Soon Y1 - 2008/12/09/ PY - 2008 DA - 2008 Dec 09 KW - Australia KW - Perception KW - Sustainability KW - Infrastructure KW - Resource management KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41874833?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=3rd+International+Conference+on+Sustainability+Engineering+and+Science&rft.atitle=Reality+Check+-+The+Identification+of+Sustainability+Perception+and+Deliverables+for+Australian+Road+Infrastructure+Projects&rft.au=Lim%2C+Soon&rft.aulast=Lim&rft.aufirst=Soon&rft.date=2008-12-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=3rd+International+Conference+on+Sustainability+Engineering+and+Science&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.nzsses.auckland.ac.nz/conference/2008/handbook.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Fairness Doctrine: History and Constitutional Issues AN - 58808816; 2008-256183 AB - The Fairness Doctrine was a policy of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC or Commission) that required broadcast licensees to cover issues of public importance and to do so in a fair manner on all issues of public importance. This report covers the continuing debate in Congress regarding whether to reinstate the doctrine, prohibitions that forbade the FCC to use any of the funds appropriated to it to reinstate the Fairness Doctrine, and potential Supreme Court's reasoning if the doctrine were reinstated and challenged. JF - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 8 2008, 14 pp. AU - Ruane, Kathleen Ann Y1 - 2008/12/08/ PY - 2008 DA - 2008 Dec 08 PB - Congressional Research Reports for the People KW - Media - Broadcasting KW - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development KW - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence KW - United States Congress KW - Supreme court KW - United States Federal communications commission KW - Regulation KW - Fairness doctrine (broadcasting) KW - book UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58808816?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Ruane%2C+Kathleen+Ann&rft.aulast=Ruane&rft.aufirst=Kathleen&rft.date=2008-12-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40009_20081208.pdf LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-21 N1 - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2008 N1 - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code R40009 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The National Security Council: An Organizational Assessment AN - 58801951; 2008-256155 AB - The National Security Council (NSC) was established by statute in 1947 to create an interdepartmental body to offer confidential advice to the President on all aspects of national security policy. This report traces the evolution of the NSC from its creation to the present and observes that some argue that the NSC should be broadened to reflect an expanding role of economic, environmental, and demographic issues in national security policymaking. Tables, Appendixes. JF - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 5 2008, 35 pp. AU - Best, Richard A, Jr Y1 - 2008/12/05/ PY - 2008 DA - 2008 Dec 05 PB - Congressional Research Reports for the People KW - Government - Internal security KW - Government - Government agencies and bodies KW - Government - Public officials KW - United States KW - Presidents KW - Internal security KW - Government agencies KW - book UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58801951?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Best%2C+Richard+A%2C+Jr&rft.aulast=Best&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2008-12-05&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+National+Security+Council%3A+An+Organizational+Assessment&rft.title=The+National+Security+Council%3A+An+Organizational+Assessment&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL30840_20081205.pdf LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-21 N1 - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2008 N1 - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RL30840 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - U.S. Food and Agricultural Imports: Safeguards and Selected Issues AN - 58808608; 2008-256327 AB - US officials continue to assert that the US food supply, including the portion provided through imports, is among the safest in the world. One challenge has been how to keep it safe in the face of steadily rising imports, a result of globalization and consumer desire for a wider variety of foods year-round, and this issue was the focus of numerous congressional hearings and bills in the 110th Congress and is expected to be high on the policy agenda of the 111th Congress. Tables. JF - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 4 2008, 24 pp. AU - Becker, Geoffrey S Y1 - 2008/12/04/ PY - 2008 DA - 2008 Dec 04 PB - Congressional Research Reports for the People KW - Health conditions and policy - Food and nutrition KW - Social conditions and policy - Public safety and security KW - International relations - International relations KW - Economic conditions and policy - Consumers and consumption KW - United States Congress KW - Food supply KW - Safety measures KW - Globalization KW - Consumer protection KW - book UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58808608?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Becker%2C+Geoffrey+S&rft.aulast=Becker&rft.aufirst=Geoffrey&rft.date=2008-12-04&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=U.S.+Food+and+Agricultural+Imports%3A+Safeguards+and+Selected+Issues&rft.title=U.S.+Food+and+Agricultural+Imports%3A+Safeguards+and+Selected+Issues&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL34198_20081204.pdf LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-04 N1 - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2008 N1 - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RL34198 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Climate Change: Action by States to Address Greenhouse Gas Emissions AN - 58805335; 2008-256150 AB - In the absence of a federal climate change program, a number of states have taken actions that directly address greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Although much of the early activity was largely symbolic, the more recent state actions have been more aggressive; and 23 states have joined one of the three regional partnerships that would require GHG (or just carbon dioxide) emission reductions. Tables, Figures. JF - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 4 2008, 27 pp. AU - Ramseur, Jonathan L Y1 - 2008/12/04/ PY - 2008 DA - 2008 Dec 04 PB - Congressional Research Reports for the People KW - Environment and environmental policy - Weather, climate, and natural disasters KW - Manufacturing and heavy industry - Chemical industries KW - Environment and environmental policy - Ecology and environmental policy KW - United States KW - Gases KW - Climate KW - Global warming KW - Environmental policy KW - book UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58805335?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Ramseur%2C+Jonathan+L&rft.aulast=Ramseur&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=2008-12-04&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Climate+Change%3A+Action+by+States+to+Address+Greenhouse+Gas+Emissions&rft.title=Climate+Change%3A+Action+by+States+to+Address+Greenhouse+Gas+Emissions&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL33812_20081204.pdf LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-21 N1 - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2008 N1 - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RL33812 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Rwanda: Background and Current Developments AN - 58805093; 2008-256145 AB - In 2003, Rwanda held its first multi-party presidential and parliamentary elections in decades, with President Paul Kagame of the Rwanda Patriotic Front (RPF) winning 95% of the votes cast. In the legislative elections, the ruling RPF won 73% in the 80-seat National Assembly; in September 2008, Rwanda held legislative elections with the RPF winning a majority of the seats and Rwandese women becoming the majority in the National Assembly. JF - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 4 2008, 5 pp. AU - Dagne, Ted Y1 - 2008/12/04/ PY - 2008 DA - 2008 Dec 04 PB - Congressional Research Reports for the People KW - Politics - Elections and voting KW - Politics - Political parties and groups KW - Population groups, population policy, and demographics - Women KW - Rwandan patriotic front KW - Elections KW - Women KW - National assembly KW - Political parties KW - Kagame, Paul KW - Rwanda KW - book UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58805093?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Dagne%2C+Ted&rft.aulast=Dagne&rft.aufirst=Ted&rft.date=2008-12-04&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Rwanda%3A+Background+and+Current+Developments&rft.title=Rwanda%3A+Background+and+Current+Developments&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40115_20081204.pdf LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-21 N1 - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2008 N1 - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code R40115 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The Democratic Republic of Congo: Background and Current Developments AN - 58801455; 2008-256160 AB - In October 2008, the forces of the National Congress for the Defense of the Congolese People (CNDP) launched a major offensive against the Democratic Republic of Congo Armed Forces (FARDC) in eastern Congo. The root causes of the crisis are the presence of over a dozen militia and extremist groups, both foreign and Congolese, in eastern Congo, and the failure to fully implement peace agreements signed by the parties. The US has been actively engaged in facilitating the Tripartite Plus talks among the four key players in the Great Lakes region: Rwanda, DRC, Burundi, and Uganda. Figures. JF - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 3 2008, 10 pp. AU - Dagne, Ted Y1 - 2008/12/03/ PY - 2008 DA - 2008 Dec 03 PB - Congressional Research Reports for the People KW - Military and defense policy - Military personnel and veterans KW - International relations - International peace and security KW - United States KW - Congo (Democratic Republic) KW - Defenses KW - Militia KW - Burundi KW - Uganda KW - Peace KW - Armed forces KW - Rwanda KW - book UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58801455?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Dagne%2C+Ted&rft.aulast=Dagne&rft.aufirst=Ted&rft.date=2008-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+Democratic+Republic+of+Congo%3A+Background+and+Current+Developments&rft.title=The+Democratic+Republic+of+Congo%3A+Background+and+Current+Developments&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40108_20081203.pdf LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-21 N1 - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2008 N1 - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code R40108 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Severe Thunderstorms and Tornadoes in the United States AN - 58802003; 2008-256157 AB - Severe thunderstorms and tornadoes affect communities across the US every year, causing fatalities, destroying property and crops, and disrupting businesses; and policies that could reduce US vulnerability to severe thunderstorms and tornadoes include improvements in the capability to accurately detect storms and to transmit effective warnings. At issue for Congress is its role in mitigating damages, injuries, and fatalities from severe thunderstorms and tornadoes and determining whether mitigating long-term global warming will also reduce future losses from thunderstorms and tornadoes. Tables, Figures. JF - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 2 2008, 19 pp. AU - Folger, Peter AU - Reed, Aisha C Y1 - 2008/12/02/ PY - 2008 DA - 2008 Dec 02 PB - Congressional Research Reports for the People KW - Environment and environmental policy - Weather, climate, and natural disasters KW - Law and ethics - Civil law KW - Law and ethics - Liability, torts, and personal injury KW - United States KW - Tornadoes KW - Damages KW - Global warming KW - Storms KW - book UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58802003?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Folger%2C+Peter%3BReed%2C+Aisha+C&rft.aulast=Folger&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2008-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Severe+Thunderstorms+and+Tornadoes+in+the+United+States&rft.title=Severe+Thunderstorms+and+Tornadoes+in+the+United+States&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40097_20081202.pdf LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-21 N1 - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2008 N1 - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code R40097 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Social anxiety and the severity and typography of stuttering in adolescents AN - 85354747; llba-200907919 AB - The present study examined the relationship between anxiety, attitude toward daily communication, and stuttering symptomatology in adolescent stuttering. Adolescents who stuttered (n = 19) showed significantly higher levels of trait, state and social anxiety than fluent speaking controls (n = 18). Trait and state anxiety was significantly associated with difficulty with communication in daily situations for adolescents who stutter, but not for controls. No statistically significant associations were found between anxiety and measures of communication difficulty, and the severity or typography of stuttering surface behaviours. These results highlight some of the psychosocial concomitants of chronic stuttering in adolescence, but challenge the notion that anxiety plays a direct mediating role in stuttering surface behaviours. Rather, the results suggest stuttering is a disorder that features psychosocial conflict regardless of its surface features. Educational objectives The reader will be able to: (1) summarise findings from previous studies with regards to stuttering and anxiety; (2) identify the sub-types of anxiety that may impact on the individual who stutters; and (3) discuss the clinical implications of the results with regards to working with adolescents who stutter. [Copyright Elsevier Inc.] JF - Journal of Fluency Disorders AU - Mulcahy, Kylie AU - Hennessey, Neville AU - Beilby, Janet AU - Byrnes, Michelle AD - School of Psychology, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U 1987, Perth, Western Australia, 6845, Australia N.Hennessey@curtin.edu.au Y1 - 2008/12// PY - 2008 DA - Dec 2008 SP - 306 EP - 319 VL - 33 IS - 4 SN - 0094-730X, 0094-730X KW - *Speech Pathology (82650) KW - *Anxiety (03350) KW - *Social Factors (79910) KW - *Stuttering (84850) KW - *Adolescents (00450) KW - article KW - 6410: language-pathological and normal; language and speech pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85354747?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Fluency+Disorders&rft.atitle=Social+anxiety+and+the+severity+and+typography+of+stuttering+in+adolescents&rft.au=Mulcahy%2C+Kylie%3BHennessey%2C+Neville%3BBeilby%2C+Janet%3BByrnes%2C+Michelle&rft.aulast=Mulcahy&rft.aufirst=Kylie&rft.date=2008-12-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=306&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Fluency+Disorders&rft.issn=0094730X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ComDisDome N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-06-17 N1 - CODEN - JFDID8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - *Stuttering (84850); *Adolescents (00450); *Anxiety (03350); *Speech Pathology (82650); *Social Factors (79910) ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous occlusion. AN - 66715017; 19527849 AB - The current article describes a patient with acute, massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding from isolated gastric varices. The patient had a large gastrosystemic shunt and was managed with a combination of splenic artery embolization followed by balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous occlusion (BORTO) of the gastric varices. BORTO is a procedure that was recently described in Japan by Dr Kanagawa. This technique is extensively used in Japan as first-line therapy in the management of bleeding gastric varices but has not been popularized in the USA. The purpose of this review is to present the technique used to perform BORTO at our institution and the clinical situations in which we offer this option to our patients. JF - Techniques in vascular and interventional radiology AU - Ferral, Hector AD - Department of Radiology, Section of Interventional Radiology, Rush University Medical Center, 1653 West Congress Parkway, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. hector_ferral@rush.edu Y1 - 2008/12// PY - 2008 DA - December 2008 SP - 225 EP - 229 VL - 11 IS - 4 KW - Index Medicus KW - Hematemesis -- etiology KW - Humans KW - Embolization, Therapeutic KW - Phlebography KW - Treatment Outcome KW - Tomography, X-Ray Computed KW - Hematemesis -- therapy KW - Aged KW - Splenic Artery KW - Radiography, Interventional KW - Female KW - Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic -- diagnostic imaging KW - Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic -- complications KW - Esophageal and Gastric Varices -- therapy KW - Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage -- etiology KW - Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic -- therapy KW - Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage -- diagnostic imaging KW - Esophageal and Gastric Varices -- etiology KW - Esophageal and Gastric Varices -- diagnostic imaging KW - Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage -- therapy KW - Balloon Occlusion UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66715017?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Techniques+in+vascular+and+interventional+radiology&rft.atitle=Balloon-occluded+retrograde+transvenous+occlusion.&rft.au=Ferral%2C+Hector&rft.aulast=Ferral&rft.aufirst=Hector&rft.date=2008-12-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=225&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Techniques+in+vascular+and+interventional+radiology&rft.issn=1557-9808&rft_id=info:doi/10.1053%2Fj.tvir.2009.04.005 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-07-09 N1 - Date created - 2009-06-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.tvir.2009.04.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Hairlessness Norm Extended: Reasons for and Predictors of Women's Body Hair Removal at Different Body Sites AN - 61768296; 200924149 AB - The study aimed to explore the motivations behind and predictors of the practice of body hair removal among women. A sample of 235 Australian female undergraduate students completed questionnaires asking about the frequency and reasons for body hair removal, as well as measures of media exposure. It was confirmed that the vast majority (approximately 96%) regularly remove their leg and underarm hair, most frequently by shaving, and attribute this to femininity and attractiveness reasons. A sizeable proportion (60%) also removed at least some of their pubic hair, with 48% removing most or all of it. Here the attributions were relatively more to sexual attractiveness and self-enhancement. Further, having a partner and exposure to particular forms of media predicted pubic hair removal. It was concluded that pubic hair removal is currently different in connotation from leg or underarm hair, but is likely to be on the increase. It can only further the belief that women's bodies are unacceptable the way they are. Adapted from the source document. JF - Sex Roles: A Journal of Research AU - Tiggemann, Marika AU - Hodgson, Suzanna AD - School of Psychology, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, 5001, South Australia Y1 - 2008/12// PY - 2008 DA - December 2008 SP - 889 EP - 897 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Inc., New York NY VL - 59 IS - 11-12 SN - 0360-0025, 0360-0025 KW - Undergraduate Students KW - Motivation KW - Human Body KW - Attractiveness KW - Females KW - Femininity KW - article KW - 0513: culture and social structure; culture (kinship, forms of social organization, social cohesion & integration, & social representations) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61768296?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sex+Roles%3A+A+Journal+of+Research&rft.atitle=The+Hairlessness+Norm+Extended%3A+Reasons+for+and+Predictors+of+Women%27s+Body+Hair+Removal+at+Different+Body+Sites&rft.au=Tiggemann%2C+Marika%3BHodgson%2C+Suzanna&rft.aulast=Tiggemann&rft.aufirst=Marika&rft.date=2008-12-01&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=11-12&rft.spage=889&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sex+Roles%3A+A+Journal+of+Research&rft.issn=03600025&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11199-008-9494-3 LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-21 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - SROLDH N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Females; Attractiveness; Human Body; Undergraduate Students; Femininity; Motivation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11199-008-9494-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Feminism and the Flat Law Theory AN - 61724353; 200909894 AB - This article examines two modalities of law, depicted spatially as the vertical & the horizontal. The intellectual background for seeing law in vertical & horizontal dimensions is to be found in much socio-legal scholarship. These approaches have challenged the modernist, legal positivist & essentially vertical view of law as a system of imperatives emanating from a hierarchically superior source such as a sovereign. In keeping with the socio-legal critical tradition, but approaching it from the perspective of legal philosophy, my aim is to address three matters. First, why is vertical law problematic for feminists? Second, what are the theoretical characteristics of law in its horizontal register? Third, how is an appreciation of this 'flat' law useful for feminist legal theory & practice? In particular, I consider the ways in which feminist legal theory operating in the horizontal dimension can transgress, without transcending, the vertically determined perimeters of the nation state. Adapted from the source document. JF - Feminist Legal Studies AU - Davies, Margaret AD - School of Law, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, 5001, Australia margaret.davies@flinders.edu.au Y1 - 2008/12// PY - 2008 DA - December 2008 SP - 281 EP - 304 PB - Springer, Dordrecht The Netherlands VL - 16 IS - 3 SN - 0966-3622, 0966-3622 KW - Subjectivity KW - State KW - Feminist Theory KW - Power KW - Legal Pluralism KW - Jurisprudence KW - Feminism KW - article KW - 2959: feminist/gender studies; feminist studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61724353?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Feminist+Legal+Studies&rft.atitle=Feminism+and+the+Flat+Law+Theory&rft.au=Davies%2C+Margaret&rft.aulast=Davies&rft.aufirst=Margaret&rft.date=2008-12-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=281&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Feminist+Legal+Studies&rft.issn=09663622&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10691-008-9096-z LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-03 N1 - Number of references - 82 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - FLSTED N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Feminism; Jurisprudence; State; Legal Pluralism; Subjectivity; Power; Feminist Theory DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10691-008-9096-z ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Status of Forces Agreement (SOFA): What Is It, and How Has It Been Utilized? AN - 58794513; 2008-256333 AB - The US has been party to multilateral and bilateral agreements commonly referred to as Status of Forces Agreements (SOFAs), which address the status of US armed forces while present in a foreign country and how the domestic laws of the foreign jurisdiction shall be applied toward US personnel while in that country. The US is currently party to more than 100 agreements that may be considered SOFAs, and this report presents a list of current agreements categorized in tables according to the underlying source of authority, if any, for each of the SOFAs. Tables. JF - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 1 2008, 26 pp. AU - Mason, R Chuck Y1 - 2008/12/01/ PY - 2008 DA - 2008 Dec 01 PB - Congressional Research Reports for the People KW - Military and defense policy - Military personnel and veterans KW - Military and defense policy - Military bases and facilities KW - Administration of justice - Courts and judicial power KW - United States KW - Jurisdiction KW - Foreign relations KW - Military bases KW - Armed forces KW - book UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58794513?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Mason%2C+R+Chuck&rft.aulast=Mason&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2008-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Status+of+Forces+Agreement+%28SOFA%29%3A+What+Is+It%2C+and+How+Has+It+Been+Utilized%3F&rft.title=Status+of+Forces+Agreement+%28SOFA%29%3A+What+Is+It%2C+and+How+Has+It+Been+Utilized%3F&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL34531_20081201.pdf LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-04 N1 - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2008 N1 - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RL34531 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Australian funding debate on quadrivalent HPV vaccine: A case study for the national pharmaceutical policy AN - 57285191; 200907400 AB - Objectives To analyse the media and political reactions to the initial decision of the Pharmaceutical Benefits Advisory Committee (PBAC) to reject funding of the quadrivalent human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccine in Australia. Methods A case study, informed by media reports and government documents, was utilised to examine the reactions of key stakeholders; PBAC, consumers, consumer organisations, pharmaceutical industry, politicians, health professionals and the media to the initial decision to reject funding of HPV vaccine. Results The initial decision to reject funding of the HPV vaccine led to unprecedented public response with over 300 newspaper articles and calls by consumers, health professionals and politicians to intervene in the decision making process. Misunderstanding of the decision making process, particularly cost-effectiveness assessments, the need for an independent process, the legislated inability of a timely and transparent response from policy makers and the lack of a risk mitigation strategy all played a role in the public outcry. Conclusions Despite 15 years of implementation of cost-effectiveness assessments there is still a need for improving stakeholder understanding of the decision making process and for timely transfer of complete information. Risk mitigation strategies should be considered as part of the communication plan for all decisions. [Copyright 2008 Elsevier Ltd.] JF - Health Policy AU - Roughead, Elizabeth Ellen AU - Gilbert, Andrew L AU - Vitry, Agnes I AD - Quality Use of Medicines and Pharmacy Practice Research Centre, Sansom Institute, University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia libby.roughead@unisa.edu.au Y1 - 2008/12// PY - 2008 DA - December 2008 SP - 250 EP - 257 PB - Elsevier, Kidlington Oxford UK VL - 88 IS - 2-3 SN - 0168-8510, 0168-8510 KW - Papillomavirus vaccines Insurance Health Reimbursement Cost-benefit analysis Resource allocation Public debate KW - Public opinion KW - Decision making KW - Financing KW - Vaccines KW - Government agencies KW - Human papillomaviruses KW - article UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57285191?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aassia&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Embryonic+Exposure+to+Domoic+Acid+Increases+the+Susceptibility+of+Zebrafish+Larvae+to+the+Chemical+Convulsant+Pentylenetetrazole&rft.au=Tiedeken%2C+Jessica+A%3BRamsdell%2C+John+S&rft.aulast=Tiedeken&rft.aufirst=Jessica&rft.date=2007-11-01&rft.volume=115&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1547&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA) N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-08 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Human papillomaviruses; Financing; Vaccines; Government agencies; Decision making; Public opinion DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.healthpol.2008.03.012 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metacognition, working memory, and thought suppression in acute stress disorder AN - 57284038; 200907101 AB - The present study examined factors hypothesised to be related to thought suppression ability in a sample of acutely traumatised individuals (N= 56) with and without acute stress disorder (ASD; non-ASD). Participants' ability to suppress thoughts of their traumatic experience and a neutral stimulus was tested, and working memory ability, fluid and crystallised intelligence were assessed. Participants also completed self-report measures of mood, acute stress symptoms, trauma-related cognitions and suppression tendency. As expected, ASD participants experienced difficulty in suppressing memories of their traumatic experience. Contrary to prediction, working memory performance was not related to intrusion frequency during suppression, and inconsistent findings were observed in terms of trauma-related beliefs. These findings are discussed in terms of cognitive factors that may be associated with thought suppression ability and the implications for understanding intrusive cognition in post-traumatic stress disorders. Adapted from the source document. JF - Australian Journal of Psychology AU - Nixon, Reginald AU - Menne, Annemarie AU - Kling, Leonard AU - Steele, Anna AU - Barnes, John AU - Dohnt, Hayley AU - Ball, Shelley-Anne AU - Tyler, Hanna AD - Department of Psychology, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia reg.nixon@flinders.edu.au Y1 - 2008/12// PY - 2008 DA - December 2008 SP - 168 EP - 174 PB - Taylor & Francis, UK VL - 60 IS - 3 SN - 0004-9530, 0004-9530 KW - Working memory KW - Traumatic life events KW - Acute stress disorder KW - Thought suppression KW - Suppression KW - Cognition KW - article UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57284038?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aassia&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+Journal+of+Psychology&rft.atitle=Metacognition%2C+working+memory%2C+and+thought+suppression+in+acute+stress+disorder&rft.au=Nixon%2C+Reginald%3BMenne%2C+Annemarie%3BKling%2C+Leonard%3BSteele%2C+Anna%3BBarnes%2C+John%3BDohnt%2C+Hayley%3BBall%2C+Shelley-Anne%3BTyler%2C+Hanna&rft.aulast=Nixon&rft.aufirst=Reginald&rft.date=2008-12-01&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=168&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australian+Journal+of+Psychology&rft.issn=00049530&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F00049530701867813 LA - English DB - Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA) N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-08 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - CODEN - ASJPAE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Thought suppression; Working memory; Acute stress disorder; Traumatic life events; Cognition; Suppression DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00049530701867813 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Dietary Guideline with Great Therapeutic Potential AN - 57277586; 200901155 AB - Prescribing "salt restriction" for patients with salt-related health problems-using diets measuring sodium content and portion sizes-has been notoriously unpopular and unreliable, and the only therapeutic alternative has been to prescribe diuretics. This article reports a new observation that total salt intake is low enough (sodium < 50 mmol/day) to be more effective and less troublesome than diuretics in people who follow the Australian dietary guideline to choose food low in salt while using the definition of low salt foods in the Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code (Na <,120 mg/100g). Low salt foods-eaten exclusively during human evolution-can usually abolish the severe vertigo of Meniere's disorder as the sole treatment, and reverse the universal rise of blood pressure with age, preventing hypertension. This simple prescription for better food (a healthier salt intake) enables health professionals to obtain measurable and permanent clinical improvement in motivated patients. The full public health potential of better food will require a long period of gradual reform in food processing and the evolution of a new cuisine. Shoppers must know what they are buying, and Australia needs Britain's traffic light labels that identify low salt foods at a glance with green lights for salt. Adapted from the source document. JF - Australian Journal of Primary Health - Interchange AU - Beard, Trevor Cory AD - Menzies Research Institute, Private Bag 23, GPO Hobart Tasmania 7001, AUSTRALIA trevor.beard@utas.edu.au Y1 - 2008/12// PY - 2008 DA - December 2008 SP - 120 EP - 131 PB - Australian Institute for Primary Care, La Trobe University, Bundoora Australia VL - 14 IS - 3 SN - 1448-7527, 1448-7527 KW - Salt, Sodium, Dietary guidelines, Prevention, Treatment KW - Sodium KW - Healthy food KW - Food KW - Diuretics KW - Australia KW - Salt KW - article UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57277586?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aassia&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+Journal+of+Primary+Health+-+Interchange&rft.atitle=The+Dietary+Guideline+with+Great+Therapeutic+Potential&rft.au=Beard%2C+Trevor+Cory&rft.aulast=Beard&rft.aufirst=Trevor&rft.date=2008-12-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=120&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australian+Journal+of+Primary+Health+-+Interchange&rft.issn=14487527&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA) N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-03 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Salt; Food; Healthy food; Sodium; Diuretics; Australia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A randomised trial investigating guided self-help to reduce perfectionism and its impact on bulimia nervosa: A pilot study AN - 57276093; 200904953 AB - Aim The purpose of the present study was to evaluate reducing perfectionism as a potential treatment target for individuals with Bulimia Nervosa (BN). Method Forty-eight individuals meeting DSM-IV criteria for BN or eating disorder - not otherwise specified with binge eating [objective or subjective] or purging at least once per week were recruited. Participants were randomly assigned to receive 8 sessions of manual-based guided self-help (GSH) over a 6-week period that was focused on either cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) for perfectionism, CBT for BN, or a placebo. Individuals were assessed at baseline, pre-treatment, post-treatment and at six-month follow-up on 12 outcome variables, including diagnostic criteria and psychological variables. Results There was no significant change in any of the outcome variables over a 6-week no-treatment period but at post-treatment and 6-month follow-up there were significant main effects of time for 10 and 8 outcome variables respectively, suggesting that all groups reported significant reductions in bulimic symptomatology and related psychopathology at post-treatment and follow-up. Conclusions These findings show potential for the use of novel interventions in GSH for BN. [Copyright 2008 Elsevier Ltd.] JF - Behaviour Research and Therapy AU - Steele, Anna L AU - Wade, Tracey D AD - School of Psychology, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia Y1 - 2008/12// PY - 2008 DA - December 2008 SP - 1316 EP - 1323 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam The Netherlands VL - 46 IS - 12 SN - 0005-7967, 0005-7967 KW - Perfectionism Bulimia nervosa Guided self-help KW - Cognitive behaviour therapy KW - Binge eating KW - Eating disorders KW - Perfectionism KW - Bulimia nervosa KW - Selfhelp KW - article UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57276093?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aassia&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Behaviour+Research+and+Therapy&rft.atitle=A+randomised+trial+investigating+guided+self-help+to+reduce+perfectionism+and+its+impact+on+bulimia+nervosa%3A+A+pilot+study&rft.au=Steele%2C+Anna+L%3BWade%2C+Tracey+D&rft.aulast=Steele&rft.aufirst=Anna&rft.date=2008-12-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1316&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Behaviour+Research+and+Therapy&rft.issn=00057967&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.brat.2008.09.006 LA - English DB - Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA) N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-03 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - CODEN - BRTHAA N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bulimia nervosa; Cognitive behaviour therapy; Perfectionism; Selfhelp; Binge eating; Eating disorders DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2008.09.006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An open trial of group metacognitive therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder AN - 57273090; 200902413 AB - Research supporting the metacognitive model of OCD (Wells, A. (2000). Emotional disorders and metacognitions: Innovative cognitive therapy. West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons; Wells, A. (1997). Cognitive therapy of anxiety disorders: A practice manual and conceptual guide. Chichester, UK: John Wiley and Sons) is beginning to accumulate Metacognitive Therapy (MCT) aims to teach clients to shift to a 'metacognitive mode' and incorporates cognitive strategies and behavioural experiments, with the aim of modifying maladaptive metacognitive beliefs rather than the content of anxious beliefs themselves. The current paper reports on a preliminary study, applying MCT in a clinical group setting with eight adults suffering from a variety of OCD presentations. Promising results indicate a larger randomised controlled trial, with recovery achieved for seven of the eight participants on the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale at 3-month follow-up. All participants demonstrated improvement on measures of OCD symptom severity and metacognitions. [Copyright 2008 Elsevier Ltd.] JF - Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry AU - Rees, Clare S AU - van Koesveld, Kate E AD - School of Psychology, Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Kent Street, GPO Box U1987, Bentley, WA 6845, Australia c.rees@curtin.edu.au Y1 - 2008/12// PY - 2008 DA - December 2008 SP - 451 EP - 458 PB - Elsevier Science, Amsterdam The Netherlands VL - 39 IS - 4 SN - 0005-7916, 0005-7916 KW - Obsessive-compulsive disorder Metacognitive model Metacognitive therapy Group treatment KW - Group therapy KW - Cognitive therapy KW - Metacognition KW - Obsessive-Compulsive neuroses KW - article UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57273090?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aassia&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Behavior+Therapy+and+Experimental+Psychiatry&rft.atitle=An+open+trial+of+group+metacognitive+therapy+for+obsessive-compulsive+disorder&rft.au=Rees%2C+Clare+S%3Bvan+Koesveld%2C+Kate+E&rft.aulast=Rees&rft.aufirst=Clare&rft.date=2008-12-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=451&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Behavior+Therapy+and+Experimental+Psychiatry&rft.issn=00057916&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jbtep.2007.11.004 LA - English DB - Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA) N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-03 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - CODEN - JBTEAB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Obsessive-Compulsive neuroses; Cognitive therapy; Metacognition; Group therapy DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbtep.2007.11.004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Women's experiences of using a Snoezelen room during labour in Western Australia AN - 57271319; 200903807 AB - Objective to explore women's experience of using a Snoezelen room during their labour. Design a qualitative exploratory design was conducted to provide insight into the phenomenon of using a Snoezelen room for labouring women and to identify factors that could facilitate or inhibit use of this environment. The constant comparison method modified from the grounded theory methodology was used to analyse data from in-depth interviews. Setting Osborne Park Hospital, the second largest public provider of obstetric services in Western Australia, was the study setting. Participants sixteen women, recruited from July 2005 to June 2006, agreed to participate in an in-depth interview and share their experience of using the Snoezelen room during a recent labour. Findings six themes were extracted from the data providing insight into what a Snoezelen environment can offer a labouring woman: distraction; relaxation; comfort; environmental control; choice of complementary therapies; and safety in a home-like atmosphere. Additional categories revealed factors that facilitated and/or detracted use of the room such as familiarity with features, being offered information and choice, timing in labour, the support person's response and working order of the room's features. Implications for practice when sharing their experience, women focused upon the process of their labour and how they managed this process rather than specific outcomes such as analgesic used or type of birth. Although outcomes such as type of birth may not have been their preferred choice, these women were able to achieve satisfaction with how they managed their labour while in the Snoezelen room. This midwifery-led initiative contributed to these women's labour experiences, by offering a combination of complementary therapies within the safety of a hospital environment. [Copyright 2008 Elsevier Ltd.] JF - Midwifery AU - Hauck, Yvonne AU - Rivers, Catherine AU - Doherty, Kathleen AD - School of Nursing and Midwifery, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia Y1 - 2008/12// PY - 2008 DA - December 2008 SP - 460 EP - 470 PB - Elsevier Ltd, The Netherlands VL - 24 IS - 4 SN - 0266-6138, 0266-6138 KW - Snoezelen Childbirth Labour KW - Childbirth KW - Patient satisfaction KW - Birth centres KW - Western Australia KW - Pregnant women KW - article UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57271319?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aassia&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Midwifery&rft.atitle=Women%27s+experiences+of+using+a+Snoezelen+room+during+labour+in+Western+Australia&rft.au=Hauck%2C+Yvonne%3BRivers%2C+Catherine%3BDoherty%2C+Kathleen&rft.aulast=Hauck&rft.aufirst=Yvonne&rft.date=2008-12-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=460&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Midwifery&rft.issn=02666138&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.midw.2007.03.007 LA - English DB - Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA) N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pregnant women; Childbirth; Western Australia; Birth centres; Patient satisfaction DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2007.03.007 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Health Promotion Dreaming: 6th Eberhard Wenzel Memorial Oration AN - 57244947; 200901153 AB - The Eberhard Wenzel Memorial Oration was established in honour of the memory of Eberhaed Wenzel (1950-2001), an inspiring Australian advocate for health promotion for more then 20 years, The oration has become an annual event in conferences held by the Australian Health promotion Association for the past seven years, Just before he died, Eberhard was nominated for an award and the following is a quote from the nomination. "Eberhard has maintained the best public health website in the world and has supported, through his email list, communications between many different parts of the public health community around the world he has sifted and sorted through a drift of chaff and sieved but the critical and relevant and passed it on through multiple mixed networks. He has editorialized with insight, kindness and the occasional blowtorch. Eberhard has contributed to warmer, firmer, closer forms of solidarity between different members of the family, in particular through his work with indigenous people. His work is characterised by a passion for justice and a fair go and intolerance for hypocrisy and guile.". Adapted from the source document. JF - Health Promotion Journal of Australia AU - Baum, Fran AD - Department of Public Health, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide South Australia, 5001 Fax: 08 8374 0230 Fran.Baum@flinders.edu.au Y1 - 2008/12// PY - 2008 DA - December 2008 SP - 174 EP - 178 PB - PO Box 351, North Melbourne, Victoria 3051 Australia VL - 19 IS - 3 SN - 1036-1073, 1036-1073 KW - Honour KW - Nominations KW - Memorials KW - Public health KW - Health promotion KW - article UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57244947?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aassia&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+Promotion+Journal+of+Australia&rft.atitle=Health+Promotion+Dreaming%3A+6th+Eberhard+Wenzel+Memorial+Oration&rft.au=Baum%2C+Fran&rft.aulast=Baum&rft.aufirst=Fran&rft.date=2008-12-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=174&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+Promotion+Journal+of+Australia&rft.issn=10361073&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA) N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-03 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Health promotion; Public health; Memorials; Nominations; Honour ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mortality in the Medicare Population and Chronic Exposure to Fine Particulate Air Pollution in Urban Centers (2000-2005) AN - 21180444; 11399602 AB - BACKGROUND: Prospective cohort studies constitute the major source of evidence about the mortality effects of chronic exposure to particulate air pollution. Additional studies are needed to provide evidence on the health effects of chronic exposure to particulate matter or = 2.5 microm in aerodynamic diameter (PM(2.5)) because few studies have been carried out and the cohorts have not been representative. OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to estimate the relative risk of death associated with long-term exposure to PM(2.5) by region and age groups in a U.S. population of elderly, for the period 2000-2005. METHODS: By linking PM(2.5) monitoring data to the Medicare billing claims by ZIP code of residence of the enrollees, we have developed a new retrospective cohort study, the Medicare Cohort Air Pollution Study. The study population comprises 13.2 million participants living in 4,568 ZIP codes having centroids within 6 miles of a PM(2.5) monitor. We estimated relative risks adjusted by socioeconomic status and smoking by fitting log-linear regression models. RESULTS: In the eastern and central regions, a 10-microg/m(3) increase in 6-year average of PM(2.5) is associated with 6.8% [95% confidence interval (CI), 4.9-8.7%] and 13.2% (95% CI, 9.5-16.9) increases in mortality, respectively. We found no evidence of an association in the western region or for persons or = 85 years of age. CONCLUSIONS: We established a cohort of Medicare participants for investigating air pollution and mortality on longer-term time frames. Chronic exposure to PM(2.5) was associated with mortality in the eastern and central regions, but not in the western United States. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Zeger, Scott L AU - Dominici, Francesca AU - McDermott, Aidan AU - Samet, Jonathan M Y1 - 2008/12// PY - 2008 DA - Dec 2008 SP - 1614 EP - 1619 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 12 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Mortality KW - age groups KW - Age KW - Pollution effects KW - Socioeconomics KW - Particulates KW - Air pollution KW - Smoking KW - USA KW - Aerodynamics KW - elderly KW - Urban areas KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21180444?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Mortality+in+the+Medicare+Population+and+Chronic+Exposure+to+Fine+Particulate+Air+Pollution+in+Urban+Centers+%282000-2005%29&rft.au=Zeger%2C+Scott+L%3BDominici%2C+Francesca%3BMcDermott%2C+Aidan%3BSamet%2C+Jonathan+M&rft.aulast=Zeger&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.date=2008-12-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1614&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air pollution; age groups; Smoking; Mortality; Age; Aerodynamics; Socioeconomics; Pollution effects; Particulates; elderly; Urban areas; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hormone Disruption by PBDEs in Adult Male Sport Fish Consumers AN - 21180409; 11399598 AB - BACKGROUND: Persistent pollutants, such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), affect endocrine function. Human exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), which are similar in structure to PCBs, has increased recently, but health effects have not been well studied. OBJECTIVES: Our goal in this study was to determine whether PBDE body burdens are related to thyroid and steroid hormone levels, thyroid antibodies, and thyroid disease in a cohort of frequent and infrequent adult male sport fish consumers. METHODS: We tested serum from 405 adult males for PBDE congeners, PCB congeners, testosterone, sex-hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), SHBG-bound testosterone, thyroglobulin antibodies, and the thyroid hormones thyroxine (T(4)), triiodothyronine (T(3)), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and T(4)-binding globulin (TBG). We collected data on demographics, fish consumption, medical diseases, and medication use. RESULTS: The median sum of PBDEs was 38 ng/g lipid. In 308 men without thyroid disease or diabetes, PBDEs were positively related to measures of T(4) and reverse T(3) and inversely related to total T(3) and TSH. PBDEs were positively related to the percentage of T(4) bound to albumin, and inversely related to the percentage of T(4) bound to TBG. Associations of BDE congeners with hormones varied. BDE-47 was positively associated with testosterone levels. Participants with PBDEs over the 95th percentile were more likely to have thyroglobulin antibodies, although high PBDE exposure was not associated with thyroid disease. PBDE effects were independent of PCB exposure and sport fish consumption. CONCLUSIONS: PBDE exposure, at levels comparable with those of the general U.S. population, was associated with increased thyroglobulin antibodies and increased T(4) in adult males. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Turyk, Mary E AU - Persky, Victoria W AU - Imm, Pamela AU - Knobeloch, Lynda AU - Chatterton, Robert AU - Anderson, Henry A Y1 - 2008/12// PY - 2008 DA - Dec 2008 SP - 1635 EP - 1641 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 12 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Physical Education Index KW - Blood KW - Testosterone KW - Lipids KW - Adults KW - Diseases KW - Sports KW - Hormones KW - Steroids KW - Demographics KW - PE 090:Sports Medicine & Exercise Sport Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21180409?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aphysicaleducation&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Hormone+Disruption+by+PBDEs+in+Adult+Male+Sport+Fish+Consumers&rft.au=Turyk%2C+Mary+E%3BPersky%2C+Victoria+W%3BImm%2C+Pamela%3BKnobeloch%2C+Lynda%3BChatterton%2C+Robert%3BAnderson%2C+Henry+A&rft.aulast=Turyk&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=2008-12-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1635&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Physical Education Index N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Blood; Testosterone; Lipids; Diseases; Adults; Sports; Steroids; Hormones; Demographics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Speciation of Arsenic in Exfoliated Urinary Bladder Epithelial Cells from Individuals Exposed to Arsenic in Drinking Water AN - 21180291; 11399596 AB - BACKGROUND: The concentration of arsenic in urine has been used as a marker of exposure to inorganic As (iAs). Relative proportions of urinary metabolites of iAs have been identified as potential biomarkers of susceptibility to iAs toxicity. However, the adverse effects of iAs exposure are ultimately determined by the concentrations of iAs metabolites in target tissues. OBJECTIVE: In this study we examined the feasibility of analyzing As species in cells that originate in the urinary bladder, a target organ for As-induced cancer in humans. METHODS: Exfoliated bladder epithelial cells (BECs) were collected from urine of 21 residents of Zimapan, Mexico, who were exposed to iAs in drinking water. We determined concentrations of iAs, methyl-As (MAs), and dimethyl-As (DMAs) in urine using conventional hydride generation-cryotrapping-atomic absorption spectrometry (HG-CT-AAS). We used an optimized HG-CT-AAS technique with detection limits of 12-17 pg As for analysis of As species in BECs. RESULTS: All urine samples and 20 of 21 BEC samples contained detectable concentrations of iAs, MAs, and DMAs. Sums of concentrations of these As species in BECs ranged from 0.18 to 11.4 ng As/mg protein and in urine from 4.8 to 1,947 ng As/mL. We found no correlations between the concentrations or ratios of As species in BECs and in urine. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that urinary levels of iAs metabolites do not necessarily reflect levels of these metabolites in the bladder epithelium. Thus, analysis of As species in BECs may provide a more effective tool for risk assessment of bladder cancer and other urothelial diseases associated with exposures to iAs. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Hernandez-Zavala, Araceli AU - Valenzuela, Olga L AU - Matousek, Tomas AU - Drobna, Zuzana AU - Dedina, Jiri AU - Garcia-Vargas, Gonzalo G AU - Thomas, David J AU - Del Razo, Luz M AU - Styblo, Miroslav Y1 - 2008/12// PY - 2008 DA - Dec 2008 SP - 1656 EP - 1660 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 12 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24360:Metals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21180291?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Speciation+of+Arsenic+in+Exfoliated+Urinary+Bladder+Epithelial+Cells+from+Individuals+Exposed+to+Arsenic+in+Drinking+Water&rft.au=Hernandez-Zavala%2C+Araceli%3BValenzuela%2C+Olga+L%3BMatousek%2C+Tomas%3BDrobna%2C+Zuzana%3BDedina%2C+Jiri%3BGarcia-Vargas%2C+Gonzalo+G%3BThomas%2C+David+J%3BDel+Razo%2C+Luz+M%3BStyblo%2C+Miroslav&rft.aulast=Hernandez-Zavala&rft.aufirst=Araceli&rft.date=2008-12-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1656&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Endothelial Dysfunction: Associations with Exposure to Ambient Fine Particles in Diabetic Individuals AN - 21178811; 11399594 AB - BACKGROUND: Exposure to fine airborne particulate matter [ or =2.5 microm in aerodynamic diameter (PM(2.5))] has been associated with cardiovascular and hematologic effects, especially in older people with cardiovascular disease. Some epidemiologic studies suggest that adults with diabetes also may be a particularly susceptible population. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to analyze the short-term effects of ambient PM(2.5) on markers of endothelial function in diabetic volunteers. METHODS: We conducted a prospective panel study in 22 people with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Chapel Hill, North Carolina (USA), from November 2004 to December 2005. We acquired daily measurements of PM(2.5) and meteorologic data at central monitoring sites. On 4 consecutive days, we measured endothelial function by brachial artery ultrasound in all participants and by pulsewave measurements in a subgroup. Data were analyzed using additive mixed models with a random participant effect and adjusted for season, day of the week, and meteorology. RESULTS: Flow-mediated dilatation decreased in association with PM(2.5) during the first 24 hr, whereas small-artery elasticity index decreased with a delay of 1 and 3 days. These PM(2.5)-associated decrements in endothelial function were greater among participants with a high body mass index, high glycosylated hemoglobin A1c, low adiponectin, or the null polymorphism of glutathione S-transferase M1. However, high levels of myeloperoxidase on the examination day led to strongest effects on endothelial dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS: These data demonstrate that PM(2.5) exposure may cause immediate endothelial dysfunction. Clinical characteristics associated with insulin resistance were associated with enhanced effects of PM on endothelial function. In addition, participants with greater oxidative potential seem to be more susceptible. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Schneider, Alexandra AU - Neas, Lucas AU - Herbst, Margaret C AU - Case, Martin AU - Williams, Ronald W AU - Cascio, Wayne AU - Hinderliter, Alan AU - Holguin, Fernando AU - Buse, John B AU - Dungan, Kathleen AU - Styner, Maya AU - Peters, Annette AU - Devlin, Robert B Y1 - 2008/12// PY - 2008 DA - Dec 2008 SP - 1666 EP - 1674 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 12 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21178811?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Endothelial+Dysfunction%3A+Associations+with+Exposure+to+Ambient+Fine+Particles+in+Diabetic+Individuals&rft.au=Schneider%2C+Alexandra%3BNeas%2C+Lucas%3BHerbst%2C+Margaret+C%3BCase%2C+Martin%3BWilliams%2C+Ronald+W%3BCascio%2C+Wayne%3BHinderliter%2C+Alan%3BHolguin%2C+Fernando%3BBuse%2C+John+B%3BDungan%2C+Kathleen%3BStyner%2C+Maya%3BPeters%2C+Annette%3BDevlin%2C+Robert+B&rft.aulast=Schneider&rft.aufirst=Alexandra&rft.date=2008-12-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1666&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chronic Exposure to Ambient Ozone and Asthma Hospital Admissions among Children AN - 21174562; 11399523 AB - BACKGROUND: The association between chronic exposure to air pollution and adverse health outcomes has not been well studied. OBJECTIVE: This project investigated the impact of chronic exposure to high ozone levels on childhood asthma admissions in New York State. METHODS: We followed a birth cohort born in New York State during 1995-1999 to first asthma admission or until 31 December 2000. We identified births and asthma admissions through the New York State Integrated Child Health Information System and linked these data with ambient ozone data (8-hr maximum) from the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation. We defined chronic ozone exposure using three indicators: mean concentration during the follow-up period, mean concentration during the ozone season, and proportion of follow-up days with ozone levels 70 ppb. We performed logistic regression analysis to adjust for child's age, sex, birth weight, and gestational age; maternal race/ethnicity, age, education, insurance status, smoking during pregnancy, and poverty level; and geographic region, temperature, and co-pollutants. RESULTS: Asthma admissions were significantly associated with increased ozone levels for all chronic exposure indicators (odds ratios, 1.16-1.68), with a positive dose-response relationship. We found stronger associations among younger children, low sociodemographic groups, and New York City residents as effect modifiers. CONCLUSION: Chronic exposure to ambient ozone may increase the risk of asthma admissions among children. Younger children and those in low socioeconomic groups have a greater risk of asthma than do other children at the same ozone level. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Lin, Shao AU - Liu, Xiu AU - Le, Linh H AU - Hwang, Syni-An Y1 - 2008/12// PY - 2008 DA - Dec 2008 SP - 1725 EP - 1730 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 12 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Age KW - Temperature KW - Asthma KW - Socioeconomics KW - Respiratory diseases KW - Children KW - Insurance KW - Pregnancy KW - Air pollution KW - Smoking KW - USA, New York, New York City KW - Education KW - poverty KW - Dose-response effects KW - Conservation KW - Ethnic groups KW - Urban areas KW - Ozone KW - Information systems KW - Hospitals KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21174562?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Chronic+Exposure+to+Ambient+Ozone+and+Asthma+Hospital+Admissions+among+Children&rft.au=Lin%2C+Shao%3BLiu%2C+Xiu%3BLe%2C+Linh+H%3BHwang%2C+Syni-An&rft.aulast=Lin&rft.aufirst=Shao&rft.date=2008-12-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1725&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Age; Temperature; Socioeconomics; Asthma; Respiratory diseases; Children; Insurance; Pregnancy; Air pollution; Smoking; Education; poverty; Dose-response effects; Conservation; Ethnic groups; Hospitals; Information systems; Ozone; Urban areas; USA, New York, New York City ER - TY - JOUR T1 - G-Protein-Coupled Receptor 30 and Estrogen Receptor-[alpha] Are Involved in the Proliferative Effects Induced by Atrazine in Ovarian Cancer Cells AN - 21174535; 11399514 AB - BACKGROUND: Atrazine, one of the most common pesticide contaminants, has been shown to up-regulate aromatase activity in certain estrogen-sensitive tumors without binding or activating the estrogen receptor (ER). Recent investigations have demonstrated that the orphan G-protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30), which is structurally unrelated to the ER, mediates rapid actions of 17beta-estradiol and environmental estrogens. OBJECTIVES: Given the ability of atrazine to exert estrogen-like activity in cancer cells, we evaluated the potential of atrazine to signal through GPR30 in stimulating biological responses in cancer cells. METHODS AND RESULTS: Atrazine did not transactivate the endogenous ERalpha in different cancer cell contexts or chimeric proteins encoding the ERalpha and ERbeta hormone-binding domain in gene reporter assays. Moreover, atrazine neither regulated the expression of ERalpha nor stimulated aromatase activity. Interestingly, atrazine induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation and the expression of estrogen target genes. Using specific signaling inhibitors and gene silencing, we demonstrated that atrazine stimulated the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells through the GPR30-epidermal growth factor receptor transduction pathway and the involvement of ERalpha. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate a novel mechanism through which atrazine may exert relevant biological effects in cancer cells. On the basis of the present data, atrazine should be included among the environmental contaminants potentially able to signal via GPR30 in eliciting estrogenic action. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Albanito, Lidia AU - Lappano, Rosamaria AU - Madeo, Antonio AU - Chimento, Adele AU - Prossnitz, Eric R AU - Cappello, Anna Rita AU - Dolce, Vincenza AU - Abonante, Sergio AU - Pezzi, Vincenzo AU - Maggiolini, Marcello Y1 - 2008/12// PY - 2008 DA - Dec 2008 SP - 1648 EP - 1655 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 12 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24330:Agrochemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21174535?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=G-Protein-Coupled+Receptor+30+and+Estrogen+Receptor-%5Balpha%5D+Are+Involved+in+the+Proliferative+Effects+Induced+by+Atrazine+in+Ovarian+Cancer+Cells&rft.au=Albanito%2C+Lidia%3BLappano%2C+Rosamaria%3BMadeo%2C+Antonio%3BChimento%2C+Adele%3BProssnitz%2C+Eric+R%3BCappello%2C+Anna+Rita%3BDolce%2C+Vincenza%3BAbonante%2C+Sergio%3BPezzi%2C+Vincenzo%3BMaggiolini%2C+Marcello&rft.aulast=Albanito&rft.aufirst=Lidia&rft.date=2008-12-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1648&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Respiratory Cancer and Inhaled Inorganic Arsenic in Copper Smelters Workers: A Linear Relationship with Cumulative Exposure that Increases with Concentration AN - 21173310; 11399595 AB - BACKGROUND: Inhalation of high levels of airborne inorganic arsenic is a recognized cause of respiratory cancer. Although multiple epidemiologic studies have demonstrated this association, there have been few analyses of the mathematical relationship between cumulative arsenic exposure and risk of respiratory cancer, and no assessment as to whether and how arsenic concentration may modify this association. OBJECTIVES: The objective is an evaluation of the shape of the relationship between respiratory cancer mortality and cumulative inhaled arsenic exposure among copper smelter workers, and the modification of that relationship by arsenic concentration. METHODS: We used Poisson regression methods to analyze data from a cohort of arsenic-exposed copper smelter workers under a linear-exponential model for the excess relative risk. RESULTS: Within categories of arsenic concentration, the association between respiratory cancer and cumulative arsenic exposure was consistent with linearity. The slope of the linear relationship with cumulative exposure increased with increasing arsenic concentration category. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggested a direct concentration effect from inhaled inorganic arsenic, whereby the excess relative risk for a fixed cumulative exposure was greater when delivered at a higher concentration and shorter duration than when delivered at a lower concentration and longer duration. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Lubin, Jay H AU - Moore, Lee E AU - Fraumeni, Joseph F AU - Cantor, Kenneth P Y1 - 2008/12// PY - 2008 DA - Dec 2008 SP - 1661 EP - 1665 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 12 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24360:Metals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21173310?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Respiratory+Cancer+and+Inhaled+Inorganic+Arsenic+in+Copper+Smelters+Workers%3A+A+Linear+Relationship+with+Cumulative+Exposure+that+Increases+with+Concentration&rft.au=Lubin%2C+Jay+H%3BMoore%2C+Lee+E%3BFraumeni%2C+Joseph+F%3BCantor%2C+Kenneth+P&rft.aulast=Lubin&rft.aufirst=Jay&rft.date=2008-12-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1661&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Framework for Widespread Replication of a Highly Spatially Resolved Childhood Lead Exposure Risk Model AN - 21173290; 11399585 AB - BACKGROUND: Preventive approaches to childhood lead poisoning are critical for addressing this longstanding environmental health concern. Moreover, increasing evidence of cognitive effects of blood lead levels 10 microg/dL highlights the need for improved exposure prevention interventions. OBJECTIVES: Geographic information system-based childhood lead exposure risk models, especially if executed at highly resolved spatial scales, can help identify children most at risk of lead exposure, as well as prioritize and direct housing and health-protective intervention programs. However, developing highly resolved spatial data requires labor-and time-intensive geocoding and analytical processes. In this study we evaluated the benefit of increased effort spent geocoding in terms of improved performance of lead exposure risk models. METHODS: We constructed three childhood lead exposure risk models based on established methods but using different levels of geocoded data from blood lead surveillance, county tax assessors, and the 2000 U.S. Census for 18 counties in North Carolina. We used the results to predict lead exposure risk levels mapped at the individual tax parcel unit. RESULTS: The models performed well enough to identify high-risk areas for targeted intervention, even with a relatively low level of effort on geocoding. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates the feasibility of widespread replication of highly spatially resolved childhood lead exposure risk models. The models guide resource-constrained local health and housing departments and community-based organizations on how best to expend their efforts in preventing and mitigating lead exposure risk in their communities. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Kim, Dohyeong AU - Overstreet Galeano, M Alicia AU - Hull, Andrew AU - Miranda, Marie Lynn Y1 - 2008/12// PY - 2008 DA - Dec 2008 SP - 1735 EP - 1739 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 12 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24360:Metals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21173290?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=A+Framework+for+Widespread+Replication+of+a+Highly+Spatially+Resolved+Childhood+Lead+Exposure+Risk+Model&rft.au=Kim%2C+Dohyeong%3BOverstreet+Galeano%2C+M+Alicia%3BHull%2C+Andrew%3BMiranda%2C+Marie+Lynn&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Dohyeong&rft.date=2008-12-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1735&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acute Toxicity and Prothrombotic Effects of Quantum Dots: Impact of Surface Charge AN - 21152601; 11399601 AB - BACKGROUND: Quantum dots (QDs) have numerous possible applications for in vivo imaging. However, toxicity data are scarce. OBJECTIVES: To determine the acute in vivo toxicity of QDs with carboxyl surface coating (carboxyl-QDs) and QDs with amine surface coating (amine-QDs), we investigated the inflammatory properties, tissue distribution, and prothrombotic effects after intravenous injection. METHODS: We performed particle characterization by transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering. Carboxyl-QDs and amine-QDs were intravenously injected in mice (1.44-3,600 pmol/mouse). At different time intervals, analyses included fluorescence microscopy, blood cell analysis, bronchoalveolar lavage, wet and dry organ weights, and cadmium concentration in various organs. We examined the prothrombotic effects in vivo by assessing the effect of pretreatment with the anticoagulant heparin and by measuring platelet activation (P-selectin), and in vitro by platelet aggregation in murine and human platelet-rich plasma exposed to QDs (1.44-1,620 pmol/mL). RESULTS: At doses of 3,600 and 720 pmol/mouse, QDs caused marked vascular thrombosis in the pulmonary circulation, especially with carboxyl-QDs. We saw an effect of surface charge for all the parameters tested. QDs were mainly found in lung, liver, and blood. Thrombotic complications were abolished, and P-selectin was not affected by pretreatment of the animals with heparin. In vitro, carboxyl-QDs and amine-QDs enhanced adenosine-5'-diphosphate-induced platelet aggregation. CONCLUSION: At high doses, QDs caused pulmonary vascular thrombosis, most likely by activating the coagulation cascade via contact activation. Our study highlights the need for careful safety evaluation of QDs before their use in human applications. Furthermore, it is clear that surface charge is an important parameter in nanotoxicity. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Geys, Jorina AU - Nemmar, Abderrahim AU - Verbeken, Erik AU - Smolders, Erik AU - Ratoi, Monica AU - Hoylaerts, Marc F AU - Nemery, Benoit AU - Hoet, Peter H M Y1 - 2008/12// PY - 2008 DA - Dec 2008 SP - 1607 EP - 1613 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 12 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24360:Metals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21152601?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Acute+Toxicity+and+Prothrombotic+Effects+of+Quantum+Dots%3A+Impact+of+Surface+Charge&rft.au=Geys%2C+Jorina%3BNemmar%2C+Abderrahim%3BVerbeken%2C+Erik%3BSmolders%2C+Erik%3BRatoi%2C+Monica%3BHoylaerts%2C+Marc+F%3BNemery%2C+Benoit%3BHoet%2C+Peter+H+M&rft.aulast=Geys&rft.aufirst=Jorina&rft.date=2008-12-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1607&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Depression and Pesticide Exposures among Private Pesticide Applicators Enrolled in the Agricultural Health Study AN - 21150181; 11399587 AB - BACKGROUND: We evaluated the relationship between diagnosed depression and pesticide exposure using information from private pesticide applicators enrolled in the Agricultural Health Study between 1993 and 1997 in Iowa and North Carolina. METHODS: There were 534 cases who self-reported a physician-diagnosed depression and 17,051 controls who reported never having been diagnosed with depression and did not feel depressed more than once a week in the past year. Lifetime pesticide exposure was categorized in three mutually exclusive groups: low ( 226 days, the reference group), intermediate (226-752 days), and high ( 752 days). Two additional measures represented acute high-intensity pesticide exposures: an unusually high pesticide exposure event (HPEE) and physician-diagnosed pesticide poisoning. Logistic regression analyses were performed relating pesticide exposure to depression. RESULTS: After adjusting for state, age, education, marital status, doctor visits, alcohol use, smoking, solvent exposure, not currently having crops or animals, and ever working a job off the farm, pesticide poisoning was more strongly associated with depression [odds ratio (OR) = 2.57; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.74-3.79] than intermediate (OR = 1.07; 95% CI, 0.87-1.31) or high (OR = 1.11; 95% CI, 0.87-1.42) cumulative exposure or an HPEE (OR = 1.65; 95% CI, 1.33-2.05). In analysis of a subgroup without a history of acute poisoning, high cumulative exposure was significantly associated with depression (OR = 1.54; 95% CI, 1.16-2.04). CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that both acute high-intensity and cumulative pesticide exposure may contribute to depression in pesticide applicators. Our study is unique in reporting that depression is also associated with chronic pesticide exposure in the absence of a physician-diagnosed poisoning. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Beseler, Cheryl L AU - Stallones, Lorann AU - Hoppin, Jane A AU - Alavanja, Michael C R AU - Blair, Aaron AU - Keefe, Thomas AU - Kamel, Freya Y1 - 2008/12// PY - 2008 DA - Dec 2008 SP - 1713 EP - 1719 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 12 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24380:Social Poisons & Drug Abuse UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21150181?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Depression+and+Pesticide+Exposures+among+Private+Pesticide+Applicators+Enrolled+in+the+Agricultural+Health+Study&rft.au=Beseler%2C+Cheryl+L%3BStallones%2C+Lorann%3BHoppin%2C+Jane+A%3BAlavanja%2C+Michael+C+R%3BBlair%2C+Aaron%3BKeefe%2C+Thomas%3BKamel%2C+Freya&rft.aulast=Beseler&rft.aufirst=Cheryl&rft.date=2008-12-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1713&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simultaneous prediction of toxicity of multiple chemicals to multiple species using multi-dimensional functional relationships AN - 21106011; 11136693 AB - A theoretical model is developed for the estimation of the toxicity of a large number of chemicals to a group of species for which the log-toxicity values have strong linear relationships. The model is a multi-dimensional functional relationship (FR) that allows for many missing values. It depends on an unobserved variate (denoted by in the text), with a value for each chemical; for each species, the expectations of the log-toxicity values are each linearly related to . There are worthwhile gains in multi-dimensional over the two-dimensional FRs hitherto used. The model is applied to data on the toxicity of 51 chemicals to 10 species. It allows for species to have unequal variance about their expectations. There is good prediction of log-toxicity from measurements on other species where only 30% of the combinations were measured even when the taxa are not closely related. Among the uses for this technique are (i) to predict toxicity for combinations of species and chemicals that have not been measured, (ii) to suggest a suitable range of concentrations for a new bioassay, (iii) identifying specificity, that is, chemicals that have a different relative toxicity for a particular species. JF - Environmetrics AU - Morton, Richard AU - Warne, Michael St J AU - Correll, Raymond L AD - CSIRO Mathematical and Information Sciences, GPO Box 664, Canberra, Australia, Richard.Morton@csiro.au Y1 - 2008/12// PY - 2008 DA - Dec 2008 SP - 765 EP - 784 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA VL - 19 IS - 8 SN - 1180-4009, 1180-4009 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Chemicals KW - Bioassays KW - Data processing KW - taxa KW - Toxicity KW - Models KW - ENA 21:Wildlife KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - X 24300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21106011?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmetrics&rft.atitle=Simultaneous+prediction+of+toxicity+of+multiple+chemicals+to+multiple+species+using+multi-dimensional+functional+relationships&rft.au=Morton%2C+Richard%3BWarne%2C+Michael+St+J%3BCorrell%2C+Raymond+L&rft.aulast=Morton&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2008-12-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=765&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmetrics&rft.issn=11804009&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fenv.892 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data processing; Toxicity; Models; Chemicals; Bioassays; taxa DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/env.892 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - HLA-A2-restricted CTL epitopes of a novel lung cancer-associated cancer testis antigen, cell division cycle associated 1, can induce tumor-reactive CTL AN - 20628620; 9355947 AB - Toward the development of a novel cancer immunotherapy, we have previously identified several tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) and the epitopes recognized by human histocompatibility leukocyte (HLA)-A2/A24-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL). In this study, we tried to identify a TAA of lung cancer (LC) and its HLA-A2 restricted CTL epitopes to provide a target antigen useful for cancer immunotherapy of LC. We identified a novel cancer testis antigen, cell division cycle associated gene 1 (CDCA1), overexpressed in nonsmall cell LC using a cDNA microarray analysis. The expression levels of CDCA1 were also increased in the majority of small cell LC, cholangiocellular cancer, urinary bladder cancer and renal cell cancers. We used HLA-A2.1 transgenic mice to identify the HLA-A2 (A*0201)-restricted CDCA1 epitopes recognized by mouse CTL, and we investigated whether these peptides could induce CDCA1-reactive CTLs from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of HLA-A2-positive donors and a NSCLC patient. Consequently, we found that the CDCA165-73 (YMMPVNSEV) peptide and CDCA1351-359 (KLATAQFKI) peptide could induce peptide-reactive CTLs in HLA-A2.1 transgenic mice. In HLA-A2+ donors, in vitro stimulation of PBMC with these peptides could induce peptide-reactive CTLs which killed tumor cell lines endogenously expressing both HLA-A2 and CDCA1. As a result, CDCA1 is a novel cancer-testis antigen overexpressed in LC, cholangiocellular cancer, urinary bladder cancer and renal cell cancers, and CDCA1 may therefore be an ideal TAA useful for the diagnosis and immunotherapy of these cancers. JF - International Journal of Cancer AU - Harao, Michiko AU - Hirata, Shinya AU - Irie, Atsushi AU - Senju, Satoru AU - Nakatsura, Tetsuya AU - Komori, Hiroyuki AU - Ikuta, Yoshiaki AU - Yokomine, Kazunori AU - Imai, Katsunori AU - Inoue, Mitsuhiro AU - Harada, Kumiko AU - Mori, Takeshi AU - Tsunoda, Takuya AU - Nakatsuru, Shuichi AU - Daigo, Yataro AU - Nomori, Hiroaki AU - Nakamura, Yusuke AU - Baba, Hideo AU - Nishimura, Yasuharu AD - Department of Immunogenetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan, mxnishim@gpo.kumamoto-u.ac.jp Y1 - 2008/12// PY - 2008 DA - Dec 2008 SP - 2616 EP - 2625 PB - John Wiley & Sons, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 123 IS - 11 SN - 0020-7136, 0020-7136 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Immunology Abstracts KW - Testes KW - Histocompatibility antigen HLA KW - Cycle protein KW - Urinary bladder KW - Immunotherapy KW - Transgenic mice KW - DNA microarrays KW - Peripheral blood mononuclear cells KW - Cell division KW - Cytotoxicity KW - Tumor cell lines KW - Histocompatibility KW - Antigen (tumor-associated) KW - Kidney KW - Lymphocytes T KW - Epitopes KW - Lung cancer KW - F 06915:Cancer Immunology KW - W 30945:Fermentation & Cell Culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20628620?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Cancer&rft.atitle=HLA-A2-restricted+CTL+epitopes+of+a+novel+lung+cancer-associated+cancer+testis+antigen%2C+cell+division+cycle+associated+1%2C+can+induce+tumor-reactive+CTL&rft.au=Harao%2C+Michiko%3BHirata%2C+Shinya%3BIrie%2C+Atsushi%3BSenju%2C+Satoru%3BNakatsura%2C+Tetsuya%3BKomori%2C+Hiroyuki%3BIkuta%2C+Yoshiaki%3BYokomine%2C+Kazunori%3BImai%2C+Katsunori%3BInoue%2C+Mitsuhiro%3BHarada%2C+Kumiko%3BMori%2C+Takeshi%3BTsunoda%2C+Takuya%3BNakatsuru%2C+Shuichi%3BDaigo%2C+Yataro%3BNomori%2C+Hiroaki%3BNakamura%2C+Yusuke%3BBaba%2C+Hideo%3BNishimura%2C+Yasuharu&rft.aulast=Harao&rft.aufirst=Michiko&rft.date=2008-12-01&rft.volume=123&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2616&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Cancer&rft.issn=00207136&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fijc.23823 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Histocompatibility antigen HLA; Testes; Cycle protein; Urinary bladder; Immunotherapy; Transgenic mice; DNA microarrays; Tumor cell lines; Cytotoxicity; Cell division; Peripheral blood mononuclear cells; Histocompatibility; Antigen (tumor-associated); Lymphocytes T; Kidney; Epitopes; Lung cancer DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ijc.23823 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Spatial Organisation of Women's Soccer in Adelaide: Another Tale of Spatial Inequality? AN - 20307086; 8908356 AB - AbstractAlthough sport is considered an important component of Australian society and a precious vehicle of social interaction, sports geography remains in many ways a neglected field of investigation. Nevertheless, geographical studies of sports can add valuable insights to more acknowledged geographical discourses. They can also contribute to regional sporting success. This paper analyses the current spatial organisation of women's soccer in Adelaide and outlines the unequal spatial expression of its recent professionally-oriented approach, the achievement phase. A significant proportion of Adelaide's female population experiences limited opportunity to participate fully in the sport. The sport therefore fails to maximise its human resources and its spatial organisation constitutes a limit to the competitiveness of South Australian women's soccer as a system. The paper uses the concept of social capital to explore the unequal engagement of four sub-regions in women's soccer. Many of the areas experiencing relative exclusion from women's soccer are the same ones that suffer the most from disengagement from the global economy. In those areas, socio-economic disadvantage is matched by limited opportunities for self-fulfilment through sport, and the effectiveness of social networks is weaker. This work aims to provide information for South Australian women's soccer institutions to foster enhanced equity in terms of access to the sport in metropolitan Adelaide. It also provides a base from which to investigate the reasons behind sub-regional differences in the ability to produce quality players, knowledge that, if applied to these less productive areas, may contribute to the general enhancement of overall sporting outcomes. JF - Geographical Research AU - Rosso, Edoardo AD - School of Geography, Population and Environmental Management, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia, edoardo.rosso@flinders.edu.au Y1 - 2008/12// PY - 2008 DA - Dec 2008 SP - 446 EP - 458 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road VL - 46 SN - 1745-5863, 1745-5863 KW - Physical Education Index KW - Objectives KW - Analysis KW - Women KW - Work KW - Soccer (football) KW - Sports KW - Geography KW - Knowledge KW - Achievement KW - PE 040:Sports & Athletics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20307086?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aphysicaleducation&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geographical+Research&rft.atitle=The+Spatial+Organisation+of+Women%27s+Soccer+in+Adelaide%3A+Another+Tale+of+Spatial+Inequality%3F&rft.au=Rosso%2C+Edoardo&rft.aulast=Rosso&rft.aufirst=Edoardo&rft.date=2008-12-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=&rft.spage=446&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geographical+Research&rft.issn=17455863&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1745-5871.2008.00538.x LA - English DB - Physical Education Index N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Analysis; Objectives; Women; Work; Soccer (football); Geography; Sports; Knowledge; Achievement DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-5871.2008.00538.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular systematics of social skinks: phylogeny and taxonomy of the Egernia group (Reptilia: Scincidae) AN - 20299111; 8917617 AB - The lizards of the Egernia group of Australia and Melanesia include some of the most distinctive members of the family Scincidae in morphology (including giant size, spinose scalation), ecology and behaviour. Social behaviour, including long-term recognition of individuals and kin, mate fidelity and home site fidelity, is amongst the most complex known in squamate reptiles and is the subject of an expanding number of studies. Lack of a sound phylogeny for the Egernia group has limited our ability to understand the evolution and patterns of variation in social behaviour within this group, and evidence for the monophyly of the largest genus, Egernia (64% of the species), has been lacking. We present data derived from nucleotide sequences that establish a phylogenetic framework for the Egernia group. We used two mitochondrial sequences, the protein-encoding ND4 gene and a ribosomal gene, 12s rRNA, and two nuclear sequences, the protein-encoding c-mos, and non-encoding intron 7 of beta -fibrinogen. Our phylogenetic analyses show that Corucia of the Solomon Islands is the sister group of the rest of the Egernia group. The genus Egernia is paraphyletic, including four well-supported monophyletic units, one of which is the sister lineage of the Tiliqua lineage (Tiliqua plus Cyclodomorphus). We suggest a revised taxonomic scheme that recognizes the major monophyletic lineages in Egernia (s.l.) as distinct genera.[copy 2008 The Linnean Society of London, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2008, 154, 781-794. JF - Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society AU - Gardner, Michael G AU - Hugall, Andrew F AU - Donnellan, Stephen C AU - Hutchinson, Mark N AU - Foster, Ralph AD - 1School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia Y1 - 2008/12// PY - 2008 DA - Dec 2008 SP - 781 EP - 794 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road VL - 154 SN - 0024-4082, 0024-4082 KW - Animal Behavior Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Corucia KW - Phylogeny KW - rRNA 12S KW - Skin KW - Data processing KW - Mitochondria KW - ND4 gene KW - Site fidelity KW - Lacertilia KW - Tiliqua KW - Reptilia KW - Fidelity KW - Islands KW - Scincidae KW - Cyclodomorphus KW - Sound KW - Introns KW - Social behavior KW - Taxonomy KW - Evolution KW - Y 25020:Territory, Reproduction and Sociality KW - G 07740:Evolution KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20299111?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Zoological+Journal+of+the+Linnean+Society&rft.atitle=Molecular+systematics+of+social+skinks%3A+phylogeny+and+taxonomy+of+the+Egernia+group+%28Reptilia%3A+Scincidae%29&rft.au=Gardner%2C+Michael+G%3BHugall%2C+Andrew+F%3BDonnellan%2C+Stephen+C%3BHutchinson%2C+Mark+N%3BFoster%2C+Ralph&rft.aulast=Gardner&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2008-12-01&rft.volume=154&rft.issue=&rft.spage=781&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Zoological+Journal+of+the+Linnean+Society&rft.issn=00244082&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1096-3642.2008.00422.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Phylogeny; rRNA 12S; Data processing; Skin; Mitochondria; Site fidelity; ND4 gene; Fidelity; Islands; Social behavior; Introns; Sound; Taxonomy; Evolution; Reptilia; Corucia; Scincidae; Cyclodomorphus; Lacertilia; Tiliqua DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00422.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Post-Translational Modifications of the Endogenous and Transgenic FLC Protein in Arabidopsis thaliana AN - 20273781; 8921115 AB - FLC is a MADS box transcription factor that acts as a dosage-dependent repressor of flowering. We carried out a 2D gel analysis and showed that the majority of endogenous FLC and overexpressed FLC-FLAG proteins are post-translationally modified. The endogenous and transgenic proteins have different floral repressor activities; however, they have similar, if not the same, profiles of post-translational modifications. The protein modification profile was also not changed by vernalization treatment. The activities of other MADS box proteins have been shown to be affected by phosphorylation and we found that both the endogenous FLC and the transgenic FLC-FLAG protein are phosphorylated. When eight potential serine kinase target sites in FLC were changed to mimic phosphorylated residues, expression of the mutant FLC-FLAG protein led to early flowering, suggesting that the repressive function was abolished. When the same eight serine residues were changed to non-phosphorylatable residues, expression of the resulting protein gave the same weak flowering repression as overexpressed unmodified FLC-FLAG. The non-phosphorylatable variant of FLC-FLAG showed a similar spectrum of post-translational modifications to unmodified FLC-FLAG, indicating that modifications other than the predicted phosphorylations occur. Our data provide evidence for a post-translational regulation of FLC function. JF - Plant & Cell Physiology AU - Robertson, Masumi AU - Helliwell, Chris A AU - Dennis, Elizabeth S AD - CSIRO Plant Industry, GPO Box 1600, Canberra ACT 2601 Australia, Masumi.robertson@csiro.au Y1 - 2008/12// PY - 2008 DA - Dec 2008 SP - 1859 EP - 1866 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals, Great Clarendon Street VL - 49 IS - 12 SN - 0032-0781, 0032-0781 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Arabidopsis KW - FLC KW - Flowering time KW - Phosphorylation KW - Post-translational modification KW - Flowering KW - vernalization KW - Data processing KW - protein-serine kinase KW - Arabidopsis thaliana KW - Post-translation KW - Transcription factors KW - Repressors KW - MADS box proteins KW - W 30910:Imaging KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - N 14835:Protein-Nucleic Acids Association UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20273781?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+%26+Cell+Physiology&rft.atitle=Post-Translational+Modifications+of+the+Endogenous+and+Transgenic+FLC+Protein+in+Arabidopsis+thaliana&rft.au=Robertson%2C+Masumi%3BHelliwell%2C+Chris+A%3BDennis%2C+Elizabeth+S&rft.aulast=Robertson&rft.aufirst=Masumi&rft.date=2008-12-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1859&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+%26+Cell+Physiology&rft.issn=00320781&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fpcp%2Fpcn167 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Flowering; vernalization; protein-serine kinase; Data processing; Phosphorylation; Post-translation; Transcription factors; MADS box proteins; Repressors; Arabidopsis thaliana DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcn167 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Conservation and Adaptation to Climate Change AN - 20270197; 8908920 AB - Abstract:The need to adapt to climate change has become increasingly apparent, and many believe the practice of biodiversity conservation will need to alter to face this challenge. Conservation organizations are eager to determine how they should adapt their practices to climate change. This involves asking the fundamental question of what adaptation to climate change means. Most studies on climate change and conservation, if they consider adaptation at all, assume it is equivalent to the ability of species to adapt naturally to climate change as stated in Article 2 of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Adaptation, however, can refer to an array of activities that range from natural adaptation, at one end of the spectrum, to sustainability science in coupled human and natural systems at the other. Most conservation organizations deal with complex systems in which adaptation to climate change involves making decisions on priorities for biodiversity conservation in the face of dynamic risks and involving the public in these decisions. Discursive methods such as analytic deliberation are useful for integrating scientific knowledge with public perceptions and values, particularly when large uncertainties and risks are involved. The use of scenarios in conservation planning is a useful way to build shared understanding at the science-policy interface. Similarly, boundary organizations-organizations or institutions that bridge different scales or mediate the relationship between science and policy-could prove useful for managing the transdisciplinary nature of adaptation to climate change, providing communication and brokerage services and helping to build adaptive capacity. The fact that some nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) are active across the areas of science, policy, and practice makes them well placed to fulfill this role in integrated assessments of biodiversity conservation and adaptation to climate change. Conservacion y Adaptacion al Cambio ClimaticoResumen:La necesidad de adaptarse al cambio climatico es cada vez mas aparente, y muchos creen que la practica de la conservacion de la biodiversidad tendra que alterarse para enfrentar este reto. Las organizaciones de conservacion tienen interes en determinar como deben adaptar sus practicas al cambio climatico. Esto implica responder la pregunta fundamental de lo que significa adaptacion al cambio climatico. La mayoria de los estudios sobre cambio climatico y conservacion, si acaso consideran la adaptacion, asumen que es equivalente a la habilidad de las especies a adaptarse naturalmente al cambio climatico en los terminos del Articulo 2 de la Convencion del Cambio Climatico de las Naciones Unidas. Sin embargo, adaptacion se puede referir a un conjunto de actividades que varian entre la adaptacion natural en un extremo del espectro, y ciencia de la sustentabilidad en sistemas naturales y humanos en el otro. La mayoria de las organizaciones de conservacion tratan con sistemas complejos en los que la adaptacion al cambio climatico implica la toma de decisiones sobre prioridades para la conservacion de la biodiversidad frente a riesgos dinamicos y el involucramiento del publico en estas decisiones. Los metodos discursivos como la deliberacion analitica son utiles para la integracion de conocimiento cientifico con las percepciones y valores del publico, particularmente cuando implican grandes riesgos e incertidumbres. El uso de escenarios en la planificacion de la conservacion es una forma util para construir el entendimiento de la interfase ciencia-politica. Similarmente, las organizaciones frontera - organizaciones o instituciones que unen escalas diferentes o que median la relacion entre la ciencia y la politica - podrian ser utiles para el manejo de la naturaleza transdisciplinaria de la adaptacion al cambio climatico, para proporcionar servicios de comunicacion y correduria y para ayudar a construir capacidad adaptativa. El hecho de que algunas organizaciones no gubernamentales (ONG) son activas en las areas de la ciencia, la politica y la practica las posiciona para desempenar este papel en evaluaciones integrales de conservacion de la biodiversidad y adaptacion al cambio climatico. JF - Conservation Biology AU - Brooke, Cassandra AD - WWF-Australia, GPO Box 528, Sydney, New South Wales 2001, Australia, cbrooke@wwf.org.au Y1 - 2008/12// PY - 2008 DA - Dec 2008 SP - 1471 EP - 1476 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road VL - 22 SN - 0888-8892, 0888-8892 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Adaptations KW - science policy KW - nongovernmental organizations KW - Climate KW - Climatic changes KW - Communication KW - Biological diversity KW - Biodiversity KW - Lo KW - Sus KW - adaptability KW - Public opinion KW - Decision making KW - Communications KW - Perception KW - conservation organizations KW - Boundaries KW - Conservation KW - sustainability KW - United Nations KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20270197?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Conservation+Biology&rft.atitle=Conservation+and+Adaptation+to+Climate+Change&rft.au=Brooke%2C+Cassandra&rft.aulast=Brooke&rft.aufirst=Cassandra&rft.date=2008-12-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1471&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Conservation+Biology&rft.issn=08888892&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1523-1739.2008.01031.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Decision making; Adaptations; Perception; Climatic changes; Boundaries; Communication; Biodiversity; Conservation; Public opinion; Communications; nongovernmental organizations; science policy; conservation organizations; Climate; Biological diversity; sustainability; United Nations; adaptability; Lo; Sus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2008.01031.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Macroeconomic Policy, Growth, and Biodiversity Conservation AN - 20269504; 8908903 AB - Abstract:To successfully achieve biodiversity conservation, the amount of ecosystem structure available for economic production must be determined by, and subject to, conservation needs. As such, the scale of economic systems must remain within the limits imposed by the need to preserve critical ecosystems and the regenerative and waste assimilative capacities of the ecosphere. These limits are determined by biophysical criteria, yet macroeconomics involves the use of economic instruments designed to meet economic criteria that have no capacity to achieve biophysically based targets. Macroeconomic policy cannot, therefore, directly solve the biodiversity erosion crisis. Nevertheless, good macroeconomic policy is still important given that bad macroeconomy policy is likely to reduce human well-being and increase the likelihood of social upheaval that could undermine conservation efforts. Politica Macroeconomica, Crecimiento y Conservacion de la BiodiversidadResumen:Para lograr exito en la conservacion de la biodiversidad, la cantidad de estructura del ecosistema disponible para la produccion economica se debe determinar por, y estar sujeta a, las necesidades de conservacion. Como tal, la escala de sistemas economicos debe permanecer dentro de los limites impuestos por la necesidad de preservar ecosistemas criticos y por las capacidades regenerativas y de asimilacion de residuos de la ecosfera. Estos limites estan de determinados por criterios biofisicos, pero la macroeconomia implica el uso de instrumentos economicos disenados para cumplir criterios economicos que no tienen capacidad para alcanzar objetivos definidos biofisicamente. Por lo tanto, la politica macroeconomica no puede resolver la crisis de la erosion de la biodiversidad directamente. Sin embargo, una politica macroeconomica adecuada es importante debido a que es probable que una politica macroeconomica inadecuada reduzca el bienestar humano e incremente la posibilidad de levantamiento social que pudiera socavar los esfuerzos de conservacion. JF - Conservation Biology AU - Lawn, Philip AD - Faculty of Social Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia, phil.lawn@flinders.edu.au Y1 - 2008/12// PY - 2008 DA - Dec 2008 SP - 1418 EP - 1423 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road VL - 22 SN - 0888-8892, 0888-8892 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Wastes KW - Biological diversity KW - Biodiversity KW - Lo KW - Pero KW - Erosion KW - Growth KW - Economics KW - Conservation KW - ecosystem structure KW - Ecosystem structure KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20269504?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Conservation+Biology&rft.atitle=Macroeconomic+Policy%2C+Growth%2C+and+Biodiversity+Conservation&rft.au=Lawn%2C+Philip&rft.aulast=Lawn&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.date=2008-12-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1418&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Conservation+Biology&rft.issn=08888892&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1523-1739.2008.01092.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Economics; Wastes; Biodiversity; Conservation; Ecosystem structure; Growth; Erosion; Biological diversity; ecosystem structure; Pero; Lo DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2008.01092.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New anti-tuberculosis drugs in clinical trials with novel mechanisms of action AN - 20266116; 8869411 AB - Tuberculosis is a major health problem worldwide, with approximately 1.7 million people dying annually from the disease. The long current drug regimen, the emergence of drug resistant strains and HIV co-infection have resulted in a resurgence in research efforts to address the urgent need for new anti-tuberculosis drugs. A number of new potential anti-tuberculosis drug candidates with novel modes of action have entered clinical trials in recent years. These agents are most likely to be effective against resistant strains. We provide a concise review of their structure-activity relationships, in vitro and in vivo activity, pharmacokinetics, mechanism of action and combination regimens. JF - Drug Discovery Today AU - Rivers, E C AU - Mancera, R L AD - School of Pharmacy and School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia, R.Mancera@curtin.edu.au Y1 - 2008/12// PY - 2008 DA - Dec 2008 SP - 1090 EP - 1098 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 13 IS - 23-24 SN - 1359-6446, 1359-6446 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Human immunodeficiency virus KW - Mycobacterium KW - Reviews KW - Drug resistance KW - Tuberculosis KW - Drug development KW - Drugs KW - Clinical trials KW - Structure-activity relationships KW - Pharmacokinetics KW - J 02410:Animal Diseases KW - W 30915:Pharmaceuticals & Vaccines UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20266116?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drug+Discovery+Today&rft.atitle=New+anti-tuberculosis+drugs+in+clinical+trials+with+novel+mechanisms+of+action&rft.au=Rivers%2C+E+C%3BMancera%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Rivers&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2008-12-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=23-24&rft.spage=1090&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drug+Discovery+Today&rft.issn=13596446&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.drudis.2008.09.004 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Drug resistance; Reviews; Drug development; Tuberculosis; Structure-activity relationships; Clinical trials; Drugs; Pharmacokinetics; Mycobacterium; Human immunodeficiency virus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drudis.2008.09.004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coevolution with higher taxonomic host groups within the Puccinia/Uromyces rust lineage obscured by host jumps AN - 20053857; 8840271 AB - Partial ss-tubulin 1 sequence data were obtained for 80 taxa of Pucciniaceae, with hosts from 33 angiosperm families, covering all major ordinal groups in the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification. As in previous studies, most species of Puccinia and Uromyces fell into two main clades (I and II), with P. glechomatis and P. psidii excluded from Pucciniaceae. Results suggest two processes; a coevolution of and hosts in each clade, as well as associated frequent jumps to ecologically close, but taxonomically distant, hosts. Clade I contained all rusts on Cyperaceae and Juncaceae, and most rusts on host orders from rosids to euasterids II. Clade II contained all rusts on Poaceae, and most on host orders from monocots to core eudicots. In both main clades, several well-supported subclades were identified. The grouping in clade I, subclade E of rusts of Cyperaceae and Asteraceae and, in particular, of an Australian isolate of P. dioicae with rusts on Australian families of Asterales, suggested a local radiation, and supported the coevolutionary relationship between rusts on these two families seen with a different range of asteraceous rusts in the Northern Hemisphere. In clade I, two clades contained only rusts of Asteraceae and Fabaceae, respectively, and in clade, subclade F contained only rusts of pooid hosts. Rusts on non-pooid hosts were separated from them in subclade G. Other subclades contained a range of rusts on distantly related angiosperm families. Urediniospore morphology was often, but not always, correlated with the molecular phylogeny. Most rusts with urediniospores having few (1-5) equatorial germ pores were in clade I, whereas most with spores having several (5-14) scattered pores were in clade II. The distribution of telial host families on the ss-tubulin rust phylogeny was not random. Aecial hosts of heteroecious rusts played an important role in the evolutionary process. Possible examples of host jumps were seen in rusts on Geraniaceae, Polygonaceae, and Apiaceae. Despite such jumps obscuring past host associations, possible ancestral hosts were identified by the pattern of host distribution at higher taxonomic levels along the ss-tubulin phylogeny. Results suggest that clade I diverged with Cyperaceae, Juncaceae, and the more advanced core eudicot orders (rosids and asterids), whereas clade II diversified with earlier angiosperm groups, such as monocots, Poaceae, and Ranunculales. Qualified support was given to the hypothesis that rusts can reveal taxonomic relationships between their hosts, at genus, family, and ordinal levels. JF - Mycological Research AU - Van der Merwe, Marlien M AU - Walker, John AU - Ericson, Lars AU - Burdon, Jeremy J AD - CSIRO Plant Industry, GPO Box 1600, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia, marlien.vandermerwe@gmail.com Y1 - 2008/12// PY - 2008 DA - Dec 2008 SP - 1387 EP - 1408 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 112 IS - 12 SN - 0953-7562, 0953-7562 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Ecology Abstracts KW - Angiosperm phylogeny KW - Co-speciation KW - Host ranges KW - Pucciniaceae KW - Pucciniales KW - Rusts KW - Spore morphology KW - Geraniaceae KW - Phylogeny KW - Uromyces KW - Polygonaceae KW - Data processing KW - Ranunculales KW - Coevolution KW - Puccinia KW - Urediniospores KW - Cyperaceae KW - Asterales KW - Rust KW - Pores KW - Juncaceae KW - Classification KW - Poaceae KW - Asteraceae KW - Fabaceae KW - Apiaceae KW - Angiosperms KW - Spores KW - Evolution KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - K 03310:Genetics & Taxonomy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20053857?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mycological+Research&rft.atitle=Coevolution+with+higher+taxonomic+host+groups+within+the+Puccinia%2FUromyces+rust+lineage+obscured+by+host+jumps&rft.au=Van+der+Merwe%2C+Marlien+M%3BWalker%2C+John%3BEricson%2C+Lars%3BBurdon%2C+Jeremy+J&rft.aulast=Van+der+Merwe&rft.aufirst=Marlien&rft.date=2008-12-01&rft.volume=112&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1387&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mycological+Research&rft.issn=09537562&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.mycres.2008.06.027 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Phylogeny; Pores; Data processing; Classification; Coevolution; Urediniospores; Angiosperms; Spores; Rust; Evolution; Geraniaceae; Polygonaceae; Uromyces; Ranunculales; Puccinia; Asterales; Cyperaceae; Juncaceae; Asteraceae; Poaceae; Fabaceae; Pucciniaceae; Apiaceae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mycres.2008.06.027 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of microscale-preparative multidimensional gas chromatography with nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy for identification of pure methylnaphthalenes from crude oils AN - 19805745; 8839864 AB - Mass spectrometry is often insufficient to distinguish between structural isomers, requiring confirmation using NMR spectroscopy. Here, a novel preparative technique based upon capillary multidimensional gas chromatography to isolate pure volatile components from complex samples is described. The method was developed through isolation of 1,4-dimethoxybenzene (5.2 kg, 10 injections) from a peppermint essential oil. Then isomers of 1- and 2-methylnaphthalene were isolated from a complex crude oil in sufficient amounts (3.1 kg, 38 injections and 5.0 kg, 35 injections) for discrimination using super(1)H NMR spectroscopy. This methodology is applicable to identify any volatile molecule in complex matrices requiring confirmation using NMR spectroscopy. JF - Journal of Chromatography A AU - Eyres, Graham T AU - Urban, Sylvia AU - Morrison, Paul D AU - Marriott, Philip J AD - Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Applied Sciences, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476V, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia, philip.marriott@rmit.edu.au Y1 - 2008/12// PY - 2008 DA - Dec 2008 SP - 168 EP - 176 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 1215 IS - 1-2 SN - 0021-9673, 0021-9673 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Multidimensional gas chromatography KW - Preparative capillary gas chromatography KW - super(1)H NMR spectroscopy KW - Crude oil KW - Petroleum KW - Methylnaphthalene isomers KW - Dimethoxybenzene KW - Essential oils KW - Volatiles KW - Gas chromatography KW - Magnetic resonance spectroscopy KW - N.M.R. KW - Spectroscopy KW - Mentha piperita KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - Isomers KW - X 24300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19805745?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Chromatography+A&rft.atitle=Application+of+microscale-preparative+multidimensional+gas+chromatography+with+nuclear+magnetic+resonance+spectroscopy+for+identification+of+pure+methylnaphthalenes+from+crude+oils&rft.au=Eyres%2C+Graham+T%3BUrban%2C+Sylvia%3BMorrison%2C+Paul+D%3BMarriott%2C+Philip+J&rft.aulast=Eyres&rft.aufirst=Graham&rft.date=2008-12-01&rft.volume=1215&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=168&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Chromatography+A&rft.issn=00219673&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.chroma.2008.10.102 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Gas chromatography; Volatiles; Magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Essential oils; N.M.R.; Spectroscopy; Mass spectroscopy; Isomers; Mentha piperita DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2008.10.102 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developing an Interagency Stabilization and Reconstruction Lessons Learned Process AN - 197770496 AB - The event helped to identify recommendations for improving the effectiveness of PRTs and future models, and to start the process to conceptualize a U.S. government lessons learned system for S&R. The task force's methodology includes an informal survey of the experience and best business practices of lessons learned approaches across the federal government. Department of State, Office of the Coordinator for Reconstruction and Stabilization (S/CRS); Office of the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Stability Operations Capabilities (OSD/STB); USAID Chief Operating Officer; USAID Democracy, Conflict, and Humanitarian Assistance; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Joint Staff J-7; Joint Center for Operational Analysis; Headquarters U.S. Air Force A9L; Center for Army Lessons Learned; PKSOI; and the CCO. JF - DISAM Journal of International Security Assistance Management AU - Wendell, Chris, S/CRS AU - Killeen, Amon, OSD/STB Y1 - 2008/12// PY - 2008 DA - Dec 2008 SP - 108 EP - 109 CY - Wright-Patterson AFB PB - Defense Institute of Security Assistance Management VL - 30 IS - 4 KW - Criminology And Law Enforcement--Security KW - Armed forces KW - Task forces UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/197770496?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amilitary&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=DISAM+Journal+of+International+Security+Assistance+Management&rft.atitle=Developing+an+Interagency+Stabilization+and+Reconstruction+Lessons+Learned+Process&rft.au=Wendell%2C+Chris%2C+S%2FCRS%3BKilleen%2C+Amon%2C+OSD%2FSTB&rft.aulast=Wendell&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft.date=2008-12-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=108&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=DISAM+Journal+of+International+Security+Assistance+Management&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Central N1 - Copyright - Copyright Defense Institute of Security Assistance Management Dec 2008 N1 - Document feature - Photographs N1 - Last updated - 2011-09-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Empirical models to identify mechanisms driving reductions in tissue mercury concentration during culture of farmed southern bluefin tuna Thunnnus maccoyii AN - 19663897; 8851182 AB - Two empirical models are presented to elucidate the mechanisms driving reductions in the mercury concentration of southern bluefin tuna (SBT) during culture. Model 1 predicts temporal fluctuations in mercury concentration in response to growth dilution. Model 2 predicts the combined effects of growth dilution and linear mercury accumulation. Model 2 was found to be the more accurate model. Over a typical farming period of 136 days, growth dilution resulted in a reduction in mean mercury concentration of SBT edible tissues from 0.51mg/kg down to 0.33mg/kg. Extended culture beyond 136 days resulted in an increase in mercury concentration due to the combined effects of mercury accumulation and seasonal lipid depletion. Results indicate that under current industry practice, cultured SBT can be consumed twice as frequently as that of wild caught SBT while maintaining total dietary mercury intake below national recommendations. JF - Marine Pollution Bulletin AU - Balshaw, S AU - Edwards, J W AU - Ross, KE AU - Ellis, D AU - Padula, D J AU - Daughtry, B J AD - School of Medicine, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia, sita.balshaw@flinders.edu.au Y1 - 2008/12// PY - 2008 DA - Dec 2008 SP - 2009 EP - 2017 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 56 IS - 12 SN - 0025-326X, 0025-326X KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts KW - Thunnus KW - Tissues KW - Lipids KW - Models KW - Marine fish KW - Growth KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - Seasonal variations KW - Fish culture KW - Diets KW - Growth rate KW - Marine KW - Tuna KW - Environmental impact KW - Model Studies KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Marine pollution KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Cultures KW - Wastewater Disposal KW - Mercury KW - Culture effects KW - Marine aquaculture KW - Accumulation KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - X 24360:Metals KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality KW - Q3 08588:Effects of Aquaculture on the Environment KW - Q1 08588:Effects of Aquaculture on the Environment KW - O 4060:Pollution - Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19663897?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Empirical+models+to+identify+mechanisms+driving+reductions+in+tissue+mercury+concentration+during+culture+of+farmed+southern+bluefin+tuna+Thunnnus+maccoyii&rft.au=Balshaw%2C+S%3BEdwards%2C+J+W%3BRoss%2C+KE%3BEllis%2C+D%3BPadula%2C+D+J%3BDaughtry%2C+B+J&rft.aulast=Balshaw&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2008-12-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=2009&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.issn=0025326X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.marpolbul.2008.08.007 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fish; Growth rate; Growth; Marine pollution; Environmental impact; Culture effects; Mercury; Marine aquaculture; Fish culture; Lipids; Models; Diets; Tissues; Sulfur dioxide; Bioaccumulation; Seasonal variations; Tuna; Water Pollution Effects; Cultures; Wastewater Disposal; Accumulation; Model Studies; Thunnus; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2008.08.007 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of aerosol electrometer for ambient particle charge measurements AN - 19658821; 8771750 AB - The charge on ambient atmospheric particles is an important parameter in the investigation of particle dynamics. Yet, there is only limited knowledge available on it, mainly due to the lack of instrumentation for its direct measurement. The aim of this study was to explore the application and suitability of the Aerosol Electrometer (AE) TSI Model 3068 as a direct instrument for measuring ambient particle charge concentration, thereby extending its use beyond the current applications. Through a set of experimental investigations the AE was applied to measure net concentration of charged particles in different environments. Results of the study showed the instrument is mostly suitable for outdoor field measurement, when particle charge concentrations are elevated, such as in the vicinity of strong ion emitting sources (high voltage powerlines, electricity substations, etc); and under conditions of air relative humidity of below 60%. Operating the instrument above this humidity value would require the use of a dehumidifier. 74% (R super(2)) statistical correlation (P<0.05) was obtained between the readings of the AE and the Air Ion Counter, when both instruments were used to simultaneously sample ambient air. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - J-Fatokun, F O AU - Morawska, L AU - Jamriska, M AU - Jayaratne, E R AD - Queensland University of Technology (QUT), GPO Box 2434, Brisbane 4001, Australia, l.morawska@qut.edu.au Y1 - 2008/12// PY - 2008 DA - Dec 2008 SP - 8827 EP - 8830 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 42 IS - 38 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Relative humidity KW - Ion counters KW - Aerosols KW - Statistical analysis KW - Correlations KW - Humidity KW - Particulates KW - Measuring instruments KW - Particle dynamics KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19658821?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Application+of+aerosol+electrometer+for+ambient+particle+charge+measurements&rft.au=J-Fatokun%2C+F+O%3BMorawska%2C+L%3BJamriska%2C+M%3BJayaratne%2C+E+R&rft.aulast=J-Fatokun&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2008-12-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=38&rft.spage=8827&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.atmosenv.2008.08.025 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Relative humidity; Ion counters; Correlations; Statistical analysis; Humidity; Particle dynamics; Aerosols; Measuring instruments; Particulates DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.08.025 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Beyond corals and fish: the effects of climate change on noncoral benthic invertebrates of tropical reefs AN - 19571620; 8821527 AB - Climate change is threatening tropical reefs across the world, with most scientists agreeing that the current changes in climate conditions are occurring at a much faster rate than in the past and are potentially beyond the capacity of reefs to adapt and recover. Current research in tropical ecosystems focuses largely on corals and fishes, although other benthic marine invertebrates provide crucial services to reef systems, with roles in nutrient cycling, water quality regulation, and herbivory. We review available information on the effects of environmental conditions associated with climate change on noncoral tropical benthic invertebrates, including inferences from modern and fossil records. Increasing sea surface temperatures may decrease survivorship and increase the developmental rate, as well as alter the timing of gonad development, spawning, and food availability. The broad latitudinal distribution and associated temperature ranges of several pantropical taxa suggest that some reef communities may have an in-built adaptive capacity. Tropical benthic invertebrates will also show species-specific sublethal and lethal responses to sea-level rise, ocean acidification, physical disturbance, runoff, turbidity, sedimentation, and changes in ocean circulation. In order to accurately predict a species' response to these stressors, we must consider the magnitude and duration of exposure to each stressor, as well as the physiology, mobility, and habitat requirements of the species. Stressors will not act independently, and many organisms will be exposed to multiple stressors concurrently, including anthropogenic stressors. Environmental changes associated with climate change are linked to larger ecological processes, including changes in larval dispersal and recruitment success, shifts in community structure and range extensions, and the establishment and spread of invasive species. Loss of some species will trigger economic losses and negative effects on ecosystem function. Our review is intended to create a framework with which to predict the vulnerability of benthic invertebrates to the stressors associated with climate change, as well as their adaptive capacity. We anticipate that this review will assist scientists, managers, and policy-makers to better develop and implement regional research and management strategies, based on observed and predicted changes in environmental conditions. JF - Global Change Biology AU - PRZESLAWSKI, RACHEL AU - AHYONG, SHANE AU - Byrne, Maria AU - WOeRHEIDE, GERT AU - Hutchings, Pat AD - Geoscience Australia, GPO Box 378, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia, rachel.przeslawski@ga.gov.au Y1 - 2008/12// PY - 2008 DA - Dec 2008 SP - 2773 EP - 2795 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road VL - 14 IS - 12 SN - 1354-1013, 1354-1013 KW - Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Reefs KW - Sea level KW - Ecosystems KW - Physiology KW - Climate change KW - Climatic changes KW - Sea level rise KW - Water quality KW - spawning KW - invertebrates KW - adaptability KW - herbivory KW - Economics KW - invasive species KW - Invertebrata KW - Corals KW - Acidification KW - Sedimentation KW - Temperature effects KW - anthropogenic factors KW - Temperature KW - Larvae KW - Environmental impact KW - Currents KW - Oceanic circulation KW - Community composition KW - Reviews KW - Oceans KW - Coral reefs KW - Zoobenthos KW - Environmental conditions KW - Turbidity KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes KW - Q1 08187:Palaeontology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19571620?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Change+Biology&rft.atitle=Beyond+corals+and+fish%3A+the+effects+of+climate+change+on+noncoral+benthic+invertebrates+of+tropical+reefs&rft.au=PRZESLAWSKI%2C+RACHEL%3BAHYONG%2C+SHANE%3BByrne%2C+Maria%3BWOeRHEIDE%2C+GERT%3BHutchings%2C+Pat&rft.aulast=PRZESLAWSKI&rft.aufirst=RACHEL&rft.date=2008-12-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=2773&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Change+Biology&rft.issn=13541013&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2486.2008.01693.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Community composition; Coral reefs; Climatic changes; Environmental impact; Water quality; Sedimentation; Environmental conditions; Zoobenthos; Turbidity; Temperature effects; Reefs; Oceans; Reviews; Economics; Corals; Oceanic circulation; Ecosystems; Climate change; Sea level rise; Acidification; Sea level; anthropogenic factors; Physiology; Larvae; Temperature; spawning; invertebrates; adaptability; Currents; herbivory; invasive species; Invertebrata DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01693.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High intensity light emitting diode array as an alternative exposure source for the fabrication of electrophoretic microfluidic devices AN - 19569373; 8839800 AB - A commercially available array of light emitting diodes (LEDs), namely a UV Shark series LED high flux array, was evaluated as a light source for photolithographic patterning of SU-8 photoresist for the fabrication of templates suitable to make poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) microchips for electrophoresis. At a distance of 15 cm from the substrate, a relatively even intensity of 0.76 +/- 0.05 mW/cm super(2) was obtained over an area sufficient for patterning a 10 cm (4 in.) silicon wafer. The exposure source was evaluated using a spiral mask design covering a 10 cm wafer. PDMS replicates of this template made in a 25 km thick layer of SU-8 3025 showed little variation in width over the surface of the substrate, with a variation of 3.2% RSD (n = 36) and a maximum range in widths of 7.8% of the mean channel width. The use of the optional metal reflector available with the LED array provided partial collimation of the light allowing near vertical structures to be produced across the entire wafer, something which was not possible without the reflector. SU-8 masters prepared using the LED array were compared to masters made using an alternative cheap lithographic source, namely a gel crosslinker. The SU-8 features were much narrower with the LED array than the crosslinker due to the multiple light sources in the crosslinker. A PDMS microchip made using a SU-8 template created using the Shark UV LED array was used for the electrophoretic separation of three anionic fluorescent dyes, with efficiencies up to 32 000 plates. Given that the LED array can be purchased and assembled for less than US$ 500, the Shark UV LED array is a promising alternative to more expensive lithographic light sources and will have significant appeal to many researchers wishing to undertake research in microfluidics around the world. JF - Journal of Chromatography A AU - Breadmore, Michael C AU - Guijt, Rosanne M AD - Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science, School of Chemistry, University of Tasmania, GPO Box 252-75, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia, mcb@utas.edu.au Y1 - 2008/12// PY - 2008 DA - Dec 2008 SP - 3 EP - 7 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 1213 IS - 1 SN - 0021-9673, 0021-9673 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Light emitting diode (LED) KW - Photolithography KW - Microchip KW - Electrophoresis KW - LED array KW - Microfluidic KW - Metals KW - Microfluidics KW - Silicon KW - microchips KW - Fluorescent indicators KW - Light effects KW - X 24360:Metals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19569373?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Chromatography+A&rft.atitle=High+intensity+light+emitting+diode+array+as+an+alternative+exposure+source+for+the+fabrication+of+electrophoretic+microfluidic+devices&rft.au=Breadmore%2C+Michael+C%3BGuijt%2C+Rosanne+M&rft.aulast=Breadmore&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2008-12-01&rft.volume=1213&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Chromatography+A&rft.issn=00219673&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.chroma.2008.09.094 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Metals; Silicon; Microfluidics; Electrophoresis; microchips; Fluorescent indicators; Light effects DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2008.09.094 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Meeting Report: Methylmercury in Marine Ecosystems-From Sources to Seafood Consumers AN - 14850651; 10735608 JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Chen, Celia Y AU - Serrell, Nancy AU - Evers, David C AU - Fleishman, Bethany J AU - Lambert, Kathleen F AU - Weiss, Jeri AU - Masson, Robert P Y1 - 2008/12// PY - 2008 DA - Dec 2008 SP - 1706 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 116 IS - 12 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - TOXIC SUBSTANCES KW - METHYLMERCURY KW - MONITORING, WATER KW - PUBLIC HEALTH KW - FISH KW - MARINE ECOSYSTEMS KW - BIOACCUMULATION KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14850651?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Meeting+Report%3A+Methylmercury+in+Marine+Ecosystems-From+Sources+to+Seafood+Consumers&rft.au=Chen%2C+Celia+Y%3BSerrell%2C+Nancy%3BEvers%2C+David+C%3BFleishman%2C+Bethany+J%3BLambert%2C+Kathleen+F%3BWeiss%2C+Jeri%3BMasson%2C+Robert+P&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Celia&rft.date=2008-12-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1706&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 2 |t Tables N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - BIOACCUMULATION; TOXIC SUBSTANCES; MONITORING, WATER; METHYLMERCURY; PUBLIC HEALTH; FISH; MARINE ECOSYSTEMS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Guidelines to Evaluate Human Observational Studies for Quantitative Risk Assessment AN - 14843747; 10735607 AB - Guidelines to evaluate human observational studies for quantitative risk assessment, were analyzed. Epidemiologic evidence was the most relevant type of evidence for risk assessment, because limited extrapolation was needed to apply study results to a real life situation. The results showed that the U.K. Petrol study was ranked higher because this study reported results from a sensitivity analysis used to evaluate the impact of several crucial decisions made in the assessment of exposure. It was concluded that the outcome of the benzene-acute mycloid leukemia (AML) example indicated that, there were large differences between human observational studies (HOS) with regard to the quality of the exposure assessment that would not have been detected with the application of the existing evaluation approaches. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Vlaanderen, Jelle AU - Vermeulen, Roel AU - Heederik, Dick AU - Kromhout, Hans Y1 - 2008/12// PY - 2008 DA - Dec 2008 SP - 1700 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 116 IS - 12 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - DESIGN KW - SENSITIVITY KW - DECISION MAKING KW - QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS KW - RISK ASSESSMENT KW - DISEASES AND DISORDERS KW - QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS KW - BENZENE KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14843747?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Guidelines+to+Evaluate+Human+Observational+Studies+for+Quantitative+Risk+Assessment&rft.au=Vlaanderen%2C+Jelle%3BVermeulen%2C+Roel%3BHeederik%2C+Dick%3BKromhout%2C+Hans&rft.aulast=Vlaanderen&rft.aufirst=Jelle&rft.date=2008-12-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1700&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 2 |t diagrams N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - DESIGN; RISK ASSESSMENT; SENSITIVITY; DECISION MAKING; DISEASES AND DISORDERS; QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS; QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS; BENZENE ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cadmium-Related Mortality and Long-term Secular Trends in the Cadmium Body Burden of an Environmental Exposed Population AN - 14843469; 10735605 AB - Cadmium-related mortality and long-term secular trends in the cadmium body burden of an environmentally exposed population were investigated. Cadmium was a metal with high toxicity, had an estimated elimination half-life of 10-30 years, and accumulated in the human body, particularly in the liver and the kidney. Exposure to cadmium occurred through intake of contaminated food or water or by tobacco smoke or polluted air. The results showed continuous and significantly positive associations between all-cause mortality and the internal cadmium dose, whereas in the presence of cadmium the associations with the indexes of renal function were not significant. It was concluded that, environmental exposure to cadmium increased the risk of death; the hazard function was continuous without a threshold of the internal dose below which the risk would disappear. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Nawrot, Tim S AU - Van Hecke, Etienne AU - Thijs, Lutgarde AU - Richart, Tom AU - Kuznetsova, Tatiana AU - Jin, Yu AU - Vangronsveld, Jaco Y1 - 2008/12// PY - 2008 DA - Dec 2008 SP - 1620 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 116 IS - 12 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - TOXIC SUBSTANCES KW - CADMIUM KW - LIVER KW - FOOD CONTAMINATION KW - BELGIUM KW - RISK ASSESSMENT KW - DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES KW - MORTALITY PATTERNS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14843469?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Cadmium-Related+Mortality+and+Long-term+Secular+Trends+in+the+Cadmium+Body+Burden+of+an+Environmental+Exposed+Population&rft.au=Nawrot%2C+Tim+S%3BVan+Hecke%2C+Etienne%3BThijs%2C+Lutgarde%3BRichart%2C+Tom%3BKuznetsova%2C+Tatiana%3BJin%2C+Yu%3BVangronsveld%2C+Jaco&rft.aulast=Nawrot&rft.aufirst=Tim&rft.date=2008-12-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1620&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t diagrams N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES; TOXIC SUBSTANCES; MORTALITY PATTERNS; LIVER; CADMIUM; BELGIUM; FOOD CONTAMINATION ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Climate Variability, Social and Environmental Factors, and Ross River Virus Transmission: Research Development and Future Research Needs AN - 14843416; 10735603 AB - Climate variability, social and environmental factors, and Ross River virus (RRV) transmission were investigated. The global climate changed at an unprecedented rate, with rising surface temperatures, melting glaciers, rising sea levels, and changes in climate variability and extreme events. Arboviral infections were a global health problem accounting for significant morbidity and mortality in human populations. The multivariate polynomial distributed lag models showed that only mosquito density at lags of 0 and 1 month was significantly associated with the transmission of RRV disease. It was concluded that even though many factor, cycles of RRV disease, climate and tidal variables and mosquito density were generally important environmental predictors of RRV disease. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Tong, Shilu AU - Dale, Pat AU - Nicholls, Neville AU - Mackenzie, John S AU - Wolff, Rodney AU - McMichael, Anthony J Y1 - 2008/12// PY - 2008 DA - Dec 2008 SP - 1591 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 116 IS - 12 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - DECISION MAKING KW - PUBLIC HEALTH KW - CLIMATE CHANGE KW - AUSTRALIA KW - VIRUSES KW - ENV IMPACT ASSESSMENT KW - RISK ASSESSMENT KW - DISEASES AND DISORDERS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14843416?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Climate+Variability%2C+Social+and+Environmental+Factors%2C+and+Ross+River+Virus+Transmission%3A+Research+Development+and+Future+Research+Needs&rft.au=Tong%2C+Shilu%3BDale%2C+Pat%3BNicholls%2C+Neville%3BMackenzie%2C+John+S%3BWolff%2C+Rodney%3BMcMichael%2C+Anthony+J&rft.aulast=Tong&rft.aufirst=Shilu&rft.date=2008-12-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1591&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t diagrams N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; DECISION MAKING; DISEASES AND DISORDERS; PUBLIC HEALTH; AUSTRALIA; CLIMATE CHANGE; VIRUSES; ENV IMPACT ASSESSMENT ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Changes in Pest Infestation Levels, Self-Reported Pesticide Use, and Permethrin Exposure during Pregnancy after the 2000-2001 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Restriction of Organophosphates AN - 14841852; 10735606 AB - Changes in pest infestation levels, self-reported pesticide use, and permethrin exposure during pregnancy after the 2000-2001 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Restriction of organophosphates were analyzed. Understanding the pattern of residential pesticide use and exposure was critical to identify risks and devise prevention strategies. Research documenting the potential for developmental and reproductive toxicity resulting from low levels of pesticides led to stringent and uniform pesticide regulations focusing on the safety and protection of infants and children. It was concluded that the mix of pesticides being used for residential pest control had changed and that pyrethroids replaced the organophosphorus insecticides for residential pest control among this cohort. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Williams, Megan K AU - Rundle, Andrew AU - Holmes, Darrell AU - Reyes, Marilyn AU - Hoepner, Lori A AU - Barr, Dana B AU - Camann, David E Y1 - 2008/12// PY - 2008 DA - Dec 2008 SP - 1681 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 116 IS - 12 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - PEST CONTROL KW - INSECTICIDES KW - PREGNANCY KW - TOXICOLOGY KW - RISK ASSESSMENT KW - ORGANOPHOSPHATE PESTICIDES KW - PERMETHRIN KW - EPA OFFICE OF PESTICIDES PROGRAMS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14841852?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Changes+in+Pest+Infestation+Levels%2C+Self-Reported+Pesticide+Use%2C+and+Permethrin+Exposure+during+Pregnancy+after+the+2000-2001+U.S.+Environmental+Protection+Agency+Restriction+of+Organophosphates&rft.au=Williams%2C+Megan+K%3BRundle%2C+Andrew%3BHolmes%2C+Darrell%3BReyes%2C+Marilyn%3BHoepner%2C+Lori+A%3BBarr%2C+Dana+B%3BCamann%2C+David+E&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Megan&rft.date=2008-12-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1681&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 4 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - PEST CONTROL; RISK ASSESSMENT; ORGANOPHOSPHATE PESTICIDES; INSECTICIDES; PERMETHRIN; PREGNANCY; EPA OFFICE OF PESTICIDES PROGRAMS; TOXICOLOGY ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative Analysis of State Fish Consumption Advisories Targeting Sensitive Populations AN - 14838620; 10735604 AB - Comparative analysis of state fish consumption advisories targeting sensitive populations was presented. State, tribal, and local governments protected people from possible risks of eating contaminated fish by monitoring their waters and issuing fish advisories when contaminant levels were unsafe. Finfish and shellfish consumption might pose health risks due to various contaminants. The results showed that in addition to conferring health benefits, some advisories also indicated that fish consumption provided non-health benefits such as recreation. It was concluded that sensitive populations should receive clear, sufficiently explained health messages regarding fish consumption that aimed to optimize both maternal and fetal health by decreasing risks and increasing benefits. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Scherer, Alison C AU - Tsuchiya, Ami AU - Younglove, Lisa R AU - Burbacher, Thomas M AU - Faustman, Elaine M Y1 - 2008/12// PY - 2008 DA - Dec 2008 SP - 1598 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 116 IS - 12 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - NUTRIENTS KW - MONITORING, WATER KW - PUBLIC HEALTH KW - PREGNANCY KW - FISH KW - FATTY ACIDS KW - TOXICOLOGY KW - RISK ASSESSMENT KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14838620?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Comparative+Analysis+of+State+Fish+Consumption+Advisories+Targeting+Sensitive+Populations&rft.au=Scherer%2C+Alison+C%3BTsuchiya%2C+Ami%3BYounglove%2C+Lisa+R%3BBurbacher%2C+Thomas+M%3BFaustman%2C+Elaine+M&rft.aulast=Scherer&rft.aufirst=Alison&rft.date=2008-12-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1598&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t diagrams N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; NUTRIENTS; MONITORING, WATER; PREGNANCY; PUBLIC HEALTH; FISH; FATTY ACIDS; TOXICOLOGY ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An exploration of nitrate concentrations in groundwater aquifers of central-west region of Bangladesh. AN - 69685588; 18406518 AB - Groundwater and river water samples were collected from the study area to investigate the spatial distribution of nitrate (NO(3)(-)) in the central-west region of Bangladesh. The shallow and deep groundwater nitrate concentrations ranged from <0.10 to 75.12 and <0.10 to 40.78 mg/L, respectively. Major river water NO(3)(-) concentrations were ranged from 0.98 to 2.32 mg/L with an average of 1.8 mg/L. The average Cl(-)/NO(3)(-) ratio (4.9) of major river water has been considered as reference point to delineate denitrification processes. The alluvial fan, alluvial, deltaic and coastal deposits shallow groundwater having C1(-)/NO(3)(-) values less than that of the average river water value (4.9), suggested denitrification processes within the aquifers. On the other hand, denitrification processes are insignificant in the Pleistocene terraces area aquifers related to relatively higher concentrations of nitrate. Iron pyrite has been found as insignificant effect on denitrification. JF - Journal of hazardous materials AU - Majumder, Ratan K AU - Hasnat, Mohammad A AU - Hossain, Shahadat AU - Ikeue, Keita AU - Machida, Masato AD - Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, GPO Box 3787, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. Y1 - 2008/11/30/ PY - 2008 DA - 2008 Nov 30 SP - 536 EP - 543 VL - 159 IS - 2-3 SN - 0304-3894, 0304-3894 KW - Nitrates KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Index Medicus KW - Agriculture KW - Climate KW - Bangladesh KW - Water Supply -- analysis KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Nitrates -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/69685588?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+hazardous+materials&rft.atitle=An+exploration+of+nitrate+concentrations+in+groundwater+aquifers+of+central-west+region+of+Bangladesh.&rft.au=Majumder%2C+Ratan+K%3BHasnat%2C+Mohammad+A%3BHossain%2C+Shahadat%3BIkeue%2C+Keita%3BMachida%2C+Masato&rft.aulast=Majumder&rft.aufirst=Ratan&rft.date=2008-11-30&rft.volume=159&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=536&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+hazardous+materials&rft.issn=03043894&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jhazmat.2008.02.110 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-01-29 N1 - Date created - 2008-10-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.02.110 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The Army's Future Combat System (FCS): Background and Issues for Congress AN - 58799404; 2008-256153 AB - The Future Combat System (FCS) is a multiyear, multibillion dollar program at the heart of the Army's transformation efforts; but in 2008, primarily in response to both congressional and Department of Defense (DOD) concerns about deploying FCS technologies to forces in the field sooner and overall program affordability, the Army restructured the program to instead focus its FCS equipping efforts on Infantry Brigade Combat Teams (IBCTs). The 111th Congress, in its appropriation, authorization, and oversight roles may wish to review the FCS program for its projected capabilities, relevance to current and possible future military operations, and program costs. Tables, Appendixes. JF - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Nov 28 2008, 21 pp. AU - Feickert, Andrew Y1 - 2008/11/28/ PY - 2008 DA - 2008 Nov 28 PB - Congressional Research Reports for the People KW - Military and defense policy - Military planning, strategy, and operations KW - Economic conditions and policy - Economic theory KW - Law and ethics - Criminal law KW - Government - Internal security KW - Science and technology policy - Technology and technology policy KW - United States Congress KW - Cost KW - Appropriations and expenditures KW - Military operations KW - United States Army KW - Surveillance KW - Technology KW - book UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58799404?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Feickert%2C+Andrew&rft.aulast=Feickert&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2008-11-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+Army%27s+Future+Combat+System+%28FCS%29%3A+Background+and+Issues+for+Congress&rft.title=The+Army%27s+Future+Combat+System+%28FCS%29%3A+Background+and+Issues+for+Congress&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL32888_20081128.pdf LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-21 N1 - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2008 N1 - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RL32888 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Review. The epidemiology of kuru: monitoring the epidemic from its peak to its end AN - 19336828; 8682462 AB - Kuru is a fatal transmissible spongiform encephalopathy restricted to the Fore people and their neighbours in a remote region of the Eastern Highlands of Papua New Guinea. When first investigated in 1957 it was found to be present in epidemic proportions, with approximately 1000 deaths in the first 5 years, 1957-1961. The changing epidemiological patterns and other significant findings such as the transmissibility of kuru are described in their historical progression. Monitoring the progress of the epidemic has been carried out by epidemiological surveillance in the field for 50 years. From its peak, the number of deaths from kuru declined to 2 in the last 5 years, indicating that the epidemic is approaching its end. The mode of transmission of the prion agent of kuru was the local mortuary practice of transumption. The prohibition of this practice in the 1950s led to the decline in the epidemic, which has been prolonged into the present century by incubation periods that may exceed 50 years. Currently, the epidemiological surveillance is being maintained and further studies on human genetics and the past mortuary practices are being conducted in the kuru-affected region and in communities beyond it. JF - Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B: Biological Sciences AU - Alpers, Michael P AD - Centre for International Health, ABCRC, Shenton Park Campus, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia Y1 - 2008/11/27/ PY - 2008 DA - 2008 Nov 27 SP - 3707 EP - 3713 PB - Royal Society of London, 6 Carlton House Terrace London SW1Y 5AG UK, [mailto:info@royalsoc.ac.uk], [URL:http://www.royalsoc.ac.uk/] VL - 363 IS - 1510 SN - 0962-8436, 0962-8436 KW - Ecology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - Epidemics KW - Transmissible spongiform encephalopathy KW - Epidemiology KW - Reviews KW - Prion protein KW - Kuru KW - N3 11023:Neurogenetics KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19336828?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philosophical+Transactions+of+the+Royal+Society+of+London%2C+Series+B%3A+Biological+Sciences&rft.atitle=Review.+The+epidemiology+of+kuru%3A+monitoring+the+epidemic+from+its+peak+to+its+end&rft.au=Alpers%2C+Michael+P&rft.aulast=Alpers&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2008-11-27&rft.volume=363&rft.issue=1510&rft.spage=3707&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Philosophical+Transactions+of+the+Royal+Society+of+London%2C+Series+B%3A+Biological+Sciences&rft.issn=09628436&rft_id=info:doi/10.1098%2Frstb.2008.0071 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Kuru; Epidemics; Reviews; Prion protein; Transmissible spongiform encephalopathy; Epidemiology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2008.0071 ER - TY - GEN T1 - [Report on Misconduct during Narcotics Airbridge Denial Program] AN - 1679145240; CO02304 AB - Peter Hoekstra asks John Helgerson to consider further declassifying portions of his report on Central Intelligence Agency misconduct during narcotics airbridge denial program in Peru. AU - United States. Congress. House. Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence AD - United States. Congress. House. Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence PY - 2008 SP - 2 KW - Helgerson, John L. KW - Air Bridge Denial Program KW - Aircraft downings KW - Classification of information KW - Congressional oversight KW - Criminal investigation KW - Drug control KW - Peru UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1679145240?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Adnsa_co&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=%5BReport+on+Misconduct+during+Narcotics+Airbridge+Denial+Program%5D&rft.au=United+States.+Congress.+House.+Permanent+Select+Committee+on+Intelligence&rft.aulast=United+States.+Congress.+House.+Permanent+Select+Committee+on+Intelligence&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2008-11-20&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Digital National Security Archive N1 - Name - United States. Central Intelligence Agency. Office of the Inspector General; United States. Department of Justice N1 - Analyte descriptor - NSA document type: Letter N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-16 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of ecosystem function following marine aggregate dredging AN - 19582095; 8614158 AB - A number of indices designed to assess ecosystem function were applied to an existing benthic macrofaunal dataset collected following recent marine aggregate extraction activity at the Hastings Shingle Bank (UK). The objective of the study was to assess the use of these different functional metrics, some incorporating biological traits analysis, to investigate the rate of recovery in ecosystem function after dredging impact. All of the indices tested behaved in a broadly similar fashion following the aggregate extraction event, although some suggested faster rates of functional recovery than others. All indicated that the disturbed area of seabed was capable of full recovery given enough time. It is considered that this outcome may be because the physical nature of the seabed was unlikely to have been permanently altered by dredging for aggregate by the method used. This is not always the case following aggregate extraction and depends on the dredging protocol used (e.g., sediment screening). The indices tested (some applied for the first time to benthic macrofaunal data) were considered to be complementary to traditional environmental assessment metrics and each might be used under different circumstances. JF - Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology AU - Cooper, K M AU - Barrio Frojan, CRS AU - Defew, E AU - Curtis, M AU - Fleddum, A AU - Brooks, L AU - Paterson, D M AD - Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Lowestoft Laboratory, Pakefield Road, Lowestoft, Suffolk, NR33 OHT, UK, keith.cooper@cefas.co.uk Y1 - 2008/11/15/ PY - 2008 DA - 2008 Nov 15 SP - 82 EP - 91 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl] VL - 366 IS - 1-2 SN - 0022-0981, 0022-0981 KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - British Isles KW - Screening KW - Marine KW - Data processing KW - Environmental assessment KW - British Isles, England, Kent, Hastings KW - Recovery of function KW - Sediments KW - Aggregates KW - Shingle KW - Dredging KW - Zoobenthos KW - Ocean floor KW - Benthos KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - Q1 08462:Benthos KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q2 09261:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19582095?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Experimental+Marine+Biology+and+Ecology&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+ecosystem+function+following+marine+aggregate+dredging&rft.au=Cooper%2C+K+M%3BBarrio+Frojan%2C+CRS%3BDefew%2C+E%3BCurtis%2C+M%3BFleddum%2C+A%3BBrooks%2C+L%3BPaterson%2C+D+M&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2008-11-15&rft.volume=366&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=82&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Experimental+Marine+Biology+and+Ecology&rft.issn=00220981&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jembe.2008.07.011 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Shingle; Screening; Environmental assessment; Dredging; Ocean floor; Zoobenthos; Aggregates; Benthos; Data processing; Recovery of function; Sediments; British Isles; British Isles, England, Kent, Hastings; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2008.07.011 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Empirical estimates of historical variations in the catchability and fishing power of pelagic longline fishing gear AN - 853476661; 14055500 AB - I quantify the effects of 11 variables on the catchability and fishing power of pelagic longlines, which are used to catch tunas and billfishes in the open ocean. Extension of the depth range and the duration of longline operations have reduced the catchability of several epipelagic species, such as mako sharks (Isurus spp.), since industrial longlining commenced in the tropical Pacific Ocean in the early 1950s. Reductions in the body size of many species may also have reduced encounters with longline hooks. By contrast, the catchability of commercially valuable bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) increased substantially because of the longer duration and extension of the depth range of longlines. Stronger and less visible line materials and increased fishing-master experience also contributed to increased catchability. By affecting the rate of bait loss, the introduction of new bait species increased fishing power. This study highlights significant problems in deriving indices of abundance from commercial catch and effort data. Instead of relying on commercial data, assessments should use tag-recapture experiments or dedicated surveys to obtain fishery-independent estimates of abundance. JF - Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries AU - Ward, Peter AD - Fisheries and Marine Sciences Program, Bureau of Rural Sciences, GPO Box 858, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia, Peter.Ward@brs.gov.au Y1 - 2008/11// PY - 2008 DA - Nov 2008 SP - 409 EP - 426 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 18 IS - 4 SN - 0960-3166, 0960-3166 KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Biological surveys KW - Marine KW - Data processing KW - Pelagic fisheries KW - Fishing power KW - Abundance KW - Longlining KW - IS, Tropical Pacific KW - Thunnus obesus KW - Bait KW - Marine fish KW - Fishing KW - Catchability KW - Commercial fishing KW - Isurus KW - Oceans KW - Body size KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q3 08582:Fish culture KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/853476661?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Fish+Biology+and+Fisheries&rft.atitle=Empirical+estimates+of+historical+variations+in+the+catchability+and+fishing+power+of+pelagic+longline+fishing+gear&rft.au=Ward%2C+Peter&rft.aulast=Ward&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2008-11-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=409&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Fish+Biology+and+Fisheries&rft.issn=09603166&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11160-007-9082-6 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological surveys; Marine fish; Commercial fishing; Catchability; Pelagic fisheries; Fishing power; Longlining; Body size; Bait; Fishing; Data processing; Oceans; Abundance; Isurus; Thunnus obesus; IS, Tropical Pacific; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11160-007-9082-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Bayesian mixture model for estimating intergeneration chronic toxicity. AN - 69829103; 19031910 AB - Understanding toxic effects on biological populations across generations is crucial for determining the long-term consequences of chemical pollution in aquatic environments. As a consequence, there is considerable demand for suitable statistical methods to analyze complex multigeneration experimental data. We demonstrate the application of a Bayesian mixture model (with random-effects) to assess the effect of intergeneration copper (Cu) exposure on the reproductive output of the copepod, Tigriopus japonicus, using experimental data across three generations. The model allowed us to appropriately specify the nonstandard statistical distribution of the data and account for correlations among data points. The approach ensured more robust inferences than standard statistical methods and, because of the model's mechanistic formulation, enabled us to test more subtle hypotheses. We demonstrate intergeneration Cu exposure effects on both components of reproductive output (1) the ovisac maturation rate, and (2) the number of nauplii per ovisac. Current and parent generation Cu exposures negatively affected current generation reproductive output However, in terms of reproductive output, there was also some evidence for adaptation to parental Cu exposures, but with an associated cost under Cu concentrations different from the parental exposure. Bayesian mixture and random-effects models present a robust framework for analyzing data of this kind and for better understanding chemical toxicity. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Rhodes, Jonathan R AU - Grist, Eric P M AU - Kwok, Kevin W H AU - Leung, Kenneth M Y AD - Wealth from Oceans Flagship, CSIRO, GPO Box 1538, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia. Y1 - 2008/11/01/ PY - 2008 DA - 2008 Nov 01 SP - 8108 EP - 8114 VL - 42 IS - 21 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Copper KW - 789U1901C5 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Reproduction -- drug effects KW - Bayes Theorem KW - Copepoda -- drug effects KW - Electricity KW - Copper -- toxicity KW - Toxicity Tests, Chronic KW - Models, Biological UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/69829103?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=A+Bayesian+mixture+model+for+estimating+intergeneration+chronic+toxicity.&rft.au=Rhodes%2C+Jonathan+R%3BGrist%2C+Eric+P+M%3BKwok%2C+Kevin+W+H%3BLeung%2C+Kenneth+M+Y&rft.aulast=Rhodes&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=2008-11-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=8108&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-01-14 N1 - Date created - 2008-11-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Airborne gamma survey of the historic Sleisbeck mine area in the Northern Territory, Australia, and its use for site rehabilitation planning. AN - 69715412; 18768242 AB - An airborne gamma-survey provided information about the extent of radioactive contamination around the historic Sleisbeck mine. Quickbird satellite data were acquired to relate airborne measurements to land cover features. Enhanced equivalent uranium (eU) levels were found to be confined to the mine and low grade waste rock dumps. The average terrestrial background radiation dose rate estimated from the airborne gamma survey data was 0.10-0.14 microGy h(-1) while the area around the mine exhibited a maximum of approximately 2.3 microGy h(-1), but measurements on the ground indicate that this maximum is exceeded in some localized areas. Rehabilitation of the site is likely to result in a threefold reduction in radiation doses to people accessing the area. JF - Journal of environmental radioactivity AU - Bollhöfer, A AU - Pfitzner, K AU - Ryan, B AU - Martin, P AU - Fawcett, M AU - Jones, D R AD - Environmental Research Institute of the Supervising Scientist (eriss), GPO Box 461, Darwin, NT, Australia. andreas.bollhoefer@environment.gov.au Y1 - 2008/11// PY - 2008 DA - November 2008 SP - 1770 EP - 1774 VL - 99 IS - 11 SN - 0265-931X, 0265-931X KW - Air Pollutants, Radioactive KW - 0 KW - Soil Pollutants, Radioactive KW - Index Medicus KW - Northern Territory KW - Environmental Restoration and Remediation -- methods KW - Air Pollutants, Radioactive -- analysis KW - Mining KW - Soil Pollutants, Radioactive -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/69715412?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+environmental+radioactivity&rft.atitle=Airborne+gamma+survey+of+the+historic+Sleisbeck+mine+area+in+the+Northern+Territory%2C+Australia%2C+and+its+use+for+site+rehabilitation+planning.&rft.au=Bollh%C3%B6fer%2C+A%3BPfitzner%2C+K%3BRyan%2C+B%3BMartin%2C+P%3BFawcett%2C+M%3BJones%2C+D+R&rft.aulast=Bollh%C3%B6fer&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2008-11-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1770&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+environmental+radioactivity&rft.issn=0265931X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jenvrad.2008.07.003 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-01-23 N1 - Date created - 2008-10-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2008.07.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seeking the Grail: Evaluating Whether Australia's Coastcare Program Achieved "Meaningful" Community Participation AN - 61787048; 200902041 AB - Many environment programs encourage community participation. Lacking are evolution guidelines for programs that engage the public. While typologies exist that explain dimensions of participation, evolution of the participatory effort within programs is lagging. This article tests the theoretical principles of participatory democracy on Australia's Coastcare program, a federally funded community-based natural resource management initiative. Five indicators developed to evaluate the participatory approach of a planning effort in the United States are applied in this instance to verify the success of the Coast care's goals of encouraging stewardship within local communities. The study is based on the analysis of qualitative data generated from a combination of 173 key stakeholder interviews and questionnaires. The application of the indicators revealed both strengths and challenges for coast-care in the achieving its goals. This case study illustrates that utilization of appropriate indicators has the capacity to provide much needed information that can assist policy reform while providing continued support to local groups. Adapted from the source document. JF - Society and Natural Resources AU - Clarke, Beverley AD - School of Geography, Population and Environmental Management, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia beverley.clarke@flinders.edu.au Y1 - 2008/11// PY - 2008 DA - November 2008 SP - 891 EP - 907 PB - Taylor & Francis, Philadelphia PA VL - 21 IS - 10 SN - 0894-1920, 0894-1920 KW - Australia, Coastcare, community participation, evaluation, indicators, natural resource management, participatory democracy KW - Evaluation KW - Environment KW - Natural Resources KW - Social Participation KW - Australia KW - Democracy KW - article KW - 2656: environmental interactions; environmental interactions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61787048?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Society+and+Natural+Resources&rft.atitle=Seeking+the+Grail%3A+Evaluating+Whether+Australia%27s+Coastcare+Program+Achieved+%22Meaningful%22+Community+Participation&rft.au=Clarke%2C+Beverley&rft.aulast=Clarke&rft.aufirst=Beverley&rft.date=2008-11-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=891&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Society+and+Natural+Resources&rft.issn=08941920&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F08941920801910716 LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-08 N1 - Number of references - 54 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - SNREEI N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Australia; Natural Resources; Social Participation; Democracy; Environment; Evaluation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08941920801910716 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - General William Odom, 1932-2008 AN - 59902850; 200905517 AB - A eulogy for Odom reviews his three careers as an intelligence officer, scholar, & think tank policy critic. He is lauded for his work in shaping US policy toward the USSR & in understanding national security threats as well as for his bipartisan influence on successive US presidencies. Adapted from the source document. JF - Problems of Post-Communism AU - Hardt, John AD - Congressional Research Service, Library Congress Y1 - 2008/11// PY - 2008 DA - November 2008 SP - 61 EP - 64 PB - M.E. Sharpe, Armonk NY VL - 55 IS - 6 SN - 1075-8216, 1075-8216 KW - United States of America KW - International Relations KW - Think Tanks KW - National Security KW - Threat KW - Foreign Policy KW - Union of Soviet Socialist Republics KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59902850?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Problems+of+Post-Communism&rft.atitle=General+William+Odom%2C+1932-2008&rft.au=Hardt%2C+John&rft.aulast=Hardt&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2008-11-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=61&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Problems+of+Post-Communism&rft.issn=10758216&rft_id=info:doi/10.2753%2FPPC1075-8216550606 LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-03 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - United States of America; Foreign Policy; Threat; National Security; Union of Soviet Socialist Republics; Think Tanks; International Relations DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2753/PPC1075-8216550606 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Female Presence on Corporate Boards: A Multi-Country Study of Environmental Context AN - 58802199; 2008-232387 AB - A growing body of ethics research investigates gender diversity and governance on corporate boards, at individual and firm levels, in single country studies. In this study, we explore the environmental context of female representation on corporate boards of directors, using data from 43 countries. We suggest that women's representation on corporate boards may be shaped by the larger environment, including the social, political and economic structures of individual countries. We use logit regression to conduct our analysis. Our results indicate that countries with higher representation of women on boards are more likely to have women in senior management and more equal ratios of male to female pay. However, we find that countries with a longer tradition of women's political representation are less likely to have high levels of female board representation. Adapted from the source document. JF - Journal of Business Ethics AU - Terjesen, Siri AU - Singh, Val AD - Brisbane Graduate School of Business, Queensland University of Technology, GPO Box 2434, 2 George St., Brisbane, QLD, 4001, Australia s.terjesen@qut.edu.au Y1 - 2008/11// PY - 2008 DA - November 2008 SP - 55 EP - 63 PB - Springer, Dordrecht, The Netherlands VL - 83 IS - 1 SN - 0167-4544, 0167-4544 KW - Business and service sector - Business organization and administration KW - Environment and environmental policy - Ecology and environmental policy KW - Population groups, population policy, and demographics - Women KW - Business and service sector - Business and business enterprises KW - Business and service sector - Business management KW - Law and ethics - Ethics KW - corporate boards, environmental context, female directors, gender, multi-country, pay gap, political representation KW - Environment KW - Management KW - Business KW - Ethics KW - Women KW - Directors, Boards of KW - article UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58802199?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apais&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Business+Ethics&rft.atitle=Female+Presence+on+Corporate+Boards%3A+A+Multi-Country+Study+of+Environmental+Context&rft.au=Terjesen%2C+Siri%3BSingh%2C+Val&rft.aulast=Terjesen&rft.aufirst=Siri&rft.date=2008-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=55&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Business+Ethics&rft.issn=01674544&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10551-007-9656-1 LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-21 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Directors, Boards of; Environment; Women; Business; Management; Ethics DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10551-007-9656-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Failure as Always an Option AN - 57731564; 200901440 AB - Failures are a fact of life and can happen both on small and large scales. Restaurants and small businesses open and close all the time, while Web sites go up and down. However, the closure of a library hits close to home. One way to deal with failure is to plan for little failures and learn from big ones. The scientific method is a great example of taking the process of learning from failure to heart. It is designed to add knowledge whether or not an experiment succeeds. The practice of science, based around this approach, places great emphasis on repeatability, by which scientists follow another's precise methods to determine whether the initial results occur reliably. Whether a scientific experiment succeeds or fails the first time, it takes multiple attempts by many groups to verify methods and to prove a statistical likelihood that something new has been learned. Adapted from the source document. JF - Computers in Libraries AU - Chudnov, Daniel AD - Office of Strategic Initiatives at the Library of Congress daniel.chudnov@gmail.com Y1 - 2008/11// PY - 2008 DA - November 2008 SP - 20 EP - 22 PB - Information Today Inc VL - 28 IS - 10 SN - 1041-7915, 1041-7915 KW - Failures KW - Library management KW - article KW - 6.11: LIBRARY MANAGEMENT (OTHER THAN PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57731564?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Alisa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computers+in+Libraries&rft.atitle=Failure+as+Always+an+Option&rft.au=Chudnov%2C+Daniel&rft.aulast=Chudnov&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2008-11-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=20&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computers+in+Libraries&rft.issn=10417915&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Library & Information Science Abstracts (LISA) N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-03 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Failures; Library management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lost in Austin -- The Golden Age of Librarianship AN - 57678912; 200901128 AB - The American Library Association's (ALA) Committee on Accreditation (COA) was created to implement the accreditation program of ALA and to develop and formulate standards of education for library and information studies. COA is the hardest working yet most rewarding committee in ALA. It meets four times a year, once each at ALA Annual and Midwinter and twice a year at ALA headquarters in April and November. The notion that library and information science (LIS) education and the COA somehow fail to meet the needs of students and employers has been raised in recent years and, despite evidence to the contrary, continues to be an issue to what appears to be a vocal minority. This issue brings two questions: how to ascertain if the accredited LIS programs are succeeding, and what role can practitioners play in LIS education. Adapted from the source document. JF - Against the Grain AU - Leonhard, Thomas W AD - Scarborough-Phillips Library, St. Edwards University, 3001 S. Congress Ave., Austin, TX 78704-6489 thomasl@stedwards.edu Y1 - 2008/11// PY - 2008 DA - November 2008 SP - 83 EP - 84 PB - 209 Richardson Avenue, MSC 98, The Citadel Charleston, SC 29409 VL - 20 IS - 5 SN - 1043-2094, 1043-2094 KW - Library and information science KW - Education KW - American Library Association KW - Accreditation KW - article KW - 2.12: LIS - EDUCATION AND TRAINING UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57678912?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Alisa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Against+the+Grain&rft.atitle=Lost+in+Austin+--+The+Golden+Age+of+Librarianship&rft.au=Leonhard%2C+Thomas+W&rft.aulast=Leonhard&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2008-11-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Against+the+Grain&rft.issn=10432094&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Library & Information Science Abstracts (LISA) N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-03 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Accreditation; Library and information science; Education; American Library Association ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Feeding and Eating Behaviors in Children with Autism and Typically Developing Children AN - 57271040; 200909757 AB - Mothers of children aged 2-12 years completed an exhaustive questionnaire assessing feeding and eating behaviors for both themselves and their children with autism, and typically developing siblings of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (where available), or typically developing children with no sibling with a disability. Results indicate that children with autism were only marginally more likely to exhibit picky eating behavior (overall style) than their siblings or matched typically developing children. Rates of ritualistic feeding behaviors were equivalent in all groups of children although children with autism were more likely to be currently exhibiting problematic eating and feeding behaviors. The implications of these results for the treatment of feeding difficulties exhibited by children with autism will be discussed. JF - Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders AU - Martins, Yolanda AU - Young, Robyn L AU - Robson, Danielle C AD - School of Psychology, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia ymartins@gmail.com Y1 - 2008/11// PY - 2008 DA - November 2008 SP - 1878 EP - 1887 PB - Springer, Dordrecht The Netherlands VL - 38 IS - 10 SN - 0162-3257, 0162-3257 KW - Feeding KW - Questionnaires KW - Siblings KW - Autistic children KW - Autism KW - Eating behaviour KW - article UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57271040?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aassia&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Autism+and+Developmental+Disorders&rft.atitle=Feeding+and+Eating+Behaviors+in+Children+with+Autism+and+Typically+Developing+Children&rft.au=Martins%2C+Yolanda%3BYoung%2C+Robyn+L%3BRobson%2C+Danielle+C&rft.aulast=Martins&rft.aufirst=Yolanda&rft.date=2008-11-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1878&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Autism+and+Developmental+Disorders&rft.issn=01623257&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10803-008-0583-5 LA - English DB - Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA) N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-21 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - CODEN - JADDDQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Autistic children; Questionnaires; Feeding; Eating behaviour; Autism; Siblings DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-008-0583-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Foreign relations of the United States, 1969-1976: Soviet Union, October 1971-May 1972 AN - 37025828; 3801483 JF - Diplomatic history AU - Nelson, Keith L AU - Nelson, Keith L AD - University of California Y1 - 2008/11// PY - 2008 DA - Nov 2008 SP - 1015 EP - 1020 PB - US Government Printing Office VL - 32 IS - 5 SN - 0145-2096, 0145-2096 KW - Political Science KW - Anthropology KW - Economic relations KW - Cold War KW - History of international relations KW - U.S.S.R. KW - U.S.A. KW - Foreign relations KW - Arms control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/37025828?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Diplomatic+history&rft.atitle=Foreign+relations+of+the+United+States%2C+1969-1976%3A+Soviet+Union%2C+October+1971-May+1972&rft.au=Nelson%2C+Keith+L&rft.aulast=Nelson&rft.aufirst=Keith&rft.date=2008-11-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1015&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Diplomatic+history&rft.issn=01452096&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - SuppNotes - Volume XIV N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 5205; 2463 13443 2698 9934 476 8168 5889; 1267 13501 1304 7805 3198 1077; 3993; 5906 6784; 433 293 14; 434 119 129 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Foreign relations of the United States, 1969-1976: Soviet Union, January 1969-October 1970 AN - 37022521; 3801482 JF - Diplomatic history AU - Nelson, Keith L AU - Nelson, Keith L AD - University of California Y1 - 2008/11// PY - 2008 DA - Nov 2008 SP - 1015 EP - 1020 PB - US Government Printing Office VL - 32 IS - 5 SN - 0145-2096, 0145-2096 KW - Political Science KW - Anthropology KW - Economic relations KW - Cold War KW - Bilateral relations KW - History of international relations KW - U.S.S.R. KW - U.S.A. KW - Foreign relations KW - Arms control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/37022521?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Diplomatic+history&rft.atitle=Foreign+relations+of+the+United+States%2C+1969-1976%3A+Soviet+Union%2C+January+1969-October+1970&rft.au=Nelson%2C+Keith+L&rft.aulast=Nelson&rft.aufirst=Keith&rft.date=2008-11-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1015&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Diplomatic+history&rft.issn=01452096&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - SuppNotes - Volume XII N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 5205; 2463 13443 2698 9934 476 8168 5889; 5906 6784; 1267 13501 1304 7805 3198 1077; 3993; 1591 5205; 433 293 14; 434 119 129 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Oh, What a Year We've Had! AN - 215355847 AB - Gaylord acknowledges his challenging year as the president of the National Association of Realtors. He challenges their Realtors® Political Action Committee to increase contributions by 40 percent from the more that $7 million they raised last-year--and they are on track to reach their $10 million goal by the end of the year. Moreover, he expresses his gratitude to the past presidents, who continue to serve the organization. JF - Realtor Magazine AU - Gaylord, Richard F, CIPS, CRB, CRS, GRI Y1 - 2008/11// PY - 2008 DA - Nov 2008 SP - 4 CY - Chicago PB - National Association of Realtors VL - 41 IS - 11 SN - 15220842 KW - Real Estate KW - Associations KW - Leadership KW - Executives UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/215355847?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aabitrade&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Realtor+Magazine&rft.atitle=Oh%2C+What+a+Year+We%27ve+Had%21&rft.au=Gaylord%2C+Richard+F%2C+CIPS%2C+CRB%2C+CRS%2C+GRI&rft.aulast=Gaylord&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2008-11-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=4&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Realtor+Magazine&rft.issn=15220842&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Central N1 - Name - National Association of Realtors N1 - Copyright - Copyright National Association of Realtors Nov 2008 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-18 N1 - CODEN - RESTDR ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prospective Analysis of Traffic Exposure as a Risk Factor for Incident Coronary Heart Disease: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study AN - 21402663; 12100008 AB - BACKGROUND: For people living close to busy roads, traffic is a major source of air pollution. Few prospective data have been published on the effects of long-term exposure to traffic on the incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD). OBJECTIVES: In this article, we examined the association between long-term traffic exposure and incidence of fatal and nonfatal CHD in a population-based prospective cohort study. METHODS: We studied 13,309 middle-age men and women in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study, without previous CHD at enrollment, from 1987 to 1989 in four U.S. communities. Geographic information system-mapped traffic density and distance to major roads served as measures of traffic exposure. We examined the association between traffic exposure and incident CHD using proportional hazards regression models, with adjustment for background air pollution and a wide range of individual cardiovascular risk factors. RESULTS: Over an average of 13 years of follow-up, 976 subjects developed CHD. Relative to those in the lowest quartile of traffic density, the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) in the highest quartile was 1.32 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.06-1.65; p-value for trend across quartiles = 0.042]. When we treated traffic density as a continuous variable, the adjusted HR per one unit increase of log-transformed density was 1.03 (95% CI, 1.01-1.05; p = 0.006). For residents living within 300 m of major roads compared with those living farther away, the adjusted HR was 1.12 (95% CI, 0.95-1.32; p = 0.189). We found little evidence of effect modification for sex, smoking status, obesity, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level, hypertension, age, or education. CONCLUSION: Higher long-term exposure to traffic is associated with incidence of CHD, independent of other risk factors. These prospective data support an effect of traffic-related air pollution on the development of CHD in middle-age persons. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Kan, Haidong AU - Heiss, Gerardo AU - Rose, Kathryn M AU - Whitsel, Eric A AU - Lurmann, Fred AU - London, Stephanie J Y1 - 2008/11// PY - 2008 DA - Nov 2008 SP - 1463 EP - 1468 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 11 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Air pollution KW - Smoking KW - USA KW - Education KW - Age KW - traffic KW - hypertension KW - obesity KW - Pollution effects KW - Cardiovascular diseases KW - cholesterol KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21402663?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Prospective+Analysis+of+Traffic+Exposure+as+a+Risk+Factor+for+Incident+Coronary+Heart+Disease%3A+The+Atherosclerosis+Risk+in+Communities+%28ARIC%29+Study&rft.au=Kan%2C+Haidong%3BHeiss%2C+Gerardo%3BRose%2C+Kathryn+M%3BWhitsel%2C+Eric+A%3BLurmann%2C+Fred%3BLondon%2C+Stephanie+J&rft.aulast=Kan&rft.aufirst=Haidong&rft.date=2008-11-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1463&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air pollution; Smoking; Age; Education; traffic; hypertension; obesity; Pollution effects; Cardiovascular diseases; cholesterol; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of Glutathione S-Transferase Polymorphisms on Cognitive Functioning Effects Induced by p,p'-DDT among Preschoolers AN - 21402595; 12099989 AB - BACKGROUND: Early-life exposure to p,p'-DDT [2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-1,1,1-trichloroethane] is associated with a decrease in cognitive skills among preschoolers at 4 years of age. We hypothesized that genetic variability in glutathione S-transferase (GST) genes (GSTP1, GSTM1, and GSTT1) could influence the effects of prenatal exposure to p,p'-DDT. METHODS: We used data from 326 children assessed in a prospective population-based birth cohort at the age of 4 years. In that study, the McCarthy Scales of Children's Abilities were administrated by psychologists, organochlorine compounds were measured in cord serum, and genotyping was conducted for the coding variant Ile105Val from GSTP1 and for null alleles from GSTM1 and GSTT1. We used linear regression models to measure the association between organochlorines and neurodevelopmental scores by GST polymorphisms. RESULTS: p,p'-DDT cord serum concentration was inversely associated with general cognitive, memory, quantitative, and verbal skills, as well as executive function and working memory, in children who had any GSTP1 Val-105 allele. GSTP1 polymorphisms and prenatal p,p'-DDT exposure showed a statistically significant interaction for general cognitive skills (p = 0.05), quantitative skills (p = 0.02), executive function (p = 0.01), and working memory (p = 0.02). There were no significant associations between p,p'-DDT and cognitive functioning at 4 years of age according to GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms. CONCLUSIONS: Results indicate that children with GSTP1 Val-105 allele were at higher risk of the adverse cognitive functioning effects of prenatal p,p'-DDT exposure. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Morales, Eva AU - Sunyer, Jordi AU - Castro-Giner, Francesc AU - Estivill, Xavier AU - Julvez, Jordi AU - Ribas-Fito, Nuria AU - Torrent, Maties AU - Grimalt, Joan O AU - de Cid, Rafael Y1 - 2008/11// PY - 2008 DA - Nov 2008 SP - 1581 EP - 1585 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 11 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - prenatal experience KW - Age KW - cognitive ability KW - Organochlorine compounds KW - Children KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21402595?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Influence+of+Glutathione+S-Transferase+Polymorphisms+on+Cognitive+Functioning+Effects+Induced+by+p%2Cp%27-DDT+among+Preschoolers&rft.au=Morales%2C+Eva%3BSunyer%2C+Jordi%3BCastro-Giner%2C+Francesc%3BEstivill%2C+Xavier%3BJulvez%2C+Jordi%3BRibas-Fito%2C+Nuria%3BTorrent%2C+Maties%3BGrimalt%2C+Joan+O%3Bde+Cid%2C+Rafael&rft.aulast=Morales&rft.aufirst=Eva&rft.date=2008-11-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1581&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Age; prenatal experience; Organochlorine compounds; cognitive ability; Children ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Global DNA Hypomethylation Is Associated with High Serum-Persistent Organic Pollutants in Greenlandic Inuit AN - 21398405; 12099995 AB - BACKGROUND: Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) may influence epigenetic mechanisms; therefore, they could affect chromosomal stability and gene expression. DNA methylation, an epigenetic mechanism, has been associated with cancer initiation and progression. Greenlandic Inuit have some of the highest reported POP levels worldwide. OBJECTIVE: Our aim in this study was to evaluate the relationship between plasma POPs concentrations and global DNA methylation (percent 5-methylcytosine) in DNA extracted from blood samples from 70 Greenlandic Inuit. Blood samples were collected under the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Program and previously analyzed for a battery of POPs. METHODS: We used pyrosequencing to estimate global DNA methylation via Alu and LINE-1 assays of bisulfite-treated DNA. We investigated correlations between plasma POP concentrations and global DNA methylation via correlation coefficients and linear regression analyses. RESULTS: We found inverse correlations between percents methylcytosine and many of the POP concentrations measured. Linear regressions, adjusting for age and cigarette smoking, showed statistically significant inverse linear relationships mainly for the Alu assay for p,p'-DDT (1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane; beta = -0.26), p,p'-DDE [1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl) ethylene; beta = -0.38], beta-hexachlorocyclohexane (beta = -0.48), oxychlordane (beta = -0.32), alpha-chlordane (beta = -0.75), mirex (beta = -0.27), sum of polychlorinated biphenyls (beta = -0.56), and sum of all POPs (beta = -0.48). Linear regressions for the LINE-1 assay showed beta estimates of similar magnitudes to those using the Alu assay, however, none was statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to investigate environmental exposure to POPs and DNA methylation levels in a human population. Global methylation levels were inversely associated with blood plasma levels for several POPs and merit further investigation. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Rusiecki, Jennifer A AU - Baccarelli, Andrea AU - Bollati, Valentina AU - Tarantini, Letizia AU - Moore, Lee E AU - Bonefeld-Jorgensen, Eva C Y1 - 2008/11// PY - 2008 DA - Nov 2008 SP - 1547 EP - 1552 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 11 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - PN, Arctic KW - Age KW - Cigarettes KW - persistent organic pollutants KW - DNA KW - human populations KW - Mirex KW - Polar environments KW - PCB compounds KW - Cancer KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21398405?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Global+DNA+Hypomethylation+Is+Associated+with+High+Serum-Persistent+Organic+Pollutants+in+Greenlandic+Inuit&rft.au=Rusiecki%2C+Jennifer+A%3BBaccarelli%2C+Andrea%3BBollati%2C+Valentina%3BTarantini%2C+Letizia%3BMoore%2C+Lee+E%3BBonefeld-Jorgensen%2C+Eva+C&rft.aulast=Rusiecki&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft.date=2008-11-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1547&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Age; Cigarettes; persistent organic pollutants; DNA; human populations; Polar environments; Mirex; PCB compounds; Cancer; PN, Arctic ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Childhood Lymphohematopoietic Cancer Incidence and Hazardous Air Pollutants in Southeast Texas, 1995-2004 AN - 21398378; 12099990 AB - BACKGROUND: Cancer is the second leading cause of death among U.S. children with few known risk factors. There is increasing interest in the role of air pollutants, including benzene and 1,3-butadiene, in the etiology of childhood cancers. OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to assess whether census tracts with the highest benzene or 1,3-butadiene ambient air levels have increased childhood lymphohematopoietic cancer incidence. METHODS: Our ecologic analysis included 977 cases of childhood lymphohematopoietic cancer diagnosed from 1995-2004. We obtained the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's 1999 modeled estimates of benzene and 1,3-butadiene for 886 census tracts surrounding Houston, Texas. We ran Poisson regression models by pollutant to explore the associations between pollutant levels and census-tract cancer rates. We adjusted models for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and community-level socioeconomic status (cSES). RESULTS: Census tracts with the highest benzene levels had elevated rates of all leukemia [rate ratio (RR) = 1.37; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.05, 1.78]. This association was higher for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) (RR = 2.02; 95% CI, 1.03-3.96) than for acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) (RR = 1.24; 95% CI, 0.92-1.66). Among census tracts with the highest 1,3-butadiene levels, we observed RRs of 1.40 (95% CI, 1.07-1.81), 1.68 (95% CI, 0.84-3.35), and 1.32 (95% CI, 0.98-1.77) for all leukemia, AML, and ALL, respectively. We detected no associations between benzene or 1,3-butadiene levels and lymphoma incidence. Results that examined joint exposure to benzene and 1,3-butadiene were similar to those that examined each pollutant separately. CONCLUSIONS: Our ecologic analysis suggests an association between childhood leukemia and hazardous air pollution; further research using more sophisticated methodology is warranted. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Whitworth, Kristina W AU - Symanski, Elaine AU - Coker, Ann L Y1 - 2008/11// PY - 2008 DA - Nov 2008 SP - 1576 EP - 1580 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 11 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - census KW - Mortality KW - Etiology KW - Age KW - Socioeconomics KW - Children KW - Benzene KW - Cancer KW - Air pollution KW - EPA KW - Leukemia KW - USA, Texas KW - lymphoma KW - USA, Texas, Houston KW - Ethnic groups KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21398378?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Childhood+Lymphohematopoietic+Cancer+Incidence+and+Hazardous+Air+Pollutants+in+Southeast+Texas%2C+1995-2004&rft.au=Whitworth%2C+Kristina+W%3BSymanski%2C+Elaine%3BCoker%2C+Ann+L&rft.aulast=Whitworth&rft.aufirst=Kristina&rft.date=2008-11-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1576&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - census; Mortality; Age; Etiology; Socioeconomics; Children; Cancer; Benzene; Air pollution; Leukemia; EPA; lymphoma; Ethnic groups; USA, Texas; USA, Texas, Houston ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exposure of Neonatal Rats to Parathion Elicits Sex-Selective Reprogramming of Metabolism and Alters the Response to a High-Fat Diet in Adulthood AN - 21394334; 12100007 AB - BACKGROUND: Developmental exposures to organophosphate pesticides are virtually ubiquitous. These agents are neurotoxicants, but recent evidence also points to lasting effects on metabolism. OBJECTIVES: We administered parathion to neonatal rats. In adulthood, we assessed the impact on weight gain, food consumption, and glucose and lipid homeostasis, as well as the interaction with the effects of a high-fat diet. METHODS: Neonatal rats were given parathion on postnatal days 1-4 using doses (0.1 or 0.2 mg/kg/day) that straddle the threshold for barely detectable cholinesterase inhibition and the first signs of systemic toxicity. In adulthood, animals were either maintained on standard lab chow or switched to a high-fat diet for 7 weeks. RESULTS: In male rats on a normal diet, the low-dose parathion exposure caused increased weight gain but also evoked signs of a prediabetic state, with elevated fasting serum glucose and impaired fat metabolism. The higher dose of parathion reversed the weight gain and caused further metabolic defects. Females showed greater sensitivity to metabolic disruption, with weight loss at either parathion dose, and greater imbalances in glucose and lipid metabolism. At 0.1 mg/kg/day parathion, females showed enhanced weight gain on the high-fat diet; This effect was reversed in the 0.2-mg/kg/day parathion group, and was accompanied by even greater deficits in glucose and fat metabolism. CONCLUSIONS: Neonatal low-dose parathion exposure disrupts glucose and fat homeostasis in a persistent and sex-selective manner. Early-life toxicant exposure to organophosphates or other environmental chemicals may play a role in the increased incidence of obesity and diabetes. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Lassiter, T Leon AU - Ryde, Ian T AU - MacKillop, Emiko A AU - Brown, Kathleen K AU - Levin, Edward D AU - Seidler, Frederic J AU - Slotkin, Theodore A Y1 - 2008/11// PY - 2008 DA - Nov 2008 SP - 1456 EP - 1462 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 11 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Diets KW - Rats KW - Organophosphates KW - Lipids KW - Neonates KW - Toxicity KW - body weight KW - Metabolism KW - Parathion KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21394334?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Exposure+of+Neonatal+Rats+to+Parathion+Elicits+Sex-Selective+Reprogramming+of+Metabolism+and+Alters+the+Response+to+a+High-Fat+Diet+in+Adulthood&rft.au=Lassiter%2C+T+Leon%3BRyde%2C+Ian+T%3BMacKillop%2C+Emiko+A%3BBrown%2C+Kathleen+K%3BLevin%2C+Edward+D%3BSeidler%2C+Frederic+J%3BSlotkin%2C+Theodore+A&rft.aulast=Lassiter&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2008-11-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1456&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rats; Diets; Organophosphates; Lipids; Toxicity; Neonates; body weight; Metabolism; Parathion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Climate Change, Tropospheric Ozone and Particulate Matter, and Health Impacts AN - 21388629; 12100010 AB - OBJECTIVE: Because the state of the atmosphere determines the development, transport, dispersion, and deposition of air pollutants, there is concern that climate change could affect morbidity and mortality associated with elevated concentrations of these gases and fine particles. We review how climate change could affect future concentrations of tropospheric ozone and particulate matter (PM), and what changing concentrations could mean for population health. DATA SOURCES: We review studies projecting the impacts of climate change on air quality and studies projecting the impacts of these changes on morbidity and mortality. DATA SYNTHESIS: Climate change could affect local to regional air quality through changes in chemical reaction rates, boundary layer heights that affect vertical mixing of pollutants, and changes in synoptic airflow patterns that govern pollutant transport. Sources of uncertainty include the degree of future climate change, future emissions of air pollutants and their precursors, and how population vulnerability may change in the future. Given these uncertainties, projections suggest that climate change will increase concentrations of tropospheric ozone, at least in high-income countries when precursor emissions are held constant, which would increase morbidity and mortality. Few projections are available for low- and middle-income countries. The evidence is less robust for PM, primarily because few studies have been conducted. CONCLUSIONS: Additional research is needed to better understand the possible impacts of climate change on air pollution-related health impacts. If improved models continue to project higher ozone concentrations with climate change, then reducing greenhouse gas emissions would enhance the health of current and future generations. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Ebi, Kristie L AU - McGregor, Glenn Y1 - 2008/11// PY - 2008 DA - Nov 2008 SP - 1449 EP - 1455 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 11 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Mortality KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Pollution dispersion KW - Climatic changes KW - Pollution effects KW - Troposphere KW - Environmental health KW - Air quality KW - Particulates KW - Atmosphere KW - Morbidity KW - Air pollution KW - air flow KW - Gases KW - Chemical reactions KW - Reviews KW - Emissions KW - vulnerability KW - Vulnerability KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Ozone KW - Air flow KW - H 3000:Environment and Ecology KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21388629?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Climate+Change%2C+Tropospheric+Ozone+and+Particulate+Matter%2C+and+Health+Impacts&rft.au=Ebi%2C+Kristie+L%3BMcGregor%2C+Glenn&rft.aulast=Ebi&rft.aufirst=Kristie&rft.date=2008-11-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1449&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pollution monitoring; Mortality; Climatic changes; Pollution dispersion; Environmental health; Troposphere; Pollution effects; Air quality; Particulates; Atmosphere; Morbidity; Air pollution; air flow; Gases; Chemical reactions; Reviews; Emissions; vulnerability; Vulnerability; Greenhouse gases; Air flow; Ozone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Associations of Serum Concentrations of Persistent Organic Pollutants with the Prevalence of Periodontal Disease and Subpopulations of White Blood Cells AN - 21388586; 12099993 AB - BACKGROUND: Persistent organic pollutants (POPs), which are endocrine disruptors that accumulate in adipose tissue, can increase the risk of periodontal disease through the disturbance of the immune system. OBJECTIVE: We examined associations of background exposure to POPs with periodontal disease in the general population. DESIGN: Cross-sectional associations of concentrations of serum POPs with the prevalence of periodontal disease were investigated in 1,234 adults or = 20 years of age in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2002. RESULTS: Among several POPs, organochlorine (OC) pesticides were most strongly associated with periodontal disease. Adjusted odds ratios across quintiles of OC pesticides were 1.0, 1.3, 1.7, 2.4, and 2.7 (p for trend 0.01) for the presence in any site of clinical attachment loss or = 4 mm and 1.0, 1.7, 2.6, 3.4, and 3.7 (p for trend 0.01) for the presence of pocket depth or = 4 mm. Polychlorinated biphenyls and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins also showed significant positive associations with one or both definitions of periodontal disease. Results did not materially change when continuous variables of clinical attachment loss or pocket depth were used as outcomes. Although participants with periodontal disease had higher white blood cell and neutrophil counts, neutrophil counts were inversely related to OC pesticides (p for trend 0.01). These inverse associations did not change after excluding subjects with C-reactive protein /= 3 mg/L. CONCLUSION: POPs, especially OC pesticides, were positively associated with periodontal disease, possibly through immunomodulation due to OC pesticides. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Lee, Duk-Hee AU - Jacobs, David R AU - Kocher, Thomas Y1 - 2008/11// PY - 2008 DA - Nov 2008 SP - 1558 EP - 1562 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 11 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - disturbance KW - Organochlorine compounds KW - immune system KW - persistent organic pollutants KW - endocrine disruptors KW - periodontal diseases KW - Pesticides KW - Proteins KW - Nutrition KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21388586?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Associations+of+Serum+Concentrations+of+Persistent+Organic+Pollutants+with+the+Prevalence+of+Periodontal+Disease+and+Subpopulations+of+White+Blood+Cells&rft.au=Lee%2C+Duk-Hee%3BJacobs%2C+David+R%3BKocher%2C+Thomas&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Duk-Hee&rft.date=2008-11-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1558&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - disturbance; Organochlorine compounds; immune system; endocrine disruptors; persistent organic pollutants; Pesticides; periodontal diseases; Proteins; Nutrition ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dioxins and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality AN - 21387516; 12100011 AB - OBJECTIVE: In this systematic review we evaluated the evidence on the association between dioxin exposure and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in humans. DATA SOURCES AND EXTRACTION: We conducted a PubMed search in December 2007 and considered all English-language epidemiologic studies and their citations regarding dioxin exposure and CVD mortality. To focus on dioxins, we excluded cohorts that were either primarily exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls or from the leather and perfume industries, which include other cardiotoxic coexposures. DATA SYNTHESIS: We included results from 12 cohorts in the review. Ten cohorts were occupationally exposed. We divided analyses according to two well-recognized criteria of epidemiologic study quality: the accuracy of the exposure assessment, and whether the exposed population was compared with an internal or an external (e.g., general population) reference group. Analyses using internal comparisons with accurate exposure assessments are the highest quality because they minimize both exposure misclassification and confounding due to workers being healthier than the general population ("healthy worker effect"). The studies in the highest-quality group found consistent and significant dose-related increases in ischemic heart disease (IHD) mortality and more modest associations with all-CVD mortality. Their primary limitation was a lack of adjustment for potential confounding by the major risk factors for CVD. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this systematic review suggest that dioxin exposure is associated with mortality from both IHD and all CVD, although more strongly with the former. However, it is not possible to determine the potential bias, if any, from confounding by other risk factors for CVD. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Humblet, Olivier AU - Birnbaum, Linda AU - Rimm, Eric AU - Mittleman, Murray A AU - Hauser, Russ Y1 - 2008/11// PY - 2008 DA - Nov 2008 SP - 1443 EP - 1448 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 11 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Mortality KW - Consumer products KW - Reviews KW - Cardiovascular diseases KW - PCB compounds KW - Dioxins KW - Occupational exposure KW - heart diseases KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21387516?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Dioxins+and+Cardiovascular+Disease+Mortality&rft.au=Humblet%2C+Olivier%3BBirnbaum%2C+Linda%3BRimm%2C+Eric%3BMittleman%2C+Murray+A%3BHauser%2C+Russ&rft.aulast=Humblet&rft.aufirst=Olivier&rft.date=2008-11-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1443&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mortality; Consumer products; Reviews; Cardiovascular diseases; PCB compounds; heart diseases; Occupational exposure; Dioxins ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Following the Water: A Controlled Study of Drinking Water Storage in Northern Coastal Ecuador AN - 21387466; 12099997 AB - BACKGROUND: To design the most appropriate interventions to improve water quality and supply, information is needed to assess water contamination in a variety of community settings, including those that rely primarily on unimproved surface sources of drinking water. OBJECTIVES: We explored the role of initial source water conditions as well as household factors in determining household water quality, and how levels of contamination of drinking water change over time, in a rural setting in northern coastal Ecuador. METHODS: We sampled source waters concurrently with water collection by household members and followed this water over time, comparing Escherichia coli and enterococci concentrations in water stored in households with water stored under controlled conditions. RESULTS: We observed significant natural attenuation of indicator organisms in control containers and significant, although less pronounced, reductions of indicators between the source of drinking water and its point of use through the third day of sampling. These reductions were followed by recontamination in approximately half of the households. CONCLUSIONS: Water quality improved after water was transferred from the source to household storage containers, but then declined because of recontamination in the home. Our experimental design allowed us to observe these dynamics by controlling for initial source water quality and following changes in water quality over time. These data, because of our controlled experimental design, may explain why recontamination has been reported in the literature as less prominent in areas or households with highly contaminated source waters. Our results also suggest that efforts to improve source water quality and sanitation remain important. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Levy, Karen AU - Nelson, Kara L AU - Hubbard, Alan AU - Eisenberg, Joseph N S Y1 - 2008/11// PY - 2008 DA - Nov 2008 SP - 1533 EP - 1540 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 11 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - water quality KW - Containers KW - Contamination KW - Pathogenic bacteria KW - Microbial contamination KW - Water quality KW - Storage KW - households KW - Coastal zone KW - Sanitation KW - Drinking Water KW - intervention KW - ISE, Ecuador KW - Escherichia coli KW - natural attenuation KW - Water wells KW - Biological pollutants KW - Drinking water KW - water pollution KW - Rural areas KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21387466?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Following+the+Water%3A+A+Controlled+Study+of+Drinking+Water+Storage+in+Northern+Coastal+Ecuador&rft.au=Levy%2C+Karen%3BNelson%2C+Kara+L%3BHubbard%2C+Alan%3BEisenberg%2C+Joseph+N+S&rft.aulast=Levy&rft.aufirst=Karen&rft.date=2008-11-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1533&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Coastal zone; Drinking Water; Pathogenic bacteria; Contamination; Biological pollutants; Microbial contamination; Water quality; Storage; Containers; water quality; households; Sanitation; intervention; natural attenuation; Water wells; Drinking water; water pollution; Rural areas; Escherichia coli; ISE, Ecuador ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prenatal Exposure to Lead, [delta]-Aminolevulinic Acid, and Schizophrenia: Further Evidence AN - 21387274; 12099818 AB - BACKGROUND: A previously conducted study of prenatal lead exposure and schizophrenia using delta-aminolevulinic acid, a biologic marker of Pb exposure, in archived maternal serum samples collected from subjects enrolled in the Childhood Health and Development Study (1959-1966) based in Oakland, California, suggested a possible association between prenatal Pb exposure and the development of schizophrenia in later life. OBJECTIVES: In the present study we extend these findings using samples collected from the New England cohort of the National Collaborative Perinatal Project (1959-1966). Using similar methods, in this study we found results that suggest a comparable association in this cohort. METHODS: We pooled matched sets of cases and controls from both the California and New England sites using a multilevel random-intercept logistic regression model, accounting for matching and site structure as well as adjusting for maternal age at delivery and maternal education. RESULTS: The estimated odds ratio for schizophrenia associated with exposure corresponding to 15 microg/dL of blood Pb was 1.92 (95% confidence interval, 1.05-3.87; p = 0.03). CONCLUSION: Although several limitations constrain generalizability, these results are consistent with previous findings and provide further evidence for the role of early environmental exposures in the development of adult-onset psychiatric disorders. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Opler, Mark G A AU - Buka, Stephen L AU - Groeger, Justine AU - McKeague, Ian AU - Wei, Catherine AU - Factor-Litvak, Pam AU - Bresnahan, Michaeline AU - Graziano, Joseph AU - Goldstein, Jill M AU - Seidman, Larry J AU - Brown, Alan S AU - Susser, Ezra S Y1 - 2008/11// PY - 2008 DA - Nov 2008 SP - 1586 EP - 1590 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 11 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - prenatal experience KW - Education KW - Age KW - Prenatal experience KW - USA, New England KW - USA, California KW - Children KW - mental disorders KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21387274?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Prenatal+Exposure+to+Lead%2C+%5Bdelta%5D-Aminolevulinic+Acid%2C+and+Schizophrenia%3A+Further+Evidence&rft.au=Opler%2C+Mark+G+A%3BBuka%2C+Stephen+L%3BGroeger%2C+Justine%3BMcKeague%2C+Ian%3BWei%2C+Catherine%3BFactor-Litvak%2C+Pam%3BBresnahan%2C+Michaeline%3BGraziano%2C+Joseph%3BGoldstein%2C+Jill+M%3BSeidman%2C+Larry+J%3BBrown%2C+Alan+S%3BSusser%2C+Ezra+S&rft.aulast=Opler&rft.aufirst=Mark+G&rft.date=2008-11-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1586&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Age; Education; prenatal experience; Prenatal experience; Children; mental disorders; USA, New England; USA, California ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Controlled Challenge Study on Di(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate (DEHP) in House Dust and the Immune Response in Human Nasal Mucosa of Allergic Subjects AN - 21384298; 12100003 AB - BACKGROUND: Few studies have yet addressed the effects of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) in house dust on human nasal mucosa. OBJECTIVES: We investigated the effects of house dust containing DEHP on nasal mucosa of healthy and house dust mite (HDM)-allergic subjects in a short-term exposure setting. METHODS: We challenged 16 healthy and 16 HDM-allergic subjects for 3 hr with house dust at a concentration of 300 microg/m(3) containing either low (0.41 mg/g) or high (2.09 mg/g) levels of DEHP. Exposure to filtered air served as control. After exposure, we measured proteins and performed a DNA microarray analysis. RESULTS: Nasal exposure to house dust with low or high DEHP had no effect on symptom scores. Healthy subjects had almost no response to inhaled dust, but HDM-allergic subjects showed varied responses: DEHP(low) house dust increased eosinophil cationic protein, granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), interleukin (IL)-5, and IL-6, whereas DEHP(high) house dust decreased G-CSF and IL-6. Furthermore, in healthy subjects, DEHP concentration resulted in 10 differentially expressed genes, whereas 16 genes were differentially expressed in HDM-allergic subjects, among them anti-Muellerian hormone, which was significantly up-regulated after exposure to DEHP(high) house dust compared with exposure to DEHP(low) house dust, and fibroblast growth factor 9, IL-6, and transforming growth factor-beta1, which were down-regulated. CONCLUSIONS: Short-term exposure to house dust with high concentrations of DEHP has attenuating effects on human nasal immune response in HDM-allergic subjects, concerning both gene expression and cytokines. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Deutschle, Tom AU - Reiter, Rudolf AU - Butte, Werner AU - Heinzow, Birger AU - Keck, Tilman AU - Riechelmann, Herbert Y1 - 2008/11// PY - 2008 DA - Nov 2008 SP - 1487 EP - 1493 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 11 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - phthalates KW - House dust KW - DNA KW - Mites KW - Proteins KW - Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus KW - Immune response KW - growth factors KW - Hormones KW - Dust KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21384298?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=A+Controlled+Challenge+Study+on+Di%282-ethylhexyl%29+Phthalate+%28DEHP%29+in+House+Dust+and+the+Immune+Response+in+Human+Nasal+Mucosa+of+Allergic+Subjects&rft.au=Deutschle%2C+Tom%3BReiter%2C+Rudolf%3BButte%2C+Werner%3BHeinzow%2C+Birger%3BKeck%2C+Tilman%3BRiechelmann%2C+Herbert&rft.aulast=Deutschle&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft.date=2008-11-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1487&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - phthalates; House dust; Mites; DNA; Proteins; Immune response; Hormones; growth factors; Dust; Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus ER - TY - JOUR T1 - S-Ethyl-N,N-dipropylthiocarbamate Exposure and Cancer Incidence among Male Pesticide Applicators in the Agricultural Health Study: A Prospective Cohort AN - 21384270; 12099996 AB - BACKGROUND: The Agricultural Health Study (AHS) is a prospective cohort study of licensed pesticide applicators from Iowa and North Carolina enrolled between 1993 and 1997. EPTC (S-ethyl-N,N-dipropylthiocarbamate) is a thiocarbamate herbicide used in every region of the United States. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency reports that EPTC is most likely not a human carcinogen; however, the previous epidemiologic data on EPTC exposure and cancer risk were limited. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to examine cancer incidence and EPTC use in 48,378 male pesticide applicators enrolled in the AHS. METHODS: We estimated the rate ratio (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for all cancers and selected cancer sites using Poisson regression. We assessed EPTC exposure using two quantitative metrics: lifetime exposure days and intensity-weighted lifetime exposure days, a measure that accounts for application factors that modify personal exposure likelihood. RESULTS: Among the 9,878 applicators exposed to EPTC, 470 incident cancer cases were diagnosed during the follow-up period ending December 2004 compared with the 1,824 cases among individuals reporting no use. Although EPTC was associated with colon cancer in the highest tertile of both lifetime exposure days and intensity-weighted lifetime days (RR = 2.09; 95% CI, 1.26-3.47 and RR = 2.05; 95% CI, 1.34-3.14, respectively) and the trend test was 0.01 for both, the pattern of RR was not monotonic with increasing use. There was a suggestion of an association with leukemia. No other associations were observed. CONCLUSION: In this analysis, EPTC use appeared to be associated with colon cancer and leukemia. However, given the relatively small number of cases in the highest exposure tertile, results should be interpreted with caution, and further investigations are needed. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - van Bemmel, Dana M AU - Visvanathan, Kala AU - Freeman, Laura E Beane AU - Coble, Joseph AU - Hoppin, Jane A AU - Alavanja, Michael C R Y1 - 2008/11// PY - 2008 DA - Nov 2008 SP - 1541 EP - 1546 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 11 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - USA, North Carolina KW - Leukemia KW - EPA KW - USA, Iowa KW - Pesticides KW - males KW - Herbicides KW - Carcinogens KW - Cancer KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21384270?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=S-Ethyl-N%2CN-dipropylthiocarbamate+Exposure+and+Cancer+Incidence+among+Male+Pesticide+Applicators+in+the+Agricultural+Health+Study%3A+A+Prospective+Cohort&rft.au=van+Bemmel%2C+Dana+M%3BVisvanathan%2C+Kala%3BFreeman%2C+Laura+E+Beane%3BCoble%2C+Joseph%3BHoppin%2C+Jane+A%3BAlavanja%2C+Michael+C+R&rft.aulast=van+Bemmel&rft.aufirst=Dana&rft.date=2008-11-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1541&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - EPA; Leukemia; Pesticides; males; Herbicides; Carcinogens; Cancer; USA, North Carolina; USA, Iowa ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Secondhand Smoke Exposure in Hospitality Venues in Europe AN - 21376800; 12100006 AB - BACKGROUND: Although in the last few years some European countries have implemented smoking bans in hospitality venues, the levels of secondhand smoke (SHS) in this occupational sector could still be extremely high in most countries. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess exposure to SHS in hospitality venues in 10 European cities. METHODS: We included 167 hospitality venues (58 discotheques and pubs, 82 restaurants and cafeterias, and 27 fast-food restaurants) in this cross-sectional study. We carried out fieldwork in 10 European cities: Vienna (Austria), Paris (France), Athens (Greece), Florence and Belluno (Italy), Galway (Ireland), Barcelona (Spain), Warsaw and Lublin (Poland), and Bratislava (Slovak Republic). We measured vapor-phase nicotine as an SHS marker. RESULTS: We analyzed 504 samples and found nicotine in most samples (97.4%). We found the highest median concentrations in discos/pubs [32.99 microg/m(3); interquartile range (IQR), 8.06-66.84 microg/m(3)] and lower median concentrations in restaurants/cafeterias (2.09 microg/m(3); IQR, 0.49-6.73 microg/m(3)) and fast-food restaurants (0.31 microg/m(3); IQR, 0.11-1.30 microg/m(3)) (p 0.05). We found differences of exposure between countries that may be related to their smoking regulations. Where we sampled smoking and nonsmoking areas, nicotine concentrations were significantly lower in nonsmoking areas. CONCLUSIONS: Hospitality venues from European cities without smoking regulations have very high levels of SHS exposure. Monitoring of SHS on a regular basis as well as a total smoking ban in hospitality sector would be needed. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Lopez, Maria J AU - Nebot, Manel AU - Albertini, Marco AU - Birkui, Pierre AU - Centrich, Francesc AU - Chudzikova, Monika AU - Georgouli, Maria AU - Gorini, Giuseppe AU - Moshammer, Hanns AU - Mulcahy, Maurice AU - Pilali, Maria AU - Serrahima, Eulalia AU - Tutka, Piotr AU - Fernandez, Esteve Y1 - 2008/11// PY - 2008 DA - Nov 2008 SP - 1469 EP - 1472 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 11 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Cafeteria KW - Greece KW - Eire KW - France, Paris KW - Italy, Firenze KW - Italy KW - Smoking KW - Passive smoking KW - Eire, Connaught, Galway KW - Nicotine KW - Poland KW - fieldwork KW - Slovakia, Zapadoslovensky, Bratislava KW - Spain, Cataluna, Barcelona KW - Urban areas KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21376800?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Secondhand+Smoke+Exposure+in+Hospitality+Venues+in+Europe&rft.au=Lopez%2C+Maria+J%3BNebot%2C+Manel%3BAlbertini%2C+Marco%3BBirkui%2C+Pierre%3BCentrich%2C+Francesc%3BChudzikova%2C+Monika%3BGeorgouli%2C+Maria%3BGorini%2C+Giuseppe%3BMoshammer%2C+Hanns%3BMulcahy%2C+Maurice%3BPilali%2C+Maria%3BSerrahima%2C+Eulalia%3BTutka%2C+Piotr%3BFernandez%2C+Esteve&rft.aulast=Lopez&rft.aufirst=Maria&rft.date=2008-11-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1469&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Smoking; Passive smoking; Nicotine; fieldwork; Urban areas; Cafeteria; Greece; Eire, Connaught, Galway; Poland; Eire; France, Paris; Italy, Firenze; Spain, Cataluna, Barcelona; Slovakia, Zapadoslovensky, Bratislava; Italy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Murine Lung Responses to Ambient Particulate Matter: Genomic Analysis and Influence on Airway Hyperresponsiveness AN - 21376760; 12100001 AB - BACKGROUND: Asthma is a complex disease characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and chronic airway inflammation. Epidemiologic studies have demonstrated that exposures to environmental factors such as ambient particulate matter (PM), a major air pollutant, contribute to increased asthma prevalence and exacerbations. OBJECTIVE: We investigated pathophysiologic responses to Baltimore, Maryland, ambient PM (median diameter, 1.78 mum) in a murine model of asthma and attempted to identify PM-specific genomic/molecular signatures. METHODS: We exposed ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized A/J mice intratracheally to PM (20 mg/kg), and assayed both AHR and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) on days 1, 4, and 7 after PM exposure. Lung gene expression profiling was analyzed in OVA- and PM-challenged mice. RESULTS: Consistent with this murine model of asthma, we observed significant increases in airway responsiveness in OVA-treated mice, with PM exposure inducing significant changes in AHR in both naive mice and OVA-induced asthmatic mice. PM evoked eosinophil and neutrophil infiltration into airways, elevated BAL protein content, and stimulated secretion of type 1 T helper (T(H)1) cytokines [interferon-gamma, interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha] and T(H)2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, eotaxin) into murine airways. Furthermore, PM consistently induced expression of genes involved in innate immune responses, chemotaxis, and complement system pathways. CONCLUSION: This study is consistent with emerging epidemiologic evidence and indicates that PM exposure evokes proinflammatory and allergic molecular signatures that may directly contribute to the asthma susceptibility in naive subjects and increased severity in affected asthmatics. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Wang, Ting AU - Moreno-Vinasco, Liliana AU - Huang, Yong AU - Lang, Gabriel D AU - Linares, Jered D AU - Goonewardena, Sascha N AU - Grabavoy, Alayna AU - Samet, Jonathan M AU - Geyh, Alison S AU - Breysse, Patrick N AU - Lussier, Yves A AU - Natarajan, Viswanathan AU - Garcia, Joe G N Y1 - 2008/11// PY - 2008 DA - Nov 2008 SP - 1500 EP - 1508 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 11 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Air pollution KW - environmental factors KW - Lung KW - Infiltration KW - Asthma KW - Proteins KW - Mice KW - tumors KW - USA, Maryland, Baltimore KW - Respiratory diseases KW - Particulates KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21376760?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Murine+Lung+Responses+to+Ambient+Particulate+Matter%3A+Genomic+Analysis+and+Influence+on+Airway+Hyperresponsiveness&rft.au=Wang%2C+Ting%3BMoreno-Vinasco%2C+Liliana%3BHuang%2C+Yong%3BLang%2C+Gabriel+D%3BLinares%2C+Jered+D%3BGoonewardena%2C+Sascha+N%3BGrabavoy%2C+Alayna%3BSamet%2C+Jonathan+M%3BGeyh%2C+Alison+S%3BBreysse%2C+Patrick+N%3BLussier%2C+Yves+A%3BNatarajan%2C+Viswanathan%3BGarcia%2C+Joe+G+N&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Ting&rft.date=2008-11-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1500&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air pollution; environmental factors; Lung; Infiltration; Proteins; Asthma; tumors; Mice; Particulates; Respiratory diseases; USA, Maryland, Baltimore ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Glutathione S-Transferase Polymorphisms, Passive Smoking, Obesity, and Heart Rate Variability in Nonsmokers AN - 21374775; 12100002 AB - BACKGROUND: Disturbances of heart rate variability (HRV) may represent one pathway by which second-hand smoke (SHS) and air pollutants affect cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The mechanisms are poorly understood. OBJECTIVES: We investigated the hypothesis that oxidative stress alters cardiac autonomic control. We studied the association of polymorphisms in oxidant-scavenging glutathione S-transferase (GST) genes and their interactions with SHS and obesity with HRV. METHODS: A total of 1,133 nonsmokers 50 years of age from a population-based Swiss cohort underwent ambulatory 24-hr electrocardiogram monitoring and reported on lifestyle and medical history. We genotyped GSTM1 and GSTT1 gene deletions and a GSTP1 (Ile105Val) single nucleotide polymorphism and analyzed genotype-HRV associations by multiple linear regressions. RESULTS: Homozygous GSTT1 null genotypes exhibited an average 10% decrease in total power (TP) and low-frequency-domain HRV parameters. All three polymorphisms modified the cross-sectional associations of HRV with SHS and obesity. Homozygous GSTM1 null genotypes with 2 hr/day of SHS exposure exhibited a 26% lower TP [95% confidence interval (CI), 11 to 39%], versus a reduction of -5% (95% CI, -22 to 17%) in subjects with the gene and the same SHS exposure compared with GSTM1 carriers without SHS exposure. Similarly, obese GSTM1 null genotypes had, on average, a 22% (95% CI, 12 to 31%) lower TP, whereas with the gene present obesity was associated with only a 3% decline (95% CI, -15% to 10%) compared with nonobese GSTM1 carriers. CONCLUSIONS: GST deficiency is associated with significant HRV alterations in the general population. Its interaction with SHS and obesity in reducing HRV is consistent with an impact of oxidative stress on the autonomous nervous system. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Probst-Hensch, Nicole M AU - Imboden, Medea AU - Dietrich, Denise Felber AU - Barthelemy, Jean-Claude AU - Ackermann-Liebrich, Ursula AU - Berger, Wolfgang AU - Gaspoz, Jean-Michel AU - Schwartz, Joel Y1 - 2008/11// PY - 2008 DA - Nov 2008 SP - 1494 EP - 1499 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 11 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Air pollution KW - Mortality KW - Historical account KW - Age KW - Passive smoking KW - heart rate KW - obesity KW - Genotypes KW - oxidative stress KW - Morbidity KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21374775?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Glutathione+S-Transferase+Polymorphisms%2C+Passive+Smoking%2C+Obesity%2C+and+Heart+Rate+Variability+in+Nonsmokers&rft.au=Probst-Hensch%2C+Nicole+M%3BImboden%2C+Medea%3BDietrich%2C+Denise+Felber%3BBarthelemy%2C+Jean-Claude%3BAckermann-Liebrich%2C+Ursula%3BBerger%2C+Wolfgang%3BGaspoz%2C+Jean-Michel%3BSchwartz%2C+Joel&rft.aulast=Probst-Hensch&rft.aufirst=Nicole&rft.date=2008-11-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1494&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air pollution; Historical account; Mortality; Age; Passive smoking; heart rate; obesity; Genotypes; Morbidity; oxidative stress ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating Individual-Level Exposure to Airborne Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons throughout the Gestational Period Based on Personal, Indoor, and Outdoor Monitoring AN - 21374737; 12100000 AB - OBJECTIVES: Current understanding on health effects of long-term polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure is limited by lack of data on time-varying nature of the pollutants at an individual level. In a cohort of pregnant women in Krakow, Poland, we examined the contribution of temporal, spatial, and behavioral factors to prenatal exposure to airborne PAHs within each trimester and developed a predictive model of PAH exposure over the entire gestational period. METHODS: We monitored nonsmoking pregnant women (n = 341) for their personal exposure to pyrene and eight carcinogenic PAHs-benz[a]anthracene, chrysene/isochrysene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, benzo[k]fluoranthene, benzo[a]pyrene [B(a)P], indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene, dibenz[a,h]anthracene, and benzo[g,h,i]perylene-during their second trimester for a consecutive 48-hr period. In a subset (n = 78), we monitored indoor and outdoor levels simultaneously with the personal monitoring during the second trimester with an identical monitor. The subset of women was also monitored for personal exposure for a 48-hr period during each trimester. We repeatedly administered a questionnaire on health history, lifestyle, and home environment. RESULTS: The observed personal, indoor, and outdoor B(a)P levels we observed in Krakow far exceed the recommended Swedish guideline value for B(a)P of 0.1 ng/m(3). Based on simultaneously monitored levels, the outdoor PAH level alone accounts for 93% of total variability in personal exposure during the heating season. Living near the Krakow bus depot, a crossroad, and the city center and time spent outdoors or commuting were not associated with higher personal exposure. During the nonheating season only, a 1-hr increase in environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure was associated with a 10-16% increase in personal exposure to the nine measured PAHs. A 1 degrees C decrease in ambient temperature was associated with a 3-5% increase in exposure to benz[a]anthracene, benzo[k]fluoranthene, and dibenz[a,h]anthracene, after accounting for the outdoor concentration. A random effects model demonstrated that mean personal exposure at a given gestational period depends on the season, residence location, and ETS. CONCLUSION: Considering that most women reported spending 3 hr/day outdoors, most women in the study were exposed to outdoor-originating PAHs within the indoor setting. Cross-sectional, longitudinal monitoring supplemented with questionnaire data allowed development of a gestation-length model of individual-level exposure with high precision and validity. These results are generalizable to other nonsmoking pregnant women in similar exposure settings and support reduction of exposure to protect the developing fetus. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Choi, Hyunok AU - Perera, Frederica AU - Pac, Agnieszka AU - Wang, Lu AU - Flak, Elzbieta AU - Mroz, Elzbieta AU - Jacek, Ryszard AU - Chai-Onn, Tricia AU - Jedrychowski, Wieslaw AU - Masters, Elizabeth AU - Camann, David AU - Spengler, John Y1 - 2008/11// PY - 2008 DA - Nov 2008 SP - 1509 EP - 1518 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 11 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - pyrene KW - prenatal experience KW - Poland, Malopolskie, Krakow KW - Passive smoking KW - Commuting KW - Carcinogenicity KW - prediction models KW - guidelines KW - Poland KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Pregnancy KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21374737?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Estimating+Individual-Level+Exposure+to+Airborne+Polycyclic+Aromatic+Hydrocarbons+throughout+the+Gestational+Period+Based+on+Personal%2C+Indoor%2C+and+Outdoor+Monitoring&rft.au=Choi%2C+Hyunok%3BPerera%2C+Frederica%3BPac%2C+Agnieszka%3BWang%2C+Lu%3BFlak%2C+Elzbieta%3BMroz%2C+Elzbieta%3BJacek%2C+Ryszard%3BChai-Onn%2C+Tricia%3BJedrychowski%2C+Wieslaw%3BMasters%2C+Elizabeth%3BCamann%2C+David%3BSpengler%2C+John&rft.aulast=Choi&rft.aufirst=Hyunok&rft.date=2008-11-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1509&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - prenatal experience; pyrene; Passive smoking; Commuting; guidelines; prediction models; Carcinogenicity; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Pregnancy; Poland, Malopolskie, Krakow; Poland ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Meeting Report: Moving Upstream-Evaluating Adverse Upstream End Points for Improved Risk Assessment and Decision-Making AN - 21374696; 12099991 AB - BACKGROUND: Assessing adverse effects from environmental chemical exposure is integral to public health policies. Toxicology assays identifying early biological changes from chemical exposure are increasing our ability to evaluate links between early biological disturbances and subsequent overt downstream effects. A workshop was held to consider how the resulting data inform consideration of an "adverse effect" in the context of hazard identification and risk assessment. OBJECTIVES: Our objective here is to review what is known about the relationships between chemical exposure, early biological effects (upstream events), and later overt effects (downstream events) through three case studies (thyroid hormone disruption, antiandrogen effects, immune system disruption) and to consider how to evaluate hazard and risk when early biological effect data are available. DISCUSSION: Each case study presents data on the toxicity pathways linking early biological perturbations with downstream overt effects. Case studies also emphasize several factors that can influence risk of overt disease as a result from early biological perturbations, including background chemical exposures, underlying individual biological processes, and disease susceptibility. Certain effects resulting from exposure during periods of sensitivity may be irreversible. A chemical can act through multiple modes of action, resulting in similar or different overt effects. CONCLUSIONS: For certain classes of early perturbations, sufficient information on the disease process is known, so hazard and quantitative risk assessment can proceed using information on upstream biological perturbations. Upstream data will support improved approaches for considering developmental stage, background exposures, disease status, and other factors important to assessing hazard and risk for the whole population. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Woodruff, Tracey J AU - Zeise, Lauren AU - Axelrad, Daniel A AU - Guyton, Kathryn Z AU - Janssen, Sarah AU - Miller, Mark AU - Miller, Gregory G AU - Schwartz, Jackie M AU - Alexeeff, George AU - Anderson, Henry AU - Birnbaum, Linda AU - Bois, Frederic AU - Cogliano, Vincent James AU - Grofton, Kevin AU - Euling, Susan Y AU - Foster, Paul M D AU - Germolec, Dori R AU - Gray, Earl AU - Hattis, Dale B AU - Kyle, Amy D AU - Luebke, Robert W AU - Luster, Michael I AU - Portier, Chris AU - Rice, Deborah C AU - Solomon, Gina AU - Vandenberg, John AU - Zoeller, R Thomas Y1 - 2008/11// PY - 2008 DA - Nov 2008 SP - 1568 EP - 1575 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 11 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - case studies KW - upstream KW - immune system KW - biological effects KW - downstream KW - Toxicity KW - Side effects KW - Public health KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21374696?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Meeting+Report%3A+Moving+Upstream-Evaluating+Adverse+Upstream+End+Points+for+Improved+Risk+Assessment+and+Decision-Making&rft.au=Woodruff%2C+Tracey+J%3BZeise%2C+Lauren%3BAxelrad%2C+Daniel+A%3BGuyton%2C+Kathryn+Z%3BJanssen%2C+Sarah%3BMiller%2C+Mark%3BMiller%2C+Gregory+G%3BSchwartz%2C+Jackie+M%3BAlexeeff%2C+George%3BAnderson%2C+Henry%3BBirnbaum%2C+Linda%3BBois%2C+Frederic%3BCogliano%2C+Vincent+James%3BGrofton%2C+Kevin%3BEuling%2C+Susan+Y%3BFoster%2C+Paul+M+D%3BGermolec%2C+Dori+R%3BGray%2C+Earl%3BHattis%2C+Dale+B%3BKyle%2C+Amy+D%3BLuebke%2C+Robert+W%3BLuster%2C+Michael+I%3BPortier%2C+Chris%3BRice%2C+Deborah+C%3BSolomon%2C+Gina%3BVandenberg%2C+John%3BZoeller%2C+R+Thomas&rft.aulast=Woodruff&rft.aufirst=Tracey&rft.date=2008-11-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1568&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - case studies; Risk assessment; upstream; immune system; biological effects; downstream; Toxicity; Side effects; Public health ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Agriculture Alters Gonadal Form and Function in the Toad Bufo marinus AN - 21371781; 12099998 AB - BACKGROUND: Many agricultural contaminants disrupt endocrine systems of wildlife. However, evidence of endocrine disruption in wild amphibians living in agricultural areas has been controversial. Typically, studies on the effects of pollutants on wildlife attempt to compare polluted with unpolluted sites. OBJECTIVES: We took a novel approach to address this question by explicitly quantifying the relationship between gonadal abnormalities and habitats characterized by differing degrees of agricultural activity. METHODS: We quantified the occurrence of gonadal abnormalities and measures of gonadal function in at least 20 giant toads (Bufo marinus) from each of five sites that occur along a gradient of increasing agricultural land use from 0 to 97%. RESULTS: The number of abnormalities and frequency of intersex gonads increased with agriculture in a dose-dependent fashion. These gonadal abnormalities were associated with altered gonadal function. Testosterone, but not 17beta-estradiol, concentrations were altered and secondary sexual traits were either feminized (increased skin mottling) or demasculinized (reduced forearm width and nuptial pad number) in intersex toads. Based on the end points we examined, female morphology and physiology did not differ across sites. However, males from agricultural areas had hormone concentrations and secondary sexual traits that were intermediate between intersex toads and non-agricultural male toads. Skin coloration at the most agricultural site was not sexually dimorphic; males had female coloration. CONCLUSIONS: Steroid hormone concentrations and secondary sexual traits correlate with reproductive activity and success, so affected toads likely have reduced reproductive success. These reproductive abnormalities could certainly contribute to amphibian population declines occurring in areas exposed to agricultural contaminants. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - McCoy, Krista A AU - Bortnick, Lauriel J AU - Campbell, Chelsey M AU - Hamlin, Heather J AU - Guillette, Louis J AU - St Mary, Colette M Y1 - 2008/11// PY - 2008 DA - Nov 2008 SP - 1526 EP - 1532 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 11 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Environment Abstracts KW - Resource management KW - Skin KW - Amphibiotic species KW - endocrine disruptors KW - intersexes KW - Wildlife KW - agriculture KW - amphibians KW - Hormones KW - Sex hormones KW - Amphibia KW - Bufo marinus KW - Pollutants KW - Endocrinology KW - steroid hormones KW - toads KW - Reproduction KW - Steroids KW - Abnormalities KW - Breeding success KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21371781?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Agriculture+Alters+Gonadal+Form+and+Function+in+the+Toad+Bufo+marinus&rft.au=McCoy%2C+Krista+A%3BBortnick%2C+Lauriel+J%3BCampbell%2C+Chelsey+M%3BHamlin%2C+Heather+J%3BGuillette%2C+Louis+J%3BSt+Mary%2C+Colette+M&rft.aulast=McCoy&rft.aufirst=Krista&rft.date=2008-11-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1526&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Resource management; Pollutants; Amphibiotic species; Endocrinology; Steroids; Hormones; Abnormalities; Breeding success; Sex hormones; Skin; endocrine disruptors; intersexes; Wildlife; steroid hormones; agriculture; Reproduction; toads; amphibians; Bufo marinus; Amphibia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Limits of Two-Year Bioassay Exposure Regimens for Identifying Chemical Carcinogens AN - 21357700; 12100009 AB - BACKGROUND: Chemical carcinogenesis bioassays in animals have long been recognized and accepted as valid predictors of potential cancer hazards to humans. Most rodent bioassays begin several weeks after birth and expose animals to chemicals or other substances, including workplace and environmental pollutants, for 2 years. New findings indicate the need to extend the timing and duration of exposures used in the rodent bioassay. OBJECTIVES: In this Commentary, we propose that the sensitivity of chemical carcinogenesis bio-assays would be enhanced by exposing rodents beginning in utero and continuing for 30 months (130 weeks) or until their natural deaths at up to about 3 years. DISCUSSION: Studies of three chemicals of different structures and uses-aspartame, cadmium, and toluene-suggest that exposing experimental animals in utero and continuing exposure for 30 months or until their natural deaths increase the sensitivity of bioassays, avoid false-negative results, and strengthen the value and validity of results for regulatory agencies. CONCLUSIONS: Government agencies, drug companies, and the chemical industry should conduct and compare the results of 2-year bioassays of known carcinogens or chemicals for which there is equivocal evidence of carcinogenicity with longer-term studies, with and without in utero exposure. If studies longer than 2 years and/or with in utero exposure are found to better identify potential human carcinogens, then regulatory agencies should promptly revise their testing guidelines, which were established in the 1960s and early 1970s. Changing the timing and dosing of the animal bioassay would enhance protection of workers and consumers who are exposed to potentially dangerous workplace or home contaminants, pollutants, drugs, food additives, and other chemicals throughout their lives. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Huff, James AU - Jacobson, Michael F AU - Davis, Devra Lee Y1 - 2008/11// PY - 2008 DA - Nov 2008 SP - 1439 EP - 1442 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 11 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Mortality KW - Sensitivity KW - Bioassays KW - Prenatal experience KW - Carcinogenesis KW - Carcinogens KW - Drugs KW - rodents KW - Cancer KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21357700?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+Limits+of+Two-Year+Bioassay+Exposure+Regimens+for+Identifying+Chemical+Carcinogens&rft.au=Huff%2C+James%3BJacobson%2C+Michael+F%3BDavis%2C+Devra+Lee&rft.aulast=Huff&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2008-11-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1439&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sensitivity; Mortality; Prenatal experience; Bioassays; Carcinogenesis; Carcinogens; Drugs; Cancer; rodents ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cadmium, Lead, and Other Metals in Relation to Semen Quality: Human Evidence for Molybdenum as a Male Reproductive Toxicant AN - 21353673; 12100005 AB - BACKGROUND: Evidence on human semen quality as it relates to exposure to various metals, both essential (e.g., zinc, copper) and nonessential (e.g., cadmium, lead), is inconsistent. Most studies to date used small sample sizes and were unable to account for important covariates. OBJECTIVES: Our goal in this study was to assess relationships between exposure to multiple metals at environmental levels and human semen-quality parameters. METHODS: We measured semen quality and metals in blood (arsenic, Cd, chromium, Cu, Pb, manganese, mercury, molybdenum, selenium, and Zn) among 219 men recruited through two infertility clinics. We used multiple statistical approaches to assess relationships between metals and semen quality while accounting for important covariates and various metals. RESULTS: Among a number of notable findings, the associations involving Mo were the most consistent over the various statistical approaches. We found dose-dependent trends between Mo and declined sperm concentration and normal morphology, even when considering potential confounders and other metals. For example, adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for below-reference semen-quality parameters in the low, medium, and high Mo groups were 1.0 (reference), 1.4 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.5-3.7], and 3.5 (95% CI, 1.1-11) for sperm concentration and 1.0 (reference), 0.8 (95% CI, 0.3-1.9), and 2.6 (95% CI, 1.0-7.0) for morphology. We also found preliminary evidence for interactions between Mo and low Cu or Zn. In stratified analyses, the adjusted ORs in the high Mo/low Cu group were 14.4 (1.6, 132) and 13.7 (1.6, 114) for below-reference sperm concentration and morphology, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings represent the first human evidence for an inverse association between Mo and semen quality. These relationships are consistent with animal data, but additional human and mechanistic studies are needed. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Meeker, John D AU - Rossano, Mary G AU - Protas, Bridget AU - Diamond, Michael P AU - Puscheck, Elizabeth AU - Daly, Douglas AU - Paneth, Nigel AU - Wirth, Julia J Y1 - 2008/11// PY - 2008 DA - Nov 2008 SP - 1473 EP - 1479 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 11 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Metals KW - Toxicants KW - Morphology KW - Molybdenum KW - Zinc KW - males KW - Mercury KW - Manganese KW - Lead KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21353673?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Cadmium%2C+Lead%2C+and+Other+Metals+in+Relation+to+Semen+Quality%3A+Human+Evidence+for+Molybdenum+as+a+Male+Reproductive+Toxicant&rft.au=Meeker%2C+John+D%3BRossano%2C+Mary+G%3BProtas%2C+Bridget%3BDiamond%2C+Michael+P%3BPuscheck%2C+Elizabeth%3BDaly%2C+Douglas%3BPaneth%2C+Nigel%3BWirth%2C+Julia+J&rft.aulast=Meeker&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2008-11-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1473&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Metals; Toxicants; Zinc; Molybdenum; Morphology; Mercury; males; Manganese; Lead ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transcriptome Analysis in Peripheral Blood of Humans Exposed to Environmental Carcinogens: A Promising New Biomarker in Environmental Health Studies AN - 21347514; 12099999 AB - BACKGROUND: Human carcinogenesis is known to be initiated and/or promoted by exposure to chemicals that occur in the environment. Molecular cancer epidemiology is used to identify human environmental cancer risks by applying a range of effect biomarkers, which tend to be nonspecific and do not generate insights into underlying modes of action. Toxicogenomic technologies may improve on this by providing the opportunity to identify molecular biomarkers consisting of altered gene expression profiles. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to monitor the expression of selected genes in a random sample of adults in Flanders selected from specific regions with (presumably) different environmental burdens. Furthermore, associations of gene expression with blood and urinary measures of biomarkers of exposure, early phenotypic effects, and tumor markers were investigated. RESULTS: Individual gene expression of cytochrome p450 1B1, activating transcription factor 4, mitogen-activated protein kinase 14, superoxide dismutase 2 (Mn), chemokine (C-X-C motif) lig-and 1 (melanoma growth stimulating activity, alpha), diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase homolog 2 (mouse), tigger transposable element derived 3, and PTEN-induced putative kinase1 were measured by means of quantitative polymerase chain reaction in peripheral blood cells of 398 individuals. After correction for the confounding effect of tobacco smoking, inhabitants of the Olen region showed the highest differences in gene expression levels compared with inhabitants from the Gent and fruit cultivation regions. Importantly, we observed multiple significant correlations of particular gene expressions with blood and urinary measures of various environmental carcinogens. CONCLUSIONS: Considering the observed significant differences between gene expression levels in inhabitants of various regions in Flanders and the associations of gene expression with blood or urinary measures of environmental carcinogens, we conclude that gene expression profiling appears promising as a tool for biological monitoring in relation to environmental exposures in humans. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - van Leeuwen, Danitsja M AU - Gottschalk, Ralph W H AU - Schoeters, Greet AU - van Larebeke, Nicolas A AU - Nelen, Vera AU - Baeyens, Willy F AU - Kleinjans, Jos C S AU - van Delft, Joost H M Y1 - 2008/11// PY - 2008 DA - Nov 2008 SP - 1519 EP - 1525 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 11 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Bioindicators KW - Chemicals KW - Belgium, Flanders KW - Urine KW - Carcinogenesis KW - Tobacco KW - Carcinogens KW - melanoma KW - fruit cultivation KW - Cancer KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21347514?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Transcriptome+Analysis+in+Peripheral+Blood+of+Humans+Exposed+to+Environmental+Carcinogens%3A+A+Promising+New+Biomarker+in+Environmental+Health+Studies&rft.au=van+Leeuwen%2C+Danitsja+M%3BGottschalk%2C+Ralph+W+H%3BSchoeters%2C+Greet%3Bvan+Larebeke%2C+Nicolas+A%3BNelen%2C+Vera%3BBaeyens%2C+Willy+F%3BKleinjans%2C+Jos+C+S%3Bvan+Delft%2C+Joost+H+M&rft.aulast=van+Leeuwen&rft.aufirst=Danitsja&rft.date=2008-11-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1519&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chemicals; Bioindicators; Urine; Carcinogenesis; Tobacco; fruit cultivation; melanoma; Carcinogens; Cancer; Belgium, Flanders ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development and testing of analytical models for the pebble bed type HTRs AN - 20974411; 8534946 AB - The pebble bed type gas cooled high temperature reactor (HTR) appears to be a good candidate for the next generation nuclear reactor technology. These reactors have unique characteristics in terms of the randomness in geometry, and require special techniques to analyze their systems. This study includes activities concerning the testing of computational tools and the qualification of models. Indeed, it is essential that the validated analytical tools be available to the research community. From this viewpoint codes like MCNP, ORIGEN and RELAP5, which have been used in nuclear industry for many years, are selected to identify and develop new capabilities needed to support HTR analysis. The geometrical model of the full reactor is obtained by using lattice and universe facilities provided by MCNP. The coupled MCNP-ORIGEN code is used to estimate the burnup and the refuelling scheme. Results obtained from Monte Carlo analysis are interfaced with RELAP5 to analyze the thermal hydraulics and safety characteristics of the reactor. New models and methodologies are developed for several past and present experimental and prototypical facilities that were based on HTR pebble bed concepts. The calculated results are compared with available experimental data and theoretical evaluations showing very good agreement. The ultimate goal of the validation of the computer codes for pebble bed HTR applications is to acquire and reinforce the capability of these general purpose computer codes for performing HTR core design and optimization studies. JF - Annals of Nuclear Energy AU - Huda, M Q AU - Obara, T AD - Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Ganakbari, Savar, GPO Box 3787, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh, quamrul@dhaka.net Y1 - 2008/11// PY - 2008 DA - Nov 2008 SP - 1994 EP - 2005 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 35 IS - 11 SN - 0306-4549, 0306-4549 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Monte Carlo simulation KW - Hydraulics KW - safety engineering KW - Nuclear reactors KW - high temperature KW - Technology KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20974411?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+Nuclear+Energy&rft.atitle=Development+and+testing+of+analytical+models+for+the+pebble+bed+type+HTRs&rft.au=Huda%2C+M+Q%3BObara%2C+T&rft.aulast=Huda&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2008-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1994&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+Nuclear+Energy&rft.issn=03064549&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.anucene.2008.06.009 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nuclear reactors; Monte Carlo simulation; safety engineering; Hydraulics; high temperature; Technology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anucene.2008.06.009 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An analysis methodology for failure in postbuckling skin-stiffener interfaces AN - 20939422; 8375557 AB - Blade-stiffened structures have the potential to produce highly efficient structures, particularly when the large strength reserves available after structural buckling, in the postbuckling range, are exploited. In experimental tests of postbuckling stiffened structures made from fibre-reinforced composites, failure typically initiates at the interface of the skin and stiffener and leads to rapid and even explosive failure. A methodology has been developed for analysing collapse in postbuckling composite structures that involves predicting the initiation of interlaminar damage in the skin-stiffener interface. A strength-based criterion is monitored in each ply using a local model of the skin-stiffener interface cross-section. For the analysis of large structures, a global analysis is first run to obtain the complete postbuckling deformation field, which is then input onto a local model using a global-local analysis technique. The coordinates of the local model can easily be moved to rapidly assess failure initiation at numerous skin-stiffener interface locations throughout the global structure. The analysis methodology is compared to experimental results for two-dimensional T-section specimens and large, fuselage-representative stiffened panels and is shown to give accurate predictions of the failure load and failure mechanisms. The use of the approach for the analysis of postbuckling composite structures has application for the design and certification of the next generation of aircraft. JF - Composite Structures AU - Orifici, A C AU - Thomson, R S AU - Herszberg, I AU - Weller, T AU - Degenhardt, R AU - Bayandor, J AD - Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology, GPO Box 2476V, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia, a.orifici@crc-acs.com.au Y1 - 2008/11// PY - 2008 DA - Nov 2008 SP - 186 EP - 193 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 86 IS - 1-3 SN - 0263-8223, 0263-8223 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Composite materials KW - Aircraft KW - Structural analysis KW - H 2000:Transportation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20939422?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Composite+Structures&rft.atitle=An+analysis+methodology+for+failure+in+postbuckling+skin-stiffener+interfaces&rft.au=Orifici%2C+A+C%3BThomson%2C+R+S%3BHerszberg%2C+I%3BWeller%2C+T%3BDegenhardt%2C+R%3BBayandor%2C+J&rft.aulast=Orifici&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2008-11-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=186&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Composite+Structures&rft.issn=02638223&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.compstruct.2008.03.023 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Structural analysis; Composite materials; Aircraft DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2008.03.023 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relations among exercise type, self-objectification, and body image in the fitness centre environment: The role of reasons for exercise AN - 20914679; 8435720 AB - Objective: The study aimed to investigate different types of exercise, the role of exercise motivation and body image outcomes within the fitness centre environment. Design and method: Participants were 571 female fitness class participants recruited from fitness centres. They ranged in age from 18 to 71 years and participated in a variety of fitness activities both within and outside of the fitness centre environment. Reasons for exercise, self-objectification, body esteem, and disordered eating symptomatology were assessed using questionnaire measures. Results: Time spent exercising within the fitness centre environment was more highly related to body image and eating disturbance than time spent exercising outside of the fitness centre environment. Participation in cardio-based workouts (e.g., cardiovascular machines) was positively related to self-objectification, disordered eating behaviour, and appearance-related reasons for exercise, and negatively related to body esteem. In contrast, participation in yoga-based fitness classes was related to lower self-objectification and exercising more for health and fitness. Appearance-focused reasons for exercise were found to mediate the relationship between exercise types and self-objectification, disordered eating, and body esteem. Conclusion: The results show that the reasons women have for doing exercise provide a mechanism through which different types of exercise are associated with negative body image outcomes. Thus, despite the physical health-related benefits associated with regular physical activity, exercise motivated by appearance reasons (e.g., weight control) can lead to poorer body image in some women. JF - Psychology of Sport and Exercise AU - Prichard, I AU - Tiggemann, M AD - Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia, Ivanka.Prichard@flinders.edu.au Y1 - 2008/11// PY - 2008 DA - Nov 2008 SP - 855 EP - 866 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:f.barron@elsevier.co.uk], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 9 IS - 6 SN - 1469-0292, 1469-0292 KW - Physical Education Index KW - Fitness KW - Participation KW - Women KW - Cardiorespiratory KW - Diet KW - Exercise KW - Activities KW - Body concept KW - Sport psychology KW - PE 120:Sport: Psychology, Sociology & History UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20914679?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aphysicaleducation&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Psychology+of+Sport+and+Exercise&rft.atitle=Relations+among+exercise+type%2C+self-objectification%2C+and+body+image+in+the+fitness+centre+environment%3A+The+role+of+reasons+for+exercise&rft.au=Prichard%2C+I%3BTiggemann%2C+M&rft.aulast=Prichard&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=2008-11-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=855&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Psychology+of+Sport+and+Exercise&rft.issn=14690292&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.psychsport.2007.10.005 LA - English DB - Physical Education Index N1 - Date revised - 2008-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Exercise; Fitness; Body concept; Diet; Women; Sport psychology; Participation; Cardiorespiratory; Activities DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2007.10.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of partial mutual information variable selection to ANN forecasting of water quality in water distribution systems AN - 20887829; 8298486 AB - Recent trends in the management of water supply have increased the need for modelling techniques that can provide reliable, efficient, and accurate representation of the complex, non-linear dynamics of water quality within water distribution systems. Statistical models based on artificial neural networks (ANNs) have been found to be highly suited to this application, and offer distinct advantages over more conventional modelling techniques. However, many practitioners utilise somewhat heuristic or ad hoc methods for input variable selection (IVS) during ANN development. This paper describes the application of a newly proposed non-linear IVS algorithm to the development of ANN models to forecast water quality within two water distribution systems. The intention is to reduce the need for arbitrary judgement and extensive trial-and-error during model development. The algorithm utilises the concept of partial mutual information (PMI) to select inputs based on the analysis of relationship strength between inputs and outputs, and between redundant inputs. In comparison with an existing approach, the ANN models developed using the IVS algorithm are found to provide optimal prediction with significantly greater parsimony. Furthermore, the results obtained from the IVS procedure are useful for developing additional insight into the important relationships that exist between water distribution system variables. JF - Environmental Modelling & Software AU - May, R J AU - Dandy, G C AU - Maier, H R AU - Nixon, J B AD - United Water International Pty Ltd, GPO Box 1875, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia, robert.may@uwi.com.au Y1 - 2008/11// PY - 2008 DA - November 2008 SP - 1289 EP - 1299 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl] VL - 23 IS - 10-11 SN - 1364-8152, 1364-8152 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Prediction KW - water quality KW - Water Supply KW - Algorithms KW - Statistical analysis KW - Water quality KW - Water supplies KW - Computer programs KW - Neural Networks KW - Water Distribution Systems KW - Forecasting KW - neural networks KW - Artificial intelligence KW - Mathematical models KW - Neural networks KW - Statistical models KW - Water Quality KW - Model Studies KW - Water supply KW - Water management KW - Statistical Models KW - AQ 00007:Industrial Effluents KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - M2 551.509.1/.5:Forecasting (551.509.1/.5) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20887829?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Modelling+%26+Software&rft.atitle=Application+of+partial+mutual+information+variable+selection+to+ANN+forecasting+of+water+quality+in+water+distribution+systems&rft.au=May%2C+R+J%3BDandy%2C+G+C%3BMaier%2C+H+R%3BNixon%2C+J+B&rft.aulast=May&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2008-11-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=10-11&rft.spage=1289&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Modelling+%26+Software&rft.issn=13648152&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.envsoft.2008.03.008 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Prediction; Mathematical models; Water management; Statistical models; Water quality; Water supply; Neural networks; Statistical analysis; Algorithms; Computer programs; Artificial intelligence; water quality; neural networks; Water supplies; Neural Networks; Statistical Models; Water Distribution Systems; Water Supply; Water Quality; Forecasting; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2008.03.008 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating species richness and catch per unit effort from boat electro-fishing in a lowland river in temperate Australia AN - 20730987; 8643702 AB - AbstractBiodiversity estimates are typically a function of sampling effort and in this regard it is important to develop an understanding of taxon-specific sampling requirements. Northern hemisphere studies have shown that estimates of riverine fish diversity are related to sampling effort, but such studies are lacking in the southern hemisphere. We used a dataset obtained from boat electro-fishing the fish community along an essentially continuous 13-km reach of the Murrumbidgee River, Australia, to investigate sampling effort effects on fish diversity estimates. This represents the first attempt to investigate relationships between sampling effort and the detection of fish species in a large lowland river in Australia. Seven species were recorded. Species-specific patterns in catch per unit effort were evident and are discussed in terms of solitary and gregarious species, recreational fishing and the monitoring of rare and threatened species. There was a requirement to sample substantial lengths of river to describe total species richness of the fish community in this river reach. To this end, randomly allocated sampling effort and use of species richness estimators produced accurate estimates of species richness without the requirement for excessive levels of effort. Twenty operations were required to estimate species richness at this site, highlighting the need for comparable studies of river fish communities in lowland rivers elsewhere in Australia and the southern hemisphere. JF - Australian Journal of Ecology AU - Ebner, Brendan C AU - Thiem, Jason D AU - Gilligan, Dean M AU - LINTERMANS, MARK AU - Wooden, Ian J AU - Linke, Simon AD - Parks, Conservation and Lands, Department of Territory & Municipal Services, ACT Government, GPO Box 158, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia Y1 - 2008/11// PY - 2008 DA - Nov 2008 SP - 891 EP - 901 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 54 University St VL - 33 IS - 7 SN - 0307-692X, 0307-692X KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Rivers KW - catches KW - boats KW - Australia, Murrumbidgee R. KW - Fishing KW - Boats KW - threatened species KW - Recreation areas KW - species richness KW - Fish KW - Sampling KW - fishing KW - Species richness KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20730987?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+Journal+of+Ecology&rft.atitle=Estimating+species+richness+and+catch+per+unit+effort+from+boat+electro-fishing+in+a+lowland+river+in+temperate+Australia&rft.au=Ebner%2C+Brendan+C%3BThiem%2C+Jason+D%3BGilligan%2C+Dean+M%3BLINTERMANS%2C+MARK%3BWooden%2C+Ian+J%3BLinke%2C+Simon&rft.aulast=Ebner&rft.aufirst=Brendan&rft.date=2008-11-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=891&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australian+Journal+of+Ecology&rft.issn=0307692X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1442-9993.2008.01862.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Australia, Murrumbidgee R.; Fish; species richness; catches; boats; Recreation areas; fishing; threatened species; Rivers; Sampling; Species richness; Boats; Fishing DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-9993.2008.01862.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Behaviour and habitat preferences of bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) and their influence on longline fishery catches in the western Coral Sea AN - 20561807; 9280529 JF - Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences AU - Evans, Karen AU - Langley, Adam AU - Clear, Naomi P AU - Williams, Peter AU - Patterson, Toby AU - Sibert, John AU - Hampton, John AU - Gunn, John S AD - CSIRO (Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization) Marine and Atmospheric Research, G.P.O. Box 1538, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia., Karen.Evans@csiro.au Y1 - 2008/11// PY - 2008 DA - Nov 2008 SP - 2427 EP - 2443 PB - NRC Research Press VL - 65 IS - 11 SN - 0706-652X, 0706-652X KW - Animal Behavior Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Marine KW - catches KW - Ecological distribution KW - habitat preferences KW - Longlining KW - Habitat preferences KW - Catch statistics KW - Habitat selection KW - Tuna fisheries KW - Thunnus obesus KW - Marine fish KW - ISEW, Coral Sea KW - Coral reefs KW - Fisheries KW - Coral KW - Corals KW - Y 25040:Behavioral Ecology KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20561807?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Journal+of+Fisheries+and+Aquatic+Sciences&rft.atitle=Behaviour+and+habitat+preferences+of+bigeye+tuna+%28Thunnus+obesus%29+and+their+influence+on+longline+fishery+catches+in+the+western+Coral+Sea&rft.au=Evans%2C+Karen%3BLangley%2C+Adam%3BClear%2C+Naomi+P%3BWilliams%2C+Peter%3BPatterson%2C+Toby%3BSibert%2C+John%3BHampton%2C+John%3BGunn%2C+John+S&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=Karen&rft.date=2008-11-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2427&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Canadian+Journal+of+Fisheries+and+Aquatic+Sciences&rft.issn=0706652X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1139%2FF08-148 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fish; Ecological distribution; Longlining; Coral; Catch statistics; Tuna fisheries; Habitat selection; Fisheries; Habitat preferences; Corals; catches; Coral reefs; habitat preferences; Thunnus obesus; ISEW, Coral Sea; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/F08-148 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - DNA barcoding discriminates echinoderm species AN - 19762661; 8787723 AB - DNA barcode sequences (a 657-bp segment of the mtDNA cytochrome oxidase I gene, COI) were collected from 191 species (503 specimens) of Echinodermata. All five classes were represented: Ophiuroidea, Asteroidea, Echinoidea, Holothuroidea and Crinoidea. About 30% of sequences were collected specifically for this study, the remainder came from GenBank. Fifty-one species were represented by multiple samples, with a mean intraspecific divergence of 0.62%. Several possible instances of cryptic speciation were noted. Thirty-two genera were represented by multiple species, with a mean congeneric divergence of 15.33%. One hundred and eighty-seven of the 191 species (97.9%) could be distinguished by their COI barcodes. Those that could not were from the echinoid genus Amblypneustes. Neighbour-joining trees of COI sequences generally showed low bootstrap support for anything other than shallow splits, although with very rare exceptions, members of the same class clustered together. Two ophiuran species, in both nucleotide and amino acid neighbour-joining trees, grouped loosely as sister taxa to Crinoidea rather than Ophiuroidea; sequences of these two species appear to have evolved very quickly. Results suggest that DNA barcoding is likely to be an effective, accurate and useful method of species diagnosis for all five classes of Echinodermata. JF - Molecular Ecology Notes AU - Ward, Robert D AU - Holmes, Bronwyn H AU - O'Hara, Tim D AD - CSIRO Wealth from Oceans Flagship, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, GPO Box 1538, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia,, bob.ward@csiro.au Y1 - 2008/11// PY - 2008 DA - Nov 2008 SP - 1202 EP - 1211 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road VL - 8 IS - 6 SN - 1471-8278, 1471-8278 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Genetics Abstracts KW - Asteroidea KW - COI KW - coxI KW - Crinoidea KW - DNA barcode KW - Echinodermata KW - Echinoidea KW - Holothuroidea KW - Ophiuroidea KW - Marine KW - Speciation KW - Cytochromes KW - Marine invertebrates KW - Trees KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Cytochrome oxidase I KW - Echinoida KW - Nucleotides KW - Population genetics KW - Mitochondrial DNA KW - DNA KW - Amino acid sequence KW - N 14815:Nucleotide Sequence KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - G 07750:Ecological & Population Genetics KW - Q1 08187:Palaeontology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19762661?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Ecology+Notes&rft.atitle=DNA+barcoding+discriminates+echinoderm+species&rft.au=Ward%2C+Robert+D%3BHolmes%2C+Bronwyn+H%3BO%27Hara%2C+Tim+D&rft.aulast=Ward&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2008-11-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1202&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+Ecology+Notes&rft.issn=14718278&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1755-0998.2008.02332.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cytochromes; Population genetics; Marine invertebrates; Nucleotide sequence; DNA; Nucleotides; Amino acid sequence; Speciation; Mitochondrial DNA; Trees; Cytochrome oxidase I; Echinodermata; Ophiuroidea; Echinoidea; Holothuroidea; Crinoidea; Echinoida; Asteroidea; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-0998.2008.02332.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction for enumeration of biomining microorganisms in culture AN - 19708418; 8578997 AB - The microbial populations of biomining communities are complex and diverse, including bacteria, archaea and fungi. Low pH, abundance of mineral particles, presence of microorganisms in biofilms and the species diversity of microorganisms inhabiting the biomining environment has made studying these populations difficult. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR) is increasingly used for the enumeration of microorganisms in the environment and has been used to study the populations in various biomining systems. This study evaluates the use of Q-PCR for the enumeration of biomining microorganisms in liquid cultures. Spectrophotometric quantification of extracted DNA was compared with a SYBR Green Q-PCR assay. The 16S rRNA gene was targeted for Q-PCR quantification of three biomining bacteria: Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, Leptospirillum ferrooxidans, Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans and the archaeon Ferroplasma acidiphilum. Primers were designed to amplify a 390+/-35 bp region of the 16S rRNA gene. Southern blot hybridisation was used to determine the number of 16S rRNA gene copies per genome. Standard curves were constructed with DNA from Sinorhizobium meliloti and At. ferrooxidans. Using a standard curve constructed with At. ferrooxidans DNA there was no statistical difference between quantification using Q-PCR and the NanoDrop spectrophotometer (P0.05). JF - Hydrometallurgy AU - Zammit, C M AU - Mutch, LA AU - Watling, H R AU - Watkin, ELJ AD - School of Biomedical Sciences, Parker Centre for Integrated Hydrometallurgy Solutions, GPO Box U1987, Perth 6845, Western Australia, Australia, carla.zammit@postgrad.curtin.edu.au Y1 - 2008/11// PY - 2008 DA - Nov 2008 SP - 185 EP - 189 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 94 IS - 1-4 SN - 0304-386X, 0304-386X KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - Genomes KW - Statistics KW - Archaea KW - Fungi KW - Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans KW - Abundance KW - Sinorhizobium meliloti KW - Population studies KW - Ferroplasma KW - Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans KW - Leptospirillum ferrooxidans KW - Liquid culture KW - Species diversity KW - Microorganisms KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Primers KW - Spectrophotometry KW - Biofilms KW - Minerals KW - pH effects KW - rRNA 16S KW - N 14830:RNA KW - K 03310:Genetics & Taxonomy KW - A 01400:Soil Microbes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19708418?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrometallurgy&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+quantitative+real-time+polymerase+chain+reaction+for+enumeration+of+biomining+microorganisms+in+culture&rft.au=Zammit%2C+C+M%3BMutch%2C+LA%3BWatling%2C+H+R%3BWatkin%2C+ELJ&rft.aulast=Zammit&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2008-11-01&rft.volume=94&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=185&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrometallurgy&rft.issn=0304386X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.hydromet.2008.05.034 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Statistics; Fungi; Abundance; Population studies; Liquid culture; Species diversity; Microorganisms; Polymerase chain reaction; Spectrophotometry; Primers; Biofilms; rRNA 16S; pH effects; Minerals; Archaea; Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans; Leptospirillum ferrooxidans; Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans; Sinorhizobium meliloti; Ferroplasma DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2008.05.034 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling the response of populations of competing species to climate change AN - 19694064; 8832704 AB - Biotic interactions will modulate species' responses to climate change. Many approaches to predicting the impacts of climate change on biodiversity so far have been based purely on a climate envelope approach and have not considered direct and indirect species interactions. Using a long-term observational data set (>30 years) of competing intertidal barnacle species, we built a hierarchy of age-structured two-taxa population models (Semibalanus balanoides vs. Chthamalus montagui and C. stellatus combined as one taxon) to test if the presence of a dominant competitor can mediate climatic influence on the subordinate species. Models were parameterized using data from populations on the south coast of southwest England and verified by hindcasting using independent north coast population data. Recruitment of the dominant competitor, S. balanoides, is driven by temperature. The mechanisms of competition explored included simple space preemption and temperature-driven interference competition. The results indicate that interspecific competition between juvenile barnacles is important in regulating chthamalid density but not that of the dominant competitor S. balanoides. Simulations were carried out using alternative future climate scenarios to predict barnacle population abundance over the next century. Under all emission scenarios, the cold-water S. balanoides is predicted to virtually disappear from southwest England by the 2050s, leading to the competitive release of Chthamalus throughout the entire region and thereby substantially increasing its abundance and occupied habitat (by increasing vertical range on the shore). Our results demonstrate that climate change can profoundly affect the abundance and distribution of species through both the direct effects of temperature on survival, and also by altering important negative interactions through shifting competitive balances and essentially removing dominant competitors or predators. Climate change impacts on organisms are unlikely to lead only to straightforward, easily predictable changes in population size and distribution. The complex, indirect effects of climate change need to be taken into account if we are to accurately forecast the long-term effects of global warming. JF - Ecology AU - Poloczanska, E S AU - Hawkins, S J AU - Southward, A J AU - Burrows, M T AD - Climate Adaptation Flagship, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, GPO Box 1538, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia, elvira.poloczanska@CSIRO.au Y1 - 2008/11// PY - 2008 DA - Nov 2008 SP - 3138 EP - 3149 VL - 89 IS - 11 SN - 0012-9658, 0012-9658 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - shores KW - population number KW - Climate change KW - Abundance KW - Climatic changes KW - Biological diversity KW - Survival KW - Biodiversity KW - Population dynamics KW - Models KW - Ecology KW - Interspecific relationships KW - Chthamalus montagui KW - Emissions KW - recruitment KW - ANE, British Isles, England KW - Competition KW - Marine crustaceans KW - Coasts KW - Temperature effects KW - Marine KW - Semibalanus balanoides KW - Climate models KW - Data processing KW - Temperature KW - Simulation KW - Greenhouse effect KW - Habitat KW - predators KW - Coastal zone KW - Numerical simulations KW - Chthamalus KW - Global warming KW - survival KW - Environmental conditions KW - abundance KW - competition KW - Future climates KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q1 08422:Environmental effects KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19694064?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecology&rft.atitle=Modeling+the+response+of+populations+of+competing+species+to+climate+change&rft.au=Poloczanska%2C+E+S%3BHawkins%2C+S+J%3BSouthward%2C+A+J%3BBurrows%2C+M+T&rft.aulast=Poloczanska&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2008-11-01&rft.volume=89&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=3138&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecology&rft.issn=00129658&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Coastal zone; Interspecific relationships; Climatic changes; Biodiversity; Population dynamics; Environmental conditions; Marine crustaceans; Data processing; Abundance; Survival; Competition; Models; Coasts; Ecology; Climate models; Numerical simulations; Climate change; Global warming; Future climates; shores; population number; Temperature; Simulation; Biological diversity; Greenhouse effect; Habitat; predators; Emissions; recruitment; survival; competition; abundance; Semibalanus balanoides; Chthamalus; Chthamalus montagui; ANE, British Isles, England; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A methodology for statistical design of complex biosecurity surveillance systems AN - 19657180; 8852538 AB - Biosecurity surveillance applications are typically complex, using multiple surveillance system components (SSCs) (e.g. traps, baits, structured surveys, observations), stratifying on risk and anticipating multiple, uncertain targets. We have developed a statistical design methodology for an industrial development on a high-value island nature reserve, but broadly applicable in biosecurity. The development approval requires surveillance for non-indigenous species (NIS) with statistical power of 80% (the probability of detecting the target when it is, in fact, present). We applied the design to an exemplar insect species and will develop an integrated plan for multiple exemplars intended to encompass all terrestrial invertebrates, then later apply the system to other taxa. A key aspect of the system is the use of expert judgement, since data are lacking for many of the design steps. This entails open consultation and communication, consistent with risk management principles. The system applies a cost weighting to each SSC and determines the units of each SSC required for a system optimised for cost and statistical power. We developed a GIS risk surface for the island, based on risk criteria associated with entry opportunities and habitat suitability, using the Analytical Hierarchy Process. Using conditional probabilities we demonstrated there was negligible value allocating effort to low risk areas, hence we assigned all SSC units amongst six key risk areas. Detailed placement of SSC units in space and time will be undertaken by on-site biologists, working to guidelines. Future work will include application of the methodology into other biosecurity settings. JF - Journal of Plant Pathology AU - Whittle, PJL AU - Barrett, S AU - Mengersen, K AU - Hardie, D AU - Nietrzeba, A AU - Stoklosa, R AU - Majer, J D AD - School of Mathematical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane QLD 4001, Australia, peter.whittle@qut.edu.au Y1 - 2008/11// PY - 2008 DA - Nov 2008 SP - 604 VL - 90 IS - 3 SN - 1125-4653, 1125-4653 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Statistics KW - Islands KW - Data processing KW - Risk factors KW - Communication KW - Traps KW - Nature reserves KW - Geographic information systems KW - Habitat KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19657180?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Plant+Pathology&rft.atitle=A+methodology+for+statistical+design+of+complex+biosecurity+surveillance+systems&rft.au=Whittle%2C+PJL%3BBarrett%2C+S%3BMengersen%2C+K%3BHardie%2C+D%3BNietrzeba%2C+A%3BStoklosa%2C+R%3BMajer%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Whittle&rft.aufirst=PJL&rft.date=2008-11-01&rft.volume=90&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=604&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Plant+Pathology&rft.issn=11254653&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data processing; Islands; Statistics; Risk factors; Communication; Traps; Nature reserves; Geographic information systems; Habitat ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Generalised 2D-correlation NMR analysis of a wine fermentation AN - 19614053; 8606343 AB - A wine fermentation has been monitored on a daily basis by super(1)H NMR spectroscopy. Following data pre-processing that includes synthesis of the spectra to ensure all peaks are of constant half-width, the series of spectra were examined using generalised two-dimensional correlation techniques. Synchronous and asynchronous data maps have been generated and employed to interpret the changes in the fermentation process as a function of time. The results illustrate the potential of high resolution NMR with multivariate data analysis as a tool for process monitoring and the manner in which two- dimensional correlation mapping can aid in data interpretation. JF - Analytica Chimica Acta AU - Kirwan, Gemma M AU - Clark, Shona AU - Barnett, Neil W AU - Niere, Julie O AU - Adams, Michael J AD - Applied Chemistry, School of Applied Sciences, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476V, Melbourne, Vic. 3001, Australia, mike.adams@rmit.edu.au Y1 - 2008/11// PY - 2008 DA - Nov 2008 SP - 128 EP - 135 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 629 IS - 1-2 SN - 0003-2670, 0003-2670 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Chemometrics KW - Two-dimensional correlation KW - NMR KW - Process analysis KW - Wine fermentation KW - Data processing KW - Fermentation KW - Magnetic resonance spectroscopy KW - N.M.R. KW - Mapping KW - Vitaceae KW - Wine KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology KW - N 14810:Methods KW - W 30900:Methods KW - X 24300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19614053?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytica+Chimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Generalised+2D-correlation+NMR+analysis+of+a+wine+fermentation&rft.au=Kirwan%2C+Gemma+M%3BClark%2C+Shona%3BBarnett%2C+Neil+W%3BNiere%2C+Julie+O%3BAdams%2C+Michael+J&rft.aulast=Kirwan&rft.aufirst=Gemma&rft.date=2008-11-01&rft.volume=629&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=128&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytica+Chimica+Acta&rft.issn=00032670&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.aca.2008.09.046 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data processing; Fermentation; Magnetic resonance spectroscopy; N.M.R.; Mapping; Wine; Vitaceae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2008.09.046 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of Historical Climate Change on the Southern Ocean Carbon Cycle AN - 19587351; 8828838 AB - Climate change over the last several decades is suggested to cause a decrease in the magnitude of the uptake of CO2 by the Southern Ocean (Le Quere et al.). In this study, the atmospheric fields from NCEP R1 for the years 1948-2003 are used to drive an ocean biogeochemical model to probe how changes in the heat and freshwater fluxes and in the winds affect the Southern Ocean's uptake of carbon. Over this period, the model simulations herein show that the increases in heat and freshwater fluxes drive a net increase in Southern Ocean uptake (south of 40 degree S) while the increases in wind stresses drive a net decrease in uptake. The total Southern Ocean response is nearly identical with the simulation without climate change because the heat and freshwater flux response is approximately both equal and opposite to the wind stress response. It is also shown that any change in the Southern Ocean anthropogenic carbon uptake is always opposed by a much larger change in the natural carbon air-sea exchange. For the 1948-2003 period, the changes in the natural carbon cycle dominate the Southern Ocean carbon uptake response to climate change. However, it is shown with a simple box model that when atmospheric CO2 levels exceed the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) of the upwelled Circumpolar Deep Water ( approximately 450 mu atm) the Southern Ocean uptake response will be dominated by the changes in anthropogenic carbon uptake. Therefore, the suggestion that the Southern Ocean carbon uptake is a positive feedback to global warming is only a transient response that will change to a negative feedback in the near future if the present climate trend continues. Associated with the increased outgassing of carbon from the natural carbon cycle was a reduction in the aragonite saturation state of the high-latitude Southern Ocean (south of 60 degree S). In the simulation with just wind stress changes, the reduction in the high-latitude Southern Ocean aragonite saturation state ( approximately 0.2) was comparable to the magnitude of the decline in the aragonite saturation state over the last 4 decades because of rising atmospheric CO2 levels ( approximately 0.2). The simulation showed that climate change could significantly impact aragonite saturation state in the Southern Ocean. JF - Journal of Climate AU - Matear, R J AU - Lenton, A AD - Corresponding author address: R. J. Matear, GPO Box 1538, Hobart 7001, Australia. richard, matear@csiro.au Y1 - 2008/11// PY - 2008 DA - November 2008 SP - 5820 EP - 5834 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 USA VL - 21 IS - 22 SN - 0894-8755, 0894-8755 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Wind stress KW - Historical account KW - AS, Tropical Atlantic, Circumpolar Deep Water KW - Atmospheric pollution models KW - Climate change KW - Climatic changes KW - Anthropogenic factors KW - Positive feedback KW - deep water KW - Air-water exchanges KW - Heat flux KW - Climate models KW - anthropogenic factors KW - Biogeochemistry KW - Carbon cycle KW - Simulation KW - Stress KW - Climatic trends KW - Greenhouse effect KW - Aragonite KW - Ecosystem disturbance KW - Air-sea interaction KW - Energy flow KW - Numerical simulations KW - Negative feedback KW - Oceans KW - PS, Antarctic Ocean KW - Global warming KW - Carbon dioxide KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q2 09163:Air-water boundary layer KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes KW - O 4060:Pollution - Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19587351?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.atitle=Impact+of+Historical+Climate+Change+on+the+Southern+Ocean+Carbon+Cycle&rft.au=Matear%2C+R+J%3BLenton%2C+A&rft.aulast=Matear&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2008-11-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=22&rft.spage=5820&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Climate&rft.issn=08948755&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F2008JCLI2194.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Wind stress; Energy flow; Climatic changes; Anthropogenic factors; Carbon cycle; Carbon dioxide; Aragonite; Ecosystem disturbance; Air-water exchanges; Air-sea interaction; Heat flux; Atmospheric pollution models; Climate models; Negative feedback; Numerical simulations; Climate change; Climatic trends; Global warming; Positive feedback; Historical account; Biogeochemistry; anthropogenic factors; Oceans; Stress; Simulation; Greenhouse effect; deep water; AS, Tropical Atlantic, Circumpolar Deep Water; PS, Antarctic Ocean DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2008JCLI2194.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of a methodology for the quantification of particle number and gaseous concentrations in a bidirectional bus tunnel and the derivation of emission factors AN - 19581863; 8614265 AB - Particle number, NO sub(x) and CO concentrations were measured simultaneously at the air entry portal and at the mid-point of a 511m bidirectional road tunnel, used entirely by urban public transport buses. The aim of this study was to provide information on concentrations of these pollutants inside a unique bus tunnel, and to develop a viable methodology for determining emission factors for on-road vehicles. Measurements were made continuously over a period of five days that included a complete weekend. Traffic flow rate and air flow rate were also monitored. The mean particle number concentration at mid-tunnel was 4.1x10 super(4)cm super(-) super(3), which was over four times higher than the urban background concentration. The mean concentrations of NO sub(x) and CO at mid-tunnel were 464ppb and 802ppb, respectively. All these values were between 2 and 4 times higher than at the air entry portal. Median concentrations during selected time segments coinciding with the morning and evening rush hours, mid-day during weekdays and full day during the weekends were determined and the corresponding bus emission factors of each of the three parameters was calculated. Mean emission factors found for particle number, NO sub(x) and CO were 7.1x10 super(1) super(4)particleskm super(-) super(1), 8.1gkm super(-) super(1) and 15.9gkm super(-) super(1), respectively. These values compared well with previous studies, showing that the methodology adopted was sound and viable. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Lechowicz, S AU - Jayaratne, R AU - Morawska, L AU - Jamriska, M AD - Queensland University of Technology, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia, l.morawska@qut.edu.au Y1 - 2008/11// PY - 2008 DA - Nov 2008 SP - 8353 EP - 8357 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 42 IS - 35 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - buses KW - Particulates KW - Atmospheric pollution by motor vehicles KW - Flow rates KW - air flow KW - Emissions KW - Emission measurements KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19581863?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Development+of+a+methodology+for+the+quantification+of+particle+number+and+gaseous+concentrations+in+a+bidirectional+bus+tunnel+and+the+derivation+of+emission+factors&rft.au=Lechowicz%2C+S%3BJayaratne%2C+R%3BMorawska%2C+L%3BJamriska%2C+M&rft.aulast=Lechowicz&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2008-11-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=35&rft.spage=8353&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.atmosenv.2008.07.024 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atmospheric pollution by motor vehicles; buses; air flow; Emission measurements; Emissions; Particulates; Flow rates DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.07.024 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Isolation and characterization of microsatellite markers in the newly discovered invasive fruit fly pest in Africa, Bactrocera invadens (Diptera: Tephritidae) AN - 19415799; 8787725 AB - We describe the isolation and characterization of 11 polymorphic microsatellite loci from the recently discovered fruit fly pest, Bactrocera invadens. The polymorphism of these loci was tested in individual flies from two natural populations (Sri Lanka and Democratic Republic of Congo). Allele number per locus ranged from three to 15 and eight loci displayed a polymorphic information content greater than 0.5. These microsatellite loci provide useful markers for studies of population dynamics and invasion history of this pest species. JF - Molecular Ecology Notes AU - Khamis, F AU - Karam, N AU - Guglielmino, C R AU - EKESI, S AU - MASIGA, D AU - De Meyer, M AU - KENYA, E U AU - Malacrida, A R AD - International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, PO Box 30772-00100 GPO, Nairobi, Kenya,, malacrid@unipv.it Y1 - 2008/11// PY - 2008 DA - Nov 2008 SP - 1509 EP - 1511 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road VL - 8 IS - 6 SN - 1471-8278, 1471-8278 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - Bactrocera invadens KW - microsatellites KW - polymorphism KW - Bactrocera KW - Genetic markers KW - Microsatellites KW - Pests KW - Population dynamics KW - Diptera KW - Tephritidae KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Z 05360:Genetics and Evolution KW - G 07750:Ecological & Population Genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19415799?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Ecology+Notes&rft.atitle=Isolation+and+characterization+of+microsatellite+markers+in+the+newly+discovered+invasive+fruit+fly+pest+in+Africa%2C+Bactrocera+invadens+%28Diptera%3A+Tephritidae%29&rft.au=Khamis%2C+F%3BKaram%2C+N%3BGuglielmino%2C+C+R%3BEKESI%2C+S%3BMASIGA%2C+D%3BDe+Meyer%2C+M%3BKENYA%2C+E+U%3BMalacrida%2C+A+R&rft.aulast=Khamis&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2008-11-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1509&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+Ecology+Notes&rft.issn=14718278&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1755-0998.2008.02335.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genetic markers; Microsatellites; Pests; Population dynamics; Bactrocera; Diptera; Tephritidae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-0998.2008.02335.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Changing Expendable Bathythermograph Fall Rates and Their Impact on Estimates of Thermosteric Sea Level Rise AN - 19391513; 8599150 AB - A time-varying warm bias in the global XBT data archive is demonstrated to be largely due to changes in the fall rate of XBT probes likely associated with small manufacturing changes at the factory. Deep-reaching XBTs have a different fall rate history than shallow XBTs. Fall rates were fastest in the early 1970s, reached a minimum between 1975 and 1985, reached another maximum in the late 1980s and early 1990s, and have been declining since. Field XBT/CTD intercomparisons and a pseudoprofile technique based on satellite altimetry largely confirm this time history. A global correction is presented and applied to estimates of the thermosteric component of sea level rise. The XBT fall rate minimum from 1975 to 1985 appears as a 10-yr 'warm period' in the global ocean in thermosteric sea level and heat content estimates using uncorrected data. Upon correction, the thermosteric sea level curve has reduced decadal variability and a larger, steadier long-term trend. JF - Journal of Climate AU - Wijffels, SE AU - Willis, J AU - Domingues, C M AU - Barker, P AU - White, N J AU - Gronell, A AU - Ridgway, K AU - Church, JA AD - Corresponding author address: Susan E. Wijffels, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, GPO 1538, Hobart, 7000, TAS, Australia. susan, wijffels@csiro.au Y1 - 2008/11// PY - 2008 DA - November 2008 SP - 5657 EP - 5672 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 USA VL - 21 IS - 21 SN - 0894-8755, 0894-8755 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Remote Sensing KW - Satellite altimetry KW - Marine KW - Satellite Technology KW - XBTs KW - Variability KW - Enthalpy KW - CTD observations KW - Climates KW - Sea level rise KW - Heat content KW - Ecosystem disturbance KW - Sea Level KW - Expendable bathythermographs KW - History KW - Oceans KW - Ocean-atmosphere system KW - Global warming KW - Archives KW - Sea level variability KW - Bathythermographs KW - Sea level changes KW - O 2010:Physical Oceanography KW - M2 551.58:Climatology (551.58) KW - SW 0540:Properties of water KW - Q2 09167:Tides, surges and sea level UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19391513?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.atitle=Changing+Expendable+Bathythermograph+Fall+Rates+and+Their+Impact+on+Estimates+of+Thermosteric+Sea+Level+Rise&rft.au=Wijffels%2C+SE%3BWillis%2C+J%3BDomingues%2C+C+M%3BBarker%2C+P%3BWhite%2C+N+J%3BGronell%2C+A%3BRidgway%2C+K%3BChurch%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Wijffels&rft.aufirst=SE&rft.date=2008-11-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=5657&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Climate&rft.issn=08948755&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F2008JCLI2290.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Satellite altimetry; XBTs; CTD observations; Ocean-atmosphere system; Archives; Heat content; Ecosystem disturbance; Sea level changes; Expendable bathythermographs; Sea level rise; Global warming; Sea level variability; Remote Sensing; Sea Level; Satellite Technology; Enthalpy; Variability; History; Oceans; Climates; Bathythermographs; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2008JCLI2290.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metabolic Diversity in Campylobacter jejuni Enhances Specific Tissue Colonization AN - 19373508; 8756892 AB - Campylobacter jejuni is a leading cause of foodborne illness in industrialized countries. This pathogen exhibits significant strain-to-strain variability, which results in differences in virulence potential and clinical presentations. Here, we report that acquisition of the capacity to utilize specific nutrients enhanced the ability of a highly pathogenic strain of C. jejuni to colonize specific tissues. The acquisition of a gene encoding a g-glutamyltranspeptidase enabled this strain to utilize glutamine and glutathione and enhanced its ability to colonize the intestine. Furthermore, the acquisition of a DNA segment, which added a sec- dependent secretion signal to an otherwise cytoplasmic asparaginase, allowed this pathogen to utilize asparagine and to more efficiently colonize the liver. Our results reveal that subtle genetic changes in a bacterial pathogen result in significant changes in its ability to colonize specific tissues. In addition, these studies revealed remarkably specific nutritional requirements for a pathogen to effectively colonize different tissues. JF - Cell Host & Microbe AU - Hofreuter, Dirk AU - Novik, Veronica AU - Galan, Jorge E AD - Section of Microbial Pathogenesis, Boyer Center for Molecular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 295 Congress Avenue, New Haven, CT 06536, USA, jorge.galan@yale.edu Y1 - 2008/11// PY - 2008 DA - Nov 2008 SP - 425 EP - 433 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 4 IS - 5 SN - 1931-3128, 1931-3128 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - MICROBIO KW - HUMDISEASE KW - Tissues KW - Asparaginase KW - Glutamine KW - Food industry KW - Glutathione KW - Nutrients KW - Pathogens KW - food-borne diseases KW - Nutrition KW - Asparagine KW - colonization KW - Virulence KW - Colonization KW - secretion signals KW - Campylobacter jejuni KW - DNA KW - Intestine KW - Liver KW - g-Glutamyltranspeptidase KW - J 02320:Cell Biology KW - N 14845:Miscellaneous KW - H 4000:Food and Drugs KW - G 07770:Bacteria UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19373508?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cell+Host+%26+Microbe&rft.atitle=Metabolic+Diversity+in+Campylobacter+jejuni+Enhances+Specific+Tissue+Colonization&rft.au=Hofreuter%2C+Dirk%3BNovik%2C+Veronica%3BGalan%2C+Jorge+E&rft.aulast=Hofreuter&rft.aufirst=Dirk&rft.date=2008-11-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=425&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cell+Host+%26+Microbe&rft.issn=19313128&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.chom.2008.10.002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asparaginase; Glutamine; Glutathione; Food industry; Nutrients; Pathogens; Asparagine; Virulence; Colonization; secretion signals; Liver; Intestine; DNA; g-Glutamyltranspeptidase; Tissues; Nutrition; food-borne diseases; colonization; Campylobacter jejuni DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2008.10.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acute Effects of Ambient Particulate Matter on Mortality in Europe and North America: Results from the APHENA Study AN - 14848906; 10735375 AB - Acute effects of ambient particulate matter on mortality in Europe and North America were assessed. Air pollution measurements were obtained from fixed-site monitoring stations in each city. Based on exploratory analysis, the potential effect modification patterns were examined only for cities with complete time-series data and for the effects of the average of 2-day air pollution. Air pollution risk estimates for the Canadian cities were about 2-fold higher than those for Europe and the United States. The effect estimates for people greater than or equal to 75 years of age were consistently larger than those for people < 75 years of age. It was concluded that the study led to the development of a standardized protocol for analyses and mortality. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Samoli, Evangelia AU - Peng, Roger AU - Ramsay, Tim AU - Pipikou, Marina AU - Touloumi, Giota AU - Dominici, Francesca AU - Burneft, Rick Y1 - 2008/11// PY - 2008 DA - Nov 2008 SP - 1480 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 116 IS - 11 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - SENSITIVITY KW - AIR POLLUTION KW - PARTICULATE SIZE KW - PUBLIC HEALTH KW - AGE COMPARISONS KW - RISK ASSESSMENT KW - NORTH AMERICA KW - EUROPE KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14848906?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Acute+Effects+of+Ambient+Particulate+Matter+on+Mortality+in+Europe+and+North+America%3A+Results+from+the+APHENA+Study&rft.au=Samoli%2C+Evangelia%3BPeng%2C+Roger%3BRamsay%2C+Tim%3BPipikou%2C+Marina%3BTouloumi%2C+Giota%3BDominici%2C+Francesca%3BBurneft%2C+Rick&rft.aulast=Samoli&rft.aufirst=Evangelia&rft.date=2008-11-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1480&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 6 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; SENSITIVITY; AIR POLLUTION; NORTH AMERICA; PARTICULATE SIZE; PUBLIC HEALTH; AGE COMPARISONS; EUROPE ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effect of Alternaria brassicicola infection on the reproductive fitness of the naturally occurring littoral ruderals Cakile maritima and C. edentula AN - 1020849885; 16806214 AB - Cakile maritima and C. edentula are naturalised hosts of the necrotroph Alternaria brassicicola that occur along the coast of New South Wales, Australia. The effect of infection on the growth and reproduction of both host species was investigated. Plant height, leaf number and pod number of C. maritima were reduced by up to 69, 50 and 30% of the control, respectively, and similar responses were observed for plant, pod and seed weight. Regression analysis showed that A. brassicicola infection reduced various measures of host fitness and fecundity (plant weight, pod number and weight). Negative correlations existed between disease severity and measures of plant growth and reproductive ability, but a positive correlation existed with incidence of infected seed during pod maturation. The responses of C. edentula to infection were generally similar to those of C. maritima. These data show that infection with A. brassicicola can reduce the growth and reproductive potential of C. maritima and C. edentula. JF - Australasian Plant Pathology AU - Bock, CH AD - CSIRO Plant Industry, Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, GPO 1600, 2601, Canberra, ACT, Australia Y1 - 2008/11// PY - 2008 DA - Nov 2008 SP - 569 EP - 580 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 37 IS - 6 SN - 0815-3191, 0815-3191 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Coasts KW - Data processing KW - Fecundity KW - Fitness KW - Host plants KW - Infection KW - Leaves KW - Plant diseases KW - Regression analysis KW - Reproduction KW - Seeds KW - Alternaria brassicicola KW - Cakile maritima KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1020849885?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australasian+Plant+Pathology&rft.atitle=The+effect+of+Alternaria+brassicicola+infection+on+the+reproductive+fitness+of+the+naturally+occurring+littoral+ruderals+Cakile+maritima+and+C.+edentula&rft.au=Bock%2C+CH&rft.aulast=Bock&rft.aufirst=CH&rft.date=2008-11-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=569&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australasian+Plant+Pathology&rft.issn=08153191&rft_id=info:doi/10.1071%2FAP08057 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-09-10 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fitness; Plant diseases; Seeds; Fecundity; Data processing; Leaves; Regression analysis; Reproduction; Infection; Host plants; Coasts; Cakile maritima; Alternaria brassicicola DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/AP08057 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Detroit Center for Research on Oral Health Disparities T2 - 136th American Public Health Association Annual Meeting and Exposition (APHA 2008) AN - 41854465; 5070346 JF - 136th American Public Health Association Annual Meeting and Exposition (APHA 2008) AU - Ismail, Amid AU - Sohn, Woosung AU - Willem, Jenefer Y1 - 2008/10/25/ PY - 2008 DA - 2008 Oct 25 KW - USA, Michigan, Detroit KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41854465?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=136th+American+Public+Health+Association+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+%28APHA+2008%29&rft.atitle=Detroit+Center+for+Research+on+Oral+Health+Disparities&rft.au=Ismail%2C+Amid%3BSohn%2C+Woosung%3BWillem%2C+Jenefer&rft.aulast=Ismail&rft.aufirst=Amid&rft.date=2008-10-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=136th+American+Public+Health+Association+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+%28APHA+2008%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://apha.confex.com/apha/136am/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Ethical Issues and Dilemmas in Social Work Public Health Practice: Access and Utilization Issues with Immigrants T2 - 136th American Public Health Association Annual Meeting and Exposition (APHA 2008) AN - 41845594; 5070675 JF - 136th American Public Health Association Annual Meeting and Exposition (APHA 2008) AU - Congress, Elaine Y1 - 2008/10/25/ PY - 2008 DA - 2008 Oct 25 KW - Immigrants KW - Public health KW - Ethics KW - Public access KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41845594?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=136th+American+Public+Health+Association+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+%28APHA+2008%29&rft.atitle=Ethical+Issues+and+Dilemmas+in+Social+Work+Public+Health+Practice%3A+Access+and+Utilization+Issues+with+Immigrants&rft.au=Congress%2C+Elaine&rft.aulast=Congress&rft.aufirst=Elaine&rft.date=2008-10-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=136th+American+Public+Health+Association+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+%28APHA+2008%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://apha.confex.com/apha/136am/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Estimates of infants' fluoride intake from infant formulas in Korea T2 - 136th American Public Health Association Annual Meeting and Exposition (APHA 2008) AN - 41817754; 5070337 JF - 136th American Public Health Association Annual Meeting and Exposition (APHA 2008) AU - Noh, Hiejin AU - Kim, Baek-Il AU - Kwon, Ho-Kwen AU - Choi, Choongho AU - Sohn, Woosung Y1 - 2008/10/25/ PY - 2008 DA - 2008 Oct 25 KW - Korea, Rep. KW - Fluoride KW - Infants KW - Infant formulas KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41817754?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=136th+American+Public+Health+Association+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+%28APHA+2008%29&rft.atitle=Estimates+of+infants%27+fluoride+intake+from+infant+formulas+in+Korea&rft.au=Noh%2C+Hiejin%3BKim%2C+Baek-Il%3BKwon%2C+Ho-Kwen%3BChoi%2C+Choongho%3BSohn%2C+Woosung&rft.aulast=Noh&rft.aufirst=Hiejin&rft.date=2008-10-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=136th+American+Public+Health+Association+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+%28APHA+2008%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://apha.confex.com/apha/136am/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Identifying Critical Factors That Contribute to Bowling Ball Motion on a Bowling Lane T2 - 52nd Annual Fall Technical Conference on Statistics and Quality: Coming to the Table for Growth and Improvement AN - 41110713; 4953061 DE: JF - 52nd Annual Fall Technical Conference on Statistics and Quality: Coming to the Table for Growth and Improvement AU - Stremmel, Neil AU - Ridenour, Paul AU - Sterbenz, Scott Y1 - 2008/10/09/ PY - 2008 DA - 2008 Oct 09 KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41110713?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=52nd+Annual+Fall+Technical+Conference+on+Statistics+and+Quality%3A+Coming+to+the+Table+for+Growth+and+Improvement&rft.atitle=Identifying+Critical+Factors+That+Contribute+to+Bowling+Ball+Motion+on+a+Bowling+Lane&rft.au=Stremmel%2C+Neil%3BRidenour%2C+Paul%3BSterbenz%2C+Scott&rft.aulast=Stremmel&rft.aufirst=Neil&rft.date=2008-10-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=52nd+Annual+Fall+Technical+Conference+on+Statistics+and+Quality%3A+Coming+to+the+Table+for+Growth+and+Improvement&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ftc2008.asu.edu/conference.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-25 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - GEN T1 - [Withholding of Information] AN - 1679146994; CO02303 AB - Peter Hoekstra expresses concern that Central Intelligence Agency is withholding and has arbitrarily classified portions of inspector general's report on "grave misconduct" during narcotics airbridge denial program in Peru. AU - United States. Congress. House AD - United States. Congress. House PY - 2008 SP - 2 KW - Hayden, Michael V. KW - Air Bridge Denial Program KW - Aircraft downings KW - Classification of information KW - Congressional oversight KW - Drug control KW - Peru KW - McConnell, John M. ("Mike") KW - Tenet, George J. KW - Bush, George W. KW - McConnell, John M. ("Mike") KW - Tenet, George J. KW - Bush, George W. UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1679146994?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Adnsa_co&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=%5BWithholding+of+Information%5D&rft.au=United+States.+Congress.+House&rft.aulast=United+States.+Congress.+House&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2008-10-06&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Digital National Security Archive N1 - Name - United States. Central Intelligence Agency. Office of the Inspector General; United States. Department of Justice N1 - Analyte descriptor - NSA document type: Letter N1 - People - Bush, George W.; McConnell, John M. ("Mike"); Tenet, George J. N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-16 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cross mating studies among five fruit fly parasitoid populations: potential biological control implications for tephritid pests AN - 754887776; 13463090 AB - The reproductive compatibility between four different species/populations of the tephritid parasitoid Psyttalia (Walker) species from Kenya and individuals of the morphologically identical Psyttalia concolor (Szepligeti) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from a laboratory culture in Italy used in augmentative biological control of olive fly, Bactrocera oleae (Gmelin) (Diptera: Tephritidae) was assessed through cross mating tests using single-pair and group mating methods. Reciprocal crosses among the species resulted in the production of viable offsprings up to the second generation. In spite of the successful production of viable offspring in the laboratory, Psyttalia species are known to have specific host fruit and/or host fly preferences and populations/species may be isolated in one way or the other. However, it is not known whether these populations/species interbreed in the field. We discuss the ability of these parasitoids to interbreed and the potential effects of that on their use as biological control agents, especially in environments where other closely related species are present or in situations where multiple parasitoid introductions are intended. JF - BioControl (Heidelberg) AU - Billah, Maxwell K AU - Kimani-Njogu, Susan W AU - Wharton, Robert A AU - Overholt, William A AU - Wilson, David D AU - Cobblah, Millicent A AD - Biosystematics Unit, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), Box 30772-00100 GPO, Nairobi, Kenya, mbillah@icipe.org Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - Oct 2008 SP - 709 EP - 724 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 53 IS - 5 SN - 1386-6141, 1386-6141 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Entomology Abstracts KW - Biological control KW - Olea KW - Fruits KW - Bactrocera oleae KW - Pest control KW - Tephritidae KW - Braconidae KW - Mating KW - Pests KW - Hymenoptera KW - Diptera KW - Genetic crosses KW - Parasitoids KW - Z 05350:Medical, Veterinary, and Agricultural Entomology KW - A 01370:Biological Control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754887776?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BioControl+%28Heidelberg%29&rft.atitle=Cross+mating+studies+among+five+fruit+fly+parasitoid+populations%3A+potential+biological+control+implications+for+tephritid+pests&rft.au=Billah%2C+Maxwell+K%3BKimani-Njogu%2C+Susan+W%3BWharton%2C+Robert+A%3BOverholt%2C+William+A%3BWilson%2C+David+D%3BCobblah%2C+Millicent+A&rft.aulast=Billah&rft.aufirst=Maxwell&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=709&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BioControl+%28Heidelberg%29&rft.issn=13866141&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10526-007-9108-y L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/60lqj52r34656w09/?p=0673ad203a694d2a9eacb39edd211822&pi=0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological control; Fruits; Mating; Pest control; Pests; Genetic crosses; Parasitoids; Olea; Bactrocera oleae; Hymenoptera; Diptera; Tephritidae; Braconidae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10526-007-9108-y ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Institutions, motivations and public goods: An experimental test of motivational crowding AN - 754139934; 201023042 AB - Contributions to public goods can be motivated by intrinsic factors such as warm glow altruism and fairness, as well as extrinsic incentives such as sanctions and payments. However, psychological studies suggest that formal extrinsic incentives may crowd out intrinsic motivations. In an experimental study of individual contributions to a public good we find that suasion crowded in voluntary contributions, while an extrinsic incentive in the form of a regulation led to crowding out. This has implications for the design of public policy where ranges of motivations are present. [Copyright Elsevier B.V.] JF - Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization AU - Reeson, Andrew F AU - Tisdell, John G AD - CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems, GPO Box 284, Canberra 2601, Australia andrew.reeson@csiro.au Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - October 2008 SP - 273 EP - 281 PB - Elsevier Ltd, The Netherlands VL - 68 IS - 1 SN - 0167-2681, 0167-2681 KW - Experimental economics Crowding out Public goods Intrinsic motivation Suasion KW - Motivation KW - Public goods KW - Altruism KW - Incentives KW - Payments KW - article UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754139934?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aassia&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Economic+Behavior+%26+Organization&rft.atitle=Institutions%2C+motivations+and+public+goods%3A+An+experimental+test+of+motivational+crowding&rft.au=Reeson%2C+Andrew+F%3BTisdell%2C+John+G&rft.aulast=Reeson&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=273&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Economic+Behavior+%26+Organization&rft.issn=01672681&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jebo.2008.04.002 LA - English DB - Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA) N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-09 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Incentives; Public goods; Motivation; Altruism; Payments DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2008.04.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thinking on the Establishment of the Subject of the People's Congress TT - Transliterated title not available AN - 754066987; 201051927 AB - The people's congress system and the systematical research on the theory of its construction have developed greatly, but still need to develop continuously, deeply and completely. The subject of the people's congress, which researches on the birth and development rules of such a general social phenomenon in democratic political field. The subject should be guided by the Marxism theory on country, based on the construction and the practices of the people's congress system. And its research targets, scale, theoretical system and its relation with other relevant subjects should be identified scientifically. Establishing the relevant system of the subject and researching on it completely can make the theory complete and scientific. Adapted from the source document. JF - Sichuan Ligong Xueyuan Xuebao/Journal of Sichuan University of Science & Engineering (Social Sciences Edition) AU - Wang, Qing-xiu AD - Financial & Economic Committee, Standing Committee Hebei People's Congress, Shijiazhung, China Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - October 2008 SP - 21 EP - 23 PB - Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, Sichuan Province, China VL - 23 IS - 5 SN - 1672-8580, 1672-8580 KW - the people's congress system KW - organization of the people's congress KW - subject of the people's congress KW - subject KW - Marxism KW - Legislative Bodies KW - article KW - 9107: politics; state and local politics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754066987?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sichuan+Ligong+Xueyuan+Xuebao%2FJournal+of+Sichuan+University+of+Science+%26+Engineering+%28Social+Sciences+Edition%29&rft.atitle=Thinking+on+the+Establishment+of+the+Subject+of+the+People%27s+Congress&rft.au=Wang%2C+Qing-xiu&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Qing-xiu&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sichuan+Ligong+Xueyuan+Xuebao%2FJournal+of+Sichuan+University+of+Science+%26+Engineering+%28Social+Sciences+Edition%29&rft.issn=16728580&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - Chinese DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-10 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Legislative Bodies; Marxism ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mineral wealth of Turkey; an overview AN - 742920544; 2010-052338 JF - Journal of Mines, Metals and Fuels AU - Eskikaya, Sinasi AU - Acaroglu, Omur AU - Dubinski, Jozef Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - October 2008 SP - 179 EP - 183 PB - Books and Journals Private, Calcutta VL - 56 IS - 9-10 SN - 0022-2755, 0022-2755 KW - export KW - reserves KW - Turkey KW - import KW - Asia KW - production value KW - mineral resources KW - Middle East KW - 26B:Economic geology, general, economics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/742920544?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Mines%2C+Metals+and+Fuels&rft.atitle=Mineral+wealth+of+Turkey%3B+an+overview&rft.au=Eskikaya%2C+Sinasi%3BAcaroglu%2C+Omur%3BDubinski%2C+Jozef&rft.aulast=Eskikaya&rft.aufirst=Sinasi&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=9-10&rft.spage=179&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Mines%2C+Metals+and+Fuels&rft.issn=00222755&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 21st world mining congress N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 9 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JMMFAM N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; export; import; Middle East; mineral resources; production value; reserves; Turkey ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recent trends in global precious metals mining AN - 742908641; 2010-052337 JF - Journal of Mines, Metals and Fuels AU - Weber, Leopold AU - Dubinski, Jozef Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - October 2008 SP - 166 EP - 178 PB - Books and Journals Private, Calcutta VL - 56 IS - 9-10 SN - 0022-2755, 0022-2755 KW - global KW - rhodium ores KW - cost KW - silver ores KW - iridium ores KW - platinum ores KW - productive capacity KW - mining geology KW - metals KW - metal ores KW - gold ores KW - precious metals KW - palladium ores KW - 27B:Economic geology, economics of ore deposits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/742908641?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Mines%2C+Metals+and+Fuels&rft.atitle=Recent+trends+in+global+precious+metals+mining&rft.au=Weber%2C+Leopold%3BDubinski%2C+Jozef&rft.aulast=Weber&rft.aufirst=Leopold&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=9-10&rft.spage=166&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Mines%2C+Metals+and+Fuels&rft.issn=00222755&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 21st world mining congress N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 18 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JMMFAM N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cost; global; gold ores; iridium ores; metal ores; metals; mining geology; palladium ores; platinum ores; precious metals; productive capacity; rhodium ores; silver ores ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Special issue on 21st world mining congress AN - 742908626; 2010-052336 JF - Journal of Mines, Metals and Fuels AU - Dubinski, Jozef Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - October 2008 SP - 153 EP - 193 PB - Books and Journals Private, Calcutta VL - 56 IS - 9-10 SN - 0022-2755, 0022-2755 KW - environmental management KW - symposia KW - mining geology KW - report KW - global change KW - mineral resources KW - global warming KW - 26A:Economic geology, general, deposits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/742908626?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Mines%2C+Metals+and+Fuels&rft.atitle=Special+issue+on+21st+world+mining+congress&rft.au=Dubinski%2C+Jozef&rft.aulast=Dubinski&rft.aufirst=Jozef&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=9-10&rft.spage=153&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Mines%2C+Metals+and+Fuels&rft.issn=00222755&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 21st world mining congress N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Individual chapters within scope are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JMMFAM N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - environmental management; global change; global warming; mineral resources; mining geology; report; symposia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Role of lipid-derived free radical in bleomycin-induced lung injury in mice: availability for ESR spin trap method with organic phase extraction. AN - 69619429; 18827343 AB - Bleomycin is well known as causative molecule for acute lung injury and interstitial pneumonia. The free radical production from bleomycin is thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury and interstitial pneumonia. However, there was no direct evidence of free radical production in this model. Therefore, we examined in vivo radical production by mice treated with a bleomycin using electron spin resonance with the spin trap, alpha-(4-pyridyl-1-oxide)-N-tert-butylnitrone. Six hours after instillation of bleomycin, the lung exposed to bleomycin gave a lipid-derived free radical adduct, which would support evidence for in vitro lipid peroxidation resulting from bleomycin administration. In the treatment of deferoxamine, chelating agent for iron and other metals, to reduce the bleomycin induced free radical production, parallel to decrease the lipid-derived free radical production by deferoxamine, pathophysiological findings of lung injuries were improved by deferoxamine. In conclusion, this is a first paper of in vivo direct evidence of production of free radical from bleomycin-induced lung injury. It is suggested that this method may be used in many kinds of lung disease models, which have potentials of free radical production to cause lung damage. JF - Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin AU - Sato, Keizo AU - Tashiro, Yasumasa AU - Chibana, Satsuki AU - Yamashita, Akihisa AU - Karakawa, Tomohiro AU - Kohrogi, Hirotsugu AD - Divisions of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan. keizokun@gpo.kumamoto-u.ac.jp Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - October 2008 SP - 1855 EP - 1859 VL - 31 IS - 10 SN - 0918-6158, 0918-6158 KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents KW - 0 KW - Antidotes KW - Free Radicals KW - Pyridines KW - Spin Labels KW - alpha-(4-pyridyl-1-oxide)-N-tert-butylnitrone KW - Bleomycin KW - 11056-06-7 KW - Deferoxamine KW - J06Y7MXW4D KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Pyridines -- chemistry KW - Spin Trapping KW - Deferoxamine -- pharmacology KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Mice KW - Antidotes -- pharmacology KW - Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid -- cytology KW - Male KW - Lung Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Lipid Metabolism -- drug effects KW - Lung Diseases -- metabolism KW - Bleomycin -- toxicity KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents -- toxicity KW - Free Radicals -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/69619429?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biological+%26+pharmaceutical+bulletin&rft.atitle=Role+of+lipid-derived+free+radical+in+bleomycin-induced+lung+injury+in+mice%3A+availability+for+ESR+spin+trap+method+with+organic+phase+extraction.&rft.au=Sato%2C+Keizo%3BTashiro%2C+Yasumasa%3BChibana%2C+Satsuki%3BYamashita%2C+Akihisa%3BKarakawa%2C+Tomohiro%3BKohrogi%2C+Hirotsugu&rft.aulast=Sato&rft.aufirst=Keizo&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1855&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biological+%26+pharmaceutical+bulletin&rft.issn=09186158&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2008-11-17 N1 - Date created - 2008-10-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Erasing pleasure from public discourse on illicit drugs: on the creation and reproduction of an absence. AN - 69584096; 17728122 AB - In 1988, sociologist Stephen Mugford argued that the dominant framework in the drugs field was the 'pathology paradigm' and that, as a consequence, considerations of 'pleasure' in relation to drug use were marginalised. As Mugford noted, an understanding of the subjective motives for drug use, including pleasure, is an essential part of any coherent response. Twenty years on, it appears that little has changed. In this paper, I consider some of the processes that may have contributed to the ongoing absence of discourses of pleasure in the drugs field. The paper is divided into three sections. In the first, following Bourdieu, I focus on drug research as a 'social field', arguing that power relations between research disciplines work against considerations of pleasure, and that researching pleasure does not generate useful forms of research capital. Second, I argue that harm reduction policy and practice, in its construction of a neo-liberal drug-using subject, limits opportunities for considering the role of pleasure in drug use. The final section explores the broader historical and contemporary context for drug research, policy and practice by considering the discursive formations that contribute to the legitimacy granted to particular forms of pleasure in the privileging of a 'civilised' body over a 'grotesque' body. JF - The International journal on drug policy AU - Moore, David AD - National Drug Research Institute, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth WA 6845, Australia. D.Moore@curtin.edu.au Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - October 2008 SP - 353 EP - 358 VL - 19 IS - 5 KW - Index Medicus KW - Public Health KW - Politics KW - Humans KW - Sociology, Medical KW - Decision Making KW - Harm Reduction KW - Public Policy KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- psychology KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- prevention & control KW - Pleasure-Pain Principle UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/69584096?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+International+journal+on+drug+policy&rft.atitle=Erasing+pleasure+from+public+discourse+on+illicit+drugs%3A+on+the+creation+and+reproduction+of+an+absence.&rft.au=Moore%2C+David&rft.aulast=Moore&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=353&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+International+journal+on+drug+policy&rft.issn=1873-4758&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2008-11-18 N1 - Date created - 2008-09-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Big and Little Brother Bilateralism: Security, Prosperity, and Canada's Deal with Colombia AN - 61751000; 200919547 AB - Examines Canada's controversial bilateral trade negotiations with Colombia, a country with an abysmal human rights record & a long history of assassinating trade unionists. Canada's actions are explained in terms of a "big brother-little brother" alliance with the US under the George W. Bush administration, which sought to institutionalize North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) & investment regimes through bilateral deals with right-wing governments in the northern hemisphere. Prime Minister Stephen Harper's administration also actively worked to squelch opposition to Bush's foreign policy & worked internationally to secure US strategic alliances on trade, investment, & security. The extent to which popular forces in Canada -- particularly the labor & left-wing movements -- can challenge this new conservatism & create an alternative approach to bilateral trade, investment, & economic development is explored. K. Hyatt Stewart JF - Studies in Political Economy AU - Healy, Teresa AU - Katz, Sheila AD - Canadian Labour Congress, Ottawa, Ontario Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - October 2008 SP - 35 EP - 60 PB - Carleton University, Ottawa Canada IS - 82 SN - 0707-8552, 0707-8552 KW - Security KW - International Cooperation KW - Canada KW - Wealth KW - Colombia KW - article KW - 0911: political sociology/interactions; interactions between societies, nations, & states UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61751000?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Studies+in+Political+Economy&rft.atitle=Big+and+Little+Brother+Bilateralism%3A+Security%2C+Prosperity%2C+and+Canada%27s+Deal+with+Colombia&rft.au=Healy%2C+Teresa%3BKatz%2C+Sheila&rft.aulast=Healy&rft.aufirst=Teresa&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=82&rft.spage=35&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Studies+in+Political+Economy&rft.issn=07078552&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-04 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - SPLEDZ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Canada; Colombia; Security; Wealth; International Cooperation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Materialism on the March: From conspicuous leisure to conspicuous consumption? AN - 61720276; 200907904 AB - This paper inserts Veblen's [Veblen, T., 1898, The Theory of the Leisure Class. The Viking Press, New York] concepts of conspicuous leisure and conspicuous consumption into a very simple model. Individuals have the choice to either invest their time into working, leading to easily observable levels of consumption, or into conspicuous leisure, whose effect on utility depends on how observable leisure is. We let the visibility of leisure depend positively on the amount of time an individual and her neighbors have lived in the same area. Individuals optimize across conspicuous leisure and conspicuous consumption. If population turnover is high, individuals are made worse off, since the visibility of conspicuous leisure then decreases and the status race must be played out primarily via conspicuous consumption. Analyzing interstate mobility in the US, we find strong support for our hypothesis: a 1percentage point rise in population turnover increases the average work week of non-migrants by 7 min. We end with discussing the pros and cons of mobility taxes to offset the negative externality of population turnover on the visibility of conspicuous leisure. [Copyright 2008 Elsevier Inc.] JF - The Journal of Socio-Economics AU - Frijters, Paul AU - Leigh, Andrew AD - Queensland University of Technology, School of Economics and Finance, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - October 2008 SP - 1937 EP - 1945 PB - Elsevier Science, Amsterdam The Netherlands VL - 37 IS - 5 SN - 1053-5357, 1053-5357 KW - Conspicuous consumption Conspicuous leisure Materialism Labor supply Mobility Status KW - Materialism KW - Consumerism KW - Leisure KW - Social Class KW - Labor Market KW - Social Status KW - article KW - 0749: social change and economic development; market structures & consumer behavior UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61720276?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Socio-Economics&rft.atitle=Materialism+on+the+March%3A+From+conspicuous+leisure+to+conspicuous+consumption%3F&rft.au=Frijters%2C+Paul%3BLeigh%2C+Andrew&rft.aulast=Frijters&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1937&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+Socio-Economics&rft.issn=10535357&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.socec.2008.07.004 LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-03 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - JSECFK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Consumerism; Social Class; Materialism; Labor Market; Leisure; Social Status DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.socec.2008.07.004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - "Class Before Race": British Communism and the Place of Empire in Postwar Race Relations AN - 61712040; 200904686 AB - The Communist Party of Great Britain, as the largest organization to the left of the Labour Party and an influential body within the trade union movement, occupied an important position in the anti-racist and anti-colonial movements in Britain from the 1920s until the 1970s. As black immigration from the Commonwealth flowed into Britain between the late 1940s and early 1960s, the CPGB was involved in campaigns against racism and for colonial independence. However it continually encountered the difficult task of situating its anti-racist activities within the wider class struggle. At the same time, the Party's traditional Marxist understanding of the issues of racism and colonialism were altered significantly by the decolonization process and the rise of new social movements. The CPGB viewed the issues of "race" and racism, within a Marxist framework, and this had implications for the practical issues in the struggle against racism. At the core of this problem was overcoming the traditional view on the white left of black workers as still "colonials" or "outsiders," whose problems had been subsumed within the wider class struggle. Adapted from the source document. JF - Science & Society AU - Smith, Evan AD - Department of History, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide SA 5001, Australia evan.smith@flinders.edu.au Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - October 2008 SP - 455 EP - 481 PB - Guilford Press, New York NY VL - 72 IS - 4 SN - 0036-8237, 0036-8237 KW - Communism KW - Social Class KW - Decolonization KW - Racial Relations KW - Great Britain KW - article KW - 1019: social differentiation; social stratification/mobility UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61712040?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+%26+Society&rft.atitle=%22Class+Before+Race%22%3A+British+Communism+and+the+Place+of+Empire+in+Postwar+Race+Relations&rft.au=Smith%2C+Evan&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Evan&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=455&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+%26+Society&rft.issn=00368237&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-03 N1 - Number of references - 84 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - SSOCBT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Communism; Great Britain; Social Class; Racial Relations; Decolonization ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Intrafamilial adolescent sex offenders: Family functioning and treatment AN - 61436447; 200902000 AB - This paper examines the families of intra familial adolescent sex offenders attending a community-based treatment program. Qualitative and quantitative data were used to measure family functioning before and after 12 months of treatment. Families were characterised as disorganised, uncommunicative and adversarial. Most of the young offenders, many of whom were themselves victims of abuse, came from step, blended or foster families. Seventy-four percent had no, or minimal, contact with at least one biological parent. Conflicts between family members were rarely resolved satisfactorily. After treatment, interviewees reported better family communication and fewer conflicts; there were also significant improvements on a measure of family functioning. Adolescents and their parents reported improvements in self-control, social skills and emotional regulation. Improvements were more likely when at least one parent was engaged in treatment. These findings emphasise the need for treatment to target parents as well as the adolescent offender when intrafamilial sexual abuse occurs. Adapted from the source document. JF - Journal of Family Studies AU - Thornton, Jennifer A AU - Stevens, Gillan AU - Grant, Jan AU - Indermaur, David AU - Chamarette, Christabel AU - Halse, Andrea AD - School of Psychology, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, 6845, Western Australia Tel: +61 8 9266 7087 Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - October 2008 SP - 362 EP - 375 PB - La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia VL - 14 IS - 2-3 SN - 1322-9400, 1322-9400 KW - intrafamilial adolescent sex offenders, intrafamilial sex abuse, family functioning, parenting skills, family violence, family treatment KW - Sex Offenders KW - Treatment Programs KW - Family Therapy KW - Family Violence KW - Juvenile Offenders KW - Adolescents KW - Child Sexual Abuse KW - article KW - 6146: crime & corrections UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61436447?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocialservices&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Family+Studies&rft.atitle=Intrafamilial+adolescent+sex+offenders%3A+Family+functioning+and+treatment&rft.au=Thornton%2C+Jennifer+A%3BStevens%2C+Gillan%3BGrant%2C+Jan%3BIndermaur%2C+David%3BChamarette%2C+Christabel%3BHalse%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Thornton&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=362&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Family+Studies&rft.issn=13229400&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Social Services Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-03 N1 - Number of references - 53 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - JFSTFG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sex Offenders; Juvenile Offenders; Family Violence; Adolescents; Child Sexual Abuse; Family Therapy; Treatment Programs ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Practice with Children and Their Families: A Specialty of Clinical Social Work AN - 61429385; 200901216 AB - Provides an exposition of the nature of practice in the area of practice with children. JF - Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal AU - Cunningham, Joyce M AU - Booth, Robert A, Jr AD - Center for Clinical Social Work, Shetland Park, 27 Congress Street #501, Salem, MA 01970, USA Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - October 2008 SP - 347 EP - 365 PB - Springer, Dordrecht, The Netherlands VL - 25 IS - 5 SN - 0738-0151, 0738-0151 KW - Child Welfare Services KW - Family KW - Children KW - Social Work KW - article KW - 6143: child & family welfare UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61429385?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocialservices&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Child+and+Adolescent+Social+Work+Journal&rft.atitle=Practice+with+Children+and+Their+Families%3A+A+Specialty+of+Clinical+Social+Work&rft.au=Cunningham%2C+Joyce+M%3BBooth%2C+Robert+A%2C+Jr&rft.aulast=Cunningham&rft.aufirst=Joyce&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=347&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Child+and+Adolescent+Social+Work+Journal&rft.issn=07380151&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10560-008-0133-1 LA - English DB - Social Services Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-21 N1 - Number of references - 43 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - CASWDD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Child Welfare Services; Social Work; Children; Family DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10560-008-0133-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Market Responsiveness versus Political Responsiveness: Change and Conflict in an Australian Government Agency AN - 59845352; 200901650 AB - Considerable attention has recently been given to possible contradictions between public sector reform initiatives aimed at making agencies more responsive to political institutions and publics, and initiatives designed to make them more responsive to markets. This article reports on a study that demonstrates ways in which tensions and conflict can arise within a government agency when the aims of political responsiveness and market responsiveness are pursued simultaneously. The study also shows that conflict arises not only from contradictions between political and market responsiveness, but also from failures in organizational structure and change implementation strategies. Despite this, it is possible that the contradictions between the reforms need not be fatal if integrative structures are adopted and if conditions are created for effective participation and collaboration. [Reprinted by permission of Sage Publications, Ltd., copyright 2008] JF - Public Policy and Administration AU - Waterhouse, Jennifer AU - Ryan, Neal AU - Williams, Trevor AU - Charles, Michael B AD - Queensland University of Technology, GPO Box 2434, 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia j.waterhouse@qut.edu.au Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - October 2008 SP - 351 EP - 372 PB - Sage Publications. London UK VL - 23 IS - 4 SN - 0952-0767, 0952-0767 KW - change management, commercialization, public sector management KW - Public Sector KW - Management KW - Public Sector Private Sector Relations KW - Australia KW - Conflict KW - Markets KW - Political Change KW - article KW - 9263: public policy/administration; public administration/bureaucracy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59845352?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Public+Policy+and+Administration&rft.atitle=Market+Responsiveness+versus+Political+Responsiveness%3A+Change+and+Conflict+in+an+Australian+Government+Agency&rft.au=Waterhouse%2C+Jennifer%3BRyan%2C+Neal%3BWilliams%2C+Trevor%3BCharles%2C+Michael+B&rft.aulast=Waterhouse&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=351&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Public+Policy+and+Administration&rft.issn=09520767&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F0952076708093249 LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-08 N1 - Number of references - 58 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Management; Political Change; Markets; Australia; Public Sector; Conflict; Public Sector Private Sector Relations DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0952076708093249 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Most Important Legislation You've Never Heard Of: Keeping Our Brainpower Advantage AN - 58806763; 2008-255042 AB - Describes the bipartisan-supported America COMPETES Act, signed into law in the US in 2007, arguing that it helps America keep its brainpower advantage so we can keep our jobs from going overseas to China and India and other countries. Adapted from the source document. JF - Tennessee's Business AU - Alexander, Lamar AD - U.S. Senate Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - October 2008 PB - Business and Economic Research Center, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro VL - 18 IS - 1 SN - 0735-1135, 0735-1135 KW - Labor conditions and policy - Employment and labor supply KW - Business and service sector - Business organization and administration KW - Manufacturing and heavy industry - Industrial management, production, and productivity KW - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence KW - United States KW - Brain drain KW - Outsourcing KW - Legislation KW - article UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58806763?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apais&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tennessee%27s+Business&rft.atitle=The+Most+Important+Legislation+You%27ve+Never+Heard+Of%3A+Keeping+Our+Brainpower+Advantage&rft.au=Alexander%2C+Lamar&rft.aulast=Alexander&rft.aufirst=Lamar&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Tennessee%27s+Business&rft.issn=07351135&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://frank.mtsu.edu/~berc/tbizarchives.html LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-21 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - United States; Brain drain; Outsourcing; Legislation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Australia's Resource Use Trajectories AN - 58783939; 2008-254057 AB - Australia's export-oriented large natural resources sectors of agriculture and mining, the ways large-scale services, such as nutrition, water, housing, transport and mobility and energy are organized, and the consumption patterns of Australia's wealthy urban households, create a unique pattern of overall resource use in Australia. In an attempt to contribute to a new environmental information system compatible with economic accounts, we represent Australia's resource use by employing standard biophysical indicators for resource use developed within the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) context. We look at the last 3 decades of resource use and the economic, social, and environmental implications. We also discuss scenarios of future resource use patterns based on a stocks and flows model of the Australian economy. We argue that current extractive economic patterns have contributed to the recent economic boom in Australia but will eventually lead to negative social and environmental outcomes. Although there is currently little evidence of political support for changing the economic focus on export-oriented agriculture and mining industries, there is significant potential for improvements in socio-technological systems and room for more sustainable household consumption. Adapted from the source document. JF - Journal of Industrial Ecology AU - Schandl, Heinz AU - Poldy, Franzi AU - Turner, Graham M AU - Measham, Thomas G AU - Walker, Daniel H AU - Eisenmenger, Nina AD - CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems, GPO Box 284, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia heinz.schandl@csiro.au Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - October 2008 SP - 669 EP - 685 PB - MIT Press, Cambridge MA VL - 12 IS - 5-6 SN - 1088-1980, 1088-1980 KW - Environment and environmental policy - Ecology and environmental policy KW - Economic conditions and policy - Consumers and consumption KW - Agriculture and agricultural policy - Crop management and agricultural production KW - Environment and environmental policy - Mining and mineral resources KW - industrial ecology, indicators, material flow analysis (MFA), natural resources, physical accounting, resource productivity KW - Agriculture KW - Ecology KW - Conservation of resources KW - Natural resources KW - Consumption KW - Australia KW - Mining industry KW - article UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58783939?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apais&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Industrial+Ecology&rft.atitle=Australia%27s+Resource+Use+Trajectories&rft.au=Schandl%2C+Heinz%3BPoldy%2C+Franzi%3BTurner%2C+Graham+M%3BMeasham%2C+Thomas+G%3BWalker%2C+Daniel+H%3BEisenmenger%2C+Nina&rft.aulast=Schandl&rft.aufirst=Heinz&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=5-6&rft.spage=669&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Industrial+Ecology&rft.issn=10881980&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1530-9290.2008.00075.x LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-09 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ecology; Australia; Natural resources; Conservation of resources; Consumption; Agriculture; Mining industry DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1530-9290.2008.00075.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Emperor's New Repository AN - 57703123; 200900459 AB - Looks at three mistakes that must be avoided in building a digital repository. The first mistake to avoid is fetishizing software products or projects. many free software options. If you think you need specialized software to build your repository then the key thing is to get started with a tool that looks like a roughly good fit. The second mistake to avoid is forgetting that those in charge are the repository. As with any other materials in a library, it is ultimately up to those working in the library to set, maintain, and uphold policies for collection development, access, maintenance, and retention. A third mistake that is easy to make is to overthink what a "digital object" might be. Adapted from the source document. JF - Computers in Libraries AU - Chudnov, Daniel AD - Office of Strategic Initiatives at the Library of Congress daniel.chudnov@gmail.com Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - October 2008 SP - 39 EP - 41 PB - Information Today Inc VL - 28 IS - 9 SN - 1041-7915, 1041-7915 KW - Institutional repositories KW - Digitization KW - article KW - 10.01: ELECTRONIC PUBLICATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57703123?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Alisa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computers+in+Libraries&rft.atitle=The+Emperor%27s+New+Repository&rft.au=Chudnov%2C+Daniel&rft.aulast=Chudnov&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computers+in+Libraries&rft.issn=10417915&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Library & Information Science Abstracts (LISA) N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-08 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Institutional repositories; Digitization ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Shape of Things to Come: Gay Men's Satisfaction With Specific Body Parts AN - 57264325; 200900594 AB - Gender Role Strain paradigm proposes that individuals experience negative psychological consequences as a result of gender role discrepancy. Research examining men's body image concerns illustrates that gay men are at increased risk for experiencing body dissatisfaction and its associated consequences. Yet, little research has examined gay men's concerns with specific body parts. Accordingly, the present study explored gay men's satisfaction with their head hair, body hair, height, and penis size, in addition to their body weight and muscularity. Ninety-two gay men completed a questionnaire assessing their satisfaction with each of these body parts. Results revealed that gay men were most dissatisfied with their body hair and muscularity, though dissatisfaction was exhibited for all of the body parts. All body parts were perceived as important to perceptions of one's self as physically attractive, though body weight and muscularity were seen as the most important in this domain. Despite this, gay men did not worry much about the perceived shortcomings of these body parts. It was concluded that gay men's body image concerns are broadly similar to those of heterosexual men. [Copyright 2008 The American Psychological Association.] JF - Psychology of Men & Masculinity AU - Martins, Yolanda AU - Tiggemann, Marika AU - Churchett, Libby AD - School of Psychology, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, South Australia 5001 ymartins@gmail.com Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - October 2008 SP - 248 EP - 256 PB - American Psychological Association, Washington DC VL - 9 IS - 4 SN - 1524-9220, 1524-9220 KW - body satisfaction, body image, men, gay men, sexual orientation KW - Dissatisfaction KW - Body weight KW - Body hair KW - Biological organs KW - Body image KW - Homosexuals KW - article UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57264325?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aassia&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Psychology+of+Men+%26+Masculinity&rft.atitle=The+Shape+of+Things+to+Come%3A+Gay+Men%27s+Satisfaction+With+Specific+Body+Parts&rft.au=Martins%2C+Yolanda%3BTiggemann%2C+Marika%3BChurchett%2C+Libby&rft.aulast=Martins&rft.aufirst=Yolanda&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=248&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Psychology+of+Men+%26+Masculinity&rft.issn=15249220&rft_id=info:doi/10.1037%2Fa0012473 LA - English DB - Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA) N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-08 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Homosexuals; Biological organs; Dissatisfaction; Body hair; Body weight; Body image DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0012473 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An Examination of the Influences on Health-Protective Behaviours among Australian Men AN - 57255094; 200901237 AB - Men are more likely to experience poorer health than women, yet stereotypically they demonstrate a reluctance to engage in appropriate health-protective behaviours, defined in the current study as health monitoring and risk-factor modification. Using 214 participants, aged 25-65, from the general Australian community as subjects, the study explored the influence of four proposed predictors of such behaviours. Participants completed a questionnaire that included measures of health status, masculinity, social support and somatic awareness. Although previous research has identified masculinity as a dominant predictor of men's health-protective behaviours, the current study did not replicate this finding. In contrast, results suggest that men's decisions to engage in appropriate health-protective behaviours are primarily influenced by age and current health status. Evidence for the motivational role of masculinity, social support and somatic awareness was modest, and reserved for more personal and challenging behaviours such as cancer screening checks. Adapted from the source document. JF - International Journal of Men's Health AU - Brown, Lynsey J AU - Bond, Malcolm J AD - School of Medicine, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide SA 5001, Australia Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - October 2008 SP - 274 EP - 287 PB - Men's Studies Press, Harriman, TN VL - 7 IS - 3 SN - 1532-6306, 1532-6306 KW - men, health-protective behaviours, masculinity, somatic awareness, social support, health status KW - Masculinity KW - Social support KW - Men KW - Health status KW - Health behaviour KW - article UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57255094?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aassia&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Men%27s+Health&rft.atitle=An+Examination+of+the+Influences+on+Health-Protective+Behaviours+among+Australian+Men&rft.au=Brown%2C+Lynsey+J%3BBond%2C+Malcolm+J&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Lynsey&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=274&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Men%27s+Health&rft.issn=15326306&rft_id=info:doi/10.3149%2Fjmh.0703.274 LA - English DB - Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA) N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-03 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Men; Masculinity; Health status; Health behaviour; Social support DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3149/jmh.0703.274 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Orlando: Path to Professionalism AN - 215360853 AB - Gaylord talks about the upcoming 2008 REALTORS Conference & Expo in Orlando FL. He urges one to attend the conference for its learning opportunities: two hundred education sessions offering expert advice on succeeding in any market conditions; hands-on technology training; the chance to see and evaluate firs-hand the latest products and services for one's business; and talks by NFL great Joe Theismann and speakers from the acclaimed Disney Institute. Moreover, one of the most important programs during the REALTORS Conference is the quadrennial Code of Ethics training. JF - Realtor Magazine AU - Gaylord, Richard F, CIPS, CRB, CRS, GRI Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - Oct 2008 SP - 4 CY - Chicago PB - National Association of Realtors VL - 41 IS - 10 SN - 15220842 KW - Real Estate KW - Real estate KW - Conferences KW - Professional ethics KW - Training KW - Trade shows KW - Orlando Florida UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/215360853?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aabitrade&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Realtor+Magazine&rft.atitle=Orlando%3A+Path+to+Professionalism&rft.au=Gaylord%2C+Richard+F%2C+CIPS%2C+CRB%2C+CRS%2C+GRI&rft.aulast=Gaylord&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=4&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Realtor+Magazine&rft.issn=15220842&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Central N1 - Name - National Association of Realtors N1 - Copyright - Copyright National Association of Realtors Oct 2008 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-23 N1 - CODEN - RESTDR N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Orlando Florida ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Case-Control Study of Blood Lead Levels and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Chinese Children AN - 21402126; 12103986 AB - BACKGROUND: Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and lead exposure are high-prevalence conditions among children. OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to investigate the association between ADHD and blood lead levels (BLLs) in Chinese children, adjusting for known ADHD risk factors and potential confounding variables. METHODS: We conducted a pair-matching case-control study with 630 ADHD cases and 630 non-ADHD controls 4-12 years of age, matched on the same age, sex, and socioeconomic status. The case and control children were systematically evaluated via structured diagnostic interviews, including caregiver interviews, based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th ed., revised criteria (DSM-IV-R). We evaluated the association between BLLs and ADHD using the Pearson chi-square test for categorical variables and the Student t-test for continuous data. We then performed conditional multiple variables logistic regression analyses with backward stepwise selection to predict risk factors for ADHD. RESULTS: There was a significant difference in BLLs between ADHD cases and controls. ADHD cases were more likely to have been exposed to lead during childhood than the non-ADHD control subjects, with adjustment for other known risk factors [children with BLLs or= 10 microg/dL vs. or= 5 microg/dL; OR = 6.0; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 4.10-8.77, p 0.01; 5-10 microg/dL vs.or= 5 microg/dL, OR = 4.9; 95% CI = 3.47-6.98, p 0.01]. These results were not modified by age and sex variables. CONCLUSIONS: This was the largest sample size case-control study to date to study the association between BLLs and ADHD in Chinese children. ADHD may be an additional deleterious outcome of lead exposure during childhood, even when BLLs are 10 microg/dL. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Wang, Hui-Li AU - Chen, Xiang-Tao AU - Yang, Bin AU - Ma, Fang-Li AU - Wang, Shu AU - Tang, Ming-Liang AU - Hao, Ming-Gao AU - Ruan, Di-Yun Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - Oct 2008 SP - 1401 EP - 1406 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Age KW - Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder KW - Socioeconomics KW - Children KW - mental disorders KW - Lead KW - Blood levels KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21402126?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Case-Control+Study+of+Blood+Lead+Levels+and+Attention+Deficit+Hyperactivity+Disorder+in+Chinese+Children&rft.au=Wang%2C+Hui-Li%3BChen%2C+Xiang-Tao%3BYang%2C+Bin%3BMa%2C+Fang-Li%3BWang%2C+Shu%3BTang%2C+Ming-Liang%3BHao%2C+Ming-Gao%3BRuan%2C+Di-Yun&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Hui-Li&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1401&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Age; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Socioeconomics; Children; mental disorders; Lead; Blood levels ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ozone and Other Air Pollutants and the Risk of Oral Clefts AN - 21402059; 12103981 AB - BACKGROUND: Air pollution influences the development of oral clefts in animals. There are few epidemiologic data on the relation of prenatal air pollution exposure and the risk of oral clefts. OBJECTIVES: Our goal in this study was to assess the relations between exposure to ambient air pollution and the risk of cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P). METHODS: We conducted a population-based case-control study of all 653 cases of CL/P and a random sample of 6,530 control subjects from 721,289 Taiwanese newborns in 2001-2003. We used geographic information systems to form exposure parameters for sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, ozone, carbon monoxide, and particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter or= 10 microm (PM10) during the first 3 months of pregnancy using inverse distance weighting method. We present the effect estimates as odds ratios (ORs) per 10-ppb change for SO2, NO(x), and O3, 100-ppb change for CO, and 10-microg/m3 change for PM10. RESULTS: The risk of CL/P was increased in relation to O3 levels in the first gestational month [adjusted OR = 1.20; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.02-1.39] and second gestational month (adjusted OR = 1.25; 95% CI, 1.03-1.52) in the range from 16.7 ppb to 45.1 ppb, but was not related to CO, NO(x), SO2, or PM10. CONCLUSIONS: The study provides new evidence that exposure to outdoor air O3 during the first and second month of pregnancy may increase the risk of CL/P. Similar levels of O3 are encountered globally by large numbers of pregnant women. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Hwang, Bing-Fang AU - Jaakkola, Jouni J K Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - Oct 2008 SP - 1411 EP - 1415 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Remote sensing KW - Pollution effects KW - Particulates KW - Nitrogen oxides KW - Pregnancy KW - Carbon monoxide KW - Air pollution KW - prenatal experience KW - Photochemicals KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - Aerodynamics KW - Geographic information systems KW - Ozone KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21402059?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Ozone+and+Other+Air+Pollutants+and+the+Risk+of+Oral+Clefts&rft.au=Hwang%2C+Bing-Fang%3BJaakkola%2C+Jouni+J+K&rft.aulast=Hwang&rft.aufirst=Bing-Fang&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1411&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Remote sensing; Pollution effects; Particulates; Nitrogen oxides; Pregnancy; Air pollution; Carbon monoxide; prenatal experience; Sulfur dioxide; Photochemicals; Aerodynamics; Geographic information systems; Ozone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exposure of Neonatal Rats to Parathion Elicits Sex-Selective Impairment of Acetylcholine Systems in Brain Regions during Adolescence and Adulthood AN - 21399392; 12103997 AB - BACKGROUND: Organophosphates elicit developmental neurotoxicity through multiple mechanisms other than their shared property as cholinesterase inhibitors. Accordingly, these agents may differ in their effects on specific brain circuits. OBJECTIVES: We gave parathion to neonatal rats [postnatal days (PNDs) 1-4], at daily doses of 0.1 or 0.2 mg/kg, spanning the threshold for barely detectable cholinesterase inhibition and systemic effects. METHODS: We assessed neurochemical indices related to the function of acetylcholine (ACh) synapses (choline acetyltransferase, presynaptic high-affinity choline transporter, nicotinic cholinergic receptors) in brain regions comprising all the major ACh projections, with determinations carried out from adolescence to adulthood (PNDs 30, 60, and 100). RESULTS: Parathion exposure elicited lasting alterations in ACh markers in the frontal/parietal cortex, temporal/occipital cortex, midbrain, hippocampus, and striatum. In cerebrocortical areas, midbrain, and hippocampus, effects in males were generally greater than in females, whereas in the striatum, females were targeted preferentially. Superimposed on this general pattern, the cerebrocortical effects showed a nonmonotonic dose-response relationship, with regression of the defects at the higher parathion dose; this relationship has been seen also after comparable treatments with chlorpyrifos and diazinon and likely represents the involvement of cholinesterase-related actions that mask or offset the effects of lower doses. CONCLUSIONS: Neonatal exposure to parathion, at doses straddling the threshold for cholinesterase inhibition, compromises indices of ACh synaptic function in adolescence and adulthood. Differences between the effects of parathion compared with chlorpyrifos or diazinon and the non-monotonic dose-effect relationships reinforce the conclusion that various organophosphates diverge in their effects on neurodevelopment, unrelated to their anticholinesterase actions. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Slotkin, Theodore A AU - Bodwell, Bethany E AU - Ryde, Ian T AU - Levin, Edward D AU - Seidler, Frederic J Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - Oct 2008 SP - 1308 EP - 1314 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Chlorpyrifos KW - Rats KW - Organophosphates KW - Dose-response effects KW - Brain KW - Neonates KW - Cholinesterase KW - Adolescents KW - Parathion KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21399392?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Exposure+of+Neonatal+Rats+to+Parathion+Elicits+Sex-Selective+Impairment+of+Acetylcholine+Systems+in+Brain+Regions+during+Adolescence+and+Adulthood&rft.au=Slotkin%2C+Theodore+A%3BBodwell%2C+Bethany+E%3BRyde%2C+Ian+T%3BLevin%2C+Edward+D%3BSeidler%2C+Frederic+J&rft.aulast=Slotkin&rft.aufirst=Theodore&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1308&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rats; Chlorpyrifos; Organophosphates; Dose-response effects; Brain; Neonates; Cholinesterase; Adolescents; Parathion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Urinary Cadmium and Osteoporosis in U.S. Women [Greater-Than Or Equal To] 50 Years of Age: NHANES 1988-1994 and 1999-2004 AN - 21399371; 12103909 AB - BACKGROUND: Urinary cadmium (U-Cd) has been associated with decreased peripheral bone mineral density (BMD) and osteoporosis. This association, however, has not been confirmed using femoral BMD, the international standard for diagnosing osteoporosis, at levels 1.0 microg Cd/g creatinine. OBJECTIVES: Our goal was to investigate the statistical association between U-Cd, at levels or= 1 microg/g creatinine, and osteoporosis, as indicated by hip BMD and self-report in a population-based sample of U.S. women or= 50 years of age. METHODS: We drew data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys for 1988-1994 (n = 3,207) and 1999-2004 (n = 1,051). Osteoporosis was indicated by hip BMD cutoffs based on the international standard and self-report of physician diagnosis. We analyzed U-Cd levels for association with osteoporosis using multiple logistic regression. RESULTS: Women or= 50 years of age with U-Cd levels between 0.50 and 1.00 microg/g creatinine were at 43% greater risk for hip-BMD-defined osteoporosis, relative to those with levels or= 0.50 microg/g (odds ratio = 1.43; 95% confidence interval, 1.02-2.00; p = 0.04). We observed similar effect estimates using self-report of physician-diagnosed osteoporosis. Smokers did not show a statistically increased risk. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that U.S. women are at risk for osteoporosis at U-Cd levels below the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration's 3-microg/g safety standard. Given null findings among smokers, dietary Cd, rather than tobacco, is the likely source of Cd-related osteoporosis risk for the U.S. female population or= 50 years of age. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Gallagher, Carolyn M AU - Kovach, John S AU - Meliker, Jaymie R Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - Oct 2008 SP - 1338 EP - 1343 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Diets KW - USA KW - Age KW - osteoporosis KW - Urine KW - Tobacco KW - Females KW - Nutrition KW - bone mineral density KW - International standardization KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21399371?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Urinary+Cadmium+and+Osteoporosis+in+U.S.+Women+%5BGreater-Than+Or+Equal+To%5D+50+Years+of+Age%3A+NHANES+1988-1994+and+1999-2004&rft.au=Gallagher%2C+Carolyn+M%3BKovach%2C+John+S%3BMeliker%2C+Jaymie+R&rft.aulast=Gallagher&rft.aufirst=Carolyn&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1338&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diets; Age; osteoporosis; Urine; Tobacco; Females; bone mineral density; Nutrition; International standardization; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prenatal Exposure to Perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and Perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and Maternally Reported Developmental Milestones in Infancy AN - 21398794; 12103985 AB - BACKGROUND: Perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) are fluorinated organic compounds present in the general population at low concentrations. Animal studies have shown that they may affect neuromuscular development at high concentrations. OBJECTIVES: We investigated the association between plasma levels of PFOS and PFOA in pregnant women and motor and mental developmental milestones of their children. METHODS: We randomly selected 1,400 pairs of pregnant women and their children from the Danish National Birth Cohort. PFOS and PFOA were measured in maternal blood samples taken in early pregnancy. Apgar score was abstracted from the National Hospital Discharge Register in Denmark. Developmental milestones were reported by mothers using highly structured questionnaires when the children were around 6 months and 18 months of age. RESULTS: Mothers who had higher levels of PFOA and PFOS gave birth to children who had similar Apgar scores and reached virtually all of the development milestones at the same time as children born to mothers with lower exposure levels. Children who were born to mothers with higher PFOS levels were slightly more likely to start sitting without support at a later age. CONCLUSION: We found no convincing associations between developmental milestones in early childhood and levels of PFOA or PFOS as measured in maternal plasma early in pregnancy. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Fei, Chunyuan AU - McLaughlin, Joseph K AU - Lipworth, Loren AU - Olsen, Joern Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - Oct 2008 SP - 1391 EP - 1395 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Age KW - prenatal experience KW - Denmark KW - Children KW - Pregnancy KW - Hospitals KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21398794?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Prenatal+Exposure+to+Perfluorooctanoate+%28PFOA%29+and+Perfluorooctanesulfonate+%28PFOS%29+and+Maternally+Reported+Developmental+Milestones+in+Infancy&rft.au=Fei%2C+Chunyuan%3BMcLaughlin%2C+Joseph+K%3BLipworth%2C+Loren%3BOlsen%2C+Joern&rft.aulast=Fei&rft.aufirst=Chunyuan&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1391&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - prenatal experience; Age; Children; Hospitals; Pregnancy; Denmark ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydroxylated Metabolites of the Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether Mixture DE-71 Are Weak Estrogen Receptor-[alpha] Ligands AN - 21398766; 12103910 AB - BACKGROUND: Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are widely found in the environment and are suspected endocrine disruptors. We previously identified six hydroxylated metabolites of PBDE (OH-PBDEs) in treated mice. OBJECTIVE: We tested the hypothesis that OH-PBDEs would interact with and alter activity of estrogen receptor-alpha (ER-alpha). METHODS: We tested estrogenicity using two assays: 3H-estradiol (3H-E2) displacement from recombinant ER-alpha and induction of reporter gene (ERE-luciferase) in cultured cells. We incubated the PBDE mixture DE-71 with rat liver microsomes and tested the resultant metabolite mixture for estrogenic activity. We also determined relative estrogenic potential of individual hydroxylated PBDE congeners. RESULTS: Reporter gene activity was increased by DE-71 that had been subjected to microsomal metabolism. DE-71 did not displace E2 from ER-alpha, but all six of the OH-PBDE metabolites did. para-Hydroxylated metabolites displayed a 10- to 30-fold higher affinity for ER-alpha compared with ortho-hydroxylated PBDEs, and one produced a maximal effect 30% higher than that produced by E2. Coadministration of E2 and DE-71, or certain of its metabolites, yielded reporter activity greater than either chemical alone. Two ortho-OH-PBDEs were antiestrogenic in the reporter assay. CONCLUSIONS: The observations--that the DE-71 mixture did not displace 3H-E2 from ER-alpha while the hydroxylated metabolites did-suggest that the weak estrogenic effects of DE-71 are due to metabolic activation of individual congeners. However, the behavior of DE-71 and its metabolites, when co-administered with E2, suggest a secondary, undetermined mechanism from classical ER-alpha activation. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Mercado-Feliciano, Minerva AU - Bigsby, Robert M Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - Oct 2008 SP - 1315 EP - 1321 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Polybrominated diphenyl ethers KW - polybrominated diphenyl ethers KW - endocrine disruptors KW - Liver KW - Metabolites KW - Mice KW - Metabolism KW - estrogens KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21398766?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Hydroxylated+Metabolites+of+the+Polybrominated+Diphenyl+Ether+Mixture+DE-71+Are+Weak+Estrogen+Receptor-%5Balpha%5D+Ligands&rft.au=Mercado-Feliciano%2C+Minerva%3BBigsby%2C+Robert+M&rft.aulast=Mercado-Feliciano&rft.aufirst=Minerva&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1315&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Polybrominated diphenyl ethers; polybrominated diphenyl ethers; endocrine disruptors; Liver; Mice; Metabolites; Metabolism; estrogens ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Respiratory and Other Health Effects Reported in Children Exposed to the World Trade Center Disaster of 11 September 2001 AN - 21395955; 12103984 AB - BACKGROUND: Effects of the World Trade Center (WTC) disaster on children's respiratory health have not been definitively established. OBJECTIVE: This report describes respiratory health findings among children who were 18 years of age on 11 September 2001 (9/11) and examine associations between disaster-related exposures and respiratory health. METHODS: Children recruited for the WTC Health Registry (WTCHR) included child residents and students (kindergarten through 12th grade) in Manhattan south of Canal Street, children who were south of Chambers Street on 9/11, and adolescent disaster-related workers or volunteers. We collected data via computer-assisted telephone interviews in 2003-2004, with interview by adult proxy for children still 18 years of age at that time. We compared age-specific asthma prevalence with National Health Interview Survey estimates. RESULTS: Among 3,184 children enrolled, 28% were 5 years of age on 9/11; 34%, 5-11 years; and 39%, 12-17 years. Forty-five percent had a report of dust cloud exposure on 9/11. Half (53%) reported at least one new or worsened respiratory symptom, and 5.7% reported new asthma diagnoses. Before 9/11, age-specific asthma prevalence in enrolled children was similar to national estimates, but prevalence at interview was elevated among enrollees 5 years of age. Dust cloud exposure was associated with new asthma diagnosis (adjusted odds ratio = 2.3; 95% confidence interval, 1.5-3.5). CONCLUSIONS: Asthma prevalence after 9/11 among WTCHR enrollees 5 years of age was higher than national estimates, and new asthma diagnosis was associated with dust cloud exposure in all age groups. We will determine severity of asthma and persistence of other respiratory symptoms on follow-up surveys. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Thomas, Pauline A AU - Brackbill, Robert AU - Thalji, Lisa AU - DiGrande, Laura AU - Campolucci, Sharon AU - Thorpe, Lorna AU - Henning, Kelly Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - Oct 2008 SP - 1383 EP - 1390 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Canals KW - Age KW - dust clouds KW - USA, New York, Manhattan KW - Disasters KW - Asthma KW - Respiratory diseases KW - Children KW - Occupational exposure KW - Adolescents KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21395955?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Respiratory+and+Other+Health+Effects+Reported+in+Children+Exposed+to+the+World+Trade+Center+Disaster+of+11+September+2001&rft.au=Thomas%2C+Pauline+A%3BBrackbill%2C+Robert%3BThalji%2C+Lisa%3BDiGrande%2C+Laura%3BCampolucci%2C+Sharon%3BThorpe%2C+Lorna%3BHenning%2C+Kelly&rft.aulast=Thomas&rft.aufirst=Pauline&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1383&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Canals; Age; dust clouds; Disasters; Asthma; Respiratory diseases; Children; Adolescents; Occupational exposure; USA, New York, Manhattan ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lead Exposures in U.S. Children, 2008: Implications for Prevention AN - 21395511; 12104000 AB - OBJECTIVE: We reviewed the sources of lead in the environments of U.S. children, contributions to children's blood lead levels, source elimination and control efforts, and existing federal authorities. Our context is the U.S. public health goal to eliminate pediatric elevated blood lead levels (EBLs) by 2010. DATA SOURCES: National, state, and local exposure assessments over the past half century have identified risk factors for EBLs among U.S. children, including age, race, income, age and location of housing, parental occupation, and season. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: Recent national policies have greatly reduced lead exposure among U.S. children, but even very low exposure levels compromise children's later intellectual development and lifetime achievement. No threshold for these effects has been demonstrated. Although lead paint and dust may still account for up to 70% of EBLs in U.S. children, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that or=30% of current EBLs do not have an immediate lead paint source, and numerous studies indicate that lead exposures result from multiple sources. EBLs and even deaths have been associated with inadequately controlled sources including ethnic remedies and goods, consumer products, and food-related items such as ceramics. Lead in public drinking water and in older urban centers remain exposure sources in many areas. CONCLUSIONS: Achieving the 2010 goal requires maintaining current efforts, especially programs addressing lead paint, while developing interventions that prevent exposure before children are poisoned. It also requires active collaboration across all levels of government to identify and control all potential sources of lead exposure, as well as primary prevention. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Levin, Ronnie AU - Brown, Mary Jean AU - Kashtock, Michael E AU - Jacobs, David E AU - Whelan, Elizabeth A AU - Rodman, Joanne AU - Schock, Michael R AU - Padilla, Alma AU - Sinks, Thomas Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - Oct 2008 SP - 1285 EP - 1293 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - USA KW - Age KW - Consumer products KW - prevention KW - Children KW - disease control KW - Lead KW - Paints KW - Blood levels KW - Urban areas KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21395511?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Lead+Exposures+in+U.S.+Children%2C+2008%3A+Implications+for+Prevention&rft.au=Levin%2C+Ronnie%3BBrown%2C+Mary+Jean%3BKashtock%2C+Michael+E%3BJacobs%2C+David+E%3BWhelan%2C+Elizabeth+A%3BRodman%2C+Joanne%3BSchock%2C+Michael+R%3BPadilla%2C+Alma%3BSinks%2C+Thomas&rft.aulast=Levin&rft.aufirst=Ronnie&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1285&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Age; Consumer products; prevention; disease control; Children; Lead; Urban areas; Blood levels; Paints; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Marked Liver Tumorigenesis by Helicobacter hepaticus Requires Perinatal Exposure AN - 21395470; 12103992 AB - BACKGROUND: Although severe hepatitis and liver tumors occur in a high percentage of A/J male mice naturally infected with Helicobacter hepaticus, these effects have not been observed after injection of adult mice with the bacteria. OBJECTIVES: We tested the hypothesis that perinatal exposure to the bacteria is required for liver tumorigenesis. METHODS: A/J female mice were infected by intragastric (ig) or intraperitoneal (ip) treatment with 1.5 x 10(8) H. hepaticus before pregnancy. We examined offspring at progressive time intervals, including some kept until natural death in old age. A/J, BALB/c, and C57BL/6 weanling male mice were similarly treated ig with the bacteria and observed for up to 2 years. RESULTS: After ip bacterial infection of A/J females, 41% of their male offspring developed hepatitis and 33% had hepatocellular tumors, including 18% with hepatocellular carcinoma. Treatment by the ig route resulted in a similar incidence of hepatitis in offspring (35%) but fewer total liver tumors (8%) and carcinomas (4%). By contrast, ig instillation of H. hepaticus in weanling A/J, C57BL/6, or BALB/c mice resulted in low incidence of hepatitis (0-20%) and few liver tumors, despite presence of bacteria confirmed in feces. CONCLUSIONS: Results indicate that a high incidence of liver tumors in mice infected with H. hepaticus requires perinatal exposure. Contributing perinatal factors could include known high sensitivity of neonatal liver to tumor initiation, and/or modulation of immune response to the bacterium or its toxins. Mechanisms of human perinatal sensitivity to such phenomena can be studied with this model. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Diwan, Bhalchandra A AU - Sipowicz, Marek AU - Logsdon, Daniel AU - Gorelick, Peter AU - Anver, Miriam R AU - Kasprzak, Kazimierz S AU - Anderson, Lucy M Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - Oct 2008 SP - 1352 EP - 1356 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Hepatitis KW - Sensitivity KW - Mortality KW - Fecal coliforms KW - Helicobacter hepaticus KW - Liver KW - tumors KW - Mice KW - Neonates KW - offspring KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21395470?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Marked+Liver+Tumorigenesis+by+Helicobacter+hepaticus+Requires+Perinatal+Exposure&rft.au=Diwan%2C+Bhalchandra+A%3BSipowicz%2C+Marek%3BLogsdon%2C+Daniel%3BGorelick%2C+Peter%3BAnver%2C+Miriam+R%3BKasprzak%2C+Kazimierz+S%3BAnderson%2C+Lucy+M&rft.aulast=Diwan&rft.aufirst=Bhalchandra&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1352&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hepatitis; Mortality; Sensitivity; Fecal coliforms; Liver; Mice; tumors; Neonates; offspring; Helicobacter hepaticus ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Margin-of-Exposure Approach to Assessment of Noncancer Risks of Dioxins Based on Human Exposure and Response Data AN - 21388185; 12103993 AB - BACKGROUND: Risk assessment of human environmental exposure to polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/PCDFs) and other dioxin-like compounds is complicated by several factors, including limitations in measuring intakes because of the low concentrations of these compounds in foods and the environment and interspecies differences in pharmacokinetics and responses. OBJECTIVES: We examined the feasibility of relying directly on human studies of exposure and potential responses to PCDD/PCDFs and related compounds in terms of measured lipid-adjusted concentrations to assess margin of exposure (MOE) in a quantitative, benchmark dose (BMD)-based framework using representative exposure and selected response data sets. METHODS: We characterize estimated central tendency and upper-bound general U.S. population lipid-adjusted concentrations of PCDD/PCDFs from the 1970s and early 2000s based on available data sets. Estimates of benchmark concentrations for three example responses of interest (induction of cytochrome P4501A2 activity, dental anomalies, and neonatal thyroid hormone alterations) were derived based on selected human studies. RESULTS: The exposure data sets indicate that current serum lipid concentrations in young adults are approximately 6- to 7-fold lower than 1970s-era concentrations. Estimated MOEs for each end point based on current serum lipid concentrations range from 10 for neonatal thyroid hormone concentrations to 100 for dental anomalies-approximately 6-fold greater than would have existed during the 1970s. CONCLUSIONS: Human studies of dioxin exposure and outcomes can be used in a BMD framework for quantitative assessments of MOE. Incomplete exposure characterization can complicate the use of such studies in a BMD framework. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Aylward, Lesa L AU - Goodman, Julie E AU - Charnley, Gail AU - Rhomberg, Lorenz R Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - Oct 2008 SP - 1344 EP - 1351 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - USA KW - benchmarks KW - Lipids KW - PCDF KW - Thyroid KW - Neonates KW - young adults KW - Hormones KW - PCDD KW - Dioxins KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21388185?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=A+Margin-of-Exposure+Approach+to+Assessment+of+Noncancer+Risks+of+Dioxins+Based+on+Human+Exposure+and+Response+Data&rft.au=Aylward%2C+Lesa+L%3BGoodman%2C+Julie+E%3BCharnley%2C+Gail%3BRhomberg%2C+Lorenz+R&rft.aulast=Aylward&rft.aufirst=Lesa&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1344&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - benchmarks; Lipids; Thyroid; PCDF; Neonates; young adults; Hormones; Dioxins; PCDD; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impairment of NO-Dependent Relaxation in Intralobar Pulmonary Arteries: Comparison of Urban Particulate Matter and Manufactured Nanoparticles AN - 21385309; 12103998 AB - BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Because pulmonary circulation is the primary vascular target of inhaled particulate matter (PM), and nitric oxide is a major vasculoprotective agent, in this study we investigated the effect of various particles on the NO-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) pathway in pulmonary arteries. METHODS: We used intrapulmonary arteries and/or endothelial cells, either exposed in vitro to particles or removed from PM-instilled animals for assessment of vasomotricity, cGMP and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and cytokine/chemokine release. RESULTS: Endothelial NO-dependent relaxation and cGMP accumulation induced by acetylcholine (ACh) were both decreased after 24 hr exposure of rat intrapulmonary arteries to standard reference material 1648 (SRM1648; urban PM). Relaxation due to NO donors was also decreased by SRM1648, whereas responsiveness to cGMP analogue remained unaffected. Unlike SRM1648, ultrafine carbon black and ultrafine and fine titanium dioxide (TiO2) manufactured particles did not impair NO-mediated relaxation. SRM1648-induced decrease in relaxation response to ACh was prevented by dexamethasone (an anti-inflammatory agent) but not by antioxidants. Accordingly, SRM1648 increased the release of proinflammatory mediators (tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-8) from intrapulmonary arteries or pulmonary artery endothelial cells, but did not elevate ROS levels within intrapulmonary arteries. Decreased relaxation in response to ACh was also evidenced in intrapulmonary arteries removed from rats intratracheally instilled with SRM1648, but not with fine TiO2. CONCLUSION: In contrast to manufactured particles (including nanoparticles), urban PM impairs NO but not cGMP responsiveness in intrapulmonary arteries. We attribute this effect to oxidative-stress-independent inflammatory response, resulting in decreased guanylyl cyclase activation by NO. Such impairment of the NO pathway may contribute to urban-PM-induced cardiovascular dysfunction. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Courtois, Arnaud AU - Andujar, Pascal AU - Ladeiro, Yannick AU - Baudrimont, Isabelle AU - Delannoy, Estelle AU - Leblais, Veronique AU - Begueret, Hugues AU - Galland, Marie Annick Billon AU - Brochard, Patrick AU - Marano, Francelyne AU - Marthan, Roger AU - Muller, Bernard Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - Oct 2008 SP - 1294 EP - 1299 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Rats KW - Oxygen KW - Antioxidants KW - black carbon KW - titanium dioxide KW - tumors KW - Nitric oxide KW - Particulates KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21385309?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Impairment+of+NO-Dependent+Relaxation+in+Intralobar+Pulmonary+Arteries%3A+Comparison+of+Urban+Particulate+Matter+and+Manufactured+Nanoparticles&rft.au=Courtois%2C+Arnaud%3BAndujar%2C+Pascal%3BLadeiro%2C+Yannick%3BBaudrimont%2C+Isabelle%3BDelannoy%2C+Estelle%3BLeblais%2C+Veronique%3BBegueret%2C+Hugues%3BGalland%2C+Marie+Annick+Billon%3BBrochard%2C+Patrick%3BMarano%2C+Francelyne%3BMarthan%2C+Roger%3BMuller%2C+Bernard&rft.aulast=Courtois&rft.aufirst=Arnaud&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1294&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rats; Oxygen; Antioxidants; black carbon; titanium dioxide; Nitric oxide; tumors; Particulates ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Association between Traffic-Related Black Carbon Exposure and Lung Function among Urban Women AN - 21385263; 12103994 AB - BACKGROUND: Although a number of studies have documented the relationship between lung function and traffic-related pollution among children, few have focused on adult lung function or examined community-based populations. OBJECTIVE: We examined the relationship between black carbon (BC), a surrogate of traffic-related particles, and lung function among women in the Maternal-Infant Smoking Study of East Boston, an urban cohort in Boston, Massachusetts. METHODS: We estimated local BC levels using a validated spatiotemporal land-use regression model, derived using ambient and indoor monitor data. We examined associations between percent predicted pulmonary function and predicted BC using linear regression, adjusting for sociodemographics (individual and neighborhood levels), smoking status, occupational exposure, type of cooking fuel, and a diagnosis of asthma or chronic bronchitis. RESULTS: The sample of 272 women 18-42 years of age included 57% who self-identified as Hispanic versus 43% white, and 18% who were current smokers. Mean +/- SD predicted annual BC exposure level was 0.62 +/- 0.2 microg/m3. In adjusted analysis, BC (per interquartile range increase) was associated with a 1.1% decrease [95% confidence interval (CI), -2.5% to 0.3%] in forced expiratory volume in 1 sec, a 0.6% decrease (95% CI, -1.9% to 0.6%) in forced vital capacity, and a 3.0% decrease (95% CI, -5.8% to -0.2%) in forced mid-expiratory flow rate. We noted differential effects by smoking status in that former smokers were most affected by BC exposure, whereas current smokers were not affected. CONCLUSION: In this cohort, exposure to traffic-related BC, a component of particulate matter, independently predicted decreased lung function in urban women, when adjusting for tobacco smoke, asthma diagnosis, and socioeconomic status. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Suglia, Shakira Franco AU - Gryparis, Alexandros AU - Schwartz, Joel AU - Wright, Rosalind J Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - Oct 2008 SP - 1333 EP - 1337 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - USA, Massachusetts, Boston KW - Smoke KW - Smoking KW - black carbon KW - Asthma KW - Respiratory function KW - Particulates KW - Respiratory diseases KW - Children KW - community involvement KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21385263?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Association+between+Traffic-Related+Black+Carbon+Exposure+and+Lung+Function+among+Urban+Women&rft.au=Suglia%2C+Shakira+Franco%3BGryparis%2C+Alexandros%3BSchwartz%2C+Joel%3BWright%2C+Rosalind+J&rft.aulast=Suglia&rft.aufirst=Shakira&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1333&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Smoke; Smoking; black carbon; Asthma; Respiratory diseases; Particulates; Respiratory function; Children; community involvement; USA, Massachusetts, Boston ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Influence of Living Near Roadways on Spirometry and Exhaled Nitric Oxide in Elementary Schoolchildren AN - 21375347; 12103982 AB - BACKGROUND: Living near major roadways has been associated with an increase in respiratory symptoms, but little is known about how this relates to airway inflammation. OBJECTIVE: We assessed the effects of living near local residential roadways based on objective indicators of ventilatory function and airway inflammation. METHODS: We estimated ambient air pollution, resolved to the level of the child's neighborhood, using a land-use regression model for children 9-11 years of age. We also summed the length of roadways found within a 200-m radius of each child's neighborhood. We had measurements of both air pollution exposure and spirometry for 2,328 children, and also had measurements of exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) for 1,613 of these children. RESULTS: Each kilometer of local roadway within a 200-m radius of the home was associated with a 6.8% increase in eNO (p = 0.045). Each kilometer of any type of roadway (local, major, highway) was also associated with an increase in eNO of 10.1% (p = 0.002). Each microgram per cubic meter increase in PM2.5 was associated with a 3.9% increase in eNO (p = 0.058) and 0.70% decrease in forced vital capacity (FVC) expressed as a percentage of predicted (p = 0.39). Associations between roadway density and both forced expired volume in 1 sec and FVC were negative but not statistically significant at p 0.05. CONCLUSION: Traffic from local neighborhood roadways may cause airway inflammation as indicated by eNO. This may be a more sensitive indicator of adverse air pollution effects than traditional measures of ventilatory function. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Dales, Robert AU - Wheeler, Amanda AU - Mahmud, Mamun AU - Frescura, Anna Maria AU - Smith-Doiron, Marc AU - Nethery, Elizabeth AU - Liu, Ling Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - Oct 2008 SP - 1423 EP - 1427 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Air pollution KW - Particle size KW - Age KW - traffic KW - Air pollution effects KW - Nitric oxide KW - Children KW - Highways KW - Land use KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21375347?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+Influence+of+Living+Near+Roadways+on+Spirometry+and+Exhaled+Nitric+Oxide+in+Elementary+Schoolchildren&rft.au=Dales%2C+Robert%3BWheeler%2C+Amanda%3BMahmud%2C+Mamun%3BFrescura%2C+Anna+Maria%3BSmith-Doiron%2C+Marc%3BNethery%2C+Elizabeth%3BLiu%2C+Ling&rft.aulast=Dales&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1423&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Particle size; Air pollution; Age; traffic; Air pollution effects; Nitric oxide; Children; Highways; Land use ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Built Environment and Physical Functioning in Hispanic Elders: The Role of "Eyes on the Street" AN - 21372488; 12103999 AB - BACKGROUND: Research on neighborhood effects increasingly includes the influences of the built environment on health and social well-being. OBJECTIVES: In this population-based study in a low-socioeconomic-status (SES), Hispanic neighborhood, we examined whether architectural features of the built environment theorized to promote direct observations and interactions (e.g., porches, stoops) predicted Hispanic elders' social support and psychological and physical functioning. METHODS: We coded built-environment features for all 3,857 lots in the 403-block area of an urban Miami, Florida, community. We then conducted three annual assessments of social support, psychological distress, and physical functioning in a population-based sample of 273 low-SES Hispanic elders (70-100 years of age). We used structural equation modeling analytic techniques to examine hypothesized relationships between the built environment and elders' social support, psychological distress, and physical functioning over a 3-year period. RESULTS: After controlling for age, sex, and income, architectural features of the built environment theorized to facilitate visual and social contact had a significant direct relationship with elders' physical functioning as measured 3 years later, and an indirect relationship through social support and psychological distress. Further binomial regression analyses suggested that elders living on blocks marked by low levels of positive front entrance features were 2.7 times as likely to have subsequent poor levels of physical functioning, compared with elders living on blocks with a greater number of positive front entrance features [b = 0.99; chi(2) (1 df) = 3.71; p = 0.05; 95% confidence interval, 1.0-7.3]. CONCLUSIONS: Architectural features that facilitate visual and social contacts may be a protective factor for elders' physical functioning. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Brown, Scott C AU - Mason, Craig A AU - Perrino, Tatiana AU - Lombard, Joanna L AU - Martinez, Frank AU - Plater-Zyberk, Elizabeth AU - Spokane, Arnold R AU - Szapocznik, Jose Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - Oct 2008 SP - 1300 EP - 1307 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Age KW - USA, Florida KW - Psychology KW - income KW - social conditions KW - elderly KW - USA, Florida, Miami KW - Ethnic groups KW - ENA 13:Population Planning & Control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21372488?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Built+Environment+and+Physical+Functioning+in+Hispanic+Elders%3A+The+Role+of+%22Eyes+on+the+Street%22&rft.au=Brown%2C+Scott+C%3BMason%2C+Craig+A%3BPerrino%2C+Tatiana%3BLombard%2C+Joanna+L%3BMartinez%2C+Frank%3BPlater-Zyberk%2C+Elizabeth%3BSpokane%2C+Arnold+R%3BSzapocznik%2C+Jose&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1300&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Age; Psychology; income; social conditions; elderly; Ethnic groups; USA, Florida; USA, Florida, Miami ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Differences in Heart Rate Variability Associated with Long-Term Exposure to NOsub 2 AN - 21372427; 12103991 AB - BACKGROUND: Heart rate variability (HRV), a measure of cardiac autonomic tone, has been associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Short-term studies have shown that subjects exposed to higher traffic-associated air pollutant levels have lower HRV. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to investigate the effect of long-term exposure to nitrogen dioxide on HRV in the Swiss cohort Study on Air Pollution and Lung Diseases in Adults (SAPALDIA). METHODS: We recorded 24-hr electrocardiograms in randomly selected SAPALDIA participants or= 50 years of age. Other examinations included an interview investigating health status and measurements of blood pressure, body height, and weight. Annual exposure to NO2 at the address of residence was predicted by hybrid models (i.e., a combination of dispersion predictions, land-use, and meteorologic parameters). We estimated the association between NO2 and HRV in multivariable linear regression models. Complete data for analyses were available for 1,408 subjects. RESULTS: For women, but not for men, each 10-microg/m3 increment in 1-year averaged NO2 level was associated with a decrement of 3% (95% CI, -4 to -1) for the standard deviation of all normal-to-normal RR intervals (SDNN), -6% (95% CI, -11 to -1) for nighttime low frequency (LF), and -5% (95% CI, -9 to 0) for nighttime LF/high-frequency (HF) ratio. We saw no significant effect for 24-hr total power (TP), HF, LF, or LF/HF or for nighttime SDNN, TP, or HF. In subjects with self-reported cardiovascular problems, SDNN decreased by 4% (95% CI, -8 to -1) per 10-microg/m3 increase in NO2. CONCLUSIONS: There is some evidence that long-term exposure to NO2 is associated with cardiac autonomic dysfunction in elderly women and in subjects with cardiovascular disease. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Dietrich, Denise Felber AU - Gemperli, Armin AU - Gaspoz, Jean-Michel AU - Schindler, Christian AU - Liu, L-J Sally AU - Gold, Diane R AU - Schwartz, Joel AU - Rochat, Thierry AU - Barthelemy, Jean-Claude AU - Pons, Marco AU - Roche, Frederic AU - Probst Hensch, Nicole M AU - Bridevaux, Pierre-Olivier AU - Gerbase, Margaret W AU - Neu, Urs AU - Ackermann-Liebrich, Ursula Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - Oct 2008 SP - 1357 EP - 1361 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Mortality KW - Age KW - blood pressure KW - Pollution dispersion KW - Pollution effects KW - Land use KW - Morbidity KW - Nitrogen dioxide KW - Air pollution KW - Lung KW - body height KW - heart rate KW - Cardiovascular diseases KW - elderly KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21372427?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Differences+in+Heart+Rate+Variability+Associated+with+Long-Term+Exposure+to+NOsub+2&rft.au=Dietrich%2C+Denise+Felber%3BGemperli%2C+Armin%3BGaspoz%2C+Jean-Michel%3BSchindler%2C+Christian%3BLiu%2C+L-J+Sally%3BGold%2C+Diane+R%3BSchwartz%2C+Joel%3BRochat%2C+Thierry%3BBarthelemy%2C+Jean-Claude%3BPons%2C+Marco%3BRoche%2C+Frederic%3BProbst+Hensch%2C+Nicole+M%3BBridevaux%2C+Pierre-Olivier%3BGerbase%2C+Margaret+W%3BNeu%2C+Urs%3BAckermann-Liebrich%2C+Ursula&rft.aulast=Dietrich&rft.aufirst=Denise&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1357&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mortality; Age; blood pressure; Pollution dispersion; Pollution effects; Morbidity; Land use; Air pollution; Nitrogen dioxide; heart rate; body height; Lung; Cardiovascular diseases; elderly ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Traffic-Related Air Pollution and Asthma Onset in Children: A Prospective Cohort Study with Individual Exposure Measurement AN - 21372405; 12103988 AB - BACKGROUND: The question of whether air pollution contributes to asthma onset remains unresolved. OBJECTIVES: In this study, we assessed the association between asthma onset in children and traffic-related air pollution. METHODS: We selected a sample of 217 children from participants in the Southern California Children's Health Study, a prospective cohort designed to investigate associations between air pollution and respiratory health in children 10-18 years of age. Individual covariates and new asthma incidence (30 cases) were reported annually through questionnaires during 8 years of follow-up. Children had nitrogen dioxide monitors placed outside their home for 2 weeks in the summer and 2 weeks in the fall-winter season as a marker of traffic-related air pollution. We used multilevel Cox models to test the associations between asthma and air pollution. RESULTS: In models controlling for confounders, incident asthma was positively associated with traffic pollution, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.29 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.07-1.56] across the average within-community interquartile range of 6.2 ppb in annual residential NO2. Using the total interquartile range for all measurements of 28.9 ppb increased the HR to 3.25 (95% CI, 1.35-7.85). CONCLUSIONS: In this cohort, markers of traffic-related air pollution were associated with the onset of asthma. The risks observed suggest that air pollution exposure contributes to new-onset asthma. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Jerrett, Michael AU - Shankardass, Ketan AU - Berhane, Kiros AU - Gauderman, W James AU - Kuenzli, Nino AU - Avol, Edward AU - Gilliland, Frank AU - Lurmann, Fred AU - Molitor, Jassy N AU - Molitor, John T AU - Thomas, Duncan C AU - Peters, John AU - McConnell, Rob Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - Oct 2008 SP - 1433 EP - 1438 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Air pollution KW - Nitrogen dioxide KW - Age KW - traffic KW - Pollution effects KW - Asthma KW - summer KW - USA, California KW - Respiratory diseases KW - Children KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21372405?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Traffic-Related+Air+Pollution+and+Asthma+Onset+in+Children%3A+A+Prospective+Cohort+Study+with+Individual+Exposure+Measurement&rft.au=Jerrett%2C+Michael%3BShankardass%2C+Ketan%3BBerhane%2C+Kiros%3BGauderman%2C+W+James%3BKuenzli%2C+Nino%3BAvol%2C+Edward%3BGilliland%2C+Frank%3BLurmann%2C+Fred%3BMolitor%2C+Jassy+N%3BMolitor%2C+John+T%3BThomas%2C+Duncan+C%3BPeters%2C+John%3BMcConnell%2C+Rob&rft.aulast=Jerrett&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1433&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nitrogen dioxide; Air pollution; Age; traffic; summer; Asthma; Pollution effects; Respiratory diseases; Children; USA, California ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Urinary Porphyrin Excretion in Children is Associated with Exposure to Organochlorine Compounds AN - 21361085; 12103987 AB - BACKGROUND: Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and other organochlorines induce porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) in animal studies. Evidence in humans, however, is contradictory. In neonates and adults from a population historically highly exposed to HCB (Flix, Catalonia, Spain), no relation with PCT or with porphyrin excretion was found. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to analyze the association between urinary porphyrin excretion and exposure to HCB and other organochlorinated compounds in children 4 years of age. METHODS: Our birth cohort included all newborns from Flix and the five surrounding towns (where no airborne pollution occurred). Among the 68 children with porphyrins we measured in cord blood, 52 children 4 years of age provided blood to measure organochlorine compounds, hair for methylmercury, and urine for porphyrin excretion pattern. RESULTS: Quantitative porphyrin excretion was within the normal values. However, total porphyrins, coproporphyrin I (CPI), and coproporphyrin III (CPIII) adjusted to creatinine excretion increased with increasing levels of HCB, 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethylene (p,p'-DDE), 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane (p,p'-DDT), and polychlorinated biphenyl congener 153 (PCB-153). We found no association with methylmercury. When we fitted multiple pollutant models, p,p'-DDE had the strongest association. We found these associations in children from both Flix and other towns, and they were independent of breast-feeding and of organochlorine and porphyrin levels at birth. CONCLUSION: HCB at current levels did not induce porphyria or increase uroporphyrins. However, the increase of urinary coproporphyrins suggests an incipient toxic effect of the organochlorines, especially for p,p'-DDE, on the hepatic heme-synthesis pathway that differs from the major effects seen in PCT. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Sunyer, Jordi AU - Alvarez-Pedrerol, Mar AU - To-Figueras, Jordi AU - Ribas-Fito, Nuria AU - Grimalt, Joan O AU - Herrero, Carmen Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - Oct 2008 SP - 1407 EP - 1410 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Methylmercury KW - Age KW - Organochlorine compounds KW - Urine KW - towns KW - Excretion KW - Neonates KW - Toxicity KW - Spain, Catalonia KW - Children KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21361085?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Urinary+Porphyrin+Excretion+in+Children+is+Associated+with+Exposure+to+Organochlorine+Compounds&rft.au=Sunyer%2C+Jordi%3BAlvarez-Pedrerol%2C+Mar%3BTo-Figueras%2C+Jordi%3BRibas-Fito%2C+Nuria%3BGrimalt%2C+Joan+O%3BHerrero%2C+Carmen&rft.aulast=Sunyer&rft.aufirst=Jordi&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1407&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Methylmercury; Age; Organochlorine compounds; Urine; towns; Excretion; Toxicity; Neonates; Children; Spain, Catalonia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Relationship between Prenatal PCB Exposure and Intelligence (IQ) in 9-Year-Old Children AN - 21356276; 12103980 AB - BACKGROUND: Several epidemiologic studies have demonstrated relationships between prenatal exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and modest cognitive impairments in infancy and early childhood. However, few studies have followed cohorts of exposed children long enough to examine the possible impact of prenatal PCB exposure on psychometric intelligence in later childhood. Of the few studies that have done so, one in the Great Lakes region of the United States reported impaired IQ in children prenatally exposed to PCBs, whereas another found no association. OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to determine whether environmental exposure to PCBs predicts lower IQ in school-age children in the Great Lakes region of the northeastern United States. METHODS: We measured prenatal exposure to PCBs and IQ at 9 years of age in 156 subjects from Oswego, New York. We also measured 50 potential predictors of intelligence in children, including repeated measures of the home environment [Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment (HOME)], socioeconomic status (SES), parental IQ, alcohol/cigarette use, neonatal risk factors, and nutrition. RESULTS: For each 1-ng/g (wet weight) increase in PCBs in placental tissue, Full Scale IQ dropped by three points (p = 0.02), and Verbal IQ dropped by four points (p = 0.003). The median PCB level was 1.50 ng/g, with a lower quartile of 1.00 ng/g and an upper quartile of 2.06 ng/g. Moreover, this association was significant after controlling for many potential confounders, including prenatal exposure to methylmercury, dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene, hexachlorobenzene, and lead. CONCLUSIONS: These results, in combination with similar results obtained from a similar study in the Great Lakes conducted 10 years earlier, indicate that prenatal PCB exposure in the Great Lakes region is associated with lower IQ in children. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Stewart, Paul W AU - Lonky, Edward AU - Reihman, Jacqueline AU - Pagano, James AU - Gump, Brooks B AU - Darvill, Thomas Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - Oct 2008 SP - 1416 EP - 1422 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Environment Abstracts KW - Alcohol KW - Methyl mercury KW - Cigarettes KW - Freshwater KW - Children KW - Environmental factors KW - Nutrition KW - Lead KW - USA, New York KW - prenatal experience KW - Lakes KW - North America, Great Lakes KW - Neonates KW - PCB compounds KW - PCB KW - intelligence KW - Freshwater pollution KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21356276?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+Relationship+between+Prenatal+PCB+Exposure+and+Intelligence+%28IQ%29+in+9-Year-Old+Children&rft.au=Stewart%2C+Paul+W%3BLonky%2C+Edward%3BReihman%2C+Jacqueline%3BPagano%2C+James%3BGump%2C+Brooks+B%3BDarvill%2C+Thomas&rft.aulast=Stewart&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1416&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Methyl mercury; Nutrition; Environmental factors; PCB; Freshwater pollution; Alcohol; Lakes; prenatal experience; Cigarettes; Neonates; Children; PCB compounds; Lead; intelligence; North America, Great Lakes; USA, New York; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Birth Delivery Mode Modifies the Associations between Prenatal Polychlorinated Biphenyl (PCB) and Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether (PBDE) and Neonatal Thyroid Hormone Levels AN - 21349539; 12103983 AB - BACKGROUND: Developing infants may be especially sensitive to hormone disruption from chemicals including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). OBJECTIVE: We investigated relationships between cord serum levels of PCBs and PBDEs and thyroid hormones measured in cord blood serum and neonatal blood spots. METHODS: We measured PCBs and PBDEs, thyrotropin (TSH), thyroxine (T4) and free T4 (FT4) in cord blood serum from 297 infants who were delivered at the Johns Hopkins Hospital in 2004-2005. We abstracted results of total T4 (TT4) measured in blood spots collected in the hospital and at neonatal visits. We used delivery mode (augmented vaginal deliveries and nonelective cesarean deliveries) as a surrogate for intrapartum stress, which is known to alter cord blood thyroid hormones. RESULTS: In the full study population, no compounds were associated with a change in average TSH, FT4, or TT4. BDE-100 was associated with increased odds of low cord TT4, BDE-153 with increased odds of low cord TT4 and FT4, and no compounds were associated with increased odds of high TSH. For infants born by spontaneous, vaginal, unassisted deliveries, PCBs were associated with lower cord TT4 and FT4 and lower TT4 measured in neonatal blood spots. PBDEs showed consistent but mainly nonsignificant negative associations with TT4 and FT4 measurements. CONCLUSIONS: Prenatal PCB and PBDE exposures were associated with reduced TT4 and FT4 levels among infants born by spontaneous, unassisted vaginal delivery. Intrapartum stress associated with delivery mode may mask hormonal effects of PCBs and PBDEs. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Herbstman, Julie B AU - Sjoedin, Andreas AU - Apelberg, Benjamin J AU - Witter, Frank R AU - Halden, Rolf U AU - Patterson, Donald G AU - Panny, Susan R AU - Needham, Larry L AU - Goldman, Lynn R Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - Oct 2008 SP - 1376 EP - 1382 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Polybrominated diphenyl ethers KW - polybrominated diphenyl ethers KW - Thyroid KW - Stress KW - Neonates KW - PCB compounds KW - Hormones KW - Infants KW - Hospitals KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21349539?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Birth+Delivery+Mode+Modifies+the+Associations+between+Prenatal+Polychlorinated+Biphenyl+%28PCB%29+and+Polybrominated+Diphenyl+Ether+%28PBDE%29+and+Neonatal+Thyroid+Hormone+Levels&rft.au=Herbstman%2C+Julie+B%3BSjoedin%2C+Andreas%3BApelberg%2C+Benjamin+J%3BWitter%2C+Frank+R%3BHalden%2C+Rolf+U%3BPatterson%2C+Donald+G%3BPanny%2C+Susan+R%3BNeedham%2C+Larry+L%3BGoldman%2C+Lynn+R&rft.aulast=Herbstman&rft.aufirst=Julie&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1376&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Polybrominated diphenyl ethers; polybrominated diphenyl ethers; Thyroid; Stress; Neonates; Hormones; PCB compounds; Hospitals; Infants ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lung Cancer and Vehicle Exhaust in Trucking Industry Workers AN - 21348669; 12103995 AB - BACKGROUND: An elevated risk of lung cancer in truck drivers has been attributed to diesel exhaust exposure. Interpretation of these studies specifically implicating diesel exhaust as a carcinogen has been limited because of limited exposure measurements and lack of work records relating job title to exposure-related job duties. OBJECTIVES: We established a large retrospective cohort of trucking company workers to assess the association of lung cancer mortality and measures of vehicle exhaust exposure. METHODS: Work records were obtained for 31,135 male workers employed in the unionized U.S. trucking industry in 1985. We assessed lung cancer mortality through 2000 using the National Death Index, and we used an industrial hygiene review and current exposure measurements to identify jobs associated with current and historical use of diesel-, gas-, and propane-powered vehicles. We indirectly adjusted for cigarette smoking based on an industry survey. RESULTS: Adjusting for age and a healthy-worker survivor effect, lung cancer hazard ratios were elevated in workers with jobs associated with regular exposure to vehicle exhaust. Mortality risk increased linearly with years of employment and was similar across job categories despite different current and historical patterns of exhaust-related particulate matter from diesel trucks, city and highway traffic, and loading dock operations. Smoking behavior did not explain variations in lung cancer risk. CONCLUSIONS: Trucking industry workers who have had regular exposure to vehicle exhaust from diesel and other types of vehicles on highways, city streets, and loading docks have an elevated risk of lung cancer with increasing years of work. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Garshick, Eric AU - Laden, Francine AU - Hart, Jaime E AU - Rosner, Bernard AU - Davis, Mary E AU - Eisen, Ellen A AU - Smith, Thomas J Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - Oct 2008 SP - 1327 EP - 1332 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Mortality KW - USA KW - Trucks KW - Diesel engines KW - Highways KW - Cancer KW - Occupational exposure KW - Lung cancer KW - Exhaust emissions KW - Urban areas KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21348669?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Lung+Cancer+and+Vehicle+Exhaust+in+Trucking+Industry+Workers&rft.au=Garshick%2C+Eric%3BLaden%2C+Francine%3BHart%2C+Jaime+E%3BRosner%2C+Bernard%3BDavis%2C+Mary+E%3BEisen%2C+Ellen+A%3BSmith%2C+Thomas+J&rft.aulast=Garshick&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1327&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mortality; Trucks; Highways; Diesel engines; Occupational exposure; Cancer; Urban areas; Exhaust emissions; Lung cancer; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biomechanical Effects of Immobilization and Rehabilitation on the Skeletal Muscle of Trained and Sedentary Rats AN - 21321729; 11901402 AB - Because of the scarcity of information about the comparison of training to sedentarism beforehand immobilization and rehabilitation through muscle mechanical properties, the present work investigates this theme. Seventy rats were divided into 7 groups: 1-control (C); 2-trained (T); 3-sedentary (S); 4-trained and immobilized (TI); 5-sedentary and immobilized (SI); 6-trained, immobilized and rehabilitated (TIR); 7-sedentary, immobilized and rehabilitated (SIR). Interventions: Swimming training; Sedentarism (reduced size cages); Cast immobilization (pelvic limb) and water rehabilitation. Load at the limit of proportionality (LLP), maximum limit load (MLL) and stiffness (St) were the mechanical properties determined after a mechanical test of traction of the gastrocnemius. The training improved all mechanical properties when compared to sedentarism. After immobilization, LLP and MLL were reduced in TI and SI. However, there was no difference in St between C and TI. Additionally, TI showed improved MLL when compared to SI. The comparison of TI and TIR showed significant melioration in all properties after remobilization. SIR showed an improvement only in MLL when compared to SI. Significant melioration in LLP and St was observed in TIR compared to SIR. We demonstrated that the training before immobilization and rehabilitation had a positive effect on the muscle mechanical behavior compared to sedentarism. This analysis is of fundamental importance because it helps characterize the muscle tissue under different functional demands. JF - Annals of Biomedical Engineering AU - Oliveira Milani, Juliana Goulart Prata AU - Matheus, Joao Paulo Chieregato AU - Gomide, Liana Barbaresco AU - Volpon, Jose Batista AU - Shimano, Antonio Carlos AD - Laboratory of Bioengineering, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14049-900, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil, juliana.gpo@gmail.com Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - Oct 2008 SP - 1641 EP - 1648 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 36 IS - 10 SN - 0090-6964, 0090-6964 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Pelvis KW - Swimming KW - Limbs KW - Rehabilitation KW - MLL protein KW - Skeletal muscle KW - Immobilization KW - Mechanical properties KW - W 30900:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21321729?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+Biomedical+Engineering&rft.atitle=Biomechanical+Effects+of+Immobilization+and+Rehabilitation+on+the+Skeletal+Muscle+of+Trained+and+Sedentary+Rats&rft.au=Oliveira+Milani%2C+Juliana+Goulart+Prata%3BMatheus%2C+Joao+Paulo+Chieregato%3BGomide%2C+Liana+Barbaresco%3BVolpon%2C+Jose+Batista%3BShimano%2C+Antonio+Carlos&rft.aulast=Oliveira+Milani&rft.aufirst=Juliana+Goulart&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1641&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+Biomedical+Engineering&rft.issn=00906964&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10439-008-9542-8 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Immobilization; Mechanical properties; MLL protein; Rehabilitation; Pelvis; Skeletal muscle; Swimming; Limbs DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10439-008-9542-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effectiveness of phosphate and potash rocks with Acidithiobacillus on sugarcane yield and their effects on soil chemical attributes AN - 21269716; 11887366 AB - Experiments were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of biofertilizers produced from phosphate and potash rocks mixed with sulfur inoculated with Acidithiobacillus oxidizing bacteria on sugarcane yield and their effects on some chemical attributes of a Brazilian tableland soil. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized factorial design 243+  ; 1, with four replicates. Two varieties of sugarcane, four rates of three sources of P and K (apatite+biotite, P+K biofertilizers with Acidithiobacillus, and soluble fertilizers-triple superphosphate and potassium chloride) were tested. A control without P and K fertilization was applied. A significant reduction in soil pH was observed with biofertilizers, especially when applied at higher rates, although no harmful effect on sugarcane yield was observed. Available P and K and exchangeable Ca and Mg increased with biofertilizer application compared to mineral fertilizers and P and K rocks. Biofertilizers may be used as an alternative source of P and K for sugarcane grown in soils with low available P and K. JF - World Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology AU - Stamford, N P AU - Lima, R A AU - Lira, MA AU - Santos, CRS AD - University Federal Rural of Pernambuco, Avda. Dom Manoel de Medeiros, s/n, 52071-900, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil, newtonps@ufrpe.br Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - Oct 2008 SP - 2061 EP - 2066 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 24 IS - 10 SN - 0959-3993, 0959-3993 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Sulfur KW - Fertilizers KW - Fertilization KW - Phosphate KW - Soil pH KW - potassium chloride KW - Minerals KW - A 01380:Plant Protection, Fungicides & Seed Treatments KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21269716?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=World+Journal+of+Microbiology+%26+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Effectiveness+of+phosphate+and+potash+rocks+with+Acidithiobacillus+on+sugarcane+yield+and+their+effects+on+soil+chemical+attributes&rft.au=Stamford%2C+N+P%3BLima%2C+R+A%3BLira%2C+MA%3BSantos%2C+CRS&rft.aulast=Stamford&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2061&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=World+Journal+of+Microbiology+%26+Biotechnology&rft.issn=09593993&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11274-008-9710-x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sulfur; Fertilization; Fertilizers; Phosphate; Soil pH; potassium chloride; Minerals DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11274-008-9710-x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Trace Metal Incorporation in Otoliths of Black Bream (Acanthopagrus butcheri Munro), an Indicator of Exposure to Metal Contamination AN - 21263748; 11876150 AB - Otoliths of black bream (Acanthopagrus butcheri) collected from the Swan River Estuary were analysed by Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) to measure concentrations of 14 trace metals. Trace metal concentrations in the otoliths may be related to the environmental exposure history of fish to contamination. The following metal isotopes were investigated: aluminium ( super(27)Al), calcium ( super(44)Ca), manganese ( super(55)Mn), iron ( super(57)Fe), copper ( super(65)Cu), zinc ( super(66)Zn), strontium ( super(88)Sr), cadmium ( super(111)Cd), tin ( super(120)Sn), barium ( super(138)Ba), mercury ( super(202)Hg), lead ( super(208)Pb) and the metalloids arsenic ( super(75)As, super(77)As) and selenium ( super(82)Se). Significant differences in otolith trace metal composition were found between sampling sites. Lead and super(57)Fe were consistently lower in downstream fish relative to upstream fish, while super(88)Sr varied with the salinity gradient in the urban estuary. Lead and super(57)Fe followed similar patterns within the otoliths, and appeared to provide the best discriminatory power for relating otolith metal concentration to the environmental history of the fish. JF - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution AU - Ranaldi, Melinda M AU - Gagnon, Marthe M AD - Department of Environmental Biology, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia, 6845, Australia, m.gagnon@curtin.edu.au Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - Oct 2008 SP - 31 EP - 43 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 194 IS - 1-4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Isotopes KW - Calcium KW - Contamination KW - Heavy metals KW - Environmental history KW - Copper KW - Toxicity tests KW - Strontium isotopes KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - Lead KW - Marine fish KW - Salinity KW - USA, Montana, Swan R. KW - cadmium KW - Cadmium KW - Manganese KW - Rivers KW - Metals KW - Estuaries KW - Trace Metals KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Barium KW - Mercury KW - Fish KW - Lasers KW - Iron KW - Mass spectrometry KW - Pollution effects KW - Selenium KW - upstream KW - Metal concentrations KW - History KW - Salinity effects KW - Zinc KW - Sampling KW - Acanthopagrus butcheri KW - Marine KW - Arsenic KW - Toxicity KW - Water pollution KW - Soil pollution KW - Air pollution KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Otoliths KW - Aluminum KW - otoliths KW - Strontium KW - trace metals KW - Tin KW - Trace metals KW - X 24390:Radioactive Materials KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21263748?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Trace+Metal+Incorporation+in+Otoliths+of+Black+Bream+%28Acanthopagrus+butcheri+Munro%29%2C+an+Indicator+of+Exposure+to+Metal+Contamination&rft.au=Ranaldi%2C+Melinda+M%3BGagnon%2C+Marthe+M&rft.aulast=Ranaldi&rft.aufirst=Melinda&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=194&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=31&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11270-008-9696-x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air pollution; Marine fish; Otoliths; Heavy metals; Estuaries; Pollution effects; Strontium isotopes; Toxicity tests; Water pollution; Isotopes; Calcium; Contamination; Lead; Mass spectroscopy; Selenium; Salinity effects; Zinc; Cadmium; Sampling; Manganese; Rivers; Arsenic; Soil pollution; Barium; Aluminum; Mercury; Lasers; Strontium; Tin; Iron; Trace metals; Metals; Environmental history; Mass spectrometry; Copper; Salinity; upstream; Metal concentrations; cadmium; otoliths; Fish; trace metals; Trace Metals; Bioaccumulation; History; Water Pollution Effects; Toxicity; Acanthopagrus butcheri; USA, Montana, Swan R.; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11270-008-9696-x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of the biological control agent, Lixus cardui, on Onopordum thistles: Establishment and initial field impact AN - 21062505; 8606545 AB - Between 1993 and 1999 a biological control program focused on the establishment and redistribution of the stem boring weevil Lixus cardui on its host Onopordum thistles in south-eastern Australia. Three release strategies (caged, free-release and stem release) were assessed as a part of a redistribution process that involved engagement with community members, with an overall establishment rate of 97%. Long-term monitoring of seven sites between 1998 and 2004 showed that L. cardui densities fluctuated by up to 30-fold among sites and 12-fold among seasons, driven largely by climatic effects on host plant size and with no measurable effect of plant density. During 2002 a comparison was made of plant performance at seven release sites with L. cardui present and six matched control sites without L. cardui. Plant size and L. cardui density varied between release sites and, on average, L. cardui reduced plant height by 33% and seed production by 65%. A second agent, the seed weevil Larinus latus, directly destroyed 56% of the seed produced at the sites, leading to a mean overall reduction of 84% in seed added to the soil during 2002 (ranging from 37% to 99% across sites). The significant reductions in seed rain that are being accrued by these two agents augur well for the long-term success of this project. JF - Biological Control AU - Swirepik, A E AU - Turner, P J AU - Briese, D T AD - CSIRO Entomology and CRC for Australian Weed Management, GPO Box 1700, Canberra 2601, Australia, david.briese@csiro.au Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - Oct 2008 SP - 108 EP - 114 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 47 IS - 1 SN - 1049-9644, 1049-9644 KW - Entomology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Lixus cardui KW - Larinus latus KW - Onopordum thistles KW - Biological control KW - Field establishment KW - Impact assessment KW - Soil KW - Seeds KW - Lixus KW - Rain KW - Onopordum KW - Host plants KW - Z 05350:Medical, Veterinary, and Agricultural Entomology KW - A 01370:Biological Control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21062505?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biological+Control&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+the+biological+control+agent%2C+Lixus+cardui%2C+on+Onopordum+thistles%3A+Establishment+and+initial+field+impact&rft.au=Swirepik%2C+A+E%3BTurner%2C+P+J%3BBriese%2C+D+T&rft.aulast=Swirepik&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=108&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biological+Control&rft.issn=10499644&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biocontrol.2008.06.006 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Biological control; Seeds; Rain; Host plants; Lixus; Onopordum DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2008.06.006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of an in vitro reproductive screening assay for novel pharmaceutical compounds AN - 21059800; 8571880 AB - An in vitro reproductive cell-based toxicity assay was developed using MLTC-I (murine Leydig tumour cell line) in order to examine the reproductive toxicity of two novel nanopharmaceutical compounds, namely ethylene glycol mono allyl ether and poly(ethylene glycol) octa-functionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane. Three commonly used cytotoxicity assays, namely the MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide], MTS [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2- (4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium] and Crystal Violet assays, were compared, and the MTT assay proved to be the most accurate and reproducible for the MLTC-I cell line. The doubling rate of the MLTC-I cells was 30 plus or minus 3.5 h and the optimal seeding density for the MTT assay was 20 000 cells per well, and the optimized MTT assay utilized a 4 h cell adherence followed by incubation with 0.5 mg/ml MTT for I h. The intra- and inter-assay CV (coefficient of variation) values were 12.3 and 11% respectively. MLTC-I cells only produce the reproductive hormone progesterone in response to hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin), which stimulated progesterone production dose-dependently from 0 to 100 m.i.u. (milli-international units)/ml (2706 plus or minus 1118 ng/ml). H sub(2)O sub(2) as a negative control killed 100% of cells at 1000 mu g/ml. The two nanopharmaceutical compounds were cytotoxic at concentrations greater than or equal to 0.1 mu g/ml, but hCG decreased cytotoxicity to greater than or equal to 1000 mu g/ml (P<0.001). hCG-stimulated progesterone synthesis afforded some protection against the cytotoxic effects of the two novel nanotechnology compounds; therefore doses less than or equal to 100 mu g/ml and an exposure period of I h would be recommended for testing in in vivo animal reproductive assays. JF - Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry AU - Edwards, V AU - Markovic, E AU - Matisons, J AU - Young, F AD - Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia, edwa0223@flinders.edu.au Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - Oct 2008 SP - 63 EP - 71 PB - Portland Press Ltd., 59 Portland Place London W1N 3AJ UK, [mailto:sales@portlandpress.co.uk] VL - 51 IS - 2 SN - 0885-4513, 0885-4513 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - chorionic gonadotropin KW - Progesterone KW - Crystals KW - Toxicity KW - bromides KW - Hormones KW - Polyhedra KW - Tumor cell lines KW - Cytotoxicity KW - Hydrogen peroxide KW - Pharmaceuticals KW - Ethylene glycol KW - Ethers KW - nanotechnology KW - W 30945:Fermentation & Cell Culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21059800?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+and+Applied+Biochemistry&rft.atitle=Development+of+an+in+vitro+reproductive+screening+assay+for+novel+pharmaceutical+compounds&rft.au=Edwards%2C+V%3BMarkovic%2C+E%3BMatisons%2C+J%3BYoung%2C+F&rft.aulast=Edwards&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+and+Applied+Biochemistry&rft.issn=08854513&rft_id=info:doi/10.1042%2FBA20070223 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Progesterone; chorionic gonadotropin; Toxicity; Crystals; bromides; Hormones; Polyhedra; Cytotoxicity; Tumor cell lines; Hydrogen peroxide; Pharmaceuticals; Ethers; Ethylene glycol; nanotechnology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/BA20070223 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of preoperative antibiotics in the prevention of wound infection after day case surgery for inguinal hernia in children in Ile Ife, Nigeria AN - 20064395; 8598491 AB - Purpose: Day case surgery for inguinal hernia had been an established practice of the Paediatric Surgery Unit, OAUTHC, Ile Ife for about two decades. In a retrospective review of the practice from the same center, a high incidence of postoperative wound infection was noted, which was attributed to the poor personal hygiene of the patients. This prospective study, therefore, was performed to evaluate the role of a single dose of preoperative antibiotic (using gentamicin) in the prevention of these wound infections after day case surgery for inguinal hernia in children. Methods: This was a prospective study carried out over a period of 8 months from 11 April 2004 to 20 December 2004. During this period, 88 children aged from birth to 15 years were randomized into two groups of equal numbers to undergo elective inguinal herniotomy. The children in the test group received prophylactic intravenous gentamicin, 30 min before a groin crease incision was made, while those in the control group did not. All patients were subsequently followed up for 32 days for any evidence of a wound infection. Results: There were 104 wounds in the ratio of 50:54 in the control and test groups, respectively. All 54 wounds of the children who received prophylactic gentamicin healed primarily and without complication. Five cases of wound infections occurred in the control group, giving an infection rate of 4.8% (P < 0.041). Staphylococcus aureus was the single pathogen isolated from the infected postherniotomy wounds and this organism was wholly sensitive to gentamicin. Conclusion: From the findings in this study, administration of preoperative gentamicin has a role in the prevention of wound infection after day case surgery for inguinal hernias in susceptible children. Preoperative intravenous gentamicin is therefore recommended as a prophylactic measure against wound infection after day case surgery for inguinal hernias in those children at risk of wound infection. JF - Pediatric Surgery International AU - Usang, U E AU - Sowande, O A AU - Adejuyigbe, O AU - Bakare, TIB AU - Ademuyiwa, O A AD - Calabar Road, G.P.O. Box 195, Calabar, Nigeria, usangue@yahoo.co.uk Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - Oct 2008 SP - 1181 EP - 1185 PB - Springer-Verlag (Heidelberg), Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 24 IS - 10 SN - 0179-0358, 0179-0358 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Postoperative infection KW - Intravenous administration KW - Pediatrics KW - Antibiotics KW - Pathogens KW - Children KW - Wounds KW - Birth KW - Gentamicin KW - Wound infection KW - Hernia KW - Surgery KW - Staphylococcus aureus KW - Hygiene KW - J 02400:Human Diseases KW - W 30915:Pharmaceuticals & Vaccines UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20064395?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pediatric+Surgery+International&rft.atitle=The+role+of+preoperative+antibiotics+in+the+prevention+of+wound+infection+after+day+case+surgery+for+inguinal+hernia+in+children+in+Ile+Ife%2C+Nigeria&rft.au=Usang%2C+U+E%3BSowande%2C+O+A%3BAdejuyigbe%2C+O%3BBakare%2C+TIB%3BAdemuyiwa%2C+O+A&rft.aulast=Usang&rft.aufirst=U&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1181&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pediatric+Surgery+International&rft.issn=01790358&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00383-008-2241-6 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Postoperative infection; Intravenous administration; Pediatrics; Antibiotics; Pathogens; Children; Wounds; Gentamicin; Birth; Wound infection; Surgery; Hernia; Hygiene; Staphylococcus aureus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00383-008-2241-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating land administration projects in developing countries AN - 20059941; 8810426 AB - There have been various approaches to evaluating and comparing the performance of land administration and land titling projects in developing countries. Many of these consider the efficiency of land administration processes and the capacity of institutions. This paper presents the results of research undertaken by the authors and considers the most common approaches taken to date, and the strengths and limitations of these approaches. The authors argue that improvements are needed to project design and make recommendations for more effective use of socio-economic analyses. JF - Land Use Policy AU - Mitchell, David AU - Clarke, Matthew AU - Baxter, James AD - School of Mathematical and Geospatial Sciences, SET Portfolio, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476V, Melbourne 3001, Australia, d.mitchell@rmit.edu.au Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - Oct 2008 SP - 464 EP - 473 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 25 IS - 4 SN - 0264-8377, 0264-8377 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Socioeconomics KW - Developing countries KW - Land use KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20059941?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Land+Use+Policy&rft.atitle=Evaluating+land+administration+projects+in+developing+countries&rft.au=Mitchell%2C+David%3BClarke%2C+Matthew%3BBaxter%2C+James&rft.aulast=Mitchell&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=464&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Land+Use+Policy&rft.issn=02648377&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.landusepol.2007.10.004 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Developing countries; Socioeconomics; Land use DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2007.10.004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Distribution of glucosinolates and sulphur-rich cells in roots of field-grown canola (Brassica napus) AN - 20045885; 8532764 AB - To investigate the role played by the distribution pattern of glucosinolates (GSLs) in root systems in the release of biocides to the rhizosphere, GSLs have been localized, for the first time, to specific regions and cells in field-grown roots.GSL concentrations in separated tissues of canola (Brassica napus) were determined by chemical analysis, and cell-specific concentrations by extrapolation from sulphur concentrations obtained by quantitative cryo-analytical scanning electron microscopy (SEM).In roots with secondary growth, GSL concentrations in the outer secondary tissues were up to 5 those of the inner core. The highest GSL concentrations (from sulphur measurements) were in two cell layers just under the outermost periderm layer, with up to 100 published concentrations for whole roots. Primary tissues had negligible GSL.Release and renewal of the peripheral GSLs is probably a normal developmental process as secondary thickening continues and surface cells senesce, accounting for published observations that intact roots release GSLs and their biocide hydrolosates to the rhizosphere. Absence of myrosin idioblasts close to the root surface suggests that GSLs released developmentally are hydrolysed by myrosinase in the rhizosphere, ensuring a continuous localized source of biotoxic hydrolysates which can deter soil-borne pests, and influence microbial populations associated with long-lived components of the root system. JF - New Phytologist AU - McCully, Margaret E AU - Miller, Celia AU - Sprague, Susan J AU - Huang, Cheng X AU - Kirkegaard, John A AD - CSIRO Plant Industry, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - Oct 2008 SP - 193 EP - 205 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road VL - 180 IS - 1 SN - 0028-646X, 0028-646X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - biofumigation KW - Brassica napus (canola[comma oilseed rape) KW - cell- and tissue-specific localization KW - cryo-analytical scanning electron microscopy KW - glucosinolates KW - myrosin cells KW - secondarily thickened roots KW - sulphur KW - Sulfur KW - Scanning electron microscopy KW - Rhizosphere KW - Brassica napus KW - Roots KW - Biocides KW - Pests KW - Hydrolysates KW - Glucosinolates KW - A 01380:Plant Protection, Fungicides & Seed Treatments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20045885?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Phytologist&rft.atitle=Distribution+of+glucosinolates+and+sulphur-rich+cells+in+roots+of+field-grown+canola+%28Brassica+napus%29&rft.au=McCully%2C+Margaret+E%3BMiller%2C+Celia%3BSprague%2C+Susan+J%3BHuang%2C+Cheng+X%3BKirkegaard%2C+John+A&rft.aulast=McCully&rft.aufirst=Margaret&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=180&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=193&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=New+Phytologist&rft.issn=0028646X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1469-8137.2008.02520.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sulfur; Scanning electron microscopy; Rhizosphere; Roots; Pests; Biocides; Hydrolysates; Glucosinolates; Brassica napus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02520.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A prospective study of non-fatal heroin overdose AN - 19803071; 8840920 AB - Aims: We aimed to study the prevalence, characteristics and outcomes of patients presenting with non-fatal heroin overdose. Design: Prospective observational study. Setting: Emergency Department (ED). Participants: Patients attending with non-fetal heroin overdose. Intervention: Nil. Measurement: Descriptive and epidemiological data. Findings: Two-hundred-and-forty-nine overdoses in 224 patients (61.2% male, range 15-49 years). Mean reported age of first heroin use was 18.8 years (range 10-42). Forty-two per cent reported a previous heroin overdose requiring hospital intervention. Co-ingestants included benzodiazepines (61, 27.2%), alcohol (35, 15.6%), cannabis (25, 11.1%), amphetamines (13, 5.8%) and hallucinogens (3, 1.3%). Most patients experienced a benign course; 81 of 115 ambulance presentations (70.4%) received prehospital naloxone and 23 (9.2%) received naloxone in the ED; 67.9% had no investigations and complications were uncommon (two aspiration, one hypoxic brain injury). Median length of stay was 180 min (15 min to 48 h). Only 29 (11.6%) presentations required admission. There were 15 individuals (6.7%) who had 40 (16.1% of the total) repeat presentations. Conclusions: Heroin overdose tends to occur in experienced users who commonly co-ingest other drugs. There is a trend of overdose occurring with increasing frequency in teenage females. Repeat overdosing is common. However, while morbidity is low, these patients require considerable resources. JF - Journal of Substance Use AU - Fatovich, D M AU - Bartu, A AU - Daly, FFS AD - Department of Emergency Medicine, Royal Perth Hospital, Box X2213 GPO, Perth WA 6847, Australia, daniel.fatovich@health.wa.gov.au Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - Oct 2008 SP - 299 EP - 307 VL - 13 IS - 5 SN - 1465-9891, 1465-9891 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Age KW - Data processing KW - Brain injury KW - Heroin KW - Hallucinogens KW - Drug abuse KW - Morbidity KW - Naloxone KW - Overdose KW - Hypoxia KW - Benzodiazepine KW - alcohols KW - Cannabis KW - Amphetamine KW - Benign KW - Hospitals KW - X 24380:Social Poisons & Drug Abuse UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19803071?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Substance+Use&rft.atitle=A+prospective+study+of+non-fatal+heroin+overdose&rft.au=Fatovich%2C+D+M%3BBartu%2C+A%3BDaly%2C+FFS&rft.aulast=Fatovich&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=299&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Substance+Use&rft.issn=14659891&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F14659890802040773 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Age; Brain injury; Data processing; Heroin; Hallucinogens; Drug abuse; Morbidity; Naloxone; Overdose; Hypoxia; Benzodiazepine; Cannabis; alcohols; Amphetamine; Hospitals; Benign DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14659890802040773 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phosphate removal from wastewater using red mud AN - 19698266; 8400567 AB - Red mud, a waste residue of alumina refinery, has been used to develop effective adsorbents to remove phosphate from aqueous solution. Acid and acid-thermal treatments were employed to treat the raw red mud. The effects of different treatment methods, pH of solution and operating temperature on adsorption have been examined in batch experiments. It was found that all activated red mud samples show higher surface area and total pore volume as well as higher adsorption capacity for phosphate removal. The red mud with HCl treatment shows the highest adsorption capacity among all the red mud samples, giving adsorption capacity of 0.58mgP/g at pH 5.5 and 40 super(o)C. The adsorption capacity of the red mud adsorbents decreases with increase of pH. At pH 2, the red mud with HCl treatment exhibits adsorption of 0.8mgP/g while the adsorption can be lowered to 0.05mgP/g at pH 10. However, the adsorption is improved at higher temperature by increasing 25% from 30 to 40 super(o)C. The kinetic studies of phosphate adsorption onto red mud indicate that the adsorption mainly follows the parallel first-order kinetics due to the presence of two acidic phosphorus species, H sub(2)PO sub(4) super(-) and HPO sub(4) super(2) super(-). An analysis of the adsorption data indicates that the Freundlich isotherm provides a better fitting than the Langmuir model. JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials AU - Huang, W AU - Wang, S AU - Zhu, Z AU - Li, L AU - Yao, X AU - Rudolph, V AU - Haghseresht, F AD - Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia, shaobin.wang@curtin.edu.au Y1 - 2008/10/01/ PY - 2008 DA - 2008 Oct 01 SP - 35 EP - 42 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 158 IS - 1 SN - 0304-3894, 0304-3894 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Temperature effects KW - Data processing KW - Surface area KW - Temperature KW - Phosphorus KW - Wastes KW - Mud KW - Hydrogen Ion Concentration KW - Adsorbents KW - Models KW - Pores KW - Phosphates KW - Phosphate KW - Kinetics KW - Aluminum KW - Adsorption KW - Capacity KW - Phosphorus Removal KW - Isotherms KW - Waste water KW - pH effects KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes KW - X 24300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19698266?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.atitle=Phosphate+removal+from+wastewater+using+red+mud&rft.au=Huang%2C+W%3BWang%2C+S%3BZhu%2C+Z%3BLi%2C+L%3BYao%2C+X%3BRudolph%2C+V%3BHaghseresht%2C+F&rft.aulast=Huang&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=158&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=35&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.issn=03043894&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jhazmat.2008.01.061 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Data processing; Surface area; Wastes; Phosphorus; Models; Pores; Phosphate; Kinetics; Aluminum; Adsorption; Waste water; Isotherms; pH effects; Phosphates; Temperature; Adsorbents; Hydrogen Ion Concentration; Mud; Capacity; Phosphorus Removal DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.01.061 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EPA delays decision on regulating greenhouse gases AN - 195931456 AB - On July 11, under pressure from Senate Environment and Public Works Committee Chair Barbara Boxer (DCA) and House Oversight and Government Reform Committee Chairman Henry Waxman (D-CA), the EPA released an Advance Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (ANPR) on regulating greenhouse gases under the Clean Air Act. JF - Issues in Science and Technology AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2008///Fall PY - 2008 DA - Fall 2008 SP - 22 EP - 23 CY - Washington PB - Issues in Science and Technology VL - 25 IS - 1 SN - 07485492 KW - Technology: Comprehensive Works KW - Environmental protection KW - Regulation KW - Public works KW - Public health KW - Clean Air Act-US KW - Emission standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/195931456?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiologyjournals&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Issues+in+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=EPA+delays+decision+on+regulating+greenhouse+gases&rft.au=Anonymous&rft.aulast=Anonymous&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=22&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Issues+in+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=07485492&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Central; ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Environmental Protection Agency--EPA N1 - Copyright - Copyright Issues in Science and Technology Fall 2008 N1 - Last updated - 2012-01-28 N1 - CODEN - ISTEEL ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Consumer product safety changes approved AN - 195931408 AB - Despite a packed legislative calendar and industry opposition, the House and Senate passed the Consumer Product Safety Modernization Act just before the August recess. JF - Issues in Science and Technology AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2008///Fall PY - 2008 DA - Fall 2008 SP - 21 CY - Washington PB - Issues in Science and Technology VL - 25 IS - 1 SN - 07485492 KW - Technology: Comprehensive Works KW - Bans KW - Bills KW - Chemicals KW - Toys KW - Product safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/195931408?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiologyjournals&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Issues+in+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Consumer+product+safety+changes+approved&rft.au=Anonymous&rft.aulast=Anonymous&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Issues+in+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=07485492&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Central; ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Copyright - Copyright Issues in Science and Technology Fall 2008 N1 - Last updated - 2012-01-28 N1 - CODEN - ISTEEL ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Progress on 2009 budget stalled AN - 195931198 AB - In action so far, congressional appropriators have endorsed large increases for the three physical sciences agencies (the National Science Foundation (NSF), National Institute of Science and Technology (NIST), and the Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science) in the presidents American Competitiveness Initiative, human spacecraft development, biomedical research in the National Institutes of Health (NIH), as well as other parts of the federal R&D portfolio. JF - Issues in Science and Technology AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2008///Fall PY - 2008 DA - Fall 2008 SP - 21 CY - Washington PB - Issues in Science and Technology VL - 25 IS - 1 SN - 07485492 KW - Technology: Comprehensive Works KW - Research & development--R&D KW - Bills UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/195931198?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiologyjournals&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Issues+in+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Progress+on+2009+budget+stalled&rft.au=Anonymous&rft.aulast=Anonymous&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Issues+in+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=07485492&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Central; ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Congress; National Science Foundation N1 - Copyright - Copyright Issues in Science and Technology Fall 2008 N1 - Last updated - 2012-01-28 N1 - CODEN - ISTEEL ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Yucca Mountain's future examined AN - 195927009 AB - In the wake of the Department of Energy's (DOE's) submittal in June 2008 of an 8,600-page application for the licensing of the Yucca Mountain nuclear waste repository, the House Energy and Commerce Committee's Energy and Air Quality Subcommittee held a July 15 hearing to assess the program's future. JF - Issues in Science and Technology AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2008///Fall PY - 2008 DA - Fall 2008 SP - 23 CY - Washington PB - Issues in Science and Technology VL - 25 IS - 1 SN - 07485492 KW - Technology: Comprehensive Works KW - Radioactive wastes KW - Nuclear energy KW - Energy policy KW - Yucca Mountain UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/195927009?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiologyjournals&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Issues+in+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Yucca+Mountain%27s+future+examined&rft.au=Anonymous&rft.aulast=Anonymous&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=23&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Issues+in+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=07485492&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Central; ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Copyright - Copyright Issues in Science and Technology Fall 2008 N1 - Last updated - 2012-01-28 N1 - CODEN - ISTEEL N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Higher Education Act reauthorized AN - 195923509 JF - Issues in Science and Technology AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2008///Fall PY - 2008 DA - Fall 2008 SP - 22 CY - Washington PB - Issues in Science and Technology VL - 25 IS - 1 SN - 07485492 KW - Technology: Comprehensive Works KW - Higher education KW - Accreditation KW - Low income groups KW - Colleges & universities KW - College students KW - Child welfare UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/195923509?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiologyjournals&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Issues+in+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Higher+Education+Act+reauthorized&rft.au=Anonymous&rft.aulast=Anonymous&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=22&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Issues+in+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=07485492&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Central; ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Copyright - Copyright Issues in Science and Technology Fall 2008 N1 - Last updated - 2012-01-28 N1 - CODEN - ISTEEL ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effects of a harmful alga on bivalve larval lipid stores AN - 19580636; 8468687 AB - Marine invertebrates often have complex life histories that include a swimming planktivorous larval stage, at which time they are vulnerable to a variety of stressors, including those associated with nutritional stress and harmful algal blooms. Lipid stores have been shown to be especially important for post-metamorphic survivorship and growth in a variety of marine invertebrates. We investigated the effects of the harmful brown tide alga Aureococcus anophagefferens on the lipid stores and growth of larvae of the hard clam (northern quahog, Mercenaria mercenaria), a dominant bivalve in many western Atlantic bays and estuaries. M. mercenaria was the dominant bivalve in Great South Bay, Long Island, until the mid-1970s, but very few larvae are presently found in these waters. Recent brown tide blooms have been hypothesized to pose a barrier to recovery of M. mercenaria populations and hinder recent restoration efforts by negatively affecting clam larvae. To test whether a diet of the brown tide alga affects the accumulation of beneficial lipid stores, we fed larvae one of three diets representing equal biovolumes of Isochrysis galbana, a nutritious control alga; A. anophagefferens, the brown tide alga for which nutritional quality is not presently known; or a mixture of the two. Larvae fed only brown tide had significantly less lipid stores than those in the other dietary treatments. In addition, brown tide negatively affected larval size. We also tested for evidence of tradeoffs between larval growth and lipid stores, predicting that when the diet was less nutritious as in the brown tide treatments, larval size and lipids would be negatively correlated. In contrast, we found that larvae fed a mixed algal diet or only A. anophagefferens showed a significant positive correlation between lipid stores and size, suggesting that some larvae were simply better at obtaining food and associated nutrients. Larval success likely depends on a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. Our study suggests that poor nutrition associated with a harmful alga can have negative effects on larval size and lipids stores, which in turn are mediated by the inter-individual variability in the ability to grow and accumulate necessary lipid stores. Phytoplankton quality is likely to be important for the sustainability of bivalve populations even when it primarily impacts the larval phase; and a diet of brown tide algae may have lasting legacies for juveniles and adults. JF - Harmful Algae AU - Przeslawski, R AU - Bourdeau, P E AU - Doall, M H AU - Pan, J AU - Perino, L AU - Padilla, D K AD - Marine and Coastal Environment Group, GPO Box 378, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia, rachel.przeslawski@ga.gov.au Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - Oct 2008 SP - 802 EP - 807 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 7 IS - 6 SN - 1568-9883, 1568-9883 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Algal blooms KW - Marine invertebrates KW - Food KW - Lipids KW - Survival KW - Molluscan larvae KW - Phytoplankton KW - AW, Atlantic KW - Nutrients KW - ANW, USA, New York, Long Island KW - Environmental factors KW - Nutrition KW - Isochrysis galbana KW - Growth KW - Islands KW - Aureococcus anophagefferens KW - Mercenaria mercenaria KW - Algae KW - Diets KW - Marine KW - Swimming KW - Biological poisons KW - Estuaries KW - Tides KW - Bivalvia KW - ANW, USA, New York, Long Island, Great South Bay KW - Nutrient deficiency KW - Life history KW - Feeding experiments KW - Marine molluscs KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - X 24370:Natural Toxins KW - Q1 08481:Productivity KW - K 03320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19580636?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Harmful+Algae&rft.atitle=The+effects+of+a+harmful+alga+on+bivalve+larval+lipid+stores&rft.au=Przeslawski%2C+R%3BBourdeau%2C+P+E%3BDoall%2C+M+H%3BPan%2C+J%3BPerino%2C+L%3BPadilla%2C+D+K&rft.aulast=Przeslawski&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=802&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Harmful+Algae&rft.issn=15689883&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.hal.2008.04.003 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Algal blooms; Growth; Marine invertebrates; Biological poisons; Marine molluscs; Feeding experiments; Phytoplankton; Molluscan larvae; Nutrition; Diets; Swimming; Lipids; Food; Estuaries; Survival; Nutrients; Environmental factors; Tides; Nutrient deficiency; Life history; Islands; Algae; Bivalvia; Aureococcus anophagefferens; Mercenaria mercenaria; Isochrysis galbana; ANW, USA, New York, Long Island, Great South Bay; AW, Atlantic; ANW, USA, New York, Long Island; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2008.04.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carbon and hydrogen isotopes of neo-pentane for biodegraded natural gas correlation AN - 19560629; 8752827 AB - In severely biodegraded gases, every common C sub(1)-C sub(5) hydrocarbon (methane, ethane, propane, iso-butane, n-butane, iso-pentane, n-pentane) and CO sub(2) have been altered, negating the power of carbon and hydrogen isotopic compositions as correlation tools. Here, we show that neo-pentane (2,2-dimethylpropane) is recalcitrant, having an extreme resistance to biodegradation. In a gas biodegradation series with a common source from the Carnarvon Basin, Western Australia, the carbon and hydrogen isotopic compositions of neo-pentane provide the sole means by which a severely biodegraded gas can be correlated with a moderately biodegraded gas and a non-biodegraded gas. As such, the sterically hindered structure involving 2,2-dimethyl hydrocarbons can be exploited in gas (and oil) correlation studies. JF - Organic Geochemistry AU - Boreham, Christopher J AU - Edwards, Dianne S AU - Hope, Janet M AU - Chen, Junhong AU - Hong, Ziqing AD - Petroleum and Marine Division, Geoscience Australia, GPO Box 378, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia, chris.boreham@ga.gov.au Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - Oct 2008 SP - 1483 EP - 1486 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 39 IS - 10 SN - 0146-6380, 0146-6380 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Propane KW - Oil KW - Methane KW - Isotopes KW - Carbon KW - Biodegradation KW - Gases KW - Hydrocarbons KW - Basins KW - Hydrogen KW - Carbon dioxide KW - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19560629?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Organic+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Carbon+and+hydrogen+isotopes+of+neo-pentane+for+biodegraded+natural+gas+correlation&rft.au=Boreham%2C+Christopher+J%3BEdwards%2C+Dianne+S%3BHope%2C+Janet+M%3BChen%2C+Junhong%3BHong%2C+Ziqing&rft.aulast=Boreham&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1483&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Organic+Geochemistry&rft.issn=01466380&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.orggeochem.2008.06.010 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Oil; Propane; Methane; Isotopes; Gases; Biodegradation; Carbon; Hydrocarbons; Basins; Hydrogen; Carbon dioxide DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2008.06.010 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Cusp of a New Era in Long-term Mechanical Circulatory Support AN - 19498939; 8785684 JF - Artificial Organs AU - Woodard, John AD - Congress President 15th Congress of the International Society for Rotary Blood Pumps and Chief Scientific Officer Ventracor Limited 126 Greville Street Chatswood, NSW 2067, Australia Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - Oct 2008 SP - 757 EP - 760 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road VL - 32 IS - 10 SN - 0160-564X, 0160-564X KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Circulation KW - W 30920:Tissue Engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19498939?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Artificial+Organs&rft.atitle=The+Cusp+of+a+New+Era+in+Long-term+Mechanical+Circulatory+Support&rft.au=Woodard%2C+John&rft.aulast=Woodard&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=757&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Artificial+Organs&rft.issn=0160564X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1525-1594.2008.00627.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Circulation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1594.2008.00627.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography - time-of-flight mass spectrometry and simultaneous electron capture detection/nitrogen phosphorous detection for incense analysis AN - 19486407; 8566027 AB - This study reports comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography hyphenated to time-of-flight mass spectrometry detection (GCxGC /TOFMS) for characterisation and identification of components generated by four different types of powdered incense headspace (H /S) and incense smoke. GCxGC/TOFMS allowed simultaneous separation and identification of compounds emitted into the atmosphere as a result of combustion of incense powder. The smoke stream comprised compounds originating from the incense powder, and combustion products such as saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons, essential oil type compounds, nitromusks, fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs, which possibly include oxygenated and nitrated PAH), N-heterocyclics, pyrans and furans, which were detected and tentatively identified by GCxGC/TOFMS. GCxGC-electron capture detector/nitrogen phosphorous detector (ECD /NPD) potentially offers the prospect of providing selective chemical compositional information of incense powder and smoke, such as nitrogen-containing (N-containing) and halogenated compounds. Results of GCxGC-ECD/NPD showed that both incense powder and smoke generated emission of N-containing and halogenated compounds. A significant number of halogenated and N-containing compounds were emitted during the incomplete combustion of incense. However, one further objective of this paper is to demonstrate the capacity of comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled to specific and/or selective detectors such as those used in this study (GCxGC-ECD/NPD) for the detection of particular classes of compounds such as N-containing and halogenated compounds at trace level concentrations in complex smoke samples. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Tran, T C AU - Marriott, P J AD - School of Applied Sciences, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476V, Melbourne 3001, Australia, philip.marriott@rmit.edu.au Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - Oct 2008 SP - 7360 EP - 7372 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 42 IS - 32 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Combustion products KW - Mass spectrometry KW - Atmosphere KW - Oil KW - Gas chromatography KW - Emissions KW - Halogenated compounds KW - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in atmosphere KW - Furans KW - Esters KW - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon emissions KW - Combustion KW - Smoke KW - Fatty acids KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Nitrogen KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19486407?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Comprehensive+two-dimensional+gas+chromatography+-+time-of-flight+mass+spectrometry+and+simultaneous+electron+capture+detection%2Fnitrogen+phosphorous+detection+for+incense+analysis&rft.au=Tran%2C+T+C%3BMarriott%2C+P+J&rft.aulast=Tran&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=32&rft.spage=7360&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.atmosenv.2008.06.028 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Smoke; Combustion products; Gas chromatography; Mass spectrometry; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in atmosphere; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon emissions; Esters; Furans; Atmosphere; Combustion; Oil; Emissions; Fatty acids; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Halogenated compounds; aromatic hydrocarbons; Nitrogen DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.06.028 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of early fine and gross motor development on later motor and cognitive ability AN - 19404235; 8713554 AB - The aim of this study was to determine whether information obtained from measures of motor performance taken from birth to 4 years of age predicted motor and cognitive performance of children once they reached school age. Participants included 33 children aged from 6 years to 11 years and 6 months who had been assessed at ages 4 months to 4 years using the ages and stages questionnaires (ASQ: [Squires, J. K., Potter, L., & Bricker, D. (1995). The ages and stages questionnaire users guide. Baltimore: Brookes]). These scores were used to obtain trajectory information consisting of the age of asymptote, maximum or minimum score, and the variance of ASQ scores. At school age, both motor and cognitive ability were assessed using the McCarron Assessment of Neuromuscular Development (MAND: [McCarron, L. (1997). McCarron assessment of neuromuscular development: Fine and gross motor abilities (revised ed.). Dallas, TX: Common Market Press.]), and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Version IV (WISC-IV: [Wechsler, D. (2004). WISC-IV integrated technical and interpretive manual. San Antonio, Texas: Harcourt Assessment]). In contrast to previous research, results demonstrated that, although socio-economic status (SES) predicted fine motor performance and three of four cognitive domains at school age, gestational age was not a significant predictor of later development. This may have been due to the low-risk nature of the sample. After controlling for SES, fine motor trajectory information did not account for a significant proportion of the variance in school aged fine motor performance or cognitive performance. The ASQ gross motor trajectory set of predictors accounted for a significant proportion of the variance for cognitive performance once SES was controlled for. Further analysis showed a significant predictive relationship for gross motor trajectory information and the subtests of working memory and processing speed. These results provide evidence for detecting children at risk of developmental delays or disorders with a parent report questionnaire prior to school age. The findings also add to recent investigations into the relationship between early motor development and later cognitive function, and support the need for ongoing research into a potential etiological relationship. JF - Human Movement Science AU - Piek, J P AU - Dawson, L AU - Smith, L M AU - Gasson, N AD - Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth 6845, Western Australia, Australia, j.piek@curtin.edu.au Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - Oct 2008 SP - 668 EP - 681 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 27 IS - 5 SN - 0167-9457, 0167-9457 KW - Physical Education Index; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - Inventories KW - Age KW - Gestational age KW - Mental ability KW - Motor task performance KW - Surveys KW - Children KW - Short term memory KW - Evaluation KW - Intelligence KW - Speed KW - Schools KW - Cognitive ability KW - Risk factors KW - Motor performance KW - Risk groups KW - Motor development KW - PE 140:Business, Marketing & Sports Equipment KW - N3 11001:Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19404235?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aphysicaleducation&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+Movement+Science&rft.atitle=The+role+of+early+fine+and+gross+motor+development+on+later+motor+and+cognitive+ability&rft.au=Piek%2C+J+P%3BDawson%2C+L%3BSmith%2C+L+M%3BGasson%2C+N&rft.aulast=Piek&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=668&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human+Movement+Science&rft.issn=01679457&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.humov.2007.11.002 LA - English DB - Physical Education Index N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Age; Motor performance; Schools; Evaluation; Children; Surveys; Motor development; Mental ability; Speed; Cognitive ability; Motor task performance; Inventories; Gestational age; Short term memory; Intelligence; Risk factors; Risk groups DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2007.11.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development Lead Exposure Induces Tactile Defensiveness in Rhesus Monkeys (Macaca Mulatta) AN - 14855658; 10733983 AB - Impact of lead exposure on tactile defensiveness in rhesus monkeys was investigated. Lead-treated monkeys were orally administered lead in a daily milk solution from 8 days of life to either 1 or 2 years of age to produce blood lead levels of 35-40 mg/dL. Succimer chelation therapy or placebo was administered at 1 year of age. Lead-exposed monkeys showed significantly more negative responses to repeated tactile stimuli compared with monkeys not exposed to lead. Lead exposure measured during early life was positively correlated with the magnitude of the negative response. The results indicated that blood lead concentration during early life was more strongly correlated with the magnitude of the negative response to tactile stimulation than was later blood lead concentration. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Moore, Colleen F AU - Gajewski, Lisa L AU - Laughlin, Nellie AU - Luck, Melissa L AU - Larson, Julie A AU - Schneider, Mary L Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - Oct 2008 SP - 1322 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 116 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - BIOLOGY, CHILDREN KW - BLOOD LEAD LEVEL KW - BEHAVIOR KW - TOXICOLOGY KW - BLOOD ANALYSIS KW - RESEARCH ASSOCIATIONS KW - MONKEYS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14855658?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Development+Lead+Exposure+Induces+Tactile+Defensiveness+in+Rhesus+Monkeys+%28Macaca+Mulatta%29&rft.au=Moore%2C+Colleen+F%3BGajewski%2C+Lisa+L%3BLaughlin%2C+Nellie%3BLuck%2C+Melissa+L%3BLarson%2C+Julie+A%3BSchneider%2C+Mary+L&rft.aulast=Moore&rft.aufirst=Colleen&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1322&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 3 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - BLOOD ANALYSIS; BIOLOGY, CHILDREN; RESEARCH ASSOCIATIONS; BLOOD LEAD LEVEL; BEHAVIOR; MONKEYS; TOXICOLOGY ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Air Pollution and Odor in Communities Near Industrial Swine Operations AN - 14854221; 10733985 AB - Air pollution and odor in communities near industrial swine operations were examined. One hundred and one participants from 16 neighborhoods in eastern North Carolina reported on the strength of hog odor inside and outside their homes for approximately 2 weeks while temperature, humidity, wind speed, H sub(2)S, and PM sub(10) were monitored nearby. One to 16 swine concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) were located within 2 mi of the monitoring platform in each neighborhood. Odor was reported out-side on more than half the study days in 9 neighborhoods. Odor ratings made during 10-min periods of sitting outside twice a day were associated with weather conditions. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Wing, Steve AU - Horton, Rachel Avery AU - Marshell, Stephen W AU - Thu, Kendall AU - Tajik, Mansoureh AU - Schinasi, Leah AU - Schiffman, Susan S Y1 - 2008/10// PY - 2008 DA - Oct 2008 SP - 1362 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 116 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - AIR POLLUTION KW - QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS KW - ODOR CONTROL KW - NORTH CAROLINA KW - ENV IMPACT ASSESSMENT KW - MEASUREMENTS AND SENSING KW - MONITORING, AIR KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14854221?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Air+Pollution+and+Odor+in+Communities+Near+Industrial+Swine+Operations&rft.au=Wing%2C+Steve%3BHorton%2C+Rachel+Avery%3BMarshell%2C+Stephen+W%3BThu%2C+Kendall%3BTajik%2C+Mansoureh%3BSchinasi%2C+Leah%3BSchiffman%2C+Susan+S&rft.aulast=Wing&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1362&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - MEASUREMENTS AND SENSING; MONITORING, AIR; AIR POLLUTION; QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS; ODOR CONTROL; NORTH CAROLINA; ENV IMPACT ASSESSMENT ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Polypyrrole nanofiber surface acoustic wave gas sensors AN - 21042041; 8599400 AB - We present for the first time, to the best of authors' knowledge, surface acoustic wave (SAW) gas sensors featuring polypyrrole nanofibers as the active component for hydrogen (H sub(2)) and nitrogen dioxide (NO sub(2)) detection at room temperature. Polypyrrole nanofibers were synthesized through a template-free chemical route by introducing bipyrrole as an initiator to speed up the polymerization of pyrrole in the presence of iron (III) chloride (FeCl sub(3)) as the oxidizing agent. Polypyrrole nanofibers were characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic (FT-IR) techniques which indicated that the average diameter of the nanofibers was 18nm with lengths in the order of several microns. The polypyrrole nanofibers were dispersed onto the surface of a ZnO/36 super(o)YX LiTaO sub(3) SAW transducer. Gas testing towards H sub(2) and NO sub(2) was conducted in an enclosed environmental cell at room temperature. Measured frequency shifts due to sensor responses were 20kHz towards 1% of H sub(2) and 4.5kHz towards 2.1ppm NO sub(2), respectively. The sensor performance was assessed during a five-day period and repeatable results were obtained. JF - Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical AU - Al-Mashat, L AU - Tran, H D AU - Wlodarski, W AU - Kaner, R B AU - Kalantar-zadeh, K AD - School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476V, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia, laith.almashat@ieee.org Y1 - 2008/09/25/ PY - 2008 DA - 2008 Sep 25 SP - 826 EP - 831 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 134 IS - 2 SN - 0925-4005, 0925-4005 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Temperature effects KW - Scanning electron microscopy KW - Polymerization KW - Acoustics KW - Transmission electron microscopy KW - Chloride KW - Hydrogen KW - pyrroles KW - Nitrogen dioxide KW - Waves KW - polypyrroles KW - Iron KW - Oxidizing agents KW - W 30955:Biosensors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21042041?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sensors+and+Actuators+B%3A+Chemical&rft.atitle=Polypyrrole+nanofiber+surface+acoustic+wave+gas+sensors&rft.au=Al-Mashat%2C+L%3BTran%2C+H+D%3BWlodarski%2C+W%3BKaner%2C+R+B%3BKalantar-zadeh%2C+K&rft.aulast=Al-Mashat&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2008-09-25&rft.volume=134&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=826&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sensors+and+Actuators+B%3A+Chemical&rft.issn=09254005&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.snb.2008.06.030 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Scanning electron microscopy; Polymerization; Acoustics; Transmission electron microscopy; Chloride; Hydrogen; pyrroles; Nitrogen dioxide; polypyrroles; Waves; Iron; Oxidizing agents DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2008.06.030 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Six Sigma approach in performance management to improve safety culture at work AN - 20977197; 8510976 AB - This case study uses the Six Sigma process framework in performance management to explore and decrease the injury rate of an international waste disposal firm. The results indicate that an employee-management consensus approach to continuous improvement in safety management in the workplace is essential. The evidence from this case suggests that the Define, Measure, Analyse, Improve and Control (DMAIC) Six Sigma process and an analysis tool such as the fishbone diagram can be easily adopted as measurements and reduce the injury rate in the workplace. Furthermore, the case shows that management commitment and employee ownership of the Six Sigma programme is the key to continuous improvement and the development of a safety culture and a learning organisation. JF - International Journal of Six Sigma and Competitive Advantage AU - Lok, Peter AU - Rhodes, Jo AU - Diamond, Abe AU - Bhatia, Nitin AD - International Graduate School of Business, University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, North Terrace, Adelaide SA 5000, Australia. Y1 - 2008/09/14/ PY - 2008 DA - 2008 Sep 14 SP - 151 EP - 171 PB - Inderscience Publishers Ltd., PO Box 735 VL - 4 IS - 2 SN - 1479-2494, 1479-2494 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - case studies KW - Culture KW - Injuries KW - Occupational safety KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20977197?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Six+Sigma+and+Competitive+Advantage&rft.atitle=The+Six+Sigma+approach+in+performance+management+to+improve+safety+culture+at+work&rft.au=Lok%2C+Peter%3BRhodes%2C+Jo%3BDiamond%2C+Abe%3BBhatia%2C+Nitin&rft.aulast=Lok&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2008-09-14&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=151&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Six+Sigma+and+Competitive+Advantage&rft.issn=14792494&rft_id=info:doi/10.1504%2FIJSSCA.2008.020280 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Injuries; case studies; Culture; Occupational safety DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/IJSSCA.2008.020280 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The Imperative of Missile Defense AN - 58804768; 2008-283485 AB - The widespread proliferation of ballistic missile technologies into the hands of the world's most dangerous states and terrorist organizations poses an unprecedented security risk to the US and the civilized world. At a time when missile defense is becoming increasingly vital both for defense of the homeland and for the regional security architecture in the Pacific Rim and the Persian Gulf, the Senate Armed Services Committee (SASC) markup of the National Defense Authorization bill for FY 2009 (S. 3001) cuts more than 411 million dollars from the administration's request for the Missile Defense Agency's (MDA) programs. JF - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee, Sep 9 2008, 8 pp. AU - United States Senate Republican Policy Committee Y1 - 2008/09/09/ PY - 2008 DA - 2008 Sep 09 PB - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee KW - Military and defense policy - Military equipment and weapons KW - Military and defense policy - National defense KW - International relations - International peace and security KW - Science and technology policy - Technology and technology policy KW - United States KW - Guided missiles KW - Counterterrorism KW - Regional security KW - Technology KW - National defense KW - book UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58804768?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=United+States+Senate+Republican+Policy+Committee&rft.aulast=United+States+Senate+Republican+Policy+Committee&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2008-09-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+Imperative+of+Missile+Defense&rft.title=The+Imperative+of+Missile+Defense&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://rpc.senate.gov/public/_files/090908MissileDefensePaperMLF.pdf LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Publication note - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee, 2008 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of a Cry1Ac-Resistant Line of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to Detect Novel Insecticidal Toxin Genes in Bacillus thuringiensis AN - 856760753; 14053804 AB - This paper describes a screening strategy incorporating resistant insect lines for discovery of new Bacillus thuringiensis toxins against a background of known genes that would normally mask the activity of additional genes and the application of that strategy. A line of Helicoverpa armigera with resistance to Cry1Ac (line ISOC) was used to screen Cry1Ac-expressing strains of B. thuringiensis for additional toxins with activity against H. armigera. Using this approach, a number of Cry1Ac-producing strains with significant toxicity toward Cry1Ac-resistant H. armigera were identified. When the insecticidal protein complement of one of these strains, C81, was examined in detail, a novel cry2 gene (cry2Af1) was detected. JF - Current Microbiology AU - Beard, Cheryl E AU - Court, Leon AU - Mourant, Roslyn G AU - James, Bill AU - Rie, Jeroen AU - Masson, Luke AU - Akhurst, Raymond J AD - CSIRO Entomology, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia, Ray.Akhurst@csiro.au Y1 - 2008/09// PY - 2008 DA - Sep 2008 SP - 175 EP - 180 PB - Springer-Verlag, 175 Fifth Ave. New York NY 10010 USA VL - 57 IS - 3 SN - 0343-8651, 0343-8651 KW - Entomology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Cry1Ac toxin KW - Cry2 gene KW - Toxicity KW - Toxins KW - Helicoverpa armigera KW - Bacillus thuringiensis KW - Lepidoptera KW - Noctuidae KW - J 02410:Animal Diseases KW - Z 05350:Medical, Veterinary, and Agricultural Entomology KW - X 24330:Agrochemicals KW - G 07770:Bacteria UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/856760753?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Use+of+a+Cry1Ac-Resistant+Line+of+Helicoverpa+armigera+%28Lepidoptera%3A+Noctuidae%29+to+Detect+Novel+Insecticidal+Toxin+Genes+in+Bacillus+thuringiensis&rft.au=Beard%2C+Cheryl+E%3BCourt%2C+Leon%3BMourant%2C+Roslyn+G%3BJames%2C+Bill%3BRie%2C+Jeroen%3BMasson%2C+Luke%3BAkhurst%2C+Raymond+J&rft.aulast=Beard&rft.aufirst=Cheryl&rft.date=2008-09-01&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=175&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+Microbiology&rft.issn=03438651&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00284-008-9098-8 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-03-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cry2 gene; Cry1Ac toxin; Toxicity; Toxins; Helicoverpa armigera; Bacillus thuringiensis; Noctuidae; Lepidoptera DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00284-008-9098-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Patient Delivered Partner Therapy for Chlamydial Infection-What Would Be Missed? AN - 755138392; 13647788 AB - Reinfection of index patients by untreated sexual partners accounts for a significant proportion of incident bacterial sexually transmissible infections. The most widely practiced method of partner notification, whereby the index case contacts known sexual partners, results in relatively few sexual partners presenting for assessment. super(1) Alternative strategies that have been proposed to enhance conventional partner notification include patient delivered partner therapy (PDPT). PDPT requires the index case to give their contacts the treatment for the STI without the contact having to access a clinical service. This strategy has been shown to reduce the rate of reinfection in the index patient for gonorrhea and chlamydia. super(2-5) However, a limitation of this approach is that concurrent STIs in the contacts may remain undiagnosed and untreated. In addition, because there is no clinical interaction with a health care worker, there is no opportunity to identify other secondary contacts. To examine the extent to which these issues are relevant in an Australian urban sexual health clinic setting, we decided to investigate the concurrent STIs diagnosed in those who present as potential contacts of chlamydia and the number of other sexual partners who are identified. JF - Sexually Transmitted Diseases AU - McNulty, A AU - Teh, M F AU - Freedman, E AD - Sydney Sexual Health Centre, GPO 1614, Sydney 2000, Australia, anna.mcnulty@sesiahs.health.nsw.gov.au Y1 - 2008/09// PY - 2008 DA - Sep 2008 SP - 834 EP - 836 VL - 35 IS - 9 SN - 0148-5717, 0148-5717 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Sexual partners KW - Sexually-transmitted diseases KW - Gonorrhea KW - Infection KW - Medical personnel KW - Chlamydia KW - J 02400:Human Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/755138392?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sexually+Transmitted+Diseases&rft.atitle=Patient+Delivered+Partner+Therapy+for+Chlamydial+Infection-What+Would+Be+Missed%3F&rft.au=McNulty%2C+A%3BTeh%2C+M+F%3BFreedman%2C+E&rft.aulast=McNulty&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2008-09-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=834&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sexually+Transmitted+Diseases&rft.issn=01485717&rft_id=info:doi/10.1097%2FOLQ.0b013e3181761993 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sexual partners; Sexually-transmitted diseases; Gonorrhea; Infection; Medical personnel; Chlamydia DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3181761993 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Strain-based Structural Health Monitoring of Complex Composite Structures AN - 753657864; 13181803 AB - The use of composite structures in engineering applications has proliferated over the past few decades due to its distinct advantages, namely: high structural performance, corrosion resistance, and high strength/weight ratio. However, they also come with a set of disadvantages, i.e., they are prone to fiber breakage, matrix cracking, and delaminations. These types of damage are often invisible and if undetected, could lead to catastrophic failures of structures. Although there are systems to detect such damage, the criticality assessment and prognosis of the damage is often much more difficult to achieve. This article discusses the research study conducted, which resulted in the development of a Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) system for a 2D polymeric composite T-joint, used in maritime structures. The SHM system was found to be capable of not only detecting the presence of multiple delaminations in a composite structure, but also capable of determining the location and extent of all the delaminations present in the T-joint structure, regardless of the load (angle and magnitude) acting on the structure. The system developed relies on the examination of the strain distribution of the structure under operational loading. JF - Structural Health Monitoring AU - Kesavan, Ajay AU - John, Sabu AU - Herszberg, Israel AD - School of Aerospace, Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476V, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia, sabu.john@rmit.edu Y1 - 2008/09// PY - 2008 DA - Sep 2008 SP - 203 EP - 213 PB - Sage Publications Ltd., 6 Bonhill St. London EC2A 4PU UK VL - 7 IS - 3 SN - 1475-9217, 1475-9217 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - composite materials KW - Structural analysis KW - Corrosion KW - H 15000:Civil/Structural Engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/753657864?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Structural+Health+Monitoring&rft.atitle=Strain-based+Structural+Health+Monitoring+of+Complex+Composite+Structures&rft.au=Kesavan%2C+Ajay%3BJohn%2C+Sabu%3BHerszberg%2C+Israel&rft.aulast=Kesavan&rft.aufirst=Ajay&rft.date=2008-09-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=203&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Structural+Health+Monitoring&rft.issn=14759217&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F1475921708090559 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - composite materials; Structural analysis; Corrosion DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1475921708090559 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Speeded verbal responding in adults who stutter: are there deficits in linguistic encoding? AN - 742782015; pmid-18762061 AB - Linguistic encoding deficits in people who stutter (PWS, n=18) were investigated using auditory priming during picture naming and word vs. non-word comparisons during choice and simple verbal reaction time (RT) tasks. During picture naming, PWS did not differ significantly from normally fluent speakers (n=18) in the magnitude of inhibition of RT from semantically related primes and the magnitude of facilitation from phonologically related primes. PWS also did not differ from controls in the degree to which words were faster than non-words during choice RT, although PWS were slower overall than controls. Simple RT showed no difference between groups, or between words and non-words, suggesting differences in speech initiation time do not explain the choice RT results. The findings are consistent with PWS not being deficient in the time course of lexical activation and selection, phonological encoding, and phonetic encoding. Potential deficits underlying slow choice RTs outside of linguistic encoding are discussed. EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES: The reader will be able to (1) describe possible relationships between linguistic encoding processes and speech motor control difficulties in people who stutter; (2) explain the role of lexical priming tasks during speech production in evaluating the efficiency of linguistic encoding; (3) describe the different levels of processing that may be involved in slow verbal responding by people who stutter, and identify which levels could be involved based on the findings of the present study. JF - Journal of fluency disorders AU - Hennessey, Neville W AU - Nang, Charn Y AU - Beilby, Janet M AD - School of Psychology, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U 1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia. Y1 - 2008/09// PY - 2008 DA - Sep 2008 SP - 180 EP - 202 VL - 33 IS - 3 SN - 0094-730X, 0094-730X KW - Index Medicus KW - National Library of Medicine KW - Young Adult KW - Questionnaires KW - Phonetics KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Linguistics -- methods KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - Male KW - Female KW - Verbal Behavior KW - Reaction Time KW - Stuttering -- diagnosis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/742782015?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+fluency+disorders&rft.atitle=Speeded+verbal+responding+in+adults+who+stutter%3A+are+there+deficits+in+linguistic+encoding%3F&rft.au=Hennessey%2C+Neville+W%3BNang%2C+Charn+Y%3BBeilby%2C+Janet+M&rft.aulast=Hennessey&rft.aufirst=Neville&rft.date=2008-09-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=180&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+fluency+disorders&rft.issn=0094730X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English (eng) DB - ComDisDome N1 - Date revised - 2010-04-13 N1 - Last updated - 2010-09-25 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A comparative investigation of ultrafine particle number and mass emissions from a fleet of on-road diesel and CNG buses. AN - 69564918; 18800557 AB - Particle number, particle mass, and CO2 concentrations were measured on the curb of a busy urban busway used entirely by a mix of diesel and CNG operated buses. With the passage of each bus, the ratio of particle number concentration and particle mass concentration to CO2 concentration in the diluted exhaust plume were used as measures of the particle number and mass emission factors, respectively. With all buses accelerating pastthe monitoring point, the results showed that the median particle mass emission from CNG buses was less than 9% of that from diesel buses. However, the median particle number emission from CNG buses was 6 times higher than the diesel buses, and the particles from the CNG buses were mainly in the nanoparticle size range. Using a thermodenuder to remove the volatile material from the sampled emissions showed that the majority of particles from the CNG buses, but not from the diesel buses, were volatile. Approximately, 82% of the particles from the CNG buses and 38% from the diesel buses were removed by heating the emissions to 300 degrees C. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Jayaratne, E R AU - He, C AU - Ristovski, Z D AU - Morawska, L AU - Johnson, G R AD - International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Queensland University of Technology, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia. Y1 - 2008/09/01/ PY - 2008 DA - 2008 Sep 01 SP - 6736 EP - 6742 VL - 42 IS - 17 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Gasoline KW - 0 KW - Vehicle Emissions KW - Index Medicus KW - Particle Size KW - Motor Vehicles UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/69564918?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=A+comparative+investigation+of+ultrafine+particle+number+and+mass+emissions+from+a+fleet+of+on-road+diesel+and+CNG+buses.&rft.au=Jayaratne%2C+E+R%3BHe%2C+C%3BRistovski%2C+Z+D%3BMorawska%2C+L%3BJohnson%2C+G+R&rft.aulast=Jayaratne&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2008-09-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=17&rft.spage=6736&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2008-10-24 N1 - Date created - 2008-09-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity and metal speciation characterisation of waste water from an abandoned gold mine in tropical northern Australia. AN - 69493397; 18676002 AB - The decommissioned Mount Todd gold mine, located in the wet-dry tropics of northern Australia, consists of a large waste water inventory and an acid rock drainage problem, which has the potential to impact upon freshwater ecosystems of the Edith River catchment. The toxicity of retention pond 1 (RP1) water was determined using six local freshwater species (duckweed, alga, cladoceran, snail, hydra and a fish). RP1 water was very toxic to all species, with the percentage dilution of RP1 water inhibiting 10% of organism response (IC10), or lethal to 5% of individuals (LC5), ranging from 0.007 to 0.088%. The percentage dilution of RP1 water inhibiting 50% of organism response (IC50), or lethal to 50% of individuals (LC50), ranged from 0.051% to 0.58%. Based on chemical analyses and geochemical speciation modelling of the test waters, Cu, Zn and Al were the most likely toxic components at acidic dilutions (i.e. > or =1%), while Cu and Zn were the most likely toxic components at 0.1% RP1 water, where pH was 6.5. Species sensitivity distributions (SSDs) were used to predict dilutions of RP1 water that would protect or unacceptably affect the downstream aquatic ecosystems. A dilution ratio of 1 part RP1 water to 20000 parts Edith River water (0.005% RP1 water) was calculated to be required for the protection of at least 95% of species. This information can be used in conjunction with field chemical and biological data to better predict the ecological risks of RP1 waste water downstream of the Mount Todd mine. JF - Chemosphere AU - Dam, Rick van AU - Hogan, Alicia AU - Harford, Andrew AU - Markich, Scott AD - Environmental Research Institute of the Supervising Scientist (eriss), GPO Box 461, Darwin, Northern Territory 0801, Australia. rick.vandam@environment.gov.au Y1 - 2008/09// PY - 2008 DA - September 2008 SP - 305 EP - 313 VL - 73 IS - 3 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - 0 KW - Gold KW - 7440-57-5 KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Australia KW - Gold -- toxicity KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- classification KW - Mining KW - Gold -- classification UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/69493397?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Toxicity+and+metal+speciation+characterisation+of+waste+water+from+an+abandoned+gold+mine+in+tropical+northern+Australia.&rft.au=Dam%2C+Rick+van%3BHogan%2C+Alicia%3BHarford%2C+Andrew%3BMarkich%2C+Scott&rft.aulast=Dam&rft.aufirst=Rick&rft.date=2008-09-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=305&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.chemosphere.2008.06.011 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2008-10-28 N1 - Date created - 2008-09-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.06.011 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genocide in the minds of Cambodian youth: transmitting (hi)stories of genocide to second and third generations in Cambodia AN - 61762938; 200902138 AB - Several studies have been done on the survivors of the genocidal Khmer Rouge regime on issues of memory, accountability and reconciliation, but little attention has so far been paid to the children of survivors. This paper looks at how the history of Cambodian genocide has been transmitted to Cambodian second and third generations in the homes of the victims and perpetrators, at schools and through memorialization practices in Cambodia. The paper is informed by five months of field research in Cambodia conducted with around 200 Cambodian youth in the summer of 2005. The findings illustrate that, in the absence of adequate education on the history of the Khmer Rouge period, the prevalent exposure to the horrors of the genocide at homes, schools, museums and memorials has worked to produce fear, anger, disbelief or denial in many Cambodian youth, sustained their myths, and has left them with several compelling questions, such as "why did Khmer kill Khmer?" The paper asserts that Cambodia needs to better confront how it transmits the history of genocide to its young generations. It provides recommendations as to how to improve this process and to empower and include youth in Cambodia's quest for truth, justice and reconciliation. Adapted from the source document. JF - Journal of Genocide Research AU - Munyas, Burcu AD - CRS Jerusalem West Bank and Gaza Program Y1 - 2008/09// PY - 2008 DA - September 2008 SP - 413 EP - 439 PB - Taylor & Francis, Abingdon UK VL - 10 IS - 3 SN - 1462-3528, 1462-3528 KW - Memory KW - Cambodia KW - History KW - Generational Differences KW - Genocide KW - Accountability KW - Youth KW - article KW - 2898: studies in violence; genocide UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61762938?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Genocide+Research&rft.atitle=Genocide+in+the+minds+of+Cambodian+youth%3A+transmitting+%28hi%29stories+of+genocide+to+second+and+third+generations+in+Cambodia&rft.au=Munyas%2C+Burcu&rft.aulast=Munyas&rft.aufirst=Burcu&rft.date=2008-09-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=413&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Genocide+Research&rft.issn=14623528&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F14623520802305768 LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-08 N1 - Number of references - 89 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cambodia; Genocide; Accountability; Youth; Memory; Generational Differences; History DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14623520802305768 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Indigenous Responses to Water Policymaking in Australia AN - 61693092; 200835200 AB - Policy ideology in Aboriginal affairs is caught between left wing rights versus right wing responsibility arguments. Taking the radical centre position of mutual rights and responsibilities espoused by Pearson and applying it to the National Water Initiative, Eileen Willis, Meryl Pearce, Carmel McCarthy, Fiona Ryan and Ben Wadham demonstrate the way in which one Aboriginal community, Yarilena, situated in an arid and remote region of South Australia, has met the challenge. They show the initiatives instigated by the community that are applicable to other Aboriginal settings, and the challenges facing governments who take seriously the policy formulation of mutual obligation within the Pearson framework. Adapted from the source document. JF - Development AU - Willis, Eileen AU - Pearce, Meryl AU - Mccarthy, Carmel AU - Ryan, Fiona AU - Wadham, Ben AD - School of Medicine, Department of Paramedic and Social Health Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100 Adelaide 5000, AUSTRALIA Tel: +61 (08) 82013110, Fax: +61 (08) 82013646 Y1 - 2008/09// PY - 2008 DA - September 2008 SP - 418 EP - 424 PB - Palgrave, Basingstoke, UK VL - 51 IS - 3 SN - 1011-6370, 1011-6370 KW - ecologically sustainable, community, outback, rights, responsibility KW - Policy Making KW - Indigenous Populations KW - Government Policy KW - Ideologies KW - Geographic Regions KW - Australia KW - Aboriginal Australians KW - article KW - 2656: environmental interactions; environmental interactions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61693092?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Development&rft.atitle=Indigenous+Responses+to+Water+Policymaking+in+Australia&rft.au=Willis%2C+Eileen%3BPearce%2C+Meryl%3BMccarthy%2C+Carmel%3BRyan%2C+Fiona%3BWadham%2C+Ben&rft.aulast=Willis&rft.aufirst=Eileen&rft.date=2008-09-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=418&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Development&rft.issn=10116370&rft_id=info:doi/10.1057%2Fdev.2008.30 LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-09 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - DEVEDD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Indigenous Populations; Policy Making; Australia; Aboriginal Australians; Government Policy; Geographic Regions; Ideologies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/dev.2008.30 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Updates on pulsing content, unconferences, and coding AN - 57707627; 200808290 AB - Looks at some of the library technology trends that have emerged through the years. One such technology is Zotero, a browser-based citation management application that offers many useful features to anybody who does research on the Internet. Zotero sharing lets users see and peruse the Zotero libraries of other people near them on the same network. Another is the video series called learn2code, which starts with a basic lesson of how to type a few simple things into Processing, a toolkit made by and for computer artists. Processing runs on all major computers and operating systems. The 2008 code4lib conference featured a preconference "unconference," a whole day where everybody could gather to give informal talks to each other. Adapted from the source document. JF - Computers in Libraries AU - Chudnov, Daniel AD - Office of Strategic Initiatives at the Library of Congress daniel.chudnov@gmail.com Y1 - 2008/09// PY - 2008 DA - September 2008 SP - 31 EP - 33 PB - Information Today Inc VL - 28 IS - 8 SN - 1041-7915, 1041-7915 KW - Software KW - Conferences KW - Libraries KW - Information technology KW - article KW - 14.0: COMMUNICATIONS AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57707627?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Alisa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computers+in+Libraries&rft.atitle=Updates+on+pulsing+content%2C+unconferences%2C+and+coding&rft.au=Chudnov%2C+Daniel&rft.aulast=Chudnov&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2008-09-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=31&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computers+in+Libraries&rft.issn=10417915&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Library & Information Science Abstracts (LISA) N1 - Date revised - 2008-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Information technology; Software; Conferences; Libraries ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Not Alone: A Digital Preservation Community AN - 57683126; 200900434 AB - In the winter of 2000, revolutionary changes in the digital environment were beginning to take place not only in technology but in the aspects of social interaction and content creation. That time also marked the beginning of a national initiative to develop a strategy for the preservation of a burgeoning body of digital information valuable for scholarship, public policy, and the cultural heritage of the United States. As plans unfolded for the National Digital Information Infrastructure and Preservation Program (NDIIPP) led by the Library of Congress, the Internet community was engaged in a phenomenon that would be labeled Web 2.0. While the Web became a platform for collaborative content creation, the National Digital Preservation Program became a Web of partnerships working together to collect and preserve at-risk digital information. Adapted from the source document. JF - Against the Grain AU - Anderson, Martha AD - National Digital Information Infrastructure and Preservation Program, Office of Strategic Initiatives, Library of Congress mande@loc.gov Y1 - 2008/09// PY - 2008 DA - September 2008 SP - 34 EP - 34, 36, 38 PB - 209 Richardson Avenue, MSC 98, The Citadel Charleston, SC 29409 VL - 20 IS - 4 SN - 1043-2094, 1043-2094 KW - USA KW - Library of Congress KW - Electronic media KW - Preservation KW - article KW - 9.15: TECHNICAL SERVICES - PRESERVATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57683126?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Alisa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Against+the+Grain&rft.atitle=Not+Alone%3A+A+Digital+Preservation+Community&rft.au=Anderson%2C+Martha&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=Martha&rft.date=2008-09-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=34&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Against+the+Grain&rft.issn=10432094&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Library & Information Science Abstracts (LISA) N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-08 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Preservation; Electronic media; Library of Congress; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - CONSER Updates: The Serials Cataloging Cooperative Training Program at Ten Years and Revision of Integrating Resources: A Cataloging Manual AN - 57675047; 200901130 AB - In this column, CONSER specialist Hien Nguyen recognizes the ten-year anniversary of the Serials Cataloging Cooperative Training Program. She discusses program successes, including the development of new material for Web delivery. CONSER coordinator Les Hawkins gives an update on the revision of Integrating Resources: A Cataloging Manual, the basic documentation used by CONSER and BIBCO members to create and maintain records for integrating resources. [Copyright 2008 Elsevier Inc.] JF - Serials Review AU - Nguyen, Hien AU - Hawkins, Les AD - Library of Congress, Washington, DC 20540-4160, USA hien@loc.gov Y1 - 2008/09// PY - 2008 DA - September 2008 SP - 205 EP - 207 PB - Elsevier, San Diego CA VL - 34 IS - 3 SN - 0098-7913, 0098-7913 KW - Library cataloguing KW - Training KW - Serials KW - article KW - 2.12: LIS - EDUCATION AND TRAINING UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57675047?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Alisa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Serials+Review&rft.atitle=CONSER+Updates%3A+The+Serials+Cataloging+Cooperative+Training+Program+at+Ten+Years+and+Revision+of+Integrating+Resources%3A+A+Cataloging+Manual&rft.au=Nguyen%2C+Hien%3BHawkins%2C+Les&rft.aulast=Nguyen&rft.aufirst=Hien&rft.date=2008-09-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=205&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Serials+Review&rft.issn=00987913&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Library & Information Science Abstracts (LISA) N1 - Date revised - 2015-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Training; Library cataloguing; Serials ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exposure of Children and Adolescents to Alcohol Advertising on Television in Australia AN - 57277170; 200824280 AB - Objective: This article reports the extent to which children (0-12 years) and teenagers below the legal drinking age in Australia (13-17 years) were exposed to alcohol advertising on free-to-air television in Sydney, Australia, during the period from March 2005 to February 2006. Method: Exposure levels were obtained from weekly Target Audience Rating Points (TARPs) data generated by OzTAM, the official Australian television audience monitoring system. (The TARPs figure for an advertisement is calculated based on the number of individuals from a target audience [e.g., 13- to 17-year-olds] exposed to the ad as a proportion of the total number of individuals within the target audience, multiplied by 100). Exposure levels were obtained for four age groups-up to 12 years, 13-17 years, 18-24 years, and 25 years and older-for 156 different ads for 50 brands. Results: Adults 25 years and older were most exposed to alcohol advertising: approximately 660 TARPs per week. The level to which underage teenagers (13-17 years) were exposed to alcohol advertising was virtually identical to that of young adults (18-24 years): 426 TARPs per week vs 429 TARPs per week. Children (0-12 years) were exposed to approximately one in every three alcohol ads seen on average by mature adults (ages 25 years and older). Conclusions: This study found that Australian children and teenagers below the legal drinking age currently are exposed to unacceptably high levels of alcohol advertising on television. These findings suggest that alcohol marketers may be deliberately targeting underage adolescents. At the very least the findings highlight the need for action to be taken to reduce levels to which underage Australians are exposed to alcohol advertising on television. Adapted from the source document. JF - Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs AU - Winter, Matthew V AU - Donovan, Robert J AU - Fielder, Lynda J AD - Curtin Business School, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth WA 6845, Australia winterm@cbs.curtin.edu.au Y1 - 2008/09// PY - 2008 DA - September 2008 SP - 676 EP - 683 PB - Center of Alcohol Studies, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway VL - 69 IS - 5 SN - 1937-1888, 1937-1888 KW - Alcohol consumption KW - Television KW - Australia KW - Advertising KW - Children KW - Adolescents KW - article UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57277170?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aassia&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Studies+on+Alcohol+and+Drugs&rft.atitle=Exposure+of+Children+and+Adolescents+to+Alcohol+Advertising+on+Television+in+Australia&rft.au=Winter%2C+Matthew+V%3BDonovan%2C+Robert+J%3BFielder%2C+Lynda+J&rft.aulast=Winter&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2008-09-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=676&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Studies+on+Alcohol+and+Drugs&rft.issn=19371888&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA) N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-09 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Advertising; Television; Adolescents; Children; Alcohol consumption; Australia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Food Cravings Consume Limited Cognitive Resources AN - 57263872; 200900471 AB - Using Tiffany's (1990) cognitive model of drug use and craving as a theoretical basis, the present experiments investigated whether cravings for food expend limited cognitive resources. Cognitive performance was assessed by simple reaction time (Experiment 1) and an established measure of working memory capacity, the operation span task (Experiment 2). In each experiment, female undergraduate students were randomly assigned to a craving or control condition. Participants in the craving condition abstained from eating chocolate for 24 hours prior to testing and performed the cognitive task in the presence of chocolate, a manipulation that successfully elicited chocolate cravings. In both experiments, there was no main effect of craving condition on cognition, but there was a significant interaction between condition and trait chocolate craving. In support of Tiffany's model, our results show that habitual food cravers direct limited cognitive resources to craving-related cues, at the cost of competing cognitive demands. [Copyright 2008 The American Psychological Association.] JF - Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied AU - Kemps, Eva AU - Tiggemann, Marika AU - Grigg, Megan AD - School of Psychology, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, South Australia 5001 Y1 - 2008/09// PY - 2008 DA - September 2008 SP - 247 EP - 254 PB - American Psychological Association, Washington DC VL - 14 IS - 3 SN - 1076-898X, 1076-898X KW - food cravings, cognitive processing resources, reaction time, working memory capacity KW - Craving KW - Working memory KW - Food KW - Reaction times KW - Chocolate KW - Cognitive processing KW - article UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57263872?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aassia&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Experimental+Psychology%3A+Applied&rft.atitle=Food+Cravings+Consume+Limited+Cognitive+Resources&rft.au=Kemps%2C+Eva%3BTiggemann%2C+Marika%3BGrigg%2C+Megan&rft.aulast=Kemps&rft.aufirst=Eva&rft.date=2008-09-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=247&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Experimental+Psychology%3A+Applied&rft.issn=1076898X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1037%2Fa0012736 LA - English DB - Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA) N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-08 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - CODEN - JEPAAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Craving; Chocolate; Food; Cognitive processing; Reaction times; Working memory DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0012736 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Changing fortunes: analysis of fluctuating policy space for family planning in Kenya AN - 57253234; 200823340 AB - Policies relating to contraceptive services (population, family planning and reproductive health policies) often receive weak or fluctuating levels of commitment from national policy elites in Southern countries, leading to slow policy evolution and undermining implementation. This is true of Kenya, despite the government's early progress in committing to population and reproductive health policies, and its success in implementing them during the 1980s. This key informant study on family planning policy in Kenya found that policy space contacted, and then began to expand, because of shifts in contextual factors, and because of the actions of different actors. Policy space contracted during the mid-1990s in the context of weakening prioritization of reproductive health in national and international policy agendas, undermining access to contraceptive services and contributing to the stalling of the country's fertility rates. However, during the mid-2000s, champions of family planning within the Kenyan Government bureaucracy played an important role in expanding the policy space through both public and hidden advocacy activities. The case study demonstrates that policy space analysis can provide useful insights into the dynamics of routine policy and programme evolution and the challenge of sustaining support for issues even after they have reached the policy agenda. Adapted from the source document. JF - Health Policy and Planning AU - Crichton, Joanna AD - African Population and Health Research Center, PO Box 10787, 00100-GPO, Nairobi, Kenya Tel: +254 20 272 0400/1/2, Fax: +254 20 272 0380 jcrichton@aphrc.org Y1 - 2008/09// PY - 2008 DA - September 2008 SP - 339 EP - 350 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford UK VL - 23 IS - 5 SN - 0268-1080, 0268-1080 KW - Policy analysis, family planning, health policy, contraception KW - Family planning KW - Contraceptive services KW - Kenya KW - Reproductive health KW - Elites KW - article UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57253234?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aassia&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+Policy+and+Planning&rft.atitle=Changing+fortunes%3A+analysis+of+fluctuating+policy+space+for+family+planning+in+Kenya&rft.au=Crichton%2C+Joanna&rft.aulast=Crichton&rft.aufirst=Joanna&rft.date=2008-09-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=339&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+Policy+and+Planning&rft.issn=02681080&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fheapol%2Fczn020 LA - English DB - Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA) N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-21 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - CODEN - HPOPEV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Family planning; Reproductive health; Kenya; Contraceptive services; Elites DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/heapol/czn020 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Values and prejudice: Predictors of attitudes towards Australian Aborigines AN - 57247296; 200823464 AB - This study related prejudice towards Australian Aborigines to value types assessed by the Schwartz Value Survey (SVS), right-wing authoritarianism (RWA), and social dominance orientation (SDO). One hundred and forty-eight students in Adelaide, South Australia, completed a Modern Racism Scale adapted for Australian Aborigines, the SVS, the RWA Scale, and the SDO Scale. We predicted that prejudice would be positively related to the importance of self-enhancement and conservation values from the SVS such as power and security and negatively related to the importance of self-transcendence values such as universalism and benevolence. Relations between the prejudice measures and RWA and SDO were also expected to reflect their degree of overlap with discrete value types from the SVS. These predictions were supported. Results were discussed in relation to the importance of considering how prejudice relates to a person's specific value priorities as well as to more general value variables such as RWA and SDO. Adapted from the source document. JF - Australian Journal of Psychology AU - Feather, N T AU - Mckee, Ian R AD - School of Psychology, Flinders University, GPO 2100, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia norman.feather@flinders.edu.au Y1 - 2008/09// PY - 2008 DA - September 2008 SP - 80 EP - 90 PB - Taylor & Francis, UK VL - 60 IS - 2 SN - 0004-9530, 0004-9530 KW - Values KW - Aborigines KW - Racism KW - Prejudice KW - Attitudes KW - Predictors KW - article UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57247296?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aassia&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+Journal+of+Psychology&rft.atitle=Values+and+prejudice%3A+Predictors+of+attitudes+towards+Australian+Aborigines&rft.au=Feather%2C+N+T%3BMckee%2C+Ian+R&rft.aulast=Feather&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2008-09-01&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=80&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australian+Journal+of+Psychology&rft.issn=00049530&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F00049530701449513 LA - English DB - Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA) N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-09 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - CODEN - ASJPAE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Prejudice; Aborigines; Predictors; Racism; Attitudes; Values DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00049530701449513 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - J. Peter Lesley and the second geological survey of Pennsylvania AN - 50398989; 2009-064165 AB - J. Peter Lesley, an assistant to H. D. Rogers on the First (1836-1842) Pennsylvania Geological Survey and a private collaborator with a close working relationship in the following decade, later broke dramatically with Rogers over the issue of professional recognition. In 1859 Lesley charged Rogers "with the most extensive scientific theft of the present age", i.e. Rogers' lack of recognition to his assistants for their specific ideas incorporated in the 1st Survey's Final Report. As director of the Second Pennsylvania Survey (1874-1889), Lesley pointly used methods at variance with those of Rogers. Where Rogers had amassed draft reports, sketched maps and cross-sections from his assistants for the purpose of publishing a definitive final report, Lesley published reports from each district or project as soon as the material could be assembled and edited. In all, the 2nd Survey produced a record 124 atlases and volumes. This extreme number and the amount of relatively undigested detail, as well as the publishing expense, ultimately led to the demise of the survey. Lesley's health failed before he could finish a final three volume Summary Description of the Geology of Pennsylvania. Personally, in the interval between the two surveys, Lesley evolved from a catastrophist invoking an oceanic deluge for subareal erosion to a uniformitarian. As an ex-minister he nevertheless rejected organic evolution. His principle contribution as a geologist, master topographer, and survey administrator was to uncover with precision the economic mineral resources of Pennsylvania in an age of great industrial expansion. JF - Northeastern Geology and Environmental Sciences AU - Jordan, William M AU - Pierce, Norman A A2 - Jordan, William M. Y1 - 2008/09// PY - 2008 DA - September 2008 SP - 248 EP - 258 PB - Northeastern Science Foundation, Troy, NY VL - 30 IS - 3 SN - 1933-2742, 1933-2742 KW - United States KW - history KW - survey organizations KW - erosion KW - Lesley, J. Peter KW - government agencies KW - surveys KW - geomorphology KW - Pennsylvania KW - mineral resources KW - 15:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50398989?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Northeastern+Geology+and+Environmental+Sciences&rft.atitle=J.+Peter+Lesley+and+the+second+geological+survey+of+Pennsylvania&rft.au=Jordan%2C+William+M%3BPierce%2C+Norman+A&rft.aulast=Jordan&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2008-09-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=248&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Northeastern+Geology+and+Environmental+Sciences&rft.issn=19332742&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 15th annual meeting Geological Society of America; symposium on History of geology in the Northeast N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 44 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - ports. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - erosion; geomorphology; government agencies; history; Lesley, J. Peter; mineral resources; Pennsylvania; survey organizations; surveys; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Yes, Size Matters AN - 215358331 AB - Square footage is one of the most basic tools of real estate. Salespeople often use it as they add listings to the MLS or write advertising copy. However, few real estate practitioners are likely to have questioned a property's square footage as they copied it from the tax records, the developer's floor plan, or the listing in the MLS. Measurement errors, even small ones, can mean thousands of dollars, so it's not surprising that square-footage disputes are making news--and landing some real estate professionals in court. Here, Hampton offers tips on how and where to find a reliable source of data in supplying accurate square footage to clients. JF - Realtor Magazine AU - "Hamp" Thomas, D Hampton, ABR, CRS Y1 - 2008/09// PY - 2008 DA - Sep 2008 SP - 56 CY - Chicago PB - National Association of Realtors VL - 41 IS - 9 SN - 15220842 KW - Real Estate KW - Salespeople KW - Conflict KW - Measurement errors KW - Multiple listing services KW - Real estate KW - Size UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/215358331?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aabitrade&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Realtor+Magazine&rft.atitle=Yes%2C+Size+Matters&rft.au=%22Hamp%22+Thomas%2C+D+Hampton%2C+ABR%2C+CRS&rft.aulast=%22Hamp%22+Thomas&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2008-09-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=56&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Realtor+Magazine&rft.issn=15220842&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Central N1 - Copyright - Copyright National Association of Realtors Sep 2008 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-22 N1 - CODEN - RESTDR ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Finally, a Real Housing Stimulus AN - 215357930 AB - Gaylord mentions the advantages of the new housing stimulus bill, Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008, signed by President Bush on Jul 30. Among the benefits include ensuring the health of the secondary mortgage market agencies, giving current homeowners and future home-buyers access to more affordable financing, and funding local revitalization efforts. JF - Realtor Magazine AU - Gaylord, Richard F, CIPS, CRB, CRS, GRI Y1 - 2008/09// PY - 2008 DA - Sep 2008 SP - 4 CY - Chicago PB - National Association of Realtors VL - 41 IS - 9 SN - 15220842 KW - Real Estate KW - Federal legislation KW - Affordable housing KW - Mortgages KW - Real estate companies KW - United States--US UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/215357930?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aabitrade&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Realtor+Magazine&rft.atitle=Finally%2C+a+Real+Housing+Stimulus&rft.au=Gaylord%2C+Richard+F%2C+CIPS%2C+CRB%2C+CRS%2C+GRI&rft.aulast=Gaylord&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2008-09-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=4&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Realtor+Magazine&rft.issn=15220842&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Central N1 - Copyright - Copyright National Association of Realtors Sep 2008 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-22 N1 - CODEN - RESTDR N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - United States--US ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prevalence and Genetic Characterization of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Isolates from Slaughtered Animals in Bangladesh AN - 21502469; 12494778 AB - To determine the prevalence of Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) in slaughter animals in Dhaka, Bangladesh, we collected rectal contents immediately after animals were slaughtered. Of the samples collected from buffalo (n = 174), cows (n = 139), and goats (n = 110), 82.2%, 72.7%, and 11.8% tested positive for stx1 and/or stx2, respectively. STEC could be isolated from 37.9%, 20.1%, and 10.0% of the buffalo, cows, and goats, respectively. STEC O157 samples were isolated from 14.4% of the buffalo, 7.2% of the cows, and 9.1% of the goats. More than 93% (n = 42) of the STEC O157 isolates were positive for the stx2, eae, katP, etpD, and enterohemorrhagic E. coli hly (hlyEHEC) virulence genes. STEC O157 isolates were characterized by seven recognized phage types, of which types 14 (24.4%) and 31 (24.4%) were predominant. Subtyping of the 45 STEC O157 isolates by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis showed 37 distinct restriction patterns, suggesting a heterogeneous clonal diversity. In addition to STEC O157, 71 STEC non-O157 strains were isolated from 60 stx-positive samples from 23.6% of the buffalo, 12.9% of the cows, and 0.9% of the goats. The STEC non-O157 isolates belonged to 36 different O groups and 52 O:H serotypes. Unlike STEC O157, most of the STEC non-O157 isolates (78.9%) were positive for stx1. Only 7.0% (n = 5) of the isolates were positive for hlyEHEC, and none was positive for eae, katP, and etpD. None of the isolates was positive for the iha, toxB, and efa1 putative adhesion genes. However, 35.2% (n = 25), 11.3% (n = 8), 12.7% (n = 9), and 12.7% (n = 9) of the isolates were positive for the lpfO113, saa, lpfAO157/01-141, and lpfAO157/OI-154 genes, respectively. The results of this study provide the first evidence that slaughtered animals like buffalo, cows, and goats in Bangladesh are reservoirs for STEC, including the potentially virulent STEC strain O157. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Islam, Mohammad A AU - Mondol, Abdus S AU - Boer, Enne de AU - Beumer, Rijkelt R AU - Zwietering, Marcel H AU - Talukder, Kaisar A AU - Heuvelink, Annet E AD - Enteric and Food Microbiology Laboratory, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, GPO Box 128, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh, maislam@icddrb.org Y1 - 2008/09// PY - 2008 DA - Sep 2008 SP - 5414 EP - 5421 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA VL - 74 IS - 17 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Escherichia coli KW - Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis KW - A 01340:Antibiotics & Antimicrobials KW - X 24310:Pharmaceuticals KW - J 02430:Symbiosis, Antibiosis & Phages KW - G 07760:Viruses & Phages UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21502469?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Prevalence+and+Genetic+Characterization+of+Shiga+Toxin-Producing+Escherichia+coli+Isolates+from+Slaughtered+Animals+in+Bangladesh&rft.au=Islam%2C+Mohammad+A%3BMondol%2C+Abdus+S%3BBoer%2C+Enne+de%3BBeumer%2C+Rijkelt+R%3BZwietering%2C+Marcel+H%3BTalukder%2C+Kaisar+A%3BHeuvelink%2C+Annet+E&rft.aulast=Islam&rft.aufirst=Mohammad&rft.date=2008-09-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=17&rft.spage=5414&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAEM.00854-08 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis; Escherichia coli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00854-08 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Right Heart Pressure Increases after Acute Increases in Ambient Particulate Concentration AN - 21403679; 12108134 AB - OBJECTIVES: We explored the association between acute changes in daily mean pulmonary artery (PA) and right ventricular (RV) pressures and concentrations of ambient fine particulate matter [PM with aerodynamic diameter or = 2.5 microm (PM(2.5))] as an explanation for previous associations between congestive heart failure (HF) hospital admissions and PM. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the Chronicle Offers Management to Patients with Advanced Signs and Symptoms of Heart Failure (COMPASS-HF) trial, to see whether management of ambulatory HF could be improved by providing continuous right heart pressure monitoring to physicians, the Chronicle Implantable Hemodynamic Monitor (Medtronic, Inc., Minneapolis, MN, USA) continuously measured multiple right heart hemodynamic parameters, heart rate, and activity trends in subjects with moderate/severe HF. Using these trial data, we calculated daily mean pressures, using only those time intervals where the subject was not physically active (n = 5,807 person-days; n = 11 subjects). We then studied the association between mean daily PA/RV pressures and mean ambient PM(2.5) concentrations on the same day and previous 6 days. RESULTS: Each 11.62-microg/m(3) increase in same-day mean PM(2.5) concentration was associated with small but significant increases in estimated PA diastolic pressure [0.19 mmHg; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.05-0.33] and RV diastolic pressure (0.23 mmHg; 95% CI, 0.11-0.34). Although we saw considerable differences in the magnitude of response by COMPASS-HF randomization group (total data access for physicians vs. blocked clinician access), season, left ventricular ejection fraction, and obesity, these effects were not significantly different. CONCLUSIONS: These pilot study findings provide a potential mechanism for previous findings of increased risk of HF associated with ambient PM. However, because of the small number of subjects, a larger study is needed for confirmation. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Rich, David Q AU - Freudenberger, Ronald S AU - Ohman-Strickland, Pamela AU - Cho, Yong AU - Kipen, Howard M Y1 - 2008/09// PY - 2008 DA - Sep 2008 SP - 1167 EP - 1171 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 9 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - USA KW - USA, Minnesota, Minneapolis KW - heart rate KW - Aerodynamics KW - obesity KW - Particulates KW - Hospitals KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21403679?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Right+Heart+Pressure+Increases+after+Acute+Increases+in+Ambient+Particulate+Concentration&rft.au=Rich%2C+David+Q%3BFreudenberger%2C+Ronald+S%3BOhman-Strickland%2C+Pamela%3BCho%2C+Yong%3BKipen%2C+Howard+M&rft.aulast=Rich&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2008-09-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1167&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - heart rate; Aerodynamics; obesity; Particulates; Hospitals; USA, Minnesota, Minneapolis; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High Temperatures Enhanced Acute Mortality Effects of Ambient Particle Pollution in the "Oven" City of Wuhan, China AN - 21403655; 12108129 AB - BACKGROUND: We investigated whether the effect of air pollution on daily mortality is enhanced by high temperatures in Wuhan, China, using data from 2001 to 2004. Wuhan has been called an "oven" city because of its hot summers. Approximately 4.5 million permanent residents live in the 201-km(2) core area of the city. METHOD: We used a generalized additive model to analyze pollution, mortality, and covariate data. The estimates of the interaction between high temperature and air pollution were obtained from the main effects and pollutant-temperature interaction models. RESULTS: We observed effects of consistently and statistically significant interactions between particulate matter or = 10 microm (PM(10)) and temperature on daily nonaccidental (p = 0.014), cardiovascular (p = 0.007), and cardiopulmonary (p = 0.014) mortality. The PM(10) effects were strongest on extremely high-temperature days (daily average temperature, 33.1 degrees C), less strong on extremely low-temperature days (2.2 degrees C), and weakest on normal-temperature days (18.0 degrees C). The estimates of the mean percentage of change in daily mortality per 10-mug/m(3) increase in PM(10) concentrations at the average of lags 0 and 1 day during hot temperature were 2.20% (95% confidence interval), 0.74-3.68) for nonaccidental, 3.28% (1.24-5.37) for cardiovascular, 2.35% (-0.03 to 4.78) for stroke, 3.31% (-0.22 to 6.97) for cardiac, 1.15% (-3.54% to 6.07) for respiratory, and 3.02% (1.03-5.04) for cardiopulmonary mortality. CONCLUSIONS: We found synergistic effects of PM(10) and high temperatures on daily nonaccidental, cardiovascular, and cardiopulmonary mortality in Wuhan. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Qian, Zhengmin AU - He, Qingci AU - Lin, Hung-Mo AU - Kong, Lingli AU - Bentley, Christy M AU - Liu, Wenshan AU - Zhou, Dunjin Y1 - 2008/09// PY - 2008 DA - Sep 2008 SP - 1172 EP - 1178 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 9 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - China, People's Rep., Hubei Prov., Wuhan KW - Air pollution KW - Mortality KW - stroke KW - Synergistic effects KW - Temperature KW - Pollution effects KW - summer KW - Particulates KW - high temperature KW - Urban areas KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21403655?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=High+Temperatures+Enhanced+Acute+Mortality+Effects+of+Ambient+Particle+Pollution+in+the+%22Oven%22+City+of+Wuhan%2C+China&rft.au=Qian%2C+Zhengmin%3BHe%2C+Qingci%3BLin%2C+Hung-Mo%3BKong%2C+Lingli%3BBentley%2C+Christy+M%3BLiu%2C+Wenshan%3BZhou%2C+Dunjin&rft.aulast=Qian&rft.aufirst=Zhengmin&rft.date=2008-09-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1172&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air pollution; stroke; Mortality; Synergistic effects; Temperature; summer; Pollution effects; Particulates; high temperature; Urban areas; China, People's Rep., Hubei Prov., Wuhan ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Variants in Iron Metabolism Genes Predict Higher Blood Lead Levels in Young Children AN - 21403611; 12108116 AB - BACKGROUND: Given the association between iron deficiency and lead absorption, we hypothesized that variants in iron metabolism genes would predict higher blood lead levels in young children. OBJECTIVE: We examined the association between common missense variants in the hemochromatosis (HFE) and transferrin (TF) genes and blood lead levels in 422 Mexican children. METHODS: Archived umbilical cord blood samples were genotyped for HFE (H63D and C282Y) and TF (P570S) variants. Blood lead was measured at 24, 30, 36, 42, and 48 months of age. A total of 341 subjects had at least one follow-up blood lead level available and data available on covariates of interest for inclusion in the longitudinal analyses. We used random-effects models to examine the associations between genotype (HFE, TF, and combined HFE + TF) and repeated measures of blood lead, adjusting for maternal blood lead at delivery and child's concurrent anemia status. RESULTS: Of 422 children genotyped, 17.7, 3.3, and 18.9% carried the HFE H63D, HFE C282Y, and TF P570S variants, respectively. One percent of children carried both the HFE C282Y and TF P570S variants, and 3% of children carried both the HFE H63D and TF P570S variants. On average, carriers of either the HFE (beta = 0.11, p = 0.04) or TF (beta = 0.10, p = 0.08) variant had blood lead levels that were 11% and 10% higher, respectively, than wild-type subjects. In models examining the dose effect, subjects carrying both variants (beta = 0.41, p = 0.006) had blood lead 50% higher than wild-type subjects and a significantly higher odds of having a blood lead level 10 microg/dL (odds ratio = 18.3; 95% confidence interval, 1.9-177.1). CONCLUSIONS: Iron metabolism gene variants modify lead metabolism such that HFE variants are associated with increased blood lead levels in young children. The joint presence of variant alleles in the HFE and TF genes showed the greatest effect, suggesting a gene-by-gene-by-environment interaction. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Hopkins, Marianne R AU - Ettinger, Adrienne S AU - Hernandez-Avila, Mauricio AU - Schwartz, Joel AU - Tellez-Rojo, Martha Maria AU - Lamadrid-Figueroa, Hector AU - Bellinger, David AU - Hu, Howard AU - Wright, Robert O Y1 - 2008/09// PY - 2008 DA - Sep 2008 SP - 1261 EP - 1266 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 9 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Age KW - anemia KW - Absorption KW - Genotypes KW - Children KW - Iron KW - Metabolism KW - Lead KW - Blood levels KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21403611?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Variants+in+Iron+Metabolism+Genes+Predict+Higher+Blood+Lead+Levels+in+Young+Children&rft.au=Hopkins%2C+Marianne+R%3BEttinger%2C+Adrienne+S%3BHernandez-Avila%2C+Mauricio%3BSchwartz%2C+Joel%3BTellez-Rojo%2C+Martha+Maria%3BLamadrid-Figueroa%2C+Hector%3BBellinger%2C+David%3BHu%2C+Howard%3BWright%2C+Robert+O&rft.aulast=Hopkins&rft.aufirst=Marianne&rft.date=2008-09-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1261&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Age; anemia; Absorption; Genotypes; Children; Iron; Lead; Metabolism; Blood levels ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Oridonin Confers Protection against Arsenic-Induced Toxicity through Activation of the Nrf2-Mediated Defensive Response AN - 21401897; 12108135 AB - BACKGROUND: Groundwater contaminated with arsenic imposes a big challenge to human health worldwide. Using natural compounds to subvert the detrimental effects of arsenic represents an attractive strategy. The transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a critical regulator of the cellular antioxidant response and xenobiotic metabolism. Recently, activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway has been reported to confer protection against arsenic-induced toxicity in a cell culture model. OBJECTIVES: The goal of the present work was to identify a potent Nrf2 activator from plants as a chemopreventive compound and to demonstrate the efficacy of the compound in battling arsenic-induced toxicity. RESULTS: Oridonin activated the Nrf2 signaling pathway at a low subtoxic dose and was able to stabilize Nrf2 by blocking Nrf2 ubiquitination and degradation, leading to accumulation of the Nrf2 protein and activation of the Nrf2-dependent cytoprotective response. Pretreatment of UROtsa cells with 1.4 muM oridonin significantly enhanced the cellular redox capacity, reduced formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and improved cell survival after arsenic challenge. CONCLUSIONS: We identified oridonin as representing a novel class of Nrf2 activators and illustrated the mechanism by which the Nrf2 pathway is activated. Furthermore, we demonstrated the feasibility of using natural compounds targeting Nrf2 as a therapeutic approach to protect humans from various environmental insults that may occur daily. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Du, Yu AU - Villaneuva, Nicole F AU - Wang, Xiao-Jun AU - Sun, Zheng AU - Chen, Weimin AU - Li, Jixue AU - Lou, Hongxiang AU - Wong, Pak Kin AU - Zhang, Donna D Y1 - 2008/09// PY - 2008 DA - Sep 2008 SP - 1154 EP - 1161 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 9 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Feasibility studies KW - Oxygen KW - Arsenic KW - Antioxidants KW - Proteins KW - Toxicity KW - Groundwater KW - survival KW - Metabolism KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21401897?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Oridonin+Confers+Protection+against+Arsenic-Induced+Toxicity+through+Activation+of+the+Nrf2-Mediated+Defensive+Response&rft.au=Du%2C+Yu%3BVillaneuva%2C+Nicole+F%3BWang%2C+Xiao-Jun%3BSun%2C+Zheng%3BChen%2C+Weimin%3BLi%2C+Jixue%3BLou%2C+Hongxiang%3BWong%2C+Pak+Kin%3BZhang%2C+Donna+D&rft.aulast=Du&rft.aufirst=Yu&rft.date=2008-09-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1154&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Feasibility studies; Oxygen; Arsenic; Antioxidants; Proteins; Toxicity; survival; Groundwater; Metabolism ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Public Health and Air Pollution in Asia (PAPA): A Multicity Study of Short-Term Effects of Air Pollution on Mortality AN - 21401878; 12108128 AB - BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Although the deleterious effects of air pollution from fossil fuel combustion have been demonstrated in many Western nations, fewer studies have been conducted in Asia. The Public Health and Air Pollution in Asia (PAPA) project assessed the effects of short-term exposure to air pollution on daily mortality in Bangkok, Thailand, and in three cities in China: Hong Kong, Shanghai, and Wuhan. METHODS: Poisson regression models incorporating natural spline smoothing functions were used to adjust for seasonality and other time-varying covariates that might confound the association between air pollution and mortality. Effect estimates were determined for each city and then for the cities combined using a random effects method. RESULTS: In individual cities, associations were detected between most of the pollutants [nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, particulate matter or = 10 microm in aerodynamic diameter (PM(10)), and ozone] and most health outcomes under study (i.e., all natural-cause, cardiovascular, and respiratory mortality). The city-combined effects of the four pollutants tended to be equal or greater than those identified in studies conducted in Western industrial nations. In addition, residents of Asian cities are likely to have higher exposures to air pollution than those in Western industrial nations because they spend more time outdoors and less time in air conditioning. CONCLUSIONS: Although the social and environmental conditions may be quite different, it is reasonable to apply estimates derived from previous health effect of air pollution studies in the West to Asia. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Wong, Chit-Ming AU - Vichit-Vadakan, Nuntavarn AU - Kan, Haidong AU - Qian, Zhegmin Y1 - 2008/09// PY - 2008 DA - Sep 2008 SP - 1195 EP - 1202 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 9 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Mortality KW - Fossil fuels KW - Air conditioning KW - Pollution effects KW - Thailand, Chacoengsao Prov., Bangkok KW - Particulates KW - Combustion KW - Public health KW - China, People's Rep., Hubei Prov., Wuhan KW - Nitrogen dioxide KW - Air pollution KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - Aerodynamics KW - China, People's Rep., Shanghai KW - Environmental conditions KW - Seasonal variations KW - China, People's Rep., Hong Kong KW - Ozone KW - Urban areas KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21401878?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Public+Health+and+Air+Pollution+in+Asia+%28PAPA%29%3A+A+Multicity+Study+of+Short-Term+Effects+of+Air+Pollution+on+Mortality&rft.au=Wong%2C+Chit-Ming%3BVichit-Vadakan%2C+Nuntavarn%3BKan%2C+Haidong%3BQian%2C+Zhegmin&rft.aulast=Wong&rft.aufirst=Chit-Ming&rft.date=2008-09-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1195&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mortality; Fossil fuels; Air conditioning; Pollution effects; Particulates; Public health; Combustion; Air pollution; Nitrogen dioxide; Sulfur dioxide; Aerodynamics; Environmental conditions; Seasonal variations; Urban areas; Ozone; China, People's Rep., Hubei Prov., Wuhan; Thailand, Chacoengsao Prov., Bangkok; China, People's Rep., Shanghai; China, People's Rep., Hong Kong ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Raw Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes Induce Oxidative Stress and Activate MAPKs, AP-1, NF-[kappa]B, and Akt in Normal and Malignant Human Mesothelial Cells AN - 21401828; 12108048 AB - BACKGROUND: Single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), with their unique physicochemical and mechanical properties, have many potential new applications in medicine and industry. There has been great concern subsequent to preliminary investigations of the toxicity, biopersistence, pathogenicity, and ability of SWCNTs to translocate to subpleural areas. These results compel studies of potential interactions of SWCNTs with mesothelial cells. OBJECTIVE: Exposure to asbestos is the primary cause of malignant mesothelioma in 80-90% of individuals who develop the disease. Because the mesothelial cells are the primary target cells of asbestos-induced molecular changes mediated through an oxidant-linked mechanism, we used normal mesothelial and malignant mesothelial cells to investigate alterations in molecular signaling in response to a commercially manufactured SWCNT. METHODS: In the present study, we exposed mesothelial cells to SWCNTs and investigated reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, cell viability, DNA damage, histone H2AX phosphorylation, activation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1), stimulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERKs), Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs), protein p38, and activation of activator protein-1 (AP-1), nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB), and protein serine-threonine kinase (Akt). RESULTS: Exposure to SWCNTs induced ROS generation, increased cell death, enhanced DNA damage and H2AX phosphorylation, and activated PARP, AP-1, NF-kappaB, p38, and Akt in a dose-dependent manner. These events recapitulate some of the key molecular events involved in mesothelioma development associated with asbestos exposure. CONCLUSIONS: The cellular and molecular findings reported here do suggest that SWCNTs can cause potentially adverse cellular responses in mesothelial cells through activation of molecular signaling associated with oxidative stress, which is of sufficient significance to warrant in vivo animal exposure studies. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Pacurari, Maricica AU - Yin, Xuejun J AU - Zhao, Jinshun AU - Ding, Ming AU - Leonard, Steve S AU - Schwegler-Berry, Diane AU - Ducatman, Barbara S AU - Sbarra, Deborah AU - Hoover, Mark D AU - Castranova, Vincent AU - Vallyathan, Val Y1 - 2008/09// PY - 2008 DA - Sep 2008 SP - 1211 EP - 1217 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 9 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Mortality KW - Asbestos KW - Physicochemical properties KW - DNA KW - mesothelioma KW - Proteins KW - Toxicity KW - oxidative stress KW - nanotechnology KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21401828?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Raw+Single-Wall+Carbon+Nanotubes+Induce+Oxidative+Stress+and+Activate+MAPKs%2C+AP-1%2C+NF-%5Bkappa%5DB%2C+and+Akt+in+Normal+and+Malignant+Human+Mesothelial+Cells&rft.au=Pacurari%2C+Maricica%3BYin%2C+Xuejun+J%3BZhao%2C+Jinshun%3BDing%2C+Ming%3BLeonard%2C+Steve+S%3BSchwegler-Berry%2C+Diane%3BDucatman%2C+Barbara+S%3BSbarra%2C+Deborah%3BHoover%2C+Mark+D%3BCastranova%2C+Vincent%3BVallyathan%2C+Val&rft.aulast=Pacurari&rft.aufirst=Maricica&rft.date=2008-09-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1211&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mortality; Asbestos; Physicochemical properties; DNA; Proteins; mesothelioma; Toxicity; oxidative stress; nanotechnology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Gene and Protein Expression following Exposure to Radiofrequency Fields from Mobile Phones AN - 21400836; 12108138 AB - BACKGROUND: Since 1999, several articles have been published on genome-wide and/or proteome-wide response after exposure to radiofrequency (RF) fields whose signal and intensities were similar to or typical of those of currently used mobile telephones. These studies were performed using powerful high-throughput screening techniques (HTSTs) of transcriptomics and/or proteomics, which allow for the simultaneous screening of the expression of thousands of genes or proteins. OBJECTIVES: We reviewed these HTST-based studies and compared the results with currently accepted concepts about the effects of RF fields on gene expression. In this article we also discuss these last in light of the recent concept of microwave-assisted chemistry. DISCUSSION: To date, the results of HTST-based studies of transcriptomics and/or proteomics after exposure to RF fields relevant to human exposure are still inconclusive, as most of the positive reports are flawed by methodologic imperfections or shortcomings. In addition, when positive findings were reported, no precise response pattern could be identified in a reproducible way. In particular, results from HTST studies tend to exclude the role of a cell stressor for exposure to RF fields at nonthermal intensities. However, on the basis of lessons from microwave-assisted chemistry, we can assume that RF fields might affect heat-sensitive gene or protein expression to an extent larger than would be predicted from temperature change only. But in all likelihood, this would concern intensities higher than those relevant to usual human exposure. CONCLUSIONS: The precise role of transcriptomics and proteomics in the screening of bioeffects from exposure to RF fields from mobile phones is still uncertain in view of the lack of positively identified phenotypic change and the lack of theoretical, as well as experimental, arguments for specific gene and/or protein response patterns after this kind of exposure. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Vanderstraeten, Jacques AU - Verschaeve, Luc Y1 - 2008/09// PY - 2008 DA - Sep 2008 SP - 1131 EP - 1135 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 9 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - cellular telephones KW - Reviews KW - Temperature KW - Proteins KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21400836?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Gene+and+Protein+Expression+following+Exposure+to+Radiofrequency+Fields+from+Mobile+Phones&rft.au=Vanderstraeten%2C+Jacques%3BVerschaeve%2C+Luc&rft.aulast=Vanderstraeten&rft.aufirst=Jacques&rft.date=2008-09-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cellular telephones; Reviews; Temperature; Proteins ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fluoride Induces Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Inhibits Protein Synthesis and Secretion AN - 21400703; 12108136 AB - BACKGROUND: Exposure to excessive amounts of fluoride (F(-)) causes dental fluorosis in susceptible individuals; however, the mechanism of F(-)-induced toxicity is unclear. Previously, we have shown that high-dose F(-) activates the unfolded protein response (UPR) in ameloblasts that are responsible for dental enamel formation. The UPR is a signaling pathway responsible for either alleviating endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress or for inducing apoptosis of the stressed cells. OBJECTIVES: In this study we determined if low-dose F(-) causes ER stress and activates the UPR, and we also determined whether F(-) interferes with the secretion of proteins from the ER. METHODS: We stably transfected the ameloblast-derived LS8 cell line with secreted alkaline phosphatase (SEAP) and determined activity and localization of SEAP and F(-)-mediated induction of UPR proteins. Also, incisors from mice given drinking water containing various concentrations of F(-) were examined for eucaryotic initiation factor-2, subunit alpha (eIF2alpha) phosphorylation. RESULTS: We found that F(-) decreases the extracellular secretion of SEAP in a linear, dose-dependent manner. We also found a corresponding increase in the intracellular accumulation of SEAP after exposure to F(-). These changes are associated with the induction of UPR proteins such as the molecular chaperone BiP and phosphorylation of the UPR sensor PKR-like ER kinase, and its substrate, eIF2alpha. Importantly, F(-)-induced phosphorylation of eIF2alphawas confirmed in vivo. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that F(-) initiates an ER stress response in ameloblasts that interferes with protein synthesis and secretion. Consequently, ameloblast function during enamel development may be impaired, and this may culminate in dental fluorosis. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Sharma, Ramaswamy AU - Tsuchiya, Masahiro AU - Bartlett, John D Y1 - 2008/09// PY - 2008 DA - Sep 2008 SP - 1142 EP - 1146 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 9 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - protein synthesis KW - Sensors KW - Fluoride KW - Stress KW - Proteins KW - Mice KW - Toxicity KW - Drinking water KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21400703?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Fluoride+Induces+Endoplasmic+Reticulum+Stress+and+Inhibits+Protein+Synthesis+and+Secretion&rft.au=Sharma%2C+Ramaswamy%3BTsuchiya%2C+Masahiro%3BBartlett%2C+John+D&rft.aulast=Sharma&rft.aufirst=Ramaswamy&rft.date=2008-09-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1142&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - protein synthesis; Sensors; Fluoride; Proteins; Stress; Mice; Toxicity; Drinking water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enduring Mental Health Morbidity and Social Function Impairment in World Trade Center Rescue, Recovery, and Cleanup Workers: The Psychological Dimension of an Environmental Health Disaster AN - 21400675; 12108114 AB - BACKGROUND: The World Trade Center (WTC) attacks exposed thousands of workers to hazardous environmental conditions and psychological trauma. In 2002, to assess the health of these workers, Congress directed the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health to establish the WTC Medical Monitoring and Treatment Program. This program has established a large cohort of WTC rescue, recovery, and cleanup workers. We previously documented extensive pulmonary dysfunction in this cohort related to toxic environmental exposures. OBJECTIVES: Our objective in this study was to describe mental health outcomes, social function impairment, and psychiatric comorbidity in the WTC worker cohort, as well as perceived symptomatology in workers' children. METHODS: Ten to 61 months after the WTC attack, 10,132 WTC workers completed a self-administered mental health questionnaire. RESULTS: Of the workers who completd the questionnaire, 11.1% met criteria for probable post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), 8.8% met criteria for probable depression, 5.0% met criteria for probable panic disorder, and 62% met criteria for substantial stress reaction. PTSD prevalence was comparable to that seen in returning Afghanistan war veterans and was much higher than in the U.S. general population. Point prevalence declined from 13.5% to 9.7% over the 5 years of observation. Comorbidity was extensive and included extremely high risks for impairment of social function. PTSD was significantly associated with loss of family members and friends, disruption of family, work, and social life, and higher rates of behavioral symptoms in children of workers. CONCLUSIONS: Working in 9/11 recovery operations is associated with chronic impairment of mental health and social functioning. Psychological distress and psychopathology in WTC workers greatly exceed population norms. Surveillance and treatment programs continue to be needed. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Stellman, Jeanne Mager AU - Smith, Rebecca P AU - Katz, Craig L AU - Sharma, Vansh AU - Charney, Dennis S AU - Herbert, Robin AU - Moline, Jacqueline AU - Luft, Benjamin J AU - Markowitz, Steven AU - Udasin, Iris AU - Harrison, Denise AU - Baron, Sherry AU - Landrigan, Philip J AU - Levin, Stephen M AU - Southwick, Steven Y1 - 2008/09// PY - 2008 DA - Sep 2008 SP - 1248 EP - 1253 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 9 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - USA KW - posttraumatic stress disorder KW - Psychology KW - Perception KW - Congress KW - Environmental health KW - Afghanistan KW - Children KW - mental disorders KW - Morbidity KW - war KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21400675?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Enduring+Mental+Health+Morbidity+and+Social+Function+Impairment+in+World+Trade+Center+Rescue%2C+Recovery%2C+and+Cleanup+Workers%3A+The+Psychological+Dimension+of+an+Environmental+Health+Disaster&rft.au=Stellman%2C+Jeanne+Mager%3BSmith%2C+Rebecca+P%3BKatz%2C+Craig+L%3BSharma%2C+Vansh%3BCharney%2C+Dennis+S%3BHerbert%2C+Robin%3BMoline%2C+Jacqueline%3BLuft%2C+Benjamin+J%3BMarkowitz%2C+Steven%3BUdasin%2C+Iris%3BHarrison%2C+Denise%3BBaron%2C+Sherry%3BLandrigan%2C+Philip+J%3BLevin%2C+Stephen+M%3BSouthwick%2C+Steven&rft.aulast=Stellman&rft.aufirst=Jeanne&rft.date=2008-09-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1248&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - posttraumatic stress disorder; Perception; Psychology; Congress; Environmental health; Children; mental disorders; war; Morbidity; USA; Afghanistan ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Effect of Supplementation with Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Markers of Oxidative Stress in Elderly Exposed to PMsub 2.5 AN - 21400582; 12108123 AB - BACKGROUND: The mechanisms of particulate matter (PM)-induced health effects are believed to involve inflammation and oxidative stress. Increased intake of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) appears to have anti-inflammatory effects. OBJECTIVE: As part of a trial to evaluate whether n-3 PUFA supplementation could protect against the cardiac alterations linked to PM exposure, we measured biomarkers of response to oxidative stimuli [copper/zinc (Cu/Zn) superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, lipoperoxidation (LPO) products, and reduced glutathione (GSH)] and evaluated the impact of supplementation on plasma levels. METHODS: We recruited residents from a nursing home in Mexico City chronically exposed to PM or = 2.5 microm in aerodynamic diameter (PM(2.5)) and followed them from 26 September 2001 to 10 April 2002. We randomly assigned subjects in a double-blind fashion to receive either fish oil (n-3 PUFA) or soy oil. We measured PM(2.5) levels indoors at the nursing home, and measured Cu/Zn SOD activity, LPO products, and GSH at different times during presupplementation and supplementation phases. RESULTS: Supplementation with either fish or soy oil was related to an increase of Cu/Zn SOD activity and an increase in GSH plasma levels, whereas exposure to indoor PM(2.5) levels was related to a decrease in Cu/Zn SOD activity and GSH plasma levels. CONCLUSION: Supplementation with n-3 PUFA appeared to modulate the adverse effects of PM(2.5) on these biomarkers, particularly in the fish oil group. Supplementation with n-3 PUFA could modulate oxidative response to PM(2.5) exposure. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Romieu, Isabelle AU - Garcia-Esteban, Raquel AU - Sunyer, Jordi AU - Rios, Camilo AU - Alcaraz-Zubeldia, Mireya AU - Velasco, Silvia Ruiz AU - Holguin, Fernando Y1 - 2008/09// PY - 2008 DA - Sep 2008 SP - 1237 EP - 1242 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 9 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Environment Abstracts KW - Bioindicators KW - Heavy metals KW - Mexico, Distrito Federal, Mexico City KW - Particulates KW - Copper KW - Biomarkers KW - Suspended particulate matter KW - polyunsaturated fatty acids KW - Toxicity tests KW - Environmental factors KW - oxidative stress KW - Fish oils KW - Ecosystem disturbance KW - Oil KW - Zinc KW - Polyunsaturated fatty acids KW - Fish KW - Pollution indicators KW - Side effects KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21400582?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+Effect+of+Supplementation+with+Omega-3+Polyunsaturated+Fatty+Acids+on+Markers+of+Oxidative+Stress+in+Elderly+Exposed+to+PMsub+2.5&rft.au=Romieu%2C+Isabelle%3BGarcia-Esteban%2C+Raquel%3BSunyer%2C+Jordi%3BRios%2C+Camilo%3BAlcaraz-Zubeldia%2C+Mireya%3BVelasco%2C+Silvia+Ruiz%3BHolguin%2C+Fernando&rft.aulast=Romieu&rft.aufirst=Isabelle&rft.date=2008-09-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1237&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Heavy metals; Polyunsaturated fatty acids; Suspended particulate matter; Biomarkers; Environmental factors; Pollution indicators; Toxicity tests; Ecosystem disturbance; Fish oils; Bioindicators; Oil; Zinc; Fish; Copper; Particulates; polyunsaturated fatty acids; Side effects; oxidative stress; Mexico, Distrito Federal, Mexico City ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In Vitro Biologic Activities of the Antimicrobials Triclocarban, Its Analogs, and Triclosan in Bioassay Screens: Receptor-Based Bioassay Screens AN - 21392940; 12108127 AB - BACKGROUND: Concerns have been raised about the biological and toxicologic effects of the antimicrobials triclocarban (TCC) and triclosan (TCS) in personal care products. Few studies have evaluated their biological activities in mammalian cells to assess their potential for adverse effects. OBJECTIVES: In this study, we assessed the activity of TCC, its analogs, and TCS in in vitro nuclear-receptor-responsive and calcium signaling bioassays. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We determined the biological activities of the compounds in in vitro, cell-based, and nuclear-receptor-responsive bioassays for receptors for aryl hydrocarbon (AhR), estrogen (ER), androgen (AR), and ryanodine (RyR1). RESULTS: Some carbanilide compounds, including TCC (1-10 muM), enhanced estradiol (E(2))-dependent or testosterone-dependent activation of ER- and AR-responsive gene expression up to 2.5-fold but exhibited little or no agonistic activity alone. Some carbanilides and TCS exhibited weak agonistic and/or antagonistic activity in the AhR-responsive bioassay. TCS exhibited antagonistic activity in both ER- and AR-responsive bioassays. TCS (0.1-10 muM) significantly enhanced the binding of [(3)H]ryanodine to RyR1 and caused elevation of resting cytosolic [Ca(2+)] in primary skeletal myotubes, but carbanilides had no effect. CONCLUSIONS: Carbanilides, including TCC, enhanced hormone-dependent induction of ER- and AR-dependent gene expression but had little agonist activity, suggesting a new mechanism of action of endocrine-disrupting compounds. TCS, structurally similar to noncoplanar ortho-substituted poly-chlorinated biphenyls, exhibited weak AhR activity but interacted with RyR1 and stimulated Ca(2+) mobilization. These observations have potential implications for human and animal health. Further investigations are needed into the biological and toxicologic effects of TCC, its analogs, and TCS. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Ahn, Ki Chang AU - Zhao, Bin AU - Chen, Jiangang AU - Cherednichenko, Gennady AU - Sanmarti, Enio AU - Denison, Michael S AU - Lasley, Bill AU - Pessah, Isaac N AU - Kueltz, Dietmar AU - Chang, Daniel P Y AU - Gee, Shirley J AU - Hammock, Bruce D Y1 - 2008/09// PY - 2008 DA - Sep 2008 SP - 1203 EP - 1210 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 116 IS - 9 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Bioassays KW - Calcium KW - Consumer products KW - endocrine disruptors KW - antimicrobial agents KW - Side effects KW - estrogens KW - ENA 21:Wildlife UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21392940?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=In+Vitro+Biologic+Activities+of+the+Antimicrobials+Triclocarban%2C+Its+Analogs%2C+and+Triclosan+in+Bioassay+Screens%3A+Receptor-Based+Bioassay+Screens&rft.au=Ahn%2C+Ki+Chang%3BZhao%2C+Bin%3BChen%2C+Jiangang%3BCherednichenko%2C+Gennady%3BSanmarti%2C+Enio%3BDenison%2C+Michael+S%3BLasley%2C+Bill%3BPessah%2C+Isaac+N%3BKueltz%2C+Dietmar%3BChang%2C+Daniel+P+Y%3BGee%2C+Shirley+J%3BHammock%2C+Bruce+D&rft.aulast=Ahn&rft.aufirst=Ki&rft.date=2008-09-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1203&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Calcium; Bioassays; Consumer products; endocrine disruptors; Side effects; antimicrobial agents; estrogens ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Temporal, Multicity Model to Estimate the Effects of Short-Term Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution on Health AN - 21389887; 12108139 AB - BACKGROUND: Countries worldwide are expending significant resources to improve air quality partly to improve the health of their citizens. Are these societal expenditures improving public health? OBJECTIVES: We consider these issues by tracking the risk of death associated with