TY  - BOOK
T1  - Understanding China's Political System
AN  - 58843545; 2010-476746
AB  - Three main actors co-exist with the Communist Party at the top of China's political system: the state government bureaucracy; the People's Liberation Army, and the National People's Congress. Other political actors include provincial and local officials; a growing body of official and quasi-official policy research groups and think tanks; a collection of state sector, multinational, and even private business interests exerting pressure on policy decisions; a vigorous academic and university community; a diverse media that informs public opinion; and an increasingly vocal and better-informed citizenry that are demanding more transparency and accountability from government. Tables, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 31 2009, 24 pp.
AU  - Dumbaugh, Kerry
AU  - Martin, Michael F
Y1  - 2009/12/31/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Dec 31
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Public opinion
KW  - Bureaucracy
KW  - Army
KW  - State government
KW  - Communist parties
KW  - China (People's Republic)
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R41007_20091231.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-04-07
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R41007
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The Federal Budget: Current and Upcoming Issues
AN  - 58836362; 2010-476747
AB  - The federal budget helps implement Congress's "power of the purse" by expressing Congress's spending priorities among competing aims. As detailed in this discussion of the FY2010 budget, the Obama Administration's budget described several important changes, including increased funding for certain domestic priorities, major programmatic reforms, and proposed spending cuts in some programs. Tables, Figures, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 31 2009, 30 pp.
AU  - Austin, D Andrew
AU  - Levit, Mindy R
Y1  - 2009/12/31/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Dec 31
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - United States
KW  - Appropriations and expenditures
KW  - Budget
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58836362?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Austin%2C+D+Andrew%3BLevit%2C+Mindy+R&rft.aulast=Austin&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2009-12-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+Federal+Budget%3A+Current+and+Upcoming+Issues&rft.title=The+Federal+Budget%3A+Current+and+Upcoming+Issues&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40088_20091231.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-04-07
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40088
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Security Classification Policy and Procedure: E.O. 12958, as Amended
AN  - 1641843160; 2011-760645
AB  - Largely prescribed in a series of successive presidential executive orders issued over the past 50 years, security classification policy and procedure provide the rationale and arrangements for designating information officially secret for reasons of national security, and for its declassification as well. Current security classification policy may be found in Executive Order 12958, which was signed by President William Clinton on April 17, 1995. President Obama signed an executive order on December 29, 2009, that revoked E.O. 12958 and "prescribes a uniform system for classifying, safeguarding, and declassifying national security information.". Tables.
JF  - Federation of American Scientists, Dec 31 2009, 12 pp.
AU  - Kosar, Kevin R
Y1  - 2009/12/31/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Dec 31
PB  - Federation of American Scientists
KW  - Education and education policy - Statistics, research, research methods, and research support
KW  - Government - Executive power
KW  - Government - Public officials
KW  - Military and defense policy - National defense
KW  - Obama, Barack
KW  - Presidents
KW  - Classification
KW  - Executive orders
KW  - National defense
KW  - book
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L2  - http://fas.org/sgp/crs/secrecy/R40713.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2015-01-01
N1  - Publication note - Federation of American Scientists, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - Congressional Research Service Report no. 97-771
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Guantanamo Detention Center: Legislative Activity in the 111th Congress
AN  - 58846035; 2010-476750
AB  - The detention of alleged enemy combatants at the US Naval Station in Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, together with recent proposals to transfer some such individuals to the US for prosecution or continued detention, has been a subject of considerable interest for Congress. Several authorization and appropriations measures enacted during the 111th Congress, and various pending bills, address the disposition and treatment of Guantanamo detainees; and this report analyzes relevant provisions in enacted legislation and selected pending bills. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 30 2009, 13 pp.
AU  - Henning, Anna C
Y1  - 2009/12/30/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Dec 30
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Administration of justice - Prisoners and correctional facilities and personnel
KW  - International relations - International relations
KW  - International relations
KW  - United States
KW  - Cuba
KW  - Prisoners
KW  - Legislation
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40754_20091230.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-04-07
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40754
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Terrorist Watchlist Checks and Air Passenger Prescreening
AN  - 58842533; 2010-476748
AB  - Ongoing controversy surrounding US air passenger prescreening and terrorist watchlist checks was exacerbated on Christmas Day 2009, when an air passenger attempted to ignite an explosive device on a Detroit-bound flight from Amsterdam. Although US counterterrorism officials reportedly had created a record on the air passenger in the Terrorist Identities Datamart Environment (TIDE), which is maintained at the National Counterterrorism Center (NCTC), it does not appear that the NCTC ever nominated him for entry into the US government's consolidated Terrorist Screening Database, which is maintained at the Terrorist Screening Center. Tables, Figures, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 30 2009, 30 pp.
AU  - Krouse, William J
AU  - Elias, Bart
Y1  - 2009/12/30/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Dec 30
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - International relations - International relations
KW  - International relations
KW  - United States
KW  - Counterterrorism
KW  - Terrorists
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL33645_20091230.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-04-07
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL33645
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Desalination: Status and Federal Issues
AN  - 58841216; 2010-476749
AB  - In the US, desalination is increasingly investigated as an option for meeting municipal water demands, particularly for coastal communities that can desalinate seawater or estuarine water, interior communities above brackish groundwater aquifers, and communities with contaminated water supplies. Adoption of desalination, however, remains constrained by financial, environmental, regulatory, and other factors. At issue is what role Congress establishes for the federal government in desalination research and development, and in construction and operational costs of desalination demonstration projects and full-scale facilities. Tables, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 30 2009, 10 pp.
AU  - Carter, Nicole T
Y1  - 2009/12/30/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Dec 30
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - Cost
KW  - United States
KW  - Federal government
KW  - Desalination
KW  - Regulation
KW  - Water
KW  - Water supply
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58841216?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Carter%2C+Nicole+T&rft.aulast=Carter&rft.aufirst=Nicole&rft.date=2009-12-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Desalination%3A+Status+and+Federal+Issues&rft.title=Desalination%3A+Status+and+Federal+Issues&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40477_20091230.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-04-07
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40477
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Congressional Review Act: Rules Not Submitted to GAO and Congress
AN  - 742959162; 2010-551197
AB  - The Congressional Review Act (CRA) was enacted to improve congressional authority over agency rulemaking and requires federal agencies to submit all of their final rules to both houses of Congress and the Government Accountability Office (GAO) before they can take effect. GAO periodically compares the list of rules that are submitted to it with the rules that are published in the Federal Register to determine whether any covered rules have not been submitted. Tables, Figures, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 29 2009, 29 pp.
AU  - Copeland, Curtis W
Y1  - 2009/12/29/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Dec 29
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Government - Public officials
KW  - Politics - Politics and policy-making
KW  - United States
KW  - Legislators
KW  - Authority
KW  - Government and politics
KW  - Political power
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/742959162?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Copeland%2C+Curtis+W&rft.aulast=Copeland&rft.aufirst=Curtis&rft.date=2009-12-29&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Congressional+Review+Act%3A+Rules+Not+Submitted+to+GAO+and+Congress&rft.title=Congressional+Review+Act%3A+Rules+Not+Submitted+to+GAO+and+Congress&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40997_20091229.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-07-12
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40997
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Amendments to the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA) Set to Expire February 28, 2010
AN  - 742958299; 2010-551198
AB  - Three amendments to the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA) are set to expire (sunset) on February 28, 2010. S. 1692, a bill reported favorably by the Senate Judiciary Committee with an amendment in the nature of a substitute, would extend the sunset date by four years and make various modifications to existing authorities. The three sunsetting amendments expanded the scope of federal intelligence-gathering authority following the 9/11 terrorist attacks. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 23 2009, 15 pp.
AU  - Henning, Anna C
AU  - Liu, Edward C
Y1  - 2009/12/23/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Dec 23
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Psychology
KW  - Education and education policy - Educational psychology and learning ability
KW  - United States
KW  - Intelligence
KW  - Authority
KW  - Judiciary
KW  - Surveillance
KW  - Terrorists
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/742958299?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Henning%2C+Anna+C%3BLiu%2C+Edward+C&rft.aulast=Henning&rft.aufirst=Anna&rft.date=2009-12-23&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Amendments+to+the+Foreign+Intelligence+Surveillance+Act+%28FISA%29+Set+to+Expire+February+28%2C+2010&rft.title=Amendments+to+the+Foreign+Intelligence+Surveillance+Act+%28FISA%29+Set+to+Expire+February+28%2C+2010&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40138_20091223.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-07-12
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40138
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Generalized Concentration Addition Predicts Joint Effects of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Agonists with Partial Agonists and Competitive Antagonists
AN  - 744719674; 13074859
AB  - Predicting the expected outcome of a combination exposure is critical to risk assessment. The toxic equivalency factor (TEF) approach used for analyzing joint effects of dioxin-like chemicals is a special case of the method of concentration addition. However, the TEF method assumes that individual agents are full aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonists with parallel dose-response curves, whereas many mixtures include partial agonists. We assessed the ability of generalized concentration addition (GCA) to predict effects of combinations of full AhR agonists with partial agonists or competitive antagonists. We measured activation of AhR-dependent gene expression in H1G1.1c3 cells after application of binary combinations of AhR ligands. A full agonist (2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin or 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran) was combined with either a full agonist (3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl), a partial agonist (2,3,3',4,4'-pentachlorobiphenyl or galangin), or an antagonist (3,3'-diindolylmethane). Combination effects were modeled by the TEF and GCA approaches, and goodness of fit of the modeled response surface to the experimental data was assessed using a nonparametric statistical test. The GCA and TEF models fit the experimental data equally well for a mixture of two full agonists. In all other cases, GCA fit the experimental data significantly better than the TEF model. The TEF model overpredicts effects of AhR ligands at the highest concentration combinations. At lower concentrations, the difference between GCA and TEF approaches depends on the efficacy of the partial agonist. GCA represents a more accurate definition of additivity for mixtures that include partial agonist or competitive antagonist ligands.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Howard, Gregory J
AU  - Schlezinger, Jennifer J
AU  - Hahn, Mark E
AU  - Webster, Thomas F
AD  - Environmental Health Department, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Y1  - 2009/12/22/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Dec 22
SP  - 666
EP  - 672
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 118
IS  - 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - additivity
KW  - AhR
KW  - aryl hydrocarbon receptor
KW  - concentration addition
KW  - interaction
KW  - mixtures
KW  - TEF
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Chemicals
KW  - Dose-response effects
KW  - Dioxins
KW  - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Generalized+Concentration+Addition+Predicts+Joint+Effects+of+Aryl+Hydrocarbon+Receptor+Agonists+with+Partial+Agonists+and+Competitive+Antagonists&rft.au=Howard%2C+Gregory+J%3BSchlezinger%2C+Jennifer+J%3BHahn%2C+Mark+E%3BWebster%2C+Thomas+F&rft.aulast=Howard&rft.aufirst=Gregory&rft.date=2009-12-22&rft.volume=118&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=666&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/10.1289%2Fehp.0901312
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-07-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chemicals; Risk assessment; Dose-response effects; Dioxins
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0901312
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - VH-71/VXX Presidential Helicopter Program: Background and Issues for Congress
AN  - 58845265; 2010-476751
AB  - The VH-71 program is intended to provide 23 new presidential helicopters to replace the current fleet of 19 aging presidential helicopters. As part of its proposed FY2010 Department of Defense (DOD) budget, the Administration proposed terminating the VH-71 program in response to substantial cost growth and schedule delays in the program. As a successor to the VH-71 program, the Administration proposed beginning a new presidential helicopter program in FY2010 called the VXX Presidential Helicopter Program. Tables, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 22 2009, 33 pp.
AU  - Gertler, Jeremiah
Y1  - 2009/12/22/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Dec 22
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Cost
KW  - United States
KW  - Appropriations and expenditures
KW  - Budget
KW  - Helicopters
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58845265?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Gertler%2C+Jeremiah&rft.aulast=Gertler&rft.aufirst=Jeremiah&rft.date=2009-12-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=VH-71%2FVXX+Presidential+Helicopter+Program%3A+Background+and+Issues+for+Congress&rft.title=VH-71%2FVXX+Presidential+Helicopter+Program%3A+Background+and+Issues+for+Congress&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RS22103_20091222.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-04-07
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RS22103
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Air Force KC-X Tanker Aircraft Program: Background and Issues for Congress
AN  - 58845224; 2010-476752
AB  - In 2009, the Department of Defense (DOD) proposed a strategy for a new competition between Boeing and a team consisting of Northrop Grumman and the European Aeronautic Defense and Space Company (EADS, the parent company of Airbus) for a program to build 179 new KC-X aerial refueling tankers for the Air Force. The KC-X acquisition program is of intense interest because of the dollar value of the contract, the number of jobs it would create, the importance of tanker aircraft to US military operations, and because DOD's attempts to acquire a new tanker over the past several years have failed. Tables, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 22 2009, 92 pp.
AU  - Gertler, Jeremiah
Y1  - 2009/12/22/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Dec 22
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - United States
KW  - Air force
KW  - Contracts
KW  - Northrop Grumman corporation
KW  - Military operations
KW  - Parents
KW  - Competition
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58845224?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Gertler%2C+Jeremiah&rft.aulast=Gertler&rft.aufirst=Jeremiah&rft.date=2009-12-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Air+Force+KC-X+Tanker+Aircraft+Program%3A+Background+and+Issues+for+Congress&rft.title=Air+Force+KC-X+Tanker+Aircraft+Program%3A+Background+and+Issues+for+Congress&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL34398_20091222.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-04-07
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL34398
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - International Forestry Issues in Climate Change Bills: Comparison of Provisions of S.1733 and H.R. 2454
AN  - 58837325; 2010-455714
AB  - Two bills, to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, H.R. 2454 and S. 1733, include provisions that would reduce emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD). There are issues for carbon offsets generally -- their verification (measuring, monitoring, and reporting carbon sequestration), their additionality (activities not already occurring or required), their permanence, and leakage (merely shifting deforestation to other locations). These issues are exacerbated for REDD offsets, because many developing countries do not have the capacity to address these concerns; and many are concerned that REDD offsets may inhibit developing countries from committing to GHG reductions and from evolving to low-carbon economies. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 22 2009, 15 pp.
AU  - Sheikh, Pervaze A
AU  - Gorte, Ross W
Y1  - 2009/12/22/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Dec 22
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Environment and environmental policy - Ecology and environmental policy
KW  - United States
KW  - Climate
KW  - Environmental policy
KW  - Developing countries
KW  - Forestry
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40990_20091222.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40990
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Arsenic Inhibits Neurite Outgrowth by Inhibiting the LKB1-AMPK Signaling Pathway
AN  - 1677990316; 13074853
AB  - Arsenic (As) is an environmental pollutant that induces numerous pathological effects, including neurodevelopmental disorders. We evaluated the role of the LKB1-AMPK pathway in As-induced developmental neurotoxicity using Neuro-2a (N2a) neuroblastoma cells as a model of developing neurons. The addition of low concentrations of As (, 5 kM) during differentiation caused an inhibitory effect on the neurite outgrowth in N2a cells in the absence of cell death. Activation of adenosine monophosphate-activated kinase (AMPK) induced by retinoic acid in differentiating cells was blocked by As. Pretreatment with the AMPK-specific activator 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide riboside or overexpression of a constitutively active AMPK-a1 plasmid reversed As-induced inhibition of neurite outgrowth. The activation of LKB1 (serine/threonine kinase 11), a major AMPK kinase, was also suppressed by As by inhibiting both the phosphorylation and the translocation of LKB1 from nucleus to cytoplasm. Antioxidants, such as N-acetyl cysteine and superoxide dismutase, but not catalase, protected against As-induced inactivation of the LKB1-AMPK pathway and reversed the inhibitory effect of As on neurite outgrowth. Reduced neurite outgrowth induced by As results from deficient activation of AMPK as a consequence of a lack of activation of LKB1. Oxidative stress induced by As, especially excessive superoxide, plays a critical role in blocking the LKB1-AMPK pathway. Our studies provide insight into the mechanisms underlying As-induced developmental neurotoxicity, which is important for designing a new strategy for protecting children against this neurotoxic substance.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Wang, Xin
AU  - Meng, Dan
AU  - Chang, Qingshan
AU  - Pan, Jingju
AU  - Zhang, Zhuo
AU  - Chen, Gang
AU  - Ke, Zunji
AU  - Luo, Jia
AU  - Shi, Xianglin
AD  - Graduate Center for Toxicology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
Y1  - 2009/12/22/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Dec 22
SP  - 627
EP  - 634
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 118
IS  - 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE)
KW  - AMPK
KW  - arsenic
KW  - developmental neurotoxicity
KW  - LKB1
KW  - neurite outgrowth
KW  - neuro-2a neuroblastoma cell
KW  - ROS
KW  - Kinases
KW  - Adenosines
KW  - Activation
KW  - Arsenic
KW  - Phosphorylation
KW  - Pathways
KW  - Pathological effects
KW  - Catalase
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2015-04-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-05-04
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0901510
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonisation in Tasmanian rural hospitals
AN  - 807286154; 13811919
AB  - A point prevalence study was performed to determine the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) nasal colonisation rates in Tasmanian rural hospital inpatients. Nasal swabs were performed on all Tasmanian rural hospital inpatients hospitalised for more than 48 h before collection. A single swab was collected from both anterior nares and cultured for MRSA. Molecular typing was performed on all MRSA isolated. Demographic and clinical data was collected for each study participant. Data was analysed using the statistical software program SPSS. A total of 185 patients from 14 rural hospitals were included in the study. MRSA was isolated from 13 (7%) patients. Significant differences in MRSA prevalence were found between regions (P < 0.05) and between hospitals (P < 0.05). In the northern region of Tasmania, 11% of rural inpatients were colonised with MRSA, compared with 3 and 0% of rural inpatients in the State's north-west and southern regions, respectively. The presence of an indwelling urinary catheter was associated with a higher risk of MRSA nasal colonisation (P = 0.066). Patient age, gender and duration of hospital admission before the swab was collected were not identified as significant risk factors for MRSA nasal colonisation. Twelve of the 13 MRSA (92%) isolated were characterised as ST22-MRSA-IV (EMRSA-15). There is a higher prevalence of MRSA nasal colonisation in rural hospital inpatients in the northern region of Tasmania compared with other Tasmanian regions. ST22-MRSA-IV may be endemic in at least one northern Tasmanian rural hospital. This information may have implications for future strategies designed to minimise the prevalence and transmission of MRSA in Tasmania.
JF  - Healthcare Infection
AU  - Mitchell, Brett
AU  - McGregor, Alistair
AU  - Coombs, Geoffrey
AD  - TIPCU, Department of Health and Human Services, GPO Box 125, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia, brett.mitchell@dhhs.tas.gov.au
Y1  - 2009/12/21/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Dec 21
SP  - 159
EP  - 163
PB  - CSIRO Publishing, PO Box 1139 Collingwood Vic. 3066 Australia
VL  - 14
IS  - 4
SN  - 1835-5617, 1835-5617
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology
KW  - Age
KW  - Data processing
KW  - Statistics
KW  - Drug resistance
KW  - Demography
KW  - Computer programs
KW  - software
KW  - Typing
KW  - Risk factors
KW  - Catheters
KW  - Staphylococcus aureus
KW  - Hospitals
KW  - J 02400:Human Diseases
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Demography; Computer programs; Age; software; Typing; Statistics; Data processing; Risk factors; Drug resistance; Catheters; Hospitals; Staphylococcus aureus
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/HI09023
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - National Security Letters: Proposed Amendments in the 111th Congress
AN  - 58842125; 2010-476753
AB  - The USA PATRIOT Act expanded National Security Letters (NSLs) authority with the result that (1) The FBI considered the expanded authority very useful; (2) After expansion the number of NSLs requests increased dramatically; (3) The number of requests relating to Americans increased substantially; and (4) FBI use of NSL authority had sometimes failed to comply with statutory, Attorney General, or FBI policies. This report provides the five NSL statutes and includes a chart comparing the provisions of the bills and current law. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 21 2009, 34 pp.
AU  - Doyle, Charles
Y1  - 2009/12/21/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Dec 21
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Government - Internal security
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - United States
KW  - Legislation
KW  - Internal security
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40887_20091221.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-04-07
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40887
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Silica-Based Nanoparticle Uptake and Cellular Response by Primary Microglia
AN  - 1671247600; 13074847
AB  - Silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) are being formulated for cellular imaging and for nonviral gene delivery in the central nervous system (CNS), but it is unclear what potential effects SiNPs can elicit once they enter the CNS. As the resident macrophages of the CNS, microglia are the cells most likely to respond to SiNP entry into the brain. Upon activation, they are capable of undergoing morphological and functional changes. We examined the effects of SiNP exposure using primary rat microglia. We observed microglial uptake of SiNPs using transmission electron and fluorescence confocal microscopy. Microglial functions, including phagocytosis, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), expression of proinflammatory genes, and cytokine release, were measured after SiNP exposure at different concentrations. Microglia are capable of avidly taking up SiNPs at all concentrations tested. These same concentrations did not elicit cytotoxicity or a change in phagocytic activity. SiNPs did increase the productions of both intracellular ROS and RNS. We also observed a significant decrease in tumor necrosis factor- alpha gene expression at all concentrations tested and a significant increase in COX-2 (cyclooxygenase-2) gene expression at the highest concentration of SiNPs. Analysis of cytokine release showed a detectable level of interleukin-1 beta . This is the first study demonstrating the in vitro effects of SiNPs in primary microglia. Our findings suggest that very low levels of SiNPs are capable of altering microglial function. Increased ROS and RNS production, changes in proinflammatory genes, and cytokine release may not only adversely affect microglial function but also affect surrounding neurons.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Choi, Judy
AU  - Zheng, Qingdong
AU  - Katz, Howard E
AU  - Guilarte, Tomas R
AD  - Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
Y1  - 2009/12/21/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Dec 21
SP  - 589
EP  - 595
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 United States of America
VL  - 118
IS  - 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE)
KW  - Gene expression
KW  - Activation
KW  - Central nervous system
KW  - Cellular
KW  - Genes
KW  - Uptakes
KW  - Cytokines
KW  - Nanostructure
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-04-09
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0901534
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Formation of Covalently Bound Protein Adducts from the Cytotoxicant Naphthalene in Nasal Epithelium: Species Comparisons
AN  - 744701208; 13074856
AB  - Naphthalene is a volatile hydrocarbon that causes dose-, species-, and cell type-dependent cytotoxicity after acute exposure and hyperplasia/neoplasia after lifetime exposures in rodents. Toxicity depends on metabolic activation, and reactive metabolite binding correlates with tissue and site susceptibility. We compared proteins adducted in nasal epithelium from rats and rhesus macaques in vitro. Adducted proteins recovered from incubations of nasal epithelium and 14C-naphthalene were separated by two-dimensional (2D) gel electrophoresis and imaged to register radioactive proteins. We identified proteins visualized by silver staining on complementary nonradioactive gels by peptide mass mapping. The levels of reactive metabolite binding in incubations of rhesus ethmoturbinates and maxilloturbinates are similar to those in incubations of target tissues, including rat septal/olfactory regions and murine dissected airway incubations. We identified 40 adducted spots from 2D gel separations of rat olfactory epithelial proteins; 22 of these were nonredundant. In monkeys, we identified 19 spots by mass spectrometry, yielding three nonredundant identifications. Structural proteins (actin/tubulin) were prominent targets in both species. In this study we identified potential target proteins that may serve as markers closely associated with toxicity. The large differences in previously reported rates of naphthalene metabolism to water-soluble metabolites in dissected airways from mice and monkeys are not reflected in similar differences in covalent adduct formation in the nose. This raises concerns that downstream metabolic/biochemical events are very similar between the rat, a known target for naphthalene toxicity and tumorigenicity, and the rhesus macaque, a species similar to the human.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - DeStefano-Shields, Christina
AU  - Morin, Dexter
AU  - Buckpitt, Alan
Y1  - 2009/12/18/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Dec 18
SP  - 647
EP  - 652
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 118
IS  - 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - monkey
KW  - naphthalene
KW  - nasal epithelium
KW  - protein adducts
KW  - rat
KW  - reactive metabolites
KW  - species comparisons
KW  - Biochemistry
KW  - Peptide mapping
KW  - Metabolites
KW  - Neoplasia
KW  - Structural proteins
KW  - Mass spectroscopy
KW  - Rats
KW  - Macaca mulatta
KW  - Actin
KW  - Epithelium
KW  - Respiratory tract
KW  - Hydrocarbons
KW  - Tumorigenicity
KW  - Naphthalene
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - Gel electrophoresis
KW  - Hyperplasia
KW  - Cytotoxicity
KW  - Volatiles
KW  - Protein adducts
KW  - Proteins
KW  - Metabolic activation
KW  - Nose
KW  - Tubulin
KW  - Species comparisons
KW  - rodents
KW  - Metabolism
KW  - Gene mapping
KW  - X 24390:Radioactive Materials
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-07-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Peptide mapping; Hydrocarbons; Naphthalene; Tumorigenicity; Toxicity; Gel electrophoresis; Mass spectroscopy; Structural proteins; Neoplasia; Cytotoxicity; Hyperplasia; Protein adducts; Volatiles; Metabolic activation; Epithelium; Nose; Actin; Tubulin; Gene mapping; Respiratory tract; Rats; Biochemistry; Proteins; Metabolites; Metabolism; rodents; Species comparisons; Macaca mulatta
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0901333
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - U.S. Public Diplomacy: Background and Current Issues
AN  - 742959300; 2010-551200
AB  - A number of challenges and questions currently affect the future of US public diplomacy efforts. Some argue that abolishing the US Information Agency (USIA) was a mistake and that the State Department is ill-suited to conduct long-term public diplomacy. The Department of Defense and the US military have increased significantly their role in communicating with foreign publics, and this report discusses a number of issues for Congress to consider concerning US public diplomacy. Tables, Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 18 2009, 65 pp.
AU  - Nakamura, Kennon H
AU  - Weed, Matthew C
Y1  - 2009/12/18/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Dec 18
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - International relations - Diplomacy
KW  - United States
KW  - Diplomacy
KW  - book
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Nakamura%2C+Kennon+H%3BWeed%2C+Matthew+C&rft.aulast=Nakamura&rft.aufirst=Kennon&rft.date=2009-12-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=U.S.+Public+Diplomacy%3A+Background+and+Current+Issues&rft.title=U.S.+Public+Diplomacy%3A+Background+and+Current+Issues&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40989_20091218.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-07-12
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40989
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Pay-for-Performance: Lessons from the National Security Personnel System
AN  - 742955138; 2010-503627
AB  - Most federal employees (59.8%) are paid on the General Schedule (GS) consisting of 15 pay grades in which an employee's pay increases are to be based on performance and length of service, but some have argued that federal employee pay advancement should be more closely linked to job performance. This report reviews the creation of the National Security Personnel System (NSPS), examines how NSPS operates, discusses litigation against it, and analyzes lessons that can be learned from NSPS as Congress decides whether to maintain the GS, create a new federal pay system, or modify existing ones. Tables, Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 18 2009, 30 pp.
AU  - Ginsberg, Wendy R
Y1  - 2009/12/18/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Dec 18
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Government - Forms of government
KW  - United States
KW  - Length of service
KW  - Federal government
KW  - Employees
KW  - Performance
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL34673_20091218.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-05-10
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL34673
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Bahrain: Reform, Security, and U.S. Policy
AN  - 742952429; 2010-551199
AB  - After instability during the late 1990s, Bahrain undertook substantial political reforms, but the Shiite majority continues to simmer over the Sunni-led government's perceived manipulation of citizenship and election laws and regulations to maintain its grip on power. The Bahraini government fears that Iran is supporting Shiite opposition movements, possibly in an effort to install a Shiite led, pro-Iranian government on the island, and it has tried to place itself under a US security umbrella by hosting US naval headquarters for the Gulf for over 60 years. Tables, Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 18 2009, 10 pp.
AU  - Katzman, Kenneth
Y1  - 2009/12/18/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Dec 18
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - International relations - International relations
KW  - United States
KW  - Election law
KW  - Bahrain
KW  - Shiites
KW  - Regulation
KW  - Foreign relations
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/95-1013_20091218.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-07-12
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, 95-1013
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Ecological Niche Modeling of Cryptococcus gattii in British Columbia, Canada
AN  - 744693275; 13074857
AB  - Cryptococcus gattii emerged on Vancouver Island, British Columbia (BC), Canada, in 1999, causing human and animal illness. Environmental sampling for C. gattii in southwestern BC has isolated the fungal organism from native vegetation, soil, air, and water. Our aim was to help public health officials in BC delineate where C. gattii is currently established and forecast areas that could support C. gattii in the future. We also examined the utility of ecological niche modeling (ENM) based on human and animal C. gattii disease surveillance data. We performed ENM using the Genetic Algorithm for Rule-set Prediction (GARP) to predict the optimal and potential ecological niche areas of C. gattii in BC. Human and animal surveillance and environmental sampling data were used to build and test the models based on 15 predictor environmental data layers. ENM provided very accurate predictions (> 98% accuracy, p-value & 0.001) for C. gattii in BC. The models identified optimal C. gattii ecological niche areas along the central and south eastern coast of Vancouver Island and within the Vancouver Lower Mainland. Elevation, biogeoclimatic zone, and January temperature were good predictors for identifying the ecological niche of C. gattii in BC. The use of human and animal case data for ENM proved useful and effective in identifying the ecological niche of C. gattii in BC. These results are shared with public health to increase public and physician awareness of cryptococcal disease in regions at risk of environmental colonization of C. gattii.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Mak, Sunny
AU  - Klinkenberg, Brian
AU  - Bartlett, Karen
AU  - Fyfe, Murray
AD  - Epidemiology Services, British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
Y1  - 2009/12/17/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Dec 17
SP  - 653
EP  - 658
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 118
IS  - 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Environment Abstracts
KW  - British Columbia
KW  - cryptococcal disease
KW  - cryptococcosis
KW  - Cryptococcus gattii
KW  - ecological niche modeling
KW  - fungal disease
KW  - GARP
KW  - Genetic Algorithm for Rule-set Prediction
KW  - geographic information systems
KW  - GIS
KW  - Environmental monitoring
KW  - Temperature effects
KW  - INE, Canada, British Columbia, Vancouver I.
KW  - Data processing
KW  - Niches
KW  - Temperature
KW  - Algorithms
KW  - Vegetation
KW  - Cryptococcus
KW  - colonization
KW  - Public health
KW  - Soil
KW  - Colonization
KW  - Coastal zone
KW  - Islands
KW  - INE, Canada, British Columbia, Vancouver
KW  - Sampling
KW  - niches
KW  - Coasts
KW  - K 03400:Human Diseases
KW  - ENA 01:Air Pollution
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-07-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Soil; Colonization; Islands; Data processing; Niches; Algorithms; Vegetation; Sampling; Coasts; Public health; Environmental monitoring; Coastal zone; Temperature; colonization; niches; Cryptococcus; INE, Canada, British Columbia, Vancouver I.; INE, Canada, British Columbia, Vancouver
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0901448
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Hormone Activity of Hydroxylated Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers on Human Thyroid Receptor-b: In Vitro and In Silico Investigations
AN  - 744692326; 13074849
AB  - Hydroxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers (HO-PBDEs) may disrupt thyroid hormone status because of their structural similarity to thyroid hormone. However, the molecular mechanisms of interactions with thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) are not fully understood. We investigated the interactions between HO-PBDEs and TRb to identify critical structural features and physicochemical properties of HO-PBDEs related to their hormone activity, and to develop quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models for the thyroid hormone activity of HO-PBDEs. We used the recombinant two-hybrid yeast assay to determine the hormone activities to TRb and molecular docking to model the ligand-receptor interaction in the binding site. Based on the mechanism of action, molecular structural descriptors were computed, selected, and employed to characterize the interactions, and finally a QSAR model was constructed. The applicability domain (AD) of the model was assessed by Williams plot. The 18 HO-PBDEs tested exhibited significantly higher thyroid hormone activities than did PBDEs (p & 0.05). Hydrogen bonding was the characteristic interaction between HO-PBDE molecules and TRb, and aromaticity had a negative effect on the thyroid hormone activity of HO-PBDEs. The developed QSAR model had good robustness, predictive ability, and mechanism interpretability. Hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions between HO-PBDEs and TRb are important factors governing thyroid hormone activities. The HO-PBDEs with higher ability to accept electrons tend to have weak hydrogen bonding with TRb and lower thyroid hormone activities.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Li, Fei
AU  - Xie, Qing
AU  - Li, Xuehua
AU  - Li, Na
AU  - Chi, Ping
AU  - Chen, Jingwen
AU  - Wang, Zijian
AU  - Hao, Ce
AD  - Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
Y1  - 2009/12/17/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Dec 17
SP  - 602
EP  - 606
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 118
IS  - 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - application domain
KW  - density functional theory
KW  - docking
KW  - HO-PBDEs
KW  - hydroxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers
KW  - PBDEs
KW  - quantitative structure-activity relationship
KW  - thyroid hormone receptor
KW  - Yeasts
KW  - Molecular modelling
KW  - structure-activity relationships
KW  - Physicochemical properties
KW  - Thyroid
KW  - Electrostatic properties
KW  - Hydrogen
KW  - Hormones
KW  - Models
KW  - Polybrominated diphenyl ethers
KW  - Thyroid hormones
KW  - polybrominated diphenyl ethers
KW  - Thyroid hormone receptors
KW  - Hydrogen bonding
KW  - Structure-activity relationships
KW  - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals
KW  - ENA 07:General
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-07-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Molecular modelling; Thyroid hormones; polybrominated diphenyl ethers; Thyroid hormone receptors; Hydrogen bonding; Physicochemical properties; Electrostatic properties; Structure-activity relationships; Models; Yeasts; Polybrominated diphenyl ethers; structure-activity relationships; Thyroid; Hydrogen; Hormones
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0901457
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Staffing for Adequate Fire and Emergency Response: The SAFER Grant Program
AN  - 742954886; 2010-503628
AB  - The Staffing for Adequate Fire and Emergency Response Act (SAFER Act) was enacted by the 108th Congress as Section 1057 of the FY2004 National Defense Authorization Act (P.L. 108-136) to authorize grants to career, volunteer, and combination local fire departments for the purpose of increasing the number of firefighters to help communities meet industry-minimum standards and attain 24-hour staffing to provide adequate protection from fire and fire-related hazards. The SAFER grant program is authorized through FY2010, but concerns have arisen that modifications to the SAFER statute may be necessary to enable fire departments to more effectively participate in the program. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 17 2009, 10 pp.
AU  - Kruger, Lennard G
Y1  - 2009/12/17/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Dec 17
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - United States
KW  - Fire departments
KW  - Standards
KW  - Firefighters
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL33375_20091217.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-05-10
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL33375
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Military Service Records and Unit Histories: A Guide to Locating Sources
AN  - 742956558; 2010-551202
AB  - This guide provides information on locating military unit histories and individual service records of discharged, retired, and deceased military personnel. It includes contact information for military history centers, websites for additional sources of research, and a bibliography of other publications. Tables, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 16 2009, 8 pp.
AU  - Gomez-Granger, Julissa
AU  - Leland, Anne
Y1  - 2009/12/16/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Dec 16
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Social conditions and policy - History
KW  - Military history
KW  - Bibliography
KW  - Military service
KW  - Publications
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RS21282_20091216.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-07-12
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RS21282
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Greece Update
AN  - 742955693; 2010-551201
AB  - On taking power in Greece, PanHellenic Socialist Movement (PASOK) inherited a severe financial crisis: economic growth has contracted for three consecutive quarters in 2009, and the budget deficit is projected to be 12.7.% of gross domestic product (GDP) and debt to be 125% of GDP in 2010. The Greek government's foreign policy focuses on the European Union (EU), sometimes-strained relations with Turkey, reunifying Cyprus, resolving a dispute with Macedonia over its name, other Balkan issues, and sustaining good relations with the US. Greece has a limited presence with NATO in Afghanistan. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 16 2009, 13 pp.
AU  - Migdalovitz, Carol
Y1  - 2009/12/16/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Dec 16
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Public finance
KW  - Panhellenic socialist movement
KW  - European Union
KW  - Finance
KW  - Greece
KW  - Economic development
KW  - Public debts
KW  - Economic conditions
KW  - Foreign relations
KW  - Budget
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RS21855_20091216.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-07-12
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RS21855
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Would an Influenza Pandemic Qualify as a Major Disaster under the Stafford Act?
AN  - 742958324; 2010-551203
AB  - Given the current influenza A (H1N1) pandemic, awareness has been raised regarding the potential effects of a severe flu pandemic occurring in the US. In such an event, the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act could provide authority for federal assistance, but questions remain as to whether broader major disaster assistance would be available. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 15 2009, 10 pp.
AU  - Liu, Edward C
Y1  - 2009/12/15/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Dec 15
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Environment and environmental policy - Weather, climate, and natural disasters
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Diseases and disorders
KW  - International relations - International relief and humanitarian assistance
KW  - Disaster relief
KW  - United States
KW  - Influenza
KW  - Authority
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL34724_20091215.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-07-12
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL34724
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Socio-economic and psychological predictors of domestic greywater and rainwater collection: Evidence from Australia
AN  - 1777112606; 11299587
AB  - The importance of securing water supply necessitates that all options be explored. Research has indicated that demand on water catchments can be substantially decreased when a large proportion of households reuse greywater and/or install rainwater tanks. This paper reports on an internet survey completed by 354 households residing in the Australian Capital Territory and surrounding regions. Statistical analyses examined the relationship between socio-economic and psychological variables and the likelihood of the garden being irrigated with greywater and/or rainwater. The results show income, gender, age and education could not differentiate residents who were irrigating their garden with water from a tank from residents who were not. Residents who used tank water on their gardens had a higher self-reported understanding of a range of water supply options. Female participants and lower income residents were more likely to use greywater on their garden. Participants who irrigated the garden with greywater were more likely to judge various other water collection and recycling proposals as being appropriate. General concerns about water collection and reuse risks were not found to predict which households used tank water and/or greywater on their garden.
JF  - Journal of Hydrology (Amsterdam)
AU  - Ryan, A M
AU  - Spash, CL
AU  - Measham, T G
AD  - Sustainable Ecosystems Division, GPO Box, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia Anthony.ryan@csiro.au
Y1  - 2009/12/15/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Dec 15
SP  - 164
EP  - 171
PB  - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/]
VL  - 379
IS  - 1-2
SN  - 0022-1694, 0022-1694
KW  - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE)
KW  - Collection
KW  - Reuse
KW  - Gardens
KW  - Households
KW  - Water tanks
KW  - Tanks
KW  - Water supplies
KW  - Internet
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.atitle=Socio-economic+and+psychological+predictors+of+domestic+greywater+and+rainwater+collection%3A+Evidence+from+Australia&rft.au=Ryan%2C+A+M%3BSpash%2C+CL%3BMeasham%2C+T+G&rft.aulast=Ryan&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2009-12-15&rft.volume=379&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=164&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jhydrol.2009.10.002
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-05-18
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.10.002
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Direct Assessment of Cumulative Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Agonist Activity in Sera from Experimentally Exposed Mice and Environmentally Exposed Humans
AN  - 753640512; 13074863
AB  - Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) ligands adversely affect many biological processes. However, assessment of the significance of human exposures is hampered by an incomplete understanding of how complex mixtures affect AhR activation/inactivation. These studies used biological readouts to provide a broader context for estimating human risk than that obtained with serum extraction and gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (GC/MS)-based assays alone. AhR agonist activity was quantified in sera from dioxin-treated mice, commercial human sources, and polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)-exposed Faroe Islanders using an AhR-driven reporter cell line. To validate relationships between serum AhR agonist levels and biological outcomes, AhR agonist activity in mouse sera correlated with toxic end points. AhR agonist activity in unmanipulated ('neat') human sera was compared with these biologically relevant doses and with GC/MS-assayed PCB levels. Mouse serum AhR agonist activity correlated with injected dioxin dose, thymic atrophy, and heptomegaly, validating the use of neat serum to assess AhR agonist activity. AhR agonist activity in sera from Faroe Islanders varied widely, was associated with the frequency of recent pilot whale dinners, but did not correlate with levels of PCBs quantified by GC/MS. Surprisingly, significant 'baseline' AhR activity was found in commercial human sera. An AhR reporter assay revealed cumulative levels of AhR activation potential in neat serum, whereas extraction may preclude detection of important non-dioxin-like biological activity. Significant levels of AhR agonist activity in commercial sera and in Faroe Islander sera, compared with that from experimentally exposed mice, suggest human exposures that are biologically relevant in both populations.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Schlezinger, Jennifer J
AU  - Bernard, Pamela L
AU  - Haas, Amelia
AU  - Grandjean, Philippe
AU  - Weihe, Pal
AU  - Sherr, David H
AD  - Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Y1  - 2009/12/14/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Dec 14
SP  - 693
EP  - 698
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 United States of America
VL  - 118
IS  - 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE)
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/753640512?accountid=14244
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-11-14
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0901113
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Import Terminals: Siting, Safety, and Regulation
AN  - 742952323; 2010-551196
AB  - Rising price volatility, and the possibility of domestic shortages have increased liquefied natural gas (LNG) demand; and energy companies have proposed new LNG import terminals throughout the coastal US, many of which would be built onshore near populated areas if granted approval by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC). This approval process incorporates minimum safety standards established by the Department of Transportation -- Although LNG has had a record of relative safety for the last 45 years, and no LNG tanker or land-based facility has been attacked by terrorists, proposals for new LNG terminal facilities have generated public concern. Tables, Figures, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 14 2009, 29 pp.
AU  - Parfomak, Paul W
AU  - Vann, Adam
Y1  - 2009/12/14/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Dec 14
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Energy resources and policy - Petroleum and natural gas industries and products
KW  - United States
KW  - Transportation
KW  - Liquefied natural gas
KW  - Prices
KW  - Standards
KW  - Regulation
KW  - Terrorists
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL32205_20091214.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-07-12
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL32205
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan: Background and Policy Issues
AN  - 742950514; 2010-551195
AB  - Since the Bonn Agreement of December 2001, international donor activity and assistance has been coordinated primarily through the United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan (UNAMA). Most observers agree that continued, substantial, long-term development is key, as is the need for international support, but questions have been raised about aid effectiveness (funds required, priorities established, impact received) and the coordination necessary to achieve sufficient improvement. This report examines the central role of UNAMA in Afghanistan, the obstacles the organization faces in coordinating international efforts, and related policy issues and considerations for the 111th Congress. Tables, Figures, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 14 2009, 28 pp.
AU  - Margesson, Rhoda
Y1  - 2009/12/14/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Dec 14
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Politics - Politics and policy-making
KW  - International relations - International relations
KW  - United Nations
KW  - Afghanistan
KW  - Foreign relations
KW  - Public policy
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/742950514?accountid=14244
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40747_20091214.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-07-12
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40747
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Who Regulates Whom? An Overview of U.S. Financial Supervision
AN  - 58843149; 2010-455705
AB  - Federal financial regulation in the US has evolved through a series of piecemeal responses to developments and crises in financial markets. This report provides an overview of current US financial regulation: which agencies are responsible for which institutions and markets, and what kinds of authority they have. In the 111th Congress, H.R. 4173 presents comprehensive reform of the banking agencies, derivatives regulation, investor protection, systemic risk, and other concerns. Tables, Figures, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 14 2009, 36 pp.
AU  - Jickling, Mark
AU  - Murphy, Edward V
Y1  - 2009/12/14/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Dec 14
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Business and service sector - Business finance
KW  - Finance
KW  - Authority
KW  - Regulation
KW  - Banking
KW  - Markets
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40249_20091214.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40249
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Defense: FY2010 Authorization and Appropriations
AN  - 58838726; 2010-455704
AB  - For the Department of Defense (DOD) in FY2010, the Administration requested a total of 663.8 billion dollars in discretionary budget authority, including 533.8 billion dollars for the so-called "base budget" -- all DOD activities other than combat operations -- and 130.0 billion dollars for "overseas contingency operations," including operations in Iraq and Afghanistan. This request curtailed funding for several major weapons programs focused on conventional warfare. The report discusses the defense budget and congressional actions following the President's recommendations. Tables, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 14 2009, 116 pp.
AU  - Towell, Pat
AU  - Daggett, Stephen
AU  - Belasco, Amy
AU  - Best, Richard A, Jr
AU  - Grasso, Valerie Bailey
AU  - Henning, Charles A
AU  - Hildreth, Steven A
AU  - O'Rourke, Ronald
AU  - Serafino, Nina M
AU  - Jansen, Don J
Y1  - 2009/12/14/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Dec 14
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - United States Defense department
KW  - Budget
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40567_20091214.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40567
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The Postal Accountability and Enhancement Act: Overview and Issues for Congress
AN  - 58833244; 2010-455703
AB  - President George W. Bush signed the Postal Accountability and Enhancement Act (PAEA; P.L. 109-435; 120 Stat. 3198) on December 20, 2006. The PAEA was the first broad revision of the 1970 statute that replaced the US Post Office with the US Postal Service (USPS), a self-supporting, independent agency of the executive branch. This report describes Congress's pursuit of postal reform and summarizes the major provisions of the new postal reform law. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 14 2009, 13 pp.
AU  - Kosar, Kevin R
Y1  - 2009/12/14/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Dec 14
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - United States
KW  - Postal service
KW  - Legislation
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40983_20091214.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40983
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - CD4+ T-cell responses to an oral inactivated cholera vaccine in young children in a cholera endemic country and the enhancing effect of zinc supplementation
AN  - 21127509; 11359662
AB  - Immunization of young children with the oral inactivated whole cell cholera vaccine Dukoral containing recombinant cholera toxin B subunit (CTB) induces antibody responses which can be further enhanced by zinc supplementation. We have investigated if immunization with the cholera vaccine induces specific T-cell responses in young children and also whether zinc supplementation influences these responses. Bangladeshi children (10-18 months old) received vaccine alone, vaccine together with zinc supplementation or only zinc. T-cell blast formation indicating a proliferative response was analyzed by the flow cytometric assay of cell-mediated immune response in activated whole blood (FASCIA) and cytokines were measured by ELISA. Stronger T-cell responses were detected if a modified CTB molecule (mCTB) with reduced binding to GM1 ganglioside was used for cell stimulation compared to normal CTB. After vaccination, CD4+ T cells responded to mCTB with significantly increased blast formation (P  0.05). The IFN-g production was significantly higher (P  0.05) in children receiving zinc plus vaccine compared to in children receiving vaccine alone. The vibriocidal antibody responses induced by the vaccine were also significantly higher in children receiving zinc supplementation (P < 0.001). Our results thus show that oral cholera vaccination induces a Th1 T-cell response in young children, and that the IFN-g as well as the vibriocidal antibody responses can be enhanced by zinc supplementation.
JF  - Vaccine
AU  - Ahmed, Tanvir
AU  - Arifuzzaman, Mohammad
AU  - Lebens, Michael
AU  - Qadri, Firdausi
AU  - Lundgren, Anna
AD  - International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research (ICDDR,B), Bangladesh, GPO Box 128, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh, anna.lundgren@microbio.gu.se
Y1  - 2009/12/11/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Dec 11
SP  - 422
EP  - 429
PB  - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK
VL  - 28
IS  - 2
SN  - 0264-410X, 0264-410X
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Immunology Abstracts
KW  - T-cell response
KW  - FASCIA
KW  - Oral cholera vaccine
KW  - Zinc supplementation
KW  - Young children
KW  - Ganglioside GM1
KW  - Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
KW  - g-Interferon
KW  - Helper cells
KW  - Children
KW  - Vaccination
KW  - Supplementation
KW  - Flow cytometry
KW  - Blood
KW  - CD4 antigen
KW  - Antibodies
KW  - Immune response (cell-mediated)
KW  - Zinc
KW  - Lymphocytes T
KW  - Fascia
KW  - cholera toxin B subunit
KW  - Cytokines
KW  - Cholera
KW  - Vaccines
KW  - Blast
KW  - F 06905:Vaccines
KW  - J 02350:Immunology
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vaccine&rft.atitle=CD4%2B+T-cell+responses+to+an+oral+inactivated+cholera+vaccine+in+young+children+in+a+cholera+endemic+country+and+the+enhancing+effect+of+zinc+supplementation&rft.au=Ahmed%2C+Tanvir%3BArifuzzaman%2C+Mohammad%3BLebens%2C+Michael%3BQadri%2C+Firdausi%3BLundgren%2C+Anna&rft.aulast=Ahmed&rft.aufirst=Tanvir&rft.date=2009-12-11&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Housing+for+Persons+Living+with+HIV%2FAIDS&rft.title=Housing+for+Persons+Living+with+HIV%2FAIDS&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ganglioside GM1; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; g-Interferon; Helper cells; Children; Vaccination; Supplementation; Flow cytometry; Blood; Antibodies; CD4 antigen; Immune response (cell-mediated); Zinc; cholera toxin B subunit; Fascia; Lymphocytes T; Cytokines; Cholera; Vaccines; Blast
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.10.032
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Iran's Nuclear Program: Tehran's Compliance with International Obligations
AN  - 58845844; 2010-455707
AB  - This report provides a brief overview of Iran's nuclear program and describes the legal basis for the actions taken by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) board and the UN Security Council. In 2002, the IAEA began investigating allegations that Iran had conducted clandestine nuclear activities, and ultimately, the agency reported that some of these activities had violated Tehran's IAEA safeguards agreement. Tables, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 10 2009, 14 pp.
AU  - Kerr, Paul K
Y1  - 2009/12/10/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Dec 10
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military equipment and weapons
KW  - International relations - International relations
KW  - International relations
KW  - Iran
KW  - International atomic energy agency
KW  - Atomic weapons
KW  - book
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Kerr%2C+Paul+K&rft.aulast=Kerr&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2009-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Iran%27s+Nuclear+Program%3A+Tehran%27s+Compliance+with+International+Obligations&rft.title=Iran%27s+Nuclear+Program%3A+Tehran%27s+Compliance+with+International+Obligations&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40094_20091210.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40094
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Military Uniform Procurement: Questions and Answers
AN  - 58834701; 2010-455706
AB  - Military uniforms are procured through the Defense Logistics Agency (DLA), an agency of the Department of Defense (DOD). DLA is DOD's largest combat support agency, providing worldwide logistics support for the US military services, civilian agencies, and foreign countries. DSCP's Clothing and Textile (C&T) Directorate supplies more than 8,000 different items ranging from uniforms to footwear and equipment, with over 14.5 billion dollars in sales during 2009. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 10 2009, 3 pp.
AU  - Grasso, Valerie Bailey
Y1  - 2009/12/10/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Dec 10
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Logistics
KW  - Equipment
KW  - Military service
KW  - Clothing
KW  - United States Defense department
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58834701?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Blanchfield%2C+Luisa&rft.aulast=Blanchfield&rft.aufirst=Luisa&rft.date=2009-01-07&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+UNESCO+World+Heritage+Convention%3A+Congressional+Issues&rft.title=The+UNESCO+World+Heritage+Convention%3A+Congressional+Issues&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RS20550_20091210.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R20550
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) response and bill-hue wavelength increase with carotenoid supplementation in Diamond Firetails (Stagonopleura guttata)
AN  - 860375021; 13811767
AB  - Carotenoids cannot be synthesised by vertebrates and must be derived from the diet. A growing amount of research has focussed on the role of carotenoids in immune function, as well as the signalling function of carotenoids in the colour of the integument (skin, bill and legs) and feathers. We used an experimental approach to examine the effects of experimental reduction and supplementation of dietary carotenoids on phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) response (as an estimate of cell-mediated immune response) and colour of the bill in the Diamond Firetail (Stagonopleura guttata). To demonstrate the biological relevance of our study, we first show that carotenoid concentrations of our captive experimental birds did not differ significantly from those of wild birds. We found that carotenoids circulating in the plasma of captive Diamond Firetails dropped to 50% of the original concentration in less than 5 days when on a carotenoid-free diet. The mean level of total carotenoids in the plasma stabilised at 6% of the original concentration after 26 days. Finally, Diamond Firetails showed a significant increase in PHA response and increased bill-hue wavelength while on either a lutein or a zeaxanthin supplemented diet. Our results show rapid signalling of carotenoid concentration in the integument (as measured here in the bill) that we suggest complements the longer term signalling potential of feathers.
JF  - Emu
AU  - Stirnemann, Ingrid
AU  - Johnston, Greg
AU  - Rich, Brian
AU  - Robertson, Jeremy
AU  - Kleindorfer, Sonia
AD  - School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University of South Australia, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia, sonia.kleindorfer@flinders.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/12/09/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Dec 09
SP  - 344
EP  - 351
PB  - CSIRO Publishing, PO Box 1139 Collingwood Vic. 3066 Australia
VL  - 109
IS  - 4
SN  - 0158-4197, 0158-4197
KW  - Ecology Abstracts
KW  - Diets
KW  - Skin
KW  - Hemagglutinins
KW  - Leg
KW  - Immune response (cell-mediated)
KW  - Feathers
KW  - Integument
KW  - Dietary supplements
KW  - Zeaxanthin
KW  - Immune response
KW  - Wavelength
KW  - Xanthophyll
KW  - Carotenoids
KW  - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/860375021?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Emu&rft.atitle=Phytohaemagglutinin+%28PHA%29+response+and+bill-hue+wavelength+increase+with+carotenoid+supplementation+in+Diamond+Firetails+%28Stagonopleura+guttata%29&rft.au=Stirnemann%2C+Ingrid%3BJohnston%2C+Greg%3BRich%2C+Brian%3BRobertson%2C+Jeremy%3BKleindorfer%2C+Sonia&rft.aulast=Stirnemann&rft.aufirst=Ingrid&rft.date=2009-12-09&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=344&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Emu&rft.issn=01584197&rft_id=info:doi/10.1071%2FMU08069
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2011-04-01
N1  - Last updated - 2012-03-29
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diets; Skin; Hemagglutinins; Leg; Feathers; Immune response (cell-mediated); Integument; Dietary supplements; Zeaxanthin; Wavelength; Immune response; Xanthophyll; Carotenoids
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/MU08069
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Maternal Dioxin Exposure Combined with a Diet High in Fat Increases Mammary Cancer Incidence in Mice
AN  - 744698372; 13074848
AB  - Results from previous studies have suggested that breast cancer risk correlates with total lifetime exposure to estrogens and that early-life 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) exposure or diets high in fat can also increase cancer risk. Because both TCDD and diet affect the estrogen pathway, we examined how TCDD and a high-fat diet (HFD) interact to alter breast cancer susceptibility. We exposed pregnant female FVB/NJ mice (12.5 days postcoitus) to 1 kg/kg TCDD or vehicle; at parturition, the dams were randomly assigned to a low-fat diet (LFD) or a high-fat diet (HFD). Female offspring were maintained on the same diets after weaning and were exposed to 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene on postnatal days (PNDs) 35, 49, and 63 to initiate mammary tumors. A second cohort of females was treated identically until PND35 or PND49, when mammary gland morphology was examined, or PND50, when mammary gland mRNA was analyzed. We found that maternal TCDD exposure doubled mammary tumor incidence only in mice fed the HFD. Among HFD-fed mice, maternal TCDD exposure caused rapid mammary development with increased Cyp1b1 (cytochrome P450 1B1) expression and decreased Comt (catechol-O-methyltransferase) expression in mammary tissue. Maternal TCDD exposure also increased mammary tumor Cyp1b1 expression. Our data suggest that the HFD increases sensitivity to maternal TCDD exposure, resulting in increased breast cancer incidence, by changing metabolism capability. These results provide a mechanism to explain epidemiological data linking early-life TCDD exposure and diets high in fat to increased risk for breast cancer in humans.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - La Merrill, Michele
AU  - Harper, Rachel
AU  - Birnbaum, Linda S
AU  - Cardiff, Robert D
AU  - Threadgill, David W
AD  - Curriculum in Toxicology, Department of Genetics, Center for Environmental and Health Susceptibility, Lineberger Cancer Center, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
Y1  - 2009/12/09/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Dec 09
SP  - 596
EP  - 601
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 118
IS  - 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - COMT
KW  - CYP1B1
KW  - dioxin
KW  - high-fat diet
KW  - mammary cancer
KW  - puberty
KW  - Parturition
KW  - Weaning
KW  - tumors
KW  - Development
KW  - Catechol O-methyltransferase
KW  - offspring
KW  - Diets
KW  - Estrogens
KW  - Data processing
KW  - Mammary gland
KW  - TCDD
KW  - Mice
KW  - Tumors
KW  - Cancer
KW  - mRNA
KW  - Pregnancy
KW  - High fat diet
KW  - 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene
KW  - Breast cancer
KW  - Progeny
KW  - Cytochrome P450
KW  - Metabolism
KW  - Dioxin
KW  - estrogens
KW  - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Maternal+Dioxin+Exposure+Combined+with+a+Diet+High+in+Fat+Increases+Mammary+Cancer+Incidence+in+Mice&rft.au=La+Merrill%2C+Michele%3BHarper%2C+Rachel%3BBirnbaum%2C+Linda+S%3BCardiff%2C+Robert+D%3BThreadgill%2C+David+W&rft.aulast=La+Merrill&rft.aufirst=Michele&rft.date=2009-12-09&rft.volume=118&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=596&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/10.1289%2Fehp.0901047
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-07-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Estrogens; Data processing; Mammary gland; Parturition; TCDD; Weaning; Development; Tumors; Pregnancy; mRNA; Catechol O-methyltransferase; High fat diet; 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene; Breast cancer; Progeny; Cytochrome P450; Dioxin; Metabolism; Diets; tumors; Mice; Cancer; offspring; estrogens
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0901047
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Government Collection of Private Information: Background and Issues Related to the USA PATRIOT Act Reauthorization
AN  - 58838601; 2010-455708
AB  - The impending expiration of the USA PATRIOT Act has prompted legislative proposals which revisit changes it made, especially controversial sections which facilitate the federal government's collection of more information, from a greater number of sources, than had previously been authorized in criminal or foreign intelligence investigations. In addition to the expiring provisions, pending bills address a range of issues, including national security letters, minimization requirements, nondisclosure requirements (gag orders), interception of international communications, and retroactive repeal of communication provider immunity for Terrorist Surveillance Program (TSP) assistance. This report surveys the legal environment in which the legislative proposals arise. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 9 2009, 27 pp.
AU  - Henning, Anna C
AU  - Bazan, Elizabeth B
AU  - Doyle, Charles
AU  - Liu, Edward C
Y1  - 2009/12/09/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Dec 09
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Information
KW  - Investigation
KW  - Intelligence
KW  - Communication
KW  - Surveillance
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58838601?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Henning%2C+Anna+C%3BBazan%2C+Elizabeth+B%3BDoyle%2C+Charles%3BLiu%2C+Edward+C&rft.aulast=Henning&rft.aufirst=Anna&rft.date=2009-12-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Government+Collection+of+Private+Information%3A+Background+and+Issues+Related+to+the+USA+PATRIOT+Act+Reauthorization&rft.title=Government+Collection+of+Private+Information%3A+Background+and+Issues+Related+to+the+USA+PATRIOT+Act+Reauthorization&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40980_20091209.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40980
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The G-20 and International Economic Cooperation: Background and Implications for Congress
AN  - 58832905; 2010-455709
AB  - Governments discuss and coordinate economic policies using a mixture of formal institutions, such as the World Trade Organization (WTO) and International Monetary Fund (IMF), and more informal economic forums, like the Group of Seven, or G-7, and the Group of 20, or G-20. This report focuses on informal economic forums, and, specifically, the role of the G-20 in coordinating governments' responses to the current economic crisis. Tables, Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 9 2009, 28 pp.
AU  - Nelson, Rebecca M
Y1  - 2009/12/09/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Dec 09
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - World trade organization
KW  - International monetary fund
KW  - Economic policy
KW  - Economic conditions
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58832905?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Nelson%2C+Rebecca+M&rft.aulast=Nelson&rft.aufirst=Rebecca&rft.date=2009-12-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+G-20+and+International+Economic+Cooperation%3A+Background+and+Implications+for+Congress&rft.title=The+G-20+and+International+Economic+Cooperation%3A+Background+and+Implications+for+Congress&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40977_20091209.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40977
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Particle Emissions, Volatility, and Toxicity from an Ethanol Fumigated Compression Ignition Engine
AN  - 754543880; 13268467
AB  - Particle emissions, volatility, and the concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were investigated for a pre-Euro I compression ignition engine to study the potential health impacts of employing ethanol fumigation technology. Engine testing was performed in two separate experimental campaigns with most testing performed at intermediate speed with four different load settings and various ethanol substitutions. A scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS) was used to determine particle size distributions, a volatilization tandem differential mobility analyzer (V-TDMA) was used to explore particle volatility, and a new profluorescent nitroxide probe, BPEAnit, was used to investigate the potential toxicity of particles. The greatest particulate mass reduction was achieved with ethanol fumigation at full load, which contributed to the formation of a nucleation mode. Ethanol fumigation increased the volatility of particles by coating the particles with organic material or by making extra organic material available as an external mixture. In addition, the particle-related ROS concentrations increased with ethanol fumigation and were associated with the formation of a nucleation mode. The smaller particles, the increased volatility, and the increase in potential particle toxicity with ethanol fumigation may provide a substantial barrier for the uptake of fumigation technology using ethanol as a supplementary fuel.
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
AU  - Surawski, Nicholas C
AU  - Miljevic, Branka
AU  - Roberts, Boyd A
AU  - Modini, Robin L
AU  - Situ, Rong
AU  - Brown, Richard J
AU  - Bottle, Steven E
AU  - Ristovski, Zoran D
AD  - International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Queensland University of Technology, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane QLD 4001, Australia, School of Engineering Systems, Queensland University of Technology, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane QLD 4001, Australia, and ARC Centre of Excellence for Free Radical Chemistry and Biotechnology, Queensland University of Technology, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane QLD 4001, Australia
Y1  - 2009/12/08/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Dec 08
SP  - 229
EP  - 235
PB  - American Chemical Society, 1155 16th St., NW Washington DC 20036 USA
VL  - 44
IS  - 1
SN  - 0013-936X, 0013-936X
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Mobility
KW  - Fuels
KW  - Probes
KW  - Particulates
KW  - Fumigation
KW  - Nucleation
KW  - Reactive oxygen species
KW  - Emissions
KW  - uncertainty
KW  - Ethanol
KW  - Particle size
KW  - Volatilization
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - Compression
KW  - Oxygen
KW  - Scanning
KW  - Nitroxide
KW  - Technology
KW  - Coatings
KW  - ENA 03:Energy
KW  - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION
KW  - X 24360:Metals
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-05-27
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Particle size; Mobility; Fuels; Probes; Volatilization; Toxicity; Fumigation; Compression; Nucleation; Reactive oxygen species; Scanning; Nitroxide; Ethanol; Coatings; Oxygen; Emissions; Particulates; uncertainty; Technology
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es9021377
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - High Speed Rail (HSR) in the United States
AN  - 58841089; 2010-455715
AB  - Congress has been interested in high speed rail (HSR) since the 1960s, but the provision of 8 billion dollars for intercity passenger rail and high speed rail projects in the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA; P.L. 111-5), enacted in February 2009, has catalyzed enthusiasm for high speed rail. One consequence has been a proposed authorization of 50 billion dollars for intercity passenger rail development, but given the variety of arguments both for and against, and the costs of high speed rail in light of the constrained federal budget, Congress may wish to carefully consider further investment. Tables, Figures, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 8 2009, 31 pp.
AU  - Peterman, David Randall
AU  - Frittelli, John
AU  - Mallett, William J
Y1  - 2009/12/08/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Dec 08
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Transportation and transportation policy - Transportation
KW  - Cost
KW  - United States
KW  - Transportation
KW  - Investments
KW  - Budget
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40973_20091208.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40973
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Modeling the Effects of Weather and Climate Change on Malaria Transmission
AN  - 744695408; 13074852
AB  - In recent years, the impact of climate change on human health has attracted considerable attention; the effects on malaria have been of particular interest because of its disease burden and its transmission sensitivity to environmental conditions. We investigated and illustrated the role that dynamic process-based mathematical models can play in providing strategic insights into the effects of climate change on malaria transmission. We evaluated a relatively simple model that permitted valuable and novel insights into the simultaneous effects of rainfall and temperature on mosquito population dynamics, malaria invasion, persistence and local seasonal extinction, and the impact of seasonality on transmission. We illustrated how large-scale climate simulations and infectious disease systems may be modeled and analyzed and how these methods may be applied to predicting changes in the basic reproduction number of malaria across Tanzania. We found extinction to be more strongly dependent on rainfall than on temperature and identified a temperature window of around 32-33C where endemic transmission and the rate of spread in disease-free regions is optimized. This window was the same for Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax, but mosquito density played a stronger role in driving the rate of malaria spread than did the Plasmodium species. The results improved our understanding of how temperature shifts affect the global distribution of at-risk regions, as well as how rapidly malaria outbreaks take off within vulnerable populations. Disease emergence, extinction, and transmission all depend strongly on climate. Mathematical models offer powerful tools for understanding geographic shifts in incidence as climate changes. Nonlinear dependences of transmission on climate necessitates consideration of both changing climate trends and variability across time scales of interest.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Parham, Paul Edward
AU  - Michael, Edwin
AD  - Grantham Institute for Climate Change, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology and
Y1  - 2009/12/07/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Dec 07
SP  - 620
EP  - 626
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 118
IS  - 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources
KW  - Human diseases
KW  - Tanzania
KW  - Rainfall
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Malaria
KW  - Population dynamics
KW  - Public health
KW  - Disease transmission
KW  - Sulfur dioxide
KW  - Infectious diseases
KW  - extinction
KW  - Seasonal variations
KW  - Temperature effects
KW  - Sensitivity
KW  - Weather
KW  - Mathematical models
KW  - disease transmission
KW  - Extinction
KW  - Illustrations
KW  - Temperature
KW  - Simulation
KW  - Plasmodium falciparum
KW  - outbreaks
KW  - Rare species
KW  - Ecosystem disturbance
KW  - malaria
KW  - invasions
KW  - vulnerability
KW  - Reproduction
KW  - Environmental conditions
KW  - Species extinction
KW  - ENA 13:Population Planning & Control
KW  - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation
KW  - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development
KW  - Q1 08484:Species interactions: parasites and diseases
KW  - K 03450:Ecology
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Modeling+the+Effects+of+Weather+and+Climate+Change+on+Malaria+Transmission&rft.au=Parham%2C+Paul+Edward%3BMichael%2C+Edwin&rft.aulast=Parham&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2009-12-07&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+Emoluments+Clause%3A+History%2C+Law%2C+and+Precedents&rft.title=The+Emoluments+Clause%3A+History%2C+Law%2C+and+Precedents&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-06-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-04-09
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Human diseases; Illustrations; Climatic changes; Malaria; Rare species; Ecosystem disturbance; Species extinction; Disease transmission; Public health; Temperature effects; Weather; Mathematical models; Extinction; Rainfall; Population dynamics; Infectious diseases; Reproduction; Environmental conditions; Seasonal variations; Sensitivity; disease transmission; Temperature; Simulation; outbreaks; Sulfur dioxide; malaria; extinction; invasions; vulnerability; Plasmodium falciparum; Tanzania
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0901256
ER  - 



TY  - CPAPER
T1  - Nano-Sized Aggregates of Ferritin-CTAB Complex
T2  - 11th Pacific Polymer Conference (PPC 11)
AN  - 42265202; 5612437
JF  - 11th Pacific Polymer Conference (PPC 11)
AU  - Yilmaz, Neval
AU  - Kunitake, Masashi
Y1  - 2009/12/06/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Dec 06
KW  - U 2000:Biological Sciences
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42265202?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=11th+Pacific+Polymer+Conference+%28PPC+11%29&rft.atitle=Nano-Sized+Aggregates+of+Ferritin-CTAB+Complex&rft.au=Yilmaz%2C+Neval%3BKunitake%2C+Masashi&rft.aulast=Yilmaz&rft.aufirst=Neval&rft.date=2009-12-06&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=11th+Pacific+Polymer+Conference+%28PPC+11%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - https://leishman.conference-services.net/programme.asp?conferenceID=16 04&language=en-uk
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-04-06
N1  - Last updated - 2010-05-03
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Production of fuel ethanol and methane from garbage by high-efficiency two-stage fermentation process
AN  - 869586625; 14817354
AB  - A two-stage fermentation process, consisting of a simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) stage and a dry methane fermentation stage, was developed to utilize garbage for the production of fuel ethanol and methane. Garbage from families, canteens and concessionaires was used for the study. Saccharification method was studied and the results indicated that the liquefaction pretreatment and the combination of cellulase and glucoamylase was effective for polysaccharide hydrolysis of family garbage with a high content of holocellulose and that SSF was suitable for ethanol fermentation of garbage. Ethanol productivity could be markedly increased from 1.7 to 7.0 g/l/h by repeated-batch SSF of family garbage. A high ethanol productivity of 17.7 g/l/h was achieved when canteen garbage was used. The stillage after distillation was treated by dry methane fermentation and the results indicated that the stillage was almost fully digested and that about 850 ml of biogas was recovered from 1 g of volatile total solid (VTS). Approximately 85% of the energy of the garbage was converted to fuels, ethanol and methane by this process.
JF  - Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering
AU  - Koike, Yoji
AU  - An, Ming-Zhe
AU  - Tang, Yue-Qin
AU  - Syo, Tomohiro
AU  - Osaka, Noriko
AU  - Morimura, Shigeru
AU  - Kida, Kenji
Y1  - 2009/12//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Dec 2009
SP  - 508
EP  - 512
PB  - Society for Biotechnology, Japan, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871 Osaka Japan
VL  - 108
IS  - 6
SN  - 1389-1723, 1389-1723
KW  - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts
KW  - Garbage
KW  - Ethanol fermentation
KW  - Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation
KW  - Dry methane fermentation
KW  - Waste biomass utilization
KW  - Methane
KW  - Glucan 1,4- alpha -glucosidase
KW  - Fermentation
KW  - Volatiles
KW  - Fuels
KW  - Energy
KW  - biogas
KW  - Polysaccharides
KW  - Hydrolysis
KW  - Cellulase
KW  - Ethanol
KW  - W 30945:Fermentation & Cell Culture
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/869586625?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Bioscience+and+Bioengineering&rft.atitle=Production+of+fuel+ethanol+and+methane+from+garbage+by+high-efficiency+two-stage+fermentation+process&rft.au=Koike%2C+Yoji%3BAn%2C+Ming-Zhe%3BTang%2C+Yue-Qin%3BSyo%2C+Tomohiro%3BOsaka%2C+Noriko%3BMorimura%2C+Shigeru%3BKida%2C+Kenji&rft.aulast=Koike&rft.aufirst=Yoji&rft.date=2009-12-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=508&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Bioscience+and+Bioengineering&rft.issn=13891723&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jbiosc.2009.06.007
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2011-05-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-19
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Methane; Glucan 1,4- alpha -glucosidase; Volatiles; Fermentation; Energy; Fuels; biogas; Polysaccharides; Hydrolysis; Cellulase; Ethanol
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiosc.2009.06.007
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Rediscovering Nature in Everyday Settings: Or How to Create Healthy Environments and Healthy People
AN  - 754568814; 13418240
AB  - It is estimated that half of the world's population now live in urban environments. Urban living necessitates a removal from nature, yet evidence indicates that contact with nature is beneficial for human health. In fact, everyday urban places, such as where people live, study, and work, provide opportunities to bring nature back into cities to contribute to positive, healthy environments for people and to foster the human-nature connection. The inclusion of more nature in cities could have additional environmental benefits, such as habitat provision and improving the environmental performance of built environments. In the context of climate change, outcomes such as these assume further importance. This article explores how common urban places can foster links between people and nature, and generate positive health and well-being outcomes. We achieve this by exploring nature in the everyday settings of schools and residential housing.
JF  - EcoHealth
AU  - Maller, Cecily J
AU  - Henderson-Wilson, Claire
AU  - Townsend, Mardie
AD  - Global Cities Institute and Centre for Design, College of Design and Social Context, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia, cecily.maller@rmit.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/12//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Dec 2009
SP  - 553
EP  - 556
PB  - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany
VL  - 6
IS  - 4
SN  - 1612-9202, 1612-9202
KW  - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts
KW  - Housing
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Habitat
KW  - world population
KW  - schools
KW  - Urban areas
KW  - Urban environments
KW  - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development
KW  - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Housing; Climatic changes; Habitat; Urban environments; world population; schools; Urban areas
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10393-010-0282-5
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Cadmium and Breast Cancer: Exposure Associated with Basal-Like Phenotype
AN  - 746274376; 12747706
AB  - Abstract not available.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Barrett, Julia R
Y1  - 2009/12//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Dec 2009
SP  - A552
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 2
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Breast cancer
KW  - Cancer
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-05-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Breast cancer; Cancer
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Hit or Miss?: Benefits and Risks of Using Nanoparticles for in Situ Remediation
AN  - 746200254; 12747399
AB  - Abstract not available.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Burton, Adrian
Y1  - 2009/12//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Dec 2009
SP  - A552
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 2
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Bioremediation
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/746200254?accountid=14244
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-05-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bioremediation
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Periodontal Disease and Environmental Cadmium Exposure
AN  - 746199268; 12747600
AB  - Abstract not available.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Guzzi, Gianpaolo
AU  - Pigatto, Paolo D
AU  - Ronchi, Anna
Y1  - 2009/12//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Dec 2009
SP  - A535
EP  - A536
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 2
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - periodontal diseases
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-05-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - periodontal diseases
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0901189
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Tackling the Research Challenges of Health and Climate Change
AN  - 746199159; 12747034
AB  - Abstract not available.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Glass, Roger
AU  - Rosenthal, Joshua
AU  - Jessup, Christine M
AU  - Birnbaum, Linda
AU  - Portier, Chris
Y1  - 2009/12//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Dec 2009
SP  - A534
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 2
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - ENA 20:Weather Modification & Geophysical Change
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-05-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Climatic changes
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0901171
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Localist Movements in a Global Economy: Sustainability, Justice, and Urban Development in the United States
AN  - 746197881; 12747160
AB  - Abstract not available.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - McMichael, Anthony J
Y1  - 2009/12//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Dec 2009
SP  - A560
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 2
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Urban planning
KW  - USA
KW  - Economics
KW  - sustainability
KW  - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development
KW  - ENA 07:General
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-05-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Urban planning; Economics; sustainability; USA
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS: Melting Glaciers Release Frozen Toxicants
AN  - 746078522; 12746911
AB  - Abstract not available.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Weinhold, Bob
Y1  - 2009/12//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Dec 2009
SP  - A538
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 2
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts
KW  - Toxicants
KW  - persistent organic pollutants
KW  - Glaciers
KW  - glaciers
KW  - Melting
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - SW 3030:Effects of pollution
KW  - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution
KW  - X 24490:Other
KW  - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH
KW  - ENA 07:General
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-05-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-05-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Melting; Toxicants; Pollutants; Glaciers; persistent organic pollutants; glaciers
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Understanding Resilience in South Australian Farm Families
AN  - 743045350; 201033247
AB  - Despite prolonged droughts over the last decade across rural South Australia the majority of farmers continue to farm. This research asks the questions, 'what helps them to "get by"?', and 'does this mean that they are resilient?'. In this study, resilience implies a strengths-based approach to mental health and well-being whilst other drought response programs focus on identifying and responding to problems or deficits. In using resilience to understand mental health and wellbeing in farm families, we move beyond the perceptions that resilience is a series of traits or characteristics, which protect an individual from the impact of adversity. Instead, we view resilience as a systemic process embedded in the wider social contexts that enables individuals to make judgements and decisions for themselves, their families and their communities. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - Rural Society
AU  - Greenhill, Jennene
AU  - King, Debra
AU  - Lane, Anna
AU  - MacDougall, Colin
AD  - Flinders University Rural Clinical School, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide SA 5001, Australia jennene.greenhill@flinders.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/12//
PY  - 2009
DA  - December 2009
SP  - 318
EP  - 325
PB  - eContent Management, Queensland Australia
VL  - 19
IS  - 4
SN  - 1037-1656, 1037-1656
KW  - Rural mental health, Resilience, Farm family, Drought
KW  - Resilience
KW  - Farms
KW  - Well Being
KW  - Mental Health
KW  - Australia
KW  - Family Farms
KW  - article
KW  - 1116: rural sociology and agriculture; rural sociology (village, agriculture)
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LA  - English
DB  - Sociological Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2010-06-07
N1  - Number of references - 24
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Resilience; Family Farms; Farms; Well Being; Australia; Mental Health
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Contemporary Presidency: The Political Utility of Empathy in Presidential Leadership
AN  - 60525056; 201015312
AB  - In simple and precise terms, empathy is feeling what another person feels. It is the perception of another person's emotions. A debate over the importance of empathy in political leadership has generated considerable controversy since the 2008 election. However, Barack Obama's presidency is not the first to be affected by empathy; it has played an influential role in presidential leadership throughout American history. Focusing on the presidencies of Abraham Lincoln, Bill Clinton, and George W. Bush, this essay explains why empathy is a critical governing and political resource, and argues that a paucity or excess of empathy can prove a dangerous liability for presidents. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - Presidential Studies Quarterly
AU  - Shogan, Colleen J
AD  - Congressional Research Service, Government and Finance Division, in the Library of Congress
Y1  - 2009/12//
PY  - 2009
DA  - December 2009
SP  - 859
EP  - 877
PB  - Blackwell Publishing, Malden MA
VL  - 39
IS  - 4
SN  - 0360-4918, 0360-4918
KW  - Emotions
KW  - Presidents
KW  - Disputes
KW  - Liability
KW  - Legislation
KW  - Leadership
KW  - article
KW  - 9105: politics; national-level politics
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LA  - English
DB  - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2010-04-07
N1  - Number of references - 47
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Presidents; Leadership; Disputes; Liability; Emotions; Legislation
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - An Economic Analysis of the Homebuyer Tax Credit
AN  - 58839588; 2010-455711
AB  - Discusses the homebuyer tax credit and suggests that lower home prices and low mortgage rates were quantitatively more important in stabilizing the housing market than the tax credit. Estimates of the number of additional home purchases that can be attributed to the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 and Worker, Homeownership, and Business Assistance Act of 2009 versions of tax credit are presented; and the estimates raise questions about those reported by industry analysts, as well as questions about how effective the tax credit may have been at reducing the home inventory. Tables, Figures, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 1 2009, 24 pp.
AU  - Keightley, Mark P
Y1  - 2009/12/01/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Dec 01
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - United States
KW  - Housing
KW  - Economic policy
KW  - Tax credits
KW  - book
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Keightley%2C+Mark+P&rft.aulast=Keightley&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2009-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=An+Economic+Analysis+of+the+Homebuyer+Tax+Credit&rft.title=An+Economic+Analysis+of+the+Homebuyer+Tax+Credit&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40955_20091201.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40955
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Key Issues in Derivatives Reform
AN  - 58837521; 2010-455710
AB  - Financial derivatives allow users to manage or hedge certain business risks that arise from volatile commodity prices, interest rates, foreign currencies, and a wide range of other variables. Derivatives also permit potentially risky speculation on future trends in those rates and prices. The events of the global financial crisis have sparked calls for fundamental reform. This report analyzes the issues of derivatives clearing and margin and end users, and it discusses the various legislative approaches to the enduser issue. Tables, Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Dec 1 2009, 10 pp.
AU  - Miller, Rena S
Y1  - 2009/12/01/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Dec 01
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Business and service sector - Business finance
KW  - Interest rates
KW  - Risk
KW  - Business
KW  - Finance
KW  - Prices
KW  - Economic conditions
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58837521?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Miller%2C+Rena+S&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Rena&rft.date=2009-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Key+Issues+in+Derivatives+Reform&rft.title=Key+Issues+in+Derivatives+Reform&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40965_20091201.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40965
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - What is Waste that We Should Account for it? A Look Inside Queensland's Ecological Rucksack
AN  - 58824171; 2008-418917
AB  - While most Australians are conscious of the amount of waste that they place in garbage bins, relatively few would be aware of the waste that is generated in the course of producing the goods and services that they consume. This 'embodied waste' makes up a large part of the 'ecological rucksack' of those goods and services. This study develops a waste account for Queensland, using the ecological rucksack framework to illustrate patterns of waste production in the Australian economy. It classifies wastes both by type and broad sector of production. The study finds that the Queensland economy generated more than four billion tonnes of waste during the 2006--2007 financial year. The largest waste streams are produced at the resource extraction and distribution stages, and are predominantly materials that are disposed of without being used or are lost through inefficient use. The majority of the waste is produced upstream of the point of consumption and a large part is associated with materials produced for export. Received 3 October 2008; Revised 25 February 2009; Accepted 6 May 2009. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - Geographical Research
AU  - Knight, Laurence
AD  - Humanities Program, Queensland University of Technology, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia l.knight@qut.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/12//
PY  - 2009
DA  - December 2009
SP  - 422
EP  - 433
PB  - Blackwell Publishing Asia, Carlton South Victoria Australia
VL  - 47
IS  - 4
SN  - 1745-5863, 1745-5863
KW  - Environment and environmental policy - Wastes and waste management
KW  - Environment and environmental policy - Ecology and environmental policy
KW  - Manufacturing and heavy industry - Industrial management, production, and productivity
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Consumers and consumption
KW  - Queensland, Australia
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Production
KW  - Waste disposal in the ground
KW  - Consumption
KW  - Recycling
KW  - Waste management
KW  - article
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apais&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geographical+Research&rft.atitle=What+is+Waste+that+We+Should+Account+for+it%3F+A+Look+Inside+Queensland%27s+Ecological+Rucksack&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-10-21
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Waste management; Ecology; Waste disposal in the ground; Recycling; Queensland, Australia; Production; Consumption
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-5871.2009.00595.x
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Requirements-Oriented Methodology for Evaluating Ontologies
AN  - 57734918; 201000559
AB  - Many applications benefit from the use of a suitable ontology but it can be difficult to determine which ontology is best suited to a particular application. Although ontology evaluation techniques are improving as more measures and methodologies are proposed, the literature contains few specific examples of cohesive evaluation activity that links ontologies, applications and their requirements, and measures and methodologies. In this paper, we present ROMEO, a requirements-oriented methodology for evaluating ontologies, and apply it to the task of evaluating the suitability of some general ontologies (variants of sub-domains of the Wikipedia category structure) for supporting browsing in Wikipedia. The ROMEO methodology identifies requirements that an ontology must satisfy, and maps these requirements to evaluation measures. We validate part of this mapping with a task-based evaluation method involving users, and report on our findings from this user study. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - Information Systems
AU  - Yu, Jonathan
AU  - Thom, James A
AU  - Tam, Audrey
AD  - School of Computer Science and Information Technology, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476V, Melbourne, Australia james.thom@rmit.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/12//
PY  - 2009
DA  - December 2009
SP  - 766
EP  - 791
PB  - Elsevier Ltd, The Netherlands
VL  - 34
IS  - 8
SN  - 0306-4379, 0306-4379
KW  - Wikipedia
KW  - Ontology evaluation, browsing, user studies, Wikipedia
KW  - Ontologies
KW  - Encyclopaedias
KW  - Browsing
KW  - article
KW  - 13.14: INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL - SEARCHING
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LA  - English
DB  - Library & Information Science Abstracts (LISA)
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-05
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-27
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Browsing; Ontologies; Encyclopaedias
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Commentary: Risk management and post-marketing surveillance for the abuse of medications acting on the central nervous system: Expert Panel Report
AN  - 57340139; 201002945
AB  - The abuse and diversion of medications is a significant public health problem. This paper is part of a supplemental issue of Drug and Alcohol Dependence focused on the development of risk management plans and post-marketing surveillance related to minimizing this problem. The issue is based on a conference that was held in October 2008. An Expert Panel was formed to provide a summary of the conclusions and recommendations that emerged from the meeting involving drug abuse experts, regulators and other government agencies, pharmaceutical companies and professional and other non-governmental organizations. This paper provides a written report of this Expert Panel. Eleven conclusions and 11 recommendations emerged concerning the state of the art of this field of research, the regulatory and public health implications and recommendations for future directions. It is concluded that special surveillance tools are needed to detect the emergence of medication abuse in a timely manner and that risk management tools can be implemented to increase the benefit to risk ratio. The scientific basis for both the surveillance and risk management tools is in its infancy, yet progress needs to be made. It is also important that the unintended consequences of increased regulation and the imposition of risk management plans be minimized. [Copyright Elsevier Ireland Ltd.]
JF  - Drug and Alcohol Dependence
AU  - Johanson, Chris-Ellyn
AU  - Balster, Robert L
AU  - Henningfield, Jack E
AU  - Schuster, Charles R
AU  - Anthony, James C
AU  - Barthwell, Andrea G
AU  - Coleman, John J
AU  - Dart, Richard C
AU  - Gorodetzky, Charles W
AU  - O'Keeffe, Charles
AU  - Sellers, Edward M
AU  - Vocci, Frank
AU  - Walsh, Sharon L
AD  - Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Wayne State University, CRS Associates, LLC, 2833 S Princeton Avenue, Chicago, IL 60616, USA
Y1  - 2009/12/01/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Dec 01
SP  - S65
EP  - S71
PB  - Elsevier Ireland, Amsterdam The Netherlands
VL  - 105
IS  - Supplement 1
SN  - 0376-8716, 0376-8716
KW  - Prescription drug abuse Regulation Epidemiology Policy Pharmacovigilance Abuse liability Risk management Surveillance
KW  - Central nervous system
KW  - Risk management
KW  - Regulation
KW  - Drug industry
KW  - Surveillance
KW  - Public health
KW  - article
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LA  - English
DB  - Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA)
N1  - Date revised - 2010-02-03
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-27
N1  - CODEN - DADEDV
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk management; Surveillance; Public health; Regulation; Central nervous system; Drug industry
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2009.08.006
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Rasch Analysis of the SWAN Rating Scale
AN  - 57334639; 200928110
AB  - The prevalence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been estimated at 3--7% in the population. Children with this disorder are often characterized by symptoms of inattention and/or impulsivity and hyperactivity, which can significantly impact on many aspects of their behaviour and performance. This study investigated the characteristics of the SWAN Rating Scale and its discrimination of ADHD subtypes. This instrument was developed by Swanson and his colleagues and measures attentiveness and hyperactivity on a continuum, from attention problems to positive attention skills, using a seven-point scale of behaviour: 'far below average' to 'far above average'. The Australian Twin Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Study consists of questionnaire data collected from families in 1990/2007. The Rasch model was used to measure the characteristics of items from the SWAN Rating Scale; how well these items discriminated between those with and without ADHD. The prevalence of each subtype was found to be 5.3% for inattentive ADHD, 4.3% for hyperactive ADHD and 4.6% for combined ADHD. A total of 14.2% of the cohort appeared to have ADHD. While the inattentive items appeared to be consistent with each other in their measurement behaviour and response patterns, the hyperactive items were less consistent. Further, the combined subtype appeared to be an entirely different type, with unique features unlike the other two subtypes. Further work is needed to distinguish the diagnostic features of each subtype of ADHD. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - Child Psychiatry and Human Development
AU  - Young, Deidra J
AU  - Levy, Florence
AU  - Martin, Neilson C
AU  - Hay, David A
AD  - School of Psychology, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, 6845, WA, Australia
Y1  - 2009/12//
PY  - 2009
DA  - December 2009
SP  - 543
EP  - 559
PB  - Springer, Dordrecht The Netherlands
VL  - 40
IS  - 4
SN  - 0009-398X, 0009-398X
KW  - Twins
KW  - Subtypes
KW  - Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
KW  - Impulsivity
KW  - Prevalence
KW  - Hyperactivity
KW  - article
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LA  - English
DB  - Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA)
N1  - Date revised - 2010-10-21
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-27
N1  - CODEN - CPHDA3
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Subtypes; Hyperactivity; Prevalence; Twins; Impulsivity
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10578-009-0143-z
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Social vaccines to resist and change unhealthy social and economic structures: a useful metaphor for health promotion
AN  - 57322085; 201003826
AB  - The term 'social vaccine' is designed to encourage the biomedically orientated health sector to recognize the legitimacy of action on the distal social and economic determinants of health. It is proposed as a term to assist the health promotion movement in arguing for a social view of health which is so often counter to medical and popular conceptions of health. The idea of a social vaccine builds on a long tradition in social medicine as well as on a biomedical tradition of preventing illness through vaccines that protect against disease. Social vaccines would be promoted as a means to encourage popular mobilization and advocacy to change the social and economic structural conditions that render people and communities vulnerable to disease. They would facilitate social and political processes that develop popular and political will to protect and promote health through action (especially governments prepared to intervene and regulate to protect community health) on the social and economic determinants. Examples provides for the effects of social vaccines are: restoring land owner ship to Indigenous peoples, regulating the advertising of harmful products and progressive taxation for universal social protection. Social vaccines require more research to improve understanding of social and political processes that are likely to improve health equity worldwide. The vaccine metaphor should be helpful it arguing for increased action on the social determinants of health. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - Health Promotion International
AU  - Baum, Fran
AU  - Narayan, Ravi
AU  - Sanders, David
AU  - Patel, Vikram
AU  - Quizhpe, Arturo
AD  - Global Steering Council, People's Health Movement, Southgate Institute for Health, Society and Equity, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide 5001, Australia fran.baum@flinders.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/12//
PY  - 2009
DA  - December 2009
SP  - 428
EP  - 433
PB  - Oxford University Press, UK
VL  - 24
IS  - 4
SN  - 0957-4824, 0957-4824
KW  - social vaccine, social determinants, community participation, health promotion
KW  - Community health
KW  - Advocacy
KW  - Health
KW  - Vaccines
KW  - Traditions
KW  - Health promotion
KW  - article
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LA  - English
DB  - Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA)
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-27
N1  - CODEN - HPINET
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Vaccines; Health; Health promotion; Traditions; Advocacy; Community health
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/heapro/dap026
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Fractured bedrock and saprolite hydrogeologic controls on groundwater/surface-water interaction: a conceptual model (Australia) [Controles hydrogeologiques du socle fracture et de la saprolite sur les interactions eaux souterraines -eaux de surface: un modele conceptuel (Australie)]
AN  - 36380277; 201003-34-0259151 (CE); 11907439 (EN)
AB  - Hydrologic conceptual models of groundwater/surface-water interaction in a saprolite-fractured bedrock geological setting often assume that the saprolite zone is hydraulically more active than the deeper bedrock system and ignore the contribution of deeper groundwater from the fractured bedrock aquifer. A hydraulic, hydrochemical, and tracer-based study was conducted at Scott Creek, Mount Lofty Ranges, South Australia, to explore the importance of both the deeper fractured bedrock aquifer system and the shallow saprolite layer on groundwater/surface-water interaction. The results of this study suggest that groundwater flow in the deeper fractured bedrock zone is highly dynamic and is an important groundwater flow pathway along the hillslope. Deep groundwater is therefore a contributing component in streamflow generation at Scott Creek. The findings of this study suggest that hydrologic conceptual models, which treat the saprolite-fractured bedrock interface as a no-flow boundary and do not consider the deeper fractured bedrock in hydrologic analyses, may be overly simplistic and inherently misleading in some groundwater/surface-water interaction analyses. The results emphasise the need to understand the relative importance of subsurface flow activity in both of these shallow saprolite and deeper bedrock compartments as a basis for developing reliable conceptual hydrologic models of these systems. [Foreign Abstract: Les modeles conceptuels hydrologiques des interactions entre les eaux souterraines et les eaux de surface en contexte geologique de socle fracture et de saprolite se basent souvent sur l'hypothese que la zone de la saprolite est plus active du point de vue hydraulique que le systeme associe au socle en profondeur et ignorent la contribution profonde de l'eau souterraine de la partie fissure de l'aquifere de socle. Une etude hydraulique, hydrogeochimique et basee sur les traceurs a ete menee a Scott Creek dans la chaine du Mont Lofty dans le Sud de l'Australie, afin d'examiner l'importance des interactions hydrauliques entre d'une part le systeme aquifere fracture profond et d'autre part l'horizon de surface de saprolite. Les resultats de cette etude suggerent que l'ecoulement des eaux souterraines dans le socle profond fracture est hautement dynamique et qu'un ecoulement important prend place le long de la pente des reliefs. Les eaux souterraines profondes contribuent a la genese des ecoulements de surface de Scott Creek. De plus, ils suggerent que les modeles hydrologiques conceptuels, qui traitent de l'interface saprolite-socle fracture comme une limite etanche et qui ne considerent pas le systeme profond du socle fracture dans les analyses hydrologiques, sont trop simplistes et menent a une analyse faussee des interactions entre les eaux souterraines et les eaux de surface. Les resultats mettent en exergue la necessite de comprendre l'importance relative des ecoulements dans les horizons superficiels de saprolite et dans les compartiments du socle profond, base indispensable pour etablir des modeles conceptuels hydrologiques fiables de ces systemes.Los modelos hidrologicos conceptuales de la interaccion agua superficial - agua subterraneas en un ambito geologico de roca de basamento fracturada y saprolito a menudo se suponen que la zona de saprolito es hidraulicamente mas activa que el sistema de roca de basamento mas profundo e ignora la contribucion del agua subterranea mas profunda proveniente del acuifero de la roca de basamento fracturada. Un estudio hidraulico, hidroquimico y basado en trazadores fue llevado a cabo en el Arroyo Scott, Mount Lofty Ranges, Australia Meridional, para explorar la importancia de ambos, el sistema acuifero de roca de basamento mas profundo y la capa somera de saprolito sobre la interaccion agua superficial - agua subterranea. Los resultados de este estudio sugieren que el flujo subterraneo en la zona de roca de basamento fracturada profunda es altamente dinamico y es un camino importante para el flujo de agua subterranea a lo largo de la pendiente de la sierra. El agua subterranea profunda es asimismo un componente que contribuye a la generacion del caudal fluvial en el Arroyo Scout. Los resultados de este estudio sugieren que los modelos hidrologicos conceptuales, que tratan la interfase roca de basamento fracturado - saprolito como un limite sin flujo y no consideran el basamento fracturado mas profundo en los analisis hidrologicos pueden ser una vision simplista e inherentemente pueden conducir a incorrecciones en el analisis de la interaccion agua superficial - agua subterranea. Los resultados enfatizan la necesidad de entender la importancia relativa de la actividad del flujo subsuperficial en ambos compartimientos de estas rocas de basamento mas profundas y el saprolito somero como una base para desarrollar modelos hidrologicos conceptuales confiables de estos sistemas.ae[frac12]oeaa[iquest] mu , aa[iquest][frac12]ae[frac12]ae34&#x 00B3;Mount Lofty Scott e[iquest] > , ae[frac12]oe, , aa34", Scott aa34", , -e34[sup1, aa[iquest] mu e[iquest], ae[frac12]oe, e[iquest][tm]aa[iquest] mu Modelos hidrogeologicos conceptuais de interaccao agua subterranea-agua superficial em meios fracturados-alterados (saprolito) assumem frequentemente que a zona de saprolito e hidraulicamente mais activa do que o 'bedrock' mais profundo do sistema, e ignora a contribuicao das aguas subterraneas mais profundas do aquifero fracturado rochoso. Em Scott Creek, Mount Lofty Ranges, no Sul da Australia, foi levado a efeito um estudo com base em metodos hidraulicos, hidroquimicos e tracadores, com o objectivo de avaliar a importancia do sistema aquifero constituido pelo 'bedrock' fracturado e pela camada mais superficial de saprolito, na interaccao agua subterranea-agua superficial. Os resultados deste estudo sugerem que o fluxo de aguas subterraneas na zona do macico rochoso fracturado e altamente dinamico e importante ao longo dos declives das elevacoes. As aguas subterraneas profundas sao, portanto, um contributo para a componente do caudal gerado em Scott Creek. Os resultados deste estudo sugerem que os modelos hidrologicos conceptuais, que tratam a interface saprolito-macico rochoso fracturado como uma fronteira sem fluxo e nao consideram o macico fracturado profundo nas analises hidrologicas, podem ser excessivamente simplistas e inerentemente enganosos em algumas interpretacoes de interface aguas subterraneas-aguas superficiais. Os resultados salientam a necessidade de compreender a importancia relativa da actividade do fluxo subsuperficial em ambos os compartimentos geologicos: saprolito superficial e 'bedrock' profundo, como uma base para o desenvolvimento de modelos conceptuais hidrologicos fiaveis nestes sistemas.]
JF  - Hydrogeology Journal
AU  - Banks, Edward W
AU  - Simmons, Craig T
AU  - Love, Andrew J
AU  - Cranswick, Roger
AU  - Werner, Adrian D
AU  - Bestland, Erick A
AU  - Wood, Martin
AU  - Wilson, Tania
AD  - School of Chemistry, Physics and Earth Sciences, Flinders University South Australia, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, 5001, Australia edward.banks@flinders.edu.au
PY  - 2009
SP  - 1969
EP  - 1989
PB  - Springer-Verlag (Austria), Sachsenplatz 46, P.O. Box 89, Vienna, A-1201, Austria, [URL:http://www.link.springer-ny.com]
VL  - 17
IS  - 8
SN  - 1431-2174, 1431-2174
KW  - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN)
KW  - Publisher ID: s10040-009-0490-7
KW  - Bedrock
KW  - Groundwater
KW  - Hydrology
KW  - Aquifers
KW  - Dynamics
KW  - Active control
KW  - Dynamical systems
KW  - Hydraulics
KW  - Article
KW  - EE 40:Water Pollution: Monitoring, Control & Remediation (EN)
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-11-14
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10040-009-0490-7
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Organizational Pressures and Mitigating Strategies in Small Commercial Aviation: Findings from Alaska
AN  - 21293086; 11844473
AB  - Introduction: Recent attention has focused on the way in which organizational factors can erode safety in aviation, particularly in regions that have a high accident rate, such as Alaska. The present study builds on this work by examining the direct and indirect pressures that can be exerted on pilots by Alaskan operators. In addition, the paper examines ways in which organizations and individuals manage the effects of pressure. Method: Using the critical incident method to uncover situations where the pilot's skills had been challenged, 28 pilots who flew in Alaska were interviewed. A bottom-up qualitative analysis revealed a range of organizational pressures and mitigating strategies. Results: Pilots in Alaska encountered both implicit and explicit norms and expectations to fly in marginal conditions. Pressure also arose from pilots' awareness of the need for their company to make money and from perceived job competition. Some Alaskan operators were able to mitigate the effects of pressure on their pilots and some pilots reported mitigating pressure to fly by managing their employer's expectations and re-emphasizing safety. Discussion: Organizational factors were found to be an important source of pressure for pilots and are likely to contribute to the high accident rate in Alaska. Balancing the competing demands of safety and productivity may be extremely difficult for many small operators, which places a heavy reliance on the decision making of individuals. Both the subtle pressures on individual pilots and strategies for mitigating those pressures are, therefore, extremely important to safety and productivity in small-scale commercial aviation.
JF  - Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine
AU  - Bearman, Chris
AU  - Paletz, Susannah B F
AU  - Orasanu, Judith
AU  - Brooks, Benjamin P
AD  - University of South Australia, Level 7, Playford Building, City East Campus, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, South Australia 5001
Y1  - 2009/12//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Dec 2009
SP  - 1055
EP  - 1058
PB  - Aerospace Medical Association, 320 S. Henry St. Alexandria VA 22314-3579 USA
VL  - 80
IS  - 12
SN  - 0095-6562, 0095-6562
KW  - Health & Safety Science Abstracts
KW  - USA, Alaska
KW  - Qualitative analysis
KW  - mitigation
KW  - Accidents
KW  - pilots
KW  - Perception
KW  - Occupational safety
KW  - decision making
KW  - Crew safety
KW  - H 2000:Transportation
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-02-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Qualitative analysis; Accidents; mitigation; pilots; Perception; Occupational safety; decision making; Crew safety; USA, Alaska
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.3357/ASEM.2590.2009
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Characterization of a Campylobacter jejuni VirK Protein Homolog as a Novel Virulence Determinant ,
AN  - 21282279; 11811823
AB  - Campylobacter jejuni is a leading cause of food-borne illness in the United States. Despite significant recent advances, its mechanisms of pathogenesis are poorly understood. A unique feature of this pathogen is that, with some exceptions, it lacks homologs of known virulence factors from other pathogens. Through a genetic screen, we have identified a C. jejuni homolog of the VirK family of virulence factors, which is essential for antimicrobial peptide resistance and mouse virulence.
JF  - Infection and Immunity
AU  - Novik, Veronica
AU  - Hofreuter, Dirk
AU  - Galan, Jorge E
AD  - Section of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine, Boyer Center for Molecular Medicine, 295 Congress Ave., New Haven, Connecticut 06536, jorge.galan@yale.edu
Y1  - 2009/12//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Dec 2009
SP  - 5428
EP  - 5436
PB  - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA
VL  - 77
IS  - 12
SN  - 0019-9567, 0019-9567
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Immunology Abstracts
KW  - Antimicrobial peptides
KW  - Food
KW  - Genetic screening
KW  - Pathogens
KW  - virulence factors
KW  - Campylobacter jejuni
KW  - A 01340:Antibiotics & Antimicrobials
KW  - J 02350:Immunology
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2013-05-06
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - virulence factors; Food; Genetic screening; Pathogens; Antimicrobial peptides; Campylobacter jejuni
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/IAI.00528-09
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Economic Impact from Unrestricted Spread of Potato Cyst Nematodes in Australia
AN  - 21274761; 11810435
AB  - Potato cyst nematodes (PCN) (Globodera spp.) are quarantine pests with serious potential economic consequences. Recent new detections in Australia, Canada, and the United States have focussed attention on the consequences of spread and economic justifications for alternative responses. Here, a full assessment of the economic impact of PCN spread from a small initial incursion is presented. Models linking spread, population growth, and economic impact are combined to estimate costs of spread without restriction in Australia. Because the characteristics of the Australian PCN populations are currently unknown, the known ranges of parameters were used to obtain cost scenarios, an approach which makes the model predictions applicable generally. Our analysis indicates that mean annual costs associated with spread of PCN would increase rapidly initially, associated with increased testing. Costs would then increase more slowly to peak at over AUD$20 million per year -10 years into the future. Afterward, this annual cost would decrease slightly due to discounting factors. Mean annual costs over 20 years were $18.7 million, with a 90% confidence interval between AUD$11.9 million and AUD$27.0 million. Thus, cumulative losses to Australian agriculture over 20 years may exceed $370 million without action to prevent spread of PCN and entry to new areas.
JF  - Phytopathology
AU  - Hodda, M
AU  - Cook, D C
AD  - CSIRO Entomology, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia, mike.hodda@csiro.au
Y1  - 2009/12//
PY  - 2009
DA  - December 2009
SP  - 1387
EP  - 1393
VL  - 99
IS  - 12
SN  - 0031-949X, 0031-949X
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology
KW  - Agriculture
KW  - Solanum tuberosum
KW  - Population growth
KW  - Economics
KW  - Globodera
KW  - Quarantine
KW  - Pests
KW  - Cysts
KW  - Nematoda
KW  - Models
KW  - A 01360:Plant Diseases
KW  - K 03320:Cell Biology
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-02-04
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agriculture; Population growth; Economics; Quarantine; Pests; Cysts; Models; Solanum tuberosum; Globodera; Nematoda
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-99-12-1387
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Removal of emulsified food and mineral oils from wastewater using surfactant modified barley straw
AN  - 21121656; 11057324
AB  - Barley straw, an agricultural waste, was chemically modified and evaluated for the removal of emulsified oils from aqueous solution. The chemical modification was performed using NaOH and a cationic surfactant, hexadecylpyridinium chloride monohydrate (CPC). The surface textural and chemical properties of the surfactant modified barley straw (BMBS) were characterized by N sub(2) adsorption, FT-IR, SEM and water soluble mineral content. The adsorption tests were carried out in batch adsorption system for removal of standard mineral oil (SMO) and canola oil (CO) from water. For both emulsified oils in wastewater, adsorption was found to be strongly related with solution pH. The isotherm study indicated that emulsified oil adsorption on BMBS could be fitted well with the Langmuir model other than Freundlich model. The maximum adsorption capacity for CO and SMO at 25 C determined from the Langmuir isotherm is 613.3 and 584.2 mg g super(-1), respectively. Desorption tests in water solution show that oil is strongly bonded with adsorbent and desorption is only about 1-2% in 24 h.
JF  - Bioresource Technology
AU  - Ibrahim, Shariff
AU  - Ang, Ha-Ming
AU  - Wang, Shaobin
AD  - Department of Chemical Engineering, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia, shasmach88@gmail.com
Y1  - 2009/12//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Dec 2009
SP  - 5744
EP  - 5749
PB  - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK
VL  - 100
IS  - 23
SN  - 0960-8524, 0960-8524
KW  - Environment Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts
KW  - Hordeum vulgare
KW  - Oil
KW  - Adsorption
KW  - ENA 06:Food & Drugs
KW  - AQ 00007:Industrial Effluents
KW  - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up
KW  - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-02-21
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Adsorption; Oil; Hordeum vulgare
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2009.06.070
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Neritic carbonate for six submerged coral reefs from northern Australia: Implications for Holocene global carbon dioxide
AN  - 21086143; 11093463
AB  - Total contribution of six recently discovered submerged coral reefs in northern Australia to Holocene neritic CaCO sub(3) and CO sub(2) is assessed to address a gap in global budgets. CaCO sub(3) production for the reef framework and inter-reefal deposits is 0.26-0.28 Mt. Holocene CO sub(2) production is 0.14-0.16 Mt. Coral and coralline algae are the dominant sources of Holocene CaCO sub(3) although foraminifers and molluscs are the dominant constituents of inter-reefal deposits. The total amount of Holocene neritic CaCO sub(3) produced by the six submerged coral reefs is several orders of magnitude smaller than that calculated using accepted CaCO sub(3) production values because of very low production, a 'give-up' growth history, and presumed significant dissolution and exports. The contribution of submerged coral reefs to global Holocene neritic CaCO sub(3) is estimated to be 0.26-0.62 Gt, which yields 0.15-0.37 Gt of CO sub(2). This amount of CO sub(2) is 0.02-0.05% of the 780 Gt added to the atmosphere since 18 kyr BP. Contributions from Australian submerged coral reefs are estimated to be 0.05 Gt CaCO sub(3) and 0.03 Gt CO sub(2) for an emergent reef area of 47.9x10 super(3) km super(2). Based on the growth history of the submerged coral reefs in the Gulf of Carpentaria, maximum global Holocene CaCO sub(3) fluxes could have attained 0.3 Gt yr super(-) super(1) between 11 and 7 ka BP. This additional CaCO sub(3) would have culminated in a maximum CaCO sub(3) production from all (emergent and submerged) coral reefs of 1.2 Gt yr super(-) super(1) and neritic CaCO sub(3) production of 2.75 Gt yr super(-) super(1). The dilemma remains that the global area and CaCO sub(3) mass of submerged coral reefs are currently unknown. It is inevitable that many more submerged coral reefs will be found. Our findings imply that submerged coral reefs are a small but fundamental source of Holocene neritic CaCO sub(3) and CO sub(2).
JF  - Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
AU  - Heap, AD
AU  - Harris, P T
AU  - Fountain, L
AD  - GPO Box 378, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia, Andrew.Heap@ga.gov.au
Y1  - 2009/12/01/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Dec 01
SP  - 77
EP  - 90
PB  - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/]
VL  - 283
IS  - 1-2
SN  - 0031-0182, 0031-0182
KW  - Mollusks
KW  - foraminifera
KW  - Ecology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts
KW  - Marine
KW  - Deposits
KW  - Carbonates
KW  - Atmosphere
KW  - Holocene
KW  - Foraminifera
KW  - Coral reefs
KW  - Dissolution
KW  - Marine molluscs
KW  - Mollusca
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - ISEW, Australia, Carpentaria Gulf
KW  - carbonates
KW  - Algae
KW  - Q2 09273:Palaeontology
KW  - O 1080:Multi-disciplinary Studies
KW  - K 03320:Cell Biology
KW  - D 04050:Paleoecology
KW  - Q1 08187:Palaeontology
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-05
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Carbonates; Coral reefs; Marine molluscs; Carbon dioxide; Holocene; Deposits; Dissolution; carbonates; Atmosphere; Algae; Foraminifera; Mollusca; ISEW, Australia, Carpentaria Gulf; Marine
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2009.08.003
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Removal of MIB and geosmin using granular activated carbon with and without MIEX pre-treatment
AN  - 1730068446; 12929571
AB  - This study assessed the impact of MIEX pre-treatment, followed by either coagulation or microfiltration (MF), on the effectiveness of pilot granular activated carbon (GAC) filters for the removal of the taste and odour compounds, 2-methylisoborneol (MIB) and geosmin, from a surface drinking water source over a 2-year period. Complete removal of MIB and geosmin was achieved by all GAC filters for the first 10 months, suggesting that the available adsorption capacity was sufficient to compensate for differences in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) entering the GAC filters. Reduction of empty bed contact time (EBCT), in all but one GAC filter, resulted in breakthrough of spiked MIB and geosmin, with initial results inconclusive regarding the impact of MIEX pre-treatment. MIB and geosmin removal increased over the ensuing 12 months until complete removal of both MIB and geosmin was again achieved in all but one GAC filter, which had been pre-chlorinated. Autoclaving and washing the GAC filters had minimal impact on geosmin removal but reduced MIB removal by 30% in all but the pre-chlorinated filter, confirming that biodegradation impacted MIB removal. The impact of biodegradation was greater than any impact on GAC adsorption arising from DOC differences due to MIEX pre-treatment. It is not clear whether, at a lower initial EBCT, MIEX pre-treatment may have impacted on the adsorption capacity of the virgin GAC. The GAC filter maintained at the longer EBCT, which was also pre-chlorinated, completely removed MIB and geosmin for the period of the study, suggesting that the greater adsorption capacity was compensating for any decrease in biological degradation.
JF  - Water Research
AU  - Drikas, Mary
AU  - Dixon, Mike
AU  - Morran, Jim
AD  - Australian Water Quality Centre, South Australian Water Corporation, GPO Box 1751, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia mary.drikas@sawater.com.au
Y1  - 2009/12//
PY  - 2009
DA  - December 2009
SP  - 5151
EP  - 5159
PB  - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK
VL  - 43
IS  - 20
SN  - 0043-1354, 0043-1354
KW  - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE)
KW  - Reduction
KW  - Carbon
KW  - Biodegradation
KW  - Activated carbon
KW  - Adsorption
KW  - Dissolution
KW  - Drinking water
KW  - Surface chemistry
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2013-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-05-18
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2009.08.016
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - An antipodean test of spatial contagion in front garden character
AN  - 20936647; 11035381
AB  - In Montreal, Canada, adjacent gardens have been demonstrated to be more similar than spatially separated gardens, opposite gardens less similar than adjacent ones, and front garden characteristics to relate to house and lot characteristics. The prevalence of these relationships in Hobart, Tasmania, Australia was tested using a random sample of groups of five front gardens from 31 suburbs, and house and garden characteristics from 13 groups of 10 adjacent front gardens. Groups of five gardens were diverse, with an average of 3.4 garden types. Opposite houses had exactly the same likelihood of having the same garden type as adjacent houses. In only one out of 13 streets was there a significant relationship between house proximity and distance between front garden characteristics. In three out of the 13 streets there was a significant relationship between distance for garden characteristics and distance for house characteristics, these being streets in the process of transition from old to new housing stock. The absence, or extreme weakness, in Hobart of the relationships shown for Montreal might be explicable by differences in social and cultural attitudes towards front gardens, differences in the prevalence of a range of garden ideologies or variation in the type, incidence and enforcement of regulations. Our results suggest that, in Hobart and probably elsewhere in Australia, those wishing to impose limits on front garden expression, or encourage particular attributes of front gardens, cannot rely on a process of neighbourhood diffusion. The options for planners appear to be regulation, financial incentives or acceptance.
JF  - Landscape and Urban Planning
AU  - Kirkpatrick, J
AU  - Daniels, G
AU  - Davison, A
AD  - University of Tasmania, Private Bag 78, GPO, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia, J.Kirkpatrick@utas.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/11/30/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Nov 30
SP  - 103
EP  - 110
PB  - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/]
VL  - 93
IS  - 2
SN  - 0169-2046, 0169-2046
KW  - Ecology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Housing
KW  - attitudes
KW  - Urban planning
KW  - Planning
KW  - Diffusion
KW  - Houses
KW  - Australia, Tasmania, Hobart
KW  - Landscape
KW  - Canada, Quebec, Montreal
KW  - suburbs
KW  - Canada
KW  - Residential areas
KW  - culture
KW  - ENA 05:Environmental Design & Urban Ecology
KW  - D 04060:Management and Conservation
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-10-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Houses; Housing; Landscape; Planning; Diffusion; Urban planning; suburbs; Residential areas; culture; attitudes; Canada, Quebec, Montreal; Canada; Australia, Tasmania, Hobart
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2009.06.009
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The plasmodium receptor for activated C kinase protein inhibits Ca super(2) super(+) signaling in mammalian cells
AN  - 21086242; 11093373
AB  - Plasmodium falciparum, the most lethal malarial parasite, expresses an ortholog for the protein kinase C (PKC) activator RACK1. However, PKC has not been identified in this parasite, and the mammalian RACK1 can interact with the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (InsP3R). Therefore we investigated whether the Plasmodium ortholog PfRACK also can affect InsP3R-mediated Ca super(2) super(+) signaling in mammalian cells. GFP-tagged PfRACK and endogenous RACK1 were expressed in a similar distribution within cells. PfRACK inhibited agonist-induced Ca super(2) super(+) signals in cells expressing each isoform of the InsP3R, and this effect persisted when expression of endogenous RACK1 was reduced by siRNA. PfRACK also inhibited Ca super(2) super(+) signals induced by photorelease of caged InsP3. These findings provide evidence that PfRACK directly inhibits InsP3-mediated Ca super(2) super(+) signaling in mammalian cells. Interference with host cell signaling pathways to subvert the host intracellular milieu may be an important mechanism for parasite survival. protein
JF  - Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
AU  - Sartorello, R
AU  - Amaya, MJ
AU  - Nathanson, M H
AU  - Garcia, CRS
AD  - Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA, sartorello@gmail.com
Y1  - 2009/11/27/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Nov 27
SP  - 586
EP  - 592
PB  - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/]
VL  - 389
IS  - 4
SN  - 0006-291X, 0006-291X
KW  - ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts
KW  - Protein kinase C
KW  - Cell survival
KW  - Parasites
KW  - Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors
KW  - Receptors
KW  - Plasmodium falciparum
KW  - Hosts
KW  - Mammalian cells
KW  - siRNA
KW  - Proteins
KW  - Calcium signalling
KW  - Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
KW  - Signal transduction
KW  - T 2000:Cellular Calcium
KW  - Q1 08587:Diseases of Cultured Organisms
KW  - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms
KW  - K 03320:Cell Biology
KW  - Q3 08587:Diseases of Cultured Organisms
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemical+and+Biophysical+Research+Communications&rft.atitle=The+plasmodium+receptor+for+activated+C+kinase+protein+inhibits+Ca+super%282%29+super%28%2B%29+signaling+in+mammalian+cells&rft.au=Sartorello%2C+R%3BAmaya%2C+MJ%3BNathanson%2C+M+H%3BGarcia%2C+CRS&rft.aulast=Sartorello&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2009-11-27&rft.volume=389&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=586&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochemical+and+Biophysical+Research+Communications&rft.issn=0006291X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.bbrc.2009.09.025
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-10-28
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Parasites; Receptors; Proteins; Hosts; Cell survival; Protein kinase C; siRNA; Mammalian cells; Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors; Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate; Calcium signalling; Signal transduction; Plasmodium falciparum
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.09.025
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - High levels of extra-pair paternity in Superb Fairy-wrens in South Australia despite low frequency of auxiliary males
AN  - 762272833; 13811760
AB  - The Superb Fairy-wren (Malurus cyaneus) is a model system in which to study cooperative breeding and extra-pair paternity. Previous studies in this species have shown that 61-76% of nestlings were extra-pair young and 92-95% of nests contained at least one extra-pair young. Furthermore, the probability of extra-pair paternity was higher when auxiliary males were present. We studied group size and extra-pair paternity in South Australia where, unlike other study sites, auxiliary males were relatively uncommon: 16% of nests had one auxiliary male compared to 37-80% with at least one auxiliary per nest in other studies. We predicted a lower incidence of extra-pair paternity, given the shortage of auxiliary males. Our results did not support this prediction: we found extra-pair paternity among 67% of nestlings and 83% of nests.
JF  - Emu
AU  - Colombelli-Negrel, Diane
AU  - Schlotfeldt, Beth E
AU  - Kleindorfer, Sonia
AD  - School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia, sonia.kleindorfer@flinders.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/11/24/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Nov 24
SP  - 300
EP  - 304
PB  - CSIRO Publishing, PO Box 1139 Collingwood Vic. 3066 Australia
VL  - 109
IS  - 4
SN  - 0158-4197, 0158-4197
KW  - Animal Behavior Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts
KW  - Extra-pair paternity
KW  - Group size
KW  - Breeding
KW  - Malurus cyaneus
KW  - Nests
KW  - Y 25020:Territory, Reproduction and Sociality
KW  - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Emu&rft.atitle=High+levels+of+extra-pair+paternity+in+Superb+Fairy-wrens+in+South+Australia+despite+low+frequency+of+auxiliary+males&rft.au=Colombelli-Negrel%2C+Diane%3BSchlotfeldt%2C+Beth+E%3BKleindorfer%2C+Sonia&rft.aulast=Colombelli-Negrel&rft.aufirst=Diane&rft.date=2009-11-24&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=300&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Emu&rft.issn=01584197&rft_id=info:doi/10.1071%2FMU09035
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2012-03-29
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Group size; Extra-pair paternity; Breeding; Nests; Malurus cyaneus
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/MU09035
ER  - 



TY  - CPAPER
T1  - The Transformation of Community and the Development of Local Democracy in Japan
T2  - 2009 Annual Meeting of the Northeastern Political Science Association
AN  - 42173329; 5569697
JF  - 2009 Annual Meeting of the Northeastern Political Science Association
AU  - Ito, Hironori
Y1  - 2009/11/19/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Nov 19
KW  - Japan
KW  - Democracy
KW  - Transformation
KW  - U 7000:Multidisciplinary
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-04-06
N1  - Last updated - 2010-05-03
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The Market Structure of the Health Insurance Industry
AN  - 1504417748; 2011-564923
AB  - This report discusses whether or not the current health insurance market structure hinders the US health system's ability to reach the policy goals of expanding health insurance coverage and containing health care costs. It describes the forces that have shaped the health insurance industry, including its historical evolution, characteristics of health care and health insurance, determinants of supply and demand for health insurance, and the nature of competition among health insurers. Reasons for high market concentration are discussed, along with profitability measures for the industry; and options for Congress regarding the health insurance industry are analyzed. Tables, Figures, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Nov 17 2009, 61 pp.
AU  - Austin, D Andrew
AU  - Hungerford, Thomas L
Y1  - 2009/11/17/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Nov 17
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Business and service sector - Insurance
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Health and health policy
KW  - Manufacturing and heavy industry - Industry and industrial policy
KW  - Business and service sector - Markets, marketing, and merchandising
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Medicine and health care
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic conditions
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic theory
KW  - Cost
KW  - United States
KW  - Health insurance
KW  - Medical service
KW  - Markets
KW  - Competition
KW  - Supply and demand
KW  - Industry
KW  - book
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L2  - https://opencrs.com/document/R40834/2009-11-17/download/1005/
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2014-03-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress no. R40834
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - CPAPER
T1  - Impact of Gender Differences in COPD
T2  - 14th Congress of the APSR and 3rd Joint Congress of the APSR/ACCP (APSR 2009)
AN  - 42097916; 5525605
JF  - 14th Congress of the APSR and 3rd Joint Congress of the APSR/ACCP (APSR 2009)
AU  - Ortakoylu, Gonenc
Y1  - 2009/11/14/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Nov 14
KW  - Sex
KW  - Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
KW  - Sex differences
KW  - U 2000:Biological Sciences
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L2  - http://www.apsr2009.org/board/download.php?code=downloads&num=29&comm=
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-04-06
N1  - Last updated - 2010-05-03
ER  - 



TY  - CPAPER
T1  - The Diagnostic Value of Cope Needle Biyopsy in Tuberculous Pleural Effusions
T2  - 14th Congress of the APSR and 3rd Joint Congress of the APSR/ACCP (APSR 2009)
AN  - 42091234; 5525520
JF  - 14th Congress of the APSR and 3rd Joint Congress of the APSR/ACCP (APSR 2009)
AU  - Ortakoylu, G
Y1  - 2009/11/14/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Nov 14
KW  - Pleural effusion
KW  - Tuberculosis
KW  - U 2000:Biological Sciences
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42091234?accountid=14244
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L2  - http://www.apsr2009.org/board/download.php?code=downloads&num=29&comm=
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-04-06
N1  - Last updated - 2010-05-03
ER  - 



TY  - CPAPER
T1  - Patterns of the Hospitalization in Very Elderly Patients with Respiratory Diseases
T2  - 14th Congress of the APSR and 3rd Joint Congress of the APSR/ACCP (APSR 2009)
AN  - 42089845; 5525804
JF  - 14th Congress of the APSR and 3rd Joint Congress of the APSR/ACCP (APSR 2009)
AU  - Bahadir, Ayse
Y1  - 2009/11/14/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Nov 14
KW  - Respiratory diseases
KW  - Elderly
KW  - Respiration
KW  - Geriatrics
KW  - Metabolism
KW  - U 2000:Biological Sciences
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42089845?accountid=14244
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L2  - http://www.apsr2009.org/board/download.php?code=downloads&num=29&comm=
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-04-06
N1  - Last updated - 2010-05-03
ER  - 



TY  - CPAPER
T1  - The Prevalance of Comorbidity in Very Elderly Patients with Respiratory Diesases
T2  - 14th Congress of the APSR and 3rd Joint Congress of the APSR/ACCP (APSR 2009)
AN  - 42084979; 5525805
JF  - 14th Congress of the APSR and 3rd Joint Congress of the APSR/ACCP (APSR 2009)
AU  - Bahadir, Ayse
Y1  - 2009/11/14/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Nov 14
KW  - Elderly
KW  - Morbidity
KW  - Geriatrics
KW  - Respiration
KW  - Metabolism
KW  - U 2000:Biological Sciences
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42084979?accountid=14244
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L2  - http://www.apsr2009.org/board/download.php?code=downloads&num=29&comm=
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-04-06
N1  - Last updated - 2010-05-03
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Innovative treatment system for digester liquor using anammox process
AN  - 883048246; 15305388
AB  - This study demonstrated that partial nitritation using nitrifying activated sludge entrapped in a polyethylene glycol (PEG) gel carrier, as a pretreatment to anammox process, could be successfully applied to digester liquor of biogas plant at a nitrogen loading rate of 3.0 kg-N/m super(3/d. The nitritation process produced an effluent with a NO) sub(2)-N/NH sub(4-N ratio between 1.0 and 1.4, which was found to be suitable for the subsequent anammox process. A high SS concentration (2000-3000 mg/l) in the digester liquor did not affect partial nitritation treatment performances. Effluent from this partial nitritation reactor was successfully treated in the anammox reactor using anammox sludge entrapped in the PEG gel carrier with T-N removal rates of greater than 4.0 kg-N/m) super(3)/d. Influent BOD and SS contents did not inhibit anammox activity of the anammox gel carrier. The combination of partial nitritation and anammox reactors using PEG entrapped nitrifying and anammox bacteria was shown to be effective for the removal of high concentration ammonium in the digester liquor of a biogas plant.
JF  - Bioresource Technology
AU  - Furukawa, Kenji
AU  - Inatomi, Yasuhiko
AU  - Qiao, Sen
AU  - Quan, Lai
AU  - Yamamoto, Taichi
AU  - Isaka, Kazuichi
AU  - Sumino, Tatsuo
Y1  - 2009/11//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Nov 2009
SP  - 5437
EP  - 5443
PB  - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom
VL  - 100
IS  - 22
SN  - 0960-8524, 0960-8524
KW  - Environment Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts
KW  - Partial-Nitritation
KW  - Anammox
KW  - Immobilization
KW  - Digester liquor
KW  - Ammonium
KW  - biogas
KW  - influents
KW  - Effluents
KW  - Activated sludge
KW  - Bioreactors
KW  - Biochemical oxygen demand
KW  - innovations
KW  - Polyethylene glycol
KW  - Biogas
KW  - Nitrogen
KW  - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up
KW  - ENA 19:Water Pollution
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2011-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-19
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ammonium; Activated sludge; Bioreactors; biogas; Effluents; Polyethylene glycol; Nitrogen; innovations; Biochemical oxygen demand; influents; Biogas
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2008.11.055
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - A semantic analysis of Japanese epistemic markers: chigainai and hazuda
AN  - 85713790; 201001084
AB  - This paper presents a semantic analysis of two epistemic markers in Japanese -- chigainai and hazuda. These are often translated as I am sure, must, or should in English, and they indicate the speaker's certainty about the truth or falsehood of a proposition. While chigainai and hazuda are semantically similar, they are not always interchangeable. Thus questions arise about the level of certainty implied by the terms and also about how to articulate their differences. Although certainty is a convenient vehicle for capturing the meaning, it is problematic in explaining the differences between these synonyms since the level of certainty cannot be accurately articulated. Previous studies have attempted to explicate the differences between the two expressions by the use of qualifying terms such as 'firm faith', 'reliable and firm grounds', or 'absolute basis for assertion'. These attempts are also problematic because the definitions they propose are not necessarily consistent with the actual usage of each expression. Alternatively, this paper adopts the framework of the Natural Semantic Metalanguage (NSM) Theory. It addresses the issue of how to explain the speaker's certainty by using semantic primes. The findings of the study indicate that the semantic differences between chigainai and hazuda are not concerned with the degree of the speaker's certainty. Instead, the meanings of the expressions are illustrated by cognitive scenarios such as 'I can't think not like this', or 'I think that it can't be not like this'. The definitions proposed by this approach clarify the differences between chigainai and hazuda, and more generally serve as a practical guide to the understanding of the epistemic markers in Japanese. [Copyright Elsevier Ltd.]
JF  - Language Sciences
AU  - Asano-Cavanagh, Yuko
AD  - Dept Asian Languages, School Social Sciences & Asian Languages, Curtin U Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth WA 6845, Australia Y.Asano@curtin.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/11//
PY  - 2009
DA  - November 2009
SP  - 837
EP  - 852
VL  - 31
IS  - 6
SN  - 0388-0001, 0388-0001
KW  - Natural Semantic Metalanguage (56610)
KW  - Lexical Semantics (46770)
KW  - Modality (Semantic) (54610)
KW  - Semantic Analysis (76570)
KW  - Japanese (39500)
KW  - Modal Particles (54580)
KW  - article
KW  - 4414: semantics; lexical semantics
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Allba&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Language+Sciences&rft.atitle=A+semantic+analysis+of+Japanese+epistemic+markers%3A+chigainai+and+hazuda&rft.au=Asano-Cavanagh%2C+Yuko&rft.aulast=Asano-Cavanagh&rft.aufirst=Yuko&rft.date=2009-11-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=837&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Language+Sciences&rft.issn=03880001&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Linguistics and Language Behavior Abstracts (LLBA)
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-27
N1  - CODEN - LASCBG
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Modal Particles (54580); Japanese (39500); Modality (Semantic) (54610); Lexical Semantics (46770); Natural Semantic Metalanguage (56610); Semantic Analysis (76570)
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Growth and Reproduction of the Intertidal Dotillid Crab Ilyoplax deschampsi
AN  - 851472014; 14073319
AB  - Growth and reproduction of the intertidal dotillid crab Ilyoplax deschampsi were studied in the Ariake Sea, Japan, and life history traits were compared with those of three other species of Ilyoplax occurring in temperate regions. New recruits of I. deschampsi occurred mainly in July and August, and their carapace widths (CW) were about 2 mm. They grew to 4 mm CW by December, and to 7 mm CW by the following July. Some crabs reached reproductive maturity in the second year of life, but others remained immature until the third year. Most crabs did not survive the third year. The main breeding season was from May to July, which ceased earlier than in other temperate species of Ilyoplax. Hepatic and ovarian weights were highest in early May and early June, respectively, and rapidly decreased after August. The earlier breeding of I. deschampsi is thought to be an adaptation for avoiding hot, dry habitat conditions during summer.
JF  - Journal of Crustacean Biology
AU  - Henmi, Yasuhisa
AU  - Koga, Hiroaki
Y1  - 2009/11//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Nov 2009
SP  - 516
EP  - 522
PB  - Crustacean Society
VL  - 29
IS  - 4
SN  - 0278-0372, 0278-0372
KW  - Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts
KW  - Adaptations
KW  - Marine
KW  - INW, Japan, Kyushu, Ariake Sea
KW  - Decapoda
KW  - Reproduction
KW  - Marine crustaceans
KW  - D:04040
KW  - O 1030:Invertebrates
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2011-02-01
N1  - Number of references - 1
N1  - Last updated - 2014-02-21
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine crustaceans; Reproduction; Decapoda; INW, Japan, Kyushu, Ariake Sea; Marine
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1651/08-3108.1
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - TRASH OR TREASURE?: Putting Coal Combustion Waste to Work
AN  - 746274044; 12747716
AB  - Abstract not available.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Tenenbaum, David J
Y1  - 2009/11//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Nov 2009
SP  - A490
EP  - A497
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 1
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Coal
KW  - Combustion
KW  - ENA 11:Non-Renewable Resources
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/746274044?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=TRASH+OR+TREASURE%3F%3A+Putting+Coal+Combustion+Waste+to+Work&rft.au=Tenenbaum%2C+David+J&rft.aulast=Tenenbaum&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2009-11-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=A490&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-05-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Coal; Combustion
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS: Conference, Hearing Call Up Cell Phone Use
AN  - 746199222; 12746974
AB  - Abstract not available.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Betts, Kellyn S
Y1  - 2009/11//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Nov 2009
SP  - A486
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 1
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - cellular telephones
KW  - Conferences
KW  - Electromagnetic fields
KW  - ENA 06:Food & Drugs
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/746199222?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=ELECTROMAGNETIC+FIELDS%3A+Conference%2C+Hearing+Call+Up+Cell+Phone+Use&rft.au=Betts%2C+Kellyn+S&rft.aulast=Betts&rft.aufirst=Kellyn&rft.date=2009-11-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=A486&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-05-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cellular telephones; Conferences; Electromagnetic fields
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Electromagnetic Fields and the Precautionary Principle
AN  - 746198841; 12747218
AB  - Abstract not available.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Kundi, Michael
AU  - Hardell, Lennart
AU  - Sage, Cindy
AU  - Sobel, Eugene
Y1  - 2009/11//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Nov 2009
SP  - A484
EP  - A485
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 1
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - precautionary principle
KW  - Electromagnetic fields
KW  - ENA 06:Food & Drugs
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/746198841?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Electromagnetic+Fields+and+the+Precautionary+Principle&rft.au=Kundi%2C+Michael%3BHardell%2C+Lennart%3BSage%2C+Cindy%3BSobel%2C+Eugene&rft.aulast=Kundi&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2009-11-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=A484&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/10.1289%2Fehp.0901111
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-05-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - precautionary principle; Electromagnetic fields
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0901111
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - MATERIALS SCIENCE: Bringing Biolubricants to Industry
AN  - 746197874; 12747170
AB  - Abstract not available.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Potera, Carol
Y1  - 2009/11//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Nov 2009
SP  - A488
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 1
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Lubrication
KW  - Lubricants
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/746197874?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=MATERIALS+SCIENCE%3A+Bringing+Biolubricants+to+Industry&rft.au=Potera%2C+Carol&rft.aulast=Potera&rft.aufirst=Carol&rft.date=2009-11-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=A488&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-05-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Lubrication; Lubricants
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Association between bone mineral density and lifestyle factors or vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism in adult male workers: a cross-sectional study
AN  - 746005549; 12888384
AB  - Abstract
JF  - Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine
AU  - Funakoshi, Yayoi
AU  - Omori, Hisamitsu
AU  - Katoh, Takahiko
AD  - Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjou, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan, katoht@gpo.kumamoto-u.ac.jp
Y1  - 2009/11//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Nov 2009
SP  - 328
EP  - 335
PB  - Japanese Society for Hygiene
VL  - 14
IS  - 6
SN  - 1342-078X, 1342-078X
KW  - Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts; Physical Education Index
KW  - Workers
KW  - Bone mineral density
KW  - Gene polymorphism
KW  - Vitamins
KW  - Vitamin D receptors
KW  - Adults
KW  - Lifestyle
KW  - PE 090:Sports Medicine & Exercise Sport Science
KW  - T 2025:Bone and Bone Diseases
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/746005549?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aphysicaleducation&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+and+Preventive+Medicine&rft.atitle=Association+between+bone+mineral+density+and+lifestyle+factors+or+vitamin+D+receptor+gene+polymorphism+in+adult+male+workers%3A+a+cross-sectional+study&rft.au=Funakoshi%2C+Yayoi%3BOmori%2C+Hisamitsu%3BKatoh%2C+Takahiko&rft.aulast=Funakoshi&rft.aufirst=Yayoi&rft.date=2009-11-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=328&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+and+Preventive+Medicine&rft.issn=1342078X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12199-009-0104-y
L2  - http://www.springerlink.com/content/7330534g8w807023/?p=a63f96d75e524e2d9da49bac44124da4&pi=2
LA  - English
DB  - Physical Education Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-06-01
N1  - Last updated - 2013-05-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bone mineral density; Vitamins; Adults; Lifestyle; Workers; Gene polymorphism; Vitamin D receptors
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12199-009-0104-y
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Foreign relations of the United States, 1969-1976, volume XL: Germany and Berlin, 1969-1972
AN  - 743801478; 3953541
JF  - International affairs [London]
AU  - Geyer, David C
AU  - Morgan, Roger
AU  - Morgan, Roger
Y1  - 2009/11//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Nov 2009
SP  - 1265
EP  - 1266
PB  - Government Printing Office
VL  - 85
IS  - 6
SN  - 0020-5850, 0020-5850
KW  - Political Science
KW  - Foreign policy
KW  - Germany (West)
KW  - Cold War
KW  - Diplomacy
KW  - History of international relations
KW  - U.S.A.
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/743801478?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=International+affairs+%5BLondon%5D&rft.atitle=Foreign+relations+of+the+United+States%2C+1969-1976%2C+volume+XL%3A+Germany+and+Berlin%2C+1969-1972&rft.au=Geyer%2C+David+C%3BMorgan%2C+Roger&rft.aulast=Geyer&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2009-11-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1265&rft.isbn=9780160790164&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+affairs+%5BLondon%5D&rft.issn=00205850&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS)
N1  - Date revised - 2013-06-12
N1  - Last updated - 2013-09-16
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 5906 6784; 2463 13443 2698 9934 476 8168 5889; 3564 6784; 5200 5574 10472; 433 293 14; 146 144 462 129
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Power of Primary Sources
AN  - 57748060; 201001875
AB  - Primary sources include diaries, letters, journals, oral interviews, historic documents, photos, and newspapers as well as sheet music, drawings, maps, movies, passports, athletic event ticket stubs and statistics, campaign buttons, quilts, flyers, political cartoons, telegrams, blogs, YouTube videos, tweets, and even cell phone messages. Whether it is a traditional print document or a Web 2.0 digital file, primary sources have many potential benefits, such as build awareness and knowledge; develop personal connections; enhance teaching and learning by engaging and motivating students; foster inquiry and critical thinking; and appeal to multiple senses and many learning styles. This article looks at ways primary sources are used in classrooms and media centers, focusing on instructional situations including brief teachable moments and longer instructional units. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - MultiMedia & Internet@Schools
AU  - Anderson, Mary Alice
AD  - Library of Congress TPS Direct Professional Development Review Committee maryalicea@mac.com
Y1  - 2009/11//
PY  - 2009
DA  - November 2009
SP  - 35
EP  - 38
PB  - Information Today Inc, Medford, NJ
VL  - 16
IS  - 6
SN  - 1546-4636, 1546-4636
KW  - Educational materials
KW  - Source materials
KW  - article
KW  - 17.11: EDUCATION
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57748060?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Alisa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=MultiMedia+%26+Internet%40Schools&rft.atitle=The+Power+of+Primary+Sources&rft.au=Anderson%2C+Mary+Alice&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=2009-11-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=35&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=MultiMedia+%26+Internet%40Schools&rft.issn=15464636&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Library & Information Science Abstracts (LISA)
N1  - Date revised - 2015-06-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-27
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Source materials; Educational materials
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Teaching with Primary Sources: Professional from the Library of Congress at Your Fingertips
AN  - 57741237; 201001901
AB  - Information technologies have brought unprecedented challenges to educators, including the need to deal with an overwhelming array of information sources. The Library of Congress is in a great position to help educators meet these challenges and connect today's students with a powerful repository of knowledge. The Library aims to provide the tools necessary for teachers to help students take advantage of the potential of primary sources and develop critical thinking towards history and the world around them. In 2005, the Library teamed up with Congress to establish the Teaching with Primary Sources (TPS) program, which delivers professional development programs that help teachers design challenging, high-quality, resource-based instruction using the Library's rich collection of digitized primary source materials. Library media specialists play a vital role in bringing these resources to the educators and integrating the resources into instruction. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - Knowledge Quest
AU  - Ridgway, Elizabeth
AD  - Educational Outreach, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C elri@loc.gov
Y1  - 2009/11//
PY  - 2009
DA  - November 2009
SP  - 60
EP  - 61
PB  - American Library Association, Chicago IL
VL  - 38
IS  - 2
SN  - 1094-9046, 1094-9046
KW  - Professional development
KW  - Library of Congress
KW  - Source materials
KW  - Educational materials
KW  - article
KW  - 17.11: EDUCATION
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57741237?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Alisa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Knowledge+Quest&rft.atitle=Teaching+with+Primary+Sources%3A+Professional+from+the+Library+of+Congress+at+Your+Fingertips&rft.au=Ridgway%2C+Elizabeth&rft.aulast=Ridgway&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft.date=2009-11-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=60&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Knowledge+Quest&rft.issn=10949046&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Library & Information Science Abstracts (LISA)
N1  - Date revised - 2015-06-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-27
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Educational materials; Source materials; Professional development; Library of Congress
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - When Books are Your Friends
AN  - 57691217; 201001882
AB  - The Internet is an excellent medium to learn languages online. Whereas language learners in the 1980s and early 1990s only had email lists and bulletin boards at their disposal, there are now a variety of web sites that offer help on how to learn new languages. Conversation sites, for example, make it possible for native speakers of one language who are learning another to connect with native speakers of the other language wanting to learn their own. Many sites connect learners directly with tutors online, regardless of location. One interesting site is Lang-8.com, a social network designed to help language learners improve their writing skills. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - Computers in Libraries
AU  - Chudnow, Daniel
AD  - Information Technology, Office of Strategic Initiatives, Library of Congress daniel.chudnov@gmail.com
Y1  - 2009/11//
PY  - 2009
DA  - November 2009
SP  - 26
EP  - 28
PB  - Information Today Inc
VL  - 29
IS  - 10
SN  - 1041-7915, 1041-7915
KW  - Web sites
KW  - Distance learning
KW  - Languages
KW  - article
KW  - 17.11: EDUCATION
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57691217?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Alisa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computers+in+Libraries&rft.atitle=When+Books+are+Your+Friends&rft.au=Chudnow%2C+Daniel&rft.aulast=Chudnow&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2009-11-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=26&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computers+in+Libraries&rft.issn=10417915&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Library & Information Science Abstracts (LISA)
N1  - Date revised - 2010-02-03
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-27
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Distance learning; Languages; Web sites
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Why the "Big Deal" Continues to Persist
AN  - 57691189; 201001337
AB  - The advantages of bundling e-journals together into publisher collections include increased access to information for the subscribing institution's clients, purchasing cost-effectiveness, and streamlined workflows. Although cataloging a consortial e-journal collection has its advantages, there are also various pitfalls and the author outlines efforts by the CAUL (Council of Australian University Libraries) Consortium libraries to further streamline this process, working in conjunction with major publishers. Despite the advantages that publisher collections provide, pressures to unbundle existing packages continue to build, fueled by an ever-increasing selection of available electronic resources decreases in, and competing demands on, library budgets the impact of currency fluctuations and poor usage for an alarmingly high proportion of collection titles. Consortial perspectives on bundling and unbundling titles are discussed, including options for managing the addition of new titles to the bundle and why customizing consortial collections currently does not work. Unbundling analyses carried out at Queensland University of Technology from 2006 to 2008, prior to the renewal of several major publisher collections, are presented as further case studies that illustrate why the "Big Deal" continues to persist. Adapted from the source document. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - The Serials Librarian Serials Librarian
AU  - Cleary, Colleen
AD  - Library Resource Services, Queensland University of Technology Library, G.P.O. Box 2434, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia c.cleary@qu.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/11//
PY  - 2009
DA  - November 2009
SP  - 364
EP  - 379
PB  - Taylor & Francis, Philadelphia PA
VL  - 57
IS  - 4
SN  - 0361-526X, 0361-526X
KW  - Big Deal, advantages, workflows, consortia, case study, unbundle
KW  - Library consortia
KW  - Purchasing
KW  - Electronic periodicals
KW  - article
KW  - 6.12: FINANCE
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57691189?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Alisa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Serials+Librarian+Serials+Librarian&rft.atitle=Why+the+%22Big+Deal%22+Continues+to+Persist&rft.au=Cleary%2C+Colleen&rft.aulast=Cleary&rft.aufirst=Colleen&rft.date=2009-11-01&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=364&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Serials+Librarian+Serials+Librarian&rft.issn=0361526X&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Library & Information Science Abstracts (LISA)
N1  - Date revised - 2010-02-03
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-27
N1  - CODEN - SELID4
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Purchasing; Electronic periodicals; Library consortia
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Seasonal Pattern of Pneumonia Mortality among Under-Five Children in Nairobi's Informal Settlements
AN  - 21260662; 11848091
AB  - Using longitudinal data from the Nairobi Urban and Demographic Surveillance System (NUHDSS), we examined the seasonal pattern of pneumonia mortality among under-five children living in Nairobi's slums. We included 17,787 under-five children resident in the NUHDSS from January 1, 2003 to December 31, 2005 in the analysis. Four hundred thirty-six deaths were observed and cause of death was ascertained by verbal autopsy for 377 of these deaths. Using Poisson regression, we modeled the quarterly mortality risk for pneumonia. The overall person-years (PYs) were 21,804 giving a mortality rate of 20.1 per 1,000 PYs in the study population. Pneumonia was the leading cause of death contributing 25.7% of the total deaths. Pneumonia mortality was highest in the second quarter (risk ratio [RR] = 2.3, confidence interval [CI]: 1.2-4.2 compared with the fourth quarter). The study provides evidence that pneumonia-related mortality among under-fives in Nairobi's slums is higher from April to June corresponding to the rainy season and the beginning of the cold season.
JF  - American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
AU  - Ye, Y
AU  - Zulu, E
AU  - Mutisya, M
AU  - Orindi, B
AU  - Emina, J
AU  - Kyobutungi, C
AD  - African Population and Health Research Center (APHRC), Shelter Afrique Center, 2nd Flr, Longonot Road, Upper Hill, PO Box 10787 00100, GPO, Nairobi, Kenya, yyazoume@aphrc.org
Y1  - 2009/11//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Nov 2009
VL  - 81
IS  - 5
SN  - 0002-9637, 0002-9637
KW  - Risk Abstracts
KW  - demography
KW  - Mortality
KW  - Sulfur dioxide
KW  - rainy season
KW  - slums
KW  - Kenya, Nairobi
KW  - cold season
KW  - Children
KW  - Seasonal variations
KW  - Urban areas
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21260662?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Tropical+Medicine+and+Hygiene&rft.atitle=Seasonal+Pattern+of+Pneumonia+Mortality+among+Under-Five+Children+in+Nairobi%27s+Informal+Settlements&rft.au=Ye%2C+Y%3BZulu%2C+E%3BMutisya%2C+M%3BOrindi%2C+B%3BEmina%2C+J%3BKyobutungi%2C+C&rft.aulast=Ye&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2009-11-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Tropical+Medicine+and+Hygiene&rft.issn=00029637&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-02-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - demography; Mortality; rainy season; Sulfur dioxide; slums; cold season; Children; Seasonal variations; Urban areas; Kenya, Nairobi
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Classifying movement behaviour in relation to environmental conditions using hidden Markov models
AN  - 21165881; 11209059
AB  - Summary1. Linking the movement and behaviour of animals to their environment is a central problem in ecology. Through the use of electronic tagging and tracking (ETT), collection of in situ data from free-roaming animals is now commonplace, yet statistical approaches enabling direct relation of movement observations to environmental conditions are still in development.2. In this study, we examine the hidden Markov model (HMM) for behavioural analysis of tracking data. HMMs allow for prediction of latent behavioural states while directly accounting for the serial dependence prevalent in ETT data. Updating the probability of behavioural switches with tag or remote-sensing data provides a statistical method that links environmental data to behaviour in a direct and integrated manner.3. It is important to assess the reliability of state categorization over the range of time-series lengths typically collected from field instruments and when movement behaviours are similar between movement states. Simulation with varying lengths of times series data and contrast between average movements within each state was used to test the HMMs ability to estimate movement parameters.4. To demonstrate the methods in a realistic setting, the HMMs were used to categorize resident and migratory phases and the relationship between movement behaviour and ocean temperature using electronic tagging data from southern bluefin tuna (Thunnus maccoyii). Diagnostic tools to evaluate the suitability of different models and inferential methods for investigating differences in behaviour between individuals are also demonstrated.
JF  - Journal of Animal Ecology
AU  - Patterson, Toby A
AU  - Basson, Marinelle
AU  - Bravington, Mark V
AU  - Gunn, John S
AD  - 1CSIRO Marine & Atmospheric Research, GPO Box 1538, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia
Y1  - 2009/11//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Nov 2009
SP  - 1113
EP  - 1123
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA
VL  - 78
IS  - 6
SN  - 0021-8790, 0021-8790
KW  - Animal Behavior Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources
KW  - Temperature effects
KW  - Marine
KW  - Data processing
KW  - Statistics
KW  - Recruitment
KW  - Environmental factors
KW  - Tracking
KW  - Marine fish
KW  - Local movements
KW  - hidden Markov models
KW  - Oceans
KW  - Thunnus maccoyii
KW  - Tagging
KW  - Environmental conditions
KW  - Modelling
KW  - Y 25040:Behavioral Ecology
KW  - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies
KW  - Q1 08567:Fishery oceanography and limnology
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Animal+Ecology&rft.atitle=Classifying+movement+behaviour+in+relation+to+environmental+conditions+using+hidden+Markov+models&rft.au=Patterson%2C+Toby+A%3BBasson%2C+Marinelle%3BBravington%2C+Mark+V%3BGunn%2C+John+S&rft.aulast=Patterson&rft.aufirst=Toby&rft.date=2009-11-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1113&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Animal+Ecology&rft.issn=00218790&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2656.2009.01583.x
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-05
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fish; Local movements; Tagging; Environmental conditions; Environmental factors; Tracking; Modelling; Temperature effects; Statistics; Data processing; hidden Markov models; Oceans; Recruitment; Thunnus maccoyii; Marine
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2656.2009.01583.x
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - An electromechanical based deformable model for soft tissue simulation
AN  - 21107082; 11300658
AB  - Objective: Soft tissue deformation is of great importance to surgery simulation. Although a significant amount of research efforts have been dedicated to simulating the behaviours of soft tissues, modelling of soft tissue deformation is still a challenging problem. This paper presents a new deformable model for simulation of soft tissue deformation from the electromechanical viewpoint of soft tissues. Methods and material: Soft tissue deformation is formulated as a reaction-diffusion process coupled with a mechanical load. The mechanical load applied to a soft tissue to cause a deformation is incorporated into the reaction-diffusion system, and consequently distributed among mass points of the soft tissue. Reaction-diffusion of mechanical load and non-rigid mechanics of motion are combined to govern the simulation dynamics of soft tissue deformation. Results: An improved reaction-diffusion model is developed to describe the distribution of the mechanical load in soft tissues. A three-layer artificial cellular neural network is constructed to solve the reaction-diffusion model for real-time simulation of soft tissue deformation. A gradient based method is established to derive internal forces from the distribution of the mechanical load. Integration with a haptic device has also been achieved to simulate soft tissue deformation with haptic feedback. Conclusions: The proposed methodology does not only predict the typical behaviours of living tissues, but it also accepts both local and large-range deformations. It also accommodates isotropic, anisotropic and inhomogeneous deformations by simple modification of diffusion coefficients.
JF  - Artificial Intelligence in Medicine
AU  - Zhong, Y
AU  - Shirinzadeh, B
AU  - Smith, J
AU  - Gu, C
AD  - Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia, Y.Zhong@curtin.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/11//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Nov 2009
SP  - 275
EP  - 288
PB  - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/]
VL  - 47
IS  - 3
SN  - 0933-3657, 0933-3657
KW  - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts
KW  - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.artmed.2009.08.003
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - New insights into the origin of perylene in geological samples
AN  - 21085035; 11088708
AB  - The origin of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) perylene in sediments and petroleum has been a matter of continued debate. Reported to occur in Phanerozoic organic matter (OM), fossil crinoids and tropical termite mounds, its mechanism of formation remains unclear. While a combustion source can be excluded, structural similarities to perylene quinone-like components present in e.g. fungi, plants, crinoids and insects, potentially suggest a product-precursor relationship. Here, we report perylene concentrations, super(13)C/ super(12)C, and D/H ratios from a Holocene sediment profile from the Qingpu trench, Yangtze Delta region, China. Perylene concentrations differ from those of pyrogenic PAHs, and rise to prominence in a stratigraphic interval that was dominated by woody vegetation as determined by palynology including fungal spores. In this zone, perylene concentrations exhibit an inverse relationship to the lignin marker guaiacol, D/H ratios between -284ppt and -317ppt, similar to the methoxy groups in lignin, as well as co-variation with spores from wood-degrading fungi. super(13)C/ super(12)C of perylene differs from that of land plant wax alkanes and falls in the fractionation range expected for saprophytic fungi that utilise lignin, which is isotopically lighter than cellulose and whole wood. During progressive lignin degradation, the relative carbon isotopic ratio of the perylene decreases. We therefore hypothesise a relationship of perylene to the activity of wood-degrading fungi. To support our hypothesis, we analysed a wide range of Phanerozoic sediments and oils, and found perylene to generally be present in subordinate amounts before the evolutionary rise of vascular plants, and to be generally absent from marine-sourced oils, few exceptions being attributed perhaps to a contribution of marine and/or terrestrial-derived fungi, anoxia (especially under marine conditions) and/or contamination of core material by fungi. A series of low-molecular-weight aromatic quinones bearing the perylene-backbone were detected in Devonian and Cretaceous sediments, potentially representing precursor components to perylene.
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
AU  - Grice, Kliti
AU  - Lu, Hong
AU  - Atahan, Pia
AU  - Asif, Muhammad
AU  - Hallmann, Christian
AU  - Greenwood, Paul
AU  - Maslen, Ercin
AU  - Tulipani, Svenja
AU  - Williford, Kenneth
AU  - Dodson, John
AD  - WA Organic and Isotope Geochemistry Centre, The Institute for Geoscience Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia, K.Grice@curtin.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/11/01/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Nov 01
SP  - 6531
EP  - 6543
PB  - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK
VL  - 73
IS  - 21
SN  - 0016-7037, 0016-7037
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts
KW  - Animal fossils
KW  - geological samples
KW  - Contamination
KW  - Freshwater
KW  - insects
KW  - Oil
KW  - Cores
KW  - Petroleum
KW  - Aromatic hydrocarbons
KW  - Palynology
KW  - holocene
KW  - devonian
KW  - Alkanes
KW  - Fungi
KW  - woody plants
KW  - Brackish
KW  - Wood
KW  - Vegetation
KW  - Combustion
KW  - Anoxia
KW  - Fractionation
KW  - Geological samples
KW  - Aromatics
KW  - INW, China, People's Rep., Changjiang Delta
KW  - Degradation
KW  - Cellulose
KW  - Carbon
KW  - Fossils
KW  - deltas
KW  - Mounds
KW  - Isoptera
KW  - Marine
KW  - Sediment pollution
KW  - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
KW  - Organic matter
KW  - Guaiacol
KW  - Oils
KW  - Stratigraphy
KW  - mounds
KW  - Sediments
KW  - cretaceous
KW  - Quinone
KW  - Lignin
KW  - Plants
KW  - Spores
KW  - Evolution
KW  - K 03410:Animal Diseases
KW  - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate
KW  - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION
KW  - O 4060:Pollution - Environment
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-02-18
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sediment pollution; Animal fossils; Petroleum; Fungi; Cellulose; Geological samples; Stratigraphy; Aromatic hydrocarbons; Palynology; Spores; Alkanes; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Contamination; Organic matter; Guaiacol; Oils; Vegetation; Sediments; Anoxia; Combustion; Carbon; Cores; Fossils; Lignin; Quinone; Plants; Mounds; Evolution; Aromatics; geological samples; Degradation; woody plants; mounds; Wood; insects; Oil; Fractionation; cretaceous; deltas; holocene; devonian; Isoptera; INW, China, People's Rep., Changjiang Delta; Freshwater; Brackish; Marine
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2009.07.029
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Factors Conveying Resilience in the Context of Urban Poverty: The Case of Orphans and Vulnerable Children in the Informal Settlements of Nairobi, Kenya
AN  - 21081206; 11207888
AB  - Background: This paper aims to extend the knowledge of the psychosocial impact of orphanhood through a detailed description of child welfare outcomes; explore the relationship between child-, household- and neighbourhood-level characteristics and child welfare outcomes; and suggest potential points of intervention to support orphans and vulnerable children.Methods: Two indices of psychosocial welfare were developed: emotional well-being and perceived care. Multilevel regression models were applied to identify the sources of variability in these outcomes.Results: Vulnerability was associated more with poverty and neighbourhood characteristics, than with orphanhood.Conclusion: Targeted support for orphans should take into account the loss incurred, the age and gender of the child, and the characteristics of the community in which the child lives.
JF  - Child and Adolescent Mental Health
AU  - Fotso, Jean Christophe
AU  - Holding, Penny A
AU  - Ezeh, Alex C
AD  - 1African Population and Health Research Center (APHRC), P.O. Box 10787-00100 GPO, Nairobi, Kenya. E-mail: jcfotso[AT]aphrc.org
Y1  - 2009/11//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Nov 2009
SP  - 175
EP  - 182
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA
VL  - 14
IS  - 4
SN  - 1475-357X, 1475-357X
KW  - Risk Abstracts
KW  - R2 23110:Psychological aspects
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-3588.2009.00534.x
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Simple methodology for sizing of absorbers for TEG (triethylene glycol) gas dehydration systems
AN  - 21080512; 11184710
AB  - Natural gas is an important source of primary energy and it is saturated with water vapor under normal production conditions. In the design of natural gas dehydration systems, correct estimation of absorption column size is crucial. Once the lean TEG (Triethylene glycol) concentration has been established, the circulation rate of TEG and number of trays (height of packing) must be determined. The current methods to correlate the TEG circulation rate, TEG purity, water removal efficiency, number of equilibrium stages (or height of packing) and the diameter of contactor employs rigorous calculation techniques involving more complicated and longer computations. The aim of this study is therefore to develop a simple-to-use method, by employing basic algebraic equations to correlate water removal efficiency as a function of TEG circulation rate and TEG purity for appropriate sizing of the absorber at wide range of operating conditions of TEG dehydration systems. Estimates from simplified approach were found to be quite reliable and accurate, as evidenced by the comparisons with literature data where the average absolute deviation percent from reported data in the literature shown to be around 0.05%.
JF  - Energy (Oxford)
AU  - Bahadori, Alireza
AU  - Vuthaluru, Hari B
AD  - Department of Chemical Engineering, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845 Australia, alireza.bahadori@postgrad.curtin.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/11//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Nov 2009
SP  - 1910
EP  - 1916
PB  - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK
VL  - 34
IS  - 11
SN  - 0360-5442, 0360-5442
KW  - Environmental Engineering Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Efficiency
KW  - Absorption
KW  - water vapor
KW  - Natural gas
KW  - ENA 03:Energy
KW  - EE 40:Water Pollution: Monitoring, Control & Remediation
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Natural gas; Efficiency; Absorption; water vapor
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2009.07.047
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Accumulation of cadmium in the otoliths and tissues of juvenile pink snapper (Pagrus auratus Forster) following dietary and waterborne exposure
AN  - 21080093; 11088604
AB  - Laboratory experiments were conducted to examine if incorporation of Cd into the otoliths of juvenile pink snapper (Pagrus auratus Forster) was related to levels in the food or water. In the first experiment, fish were fed a regular diet (control group) or a Cd-contaminated diet (500 mg Cd kg super(- 1) or 1500 mg Cd kg super(- 1)) for 35 days. In the second experiment, fish were exposed to waterborne Cd concentrations of <0.002 kg L super(- 1) (control), 50 kg L super(- 1), 100 kg L super(- 1) and 150 kg L super(- 1) for 35 days. The sagittal otoliths were analysed using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). Juvenile fish exposed to higher concentrations of waterborne or dietary Cd showed increased Cd levels in their otoliths. This study clearly demonstrated that both aqueous and dietary Cd exposures can result in Cd incorporation into the otoliths of pink snapper.
JF  - Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology
AU  - Ranaldi, Melinda Marie
AU  - Gagnon, Marthe Monique
AD  - Department of Environmental and Aquatic Sciences, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia, 6845, Australia, m.gagnon@curtin.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/11//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Nov 2009
SP  - 421
EP  - 427
PB  - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK
VL  - 150
IS  - 4
SN  - 1532-0456, 1532-0456
KW  - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Environment Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts
KW  - Tissues
KW  - Pharmacology
KW  - Food
KW  - Physiology
KW  - Mass spectrometry
KW  - Pollution effects
KW  - Mass spectroscopy
KW  - Cadmium
KW  - Ablation
KW  - Diets
KW  - Juveniles
KW  - Laboratory testing
KW  - Pagrus auratus
KW  - Otoliths
KW  - Bioaccumulation
KW  - Fish physiology
KW  - otoliths
KW  - Feeding experiments
KW  - Fish
KW  - Lasers
KW  - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology
KW  - X 24310:Pharmaceuticals
KW  - Q1 08425:Nutrition and feeding habits
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-05
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Juveniles; Bioaccumulation; Otoliths; Fish physiology; Pharmacology; Feeding experiments; Pollution effects; Cadmium; Ablation; Diets; Food; Lasers; Mass spectroscopy; Tissues; Laboratory testing; Physiology; otoliths; Mass spectrometry; Fish; Pagrus auratus
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpc.2009.06.007
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Application of bag sampling technique for particle size distribution measurements
AN  - 21056254; 11325760
AB  - Bag sampling techniques can be used to temporarily store the aerosol and therefore provide sufficient time to utilize sensitive but slow instrumental techniques for recording detailed particle size distributions. Laboratory based assessment of the method was conducted to examine size dependant deposition loss coefficients for aerosols held in Velostat bags conforming to a horizontal cylindrical geometry. Deposition losses of NaCl particles in the range of 10 nm to 160 nm were analysed in relation to the bag size, storage time, and sampling flow rate. Results of this study suggest that the bag sampling method is most useful for moderately short sampling periods of about 5 minutes.
JF  - Journal of Environmental Monitoring
AU  - Mazaheri, M
AU  - Johnson, G R
AU  - Morawska, L
AD  - International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Queensland University of Technology, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia, l.morawska@qut.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/11//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Nov 2009
SP  - 2087
EP  - 2090
VL  - 11
IS  - 11
SN  - 1464-0325, 1464-0325
KW  - Environment Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts
KW  - Particle size
KW  - Storage
KW  - Pollutant deposition
KW  - Aerosols
KW  - Laboratory testing
KW  - Air sampling
KW  - Particulates
KW  - Sampling methods
KW  - Flow rates
KW  - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION
KW  - ENA 07:General
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Monitoring&rft.atitle=Application+of+bag+sampling+technique+for+particle+size+distribution+measurements&rft.au=Mazaheri%2C+M%3BJohnson%2C+G+R%3BMorawska%2C+L&rft.aulast=Mazaheri&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2009-11-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2087&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Monitoring&rft.issn=14640325&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fb907891f
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2013-06-28
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Storage; Particle size; Aerosols; Pollutant deposition; Laboratory testing; Air sampling; Particulates; Flow rates; Sampling methods
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b907891f
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Spatial and temporal trends of water productivity in the lower Mekong River Basin
AN  - 20772452; 10309815
AB  - We estimate the physical and economic water productivities of rice and upland crops grown in the Lower Mekong River Basin and we examine their spatial and temporal trends. We discuss the constraints to low productivity, suggest measures for improvement and show the future productivity requirements for food security for increased population. Both the physical and economic water productivities of rice are higher in Vietnam, moderate in Laos, and lower in Thailand and Cambodia. In contrast, the physical water productivities of upland crops such as sugarcane and maize are highest in Thailand. The economic water productivity of upland crops is higher in Laos followed by Vietnam, Cambodia and Thailand, and is much higher than that of rice. However, the economic productivity of all crops is dominated by the productivity of rice, particularly lowland rainfed rice, which is the dominant crop in the Lower Basin. The intra-regional variation (among the provinces within a country) of productivity is not substantial. There is an increasing trend of both physical and economic water productivity in all four riparian countries; however, the increase is more prominent in Laos and Vietnam. The economic productivity of upland crops is much higher than that of rice and therefore cultivation of more upland crops can significantly increase farm-level incomes, with positive impacts on reducing poverty. Increasing upland crops areas is unlikely to have any impact on the food security of the basin. The current rate of increase of both production and productivity of rice is considerably greater than the rate required to feed the expected extra population by 2050, suggesting that food security is not threatened by the population increase. There appears to be considerable scope to increase productivity and maintain the export potential of the basin.
JF  - Agricultural Water Management
AU  - Mainuddin, M
AU  - Kirby, M
AD  - GPO Box 1666, Black Mountain, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia, Mohammed.Mainuddin@csiro.au
Y1  - 2009/11//
PY  - 2009
DA  - November 2009
SP  - 1567
EP  - 1578
PB  - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl]
VL  - 96
IS  - 11
SN  - 0378-3774, 0378-3774
KW  - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts
KW  - Rice
KW  - River Basins
KW  - Thailand
KW  - Sugarcane
KW  - Basins
KW  - Water resources
KW  - food security
KW  - Freshwater
KW  - Population dynamics
KW  - Crops
KW  - Vietnam
KW  - Zea mays
KW  - poverty
KW  - Asia, Mekong R. basin
KW  - Corn
KW  - Economics
KW  - exports
KW  - Oryza sativa
KW  - River basins
KW  - Cambodia
KW  - Foods
KW  - Water management
KW  - Productivity
KW  - Cultivation
KW  - Feeds
KW  - ENA 06:Food & Drugs
KW  - Q2 09127:General papers on resources
KW  - SW 4020:Evaluation process
KW  - Q5 08501:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20772452?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agricultural+Water+Management&rft.atitle=Spatial+and+temporal+trends+of+water+productivity+in+the+lower+Mekong+River+Basin&rft.au=Mainuddin%2C+M%3BKirby%2C+M&rft.aulast=Mainuddin&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2009-11-01&rft.volume=96&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1567&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agricultural+Water+Management&rft.issn=03783774&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.agwat.2009.06.013
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-05-27
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Water management; Water resources; River basins; exports; poverty; Economics; Basins; food security; Population dynamics; Crops; River Basins; Foods; Rice; Sugarcane; Corn; Productivity; Feeds; Cultivation; Zea mays; Oryza sativa; Cambodia; Thailand; Asia, Mekong R. basin; Vietnam; Freshwater
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2009.06.013
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - DRINKING WATER QUALITY: Better Biomarker of DBP Exposure
AN  - 1677956294; 12747166
AB  - Abstract not available.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Spivey, Angela
Y1  - 2009/11//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Nov 2009
SP  - A487
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 1
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE)
KW  - Health
KW  - Drinking water
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1677956294?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=DRINKING+WATER+QUALITY%3A+Better+Biomarker+of+DBP+Exposure&rft.au=Spivey%2C+Angela&rft.aulast=Spivey&rft.aufirst=Angela&rft.date=2009-11-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=A487&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-06-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-05-04
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Monotreme sex chromosomes - implications for the evolution of amniote sex chromosomes
AN  - 879469760; 13812136
AB  - In vertebrates, a highly conserved pathway of genetic events controls male and female development, to the extent that many genes involved in human sex determination are also involved in fish sex determination. Surprisingly, the master switch to this pathway, which intuitively could be considered the most critical step, is inconsistent between vertebrate taxa. Interspersed in the vertebrate tree there are species that determine sex by environmental cues such as the temperature at which eggs are incubated, and then there are genetic sex-determination systems, with male heterogametic species (XY systems) and female heterogametic species (ZW systems), some of which have heteromorphic, and others homomorphic, sex chromosomes. This plasticity of sex-determining switches in vertebrates has made tracking the events of sex chromosome evolution in amniotes a daunting task, but comparative gene mapping is beginning to reveal some striking similarities across even distant taxa. In particular, the recent completion of the platypus genome sequence has completely changed our understanding of when the therian mammal X and Y chromosomes first arose (they are up to 150 million years younger than previously thought) and has also revealed the unexpected insight that sex determination of the amniote ancestor might have been controlled by a bird-like ZW system.
JF  - Reproduction, Fertility and Development
AU  - Waters, Paul D
AU  - Marshall Graves, Jennifer A
AD  - Comparative Genomics Group, Research School of Biological Sciences, School of Biology, The Australian National University, GPO Box 475, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia, paul.waters@anu.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/10/30/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Oct 30
SP  - 943
EP  - 951
PB  - CSIRO Publishing, PO Box 1139 Collingwood Vic. 3066 Australia
VL  - 21
IS  - 8
SN  - 1031-3613, 1031-3613
KW  - Genetics Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources
KW  - Genomes
KW  - Fertility
KW  - Trees
KW  - Nucleotide sequence
KW  - Fish eggs
KW  - gene mapping
KW  - Platypus
KW  - taxa
KW  - Plasticity
KW  - Eggs
KW  - Sex determination
KW  - Y chromosome
KW  - Chromosomes
KW  - Evolutionary genetics
KW  - Ethnic groups
KW  - Sex
KW  - mammals
KW  - Temperature effects
KW  - Amniota
KW  - Tracking
KW  - Fish
KW  - Reproduction
KW  - Sex chromosomes
KW  - Evolution
KW  - Gene mapping
KW  - Q1 08566:Fishery charts, grounds and water areas
KW  - G 07730:Development & Cell Cycle
KW  - ENA 21:Wildlife
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/879469760?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reproduction%2C+Fertility+and+Development&rft.atitle=Monotreme+sex+chromosomes+-+implications+for+the+evolution+of+amniote+sex+chromosomes&rft.au=Waters%2C+Paul+D%3BMarshall+Graves%2C+Jennifer+A&rft.aulast=Waters&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2009-10-30&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=943&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=RIMA%3A+Review+of+Indonesian+and+Malaysian+Affairs&rft.issn=08157251&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2011-07-01
N1  - Number of references - 63
N1  - Last updated - 2016-02-04
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Fertility; Chromosomes; Fish eggs; Plasticity; Evolution; Tracking; Sex; Sex determination; Temperature effects; Y chromosome; Trees; Nucleotide sequence; Evolutionary genetics; Sex chromosomes; Eggs; Gene mapping; mammals; gene mapping; Reproduction; Fish; taxa; Ethnic groups; Amniota; Platypus
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/RD09250
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Modelling future conditions in the degraded semi-arid estuary of Australia's largest river using ecosystem states
AN  - 1642325048; 11093341
AB  - Over the last ten years, there has been a major decline in the condition of the Coorong, the estuary for Australia's largest river system, the River Murray. This decline is due to prolonged drought combined with past management of the Murray-Darling Basin. In order to successfully manage the estuary in the future, predictions are needed to evaluate the effect of possible management actions on the Coorong ecosystem under a variety of climatic scenarios. The alternative stable state concept can be extended to non-equilibrium systems, allowing for modelling of condition. Rather than constraining the definition of alternative states to those that are stable, we identify a suite of ecosystem states that occur naturally, but also include those that arise during the decline of the system. Eight distinct states were defined, with thresholds between them based on a combination of environmental characteristics associated with co-occurring biota. Threshold values for environmental characteristics define the transition rules between states. Mapping these states allows us to characterise the condition of the estuary in both space and time. The distribution of these states, and the diversity of states supported can be used to create an ecosystem condition index. By calculating the value of the index over time, the trajectory of ecosystem condition merges, and predictions can be made about future condition, should the current situation continue. This trajectory modelling can then form a baseline against which to evaluate possible management actions under a variety of climatic scenarios to identify those most likely to improve the condition of the Coorong.
JF  - Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science
AU  - Lester, R E
AU  - Fairweather, P G
AD  - Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia rebecca.lester@flinders.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/10/30/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Oct 30
SP  - 1
EP  - 11
PB  - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/]
VL  - 85
IS  - 1
SN  - 0272-7714, 0272-7714
KW  - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE)
KW  - Rivers
KW  - Management
KW  - Ecosystems
KW  - Estuarine environments
KW  - Trajectories
KW  - Thresholds
KW  - Models
KW  - Modelling
KW  - Brackish
KW  - Freshwater
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1642325048?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Estuarine%2C+Coastal+and+Shelf+Science&rft.atitle=Modelling+future+conditions+in+the+degraded+semi-arid+estuary+of+Australia%27s+largest+river+using+ecosystem+states&rft.au=Lester%2C+R+E%3BFairweather%2C+P+G&rft.aulast=Lester&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2009-10-30&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Estuarine%2C+Coastal+and+Shelf+Science&rft.issn=02727714&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ecss.2009.04.018
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-06-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Freshwater; Brackish
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2009.04.018
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The 2009 Influenza Pandemic: Selected Legal Issues
AN  - 58835122; 2010-442847
AB  - This report provides a brief overview of selected legal issues concerning the new influenza A(H1N1) virus pandemic, including emergency measures, civil rights, liability issues, and employment issues. There are a number of emergency measures which may help to contain or ameliorate an infectious disease outbreak: The Public Health Service Act, the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, the National Emergencies Act, and the Stafford Act contain authorities that allow the Secretary of Health and Human Services or the President to take certain actions during emergencies or disasters. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Oct 29 2009, 46 pp.
AU  - Swendiman, Kathleen S
AU  - Jones, Nancy Lee
Y1  - 2009/10/29/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Oct 29
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Health and health policy
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Diseases and disorders
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Medicine and health care
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - Government - Public officials
KW  - Government - Executive power
KW  - Environment and environmental policy - Weather, climate, and natural disasters
KW  - Influenza
KW  - Presidents
KW  - Epidemiology
KW  - Emergency preparedness
KW  - Disasters
KW  - Executive power
KW  - Legislation
KW  - Public health
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58835122?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Swendiman%2C+Kathleen+S%3BJones%2C+Nancy+Lee&rft.aulast=Swendiman&rft.aufirst=Kathleen&rft.date=2009-10-29&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+2009+Influenza+Pandemic%3A+Selected+Legal+Issues&rft.title=The+2009+Influenza+Pandemic%3A+Selected+Legal+Issues&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40560_20091029.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40560
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - CPAPER
T1  - Education in acoustics and noise control: A liberal arts perspective
T2  - 158th Meeting of The Acoustical Society of America
AN  - 42111892; 5539026
JF  - 158th Meeting of The Acoustical Society of America
AU  - Cheenne, Dominique
Y1  - 2009/10/26/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Oct 26
KW  - Acoustics
KW  - Education
KW  - Noise levels
KW  - U 7000:Multidisciplinary
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42111892?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=158th+Meeting+of+The+Acoustical+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Education+in+acoustics+and+noise+control%3A+A+liberal+arts+perspective&rft.au=Cheenne%2C+Dominique&rft.aulast=Cheenne&rft.aufirst=Dominique&rft.date=2009-10-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=158th+Meeting+of+The+Acoustical+Society+of+America&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://asa.aip.org/sanantonio/program.html
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-04-06
N1  - Last updated - 2010-05-03
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Heterologous expression of the methyl carbamate-degrading hydrolase MCD
AN  - 21146356; 11186502
AB  - The methyl carbamate-degrading hydrolase (MCD) of Achromobacter WM111 has considerable potential as a pesticide bioremediation agent. However this potential has been unrealisable until now because of an inability to express MCD in heterologous hosts such as Escherichia coli. Herein, we describe the first successful attempt to express appreciable quantities of MCD in active form in E. coli, and the subsequent characterisation of the heterologously expressed material. We find that the properties of this material closely match the previously reported properties of MCD produced from Achromobacter WM111. This includes the presence of two distinct forms of the enzyme that we show are most likely due to the presence of two functional translational start sites. The purified enzyme catalyses the hydrolysis of a carbamate (carbaryl), a carboxyl ester (a-naphthyl acetate) and a phophotriester (dimethyl umbelliferyl phosphate) and it is relatively resistant to thermal and solvent-mediated denaturation. The robust nature and catalytic promiscuity of MCD suggest that it could be exploited for various biotechnological applications.
JF  - Journal of Biotechnology
AU  - Naqvi, T
AU  - Cheesman, MJ
AU  - Williams, M R
AU  - Campbell, P M
AU  - Ahmed, S
AU  - Russell, R J
AU  - Scott, C
AU  - Oakeshott, JG
AD  - GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia, colin.scott@csiro.au
Y1  - 2009/10/26/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Oct 26
SP  - 89
EP  - 95
PB  - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/]
VL  - 144
IS  - 2
SN  - 0168-1656, 0168-1656
KW  - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts
KW  - Translation
KW  - Bioremediation
KW  - Denaturation
KW  - Carbaryl
KW  - Enzymes
KW  - Pesticides (carbamates)
KW  - Esters
KW  - Acetylcholine receptors
KW  - Hydrolysis
KW  - Acetic acid
KW  - Achromobacter
KW  - hydrolase
KW  - Phosphate
KW  - Pesticides
KW  - Escherichia coli
KW  - Catalysis
KW  - W 30940:Products
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21146356?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Heterologous+expression+of+the+methyl+carbamate-degrading+hydrolase+MCD&rft.au=Naqvi%2C+T%3BCheesman%2C+MJ%3BWilliams%2C+M+R%3BCampbell%2C+P+M%3BAhmed%2C+S%3BRussell%2C+R+J%3BScott%2C+C%3BOakeshott%2C+JG&rft.aulast=Naqvi&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2009-10-26&rft.volume=144&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=89&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Biotechnology&rft.issn=01681656&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jbiotec.2009.09.009
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Translation; Denaturation; Bioremediation; Enzymes; Carbaryl; Acetylcholine receptors; Esters; Pesticides (carbamates); Acetic acid; Hydrolysis; hydrolase; Phosphate; Pesticides; Catalysis; Achromobacter; Escherichia coli
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2009.09.009
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Navy DDG-1000 and DDG-51 Destroyer Programs: Background, Oversight Issues, and Options for Congress
AN  - 58840250; 2010-442837
AB  - The Administration's FY2010 defense budget proposes to end the procurement of DDG-1000 (Zumwalt) class destroyers with the third ship and restart procurement DDG-51 (Arleigh Burke) class Aegis destroyers, which were last procured in FY2005. The Administration's budget is consistent with a proposal for stopping DDG-1000 procurement and restarting DDG-51 procurement that the Navy announced in July 2008, and the Senate Appropriations Committee recommended increasing the Navy's request for FY2010 procurement funding for the DDG-51 program so as to support the procurement of two DDG-51s in FY2010, and approving the Navy's request for FY2010 procurement funding for the DDG-1000 program. Tables, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Oct 22 2009, 38 pp.
AU  - O'Rourke, Ronald
Y1  - 2009/10/22/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Oct 22
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Public finance
KW  - Transportation and transportation policy - Maritime and inland water transport
KW  - Ships
KW  - Purchasing, Military and naval
KW  - United States Navy
KW  - Appropriations and expenditures
KW  - Budget, Government
KW  - Surveillance
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58840250?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=O%27Rourke%2C+Ronald&rft.aulast=O%27Rourke&rft.aufirst=Ronald&rft.date=2009-10-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Navy+DDG-1000+and+DDG-51+Destroyer+Programs%3A+Background%2C+Oversight+Issues%2C+and+Options+for+Congress&rft.title=Navy+DDG-1000+and+DDG-51+Destroyer+Programs%3A+Background%2C+Oversight+Issues%2C+and+Options+for+Congress&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL32109_20091022.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL32109
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Highlights of the Conference Report to Accompany H.R. 2647, FY10 National Defense Authorization Bill
AN  - 742955380; 2010-503717
AB  - The House passed the conference report to accompany FY10 National Defense Authorization Bill (H.R. 2647) by a vote of 281-146 on October 8, 2009. This report provides highlights of the report. Tables.
JF  - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee, Oct 21 2009, 9 pp.
AU  - United States Senate Republican Policy Committee
Y1  - 2009/10/21/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Oct 21
PB  - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee
KW  - Military and defense policy - National defense
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Purchasing, Military and naval
KW  - Appropriations and expenditures
KW  - National defense
KW  - book
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L2  - http://rpc.senate.gov/public/_files/ConferenceReportHighlightsHR2647DefenseAuth102109ms.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-05-10
N1  - Publication note - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee, 2009
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Navy Attack Submarine Procurement: Background and Issues for Congress
AN  - 58841934; 2010-442851
AB  - The Navy has been procuring Virginia (SSN-774) class nuclear-powered attack submarines (SSNs) at a rate of one per year for the past 11 years, with the procurement rate scheduled to increase to two boats annually starting in FY2011. The Navy's proposed FY2010 budget requests 1,964.3 million dollars in procurement funding to complete the procurement cost of a 12th Virginia-class boat; and the House and Senate Appropriations Committees, in their reports on the FY2010 Department of Defense (DOD) appropriations bill (H.R. 3326), both recommend approving the Administration's FY2010 request for procurement and advance procurement funding for the Virginia-class submarine program. Tables, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Oct 21 2009, 24 pp.
AU  - O'Rourke, Ronald
Y1  - 2009/10/21/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Oct 21
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military equipment and weapons
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Purchasing, Military and naval
KW  - Submarines
KW  - United States Navy
KW  - Atomic weapons
KW  - Appropriations and expenditures
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL32418_20091021.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL32418
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Somalia: Current Conditions and Prospects for a Lasting Peace
AN  - 58836142; 2010-442848
AB  - In October 2002, the Inter-Governmental Authority for Development (IGAD) launched a peace process designed to end factional fighting in Somalia, led by the government of Kenya -- yet humanitarian, political, and security conditions continue to deteriorate across south-central Somalia. and in the past two years, more than 22,000 civilians have been killed, an estimated 1.1 million people displaced, and 476,000 Somalis have fled to neighboring countries. Meanwhile, Somali pirates have intensified their attacks in the Gulf of Aden, carrying out attacks on over 111 commercial ships, and successfully hijacking over 35 ships in 2008. Tables, Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Oct 21 2009, 26 pp.
AU  - Dagne, Ted
Y1  - 2009/10/21/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Oct 21
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - International relations - International peace and security
KW  - International relations - War
KW  - Politics - Political dissent and internal conflict
KW  - International relations - Diplomacy
KW  - Administration of justice - Crime and criminals
KW  - Hijacking of ships
KW  - Government and politics
KW  - Gulf of Aden
KW  - Conflict
KW  - Peace
KW  - Dispute settlement
KW  - Somalia
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL33911_20091021.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL33911
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Response to selection for grazing tolerance in winter-active populations of phalaris (Phalaris aquatica L.). 2. Correlated response in yield potential, plant characteristics, and alkaloid levels
AN  - 918040806; 13811709
AB  - Phenotypic changes in populations of perennial grasses are known to occur in response to natural or deliberate selection under grazing. These changes may have agronomic significance. Associated changes in morphology and yield potential of young stands in response to 2 cycles of selection for grazing tolerance were examined in 3 winter-active breeding populations of the perennial grass, phalaris (Phalaris aquatica L.). Levels of alkaloids which potentially could affect palatability were also examined. There was a decline in seedling growth and autumn and winter yield in spaced plants of 6.3-7.5% per cycle pooled across populations. Seedling growth measured in sown swards at 2 sites was not affected by selection. Visually estimated sward yield in the second year, ignoring large gaps, agreed with the spaced plant results but the decline was not significant at P , 0.05 when herbage yield was measured by mowing, probably due to effects of plant density. On balance, it was concluded that a decline in individual plant yield of 6-7% per cycle had occurred but this could be compensated by higher density, particularly over time as differences in persistence under grazing developed. The most pronounced morphological response to selection under grazing was towards a more densely tillered growth habit, although one exception occurred. There was also a tendency towards a more prostrate growth habit and later heading, but this was significant only for the most erect and earliest maturing population. Two cycles of selection did not significantly affect summer activity or area of plant base in any population. Tryptamine alkaloids were below the level likely to affect palatability but tended to increase with selection, particularly in a very low tryptamine base population, which suggested that they may play a role in persistence. Because of potentially deleterious effects on yield, care is required in using this selection method. A balance of yield potential and grazing tolerance appropriate to the management system is needed.
JF  - Crop & Pasture Science
AU  - Culvenor, R A
AU  - Boschma, S P
AU  - Reed, KFM
AD  - CSIRO Plant Industry, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia, richard.culvenor@csiro.au
Y1  - 2009/10/19/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Oct 19
SP  - 1107
EP  - 1116
PB  - CSIRO Publishing, PO Box 1139 Collingwood Vic. 3066 Australia
VL  - 60
IS  - 11
SN  - 1836-0947, 1836-0947
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - grazing
KW  - Grasses
KW  - Phalaris aquatica
KW  - Pasture
KW  - Crops
KW  - winter
KW  - breeding
KW  - Morphology
KW  - summer
KW  - Seedlings
KW  - Phalaris
KW  - ENA 06:Food & Drugs
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2012-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2012-03-29
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - winter; breeding; grazing; Grasses; Morphology; summer; Seedlings; Pasture; Crops; Phalaris aquatica; Phalaris
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/CP09037
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The 2009 Influenza Pandemic: An Overview
AN  - 58839890; 2010-442853
AB  - On June 11, 2009, in response to the global spread of a new strain of H1N1 influenza ("flu"), the World Health Organization (WHO) declared it an influenza pandemic. This report provides a synopsis of key events, actions taken, and authorities invoked by WHO, the US federal government, and state and local governments; lists congressional hearings held to date, and provides information about appropriations and funding for pandemic flu activities; summarizes US government pandemic flu planning documents; and lists sources for additional information about the situation. Tables, Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Oct 15 2009, 33 pp.
AU  - Lister, Sarah A
AU  - Redhead, C Stephen
Y1  - 2009/10/15/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Oct 15
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Diseases and disorders
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Health and health policy
KW  - International relations - International organizations
KW  - United States
KW  - Influenza
KW  - World health organization
KW  - Communicable diseases
KW  - Health planning
KW  - Public health
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40554_20091015.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40554
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Epidemiology, Public Health, and the Rhetoric of False Positives
AN  - 746078680; 12747142
AB  - As an observational science, epidemiology is regarded by some researchers as inherently flawed and open to false results. In a recent paper, Boffetta et al. [Boffetta P, McLaughlin JK, LaVecchia C, Tarone RE, Lipworth L, Blot WJ. False-positive results in cancer epidemiology: a plea for epistemological modesty. J Natl Cancer Inst 100:988-995 (2008)] argued that 'epidemiology is particularly prone to the generation of false-positive results.' They also said 'the tendency to emphasize and over-interpret what appear to be new findings is commonplace, perhaps in part because of a belief that the findings provide information that may ultimately improve public health' and that 'this tendency to hype new findings increases the likelihood of downplaying inconsistencies within the data or any lack of concordance with other sources of evidence.' The authors supported these serious charges against epidemiology and epidemiologists with few examples. Although we acknowledge that false positives do occur, we view the position of Boffetta and colleagues on false positives as unbalanced and potentially harmful to public health. We aim to provide a more balanced evaluation of epidemiology and its contribution to public health discourse. Boffetta and colleagues ignore the fact that false negatives may arise from the very processes that they tout as generating false-positive results. We further disagree with their proposition that false-positive results from a single study will lead to faulty decision making in matters of public health importance. In practice, such public health evaluations are based on all the data available from all relevant disciplines and never to our knowledge on a single study. The lack of balance by Boffetta and colleagues in their evaluation of the impact of false-positive findings on epidemiology, the charge that 'methodological vigilance is often absent' in epidemiologists' interpretation of their own results, and the false characterization of how epidemiologic findings are used in societal decision making all undermine a major source of information regarding disease risks. We reaffirm the importance of epidemiologic evidence as a critical component of the foundation of public health protection.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Blair, Aaron
AU  - Saracci, Rodolfo
AU  - Vineis, Paolo
AU  - Cocco, Pierluigi
AU  - Forastiere, Francesco
AU  - Grandjean, Philippe
AU  - Kogevinas, Manolis
AU  - Kriebel, David
AU  - McMichael, Anthony
AU  - Pearce, Neil
AU  - Porta, Miquel
AU  - Samet, Jonathan
AU  - Sandler, Dale P
AU  - Costantini, Adele Seniori
AU  - Vainio, Harri
AD  - 9 Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
Y1  - 2009/10/07/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Oct 07
SP  - 1809
EP  - 1813
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 2
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - epidemiologic methods
KW  - false negatives
KW  - false positives
KW  - hyped findings
KW  - Epidemiology
KW  - Cancer
KW  - Public health
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-05-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Epidemiology; Cancer; Public health
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0901194
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Electoral System of the People's Congress Deputy System in China
TT  - Transliterated title not available
AN  - 754066961; 201052082
AB  - In the modern time, the electoral system is the basic element of representative democracy. In China, people's congress deputies, as the main body of the people's congress deputy system, are elected democratically. In the electoral system of people's congress deputies, there are such principles as universality and equality of electoral right, direct election and indirect election, competitive election, secret ballot, etc. Voters's registration, division of electoral district, number of deputies, proposal, confirmation and preelection of candidates, propaganda and introduction of candidates, voting, and confirmation of election results are the reflection of these principles. At the same time, these principles can be the criterion for the electoral system. With the development of the national economy, politics, culture and society, the electoral law should also develop. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - Sichuan Ligong Xueyuan Xuebao/Journal of Sichuan University of Science & Engineering (Social Sciences Edition)
AU  - Wan, Qi-gang
AU  - Gao, Min-quan
AD  - General Office, Standing Committee National People's Congress, Beijing, China
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - October 2009
SP  - 28
EP  - 33
PB  - Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, Sichuan Province, China
VL  - 24
IS  - 5
SN  - 1672-8580, 1672-8580
KW  - people's congress deputy system
KW  - electoral system
KW  - people's congress deputy
KW  - electoral law
KW  - Standing Committee of the People's Congress
KW  - Peoples Republic of China
KW  - Elections
KW  - Electoral Systems
KW  - Legislative Bodies
KW  - Propaganda
KW  - Equality
KW  - article
KW  - 9121: political behavior; political behavior
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sichuan+Ligong+Xueyuan+Xuebao%2FJournal+of+Sichuan+University+of+Science+%26+Engineering+%28Social+Sciences+Edition%29&rft.atitle=Electoral+System+of+the+People%27s+Congress+Deputy+System+in+China&rft.au=Wan%2C+Qi-gang%3BGao%2C+Min-quan&rft.aulast=Wan&rft.aufirst=Qi-gang&rft.date=2009-10-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=28&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sichuan+Ligong+Xueyuan+Xuebao%2FJournal+of+Sichuan+University+of+Science+%26+Engineering+%28Social+Sciences+Edition%29&rft.issn=16728580&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - Chinese
DB  - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2010-09-10
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Elections; Legislative Bodies; Electoral Systems; Peoples Republic of China; Propaganda; Equality
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - DIET AND NUTRITION: Next Course in Organic Debate
AN  - 753662906; 13204941
AB  - Abstract not available.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Holzman, David C
AD  - David C. Holzman writes from Lexington and Wellfleet, Massachusetts, on science, medicine, energy, economics, and cars. He has written for EHP since 1996
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Oct 2009
SP  - A439
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 United States of America
VL  - 117
IS  - 0
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE)
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-11-14
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Learning Curve: Putting Healthy School Principles into Practice
AN  - 753662479; 13204943
AB  - Abstract not available.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Adler, Tina
AD  - Tina Adler first wrote for EHP about the Clinton-Gore environmental agenda in 1993. She is a member of the National Association of Science Writers and the American Society of Journalists and Authors
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Oct 2009
SP  - A448
EP  - A453
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 United States of America
VL  - 117
IS  - 0
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE)
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/753662479?accountid=14244
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-11-14
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - PBDEs in Diet: Meat Fat a Leading Source
AN  - 753662099; 13204947
AB  - Abstract not available.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Lubick, Naomi
AD  - Naomi Lubick is a freelance science writer based in Zuerich, Switzerland, and Folsom, California. She has written for Environmental Science & Technology, Nature, and Earth
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Oct 2009
SP  - A455
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 United States of America
VL  - 117
IS  - 0
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE)
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-11-14
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - LAWS, REGULATIONS, AND POLICY: Consumer Protection Act Sees Uneven Launch
AN  - 753662077; 13204937
AB  - Abstract not available.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Dahl, Richard
AD  - Boston freelance writer Richard Dahl has contributed to EHP since 1995. He also writes periodically for the Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Oct 2009
SP  - A436
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 United States of America
VL  - 117
IS  - 0
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE)
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/753662077?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=LAWS%2C+REGULATIONS%2C+AND+POLICY%3A+Consumer+Protection+Act+Sees+Uneven+Launch&rft.au=Dahl%2C+Richard&rft.aulast=Dahl&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2009-10-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=0&rft.spage=A436&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-11-14
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Are We Really Addressing the Core of Children's Environmental Health?
AN  - 753661953; 13204933
AB  - Abstract not available.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Witherspoon, Nsedu Obot
AD  - Children's Environmental Health Network, Washington, DC, nobot@cehn.org
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Oct 2009
SP  - A428
EP  - A429
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 United States of America
VL  - 117
IS  - 0
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE)
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/753661953?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Are+We+Really+Addressing+the+Core+of+Children%27s+Environmental+Health%3F&rft.au=Witherspoon%2C+Nsedu+Obot&rft.aulast=Witherspoon&rft.aufirst=Nsedu&rft.date=2009-10-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=0&rft.spage=A428&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/10.1289%2Fehp.0901441
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-11-14
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0901441
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Environmental Factors in Birth Defects: What We Need to Know
AN  - 753661925; 13204942
AB  - Abstract not available.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Weinhold, Bob
AD  - Bob Weinhold, MA, has covered environmental health issues for numerous outlets since 1996. He is a member of the Society of Environmental Journalists
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Oct 2009
SP  - A440
EP  - A447
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 United States of America
VL  - 117
IS  - 0
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE)
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/753661925?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Environmental+Factors+in+Birth+Defects%3A+What+We+Need+to+Know&rft.au=Weinhold%2C+Bob&rft.aulast=Weinhold&rft.aufirst=Bob&rft.date=2009-10-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=0&rft.spage=A440&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-11-14
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Variable Vulnerability: Genotype Determines Timing of PON1 Capability to Detoxify Pesticides
AN  - 753661605; 13204945
AB  - Abstract not available.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Freeman, Kris S
AD  - Kris S. Freeman has written for Encarta encyclopedia, NIH, ABCNews.com, and the National Park Service. Her research on the credibility of online health information appeared in the June 2009 IEEE Transactions on Professional Communication.
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Oct 2009
SP  - A454
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 United States of America
VL  - 117
IS  - 0
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE)
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/753661605?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Variable+Vulnerability%3A+Genotype+Determines+Timing+of+PON1+Capability+to+Detoxify+Pesticides&rft.au=Freeman%2C+Kris+S&rft.aulast=Freeman&rft.aufirst=Kris&rft.date=2009-10-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=0&rft.spage=A454&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-11-14
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Mass Lead Poisoning in Dakar: Battery Recycling Exacts a Heavy Toll
AN  - 745645035; 13204944
AB  - Abstract not available.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Potera, Carol
AD  - Carol Potera, based in Montana, has written for EHP since 1996. She also writes for Microbe, Genetic Engineering News, and the American Journal of Nursing
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Oct 2009
SP  - A454
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 0
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts
KW  - Senegal, Dakar
KW  - Batteries
KW  - Poisoning
KW  - Recycling
KW  - Lead
KW  - Public health
KW  - Waste management
KW  - ENA 17:Waste Management-Solid
KW  - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health
KW  - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/745645035?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Mass+Lead+Poisoning+in+Dakar%3A+Battery+Recycling+Exacts+a+Heavy+Toll&rft.au=Potera%2C+Carol&rft.aulast=Potera&rft.aufirst=Carol&rft.date=2009-10-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=0&rft.spage=A454&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-07-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Batteries; Poisoning; Recycling; Lead; Waste management; Public health; Senegal, Dakar
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - CANCER: Childhood Leukemia and Proximity to Nuclear Power Plants
AN  - 745645032; 13204938
AB  - Abstract not available.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Burton, Adrian
AD  - Adrian Burton is a biologist living in Spain who also writes regularly for The Lancet Oncology, The Lancet Neurology, and Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Oct 2009
SP  - A437
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 0
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts
KW  - Leukemia
KW  - Nuclear power plants
KW  - Children
KW  - Cancer
KW  - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety
KW  - P 8000:RADIATION
KW  - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/745645032?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=CANCER%3A+Childhood+Leukemia+and+Proximity+to+Nuclear+Power+Plants&rft.au=Burton%2C+Adrian&rft.aulast=Burton&rft.aufirst=Adrian&rft.date=2009-10-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=0&rft.spage=A437&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-07-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nuclear power plants; Leukemia; Children; Cancer
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Environmental Health and Child Survival: Epidemiology, Economics, Experiences
AN  - 745644874; 13204948
AB  - Abstract not available.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Trasande, Leonardo
AD  - Leonardo Trasande is assistant professor of community and preventive medicine and of pediatrics at Mount Sinai School of Medicine
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Oct 2009
SP  - A464
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 0
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts
KW  - Epidemiology
KW  - Economics
KW  - Environmental health
KW  - Children
KW  - survival
KW  - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health
KW  - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/745644874?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Environmental+Health+and+Child+Survival%3A+Epidemiology%2C+Economics%2C+Experiences&rft.au=Trasande%2C+Leonardo&rft.aulast=Trasande&rft.aufirst=Leonardo&rft.date=2009-10-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=0&rft.spage=A464&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-07-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Epidemiology; Economics; Environmental health; survival; Children
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - U.S. EPA's Toxicity Reference Database: Martin and Dix Respond
AN  - 745644872; 13204935
AB  - Abstract not available.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Martin, Matthew T
AU  - Dix, David J
AD  - National Center for Computational Toxicology, Office of Research & Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina,, Martin.Matt@epamail.epa.gov
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Oct 2009
SP  - A432
EP  - A433
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 10
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts
KW  - Databases
KW  - EPA
KW  - USA
KW  - Water Pollution Effects
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - H 14000:Toxicology
KW  - SW 3030:Effects of pollution
KW  - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution
KW  - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/745644872?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=U.S.+EPA%27s+Toxicity+Reference+Database%3A+Martin+and+Dix+Respond&rft.au=Martin%2C+Matthew+T%3BDix%2C+David+J&rft.aulast=Martin&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2009-10-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=A432&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/10.1289%2Fehp.0900951R
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-07-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-05-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - EPA; Toxicity; Databases; Water Pollution Effects; USA
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0900951R
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Nanotechnology-Related Environment, Health, and Safety Research
AN  - 745644516; 13204936
AB  - Abstract not available.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Brandi, Giovanni
AU  - Nobili, Elisabetta
AU  - Di Girolamo, Stefania
AU  - Grazi, Gianluca
AU  - Fiorentino, Michelangelo
AU  - Golfieri, Rita
AU  - Biasco, Guido
AD  - S. Orsola - Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy, giovanni.brandi@unibo.it
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Oct 2009
SP  - A433
EP  - A434
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 0
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Environmental impact
KW  - Research programs
KW  - Nanotechnology
KW  - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development
KW  - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health
KW  - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/745644516?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Ecology+Resources&rft.atitle=Isolation+and+characterization+of+15+polymorphic+microsatellite+DNA+loci+from+Argyrosomus+japonicus+%28mulloway%29%2C+a+new+aquaculture+species+in+Australia&rft.au=ARCHANGI%2C+B%3BChand%2C+V%3BMather%2C+P+B&rft.aulast=ARCHANGI&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=412&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+Ecology+Resources&rft.issn=1755098X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1755-0998.2008.02464.x
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-07-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Environmental impact; Research programs; Nanotechnology
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0901029
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Disinfection By-Products and Congenital Anomalies: Evidence Still Inconclusive
AN  - 745644356; 13204946
AB  - Abstract not available.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Spivey, Angela
AD  - Angela Spivey writes from North Carolina about science, medicine, and higher education. She has written for EHP since 2001
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Oct 2009
SP  - A455
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 0
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts
KW  - disinfection
KW  - Byproducts
KW  - Congenital defects
KW  - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health
KW  - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/745644356?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Disinfection+By-Products+and+Congenital+Anomalies%3A+Evidence+Still+Inconclusive&rft.au=Spivey%2C+Angela&rft.aulast=Spivey&rft.aufirst=Angela&rft.date=2009-10-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=0&rft.spage=A455&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-07-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Byproducts; disinfection; Congenital defects
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Predicting the sound insulation of single leaf walls: extension of Cremer's model.
AN  - 742787045; pmid-19813801
AB  - In his 1942 paper on the sound insulation of single leaf walls, Cremer [(1942). Akust. Z. 7, 81-104] made a number of approximations in order to show the general trend of sound insulation above the critical frequency. Cremer realized that these approximations limited the application of his theory to frequencies greater than twice the critical frequency. This paper removes most of Cremer's approximations so that the revised theory can be used down to the critical frequency. The revised theory is used as a correction to the diffuse field limp panel mass law below the critical frequency by setting the nonexistent coincidence angle to 90 degrees. The diffuse field limp panel mass law for a finite size wall is derived without recourse to a limiting angle by following the average diffuse field single sided radiation efficiency approach. The shear wave correction derived by Heckl and Donner [(1985). Rundfunktech Mitt. 29, 287-291] is applied to the revised theory in order to cover the case of thicker walls. The revised theory predicts the general trend of the experimental data, although the agreement is usually worse at low frequencies and depends on the value of damping loss factor used in the region of and above the critical frequency.
JF  - The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
AU  - Davy, John L
AD  - School of Applied Sciences, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476V, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia. john.davy@rmit.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Oct 2009
SP  - 1871
EP  - 1877
VL  - 126
IS  - 4
SN  - 0001-4966, 0001-4966
KW  - National Library of Medicine
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/742787045?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+the+Acoustical+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Predicting+the+sound+insulation+of+single+leaf+walls%3A+extension+of+Cremer%27s+model.&rft.au=Davy%2C+John+L&rft.aulast=Davy&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2009-10-01&rft.volume=126&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1871&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+the+Acoustical+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00014966&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English (eng)
DB  - ComDisDome
N1  - Date revised - 2010-04-13
N1  - Last updated - 2010-09-25
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - JEM spotlight: Environmental monitoring of airborne nanoparticles.
AN  - 734075997; 19809699
AB  - The aim of this work was to review the existing instrumental methods to monitor airborne nanoparticles in different types of indoor and outdoor environments in order to detect their presence and to characterise their properties. Firstly the terminology and definitions used in this field are discussed, which is followed by a review of the methods to measure particle physical characteristics including number, concentration, size distribution and surface area. An extensive discussion is provided on the direct methods for particle elemental composition measurements, as well as on indirect methods providing information on particle volatility and solubility, and thus in turn on volatile and semivolatile compounds of which the particle is composed. A brief summary of broader considerations related to nanoparticle monitoring in different environments concludes the paper.
JF  - Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM
AU  - Morawska, L
AU  - Wang, H
AU  - Ristovski, Z
AU  - Jayaratne, E R
AU  - Johnson, G
AU  - Cheung, H C
AU  - Ling, X
AU  - He, C
AD  - International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Queensland University of Technology, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, Queensland, 4001, Australia. l.morawska@qut.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - October 2009
SP  - 1758
EP  - 1773
VL  - 11
IS  - 10
KW  - Air Pollutants
KW  - 0
KW  - Index Medicus
KW  - Solubility
KW  - Volatilization
KW  - Nanoparticles -- analysis
KW  - Air Pollutants -- analysis
KW  - Environmental Monitoring -- methods
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/734075997?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+environmental+monitoring+%3A+JEM&rft.atitle=JEM+spotlight%3A+Environmental+monitoring+of+airborne+nanoparticles.&rft.au=Morawska%2C+L%3BWang%2C+H%3BRistovski%2C+Z%3BJayaratne%2C+E+R%3BJohnson%2C+G%3BCheung%2C+H+C%3BLing%2C+X%3BHe%2C+C&rft.aulast=Morawska&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2009-10-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1758&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+environmental+monitoring+%3A+JEM&rft.issn=1464-0333&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fb912589m
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date completed - 2010-01-18
N1  - Date created - 2009-10-07
N1  - Date revised - 2017-01-13
N1  - SuppNotes - Comment In:
J Environ Monit. 2009 Oct;11(10):1757 [19809698]
N1  - Last updated - 2017-01-18
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b912589m
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Bayesian model averaging for harmful algal bloom prediction.
AN  - 67690831; 19831071
AB  - Harmful algal blooms (HABs) are a worldwide problem that have been increasing in frequency and extent over the past several decades. HABs severely damage aquatic ecosystems by destroying benthic habitat, reducing invertebrate and fish populations, and affecting larger species such as dugong that rely on seagrasses for food. Few statistical models for predicting HAB occurrences have been developed, and in common with most predictive models in ecology, those that have been developed do not fully account for uncertainties in parameters and model structure. This makes management decisions based on these predictions more risky than might be supposed. We used a probit time series model and Bayesian model averaging (BMA) to predict occurrences of blooms of Lyngbya majuscula, a toxic cyanophyte, in Deception Bay, Queensland, Australia. We found a suite of useful predictors for HAB occurrence, with temperature figuring prominently in models with the majority of posterior support, and a model consisting of the single covariate, average monthly minimum temperature, showed by far the greatest posterior support. A comparison of alternative model averaging strategies was made with one strategy using the full posterior distribution and a simpler approach that utilized the majority of the posterior distribution for predictions but with vastly fewer models. Both BMA approaches showed excellent predictive performance with little difference in their predictive capacity. Applications of BMA are still rare in ecology, particularly in management settings. This study demonstrates the power of BMA as an important management tool that is capable of high predictive performance while fully accounting for both parameter and model uncertainty.
JF  - Ecological applications : a publication of the Ecological Society of America
AU  - Hamilton, Grant
AU  - McVinish, Ross
AU  - Mengersen, Kerrie
AD  - School of Natural Resource Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia. g.hamilton@qut.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - October 2009
SP  - 1805
EP  - 1814
VL  - 19
IS  - 7
SN  - 1051-0761, 1051-0761
KW  - Index Medicus
KW  - Ecosystem
KW  - Queensland
KW  - Eukaryota -- physiology
KW  - Temperature
KW  - Bayes Theorem
KW  - Models, Biological
KW  - Eutrophication -- physiology
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date completed - 2009-11-06
N1  - Date created - 2009-10-16
N1  - Date revised - 2017-01-13
N1  - Last updated - 2017-01-18
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Systematic Review of Factors Influencing Fertility Desires and Intentions Among People Living with HIV/AIDS: Implications for Policy and Service Delivery
AN  - 61372159; 201001155
AB  - With availability of antiretroviral treatments, HIV is increasingly recognised as a chronic disease people live with for many years. This paper critically reviews the current literature on fertility desires and reproductive intentions among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) and critiques the theoretical frameworks and methodologies used. A systematic review was conducted using electronic databases: ISI Web of Knowledge, Science Direct, Proquest, Jstor and CINAHL for articles published between 1990 and 2008. The search terms used were fertility desire, pregnancy, HIV, reproductive decision making, reproductive intentions, motherhood, fatherhood and parenthood. Twenty-nine studies were reviewed. Fertility desires were influenced by a myriad of demographic, health, stigma-associated and psychosocial factors. Cultural factors were also important, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa and Asia. Future research that examines fertility desires among PLHIV should include cultural beliefs and practices in the theoretical framework in order to provide a holistic understanding and to enable development of services that meet the reproductive needs of PLHIV. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - AIDS and Behavior
AU  - Nattabi, Barbara
AU  - Li, Jianghong
AU  - Thompson, Sandra C
AU  - Orach, Christopher Garimoi
AU  - Earnest, Jaya
AD  - Centre for International Health and Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia barbara.nattabi@postgrad.curtin.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - October 2009
SP  - 949
EP  - 968
PB  - Springer, Dordrecht, The Netherlands
VL  - 13
IS  - 5
SN  - 1090-7165, 1090-7165
KW  - Desire
KW  - Fertility
KW  - Sociocultural Factors
KW  - Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
KW  - Parenthood
KW  - Decision Making
KW  - Sexual Reproduction
KW  - article
KW  - 6126: acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocialservices&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AIDS+and+Behavior&rft.atitle=A+Systematic+Review+of+Factors+Influencing+Fertility+Desires+and+Intentions+Among+People+Living+with+HIV%2FAIDS%3A+Implications+for+Policy+and+Service+Delivery&rft.au=Nattabi%2C+Barbara%3BLi%2C+Jianghong%3BThompson%2C+Sandra+C%3BOrach%2C+Christopher+Garimoi%3BEarnest%2C+Jaya&rft.aulast=Nattabi&rft.aufirst=Barbara&rft.date=2009-10-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=949&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AIDS+and+Behavior&rft.issn=10907165&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10461-009-9537-y
LA  - English
DB  - Social Services Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2010-10-21
N1  - Number of references - 47
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - CODEN - AIBEFC
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome; Fertility; Desire; Sexual Reproduction; Decision Making; Parenthood; Sociocultural Factors
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10461-009-9537-y
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Do Socioeconomic Differences in Family Size Reflect Cultural Differences in Confidence and Social Support for Parenting
AN  - 60308276; 201002995
AB  - This article details family size differences by socio-economic area in metropolitan South Australia and suggests that these differences may be linked to cultural differences in parenting confidence and skills, and in social supports for parenting. The paper analyses Census data on average completed family size and family size distribution in six different areas. In all age groups this shows a negative correlation between family size and the socio-economic status of the area. Secondly, based on analysis of interview data with 38 mothers and 24 fathers and a small survey of 44 parents-to-be, the article suggests that the quantitative patterns may partly reflect differences in the proportions of people in each area who see being parents and having larger families as desirable and achievable undertakings for which they have the requisite personal skills and social supports to minimise adverse impacts on their own parental health and lifestyle. The article concludes by hypothesising that differential fertility levels between groups or areas partly reflect differences in levels of confidence, skills and social support for parenting, and that a cultural "crisis in parenthood" as well as a greater focus on intensive parenting may be more widespread in higher status groups which is reflected in their lower fertility. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - Population Research and Policy Review
AU  - Newman, Lareen A
AD  - Australian Health Inequities Program, Department of Public Health, Health Sciences Building, Flinders University of South Australia, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia lareen.newman@flinders.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - October 2009
SP  - 661
EP  - 691
PB  - Springer, Dordrecht The Netherlands
VL  - 28
IS  - 5
SN  - 0167-5923, 0167-5923
KW  - Status
KW  - Fertility
KW  - Mothers
KW  - Socioeconomic Status
KW  - Fathers
KW  - article
KW  - 1941: the family and socialization; sociology of the family, marriage, & divorce
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60308276?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Population+Research+and+Policy+Review&rft.atitle=Do+Socioeconomic+Differences+in+Family+Size+Reflect+Cultural+Differences+in+Confidence+and+Social+Support+for+Parenting&rft.au=Newman%2C+Lareen+A&rft.aulast=Newman&rft.aufirst=Lareen&rft.date=2009-10-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=661&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Population+Research+and+Policy+Review&rft.issn=01675923&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11113-008-9124-3
LA  - English
DB  - Sociological Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2010-10-21
N1  - Number of references - 116
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - CODEN - PRPRE8
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Socioeconomic Status; Mothers; Fathers; Fertility; Status
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11113-008-9124-3
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Washington Hold 'Em: the New Era in U.S. Politics
AN  - 60046562; 201002146
AB  - The author offers his views as a nonpartisan political analyst on the 2010 midterm elections in the US. The Republican loss of 54 House seats & 14 Senate seats over the course of the 2006 & 2008 elections & the 2008 election of Democrat Barack Obama as president has significantly weakened their power in Washington, DC. The overall political climate is assessed & implications for the vulnerability of Republicans vs Democrats to losses in the upcoming elections are considered. The impact of the Fall 2008 economic crisis on government intervention in the private sector, which had steadily waned under both Democratic & Republican administrations since 1980, is discussed. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - The Washington Quarterly
AU  - Cook, Charles E, Jr
AD  - National Journal and Congress Daily AM, and NBC News
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - October 2009
SP  - 191
EP  - 196
PB  - MIT Press, Cambridge MA
VL  - 32
IS  - 4
SN  - 0163-660X, 0163-660X
KW  - Left Wing Politics
KW  - Right Wing Politics
KW  - Elections
KW  - United States of America
KW  - Economic Crises
KW  - Legislative Bodies
KW  - Political Power
KW  - Public Support
KW  - Political Parties
KW  - article
KW  - 9105: politics; national-level politics
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60046562?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Washington+Hold+%27Em%3A+the+New+Era+in+U.S.+Politics&rft.au=Cook%2C+Charles+E%2C+Jr&rft.aulast=Cook&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2009-10-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=191&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Washington+Quarterly&rft.issn=0163660X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F01636600903232129
LA  - English
DB  - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-05
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - United States of America; Economic Crises; Elections; Legislative Bodies; Political Parties; Political Power; Left Wing Politics; Right Wing Politics; Public Support
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01636600903232129
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - When He Said Linking, He Really Meant Linking
AN  - 57682445; 200913561
AB  - Design on the web can be viewed in terms of graphic/industrial design and human usability. Basic searching on the Web involves a nice, clean Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) that remains unchanged, can be read by users, is amenable to common Web behaviors such as bookmarking and proxying, and provides useful information. Essentially, this represents the basic building block of online searching because it provides useful information when a user looks for something and because it provides something to link to. Because the Web is made of links, and items in a library collection are linked to each other, libraries should make those links part of the better Web. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - Computers in Libraries
AU  - Chudnov, Daniel
AD  - Office of Strategic Initiatives, Library of Congress daniel.chudnov@gmail.com
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - October 2009
SP  - 23
EP  - 25
PB  - Information Today Inc
VL  - 29
IS  - 9
SN  - 1041-7915, 1041-7915
KW  - Links
KW  - Online catalogues
KW  - Searching
KW  - article
KW  - 13.14: INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL - SEARCHING
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57682445?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Alisa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computers+in+Libraries&rft.atitle=When+He+Said+Linking%2C+He+Really+Meant+Linking&rft.au=Chudnov%2C+Daniel&rft.aulast=Chudnov&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2009-10-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=23&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computers+in+Libraries&rft.issn=10417915&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Library & Information Science Abstracts (LISA)
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-27
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Links; Searching; Online catalogues
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Fathers and breast feeding very-low-birthweight preterm babies
AN  - 57341258; 201001178
AB  - Objective to explore fathers' experiences of the breast feeding of their very-low-birthweight preterm babies from birth to 12 months of age. Design a qualitative study using interpretive phenomenology. Data were collected via longitudinal in-depth individual interviews. Setting publicly funded tertiary level hospital, Australia. Participants a purposive sample of 17 Australian parents took part in the broader study. This paper reports on data from the seven participant fathers. Findings this paper explores the discursive changes in fathers' accounts of their perspectives on and support of the breast feeding of their preterm baby. The fathers' accounts highlight their marked influence on breast feeding, their ambivalent experiences related to breast feeding and their struggle in negotiating a parenting role related to baby feeding. Key conclusions this study highlights the role and influence that fathers of preterm babies have on breast feeding, and explores the tensions and paradoxes inherent in promoting the ideology of breast feeding while valuing the practice of bottle feeding. Implications for practice this study highlights the need to encourage and involve fathers in breast-feeding education including the impact of bottle feeding on breast-feeding outcomes. The active and positive contribution that fathers make towards preterm breast feeding should be acknowledged and encouraged. [Copyright Elsevier Ltd.]
JF  - Midwifery
AU  - Sweet, Linda
AU  - Darbyshire, Philip
AD  - School of Nursing and Midwifery, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia linda.sweet@flinders.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - October 2009
SP  - 540
EP  - 553
PB  - Elsevier Ltd, The Netherlands
VL  - 25
IS  - 5
SN  - 0266-6138, 0266-6138
KW  - Breast feeding Breast expression Preterm Breast milk Fathers
KW  - Breastfeeding
KW  - Premature babies
KW  - Very low birth weight babies
KW  - Fathers
KW  - article
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57341258?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aassia&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Midwifery&rft.atitle=Fathers+and+breast+feeding+very-low-birthweight+preterm+babies&rft.au=Sweet%2C+Linda%3BDarbyshire%2C+Philip&rft.aulast=Sweet&rft.aufirst=Linda&rft.date=2009-10-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=540&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Midwifery&rft.issn=02666138&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.midw.2007.09.001
LA  - English
DB  - Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA)
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-05
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-27
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Breastfeeding; Fathers; Very low birth weight babies; Premature babies
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2007.09.001
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Defensive Nature Of Benefit Finding During Ongoing Terrorism: An Examination Of A National Sample Of Israeli Jews
AN  - 57311365; 201000485
AB  - A study examining the effects of terrorism on a national sample of 1,136 Jewish adults was conducted in Israel via telephone surveys, during the Second Intifada. The relationship between reports of positive changes occurring subsequent to terrorism exposure (i.e., benefit finding), posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom severity, and negative outgroup attitudes toward Palestinian citizens of Israel (PCI) was examined. Benefit finding was related to greater PTSD symptom severity. Further, benefit finding was related to greater threat perception of PCI and ethnic exclusionism of PCI. Findings were consistent with hypotheses derived from theories of outgroup bias and support the anxiety buffering role of social affiliation posited by terror management theory. This study suggests that benefit finding may be a defensive coping strategy when expressed under the conditions of ongoing terrorism and external threat. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology
AU  - Hall, Brian J
AU  - Hobfoll, Stevan E
AU  - Canetti, Daphna
AU  - Johnson, Robert J
AU  - Galea, Sandro
AD  - Department of Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, 1653 W. Congress Parkway, 310 Rawson Chicago, IL 60612 bhall4@kent.edu
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - October 2009
SP  - 993
EP  - 1021
PB  - Guilford Press, New York NY
VL  - 28
IS  - 8
SN  - 0736-7236, 0736-7236
KW  - Symptoms
KW  - Severity
KW  - Posttraumatic stress disorder
KW  - Terrorism
KW  - Outgroups
KW  - Israel
KW  - article
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57311365?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aassia&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Social+and+Clinical+Psychology&rft.atitle=The+Defensive+Nature+Of+Benefit+Finding+During+Ongoing+Terrorism%3A+An+Examination+Of+A+National+Sample+Of+Israeli+Jews&rft.au=Chamberlin%2C+Michelle&rft.aulast=Chamberlin&rft.aufirst=Michelle&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=22&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mathematics+Teacher+Education+and+Development&rft.issn=14423901&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA)
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-05
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-27
N1  - CODEN - JSCPFF
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Terrorism; Posttraumatic stress disorder; Israel; Outgroups; Symptoms; Severity
ER  - 



TY  - CPAPER
T1  - Releasing Open Source at the Library of Congress
T2  - 12th Annual Library and Information Technology Association National Forum
AN  - 42412186; 5399616
JF  - 12th Annual Library and Information Technology Association National Forum
AU  - Johnston, Leslie
Y1  - 2009/10/01/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Oct 01
KW  - Congress
KW  - U 7000:Multidisciplinary
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42412186?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=12th+Annual+Library+and+Information+Technology+Association+National+Forum&rft.atitle=Releasing+Open+Source+at+the+Library+of+Congress&rft.au=Johnston%2C+Leslie&rft.aulast=Johnston&rft.aufirst=Leslie&rft.date=2009-10-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=12th+Annual+Library+and+Information+Technology+Association+National+Forum&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://www.lita.org/ala/mgrps/divs/lita/litaevents/forum2009/schedule. cfm
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-04-06
N1  - Last updated - 2010-05-03
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Validation of CENDL and JEFF evaluated nuclear data files for TRIGA calculations through the analysis of integral parameters of TRX and BAPL benchmark lattices of thermal reactors
AN  - 34952247; 200911-42-0144493 (CE); 200911-51-1352899 (MT); 10976406 (EN); 200911-70-0100969 (EA)
AB  - The aim of this paper is to present the validation of evaluated nuclear data files CENDL-2.2 and JEFF-3.1.1 through the analysis of the integral parameters of TRX and BAPL benchmark lattices of thermal reactors for neutronics analysis of TRIGA Mark-II Research Reactor at AERE, Bangladesh. In this process, the 69-group cross-section library for lattice code WIMS was generated using the basic evaluated nuclear data files CENDL-2.2 and JEFF-3.1.1 with the help of nuclear data processing code NJOY99.0. Integral measurements on the thermal reactor lattices TRX-1, TRX-2, BAPL-UO sub(2)-1, BAPL-UO sub(2)-2 and BAPL-UO sub(2)-3 served as standard benchmarks for testing nuclear data files and have also been selected for this analysis. The integral parameters of the said lattices were calculated using the lattice transport code WIMSD-5B based on the generated 69-group cross-section library. The calculated integral parameters were compared to the measured values as well as the results of Monte Carlo Code MCNP. It was found that in most cases, the values of integral parameters show a good agreement with the experiment and MCNP results. Besides, the group constants in WIMS format for the isotopes U-235 and U-238 between two data files have been compared using WIMS library utility code WILLIE and it was found that the group constants are identical with very insignificant difference. Therefore, this analysis reflects the validation of evaluated nuclear data files CENDL-2.2 and JEFF-3.1.1 through benchmarking the integral parameters of TRX and BAPL lattices and can also be essential to implement further neutronic analysis of TRIGA Mark-II research reactor at AERE, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
JF  - Annals of Nuclear Energy
AU  - Uddin, M N
AU  - Sarker, M M
AU  - Khan, M.J.H.
AU  - Islam, S.M.A.
AD  - Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Savar, GPO Box 3787, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
PY  - 2009
SP  - 1521
EP  - 1526
PB  - Elsevier Science BV, P.O. Box 211, Amsterdam, 1000 AE, Netherlands, [mailto:w.tukker@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.com]
VL  - 36
IS  - 10
SN  - 0306-4549, 0306-4549
KW  - Civil Engineering (CE); Mechanical & Transportation Engineering (MT); Environmental Engineering (EN); Electronics & Communication (EA)
KW  - Publisher ID: S0306454909002357
KW  - Lattices
KW  - Integrals
KW  - Benchmarking
KW  - Mathematical analysis
KW  - Thermal reactors
KW  - Libraries
KW  - Monte Carlo methods
KW  - Constants
KW  - Article
KW  - EE 10:General Environmental Engineering (EN)
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/34952247?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+Nuclear+Energy&rft.atitle=Validation+of+CENDL+and+JEFF+evaluated+nuclear+data+files+for+TRIGA+calculations+through+the+analysis+of+integral+parameters+of+TRX+and+BAPL+benchmark+lattices+of+thermal+reactors&rft.au=Uddin%2C+M+N%3BSarker%2C+M+M%3BKhan%2C+M.J.H.%3BIslam%2C+S.M.A.&rft.aulast=Uddin&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2009-10-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1521&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+Nuclear+Energy&rft.issn=03064549&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.anucene.2009.07.016
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-11-14
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anucene.2009.07.016
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Cumulative Lead Exposure and Tooth Loss in Men: The Normative Aging Study
AN  - 21469602; 11866555
AB  - Background Individuals previously exposed to lead remain at risk because of endogenous release of lead stored in their skeletal compartments. However, it is not known if long-term cumulative lead exposure is a risk factor for tooth loss. Objectives We examined the association of bone lead concentrations with loss of natural teeth. Methods We examined 333 men enrolled in the Veterans Affairs Normative Aging Study. We used a validated K-shell X-ray fluorescence (KXRF) method to measure lead concentrations in the tibial midshaft and patella. A dentist recorded the number of teeth remaining, and tooth loss was categorized as 0, 1-8 or aY 9 missing teeth. We used proportional odds models to estimate the association of bone lead biomarkers with tooth loss, adjusting for age, smoking, diabetes, and other putative confounders. Results Participants with aY 9 missing teeth had significantly higher bone lead concentrations than those who had not experienced tooth loss. In multivariable-adjusted analyses, men in the highest tertile of tibia lead (> 23 mu g/g) and patella lead (> 36 mu g/g) had approximately three times the odds of having experienced an elevated degree of tooth loss (aY 9 vs. 0-8 missing teeth or Y 1 vs. 0 missing teeth) as those in the lowest tertile [prevalence odds ratio (OR) = 3.03; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.60-5.76 and OR = 2.41; 95% CI, 1.30-4.49, respectively]. Associations between bone lead biomarkers and tooth loss were similar in magnitude to the increased odds observed in participants who were current smokers. Conclusion Long-term cumulative lead exposure is associated with increased odds of tooth loss.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Arora, Manish
AU  - Weuve, Jennifer
AU  - Weisskopf, Marc G
AU  - Sparrow, David
AU  - Nie, Huiling
AU  - Garcia, Raul I
AU  - Hu, Howard
AD  - Environmental and Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Oct 2009
SP  - 1531
EP  - 1534
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 10
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts
KW  - aging
KW  - blood lead
KW  - bone lead
KW  - KXRF
KW  - tooth loss
KW  - Teeth
KW  - Age
KW  - Aging
KW  - Lead
KW  - Models
KW  - Gastropods (Limpets)
KW  - Smoking
KW  - diabetes mellitus
KW  - Exposure
KW  - Risk factors
KW  - X-ray Fluorescence
KW  - Bioindicators
KW  - Fluorescence
KW  - males
KW  - Patella
KW  - teeth
KW  - biomarkers
KW  - Model Studies
KW  - Bone
KW  - Tibia
KW  - Diabetes mellitus
KW  - Risk
KW  - dentistry
KW  - Ionizing radiation
KW  - Bone loss
KW  - X 24380:Social Poisons & Drug Abuse
KW  - T 2045:Teeth
KW  - SW 3030:Effects of pollution
KW  - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-04-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-05-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Teeth; Fluorescence; Aging; Patella; biomarkers; Lead; Models; Diabetes mellitus; Tibia; Smoking; Ionizing radiation; Risk factors; Bone loss; Bioindicators; Bone; Age; diabetes mellitus; dentistry; males; teeth; aging; Gastropods (Limpets); Risk; Exposure; X-ray Fluorescence; Model Studies
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0900739
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - What Additional Factors Beyond State-of-the-Art Analytical Methods Are Needed for Optimal Generation and Interpretation of Biomonitoring Data?
AN  - 21467829; 11866548
AB  - Background The routine use of biomonitoring (i.e., measurement of environmental chemicals, their metabolites, or specific reaction products in human biological specimens) to assess internal exposure (i.e., body burden) has gained importance in exposure assessment. Objectives Selection and validation of biomarkers of exposure are critical factors in interpreting biomonitoring data. Moreover, the strong relation between quality of the analytical methods used for biomonitoring and quality of the resulting data is well understood. However, the relevance of collecting, storing, processing, and transporting the samples to the laboratory to the overall biomonitoring process has received limited attention, especially for organic chemicals. Discussion We present examples to illustrate potential sources of unintended contamination of the biological specimen during collection or processing procedures. The examples also highlight the importance of ensuring that the biological specimen analyzed both represents the sample collected for biomonitoring purposes and reflects the exposure of interest. Conclusions Besides using high-quality analytical methods and good laboratory practices for biomonitoring, evaluation of the collection and handling of biological samples should be emphasized, because these procedures can affect the samples integrity and representativeness. Biomonitoring programs would be strengthened with the inclusion of field blanks.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Calafat, Antonia M
AU  - Needham, Larry L
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Oct 2009
SP  - 1481
EP  - 1485
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 10
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - BPA
KW  - contamination
KW  - DEHP
KW  - extraction efficiency
KW  - field blank
KW  - phthalates
KW  - Bioindicators
KW  - Chemicals
KW  - body burden
KW  - Metabolites
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=What+Additional+Factors+Beyond+State-of-the-Art+Analytical+Methods+Are+Needed+for+Optimal+Generation+and+Interpretation+of+Biomonitoring+Data%3F&rft.au=Calafat%2C+Antonia+M%3BNeedham%2C+Larry+L&rft.aulast=Calafat&rft.aufirst=Antonia&rft.date=2009-10-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1481&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/10.1289%2Fehp.0901108
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-04-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chemicals; Bioindicators; body burden; Metabolites
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0901108
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Postnatal Cadmium Exposure, Neurodevelopment, and Blood Pressure in Children at 2, 5, and 7 Years of Age
AN  - 21464908; 11866562
AB  - Background Adverse health effects of cadmium in adults are well documented, but little is known about the neuropsychological effects of cadmium in children, and no studies of cadmium and blood pressure in children have been conducted. Objective We examined the potential effects of low-level cadmium exposure on intelligence quotient, neuropsychological functions, behavior, and blood pressure among children, using blood cadmium as a measure of exposure. Methods We used the data from a multicenter randomized clinical trial of lead-exposed children and analyzed blood cadmium concentrations using the whole blood samples collected when children were 2 years of age. We compared neuropsychological and behavioral scores at 2, 5, and 7 years of age by cadmium level and analyzed the relationship between blood cadmium levels at 2 years of age and systolic and diastolic blood pressure at 2, 5, and 7 years of age. Results The average cadmium concentration of these children was 0.21 I14g/L, lower than for adults in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), but comparable to concentrations in children & 3 years of age in NHANES. Except for the California Verbal Learning Test for Children, there were no differences in test scores among children in different cadmium categories. For children with detectable pretreatment blood cadmium, after adjusting for a variety of covariates, general linear model analyses showed that at none of the three age points was the coefficient of cadmium on Mental Development Index or IQ statistically significant. Spline regression analysis suggested that behavioral problem scores at 5 and 7 years of age tended to increase with increasing blood cadmium, but the trend was not significant. We found no significant associations between blood cadmium levels and blood pressure. Conclusion We found no significant associations between background blood cadmium levels at 2 years of age and neurodevelopmental end points and blood pressure at 2, 5, and 7 years of age. The neuropsychological or hypertensive effects from longer background exposures to cadmium need further study.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Cao, Yang
AU  - Chen, Aimin
AU  - Radcliffe, Jerilynn
AU  - Dietrich, Kim N
AU  - Jones, Robert L
AU  - Caldwell, Kathleen
AU  - Rogan, Walter J
AD  - Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Oct 2009
SP  - 1580
EP  - 1586
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 10
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - behavior
KW  - blood pressure
KW  - cadmium
KW  - children
KW  - clinical trial
KW  - intelligence
KW  - neurodevelopment
KW  - Learning
KW  - Age
KW  - Data processing
KW  - Statistical analysis
KW  - clinical trials
KW  - Children
KW  - Nutrition
KW  - Clinical trials
KW  - Lead
KW  - Blood pressure
KW  - Blood levels
KW  - Intelligence
KW  - Regression analysis
KW  - Cadmium
KW  - USA, California
KW  - Mental development
KW  - N3 11001:Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health
KW  - X 24360:Metals
KW  - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-04-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-05-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Age; Learning; Data processing; Statistical analysis; Children; Clinical trials; Nutrition; Blood pressure; Lead; Intelligence; Regression analysis; Cadmium; Mental development; blood pressure; clinical trials; intelligence; Blood levels; USA, California
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0900765
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Developmental Changes in PON1 Enzyme Activity in Young Children and Effects of PON1 Polymorphisms
AN  - 21463906; 11866570
AB  - Background Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is an enzyme that detoxifies activated organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) and is also involved in oxidative stress pathways. Objectives PON1 activity in newborns is lower than in adults, but the ontogeny of PON1 activity is poorly characterized in young children. We examined the effects of age and PON1 genotype on enzyme activity in a birth cohort of Mexican-American children. Methods We determined three substrate-specific measures of PON1 activity in 1,143 plasma samples collected longitudinally from 458 children at five time points from birth through 7 years of age, and genotyped PON1 polymorphisms at positions 192 and a108 in these children. Results Contrary to previous reports that PON1 activities plateau by 2 years of age, we observed an age-dependent increase in all three PON1 measures from birth through 7 years of age (p & 0.0001). The PON1 sub(192) genotype significantly modified the effect of age on paraoxonase (POase) activity (p & 0.0001) such that increases in enzyme activity with age were influenced by the number of R alleles in a dose-dependent manner. Children with the PON1 sub(-108CC192RR) diplotype had significantly higher mean PON1 activities and also experienced steeper increases of POase activity over time compared with children with the PON1 sub(-108TT192QQ) diplotype. Conclusions Lower levels of the PON1 enzyme, which is involved in protection against OPs and oxidative stress, persist in young children past 2 years of age through at least 7 years of age. Future policies addressing pesticide exposure in children should take into account that the window of vulnerability to OPs in young children may last beyond infancy.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Huen, Karen
AU  - Harley, Kim
AU  - Brooks, Jordan
AU  - Hubbard, Alan
AU  - Bradman, Asa
AU  - Eskenazi, Brenda
AU  - Holland, Nina
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Oct 2009
SP  - 1632
EP  - 1638
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 10
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - age
KW  - children
KW  - enzymatic assay
KW  - longitudinal birth cohort
KW  - organophosphate metabolism
KW  - oxidative stress
KW  - paraoxonase
KW  - pesticides
KW  - PON1 activity
KW  - plateaus
KW  - Age
KW  - Pesticides
KW  - enzymatic activity
KW  - Enzymes
KW  - vulnerability
KW  - Genotypes
KW  - Children
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-04-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - plateaus; Age; Pesticides; Enzymes; enzymatic activity; vulnerability; Genotypes; Children; oxidative stress
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0900870
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Diet Contributes Significantly to the Body Burden of PBDEs in the General U.S. Population
AN  - 21463877; 11866553
AB  - Background Exposure of the U.S. population to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) is thought to be via exposure to dust and diet. However, little work has been done to empirically link body burdens of these compounds to either route of exposure. Objectives The primary goal of this research was to evaluate the dietary contribution to PBDE body burdens in the United States by linking serum levels to food intake. Methods We used two dietary instrumentsaa 24-hr food recall (24FR) and a 1-year food frequency questionnaire (FFQ)ato examine food intake among participants of the 2003a2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. We regressed serum concentrations of five PBDEs (BDE congeners 28, 47, 99, 100, and 153) and their sum (aPBDE) against diet variables while adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, income, and body mass index. Results aPBDE serum concentrations among vegetarians were 23% (p = 0.006) and 27% (p = 0.009) lower than among omnivores for 24FR and 1-year FFQ, respectively. Serum levels of five PBDE congeners were associated with consumption of poultry fat: Low, medium, and high intake corresponded to geometric mean aPBDE concentrations of 40.6, 41.9, and 48.3 ng/g lipid, respectively (p = 0.0005). We observed similar trends for red meat fat, which were statistically significant for BDE-100 and BDE-153. No association was observed between serum PBDEs and consumption of dairy or fish. Results were similar for both dietary instruments but were more robust using 24FR. Conclusions Intake of contaminated poultry and red meat contributes significantly to PBDE body burdens in the United States.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Fraser, Alicia J
AU  - Webster, Thomas F
AU  - McClean, Michael D
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Oct 2009
SP  - 1520
EP  - 1525
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 10
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts
KW  - biomarkers
KW  - diet
KW  - exposure
KW  - NHANES
KW  - PBDEs
KW  - Diets
KW  - Age
KW  - poultry
KW  - omnivores
KW  - Lipids
KW  - Nutrition
KW  - Dust
KW  - USA
KW  - Dairies
KW  - polybrominated diphenyl ethers
KW  - body mass
KW  - income
KW  - meat
KW  - body burden
KW  - Fish
KW  - Ethnic groups
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-04-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diets; Age; poultry; Lipids; omnivores; Nutrition; Dust; polybrominated diphenyl ethers; Dairies; body mass; income; meat; body burden; Fish; Ethnic groups; USA
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0900817
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Predictors of Serum Dioxins and PCBs among Peripubertal Russian Boys
AN  - 21449283; 11866564
AB  - Background Although sources and routes of exposure to dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) have been studied, information regarding exposure among children is limited. Breast-feeding and diet are two important contributors to early life exposure. To further understand other significant contributors to childhood exposure, we studied a cohort of children from a city with high environmental dioxin levels. Objectives We investigated predictors of serum concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs)/polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs)/co-planar PCBs (C-PCBs), toxic equivalents (TEQs), and PCBs among 8- to 9-year-old boys in Chapaevsk, Russia. Methods We used general linear regression models to explore associations of log sub(10)-transformed serum concentrations of PCDDs/PCDFs/C-PCBs, TEQs, and PCBs at study entry with anthropometric, demographic, geographic, and dietary factors in 482 boys in Chapaevsk, Russia. Results The median (25th, 75th percentile) concentration for total 2005 TEQs was 21.1 pg/g lipid (14.4, 33.2). Boys who were older, consumed local foods, were breast-fed longer, and whose mothers were employed at the Khimprom chemical plant (where chlorinated chemicals were produced) or gardened locally had significantly higher serum dioxins and PCBs, whereas boys with higher body mass index or more educated parents had significantly lower serum dioxins and PCBs. Boys who lived & 2 km from Khimprom had higher total TEQs (picograms per gram lipid) [adjusted mean = 30.6; 95% confidence interval (CI), 26.8a35.0] than boys who lived > 5 km away (adjusted mean = 18.8; 95% CI, 17.2a20.6). Conclusions Our findings suggest that there are specific local sources of dioxin and PCB exposure among children in Chapaevsk including maternal gardening, consumption of locally grown food, and residential proximity to the Khimprom plant.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Burns, Jane S
AU  - Williams, Paige L
AU  - Sergeyev, Oleg
AU  - Korrick, Susan
AU  - Lee, Mary M
AU  - Revich, Boris
AU  - Altshul, Larisa
AU  - Patterson, Donald G
AU  - Turner, Wayman E
AU  - Needham, Larry L
AU  - Saharov, Igor
AU  - Hauser, Russ
AD  - Environmental and Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology Program, Department of Environmental Health and
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Oct 2009
SP  - 1593
EP  - 1599
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 10
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts
KW  - children
KW  - diet
KW  - environment
KW  - epidemiology
KW  - polychlorinated biphenyls
KW  - polychlorinated dibenzodioxins
KW  - polychlorinated dibenzofurans
KW  - Food
KW  - Lipids
KW  - Dioxins
KW  - Models
KW  - Demography
KW  - body mass
KW  - PCDF
KW  - Regression analysis
KW  - PCB compounds
KW  - PCDD
KW  - PCB
KW  - Urban areas
KW  - Diets
KW  - Polychlorinated dibenzofurans
KW  - Children
KW  - Food plants
KW  - Dibenzo-p-dioxin
KW  - Russia
KW  - Chemical plants
KW  - Body mass index
KW  - Dioxin
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health
KW  - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals
KW  - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Predictors+of+Serum+Dioxins+and+PCBs+among+Peripubertal+Russian+Boys&rft.au=Burns%2C+Jane+S%3BWilliams%2C+Paige+L%3BSergeyev%2C+Oleg%3BKorrick%2C+Susan%3BLee%2C+Mary+M%3BRevich%2C+Boris%3BAltshul%2C+Larisa%3BPatterson%2C+Donald+G%3BTurner%2C+Wayman+E%3BNeedham%2C+Larry+L%3BSaharov%2C+Igor%3BHauser%2C+Russ&rft.aulast=Burns&rft.aufirst=Jane&rft.date=2009-10-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1593&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/10.1289%2Fehp.0800223
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-04-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-05-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diets; Lipids; Food; Polychlorinated dibenzofurans; Food plants; Children; Models; Demography; polychlorinated biphenyls; Regression analysis; Dibenzo-p-dioxin; Body mass index; PCB; Dioxin; body mass; PCDF; Chemical plants; PCB compounds; PCDD; Dioxins; Urban areas; Russia
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0800223
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Maternal Blood Lead Levels and the Risk of Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension: The EDEN Cohort Study
AN  - 21449274; 11866554
AB  - Background Prior studies revealed associations of environmental lead exposure with risks of hypertension and elevated blood pressure. Objective We examined the effect of blood lead levels on blood pressure and the incidence of pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. Methods One thousand seventeen pregnant women were enrolled in two French municipalities between 2003 and 2005 for the EDEN (Etude des Determinants pre et post natals du developpement et de la sante de la2 Enfant) cohort study. Blood lead concentrations were measured by atomic absorption spectrometry in mothers between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation. Results PIH was diagnosed in 106 subjects (10.9%). Age, parity, weight gain, alcohol, smoking habits, and calcium supplementation were comparable between hypertensive and nonhypertensive women. Lead levels were significantly higher in PIH cases (mean A- SD, 2.2 A- 1.4 I14g/dL) than in normotensive patients (1.9 A- 1.2 I14g/dL; p = 0.02). Adjustment for potential confounder effects slightly attenuated but did not eliminate the significant association between blood lead levels and the risk of PIH (adjusted odds ratio of PIH = 3.3; 95% confidence interval, 1.1a9.7). We also observed geographic differences in lead exposure and in the incidence of PIH and found significant correlations between blood lead levels and unadjusted as well as adjusted systolic and diastolic blood pressures after 24 weeks of gestation. Conclusions These findings confirm the relationship between blood lead levels at mid-pregnancy and blood pressure and suggest that environmental lead exposure may play an etiologic role in PIH.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Yazbeck, Chadi
AU  - Thiebaugeorges, Olivier
AU  - Moreau, Thierry
AU  - Goua, Valerie
AU  - Debotte, Ginette
AU  - Sahuquillo, Josiane
AU  - Forhan, Anne
AU  - Foliguet, Bernard
AU  - Magnin, Guillaume
AU  - Slama, Remy
AU  - Charles, Marie-Aline
AU  - Huel, Guy
AD  - INSERM, U780, IFR69, Villejuif, France
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Oct 2009
SP  - 1526
EP  - 1530
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 10
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts
KW  - cadmium
KW  - environmental health
KW  - epidemiology
KW  - gestation
KW  - hypertension
KW  - lead
KW  - manganese
KW  - parity
KW  - Age
KW  - Calcium
KW  - obesity
KW  - Lead
KW  - Blood pressure
KW  - Supplementation
KW  - Smoking
KW  - Gestation
KW  - Absorption
KW  - alcohols
KW  - body weight
KW  - Parity
KW  - Alcohol
KW  - blood pressure
KW  - Blood levels
KW  - Pregnancy
KW  - Spectrometry
KW  - Hypertension
KW  - X 24380:Social Poisons & Drug Abuse
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Maternal+Blood+Lead+Levels+and+the+Risk+of+Pregnancy-Induced+Hypertension%3A+The+EDEN+Cohort+Study&rft.au=Yazbeck%2C+Chadi%3BThiebaugeorges%2C+Olivier%3BMoreau%2C+Thierry%3BGoua%2C+Valerie%3BDebotte%2C+Ginette%3BSahuquillo%2C+Josiane%3BForhan%2C+Anne%3BFoliguet%2C+Bernard%3BMagnin%2C+Guillaume%3BSlama%2C+Remy%3BCharles%2C+Marie-Aline%3BHuel%2C+Guy&rft.aulast=Yazbeck&rft.aufirst=Chadi&rft.date=2009-10-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1526&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/10.1289%2Fehp.0800488
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-04-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-05-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Parity; Smoking; Age; Calcium; Gestation; alcohols; Supplementation; Blood pressure; Lead; Spectrometry; Pregnancy; Hypertension; Alcohol; parity; blood pressure; obesity; Blood levels; hypertension; Absorption; body weight
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0800488
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Malaria Control Insecticide Residues in Breast Milk: The Need to Consider Infant Health Risks
AN  - 21449251; 11866547
AB  - Background In many parts of the world, deliberate indoor residual spraying (IRS) of dwellings with insecticides to control malaria transmission remains the only viable option, thereby unintentionally but inevitably also causing exposure to inhabitants. Because mothers are exposed to insecticides via various routes, accumulated residues are transferred to infants via breast milk, in some cases exceeding recommended intake levels. Except for dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), safety of residues of other insecticides in breast milk has not been considered during World Health Organization Pesticide Evaluation Scheme (WHOPES) evaluations. However, very little is known of the health risks posed by these chemicals to infants who, in developing countries, breast-feed for up to 2 years. Objective We evaluated the need for WHOPES to include breast milk as a potentially significant route of exposure and risk to infants when evaluating the risks during evaluation of IRS insecticides. Discussion We present evidence showing that neurologic and endocrine effects are associated with pyrethroids and DDT at levels equal or below known levels in breast milk. Conclusions Because millions of people in malaria control areas experience conditions of multiple sources and routes of exposure to any number of insecticides, even though lives are saved through malaria prevention, identification of potential infant health risks associated with insecticide residues in breast milk must be incorporated in WHOPES evaluations and in the development of appropriate risk assessment tools.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Bouwman, Hindrik
AU  - Kylin, Henrik
AD  - School of Environmental Sciences and Development (Zoology), North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Oct 2009
SP  - 1477
EP  - 1480
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 10
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Risk Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources
KW  - DDT
KW  - IRS
KW  - pyrethroid
KW  - vector control
KW  - WHOPES
KW  - Chemicals
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Human diseases
KW  - Breast milk
KW  - Malaria
KW  - Spraying
KW  - Risks
KW  - Disease transmission
KW  - Insecticides
KW  - Neurotransmission
KW  - prevention
KW  - Pyrethroids
KW  - disease transmission
KW  - Residues
KW  - Insecticide residues
KW  - breast milk
KW  - Health risks
KW  - Prevention
KW  - Bioaccumulation
KW  - malaria
KW  - Pesticides
KW  - Developing countries
KW  - Infants
KW  - H 5000:Pesticides
KW  - K 03400:Human Diseases
KW  - X 24320:Food Additives & Contaminants
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - Q1 08485:Species interactions: pests and control
KW  - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Malaria+Control+Insecticide+Residues+in+Breast+Milk%3A+The+Need+to+Consider+Infant+Health+Risks&rft.au=Bouwman%2C+Hindrik%3BKylin%2C+Henrik&rft.aulast=Bouwman&rft.aufirst=Hindrik&rft.date=2009-10-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=86&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mathematics+Education+Research+Journal&rft.issn=10332170&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-04-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-10-28
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Human diseases; Bioaccumulation; Insecticides; Pesticides; DDT; Malaria; Developing countries; Risks; Risk assessment; Neurotransmission; Breast milk; Spraying; Pyrethroids; Infants; Chemicals; Residues; disease transmission; Insecticide residues; Disease transmission; breast milk; Health risks; Prevention; malaria; prevention
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0900605
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Childhood Leukemia and Parental Occupational Pesticide Exposure
AN  - 21442643; 11866551
AB  - Objectives We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of childhood leukemia and parental occupational pesticide exposure. Data sources Searches of MEDLINE (1950-2009) and other electronic databases yielded 31 included studies. Data extraction Two authors independently abstracted data and assessed the quality of each study. Data synthesis Random effects models were used to obtain summary odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). There was no overall association between childhood leukemia and any paternal occupational pesticide exposure (OR = 1.09; 95% CI, 0.88-1.34); there were slightly elevated risks in subgroups of studies with low total-quality scores (OR = 1.39; 95% CI, 0.99-1.95), ill-defined exposure time windows (OR = 1.36; 95% CI, 1.00-1.85), and exposure information collected after offspring leukemia diagnosis (OR = 1.34; 95% CI, 1.05-1.70). Childhood leukemia was associated with prenatal maternal occupational pesticide exposure (OR = 2.09; 95% CI, 1.51-2.88); this association was slightly stronger for studies with high exposure-measurement-quality scores (OR = 2.45; 95% CI, 1.68-3.58), higher confounder control scores (OR = 2.38; 95% CI, 1.56a3.62), and farm-related exposures (OR = 2.44; 95% CI, 1.53-3.89). Childhood leukemia risk was also elevated for prenatal maternal occupational exposure to insecticides (OR = 2.72; 95% CI, 1.47-5.04) and herbicides (OR = 3.62; 95% CI, 1.28-10.3). Conclusions Childhood leukemia was associated with prenatal maternal occupational pesticide exposure in analyses of all studies combined and in several subgroups. Associations with paternal occupational pesticide exposure were weaker and less consistent. Research needs include improved pesticide exposure indices, continued follow-up of existing cohorts, genetic susceptibility assessment, and basic research on childhood leukemia initiation and progression.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Wigle, Donald T
AU  - Turner, Michelle C
AU  - Krewski, Daniel
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Oct 2009
SP  - 1505
EP  - 1513
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 10
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Immunology Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts
KW  - child
KW  - leukemia
KW  - meta-analysis
KW  - occupational exposure
KW  - pesticides
KW  - Prenatal experience
KW  - Models
KW  - Leukemia
KW  - Research Priorities
KW  - Agricultural Chemicals
KW  - Insecticides
KW  - Assessments
KW  - Exposure
KW  - Synthesis
KW  - Occupational exposure
KW  - offspring
KW  - Data processing
KW  - Herbicides
KW  - Systematics
KW  - Children
KW  - Risk
KW  - Databases
KW  - prenatal experience
KW  - Reviews
KW  - Pesticides
KW  - Progeny
KW  - SW 3030:Effects of pollution
KW  - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution
KW  - F 06915:Cancer Immunology
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health
KW  - X 24330:Agrochemicals
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-04-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-05-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Databases; Leukemia; Insecticides; Prenatal experience; Data processing; Reviews; Pesticides; Herbicides; Progeny; Children; Occupational exposure; Models; prenatal experience; offspring; Risk; Research Priorities; Agricultural Chemicals; Assessments; Exposure; Synthesis; Systematics
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0900582
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Exposure to a Complex Cocktail of Environmental Endocrine-Disrupting Compounds Disturbs the Kisspeptin/GPR54 System in Ovine Hypothalamus and Pituitary Gland
AN  - 21437985; 11866559
AB  - Background Ubiquitous environmental chemicals, including endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), are associated with declining human reproductive health, as well as an increasing incidence of cancers of the reproductive system. Verifying such links requires animal models exposed to areal-life,a environmentally relevant concentrations/mixtures of EDC, particularly in utero, when sensitivity to EDC exposure is maximal. Objectives We evaluated the effects of maternal exposure to a pollutant cocktail (sewage sludge) on the ovine fetal reproductive neuroendocrine axes, particularly the kisspeptin (KiSS-1)/GPR54 (G-proteinacoupled receptor 54) system. Methods KiSS-1, GPR54, and ERI- (estrogen receptor I-) mRNA expression was quantified in control (C) and treated (T) maternal and fetal (110-day) hypothalami and pituitary glands using semiquantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and colocalization of kisspeptin with LHI2 (luteinizing hormone I2) and ERI- in C and T fetal pituitary glands quantified using dual-labeling immunohistochemistry. Results Fetuses exposed in utero to the EDC mixture showed reduced KiSS-1 mRNA expression across three hypothalamic regions examined (rostral, mid, and caudal) and had fewer kisspetin immunopositive cells colocalized with both LHI2 and ERI- in the pituitary gland. In contrast, treatment had no effect on parameters measured in the adult ewe hypothalamus or pituitary. Conclusions This study demonstrates that the developing fetus is sensitive to real-world mixtures of environmental chemicals, which cause significant neuroendocrine alterations. The important role of kisspeptin/GPR54 in regulating puberty and adult reproduction means that in utero disruption of this system is likely to have long-term consequences in adulthood and represents a novel, additional pathway through which environmental chemicals perturb human reproduction.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Bellingham, Michelle
AU  - Fowler, Paul A
AU  - Amezaga, Maria R
AU  - Rhind, Stewart M
AU  - Cotinot, Corinne
AU  - Mandon-Pepin, Beatrice
AU  - Sharpe, Richard M
AU  - Evans, Neil P
AD  - Division of Cell Sciences, Institute of Comparative Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Oct 2009
SP  - 1556
EP  - 1562
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 10
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts
KW  - environmental chemicals
KW  - GPR54
KW  - hypothalamus
KW  - kisspeptin
KW  - pituitary
KW  - prenatal exposure
KW  - sheep
KW  - Chemicals
KW  - Hypothalamus
KW  - endocrine disruptors
KW  - Sewage sludge
KW  - Endocrine disruptors
KW  - Animal models
KW  - Hormones
KW  - Reproductive system
KW  - Reverse transcription
KW  - Gene expression
KW  - Kiss1 protein
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Pituitary
KW  - Exposure
KW  - Luteinizing hormone
KW  - Polymerase chain reaction
KW  - Sensitivity
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - Sludge
KW  - Fetuses
KW  - Cancer
KW  - Model Studies
KW  - Water Pollution Effects
KW  - Reproduction
KW  - Estrogen receptors
KW  - Immunohistochemistry
KW  - Wastewater
KW  - estrogens
KW  - Puberty
KW  - N3 11028:Neuropharmacology & toxicology
KW  - SW 3030:Effects of pollution
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health
KW  - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals
KW  - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Exposure+to+a+Complex+Cocktail+of+Environmental+Endocrine-Disrupting+Compounds+Disturbs+the+Kisspeptin%2FGPR54+System+in+Ovine+Hypothalamus+and+Pituitary+Gland&rft.au=Bellingham%2C+Michelle%3BFowler%2C+Paul+A%3BAmezaga%2C+Maria+R%3BRhind%2C+Stewart+M%3BCotinot%2C+Corinne%3BMandon-Pepin%2C+Beatrice%3BSharpe%2C+Richard+M%3BEvans%2C+Neil+P&rft.aulast=Bellingham&rft.aufirst=Michelle&rft.date=2009-10-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1556&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/10.1289%2Fehp.0900699
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-04-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-05-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hypothalamus; Sewage sludge; Endocrine disruptors; Animal models; Cancer; Fetuses; Reproductive system; Reverse transcription; Gene expression; Kiss1 protein; Pollutants; Pituitary; Luteinizing hormone; Polymerase chain reaction; Reproduction; Immunohistochemistry; Estrogen receptors; Puberty; Chemicals; Sensitivity; endocrine disruptors; Hormones; estrogens; Exposure; Water Pollution Effects; Toxicity; Sludge; Wastewater; Model Studies
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0900699
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Using National and Local Extant Data to Characterize Environmental Exposures in the National Childrenas Study: Queens County, New York
AN  - 21437936; 11866550
AB  - Objective The National Childrenas Study is a long-term epidemiologic study of 100,000 children from 105 locations across the United States. It will require information on a large number of environmental variables to address its core hypotheses. The resources available to collect actual home and personal exposure samples are limited, with most of the home sampling completed on periodic visits and the personal sampling generally limited to biomonitoring. To fill major data gaps, extant data will be required for each study location. The Queens Vanguard Center has examined the extent of those needs and the types of data that are generally and possibly locally available. Data In this review we identify three levels of dataanational, state and countyaand local data and information sets (levels 1a3, respectively), each with different degrees of availability and completeness, that can be used as a starting point for the extant data collection in each study location over time. We present an example on the use of this tiered approach, to tailor the data needs for Queens County and to provide general guidance for application to other NCS locations. Conclusions Preexisting and continually evolving databases are available for use in the NCS to characterize exposure. The three levels of data we identified will be used to test a method for developing exposure indices for segments and homes during the pilot phase of NCS, as outlined in this article.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Lioy, Paul J
AU  - Isukapalli, Sastry S
AU  - Trasande, Leonardo
AU  - Thorpe, Lorna
AU  - Dellarco, Michael
AU  - Weisel, Clifford
AU  - Georgopoulos, Panos G
AU  - Yung, Christopher
AU  - Brown, Margot
AU  - Landrigan, Philip J
AD  - Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, University of Medicine and Dentistry, New JerseyaRobert Wood Johnson Medical School and Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Oct 2009
SP  - 1494
EP  - 1504
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 10
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts
KW  - children
KW  - environmental measurements
KW  - EXIS
KW  - exposure index
KW  - exposure information system
KW  - microinventories
KW  - National Childrenas Study
KW  - national databases
KW  - NCS
KW  - Bioindicators
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Data processing
KW  - Environmental health
KW  - Data collections
KW  - Children
KW  - USA, New York
KW  - Queens
KW  - Databases
KW  - Reviews
KW  - biomonitoring
KW  - Sampling
KW  - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health
KW  - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH
KW  - X 24300:Methods
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Using+National+and+Local+Extant+Data+to+Characterize+Environmental+Exposures+in+the+National+Childrenas+Study%3A+Queens+County%2C+New+York&rft.au=Lioy%2C+Paul+J%3BIsukapalli%2C+Sastry+S%3BTrasande%2C+Leonardo%3BThorpe%2C+Lorna%3BDellarco%2C+Michael%3BWeisel%2C+Clifford%3BGeorgopoulos%2C+Panos+G%3BYung%2C+Christopher%3BBrown%2C+Margot%3BLandrigan%2C+Philip+J&rft.aulast=Lioy&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2009-10-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1494&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/10.1289%2Fehp.0900623
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-04-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-05-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Databases; Queens; Data processing; biomonitoring; Data collections; Sampling; Children; Bioindicators; Data collection; Reviews; Environmental health; USA, New York
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0900623
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Model Development and Validation of Personal Exposure to Volatile Organic Compound Concentrations
AN  - 21436569; 11866561
AB  - Background Direct measurement of exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) via personal monitoring is the most accurate exposure assessment method available. However, its wide-scale application to evaluating exposures at the population level is prohibitive in terms of both cost and time. Consequently, indirect measurements via a combination of microenvironment concentrations and personal activity diaries represent a potentially useful alternative. Objective The aim of this study was to optimize a model of personal exposures (PEs) based on microenvironment concentrations and time/activity diaries and to compare modeled with measured exposures in an independent data set. Materials VOC PEs and a range of microenvironment concentrations were collected with active samplers and sorbent tubes. Data were supplemented with information collected through questionnaires. Seven models were tested to predict PE to VOCs in 75% (n = 370) of the measured PE data set, whereas the other 25% (n = 120) was used for validation purposes. Results The best model able to predict PE with independence of measurements was based upon stratified microenvironment concentrations, lifestyle factors, and individual-level activities. The proposed model accounts for 40a85% of the variance for individual VOCs and was validated for almost all VOCs, showing normalized mean bias and mean fractional bias below 25% and predicting 60% of the values within a factor of 2. Conclusions The models proposed identify the most important non-weather-related variables for VOC exposures; highlight the effect of personal activities, use of solvents, and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke on PE levels; and may assist in the development of specific models for other locations.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Delgado-Saborit, Juana Mari
AU  - Aquilina, Noel J
AU  - Meddings, Claire
AU  - Baker, Stephen
AU  - Harrison, Roy M
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Oct 2009
SP  - 1571
EP  - 1579
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 10
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts
KW  - benzene
KW  - 1,3-butadiene
KW  - microenvironment
KW  - model
KW  - personal exposure
KW  - time-weighted model
KW  - validation
KW  - volatile organic compounds
KW  - population levels
KW  - Model Testing
KW  - Models
KW  - Sorbents
KW  - Assessments
KW  - Exposure
KW  - Tobacco
KW  - Population levels
KW  - Inventories
KW  - Data processing
KW  - Solvents
KW  - Samplers
KW  - Microenvironment
KW  - Model Studies
KW  - Smoke
KW  - Passive smoking
KW  - microenvironments
KW  - Microenvironments
KW  - Organic Compounds
KW  - Monitoring
KW  - Volatile organic compounds
KW  - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies
KW  - X 24380:Social Poisons & Drug Abuse
KW  - SW 3030:Effects of pollution
KW  - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health
KW  - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-04-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-05-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Smoke; Inventories; Data processing; Solvents; Tobacco; volatile organic compounds; Microenvironments; Population levels; Samplers; Models; Sorbents; Passive smoking; population levels; microenvironments; Volatile organic compounds; Assessments; Exposure; Model Testing; Organic Compounds; Monitoring; Microenvironment; Model Studies
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0900561
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Prediagnostic Serum Concentrations of Organochlorine Compounds and Risk of Testicular Germ Cell Tumors
AN  - 21436535; 11866552
AB  - Background Recent findings suggest that exposure to organochlorine (OC) compounds, chlordanes and p,pa2-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,pa2-DDE) in particular, may increase the risk of developing testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs). Objective To further investigate this question, we conducted a nested caseacontrol study of TGCTs within the Norwegian Janus Serum Bank cohort. Methods The study was conducted among individuals with serum collected between 1972 and 1978. TGCT cases diagnosed through 1999 (n = 49; 27a62 years of age at diagnosis) were identified through linkage to the Norwegian Cancer Registry. Controls (n =51) were matched to cases on region, blood draw year, and age at blood draw. Measurements of 11 OC insecticide compounds and 34 polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners were performed using gas chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry. Caseacontrol comparisons of lipid-adjusted analyte concentrations were performed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for tertiles of analyte concentration were calculated using conditional logistic regression. Results TGCT cases had elevated concentrations of p,pa2-DDE (tertile 3 vs. tertile 1 OR (OR sub(T3)) 2.2; 95% CI, 0.7a6.5; p sub(Wilcoxon) = 0.07), oxychlordane (OR sub(T3) 3.2; 95% CI, 0.6a16.8; p sub(Wilcoxon) = 0.05), trans-nonachlor (OR sub(T3) 2.6; 95% CI, 0.7a8.9; p sub(Wilcoxon) = 0.07), and total chlordanes (OR sub(T3) 2.0; 95% CI, 0.6a7.2; p sub(Wilcoxon) = 0.048) compared with controls, although no ORs were statistically significant. Seminoma cases had significantly lower concentrations of PCB congeners 44, 49, and 52 and significantly higher concentrations of PCBs 99, 138, 153, 167, 183, and 195. Conclusions Our study provides additional but qualified evidence supporting an association between exposures to p,pa2-DDE and chlordane compounds, and possibly some PCB congeners, and TGCT risk.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Purdue, Mark P
AU  - Engel, Lawrence S
AU  - Langseth, Hilde
AU  - Needham, Larry L
AU  - Andersen, Aage
AU  - Barr, Dana B
AU  - Blair, Aaron
AU  - Rothman, Nathaniel
AU  - McGlynn, Katherine A
AD  - Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Oct 2009
SP  - 1514
EP  - 1519
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 10
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - chlordanes
KW  - organochlorine compounds
KW  - polychlorinated biphenyls
KW  - p,pa2-dichloro-diphenyldichloroethylene
KW  - testicular germ cell tumors
KW  - Age
KW  - Insecticides
KW  - Organochlorine compounds
KW  - Janus
KW  - Gas chromatography
KW  - Chlordane
KW  - Mass spectrometry
KW  - tumors
KW  - Norway
KW  - PCB compounds
KW  - Cancer
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-04-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Age; Organochlorine compounds; Insecticides; Gas chromatography; Chlordane; Mass spectrometry; tumors; PCB compounds; Cancer; Janus; Norway
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0800359
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Alterations of human electroencephalographic activity caused by multiple extremely low frequency magnetic field exposures
AN  - 21300818; 11890928
AB  - In the past, many studies have claimed that extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic field (MF) exposures could alter the human electroencephalographic (EEG) activity. This study aims at extending our ELF pilot study to investigate whether MF exposures at ELF in series from 50, 16.66, 13, 10, 8.33 to 4Hz could alter relative power within the corresponding EEG bands. 33 human subjects were tested under a double-blind and counter-balanced conditions. The multiple repeated three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) mixed design (within and between-subject) analysis was employed followed by post-hoc t-tests and Bonferroni alpha-correction. The results from this study have shown that narrow alpha1 (7.5-9.5Hz) and alpha2 (9-11Hz) bands, associated with 8.33 and 10 Hz MF exposures, were significantly (p<0.0005) lower than control over the temporal and parietal regions within the 10-16min of first MF exposure session and the MF exposures were significantly higher than control of the second session MF exposure (60-65min from the commencement of testing). Also, it was found that the beta1 (12-14Hz) band exhibited a significant increase from before to after 13-Hz first MF exposure session at frontal region. The final outcome of our result has shown that it is possible to alter the human EEG activity of alpha and beta bands when exposed to MF at frequencies corresponding to those same bands, depending on the order and period of MF conditions. This type of EEG synchronisation of driving alpha and beta EEG by alpha and beta sinusoidal MF stimulation, demonstrated in this study, could possibly be applied as therapeutic treatment(s) of particular neurophysiological abnormalities such as sleep and psychiatric disorders.
JF  - Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing
AU  - Cvetkovic, Dean
AU  - Cosic, Irena
AD  - Science, Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, RMIT University, 376-392 Swanston Street, GPO Box 2476V, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia, dean.cvetkovic@rmit.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Oct 2009
SP  - 1063
EP  - 1073
PB  - Institution of Electrical Engineers, Savoy Pl. London WC2R 0BL UK
VL  - 47
IS  - 10
SN  - 0140-0118, 0140-0118
KW  - CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts
KW  - Magnetic fields
KW  - Mental disorders
KW  - Low frequency
KW  - Sleep
KW  - EEG
KW  - N3 11002:Computational & theoretical neuroscience
KW  - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-02-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - EEG; Low frequency; Magnetic fields; Sleep; Mental disorders
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11517-009-0525-1
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - EEG inter/intra-hemispheric coherence and asymmetric responses to visual stimulations
AN  - 21279456; 11890924
AB  - This study has attempted to increase the meaning and significance of findings in the experimental areas of electroencephalographic (EEG) visual or photic driving. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the visual stimulation at particular extremely low frequency order could possibly induce changes in the corresponding EEG frequency bands by examining the functional connectedness between brain regions. This was evaluated by applying the improved experimental protocol and objective using non-parametric spectral estimation coherence algorithm. The findings from our study revealed a significantly higher coherence in the EEG beta2 band (16.6Hz) corresponding to 16.66Hz visual stimulation, suggesting a high inter-hemispheric functional connectivity during visual stimulus. A significant increase was revealed during 50Hz visual stimulation at gamma band and a decrease during 4Hz visual stimulation at theta band, linked with a substantial transitional shift in predominance from anterior to posterior relative power. This study may also increase the awareness of EEG visual driving response studies in clinical practice to uncover potential neurophysiologic abnormalities.
JF  - Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing
AU  - Cvetkovic, Dean
AU  - Cosic, Irena
AD  - School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, RMIT University, 376-392 Swanston Street, GPO Box 2476V, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia, dean.cvetkovic@rmit.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Oct 2009
SP  - 1023
EP  - 1034
PB  - Institution of Electrical Engineers, Savoy Pl. London WC2R 0BL UK
VL  - 47
IS  - 10
SN  - 0140-0118, 0140-0118
KW  - CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts
KW  - Neural networks
KW  - Brain
KW  - Algorithms
KW  - Visual stimuli
KW  - Low frequency
KW  - Visual perception
KW  - EEG
KW  - N3 11002:Computational & theoretical neuroscience
KW  - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Medical+%26+Biological+Engineering+%26+Computing&rft.atitle=EEG+inter%2Fintra-hemispheric+coherence+and+asymmetric+responses+to+visual+stimulations&rft.au=Cvetkovic%2C+Dean%3BCosic%2C+Irena&rft.aulast=Cvetkovic&rft.aufirst=Dean&rft.date=2009-10-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1023&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Medical+%26+Biological+Engineering+%26+Computing&rft.issn=01400118&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11517-009-0499-z
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-02-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - EEG; Visual stimuli; Visual perception; Algorithms; Low frequency; Brain; Neural networks
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11517-009-0499-z
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Using MODIS Images and TRMM Data to Correlate Rainfall Peaks and Water Discharges from the Lebanese Coastal Rivers
AN  - 21094096; 11190311
AB  - Water flows from rivers into the sea (plumes) is a common phenomenon in many coastal zones. The hydrologic behavior of plumes differs from one river to another depending on rainfall rate and intensity, as well as it is influenced by the hydrologic characteristics of river basin. In order to investigate the precipitation regime in a drainage basin versus the flow into the sea, sequential data must be available. Remotely sensed data can fulfill this scope, thus it can provide climatic and hydrologic data. The scope of this study is to monitor the behavior of water input in the catchments versus the output from rivers in the Lebanese coastal zone using remote sensing data. For this purpose, TRMM (Tropical Rainfall Mapping Mission) data and MODIS satellite images were used. Hence, rainfall data from TRMM was compared with the areal extent of water plumes from rivers. This enables establishing interpolation between water input/output for each river basin. In addition, the lag time and residence time of plumes into the sea can be measured and compared between the issuing rivers. The extracted data from remote sensing was compared with terrain measures and shows its reliability and accordance. The used approach proved to be creditable, non-invasive and cost effective and can be applied to other costal river basins.
JF  - Journal of Water Resource and Protection
AU  - Shaban, A
AU  - Robinson, C
AU  - El-Baz, F
AD  - CRS, National Council for Scientific Research, P. O. Box 11-8281, Beirut, Lebanon, geoamin@gmail.com
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Oct 2009
SP  - 227
EP  - 236
VL  - 1
IS  - 4
SN  - 1945-3094, 1945-3094
KW  - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts
KW  - Remote Sensing
KW  - Catchment area
KW  - River Basins
KW  - Rainfall data
KW  - Residence time
KW  - Rainfall
KW  - Remote sensing
KW  - Water resources
KW  - Hydrologic data
KW  - Freshwater
KW  - Catchment basins
KW  - MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer)
KW  - Precipitation regime
KW  - Plumes
KW  - Hydrologic Data
KW  - Rivers
KW  - Satellite Technology
KW  - Drainage
KW  - Catchment Areas
KW  - Climate
KW  - River discharge
KW  - River basins
KW  - Interpolation
KW  - Stream flow
KW  - Satellite data
KW  - Coastal zone
KW  - Behavior
KW  - Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM)
KW  - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics
KW  - SW 5040:Data acquisition
KW  - M2 556.18:Water Management (556.18)
KW  - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-05
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Catchment area; Coastal zone; Residence time; Climate; Remote sensing; River discharge; Water resources; River basins; Stream flow; Rivers; Satellite data; Catchment basins; Rainfall data; Drainage; Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM); Hydrologic data; MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer); Precipitation regime; Interpolation; Remote Sensing; Satellite Technology; River Basins; Behavior; Rainfall; Catchment Areas; Hydrologic Data; Plumes; Freshwater
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jwarp.2009.14028
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Strain competition and agar affect the interaction of rhizobia with rice
AN  - 21079157; 11221881
AB  - Competition assays with Sinorhizobium meliloti 1021 and its GFP-labelled pSymA cured and deleted derivatives, SmA818 and SmA146, demonstrated that Sm1021 could still inhibit rice seedling growth even when outnumbered by a large excess of the noninhibitory cured or deleted strain. The wild-type strain Sm1021 also inhibited the growth of its noninhibitory pSymA-cured strain SmA818(gfp) and its pSymA-deleted strain SmA146(gfp) in a manner suggesting that Sm1021 produced a bacteriocin-like substance. The production of, and resistance to, this substance seemed to be pSymA-associated, but it was not the cause of killing in competition experiments on rice, suggesting that the killing of SmA818(gfp) and SmA146(gfp) was medium dependent. The addition of agar in liquid F10 medium at concentrations ,0.4% (m/v) abolished the rice growth inhibition of strain Sm1021 and Sm1021(gfp). The increased medium viscosity at higher agar concentrations decreased the diffusion of gases and small molecules through the media. Thus, the low agar concentrations may mimic waterlogged soil conditions leading to the production of inhibitory compounds by the bacterial strains under microaerobic conditions.Original Abstract: Des tests de competition realises avec Sinorhizobium meliloti 1021 et ses derives SmA818 et SmA146 marques a la GFP, respectivement cure du plasmide pSymA et dont le plasmide a ete supprime, ont demontre que Sm1021 peut encore inhiber la croissance de plantules de riz meme s'il est surpasse en nombre par un grand exces de cellules non inhibitrices des souches curees ou deficientes. La souche sauvage Sm1021 inhibe aussi la croissance de la souche non inhibitrice, curee du plasmide pSymA SmA818(gfp) et de la souche deficiente en pSymA SmA146(gfp) d'une maniere suggerant que Sm1021 produit une substance de type bacteriocine. La production et la resistance a cette substance semble est abalit associees a pSymA, mais ce dernier n'est pas responsable de la mort lors d'experiences de competition sur le riz, ce qui suggere que la mort de SmA818(gfp) et de SmA146(gfp) etait dependante du milieu. L'ajout d'agar dans le milieu F10 a des concentrations inferieures ou egales a 0.4 % (p/v) abolissait l'inhibition de la croissance du riz par les souches Sm1021 et Sm1021(gfp). L'augmentation de la viscosite du milieu a de plus fortes concentrations d'agar peut avoir diminue la diffusion des gaz et des petites molecules a travers le milieu. Ainsi, de faibles concentrations d'agar peuvent mimer des conditions de sol detrempe, permettant la production de composes inhibiteurs par les souches bacteriennes en conditions micro-aerobies.
JF  - Canadian Journal of Microbiology/Revue Canadienne de Microbiologie
AU  - Perrine-Walker, Francine M
AU  - Hynes, Michael F
AU  - Rolfe, Barry G
AU  - Hocart, Charles H
AD  - ARC Centre of Excellence for Integrative Legume Research, Genomics Interaction Group, Research School of Biological Sciences, GPO Box 475, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia., Charles.Hocart@anu.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Oct 2009
SP  - 1217
EP  - 1223
PB  - NRC Research Press
VL  - 55
IS  - 10
SN  - 0008-4166, 0008-4166
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Ecology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources
KW  - Sinorhizobium
KW  - infection
KW  - strain competition
KW  - rice growth inhibition
KW  - non-legumes
KW  - plasmid association
KW  - competition entre les souches
KW  - inhibition de la croissance du riz
KW  - non legumineuses
KW  - association de plasmides
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - Agar
KW  - Aquatic plants
KW  - Oryza sativa
KW  - Sinorhizobium meliloti
KW  - Metabolites
KW  - Strains
KW  - Soil
KW  - Growth
KW  - Gases
KW  - Viscosity
KW  - Microbiology
KW  - Diffusion
KW  - Seedlings
KW  - Competition
KW  - Q1 08483:Species interactions: general
KW  - A 01340:Antibiotics & Antimicrobials
KW  - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies
KW  - J 02320:Cell Biology
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-12-24
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agar; Growth; Microbiology; Aquatic plants; Metabolites; Strains; Soil; Viscosity; Gases; Seedlings; Diffusion; Competition; Bacteria; Sinorhizobium meliloti; Oryza sativa
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/W09-077
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Human G93A-Superoxide Dismutase-1 Mutation, Mitochondrial Glutathione and Apoptotic Cell Death
AN  - 20937956; 10990177
AB  - Mutations in Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase are a cause of motor neuron death in about 20% of cases of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Although the molecular mechanism of which these mutations induce motor neuron cell death is to a large extent unknown, there is significant evidence that effects on mitochondrial function and development of oxidative stress make a major contribution to the selective death of motor neurons in this disease. In this overview article we review the current understanding of mutant SOD1-mediated motor neuron degeneration in ALS with focus on oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction. We also present novel information on the role of mitochondrial glutathione for the survival of NSC-34 cells stably transfected with the human SOD1 super(G93A) mutation, putting forward the hypothesis that this antioxidant pool provides a potentially useful target for therapeutic intervention.
JF  - Neurochemical Research
AU  - Muyderman, H
AU  - Hutson, P G
AU  - Matusica, D
AU  - Rogers, M-L
AU  - Rush, R A
AD  - Centre for Neuroscience and Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia, hakan.muyderman@flinders.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Oct 2009
SP  - 1847
EP  - 1856
PB  - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany
VL  - 34
IS  - 10
SN  - 0364-3190, 0364-3190
KW  - Genetics Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts
KW  - Cell survival
KW  - Molecular modelling
KW  - Antioxidants
KW  - Apoptosis
KW  - Glutathione
KW  - Mitochondria
KW  - Therapeutic applications
KW  - Motor neurons
KW  - Cell death
KW  - Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
KW  - Oxidative stress
KW  - Superoxide dismutase
KW  - Reviews
KW  - Zinc
KW  - Degeneration
KW  - Mutation
KW  - N3 11008:Neurochemistry
KW  - X 24360:Metals
KW  - G 07730:Development & Cell Cycle
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-10-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-10-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cell survival; Molecular modelling; Apoptosis; Antioxidants; Glutathione; Therapeutic applications; Mitochondria; Motor neurons; Cell death; Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; Superoxide dismutase; Oxidative stress; Reviews; Zinc; Degeneration; Mutation
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11064-009-9974-z
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Trends in middle- and upper-level tropospheric humidity from NCEP reanalysis data
AN  - 20931963; 10991198
AB  - The National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) reanalysis data on tropospheric humidity are examined for the period 1973 to 2007. It is accepted that radiosonde-derived humidity data must be treated with great caution, particularly at altitudes above the 500hPa pressure level. With that caveat, the face-value 35-year trend in zonal-average annual-average specific humidity q is significantly negative at all altitudes above 850hPa (roughly the top of the convective boundary layer) in the tropics and southern midlatitudes and at altitudes above 600hPa in the northern midlatitudes. It is significantly positive below 850hPa in all three zones, as might be expected in a mixed layer with rising temperatures over a moist surface. The results are qualitatively consistent with trends in NCEP atmospheric temperatures (which must also be treated with great caution) that show an increase in the stability of the convective boundary layer as the global temperature has risen over the period. The upper-level negative trends in q are inconsistent with climate-model calculations and are largely (but not completely) inconsistent with satellite data. Water vapor feedback in climate models is positive mainly because of their roughly constant relative humidity (i.e., increasing q) in the mid-to-upper troposphere as the planet warms. Negative trends in q as found in the NCEP data would imply that long-term water vapor feedback is negative-that it would reduce rather than amplify the response of the climate system to external forcing such as that from increasing atmospheric CO sub(2). In this context, it is important to establish what (if any) aspects of the observed trends survive detailed examination of the impact of past changes of radiosonde instrumentation and protocol within the various international networks.
JF  - Theoretical and Applied Climatology
AU  - Paltridge, Garth
AU  - Arking, Albert
AU  - Pook, Michael
AD  - Environmental Biology Group, RSBS, Australian National University, GPO Box 475, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia, paltridge@iinet.net.au
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Oct 2009
SP  - 351
EP  - 359
PB  - Springer-Verlag, Sachsenplatz 4-6 Vienna A-1201 Austria
VL  - 98
IS  - 3-4
SN  - 0177-798X, 0177-798X
KW  - Oceanic Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts
KW  - Prediction
KW  - Specific humidity
KW  - Relative humidity
KW  - Water Vapor
KW  - Global temperatures
KW  - Boundary Layers
KW  - Data reanalysis
KW  - Relative Humidity
KW  - Altitude
KW  - Applied climatology
KW  - Climatology
KW  - Tropospheric humidity
KW  - Climate models
KW  - Water vapor in the atmosphere
KW  - Mixed layer
KW  - Climates
KW  - Temperature
KW  - Convective boundary layer
KW  - Humidity
KW  - Troposphere
KW  - Satellite data
KW  - Boundary layers
KW  - Atmospheric forcing
KW  - Temperature trends
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Q2 09387:Navigation
KW  - SW 5010:Network design
KW  - M2 551.581:Latitudinal Influences (551.581)
KW  - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes
KW  - O 2050:Chemical Oceanography
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-10-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-12-11
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Relative humidity; Specific humidity; Mixed layer; Boundary layers; Atmospheric forcing; Troposphere; Humidity; Climatology; Carbon dioxide; Satellite data; Applied climatology; Climate models; Global temperatures; Water vapor in the atmosphere; Convective boundary layer; Temperature trends; Tropospheric humidity; Data reanalysis; Prediction; Water Vapor; Altitude; Climates; Boundary Layers; Temperature; Relative Humidity
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00704-009-0117-x
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Increase in particle number emissions from motor vehicles due to interruption of steady traffic flow
AN  - 20792176; 10853133
AB  - We assess the increase in particle number emissions from motor vehicles driving at steady speed when forced to stop and accelerate from rest. Considering the example of a signalized pedestrian crossing on a two-way single-lane urban road, we use a complex line source method to calculate the total emissions produced by a specific number and mix of light petrol cars and diesel passenger buses and show that the total emissions during a red light is significantly higher than during the time when the light remains green. Replacing two cars with one bus increased the emissions by over an order of magnitude.
JF  - Transportation Research, Part D: Transport and Environment
AU  - Jayaratne, E R
AU  - Wang, L
AU  - Heuff, D
AU  - Morawska, L
AU  - Ferreira, L
AD  - Queensland University of Technology, G.P.O. Box 2434, Brisbane QLD 4001, Australia, l.morawska@qut.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Oct 2009
SP  - 521
EP  - 526
PB  - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl]
VL  - 14
IS  - 7
SN  - 1361-9209, 1361-9209
KW  - Environment Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts
KW  - buses
KW  - Transportation
KW  - driving ability
KW  - Motor vehicles
KW  - Emissions
KW  - pedestrians
KW  - Particulates
KW  - Flow rates
KW  - ENA 11:Non-Renewable Resources
KW  - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-09-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-10-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - buses; Transportation; driving ability; Motor vehicles; pedestrians; Emissions; Particulates; Flow rates
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2009.07.007
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Remote sensing of small and linear features: Quantifying the effects of patch size and length, grid position and detectability on land cover mapping
AN  - 20760875; 10272713
AB  - The accurate mapping of small, often fragmented and linear vegetation patches is of key importance for natural resource management because of their ecological significance. However, due to their small size and the quantised nature of remote sensing imagery they may be under-represented in the landscape when mapped using earth observation. This paper investigates the effect of patch area and patch elongation on the accurate mapping of these vegetation patches. Using synthetic images to simulate sub-pixel patch location, we investigated classification accuracy and extraction probability resulting from differences in the geometric properties of the raster grid and the feature alone. We simulated the effect of grid position, detectability, feature size and shape on classification. This represents the highest achievable accuracy using the remote sensing raster grid, where other factors influencing classification such as classification algorithm, radiometric calibration and sensor characteristics are excluded. We found that mapping error was highest when the scale of the feature and the raster grid coincided. We showed that the spatial resolution of the grid should be many times finer in order to extract these features accurately. For square patches with a mean classification accuracy of 75%, the grid pixel area was 11 times smaller than patch size. When patches were small and/or elongated, the probability of extraction was reduced, mapping accuracies decreased and variability in accuracy due to the effects of grid position increased. For example, a square shaped patch needed an area of at least 11 pixels to achieve a mean accuracy of 75%, whilst a linear patch with a width to length ratio of 4 needed an area of 12.3 pixels. This paper quantifies the limitations of remote sensing for the accurate detection of small and linear features and provides guidelines on the appropriate spatial resolution required to map these features. Using our results, map users can estimate the probability of a map classifying small and linear features independently of the error matrix. Furthermore, we provide a more precise estimate of the size of the smallest discernable feature taking into account the random position of the remote sensing grid with respect to the feature as well as its shape. An understanding of this phenomenon is critical for making good land management decisions based on a thorough understanding of the limitations of remote sensing data.
JF  - Remote Sensing of Environment
AU  - Lechner, A M
AU  - Stein, A
AU  - Jones, S D
AU  - Ferwerda, J G
AD  - School of Mathematical and Geospatial Sciences, GPO Box 2476V Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia, alex.lechner@rmit.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Oct 2009
SP  - 2194
EP  - 2204
PB  - Elsevier Science, Box 882 New York NY 10159 USA, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com]
VL  - 113
IS  - 10
SN  - 0034-4257, 0034-4257
KW  - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts
KW  - Resource management
KW  - Data processing
KW  - Land management
KW  - Sensors
KW  - Landscape
KW  - Remote sensing
KW  - Vegetation
KW  - spatial discrimination
KW  - natural resources management
KW  - Elongation
KW  - Classification
KW  - guidelines
KW  - classification
KW  - Mapping
KW  - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development
KW  - D 04030:Models, Methods, Remote Sensing
KW  - ENA 07:General
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Elongation; Resource management; Data processing; Classification; Remote sensing; Vegetation; spatial discrimination; Mapping; Sensors; Land management; guidelines; Landscape; classification; natural resources management
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2009.06.002
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Association of Traffic-Related Air Pollution with Childrenas Neurobehavioral Functions in Quanzhou, China
AN  - 1677992709; 11866567
AB  - Background With the increase of motor vehicles, ambient air pollution related to traffic exhaust has become an important environmental issue in China. Because of their fast growth and development, children are more susceptible to ambient air pollution exposure. Many chemicals from traffic exhaust, such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, and lead, have been reported to show adverse effects on neurobehavioral functions. Several studies in China have suggested that traffic exhaust might affect neurobehavioral functions of adults who have occupational traffic exhaust exposure. However, few data have been reported on the effects on neurobehavioral function in children. Objectives The objective of this study was to explore the association between traffic-related air pollution exposure and its effects on neurobehavioral function in children. Methods This field study was conducted in Quanzhou, China, where two primary schools were chosen based on traffic density and monitoring data of ambient air pollutants. School A was located in a clear area and school B in a polluted area. We monitored NO sub(2) and particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter aO 10 I14m as indicators for traffic-related air pollution on the campuses and in classrooms for 2 consecutive days in May 2005. The children from second grade (8a9 years of age) and third grade (9a10 years of age) of the two schools (n = 928) participated in a questionnaire survey and manual-assisted neurobehavioral testing. We selected 282 third-grade children (school A, 136; school B, 146) to participate in computer-assisted neurobehavioral testing. We conducted the fieldwork between May and June 2005. We used data from 861 participants (school A, 431; school B, 430) with manual neurobehavioral testing and from all participants with computerized testing for data analyses. Results Media concentrations of NO sub(2) in school A and school B campus were 7 I14g/m super(3) and 36 I14g/m super(3), respectively (p & 0.05). The ordinal logistic regression analyses showed that, after controlling the potential confounding factors, participants living in the polluted area showed poor performance on all testing; differences in results for six of nine tests (66.7%) achieved statistical significance: Visual Simple Reaction Time with preferred hand and with nonpreferred hand, Continuous Performance, Digit Symbol, Pursuit Aiming, and Sign Register. Conclusion We found a significant relationship between chronic low-level traffic-related air pollution exposure and neurobehavioral function in exposed children. More studies are needed to explore the effects of traffic exhaust on neurobehavioral function and development.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Wang, Shunqin
AU  - Zhang, Jinliang
AU  - Zeng, Xiaodong
AU  - Zeng, Yimin
AU  - Wang, Shengchun
AU  - Chen, Shuyun
AD  - Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Science, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, Peopleas Republic of China
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - October 2009
SP  - 1612
EP  - 1618
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 10
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE)
KW  - air pollution
KW  - children
KW  - health effects
KW  - neurobehavioral functions
KW  - traffic-related air pollution
KW  - Nitrogen dioxide
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Mathematical models
KW  - Traffic flow
KW  - Traffic engineering
KW  - Children
KW  - Exhaust
KW  - Mathematical analysis
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-06-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-05-18
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0800023
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Exposure to Hydroxylated Polychlorinated Biphenyls (OH-PCBs) in the Prenatal Period and Subsequent Neurodevelopment in Eastern Slovakia
AN  - 1677990552; 11866565
AB  - Background Hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls (OH-PCBs), unlike PCBs, are in general readily excreted yet are still detected in humans and animals. Active transport of OH-PCBs across the placenta and hydroxylation of PCBs by the fetus suggest the potential for greater impact on the fetus compared with the parent PCB compounds, but little is known about their health effects, particularly in humans. Objectives The objective of this study was to evaluate the associations between prenatal OH-PCB exposure and neurodevelopment in children at 16 months of age in eastern Slovakia. Methods A birth cohort (n = 1,134) was enrolled during 2002-2004. We analyzed six OH-PCB metabolites (4-OH-CB-107, 3-OH-CB-153, 4-OH-CB-146, 3-2-OH-CB-138, 4-OH-CB-187, and 4-2-OH-CB-172) in a subset of the cohort. The Bayley Scales of Infant Development were administered to the children at the 16-month follow-up visit. We developed multiple linear regression models predicting standardized scores for the Mental Development Index (MDI) and Psychomotor Development Index (PDI) from maternal (n = 147) and cord (n = 80) serum OH-PCB concentrations, adjusting for sex of child, district, HOME (Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment) score, and maternal score on Ravenas Progressive Matrices. Results Cord 4-OH-CB-107 was significantly associated with lower MDI (I2 = -2.27; p = 0.01) and PDI (I2 = -4.50; p = 0.004). Also, maternal 4-OH-CB-107 was significantly associated with lower MDI (I2 = -1.76; p = 0.03) but not PDI. No other OH-PCB metabolites were associated with decreased PDI or MDI. Conclusions Our findings showed a significant association of 4-OH-CB-107 with decreased MDI, which can possibly be mediated by endocrine disruption, altered neurotransmitter functions, or reduced thyroid hormone concentrations in brain.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Park, Hye-Youn
AU  - Park, June-Soo
AU  - Sovcikova, Eva
AU  - Kocan, Anton
AU  - Linderholm, Linda
AU  - Bergman, Ake
AU  - Trnovec, Tomas
AU  - Hertz-Picciotto, Irva
AD  - Division of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of CaliforniaaDavis, Davis, California, USA
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - October 2009
SP  - 1600
EP  - 1606
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 10
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE)
KW  - Bayley Scales of Infant Development
KW  - hydroxylated PCBs
KW  - Slovakia
KW  - Polychlorinated biphenyls
KW  - Mathematical models
KW  - Rope
KW  - Human
KW  - Metabolites
KW  - Health
KW  - MDI
KW  - Children
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-06-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-05-18
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0900611
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Mass Lead Intoxication from Informal Used Lead-Acid Battery Recycling in Dakar, Senegal
AN  - 1677990095; 11866556
AB  - Background and objectives Between November 2007 and March 2008, 18 children died from a rapidly progressive central nervous system disease of unexplained origin in a community involved in the recycling of used lead-acid batteries (ULAB) in the suburbs of Dakar, Senegal. We investigated the cause of these deaths. Methods Because autopsies were not possible, the investigation centered on clinical and laboratory assessments performed on 32 siblings of deceased children and 23 mothers and on 18 children and 8 adults living in the same area, complemented by environmental health investigations. Results All 81 individuals investigated were poisoned with lead, some of them severely. The blood lead level of the 50 children tested ranged from 39.8 to 613.9 I14g/dL with a mean of 129.5 I14g/dL. Seventeen children showed severe neurologic features of toxicity. Homes and soil in surrounding areas were heavily contaminated with lead (indoors, up to 14,000 mg/kg; outdoors, up to 302,000 mg/kg) as a result of informal ULAB recycling. Conclusions Our investigations revealed a mass lead intoxication that occurred through inhalation and ingestion of soil and dust heavily contaminated with lead as a result of informal and unsafe ULAB recycling. Circumstantial evidence suggested that most or all of the 18 deaths were due to encephalopathy resulting from severe lead intoxication. Findings also suggest that most habitants of the contaminated area, estimated at 950, are also likely to be poisoned. This highlights the severe health risks posed by informal ULAB recycling, in particular in developing countries, and emphasizes the need to strengthen national and international efforts to address this global public health problem.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Haefliger, Pascal
AU  - Mathieu-Nolf, Monique
AU  - Lociciro, Stephanie
AU  - Ndiaye, Cheikh
AU  - Coly, Malang
AU  - Diouf, Amadou
AU  - Faye, Absa Lam
AU  - Sow, Aminata
AU  - Tempowski, Joanna
AU  - Pronczuk, Jenny
AU  - Junior, Antonio Pedro Filipe
AU  - Bertollini, Roberto
AU  - Neira, Maria
AD  - Department of Public Health and Environment, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - October 2009
SP  - 1535
EP  - 1540
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 10
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE)
KW  - battery
KW  - children
KW  - intoxication
KW  - lead
KW  - poisoning
KW  - recycling
KW  - ULAB
KW  - Intoxication
KW  - Soil (material)
KW  - Contamination
KW  - Electric batteries
KW  - Battery
KW  - Health
KW  - Recycling
KW  - Children
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-06-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-05-18
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0900696
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evidence for Dose-Additive Effects of Pyrethroids on Motor Activity in Rats
AN  - 1677990072; 11866560
AB  - Background Pyrethroids are neurotoxic insecticides used in a variety of indoor and outdoor applications. Previous research characterized the acute doseaeffect functions for 11 pyrethroids administered orally in corn oil (1 mL/kg) based on assessment of motor activity. Objectives We used a mixture of these 11 pyrethroids and the same testing paradigm used in single-compound assays to test the hypothesis that cumulative neurotoxic effects of pyrethroid mixtures can be predicted using the default dose addition theory. Methods Mixing ratios of the 11 pyrethroids in the tested mixture were based on the ED30 (effective dose that produces a 30% decrease in response) of the individual chemical (i.e., the mixture comprised equipotent amounts of each pyrethroid). The highest concentration of each individual chemical in the mixture was less than the threshold for inducing behavioral effects. Adult male rats received acute oral exposure to corn oil (control) or dilutions of the stock mixture solution. The mixture of 11 pyrethroids was administered either simultaneously (2 hr before testing) or after a sequence based on times of peak effect for the individual chemicals (4, 2, and 1 hr before testing). A threshold additivity model was fit to the single-chemical data to predict the theoretical doseaeffect relationship for the mixture under the assumption of dose additivity. Results When subthreshold doses of individual chemicals were combined in the mixtures, we found significant dose-related decreases in motor activity. Further, we found no departure from the predicted dose-additive curve regardless of the mixture dosing protocol used. Conclusion In this article we present the first in vivo evidence on pyrethroid cumulative effects supporting the default assumption of dose addition.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Wolansky, Marcelo J
AU  - Gennings, Chris
AU  - DeVito, Michael J
AU  - Crofton, Kevin M
AD  - Departamento de QuASHmica BiolA3gica (Area ToxicologASHa), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - October 2009
SP  - 1563
EP  - 1570
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 10
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE)
KW  - additivity
KW  - cumulative
KW  - mixtures
KW  - neurotoxicity
KW  - pyrethroids
KW  - Rats
KW  - Mathematical models
KW  - Insecticides
KW  - Assessments
KW  - Corn oil
KW  - Adults
KW  - Thresholds
KW  - Motors
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-06-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-05-18
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0900667
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Do Human Milk Concentrations of Persistent Organic Chemicals Really Decline During Lactation? Chemical Concentrations During Lactation and Milk/Serum Partitioning
AN  - 1677986044; 11866569
AB  - Background Conventional wisdom regarding exposures to persistent organic chemicals via breast-feeding assumes that concentrations decline over the course of lactation and that the motheras body burden reflects her cumulative lifetime exposure. Two important implications stemming from these lines of thought are, first, that assessments of early childhood exposures should incorporate decreasing breast milk concentrations over lactation; and, second, that there is little a breast-feeding mother can do to reduce her infantas exposures via breast-feeding because of the cumulative nature of these chemicals. Objectives We examined rates of elimination and milk/serum partition coefficients for several groups of persistent organic chemicals. Methods We collected simultaneous milk and blood samples of 10 women at two times postpartum and additional milk samples without matching blood samples. Results Contrary to earlier research, we found that lipid-adjusted concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers, polychlorinated biphenyls, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans, and organochlorine pesticides in serum and milk do not consistently decrease during lactation and can increase for some women. Published research has also suggested an approximate 1:1 milk/serum relationship (lipid adjusted) on a population basis for 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin; however, our results suggest a more complex relationship for persistent, lipophilic chemicals with the milk/serum relationship dependent on chemical class. Conclusions Decreases in concentration of lipophilic chemicals on a lipid-adjusted basis during lactation should no longer be assumed. Thus, the concept of pumping and discarding early milk as means of reducing infant exposure is not supported. The hypothesis that persistent lipophilic chemicals, on a lipid-adjusted basis, have consistent concentrations across matrices is likely too simplistic.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - LaKind, Judy S
AU  - Berlin, Cheston M
AU  - Sjodin, Andreas
AU  - Turner, Wayman
AU  - Wang, Richard Y
AU  - Needham, Larry L
AU  - Paul, Ian M
AU  - Stokes, Jennifer L
AU  - Naiman, Daniel Q
AU  - Patterson, Donald G
AD  - LaKind Associates, LLC, Catonsville, Maryland, USA
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - October 2009
SP  - 1625
EP  - 1631
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 10
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE)
KW  - blood
KW  - breast milk
KW  - depuration
KW  - dioxins
KW  - elimination kinetics
KW  - infant exposure
KW  - partitioning
KW  - PBDEs
KW  - PCBs
KW  - pesticides
KW  - Blood
KW  - Partitioning
KW  - Milk
KW  - Assessments
KW  - Matrices
KW  - Exposure
KW  - Serums
KW  - Infants
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-06-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-05-18
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0900876
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Perinatal Exposure to Bisphenol A Alters Early Adipogenesis in the Rat
AN  - 1677985895; 11866558
AB  - Background The causes of the current obesity pandemic have not been fully elucidated. Implication of environmental endocrine disruptors such as bisphenol A (BPA) on adipose tissue development has been poorly investigated. Objectives The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of perinatal exposure to BPA on early adipose storage at weaning. Methods Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats had access to drinking water containing 1 mg/L BPA from day 6 of gestation through the end of lactation. Pups were weaned on postnatal day (PND) 21. At that time, we investigated perigonadal adipose tissue of pups (weight, histology, gene expression). For the remaining animals, we recorded body weight and food intake for animals on either standard chow or a high-fat diet. Results Gestational exposure to BPA did not alter the sex ratio or litter size at birth. On PND1, the weight of male and female BPA-exposed pups was increased. On PND21, body weight was increased only in females, in which parametrial white adipose tissue (pWAT) weight was increased about 3-fold. This excess of pWAT was associated with adipocyte hypertrophy and overexpression of lipogenic genes such as C/EBP-I- (CAAT enhancer binding protein alpha), PPAR-I3 (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma), SREBP-1C (sterol regulatory element binding protein-1C), LPL (lipoprotein lipase), FAS (fatty acid synthase), and SCD-1 (stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1). In addition, gene expression of SREBP-1C, FAS, and ACC (acetyl-CoA carboxylase) was also increased in liver from BPA-exposed females at PND21, without a change in circulating lipids and glucose. After weaning, perinatal BPA exposure predisposed to overweight in a sex- and diet-dependent manner. We observed no change in food intake due to perinatal BPA exposure in rats on either standard chow or a high-fat diet. Conclusions Perinatal exposure to a low dose of BPA increased adipogenesis in females at weaning. Adult body weight may be programmed during early life, leading to changes dependent on the sex and the nutritional status. Although further studies are required to understand the mechanisms of BPA action in early life, these results are particularly important with regard to the increasing prevalence of childhood obesity and the context-dependent action of endocrine disruptors.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Somm, Emmanuel
AU  - Schwitzgebel, ValACOrie M
AU  - Toulotte, Audrey
AU  - Cederroth, Christopher R
AU  - Combescure, Christophe
AU  - Nef, Serge
AU  - Aubert, Michel L
AU  - HAppi, Petra S
AD  - Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - October 2009
SP  - 1549
EP  - 1555
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 10
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE)
KW  - adipocyte
KW  - adipose tissue
KW  - bisphenol A
KW  - food intake
KW  - obesity
KW  - Gene expression
KW  - Bisphenol A
KW  - Body weight
KW  - Endocrine disruptors
KW  - Adipose tissues
KW  - Gestation
KW  - Females
KW  - Binding
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-06-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-05-18
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.11342
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Chlorination Disinfection By-Products in Drinking Water and Congenital Anomalies: Review and Meta-Analyses
AN  - 1677985101; 11866549
AB  - Objectives The aim of this study was to review epidemiologic evidence, provide summary risk estimates of the association between exposure to chlorination disinfection by-products (DBPs) and congenital anomalies, and provide recommendations for future studies. Data sources and extraction We included all published epidemiologic studies that evaluated a relationship between an index of DBP exposure (treatment, water source, DBP measurements, and both DBP measurements and personal characteristics) and risk of congenital anomalies. When three or more studies examined the same exposure index and congenital anomaly, we conducted a meta-analysis to obtain a summary risk estimate comparing the highest exposure group with the lowest exposure group. When five or more studies examined total trihalomethane (TTHM) exposure and a specific congenital anomaly, we conducted a meta-analysis to obtain exposurearesponse risk estimates per 10 mu g/L TTHM. Data synthesis For all congenital anomalies combined, the meta-analysis gave a statistically significant excess risk for high versus low exposure to water chlorination or TTHM [17%; 95% confidence interval (CI), 3-34] based on a small number of studies. The meta-analysis also suggested a statistically significant excess risk for ventricular septal defects (58%; 95% CI, 21x10 super(7)), but this was based on only three studies, and there was little evidence of an exposurearesponse relationship. We observed no statistically significant relationships in the other meta-analyses. We found little evidence for publication bias, except for urinary tract defects and cleft lip and palate. Conclusion Although some individual studies have suggested an association between chlorination disinfection by-products and congenital anomalies, meta-analyses of all currently available studies demonstrate little evidence of such an association.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J
AU  - Martinez, David
AU  - Grellier, James
AU  - Bennett, James
AU  - Best, Nicky
AU  - Iszatt, Nina
AU  - Vrijheid, Martine
AU  - Toledano, Mireille B
AD  - Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology, Barcelona, Spain
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - October 2009
SP  - 1486
EP  - 1493
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 10
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE)
KW  - birth defects
KW  - congenital anomalies
KW  - disinfection by-products
KW  - fetal development
KW  - reproductive health
KW  - trihalomethanes
KW  - Risk
KW  - Estimates
KW  - Epidemiology
KW  - Congenital anomalies
KW  - Byproducts
KW  - Chlorination
KW  - Summaries
KW  - Defects
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-06-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-05-18
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0900677
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Urinary Phthalate Metabolites in Relation to Preterm Birth in Mexico City
AN  - 1677984961; 11866563
AB  - Background Rates of preterm birth have been rising over the past several decades. Factors contributing to this trend remain largely unclear, and exposure to environmental contaminants may play a role. Objective We investigated the relationship between phthalate exposure and preterm birth. Methods Within a large Mexican birth cohort study, we compared third-trimester urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations in 30 women who delivered preterm (& 37 weeks of gestation) with those of 30 controls (aY 37 weeks of gestation). Results Concentrations of most of the metabolites were similar to those reported among U.S. females, although in the present study mono-n-butyl phthalate (MBP) concentrations were higher and monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP) concentrations lower. In a crude comparison before correcting for urinary dilution, geometric mean urinary concentrations were higher for the phthalate metabolites MBP, MBzP, mono(3-carboxylpropyl) phthalate, and four metabolites of di(2-ethyl-hexyl) phthalate among women who subsequently delivered preterm. These differences remained, but were somewhat lessened, after correction by specific gravity or creatinine. In multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusted for potential confounders, elevated odds of having phthalate metabolite concentrations above the median level were found. Conclusions We found that phthalate exposure is prevalent among this group of pregnant women in Mexico and that some phthalates may be associated with preterm birth.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Meeker, John D
AU  - Hu, Howard
AU  - Cantonwine, David E
AU  - Lamadrid-Figueroa, Hector
AU  - Calafat, Antonia M
AU  - Ettinger, Adrienne S
AU  - Hernandez-Avila, Mauricio
AU  - Loch-Caruso, Rita
AU  - TACOllez-Rojo, Martha Maria
AD  - Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - October 2009
SP  - 1587
EP  - 1592
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 10
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE)
KW  - caseacontrol
KW  - environment
KW  - epidemiology
KW  - exposure
KW  - pregnancy
KW  - prematurity
KW  - Birth
KW  - Logistics
KW  - Creatinine
KW  - Phthalates
KW  - Gestation
KW  - Metabolites
KW  - Contaminants
KW  - Elevated
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-06-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-05-18
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0800522
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Drinking-Water Herbicide Exposure in Indiana and Prevalence of Small-for-Gestational-Age and Preterm Delivery
AN  - 1677984258; 11866568
AB  - Background Atrazine and other corn herbicides are routinely detected in drinking water. Two studies on potential association of atrazine with small-for-gestational-age (SGA) and preterm birth prevalence found inconsistent results. Moreover, these studies did not control for individual-level potential confounders. Objectives Our retrospective cohort study evaluated whether atrazine in drinking water is associated with increased prevalence of SGA and preterm birth. Methods We developed atrazine concentration time series for 19 water systems in Indiana from 1993 to 2007 and selected all births (n = 24,154) based on geocoded motheras residences. Log-binomial models were used to estimate prevalence ratios (PRs) for SGA and preterm delivery in relation to atrazine concentrations during various periods of the pregnancy. Models controlled for maternal demographic characteristics, prenatal care and reproductive history, and behavioral risk factors (smoking, drinking, drug use). Results Atrazine in drinking water during the third trimester and the entire pregnancy was associated with a significant increase in the prevalence of SGA. Atrazine in drinking water > 0.1 delta 14g/L during the third trimester resulted in 17-19% increase in the prevalence of SGA compared with the control group (0.1 delta 14g/L). Mean atrazine concentrations over the entire pregnancy > 0.644 delta 14g/L were associated with higher SGA prevalence than in the control group (adjusted PR = 1.14; 95% confidence interval, 1.03-1.24). No significant association was found for preterm delivery. Conclusions We found that atrazine, and perhaps other co-occurring herbicides in drinking water, is associated with an increased prevalence of SGA, but not preterm delivery.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Ochoa-AcuA-a, Hugo
AU  - Frankenberger, Jane
AU  - Hahn, Leighanne
AU  - Carbajo, Cristina
AD  - Epidemiology and Public Health Section, Comparative Pathobiology
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - October 2009
SP  - 1619
EP  - 1624
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 10
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE)
KW  - atrazine
KW  - birth weight
KW  - epidemiology
KW  - herbicides
KW  - preterm birth
KW  - Birth
KW  - Mathematical models
KW  - Time series
KW  - Atrazine
KW  - Herbicides
KW  - Drinking water
KW  - Confidence intervals
KW  - Pregnancy
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-06-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-05-18
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0900784
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Lead Exposure and Behavior among Young Children in Chennai, India
AN  - 1677983400; 11866566
AB  - Background Lead exposure has long been associated with deficits in IQ among children. However, few studies have assessed the impact of lead on specific domains of behavior and cognition. Objective We evaluated the associations between lead and different domains of neurobehavior and their relative sensitivity to lead. Methods We determined blood lead levels using a LeadCare instrument in 756 children 3a7 years of age attending pre- and elementary schools in Chennai, India. Anxiety, social problems, inattention, hyperactivity, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), as well as executive function were assessed in children by their schoolteachers using Connersa Teacher Rating Scales-39, Connersa ADHD/Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders, 4th Edition Scales (CADS), and the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function questionnaires, with higher scores denoting worse behavior. Analyses were carried out using multivariate generalized estimating equations with comparisons of outcome Z-scores to assess the relative strengths of the associations between log-blood lead and the different domains of behavior. Results Mean blood lead level was 11.4 A- 5.3 I14g/dL. Blood lead was associated with higher anxiety (I2 = 0.27, p = 0.01), social problems (I2 = 0.20, p = 0.02), and higher scores in the ADHD index (I2 = 0.17; p = 0.05). The effect estimate was highest for global executive function (I2 = 0.42; p& 0.001). Conclusions Higher blood lead levels in this population of young children is associated with increased risk of neurobehavioral deficits and ADHD, with executive function and attention being particularly vulnerable domains to the effects of lead.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Roy, Ananya
AU  - Bellinger, David
AU  - Hu, Howard
AU  - Schwartz, Joel
AU  - Ettinger, Adrienne S
AU  - Wright, Robert O
AU  - Bouchard, Maryse
AU  - Palaniappan, Kavitha
AU  - Balakrishnan, Kalpana
AD  - Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - October 2009
SP  - 1607
EP  - 1611
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 10
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE)
KW  - ADHD
KW  - anxiety
KW  - blood lead
KW  - children
KW  - executive function
KW  - India
KW  - sociability
KW  - Blood
KW  - Anxiety
KW  - Estimating
KW  - Ratings
KW  - Teachers
KW  - Social problems
KW  - Children
KW  - Mathematical analysis
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-06-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-05-18
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0900625
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - WATER TREATMENT: Sweeteners Persist in Waterways
AN  - 1671511778; 13204939
AB  - Abstract not available.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Kessler, Rebecca
AD  - Rebecca Kessler, based in Providence, Rhode Island, is a senior editor at Natural History and writes about science and the environment for various publications. She is a member of the National Association of Science Writers and the Society of Environmental Journalists
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - October 2009
SP  - A438
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 10
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE)
KW  - Water treatment
KW  - Sweeteners
KW  - Health
KW  - Waterways
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2016-05-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-05-18
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Concerns of CropLife America Regarding the Application and Use of the U.S. EPA's Toxicity Reference Database
AN  - 1671495805; 13204934
AB  - Abstract not available.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Janus, Erik
AD  - Science & Regulatory Affairs, CropLife America, Washington, DC EJanus@croplifeamerica.org
Y1  - 2009/10//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Oct 2009
SP  - A432
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 10
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE)
KW  - Databases
KW  - Americas
KW  - Health
KW  - Toxicity
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2015-04-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-05-04
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0900951
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - START Follow-on Dos & Don'ts: Do Time Extension instead of a Bad Treaty
AN  - 742949810; 2010-503718
AB  - The Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (START), which provides limits on US and Russian strategic nuclear warheads and delivery systems, and a complex regime to verify compliance with those limits, is set to expire on December 5, 2009. President Obama and Russian President Medvedev have proposed a legally binding agreement to replace it, which President Obama said will be done this year. A treaty meeting the goals articulated in this paper is more likely to gain the two-thirds majority necessary for Senate consent. Tables.
JF  - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee, Sep 30 2009, 16 pp.
AU  - United States Senate Republican Policy Committee
Y1  - 2009/09/30/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Sep 30
PB  - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee
KW  - International relations - International peace and security
KW  - International relations - Treaties
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military equipment and weapons
KW  - Obama, Barack
KW  - United States
KW  - Strategic arms limitation talks
KW  - Atomic weapons
KW  - Nuclear nonproliferation
KW  - Russian Federation
KW  - Arms limitation
KW  - Medvedev, Dmitry Anatolyevich
KW  - Treaties
KW  - book
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L2  - http://rpc.senate.gov/public/_files/093009STARTFollowonDosandDontsms.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-05-10
N1  - Publication note - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee, 2009
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Roles of genes 38, 39, and 40 in shutoff of host biosyntheses during infection of Bacillus subtilis by bacteriophage SPO1.
AN  - 67647936; 19665746
AB  - A nonsense mutation in SPO1 gene 40 prevented normal shutoff of both host DNA and host RNA synthesis, showing that gp40 is required for the normal occurrence of both shutoffs. A gene 39 nonsense mutation caused accelerated shutoff of both host DNA and host RNA synthesis (aided by a gene 38 nonsense mutation), showing that gp39 (aided by gp38) limits the rate at which both shutoffs occur. The 40(-) mutation suppressed the accelerative effects of the 39(-) and 38(-) mutations, showing that gp40 also plays an essential role in the accelerated shutoffs. To the best of our knowledge, proteins with the particular activities implied for gp39 and gp40 have not been identified in any other bacteriophage. SPO1 has at least three different mechanisms that have the effect of delaying the shutoff of host DNA and RNA synthesis.
JF  - Virology
AU  - Stewart, Charles R
AU  - Yip, Tameson K S
AU  - Myles, Bati
AU  - Laughlin, Laura
AD  - Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rice University, Houston, TX 77251, USA. crs@rice.edu
Y1  - 2009/09/30/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Sep 30
SP  - 271
EP  - 274
VL  - 392
IS  - 2
KW  - Codon, Nonsense
KW  - 0
KW  - DNA, Bacterial
KW  - RNA, Viral
KW  - Viral Proteins
KW  - Index Medicus
KW  - Virus Replication
KW  - Mutagenesis, Site-Directed
KW  - Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial
KW  - RNA, Viral -- biosynthesis
KW  - DNA, Bacterial -- biosynthesis
KW  - Viral Proteins -- genetics
KW  - Bacillus Phages -- metabolism
KW  - Bacillus Phages -- genetics
KW  - Bacillus subtilis -- metabolism
KW  - Bacillus Phages -- physiology
KW  - Bacillus subtilis -- virology
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date completed - 2009-09-17
N1  - Date created - 2009-09-14
N1  - Date revised - 2017-01-13
N1  - Last updated - 2017-01-18
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2009.06.046
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Spatial and temporal aspects of the transition from connection to disconnection between rivers, lakes and groundwater
AN  - 1777089519; 10888824
AB  - A changing groundwater table can affect the flow regime between surface water and groundwater. Quantitative approaches are required to understand how such changes influence the flow regime. While in a fully connected regime changes in the groundwater table are related linearly to changes of the infiltration rate, in a disconnected regime the infiltration rate is essentially independent of such changes. However, transitional regimes between connected and disconnected regimes also exist and we identify different transitional pathways. We illustrate how hydrological parameters determine the pathway of transition and show that spatial variations of the infiltration flux through a surface water body strongly depends on these different pathways of transition. Moreover, the spatial distribution of seepage through a surface water body is shown to depend on the state of connection. We also show that the transition from a connected to disconnected flow regime may require a significant drop of the groundwater table. The study demonstrates that the transition zone may be of greater importance than is usually acknowledged. A comparison of lakes and rivers reveals that the latter are less likely to disconnect in response to a decrease of the regional groundwater table. We relate this behavior to differences in the build-up of a groundwater mound in 2D and 3D. Finally, we carry out some simple transient simulations for 3D systems to analyse the transient behavior of surface water groundwater interaction in the context of disconnection. We show that the state of connection is a critical variable in the dynamics of infiltration in a non-steady system.
JF  - Journal of Hydrology (Amsterdam)
AU  - Brunner, P
AU  - Simmons, C T
AU  - Cook, P G
AD  - GPO Box 2100, Adelaide SA 5001, Australia philip.brunner@flinders.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/09/30/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Sep 30
SP  - 159
EP  - 169
PB  - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/]
VL  - 376
IS  - 1-2
SN  - 0022-1694, 0022-1694
KW  - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE)
KW  - Disengaging
KW  - Pathways
KW  - Surface water
KW  - Dynamical systems
KW  - Infiltration
KW  - Tables (data)
KW  - Groundwater
KW  - Dynamics
KW  - Freshwater
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.atitle=Spatial+and+temporal+aspects+of+the+transition+from+connection+to+disconnection+between+rivers%2C+lakes+and+groundwater&rft.au=Shipton%2C+Brett&rft.aulast=Shipton&rft.aufirst=Brett&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=57&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Learning+Design&rft.issn=18328342&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-05-18
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Freshwater
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.07.023
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Restricted gene flow in the endangered pygmy bluetongue lizard (Tiliqua adelaidensis) in a fragmented agricultural landscape
AN  - 856756555; 13812355
AB  - Habitat fragmentation can have several adverse genetic impacts on populations. Assessing the extent of these threatening processes is essential in conservation management. In the present study, we investigated the genetic population structure of the endangered pygmy bluetongue lizard, Tiliqua adelaidensis, which is now restricted to a few small fragments of its previously more extensive grassland habitat. The aim of our study was to investigate genetic diversity and gene flow both among and within sample sites. The information will assist in making recommendations for habitat conservation and translocation programs. We collected DNA from 229 individuals from six isolated sample sites and genotyped them for 16 polymorphic microsatellite loci. Across all six sample sites, observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.75 to 0.82. There was no evidence of population bottlenecks and little evidence of inbreeding due to consanguineous mating. Genetic differentiation was low to moderate although significant for all pairs of sample sites (F sub(ST) = 0.021-0.091). Results from Bayesian clustering analyses revealed distinct clusters in the overall sample and suggested restricted gene flow between sample sites separated by distances ranging from 1.7 to 71.6 km. By using spatial autocorrelation, we also found a significant genetic structure within sample sites at distances up to 30 m, suggesting restricted gene flow even in small patches of continuous habitat. It will be important to preserve this finely clustered population structure in captive breeding and translocation programs. Increasing opportunities for gene flow through habitat corridors or population augmentation may help maintain genetic diversity and prevent an increase in differentiation. Although endangered species do not always present model systems for studying fragmentation, our approach shows how important genetic information can be acquired to aid conservation in highly fragmented ecosystems.
JF  - Wildlife Research
AU  - Smith, Annabel L
AU  - Gardner, Michael G
AU  - Fenner, Aaron L
AU  - Bull, CMichael
AD  - School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University of South Australia, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia, annabel.smith@flinders.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/09/29/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Sep 29
SP  - 466
EP  - 478
PB  - CSIRO Publishing, PO Box 1139 Collingwood Vic. 3066 Australia
VL  - 36
IS  - 6
SN  - 1035-3712, 1035-3712
KW  - Genetics Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts
KW  - Bayesian analysis
KW  - Genetic diversity
KW  - Habitat fragmentation
KW  - genetic structure
KW  - population structure
KW  - Population genetics
KW  - Differentiation
KW  - Mating
KW  - Gene flow
KW  - Bluetongue
KW  - Habitat corridors
KW  - Translocation
KW  - Mathematical models
KW  - Data processing
KW  - Population bottleneck
KW  - Landscape
KW  - Microsatellites
KW  - genetic diversity
KW  - Lacertilia
KW  - Habitat
KW  - Tiliqua
KW  - lizards
KW  - Captive breeding
KW  - Heterozygosity
KW  - Grasslands
KW  - inbreeding
KW  - Endangered species
KW  - Conservation
KW  - Population structure
KW  - Inbreeding
KW  - translocation
KW  - Genetic structure
KW  - ENA 06:Food & Drugs
KW  - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development
KW  - G 07750:Ecological & Population Genetics
KW  - D 04060:Management and Conservation
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wildlife+Research&rft.atitle=Restricted+gene+flow+in+the+endangered+pygmy+bluetongue+lizard+%28Tiliqua+adelaidensis%29+in+a+fragmented+agricultural+landscape&rft.au=Smith%2C+Annabel+L%3BGardner%2C+Michael+G%3BFenner%2C+Aaron+L%3BBull%2C+CMichael&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Annabel&rft.date=2009-09-29&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=466&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wildlife+Research&rft.issn=10353712&rft_id=info:doi/10.1071%2FWR08171
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2011-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2012-03-29
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data processing; Mathematical models; Bayesian analysis; Population bottleneck; Landscape; Microsatellites; Genetic diversity; Habitat; Heterozygosity; Captive breeding; Habitat fragmentation; Mating; Differentiation; Grasslands; Population genetics; Gene flow; Bluetongue; Conservation; Endangered species; Habitat corridors; Inbreeding; Population structure; Genetic structure; Translocation; population structure; inbreeding; genetic diversity; translocation; lizards; genetic structure; Lacertilia; Tiliqua
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/WR08171
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Sending Mail to Members of the Armed Forces at Reduced or Free Postage: An Overview
AN  - 58831645; 2010-442855
AB  - Members of the Armed Forces on duty in designated combat areas can send personal correspondence, free of postage, to addresses in the US; however, there is no comparable policy to permit individuals in the US to send letters and packages to troops serving overseas, although a sender is charged only for the cost of the domestic portion of the delivery -- the Department of Defense pays the cost to move the mail from the US to troops overseas. Legislation -- H.R. 704 (and the identical H.R. 2126) and H.R. 707 -- has been introduced in the 111th Congress to establish a free-mail-to-troops postage benefit. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Sep 29 2009, 6 pp.
AU  - Kosar, Kevin R
Y1  - 2009/09/29/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Sep 29
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military personnel and veterans
KW  - Transportation and transportation policy - Mail service
KW  - Cost
KW  - Postal service
KW  - Legislation
KW  - United States Defense department
KW  - Armed forces
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40550_20090929.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40550
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Trends in molluscan gene sequence similarity: An observation from genes expressed within the hypobranchial gland of Dicathais orbita (Gmelin, 1791) (Neogastropoda: Muricidae)
AN  - 21071074; 11087261
AB  - This study investigates the phylogenetic distribution of homology to Dicathais orbita hypobranchial gland genes based on tBLASTx pairwise sequence alignments from the Genbank database. Suppressive subtractive hybridization was used to obtain 417 non-redundant genes that were up-regulated or uniquely expressed in the hypobranchial gland relative to mantle tissue. Of these, 133 sequences revealed matches to the database with the remaining 68% of genes appearing as apparently novel sequences. Homologous sequence matches were observed for a wide range of evolutionarily divergent taxa, encompassing animals, protozoans, plants, fungi, bacteria, and viruses. The highest frequency of homology was found towards chordate sequences, followed by the Mollusca, which highlights the current bias in availability of vertebrate versus invertebrate sequences in the database. An unexpectedly high proportion of matches were also found toward the Ciliophora, indicating a possible symbiotic relationship, as well as the Ascomycota and Streptophyta, which share the ability to biosynthesize indole derivatives with Muricidae such as Dicathais orbita. Overall, these results reveal the usefulness of undertaking sequence comparisons in gene expression and highlight the current paucity of knowledge of molluscan genomes.
JF  - Nautilus
AU  - Laffy, P W
AU  - Benkendorff, K
AU  - Abbott, CA
AD  - School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100 Adelaide, SA 5001 AUSTRALIA, kirsten.benkendorff@flinders.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/09/28/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Sep 28
SP  - 154
EP  - 158
VL  - 123
IS  - 3
SN  - 0028-1344, 0028-1344
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts
KW  - Genomes
KW  - Muricidae
KW  - Nucleotide sequence
KW  - Ascomycota
KW  - Gene expression
KW  - Streptophyta
KW  - Glands
KW  - Mollusca
KW  - Phylogenetics
KW  - Phylogeny
KW  - Marine
KW  - Chordata
KW  - Symbionts
KW  - Neogastropoda
KW  - Fungi
KW  - Ciliophora
KW  - Databases
KW  - Homology
KW  - Indole
KW  - Marine molluscs
KW  - Plant viruses
KW  - Evolution
KW  - V 22410:Animal Diseases
KW  - Q4 27760:Microorganisms
KW  - G 07730:Development & Cell Cycle
KW  - O 1030:Invertebrates
KW  - J 02430:Symbiosis, Antibiosis & Phages
KW  - Q1 08265:Genetics and evolution
KW  - K 03310:Genetics & Taxonomy
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nautilus&rft.atitle=Trends+in+molluscan+gene+sequence+similarity%3A+An+observation+from+genes+expressed+within+the+hypobranchial+gland+of+Dicathais+orbita+%28Gmelin%2C+1791%29+%28Neogastropoda%3A+Muricidae%29&rft.au=Laffy%2C+P+W%3BBenkendorff%2C+K%3BAbbott%2C+CA&rft.aulast=Laffy&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2009-09-28&rft.volume=123&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=154&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nautilus&rft.issn=00281344&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-12-24
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Gene expression; Symbionts; Glands; Nucleotide sequence; Marine molluscs; Phylogenetics; Phylogeny; Databases; Homology; Indole; Fungi; Plant viruses; Evolution; Chordata; Neogastropoda; Streptophyta; Muricidae; Mollusca; Ascomycota; Ciliophora; Marine
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Novel In Situ Tool for the Exposure and Analysis of Microorganisms in Natural Aquatic Systems
AN  - 754544163; 13268217
AB  - To evaluate the effects of contaminants or nutrient limitation in natural waters, it is often desirable to perform controlled exposures of organisms. While in situ exposures are routine for caged organisms or macrophytes, they are extremely difficult to perform for microorganisms, mainly due to difficulties in designing an exposure device that isolates the cells while allowing rapid equilibration with the external media. In this paper, a stirred underwater biouptake system (SUBS) based on the diffusion of chemicals across a semipermeable membrane housing a controlled population of microorganisms is reported. Cd diffusion through the semipermeable membrane was evaluated by voltammetry using a microelectrode. Comparison of stirred and unstirred solutions demonstrated a significantly increased diffusive flux in the presence of stirring. Lab tests using Chlamydomonas reinhardtii showed that diffusion across the semipermeable membrane was not limiting with respect to the biouptake of Cd. The SUBS device was field tested and the results of viability studies and trace metal biouptake by C. reinhardtii are reported. No diffusion limitation due to the SUBS was observed for Cd under the tested field conditions. The SUBS device was also shown to be useful for field exposures and subsequent measurements of trace metal uptake and viability. The results support the future use of the SUBS for the in situ measurement of phytochelatin/metallothionein production, photosynthetic efficiency, or reporter gene induction of controlled organisms.
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
AU  - Davis, Thomas A
AU  - Simon, Dana F
AU  - Hassler, Christel S
AU  - Wilkinson, Kevin J
AD  - Analytical and Biophysical Environmental Chemistry, University of Geneva, Sciences II, 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland, Department of Chemistry, University of Montreal, P.O. Box 6128, succursale Centre-ville, Montral, Qubec, Canada, H3C-3J7, and CSIRO Atmospheric and Marine Research, GPO Box 1538, Hobart TAS 7001, Australia
Y1  - 2009/09/22/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Sep 22
SP  - 8240
EP  - 8244
PB  - American Chemical Society, 1155 16th St., NW Washington DC 20036 USA
VL  - 43
IS  - 21
SN  - 0013-936X, 0013-936X
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts
KW  - Semipermeable Membranes
KW  - Chlorophylls
KW  - Photosynthesis
KW  - Metallothionein
KW  - Nutrients
KW  - Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
KW  - phytochelatins
KW  - Exposure
KW  - Absorption
KW  - Diffusion
KW  - Cadmium
KW  - Microelectrodes
KW  - Testing Procedures
KW  - Membranes
KW  - Aquatic plants
KW  - in situ measurement
KW  - Aquatic environment
KW  - Trace Metals
KW  - Macrophytes
KW  - Water Pollution Effects
KW  - Microorganisms
KW  - Uptake
KW  - Contaminants
KW  - Chemicals
KW  - Housing
KW  - Environmental factors
KW  - Voltammetry
KW  - Limiting factors
KW  - Aquatic microorganisms
KW  - metallothioneins
KW  - Reporter gene
KW  - trace metals
KW  - Trace metals
KW  - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate
KW  - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development
KW  - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION
KW  - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment
KW  - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution
KW  - SW 3030:Effects of pollution
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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L2  - http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/es901492y
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-10-28
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chlorophylls; Aquatic plants; Microorganisms; Uptake; Cadmium; Limiting factors; Environmental factors; Trace metals; Housing; Metallothionein; Nutrients; phytochelatins; Macrophytes; Aquatic microorganisms; Reporter gene; Diffusion; Contaminants; Microelectrodes; Chemicals; Membranes; Photosynthesis; metallothioneins; in situ measurement; trace metals; Voltammetry; Aquatic environment; Testing Procedures; Semipermeable Membranes; Trace Metals; Water Pollution Effects; Exposure; Absorption; Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es901492y
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - An in vivo model of priming of antigen-specific human CTL by Mo-DC in NOD/Shi-scid IL2rg super(n) super(u) super(l) super(l) (NOG) mice
AN  - 21238018; 10969286
AB  - In vivo assay to evaluate anti-cancer immunotherapy at the pre-clinical phase is eagerly needed. We currently established xenotransplantation-based method to analyze in vivo priming of cancer-antigen-specific human cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). We transplanted human peripheral T cells and analyzed priming of CTLs in NOG mice. Half of the mice engrafted with bulk lymphocytes including CD4 super(+) T cells died before analysis probably due to xenoreactive graft versus host disease. All of the mice engrafted with purified CD8 super(+) T cells survived until the analysis, and successful engraftment was observed in 80% of recipient mice. Thus, transfer of purified CD8 super(+) T cells is sufficient and safer than that of bulk lymphocytes. To add antigenic stimulation to the CD8 super(+) T cells in vivo, injection of antigenic peptide-loaded and monocyte-derived autologous dendritic cells (DCs) was simultaneously done and repeated 7 days later. The DC-based vaccinization resulted in efficient priming of HLA class I-restricted and MART1, WT1 or CMV peptides-specific CTLs in the recipient mice. This system may be useful to evaluate the stimulation of antigen-specific human CTLs in vivo.
JF  - Immunology Letters
AU  - Inoue, M
AU  - Senju, S
AU  - Hirata, S
AU  - Irie, A
AU  - Baba, H
AU  - Nishimura, Y
AD  - Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Honjo 1-1-1, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan, mxnishim@gpo.kumamoto-u.ac.jp
Y1  - 2009/09/22/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Sep 22
SP  - 67
EP  - 72
PB  - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/]
VL  - 126
IS  - 1-2
SN  - 0165-2478, 0165-2478
KW  - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Immunology Abstracts
KW  - Autografts
KW  - Histocompatibility antigen HLA
KW  - Immunotherapy
KW  - Animal models
KW  - Graft-versus-host reaction
KW  - CD8 antigen
KW  - Cytomegalovirus
KW  - Dendritic cells
KW  - Cytotoxicity
KW  - CD4 antigen
KW  - Lymphocytes T
KW  - Monocytes
KW  - Xenografts
KW  - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews
KW  - F 06920:Transplantation
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21238018?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Immunology+Letters&rft.atitle=An+in+vivo+model+of+priming+of+antigen-specific+human+CTL+by+Mo-DC+in+NOD%2FShi-scid+IL2rg+super%28n%29+super%28u%29+super%28l%29+super%28l%29+%28NOG%29+mice&rft.au=Inoue%2C+M%3BSenju%2C+S%3BHirata%2C+S%3BIrie%2C+A%3BBaba%2C+H%3BNishimura%2C+Y&rft.aulast=Inoue&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2009-09-22&rft.volume=126&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Immunology+Letters&rft.issn=01652478&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.imlet.2009.08.001
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Histocompatibility antigen HLA; Autografts; Dendritic cells; CD4 antigen; Cytotoxicity; Immunotherapy; Animal models; Lymphocytes T; Graft-versus-host reaction; Xenografts; Monocytes; CD8 antigen; Cytomegalovirus
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.imlet.2009.08.001
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Growth and phenology of winter wheat and oats in a dual-purpose management system
AN  - 762282578; 13811699
AB  - Dual-purpose cereal cropping is gaining acceptance among growers in mixed farming systems. Success in particular seasons depends on management decisions regarding choice of cereal species, sowing date, timing of grazing, and stocking rate. A more detailed understanding of how these factors influence the growth, phenology, and grain yield of the major cereal forages is needed to model these systems. Wheat (cvv. Whistler and Mackellar) and oats (cv. Blackbutt) were grown under dual-purpose management near Canberra, ACT, over 3 years (2004-06) in 2 crop sequences: wheat-oats-wheat and oats-wheat-wheat. In each year, crops were grazed by sheep at low (20/ha), medium (30-35 /ha), and high (40-52 /ha) grazing intensities. In the pre-grazing periods, measurements of phyllochron interval (PI), tiller development rate (TDR), and stem apex height were made. Post-grazing growth rate was determined from shoot biomass cuts taken at the end of grazing and at grain harvest. Soil moisture changes during each year were monitored to examine the pattern of soil water use under varying grazing intensities. In unusually dry periods in March-April 2004 and 2005, oats established significantly denser plant populations than wheat. In 2004, this initial advantage of oats resulted in greater feed on offer at the start of grazing than wheat, whereas in 2005, higher TDR, lower PI of wheat, and the longer duration of tillering resulted in similar amounts of feed on offer at the start of grazing. Elongation of the stem apex was more rapid in wheat than oats, indicating that wheat would be more at risk of damage during grazing. The post-grazing growth rate of wheat and oats was significantly lower than the ungrazed control in the dry spring years of 2004 and 2006, but significantly higher in the wetter spring year of 2005. While reduction in growth rate at high stocking rate was most likely caused by extreme reduction in leaf area, the causes of increases in growth rate following more lenient grazing require further investigation. In 2004 and 2005, there was no significant difference between crops or between stocking rate treatments in soil water depletion during the post-grazing period. However, in 2006, when soil moisture was not affected by rainfall in the post-grazing period, significantly more water was depleted from soil in the 0.60-1.70 m depth under low and medium stocking rate treatments than under the ungrazed control treatment. A gross margin analysis showed greater economic returns for the dual-purpose compared with a grain-only option in each year, most notably in the very dry season in 2006, when conventional practice would have been to sacrifice the grain crop to grazing or hay production.
JF  - Crop & Pasture Science
AU  - Kelman, WM
AU  - Dove, H
AD  - CSIRO Plant Industry, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia, walter.kelman@csiro.au
Y1  - 2009/09/18/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Sep 18
SP  - 921
EP  - 932
PB  - CSIRO Publishing, PO Box 1139 Collingwood Vic. 3066 Australia
VL  - 60
IS  - 10
SN  - 1836-0947, 1836-0947
KW  - ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - stocking rates
KW  - grazing
KW  - Soil Water
KW  - Crops
KW  - Winter
KW  - Soil
KW  - Triticum aestivum
KW  - Phenology
KW  - Soils
KW  - Plant populations
KW  - wheat
KW  - Growth rate
KW  - Grazing
KW  - Leaves
KW  - Growth Rates
KW  - phenology
KW  - Water use
KW  - Australia, Australian Capital Terr., Canberra
KW  - Moisture Content
KW  - Wheat
KW  - Oats
KW  - Soil moisture
KW  - Dry season
KW  - Feeds
KW  - ENA 06:Food & Drugs
KW  - SW 0845:Water in soils
KW  - Q3 08581:Aquaculture: General
KW  - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Crop+%26+Pasture+Science&rft.atitle=Growth+and+phenology+of+winter+wheat+and+oats+in+a+dual-purpose+management+system&rft.au=Kelman%2C+WM%3BDove%2C+H&rft.aulast=Kelman&rft.aufirst=WM&rft.date=2009-09-18&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=921&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Crop+%26+Pasture+Science&rft.issn=18360947&rft_id=info:doi/10.1071%2FCP09029
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-11-01
N1  - Number of references - 20
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-07
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth rate; Water use; Phenology; Grazing; Soils; Leaves; Dry season; Plant populations; Winter; Soil; wheat; stocking rates; grazing; phenology; Soil moisture; Crops; Feeds; Moisture Content; Soil Water; Growth Rates; Oats; Wheat; Triticum aestivum; Australia, Australian Capital Terr., Canberra
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/CP09029
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Wildfire Fuels and Fuel Reduction
AN  - 58838272; 2008-423460
AB  - Severe wildfires have been burning more area and more houses in recent years. Activities that alter biomass fuels -- reducing total loads, reducing small fuels, reducing large fuels, and eliminating fuel ladders -- can help reduce wildfire severity and damages; and issues for Congress include the appropriate level of funding for prescribed burning and thinning for fuel reduction and the appropriate reporting of accomplishments. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Sep 16 2009, 15 pp.
AU  - Gorte, Ross W
Y1  - 2009/09/16/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Sep 16
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Environment and environmental policy - Weather, climate, and natural disasters
KW  - Environment and environmental policy - Ecology and environmental policy
KW  - Business and service sector - Business management
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Fires
KW  - Management
KW  - Land
KW  - Emergency preparedness
KW  - book
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Gorte%2C+Ross+W&rft.aulast=Gorte&rft.aufirst=Ross&rft.date=2009-09-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Wildfire+Fuels+and+Fuel+Reduction&rft.title=Wildfire+Fuels+and+Fuel+Reduction&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40811_20090916.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40811
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - FEMA Disaster Housing: From Sheltering to Permanent Housing
AN  - 58830569; 2008-423461
AB  - This report reviews the cycle of Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) disaster housing assistance, from sheltering provided by local organizations in the immediate aftermath, to the eventual repair and rebuilding or replacement of private homes and rental units. This report reviews standard disaster housing procedures as well as options that could be taken to improve disaster housing including increased FEMA/Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) cooperation, the use of the case management authority, the repair and renovation of private rental housing units, and the use of alternative manufactured housing. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Sep 16 2009, 27 pp.
AU  - McCarthy, Francis X
Y1  - 2009/09/16/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Sep 16
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - International relations - International relief and humanitarian assistance
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Housing
KW  - Population groups, population policy, and demographics - Migrants and migration
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Public welfare and social services
KW  - Business and service sector - Business management
KW  - Disaster relief
KW  - Shelters (social service)
KW  - Management
KW  - United States Housing and urban development department
KW  - Housing
KW  - Standards
KW  - Internally displaced persons
KW  - Rental housing
KW  - United States Federal emergency management agency
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58830569?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=McCarthy%2C+Francis+X&rft.aulast=McCarthy&rft.aufirst=Francis&rft.date=2009-09-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=FEMA+Disaster+Housing%3A+From+Sheltering+to+Permanent+Housing&rft.title=FEMA+Disaster+Housing%3A+From+Sheltering+to+Permanent+Housing&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40810_20090916.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40810
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - F-35 Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) Program: Background and Issues for Congress
AN  - 58827653; 2008-423459
AB  - Procurement of F-35 Joint Strike Fighters (JSFs) began in FY2007, and current DOD plans call for acquiring a total of 2,456 JSFs for the Air Force, Marine Corps, and Navy at an estimated total acquisition cost of about 246 billion dollars in constant (ie, inflation-adjusted) FY2009 dollars. The F-35 alternate engine program has emerged as a major item of debate on the FY2010 defense budget, but the Obama administration opposes further funding for the alternate engine program and has threatened to veto the FY2010 defense authorization or appropriation bill if either "would seriously disrupt" the F-35 program. Tables, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Sep 16 2009, 102 pp.
AU  - O'Rourke, Ronald
Y1  - 2009/09/16/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Sep 16
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military equipment and weapons
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military planning, strategy, and operations
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Public finance
KW  - Military and defense policy - National defense
KW  - Obama, Barack
KW  - Military planning
KW  - Purchasing, Military and naval
KW  - Airplanes, Military
KW  - Budget, Government
KW  - United States Defense department
KW  - National defense
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58827653?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=O%27Rourke%2C+Ronald&rft.aulast=O%27Rourke&rft.aufirst=Ronald&rft.date=2009-09-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=F-35+Joint+Strike+Fighter+%28JSF%29+Program%3A+Background+and+Issues+for+Congress&rft.title=F-35+Joint+Strike+Fighter+%28JSF%29+Program%3A+Background+and+Issues+for+Congress&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL30563_20090916.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL30563
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Genetic variation of gross gill pathology and survival of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) during natural amoebic gill disease challenge
AN  - 20694878; 10257641
AB  - Survival in an experimental disease challenge test or to natural disease challenge is utilised by aquaculture breeding programs as the selection trait for disease resistance. However, these trials are expensive and do not offer the ability to retest animals. The aim of this study was therefore to estimate genetic parameters for resistance to amoebic gill disease (AGD) measured by a categorical scale of gross gill signs (''gill score'') and survival in a field challenge in order to establish whether gill score provides adequate measurement of genetic variation for AGD resistance compared to an AGD challenge survival. A total of 1504 Atlantic salmon smolt, representing 140 full-sib families, was transferred to a marine site in SE Tasmania. The gills were assessed by gill score prior to freshwater bathing on the first two rounds of infection, and then the disease was allowed to develop until mortalities began. Gill score was reassessed after 50days and mortality was allowed to continue until it had reached a plateau at 100days. The overall survival rate was 32.3% but varied from 0% to 69% between families. Estimated narrow sense heritability for AGD resistance assessed by gill score varied between 0.23 and 0.48 over the three rounds of infection. Heritability of AGD survival challenge was 0.40 to 0.49 on the observed scale using binary and longitudinal measures. Gill score and survival showed a weak (-0.19) to strong (-0.96) negative genetic correlation which improved when assessed closer to the survival challenge. Estimated genetic gains by selection of the top one hundred estimated breeding values for gill score indicated that up to 82% of the expected gain in survival can be achieved when compared to estimated gain by selection upon survival (days to death), thus minimising selection costs and improving fish welfare whilst allowing repeat measures to be made. The results show that genetic variation of gill score at the early onset of losses closely compares with survival results if the disease is allowed to progress without subsequent freshwater bathing. Gill score may therefore be utilised as a nondestructive and repeatable selection trait for breeding Atlantic salmon with greater resistance to AGD.
JF  - Aquaculture
AU  - Taylor, R S
AU  - Kube, P D
AU  - Muller, W J
AU  - Elliott, NG
AD  - CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, GPO Box 1538, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia, richard.taylor@csiro.au
Y1  - 2009/09/16/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Sep 16
SP  - 172
EP  - 179
PB  - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/]
VL  - 294
IS  - 3-4
SN  - 0044-8486, 0044-8486
KW  - Atlantic salmon
KW  - ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources
KW  - Marine
KW  - Mortality
KW  - Freshwater environments
KW  - Anadromous species
KW  - Smolts
KW  - Gill disease
KW  - Brackish
KW  - Survival
KW  - Genetic diversity
KW  - Disease resistance
KW  - Freshwater
KW  - Infection
KW  - Aquaculture
KW  - Salmo salar
KW  - Breeding
KW  - Fish diseases
KW  - Scales
KW  - Heritability
KW  - Gills
KW  - Fish culture
KW  - Neoparamoeba
KW  - G 07790:Other Microorganisms
KW  - Q4 27790:Fish
KW  - Q1 08587:Diseases of Cultured Organisms
KW  - O 5060:Aquaculture
KW  - Q3 08587:Diseases of Cultured Organisms
KW  - X 24300:Methods
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20694878?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquaculture&rft.atitle=Genetic+variation+of+gross+gill+pathology+and+survival+of+Atlantic+salmon+%28Salmo+salar+L.%29+during+natural+amoebic+gill+disease+challenge&rft.au=Taylor%2C+R+S%3BKube%2C+P+D%3BMuller%2C+W+J%3BElliott%2C+NG&rft.aulast=Taylor&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2009-09-16&rft.volume=294&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=172&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquaculture&rft.issn=00448486&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.aquaculture.2009.06.007
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-05
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fish diseases; Anadromous species; Smolts; Gill disease; Disease resistance; Fish culture; Gills; Mortality; Breeding; Freshwater environments; Scales; Genetic diversity; Survival; Infection; Aquaculture; Heritability; Salmo salar; Neoparamoeba; Freshwater; Brackish; Marine
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2009.06.007
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - A cluster-optimizing regression-based approach for precipitation spatial downscaling in mountainous terrain
AN  - 20795809; 10879501
AB  - Precipitation temporal and spatial variability often controls terrestrial hydrological processes and states. Common remote-sensing and modeling precipitation products have a spatial resolution that is often too coarse to reveal hydrologically important spatial variability. A statistical algorithm was developed for downscaling low-resolution spatial precipitation fields. This algorithm auto-searches precipitation spatial structures (rain-pixel clusters), and orographic effects on precipitation distribution without prior knowledge of atmospheric setting. It is composed of three components: rain-pixel clustering, multivariate regression, and random cascade. The only required input data for the downscaling algorithm are coarse-pixel precipitation map and a topographic map. The algorithm was demonstrated with 4kmx4km Next Generation Radar (NEXRAD) precipitation fields, and tested by downscaling NEXRAD-aggregated 16kmx16km precipitation fields to 4kmx4km pixel precipitation, which was then compared to the original NEXRAD data. The demonstration and testing were performed at both daily and hourly temporal resolutions for the northern New Mexico mountainous terrain and the central Texas Hill Country. The algorithm downscaled daily precipitation fields are in good agreement with the original 4kmx4km NEXRAD precipitation, as measured by precipitation spatial structures and the statistics between the downscaling and the original NEXRAD precipitation maps. For three daily precipitation events, downscaled precipitation map reproduces precipitation variance of the disaggregation field, and with Pearson correlation coefficients between the downscaled map and the NEXRAD map of 0.65, 0.71, and 0.80. The algorithm does not perform as well on downscaling hourly precipitation fields at the examined scale range (from 16km to 4km), which underestimates precipitation variance of the disaggregation field. For a scale range from 4km to 1km, the algorithm has potential to perform well at both daily and hourly precipitation fields, indicated from good regression performance.
JF  - Journal of Hydrology (Amsterdam)
AU  - Guan, H
AU  - Wilson, J L
AU  - Xie, H
AD  - Physics and Earth Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, Australia, huade.guan@flinders.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/09/15/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Sep 15
SP  - 578
EP  - 588
PB  - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/]
VL  - 375
IS  - 3-4
SN  - 0022-1694, 0022-1694
KW  - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Environment Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts
KW  - hills
KW  - Variability
KW  - Statistics
KW  - Rainfall
KW  - Ecological distribution
KW  - Algorithms
KW  - Statistical analysis
KW  - Correlations
KW  - Topographic effects
KW  - Maps
KW  - Mountains
KW  - Spatial variations
KW  - Hydrologic Models
KW  - Regression analysis
KW  - Hydrology
KW  - Orographic effects on precipitation distribution
KW  - Daily precipitation
KW  - Hydrologic Data
KW  - Spatial variability
KW  - Testing Procedures
KW  - USA, New Mexico
KW  - Hydrologic analysis
KW  - Mathematical models
KW  - Precipitation
KW  - Radar
KW  - USA, Texas
KW  - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics
KW  - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies
KW  - M2 556:General (556)
KW  - SW 0815:Precipitation
KW  - ENA 01:Air Pollution
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.atitle=A+cluster-optimizing+regression-based+approach+for+precipitation+spatial+downscaling+in+mountainous+terrain&rft.au=Guan%2C+H%3BWilson%2C+J+L%3BXie%2C+H&rft.aulast=Guan&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2009-09-15&rft.volume=375&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=578&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jhydrol.2009.07.007
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-09-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-05
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Spatial variations; Mathematical models; Ecological distribution; Regression analysis; Hydrology; Topographic effects; Hydrologic analysis; Radar; Correlations; Statistical analysis; Algorithms; Orographic effects on precipitation distribution; Precipitation; Daily precipitation; Spatial variability; Mountains; hills; Rainfall; Testing Procedures; Variability; Hydrologic Models; Statistics; Maps; Hydrologic Data; USA, New Mexico; USA, Texas
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.07.007
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The Role of Federal Gasoline Excise Taxes in Public Policy
AN  - 58822344; 2008-423462
AB  - Federal gasoline taxes are used specifically to fund annual highway construction, maintenance, and mass transit; and over the years, proposals have come forth to raise the federal tax to address long-standing national policy concerns, including US dependence on imported oil and various environmental problems related to large volumes of gasoline consumption. Opponents of gasoline tax increases point to the effects on consumer and business spending, especially in a time of needed economic recovery, and argue that the gasoline tax has a regressive impact and affects rural areas disproportionately. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Sep 11 2009, 8 pp.
AU  - Pirog, Robert
Y1  - 2009/09/11/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Sep 11
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Energy resources and policy - Petroleum and natural gas industries and products
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Taxation and tax policy
KW  - Transportation and transportation policy - Roads and land transport
KW  - Transportation and transportation policy - Transportation
KW  - Transportation and transportation policy - Urban transport
KW  - Business and service sector - Business finance
KW  - United States
KW  - Gasoline industry
KW  - Transportation
KW  - Finance
KW  - Mass transit
KW  - Excise tax
KW  - Tax policy
KW  - Highways
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58822344?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Pirog%2C+Robert&rft.aulast=Pirog&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2009-09-11&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+Role+of+Federal+Gasoline+Excise+Taxes+in+Public+Policy&rft.title=The+Role+of+Federal+Gasoline+Excise+Taxes+in+Public+Policy&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40808_20090911.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40808
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Alaska's Strategic Role in the Defense of the United States and the Vital Role of Missile Defense
AN  - 58835771; 2010-476707
AB  - Alaska is sixth among all states and territories in volume of personnel serving in Iraq and Afghanistan and is a very important component in America's missile defense system, which overall is 90% accurate because of robust testing and better technology. In addition, energy independence is critical if the US is to have more flexibility both in US national defense and in dealing with international affairs. Tables.
JF  - Heritage Foundation, Sep 10 2009, 6 pp.
AU  - Begich, Mark
Y1  - 2009/09/10/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Sep 10
PB  - Heritage Foundation
KW  - International relations - War
KW  - United States
KW  - Defenses
KW  - War
KW  - Alaska
KW  - Technology
KW  - National defense
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58835771?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Begich%2C+Mark&rft.aulast=Begich&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2009-09-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Alaska%27s+Strategic+Role+in+the+Defense+of+the+United+States+and+the+Vital+Role+of+Missile+Defense&rft.title=Alaska%27s+Strategic+Role+in+the+Defense+of+the+United+States+and+the+Vital+Role+of+Missile+Defense&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://www.heritage.org/Research/BallisticMissileDefense/upload/hl_1133.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-04-07
N1  - Publication note - Heritage Foundation, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - Heritage Lecture no. 1133
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Authoritative Resources on the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA)
AN  - 58830309; 2008-423464
AB  - Provides a list of authoritative resources designed to assist in responding to a broad range of constituent questions and concerns about the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA -- P.L. 111-5). Links to the full text of the act, Congressional Budget Office (CBO) estimates, White House fact sheets, and federal, state, and municipal government websites are included, along with other useful information. Tables, Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Sep 10 2009, 8 pp.
AU  - Klarman, Kim Walker
AU  - Jennings, Julie
Y1  - 2009/09/10/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Sep 10
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - United States
KW  - Economic stabilization
KW  - Legislation
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58830309?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Klarman%2C+Kim+Walker%3BJennings%2C+Julie&rft.aulast=Klarman&rft.aufirst=Kim&rft.date=2009-09-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Authoritative+Resources+on+the+American+Recovery+and+Reinvestment+Act+of+2009+%28ARRA%29&rft.title=Authoritative+Resources+on+the+American+Recovery+and+Reinvestment+Act+of+2009+%28ARRA%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40244_20090910.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40244
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Turkmenistan: Recent Developments and U.S. Interests
AN  - 58828406; 2008-423463
AB  - This report examines the political, economic, and foreign policies undertaken by Turkmenistan's President Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow, who came to power in late 2006. The report discusses US policy and assistance and provides basic facts and biographical information. Tables, Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Sep 10 2009, 9 pp.
AU  - Nichol, Jim
Y1  - 2009/09/10/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Sep 10
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - International relations - International relations
KW  - United States
KW  - Turkmenistan
KW  - Economic relations
KW  - Berdimuhammedow, Gurbanguly M.
KW  - Government and politics
KW  - Foreign relations
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58828406?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Nichol%2C+Jim&rft.aulast=Nichol&rft.aufirst=Jim&rft.date=2009-09-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Turkmenistan%3A+Recent+Developments+and+U.S.+Interests&rft.title=Turkmenistan%3A+Recent+Developments+and+U.S.+Interests&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/97-1055_20090910.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, 97-1055
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Amber Alert Program Technology
AN  - 58828577; 2008-423465
AB  - Amber Alerts (also referred to as AMBER plans) use technology to disseminate information about child abductions in a timely manner since most abducted children murdered by their kidnappers are killed within three hours of the abduction. Technologies used for alerts include the Emergency Alert System (EAS), highway messages boards, telephone alert systems, the Internet, text messaging, and email; and because kidnappers can cross state lines with their victims, the Department of Justice will often be involved in responding to an abduction. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Sep 9 2009, 4 pp.
AU  - Moore, Linda K
Y1  - 2009/09/09/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Sep 09
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Administration of justice - Crime and criminals
KW  - Population groups, population policy, and demographics - Children and youth
KW  - Education and education policy - Information services and sources
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - Science and technology policy - Technology and technology policy
KW  - Government - Intergovernmental relations
KW  - Administration of justice - Police and law enforcement
KW  - Infrastructure
KW  - Information
KW  - Kidnapping
KW  - Law enforcement
KW  - Interstate cooperation
KW  - Emergency preparedness
KW  - Children
KW  - Technology
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58828577?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Moore%2C+Linda+K&rft.aulast=Moore&rft.aufirst=Linda&rft.date=2009-09-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Amber+Alert+Program+Technology&rft.title=Amber+Alert+Program+Technology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RS21453_20090909.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RS21453
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Japan's Historic 2009 Elections: Implications for U.S. Interests
AN  - 58831810; 2008-423469
AB  - The Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ), now Japan's main ruling party, advocates sweeping economic and administrative reforms and has called for a "proactive" foreign policy with greater "independence" from the US through deeper engagement with Asia and a more United Nations-oriented diplomacy. This report analyzes the DPJ's policy platform and reviews the implications for US strategic and economic interests now that the party and its coalition allies are set to take control of the Japanese government in the wake of the August 30, 2009, parliamentary elections. Tables, Figures, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Sep 8 2009, 14 pp.
AU  - Konishi, Weston S
Y1  - 2009/09/08/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Sep 08
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Politics - Elections and voting
KW  - International relations - International relations
KW  - International relations - Diplomacy
KW  - United States
KW  - Elections
KW  - Economic relations
KW  - Diplomacy
KW  - Foreign relations
KW  - Japan
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58831810?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Konishi%2C+Weston+S&rft.aulast=Konishi&rft.aufirst=Weston&rft.date=2009-09-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Japan%27s+Historic+2009+Elections%3A+Implications+for+U.S.+Interests&rft.title=Japan%27s+Historic+2009+Elections%3A+Implications+for+U.S.+Interests&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40758_20090908.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40758
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Use of Trademarks as Keywords to Trigger Internet Search Engine Advertisements
AN  - 58830584; 2008-423468
AB  - The use of trademarks in connection with Internet-based advertising has sparked disputes between trademark owners, advertisers, and Internet search engine operators over whether such activity violates federal trademark law -- Specifically, trademark owners have expressed concern over the sale of their trademarks by Internet search engines to third parties that want to have "banner" advertisements, "sponsored links," or "sponsored results" appear on a search results Web page when those trademarked words are entered as a search query. This report provides a summary and analysis of judicial opinions that have developed the current state of trademark law governing keyword-triggered advertising. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Sep 8 2009, 14 pp.
AU  - Yeh, Brian T
Y1  - 2009/09/08/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Sep 08
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Law and ethics - Intellectual property, copyright, patent, and trademark law
KW  - Science and technology policy - Computer science and information technology
KW  - Business and service sector - Advertising and public relations
KW  - Business and service sector - Markets, marketing, and merchandising
KW  - Search engines
KW  - Sales
KW  - Marketing
KW  - Copyright
KW  - Advertising
KW  - Trade marks and names
KW  - Internet
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40799_20090908.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40799
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Dispute Settlement in the World Trade Organization (WTO): An Overview
AN  - 58826245; 2008-423466
AB  - Dispute settlement in the World Trade Organization (WTO) is carried out under the WTO Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes (DSU). In effect since January 1995, the DSU provides for consultations between disputing parties, panels and appeals, and possible retaliation if a defending party fails to comply with a WTO decision by an established deadline. To date, 398 complaints have been filed, approximately half involving the US as complainant or defendant; and this report describes dispute procedures and the US reaction to dispute settlements. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Sep 8 2009, 12 pp.
AU  - Grimmett, Jeanne J
Y1  - 2009/09/08/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Sep 08
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - International relations - Diplomacy
KW  - International relations - International organizations
KW  - International relations - International relations
KW  - United States
KW  - World trade organization
KW  - Economic relations
KW  - Dispute settlement
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RS20088_20090908.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RS20088
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Energy Projects on Federal Lands: Leasing and Authorization
AN  - 58819443; 2008-423467
AB  - A variety of statutes and agency regulations govern leasing and permitting for energy projects, including oil and natural gas development as well as alternative energy projects, such as geothermal, wind, and solar energy, on federal lands. This report explains the legal framework for energy leasing and development on federal lands and reviews laws and regulations affecting leasing of federal lands for exploration and production of oil and natural gas, which have evolved under a complex leasing system over the last century. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Sep 8 2009, 18 pp.
AU  - Vann, Adam
Y1  - 2009/09/08/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Sep 08
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Environment and environmental policy - Ecology and environmental policy
KW  - Energy resources and policy - Energy policy
KW  - Energy resources and policy - Renewable energy sources
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - Energy policy
KW  - Natural resources
KW  - Law
KW  - Regulation
KW  - Public lands
KW  - Renewable energy sources
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40806_20090908.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40806
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Potential Farm Sector Effects of 2009 H1N1 "Swine Flu": Questions and Answers
AN  - 58834239; 2010-442852
AB  - Reports of the 2009 H1N1 outbreak -- coupled with calling it "swine flu" -- initially caused a downturn in domestic and international pork markets. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the World Health Organization (WHO), and the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) confirm that there is no evidence that the 2009 H1N1 virus is transmitted by food and that humans cannot get the illness from eating properly handled pork or pork products; and officials are strongly urging US trading partners to base any food safety measures on scientific evidence and to act in accordance with their international obligations. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Sep 4 2009, 13 pp.
AU  - Johnson, Renee
Y1  - 2009/09/04/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Sep 04
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Diseases and disorders
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Health and health policy
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Food and nutrition
KW  - Agriculture and agricultural policy - Agricultural economics and farm holdings
KW  - Business and service sector - Markets, marketing, and merchandising
KW  - Influenza
KW  - Farms
KW  - Food safety
KW  - Markets
KW  - Communicable diseases
KW  - Public health
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40575_20090904.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40575
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Irrigated Shiraz vines (Vitis vinifera) upregulate gas exchange and maintain berry growth in response to short spells of high maximum temperature in the field
AN  - 853469616; 13811898
AB  - We tested the hypotheses that (i) a short period of high maximum temperature disrupts gas exchange and arrests berry growth and sugar accumulation in irrigated Shiraz vines (Vitis vinifera L.), and (ii) the magnitude of these effects depend on the phenological window when stress occur. Using a system combining passive heating (greenhouse effect) and active cooling (fans) to control daytime temperature, we compared vines heated to a nominal maximum of 40C for three consecutive days and untreated controls. Maximum air temperature in heated treatments was 7.3C (2006-07) and 6.5C (2007-08) above ambient. Heat episodes were aligned with the beginning of a weekly irrigation cycle and applied in one of four phenological windows, namely post-fruit set, pre-veraison, veraison and pre-harvest. Heating systems did not affect relative humidity, hence vapour pressure deficit (VPD) was increased in the heated treatments and tracked the daily cycle of temperature. Heat did not affect the dynamics of berry growth and sugar accumulation, except for a 16% reduction in berry size and sugar content in vines heated shortly after fruit set in 2006-07. Vines upregulated stomatal conductance and gas exchange in response to heat. Stomatal conductance, photosynthesis and transpiration at a common VPD were consistently higher in heated vines than in controls. We suggest that stomatal behaviour previously described as part of Shiraz anisohydric syndrome may be adaptive in terms of heat tolerance at the expense of short-term transpiration efficiency.
JF  - Functional Plant Biology
AU  - Soar, Chris J
AU  - Collins, Marisa J
AU  - Sadras, Victor O
AD  - South Australian Research and Development Institute, GPO Box 397, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia, sadras.victor@saugov.sa.gov.au
Y1  - 2009/09/03/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Sep 03
SP  - 801
EP  - 814
PB  - CSIRO Publishing, PO Box 1139 Collingwood Vic. 3066 Australia
VL  - 36
IS  - 9
SN  - 1445-4408, 1445-4408
KW  - Water Resources Abstracts
KW  - Accumulation
KW  - Heat
KW  - SW 1060:Conservation in agricultural use
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/853469616?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Functional+Plant+Biology&rft.atitle=Irrigated+Shiraz+vines+%28Vitis+vinifera%29+upregulate+gas+exchange+and+maintain+berry+growth+in+response+to+short+spells+of+high+maximum+temperature+in+the+field&rft.au=Soar%2C+Chris+J%3BCollins%2C+Marisa+J%3BSadras%2C+Victor+O&rft.aulast=Soar&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft.date=2009-09-03&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=801&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Functional+Plant+Biology&rft.issn=14454408&rft_id=info:doi/10.1071%2FFP09101
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2011-02-01
N1  - Number of references - 1
N1  - Last updated - 2014-02-21
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Heat
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/FP09101
ER  - 



TY  - CPAPER
T1  - Responses to Reagan: Congressional Actions to Deny Executive Designs
T2  - 105th Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association
AN  - 42407939; 5391178
JF  - 105th Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association
AU  - Ginsberg, Wendy
Y1  - 2009/09/03/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Sep 03
KW  - U 7000:Multidisciplinary
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42407939?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=105th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Political+Science+Association&rft.atitle=Responses+to+Reagan%3A+Congressional+Actions+to+Deny+Executive+Designs&rft.au=Ginsberg%2C+Wendy&rft.aulast=Ginsberg&rft.aufirst=Wendy&rft.date=2009-09-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=105th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Political+Science+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://www.apsanet.org/_pdf/2009program.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-04-06
N1  - Last updated - 2010-05-03
ER  - 



TY  - CPAPER
T1  - Managing Uncertainty in the U.S. Senate: Procedural Innovation and Routinization
T2  - 105th Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association
AN  - 42395408; 5389901
JF  - 105th Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association
AU  - Beth, Richard
AU  - Heitshusen, Valerie
AU  - Heniff Jr, Bill
AU  - Rybicki, Elizabeth
Y1  - 2009/09/03/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Sep 03
KW  - USA
KW  - Innovations
KW  - U 7000:Multidisciplinary
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L2  - http://www.apsanet.org/_pdf/2009program.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-04-06
N1  - Last updated - 2010-05-03
ER  - 



TY  - CPAPER
T1  - The Politics of Shared Power in the 'War on Terror'
T2  - 105th Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association
AN  - 42391053; 5392573
JF  - 105th Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association
AU  - Fisher, Louis
AU  - Oldmeadow, Anna
Y1  - 2009/09/03/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Sep 03
KW  - Politics
KW  - War
KW  - U 7000:Multidisciplinary
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42391053?accountid=14244
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L2  - http://www.apsanet.org/_pdf/2009program.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-04-06
N1  - Last updated - 2010-05-03
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Russian Energy Policy toward Neighboring Countries
AN  - 58843703; 2010-442849
AB  - Russian firms have tried to purchase a controlling stake in pipelines, ports, storage facilities, and other key energy assets of the countries of central and eastern Europe; and many countries of the region are concerned that Russia may use their energy dependency to interfere in their domestic affairs or to force them to make foreign policy concessions. The US has strongly advocated the building of multiple pipelines from Central Asia and Azerbaijan to Europe. Tables, Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Sep 2 2009, 22 pp.
AU  - Woehrel, Steven
Y1  - 2009/09/02/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Sep 02
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Energy resources and policy - Energy policy
KW  - International relations - International relations
KW  - Transportation and transportation policy - Maritime and inland water transport
KW  - United States
KW  - Energy policy
KW  - Economic relations
KW  - Europe
KW  - Pipelines
KW  - Russian Federation
KW  - Central Asia
KW  - Ports
KW  - book
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Woehrel%2C+Steven&rft.aulast=Woehrel&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2009-09-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Russian+Energy+Policy+toward+Neighboring+Countries&rft.title=Russian+Energy+Policy+toward+Neighboring+Countries&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL34261_20090902.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL34261
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Angiopoietin-like Protein 2 Promotes Chronic Adipose Tissue Inflammation and Obesity-Related Systemic Insulin Resistance
AN  - 21118888; 11088275
AB  - Recent studies of obesity have provided new insights into the mechanisms underlying insulin resistance and metabolic dysregulation. Numerous efforts have been made to identify key regulators of obesity-linked adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance. We found that angiopoietin-like protein 2 (Angptl2) was secreted by adipose tissue and that its circulating level was closely related to adiposity, systemic insulin resistance, and inflammation in both mice and humans. Angptl2 activated an inflammatory cascade in endothelial cells via integrin signaling and induced chemotaxis of monocytes/macrophages. Constitutive Angptl2 activation in vivo induced inflammation of the vasculature characterized by abundant attachment of leukocytes to the vessel walls and increased permeability. Angptl2 deletion ameliorated adipose tissue inflammation and systemic insulin resistance in diet-induced obese mice. Conversely, Angptl2 overexpression in adipose tissue caused local inflammation and systemic insulin resistance in nonobese mice. Thus, Angptl2 is a key adipocyte-derived inflammatory mediator that links obesity to systemic insulin resistance.
JF  - Cell Metabolism
AU  - Tabata, Mitsuhisa
AU  - Kadomatsu, Tsuyoshi
AU  - Fukuhara, Shigetomo
AU  - Miyata, Keishi
AU  - Ito, Yasuhiro
AU  - Endo, Motoyoshi
AU  - Urano, Takashi
AU  - Zhu, Hui Juan
AU  - Tsukano, Hiroto
AU  - Tazume, Hirokazu
AU  - Kaikita, Koichi
AU  - Miyashita, Kazuya
AU  - Iwawaki, Takao
AU  - Shimabukuro, Michio
AU  - Sakaguchi, Kazuhiko
AU  - Ito, Takaaki
AU  - Nakagata, Naomi
AU  - Yamada, Tetsuya
AU  - Katagiri, Hideki
AU  - Kasuga, Masato
AU  - Ando, Yukio
AU  - Ogawa, Hisao
AU  - Mochizuki, Naoki
AU  - Itoh, Hiroshi
AU  - Suda, Toshio
AU  - Oike, Yuichi
AD  - Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan, oike@gpo.kumamoto-u.ac.jp
Y1  - 2009/09/02/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Sep 02
SP  - 178
EP  - 188
PB  - Cell Press, 1100 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge MA 02138 USA
VL  - 10
IS  - 3
SN  - 1550-4131, 1550-4131
KW  - Physical Education Index
KW  - Obesity
KW  - Promotion
KW  - Animal subjects
KW  - Proteins
KW  - Fats
KW  - Hormones
KW  - Inflammation
KW  - PE 090:Sports Medicine & Exercise Sport Science
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aphysicaleducation&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cell+Metabolism&rft.atitle=Angiopoietin-like+Protein+2+Promotes+Chronic+Adipose+Tissue+Inflammation+and+Obesity-Related+Systemic+Insulin+Resistance&rft.au=Tabata%2C+Mitsuhisa%3BKadomatsu%2C+Tsuyoshi%3BFukuhara%2C+Shigetomo%3BMiyata%2C+Keishi%3BIto%2C+Yasuhiro%3BEndo%2C+Motoyoshi%3BUrano%2C+Takashi%3BZhu%2C+Hui+Juan%3BTsukano%2C+Hiroto%3BTazume%2C+Hirokazu%3BKaikita%2C+Koichi%3BMiyashita%2C+Kazuya%3BIwawaki%2C+Takao%3BShimabukuro%2C+Michio%3BSakaguchi%2C+Kazuhiko%3BIto%2C+Takaaki%3BNakagata%2C+Naomi%3BYamada%2C+Tetsuya%3BKatagiri%2C+Hideki%3BKasuga%2C+Masato%3BAndo%2C+Yukio%3BOgawa%2C+Hisao%3BMochizuki%2C+Naoki%3BItoh%2C+Hiroshi%3BSuda%2C+Toshio%3BOike%2C+Yuichi&rft.aulast=Tabata&rft.aufirst=Mitsuhisa&rft.date=2009-09-02&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=178&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cell+Metabolism&rft.issn=15504131&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.cmet.2009.08.003
LA  - English
DB  - Physical Education Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hormones; Inflammation; Fats; Obesity; Animal subjects; Proteins; Promotion
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2009.08.003
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Global Securitized Subprime Market Crisis
AN  - 745605982; 12507485
AB  - This paper examines the global securitized subprime crisis through the lens of core general principles of political economy. The principle of historical specificity is used to situate the crisis in cycles and historical time. The principle of circular and cumulative causation scrutinizes the role of multiple factors and how they cumulatively impact on the system. The principle of contradiction explores the relationship between finance and industry through deregulation and changing industrial leadership at the global level. The principles of financial innovation and heterogeneous agents link to the intricacies of the different roles of economic agents in the circuit of mortgages and securitization. And finally the principle of risk and uncertainty examines the contradictory role of complex institutions and calculative models of risk in the generation of high systemic uncertainty during booms in the cycle.
JF  - Review of Radical Political Economics
AU  - O'Hara, Phillip Anthony
AD  - Global Political Economy Research Unit, Curtin Business School, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Australia. 6845, philoharal@yahoo.com
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Sep 2009
SP  - 318
EP  - 334
PB  - Sage Publications Ltd., 6 Bonhill St. London EC2A 4PU UK
VL  - 41
IS  - 3
SN  - 0486-6134, 0486-6134
KW  - Risk Abstracts
KW  - Historical account
KW  - deregulation
KW  - Crises
KW  - Politics
KW  - Globalization
KW  - loans
KW  - Reviews
KW  - Economics
KW  - innovations
KW  - R2 23070:Economics, organization
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-05-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - loans; Historical account; deregulation; Politics; Crises; Reviews; Economics; Globalization; innovations
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0486613409336179
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Protection for Pre-1972 Sound Recordings under State Law and Its Impact on Use by Nonprofit Institutions: A 10-State Analysis. CLIR Publication No. 146
AN  - 742873622; ED509214
AB  - This is the third of three studies of copyright and sound recordings commissioned by the National Recording Preservation Board (NRPB) in support of the congressionally mandated study of the state of audio preservation in the United States. All three studies have focused on how laws pertaining to sound recordings made before 1972 affect preservation of and access to audio recordings. As readers of the previous two studies know, sound recordings made before February 15, 1972, do not benefit from federal copyright protection. In the absence of a national law, in the late 1960s and early 1970s, individual states passed anti-piracy and other laws to protect producers of sound recordings from unauthorized duplication and sale of recordings. In this study, Professor Peter Jaszi and students in the Program on Information Justice and Intellectual Property at American University's Washington College of Law examine criminal and civil laws of 10 states, as well as judicial decisions and common law, pertaining to sound recordings fixed before 1972. The authors provide a brief history of the formulation of these laws and examine the laws and court cases that may determine the extent to which nonprofit institutions may preserve and disseminate pre-1972 recordings. (Contains 489 footnotes.) [This paper was prepared by the the Program on Information Justice and Intellectual Property, Washington College of Law, American University under the supervision of Peter Jaszi with the assistance of Nick Lewis. It was commissioned for and sponsored by the National Recording Preservation Board of the Library of Congress and co-published by the Council on Library and Information Resources and the Library of Congress. For "Copyright and Related Issues Relevant to Digital Preservation and Dissemination of Unpublished Pre-1972 Sound Recordings by Libraries and Archives," see ED509213. For "Copyright Issues Relevant to Digital Preservation and Dissemination of Pre-1972 Commercial Sound Recordings by Libraries and Archives. CLIR Publication No. 135," see ED509330.]
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - September 2009
SP  - 101
PB  - Council on Library and Information Resources. 1755 Massachusetts Avenue NW Suite 500, Washington, DC 20036.
KW  - Common Law
KW  - United States
KW  - Alabama
KW  - California
KW  - Florida
KW  - Illinois
KW  - Massachusetts
KW  - New Jersey
KW  - New York
KW  - North Carolina
KW  - Ohio
KW  - Wisconsin
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Crime
KW  - State Legislation
KW  - Content Analysis
KW  - Copyrights
KW  - Laws
KW  - Access to Information
KW  - Audio Equipment
KW  - Ownership
KW  - Court Litigation
KW  - Preservation
KW  - Nonprint Media
KW  - Time Perspective
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ERIC&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2009-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=9781932326345&rft.btitle=Protection+for+Pre-1972+Sound+Recordings+under+State+Law+and+Its+Impact+on+Use+by+Nonprofit+Institutions%3A+A+10-State+Analysis.+CLIR+Publication+No.+146&rft.title=Protection+for+Pre-1972+Sound+Recordings+under+State+Law+and+Its+Impact+on+Use+by+Nonprofit+Institutions%3A+A+10-State+Analysis.+CLIR+Publication+No.+146&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Clinical efficacy and safety of zoledronic acid in prostate and breast cancer.
AN  - 67661968; 19761424
AB  - The anti-estrogen treatment for hormone-sensitive breast cancer and the androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer can lead to the development of osteoporosis and bone fractures. Metastases associated with prostate and breast cancer can also occur in bone. Bisphosphonates are used in these types of bone dysfunction. Zoledronic acid is the most potent bisphosphonate. In osteoporosis, zoledronic acid inhibits bone reabsorption and increases bone mineral density for at least a year after intravenous administration. The efficacy and safety of zoledronic acid in osteoporosis secondary to hormone-sensitive cancers (prostate and breast), and in the bone metastases associated with these cancers are reviewed.
JF  - Expert review of anticancer therapy
AU  - Doggrell, Sheila A
AD  - School of Life Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, GPO Box 2334, QLD 4001, Australia. sheila.doggrell@qut.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - September 2009
SP  - 1211
EP  - 1218
VL  - 9
IS  - 9
KW  - Bone Density Conservation Agents
KW  - 0
KW  - Diphosphonates
KW  - Imidazoles
KW  - zoledronic acid
KW  - 6XC1PAD3KF
KW  - Index Medicus
KW  - Bone Density -- drug effects
KW  - Animals
KW  - Bone Density Conservation Agents -- therapeutic use
KW  - Humans
KW  - Bone Neoplasms -- drug therapy
KW  - Bone Density Conservation Agents -- pharmacology
KW  - Clinical Trials as Topic
KW  - Male
KW  - Female
KW  - Bone Neoplasms -- secondary
KW  - Bone Density Conservation Agents -- adverse effects
KW  - Diphosphonates -- pharmacology
KW  - Breast Neoplasms -- drug therapy
KW  - Prostatic Neoplasms -- pathology
KW  - Diphosphonates -- therapeutic use
KW  - Imidazoles -- pharmacology
KW  - Diphosphonates -- adverse effects
KW  - Breast Neoplasms -- pathology
KW  - Imidazoles -- therapeutic use
KW  - Prostatic Neoplasms -- drug therapy
KW  - Imidazoles -- adverse effects
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date completed - 2009-11-17
N1  - Date created - 2009-09-18
N1  - Date revised - 2017-01-13
N1  - Last updated - 2017-01-18
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1586/era.09.95
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Greywater treatment by UVC/H2O2.
AN  - 67645963; 19656542
AB  - Greywater treatment by UVC/H(2)O(2) was investigated with regard to the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD). A COD reduction from 225 to 30 mgl(-1) (overall removal of 87%) was achieved after settling overnight and subsequent irradiation for 3h with 10mM H(2)O(2). Most of the contaminants were removed by oxidation since only 13% COD was removed by settlement. The removal of COD in the greywater followed a second-order kinetic equation, r=0.0637[COD][H(2)O(2)], up to 10mM H(2)O(2). A slightly enhanced COD removal was observed at the initial pH of 10 compared with pH 3 and 7. This was attributed to the dissociation of H(2)O(2) to O(2)H(-). The treatment was not affected by total concentration of carbonate (c(T)) of at least 3 mM, above which operation between pH 3 and 5 was essential. The initial biodegradability of the settled greywater (as BOD(5):COD) was 0.22. After 2h UVC/H(2)O(2) treatment, a higher proportion of the residual contaminants was biodegradable (BOD(5):COD=0.41) which indicated its potential as a pre-treatment for a biological process.
JF  - Water research
AU  - Chin, W H
AU  - Roddick, F A
AU  - Harris, J L
AD  - School of Civil, Environmental, and Chemical Engineering, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476V, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia.
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - September 2009
SP  - 3940
EP  - 3947
VL  - 43
IS  - 16
KW  - Anions
KW  - 0
KW  - Bicarbonates
KW  - Carbonates
KW  - Chlorides
KW  - Water Pollutants
KW  - Hydrogen Peroxide
KW  - BBX060AN9V
KW  - Oxygen
KW  - S88TT14065
KW  - Index Medicus
KW  - Bicarbonates -- analysis
KW  - Water Pollutants -- analysis
KW  - Carbonates -- analysis
KW  - Anions -- analysis
KW  - Kinetics
KW  - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
KW  - Chlorides -- analysis
KW  - Photochemical Processes
KW  - Oxygen -- analysis
KW  - Ultraviolet Rays
KW  - Waste Disposal, Fluid -- methods
KW  - Hydrogen Peroxide -- analysis
KW  - Hydrogen Peroxide -- chemistry
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date completed - 2009-10-06
N1  - Date created - 2009-09-11
N1  - Date revised - 2017-01-13
N1  - Last updated - 2017-01-18
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2009.06.050
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Critical role of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 in aldosterone/salt-induced cardiac inflammation and fibrosis.
AN  - 67591359; 19581502
AB  - The molecular mechanism underlying aldosterone/salt-induced cardiovascular injury remains to be defined. This work was undertaken to determine the role of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) in the mechanism underlying aldosterone-induced cardiac injury in vivo. We compared the in vivo effects of 4 weeks of aldosterone/salt treatment on wild-type and ASK1-deficient mice. Aldosterone infusion plus high salt intake in wild-type mice significantly increased blood pressure and urinary albumin excretion and decreased plasma potassium concentrations, and these effects of aldosterone/salt were not affected by ASK1 deficiency. Thus, ASK1 seems to play a minor role in aldosterone-induced hypertension and renal injury. ASK1 deficiency also failed to affect aldosterone-induced cardiac hypertrophy. However, ASK1 deficiency markedly ameliorated aldosterone-induced cardiac injury, eg, the enhancement of cardiac macrophage infiltration, monocyte chemotactic protein 1 expression, interstitial fibrosis, perivascular fibrosis, and transforming growth factor-beta1 and collagen type I expressions. Thus, ASK1 participates in aldosterone-induced cardiac inflammation and fibrosis. Furthermore, the enhancement of NADPH oxidase-mediated cardiac oxidative stress caused by aldosterone infusion was markedly lessened by ASK1 deficiency, which was associated with the significant amelioration by ASK1 deficiency of aldosterone-induced cardiac Nox2 upregulation. Furthermore, aldosterone/salt treatment significantly enhanced cardiac expression of the angiotensin-converting enzyme and angiotensin II type 1 receptor in wild-type mice, whereas the enhancement of these proteins by aldosterone/salt was abolished by ASK1 deficiency. Our results demonstrate that ASK1 is implicated in aldosterone/salt-induced cardiac inflammation and fibrosis through the enhancement of NADPH oxidase-mediated oxidative stress and the upregulation of the cardiac renin-angiotensin system.
JF  - Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)
AU  - Nakamura, Taishi
AU  - Kataoka, Keiichiro
AU  - Fukuda, Masaya
AU  - Nako, Hisato
AU  - Tokutomi, Yoshiko
AU  - Dong, Yi-Fei
AU  - Ichijo, Hidenori
AU  - Ogawa, Hisao
AU  - Kim-Mitsuyama, Shokei
AD  - Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1-1-1 Honjyo, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan. kimmitsu@gpo.kumamoto-u.ac.jp.
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - September 2009
SP  - 544
EP  - 551
VL  - 54
IS  - 3
KW  - Ccl2 protein, mouse
KW  - 0
KW  - Chemokine CCL2
KW  - Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1
KW  - Sodium Chloride, Dietary
KW  - Transforming Growth Factor beta1
KW  - Superoxides
KW  - 11062-77-4
KW  - Aldosterone
KW  - 4964P6T9RB
KW  - Sodium
KW  - 9NEZ333N27
KW  - NADPH Oxidase
KW  - EC 1.6.3.1
KW  - Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
KW  - EC 2.7.11.24
KW  - MAP Kinase Kinase Kinase 5
KW  - EC 2.7.11.25
KW  - Map3k5 protein, mouse
KW  - Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A
KW  - EC 3.4.15.1
KW  - Potassium
KW  - RWP5GA015D
KW  - Index Medicus
KW  - Gene Expression -- drug effects
KW  - Animals
KW  - Fibrosis -- etiology
KW  - Transforming Growth Factor beta1 -- genetics
KW  - Mice, Knockout
KW  - Superoxides -- metabolism
KW  - Fibrosis -- blood
KW  - Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1 -- genetics
KW  - Male
KW  - Macrophages -- metabolism
KW  - NADPH Oxidase -- metabolism
KW  - Chemokine CCL2 -- genetics
KW  - Albuminuria -- urine
KW  - Inflammation -- urine
KW  - Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases -- metabolism
KW  - Inflammation -- blood
KW  - Mice
KW  - Fibrosis -- urine
KW  - Macrophages -- pathology
KW  - Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A -- genetics
KW  - Inflammation -- etiology
KW  - Mice, Inbred C57BL
KW  - Potassium -- blood
KW  - Blood Pressure -- drug effects
KW  - Sodium -- blood
KW  - Female
KW  - Sodium Chloride, Dietary -- toxicity
KW  - Myocardium -- pathology
KW  - MAP Kinase Kinase Kinase 5 -- metabolism
KW  - MAP Kinase Kinase Kinase 5 -- genetics
KW  - Sodium Chloride, Dietary -- administration & dosage
KW  - Aldosterone -- administration & dosage
KW  - Aldosterone -- toxicity
KW  - Myocardium -- metabolism
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date completed - 2009-09-18
N1  - Date created - 2009-08-20
N1  - Date revised - 2017-01-13
N1  - Last updated - 2017-01-18
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.109.135392
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Monte Carlo simulation of various source-product geometries for a proposed multi-product gamma irradiator facility.
AN  - 67570521; 19667801
AB  - Radiation processing plants are designed to deliver a prescribed dose to product materials within the acceptable uniformity to meet the national standards. The dose uniformity ratios for four different product geometries of a proposed 37 PBq (10(6) Ci) 60Co-based, multi-product irradiator facility in India are evaluated using the Monte Carlo method for various product densities, 0.15 g cm-3, 0.4 g cm-3, and 0.6 g cm-3. The calculations are also carried out using the point kernel method for comparison purposes. The agreement between Monte Carlo and point kernel methods is within 3 to 15%. The suitable product geometry is identified based on dose uniformity ratios.
JF  - Health physics
AU  - Biju, K
AU  - Selvam, T Palani
AU  - Lavale, D S
AD  - Radiological Physics and Advisory Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, CT & CRS, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400 094, India. bijusivolli@gmail.com
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - September 2009
SP  - 187
EP  - 194
VL  - 97
IS  - 3
KW  - Cobalt Radioisotopes
KW  - 0
KW  - Index Medicus
KW  - Radiation Dosage
KW  - Computer Simulation
KW  - Facility Design and Construction -- standards
KW  - Monte Carlo Method
KW  - India
KW  - Food Irradiation -- standards
KW  - Gamma Rays
KW  - Food Irradiation -- instrumentation
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+physics&rft.atitle=Monte+Carlo+simulation+of+various+source-product+geometries+for+a+proposed+multi-product+gamma+irradiator+facility.&rft.au=Biju%2C+K%3BSelvam%2C+T+Palani%3BLavale%2C+D+S&rft.aulast=Biju&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2009-09-01&rft.volume=97&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=187&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+physics&rft.issn=1538-5159&rft_id=info:doi/10.1097%2FHP.0b013e3181ac4cd7
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date completed - 2009-08-25
N1  - Date created - 2009-08-11
N1  - Date revised - 2017-01-13
N1  - Last updated - 2017-01-18
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/HP.0b013e3181ac4cd7
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Globalisation, Gentrification and Spatial Hierarchies in and beyond New South Wales: the Local/Global Nexus
AN  - 61778142; 200936956
AB  - Popular visions of globalisation envisage the collapse of physical space as a significant determinant in social relations. The rapid speed at which movements of capital and information occur are touted as evidence that the constraints of physical space are eroding. The emergence of a global network of persons referred to as the transnational elite further supports these popular perceptions. Characterised as highly educated professionals employed in globally aligned industries, the transnational elite seemingly construct their individual and group identities beyond the scale of the local. However, research undertaken in Newcastle and Sydney with gentrifiers actively constructing their 'global personas' problematise popular discourses of globalisation as contributing to the decline of space as fundamental to identity construction. As an emergent elite global community, the gentrifiers create complex cognitive maps of spatial desirability reinforcing the significance of specific places. Through this process, places are ranked according to their global significance forming complex spatial hierarchies. Consequently, some places are cast as global and hence desirable, while others are stigmatised as undesirable non-global spaces. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - Geographical Research
AU  - Rofe, Matthew W
AD  - Department of Urban and Regional Planning, School of Natural and Built Environments, The University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia matthew.rofe@unisa.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - September 2009
SP  - 292
EP  - 305
PB  - Blackwell Publishing Asia, Carlton South Victoria Australia
VL  - 47
IS  - 3
SN  - 1745-5863, 1745-5863
KW  - Global Local Relationship
KW  - Social Networks
KW  - Social Constructionism
KW  - Globalization
KW  - Australia
KW  - Transnationalism
KW  - Elites
KW  - Urban Renewal
KW  - Space
KW  - article
KW  - 2682: environmental interactions; social geography
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LA  - English
DB  - Sociological Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2010-10-21
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Globalization; Urban Renewal; Australia; Space; Elites; Transnationalism; Social Constructionism; Global Local Relationship; Social Networks
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-5871.2009.00574.x
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - International adoption and child protection in Guatemala
AN  - 61362156; 200908175
AB  - Guatemala's culture and history as well as its role as a major sending country for intercountry adoption are used as a context for discussing how intercountry adoption has influenced and affected the child protection system. A model for child protection development is offered. [Reprinted by permission of Sage Publications Ltd., copyright holder.]
JF  - International Social Work
AU  - McCreery Bunkers, Kelley
AU  - Groza, Victor
AU  - Lauer, Daniel P
AD  - c/o CRS Ethiopia, 228 Lexington St, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA kelleybunkers@gmail.com
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - September 2009
SP  - 649
EP  - 660
PB  - Sage Publications, London UK
VL  - 52
IS  - 5
SN  - 0020-8728, 0020-8728
KW  - child protection Guatemala Hague Convention intercountry adoption system reform
KW  - Culture
KW  - Child Welfare Services
KW  - Guatemala
KW  - Congresses and Conventions
KW  - International Adoption
KW  - article
KW  - 6143: child & family welfare
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61362156?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocialservices&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Social+Work&rft.atitle=International+adoption+and+child+protection+in+Guatemala&rft.au=McCreery+Bunkers%2C+Kelley%3BGroza%2C+Victor%3BLauer%2C+Daniel+P&rft.aulast=McCreery+Bunkers&rft.aufirst=Kelley&rft.date=2009-09-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=649&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Social+Work&rft.issn=00208728&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F0020872809337676
LA  - English
DB  - Social Services Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2010-10-21
N1  - Number of references - 31
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - CODEN - ISCWBL
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Guatemala; International Adoption; Culture; Congresses and Conventions; Child Welfare Services
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020872809337676
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Gendered relations to working time and union agreements: Contradictory outcomes in acute and community nursing settings in Australia
AN  - 60330382; 200948571
AB  - The intensification of working time is a major impediment to the recruitment and retention of nurses worldwide. This article examines the outcomes of negotiations between the Australian Nursing Federation (South Australia), the major nursing union and the South Australian Government, with a particular focus on working-time tools introduced to deintensify nurses' labour. The article compares two strategies negotiated by the union: one for public sector nurses working in acute hospitals where the throughput of patients is short term, the other in the community sector where most patients have chronic mental or physical conditions and their care requirements are long term. The outcomes of the two tools for reducing work intensification reflect gendered relations to time, but are contradictory in terms of control over the labour process. The tool used in the acute sector is highly successful in reducing work intensity but shifts control of the labour process to management. The community-based tool provides nurses with control over the labour process, but is less successful in reducing work intensification or working hours. [Reprinted by permission of Sage Publications Ltd., copyright holder.]
JF  - Time & Society
AU  - Willis, Eileen
AU  - Henderson, Julie
AU  - Toffoli, Luisa
AU  - Walter, Bonnie
AD  - Social Health Sciences, Flinders Prevention, Promotion and Primary Health Care, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Sturt Building, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide 5001, Australia eileen.willis@flinders.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - September 2009
SP  - 246
EP  - 263
PB  - Sage Publications, London UK
VL  - 18
IS  - 2-3
SN  - 0961-463X, 0961-463X
KW  - Enterprise Bargaining gendered time nursing work intensity
KW  - Sex Role Identity
KW  - Flexibility
KW  - Nurses
KW  - Working Hours
KW  - article
KW  - 2983: feminist/gender studies; sociology of gender & gender relations
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time+%26+Society&rft.atitle=Gendered+relations+to+working+time+and+union+agreements%3A+Contradictory+outcomes+in+acute+and+community+nursing+settings+in+Australia&rft.au=Willis%2C+Eileen%3BHenderson%2C+Julie%3BToffoli%2C+Luisa%3BWalter%2C+Bonnie&rft.aulast=Willis&rft.aufirst=Eileen&rft.date=2009-09-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=246&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Time+%26+Society&rft.issn=0961463X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F0961463X09337558
LA  - English
DB  - Sociological Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2010-10-21
N1  - Number of references - 34
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - CODEN - TIMSEB
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nurses; Working Hours; Flexibility; Sex Role Identity
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0961463X09337558
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Still standing: neighbourhood wars and political stability in Guinea
AN  - 60053113; 200932415
AB  - The Republic of Guinea is located in a particularly turbulent region. However, while several conflicts in neighbouring countries -- Guinea-Bissau, Liberia and Sierra Leone -- have spilled over Guinea's borders, the country's central government has displayed a seemingly unlikely stability. Until a bloodless coup in December 2008 brought a military junta to power, the country had had only two presidents since independence, both of whom died of natural causes while still in office. Ahmed Sekou Toure, Guinea's first leader, deftly used the anti-colonial insurgency in neighbouring Guinea-Bissau to enhance his political credentials and control domestic and international opposition. The administration of the late President Lansana Conte leveraged regional warfare to solidify its command over remote provinces, increase government revenues, bolster military capacity, and improve regional diplomatic relations. This paper supports the analysis of civil wars as regional phenomena, while shedding light on mechanisms that may interact in counter-intuitive ways with the dynamics of state strength. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - The Journal of Modern African Studies
AU  - Arieff, Alexis
AD  - Africa analyst, Congressional Research Service, 101 Independence Ave, SE, Washington, DC 20540, USA alexisarieff@gmail.com
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - September 2009
SP  - 331
EP  - 348
PB  - Cambridge University Press, UK
VL  - 47
IS  - 3
SN  - 0022-278X, 0022-278X
KW  - Central Government
KW  - Borders
KW  - Presidents
KW  - War
KW  - Guinea
KW  - International Relations
KW  - Stability
KW  - article
KW  - 9085: government/political systems; national governments/political systems
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LA  - English
DB  - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2010-10-21
N1  - Number of references - 63
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - CODEN - JMAFAU
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Guinea; Presidents; War; Stability; International Relations; Central Government; Borders
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022278X09004108
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The Fall and Rise of Household Saving
AN  - 58826020; 2008-423471
AB  - Household saving provides funds to finance domestic investment and is the means by which workers accumulate wealth and maintain their living standard into retirement. As policymakers have been looking for ways to increase spending to minimize the downturn and get the economy growing again, households have begun to save more; and it may be that the economic downturn is limiting the saving response to the decline in household net worth -- If that is the case, the saving rate might be expected to continue to rise, or at least remain steady at current levels, when the economy begins to recover. Tables, Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Sep 1 2009, 11 pp.
AU  - Cashell, Brian W
Y1  - 2009/09/01/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Sep 01
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Population groups, population policy, and demographics - Demography and census
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Credit, loans, and personal finance
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic conditions
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Investments and securities
KW  - Investments
KW  - Saving
KW  - Personal finance
KW  - Households
KW  - Economic conditions
KW  - Cost and standard of living
KW  - Retirement income
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40647_20090901.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40647
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Best Practices for Presentation of E-Journal Titles on Provider Web Sites and in Other E-Content Products
AN  - 57689738; 200913569
AB  - As a result of inaccurate displays of journal metadata in e-content access tools and on Web sites, researchers and readers do not find the content they are seeking, and the full value of e-content services is not realized. A group will be formed later this year to develop a set of NISO best practices for presentation of e-journal titles, provision of correct ISSN information, and other basic bibliographic data on provider Web sites and in other e-content products. [Copyright Elsevier Inc.]
JF  - Serials Review
AU  - Hawkins, Les
AD  - CONSER, Library of Congress, Washington, DC 20540-4160, USA lhaw@loc.gov
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - September 2009
SP  - 168
EP  - 169
PB  - Elsevier, San Diego CA
VL  - 35
IS  - 3
SN  - 0098-7913, 0098-7913
KW  - Web sites
KW  - Best practice
KW  - Electronic periodicals
KW  - Metadata
KW  - article
KW  - 13.14: INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL - SEARCHING
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57689738?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Alisa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Serials+Review&rft.atitle=Best+Practices+for+Presentation+of+E-Journal+Titles+on+Provider+Web+Sites+and+in+Other+E-Content+Products&rft.au=Hawkins%2C+Les&rft.aulast=Hawkins&rft.aufirst=Les&rft.date=2009-09-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=168&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Serials+Review&rft.issn=00987913&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Library & Information Science Abstracts (LISA)
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-27
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Metadata; Electronic periodicals; Web sites; Best practice
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Study and Comparison of Multimedia Web Searching: 1997-2006
AN  - 57687766; 200911737
AB  - Searching for multimedia is an important activity for users of Web search engines. Studying user's interactions with Web search engine multimedia buttons, including image, audio, and video, is important for the development of multimedia Web search systems. This article provides results from a Weblog analysis study of multimedia Web searching by Dogpile users in 2006. The study analyzes the (a) duration, size, and structure of Web search queries and sessions; (b) user demographics; (c) most popular multimedia Web searching terms; and (d) use of advanced Web search techniques including Boolean and natural language. The current study findings are compared with results from previous multimedia Web searching studies. The key findings are: (a) Since 1997, image search consistently is the dominant media type searched followed by audio and video; (b) multimedia search duration is still short (>50% of searching episodes are <1 min), using few search terms; (c) many multimedia searches are for information about people, especially in audio search; and (d) multimedia search has begun to shift from entertainment to other categories such as medical, sports, and technology (based on the most repeated terms). Implications for design of Web multimedia search engines are discussed. [Copyright Wiley Periodicals Inc.]
JF  - Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology
AU  - Tjondronegoro, Dian
AU  - Spink, Amanda
AU  - Jansen, Bernard J
AD  - Queensland University of Technology, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia dian@qut.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - September 2009
SP  - 1756
EP  - 1768
PB  - Wiley Subscription Services, Hoboken NJ
VL  - 60
IS  - 9
SN  - 1532-2882, 1532-2882
KW  - Multimedia
KW  - Searching
KW  - article
KW  - 13.14: INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL - SEARCHING
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57687766?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Alisa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Society+for+Information+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=A+Study+and+Comparison+of+Multimedia+Web+Searching%3A+1997-2006&rft.au=Tjondronegoro%2C+Dian%3BSpink%2C+Amanda%3BJansen%2C+Bernard+J&rft.aulast=Tjondronegoro&rft.aufirst=Dian&rft.date=2009-09-01&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1756&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Society+for+Information+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=15322882&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Library & Information Science Abstracts (LISA)
N1  - Date revised - 2009-11-02
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-27
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Searching; Multimedia
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - In Which "Linked Data" Means "A Better Web"
AN  - 57683454; 200911695
AB  - The main point of linked data is building a better web. The way the web is built has changed steadily over the years, but the importance of links in the web has continually increased; after all, there is no web without links. According to Tim Berners-Lee, there are four principles of linked data: using URIs (uniform resource identifiers) as names, using HTTP URIs, providing useful information at those HTTP URIs, and linking to other useful information. Nice, clean, bookmarkable URLs (uniform resource locators) are helpful because they can enable a user to link to his/her stuff better on the web. It will also improve the usefulness of sites and content on the web itself. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - Computers in Libraries
AU  - Chudnov, Daniel
AD  - Office of Strategic Initiatives at the Library of Congress daniel.chudnov@gmail.com
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - September 2009
SP  - 31
EP  - 33
PB  - Information Today Inc
VL  - 29
IS  - 8
SN  - 1041-7915, 1041-7915
KW  - Web sites
KW  - Links
KW  - Uniform Resource Locators
KW  - article
KW  - 13.14: INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL - SEARCHING
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57683454?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Alisa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computers+in+Libraries&rft.atitle=In+Which+%22Linked+Data%22+Means+%22A+Better+Web%22&rft.au=Chudnov%2C+Daniel&rft.aulast=Chudnov&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2009-09-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=31&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computers+in+Libraries&rft.issn=10417915&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Library & Information Science Abstracts (LISA)
N1  - Date revised - 2009-11-02
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-27
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Links; Uniform Resource Locators; Web sites
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Review: A systematic review of the literature comparing the practices of dispensing and non-dispensing doctors
AN  - 57297400; 200925618
AB  - Objectives Some doctors perform the dual roles of prescribing and dispensing pharmaceuticals. The dispensing doctors (DDs) role may give rise to prescribing behaviours that vary from those of non-DDs. The aim of this review was to systematically and comparatively appraise the research evidence related to the practices of DDs. Methods A systematic search of bibliographic databases and reference lists from selected papers were the sources of the data. Inclusion criteria were papers published in English, between 1970 and 2008 that provided quantitative data comparing the practices of DDs and non-DDs. At least two of the authors abstracted data from all eligible papers using a purpose-made data extraction form. Results Twenty-one papers were included in this review. Evidence indicated that DDs prescribed more pharmaceutical items and less often generically than non-DDs. There was limited evidence to suggest that DDs prescribed less judiciously and were associated with poor dispensing standards. Patient convenience and access to pharmaceuticals were main reasons for doctors to dispense. Conclusion DDs can fill an important gap in the provision of pharmaceuticals for their patients especially where health workforce shortages exist. There was evidence the dispensing role influenced prescribing. Patient convenience should be balanced against scarce medical resources, being utilised for dispensing. [Copyright Elsevier Ltd.]
JF  - Health Policy
AU  - Lim, David
AU  - Emery, Jon
AU  - Lewis, Janice
AU  - Sunderland, V Bruce
AD  - School of Public Health, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth 6845, Australia chee.lim@postgrad.curtin.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - September 2009
SP  - 1
EP  - 9
PB  - Elsevier, Kidlington Oxford UK
VL  - 92
IS  - 1
SN  - 0168-8510, 0168-8510
KW  - Dispensing doctors Prescribing behaviour Physicians Quality of health care Prescription practice Drug prescriptions
KW  - Prescriptions
KW  - Doctors
KW  - Shortages
KW  - Occupational health and safety
KW  - Prescribed
KW  - Prescribing
KW  - article
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aassia&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+Policy&rft.atitle=Review%3A+A+systematic+review+of+the+literature+comparing+the+practices+of+dispensing+and+non-dispensing+doctors&rft.au=Lim%2C+David%3BEmery%2C+Jon%3BLewis%2C+Janice%3BSunderland%2C+V+Bruce&rft.aulast=Lim&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2009-09-01&rft.volume=92&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+Policy&rft.issn=01688510&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.healthpol.2009.01.008
LA  - English
DB  - Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA)
N1  - Date revised - 2009-10-02
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-27
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Doctors; Prescribing; Prescriptions; Prescribed; Occupational health and safety; Shortages
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.healthpol.2009.01.008
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - How society makes itself: the evolution of political and economic institutions
AN  - 37158816; 3878903
JF  - Review of radical political economics
AU  - Sherman, Howard J
AU  - O'Hara, Phillip Anthony
AU  - O'Hara, Phillip Anthony
AD  - Global Political Research Unit Curtin University GPO Box U1987 Perth,WA 6845 Australia,
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Sep 2009
SP  - 389
EP  - 391
PB  - M.E. Sharpe
VL  - 41
IS  - 3
SN  - 0486-6134, 0486-6134
KW  - Sociology
KW  - Political Science
KW  - Economics
KW  - Historical analysis
KW  - Social change
KW  - Capitalist development
KW  - Institutions
KW  - Political economy
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Review+of+radical+political+economics&rft.atitle=How+society+makes+itself%3A+the+evolution+of+political+and+economic+institutions&rft.au=Sherman%2C+Howard+J%3BO%27Hara%2C+Phillip+Anthony&rft.aulast=Sherman&rft.aufirst=Howard&rft.date=2009-09-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=389&rft.isbn=0765616513&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Review+of+radical+political+economics&rft.issn=04866134&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F0486613409334865
LA  - English
DB  - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS)
N1  - Date revised - 2013-06-12
N1  - Last updated - 2013-09-16
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 9684; 11783; 2015 2012 4018 9713 6203; 6590; 5873 971
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0486613409334865
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Etiologies of Bacterial Meningitis in Bangladesh: Results from a Hospital-Based Study
AN  - 21274501; 11848189
AB  - We conducted a study at four hospitals from June 2003 to July 2005 to investigate the etiologies of bacterial meningitis in Bangladesh. A total of 2,609 patients met the clinical case definition, and 766 had cerebrospinal fluid tested by at least one of the following methods: latex agglutination, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, or real-time polymerase chain reaction for Neisseria meningitidis A and C, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib); culture results were noted from patient records. In total, 189 patients (24%) of those tested, representing all age groups, were diagnosed with bacterial meningitis; 136 (18%) had meningococcal, 23 (3%) had pneumococcal, and 25 (3%) had Hib infection. Twenty percent of patients with Hib meningitis (5/25) were > 15 years old. Case-fatality ratios were 10% for N. meningitidis, 22% for S. pneumoniae, and 24% for Hib. Bacterial meningitis from vaccinepreventable pathogens causes significant morbidity and mortality in Bangladesh in adults and children.
JF  - American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
AU  - Gurley, E S
AU  - Hossain, MJ
AU  - Montgomery, S P
AU  - Petersen, L R
AU  - Sejvar, J J
AU  - Mayer, L W
AU  - Whitney, A
AU  - Dull, P
AU  - Nahar, N
AU  - Uddin, AKMR
AU  - Rahman, ME
AU  - Ekram, ARMS
AU  - Luby, S P
AU  - Breiman, R F
AD  - ICDDR, B, GPO 128, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh, egurley@icddrb.org
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Sep 2009
VL  - 81
IS  - 3
SN  - 0002-9637, 0002-9637
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - Mortality
KW  - Age
KW  - Etiology
KW  - Haemophilus influenzae
KW  - Latex agglutination
KW  - Neisseria meningitidis
KW  - Pathogens
KW  - Children
KW  - Infection
KW  - Morbidity
KW  - Meningitis
KW  - Streptococcus pneumoniae
KW  - Cerebrospinal fluid
KW  - Polymerase chain reaction
KW  - rRNA 16S
KW  - Hospitals
KW  - N3 11023:Neurogenetics
KW  - A 01490:Miscellaneous
KW  - J 02400:Human Diseases
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-02-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mortality; Etiology; Age; Latex agglutination; Pathogens; Infection; Children; Morbidity; Meningitis; Cerebrospinal fluid; Polymerase chain reaction; rRNA 16S; Hospitals; Bacteria; Streptococcus pneumoniae; Haemophilus influenzae; Neisseria meningitidis
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - New Face of a Well-Known Hazard: Arsenic Alters H1N1 Response in Mice
AN  - 21267901; 11702324
AB  - Abstract not available.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Washam, Cynthia
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Sep 2009
SP  - A406
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 9
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Hazards
KW  - Arsenic
KW  - Mice
KW  - ENA 07:General
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hazards; Arsenic; Mice
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Dietary Fat Alters Body Composition, Mammary Development, and Cytochrome P450 Induction after Maternal TCDD Exposure in DBA/2J Mice with Low-Responsive Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptors
AN  - 21263810; 11704162
AB  - Background Increased fat intake is associated with obesity and may make obese individuals uniquely susceptible to the effects of lipophilic aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) ligands. Objectives We investigated the consequences of high-fat diet (HFD) and AHR ligands on body composition, mammary development, and hepatic P450 expression. Methods Pregnant C57BL/6J (B6) and DBA/2J (D2) dams, respectively expressing high- or low-responsive AHR, were dosed at mid-gestation with TCDD. At parturition, mice were placed on an HFD or a low-fat diet (LFD). Body fat of progeny was measured before dosing with 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA). Fasting blood glucose was measured, and liver and mammary glands were analyzed. Results Maternal TCDD exposure resulted in reduced litter size in D2 mice and, on HFD, reduced postpartum survival in B6 mice. In D2 mice, HFD increased body mass and fat in off-spring, induced precocious mammary gland development, and increased AHR expression compared with mice given an LFD. Maternal TCDD exposure increased hepatic Cyp1a1 and Cyp1b1 expression in offspring on both diets, but DMBA depressed Cyp1b1 expression only in mice fed an HFD. In D2 progeny, TCDD exposure decreased mammary terminal end bud size, and DMBA exposure decreased the number of terminal end buds. Only in D2 progeny fed HFD did perinatal TCDD increase blood glucose and the size of mammary fat pads, while decreasing both branch elongation and the number of terminal end buds. Conclusions We conclude that despite having a low-responsive AHR, D2 progeny fed a diet similar to that consumed by most people are susceptible to TCDD and DMBA exposure effects blood glucose levels, mammary differentiation, and hepatic Cyp1 expression.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - La Merrill, Michele
AU  - Kuruvilla, Bittu S
AU  - Pomp, Daniel
AU  - Birnbaum, Linda S
AU  - Threadgill, David W
AD  - Department of Genetics, Curriculum in Toxicology, Center for Environmental Health and Susceptibility, Clinical Nutrition Research Unit, Lineberger Cancer Center and Carolina Genome Sciences Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Sep 2009
SP  - 1414
EP  - 1419
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 9
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - aryl hydrocarbon receptor
KW  - fetal loss
KW  - gene-environment interactions
KW  - mouse
KW  - obesity
KW  - 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)
KW  - Diets
KW  - Litter
KW  - Dams
KW  - Liver
KW  - TCDD
KW  - Mice
KW  - buds
KW  - survival
KW  - offspring
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diets; Litter; Dams; Liver; TCDD; Mice; survival; buds; offspring
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0800530
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Low-Dose Arsenic Compromises the Immune Response to Influenza A Infection in Vivo
AN  - 21263272; 11702318
AB  - Background Arsenic exposure is a significant worldwide environmental health concern. We recently reported that 5-week exposure to environmentally relevant levels (10 and 100 ppb) of As in drinking water significantly altered components of the innate immune response in mouse lung, which we hypothesize is an important contributor to the increased risk of lung disease in exposed human populations. Objectives We investigated the effects of As exposure on respiratory influenza A (H1N1) virus infection, a common and potentially fatal disease. Methods In this study, we exposed C57BL/6J mice to 100 ppb As in drinking water for 5 weeks, followed by intranasal inoculation with a sub lethal dose of influenza A/PuertoRico/8/34 (H1N1) virus. Multiple end points were assessed postinfection. Results Arsenic was associated with a number of significant changes in response to influenza, including an increase in morbidity and higher pulmonary influenza virus titers on day 7 post-infection. We also found many alterations in the immune response relative to As-unexposed controls, including a decrease in the number of dendritic cells in the mediastinal lymph nodes early in the course of infection. Conclusions Our data indicate that chronic As exposure significantly compromises the immune response to infection. Alterations in response to repeated lung infection may also contribute to other chronic illnesses, such as bronchiectasis, which is elevated by As exposure in epidemiology studies.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Kozul, Courtney D
AU  - Ely, Kenneth H
AU  - Enelow, Richard I
AU  - Hamilton, Joshua W
AD  - Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Sep 2009
SP  - 1441
EP  - 1447
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 9
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Pollution Abstracts; Immunology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts
KW  - arsenic
KW  - dendritic cells
KW  - influenza
KW  - innate immune system
KW  - mouse lung
KW  - Influenza A
KW  - Environmental health
KW  - Infection
KW  - Morbidity
KW  - Dendritic cells
KW  - Drinking Water
KW  - Exposure
KW  - lymph nodes
KW  - infection
KW  - Diseases
KW  - Arsenic
KW  - Data processing
KW  - Bronchiectasis
KW  - Lung diseases
KW  - Mice
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - Human Population
KW  - Lymph nodes
KW  - Influenza virus
KW  - Epidemiology
KW  - Lung
KW  - Water Pollution Effects
KW  - Chronic infection
KW  - Inoculation
KW  - human populations
KW  - Immune response
KW  - Drinking water
KW  - Lethal dose
KW  - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment
KW  - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION
KW  - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution
KW  - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution
KW  - F 06915:Cancer Immunology
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arsenic; Data processing; Bronchiectasis; Influenza A; Lung diseases; Lymph nodes; Morbidity; Dendritic cells; Epidemiology; Chronic infection; Inoculation; Immune response; Drinking water; Lethal dose; Lung; lymph nodes; infection; Environmental health; Mice; human populations; influenza; Drinking Water; Water Pollution Effects; Exposure; Human Population; Diseases; Toxicity; Infection; Influenza virus
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0900911
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Framework for Examining Social Stress and Susceptibility to Air Pollution in Respiratory Health
AN  - 21260477; 11702312
AB  - Objective There is growing interest in disentangling the health effects of spatially clustered social and physical environmental exposures and in exploring potential synergies among them, with particular attention directed to the combined effects of psychosocial stress and air pollution. Both exposures may be elevated in lower-income urban communities, and it has been hypothesized that stress, which can influence immune function and susceptibility, may potentiate the effects of air pollution in respiratory disease onset and exacerbation. In this paper, we attempt to synthesize the relevant research from social and environmental epidemiology, toxicology, immunology, and exposure assessment to provide a useful framework for environmental health researchers aiming to investigate the health effects of environmental pollution in combination with social or psychological factors. Data synthesis We review the existing epidemiologic and toxicologic evidence on synergistic effects of stress and pollution, and then describe the physiologic effects of stress and key issues related to measuring and evaluating stress as it relates to physical environmental exposures and susceptibility. Finally, we identify some of the major methodologic challenges ahead as we work toward disentangling the health effects of clustered social and physical exposures and accurately describing the interplay among these exposures. Conclusions There is still tremendous work to be done toward understanding the combined and potentially synergistic health effects of stress and pollution. As this research proceeds, we recommend careful attention to the relative temporalities of stress and pollution exposures, to nonlinearities in their independent and combined effects, to physiologic pathways not elucidated by epidemiologic methods, and to the relative spatial distributions of social and physical exposures at multiple geographic scales.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Clougherty, Jane E
AU  - Kubzansky, Laura D
AD  - Department of Environmental Health and
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Sep 2009
SP  - 1351
EP  - 1358
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 9
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - air pollution
KW  - social stress
KW  - spatial analysis
KW  - synergistic effects
KW  - urban community health
KW  - Synergistic effects
KW  - Spatial distribution
KW  - Psychology
KW  - Immunology
KW  - Environmental health
KW  - Pollution effects
KW  - Stress
KW  - Respiratory diseases
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - spatial distribution
KW  - Reviews
KW  - Immune response
KW  - Toxicology
KW  - Urban areas
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health
KW  - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH
KW  - ENA 01:Air Pollution
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Synergistic effects; Spatial distribution; Psychology; Immunology; Stress; Pollution effects; Environmental health; Respiratory diseases; Air pollution; spatial distribution; Reviews; Immune response; Toxicology; Urban areas
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0900612
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Workplace Exposures and the Risk of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
AN  - 21259823; 11704160
AB  - Background Occupation has been suggested to play a role in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) etiology, but detailed information on the importance of specific workplace exposures is lacking. Objectives Our aim was to assess the relationship between workplace exposures and the risk of ALS and to evaluate potential interactions between these exposures and smoking. Methods We conducted a caseacontrol study in New England between 1993 and 1996, comprising 109 cases and 253 controls who completed a structured interview covering occupations and workplace exposures. Unconditional logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for ALS. Analyses were conducted among the entire study population and after stratification by smoking. Results We observed a higher risk of ALS for construction workers excluding supervisors (OR = 2.9; 95% CI, 1.2a7.2) and precision metal workers (OR = 3.5; 95% CI, 1.2a10.5). Self-reported exposures to paint strippers; cutting, cooling, or lubricating oils; antifreeze or coolants; mineral or white spirits; and dry cleaning agents each appeared to be associated with a 60a90% higher risk. Specific chemicals related to a > 50% increase in risk of ALS included aliphatic chlorinated hydrocarbons, glycols, glycol ethers, and hexane. Relative risks associated with these workplace exposures and chemicals were greater among nonsmokers and persisted in mutually adjusted models. Conclusions Our data suggest that certain occupations and workplace exposures may be associated with increased risk of ALS. These results need to be confirmed in independent populations.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Fang, Fang
AU  - Quinlan, Patricia
AU  - Ye, Weimin
AU  - Barber, Marie K
AU  - Umbach, David M
AU  - Sandler, Dale P
AU  - Kamel, Freya
AD  - Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Sep 2009
SP  - 1387
EP  - 1392
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 9
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
KW  - chemicals
KW  - relative risk
KW  - risk factors
KW  - workplace exposures
KW  - Chemicals
KW  - Metals
KW  - Etiology
KW  - Stratification
KW  - cuttings
KW  - Chlorinated hydrocarbons
KW  - Oil
KW  - Smoking
KW  - USA, New England
KW  - Ethers
KW  - Minerals
KW  - Construction industry
KW  - Paints
KW  - ENA 13:Population Planning & Control
KW  - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Oil; Chemicals; Metals; Smoking; Etiology; Stratification; Ethers; cuttings; Minerals; Construction industry; Chlorinated hydrocarbons; Paints; USA, New England
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0900580
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Swine CAFOs & Novel H1N1 Flu: Separating Facts from Fears
AN  - 21259309; 11702323
AB  - Abstract not available.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Schmidt, Charles W
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Sep 2009
SP  - A394
EP  - A401
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 9
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Influenza
KW  - ENA 07:General
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Swine+CAFOs+%26amp%3B+Novel+H1N1+Flu%3A+Separating+Facts+from+Fears&rft.au=Schmidt%2C+Charles+W&rft.aulast=Schmidt&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2009-09-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=A394&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Influenza
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Prenatal and Early, but Not Late, Postnatal Exposure of Mice to Sidestream Tobacco Smoke Increases Airway Hyperresponsiveness Later in Life
AN  - 21258167; 11704163
AB  - Background Cigarette smoke exposure in utero and during early postnatal development increases the incidence of asthma and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) later in life, suggesting that a possible critical period of developmental sensitivity exists in the prenatal and early postnatal periods. Objective We investigated mechanisms of susceptibility during critical developmental periods to sidestream smoke (SS) exposure and evaluated the possible effects of SS on neural responses. Methods We exposed three different age groups of mice to either SS or filtered air (FA) for 10 consecutive days beginning on gestation day (GD) 7 by maternal exposure or beginning on postnatal day (PND) 2 or PND21 by direct inhalation. Lung function, airway substance P (SP) innervation, and nerve growth factor (NGF) levels in broncho alveolar lavage fluid were measured after a single SS exposure on PND59. Results Methacholine (MCh) dose response for lung resistance (R sub(L)) was significantly elevated, and dynamic pulmonary compliance (C sub(dyn)) was significantly decreased, in the GD7 and PND2 SS exposure groups compared with the FA groups after SS exposure on PND59. At the same time points, the percent area of SP nerve fibers in tracheal smooth muscle and the levels of NGF were significantly elevated. MCh dosearesponse curves for R sub(L) and C sub(dyn), SP nerve fiber density, and the level of NGF were not significantly changed in the PND21 exposure group after SS exposure on PND59. Conclusions These results suggest that a critical period of susceptibility to SS exposure exists in the prenatal and early postnatal period of development in mice that results in increased SP innervation, increased NGF levels in the airway, and enhanced MCh AHR later in life.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Wu, Zhong-Xin
AU  - Hunter, Dawn D
AU  - Kish, Vincent L
AU  - Benders, Katherine M
AU  - Batchelor, Thomas P
AU  - Dey, Richard D
AD  - Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy and
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Sep 2009
SP  - 1434
EP  - 1440
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 9
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - airway innervation
KW  - asthma
KW  - muscarinic agonists
KW  - neurokinin receptor
KW  - neurotrophic factor
KW  - Smoke
KW  - Inhalation
KW  - Fibers
KW  - prenatal experience
KW  - Cigarettes
KW  - Tobacco
KW  - Muscles
KW  - Mice
KW  - Respiratory diseases
KW  - ENA 01:Air Pollution
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Inhalation; Smoke; Fibers; prenatal experience; Cigarettes; Muscles; Tobacco; Mice; Respiratory diseases
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0800511
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Pine River Statement: Human Health Consequences of DDT Use
AN  - 21257783; 11702313
AB  - Objectives Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) was used worldwide until the 1970s, when concerns about its toxic effects, its environmental persistence, and its concentration in the food supply led to use restrictions and prohibitions. In 2001, more than 100 countries signed the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs), committing to eliminate the use of 12 POPs of greatest concern. However, DDT use was allowed for disease vector control. In 2006, the World Health Organization and the U.S. Agency for International Development endorsed indoor DDT spraying to control malaria. To better inform current policy, we reviewed epidemiologic studies published from 2003 to 2008 that investigated the human health consequences of DDT and/or DDE (dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene) exposure. Data sources and extraction We conducted a PubMed search in October 2008 and retrieved 494 studies. Data synthesis Use restrictions have been successful in lowering human exposure to DDT, but blood concentrations of DDT and DDE are high in countries where DDT is currently being used or was more recently restricted. The recent literature shows a growing body of evidence that exposure to DDT and its breakdown product DDE may be associated with adverse health outcomes such as breast cancer, diabetes, decreased semen quality, spontaneous abortion, and impaired neurodevelopment in children. Conclusions Although we provide evidence to suggest that DDT and DDE may pose a risk to human health, we also highlight the lack of knowledge about human exposure and health effects in communities where DDT is currently being sprayed for malaria control. We recommend research to address this gap and to develop safe and effective alternatives to DDT.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Eskenazi, Brenda
AU  - Chevrier, Jonathan
AU  - Rosas, Lisa Goldman
AU  - Anderson, Henry A
AU  - Bornman, Maria S
AU  - Bouwman, Henk
AU  - Chen, Aimin
AU  - Cohn, Barbara A
AU  - de Jager, Christiaan
AU  - Henshel, Diane S
AU  - Leipzig, Felicia
AU  - Leipzig, John S
AU  - Lorenz, Edward C
AU  - Snedeker, Suzanne M
AU  - Stapleton, Darwin
AD  - School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Sep 2009
SP  - 1359
EP  - 1367
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 9
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality
KW  - Human diseases
KW  - Abortion
KW  - Food
KW  - Malaria
KW  - Spraying
KW  - Environmental factors
KW  - Public health
KW  - Disease transmission
KW  - diabetes mellitus
KW  - Insecticides
KW  - Nitrous oxide
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Pollutant persistence
KW  - Semen
KW  - Rivers
KW  - Food supply
KW  - Data processing
KW  - persistent organic pollutants
KW  - DDE
KW  - Vectors
KW  - Canada, British Columbia, Pine R.
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - Children
KW  - Cancer
KW  - Diabetes mellitus
KW  - Blood
KW  - USA
KW  - malaria
KW  - Reviews
KW  - DDT
KW  - Breast cancer
KW  - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate
KW  - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION
KW  - K 03400:Human Diseases
KW  - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-07
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Human diseases; Pollutant persistence; DDE; DDT; Semen; Malaria; Environmental factors; Disease transmission; Public health; Rivers; Data processing; Food; Abortion; Vectors; Spraying; Children; Diabetes mellitus; Blood; Pollutants; Reviews; Breast cancer; Food supply; persistent organic pollutants; Toxicity; Cancer; diabetes mellitus; Insecticides; Nitrous oxide; malaria; USA; Canada, British Columbia, Pine R.
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.11748
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Lower Serum Testosterone Associated with Elevated Polychlorinated Biphenyl Concentrations in Native American Men
AN  - 21257053; 11704165
AB  - Background Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and chlorinated pesticides are endocrine disruptors, altering both thyroid and estrogen hormonal systems. Less is known of action on androgenic systems. Objective We studied the relationship between serum concentrations of testosterone in relation to levels of PCBs and three chlorinated pesticides in an adult Native American (Mohawk) population. Methods We collected fasting serum samples from 703 adult Mohawks (257 men and 436 women) and analyzed samples for 101 PCB congeners, hexachlorobenzene (HCB), dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), and mirex, as well as testosterone, cholesterol, and triglycerides. The associations between testosterone and tertiles of serum organochlorine levels (both wet weight and lipid adjusted) were assessed using a logistic regression model while controlling for age, body mass index (BMI), and other analytes, with the lowest tertile being considered the referent. Males and females were considered separately. Results Testosterone concentrations in males were inversely correlated with total PCB concentration, whether using wet-weight or lipid-adjusted values. The odds ratio (OR) of having a testosterone concentration above the median was 0.17 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.05a0.69] for total wet-weight PCBs (highest vs. lowest tertile) after adjustment for age, BMI, total serum lipids, and three pesticides. The OR for lipid-adjusted total PCB concentration was 0.23 (95% CI, 0.06a0.78) after adjustment for other analytes. Testosterone levels were significantly and inversely related to concentrations of PCBs 74, 99, 153, and 206, but not PCBs 52, 105, 118, 138, 170, 180, 201, or 203. Testosterone concentrations in females are much lower than in males, and not significantly related to serum PCBs. HCB, DDE, and mirex were not associated with testosterone concentration in either men or women. Conclusions Elevation in serum PCB levels is associated with a lower concentration of serum testosterone in Native American men.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Goncharov, Alexey
AU  - Rej, Robert
AU  - Negoita, Serban
AU  - Schymura, Maria
AU  - Santiago-Rivera, Azara
AU  - Morse, Gayle
AU  - Carpenter, David O
AD  - Department of Environmental Health Sciences and
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Sep 2009
SP  - 1454
EP  - 1460
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 9
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - DDE
KW  - endocrine disruption
KW  - hexachlorobenzene mirex
KW  - Native Americans
KW  - Bioaccumulation
KW  - Insecticides
KW  - Nitrous oxide
KW  - Lipids
KW  - Pesticides
KW  - Mirex
KW  - PCB compounds
KW  - Ethnic groups
KW  - ENA 09:Land Use & Planning
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Insecticides; Bioaccumulation; Nitrous oxide; Lipids; DDE; Pesticides; Mirex; PCB compounds; Ethnic groups
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0800134
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Influence of Prenatal Lead Exposure on Genomic Methylation of Cord Blood DNA
AN  - 21256787; 11702320
AB  - Background Fetal lead exposure is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes and developmental and cognitive deficits; however, the mechanism(s) by which lead-induced toxicity occurs remains unknown. Epigenetic fetal programming via DNA methylation may provide a pathway by which environmental lead exposure can influence disease susceptibility. Objective This study was designed to determine whether prenatal lead exposure is associated with alterations in genomic methylation of leukocyte DNA levels from umbilical cord samples. Methods We measured genomic DNA methylation, as assessed by Alu and LINE-1 (long interspersed nuclear element-1) methylation via pyrosequencing, on 103 umbilical cord blood samples from the biorepository of the Early Life Exposures in Mexico to Environmental Toxicants (ELEMENT) study group. Prenatal lead exposure had been assessed by measuring maternal bone lead levels at the mid-tibial shaft and the patella using a spot-source super(109)Cd K-shell X-ray fluorescence instrument. Results We found an inverse dosearesponse relationship in which quartiles of patella lead correlated with cord LINE-1 methylation (p for trend = 0.01) and and tibia lead correlated with Alu methylation (p for trend = 0.05). In mixed effects regression models, maternal tibia lead was negatively associated with umbilical cord genomic DNA methylation of Alu (I2= a0.027; p = 0.01). We found no associations between cord blood lead and cord genomic DNA methylation. Conclusions Prenatal lead exposure is inversely associated with genomic DNA methylation in cord blood. These data suggest that the epigenome of the developing fetus can be influenced by maternal cumulative lead burden, which may influence long-term epigenetic programming and disease susceptibility throughout the life course.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Pilsner, JRichard
AU  - Hu, Howard
AU  - Ettinger, Adrienne
AU  - Sanchez, Brisa N
AU  - Wright, Robert O
AU  - Cantonwine, David
AU  - Lazarus, Alicia
AU  - Lamadrid-Figueroa, HACOctor
AU  - Mercado-Garcia, Adriana
AU  - TACOllez-Rojo, Martha Maria
AU  - HernA!ndez-Avila, Mauricio
AD  - Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Sep 2009
SP  - 1466
EP  - 1471
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 9
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Environment Abstracts
KW  - blood lead
KW  - bone lead
KW  - DNA methylation
KW  - early life
KW  - epigenetics
KW  - fetal programming
KW  - genomic DNA methylation
KW  - intergenerational
KW  - lead exposure
KW  - life course
KW  - Mexico
KW  - Prenatal experience
KW  - Toxicants
KW  - Measuring instruments
KW  - Umbilical cord
KW  - Lead
KW  - Models
KW  - Cord blood
KW  - Regression analysis
KW  - genomics
KW  - Fluorescence
KW  - Data processing
KW  - Leukocytes
KW  - Patella
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - Fetuses
KW  - Blood levels
KW  - Pregnancy
KW  - Bone
KW  - Tibia
KW  - Cognitive ability
KW  - Ionizing radiation
KW  - DNA
KW  - N 14820:DNA Metabolism & Structure
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data processing; Prenatal experience; Fluorescence; Toxicants; Leukocytes; Patella; Toxicity; Lead; Umbilical cord; Fetuses; Models; Pregnancy; Cord blood; Tibia; epigenetics; Cognitive ability; Ionizing radiation; Regression analysis; DNA methylation; genomics; Bone; DNA; Measuring instruments; Blood levels; Mexico
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0800497
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Chemical Contamination of Green Turtle (Chelonia mydas) Eggs in Peninsular Malaysia: Implications for Conservation and Public Health
AN  - 21256770; 11702315
AB  - Background Persistent organic pollutants (POPs)asuch as organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs)aand heavy metals have been reported in sea turtles at various stages of their life cycle. These chemicals can disrupt development and function of wildlife. Furthermore, in areas such as Peninsular Malaysia, where the human consumption of sea turtle eggs is prevalent, egg contamination may also have public health implications. Objective In the present study we investigated conservation and human health risks associated with the chemical contamination of green turtle (Chelonia mydas) eggs in Peninsular Malaysia. Methods Fifty-five C. mydas eggs were collected from markets in Peninsular Malaysia and analyzed for POPs and heavy metals. We conducted screening risk assessments (SRAs) and calculated the percent of acceptable daily intake (ADI) for POPs and metals to assess conservation and human health risks associated with egg contamination. Results C. mydas eggs were available in 9 of the 33 markets visited. These eggs came from seven nesting areas from as far away as Borneo Malaysia. SRAs indicated a significant risk to embryonic development associated with the observed arsenic concentrations. Furthermore, the concentrations of coplanar PCBs represented 3 300 times the ADI values set by the World Health Organization. Conclusions The concentrations of POPs and heavy metals reported in C. mydas eggs from markets in Peninsular Malaysia pose considerable risks to sea turtle conservation and human health.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - van de Merwe, Jason P
AU  - Hodge, Mary
AU  - Olszowy, Henry A
AU  - Whittier, Joan M
AU  - Ibrahim, Kamarruddin
AU  - Lee, Shing Y
AD  - Griffith School of Environment and Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Sep 2009
SP  - 1397
EP  - 1401
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 9
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Organochlorine pesticides
KW  - Heavy metals
KW  - ISEW, Borneo
KW  - Aquatic reptiles
KW  - Life cycle
KW  - Eggs
KW  - Public health
KW  - Polybrominated diphenyl ethers
KW  - Nesting
KW  - Chemical pollution
KW  - Chemical contamination
KW  - PCB compounds
KW  - heavy metals
KW  - PCB
KW  - Metals
KW  - Arsenic
KW  - Mydas
KW  - persistent organic pollutants
KW  - Wildlife
KW  - Embryonic development
KW  - turtles
KW  - ISEW, Malaysia
KW  - life cycle
KW  - Breeding sites
KW  - Chelonia mydas
KW  - Conservation
KW  - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development
KW  - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION
KW  - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms
KW  - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries
KW  - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health
KW  - R2 23050:Environment
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-07
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Breeding sites; Heavy metals; Nesting; Aquatic reptiles; Embryonic development; Life cycle; Chemical pollution; PCB; Public health; Risk assessment; Metals; Arsenic; Organochlorine pesticides; persistent organic pollutants; Wildlife; turtles; Eggs; Polybrominated diphenyl ethers; life cycle; Conservation; Chemical contamination; PCB compounds; heavy metals; Mydas; Chelonia mydas; ISEW, Borneo; ISEW, Malaysia
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0900813
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - INFECTIOUS DISEASE: Digging into Seaside Microbial Exposures
AN  - 21251365; 11704168
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Spivey, Angela
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Sep 2009
SP  - A392
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 9
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Environmental health
KW  - Diseases
KW  - Public health
KW  - ENA 07:General
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=INFECTIOUS+DISEASE%3A+Digging+into+Seaside+Microbial+Exposures&rft.au=Spivey%2C+Angela&rft.aulast=Spivey&rft.aufirst=Angela&rft.date=2009-09-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=A392&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environmental health; Diseases; Public health
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Molybdenum Exposure and Semen Quality: How Robust Is the Evidence of an Effect?
AN  - 21251219; 11702321
AB  - Abstract not available.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Sorahan, Tom
AU  - Sullivan, Frank M
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Sep 2009
SP  - A386
EP  - A387
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 9
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Molybdenum
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Molybdenum
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0900922
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - A census of abyssal polychaetes
AN  - 21236504; 10970378
AB  - As part of the Census of Marine Life's programme of summarising existing knowledge of the oceans, records of all polychaete species collected below 2000m have been collated from the literature. A total of 3633 records was assembled into a database, revealing that 768 species, 358 of which were new to science, have been reported from the deep sea over the past 200 years. The limitations of the dataset are also discussed. Most of the records were obtained from between 2000m, the upper depth range of the study, and 4000m. Analyses of the distribution of records with time reveals that the majority of records were added in the 1960s to early 1980s, coincidental with the introduction of new collecting technologies. However, following this period there was a gap between the collecting of samples and the publication of taxonomic results. To reduce this time lag we are encouraging the use of the world-wide web with new tools and protocols to bring together taxonomists working on different sample sets and allow them to share and compare taxonomic data. As this is the first collation of abyssal polychaetes, the records were analysed to determine whether there is a distinct hadal fauna and whether the fauna of individual trenches was distinctive or a subset of the abyssal plain fauna. The results suggest that the hadal fauna contains few endemic species and that the majority are elements of the abyssal fauna that have extended their bathymetric range.
JF  - Deep Sea Research (Part II, Topical Studies in Oceanography)
AU  - Paterson, GLJ
AU  - Glover, A G
AU  - Barrio Frojan, CRS
AU  - Whitaker, A
AU  - Budaeva, N
AU  - Chimonides, J
AU  - Doner, S
AD  - Natural History Museum, London SW7 5BD, UK, g.paterson@nhm.ac.uk
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - September 2009
SP  - 1739
EP  - 1746
PB  - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl]
VL  - 56
IS  - 19-20
SN  - 0967-0645, 0967-0645
KW  - Paddle-footed annelids
KW  - Polychaetes
KW  - Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts
KW  - Biological surveys
KW  - Marine
KW  - Geographical distribution
KW  - Data processing
KW  - Taxonomists
KW  - Oceanography
KW  - Abyssal plains
KW  - Polychaeta
KW  - Databases
KW  - Endemic species
KW  - Oceans
KW  - Deep sea
KW  - Taxonomy
KW  - Census
KW  - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies
KW  - Q1 08242:Geographical distribution
KW  - O 1030:Invertebrates
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-02-18
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological surveys; Endemic species; Geographical distribution; Taxonomists; Census; Taxonomy; Abyssal plains; Databases; Data processing; Oceans; Oceanography; Deep sea; Polychaeta; Marine
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2009.05.018
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effects of management techniques on the establishment of eucalypt seedlings on farmland: a review
AN  - 21228581; 11718187
AB  - Research into the effects of seven management techniques on survival and growth of eucalypt seedlings planted on farmland is reviewed. The techniques include: pre- and post-planting weed control; soil cultivation; fertiliser; mulch; tree guards/shelters; and irrigation. The initial and ongoing effects of each technique are discussed-including the effects of timing, type and quantity. Consideration is given to site, species and climatic influences. A statistical analysis of the published survival rates is then presented, to provide information on the relative importance of, and interactions between, practices. The analysis shows that maximum survival may be achieved by using one or two management techniques. Combining this result with the insights gained from the review suggests that the use of soil cultivation and post-planting weed control are likely to achieve the greatest improvements in early eucalypt survival and growth.
JF  - Agroforestry Systems
AU  - Graham, Sonia
AU  - McGinness, Heather M
AU  - O'Connell, Deborah A
AD  - CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems, GPO Box 284, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia, sonia.graham@csiro.au
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Sep 2009
SP  - 59
EP  - 81
PB  - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany
VL  - 77
IS  - 1
SN  - 0167-4366, 0167-4366
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Soil
KW  - Fertilizers
KW  - weed control
KW  - Reviews
KW  - Irrigation
KW  - agricultural land
KW  - Seedlings
KW  - cultivation
KW  - survival
KW  - ENA 06:Food & Drugs
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Fertilizers; weed control; Reviews; Irrigation; cultivation; Seedlings; agricultural land; survival
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10457-009-9204-3
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Consensus Approach for Intrinsic Disorder Analysis for Heat Shock Protein Family
AN  - 21221264; 11292205
AB  - Intrinsic Disorder (ID) regions are implicated with various regulations, but, structure of few ID proteins is experimentally determined and huge amounts of such proteins are still unknown. Computational methods are novel ways to determine such ID regions rapidly and efficiently. There are some popular methods remain to predict that, although, their output varies. Present study attempted to take aggregated efforts to solve the problem. With that regard, we identified and analyzed the ID parts by a consensus approach for Heat Shock Protein (HSP) family and to interpret their significant functional relations. Heat shock proteins are also called tenseness proteins, are a group of protein, are present in all cells in all life lines. This family is very important for cellular function and regulations. Our approach is relevant with several others computational and experimental results. Results are considered only when greater than or equal to 60% accuracy maintained with a common state parameters. From HSP analysis, we headed to conclude that ID prediction for HSP are more univocal and thus their functional implications what we interpreted deserve for good sense. ID possesses more Serine/Thiamine sites and functional domains which are related with disorders and phosphorylations.
JF  - Biotechnology
AU  - Bhowmick, B K
AU  - Dawson, W
AU  - Majumder, P
AU  - Shimzu, K
AD  - Department of Biotechnology, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yaoyi Campus, Tokyo, GPO 113-8657, Japan
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Sep 2009
SP  - 306
EP  - 315
VL  - 8
IS  - 3
SN  - 1682-296X, 1682-296X
KW  - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts
KW  - double prime Id protein
KW  - Heat shock proteins
KW  - Phosphorylation
KW  - Thiamine
KW  - Computer applications
KW  - Serine
KW  - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - double prime Id protein; Heat shock proteins; Phosphorylation; Thiamine; Computer applications; Serine
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Serum Cholinesterase Inhibition in Relation to Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) Status among Organophosphate-Exposed Agricultural Pesticide Handlers
AN  - 21196913; 11574730
AB  - BACKGROUND: Animal studies have demonstrated that low paraoxonase-1 (PON1) status (i.e., low catalytic efficiency and/or low plasma PON1 activity) is associated with neurotoxic effects after exposure to several organophosphate (OP) insecticides. However, few human studies have investigated associations between PON1 status and intermediate end points, such as serum cholinesterase [butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE)] inhibition, among OP-exposed individuals. OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the relation between plasma PON1 status and BuChE inhibition among OP-exposed agricultural pesticide handlers. METHODS: Agricultural pesticide handlers in Washington State were recruited during the 2006 and 2007 spray seasons when they were seen for follow-up ChE testing by collaborating medical providers as part of a statewide monitoring program. Blood samples were collected from 163 participants and tested for PON1 status based on plasma PON1 activity [arylesterase (AREase)] and PON1 Q192R genotype. We evaluated percent change in BuChE activity from baseline level in relation to PON1 status. RESULTS: We observed significantly greater BuChE inhibition among QQ homozygotes relative to RR homozygotes (p = 0.036). Lower levels of plasma PON1 activity were significantly associated with greater BuChE inhibition (p = 0.004). These associations remained after adjustment for year, days since baseline test, age, and OP exposure in the last 30 days. CONCLUSIONS: We found that both low PON1 catalytic efficiency (i.e., the Q192 alloform) and low plasma PON1 activity were associated with BuChE inhibition among OP-exposed agricultural pesticide handlers. Corroborative findings from future studies with prospective collection of blood samples for PON1 testing, more sensitive markers of OP-related effects, and larger sample sizes are needed.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Hofmann, Jonathan N
AU  - Keifer, Matthew C
AU  - Furlong, Clement E
AU  - De Roos, Anneclaire J
AU  - Farin, Federico M
AU  - Fenske, Richard A
AU  - van Belle, Gerald
AU  - Checkoway, Harvey
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Sep 2009
SP  - 1402
EP  - 1408
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 9
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Environmental Engineering Abstracts
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Endotoxin and Cancer
AN  - 21194092; 11574746
AB  - OBJECTIVE: Exposure to endotoxin, a component of gram-negative bacterial cell walls, is widespread in many industrial settings and in the ambient environment. Heavy-exposure environments include livestock farms, cotton textile facilities, and saw mills. Concentrations are highly variable in non-occupational indoor and outdoor environments. Endotoxin is a potent inflammagen with recognized health effects, including fever, shaking chills, septic shock, toxic pneumonitis, and respiratory symptoms. Somewhat paradoxically, given the putative role of inflammation in carcinogenesis, various lines of evidence suggest that endotoxin may prevent cancer initiation or limit tumor growth. The hypothesis that components of bacteria may retard cancer progression dates back to William B. Coley's therapeutic experiments ("bacterial vaccine") in the 1890s. DATA SOURCES: In this article, we review epidemiologic, clinical trial, and experimental studies pertinent to the hypothesis that endotoxin prevents cancer. Since the 1970s, epidemiologic studies of cotton textile and other endotoxin-exposed occupational groups have consistently demonstrated reduced lung cancer risks. Experimental animal toxicology research and some limited therapeutic trials in cancer patients offer additional support for an anticarcinogenic potential. The underlying biological mechanisms of anticarcinogenesis are not entirely understood but are thought to involve the recruitment and activation of immune cells and proinflammatory mediators (e.g., tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-1 and -6). CONCLUSIONS: In view of the current state of knowledge, it would be premature to recommend endotoxin as a cancer-chemopreventive agent. Nonetheless, further epidemiologic and experimental investigations that can clarify further dose-effect and exposure-timing relations could have substantial public health and basic biomedical benefits.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Lundin, Jessica I
AU  - Checkoway, Harvey
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Sep 2009
SP  - 1344
EP  - 1350
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 9
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology
KW  - A 01490:Miscellaneous
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Hormesis: A Conversation with a Critic
AN  - 21192947; 11574734
AB  - OBJECTIVE: In this commentary I respond to points raised in the commentary by Mushak [Ad hoc and fast forward: the science and control of hormesis growth and development. Environ Health Perspect 117:1333-1338 (2009)], which principally concerns studies by me and my colleagues concerning the frequency of hormesis in toxicology. DISCUSSION: In this commentary I demonstrate that Mushak's analysis contains critical statistical errors and misunderstandings of statistical concepts that invalidate its conclusions concerning the frequency of hormesis in the toxicologic literature. CONCLUSIONS: In his commentary Mushak offers no significant new conceptual insights, and his key technical criticisms of hormesis frequency findings are unfounded.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Calabrese, Edward J
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Sep 2009
SP  - 1339
EP  - 1343
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 9
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Environmental Engineering Abstracts
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Maternal Pregnancy Levels of Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Risk of Hypospadias and Cryptorchidism in Male Offspring
AN  - 21192910; 11574713
AB  - BACKGROUND: The etiologies of the male urogenital anomalies cryptorchidism and hypospadias are poorly understood. It has been suggested, however, that in utero hormone levels may be related to risk. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals, including polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) compounds, may alter hormone levels and thereby affect the fetus. OBJECTIVES: To examine whether in utero PCB exposure is related to cryptorchidism and hypospadias, we examined PCB levels among pregnant women enrolled in the Collaborative Perinatal Project (CPP). METHODS: The CPP enrolled pregnant women at 12 U.S. medical centers between 1959 and 1965. For the present research, we analyzed third-trimester serum samples from the mothers of 230 sons with cryptorchidism, 201 sons with hypospadias, and 593 sons with neither condition. We estimated adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using logistic regression and examined the associations of each anomaly with individual PCB congener levels, sum of PCBs, and several functional groupings of PCBs. RESULTS: In general, the ORs for cryptorchidism or hypospadias showed no notable associations with individual PCB congener levels or functional groupings of PCBs. However, the ORs and 95% CIs for the sum of PCBs associated with hypospadias were as follows: 0-1.9 microg/L, reference group; 2-2.9 microg/L, OR = 1.57, 95% CI, 1.05-2.34; 3-3.9 microg/L, OR = 1.45, 95% CI, 0.90-2.34; and or = 4.0 microg/L, OR = 1.69, 95% CI, 1.06-2.68; p-value for trend = 0.08. CONCLUSIONS: Given the large number of associations examined, these findings do not strongly support the hypothesis that PCBs are associated with cryptorchidism or hypospadias. Because population serum PCB levels at the time of sample collection were considerably higher than levels at present, it is unlikely that current PCB exposure is related to the development of either anomaly.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - McGlynn, Katherine A
AU  - Guo, Xuguang
AU  - Graubard, Barry I
AU  - Brock, John W
AU  - Klebanoff, Mark A
AU  - Longnecker, Matthew P
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Sep 2009
SP  - 1472
EP  - 1476
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 9
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Pollution Abstracts
KW  - Chemicals
KW  - USA
KW  - Etiology
KW  - endocrine disruptors
KW  - males
KW  - PCB compounds
KW  - Hormones
KW  - offspring
KW  - Pregnancy
KW  - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chemicals; Etiology; endocrine disruptors; males; Hormones; PCB compounds; Pregnancy; offspring; USA
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Precautionary Principle in the Context of Mobile Phone and Base Station Radiofrequency Exposures
AN  - 21192151; 11574744
AB  - BACKGROUND: No health hazard has been established from exposure to radiofrequency fields up to the levels recommended by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection. However, in response to public concern and the perceived level of scientific uncertainty, there are continuing calls for the application of the precautionary principle to radiofrequency exposures from mobile phones and base stations. OBJECTIVE: We examined the international evolution of calls for precautionary measures in relation to mobile phones and base stations, with particular focus on Australia and the United Kingdom. RESULTS: The precautionary principle is difficult to define, and there is no widespread agreement as to how it should be implemented. However, there is a strong argument that precautionary measures should not be implemented in the absence of reliable scientific data and logical reasoning pointing to a possible health hazard. There is also experimental evidence that precautionary advice may increase public concern. CONCLUSION: We argue that conservative exposure standards, technical features that minimize unnecessary exposures, ongoing research, regular review of standards, and availability of consumer information make mobile communications inherently precautionary. Commonsense measures can be adopted by individuals, governments, and industry to address public concern while ensuring that mobile networks are developed for the benefit of society.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Dolan, Mike
AU  - Rowley, Jack
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Sep 2009
SP  - 1329
EP  - 1332
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 9
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts
KW  - X 24390:Radioactive Materials
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Pesticide Exposure and Hypertensive Disorders during Pregnancy
AN  - 21192126; 11574728
AB  - BACKGROUND: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, including pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) and preeclampsia (PE), complicate 2-8% of pregnancies. Few studies have examined environmental risk factors in relation to these conditions. OBJECTIVES: Our goal was to examine whether pesticide exposure during pregnancy was associated with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. METHODS: We analyzed self-reported data from 11,274 wives of farmers enrolled in the Agricultural Health Study (AHS) between 1993 and 1997. Using logistic regression models, we estimated the adjusted odds ratios (AORs) for PIH and PE associated with pesticide-related activities during the first trimester of pregnancy. RESULTS: First-trimester residential and agricultural activities with potential exposure to pesticides were associated with both PIH [residential AOR = 1.27; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.02-1.60; agricultural AOR = 1.60; 95% CI, 1.05-2.45] and PE (residential AOR = 1.32; 95% CI, 1.02-1.70; agricultural AOR = 2.07; 95% CI, 1.34-3.21). CONCLUSIONS: Exposure to pesticides during pregnancy may increase the risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Laboratory research may provide insights into relationships between pesticide exposure and hypertensive diseases of pregnancy.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Saldana, Tina M
AU  - Basso, Olga
AU  - Baird, Donna D
AU  - Hoppin, Jane A
AU  - Weinberg, Clarice R
AU  - Blair, Aaron
AU  - Alavanja, Michael C R
AU  - Sandler, Dale P
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Sep 2009
SP  - 1393
EP  - 1396
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 9
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts
KW  - X 24330:Agrochemicals
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Serum Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether (PBDE) Levels Are Higher in Children (2-5 Years of Age) than in Infants and Adults
AN  - 21191073; 11574711
AB  - BACKGROUND: Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are used as flame retardants in many products and have been detected in human samples worldwide. Limited data show that concentrations are elevated in young children. OBJECTIVES: We investigated the association between PBDEs and age with an emphasis on young children from Australia in 2006-2007. METHODS: We collected human blood serum samples (n = 2,420), which we stratified by age and sex and pooled for analysis of PBDEs. RESULTS: The sum of BDE-47, -99, -100, and -153 concentrations ( summation operator(4)PBDE) increased from 0-0.5 years (mean +/- SD, 14 +/- 3.4 ng/g lipid) to peak at 2.6-3 years (51 +/- 36 ng/g lipid; p 0.001) and then decreased until 31-45 years (9.9 +/- 1.6 ng/g lipid). We observed no further significant decrease among ages 31-45, 45-60 (p = 0.964), or 60 years (p = 0.894). The mean summation operator(4)PBDE concentration in cord blood (24 +/- 14 ng/g lipid) did not differ significantly from that in adult serum at ages 15-30 (p = 0.198) or 31-45 years (p = 0.140). We found no temporal trend when we compared the present results with Australian PBDE data from 2002-2005. PBDE concentrations were higher in males than in females; however, this difference reached statistical significance only for BDE-153 (p = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The observed peak concentration at 2.6-3 years of age is later than the period when breast-feeding is typically ceased. This suggests that in addition to the exposure via human milk, young children have higher exposure to these chemicals and/or a lower capacity to eliminate them.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Toms, Leisa-Maree L
AU  - Sjoedin, Andreas
AU  - Harden, Fiona
AU  - Hobson, Peter
AU  - Jones, Richard
AU  - Edenfield, Emily
AU  - Mueller, Jochen F
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Sep 2009
SP  - 1461
EP  - 1465
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 9
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts
KW  - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Modification of the Interleukin-6 Response to Air Pollution by Interleukin-6 and Fibrinogen Polymorphisms
AN  - 21190596; 11574725
AB  - BACKGROUND: Evidence suggests that cardiovascular effects of air pollution are mediated by inflammation and that air pollution can induce genetic expression of the interleukin-6 gene (IL6). OBJECTIVES: We investigated whether IL6 and fibrinogen gene variants can affect plasma IL-6 responses to air pollution in patients with cardiovascular disease. METHODS: We repeatedly determined plasma IL-6 in 955 myocardial infarction survivors from six European cities (n = 5,539). We conducted city-specific analyses using additive mixed models adjusting for patient characteristics, time trend, and weather to assess the impact of air pollutants on plasma IL-6. We pooled city-specific estimates using meta-analysis methodology. We selected three IL6 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and one SNP each from the fibrinogen alpha-chain gene (FGA) and beta-chain gene (FGB) for gene-environment analyses. RESULTS: We found the most consistent modifications for variants in IL6 rs2069832 and FBG rs1800790 after exposure to carbon monoxide (CO; 24-hr average; p-values for interaction, 0.034 and 0.019, respectively). Nitrogen dioxide effects were consistently modified, but p-values for interaction were larger (0.09 and 0.19, respectively). The strongest effects were seen 6-11 hr after exposure, when, for example, the overall effect of a 2.2% increase in IL-6 per 0.64 mg/m(3) CO was modified to a 10% (95% confidence interval, 4.6-16%) increase in IL-6 (p-value for interaction = 0.002) for minor homozygotes of FGB rs1800790. CONCLUSIONS: The effect of gaseous traffic-related air pollution on inflammation may be stronger in genetic subpopulations with ischemic heart disease. This information could offer an opportunity to identify postinfarction patients who would benefit more than others from a cleaner environment and antiinflammatory treatment.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Ljungman, Petter
AU  - Bellander, Tom
AU  - Schneider, Alexandra
AU  - Breitner, Susanne
AU  - Forastiere, Francesco
AU  - Hampel, Regina
AU  - Illig, Thomas
AU  - Jacquemin, Benedicte
AU  - Katsouyanni, Klea
AU  - von Klot, Stephanie
AU  - Koenig, Wolfgang
AU  - Lanki, Timo
AU  - Nyberg, Fredrik
AU  - Pekkanen, Juha
AU  - Pistelli, Riccardo
AU  - Pitsavos, Christos
AU  - Rosenqvist, Marten
AU  - Sunyer, Jordi
AU  - Peters, Annette
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Sep 2009
SP  - 1373
EP  - 1379
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 9
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Immunology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts
KW  - Interleukin 6
KW  - Pollution effects
KW  - heart diseases
KW  - Homozygotes
KW  - Models
KW  - Carbon monoxide
KW  - Nitrogen dioxide
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Urban areas
KW  - Heart diseases
KW  - Weather
KW  - myocardial infarction
KW  - Subpopulations
KW  - Fibrinogen
KW  - Ischemia
KW  - Myocardial infarction
KW  - Inflammation
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - subpopulations
KW  - Single-nucleotide polymorphism
KW  - Reviews
KW  - Cardiovascular diseases
KW  - Additives
KW  - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION
KW  - F 06935:Development, Aging & Organ Systems
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Interleukin 6; Weather; Subpopulations; Fibrinogen; Ischemia; Homozygotes; Myocardial infarction; Inflammation; Models; Nitrogen dioxide; Air pollution; Carbon monoxide; Pollutants; Single-nucleotide polymorphism; Reviews; Cardiovascular diseases; Heart diseases; myocardial infarction; subpopulations; Pollution effects; Additives; heart diseases; Urban areas
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Polycarbonate Bottle Use and Urinary Bisphenol A Concentrations
AN  - 21190585; 11574724
AB  - BACKGROUND: Bisphenol A (BPA) is a high-production-volume chemical commonly used in the manufacture of polycarbonate plastic. Low-level concentrations of BPA in animals and possibly in humans may cause endocrine disruption. Whether ingestion of food or beverages from polycarbonate containers increases BPA concentrations in humans has not been studied. OBJECTIVES: We examined the association between use of polycarbonate beverage containers and urinary BPA concentrations in humans. METHODS: We conducted a nonrandomized intervention of 77 Harvard College students to compare urinary BPA concentrations collected after a washout phase of 1 week to those taken after an intervention week during which most cold beverages were consumed from polycarbonate drinking bottles. Paired t-tests were used to assess the difference in urinary BPA concentrations before and after polycarbonate bottle use. RESULTS: The geometric mean urinary BPA concentration at the end of the washout phase was 1.2 microg/g creatinine, increasing to 2.0 microg/g creatinine after 1 week of polycarbonate bottle use. Urinary BPA concentrations increased by 69% after use of polycarbonate bottles (p 0.0001). The association was stronger among participants who reported or = 90% compliance (77% increase; p 0.0001) than among those reporting 90% compliance (55% increase; p = 0.03), but this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.54). CONCLUSIONS: One week of polycarbonate bottle use increased urinary BPA concentrations by two-thirds. Regular consumption of cold beverages from polycarbonate bottles is associated with a substantial increase in urinary BPA concentrations irrespective of exposure to BPA from other sources.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Carwile, Jenny L
AU  - Luu, Henry T
AU  - Bassett, Laura S
AU  - Driscoll, Daniel A
AU  - Yuan, Caterina
AU  - Chang, Jennifer Y
AU  - Ye, Xiaoyun
AU  - Calafat, Antonia M
AU  - Michels, Karin B
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Sep 2009
SP  - 1368
EP  - 1372
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 9
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts; Environmental Engineering Abstracts
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Urine Arsenic Concentrations and Species Excretion Patterns in American Indian Communities Over a 10-year Period: The Strong Heart Study
AN  - 21190091; 11574720
AB  - BACKGROUND: Arsenic exposure in drinking water disproportionately affects small communities in some U.S. regions, including American Indian communities. In U.S. adults with no seafood intake, median total urine arsenic is 3.4 microg/L. OBJECTIVE: We evaluated arsenic exposure and excretion patterns using urine samples collected over 10 years in a random sample of American Indians from Arizona, Oklahoma, and North and South Dakota who participated in a cohort study from 1989 to 1999. METHODS: We measured total urine arsenic and arsenic species [inorganic arsenic (arsenite and arsenate), methylarsonate (MA), dimethylarsinate (DMA), and arsenobetaine] concentrations in 60 participants (three urine samples each, for a total of 180 urine samples) using inductively coupled plasma/mass spectrometry (ICPMS) and high-performance liquid chromatography/ICPMS, respectively. RESULTS: Median (10th, 90th percentiles) urine concentration for the sum of inorganic arsenic, MA, and DMA at baseline was 7.2 (3.1, 16.9) microg/g creatinine; the median was higher in Arizona (12.5 microg/g), intermediate in the Dakotas (9.1 microg/g), and lower in Oklahoma (4.4 microg/g). The mean percentage distribution of arsenic species over the sum of inorganic and methylated species was 10.6% for inorganic arsenic, 18.4% for MA, and 70.9% for DMA. The intraclass correlation coefficient for three repeated arsenic measurements over a 10-year period was 0.80 for the sum of inorganic and methylated species and 0.64, 0.80, and 0.77 for percent inorganic arsenic, percent MA, and percent DMA, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This study found low to moderate inorganic arsenic exposure and confirmed long-term constancy in arsenic exposure and urine excretion patterns in American Indians from three U.S. regions over a 10-year period. Our findings support the feasibility of analyzing arsenic species in large population-based studies with stored urine samples.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Navas-Acien, Ana
AU  - Umans, Jason G
AU  - Howard, Barbara V
AU  - Goessler, Walter
AU  - Francesconi, Kevin A
AU  - Crainiceanu, Ciprian M
AU  - Silbergeld, Ellen K
AU  - Guallar, Eliseo
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Sep 2009
SP  - 1428
EP  - 1433
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 9
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts
KW  - X 24320:Food Additives & Contaminants
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Ad hoc and Fast Forward: The Science of Hormesis Growth and Development
AN  - 21168121; 11574745
AB  - BACKGROUND: Hormesis is a binary response phenomenon with low-dose stimulation (or inhibition) of effects by substances producing opposite high-dose responses. Hormesis, after decades of obscurity, has undergone a renaissance in recent years, with rapid growth benefiting greatly from the systematized efforts of such proponents as the hormesis group at the University of Massachusetts-Amherst led by Edward J. Calabrese. OBJECTIVE: In this commentary I analyze chemical hormesis methodology with reference to ad hoc scientific approaches for defining and characterizing hormesis. DISCUSSIONS: Proponents of hormesis have attempted a scientific characterization of hormesis through a battery of ad hoc methodologies using unvalidated criteria and other mechanisms for persistent database searches rather than through de novo hypothesis testing specific for hormesis. Here I discuss various scientific problems with this search-over-experiment approach, as well as other aspects of attempts at defining and characterizing the field. CONCLUSIONS: Wide acceptance of hormesis by the broad scientific community and adoption of hormesis by public agencies for inclusion in health and regulatory policies have not occurred. Reasons may include the singular nature of hormesis research and directions followed in hormesis methodologies.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Mushak, Paul
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Sep 2009
SP  - 1333
EP  - 1338
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 9
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts; Environmental Engineering Abstracts
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Serum Selenium Concentrations and Diabetes in U.S. Adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2004
AN  - 21167162; 11574731
AB  - BACKGROUND: Increasing evidence suggests that high selenium levels are associated with diabetes and other cardiometabolic risk factors. OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the association of serum selenium concentrations with fasting plasma glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin levels, and diabetes in the most recently available representative sample of the U.S. population. METHODS: We used a cross-sectional analysis of 917 adults or = 40 years of age who had a fasting morning blood sample in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2004. We evaluated the association of serum selenium, measured by inductively coupled plasma-dynamic reaction cell-mass spectrometry, and diabetes, defined as a self-report of current use of hypoglycemic agents or insulin or as fasting plasma glucose or = 126 mg/dL. RESULTS: Mean serum selenium was 137.1 microg/L. The multivariable adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval (CI)] for diabetes comparing the highest quartile of serum selenium ( or = 147 microg/L) with the lowest ( 124 microg/L) was 7.64 (3.34-17.46). The corresponding average differences (95% CI) in fasting plasma glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin were 9.5 mg/dL (3.4-15.6 mg/dL) and 0.30% (0.14-0.46%), respectively. In spline regression models, the prevalence of diabetes as well as glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin levels increased with increasing selenium concentrations up to 160 microg/L. CONCLUSIONS: In U.S. adults, high serum selenium concentrations were associated with higher prevalence of diabetes and higher fasting plasma glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin levels. Given high selenium intake in the U.S. population, further research is needed to determine the role of excess selenium levels in the development or the progression of diabetes.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Laclaustra, Martin
AU  - Navas-Acien, Ana
AU  - Stranges, Saverio
AU  - Ordovas, Jose M
AU  - Guallar, Eliseo
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Sep 2009
SP  - 1409
EP  - 1413
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 9
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Environmental Engineering Abstracts
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Decreased PM sub 10 Exposure Attenuates Age-Related Lung Function Decline: Genetic Variants in p53, p21, and CCND1 Modify This Effect
AN  - 21162837; 11574733
AB  - BACKGROUND: Decreasing exposure to airborne particulates was previously associated with reduced age-related decline in lung function. However, whether the benefit from improved air quality depends on genetic background is not known. Recent evidence points to the involvement of the genes p53 and p21 and of the cell cycle control gene cyclin D1 (CCND1) in the response of bronchial cells to air pollution. OBJECTIVE: We determined in 4,326 participants of the Swiss Cohort Study on Air Pollution and Lung and Heart Diseases in Adults (SAPALDIA) whether four single-nucleotide polymorphisms in three genes [CCND1 (rs9344 [P242P], rs667515), p53 (rs1042522 [R72P]), and p21 (rs1801270 [S31R])] modified the previously observed attenuation of the decline in the forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% of the forced vital capacity (FEF(25-75)) associated with improved air quality. METHODS: Subjects of the prospective population-based SAPALDIA cohort were assessed in 1991 and 2002 by spirometry, questionnaires, and biological sample collection for genotyping. We assigned spatially resolved concentrations of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter or = 10 microm (PM(10)) to each participant's residential history 12 months before the baseline and follow-up assessments. RESULTS: The effect of diminishing PM(10) exposure on FEF(25-75) decline appeared to be modified by p53 R72P, CCND1 P242P, and CCND1 rs667515. For example, a 10-microg/m(3) decline in average PM(10) exposure over an 11-year period attenuated the average annual decline in FEF(25-75) by 21.33 mL/year (95% confidence interval, 10.57-32.08) among participants homozygous for the CCND1 (P242P) GG genotype, by 13.72 mL/year (5.38-22.06) among GA genotypes, and by 6.00 mL/year (-4.54 to 16.54) among AA genotypes. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that cell cycle control genes may modify the degree to which improved air quality may benefit respiratory function in adults.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Imboden, Medea
AU  - Schwartz, Joel
AU  - Schindler, Christian
AU  - Curjuric, Ivan
AU  - Berger, Wolfgang
AU  - Liu, Sally L J
AU  - Russi, Erich W
AU  - Ackermann-Liebrich, Ursula
AU  - Rochat, Thierry
AU  - Probst-Hensch, Nicole M
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Sep 2009
SP  - 1420
EP  - 1427
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 9
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Pollution Abstracts
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Historical account
KW  - Lung
KW  - Aerodynamics
KW  - Pollution effects
KW  - Air quality
KW  - Respiratory function
KW  - Genotypes
KW  - Particulates
KW  - heart diseases
KW  - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Decreased+PM+sub+10+Exposure+Attenuates+Age-Related+Lung+Function+Decline%3A+Genetic+Variants+in+p53%2C+p21%2C+and+CCND1+Modify+This+Effect&rft.au=Imboden%2C+Medea%3BSchwartz%2C+Joel%3BSchindler%2C+Christian%3BCurjuric%2C+Ivan%3BBerger%2C+Wolfgang%3BLiu%2C+Sally+L+J%3BRussi%2C+Erich+W%3BAckermann-Liebrich%2C+Ursula%3BRochat%2C+Thierry%3BProbst-Hensch%2C+Nicole+M&rft.aulast=Imboden&rft.aufirst=Medea&rft.date=2009-09-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1420&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air pollution; Historical account; Lung; Aerodynamics; Pollution effects; Air quality; Particulates; Genotypes; Respiratory function; heart diseases
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Thyroid Function and Plasma Concentrations of Polyhalogenated Compounds in Inuit Adults
AN  - 21162817; 11574726
AB  - BACKGROUND: Several ubiquitous polyhalogenated compounds (PHCs) have been shown to alter thyroid function in animal and in vitro studies. So far, epidemiologic studies have focused on the potential effect of a small number of them, namely, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and some organochlorines (OCs), without paying attention to other important PHCs. OBJECTIVES: We investigated the relationship between exposure to several PHCs and thyroid hormone homeostasis in Inuit adults from Nunavik. METHODS: We measured thyroid parameters [thyroid-stimulating-hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (fT(4)), total triiodothyronine (tT(3)), and thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG)] and concentrations of 41 contaminants, including PCBs and their metabolites, organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), and a measure of dioxin-like compounds, detected in plasma samples from Inuit adults (n = 623). RESULTS: We found negative associations between tT(3) concentrations and levels of 14 PCBs, 7 hydroxylated PCBs (HO-PCBs), all methylsulfonyl metabolites of PCBs (MeSO(2)-PCBs), and 2 OCPs. Moreover, we found negative associations between fT(4) levels and hexachlorobenzene concentrations. TBG concentrations were inversely related to 8 PCBs, 5 HO-PCBs, and 3 OCPs. Exposure to BDE-47 was positively related to tT (3), whereas PFOS concentrations were negatively associated with TSH, tT(3,) and TBG and positively with fT(4) concentrations. CONCLUSION: Exposure to several PHCs was associated with modifications of the thyroid parameters in adult Inuit, mainly by reducing tT(3) and TBG circulating concentrations. The effects of PFOS and BDE-47 on thyroid homeostasis require further investigation because other human populations display similar or higher concentrations of these chemicals.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Dallaire, Renee
AU  - Dewailly, Eric
AU  - Pereg, Daria
AU  - Dery, Serge
AU  - Ayotte, Pierre
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Sep 2009
SP  - 1380
EP  - 1386
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 9
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Pollution Abstracts
KW  - Chemicals
KW  - Organochlorine pesticides
KW  - Organochlorine compounds
KW  - Thyroid
KW  - Metabolites
KW  - Hormones
KW  - Dioxins
KW  - Polybrominated diphenyl ethers
KW  - polybrominated diphenyl ethers
KW  - Canada, Quebec, Nunavik
KW  - human populations
KW  - PCB compounds
KW  - Hexachlorobenzene
KW  - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chemicals; Polybrominated diphenyl ethers; polybrominated diphenyl ethers; Organochlorine compounds; Organochlorine pesticides; Thyroid; Metabolites; human populations; Hormones; PCB compounds; Dioxins; Hexachlorobenzene; Canada, Quebec, Nunavik
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - A heavy rainfall event in northern Tasmania during 27 to 30 January 2004
AN  - 21104540; 11290299
AB  - A very heavy rainfall event in northern and northeastern Tasmania during 27 to 30 January 2004 is documented. Extensive flooding and substantial disruption occurred, and in some cases monthly and annual rainfall records were broken. A brief analysis is conducted of the meteorological factors that caused the event. Also, similar previous events are examined and the value of water vapour imagery as a short-term forecast tool is highlighted.
JF  - Australian Meteorological and Oceanographic Journal
AU  - Fox-Hughes, P
AD  - Bureau of Meteorology, GPO Box 727, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia, p.fox-hughes@bom.gov.au
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Sep 2009
SP  - 151
EP  - 166
VL  - 58
IS  - 3
SN  - 1836-716X, 1836-716X
KW  - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources
KW  - Marine
KW  - Value
KW  - Heavy rainfall
KW  - Annual rainfall
KW  - Rainfall
KW  - Flooding
KW  - Water vapour
KW  - Q2 09241:General
KW  - M2 556.16:Runoff (556.16)
KW  - SW 0815:Precipitation
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+Meteorological+and+Oceanographic+Journal&rft.atitle=A+heavy+rainfall+event+in+northern+Tasmania+during+27+to+30+January+2004&rft.au=Fox-Hughes%2C+P&rft.aulast=Fox-Hughes&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2009-09-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=151&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australian+Meteorological+and+Oceanographic+Journal&rft.issn=1836716X&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-07
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rainfall; Water vapour; Flooding; Annual rainfall; Heavy rainfall; Value; Marine
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Preliminary evaluation of electroencephalographic entrainment using thalamocortical modelling
AN  - 20843436; 11020689
AB  - The concept of linked oscillators in biological control systems has long been established. Frequency entrainment is a predominant explanation behind many biological rhythms. In this paper a preliminary examination of electroencephalographic entrainment is made to survey the possibility and methods of achieving signal entrainment at the highest level of neurological organization and function. A model of the thalamocortical system is employed to generate simulated electroencephalographic signals and is tested in various configurations in the search for entrainment under very simple conditions. Additionally, an analysis of the coupled Van der Pol model of the circadian rhythm controller is performed to identify the possibility of affecting that system with a drastically different coupling input signal. We were able to conclude that overall signal shape can have a significant impact on the entrainment characteristics of the system. Due to the nature of the underlying mathematical structure of the model, by examining the circadian rhythm controller, we found that it is unsuitable for entrainment to an incident entraining signal of much higher frequency.
JF  - Expert Systems
AU  - Cvetkovic, Dean
AU  - Powers, Robert
AU  - Cosic, Irena
AD  - RMIT University, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Melbourne, GPO Box 2476V, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia, dean.cvetkovicATrmit.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Sep 2009
SP  - 320
EP  - 338
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA
VL  - 26
IS  - 4
SN  - 0266-4720, 0266-4720
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts
KW  - EEG
KW  - entrainment
KW  - thalamocortical modelling
KW  - Van der Pol oscillator
KW  - Biological control
KW  - Entrainment
KW  - Cortex
KW  - Mathematical models
KW  - Circadian rhythms
KW  - Oscillators
KW  - Expert systems
KW  - Thalamus
KW  - N3 11002:Computational & theoretical neuroscience
KW  - A 01370:Biological Control
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-10-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological control; Entrainment; Mathematical models; Cortex; Circadian rhythms; Expert systems; Oscillators; EEG; Thalamus
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.2009.00493.x
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Cue synergy in Littorina littorea navigation following wave dislodgement
AN  - 20806559; 10890495
AB  - Under the assumption that dislodged intertidal gastropods have developed some adaptations to return to their original habitat, we investigated the cues involved in the navigation ability of Littorina littorea, following a simulated wave-dislodgement. Return rates decreased by 2 and 4-fold in the absence of chemical cues at the surface of the sediment and the rock, respectively. The 19-fold decrease in return rates observed in the absence of both cues suggests their synergistic effect on L. littorea navigation. Chemoreception might be much more involved in the navigation and the survival of intertidal gastropods following wave dislodgement than previously thought.
JF  - Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom
AU  - Chapperon, Coraline
AU  - Seuront, Laurent
AD  - School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide SA 5001, Australia, Coraline.Chapperon@flinders.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Sep 2009
SP  - 1133
EP  - 1136
PB  - Cambridge University Press, The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 2RU
VL  - 89
IS  - 6
SN  - 0025-3154, 0025-3154
KW  - Common periwinkle
KW  - Animal Behavior Abstracts; Chemoreception Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources
KW  - Marine
KW  - Sediment chemistry
KW  - Adaptations
KW  - Gastropoda
KW  - Navigation behavior
KW  - Survival
KW  - Habitat
KW  - Sediments
KW  - Orientation behaviour
KW  - Chemoreception
KW  - Littorina littorea
KW  - Chemical stimuli
KW  - Marine molluscs
KW  - Waves
KW  - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies
KW  - Y 25080:Orientation, Migration and Locomotion
KW  - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies
KW  - R 18002:Internal chemoreception
KW  - Q1 08423:Behaviour
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-09-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-05
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sediment chemistry; Chemical stimuli; Adaptations; Marine molluscs; Orientation behaviour; Chemoreception; Navigation behavior; Survival; Waves; Habitat; Sediments; Littorina littorea; Gastropoda; Marine
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0025315409000150
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Respiration rates in marine heterotrophic bacteria relate to the cytometric characteristics of bacterioplankton communities
AN  - 20804942; 10890503
AB  - Respiration in marine bacteria (fraction <0.6km) was investigated in 5 distinct coastal ecosystems. Respiration rates were estimated from the decrease of dissolved oxygen (O2) concentrations measured with a fibre-optic oxygen sensor (optode) during short-term incubations (5 to 6 hours) in the dark. Sub-populations of heterotrophic bacteria were defined and enumerated by flow cytometric analysis. Respiration rates ranged from 0.04 to 0.14kmol O2 l-1 h-1 and were not correlated to total bacteria abundances. In contrast, they significantly increased with the relative proportion of HDNA cells (i.e. high deoxyribonucleic acid content) within the bacterioplankton community. These results stress the need to relate bacterial respiration rates to the absolute and relative abundance of the different cytometrically defined sub-populations found in bacterial assemblages, rather than to total cell counts. This result indicates that only a fraction of bacterial cells may contribute to bacterial respiration, which indicates a reconsideration of the relevance of some previous estimates of bulk bacterial respiration and the related biogeochemical fluxes may be required.
JF  - Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom
AU  - Schapira, Mathilde
AU  - Pollet, Thomas
AU  - Mitchell, James G
AU  - Seuront, L
AD  - School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia, M.Schapira@ru.ac.za
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Sep 2009
SP  - 1161
EP  - 1169
PB  - Cambridge University Press, The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 2RU
VL  - 89
IS  - 6
SN  - 0025-3154, 0025-3154
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources
KW  - Marine
KW  - Sensors
KW  - Biogeochemistry
KW  - Respiration
KW  - Subpopulations
KW  - Bacterioplankton
KW  - Dissolved oxygen
KW  - Nannoplankton
KW  - Flow cytometry
KW  - Oxygen
KW  - DNA
KW  - Microorganisms
KW  - Heterotrophic bacteria
KW  - Q1 08482:Ecosystems and energetics
KW  - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment
KW  - Q2 09184:Composition of water
KW  - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies
KW  - O 1080:Multi-disciplinary Studies
KW  - J 02450:Ecology
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-09-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-05
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sensors; Biogeochemistry; Subpopulations; Respiration; Microorganisms; DNA; Dissolved oxygen; Nannoplankton; Flow cytometry; Oxygen; Heterotrophic bacteria; Bacterioplankton; Bacteria; Marine
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0025315409000617
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - CFD based investigations into optimization of coal pulveriser performance: Effect of classifier vane settings
AN  - 20801120; 10871383
AB  - In coal-fired power plant, pulveriser is the first major component, whose performance dictates the total power plant efficiency. Uniform flow rate and desired size fraction at outlet pipes along with higher classifier efficiency are three important measures which decide the pulverizer performance. Optimization of pulverizer at its best operating conditions has been considered as a potential area that needs to be addressed for improving unit performance, emissions, operations, and maintenance. The best operating conditions are optimum air velocity and classifier vane settings. In this investigation, numerical simulations of a typical pf coal based pulveriser have been carried out for different classifier vane settings to evaluate uniform flow rate and desired size fraction at outlet pipes along with high optimum classifier efficiency. The optimum opening for the vanes has been determined based on the above measures, which not only reduces unburnt CO, SO sub(x) and NO sub(x) emissions at boiler end but also minimise energy consumption of mill (in terms of reductions in regrinding cost). Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations of the coal classifier physical model indicate good agreement with the plant data, in terms of internal flow patterns, particle collection efficiency and desired cut size. From the simulation studies, optimum opening for the vanes is found to be 65% for selected utility which leads to closest uniformity with 60% classifying efficiency wherein 70% particles pass through 75 mu m sieve.
JF  - Fuel Processing Technology
AU  - Shah, K V
AU  - Vuthaluru, R
AU  - Vuthaluru, H B
AD  - Department of Chemical Engineering, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth 6845, Western Australia, h.vuthaluru@exchange.curtin.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Sep 2009
SP  - 1135
EP  - 1141
PB  - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl]
VL  - 90
IS  - 9
SN  - 0378-3820, 0378-3820
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Pipes
KW  - Simulation
KW  - Particulates
KW  - Coal
KW  - fluid dynamics
KW  - Flow rates
KW  - Efficiency
KW  - Emissions
KW  - Power plants
KW  - ENA 01:Air Pollution
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fuel+Processing+Technology&rft.atitle=CFD+based+investigations+into+optimization+of+coal+pulveriser+performance%3A+Effect+of+classifier+vane+settings&rft.au=Shah%2C+K+V%3BVuthaluru%2C+R%3BVuthaluru%2C+H+B&rft.aulast=Shah&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2009-09-01&rft.volume=90&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fuel+Processing+Technology&rft.issn=03783820&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.fuproc.2009.05.009
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-09-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Efficiency; Coal; Simulation; Power plants; Emissions; Particulates; Flow rates; Pipes; fluid dynamics
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2009.05.009
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Qualitative modelling and indicators of exploited ecosystems
AN  - 20796636; 10844469
AB  - AbstractImplementing ecosystem-based fisheries management requires indicators and models that address the impacts of fishing across entire ecological communities. However, the complexity of many ecosystems presents a challenge to analysis, especially if reliant on quantification because of the onerous task of precisely measuring or estimating numerous parameters. We present qualitative modelling as a complementary approach to quantitative methods. Qualitative modelling clarifies how community structure alone affects dynamics, here of exploited populations. We build an array of models that describe different ecosystems with different harvesting practices, and analyse them to predict responses to various perturbations. This approach demonstrates the utility of qualitative modelling as a means to identify and interpret community-level indicators for systems that are at or near equilibrium, and for those that are frequently perturbed away from equilibrium. Examining the interaction of ecological and socio-economic variables associated with commercial fisheries provides an understanding of the main feedbacks that drive and regulate exploited ecosystems. The method is particularly useful for systems where the basic relationships between variables are understood but where precise or detailed data are lacking.
JF  - Fish and Fisheries
AU  - Dambacher, Jeffrey M
AU  - Gaughan, Daniel J
AU  - Rochet, Marie-Joelle
AU  - Rossignol, Philippe A
AU  - Trenkel, Verena M
AD  - CSIRO Mathematical and Information Sciences, GPO Box 1538, Hobart Tasmania 7001, Australia
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Sep 2009
SP  - 305
EP  - 322
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA
VL  - 10
IS  - 3
SN  - 1467-2960, 1467-2960
KW  - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources
KW  - Ecosystems
KW  - Socioeconomics
KW  - exploitation
KW  - Models
KW  - Fishing
KW  - Commercial fishing
KW  - Socioeconomic aspects
KW  - Fishery management
KW  - Interspecific relationships
KW  - Fisheries
KW  - Feedback
KW  - Marine
KW  - Data processing
KW  - fishery management
KW  - Ecosystem disturbance
KW  - Community composition
KW  - Community structure
KW  - harvesting
KW  - Fish
KW  - Population structure
KW  - fishing
KW  - Harvesting
KW  - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development
KW  - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies
KW  - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology
KW  - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management
KW  - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-09-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-07
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Commercial fishing; Community composition; Socioeconomic aspects; Interspecific relationships; Fishery management; Population structure; Ecosystem disturbance; Harvesting; Fishing; Data processing; Community structure; Fisheries; Feedback; Models; Ecosystems; harvesting; Socioeconomics; fishery management; Fish; exploitation; fishing; Marine
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2979.2008.00323.x
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Greywater treatment by UVC/H sub(2)O sub(2); Greywater treatment by UVC/H sub(2)O sub(2)
AN  - 20793833; 10888869
AB  - Greywater treatment by UVC/H sub(2)O sub(2) was investigated with regard to the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD). A COD reduction from 225 to 30mgl super(-) super(1) (overall removal of 87%) was achieved after settling overnight and subsequent irradiation for 3h with 10mM H sub(2)O sub(2). Most of the contaminants were removed by oxidation since only 13% COD was removed by settlement. The removal of COD in the greywater followed a second-order kinetic equation, r=0.0637[COD][H sub(2)O sub(2)], up to 10mM H sub(2)O sub(2). A slightly enhanced COD removal was observed at the initial pH of 10 compared with pH 3 and 7. This was attributed to the dissociation of H sub(2)O sub(2) to O sub(2)H super(-). The treatment was not affected by total concentration of carbonate (c sub(T)) of at least 3mM, above which operation between pH 3 and 5 was essential. The initial biodegradability of the settled greywater (as BOD sub(5):COD) was 0.22. After 2h UVC/H sub(2)O sub(2) treatment, a higher proportion of the residual contaminants was biodegradable (BOD sub(5):COD=0.41) which indicated its potential as a pre-treatment for a biological process.
JF  - Water Research
AU  - Chin, W H
AU  - Roddick, F A
AU  - Harris, J L
AD  - Environmental, and Chemical Engineering, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476V, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia, felicity.roddick@rmit.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Sep 2009
SP  - 3940
EP  - 3947
PB  - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl]
VL  - 43
IS  - 16
SN  - 0043-1354, 0043-1354
KW  - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts
KW  - Biodegradability
KW  - Hydrogen peroxide
KW  - Chemical Oxygen Demand
KW  - Chemical oxygen demand
KW  - W 30910:Imaging
KW  - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION
KW  - SW 3070:Water quality control
KW  - AQ 00002:Water Quality
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-09-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-02-11
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hydrogen peroxide; Chemical oxygen demand; Chemical Oxygen Demand
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2009.06.050
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effectors of biotrophic fungi and oomycetes: pathogenicity factors and triggers of host resistance
AN  - 20781401; 10845689
AB  - SummaryMany biotrophic fungal and oomycete pathogens share a common infection process involving the formation of haustoria, which penetrate host cell walls and form a close association with plant membranes. Recent studies have identified a class of pathogenicity effector proteins from these pathogens that is transferred into host cells from haustoria during infection. This insight stemmed from the identification of avirulence (Avr) proteins from these pathogens that are recognized by intracellular host resistance (R) proteins. Oomycete effectors contain a conserved translocation motif that directs their uptake into host cells independently of the pathogen, and is shared with the human malaria pathogen. Genome sequence information indicates that oomycetes may express several hundred such host-translocated effectors. Elucidating the transport mechanism of fungal and oomycete effectors and their roles in disease offers new opportunities to understand how these pathogens are able to manipulate host cells to establish a parasitic relationship and to develop new disease-control measures.New Phytologist (2009) 183: 993-1000doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.02922.x
JF  - New Phytologist
AU  - Dodds, Peter N
AU  - Rafiqi, Maryam
AU  - Gan, Pamela HP
AU  - Hardham, Adrienne R
AU  - Jones, David A
AU  - Ellis, Jeffrey G
AD  - 1Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Division of Plant Industry, GPO Box 1600, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Sep 2009
SP  - 993
EP  - 1000
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA
VL  - 183
IS  - 4
SN  - 0028-646X, 0028-646X
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality
KW  - avirulence
KW  - biotroph
KW  - effector proteins
KW  - haustoria
KW  - oomycete
KW  - resistance
KW  - rust
KW  - Genomes
KW  - Human diseases
KW  - Nucleotide sequence
KW  - Fungi
KW  - Malaria
KW  - Pathogens
KW  - Hosts
KW  - Infection
KW  - Host plants
KW  - Oomycetes
KW  - R protein
KW  - Public health
KW  - Pathogenicity
KW  - Haustoria
KW  - Avr protein
KW  - DNA
KW  - Translocation
KW  - Cell walls
KW  - A 01360:Plant Diseases
KW  - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies
KW  - Q1 08484:Species interactions: parasites and diseases
KW  - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms
KW  - K 03420:Plant Diseases
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-09-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-10-28
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Human diseases; Fungi; DNA; Malaria; Hosts; Pathogens; Cell walls; Public health; Nucleotide sequence; Infection; Host plants; R protein; Pathogenicity; Haustoria; Avr protein; Translocation; Oomycetes
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.02922.x
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Parasitoid control of aphids in organic and conventional farming systems
AN  - 20682805; 10066510
AB  - Organic farmers cannot use most commonly available synthetic insecticides to control crop pests and reduce economic losses due to pest outbreaks. Instead, they rely heavily on the activities of naturally occurring predators and parasitoids, particularly in broad-acre crops such as cereals. It is still unclear whether organic farms which typically support greater levels of biodiversity also experience greater levels of pest control services. We assess whether organic farming systems were better able to control cereal aphids due to a greater diversity and activity of naturally occurring parasitoid species. We anticipated greater parasitism rate of aphids in organic arable fields due to closer proximity to plants that provide resources for adult parasitoids and places that are suitable for overwintering, and the presence of alternate aphid hosts when cereals are absent. Aphids were collected from organic and conventional cereal crops, and screened for parasitoid DNA using diagnostic polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Aphid abundance was low across the season, however organic cereal fields had significantly greater aphid abundance. From the 1446 aphids screened we detected 12 parasitoid taxa. There was no difference in parasitism rate between the farming systems (org. mean mortality 20.9+/-3.3% s.e., con. 29.8+/-4.9%). Furthermore, there was no difference between farming systems in hyperparasitoid attack and multiparasitism rates, parasitoid richness and parasitoid community diversity. The most abundant species recorded on organic and conventional farms was the generalist aphid primary parasitoid Ephedrus plagiator. It appears that the extra plant diversity and greater area of semi-natural habitats on organic farms offer no advantage for increasing cereal aphid parasitoid diversity, at least at the aphid abundances encountered during the sampling period.
JF  - Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment
AU  - Macfadyen, S
AU  - Gibson, R
AU  - Raso, L
AU  - Sint, D
AU  - Traugott, M
AU  - Memmott, J
AD  - Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia, sarina.macfadyen@csiro.au
Y1  - 2009/09//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Sep 2009
SP  - 14
EP  - 18
PB  - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl]
VL  - 133
IS  - 1-2
SN  - 0167-8809, 0167-8809
KW  - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - plant diversity
KW  - Farms
KW  - Ecosystems
KW  - Aphididae
KW  - Abundance
KW  - Biological diversity
KW  - Sustainable development
KW  - Parasitism
KW  - Crops
KW  - Rhopalosiphum padi
KW  - pests
KW  - Insecticides
KW  - Cereals
KW  - overwintering
KW  - Economics
KW  - agriculture
KW  - Pest control
KW  - abundance
KW  - Parasitoids
KW  - taxa
KW  - farms
KW  - Polymerase chain reaction
KW  - Pests
KW  - Mortality
KW  - pest outbreaks
KW  - Organic farming
KW  - predators
KW  - DNA
KW  - ENA 06:Food & Drugs
KW  - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development
KW  - Z 05350:Medical, Veterinary, and Agricultural Entomology
KW  - D 04060:Management and Conservation
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-07-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Farms; Cereals; Economics; Abundance; Polymerase chain reaction; Pests; Parasitism; Crops; Parasitoids; plant diversity; Mortality; Ecosystems; pest outbreaks; agriculture; Sustainable development; Biological diversity; Pest control; taxa; Organic farming; predators; pests; Insecticides; overwintering; farms; DNA; abundance; Rhopalosiphum padi; Aphididae
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2009.04.012
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Reporting and Disclosure Requirements for Institutions of Higher Education to Participate in Federal Student Aid Programs under Title IV of the Higher Education Act
AN  - 58836092; 2008-423472
AB  - Federal student aid programs are authorized under Title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965. Institutions that participate in one or more Title IV programs, or that seek to begin participating in these programs, are subject to a wide range of requirements under the act to report or disclose information to the Secretary of Education, to students, to the public, or to other entities; and this report provides an in-depth examination of the reporting and disclosure requirements applicable to institutions of higher education (IHEs) that participate in Title IV federal student aid programs. Tables, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Aug 31 2009, 115 pp.
AU  - Smole, David P
Y1  - 2009/08/31/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Aug 31
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Education and education policy - Education financing and facilities
KW  - Education and education policy - Education
KW  - Education and education policy - Education personnel and population
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Public finance
KW  - Education
KW  - College students
KW  - Government loans and grants
KW  - Student loans
KW  - Federal aid
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40789_20090831.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40789
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Identity Theft: Trends and Issues
AN  - 58844359; 2010-442842
AB  - In securing the nation and its economic health, policymakers are also tasked with reducing identity theft and its impact. Congress continues to debate the federal government's role in (1) preventing identity theft and its related crimes, (2) mitigating the potential effects of identity theft after it occurs, and (3) providing the most effective tools to investigate and prosecute identity thieves. Tables, Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Aug 26 2009, 27 pp.
AU  - Finklea, Kristin M
Y1  - 2009/08/26/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Aug 26
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Social policy and social development
KW  - Administration of justice - Crime and criminals
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Identity theft
KW  - Crime and criminals
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40599_20090826.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40599
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Unauthorized Aliens Residing in the United States: Estimates since 1986
AN  - 58830400; 2008-423473
AB  - Estimates derived from the March Supplement of the US Census Bureau's Current Population Survey (CPS) indicate that the unauthorized resident alien population (referred to as illegal aliens) rose from 3.2 million in 1986 to 11.9 million in 2008, but it estimated that the unauthorized resident alien population has fallen to 10.8 million in 2009. Research suggests that various factors have contributed to the ebb and flow of unauthorized resident aliens, and that the increase is often attributed to the "push-pull" of prosperity-fueled job opportunities in the US in contrast to limited or nonexistent job opportunities in the sending countries. Tables, Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Aug 25 2009, 13 pp.
AU  - Wasem, Ruth Ellen
Y1  - 2009/08/25/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Aug 25
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Population groups, population policy, and demographics - Immigrants and aliens
KW  - Law and ethics - Citizenship, immigration, and immigration law and policy
KW  - Population groups, population policy, and demographics - Demography and census
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic conditions
KW  - Labor conditions and policy - Work and labor
KW  - United States
KW  - Aliens, Illegal
KW  - Alien labor
KW  - Population
KW  - Census
KW  - Economic conditions
KW  - Demographics
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL33874_20090825.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL33874
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Transatlantic Regulatory Cooperation: Background and Analysis
AN  - 58826950; 2008-423474
AB  - Commercial ties between the US and the 27-member European Union (EU) are substantial, growing, and mutually beneficial; however, differences in regulatory approaches limit an even more integrated marketplace from developing. To deal with this situation, a variety of government-to-government efforts have been created to dismantle existing regulatory barriers and to prevent new ones from emerging -- These efforts fall under the rubric of transatlantic regulatory cooperation (TRC) and are at the heart of today's US-EU economic relationship. This report is intended to serve as an introduction and primer on a complicated, broad, and often highly technical set of issues. Tables, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Aug 24 2009, 24 pp.
AU  - Ahearn, Raymond J
Y1  - 2009/08/24/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Aug 24
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - International relations - International relations
KW  - International relations - Regional organizations
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - Business and service sector - Business and business enterprises
KW  - United States
KW  - Government regulation of business
KW  - European Union
KW  - Economic relations
KW  - Regulation
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58826950?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Ahearn%2C+Raymond+J&rft.aulast=Ahearn&rft.aufirst=Raymond&rft.date=2009-08-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Transatlantic+Regulatory+Cooperation%3A+Background+and+Analysis&rft.title=Transatlantic+Regulatory+Cooperation%3A+Background+and+Analysis&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL34717_20090824.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL34717
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - CPAPER
T1  - Upscaling, Transport and Memory
T2  - 2009 Annual Conference of the International Association for Mathematical Geosciences (IAMG 2009)
AN  - 40343549; 5269386
JF  - 2009 Annual Conference of the International Association for Mathematical Geosciences (IAMG 2009)
AU  - Llerar, Geronimo
AU  - Gomez-Hernandez, Jaime
Y1  - 2009/08/23/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Aug 23
KW  - Memory
KW  - U 4300:Environmental Science
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L2  - http://pangea.stanford.edu/groups/iamg/agenda/agendav.01.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-09-28
N1  - Last updated - 2010-05-03
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Do logging, followed by burning, and wildfire differ in their decadal scale effects on tall open-forest bryophytes and vascular plants?
AN  - 20882219; 10241648
AB  - There has been only one time-controlled study, in Canada, comparing the occurrence of bryophyte species in forests regenerating after wildfire with that in those regenerating after logging and regeneration burning. Previous work on vascular plants in Tasmanian tall open-forest dominated by Eucalyptus showed that filmy ferns were less common in areas that had been logged and regeneration burned than in areas burned by wildfire two decades after the events, which suggested that hygrophilous species, such as bryophytes, might be vulnerable to this silvicultural system. Bryophytes, vascular plants structural and environmental data were collected from 50 sites, which had been burned in wildfires or clearfelled and burned by prescribed fires 31-39 years previously. Eighteen percent of the vascular plant species for which it was possible to develop a multiple regression model had logging /wildfire as a component, whereas the equivalent figure for bryophytes was 17%. The negative effects of logging were concentrated on the more hygrophilous species, and the positive effects were concentrated on the basal area of tree species and some of the mosses dependent on them. We conclude that wildfire and logging followed by regeneration burning result in vegetation differences that last more than three decades after disturbance, that these differences are no more pronounced for bryophytes than for vascular plants, and that hygrophilous taxa are favoured more by wildfire than logging.
JF  - Forest Ecology and Management
AU  - Turner, PAM
AU  - Kirkpatrick, J B
AD  - University of Tasmania, Private Bag 78, GPO, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia, J.Kirkpatrick@utas.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/08/20/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Aug 20
SP  - 679
EP  - 686
PB  - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl]
VL  - 258
IS  - 5
SN  - 0378-1127, 0378-1127
KW  - Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Environment Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts
KW  - silviculture
KW  - wildfire
KW  - Forest management
KW  - Trees
KW  - Forests
KW  - taxa
KW  - Eucalyptus
KW  - Logging
KW  - Vulnerability
KW  - Fires
KW  - disturbance
KW  - Data processing
KW  - regeneration
KW  - Vegetation
KW  - logging
KW  - burning
KW  - ferns
KW  - Dominant species
KW  - Wildfire
KW  - Canada
KW  - Plants
KW  - vulnerability
KW  - Burning
KW  - Q1 08221:General
KW  - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development
KW  - Q5 08501:General
KW  - ENA 15:Renewable Resources-Terrestrial
KW  - D 04060:Management and Conservation
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forest+Ecology+and+Management&rft.atitle=Do+logging%2C+followed+by+burning%2C+and+wildfire+differ+in+their+decadal+scale+effects+on+tall+open-forest+bryophytes+and+vascular+plants%3F&rft.au=Turner%2C+PAM%3BKirkpatrick%2C+J+B&rft.aulast=Turner&rft.aufirst=PAM&rft.date=2009-08-20&rft.volume=258&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=679&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Forest+Ecology+and+Management&rft.issn=03781127&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.foreco.2009.05.003
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-05-27
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Logging; Dominant species; Forests; Vulnerability; Forest management; Fires; Data processing; Wildfire; Plants; Burning; wildfire; silviculture; disturbance; regeneration; Trees; Vegetation; logging; taxa; burning; ferns; vulnerability; Eucalyptus; Canada
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2009.05.003
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Mercury Induces an Unopposed Inflammatory Response in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells in Vitro
AN  - 746080179; 12746944
AB  - The human immune response to mercury is not well characterized despite the body of evidence that suggests that Hg can modulate immune responses, including the induction of autoimmune disease in some mouse models. Dysregulation of cytokine signaling appears to play an important role in the etiology of Hg-induced autoimmunity in animal models. In this study, we systematically investigated the human immune response to Hg in vitro in terms of cytokine release. Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from 20 volunteers who donated blood six separate times. PBMCs were cultured with lipopolysaccharide and concentrations of mercuric chloride (HgCl2) up to 200 nM. Seven cytokines representing important pathways in physiologic and pathologic immune responses were measured in supernatants. We used multilevel models to account for the intrinsic clustering in the cytokine data due to experimental design. We found a consistent increase in the release of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1b (IL-1b) and tumor necrosis factor-a, and concurrent decrease in release of the antiinflammatory cytokines interleukin 1-receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) and IL-10 in human PBMCs treated with subcytotoxic concentrations of HgCl2. IL-4, IL-17, and interferon-g increased in a concentration-response manner. These results were replicated in a second, independently recruited population of 20 different volunteers. Low concentrations of HgCl2 affect immune function in human cells by dysregulation of cytokine signaling pathways, with the potential to influence diverse health outcomes such as susceptibility to infectious disease or risk of autoimmunity.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Gardner, Renee M
AU  - Nyland, Jennifer F
AU  - Evans, Sean L
AU  - Wang, Susie B
AU  - Doyle, Kathleen M
AU  - Crainiceanu, Ciprian M
AU  - Silbergeld, Ellen K
AD  - Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
Y1  - 2009/08/19/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Aug 19
SP  - 1932
EP  - 1938
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 2
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Risk Abstracts; Immunology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - immunotoxicity
KW  - inflammation
KW  - mercury
KW  - multilevel modeling
KW  - Interleukin 4
KW  - Interleukin 1
KW  - Autoimmune diseases
KW  - Chlorides
KW  - Animal models
KW  - tumors
KW  - Interleukin 1 receptor antagonist
KW  - Interleukin 10
KW  - Peripheral blood mononuclear cells
KW  - Infectious diseases
KW  - Interleukin 17
KW  - Cytokines
KW  - Lipopolysaccharides
KW  - Etiology
KW  - g-Interferon
KW  - Data processing
KW  - autoimmune diseases
KW  - Tumor necrosis factor-a
KW  - Inflammation
KW  - Mercuric chloride
KW  - Mercury
KW  - Immune response
KW  - Signal transduction
KW  - ENA 13:Population Planning & Control
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - F 06910:Microorganisms & Parasites
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Mercury+Induces+an+Unopposed+Inflammatory+Response+in+Human+Peripheral+Blood+Mononuclear+Cells+in+Vitro&rft.au=Gardner%2C+Renee+M%3BNyland%2C+Jennifer+F%3BEvans%2C+Sean+L%3BWang%2C+Susie+B%3BDoyle%2C+Kathleen+M%3BCrainiceanu%2C+Ciprian+M%3BSilbergeld%2C+Ellen+K&rft.aulast=Gardner&rft.aufirst=Renee&rft.date=2009-08-19&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=1932&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/10.1289%2Fehp.0900855
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-05-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Etiology; Interleukin 4; Data processing; g-Interferon; Autoimmune diseases; Interleukin 1; Animal models; Tumor necrosis factor-a; Interleukin 10; Interleukin 1 receptor antagonist; Inflammation; Peripheral blood mononuclear cells; Mercuric chloride; Infectious diseases; Interleukin 17; Lipopolysaccharides; Cytokines; Immune response; Signal transduction; autoimmune diseases; Chlorides; Mercury; tumors
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0900855
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Brazil-U.S. Relations
AN  - 58836793; 2008-423651
AB  - On January 1, 2007, Luis Inacio Lula da Silva, of the leftist Workers' Party (PT), was inaugurated to a second four-year term as President of Brazil. During the first Lula term, Brazil's relations with the US were generally positive, although President Lula prioritized strengthening relations with neighboring countries and expanding ties with nontraditional partners, including India and China. Brazil-US cooperation has increased during President Lula's second term, particularly on energy issues. Tables, Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Aug 18 2009, 25 pp.
AU  - Meyer, Peter J
AU  - Seelke, Clare Ribando
Y1  - 2009/08/18/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Aug 18
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - International relations - International relations
KW  - Government - Public officials
KW  - Energy resources and policy - Energy policy
KW  - United States
KW  - Energy policy
KW  - International cooperation
KW  - Brazil
KW  - Lula da Silva, Luiz Inacio
KW  - Foreign relations
KW  - book
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Meyer%2C+Peter+J%3BSeelke%2C+Clare+Ribando&rft.aulast=Meyer&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2009-08-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Brazil-U.S.+Relations&rft.title=Brazil-U.S.+Relations&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL33456_20090818.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-02-03
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL33456
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Influence of calcium compounds on the mechanical properties of fly ash geopolymer pastes
AN  - 20627353; 9334072
AB  - The influence of calcium compounds (CaO and Ca(OH) sub(2)) on the mechanical properties of fly ash based geopolymers has been studied. Calcium compounds were substituted in fly ash at 1, 2 and 3wt%, respectively. Curing of the geopolymers was performed at ambient temperature (20 super(o)C) and 70 super(o)C. Addition of calcium compounds as a fly ash substitute improved mechanical properties for the ambient temperature cured samples while decreasing properties for the 70 super(o)C cured samples. Seven days compressive strength of the ambient temperature cured samples increased from 11.8 (2.9) to 22.8 (3.8)MPa and 29.2 (1.1)MPa for 3% CaO and 3% Ca(OH) sub(2) additions, respectively.
JF  - Journal of Hazardous Materials
AU  - Temuujin, J
AU  - van Riessen, A
AU  - Williams, R
AD  - Department of Imaging and Applied Physics, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia, jtemuujin@yahoo.com
Y1  - 2009/08/15/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Aug 15
SP  - 82
EP  - 88
PB  - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/]
VL  - 167
IS  - 1-3
SN  - 0304-3894, 0304-3894
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts
KW  - Temperature effects
KW  - Calcium
KW  - Fly ash
KW  - Mechanical properties
KW  - X 24490:Other
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20627353?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.atitle=Influence+of+calcium+compounds+on+the+mechanical+properties+of+fly+ash+geopolymer+pastes&rft.au=Temuujin%2C+J%3Bvan+Riessen%2C+A%3BWilliams%2C+R&rft.aulast=Temuujin&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-08-15&rft.volume=167&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=82&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.issn=03043894&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jhazmat.2008.12.121
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-06-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Calcium; Fly ash; Mechanical properties
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.12.121
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - North Korea: Economic Leverage and Policy Analysis
AN  - 58823640; 2008-423649
AB  - The Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea (DPRK or North Korea) has participated in provocative military actions, a shift in power toward the military, emphasis on ideological purity, rising criticism of the US, and forwarding its nuclear and missile program. The economy of North Korea is of congressional interest because it provides the financial and industrial resources for the Kim Jong-il regime to develop its military and to remain in power, motivates refugees to flee the country, creates pressures to trade in arms or engage in illicit economic activity, requires humanitarian assistance, and creates instability that affects South Korea and China. Tables, Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Aug 14 2009, 61 pp.
AU  - Nanto, Dick K
AU  - Chanlett-Avery, Emma
Y1  - 2009/08/14/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Aug 14
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - International relations - International relations
KW  - United States
KW  - Economic relations
KW  - North Korea
KW  - Kim, Chong Il
KW  - Foreign relations
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58823640?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Nanto%2C+Dick+K%3BChanlett-Avery%2C+Emma&rft.aulast=Nanto&rft.aufirst=Dick&rft.date=2009-08-14&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=North+Korea%3A+Economic+Leverage+and+Policy+Analysis&rft.title=North+Korea%3A+Economic+Leverage+and+Policy+Analysis&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL32493_20090814.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL32493
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Saudi Arabia: Background and U.S. Relations
AN  - 58832506; 2008-423476
AB  - This report provides background information about Saudi Arabia and analyzes current issues in US-Saudi relations. A close Cold War-era relationship between the US government and the ruling Al Saud family was built on shared interests in securing Saudi oil production and in combating global Communism, but since the end of the Cold War, the emergence of the Al Qaeda terrorist threat and volatile regional security conditions in the Middle East have tested US-Saudi relations. Tables, Figures, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Aug 13 2009, 47 pp.
AU  - Blanchard, Christopher M
Y1  - 2009/08/13/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Aug 13
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - International relations - International relations
KW  - Government - Forms of government
KW  - Politics - Political ideologies and movements
KW  - Energy resources and policy - Petroleum and natural gas industries and products
KW  - International relations - International peace and security
KW  - United States
KW  - Monarchy
KW  - Petroleum industry
KW  - Saudi Arabia
KW  - Post-communism
KW  - Regional security
KW  - Al Qaeda
KW  - Foreign relations
KW  - Middle East
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58832506?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Blanchard%2C+Christopher+M&rft.aulast=Blanchard&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2009-08-13&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Saudi+Arabia%3A+Background+and+U.S.+Relations&rft.title=Saudi+Arabia%3A+Background+and+U.S.+Relations&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL33533_20090813.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-02-03
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL33533
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The Global Financial Crisis: Increasing IMF Resources and the Role of Congress
AN  - 58837583; 2010-442658
AB  - In April 2009, the leaders of the 20 systemically important industrialized and developing countries (G-20) agreed on several initiatives to bolster the International Monetary Fund's (IMF) resources, improving its ability to provide financial assistance to countries impacted by the ongoing financial crisis. Despite concerns about the process of authorizing and appropriating contributions to the IMF and the impact on the global economy of creating a large of amount of Special Drawing Rights (SDR), US participation in the funding agreement, and the requisite authorizations for IMF reform efforts, were included in the FY2009 Spring Supplemental Appropriations for Overseas Contingency Operations. Tables, Figures, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Aug 10 2009, 17 pp.
AU  - Sanford, Jonathan E
AU  - Weiss, Martin A
Y1  - 2009/08/10/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Aug 10
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - International banking and finance and financial institutions
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic conditions
KW  - United States
KW  - Special drawing rights
KW  - International monetary fund
KW  - International finance
KW  - Economic conditions
KW  - Developing countries
KW  - book
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Sanford%2C+Jonathan+E%3BWeiss%2C+Martin+A&rft.aulast=Sanford&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=2009-08-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+Global+Financial+Crisis%3A+Increasing+IMF+Resources+and+the+Role+of+Congress&rft.title=The+Global+Financial+Crisis%3A+Increasing+IMF+Resources+and+the+Role+of+Congress&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40578_20090810.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40578
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Department of Homeland Security Assistance to States and Localities: A Summary and Issues for the 111th Congress
AN  - 58838505; 2008-423483
AB  - The 111th Congress is expected to consider questions and issues associated with Department of Homeland Security programs that provide funding, training, or technical assistance to states, localities, tribes, and other entities to prepare for, respond to, and recover from man-made and natural disasters. This report summarizes these programs and identifies and analyzes potential issues for the 111th Congress, including (1) the purpose and number of assistance programs; (2) the evaluation of the use of grant funding; (3) the determination of eligible grant recipients; (4) the programs' funding amounts; and (5) the programs' funding distribution methodologies. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Aug 5 2009, 24 pp.
AU  - Reese, Shawn
Y1  - 2009/08/05/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Aug 05
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Government - Intergovernmental relations
KW  - Military and defense policy - National defense
KW  - International relations - International relief and humanitarian assistance
KW  - Environment and environmental policy - Weather, climate, and natural disasters
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Federal and local government relations
KW  - United States Homeland security department
KW  - Emergency preparedness
KW  - Technical assistance
KW  - Disasters
KW  - National defense
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40246_20090805.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-02-03
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40246
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Cancer Risk Disparities between Hispanic and Non-Hispanic White Populations: The Role of Exposure to Indoor Air Pollution
AN  - 746001275; 12747072
AB  - Hispanics are the fastest growing minority group in the United States; however, minimal information is available on their cancer risks from exposures to hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) and how these risks compare to risks to non-Hispanic whites. We estimated the personal exposure and cancer risk of Hispanic and white adults who participated in the Relationships of Indoor, Outdoor, and Personal Air (RIOPA) study. We evaluated 12 of the sampled volatile organic compounds and carbonyls and identified the HAPs of most concern and their possible sources. Furthermore, we examined sociodemographic factors and building characteristics. Cumulative cancer risks (CCRs) estimated for Hispanics (median = 519 10-6, 90th percentile = 3,968 10-6) and for whites (median = 443 10-6, 90th percentile = 751 10-6) were much greater than the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) benchmark of 10-6. Cumulative risks were dominated by formaldehyde and p-dichlorobenzene (p-DCB) and, to a lesser extent, by acetaldehyde, chloroform, and benzene. Exposure to all of these compounds except benzene was primarily due to indoor residential sources. Hispanics had statistically higher CCRs than did whites (p , 0.05) because of differences in exposure to p-DCB, chloroform, and benzene. Formaldehyde was the largest contributor to CCR for 69% of Hispanics and 88% of whites. Cancer risks for pollutants emitted indoors increased in houses with lower ventilation rates. Hispanics appear to be disproportionately affected by certain HAPs from indoor and outdoor sources. Policies that aim to reduce risk from exposure to HAPs for the entire population and population subgroups should consider indoor air pollution.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Hun, Diana E
AU  - Siegel, Jeffrey A
AU  - Morandi, Maria T
AU  - Stock, Thomas H
AU  - Corsi, Richard L
AD  - University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
Y1  - 2009/08/04/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Aug 04
SP  - 1925
EP  - 1931
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 2
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts
KW  - cancer risk assessment
KW  - formaldehyde
KW  - hazardous air pollutants
KW  - Hispanics
KW  - p-dichlorobenzene
KW  - personal exposure
KW  - Housing
KW  - Ventilation
KW  - Indoor air pollution
KW  - Pollution effects
KW  - Formaldehyde
KW  - Risk reduction
KW  - Minority groups
KW  - Benzene
KW  - Cancer
KW  - Carbonyl compounds
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - risk reduction
KW  - Chloroform
KW  - EPA
KW  - USA
KW  - benchmarks
KW  - Residential areas
KW  - Benchmarks
KW  - carbonyl compounds
KW  - Volatile organic compounds
KW  - Ethnic groups
KW  - minority groups
KW  - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development
KW  - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH
KW  - ENA 01:Air Pollution
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-05-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-05-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ventilation; Housing; Indoor air pollution; Formaldehyde; Pollution effects; Risk reduction; Minority groups; Carbonyl compounds; Cancer; Benzene; Air pollution; EPA; Chloroform; risk reduction; benchmarks; Residential areas; Benchmarks; carbonyl compounds; minority groups; Ethnic groups; Volatile organic compounds; USA
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0900925
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Passports: Current Regulations
AN  - 58836219; 2008-423477
AB  - Prior to 2007, little or no documentation was required to enter the US from Canada, Mexico, Bermuda, or the Caribbean, but in December 2004, with the 9/11 Commission recommending tighter borders to help prevent another terrorist attack, Congress passed the Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative (WHTI), which now requires passports for anyone entering the US. This report discusses changes to the passport process as well the new regulations and their application to children. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Aug 4 2009, 4 pp.
AU  - Epstein, Susan B
Y1  - 2009/08/04/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Aug 04
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Law and ethics - Citizenship, immigration, and immigration law and policy
KW  - Military and defense policy - National defense
KW  - Government - Nation state
KW  - International relations - War
KW  - Education and education policy - Information services and sources
KW  - Documentation
KW  - North America
KW  - Bermuda
KW  - September 11, 2001 attacks
KW  - Canada
KW  - Visas
KW  - Border areas
KW  - Caribbean region
KW  - Passports
KW  - National defense
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RS22802_20090804.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-02-03
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RS22802
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Role of the general practitioner in testing for genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection: an analysis of enhanced surveillance data
AN  - 807273635; 13812210
AB  - Background: To examine the relationship between genital chlamydia testing by healthcare providers and patient demographic characteristics in Tasmania, Australia, from 2001 to 2007. Methods: Analysis of enhanced surveillance data for genital Chlamydia trachomatis infections notified to the Tasmanian Communicable Diseases Prevention Unit between 1 January 2001 and 31 December 2007. Results: General practitioners identify most cases of genital chlamydia infection, irrespective of patient age, gender, indigenous status or urban status. Tests that are performed for screening purposes identify the largest number of cases in females, particularly in very young females. In males, tests performed due to the presence of clinical symptoms identify the majority of cases. However, tests performed for the purposes of contact tracing also identify a substantial burden of genital chlamydia infection, particularly in males. Conclusions: The present study demonstrates the critical role the general practitioner has in the identification of genital chlamydia infection. Opportunistic screening for genital chlamydia, including in the context of contact tracing, is an essential clinical activity that results in the identification of substantial numbers of cases of infection. Policy makers and public health practitioners should support general practice screening initiatives and remove the barriers to genital chlamydia screening in general practice.
JF  - Sexual Health
AU  - Shaw, Kelly
AU  - Stephens, Nicola
AU  - Coleman, David
AU  - O'Sullivan, Maree
AD  - Department of Health and Human Services, GPO Box 125, Hobart, Tas. 7000, Australia, kelly.shaw@dhhs.tas.gov.au
Y1  - 2009/08/03/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Aug 03
SP  - 208
EP  - 212
PB  - CSIRO Publishing, PO Box 1139 Collingwood Vic. 3066 Australia
VL  - 6
IS  - 3
SN  - 1448-5028, 1448-5028
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology
KW  - Demography
KW  - Age
KW  - Data processing
KW  - Chlamydia trachomatis
KW  - Infection
KW  - Contact tracing
KW  - Public health
KW  - J 02400:Human Diseases
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2012-03-29
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Demography; Age; Data processing; Contact tracing; Infection; Public health; Chlamydia trachomatis
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/SH09010
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection in urban Sydney women: prevalence and predictors
AN  - 807272038; 13812214
AB  - Background: The notification rate of female gonorrhoea in urban Sydney is very low. With the increasing use of nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT), demonstrating a low prevalence of gonorrhoea in women would have important implications for the reliability of positive results. We determined the prevalence of female cervical gonorrhoea in our urban sexual health clinic and identified associated clinical, behavioural and demographic variables that may allow more targeted screening practices. Methods: The Sydney Sexual Health Centre database was used to identify women tested for cervical gonorrhoea between 1997 and 2007. Diagnostic, demographic and behavioural information were extracted to ascertain the prevalence of gonorrhoea and describe variables associated with infection. Additionally, a case control study was conducted of cervical gonorrhoea cases from January 2000 to December 2005, with two gonorrhoea negative women selected for each case as controls. A blinded researcher examined each medical record to determine genital symptoms, being a contact of gonorrhoea, sex work, sex outside of Australia, injecting drug use. Results: Between 1997 and 2007, 77 women were diagnosed with cervical gonorrhoea, a prevalence of 0.37%. Results of the case control study reveal that women with gonorrhoea were more likely to be symptomatic [odds ratio (OR) 3.7, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.7-8.4], be a known contact of gonorrhoea (OR 264, 95% CI 149-470), or have had recent sex overseas, or with a partner from overseas (OR 1.75, 95% CI 1.11-2.75). Conclusion: Cervical gonorrhoea infection is rare in our urban sexual health clinic, and even more unlikely in asymptomatic women without risk factors. This low prevalence of gonorrhoea, particularly in asymptomatic women, decreases the reliability of positive NAAT test results. This has important implications for the screening of asymptomatic women presenting to urban sexual health clinics in Australia.
JF  - Sexual Health
AU  - McDonagh, Paula
AU  - Ryder, Nathan
AU  - McNulty, Anna M
AU  - Freedman, Eleanor
AD  - Sydney Sexual Health Centre, Sydney Hospital, GPO Box 1614, Sydney, NSW 2001, Australia, nathan.ryder@sesiahs.health.nsw.gov.au
Y1  - 2009/08/03/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Aug 03
SP  - 241
EP  - 244
PB  - CSIRO Publishing, PO Box 1139 Collingwood Vic. 3066 Australia
VL  - 6
IS  - 3
SN  - 1448-5028, 1448-5028
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology
KW  - Demography
KW  - Databases
KW  - nucleic acids
KW  - medical records
KW  - Risk factors
KW  - Infection
KW  - Drugs
KW  - Neisseria gonorrhoeae
KW  - Sex
KW  - J 02400:Human Diseases
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2012-03-29
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Demography; Databases; nucleic acids; medical records; Risk factors; Infection; Drugs; Sex; Neisseria gonorrhoeae
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/SH09025
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Diastereomers of the Brominated Flame Retardant 1,2-Dibromo-4-(1,2 dibromoethyl)cyclohexane Induce Androgen Receptor Activation in the HepG2 Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Line and the LNCaP Prostate Cancer Cell Line
AN  - 746075828; 12746912
AB  - Reported incidences of prostate cancer and masculinization of animals indicate a release of compounds with androgenic properties into the environment. Large numbers of environmental pollutants have been screened to identify such compounds; however, not until recently was 1,2-dibromo-4-(1,2-dibromoethyl)cyclohexane (TBECH) identified as the first potent activator of the human androgen receptor (hAR). TBECH has been found in beluga whales and bird eggs and has also been found to be maternally transferred in zebrafish. In the present study we investigated interaction energies between TBECH diastereomers (a, b, g, and d) and the hAR, and their ability to activate the receptor and induce prostate-specific antigen (PSA) expression in vitro. We performed computational modeling to determine interaction energies between the ligand and the AR ligand-binding site, and measured in vitro competitive binding assays for AR by polarization fluorometry analysis. We used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays to determine PSA activity in LNCaP and HepG2 cells. We found the g and d diastereomers to be more potent activators of hAR than the a and b diastereomers, which was confirmed in receptor binding studies. All TBECH diastereomers induced PSA expression in LNCaP cells even though the AR present in these cells is mutated (T877A). Modeling studies of LNCaP AR revealed that TBECH diastereomers bound to the receptor with a closer distance to the key amino acids in the ligand-binding domain, indicating stronger binding to the mutated receptor. The present study demonstrates the ability of TBECH to activate the hAR, indicating that it is a potential endocrine disruptor.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Khalaf, Hazem
AU  - Larsson, Anders
AU  - Berg, Haakan
AU  - McCrindle, Robert
AU  - Arsenault, Gilles
AU  - Olsson, Per-Erik
AD  - Oerebro Life Science Center, Academy of Science and Technology, Oerebro University, Oerebro, Sweden
Y1  - 2009/08/03/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Aug 03
SP  - 1853
EP  - 1859
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 2
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - androgen
KW  - brominated flame retardant
KW  - endocrine disruptor
KW  - Danio rerio
KW  - Amino acids
KW  - endocrine disruptors
KW  - Fire retardants
KW  - Cetacea
KW  - prostate cancer
KW  - Polarization
KW  - Immunoassays
KW  - bird eggs
KW  - whales
KW  - ENA 09:Land Use & Planning
KW  - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Diastereomers+of+the+Brominated+Flame+Retardant+1%2C2-Dibromo-4-%281%2C2+dibromoethyl%29cyclohexane+Induce+Androgen+Receptor+Activation+in+the+HepG2+Hepatocellular+Carcinoma+Cell+Line+and+the+LNCaP+Prostate+Cancer+Cell+Line&rft.au=Khalaf%2C+Hazem%3BLarsson%2C+Anders%3BBerg%2C+Haakan%3BMcCrindle%2C+Robert%3BArsenault%2C+Gilles%3BOlsson%2C+Per-Erik&rft.aulast=Khalaf&rft.aufirst=Hazem&rft.date=2009-08-03&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=1853&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/10.1289%2Fehp.0901065
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-05-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Amino acids; endocrine disruptors; Fire retardants; Polarization; prostate cancer; Immunoassays; bird eggs; whales; Danio rerio; Cetacea
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0901065
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Diagnostic Accuracy of a New Test of Early Nonword Repetition for Differentiating Late Talking and Typically Developing Children
AN  - 85716635; 200919335
AB  - Purpose: To assess the diagnostic accuracy of a new Test of Early Nonword Repetition (TENR) for 2-year-old children. Method: 232 British-English-speaking children aged 27 (+/-3) months were assessed on 3 standardized tests (receptive and expressive vocabulary and visual processing) and a novel nonword repetition (NWR) test. Parents completed a British adaptation of the MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventory: Words and Sentences (CDI:WS-UK; Klee & Harrison, 2001). The diagnostic accuracy of two versions (1-3 syllables and 1-4 syllables) of a new NWR test was examined. Standard diagnostic accuracy measures of sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratios, and diagnostic odds ratios were generated. Results: 177 children (80%) completed the 1-3 syllable task, and 96 children (73%) completed the 1-4 syllable task. The 1-3 syllable version produced a positive likelihood ratio (LR+) of 7.8 (confidence interval [CI] = 4.5-13.6) and a negative likelihood ratio (LR-) of .28 (CI = .12-.65). The 1-4 syllable version of the NWR test produced a LR+ of 14.88 (CI = 6.1-36.2) and a LR- of .13 (CI = .02-.83). Conclusion: The TENR could be useful for identifying 2-year-old children at risk of language impairment. Adapted from the source document
JF  - Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research
AU  - Stokes, Stephanie F
AU  - Klee, Thomas
AD  - Curtin U Technology, School of Psychology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia. s.stokes@curtin.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/08//
PY  - 2009
DA  - August 2009
SP  - 872
EP  - 882
VL  - 52
IS  - 4
SN  - 1092-4388, 1092-4388
KW  - British English (09700)
KW  - Language Impairment (42700)
KW  - Vocabulary (94830)
KW  - Visual Processing (94640)
KW  - Nonsense Words (58350)
KW  - Diagnostic Tests (18550)
KW  - Repetition (72923)
KW  - At Risk Populations (05320)
KW  - Children (11850)
KW  - article
KW  - 6410: language-pathological and normal; language and speech pathology
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LA  - English
DB  - Linguistics and Language Behavior Abstracts (LLBA)
N1  - Date revised - 2009-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-27
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diagnostic Tests (18550); Nonsense Words (58350); Repetition (72923); Children (11850); Vocabulary (94830); Visual Processing (94640); Language Impairment (42700); At Risk Populations (05320); British English (09700)
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Homeless in Dhaka: violence, sexual harassment, and drug-abuse.
AN  - 734049849; 19761080
AB  - Bangladesh has experienced one of the highest urban population growth rates (around 7% per year) over the past three decades. Dhaka, the capital city, attracts approximately 320,000 migrants from rural areas every year. The city is unable to provide shelter, food, education, healthcare, and employment for its rapidly-expanding population. An estimated 3.4 million people live in the overcrowded slums of Dhaka, and many more live in public spaces lacking the most basic shelter. While a small but growing body of research describes the lives of people who live in urban informal settlements or slums, very little research describes the population with no housing at all. Anecdotally, the homeless population in Dhaka is known to face extortion, erratic unemployment, exposure to violence, and sexual harassment and to engage in high-risk behaviours. However, this has not been systematically documented. This cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted to better understand the challenges in the lives of the homeless population in 11 areas of Dhaka during a 13-month period from June 2007 to June 2008. A modified cluster-sampling method was used for selecting 32 clusters of 14 female and male respondents, for a sample of 896. In addition to sociodemographic details, this paper focuses specifically on violence, drug-abuse, and sexual harassment. The findings showed that physical assaults among the homeless, particularly among women, were a regular phenomenon. Eighty-three percent of female respondents (n=372) were assaulted by their husbands, station masters, and male police officers. They were subjected to lewd gestures, unwelcome advances, and rape. Male respondents reported being physically assaulted while trying to collect food, fighting over space, or while stealing, by police officers, miscreants, or other homeless people. Sixty-nine percent of the male respondents (n=309) used locally-available drugs, such as marijuana and heroin, and two-thirds of injecting drug-users shared needles. The study determined that the homeless are not highly mobile but tend to congregate in clusters night after night. Income-generating activities, targeted education, gender-friendly community police programmes, shelters and crises centres, and greater community involvement are suggested as policy and programmatic interventions to raise the quality of life of this population. In addition, there is a need to reduce high rates of urban migration, a priority for Bangladesh.
JF  - Journal of health, population, and nutrition
AU  - Koehlmoos, Tracey Pérez
AU  - Uddin, Md Jasim
AU  - Ashraf, Ali
AU  - Rashid, Mashida
AD  - ICDDR,B, GPO Box 128, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. Tracey@icddrb.org
Y1  - 2009/08//
PY  - 2009
DA  - August 2009
SP  - 452
EP  - 461
VL  - 27
IS  - 4
SN  - 1606-0997, 1606-0997
KW  - Index Medicus
KW  - Young Adult
KW  - Urban Population -- statistics & numerical data
KW  - Humans
KW  - Multivariate Analysis
KW  - Cross-Sectional Studies
KW  - Sex Offenses -- statistics & numerical data
KW  - Sexual Harassment -- statistics & numerical data
KW  - Adult
KW  - Bangladesh -- epidemiology
KW  - Middle Aged
KW  - Adolescent
KW  - Sex Distribution
KW  - Female
KW  - Male
KW  - Substance-Related Disorders -- epidemiology
KW  - Emigration and Immigration
KW  - Homeless Persons -- statistics & numerical data
KW  - Violence -- statistics & numerical data
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date completed - 2009-11-24
N1  - Date created - 2009-09-18
N1  - Date revised - 2017-01-13
N1  - SuppNotes - Cited By:
Health Policy Plan. 2009 Sep;24(5):385-94 [19535539]
J Health Popul Nutr. 2008 Sep;26(3):261-72 [18831223]
N1  - Last updated - 2017-01-18
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Recycled Paper Research at the Library of Congress
AN  - 57742855; 200913400
AB  - Current awareness of environmental issues has led to many countries implementing governmental mandates for recycling of materials. One area of focus in the USA is recycled paper with the issuance of Executive Order 12873, "Federal Acquisition, Recycling, and Waste Prevention." This established specific requirements for Government purchasers of paper with Section 504 of this order defining minimum content standards for postconsumer recovered materials in printing and writing papers, 30 percent required from December 31, 1998. For libraries and archives where long-term storage and use of written materials and records are critical, the quality of the paper being manufactured with a recycled component is of concern for the longevity of these materials. The assessment of the archival quality, or permanence, of recycled paper is a current research focus at the Library of Congress Preservation Research and Testing Division where the impact of a range of factors on recycled paper are being investigated: percent content, quality, number of recycles and the effect of manufacturing processes on mechanical and chemical stability. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - International Preservation News
AU  - France, Fenella G
AU  - Kullman, Matthew
AD  - Preservation Research and Testing Division, Library of Congress
Y1  - 2009/08//
PY  - 2009
DA  - August 2009
SP  - 10
EP  - 16
PB  - Biblioteque Nationale de France, Paris, France
IS  - 48
SN  - 0890-4960, 0890-4960
KW  - Library of Congress
KW  - Preservation
KW  - Recycling
KW  - article
KW  - 9.15: TECHNICAL SERVICES - PRESERVATION
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LA  - English
DB  - Library & Information Science Abstracts (LISA)
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-27
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Preservation; Recycling; Library of Congress
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Do vegetables and fruits reduce the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease? A case-control study in Japan
AN  - 57310289; 200927265
AB  - Objective To investigate the relationship between vegetable and fruit consumption and the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a case-control study was conducted in central Japan in 2006. Methods A total of 278 referred patients with COPD diagnosed within the past four years and 340 community-based controls undertook spirometric measurements of respiratory function. A structured questionnaire was administered face-to-face to obtain information on demographics, lifestyle and habitual food consumption. Results The mean vegetable and fruit intakes of cases (155.62 (SD 88.84) and 248.32 (SD 188.17) g/day) were significantly lower (p < 0.01) than controls (199.14 (SD 121.41) and 304.09 (SD 253.72) g/day). A substantial reduction in COPD risk was found by increasing daily total vegetable intake, p for trend = 0.037. The prevalence of breathlessness also decreased with vegetable consumption, the adjusted odds ratio being 0.49 (95% CI 0.27-0.88) for the highest versus lowest quartile of intake. However, the effects of fruit consumption were not significant. Among the nutrients contained in vegetables and fruits, vitamin A was particularly significant (p = 0.008) with an estimated 52% reduction in COPD risk at the highest level of intake. Conclusion The study provided evidence of an inverse association between vegetable consumption and the risk of COPD for Japanese adults. [Copyright Elsevier B.V.]
JF  - Preventive Medicine
AU  - Hirayama, Fumi
AU  - Lee, Andy H
AU  - Binns, Colin W
AU  - Zhao, Yun
AU  - Hiramatsu, Tetsuo
AU  - Tanikawa, Yoshimasa
AU  - Nishimura, Koichi
AU  - Taniguchi, Hiroyuki
AD  - School of Public Health, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U 1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia
Y1  - 2009/08//
PY  - 2009
DA  - August 2009
SP  - 184
EP  - 189
PB  - Elsevier Ltd, The Netherlands
VL  - 49
IS  - 2-3
SN  - 0091-7435, 0091-7435
KW  - Breathlessness Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Fruit Risk Vegetable
KW  - Vegetables
KW  - Healthy food
KW  - Consumption
KW  - Risk reduction
KW  - Japan
KW  - Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
KW  - article
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LA  - English
DB  - Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA)
N1  - Date revised - 2009-11-04
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-27
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Healthy food; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Consumption; Japan; Vegetables; Risk reduction
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2009.06.010
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Pragmatic radicalism: An autoethnographic perspective on pre-service teaching
AN  - 57291400; 200919751
AB  - How might a pre-service teacher 'teach against the grain' and challenge their pre-existing assumptions about the profession? By deconstructing and reconstructing my schooling experiences and the social and cultural discourses and practices that have shaped and defined me, I hope to interrupt my conditioning and avoid revisiting my unhappy school experiences upon future students [Miller, A. (2006). The teaching urge: and seeking amnesia. English in Australia, 41(1), 18 -24., p. 18]. I am trying to break the cycle of social reproduction and domination and become the type of teacher who liberates rather than domesticates. In this article I use 'autoethnography' and 'mystoriography' to analyse my professional development and to imagine and enact a teaching identity based on Garth Boomer's 'pragmatic -radical' educator. Pragmatic radicalism provides a strategic means of surviving and undermining hegemonic school systems while revolutionising the politics of the classroom. Pre-service teachers can challenge the socialisation process and build teaching identities that break the traditional 'authoritarian -transmission' model. Critical reflection on identity construction and past school experiences is essential to this endeavour. [Copyright Elsevier B.V.]
JF  - Teaching and Teacher Education
AU  - Miller, Andrew
AD  - Department of English, Creative Writing, and Australian Studies, Flinders University of South Australia, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide 5001, Australia andrew.miller@flinders.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/08//
PY  - 2009
DA  - August 2009
SP  - 909
EP  - 916
PB  - Elsevier Ltd, The Netherlands
VL  - 25
IS  - 6
SN  - 0742-051X, 0742-051X
KW  - Pre-service teacher education Teacher construction and socialisation Pragmatic radicalism Teaching against the grain Critical reflexivity Autoethnography
KW  - Domination
KW  - Radicalism
KW  - Teaching
KW  - Identity
KW  - Autoethnography
KW  - Pragmatics
KW  - article
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LA  - English
DB  - Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA)
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-04
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-27
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Teaching; Identity; Pragmatics; Radicalism; Domination; Autoethnography
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2009.01.012
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Structure-Based Rational Design of a Phosphotriesterase ,
AN  - 21503603; 12510139
AB  - In silico substrate docking of both stereoisomers of the pesticide chlorfenvinphos (CVP) in the phosphotriesterase from Agrobacterium radiobacter identified two residues (F131 and W132) that prevent productive substrate binding and cause stereospecificity. A variant (W131H/F132A) was designed that exhibited ca. 480-fold and 8-fold increases in the rate of Z-CVP and E-CVP hydrolysis, respectively, eliminating stereospecificity.
JF  - Applied and Environmental Microbiology
AU  - Jackson, Colin J
AU  - Weir, Kahli
AU  - Herlt, Anthony
AU  - Khurana, Jeevan
AU  - Sutherland, Tara D
AU  - Horne, Irene
AU  - Easton, Christopher
AU  - Russell, Robyn J
AU  - Scott, Colin
AU  - Oakeshott, John G
AD  - CSIRO Entomology, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia, colin.scott@csiro.au
Y1  - 2009/08//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Aug 2009
SP  - 5153
EP  - 5156
PB  - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA
VL  - 75
IS  - 15
SN  - 0099-2240, 0099-2240
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology
KW  - Chlorfenvinphos
KW  - Agrobacterium radiobacter
KW  - Stereospecificity
KW  - A 01380:Plant Protection, Fungicides & Seed Treatments
KW  - J 02490:Miscellaneous
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-04-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-02-21
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Stereospecificity; Agrobacterium radiobacter
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00629-09
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Costs of Respiratory Illnesses Arising from Florida Gulf Coast Karenia brevis Blooms
AN  - 21199076; 11577438
AB  - BACKGROUND: Algal blooms of Karenia brevis, a harmful marine algae, occur almost annually off the west coast of Florida. At high concentrations, K. brevis blooms can cause harm through the release of potent toxins, known as brevetoxins, to the atmosphere. Epidemiologic studies suggest that aerosolized brevetoxins are linked to respiratory illnesses in humans. OBJECTIVES: We hypothesized a relationship between K. brevis blooms and respiratory illness visits to hospital emergency departments (EDs) while controlling for environmental factors, disease, and tourism. We sought to use this relationship to estimate the costs of illness associated with aerosolized brevetoxins. METHODS: We developed a statistical exposure-response model to express hypotheses about the relationship between respiratory illnesses and bloom events. We estimated the model with data on ED visits, K. brevis cell densities, and measures of pollen, pollutants, respiratory disease, and intra-annual population changes. RESULTS: We found that lagged K. brevis cell counts, low air temperatures, influenza outbreaks, high pollen counts, and tourist visits helped explain the number of respiratory-specific ED diagnoses. The capitalized estimated marginal costs of illness for ED respiratory illnesses associated with K. brevis blooms in Sarasota County, Florida, alone ranged from $0.5 to $4 million, depending on bloom severity. CONCLUSIONS: Blooms of K. brevis lead to significant economic impacts. The costs of illness of ED visits are a conservative estimate of the total economic impacts. It will become increasingly necessary to understand the scale of the economic losses associated with K. brevis blooms to make rational choices about appropriate mitigation.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Hoagland, Porter
AU  - Jin, Di
AU  - Polansky, Lara Y
AU  - Kirkpatrick, Barbara
AU  - Kirkpatrick, Gary
AU  - Fleming, Lora E
AU  - Reich, Andrew
AU  - Watkins, Sharon M
AU  - Ullmann, Steven G
AU  - Backer, Lorraine C
Y1  - 2009/08//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Aug 2009
SP  - 1239
EP  - 1243
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 8
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Pollution Abstracts
KW  - Algal blooms
KW  - Atmosphere
KW  - Coastal zone
KW  - Economics
KW  - Hospitals
KW  - Respiratory diseases
KW  - Tourism
KW  - Toxins
KW  - air temperature
KW  - emergency medical services
KW  - environmental factors
KW  - influenza
KW  - mitigation
KW  - outbreaks
KW  - pollen
KW  - Algae
KW  - ASW, USA, Florida
KW  - ASW, USA, Gulf Coast
KW  - USA, Florida, Sarasota Cty.
KW  - Karenia brevis
KW  - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2013-01-25
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Tourism; Algal blooms; environmental factors; air temperature; Respiratory diseases; outbreaks; Atmosphere; Toxins; influenza; mitigation; Coastal zone; pollen; Economics; emergency medical services; Hospitals; Karenia brevis; Algae; ASW, USA, Florida; ASW, USA, Gulf Coast; USA, Florida, Sarasota Cty.
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Toward a New U.S. Chemicals Policy: Rebuilding the Foundation to Advance New Science, Green Chemistry, and Environmental Health
AN  - 21199050; 11577433
AB  - OBJECTIVE: We describe fundamental weaknesses in U.S. chemicals policy, present principles of chemicals policy reform, and articulate interdisciplinary research questions that should be addressed. With global chemical production projected to double over the next 24 years, federal policies that shape the priorities of the U.S. chemical enterprise will be a cornerstone of sustainability. To date, these policies have largely failed to adequately protect public health or the environment or motivate investment in or scientific exploration of cleaner chemical technologies, known collectively as green chemistry. On this trajectory, the United States will face growing health, environmental, and economic problems related to chemical exposures and pollution. CONCLUSIONS: Existing policies have produced a U.S. chemicals market in which the safety of chemicals for human health and the environment is undervalued relative to chemical function, price, and performance. This market barrier to green chemistry is primarily a consequence of weaknesses in the Toxic Substances Control Act. These weaknesses have produced a chemical data gap, because producers are not required to investigate and disclose sufficient information on chemicals' hazard traits to government, businesses that use chemicals, or the public; a safety gap, because government lacks the legal tools it needs to efficiently identify, prioritize, and take action to mitigate the potential health and environmental effects of hazardous chemicals; and a technology gap, because industry and government have invested only marginally in green chemistry research, development, and education. Policy reforms that close the three gaps-creating transparency and accountability in the market-are crucial for improving public and environmental health and reducing the barriers to green chemistry. The European Union's REACH (Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals) regulation has opened an opportunity for the United States to take this step; doing so will present the nation with new research questions in science, policy, law, and technology.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Wilson, Michael P
AU  - Schwarzman, Megan R
Y1  - 2009/08//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Aug 2009
SP  - 1202
EP  - 1209
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 8
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Sustainability Science Abstracts
KW  - Chemicals
KW  - policy reform
KW  - interdisciplinary research
KW  - Toxic substances
KW  - science policy
KW  - Environmental regulations
KW  - Environmental health
KW  - accountability
KW  - Public health
KW  - transparency
KW  - USA
KW  - Education
KW  - foundations
KW  - European Union
KW  - Economics
KW  - Federal policies
KW  - sustainability
KW  - green development
KW  - Technology
KW  - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chemicals; policy reform; interdisciplinary research; Toxic substances; Environmental regulations; science policy; Environmental health; accountability; Public health; transparency; foundations; Education; Federal policies; Economics; sustainability; green development; Technology; USA; European Union
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Novel Two-Step Hierarchical Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship Modeling Work Flow for Predicting Acute Toxicity of Chemicals in Rodents
AN  - 21193689; 11577425
AB  - BACKGROUND: Accurate prediction of in vivo toxicity from in vitro testing is a challenging problem. Large public-private consortia have been formed with the goal of improving chemical safety assessment by the means of high-throughput screening. OBJECTIVE: A wealth of available biological data requires new computational approaches to link chemical structure, in vitro data, and potential adverse health effects. METHODS AND RESULTS: A database containing experimental cytotoxicity values for in vitro half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC(50)) and in vivo rodent median lethal dose (LD(50)) for more than 300 chemicals was compiled by Zentralstelle zur Erfassung und Bewertung von Ersatz- und Ergaenzungsmethoden zum Tierversuch (ZEBET; National Center for Documentation and Evaluation of Alternative Methods to Animal Experiments). The application of conventional quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) modeling approaches to predict mouse or rat acute LD(50) values from chemical descriptors of ZEBET compounds yielded no statistically significant models. The analysis of these data showed no significant correlation between IC(50) and LD(50). However, a linear IC(50) versus LD(50) correlation could be established for a fraction of compounds. To capitalize on this observation, we developed a novel two-step modeling approach as follows. First, all chemicals are partitioned into two groups based on the relationship between IC(50) and LD(50) values: One group comprises compounds with linear IC(50) versus LD(50) relationships, and another group comprises the remaining compounds. Second, we built conventional binary classification QSAR models to predict the group affiliation based on chemical descriptors only. Third, we developed k-nearest neighbor continuous QSAR models for each subclass to predict LD(50) values from chemical descriptors. All models were extensively validated using special protocols. CONCLUSIONS: The novelty of this modeling approach is that it uses the relationships between in vivo and in vitro data only to inform the initial construction of the hierarchical two-step QSAR models. Models resulting from this approach employ chemical descriptors only for external prediction of acute rodent toxicity.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Zhu, Hao
AU  - Ye, Lin
AU  - Richard, Ann
AU  - Golbraikh, Alexander
AU  - Wright, Fred A
AU  - Rusyn, Ivan
AU  - Tropsha, Alexander
Y1  - 2009/08//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Aug 2009
SP  - 1257
EP  - 1264
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 8
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts
KW  - X 24300:Methods
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Maternal Personal Exposure to Airborne Benzene and Intrauterine Growth
AN  - 21193668; 11577417
AB  - BACKGROUND: Studies relying on outdoor pollutants measures have reported associations between air pollutants and birth weight. OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to assess the relation between maternal personal exposure to airborne benzene during pregnancy and fetal growth. METHODS: We recruited pregnant women in two French maternity hospitals in 2005-2006 as part of the EDEN mother-child cohort. A subsample of 271 nonsmoking women carried a diffusive air sampler for a week during the 27th gestational week, allowing assessment of benzene exposure. We estimated head circumference of the offspring by ultrasound measurements during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy and at birth. RESULTS: Median benzene exposure was 1.8 microg/m(3) (5th, 95th percentiles, 0.5, 7.5 microg/m(3)). Log-transformed benzene exposure was associated with a gestational age-adjusted decrease of 68 g in mean birth weight [95% confidence interval (CI), -135 to -1 g] and of 1.9 mm in mean head circumference at birth (95% CI, -3.8 to 0.0 mm). It was associated with an adjusted decrease of 1.9 mm in head circumference assessed during the third trimester (95% CI, -4.0 to 0.3 mm) and of 1.5 mm in head circumference assessed at the end of the second trimester of pregnancy (95% CI, -3.1 to 0 mm). CONCLUSIONS: Our prospective study among pregnant women is one of the first to rely on personal monitoring of exposure; a limitation is that exposure was assessed during 1 week only. Maternal benzene exposure was associated with decreases in birth weight and head circumference during pregnancy and at birth. This association could be attributable to benzene and a mixture of associated traffic-related air pollutants.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Slama, Remy
AU  - Thiebaugeorges, Olivier
AU  - Goua, Valerie
AU  - Aussel, Lucette
AU  - Sacco, Paolo
AU  - Bohet, Aline
AU  - Forhan, Anne
AU  - Ducot, Beatrice
AU  - Annesi-Maesano, Isabella
AU  - Heinrich, Joachim
AU  - Magnin, Guillaume
AU  - Schweitzer, Michel
AU  - Kaminski, Monique
AU  - Charles, Marie-Aline
Y1  - 2009/08//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Aug 2009
SP  - 1313
EP  - 1321
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 8
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Pollution Abstracts
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Growth
KW  - Air sampling
KW  - birth weight
KW  - Benzene
KW  - Pregnancy
KW  - offspring
KW  - Hospitals
KW  - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air pollution; Growth; Air sampling; birth weight; Benzene; Hospitals; offspring; Pregnancy
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Racial Differences in Paraoxonase-1 (PON1): A Factor in the Health of Southerners?
AN  - 21192737; 11577435
AB  - BACKGROUND: The southern United States (excluding Florida) has the highest age-adjusted rate of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the country, with African Americans having a higher prevalence of CVD than Caucasians. Paraoxonase-1 (PON1), an enzyme associated with high-density lipoprotein particles, participates both in the hydrolysis of oxidized lipids (thus protecting against atherosclerosis) and in the hydrolysis of organophosphates. Higher paraoxonase activity has been associated with lower risk of atherosclerosis. OBJECTIVES: In this study we characterized the distribution of the functional PON1(Q192R) polymorphisms (PON status as assessed by diazoxonase to paraoxonase ratios) and the PON1 activity levels in 200 adult males and females of both races (50 in each race/sex class) from the southern United States from commercially obtained blood bank serum samples. METHODS: We used spectrophotometric methods with serum to determine PON1 status, arylesterase activities (phenyl acetate hydrolysis), and levels of cotinine and C-reactive protein (CRP). RESULTS: African Americans had higher paraoxonase activities but lower diazoxonase activities than did Caucasians, consistent with African Americans having a lower proportion of the functional genotype QQ (QQ 15%, QR 34%, RR 44%, 7% indeterminate), than did Caucasians (QQ 60%, QR 31%, RR 7%, 2% indeterminate). Cotinine levels indicated that all samples came from non-smokers and that CRP levels were higher in African Americans than in Caucasians and higher in females than in males. CRP levels showed no association with paraoxonase activities. CONCLUSIONS: These data present initial observations for use in characterizing the poorer cardiovascular health status of the population in the southern United States and more specifically southern African Americans.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Davis, Kimberly A
AU  - Crow, J Allen
AU  - Chambers, Howard W
AU  - Meek, Edward C
AU  - Chambers, Janice E
Y1  - 2009/08//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Aug 2009
SP  - 1226
EP  - 1231
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 8
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Environmental Engineering Abstracts
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Ethical Issues in Measuring Biomarkers in Children's Environmental Health
AN  - 21191955; 11577450
AB  - BACKGROUND: Studying the impact of environmental exposures is important in children because they are more vulnerable to adverse effects on growth, development, and health. Assessing exposure in children is difficult, and measuring biomarkers is potentially useful. Research measuring biomarkers in children raises a number of ethical issues, some of which relate to children as research subjects and some of which are specific to biomarker research. OBJECTIVE: As an international group with experience in pediatric research, biomarkers, and the ethics of research in children, we highlight the ethical issues of undertaking biomarker research in children in these environments. DISCUSSION: Significant issues include undertaking research in vulnerable communities, especially in developing countries; managing community expectations; obtaining appropriate consent to conduct the research; the potential conflicts of obtaining permission from an ethics review board in an economically developed country to perform research in a community that may have different cultural values; returning research results to participants and communities when the researchers are uncertain of how to interpret the results; and the conflicting ethical obligations of maintaining participant confidentiality when information about harm or illegal activities mandate reporting to authorities. CONCLUSION: None of these challenges are insurmountable and all deserve discussion. Pediatric biomarker research is necessary for advancing child health.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Sly, Peter D
AU  - Eskenazi, Brenda
AU  - Pronczuk, Jenny
AU  - Sram, Radim
AU  - Diaz-Barriga, Fernando
AU  - Machin, Diego Gonzalez
AU  - Carpenter, David O
AU  - Surdu, Simona
AU  - Meslin, Eric M
Y1  - 2009/08//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Aug 2009
SP  - 1185
EP  - 1190
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 8
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Environmental Engineering Abstracts
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Air Pollution Exposures and Circulating Biomarkers of Effect in a Susceptible Population: Clues to Potential Causal Component Mixtures and Mechanisms
AN  - 21178214; 11577437
AB  - BACKGROUND: Mechanisms involving oxidative stress and inflammation have been proposed to explain associations of ambient air pollution with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Experimental evidence suggests that organic components and ultrafine particles (UFP) are important. METHODS: We conducted a panel study of 60 elderly subjects with coronary artery disease living in retirement communities within the Los Angeles, California, air basin. Weekly biomarkers of inflammation included plasma interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha soluble receptor II (sTNF-RII), soluble platelet selectin (sP-selectin), and C-reactive protein (CRP). Biomarkers of erythrocyte antioxidant activity included glutathione peroxidase-1 and superoxide dismutase. Exposures included outdoor home daily particle mass [particulate matter 0.25, 0.25-2.5, and 2.5-10 microm in aerodynamic diameter (PM(0.25), PM(0.25-2.5), PM(2.5-10))], and hourly elemental and black carbon (EC-BC), estimated primary and secondary organic carbon (OC(pri), SOC), particle number (PN), carbon monoxide (CO), and nitrogen oxides-nitrogen dioxide (NO(x)-NO(2)). We analyzed the relation of biomarkers to exposures with mixed effects models adjusted for potential confounders. RESULTS: Primary combustion markers (EC-BC, OC(pri), CO, NO(x)-NO(2)), but not SOC, were positively associated with inflammatory biomarkers and inversely associated with erythrocyte anti-oxidant enzymes (n = 578). PN and PM(0.25) were more strongly associated with biomarkers than PM(0.25-2.5). Associations for all exposures were stronger during cooler periods when only OC(pri), PN, and NO(x) were higher. We found weaker associations with statin (sTNF-RII, CRP) and clopidogrel use (sP-selectin). CONCLUSIONS: Traffic-related air pollutants are associated with increased systemic inflammation, increased platelet activation, and decreased erythrocyte antioxidant enzyme activity, which may be partly behind air pollutant-related increases in systemic inflammation. Differences in association by particle size, OC fraction, and seasonal period suggest components carried by UFP are important.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Delfino, Ralph J
AU  - Staimer, Norbert
AU  - Tjoa, Thomas
AU  - Gillen, Daniel L
AU  - Polidori, Andrea
AU  - Arhami, Mohammad
AU  - Kleinman, Micheal T
AU  - Vaziri, Nosratola D
AU  - Longhurst, John
AU  - Sioutas, Constantinos
Y1  - 2009/08//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Aug 2009
SP  - 1232
EP  - 1238
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 8
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Pollution Abstracts
KW  - Bioindicators
KW  - USA, California, Los Angeles
KW  - Mortality
KW  - Antioxidants
KW  - Erythrocytes
KW  - Organic carbon
KW  - Basins
KW  - statins
KW  - Pollution effects
KW  - Enzymes
KW  - tumors
KW  - Particulates
KW  - oxidative stress
KW  - Morbidity
KW  - Combustion
KW  - Carbon monoxide
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Sulfur dioxide
KW  - elderly
KW  - Nitrogen
KW  - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bioindicators; Mortality; Antioxidants; Organic carbon; Erythrocytes; Enzymes; Pollution effects; statins; Basins; tumors; Particulates; Morbidity; oxidative stress; Combustion; Air pollution; Carbon monoxide; Sulfur dioxide; elderly; Nitrogen; USA, California, Los Angeles
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Chronic Dietary Exposure to a Low-Dose Mixture of Genistein and Vinclozolin Modifies the Reproductive Axis, Testis Transcriptome, and Fertility
AN  - 21170635; 11577426
AB  - BACKGROUND: The reproductive consequences and mechanisms of action of chronic exposure to low-dose endocrine disruptors are poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: We assessed the effects of a continuous, low-dose exposure to a phytoestrogen (genistein) and/or an antiandrogenic food contaminant (vinclozolin) on the male reproductive tract and fertility. METHODS: Male rats were exposed by gavage to genistein and vinclozolin from conception to adulthood, alone or in combination, at low doses (1 mg/kg/day) or higher doses (10 and 30 mg/kg/day). We studied a number of standard reproductive toxicology end points and also assessed testicular mRNA expression profiles using long-oligonucleotide microarrays. RESULTS: The low-dose mixture and high-dose vinclozolin produced the most significant alterations in adults: decreased sperm counts, reduced sperm motion parameters, decreased litter sizes, and increased post implantation loss. Testicular mRNA expression profiles for these exposure conditions were strongly correlated. Functional clustering indicated that many of the genes induced belong to the "neuroactive ligand-receptor interactions" family encompassing several hormonally related actors (e.g., follicle-stimulating hormone and its receptor). All exposure conditions decreased the levels of mRNAs involved in ribosome function, indicating probable decreased protein production. CONCLUSIONS: Our study shows that chronic exposure to a mixture of a dose of a phytoestrogen equivalent to that in the human diet and a low dose-albeit not environmental-of a common anti-androgenic food contaminant may seriously affect the male reproductive tract and fertility.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Eustache, Florence
AU  - Mondon, Francoise
AU  - Canivenc-Lavier, Marie Chantal
AU  - Lesaffre, Corinne
AU  - Fulla, Yvonne
AU  - Berges, Raymond
AU  - Cravedi, Jean Pierre
AU  - Vaiman, Daniel
AU  - Auger, Jacques
Y1  - 2009/08//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Aug 2009
SP  - 1272
EP  - 1279
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 8
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts
KW  - X 24320:Food Additives & Contaminants
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Chronic Residential Exposure to Particulate Matter Air Pollution and Systemic Inflammatory Markers
AN  - 21169672; 11577430
AB  - BACKGROUND: Long-term exposure to urban air pollution may accelerate atherogenesis, but mechanisms are still unclear. The induction of a low-grade systemic inflammatory state is a plausible mechanistic pathway. OBJECTIVES: We analyzed the association of residential long-term exposure to particulate matter (PM) and high traffic with systemic inflammatory markers. METHODS: We used baseline data from the German Heinz Nixdorf Recall Study, a population-based, prospective cohort study of 4,814 participants that started in 2000. Fine PM [aerodynamic diameter or= 2.5 microm (PM(2.5))] exposure based on a small-scale dispersion and chemistry transport model was assigned to each home address. We calculated distances between residences and major roads. Long-term exposure to air pollution (annual PM(2.5) and distance to high traffic) and concentration of inflammatory markers [high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and fibrinogen] on the day of the baseline visit were analyzed with sex-stratified multiple linear regression, controlling for individual-level risk factors. RESULTS: In the adjusted analysis, a cross-sectional exposure difference of 3.91 microg/m(3) in PM(2.5) (interdecile range) was associated with increases in hs-CRP of 23.9% [95% confidence interval (CI), 4.1 to 47.4%] and fibrinogen of 3.9% (95% CI, 0.3 to 7.7%) in men, whereas we found no association in women. Chronic traffic exposure was not associated with inflammatory markers. Short-term exposures to air pollutants and temperature did not influence the results markedly. CONCLUSIONS: Our study indicates that long-term residential exposure to high levels of PM(2.5) is associated with systemic inflammatory markers in men. This might provide a link between air pollution and coronary atherosclerosis.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Hoffmann, Barbara
AU  - Moebus, Susanne
AU  - Dragano, Nico
AU  - Stang, Andreas
AU  - Moehlenkamp, Stefan
AU  - Schmermund, Axel
AU  - Memmesheimer, Michael
AU  - Broecker-Preuss, Martina
AU  - Mann, Klaus
AU  - Erbel, Raimund
AU  - Joeckel, Karl-Heinz
Y1  - 2009/08//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Aug 2009
SP  - 1302
EP  - 1308
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 8
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Pollution Abstracts; Risk Abstracts
KW  - Bioindicators
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - traffic
KW  - Aerodynamics
KW  - Pollution dispersion
KW  - Residential areas
KW  - Temperature
KW  - Pollution effects
KW  - Proteins
KW  - Particulates
KW  - Urban areas
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air pollution; Bioindicators; traffic; Aerodynamics; Pollution dispersion; Temperature; Residential areas; Proteins; Pollution effects; Particulates; Urban areas
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Population Toxicokinetic Modeling of Cadmium for Health Risk Assessment
AN  - 21165633; 11577429
AB  - BACKGROUND: Cadmium is a widespread environmental pollutant that has been shown to exert toxic effects on kidney and bones in humans after long-term exposure. Urinary cadmium concentration is considered a good biomarker of accumulated cadmium in kidney, and diet is the main source of cadmium among nonsmokers. OBJECTIVE: Modeling the link between urinary cadmium and dietary cadmium intake is a key step in the risk assessment of long-term cadmium exposure. There is, however, little knowledge on how this link may vary, especially for susceptible population strata. METHODS: We used a large population-based study (the Swedish Mammography Cohort), with repeated dietary intake data covering a period of 20 years, to compare estimated dietary cadmium intake with urinary cadmium concentrations on an individual basis. A modified version of the Nordberg-Kjellstroem model and a one-compartment model were evaluated in terms of their predictions of urinary cadmium. We integrated the models and quantified the between-person variability of cadmium half-life in the population. Finally, sensitivity analyses and Monte Carlo simulations were performed to illustrate how the latter model could serve as a robust tool supporting the risk assessment of cadmium in humans. RESULTS: The one-compartment population model appeared to be an adequate modeling option to link cadmium intake to urinary cadmium and to describe the population variability. We estimated the cadmium half-life to be about 11.6 years, with about 25% population variability. CONCLUSIONS: Population toxicokinetic models can be robust and useful tools for risk assessment of chemicals, because they allow quantification and integration of population variability in toxicokinetics.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Amzal, Billy
AU  - Julin, Bettina
AU  - Vahter, Marie
AU  - Wolk, Alicja
AU  - Johanson, Gunnar
AU  - Akesson, Agneta
Y1  - 2009/08//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Aug 2009
SP  - 1293
EP  - 1301
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 8
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts
KW  - X 24360:Metals
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21165633?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Population+Toxicokinetic+Modeling+of+Cadmium+for+Health+Risk+Assessment&rft.au=Amzal%2C+Billy%3BJulin%2C+Bettina%3BVahter%2C+Marie%3BWolk%2C+Alicja%3BJohanson%2C+Gunnar%3BAkesson%2C+Agneta&rft.aulast=Amzal&rft.aufirst=Billy&rft.date=2009-08-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1293&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Personal Perspective on the Initial Federal Health-Based Regulation to Remove Lead from Gasoline
AN  - 21140330; 11577432
AB  - OBJECTIVE: This article describes the personal experience and perspective of the authors, who had primary responsibility for drafting the initial health-based regulation limiting lead content of gasoline during the early 1970s while employed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). DATA SOURCE: Information used by the U.S. EPA in developing the initial health-based regulation limiting lead content of gasoline in December 1973 and studies documenting the impact of that and subsequent actions. DATA EXTRACTION: Among the lessons learned from this experience is the importance of having input from independent scientists to the regulatory decision-making process. This also demonstrates the critical role of independent peer-reviewed research, such as that supported by the National Institutes of Health, as well as research conducted by scientists from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, in delineating the consequences of lead exposure in the population. DATA SYNTHESIS: Removal of lead from gasoline in the United States has been described as one of the great public health achievements of the 20th century, but it almost did not happen. The experience of the authors in developing this regulation may be helpful to others involved in developing health-based regulatory policy in the future. CONCLUSION: The initial U.S. EPA health-based regulation to remove lead from gasoline is clearly an example where science successfully affected public policy. The leadership of the U.S. EPA at that time deserves much credit for establishing an atmosphere in which this was possible.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Bridbord, Kenneth
AU  - Hanson, David
Y1  - 2009/08//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Aug 2009
SP  - 1195
EP  - 1201
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 8
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts
KW  - X 24360:Metals
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21140330?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=A+Personal+Perspective+on+the+Initial+Federal+Health-Based+Regulation+to+Remove+Lead+from+Gasoline&rft.au=Bridbord%2C+Kenneth%3BHanson%2C+David&rft.aulast=Bridbord&rft.aufirst=Kenneth&rft.date=2009-08-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1195&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Autonomic Effects of Controlled Fine Particulate Exposure in Young Healthy Adults: Effect Modification by Ozone
AN  - 21140319; 11577428
AB  - BACKGROUND: Human controlled-exposure studies have assessed the impact of ambient fine particulate matter on cardiac autonomic function measured by heart rate variability (HRV), but whether these effects are modified by concomitant ozone exposure remains unknown. OBJECTIVE: In this study we assessed the impact of O(3) and particulate matter exposure on HRV in humans. METHODS: In a crossover design, 50 subjects (19-48 years of age) were randomized to 2-hr controlled exposures to filtered air (FA), concentrated ambient particles (CAPs), O(3), or combined CAPs and ozone (CAPs + O(3)). The primary end point was change in HRV between the start and end of exposure. Secondary analyses included blood pressure (BP) responses, and effect modification by asthmatic status. RESULTS: Achieved mean CAPs and O(3) exposure concentrations were 121.6 +/- 48.0 microg/m(3) and 113.9 +/- 6.6 ppb, respectively. In a categorical analysis, exposure had no consistent effect on HRV indices. However, the dose-response relationship between CAPs mass concentration and HRV indices seemed to vary depending on the presence of O(3). This heterogeneity was statistically significant for the low-frequency component of HRV (p = 0.02) and approached significance for the high-frequency component and time-domain measures of HRV. Exposure to CAPs + O(3) increased diastolic BP by 2.0 mmHg (SE, 1.2; p = 0.02). No other statistically significant changes in BP were observed. Asthmatic status did not modify these effects. CONCLUSION: The potentiation by O(3) of CAPs effects on diastolic BP and possibly HRV is of small magnitude in young adults. Further studies are needed to assess potential effects in more vulnerable populations.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Fakhri, Asghar A
AU  - Ilic, Ljubomir M
AU  - Wellenius, Gregory A
AU  - Urch, Bruce
AU  - Silverman, Frances
AU  - Gold, Diane R
AU  - Mittleman, Murray A
Y1  - 2009/08//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Aug 2009
SP  - 1287
EP  - 1292
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 8
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts
KW  - X 24300:Methods
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21140319?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Autonomic+Effects+of+Controlled+Fine+Particulate+Exposure+in+Young+Healthy+Adults%3A+Effect+Modification+by+Ozone&rft.au=Fakhri%2C+Asghar+A%3BIlic%2C+Ljubomir+M%3BWellenius%2C+Gregory+A%3BUrch%2C+Bruce%3BSilverman%2C+Frances%3BGold%2C+Diane+R%3BMittleman%2C+Murray+A&rft.aulast=Fakhri&rft.aufirst=Asghar&rft.date=2009-08-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1287&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Serum Concentrations of Selected Persistent Organic Pollutants in a Sample of Pregnant Females and Changes in Their Concentrations during Gestation
AN  - 21076297; 10989567
AB  - Objectives In this study we evaluated the concentrations of selected persistent organic pollutants in a sample of first-time pregnant females residing in the United States and assessed differences in these concentrations in all pregnant females during gestation. Methods We reviewed demographic and laboratory data for pregnant females participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, including concentrations of 25 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), 6 polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), 9 polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and 9 organochlorine pesticides. We report serum concentrations for first-time pregnant females (2001a2002; n = 49) and evaluate these concentrations in all pregnant females by trimester (1999a2002; n = 203) using a cross-sectional analysis. Results The chemicals with aY 60% detection included PCBs (congeners 126, 138/158, 153, 180), PCDDs/PCDFs [1,2,3,4,6,7,8-heptachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (1234678HpCDD), 1,2,3,6,7,8-hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (123678HxCDD), 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-heptachlorodibenzofuran (1234678HpCDF), 1,1a2-(2,2-dichloroethenylidene)-bis(4-chlorobenzene) (p,pa2-DDE)], and trans-nonachlor. The geometric mean concentration (95% confidence intervals) for 1234678HpCDD was 15.9 pg/g lipid (5.0a50.6 pg/g); for 123678HxCDD, 9.7 pg/g (5.5a17.1 pg/g); and for 1234678HpCDF, 5.4 pg/g (3.3a8.7 pg/g). The differences in concentrations of these chemicals by trimester were better accounted for with the use of lipid-adjusted units than with whole-weight units; however, the increase in the third-trimester concentration was greater for PCDDs/PCDFs (123678HxCDD, 1234678HpCDF) than for the highest concentration of indicator PCBs (138/158, 153, 180), even after adjusting for potential confounders. Conclusion The concentrations of these persistent organic pollutants in a sample of first-time pregnant females living in the United States suggest a decline in exposures to these chemicals since their ban or restricted use and emission. The redistribution of body burden for these and other persistent organic pollutants during pregnancy needs to be more carefully defined to improve the assessment of fetal exposure to them based on maternal serum concentrations. Additional studies are needed to further the understanding of the potential health consequences to the fetus from persistent organic pollutants.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Wang, Richard Y
AU  - Jain, Ram B
AU  - Wolkin, Amy F
AU  - Rubin, Carol H
AU  - Needham, Larry L
AD  - National Center for Environmental Health and
Y1  - 2009/08//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Aug 2009
SP  - 1244
EP  - 1249
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 8
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - dioxin
KW  - females
KW  - organochlorine pesticides
KW  - PCB
KW  - persistent organic pollutants
KW  - pregnant
KW  - serum concentrations
KW  - demography
KW  - Chemicals
KW  - Organochlorine pesticides
KW  - Lipids
KW  - Nutrition
KW  - Pregnancy
KW  - USA
KW  - Reviews
KW  - Emissions
KW  - PCDF
KW  - body burden
KW  - Females
KW  - PCB compounds
KW  - PCDD
KW  - ENA 09:Land Use & Planning
KW  - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chemicals; demography; Organochlorine pesticides; persistent organic pollutants; Lipids; Nutrition; Pregnancy; Reviews; PCDF; Emissions; body burden; Females; PCB compounds; PCDD; USA
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0800105
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effectiveness of an Integrated Pest Management Intervention in Controlling Cockroaches, Mice, and Allergens in New York City Public Housing
AN  - 21076292; 10989563
AB  - Background Cockroaches and mice, which are common in urban homes, are sources of allergens capable of triggering asthma symptoms. Traditional pest control involves the use of scheduled applications of pesticides by professionals as well as pesticide use by residents. In contrast, integrated pest management (IPM) involves sanitation, building maintenance, and limited use of least toxic pesticides. Objectives We implemented and evaluated IPM compared with traditional practice for its impact on pests, allergens, pesticide use, and resident satisfaction in a large urban public housing authority. Methods We assigned IPM or control status to 13 buildings in five housing developments, and evaluated conditions at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months in 280 apartments in Brooklyn and Manhattan, in New York City (New York). We measured cockroach and mouse populations, collected cockroach and mouse urinary protein allergens in dust, and interviewed residents. All statistical models controlled for baseline levels of pests or allergens. Results Compared with controls, apartments receiving IPM had significantly lower counts of cockroaches at 3 months and greater success in reducing or sustaining low counts of cockroaches at both 3 and 6 months. IPM was associated with lower cockroach allergen levels in kitchens at 3 months and in beds and kitchens at 6 months. Pesticide use was reduced in IPM relative to control apartments. Residents of IPM apartments also rated building services more positively. Conclusions In contrast to previous IPM studies, which involved extensive cleaning, repeat visits, and often extensive resident education, we found that an easily replicable single IPM visit was more effective than the regular application of pesticides alone in managing pests and their consequences.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Kass, Daniel
AU  - McKelvey, Wendy
AU  - Carlton, Elizabeth
AU  - Hernandez, Marta
AU  - Chew, Ginger
AU  - Nagle, Sean
AU  - Garfinkel, Robin
AU  - Clarke, Brian
AU  - Tiven, Julius
AU  - Espino, Christian
AU  - Evans, David
AD  - New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York, New York, USA
Y1  - 2009/08//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Aug 2009
SP  - 1219
EP  - 1225
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 8
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - allergen
KW  - asthma
KW  - cockroach
KW  - integrated pest management
KW  - mouse
KW  - New York City
KW  - pesticide
KW  - public housing
KW  - Mathematical models
KW  - Housing
KW  - Asthma
KW  - Mice
KW  - Pest control
KW  - Respiratory diseases
KW  - Buildings
KW  - Maintenance
KW  - Dust
KW  - USA, New York, New York City
KW  - Education
KW  - pests
KW  - Sanitation
KW  - Urine
KW  - Allergens
KW  - intervention
KW  - USA, New York, Manhattan
KW  - Pesticides
KW  - housing developments
KW  - Urban areas
KW  - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development
KW  - ENA 04:Environmental Education
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mathematical models; Housing; Asthma; Pest control; Mice; Respiratory diseases; Buildings; Dust; Maintenance; pests; Education; Sanitation; Urine; intervention; Allergens; Pesticides; housing developments; Urban areas; integrated pest management; USA, New York, New York City; USA, New York, Manhattan
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0800149
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Comparative and functional genomics of lipases in holometabolous insects
AN  - 21075800; 10251605
AB  - Lipases have key roles in insect lipid acquisition, storage and mobilisation and are also fundamental to many physiological processes underpinning insect reproduction, development, defence from pathogens and oxidative stress, and pheromone signalling. We have screened the recently sequenced genomes of five species from four orders of holometabolous insects, the dipterans Drosophila melanogaster and Anopheles gambiae, the hymenopteran Apis mellifera, the moth Bombyx mori and the beetle Tribolium castaneum, for the six major lipase families that are also found in other organisms. The two most numerous families in the insects, the neutral and acid lipases, are also the main families in mammals, albeit not in Caenorhabditis elegans, plants or microbes. Total numbers of the lipases vary two-fold across the five insect species, from numbers similar to those in mammals up to numbers comparable to those seen in C. elegans. Whilst there is a high degree of orthology with mammalian lipases in the other four families, the great majority of the insect neutral and acid lipases have arisen since the insect orders themselves diverged. Intriguingly, about 10% of the insect neutral and acid lipases have lost motifs critical for catalytic function. Examination of the length of lid and loop regions of the neutral lipase sequences suggest that most of the insect lipases lack triacylglycerol (TAG) hydrolysis activity, although the acid lipases all have intact cap domains required for TAG hydrolysis. We have also reviewed the sequence databases and scientific literature for insights into the expression profiles and functions of the insect neutral and acid lipases and the orthologues of the mammalian adipose triglyceride lipase which has a pivotal role in lipid mobilisation. These data suggest that some of the acid and neutral lipase diversity may be due to a requirement for rapid accumulation of dietary lipids. The different roles required of lipases at the four discrete life stages of holometabolous insects may also contribute to the diversity of lipases required by insects. In addition, insects use lipases to perform roles for which there are no correlates in mammals, including as yolk and male accessory gland proteins.
JF  - Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
AU  - Horne, I
AU  - Haritos, V S
AU  - Oakeshott, JG
AD  - GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia, victoria.haritos@csiro.au
Y1  - 2009/08//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Aug 2009
SP  - 547
EP  - 567
PB  - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl]
VL  - 39
IS  - 8
SN  - 0965-1748, 0965-1748
KW  - Genetics Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Entomology Abstracts
KW  - Genomes
KW  - Lipids
KW  - Nucleotide sequence
KW  - Apis mellifera
KW  - Development
KW  - Accessory gland
KW  - Yolk
KW  - Tribolium castaneum
KW  - Molecular biology
KW  - Pheromones
KW  - Oxidative stress
KW  - Triglycerides
KW  - Glands
KW  - Caenorhabditis elegans
KW  - genomics
KW  - Aquatic insects
KW  - Bombyx mori
KW  - Data processing
KW  - Developmental stages
KW  - Pathogens
KW  - Hydrolysis
KW  - Anopheles gambiae
KW  - orthology
KW  - Triacylglycerol lipase
KW  - Databases
KW  - Reviews
KW  - Drosophila melanogaster
KW  - Species diversity
KW  - DNA
KW  - Reproduction
KW  - Signal transduction
KW  - G 07800:Plants and Algae
KW  - Q1 08484:Species interactions: parasites and diseases
KW  - Z 05360:Genetics and Evolution
KW  - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-11-12
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Molecular biology; Glands; Nucleotide sequence; Species diversity; DNA; Pathogens; Hydrolysis; Aquatic insects; Data processing; Lipids; Developmental stages; Development; Accessory gland; orthology; Yolk; Databases; Triacylglycerol lipase; Pheromones; Oxidative stress; Triglycerides; Reviews; Reproduction; genomics; Signal transduction; Tribolium castaneum; Drosophila melanogaster; Caenorhabditis elegans; Apis mellifera; Bombyx mori; Anopheles gambiae
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ibmb.2009.06.002
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - RESEARCH ISSUES AND NITIATIVES: Agreement Could Speed Reductions in Animal Use
AN  - 21074992; 10989586
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Hood, Ernie
Y1  - 2009/08//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Aug 2009
SP  - A347
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 8
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Animals
KW  - ENA 07:General
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Animals
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Linking Environmental Particulate Matter with Genetic Alterations
AN  - 21074981; 10989579
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Cetta, Francesco
AU  - Dhamo, Armand
AU  - Malagnino, Giuliana
AU  - Galeazzi, Mauro
Y1  - 2009/08//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Aug 2009
SP  - A340
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 8
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts
KW  - Pollution effects
KW  - Particulates
KW  - Chromosome aberrations
KW  - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health
KW  - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH
KW  - ENA 07:General
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pollution effects; Particulates; Chromosome aberrations
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0900830
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Reconsideration of Acute Beryllium Disease
AN  - 21074967; 10989568
AB  - Context Although chronic beryllium disease (CBD) is clearly an immune-mediated granulomatous reaction to beryllium, acute beryllium disease (ABD) is commonly considered an irritative chemical phenomenon related to high exposures. Given reported new cases of ABD and projected increased demand for beryllium, we aimed to reevaluate the patho physiologic associations between ABD and CBD using two cases identified from a survey of beryllium production facility workers. Case Presentation Within weeks after exposure to beryllium fluoride began, two workers had systemic illness characterized by dermal and respiratory symptoms and precipitous declines in pulmonary function. Symptoms and pulmonary function abnormalities improved with cessation of exposure and, in one worker, recurred with repeat exposure. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid analyses and blood beryllium lymphocyte proliferation tests revealed lymphocytic alveolitis and cellular immune recognition of beryllium. None of the measured air samples exceeded 100 I14g/m super(3), and most were & 10 I14g/m super(3), lower than usually described. In both cases, lung biopsy about 18 months after acute illness revealed noncaseating granulomas. Years after first exposure, the workers left employment because of CBD. Discussion Contrary to common understanding, these cases suggest that ABD and CBD represent a continuum of disease, and both involve hypersensitivity reactions to beryllium. Differences in disease presentation and progression are likely influenced by the solubility of the beryllium compound involved. Relevance to Practice ABD may occur after exposures lower than the high concentrations commonly described. Prudence dictates limitation of further beryllium exposure in both ABD and CBD.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Cummings, Kristin J
AU  - Stefaniak, Aleksandr B
AU  - Virji, MAbbas
AU  - Kreiss, Kathleen
Y1  - 2009/08//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Aug 2009
SP  - 1250
EP  - 1256
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 8
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Environment Abstracts
KW  - acute
KW  - beryllium
KW  - beryllium disease
KW  - granuloma
KW  - hypersensitivity
KW  - immune sensitization
KW  - pneumonitis
KW  - Biopsy
KW  - Lymphocytes
KW  - Workers
KW  - Hypersensitivity
KW  - Bronchus
KW  - Fluoride
KW  - Air sampling
KW  - Respiratory function
KW  - Beryllium compounds
KW  - Occupational exposure
KW  - Berylliosis
KW  - Skin
KW  - Solubility
KW  - Granuloma
KW  - Alveoli
KW  - Blood
KW  - Lung
KW  - Beryllium
KW  - Alveolitis
KW  - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment
KW  - ENA 01:Air Pollution
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Berylliosis; Solubility; Skin; Biopsy; Lymphocytes; Granuloma; Alveoli; Workers; Blood; Hypersensitivity; Bronchus; Lung; Fluoride; Beryllium; Occupational exposure; Alveolitis; hypersensitivity; Air sampling; Respiratory function; Beryllium compounds
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0800455
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - DOUBLE PROTECTION: Reaching Accord on the Ethical Conduct of Child Observational Research
AN  - 21074748; 10989588
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Barrett, Julia R
Y1  - 2009/08//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Aug 2009
SP  - A354
EP  - A357
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 8
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Ethics
KW  - ENA 07:General
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ethics
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Association between GIS-Based Exposure to Urban Air Pollution during Pregnancy and Birth Weight in the INMA Sabadell Cohort
AN  - 21074724; 10989578
AB  - Background There is growing evidence that traffic-related air pollution reduces birth weight. Improving exposure assessment is a key issue to advance in this research area. Objective We investigated the effect of prenatal exposure to traffic-related air pollution via geographic information system (GIS) models on birth weight in 570 newborns from the INMA (Environment and Childhood) Sabadell cohort. Methods We estimated pregnancy and trimester-specific exposures to nitrogen dioxide and aromatic hydrocarbons [benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m/p-xylene, and o-xylene (BTEX)] by using temporally adjusted land-use regression (LUR) models. We built models for NO sub(2) and BTEX using four and three 1-week measurement campaigns, respectively, at 57 locations. We assessed the relationship between prenatal air pollution exposure and birth weight with linear regression models. We performed sensitivity analyses considering time spent at home and time spent in nonresidential outdoor environments during pregnancy. Results In the overall cohort, neither NO sub(2) nor BTEX exposure was significantly associated with birth weight in any of the exposure periods. When considering only women who spent & 2 hr/day in nonresidential outdoor environments, the estimated reductions in birth weight associated with an interquartile range increase in BTEX exposure levels were 77 g [95% confidence interval (CI), 7a146 g] and 102 g (95% CI, 28a176 g) for exposures during the whole pregnancy and the second trimester, respectively. The effects of NO sub(2) exposure were less clear in this subset. Conclusions The association of BTEX with reduced birth weight underscores the negative role of vehicle exhaust pollutants in reproductive health. Timeaactivity patterns during pregnancy complement GIS-based models in exposure assessment.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Aguilera, Inmaculada
AU  - Guxens, MAnica
AU  - Garcia-Esteban, Raquel
AU  - Corbella, Teresa
AU  - Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J
AU  - Foradada, Carles M
AU  - Sunyer, Jordi
AD  - Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology, Barcelona, Spain
Y1  - 2009/08//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Aug 2009
SP  - 1322
EP  - 1327
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 8
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts
KW  - air pollution
KW  - aromatic hydrocarbons
KW  - birth weight
KW  - cohort study
KW  - exposure assessment
KW  - geographic information system
KW  - INMA study
KW  - nitrogen dioxide
KW  - pregnancy
KW  - Birth weight
KW  - Atmospheric pollution models
KW  - Prenatal experience
KW  - Urban air
KW  - Toluene
KW  - Remote sensing
KW  - Statistical analysis
KW  - Pollution effects
KW  - Benzene
KW  - Models
KW  - Nitrogen dioxide
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - sensitivity analysis
KW  - Atmospheric pollution and health
KW  - Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
KW  - Regression analysis
KW  - Aromatic hydrocarbons
KW  - Exhaust emissions
KW  - Urban areas
KW  - Regression models
KW  - Atmospheric pollution effects
KW  - Children
KW  - Land use
KW  - Exhausts
KW  - Pregnancy
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - prenatal experience
KW  - Sensitivity analysis
KW  - Urban atmospheric pollution
KW  - Ethylbenzene
KW  - Neonates
KW  - Geographic information systems
KW  - p-Xylene
KW  - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42)
KW  - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health
KW  - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals
KW  - ENA 01:Air Pollution
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-05-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Birth weight; Prenatal experience; Toluene; Children; Benzene; Pregnancy; Models; Exhausts; Nitrogen dioxide; Air pollution; Pollutants; Regression analysis; Aromatic hydrocarbons; Geographic information systems; Neonates; Ethylbenzene; p-Xylene; Atmospheric pollution models; Sensitivity analysis; Urban air; Atmospheric pollution and health; Regression models; Geographic Information Systems (GIS); Statistical analysis; Atmospheric pollution effects; Urban atmospheric pollution; Land use; Remote sensing; Pollution effects; prenatal experience; sensitivity analysis; birth weight; aromatic hydrocarbons; Urban areas; Exhaust emissions
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0800256
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - PESTICIDES: Toward DDT-Free Malaria Control
AN  - 21074707; 10989582
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Burton, Adrian
Y1  - 2009/08//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Aug 2009
SP  - A344
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 8
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Environment Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources
KW  - Human diseases
KW  - malaria
KW  - Pesticides
KW  - Disease control
KW  - Malaria
KW  - Public health
KW  - K 03340:Effects of Physical & Chemical Factors
KW  - ENA 09:Land Use & Planning
KW  - Q1 08485:Species interactions: pests and control
KW  - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-10-28
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Human diseases; Pesticides; Disease control; Malaria; Public health; malaria
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Beat
AN  - 21074555; 10989585
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Dooley, Erin E
Y1  - 2009/08//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Aug 2009
SP  - A346
EP  - A347
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 8
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts; Environmental Engineering Abstracts
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Marine and Coastal Science: Ocean Currents Key to Methylmercury in North Pacific
AN  - 21074530; 10989583
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Potera, Carol
Y1  - 2009/08//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Aug 2009
SP  - A345
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 8
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Oceanic Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts
KW  - Marine
KW  - Methylmercury
KW  - Methyl mercury
KW  - Water quality
KW  - ocean currents
KW  - Nearshore dynamics
KW  - Ocean currents
KW  - Coastal currents
KW  - Coastal zone
KW  - IN, North Pacific
KW  - Oceans
KW  - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies
KW  - O 2010:Physical Oceanography
KW  - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate
KW  - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION
KW  - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution
KW  - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries
KW  - Q2 09170:Nearshore dynamics
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-09-17
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ocean currents; Methyl mercury; Coastal currents; Coastal zone; Water quality; Nearshore dynamics; Methylmercury; ocean currents; Oceans; IN, North Pacific; Marine
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Environmental Particulate Matter and Genetic Alterations: Tarantini et al. Respond
AN  - 21074522; 10989580
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Tarantini, Letizia
AU  - Bonzini, Matteo
AU  - Pegoraro, Valeria
AU  - Bollati, Valentina
AU  - Marinelli, Barbara
AU  - Cantone, Laura
AU  - Rizzo, Giovanna
AU  - Bertazzi, Pier Alberto
AU  - Baccarelli, Andrea
AU  - Apostoli, Pietro
AU  - Hou, Lifang
AU  - Schwartz, Joel
Y1  - 2009/08//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Aug 2009
SP  - A340
EP  - A341
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 8
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts; Environmental Engineering Abstracts
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0900830R
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Multi-Individual Pharmacokinetic Model Framework for Interpreting Time Trends of Persistent Chemicals in Human Populations: Application to a Postban Situation
AN  - 21071584; 10989572
AB  - Background Human milk and blood are monitored to detect time trends of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in humans. It is current practice to use log-linear regression to fit time series of averaged cross-sectional biomonitoring data, here referred to as cross-sectional trend data (CSTD). Objective The goals of our study are to clarify the interpretation of half-lives derived from fitting exponential functions to declining CSTD and to provide a method of estimating human elimination half-lives from CSTD collected in a postban situation. Methods We developed a multi-individual pharmacokinetic model framework and present analytical solutions for a postban period. For this case, the framework quantitatively describes the relationships among the half-life for reduction of body burdens of POPs derived from CSTD, the half-life describing decline in daily intake, and the half-life of elimination from the human body. Results The half-life derived from exponential fitting of CSTD collected under postban conditions describes the exposure trend and is independent of human elimination kinetics. We use a case study of DDT (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) to show that CSTD can be combined with exposure data obtained from total diet studies to estimate elimination kinetics of POPs for humans under background exposure conditions. Conclusions CSTD provide quantitative information about trends in human exposure and can be combined with exposure studies to estimate elimination kinetics. The full utility of these data has not been exploited so far. An efficient and informative monitoring strategy for banned POPs in humans would coordinate sampling of consistent sets of CSTD from young adults with total diet studies.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Ritter, Roland
AU  - Scheringer, Martin
AU  - MacLeod, Matthew
AU  - Schenker, Urs
AU  - Hungerbuhler, Konrad
Y1  - 2009/08//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Aug 2009
SP  - 1280
EP  - 1286
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 8
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - biomonitoring
KW  - DDT
KW  - exposure science
KW  - modeling
KW  - persistent organic pollutants
KW  - Bioindicators
KW  - Chemicals
KW  - time series analysis
KW  - Kinetics
KW  - Breast milk
KW  - exploitation
KW  - human populations
KW  - young adults
KW  - Pharmacokinetics
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chemicals; Bioindicators; time series analysis; Kinetics; Breast milk; exploitation; human populations; young adults; Pharmacokinetics
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0900648
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Age of Greatest Susceptibility to Childhood Lead Exposure: A New Statistical Approach
AN  - 21069483; 10989576
AB  - Background Susceptibility to lead toxicity is often assumed to be greatest during early childhood (e.g., 2 years of age), but recent studies suggest that blood lead concentrations (BPb) taken at 5a7 years of age are more strongly associated with IQ. Objective We aimed to determine the age of greatest susceptibility to lead exposure using an innovative statistical approach that avoids the problem of correlated serial BPb measurements. Methods We analyzed two cohorts of children that were followed from infancy to 6 years of age in Rochester, New York (n = 211), and Cincinnati, Ohio (n = 251). Serial BPb levels were measured and IQ tests were done when children were 6 years of age. After adjustment for relevant covariates, the ratio of 6-year BPb to 2-year BPb was added to the multiple regression model to test whether the pattern of BPb profiles during childhood had additional effect on IQ. Results The ratio of BPb at 6 years to the BPb at 2 years showed a strong effect on IQ (p & .001) when added to the multiple regression model that included the average childhood BPb. IQ decreased by 7.0 points for children whose BPb at 6 years of age was 50% greater than that at 2 years compared with children whose 6-year BPb was 50% less than their 2-year BPb. Similarly, criminal arrest rates were a factor of 3.35 higher for those subjects whose 6-year BPb was 50% higher than their 2-year BPb. Conclusions We conclude that 6-year BPb is more strongly associated with cognitive and behavioral development than is BPb measured in early childhood.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Hornung, Richard W
AU  - Lanphear, Bruce P
AU  - Dietrich, Kim N
AD  - Cincinnati Childrenas Environmental Health Center, Cincinnati Childrenas Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
Y1  - 2009/08//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Aug 2009
SP  - 1309
EP  - 1312
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 8
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts
KW  - age effects
KW  - blood lead
KW  - collinearity
KW  - temporal pattern
KW  - Age
KW  - Statistics
KW  - arrests
KW  - Development
KW  - USA, New York, Rochester
KW  - Lead
KW  - Models
KW  - USA, Ohio, Cincinnati
KW  - Regression analysis
KW  - intelligence
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - Children
KW  - USA, New York
KW  - Blood levels
KW  - Intelligence
KW  - Blood
KW  - cognitive ability
KW  - Cognitive ability
KW  - innovations
KW  - USA, Ohio
KW  - X 24360:Metals
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-05-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Blood; Intelligence; Age; Statistics; Cognitive ability; Regression analysis; Development; Toxicity; Children; Lead; Models; cognitive ability; arrests; innovations; Blood levels; intelligence; USA, Ohio, Cincinnati; USA, Ohio; USA, New York, Rochester; USA, New York
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0800426
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Exposure as Part of a Systems Approach for Assessing Risk
AN  - 21069324; 10989557
AB  - Background The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is facing large challenges in managing environmental chemicals with increasingly complex requirements for assessing risk that push the limits of our current approaches. To address some of these challenges, the National Research Council (NRC) developed a new vision for toxicity testing. Although the report focused only on toxicity testing, it recognized that exposure science will play a crucial role in a new risk-based framework. Objective In this commentary we expand on the important role of exposure science in a fully integrated system for risk assessment. We also elaborate on the exposure research needed to achieve this vision. Discussion Exposure science, when applied in an integrated systems approach for risk assessment, can be used to inform and prioritize toxicity testing, describe risks, and verify the outcomes of testing. Exposure research in several areas will be needed to achieve the NRC vision. For example, models are needed to screen chemicals based on exposure. Exposure, dosearesponse, and biological pathway models must be developed and linked. Advanced computational approaches are required for dose reconstruction. Monitoring methods are needed that easily measure exposure, internal dose, susceptibility, and biological outcome. Finally, population monitoring studies are needed to interpret toxicity test results in terms of real-world risk. Conclusion This commentary is a call for the exposure community to step up to the challenge by developing a predictive science with the knowledge and tools for moving into the 21st century.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Sheldon, Linda S
AU  - Cohen Hubal, Elaine A
AD  - National Exposure Research Laboratory and
Y1  - 2009/08//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Aug 2009
SP  - 1181
EP  - 1194
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 8
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts
KW  - computational biology
KW  - exposure science
KW  - modeling
KW  - risk assessment
KW  - systems biology
KW  - toxicity testing
KW  - Chemicals
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Population studies
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - Computer applications
KW  - Models
KW  - EPA
KW  - USA
KW  - Monitoring methods
KW  - Vision
KW  - Toxicity testing
KW  - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health
KW  - R2 23050:Environment
KW  - X 24300:Methods
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-05-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Vision; Population studies; Toxicity; Computer applications; Toxicity testing; Models; Chemicals; toxicity testing; EPA; Monitoring methods; USA
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0800407
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Bisphenol, npcRNAs and Utero-Ovarian Feed-Back Control of Breast Cancer Chemosensitivity
AN  - 21068872; 10989581
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Yarpuzlu, Aysegul
Y1  - 2009/08//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Aug 2009
SP  - A341
EP  - A342
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 8
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Breast cancer
KW  - Cancer
KW  - ENA 07:General
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Breast cancer; Cancer
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0900983
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - TOX 21: New Dimensions of Toxicity Testing
AN  - 21068832; 10989587
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Schmidt, Charles W
Y1  - 2009/08//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Aug 2009
SP  - A348
EP  - A353
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 8
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - toxicity testing
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21068832?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=TOX+21%3A+New+Dimensions+of+Toxicity+Testing&rft.au=Schmidt%2C+Charles+W&rft.aulast=Schmidt&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2009-08-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=A348&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - toxicity testing; Toxicity
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - HAZARDOUS WASTE: TVA Spillas Chemical Legacy
AN  - 21063032; 10989584
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Chatterjee, Rhitu
Y1  - 2009/08//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Aug 2009
SP  - A346
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 8
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Hazardous wastes
KW  - H 3000:Environment and Ecology
KW  - ENA 17:Waste Management-Solid
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hazardous wastes
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Cancer Incidence among Former Love Canal Residents
AN  - 21063022; 10989570
AB  - Background The Love Canal was a rectangular 16-acre, 10-ft-deep chemical waste landfill situated in a residential neighborhood in Niagara Falls, New York. This seriously contaminated site came to public attention in 1978. Only one prior study examined cancer incidence in former residents of the Love Canal neighborhood (LC). Objective In this study we aimed to describe cancer incidence in former LC residents from 1979 to 1996 and to investigate whether it differs from that of New York State (NYS) and Niagara County (NC). Methods From 1978 to 1982, we interviewed 6,181 former residents, and 5,052 were eligible to be included in this study. In 1996, we identified 304 cancer diagnoses in this cohort using the NYS Cancer Registry. We compared LC cancer incidence with that of NYS and NC using standardized incidence ratios (SIRs), and we compared risks within the LC group by potential exposure to the landfill using survival analysis. Results SIRs were elevated for cancers of the bladder [SIR sub(NYS) = 1.44; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.91a2.16] and kidney (SIR sub(NYS) = 1.48; 95% CI, 0.76a2.58). Although CIs included 1.00, other studies have linked these cancers to chemicals similar to those found at Love Canal. We also found higher rates of bladder cancer among residents exposed as children, based on two cases. Conclusions In explaining these excess risks, the role of exposure to the landfill is unclear given such limitations as a relatively small and incomplete study cohort, imprecise exposure measurements, and the exclusion of cancers diagnosed before 1979. Given the relatively young age of the cohort, further surveillance is warranted.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Gensburg, Lenore J
AU  - Pantea, Cristian
AU  - Kielb, Christine
AU  - Fitzgerald, Edward
AU  - Stark, Alice
AU  - Kim, Nancy
AD  - University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York, USA
Y1  - 2009/08//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Aug 2009
SP  - 1265
EP  - 1271
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 8
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts
KW  - cancer
KW  - community health
KW  - exposure assessment
KW  - hazardous waste sites
KW  - Love Canal
KW  - Age
KW  - Landfills
KW  - ISE, Pacific, New Zealand Island Terr., Niue I., Alofi, Sir
KW  - Children
KW  - Cancer
KW  - USA, New York
KW  - Canals
KW  - urinary bladder
KW  - Waste disposal sites
KW  - Kidney
KW  - Chemical wastes
KW  - Standards
KW  - survival
KW  - H 11000:Diseases/Injuries/Trauma
KW  - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - urinary bladder; Canals; Age; Landfills; Waste disposal sites; Chemical wastes; Kidney; Standards; Children; survival; Cancer; ISE, Pacific, New Zealand Island Terr., Niue I., Alofi, Sir; USA, New York
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0800153
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Nuclear Hormone Receptor Activity of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers and Their Hydroxylated and Methoxylated Metabolites in Transactivation Assays Using Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells
AN  - 21063012; 10989562
AB  - Background An increasing number of studies are reporting the existence of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and their hydroxylated (HO) and methoxylated (MeO) metabolites in the environment and in tissues from wildlife and humans. Objective Our aim was to characterize and compare the agonistic and antagonistic activities of principle PBDE congeners and their HO and MeO metabolites against human nuclear hormone receptors. Methods We tested the hormone receptor activities of estrogen receptor I- (ERI-), ERI2, androgen receptor (AR), glucocorticoid receptor (GR), thyroid hormone receptor I- sub(1) (TRI- sub(1)), and TRI2 sub(1) against PBDE congeners BDEs 15, 28, 47, 85, 99, 100, 153, and 209, four para-HO-PBDEs, and four para-MeO-PBDEs by highly sensitive reporter gene assays using Chinese hamster ovary cells. Results Of the 16 compounds tested, 6 and 2 showed agonistic activities in the ERI- and ERI2 assays, respectively, and 6 and 6 showed antagonistic activities in these assays. 4a2-HO-BDE-17 showed the most potent estrogenic activity via ERI-/I2, and 4a2-HO-BDE-49 showed the most potent anti estrogenic activity via ERI-/I2. In the AR assay, 13 compounds showed antagonistic activity, with 4a2-HO-BDE-17 in particular inhibiting AR-mediated transcriptional activity at low concentrations in the order of 10 super(a8) M. In the GR assay, seven compounds, including two HO-PBDEs and two MeO-PBDEs, showed weak antagonistic activity. In the TRI- sub(1) and TRI2 sub(1) assays, only 4-HO-BDE-90 showed weak antagonistic activity. Conclusions Taken together, these results suggest that PBDEs and their metabolites might have multiple endocrine-disrupting effects via nuclear hormone receptors, and para-HO-PBDEs, in particular, possess more potent receptor activities compared with those of the parent PBDEs and corresponding para-MeO-PBDEs.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Kojima, Hiroyuki
AU  - Takeuchi, Shinji
AU  - Uramaru, Naoto
AU  - Sugihara, Kazumi
AU  - Yoshida, Takahiko
AU  - Kitamura, Shigeyuki
AD  - Hokkaido Institute of Public Health, Sapporo, Japan
Y1  - 2009/08//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Aug 2009
SP  - 1210
EP  - 1218
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 8
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - androgen receptor
KW  - brominated diphenyl ether
KW  - Chinese hamster ovary cells
KW  - estrogen receptor
KW  - glucocorticoid receptor
KW  - reporter gene assay
KW  - thyroid hormone receptor
KW  - endocrine disruptors
KW  - Endocrine disruptors
KW  - Nuclear receptors
KW  - Wildlife
KW  - Thyroid
KW  - Assays
KW  - Transcription
KW  - Metabolites
KW  - Hormones
KW  - estrogenic activity
KW  - Polybrominated diphenyl ethers
KW  - Androgen receptors
KW  - polybrominated diphenyl ethers
KW  - Thyroid hormone receptors
KW  - Glucocorticoid receptors
KW  - Reporter gene
KW  - Congeners
KW  - Estrogen receptors
KW  - estrogens
KW  - ENA 21:Wildlife
KW  - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-05-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nuclear receptors; Endocrine disruptors; Wildlife; Transcription; Metabolites; estrogenic activity; Androgen receptors; polybrominated diphenyl ethers; Glucocorticoid receptors; Thyroid hormone receptors; Reporter gene; Congeners; Estrogen receptors; Polybrominated diphenyl ethers; endocrine disruptors; Thyroid; Assays; Hormones; estrogens
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0900753
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Environmental Health Research and the Observeras Dilemma
AN  - 21063005; 10989559
AB  - Background Environmental health researchers frequently study people in occupational, educational, recreational, or domestic settings who are exposed to hazardous agents. Objective/discussion Deciding whetheraand howato inform research subjects about risks they face in their environment can be a challenging task for investigators. Because legal rules and professional guidelines do not cover this topic, investigators must carefully consider their ethical obligations in light of the facts and circumstances. Conclusion To navigate through this dilemma, investigators should consider the evidence for the risks, the nature of the risks, the usefulness of risk information to the subjects, and the effects on the study and community of informing subjects about risks.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Resnik, David B
Y1  - 2009/08//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Aug 2009
SP  - 1191
EP  - 1194
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 8
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - beneficence
KW  - environmental health research
KW  - ethics
KW  - human subjects
KW  - observation
KW  - regulations
KW  - risk
KW  - risk communication
KW  - Recreation areas
KW  - guidelines
KW  - Ethics
KW  - Environmental health
KW  - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - guidelines; Recreation areas; Ethics; Environmental health
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0900861
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - New species and unexpected diversity of socially parasitic bees in the genus Inquilina Michener (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae)
AN  - 20820796; 10956653
AB  - Allodapine bees present particular problems for taxonomy due to a high level of morphological conservatism in adults, even between genera. However, this tribe of bees also presents a unique opportunity to explore the evolution of social parasitism because of the comparatively large number of origins of socially parasitic species. Morphological differences presented here, along with DNA sequence data and molecular phylogenetic analyses, indicate a much larger number of Australian social parasite species in the genus Inquilina than previously anticipated, and suggest that the final number of socially parasitic species may be considerable. We describe five new species and present sequence data that will help elucidate the delineation of further new species. Inquilina provides a unique opportunity to study the evolution of social parasitism in social insects, but further studies will need to encompass both population genetic and phylogenetic approaches.
JF  - Insect Science
AU  - Smith, JA
AU  - Schwarz, M P
AD  - Flinders University, School of Biological Sciences, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia, Jaclyn.Smith@flinders.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/08//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Aug 2009
SP  - 343
EP  - 350
VL  - 16
IS  - 4
SN  - 1672-9609, 1672-9609
KW  - Animal Behavior Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts
KW  - Phylogeny
KW  - Population genetics
KW  - Data processing
KW  - Nucleotide sequence
KW  - Taxonomy
KW  - Apoidea
KW  - Hymenoptera
KW  - Apidae
KW  - Parasitism
KW  - Evolution
KW  - New species
KW  - Y 25040:Behavioral Ecology
KW  - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies
KW  - Z 05360:Genetics and Evolution
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20820796?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Insect+Science&rft.atitle=New+species+and+unexpected+diversity+of+socially+parasitic+bees+in+the+genus+Inquilina+Michener+%28Hymenoptera%3A+Apoidea%3A+Apidae%29&rft.au=Smith%2C+JA%3BSchwarz%2C+M+P&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.date=2009-08-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=343&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Insect+Science&rft.issn=16729609&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1744-7917.2009.01266.x
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-09-01
N1  - Last updated - 2012-03-29
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Phylogeny; Population genetics; Data processing; Nucleotide sequence; Taxonomy; Parasitism; Evolution; New species; Apoidea; Hymenoptera; Apidae
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7917.2009.01266.x
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Do plant parts compete for resources? An evolutionary viewpoint
AN  - 20766928; 10294027
AB  - SummarySimultaneously growing sinks are thought to compete for plant resources. Negative correlations, for example between grain number and stem mass in cereals, indeed resemble competition; but is the notion of intra-plant competition evolutionarily justified? Here we review intra-plant competition in light of two aspects of evolutionary biology: (a) major transitions that led to the reorganization of evolutionary individuals (e.g. isolated DNA molecules and independent cells) into new units of adaptation (e.g. chromosomes and multicellular organisms) with associated constraints to intra-individual conflict; and (b) genomic conflicts within individual plants with implications for resource allocation. Against this background, we look at apparent competition among genetically identical plant parts, and conclude that plants might use competition-like mechanisms to allocate resources, but only to the extent that these proximate mechanisms enhance overall plant fitness. In dealing with apparent competition among genetically different plant structures, we emphasize developing seeds attached to the same maternal plant, and the determination of yield components in annual crops. We propose that competition-like mechanisms among genetically different plant parts have been strongly shaped by the evolution of genomic conflict between parent and offspring, between female and male parents, and among siblings. By defining the number and potential size of grain simultaneously and before fertilization, a strong maternal control of resource allocation is exerted that favours uniform offspring size and partially counteracts genomic conflict.New Phytologist (2009) 183: 565-574doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.02848.x
JF  - New Phytologist
AU  - Sadras, Victor O
AU  - Denison, RFord
AD  - 1South Australian Research and Development Institute, Waite Campus, GPO Box 397, Adelaide 5001, Australia
Y1  - 2009/08//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Aug 2009
SP  - 565
EP  - 574
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA
VL  - 183
IS  - 3
SN  - 0028-646X, 0028-646X
KW  - Ecology Abstracts
KW  - allogamy and autogamy
KW  - genomic conflict
KW  - parent-offspring
KW  - seed number and size
KW  - sibling rivalry
KW  - sink and source
KW  - trade-off
KW  - Fitness
KW  - Fertilization
KW  - Chromosomes
KW  - Seeds
KW  - Reviews
KW  - Siblings
KW  - genomics
KW  - Evolution
KW  - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20766928?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Phytologist&rft.atitle=Do+plant+parts+compete+for+resources%3F+An+evolutionary+viewpoint&rft.au=Sadras%2C+Victor+O%3BDenison%2C+RFord&rft.aulast=Sadras&rft.aufirst=Victor&rft.date=2009-08-01&rft.volume=183&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=565&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=New+Phytologist&rft.issn=0028646X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1469-8137.2009.02848.x
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-10-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fitness; Seeds; Chromosomes; Fertilization; Reviews; Siblings; genomics; Evolution
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.02848.x
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - snoRNAs in Giardia lamblia: a novel role in RNA silencing?
AN  - 20766068; 10271960
AB  - In the expanding world of small regulatory RNAs, a recent paper by Saraiya and Wang has reported the identification in the protozoan parasite Giardia lamblia of a novel class of small RNAs, which are derived by Dicer processing of small nucleolar RNAs and have the potential to function as micro RNAs. Interestingly, these RNAs occur not only in this parasite but also in humans.
JF  - Trends in Parasitology
AU  - Kolev, NG
AU  - Ullu, E
AD  - 295 Congress Av, elisabetta.ullu@yale.edu
Y1  - 2009/08//
PY  - 2009
DA  - August 2009
SP  - 348
EP  - 350
PB  - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl]
VL  - 25
IS  - 8
SN  - 1471-4922, 1471-4922
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality
KW  - Parasites
KW  - Nucleoli
KW  - Human diseases
KW  - RNA
KW  - Reviews
KW  - Giardia lamblia
KW  - RNA-mediated interference
KW  - snoRNA
KW  - Freshwater
KW  - Public health
KW  - K 03400:Human Diseases
KW  - Q1 08484:Species interactions: parasites and diseases
KW  - N 14830:RNA
KW  - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20766068?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Trends+in+Parasitology&rft.atitle=snoRNAs+in+Giardia+lamblia%3A+a+novel+role+in+RNA+silencing%3F&rft.au=Kolev%2C+NG%3BUllu%2C+E&rft.aulast=Kolev&rft.aufirst=NG&rft.date=2009-08-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=348&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Trends+in+Parasitology&rft.issn=14714922&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.pt.2009.05.001
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-05-27
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Parasites; Human diseases; RNA; Public health; Nucleoli; Reviews; RNA-mediated interference; snoRNA; Giardia lamblia; Freshwater
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pt.2009.05.001
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effect of Metarhizium anisopliae inoculation on the mating behavior of three species of African Tephritid fruit flies, Ceratitis capitata, Ceratitis cosyra and Ceratitis fasciventris
AN  - 20635330; 9374222
AB  - Bioassays were carried out in the laboratory to investigate the effect of inoculation by Metarhizium anisopliae on mating behavior of three species of fruit flies, Ceratitis cosyra, C. fasciventris and C. capitata. In all three species, inoculation by the fungus resulted in significant delay in the commencement of calling and mating of treated males as they spent substantial amount of time in grooming activity. In fungus-treated male flies, calling and mating started at 70.0-80.0 min after exposing them to untreated females. However, when females were treated, calling and mating started from 15.0 to 16.0 min. Fungus- treated males competed equally with untreated males for virgin female flies from day 0 to day 2 post- inoculation. There were, however, significant differences on day 3, with untreated males of the three fruit fly species having higher percentage of paring than fungus-treated males. There was no significant difference in the duration of pairing of fungus-treated males and untreated male of the three fruit fly species at day 0, 1 and 2 post-inoculation. However, on day 3 post-inoculation, there was a significant difference in the duration of mating with fungus-treated males having the lowest duration of mating. No significant differences in the percentage of mating between fungus-treated male and female flies; and the untreated flies at day 0, 1 and 2 days post-inoculation, except on day 3. The results are discussed with regard to application in autodissemination, baiting and the sterile insect techniques.
JF  - Biological Control
AU  - Dimbi, Susan
AU  - Maniania, Nguya K
AU  - Ekesi, Sunday
AD  - International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), PO Box 30772-00100 GPO, Nairobi, Kenya, nmaniania@icipe.org
Y1  - 2009/08//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Aug 2009
SP  - 111
EP  - 116
PB  - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl]
VL  - 50
IS  - 2
SN  - 1049-9644, 1049-9644
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Entomology Abstracts
KW  - Entomopathogenic fungus
KW  - Metarhizium anisopliae
KW  - Fruit flies
KW  - Ceratitis cosyra
KW  - C. fasciventris
KW  - C. capitata
KW  - Fungal inoculation
KW  - Mating behavior
KW  - Competitiveness.
KW  - Ceratitis
KW  - Ceratitis capitata
KW  - Biological control
KW  - Grooming
KW  - Inoculation
KW  - Baiting
KW  - A 01370:Biological Control
KW  - Z 05330:Reproduction and Development
KW  - K 03420:Plant Diseases
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20635330?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biological+Control&rft.atitle=Effect+of+Metarhizium+anisopliae+inoculation+on+the+mating+behavior+of+three+species+of+African+Tephritid+fruit+flies%2C+Ceratitis+capitata%2C+Ceratitis+cosyra+and+Ceratitis+fasciventris&rft.au=Dimbi%2C+Susan%3BManiania%2C+Nguya+K%3BEkesi%2C+Sunday&rft.aulast=Dimbi&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2009-08-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=111&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biological+Control&rft.issn=10499644&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biocontrol.2009.04.006
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-06-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological control; Mating behavior; Grooming; Inoculation; Baiting; Ceratitis capitata; Ceratitis; Metarhizium anisopliae
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2009.04.006
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Rare earth element geochemistry of scleractinian coral skeleton during meteoric diagenesis: a sequence through neomorphism of aragonite to calcite
AN  - 20230468; 10294492
AB  - AbstractRare earth element geochemistry in carbonate rocks is utilized increasingly for studying both modern oceans and palaeoceanography, with additional applications for investigating water-rock interactions in groundwater and carbonate diagenesis. However, the study of rare earth element geochemistry in ancient rocks requires the preservation of their distribution patterns through subsequent diagenesis. The subjects of this study, Pleistocene scleractinian coral skeletons from Windley Key, Florida, have undergone partial to complete neomorphism from aragonite to calcite in a meteoric setting; they allow direct comparison of rare earth element distributions in original coral skeleton and in neomorphic calcite. Neomorphism occurred in a vadose setting along a thin film, with degradation of organic matter playing an initial role in controlling the morphology of the diagenetic front. As expected, minor element concentrations vary significantly between skeletal aragonite and neomorphic calcite, with Sr, Ba and U decreasing in concentration and Mn increasing in concentration in the calcite, suggesting that neomorphism took place in an open system. However, rare earth elements were largely retained during neomorphism, with precipitating cements taking up excess rare earth elements released from dissolved carbonates from higher in the karst system. Preserved rare earth element patterns in the stabilized calcite closely reflect the original rare earth element patterns of the corals and associated reef carbonates. However, minor increases in light rare earth element depletion and negative Ce anomalies may reflect shallow oxidized groundwater processes, whereas decreasing light rare earth element depletion may reflect mixing of rare earth elements from associated microbialites or contamination from insoluble residues. Regardless of these minor disturbances, the results indicate that rare earth elements, unlike many minor elements, behave very conservatively during meteoric diagenesis. As the meteoric transformation of aragonite to calcite is a near worst case scenario for survival of original marine trace element distributions, this study suggests that original rare earth element patterns may commonly be preserved in ancient limestones, thus providing support for the use of ancient marine limestones as proxies for marine rare earth element geochemistry.
JF  - Sedimentology
AU  - Webb, Gregory E
AU  - Nothdurft, Luke D
AU  - Kamber, Balz S
AU  - Kloprogge, J T
AU  - Zhao, Jian-Xin
AD  - *School of Natural Resource Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia ( : ge.webb[at]qut.edu.au)
Y1  - 2009/08//
PY  - 2009
DA  - August 2009
SP  - 1433
EP  - 1463
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA
VL  - 56
IS  - 5
SN  - 0037-0746, 0037-0746
KW  - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources
KW  - Carbonate diagenesis
KW  - meteoric diagenesis
KW  - neomorphism
KW  - rare earth elements
KW  - scleractinian coral
KW  - trace element geochemistry
KW  - Scleractinia
KW  - ASW, USA, Florida
KW  - Rare earths
KW  - Palaeoceanography
KW  - Coral reefs
KW  - Organic matter
KW  - Calcite
KW  - Pleistocene
KW  - Open systems
KW  - Aragonite
KW  - Diagenesis
KW  - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation
KW  - O 4080:Pollution - Control and Prevention
KW  - Q1 08187:Palaeontology
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sedimentology&rft.atitle=Rare+earth+element+geochemistry+of+scleractinian+coral+skeleton+during+meteoric+diagenesis%3A+a+sequence+through+neomorphism+of+aragonite+to+calcite&rft.au=Webb%2C+Gregory+E%3BNothdurft%2C+Luke+D%3BKamber%2C+Balz+S%3BKloprogge%2C+J+T%3BZhao%2C+Jian-Xin&rft.aulast=Webb&rft.aufirst=Gregory&rft.date=2009-08-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1433&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sedimentology&rft.issn=00370746&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-3091.2008.01041.x
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-03-17
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rare earths; Palaeoceanography; Organic matter; Coral reefs; Calcite; Pleistocene; Open systems; Aragonite; Diagenesis; Scleractinia; ASW, USA, Florida
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3091.2008.01041.x
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The inter-tester reliability of humeral head position in junior swimmers
AN  - 20094158; 10241788
AB  - Objectives: To determine the inter-tester reliability of a clinical measure of humeral head position. Design: Same day repeated measures inter-tester reliability study. Setting: 2 Western Australian Aquatic Centres. Participants: 15 Junior elite swimmers were measured by 3 investigators. Main Outcome Measures: The distance between the most anterior part of the humeral head and the anterior acromion was measured with shoulder in neutral position and hands on hips position. Results: The humeral head SEMs ranged from 2.4 to 3.2mm. ICCs were 0.60-0.68 in the hands on hips position and 0.49 in the neutral position. Significant differences existed between testers for some humeral head measures. Conclusions: Humeral head in the hands on hips position measure appears to be a clinically useful tool in assessment of the shoulder in young athletes.
JF  - Physical Therapy in Sport
AU  - McKenna, L
AU  - Straker, L
AU  - Smith, A
AD  - Curtin University of Technology, School of Physiotherapy, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia, l.mckenna@curtin.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/08//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Aug 2009
SP  - 97
EP  - 100
PB  - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl]
VL  - 10
IS  - 3
SN  - 1466-853X, 1466-853X
KW  - Physical Education Index
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - Hands
KW  - Measurement
KW  - Reliability
KW  - Shoulders
KW  - Sports
KW  - Youth
KW  - Hips
KW  - Aquatics
KW  - PE 110:Physical Therapy
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20094158?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aphysicaleducation&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physical+Therapy+in+Sport&rft.atitle=The+inter-tester+reliability+of+humeral+head+position+in+junior+swimmers&rft.au=McKenna%2C+L%3BStraker%2C+L%3BSmith%2C+A&rft.aulast=McKenna&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2009-08-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=97&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physical+Therapy+in+Sport&rft.issn=1466853X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ptsp.2009.02.002
LA  - English
DB  - Physical Education Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-07-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hips; Reliability; Hands; Youth; Shoulders; Measurement; Evaluation; Sports; Aquatics
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ptsp.2009.02.002
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Toxicology in the Fast Lane: Application of High-Throughput Bioassays to Detect Modulation of Key Enzymes and Receptors
AN  - 746080255; 12747175
AB  - Legislation at state, federal, and international levels is requiring rapid evaluation of the toxicity of numerous chemicals. Whole-animal toxicologic studies cannot yield the necessary throughput in a cost-effective fashion, leading to a critical need for a faster and more cost-effective toxicologic evaluation of xenobiotics. We tested whether mechanistically based screening assays can rapidly provide information on the potential for compounds to affect key enzymes and receptor targets, thus identifying those compounds requiring further in-depth analysis. A library of 176 synthetic chemicals was prepared and examined in a high-throughput screening (HTS) manner using nine enzyme-based and five receptor-based bioassays. All the assays have high Z' values, indicating good discrimination among compounds in a reliable fashion, and thus are suitable for HTS assays. On average, three positive hits were obtained per assay. Although we identified compounds that were previously shown to inhibit a particular enzyme class or receptor, we surprisingly discovered that triclosan, a microbiocide present in personal care products, inhibits carboxylesterases and that dichlone, a fungicide, strongly inhibits the ryanodine receptors. Considering the need to rapidly screen tens of thousands of anthropogenic compounds, our study shows the feasibility of using combined HTS assays as a novel approach toward obtaining toxicologic data on numerous biological end points. The HTS assay approach is very useful to quickly identify potentially hazardous compounds and to prioritize them for further in-depth studies.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Morisseau, Christophe
AU  - Merzlikin, Oleg
AU  - Lin, Amy
AU  - He, Guochun
AU  - Feng, Wei
AU  - Padilla, Isela
AU  - Denison, Michael S
AU  - Pessah, Isaac N
AU  - Hammock, B D
AD  - Department of Entomology and Cancer Center and
Y1  - 2009/07/31/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 31
SP  - 1867
EP  - 1872
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 2
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts
KW  - bioassays
KW  - biomarkers
KW  - enzyme inhibition
KW  - high-throughput assays
KW  - triclocarban
KW  - triclosan
KW  - Chemicals
KW  - Feasibility studies
KW  - discrimination
KW  - Data processing
KW  - Consumer products
KW  - anthropogenic factors
KW  - Enzymes
KW  - Carboxylesterase
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - Xenobiotics
KW  - Ryanodine receptors
KW  - Bioassays
KW  - Economics
KW  - Fungicides
KW  - high-throughput screening
KW  - Triclosan
KW  - Legislation
KW  - H 14000:Toxicology
KW  - X 24330:Agrochemicals
KW  - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/746080255?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Critical+reviews+in+microbiology&rft.atitle=Microbiological+food+safety%3A+a+dilemma+of+developing+societies.&rft.au=Akhtar%2C+Saeed%3BSarker%2C+Mahfuzur+R%3BHossain%2C+Ashfaque&rft.aulast=Akhtar&rft.aufirst=Saeed&rft.date=2014-11-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=348&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Critical+reviews+in+microbiology&rft.issn=1549-7828&rft_id=info:doi/10.3109%2F1040841X.2012.742036
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-05-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-05-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ryanodine receptors; Data processing; Fungicides; Carboxylesterase; Enzymes; high-throughput screening; Xenobiotics; Toxicity; Triclosan; Legislation; Feasibility studies; Chemicals; discrimination; Bioassays; Consumer products; anthropogenic factors; Economics
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0900834
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Well-Water Consumption and Parkinson's Disease in Rural California
AN  - 746079796; 12747432
AB  - Investigators have hypothesized that consuming pesticide-contaminated well water plays a role in Parkinson's disease (PD), and several previous epidemiologic studies support this hypothesis. We investigated whether consuming water from private wells located in areas with documented historical pesticide use was associated with an increased risk of PD. We employed a geographic information system (GIS)-based model to estimate potential well-water contamination from agricultural pesticides among 368 cases and 341 population controls enrolled in the Parkinson's Environment and Genes Study (PEG). We separately examined 6 pesticides (diazinon, chlorpyrifos, propargite, paraquat, dimethoate, and methomyl) from among 26 chemicals selected for their potential to pollute groundwater or for their interest in PD, and because at least 10% of our population was exposed to them. Cases were more likely to have consumed private well water and to have consumed it on average 4.3 years longer than controls (p = 0.02). High levels of possible well-water contamination with methomyl [odds ratio (OR) = 1.67; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.00-2.78]), chlorpyrifos (OR = 1.87; 95% CI, 1.05-3.31), and propargite (OR = 1.92; 95% CI, 1.15-3.20) resulted in approximately 70-90% increases in relative risk of PD. Adjusting for ambient pesticide exposures only slightly attenuated these increases. Exposure to a higher number of water-soluble pesticides and organophosphate pesticides also increased the relative risk of PD. Our study, the first to use agricultural pesticide application records, adds evidence that consuming well water presumably contaminated with pesticides may play a role in the etiology of PD.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Gatto, Nicole M
AU  - Cockburn, Myles
AU  - Bronstein, Jeff
AU  - Manthripragada, Angelika D
AU  - Ritz, Beate
AD  - Department of Epidemiology, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
Y1  - 2009/07/31/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 31
SP  - 1912
EP  - 1918
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 2
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Risk Abstracts
KW  - agriculture
KW  - contamination
KW  - Parkinson's
KW  - pesticide
KW  - well water
KW  - Historical account
KW  - Contamination
KW  - Parkinson's disease
KW  - Pesticide applications
KW  - Agricultural Chemicals
KW  - Exposure
KW  - population control
KW  - Paraquat
KW  - Pesticides (organophosphorus)
KW  - Chlorpyrifos
KW  - Movement disorders
KW  - Water Pollution Effects
KW  - Dimethoate
KW  - Geographic information systems
KW  - Groundwater
KW  - Chemicals
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Organophosphates
KW  - Remote sensing
KW  - Well Water
KW  - Ground water
KW  - USA, California
KW  - Polyethylene glycol
KW  - Etiology
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - Risk
KW  - Neurodegenerative diseases
KW  - Population control
KW  - Pesticides
KW  - Water wells
KW  - dimethoate
KW  - Diazinon
KW  - Rural areas
KW  - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION
KW  - N3 11028:Neuropharmacology & toxicology
KW  - SW 3030:Effects of pollution
KW  - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-05-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-05-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Pesticides (organophosphorus); Etiology; Contamination; Parkinson's disease; Pesticide applications; Chlorpyrifos; Neurodegenerative diseases; Movement disorders; Ground water; Geographic information systems; Dimethoate; Polyethylene glycol; Diazinon; Paraquat; Chemicals; Historical account; Organophosphates; Remote sensing; Population control; Pesticides; Water wells; Groundwater; dimethoate; population control; Rural areas; Risk; Agricultural Chemicals; Exposure; Water Pollution Effects; Toxicity; Well Water; USA, California
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0900852
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Analysis of pharmaceuticals in indirect potable reuse systems using solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
AN  - 67476365; 19560149
AB  - A solid-phase extraction (SPE) LC-MS/MS method for 18 commercial drugs in secondary wastewater and product water from water recycling plants using microfiltration (MF) and reverse osmosis (RO) has been developed, optimised and validated. The method incorporates a range of multi-class pharmaceuticals including lipid lowering agents, analgesics, antipyretics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antidepressants, anticoagulants, tranquilizers, cytostatic agents, and antiepileptics. Method limits of quantitation (MLQs) in secondary wastewater ranged from 15 to 250 ng/L, while MLQs in post-RO water ranged from 1 to 25 ng/L. Results from analysis of secondary wastewater from Western Australia are presented, and represent the largest survey of non-antibiotic pharmaceuticals within Australia to date. Analysis of post-RO water from two MF/RO water recycling facilities also demonstrate that MF/RO treatment removes most pharmaceuticals to below the analytical limits of detection, and more importantly, up to seven orders of magnitude below health-based guideline values.
JF  - Journal of chromatography. A
AU  - Busetti, Francesco
AU  - Linge, Kathryn L
AU  - Heitz, Anna
AD  - Curtin Water Quality Research Centre, Department of Applied Chemistry, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia. f.busetti@exchange.curtin.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/07/31/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 31
SP  - 5807
EP  - 5818
VL  - 1216
IS  - 31
KW  - Industrial Waste
KW  - 0
KW  - Pharmaceutical Preparations
KW  - Water Pollutants, Chemical
KW  - Index Medicus
KW  - Sensitivity and Specificity
KW  - Drug Industry
KW  - Reproducibility of Results
KW  - Linear Models
KW  - Water Purification -- methods
KW  - Chromatography, Liquid -- methods
KW  - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis
KW  - Tandem Mass Spectrometry -- methods
KW  - Solid Phase Extraction -- methods
KW  - Industrial Waste -- analysis
KW  - Pharmaceutical Preparations -- analysis
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date completed - 2009-09-24
N1  - Date created - 2009-07-13
N1  - Date revised - 2017-01-13
N1  - Last updated - 2017-01-18
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2009.06.001
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Uganda: Current Conditions and the Crisis in North Uganda
AN  - 58847298; 2008-407094
AB  - This report discusses the current political situation in Uganda, with President Yoweri Museveni and his ruling National Revolutionary Movement (NRM) parliamentary candidates winning a decisive victory over opposition candidate Kizza Besigye and the Forum for Democracy Coalition in elections that the International election observers did not condemn, nor fully endorse. In the north, the government of Uganda has long fought the Lord's Resistance Army (LRA), an armed rebel group backed by the government of Sudan -- a struggle which has created a humanitarian crisis that has displaced over 1.5 million people and resulted in the abduction of over 20,000 children. Tables, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 31 2009, 33 pp.
AU  - Dagne, Ted
Y1  - 2009/07/31/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 31
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Politics - Elections and voting
KW  - Government - Public officials
KW  - Government - Forms of government
KW  - Politics - Political ideologies and movements
KW  - Presidents
KW  - Elections
KW  - Museveni, Yoweri Kaguta
KW  - Uganda
KW  - Democracy
KW  - Government and politics
KW  - Sudan
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL33701_20090731.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL33701
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The Student Aid and Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2009
AN  - 58845911; 2008-407093
AB  - The Student Aid and Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2009, H.R. 3221, would fund expansions of several Higher Education Act (HEA) of 1965 programs and benefits, including the Federal Pell Grant program, the William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan (DL) program, programs serving minorities, and the College Access Challenge Grant program, and would alter procedures for determining student aid eligibility. H.R. 3221 also would establish several new programs under the HEA, including a new Veterans Educational Equity Supplemental Grant Program, a new Federal Direct Perkins Loan offered through the DL program, and a College Access and Completion Innovation Fund. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 31 2009, 27 pp.
AU  - Smole, David P
AU  - Mahan, Shannon M
AU  - McCallion, Gail
AU  - Skinner, Rebecca R
AU  - Bradley, David H
AU  - Dortch, Cassandria
Y1  - 2009/07/31/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 31
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Education and education policy - Education financing and facilities
KW  - Education and education policy - Education
KW  - Education and education policy - Education personnel and population
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Public finance
KW  - United States
KW  - Educational policy
KW  - College students
KW  - Government loans and grants
KW  - Student loans
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58845911?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Smole%2C+David+P%3BMahan%2C+Shannon+M%3BMcCallion%2C+Gail%3BSkinner%2C+Rebecca+R%3BBradley%2C+David+H%3BDortch%2C+Cassandria&rft.aulast=Smole&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2009-07-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+Student+Aid+and+Fiscal+Responsibility+Act+of+2009&rft.title=The+Student+Aid+and+Fiscal+Responsibility+Act+of+2009&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40742_20090731.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40742
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Longitudinal Mercury Monitoring within the Japanese and Korean Communities (United States): Implications for Exposure Determination and Public Health Protection
AN  - 1677948376; 12747332
AB  - Estimates of exposure to toxicants are predominantly obtained from single time-point data. Fish consumption guidance based on these data may be incomplete, as recommendations are unlikely to consider impact from factors such as intraindividual variability, seasonal differences in consumption behavior, and species consumed. We studied populations of Korean (n = 108) and Japanese (n = 106) women living in the Puget Sound area in Washington State to estimate mercury exposure based on fish intake and hair Hg levels at two and three time points, respectively. Our goals were to examine changes in hair Hg levels, fish intake behavior, and Hg body burden over time; and to determine if data from multiple time points could improve guidance. More than 50 fish species were consumed, with eight species representing approximately three-fourths of fish consumed by the Japanese and 10 species representing approximately four-fifths of fish intake by the Koreans. Fish species responsible for most Hg intake did not change over time; & 10 species accounted for most of the Hg body burden in each population. Longitudinal variability of hair Hg levels changed slowly across the study period. Japanese with hair Hg levels > 1.2 ppm (mean, 2.2 ppm) consumed approximately 150% more fish than those with levels , 1.2 ppm (mean, 0.7 ppm). However, because many participants consumed substantial amounts of fish while having hair-Hg levels , 1.2 ppm, the nutritional benefits offered from fish consumption should be obtainable without exceeding the RfD. We observed a 100% difference in fish intake between open-ended and 2-week recall fish consumption surveys. Open-ended survey data better represent Hg intake as determined from hair Hg levels. Single time-point fish intake data appear to be adequate for deriving guidance, but caution is warranted, as study is required to determine the significance of the different outcomes observed using the two survey time frames.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Tsuchiya, Ami
AU  - Hinners, Thomas A
AU  - Krogstad, Finn
AU  - White, Jim W
AU  - Burbacher, Thomas M
AU  - Faustman, Elaine M
AU  - Marieen, Koenraad
AD  - Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Services and
Y1  - 2009/07/31/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 31
SP  - 1760
EP  - 1766
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 1
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE); Aerospace & High Technology Database (AH)
KW  - consumption
KW  - exposure
KW  - fish
KW  - fish advisories
KW  - hair
KW  - mercury
KW  - longitudinal
KW  - reference dose
KW  - temporal
KW  - Estimates
KW  - Intakes
KW  - Consumption
KW  - Surveys
KW  - Mercury
KW  - Fish
KW  - Hair
KW  - Populations
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-06-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-05-04
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0900801
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Pakistan's Nuclear Weapons: Proliferation and Security Issues
AN  - 58828498; 2008-407095
AB  - Pakistan's nuclear arsenal consists of approximately 60 nuclear warheads; and Islamabad continues to produce fissile material, add to related production facilities, and deploy additional delivery vehicles. After the 2004 revelations about a procurement network run by former Pakistani nuclear official A.Q. Khan, Islamabad improved its nuclear security and prevented further proliferation of nuclear-related technologies and materials; yet, while US and Pakistani officials continue to express confidence in controls over Pakistan's nuclear weapons, continued instability in the country could impact these safeguards. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 30 2009, 18 pp.
AU  - Kerr, Paul K
AU  - Nikitin, Mary Beth
Y1  - 2009/07/30/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 30
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military equipment and weapons
KW  - International relations - International peace and security
KW  - Government - Internal security
KW  - Pakistan
KW  - Atomic weapons
KW  - Nuclear nonproliferation
KW  - Arsenals
KW  - Regional security
KW  - Internal security
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL34248_20090730.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL34248
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Short-term responses of ground-active beetles to alternative silvicultural systems in the Warra Silvicultural Systems Trial, Tasmania, Australia
AN  - 20691305; 10067331
AB  - The Warra Silvicultural Systems Trial (SST) in Tasmania, Australia provides a framework for investigating the responses of beetles (Order: Coleoptera) to three alternative systems in lowland wet eucalypt forest: aggregated retention; dispersed retention; and understorey islands retained in clearfelled areas. Beetles from three families known to be sensitive to forest management, the families Carabidae (ground-beetles), Curculionidae (weevils) and Leiodidae (fungus-beetles), were collected with pitfall traps prior to harvest, and in the first and third years post-harvest. The retained aggregates in the aggregated retention system maintained beetle assemblages reasonably typical of mature forests, at least in these early years following harvesting. These aggregates appear to provide a stable habitat, with similar species composition in the first and third years post-harvest. In contrast, the harvested areas of the aggregated retention system contained low numbers of beetle species affiliated with mature forest, as did the understorey islands and the dispersed retention system. Relative to clearfelling, all alternative silvicultural systems appeared to be of some benefit to beetles affiliated with mature forest, but aggregated retention retained far greater numbers of these beetles compared to the other systems in Tasmanian wet eucalypt forest.
JF  - Forest Ecology and Management
AU  - Baker, S C
AU  - Grove, S J
AU  - Forster, L
AU  - Bonham, K J
AU  - Bashford, D
AD  - Division of Forest Research and Development, GPO Box 207, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia, Simon.Grove@forestrytas.com.au
Y1  - 2009/07/30/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 30
SP  - 444
EP  - 459
PB  - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/]
VL  - 258
IS  - 4
SN  - 0378-1127, 0378-1127
KW  - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Entomology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts
KW  - silviculture
KW  - Forest management
KW  - pitfall traps
KW  - Coleoptera
KW  - Leiodidae
KW  - Forests
KW  - Habitat
KW  - forest management
KW  - Silviculture
KW  - Islands
KW  - Carabidae
KW  - Pitfall traps
KW  - Curculionidae
KW  - harvesting
KW  - understory
KW  - Species composition
KW  - Z 05340:Ecology and Behavior
KW  - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development
KW  - K 03450:Ecology
KW  - ENA 21:Wildlife
KW  - D 04060:Management and Conservation
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forest+Ecology+and+Management&rft.atitle=Short-term+responses+of+ground-active+beetles+to+alternative+silvicultural+systems+in+the+Warra+Silvicultural+Systems+Trial%2C+Tasmania%2C+Australia&rft.au=Baker%2C+S+C%3BGrove%2C+S+J%3BForster%2C+L%3BBonham%2C+K+J%3BBashford%2C+D&rft.aulast=Baker&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2009-07-30&rft.volume=258&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=444&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Forest+Ecology+and+Management&rft.issn=03781127&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.foreco.2009.03.044
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-07-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Forest management; Silviculture; Islands; Pitfall traps; Species composition; Habitat; forest management; silviculture; pitfall traps; harvesting; understory; Forests; Coleoptera; Carabidae; Curculionidae; Leiodidae
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2009.03.044
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Log decomposition rates in Tasmanian Eucalyptus obliqua determined using an indirect chronosequence approach
AN  - 20688367; 10067317
AB  - Coarse woody debris (CWD) is a fundamental component of forest ecosystems, but one whose management presents challenges for land managers because its inputs and outputs are linked to, but not often in equilibrium with, disturbance events, including wildfire and logging. Understanding its rate of decomposition is one key element in being able to model its dynamics under different disturbance and management scenarios. We employed an indirect chronosequence approach to determine a decomposition rate for CWD of Eucalyptus obliqua, one of the dominant trees of Tasmania's commercially important lowland wet eucalypt forests. In sequence, we developed an understanding of the relationships of (1) decay-class and wood density; (2) decay-class and years-since-disturbance; and (3) wood density and years-since-disturbance, from which we derived decomposition functions, including single negative exponential functions. We found no clear relationship between decomposition rate and either log diameter or the nature of the disturbance event (logging or wildfire). We showed that models developed without a consideration of the effects of log fragmentation imply unrealistically slow decomposition rates. Our derived first-order decomposition rate constant (k) is 0.0085. This suggests that E. obliqua CWD in Tasmania's southern forests decomposes very slowly in comparison with CWD decomposition rates reported from most other parts of the world. We intend to apply our findings to the task of modelling CWD dynamics for informing forest management.
JF  - Forest Ecology and Management
AU  - Grove, S J
AU  - Stamm, L
AU  - Barry, C
AD  - Forestry Tasmania, GPO Box 207, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia, simon.grove@forestrytas.com.au
Y1  - 2009/07/30/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 30
SP  - 389
EP  - 397
PB  - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/]
VL  - 258
IS  - 4
SN  - 0378-1127, 0378-1127
KW  - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts
KW  - wildfire
KW  - Forest management
KW  - disturbance
KW  - Forest ecosystems
KW  - Trees
KW  - Forests
KW  - Wood
KW  - logging
KW  - Decomposition
KW  - Eucalyptus
KW  - Models
KW  - Logging
KW  - forest management
KW  - Wildfire
KW  - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development
KW  - ENA 15:Renewable Resources-Terrestrial
KW  - D 04060:Management and Conservation
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20688367?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forest+Ecology+and+Management&rft.atitle=Log+decomposition+rates+in+Tasmanian+Eucalyptus+obliqua+determined+using+an+indirect+chronosequence+approach&rft.au=Grove%2C+S+J%3BStamm%2C+L%3BBarry%2C+C&rft.aulast=Grove&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2009-07-30&rft.volume=258&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=389&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Forest+Ecology+and+Management&rft.issn=03781127&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.foreco.2008.11.006
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-07-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Logging; Forest management; Wildfire; Trees; Decomposition; Models; forest management; wildfire; disturbance; Forest ecosystems; Wood; Forests; logging; Eucalyptus
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2008.11.006
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Early responses of birds to clearfelling and its alternatives in lowland wet eucalypt forest in Tasmania, Australia
AN  - 20173148; 10067333
AB  - The impacts on bird assemblages of silvicultural alternatives to clearfelling in lowland wet eucalypt forest were studied over a decade at Warra, Tasmania. Using a multiple-visit point-count procedure and a before-after-control-impact design, indices of relative incidence were derived for the 44 bird species recorded at 177 survey-points, and used in both univariate and multivariate analyses. The majority of species had strong associations with either mature forest or young regeneration post-harvest, with very few more generalist species present. Bird assemblages in the unharvested mature forest were not static over this period, but this could not readily be explained by the expansion of forest harvesting in the surrounding landscape. However, the shift was subtle compared to the responses to harvesting, which induced a fundamental change in assemblage composition irrespective of the silvicultural system applied. The ability of the different systems to retain elements of the original mature forest avifauna varied markedly. Dispersed retention silviculture was no better than clearfelling, with or without unharvested understorey islands in the latter system. By contrast, both the unharvested parts of coupes subjected to stripfelling, and the retained aggregates in coupes subjected to aggregated retention silviculture, maintained mature forest bird assemblages. The long-term value of stripfelling for mature forest avifauna is compromised because the unharvested strips will be harvested mid-rotation. Aggregated retention silviculture, however, is designed for long-term retention of mature forest in aggregates, and our results suggest that this system may offer a means of sustaining mature forest bird assemblages at the coupe-level. However, individual mature forest species varied in their degree of tolerance, and we suggest that no system is completely resilient to harvesting effects.
JF  - Forest Ecology and Management
AU  - Lefort, P
AU  - Grove, S
AD  - Forestry Tasmania, GPO Box 207, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia, Simon.Grove@forestrytas.com.au
Y1  - 2009/07/30/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 30
SP  - 460
EP  - 471
PB  - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/]
VL  - 258
IS  - 4
SN  - 0378-1127, 0378-1127
KW  - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts
KW  - silviculture
KW  - Forest management
KW  - regeneration
KW  - Landscape
KW  - Forests
KW  - Aves
KW  - Silviculture
KW  - Islands
KW  - Multivariate analysis
KW  - harvesting
KW  - understory
KW  - avifauna
KW  - Avifauna
KW  - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development
KW  - D 04060:Management and Conservation
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20173148?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forest+Ecology+and+Management&rft.atitle=Early+responses+of+birds+to+clearfelling+and+its+alternatives+in+lowland+wet+eucalypt+forest+in+Tasmania%2C+Australia&rft.au=Lefort%2C+P%3BGrove%2C+S&rft.aulast=Lefort&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2009-07-30&rft.volume=258&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=460&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Forest+Ecology+and+Management&rft.issn=03781127&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.foreco.2009.04.022
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-07-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Forest management; Silviculture; Islands; Multivariate analysis; Landscape; Forests; Avifauna; Aves; silviculture; regeneration; harvesting; understory; avifauna
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2009.04.022
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - An examination of stocking and early growth in the Warra silvicultural systems trial confirms the importance of a burnt seedbed for vigorous regeneration in Eucalyptus obliqua forest
AN  - 20067442; 10067316
AB  - Clearfelling of wet eucalypt forest followed by high intensity burning and aerial sowing, a silvicultural system designed to mimic the natural dynamic of sporadic regeneration following cataclysmic disturbance, has attracted criticism for not maintaining the structural diversity that is associated with natural disturbance. A silvicultural systems trial was established at the Warra Long-Term Ecological Research site in southern Tasmania to explore alternatives to clearfelling in tall wet eucalypt forest. Stocking, density and growth of the seedling regeneration were monitored for up to 3 years after harvesting and regeneration treatments were applied from 1998 to 2007. The treatments were clearfell with understorey islands, a patchfell, stripfell, dispersed retention, aggregated retention, and single-tree/small-group selection. High intensity burning, low intensity burning and no burning were variously applied as part of these treatments. The nature of the seedbed in each coupe was related to the harvesting and regeneration treatment. Where high intensity burns were applied there was a higher proportion of burnt seedbed available than in coupes where low intensity burns were applied. The highest seedling densities and fastest early seedling growth rates occurred on the hottest burnt seedbeds. The lowest seedling densities occurred on unburnt and undisturbed seedbeds and the slowest early growth rates occurred on unburnt and compacted seedbeds. Treatments that created the most burnt seedbed had the highest seedling densities and the fastest seedling growth. Aggregated retention is considered the most promising alternative to clearfelling. Because high intensity burns as applied to clearfell burn and sow coupes cannot be conducted in aggregated retention coupes as they would probably burn the aggregates, the lower proportion of burnt seedbed will, on average, result in lower seedling density and growth, and may compromise longer term productivity compared to clearfelled and high intensity-burnt coupes. If aggregated retention is to be successfully applied, as measured by the density and height growth of the regeneration, finding ways of successfully and consistently burning such coupes post-harvesting will be essential.
JF  - Forest Ecology and Management
AU  - Neyland, M
AU  - Hickey, J
AU  - Beadle, C
AU  - Bauhus, J
AU  - Davidson, N
AU  - Edwards, L
AD  - GPO Box 207, Hobart, Tasmania 7008, Australia, mark.neyland@forestrytas.com.au
Y1  - 2009/07/30/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 30
SP  - 481
EP  - 494
PB  - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/]
VL  - 258
IS  - 4
SN  - 0378-1127, 0378-1127
KW  - Ecology Abstracts
KW  - Burns
KW  - Growth rate
KW  - Silviculture
KW  - Stocking
KW  - Forests
KW  - Seedlings
KW  - Burning
KW  - Harvesting
KW  - Eucalyptus
KW  - D 04060:Management and Conservation
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forest+Ecology+and+Management&rft.atitle=An+examination+of+stocking+and+early+growth+in+the+Warra+silvicultural+systems+trial+confirms+the+importance+of+a+burnt+seedbed+for+vigorous+regeneration+in+Eucalyptus+obliqua+forest&rft.au=Neyland%2C+M%3BHickey%2C+J%3BBeadle%2C+C%3BBauhus%2C+J%3BDavidson%2C+N%3BEdwards%2C+L&rft.aulast=Neyland&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2009-07-30&rft.volume=258&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=481&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Forest+Ecology+and+Management&rft.issn=03781127&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.foreco.2008.10.039
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-07-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth rate; Burns; Silviculture; Stocking; Forests; Seedlings; Burning; Harvesting; Eucalyptus
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2008.10.039
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Gun Trafficking and the Southwest Border
AN  - 58847166; 2008-407096
AB  - The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF) is the lead federal agency responsible for stopping the illegal flow of firearms, or gun trafficking, from the US to Mexico. This report includes legal analyses of three ATF-investigated, Southwest border gun trafficking cases to illustrate the federal statutes typically violated; examines anti-gun trafficking proposals; and offers policy questions regarding the magnitude of Southwest border gun trafficking, the use and significance of ATF crime gun trace data, the possible ratification of an Inter-American Gun Trafficking Convention, and the adequacy of the federal statutes designed to deter and reduce illegal gun trafficking. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 29 2009, 27 pp.
AU  - Chu, Vivian S
AU  - Krouse, William J
Y1  - 2009/07/29/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 29
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military equipment and weapons
KW  - Administration of justice - Crime and criminals
KW  - Government - Nation state
KW  - Manufacturing and heavy industry - Chemical industries
KW  - United States
KW  - Mexico
KW  - Western states
KW  - Firearms
KW  - Border areas
KW  - Explosives
KW  - Smuggling
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58847166?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Chu%2C+Vivian+S%3BKrouse%2C+William+J&rft.aulast=Chu&rft.aufirst=Vivian&rft.date=2009-07-29&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Gun+Trafficking+and+the+Southwest+Border&rft.title=Gun+Trafficking+and+the+Southwest+Border&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40733_20090729.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40733
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Health Care Reform: An Introduction
AN  - 58834690; 2008-396846
AB  - Health care reform is a major issue in the 111th Congress, driven by growing concern about millions of people without insurance coverage, continual increases in cost and spending, and quality shortcomings. Commonly cited figures indicate that more than 45 million people have no insurance, which can limit their access to care and ability to pay for the care they receive; costs are rising for nearly everyone; and the country now likely spends over 2.5 trillion dollars, more than 17% of gross domestic product (GDP), on health care services and products, far more than other industrialized countries. Tables, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 29 2009, 18 pp.
AU  - Lyke, Bob
Y1  - 2009/07/29/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 29
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Health and health policy
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Medicine and health care
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Public finance
KW  - Business and service sector - Insurance
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Uninsured persons
KW  - Health insurance
KW  - Cost effectiveness
KW  - Health policy
KW  - Medical service
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40517_20090729.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-11-02
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40517
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Air Force C-17 Aircraft Procurement: Background and Issues for Congress
AN  - 58825508; 2008-407097
AB  - Procurement of C-17 airlift aircraft began in FY1988, and a total of 213 have been procured through FY2009, including 8 that were procured in the recently enacted FY2009 supplemental appropriations act (H.R. 2346/P.L. 111-32 of June 24, 2009). The Administration's proposed FY2010 defense budget proposes to end C-17 procurement and does not request any funding for the procurement of additional C-17s: The Administration argues that enough C-17s have now been procured to meet future operational needs while supporters of procuring additional C-17s in FY2010 believe additional C-17s will be needed. Tables, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 28 2009, 24 pp.
AU  - O'Rourke, Ronald
Y1  - 2009/07/28/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 28
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military equipment and weapons
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Purchasing, Military and naval
KW  - Appropriations and expenditures
KW  - Airplanes, Military
KW  - United States Air force
KW  - book
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=O%27Rourke%2C+Ronald&rft.aulast=O%27Rourke&rft.aufirst=Ronald&rft.date=2009-07-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Air+Force+C-17+Aircraft+Procurement%3A+Background+and+Issues+for+Congress&rft.title=Air+Force+C-17+Aircraft+Procurement%3A+Background+and+Issues+for+Congress&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RS22763_20090728.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RS22763
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Private Health Insurance Provisions of H.R. 3200
AN  - 58834109; 2008-396847
AB  - This report summarizes key provisions affecting private health insurance in H.R. 3200, America's Affordable Health Choices Act of 2009, as reported by House Committees on Education and Labor and on Ways and Means. Specifically, this report focuses on Division A (or I) of H.R. 3200 from those committees which focuses on reducing the number of uninsured, restructuring the private health insurance market, setting minimum standards for health benefits, and providing financial assistance to certain individuals and, in some cases, small employers. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 27 2009, 16 pp.
AU  - Chaikind, Hinda
AU  - Fernandez, Bernadette
AU  - Peterson, Chris L
AU  - Morgan, Paulette C
Y1  - 2009/07/27/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 27
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - Business and service sector - Insurance
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Health and health policy
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Health insurance
KW  - Standards
KW  - Legislation
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40724_20090727.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-11-02
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40724
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Greenhouse Gas Legislation: Summary and Analysis of H.R. 2454 as Passed by the House of Representatives
AN  - 58826184; 2008-407155
AB  - H.R. 2454, the American Clean Energy and Security Act of 2009, was introduced May 15, 2009, by Representatives Waxman and Markey, and was subsequently modified (both technical and substantive changes) and ordered reported by the House Committee on Energy and Commerce on May 21, 2009. The bill was reported (amended) June 5 (H.Rept. 111-137, Part I) and passed in the House on June 26, 2009, by a recorded vote of 219-212. This report describes the provisions of H.R. 2454. Tables, Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 27 2009, 153 pp.
AU  - Holt, Mark
AU  - Whitney, Gene
Y1  - 2009/07/27/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 27
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Environment and environmental policy - Ecology and environmental policy
KW  - Environment and environmental policy - Pollution and environmental degradation
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Environmental policy
KW  - Legislation
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40643_20090727.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40643
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Jordan: Background and U.S. Relations
AN  - 58838651; 2008-407098
AB  - This report provides an overview of Jordanian politics and current issues in US-Jordanian relations. It provides a brief discussion of Jordan's government and economy and of its cooperation in promoting Arab-Israeli peace and other US policy objectives in the Middle East. Tables, Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 24 2009, 25 pp.
AU  - Sharp, Jeremy M
Y1  - 2009/07/24/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 24
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - International relations - International relations
KW  - International relations - International peace and security
KW  - United States
KW  - Jordan
KW  - Government and politics
KW  - Peace
KW  - Regional security
KW  - Foreign relations
KW  - Middle East
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL33546_20090724.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL33546
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The Federal Protective Service and Contract Security Guards: A Statutory History and Current Status
AN  - 58818201; 2008-407099
AB  - The Federal Protective Service (FPS) -- within US Immigration Customs Enforcement (ICE) in the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) -- is responsible for protecting federal government property, personnel, visitors, and customers, including property leased by the General Services Administration (GSA). The 110th Congress enacted P.L. 110-356 (the Federal Protective Service Guard Contracting Reform Act of 2008) which addressed awarding federal contracts to privately owned contract security guard businesses; and the Administration's FY2010 budget request proposes transferring FPS from ICE to the National Protection and Programs Directorate (NPPD) within DHS, which the House- and Senate-passed versions of H.R. 2892 support. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 24 2009, 5 pp.
AU  - Reese, Shawn
Y1  - 2009/07/24/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 24
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Law and ethics - Citizenship, immigration, and immigration law and policy
KW  - Administration of justice - Police and law enforcement
KW  - Business and service sector - Entrepreneurs, executives, business personnel, and occupations
KW  - Government - Internal security
KW  - Government - Nation state
KW  - Immigration policy
KW  - United States Homeland security department
KW  - Security guards
KW  - Law enforcement
KW  - Border areas
KW  - Internal security
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58818201?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Reese%2C+Shawn&rft.aulast=Reese&rft.aufirst=Shawn&rft.date=2009-07-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+Federal+Protective+Service+and+Contract+Security+Guards%3A+A+Statutory+History+and+Current+Status&rft.title=The+Federal+Protective+Service+and+Contract+Security+Guards%3A+A+Statutory+History+and+Current+Status&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RS22706_20090724.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RS22706
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Post Office and Retail Postal Facility Closures: Overview and Issues for Congress
AN  - 58834525; 2008-396833
AB  - The US Postal Service (USPS) announced in May 2009 that it was considering the closure of 3,105 or more of its 4,851 post office branches and stations. This report provides (1) information on this recent announcement; (2) historical data on the number of post offices and other retail postal facilities; (3) an explanation of the legal authorities relevant to retail postal facility closures; (4) a review of the retail postal facility closure processes and H.R. 658's proposed alterations to the processes; and (5) a concluding discussion that suggests observations and possible issues for Congress. Tables, Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 23 2009, 16 pp.
AU  - Kosar, Kevin R
Y1  - 2009/07/23/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 23
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Transportation and transportation policy - Mail service
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Public finance
KW  - Government - Public administration
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Public services
KW  - Postal service
KW  - Budget, Government
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58834525?accountid=14244
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40719_20090723.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-11-02
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40719
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Navy DDG-51 and DDG-1000 Destroyer Programs: Background and Issues for Congress
AN  - 58825037; 2008-407100
AB  - The Administration's FY2010 defense budget proposes to end the procurement of DDG-1000 (Zumwalt) class destroyers with the third ship, which was authorized and partially funded in FY2009, and to restart procurement DDG-51 (Arleigh Burke) class Aegis destroyers, which were last procured in FY2005. The Administration's budget is consistent with a proposal for stopping DDG-1000 procurement and restarting DDG-51 procurement that the Navy announced in July 2008; however, the Navy's plans for destroyer procurement in FY2012 and beyond are somewhat unclear. Tables, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 23 2009, 34 pp.
AU  - O'Rourke, Ronald
Y1  - 2009/07/23/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 23
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Transportation and transportation policy - Maritime and inland water transport
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Ships
KW  - Purchasing, Military and naval
KW  - United States Navy
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58825037?accountid=14244
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL32109_20090723.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL32109
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Issues Regarding a National Land Parcel Database
AN  - 58846273; 2008-396834
AB  - The federal government's efforts to coordinate its geospatial activities, through the Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) and the development of the National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI), include a strong emphasis on land parcel data. As explored in this report, land parcel databases (or cadastres) describe the rights, interests, and value of property; and ownership of land parcels is an important part of the legal, financial, and real estate system of a society. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 22 2009, 12 pp.
AU  - Folger, Peter
Y1  - 2009/07/22/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 22
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Environment and environmental policy - Ecology and environmental policy
KW  - Science and technology policy - Computer science and information technology
KW  - Government - Forms of government
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - Infrastructure
KW  - United States
KW  - Federal government
KW  - Data base systems
KW  - Land
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40717_20090722.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-11-02
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40717
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Navy F/A-18E/F and EA-18G Aircraft Procurement and Strike Fighter Shortfall: Background and Issues for Congress
AN  - 58841924; 2008-396835
AB  - The Navy has been procuring F/A-18E/F Super Hornet strike fighters since FY1997, and the Navy in FY2006 also began procuring the EA-18G Growler, an electronic attack (ie, electronic warfare) version of the Super Hornet. Super Hornets and Growlers were procured in FY2005-FY2009 under a multiyear procurement (MYP) arrangement; and this report explores the Navy's proposed FY2010 budget requests about 1.0 billion dollars for the procurement of nine F/A-18E/Fs and about 1.6 billion dollars for the procurement of 22 EA-18Gs, among other options. Tables, Figures, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 22 2009, 31 pp.
AU  - O'Rourke, Ronald
Y1  - 2009/07/22/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 22
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military equipment and weapons
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Public finance
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Purchasing, Military and naval
KW  - United States Navy
KW  - Airplanes, Military
KW  - Budget, Government
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL30624_20090722.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-11-02
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R30624
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The Defense Base Act (DBA): The Federally Mandated Workers' Compensation System for Overseas Government Contractors
AN  - 58837897; 2008-407104
AB  - The Defense Base Act (DBA), which mandates that federal contractors provide workers' compensation insurance for their employees, has become costly with increased operations in Iraq and Afghanistan. As the federal government usually reimburses its contractors for their DBA premiums, this report provides an overview of the DBA and the systems used to provide DBA insurance, criticisms of the current Department of Defense DBA policy raised by the Government Accountability Office and Army auditors, responses to those criticisms, and a discussion of several DBA reform options suggested by the House of Representatives in recent legislation. Tables, Figures, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 22 2009, 26 pp.
AU  - Grasso, Valerie Bailey
AU  - Webel, Baird
AU  - Szymendera, Scott
Y1  - 2009/07/22/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 22
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military bases and facilities
KW  - Manufacturing and heavy industry - Building and construction
KW  - Labor conditions and policy - Labor conditions, wages, salaries, and benefits
KW  - Business and service sector - Insurance
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Workers' compensation
KW  - United States
KW  - Contractors
KW  - Employees' benefit plans
KW  - Insurance
KW  - Legislation
KW  - Military bases
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL34670_20090722.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL34670
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Inherently Governmental Functions and Department of Defense Operations: Background, Issues, and Options for Congress
AN  - 58827623; 2008-407103
AB  - An "inherently governmental function" is one that must be performed by federal government employees and cannot be contracted out because it is "intimately related to the public interest," -- yet multiple and/or inconsistent definitions have guided federal agencies' decisions. Congress may choose to (1) rely upon recent statutory changes and/or the policies of the Obama Administration, which proposes limiting contracting out; (2) change the existing definition; (3) place limits on contracting out; (4) address contributing structural factors; (5) provide for more effective oversight of executive branch contracting decisions; and/or (6) focus more on what the government should perform than on contracting law. Tables, Figures, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 22 2009, 57 pp.
AU  - Luckey, John R
AU  - Grasso, Valerie Bailey
AU  - Manuel, Kate M
Y1  - 2009/07/22/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 22
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Military and defense policy - National defense
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military planning, strategy, and operations
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military policy
KW  - Government - Internal security
KW  - Politics - Politics and policy-making
KW  - Law and ethics - Criminal law
KW  - Obama, Barack
KW  - Public interest
KW  - Defense contracts
KW  - Military operations
KW  - Surveillance
KW  - Internal security
KW  - United States Defense department
KW  - National defense
KW  - book
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Luckey%2C+John+R%3BGrasso%2C+Valerie+Bailey%3BManuel%2C+Kate+M&rft.aulast=Luckey&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2009-07-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Inherently+Governmental+Functions+and+Department+of+Defense+Operations%3A+Background%2C+Issues%2C+and+Options+for+Congress&rft.title=Inherently+Governmental+Functions+and+Department+of+Defense+Operations%3A+Background%2C+Issues%2C+and+Options+for+Congress&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40641_20090722.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40641
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Navy Aegis Cruiser and Destroyer Modernization: Background and Issues for Congress
AN  - 58821865; 2008-407102
AB  - The Navy has begun a program modernize its 84 existing Aegis cruisers and destroyers over a period of more than 20 years to ensure that the ships can be operated cost-effectively throughout their entire 35-year intended service lives. The program's estimated total cost is about 16.6 billion dollars in constant FY2010 dollars, and the Navy's proposed FY2010 budget requests 674.8 million dollars in funding Aegis ship modernization. The program poses several potential oversight issues for Congress, including which shipyards should perform the work and how the modernization program fits into the Navy's larger plans. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 22 2009, 8 pp.
AU  - O'Rourke, Ronald
Y1  - 2009/07/22/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 22
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Transportation and transportation policy - Maritime and inland water transport
KW  - Government - Public administration
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic theory
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Public finance
KW  - Law and ethics - Criminal law
KW  - Government - Internal security
KW  - Cost
KW  - Ships
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Efficiency, Administrative
KW  - Purchasing, Military and naval
KW  - United States Navy
KW  - Budget, Government
KW  - Surveillance
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58821865?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=O%27Rourke%2C+Ronald&rft.aulast=O%27Rourke&rft.aufirst=Ronald&rft.date=2009-07-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Navy+Aegis+Cruiser+and+Destroyer+Modernization%3A+Background+and+Issues+for+Congress&rft.title=Navy+Aegis+Cruiser+and+Destroyer+Modernization%3A+Background+and+Issues+for+Congress&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RS22595_20090722.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RS22595
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Natural history of the slaty grey snake (Stegonotus cucullatus) (Serpentes : Colubridae) from tropical north Queensland, Australia
AN  - 860374342; 13811296
AB  - Slaty grey snakes (Stegonotus cucullatus) are medium to large members of the Colubridae that are common throughout the eastern and northern tropics of Australia. Although intensive field studies have been conducted on populations in the Northern Territory for over 10 years, no ecological data have been presented on free-ranging specimens of populations inhabiting tropical north Queensland. During a 10-year period we collected opportunistic data on 120 free-ranging specimens from the seasonally Wet Tropics in north Queensland. These snakes provided data on body sizes, activity times, food habits and reproduction. Male S. cucullatus were larger than females and had larger heads. More snakes were found during the warmer, humid parts of the year (wet season). S. cucullatus ate a wide range of vertebrate prey, including reptile eggs that were obtained seasonally. Females produced one clutch per year, and no relationship was found between maternal snout-vent length and clutch size.
JF  - Australian Journal of Zoology
AU  - Trembath, Dane F
AU  - Fearn, Simon
AU  - Undheim, Eivind Andreas Baste
AD  - Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory, GPO Box 4646, Darwin, NT 0801, Australia, dane.trembath@nt.gov.au
Y1  - 2009/07/21/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 21
SP  - 119
EP  - 124
PB  - CSIRO Publishing, PO Box 1139 Collingwood Vic. 3066 Australia
VL  - 57
IS  - 2
SN  - 0004-959X, 0004-959X
KW  - Animal Behavior Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts
KW  - clutch size
KW  - Heads
KW  - Data processing
KW  - Colubridae
KW  - Serpentes
KW  - Body size
KW  - Reproduction
KW  - Territory
KW  - Food preferences
KW  - Prey
KW  - Eggs
KW  - Y 25020:Territory, Reproduction and Sociality
KW  - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+Journal+of+Zoology&rft.atitle=Natural+history+of+the+slaty+grey+snake+%28Stegonotus+cucullatus%29+%28Serpentes+%3A+Colubridae%29+from+tropical+north+Queensland%2C+Australia&rft.au=Trembath%2C+Dane+F%3BFearn%2C+Simon%3BUndheim%2C+Eivind+Andreas+Baste&rft.aulast=Trembath&rft.aufirst=Dane&rft.date=2009-07-21&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=119&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australian+Journal+of+Zoology&rft.issn=0004959X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1071%2FZO08091
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2011-04-01
N1  - Number of references - 21
N1  - Last updated - 2013-12-16
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Heads; clutch size; Data processing; Body size; Territory; Reproduction; Food preferences; Eggs; Prey; Serpentes; Colubridae
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ZO08091
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Peru: Current Conditions and U.S. Relations
AN  - 58837493; 2008-396836
AB  - Peru shows promising signs of economic and political stability and the inclination to work with the US on mutual concerns. President Alan Garcia is, however, facing challenging times during this, the third year of his five-year term, with widespread social unrest increasing as growing inflation combines with unmet expectations that social conditions for Peru's poorest citizens would improve with Peru's economic growth. Tables, Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 21 2009, 14 pp.
AU  - Taft-Morales, Maureen
Y1  - 2009/07/21/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 21
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - International relations - International relations
KW  - Government - Internal security
KW  - Government - Public officials
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Social conditions and problems
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic conditions
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - United States
KW  - Garcia Perez, Alan
KW  - Social conditions
KW  - Presidents
KW  - Economic development
KW  - Inflation
KW  - Peru
KW  - Government and politics
KW  - Foreign relations
KW  - Internal security
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58837493?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Taft-Morales%2C+Maureen&rft.aulast=Taft-Morales&rft.aufirst=Maureen&rft.date=2009-07-21&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Peru%3A+Current+Conditions+and+U.S.+Relations&rft.title=Peru%3A+Current+Conditions+and+U.S.+Relations&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40716_20090721.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-11-02
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40716
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Nuclear Cooperation with Other Countries: A Primer
AN  - 58828459; 2008-407145
AB  - In order for the US to engage in civilian nuclear cooperation with other states, it must conclude a framework agreement that meets specific requirements under section 123 of the Atomic Energy Act (AEA). The AEA also provides for exemptions to these requirements, export control licensing procedures, criteria for terminating cooperation, Congressional review for section 123 agreements, and special parliamentary procedures by which Congress may act on a proposed agreement. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 21 2009, 6 pp.
AU  - Kerr, Paul K
AU  - Nikitin, Mary Beth
Y1  - 2009/07/21/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 21
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military equipment and weapons
KW  - International relations - International peace and security
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - International relations - International relations
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Atomic weapons
KW  - International cooperation
KW  - Nuclear nonproliferation
KW  - Legislation
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58828459?accountid=14244
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RS22937_20090721.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RS22937
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Chile: Political and Economic Conditions and U.S. Relations
AN  - 58823323; 2008-407144
AB  - Following a violent coup against democratically elected Marxist President Salvador Allende in 1973, Chile experienced 17 years of military rule under General Augusto Pinochet before reestablishing its elected civilian democracy in 1990 -- A center-left coalition of parties known as the Concertacion has governed Chile for the nearly two decades since the end of the dictatorship. Chile has enjoyed close relations with the US since its transition back to democracy; and this report provides a brief historical background of Chile, examines recent political and economic developments, and addresses issues in US-Chilean relations. Tables, Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 21 2009, 13 pp.
AU  - Meyers, Peter J
Y1  - 2009/07/21/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 21
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic conditions
KW  - International relations - International relations
KW  - Government - Forms of government
KW  - Politics - Political ideologies and movements
KW  - United States
KW  - Allende Gossens, Salvador, 1908-73
KW  - Pinochet Ugarte, Augusto
KW  - Dictatorship
KW  - Democracy
KW  - Government and politics
KW  - Chile
KW  - Economic conditions
KW  - Foreign relations
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40126_20090721.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40126
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The Unified Agenda: Implications for Rulemaking Transparency and Participation
AN  - 925720192; 2011-181223
AB  - The Obama Administration has launched an initiative to make the policymaking process more open and transparent and has asked for comments from the public on how to improve the rulemaking process. The Unified Agenda of Federal Regulatory and Deregulatory Actions (Unified Agenda) arguably provides federal agencies with the most systematic, government-wide method to alert the public about their upcoming proposed rules; however, in a CRS study, there were no "proposed rule" Unified Agenda entries for about one-quarter of the proposed rules before they were published in the Federal Register. Tables, Figures.
JF  - Federation of American Scientists, Jul 20 2009, 18 pp.
AU  - Copeland, Curtis W
Y1  - 2009/07/20/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 20
PB  - Federation of American Scientists
KW  - Government - Public officials
KW  - Human rights - Civil and political rights
KW  - Politics - Politics and policy-making
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - Obama, Barack
KW  - Deregulation
KW  - Freedom of information
KW  - Presidents
KW  - Public interest
KW  - Government and politics
KW  - book
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L2  - http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/secrecy/R40713.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2012-03-01
N1  - Publication note - Federation of American Scientists, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40713
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Waste, Fraud, and Abuse in Agency Travel Card Programs
AN  - 58833353; 2008-396837
AB  - Since the enactment of the Travel and Transportation Reform Act (TTRA) of 1998 (P.L. 105- 264), which required federal employees to use travel charge cards to pay for the expenses of official government travel, the dollar volume of travel card transactions has increased significantly. This report discusses the structure of agency travel card programs; examines the weaknesses in agency controls contributing to waste, fraud, and abuse; describes relevant legislation, including the Government Charge Card Abuse Prevention Act of 2009 (H.R. 2189 and S. 942); and provides observations on the information available to Congress for oversight of agency travel card programs. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 20 2009, 11 pp.
AU  - Hatch, Garrett
Y1  - 2009/07/20/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 20
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Government - Forms of government
KW  - Government - Government employees
KW  - Business and service sector - Hospitality and tourism business
KW  - Law and ethics - Commercial law
KW  - Administration of justice - Crime and criminals
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic theory
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - Law and ethics - Criminal law
KW  - Government - Internal security
KW  - Cost
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Travel
KW  - Government employees
KW  - Federal government
KW  - Fraud
KW  - Surveillance
KW  - Legislation
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40580_20090720.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-11-02
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40580
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Navy Littoral Combat Ship (LCS) Program: Background, Oversight Issues, and Options for Congress
AN  - 58821908; 2008-407147
AB  - The Navy is procuring a new type of surface combatant called the Littoral Combat Ship (LCS), a small, fast, relatively inexpensive combat ship that is to be equipped with modular "plug-and-fight" mission packages. The Navy wants to procure a total of 55 LCSs; and the issue for Congress is whether to approve, reject, or modify the Navy's plans for the LCS program in light of concerns over cost growth, total program acquisition cost, the procurement cost cap, technical risk, operational evaluation and competition for production, a proposed common combat system, and coordination of sea frames and mission packages. Tables, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 20 2009, 57 pp.
AU  - O'Rourke, Ronald
Y1  - 2009/07/20/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 20
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Transportation and transportation policy - Maritime and inland water transport
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic conditions
KW  - Manufacturing and heavy industry - Industrial management, production, and productivity
KW  - Law and ethics - Criminal law
KW  - Government - Internal security
KW  - Ships
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Purchasing, Military and naval
KW  - United States Navy
KW  - Production
KW  - Appropriations and expenditures
KW  - Competition
KW  - Surveillance
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL33741_20090720.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL33741
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Navy LPD-17 Amphibious Ship Procurement: Background, Issues, and Options for Congress
AN  - 58819044; 2008-407146
AB  - On April 6, 2009, Secretary of Defense Robert Gates announced a decision to defer the procurement of an 11th San Antonio (LPD-17) class amphibious ship (and of another sealift-type ship called the Mobile Landing Platform, or MLP) from FY2010 to FY2011 "in order to assess costs and analyze the amount of these capabilities the nation needs." The FY2010 defense authorization bill (S. 1390) as reported by the Senate Armed Services Committee (S.Rept. 111-35) recommends approving the Navy's request for procurement funding for the 10th LPD-17 and advance procurement funding for an 11th LPD-17 to be procured in FY2011. Tables, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 20 2009, 35 pp.
AU  - O'Rourke, Ronald
Y1  - 2009/07/20/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 20
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Transportation and transportation policy - Maritime and inland water transport
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Public finance
KW  - Military and defense policy - National defense
KW  - Ships
KW  - Gates, Robert Michael
KW  - Purchasing, Military and naval
KW  - United States Navy
KW  - Cost effectiveness
KW  - National defense
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL34476_20090720.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL34476
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Navy Nuclear Aircraft Carrier (CVN) Homeporting at Mayport: Background and Issues for Congress
AN  - 58842845; 2008-396838
AB  - In January 2009, the Navy announced a plan to transfer one of its nuclear-powered aircraft carriers (CVNs) to the Navy home port at Mayport, FL, known formally as Naval Station (NAVSTA) Mayport. Questions under consideration include the operational impact on the Navy if a catastrophic event were to damage Atlantic Coast CVN homeporting facilities, how quickly the Navy could repair the damage and return to normal operations, and whether the costs associated with homeporting a CVN at Mayport were worth the benefits in terms of hedging against the risk of a catastrophic event damaging Atlantic Coast CVN homeporting facilities. Tables, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 17 2009, 39 pp.
AU  - O'Rourke, Ronald
Y1  - 2009/07/17/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 17
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military equipment and weapons
KW  - Government - Internal security
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military planning, strategy, and operations
KW  - Government - Nation state
KW  - Transportation and transportation policy - Maritime and inland water transport
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Public safety and security
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Risk
KW  - Aircraft carriers
KW  - United States Navy
KW  - Military strategy
KW  - Border areas
KW  - Internal security
KW  - Ports
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40248_20090717.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-11-02
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40248
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The United Arab Emirates Nuclear Program and Proposed U.S. Nuclear Cooperation
AN  - 58820101; 2008-396839
AB  - The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has embarked on a program to build civilian nuclear power plants and is seeking cooperation and technical assistance from the US -- with some Members of Congress welcoming the UAE government's stated commitments not to pursue proliferation-sensitive nuclear capabilities and other Members signaling their intention to weigh the proposed bilateral agreement in light of parallel and specific concerns. This report provides background information on the UAE nuclear program, reviews developments to date, analyzes proposed nuclear cooperation with the US, and discusses relevant legislative proposals and options. Tables, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 17 2009, 17 pp.
AU  - Blanchard, Christopher M
AU  - Kerr, Paul K
Y1  - 2009/07/17/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 17
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Energy resources and policy - Nuclear power
KW  - International relations - International relief and humanitarian assistance
KW  - United States
KW  - United Arab Emirates
KW  - Atomic power plants
KW  - Atomic research
KW  - Technical assistance
KW  - book
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Blanchard%2C+Christopher+M%3BKerr%2C+Paul+K&rft.aulast=Blanchard&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2009-07-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+United+Arab+Emirates+Nuclear+Program+and+Proposed+U.S.+Nuclear+Cooperation&rft.title=The+United+Arab+Emirates+Nuclear+Program+and+Proposed+U.S.+Nuclear+Cooperation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40344_20090717.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-11-02
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40344
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Navy Attack Submarine Procurement: Background and Issues for Congress
AN  - 58816177; 2008-407148
AB  - The Navy has been procuring Virginia (SSN-774) class nuclear-powered attack submarines (SSNs) at a rate of one per year for the past several years. The procurement rate is scheduled to increase to two boats per year starting in FY2011. The House and Senate Armed Services Committee, in their markups of the FY2010 defense authorization bill (H.R. 2647/S. 1390), both recommended approving the administration's FY2010 request for procurement and advance procurement funding for the Virginia-class submarine program. Tables, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 17 2009, 24 pp.
AU  - O'Rourke, Ronald
Y1  - 2009/07/17/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 17
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military equipment and weapons
KW  - Military and defense policy - National defense
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Purchasing, Military and naval
KW  - Submarines
KW  - United States Navy
KW  - National defense
KW  - book
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=O%27Rourke%2C+Ronald&rft.aulast=O%27Rourke&rft.aufirst=Ronald&rft.date=2009-07-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Navy+Attack+Submarine+Procurement%3A+Background+and+Issues+for+Congress&rft.title=Navy+Attack+Submarine+Procurement%3A+Background+and+Issues+for+Congress&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL32418_20090717.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL32418
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Navy Ford (CVN-78) Class Aircraft Carrier Program: Background and Issues for Congress
AN  - 58834931; 2008-396840
AB  - CVN-78 and CVN-79 are the first two ships in the Navy's new Gerald R. Ford (CVN-78) class of nuclear-powered aircraft carriers. The Congressional Budget Office (CBO) estimates that CVN-78 will cost at least 900 million dollars more than the Navy estimates, and the Government Accountability Office (GAO) has expressed concern that difficulties in developing the CVN-78's new electromagnetic aircraft catapult could delay its construction and increase the ship's cost. Congress may consider whether to approve DOD's proposal to defer CVN- 79's procurement to FY2013, or instead maintain FY2012 as the ship's year of procurement, among other options. Tables, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 16 2009, 19 pp.
AU  - O'Rourke, Ronald
Y1  - 2009/07/16/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 16
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military equipment and weapons
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic theory
KW  - Transportation and transportation policy - Maritime and inland water transport
KW  - Ships
KW  - Cost
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Aircraft carriers
KW  - United States Navy
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58834931?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=O%27Rourke%2C+Ronald&rft.aulast=O%27Rourke&rft.aufirst=Ronald&rft.date=2009-07-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Navy+Ford+%28CVN-78%29+Class+Aircraft+Carrier+Program%3A+Background+and+Issues+for+Congress&rft.title=Navy+Ford+%28CVN-78%29+Class+Aircraft+Carrier+Program%3A+Background+and+Issues+for+Congress&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RS20643_20090716.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-11-02
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R20643
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Guinea's 2008 Military Coup and Relations with the United States
AN  - 58830882; 2008-396891
AB  - Guinea entered a new period of political uncertainty on December 23, 2008, when a group of junior and mid-level military officers, the National Council for Democracy and Development (CNDD), seized power, hours after the death of longtime president and former military leader Lansana Conte. The junta named as interim national president Captain Moussa Dadis Camara, but some fear that rivalries within the CNDD, Dadis Camara's lack of experience, and other challenges could delay a democratic election. This report analyzes developments since the military's seizure of power, Guinea's relations with the US, and US policy in the wake of the coup. Tables, Figures, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 16 2009, 31 pp.
AU  - Arieff, Alexis
AU  - Cook, Nicolas
Y1  - 2009/07/16/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 16
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Politics - Politics and policy-making
KW  - International relations - International relations
KW  - Politics - Political dissent and internal conflict
KW  - Coups d'etat
KW  - United States
KW  - Civil-military relations
KW  - Guinea
KW  - Government and politics
KW  - Conte, Lansana
KW  - Foreign relations
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58830882?accountid=14244
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40703_20090716.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-11-02
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40703
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Air Force F-22 Fighter Program: Background and Issues for Congress
AN  - 58829473; 2008-407156
AB  - The Air Force F-22 fighter, also known as the Raptor, is the world's most capable air-to-air combat aircraft. While procurement of F-22s began in FY1999, and a total of 187 have been procured through FY2009, including 24 in FY2009, the administration wants to end F-22 procurement at 187 aircraft, and the administration's proposed FY2010 budget does not request funding for the procurement of additional F-22s in FY2010 -- this report recommends 12.7 million dollars in procurement funding for modification of in-service F-22s -- a reduction of 338.0 million dollars from the administration's request. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 16 2009, 43 pp.
AU  - O'Rourke, Ronald
Y1  - 2009/07/16/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 16
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military equipment and weapons
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Purchasing, Military and naval
KW  - Airplanes, Military
KW  - United States Air force
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL31673_20090716.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL31673
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Synergistic Disruption of External Male Sex Organ Development by a Mixture of Four Antiandrogens
AN  - 745935544; 13104310
AB  - By disrupting the action of androgens during gestation, certain chemicals present in food, consumer products, and the environment can induce irreversible demasculinization and malformations of sex organs among male offspring. However, the consequences of simultaneous exposure to such chemicals are not well described, especially when they exert their actions by differing molecular mechanisms. To fill this gap, we investigated the effects of mixtures of a widely used plasticizer, di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP); two fungicides present in food, vinclozolin and prochloraz; and a pharmaceutical, finasteride, on landmarks of male sexual development in the rat, including changes in anogenital distance (AGD), retained nipples, sex organ weights, and malformations of genitalia. These chemicals were chosen because they disrupt androgen action with differing mechanisms of action. Strikingly, the effect of combined exposure to the selected chemicals on malformations of external sex organs was synergistic, and the observed responses were greater than would be predicted from the toxicities of the individual chemicals. In relation to other hallmarks of disrupted male sexual development, including changes in AGD, retained nipples, and sex organ weights, the combined effects were dose additive. When the four chemicals were combined at doses equal to no observed adverse effect levels estimated for nipple retention, significant reductions in AGD were observed in male offspring. Because unhindered androgen action is essential for human male development in fetal life, these findings are highly relevant to human risk assessment. Evaluations that ignore the possibility of combination effects may lead to considerable underestimations of risks associated with exposures to chemicals that disrupt male sexual differentiation.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Christiansen, Sofie
AU  - Scholze, Martin
AU  - Dalgaard, Majken
AU  - Vinggaard, Anne Marie
AU  - Axelstad, Marta
AU  - Kortenkamp, Andreas
AU  - Hass, Ulla
AD  - Department of Toxicology and Risk Assessment, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Soeborg, Denmark
Y1  - 2009/07/15/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 15
SP  - 1839
EP  - 1846
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 2
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - antiandrogens
KW  - azole fungicides
KW  - combination effects
KW  - cumulative effects
KW  - DEHP
KW  - dose addition
KW  - finasteride
KW  - independent action
KW  - male sexual differentiation
KW  - mixtures
KW  - phthalates
KW  - prochloraz
KW  - vinclozolin
KW  - Chemicals
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Molecular modelling
KW  - Consumer products
KW  - Anogenital
KW  - Food
KW  - Plasticizers
KW  - Prochloraz
KW  - Gestation
KW  - Consumers
KW  - offspring
KW  - Sex
KW  - Vinclozolin
KW  - males
KW  - Genitalia
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - Sex differentiation
KW  - Organs
KW  - Fetuses
KW  - Phthalic acid
KW  - Nipples
KW  - Fungicides
KW  - Pharmaceuticals
KW  - Progeny
KW  - Side effects
KW  - Androgens
KW  - A 01380:Plant Protection, Fungicides & Seed Treatments
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-07-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Molecular modelling; Vinclozolin; Anogenital; Food; Plasticizers; Genitalia; Toxicity; Sex differentiation; Fetuses; Phthalic acid; Nipples; antiandrogens; Prochloraz; Fungicides; Gestation; Pharmaceuticals; Consumers; Progeny; Side effects; Sex; Androgens; Chemicals; Consumer products; males; Organs; offspring
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0900689
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - FY2009 Spring Supplemental Appropriations for Overseas Contingency Operations
AN  - 58841281; 2008-396841
AB  - On June 11, 2009, the House and Senate Appropriations Committees announced a conference agreement on H.R. 2346, a bill providing supplemental appropriations for the remainder of FY2009. This report discusses the key issues and appropriations including in the bill, as well as provisions that were removed from the bill. Tables, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 15 2009, 87 pp.
AU  - Daggett, Stephen
AU  - Epstein, Susan B
AU  - Tarnoff, Curt
AU  - Margesson, Rhoda
AU  - Nakamura, Kennon H
AU  - Kronstadt, K Alan
AU  - Lister, Sarah A
Y1  - 2009/07/15/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 15
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military planning, strategy, and operations
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Appropriations and expenditures
KW  - Military operations
KW  - Legislation
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40531_20090715.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-11-02
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40531
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Disaster Relief Funding and Emergency Supplemental Appropriations
AN  - 58822625; 2008-396892
AB  - When a state is overwhelmed by an emergency or disaster, the governor may request assistance from the federal government, with federal assistance contingent on whether the President issues an emergency or major disaster declaration. Once the declaration has been issued, the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) provides disaster relief through the use of the Disaster Relief Fund (DRF), which is the source of funding for the Robert T. Stafford Emergency Relief and Disaster Assistance Act response and recovery programs; and this report explores the avenues of funding for the DRF and funding issues that may be addressed. Tables, Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 15 2009, 28 pp.
AU  - Lindsay, Bruce R
AU  - Murray, Justin
Y1  - 2009/07/15/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 15
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - International relations - International relief and humanitarian assistance
KW  - Government - Forms of government
KW  - Business and service sector - Business management
KW  - Disaster relief
KW  - Management
KW  - Federal government
KW  - United States Federal emergency management agency
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40708_20090715.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-11-02
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40708
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Translocating southern rock lobsters (Jasusedwardsii) from deep-water to shallow inshore water enhances nutritional condition through omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid content
AN  - 20673991; 9452043
AB  - Deep-water southern rock lobsters (Jasusedwardsii) were translocated into shallow-water inshore reefs around Tasmania in an attempt to enhance their growth rates and market traits. We assessed changes in nutritional condition in adult, deep-water lobsters before and 12 months after relocation through variations in the lipid and fatty acid profiles in the hepatopancreas and muscle. Fatty acid compositions were similar between shallow and translocated lobsters and both were different from deep-water lobsters, suggesting a dietary difference between the deep and shallow-water lobsters, and a dietary change in deep-water lobsters after translocation. Nutritional condition indices, such as total lipid and triacylglycerol content, did not significantly vary between the lobster populations which may be due to within-population variability driven partly by differences in the moult stage of lobsters. Mean concentrations of fatty acids, lipid content and essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were higher in translocated lobsters than in both deep and shallow-water lobsters. Mean omega-3 long-chain PUFA content, in particular eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3) increased by 30% in the muscle of translocated lobsters, resulting in an enhanced nutritional value and a change in overall body condition. This enhancement of key fatty acids, achieved through translocation, highlights the market potential of translocation for the commercial industry.
JF  - Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology
AU  - Chandrapavan, A
AU  - Guest, MA
AU  - Nichols, P D
AU  - Gardner, C
AD  - University of Tasmania, GPO Box 49, Tasmania 7001, Australia, Arani.Chandrapavan@fish.wa.gov.au
Y1  - 2009/07/15/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 15
SP  - 9
EP  - 15
PB  - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl]
VL  - 375
IS  - 1-2
SN  - 0022-0981, 0022-0981
KW  - American lobster
KW  - Southern rock lobster
KW  - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts
KW  - Growth rate
KW  - Marine
KW  - Jasus edwardsii
KW  - Lipids
KW  - Muscles
KW  - Molting
KW  - Nutrition
KW  - Shallow water
KW  - Triglycerides
KW  - Fatty acids
KW  - Polyunsaturated fatty acids
KW  - Moulting
KW  - Lobster fisheries
KW  - Seafood
KW  - Commercial species
KW  - Homarus americanus
KW  - Translocation
KW  - Hepatopancreas
KW  - O 5040:Processing, Products and Marketing
KW  - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies
KW  - Q1 08425:Nutrition and feeding habits
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-07-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-05-27
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth rate; Shallow water; Moulting; Polyunsaturated fatty acids; Seafood; Lobster fisheries; Commercial species; Nutrition; Triglycerides; Lipids; Muscles; Fatty acids; Molting; Translocation; Hepatopancreas; Jasus edwardsii; Homarus americanus; Marine
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2009.04.021
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The Export Administration Act: Evolution, Provisions, and Debate
AN  - 1641842989; 2011-760646
AB  - This report discusses the Export Administration Act in terms of its evolution in the 20th century; its major features including the types of controls authorized by the act; the Commerce Control List and export licensing procedures; and issues concerning the maintenance of export controls under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA). It then highlights several controlled commodities that have been featured prominently in export control discussions. Finally, it discusses competing business and national security perspectives concerning several of more contentious themes in the export control debate. Tables.
JF  - Federation of American Scientists, Jul 15 2009, 27 pp.
AU  - Fergusson, Ian F
Y1  - 2009/07/15/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 15
PB  - Federation of American Scientists
KW  - Business and service sector - Business and business enterprises
KW  - Trade and trade policy - Export-import trade
KW  - Military and defense policy - National defense
KW  - Business
KW  - Commerce
KW  - National defense
KW  - book
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L2  - http://fas.org/sgp/crs/secrecy/RL31832.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2015-01-01
N1  - Publication note - Federation of American Scientists, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - Congressional Research Service Report no. RL31832
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - "Gang of Four" Congressional Intelligence Notifications
AN  - 58843004; 2008-407157
AB  - "Gang of Four" intelligence notifications generally are oral briefings of certain particularly sensitive non-covert action intelligence activities, including principally, but not exclusively, intelligence collection programs, that the Intelligence Community typically limits to the chairmen and ranking members of the two congressional intelligence committees, and at times, but not always, to their respective staff directors. This report reviews the history of Gang of Four notification process and compares this procedure with that of the "Gang of Eight" notification procedure. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 14 2009, 11 pp.
AU  - Cumming, Alfred
Y1  - 2009/07/14/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 14
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Psychology
KW  - Education and education policy - Educational psychology and learning ability
KW  - Government - Government agencies and bodies
KW  - Government - Legislative power and procedure
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Intelligence
KW  - Legislative committees
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58843004?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Cumming%2C+Alfred&rft.aulast=Cumming&rft.aufirst=Alfred&rft.date=2009-07-14&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=%22Gang+of+Four%22+Congressional+Intelligence+Notifications&rft.title=%22Gang+of+Four%22+Congressional+Intelligence+Notifications&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40698_20090714.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40698
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Afghanistan: U.S. Foreign Assistance
AN  - 58826226; 2008-407158
AB  - The US program of assistance to Afghanistan is intended to stabilize and strengthen the Afghan economic, social, political, and security environment so as to blunt popular support for extremist forces in the region. Since 2001, nearly 38 billion dollars has been appropriated toward this effort with more than half going to security programs, mostly the training and equipping of Afghan forces. This report provides an overview of the US aid program and congressional action. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 14 2009, 18 pp.
AU  - Tarnoff, Curt
Y1  - 2009/07/14/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 14
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - International relations - International relief and humanitarian assistance
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military planning, strategy, and operations
KW  - United States
KW  - Military occupation
KW  - Economic assistance
KW  - Afghanistan
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58826226?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Tarnoff%2C+Curt&rft.aulast=Tarnoff&rft.aufirst=Curt&rft.date=2009-07-14&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Afghanistan%3A+U.S.+Foreign+Assistance&rft.title=Afghanistan%3A+U.S.+Foreign+Assistance&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40699_20090714.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40699
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - International Criminal Court Cases in Africa: Status and Policy Issues
AN  - 58822438; 2008-396842
AB  - The International Criminal Court (ICC) has to-date initiated investigations exclusively in Sub-Saharan Africa and is also analyzing situations in Kenya, Cote d'Ivoire, Chad, Colombia, Afghanistan, and Georgia; and has issued an arrest warrant for Sudanese President Omar Hassan al-Bashir for war crimes and crimes against humanity. This report provides background on ICC investigations in Africa; gives an overview of cases before the Court; examines issues raised by the ICC's actions in Africa, including its possible role in deterring future abuses; and explores the potential impact of international criminal prosecutions on peace processes, ongoing in many countries on the continent. Tables, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 14 2009, 27 pp.
AU  - Arieff, Alexis
AU  - Margesson, Rhoda
AU  - Browne, Marjorie Ann
Y1  - 2009/07/14/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 14
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Administration of justice - International courts
KW  - Administration of justice - Police and law enforcement
KW  - Human rights - Human rights promotion and violations
KW  - Investigation
KW  - Crimes against humanity
KW  - Africa
KW  - War crimes
KW  - International Criminal Court
KW  - book
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DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-11-02
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R34665
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - 401(k) Plans and Retirement Savings: Issues for Congress
AN  - 58819072; 2008-396904
AB  - Defined contribution (DC) plans -- including 401(k) plans -- have become the most prevalent form of employer-sponsored retirement plan in the US, but the decline in the major stock market indices in 2008 greatly reduced the value of many families' retirement savings: annuities could protect retirees from some risks, but few retirees purchase them. This report describes seven major policy issues with respect to defined contribution plans: access to employer-sponsored retirement plans; participation in employer-sponsored plans; contribution rates; investment choices; fee disclosure; leakage from retirement savings; and converting retirement savings into income. Tables, Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 14 2009, 28 pp.
AU  - Purcell, Patrick
AU  - Topoleski, John J
Y1  - 2009/07/14/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 14
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Credit, loans, and personal finance
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Public welfare and social services
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Social policy and social development
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Investments and securities
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Investments
KW  - Annuities
KW  - Saving
KW  - Stock market
KW  - Public welfare
KW  - Retirement income
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40707_20090714.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-10-02
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40707
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - U.S.-Iraq Withdrawal/Status of Forces Agreement: Issues for Congressional Oversight
AN  - 58842170; 2008-396844
AB  - The US and Iraq have signed two documents: (1) the Strategic Framework Agreement for a Relationship of Friendship and Cooperation between the United States and the Republic of Iraq, and (2) the Agreement Between the United States of America and Republic of Iraq On the Withdrawal of United States Forces from Iraq and the Organization of Their Activities during Their Temporary Presence in Iraq. This report discusses the historical legal framework governing US military operations in Iraq, provides background on agreements traditionally considered Status of Forces Agreements (SOFAs), and discusses aspects of the SOFA and issues for continued congressional oversight. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 13 2009, 11 pp.
AU  - Mason, R Chuck
Y1  - 2009/07/13/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 13
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military policy
KW  - Government - Internal security
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military personnel and veterans
KW  - Law and ethics - Criminal law
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military planning, strategy, and operations
KW  - Military demobilization
KW  - United States
KW  - Military operations
KW  - Surveillance
KW  - Internal security
KW  - Iraq
KW  - Armed forces
KW  - book
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LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-11-02
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40011
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - U.S. Accession to the Association of Southeast Asian Nations' Treaty of Amity and Cooperation (TAC)
AN  - 58842134; 2008-396845
AB  - In February 2009, Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton announced that the Obama Administration would launch its formal interagency process to pursue accession to the Association of Southeast Asian Nations' (ASEAN) Treaty of Amity and Cooperation (TAC), one of the ten-nation organization's core documents. This report analyzes the legal and diplomatic issues involved with accession to the TAC -- with the major concern being whether the TAC's emphasis on non-interference in other countries' domestic affairs would constrain US freedom of action, particularly its ability to maintain or expand sanctions on Burma. Tables, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 13 2009, 25 pp.
AU  - Manyin, Mark E
AU  - Garcia, Michael John
AU  - Morrison, Wayne M
Y1  - 2009/07/13/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 13
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - International relations - Regional organizations
KW  - International relations - Treaties
KW  - International relations - International relations
KW  - Obama, Barack
KW  - United States
KW  - Burma
KW  - International cooperation
KW  - Clinton, Hillary (Rodham)
KW  - Association of South East Asian nations
KW  - Treaties
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40583_20090713.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-11-02
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40583
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - VH-71 Presidential Helicopter Program: Background and Issues for Congress
AN  - 58841276; 2008-396843
AB  - The VH-71 program is intended provide 23 new presidential helicopters to replace the current fleet of 19 aging presidential helicopters; however, the Administration is proposing to terminate the VH-71 program in response to substantial cost growth and schedule delays in the program and begin a new presidential helicopter program in FY2010 called the VXX Presidential Helicopter Program. The issue for Congress is whether to approve the Administration's proposal to terminate the VH- 71 program and initiate a successor VXX program, or pursue another course, such as continuing the VH-71 program in some restructured form. Tables, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 13 2009, 27 pp.
AU  - O'Rourke, Ronald
Y1  - 2009/07/13/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 13
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Transportation and transportation policy - Air transport
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Purchasing, Military and naval
KW  - Appropriations and expenditures
KW  - Helicopters
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RS22103_20090713.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-11-02
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RS22103
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Hedge Funds: Should They Be Regulated?
AN  - 58837818; 2008-396905
AB  - A new elite class has risen through financial speculation and through managing a group of private, unregulated investment partnerships, called hedge funds. In view of the growing impact of hedge funds on financial markets, bills before the 111th Congress would require hedge funds to register with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) if their capital exceeded 50 million dollars (S. 344) or 25 million dollars (H.R. 711); and S. 1276 would require registration of hedge funds, private equity firms, and venture capital funds, and would authorize the SEC to collect systemic risk data from them. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 13 2009, 7 pp.
AU  - Jickling, Mark
Y1  - 2009/07/13/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 13
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Business and service sector - Business and business enterprises
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - Business and service sector - Business finance
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Investments and securities
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Public safety and security
KW  - Business and service sector - Business management
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Property and wealth
KW  - Law and ethics - Ethics
KW  - Risk management
KW  - Government regulation of business
KW  - Finance
KW  - United States Securities and exchange commission
KW  - Speculation
KW  - Venture capital
KW  - Capital
KW  - Equity
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/94-511_20090713.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-10-02
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, 94-511
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Spectrum Policy in the Age of Broadband: Issues for Congress
AN  - 58825466; 2008-407159
AB  - The convergence of wireless telecommunications technology and Internet protocols is fostering new generations of mobile technologies. This report considers the possibility of modifying spectrum policy: (1) to support national goals for broadband deployment by placing more emphasis on attracting new providers of wireless broadband services and (2) to accommodate the wireless broadband needs of industries that are considered by many to be the economic drivers of the future, not only communications, but also areas such as energy, health care, transportation, and education. Tables, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 13 2009, 29 pp.
AU  - Moore, Linda K
Y1  - 2009/07/13/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 13
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Science and technology policy - Telecommunications and communication systems
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - Science and technology policy - Technology and technology policy
KW  - Science and technology policy - Computer science and information technology
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Infrastructure
KW  - Broadband communication systems
KW  - Wireless communication systems
KW  - Telecommunications
KW  - Internet
KW  - Technology
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40674_20090713.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40674
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Defense Acquisitions: How DOD Acquires Weapon Systems and Recent Efforts to Reform the Process
AN  - 58835064; 2008-396893
AB  - Department of Defense (DOD) efforts to acquire goods and services are often complex and controversial. The complexity of defense acquisitions systems combined with the magnitude of personnel, activities, and funding involved in its operation can result in problems, including inefficient operations, fraud/waste/abuse, and inadequate implementation or enforcement of the laws and regulations that govern it -- Both DOD and Congress have worked to address these types of problems and accompanying issues over the years. Tables, Figures, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 10 2009, 25 pp.
AU  - Schwartz, Moshe
Y1  - 2009/07/10/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 10
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Culture and religion - Intellectual life
KW  - Politics - Politics and policy-making
KW  - Law and ethics - Commercial law
KW  - Administration of justice - Crime and criminals
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - Purchasing, Military and naval
KW  - Fraud
KW  - Appropriations and expenditures
KW  - Regulation
KW  - Decision-making
KW  - United States Defense department
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL34026_20090710.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-11-02
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL34026
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - FEMA's Pre-Disaster Mitigation Program: Overview and Issues
AN  - 58832822; 2008-396895
AB  - Pre-Disaster Mitigation (PDM) began in 1997 when Congress established a pilot program, which FEMA named "Project Impact," to test the concept of investing prior to disasters to reduce the vulnerability of communities to future disasters. The Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000, authorized the PDM program in law as Section 203 of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act; and with the program's growth, Congress may consider the approach for awarding grant funds, the eligibility of certain applicants, the eligibility of certain projects, the degree of commitment by state and local governments, re-authorization, and related questions. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 10 2009, 22 pp.
AU  - McCarthy, Francis X
AU  - Keegan, Natalie
Y1  - 2009/07/10/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 10
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - International relations - International relief and humanitarian assistance
KW  - Government - Local and municipal government
KW  - Disaster relief
KW  - Local government
KW  - Emergency preparedness
KW  - United States Federal emergency management agency
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL34537_20090710.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-11-02
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL34537
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - U.S. Military Stop Loss Program: Key Questions and Answers
AN  - 58829875; 2008-423479
AB  - Stop Loss is a frequently misunderstood DOD force management program that retains service members beyond their contractually agreed-to separation date; and because of the involuntary nature of this extension, some critics have referred to the program as a "backdoor draft" or "involuntary servitude." Secretary of Defense Gates recently announced the phased suspension of the use of the Stop Loss program, and the Army's active component program is to end on January 1, 2010, while the Army Reserve and Army National Guard programs are to end in August and September, 2009, respectively. Tables, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 10 2009, 16 pp.
AU  - Henning, Charles A
Y1  - 2009/07/10/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 10
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military personnel and veterans
KW  - Length of service
KW  - Service men
KW  - United States Army
KW  - United States Defense department
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40121_20090710.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-02-03
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40121
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The Global Financial Crisis: Analysis and Policy Implications
AN  - 58829641; 2008-396894
AB  - The world has entered a global recession that is causing widespread business contraction, increases in unemployment, and shrinking government revenues. The process for coping with the crisis has been manifest in four basic phases: intervention to contain the contagion and restore confidence in the system; coping with the secondary effects of the crisis; making changes in the financial system to reduce risk and prevent future crises; and dealing with political, social, and security effects of the financial turmoil. Congress may reform and recapitalize the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank, and regional development banks, and seek financial regulatory reform. Tables, Figures, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 10 2009, 126 pp.
AU  - Nanto, Dick K
Y1  - 2009/07/10/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 10
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic conditions
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic theory
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - International banking and finance and financial institutions
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Economics, International
KW  - Business conditions
KW  - International monetary fund
KW  - Economic stabilization
KW  - Regional development
KW  - Economic conditions
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL34742_20090710.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-11-02
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL34742
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Afghanistan and Pakistan Reconstruction Opportunity Zones (ROZs), H.R. 1318/H.R. 1886/H.R. 2410 and S. 496: Issues and Arguments
AN  - 58843452; 2008-407214
AB  - On June 9, 2009, the House Rules Committee issued a rule providing for the consideration of H.R. 1886, the Pakistan Enduring Assistance and Cooperation Enhancement Act. The rule inserted, with modifications, H.R. 1318, The Afghanistan-Pakistan Security and Prosperity Enhancement Act, the Reconstruction Opportunity Zones (ROZ) legislation, into the base text of H.R. 1886. Proponents of the legislation see it as a way of promoting economic development in remote and restive areas of Afghanistan and Pakistan; yet there are limited possible locations for ROZs; a limited range of products eligible for tariff-free treatment; labor requirements in H.R. 1318; and security concerns. Tables, Figures, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 9 2009, 27 pp.
AU  - Bolle, Mary Jane
Y1  - 2009/07/09/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 09
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Manufacturing and heavy industry - Building and construction
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - Pakistan
KW  - United States House of representatives
KW  - Economic development
KW  - Reconstruction, Postwar
KW  - Afghanistan
KW  - Legislation
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58843452?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Bolle%2C+Mary+Jane&rft.aulast=Bolle&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=2009-07-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Afghanistan+and+Pakistan+Reconstruction+Opportunity+Zones+%28ROZs%29%2C+H.R.+1318%2FH.R.+1886%2FH.R.+2410+and+S.+496%3A+Issues+and+Arguments&rft.title=Afghanistan+and+Pakistan+Reconstruction+Opportunity+Zones+%28ROZs%29%2C+H.R.+1318%2FH.R.+1886%2FH.R.+2410+and+S.+496%3A+Issues+and+Arguments&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40627_20090709.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40627
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Iran Sanctions
AN  - 58840575; 2008-396897
AB  - Iran is subject to a wide range of US sanctions, restricting trade with, investment, and US foreign aid to Iran, and requiring the US to vote against international lending to Iran. Since 1995, several laws and regulations seek to pressure Iran's economy, curb Iran's support for militant groups, and curtail supplies to Iran of advanced technology; the 1996 Iran Sanctions Act (ISA) seeks to curb international energy investment in Iran; and some US states are divesting from firms that do business with Iran, even if such trade is legal. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 9 2009, 21 pp.
AU  - Katzman, Kenneth
Y1  - 2009/07/09/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 09
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Trade and trade policy - Free trade and protection
KW  - Trade and trade policy - Export-import trade
KW  - International relations - International relief and humanitarian assistance
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Investments and securities
KW  - International relations - War
KW  - Politics - Political dissent and internal conflict
KW  - International relations - International relations
KW  - United States
KW  - Iran
KW  - Sanctions (international law)
KW  - Foreign investments
KW  - Economic assistance
KW  - Conflict
KW  - Foreign relations
KW  - Export-import trade
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58840575?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Katzman%2C+Kenneth&rft.aulast=Katzman&rft.aufirst=Kenneth&rft.date=2009-07-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Iran+Sanctions&rft.title=Iran+Sanctions&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RS20871_20090709.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-11-02
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RS20871
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act (WARN)
AN  - 58835237; 2008-396896
AB  - Congress has passed legislation to facilitate the reemployment of workers who through no fault of their own are let go by their employers -- Among these laws is the Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification (WARN) Act, P.L. 100-379, enacted in 1988. The WARN Act requires employers to provide written notice to displaced workers or their representatives, state dislocated worker units or entities designated by the state to carry out rapid response activities, and the chief elected official of a unit of local government at least 60 days before a plant closing or mass layoff is expected to occur. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 9 2009, 7 pp.
AU  - Levine, Linda
Y1  - 2009/07/09/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 09
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - Labor conditions and policy - Employment and labor supply
KW  - Labor conditions and policy - Work and labor
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Labor policy
KW  - Unemployment
KW  - Employees Training
KW  - Legislation
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58835237?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Levine%2C+Linda&rft.aulast=Levine&rft.aufirst=Linda&rft.date=2009-07-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+Worker+Adjustment+and+Retraining+Notification+Act+%28WARN%29&rft.title=The+Worker+Adjustment+and+Retraining+Notification+Act+%28WARN%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL31250_20090709.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-11-02
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL31250
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Tax Havens: International Tax Avoidance and Evasion
AN  - 58832287; 2008-407215
AB  - The federal government loses an estimated 100 billion dollars per year in individual and corporate income tax revenue as profits and income are shifted into low-tax countries, often referred to as tax havens. President Obama proposes disallowing overall deductions and foreign tax credits for deferred income and restrictions on the use of hybrid entities; and provisions to address individual evasion may include increased information reporting and increasing enforcement by shifting the burden of proof to the taxpayer, increased penalties, and increased resources. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 9 2009, 40 pp.
AU  - Gravelle, Jane G
Y1  - 2009/07/09/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 09
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Taxation and tax policy
KW  - Administration of justice - Crime and criminals
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Public finance
KW  - Obama, Barack
KW  - Income tax
KW  - United States
KW  - Tax havens
KW  - Revenue
KW  - Tax evasion
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58832287?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Gravelle%2C+Jane+G&rft.aulast=Gravelle&rft.aufirst=Jane&rft.date=2009-07-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Tax+Havens%3A+International+Tax+Avoidance+and+Evasion&rft.title=Tax+Havens%3A+International+Tax+Avoidance+and+Evasion&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40623_20090709.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40623
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - The Rise of the Mexican Drug Cartels and U.S. National Security
AN  - 1679102244; MD01719
AB  - Examines threat posed by Mexican drug cartels and reviews U.S. efforts to combat them.
AU  - United States. Congress. House. Committee on Oversight and Government Reform
AD  - United States. Congress. House. Committee on Oversight and Government Reform
PY  - 2009
SP  - 154
KW  - Border security
KW  - Congressional hearings
KW  - Criminal justice
KW  - Drug traffickers
KW  - Illicit arms trafficking
KW  - Laundering of funds
KW  - Law enforcement cooperation
KW  - Mérida Initiative
KW  - National Southwest Border Counternarcotics Strategy
KW  - Organized crime
KW  - Southwest Border Initiative
KW  - Trafficking in persons
KW  - Owen, Todd
KW  - Towns, Edolphus
KW  - Bilbray, Brian P.
KW  - McBrien, J. Robert
KW  - Kibble, Kumar C.
KW  - Connolly, Gerald E. ("Gerry")
KW  - Bersin, Alan D.
KW  - Tierney, John F.
KW  - Quigley, Michael
KW  - Kerlikowske, R. Gil
KW  - Hoover, William J.
KW  - Placido, Anthony P.
KW  - Norton, Eleanor Holmes
KW  - Issa, Darrell
KW  - Watson, Diane E.
KW  - Breuer, Lanny A.
KW  - Owen, Todd
KW  - Towns, Edolphus
KW  - Bilbray, Brian P.
KW  - McBrien, J. Robert
KW  - Kibble, Kumar C.
KW  - Connolly, Gerald E. ("Gerry")
KW  - Bersin, Alan D.
KW  - Tierney, John F.
KW  - Quigley, Michael
KW  - Kerlikowske, R. Gil
KW  - Hoover, William J.
KW  - Placido, Anthony P.
KW  - Norton, Eleanor Holmes
KW  - Issa, Darrell
KW  - Watson, Diane E.
KW  - Breuer, Lanny A.
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1679102244?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Adnsa_md&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=The+Rise+of+the+Mexican+Drug+Cartels+and+U.S.+National+Security&rft.au=United+States.+Congress.+House.+Committee+on+Oversight+and+Government+Reform&rft.aulast=United+States.+Congress.+House.+Committee+on+Oversight+and+Government+Reform&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2009-07-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://www.gpo.gov/.
LA  - English
DB  - Digital National Security Archive
N1  - Name - United States. Department of Homeland Security; United States. Department of Homeland Security. Customs and Border Protection; United States. Department of Justice. Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives; United States. Department of Justice. Criminal Division; United States. Department of Justice. Criminal Division. Organized Crime Drug Enforcement Task Forces; United States. Department of Justice. Drug Enforcement Administration; United States. Department of the Treasury. Office of Foreign Assets Control; United States. Office of National Drug Control Policy
N1  - Analyte descriptor - NSA document type: Hearing; Location of original: Available [Online]: Government Printing Office
N1  - People - Bersin, Alan D.; Bilbray, Brian P.; Breuer, Lanny A.; Connolly, Gerald E. ("Gerry"); Hoover, William J.; Issa, Darrell; Kerlikowske, R. Gil; Kibble, Kumar C.; McBrien, J. Robert; Norton, Eleanor Holmes; Owen, Todd; Placido, Anthony P.; Quigley, Michael; Tierney, John F.; Towns, Edolphus; Watson, Diane E.
N1  - Last updated - 2015-06-16
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The U.S. Newspaper Industry in Transition
AN  - 58826073; 2008-407216
AB  - The US newspaper industry is suffering through what could be its worst financial crisis since the Great Depression, with advertising revenues plummeting due to the severe economic downturn and readership turning to the Internet for free news and information. Congress has begun debating whether the financial problems in the newspaper industry pose a public policy issue that warrants federal action. Tables, Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 8 2009, 23 pp.
AU  - Kirchhoff, Suzanne M
Y1  - 2009/07/08/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 08
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Media - Print media and publishing
KW  - Media - Mass media
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Social conditions and problems
KW  - Science and technology policy - Technology and technology policy
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Newspapers
KW  - Social change
KW  - Mass media
KW  - Technology
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58826073?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Kirchhoff%2C+Suzanne+M&rft.aulast=Kirchhoff&rft.aufirst=Suzanne&rft.date=2009-07-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+U.S.+Newspaper+Industry+in+Transition&rft.title=The+U.S.+Newspaper+Industry+in+Transition&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40700_20090708.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40700
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Ghana: Background and U.S. Relations
AN  - 58814691; 2008-396898
AB  - This report provides information on current developments in Ghana and Ghana's close relations with the US. It describes the purpose of President Barack Obama's forthcoming trip to Ghana, which will focus on issues of good governance and socio-economic and political development; characterizes the current state of play in bilateral relations; summarizes the policy agenda of Ghana's president, John Atta Mills, who won office by a narrow margin in elections in late 2008; and assesses Ghana's recent policy-centered developments, economic challenges and performance, and socio-economic prospects. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 8 2009, 17 pp.
AU  - Cook, Nicolas
Y1  - 2009/07/08/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 08
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - International relations - International relations
KW  - Obama, Barack
KW  - United States
KW  - Ghana
KW  - Economic relations
KW  - Foreign relations
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58814691?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Cook%2C+Nicolas&rft.aulast=Cook&rft.aufirst=Nicolas&rft.date=2009-07-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Ghana%3A+Background+and+U.S.+Relations&rft.title=Ghana%3A+Background+and+U.S.+Relations&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RS22809_20090708.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-10-02
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RS22809
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Sensitive Covert Action Notifications: Oversight Options For Congress
AN  - 58833931; 2008-396906
AB  - Legislation enacted in 1980 gave the executive branch authority to limit advance notification of especially sensitive covert actions to eight Members of Congress -- the "Gang of Eight" -- when the President determines that it is essential to limit prior notice in order to meet extraordinary circumstances affecting US vital interests. With Congress considering a possible change, this memorandum describes the statutory provision authorizing Gang of Eight notifications, reviews the legislative history of the provision, and examines both the impact of such notifications on congressional oversight as well as options that Congress might consider to possibly improve oversight. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 7 2009, 12 pp.
AU  - Cumming, Alfred
Y1  - 2009/07/07/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 07
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - Law and ethics - Criminal law
KW  - Government - Internal security
KW  - Government - Intergovernmental relations
KW  - Business and service sector - Business management
KW  - Government - Public officials
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Separation of powers
KW  - Presidents
KW  - Authority
KW  - Intergovernmental relations
KW  - Surveillance
KW  - Legislation
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58833931?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Cumming%2C+Alfred&rft.aulast=Cumming&rft.aufirst=Alfred&rft.date=2009-07-07&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Sensitive+Covert+Action+Notifications%3A+Oversight+Options+For+Congress&rft.title=Sensitive+Covert+Action+Notifications%3A+Oversight+Options+For+Congress&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40691_20090707.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-10-02
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40691
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Section 1206 of the National Defense Authorization Act for FY2006: A Fact Sheet on Department of Defense Authority to Train and Equip Foreign Military Forces
AN  - 58816670; 2008-407217
AB  - Section 1206 of the National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) for FY2006 provides the Secretary of Defense with authority to train and equip foreign military and foreign maritime security forces. Only 49.3 million dollars has been approved and obligated, which will fund two programs in Lebanon. The current spending cap on Section 1206 funding is 350 million dollars, but the Senate Armed Services Committee (SASC) proposes a sharp reduction, to 75 million dollars, for FY2010 and FY2011. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 7 2009, 12 pp.
AU  - Serafino, Nina M
Y1  - 2009/07/07/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 07
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Military and defense policy - National defense
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - International relations - International relations
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Appropriations and expenditures
KW  - Foreign relations
KW  - Legislation
KW  - National defense
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58816670?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Serafino%2C+Nina+M&rft.aulast=Serafino&rft.aufirst=Nina&rft.date=2009-07-07&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Section+1206+of+the+National+Defense+Authorization+Act+for+FY2006%3A+A+Fact+Sheet+on+Department+of+Defense+Authority+to+Train+and+Equip+Foreign+Military+Forces&rft.title=Section+1206+of+the+National+Defense+Authorization+Act+for+FY2006%3A+A+Fact+Sheet+on+Department+of+Defense+Authority+to+Train+and+Equip+Foreign+Military+Forces&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RS22855_20090707.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RS22855
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Iran's 2009 Presidential Elections
AN  - 58849271; 2008-407218
AB  - On June 12, 2009, following a heated campaign between reformist candidate Mir Hussein Musavi and incumbent President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, Iranians turned out in record numbers to vote in the presidential election. Shortly after the polls closed, the Interior Minister announced that President Ahmadinejad had been reelected by a 62% margin; and the announcement was followed by allegations of vote rigging and election fraud and prompted supporters of leading reformist candidate Mir Hussein Musavi and others to hold public demonstrations in several major cities of a size and intensity unprecedented since the Iranian Revolution of 1979. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 6 2009, 12 pp.
AU  - Addis, Casey L
Y1  - 2009/07/06/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 06
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Politics - Elections and voting
KW  - Government - Public officials
KW  - Law and ethics - Commercial law
KW  - Administration of justice - Crime and criminals
KW  - Iran
KW  - Presidents
KW  - Elections
KW  - Fraud
KW  - Mousavi Khameneh, Mir-Hossein
KW  - Ahmadinejad, Mahmoud
KW  - Candidates
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58849271?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Addis%2C+Casey+L&rft.aulast=Addis&rft.aufirst=Casey&rft.date=2009-07-06&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Iran%27s+2009+Presidential+Elections&rft.title=Iran%27s+2009+Presidential+Elections&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40653_20090706.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40653
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Economic Stimulus: Issues and Policies
AN  - 58843610; 2008-407219
AB  - Over the past few months, the government has intervened in specific financial markets, including financial assistance to troubled firms and legislation granting authority to the Treasury Department to purchase 700 billion dollars in assets. With the worsening performance of the economy beginning in September 2008, Congress passed and President Obama signed a much larger stimulus package, The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA, P.L. 111-5), composed of spending and tax cuts. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 6 2009, 20 pp.
AU  - Gravelle, Jane G
AU  - Hungerford, Thomas L
AU  - Labonte, Marc
Y1  - 2009/07/06/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 06
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - Politics - Politics and policy-making
KW  - International relations - International relief and humanitarian assistance
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - Business and service sector - Business management
KW  - Obama, Barack
KW  - Intervention (government)
KW  - Authority
KW  - Economic assistance
KW  - Economic stabilization
KW  - United States Treasury department
KW  - Legislation
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40104_20090706.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40104
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The Federal Role in Rail Transit Safety
AN  - 58841187; 2008-396907
AB  - On June 22, 2009, two transit trains in Washington, DC, collided, resulting in nine deaths and dozens of injuries -- the worst crash in the history of the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority's rail transit system. Although nationwide, rail transit is considered one of the safest modes of transportation, this crash has raised questions about the safety of rail transit and the government's role in ensuring that safety. Tables, Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 6 2009, 13 pp.
AU  - Peterman, David Randall
AU  - Mallett, William J
Y1  - 2009/07/06/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 06
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Transportation and transportation policy - Railroads and rail transport
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Public safety and security
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Urban conditions
KW  - Transportation and transportation policy - Transportation
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Transportation policy
KW  - Railroads
KW  - Safety measures
KW  - Metropolitan areas
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40688_20090706.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-10-02
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40688
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Project BioShield: Purposes and Authorities
AN  - 58834960; 2008-396899
AB  - Many potential chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) terrorism agents lack available countermeasures; and in 2003, President Bush proposed Project BioShield with three main provisions: (1) relaxing procedures for some CBRN terrorism-related spending, including hiring and awarding research grants; (2) guaranteeing a federal government market for new CBRN medical countermeasures; and (3) permitting emergency use of unapproved countermeasures. The 111th Congress may assess whether Project BioShield is successfully encouraging medical countermeasure development; whether to allow additional diversions of Project BioShield appropriations; and whether to broaden a CBRN countermeasure mandate in the face of other threats such as pandemic influenza. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 6 2009, 10 pp.
AU  - Gottron, Frank
Y1  - 2009/07/06/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 06
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - International relations - International peace and security
KW  - Military and defense policy - National defense
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military equipment and weapons
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Diseases and disorders
KW  - Administration of justice - Crime and criminals
KW  - Chemical weapons
KW  - United States
KW  - Threats
KW  - Influenza
KW  - Biological weapons
KW  - Counterterrorism
KW  - Bush, George W.
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RS21507_20090706.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-10-02
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RS21507
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The Google Library Project: Is Digitization for Purposes of Online Indexing Fair Use under Copyright Law?
AN  - 58830756; 2008-396900
AB  - The Google Book Search Library Project, announced in December 2004, raised questions about infringing reproduction and fair use under copyright law: Google planned to digitize, index, and display "snippets" of print books in the collections of five major libraries without the permission of the books' copyright holders. Authors and publishers owning copyrights to these books sued Google in 2005, seeking to enjoin and recover damages for Google's alleged infringement of their exclusive rights to reproduce and publicly display their works. Google, authors, and publishers have announced a proposed settlement, which, if approved by the court, could leave many questions unanswered. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 6 2009, 12 pp.
AU  - Manuel, Kate M
Y1  - 2009/07/06/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 06
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Education and education policy - Libraries
KW  - Law and ethics - Intellectual property, copyright, patent, and trademark law
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Property and wealth
KW  - Media - Print media and publishing
KW  - Libraries
KW  - Books
KW  - Google, Inc.
KW  - Copyright
KW  - Law
KW  - Property
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40194_20090706.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-10-02
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40194
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Service Leave Benefits in the United States
AN  - 58839909; 2010-442657
AB  - In the US, congressional interest in policies regarding employee leave have coalesced around family-friendly paid leave proposals. This report begins by reviewing those policies, including the Pregnancy Discrimination Act and the Family and Medical Leave Act and temporary Disability Insurance (TDI) programs, which five states have established; then examines the incidence of different types of paid leave that US employers voluntarily provide; and closes with results from a federal government survey of the average direct cost to businesses of different types of leave. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 5 2009, 21 pp.
AU  - Levine, Linda
Y1  - 2009/07/05/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 05
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Labor conditions and policy - Labor conditions, wages, salaries, and benefits
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Prejudice, discrimination, and affirmative action
KW  - Business and service sector - Insurance
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Health and health policy
KW  - Population groups, population policy, and demographics - Family planning
KW  - United States
KW  - Parental leave
KW  - Disability insurance
KW  - Sick leave
KW  - Leave of absence
KW  - Employees' benefit plans
KW  - Legislation
KW  - Pregnancy
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL34088_20090605.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL34088
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Lung Cancer in a U.S. Population with Low to Moderate Arsenic Exposure
AN  - 746077135; 12747356
AB  - Little is known about the carcinogenic potential of arsenic in areas with low to moderate concentrations of arsenic (& 100 kg/L) in drinking water. We examined associations between arsenic and lung cancer. A population-based case-control study of primary incident lung cancer was conducted in 10 counties in two U.S. states, New Hampshire and Vermont. The study included 223 lung cancer cases and 238 controls, each of whom provided toenail clippings for arsenic exposure measurement by inductively coupled-plasma mass spectrometry. We estimated odds ratios (ORs) of the association between arsenic exposure and lung cancer using unconditional logistic regression with adjustment for potential confounders (age, sex, race/ethnicity, smoking pack-years, education, body mass index, fish servings per week, and toenail selenium level). Arsenic exposure was associated with small-cell and squamous-cell carcinoma of the lung [OR = 2.75; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.00-7.57] for toenail arsenic concentration . 0.114 kg/g, versus & 0.05 kg/g. A history of lung disease (bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or fibrosis) was positively associated with lung cancer (OR = 2.86; 95% CI, 1.39-5.91). We also observed an elevated risk of lung cancer among participants with a history of lung disease and toenail arsenic . 0.05 kg/g (OR = 4.78; 95% CI, 1.87-12.2) than among individuals with low toenail arsenic and no history of lung disease. Although this study supports the possibility of an increased risk of specific lung cancer histologic types at lower levels of arsenic exposure, we recommend large-scale population-based studies.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Heck, Julia E
AU  - Andrew, Angeline S
AU  - Onega, Tracy
AU  - Rigas, James R
AU  - Jackson, Brian P
AU  - Karagas, Margaret R
AU  - Duell, Eric J
AD  - International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
Y1  - 2009/07/02/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 02
SP  - 1718
EP  - 1723
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 1
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts
KW  - arsenic
KW  - bronchitis
KW  - chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
KW  - lung cancer
KW  - lung diseases
KW  - New Hampshire
KW  - pulmonary fibrosis
KW  - small-cell carcinoma
KW  - smoking
KW  - Vermont
KW  - Historical account
KW  - Arsenic
KW  - Age
KW  - Mass spectrometry
KW  - Cancer
KW  - Smoking
KW  - Selenium
KW  - Education
KW  - body mass
KW  - Carcinogenicity
KW  - Fish
KW  - USA, New Hampshire
KW  - Drinking water
KW  - USA, Vermont
KW  - Ethnic groups
KW  - Lung cancer
KW  - H 11000:Diseases/Injuries/Trauma
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-05-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Historical account; Age; Arsenic; Mass spectrometry; Cancer; Selenium; Smoking; Education; Carcinogenicity; body mass; Fish; Drinking water; Ethnic groups; Lung cancer; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; USA, New Hampshire; USA, Vermont
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0900566
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Ocean Acidification
AN  - 58842897; 2008-407220
AB  - With increasing concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere, seawater becomes acidified (ie, ocean acidification) as more CO2 dissolves in it, causing hydrogen ion concentration in seawater to increase. Scientists are concerned that increasing hydrogen ion concentration could reduce growth or even cause death of shell-forming animals (e.g., corals, mollusks, and certain planktonic organisms) as well as disrupt marine food webs and the reproductive physiology of certain species; and Congress is beginning to focus attention on better understanding ocean acidification and determining how this concern might be addressed. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 2 2009, 11 pp.
AU  - Buck, Eugene H
AU  - Folger, Peter
Y1  - 2009/07/02/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 02
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Environment and environmental policy - Oceanography and ocean resources
KW  - Environment and environmental policy - Pollution and environmental degradation
KW  - Environment and environmental policy - Ecology and environmental policy
KW  - Environmental degradation
KW  - Ocean
KW  - Nature conservation
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40143_20090702.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40143
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Troop Levels in the Afghan and Iraq Wars, FY2001-FY2012: Cost and Other Potential Issues
AN  - 58829206; 2008-396908
AB  - In 2009, the Obama Administration announced its plans to increase troop levels in Afghanistan and decrease troop levels in Iraq: In Afghanistan, 30,000 more troops are deploying this year while in Iraq, troops will gradually decline from 50,000 to 35,000 by August 31, 2011, with complete withdrawal by December 31, 2011. Using five Department of Defense (DOD) sources, this report describes, analyzes, and estimates the number of troops deployed for each war, from the 9/11 attacks to FY2012, to help Congress assess upcoming DOD war funding requests as well as the implications for the long-term US presence in the region. Tables, Figures, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 2 2009, 67 pp.
AU  - Belasco, Amy
Y1  - 2009/07/02/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 02
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military planning, strategy, and operations
KW  - International relations - War
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military personnel and veterans
KW  - Obama, Barack
KW  - War
KW  - Appropriations and expenditures
KW  - Military operations
KW  - Service men
KW  - United States Defense department
KW  - Armed forces
KW  - book
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Belasco%2C+Amy&rft.aulast=Belasco&rft.aufirst=Amy&rft.date=2009-07-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Troop+Levels+in+the+Afghan+and+Iraq+Wars%2C+FY2001-FY2012%3A+Cost+and+Other+Potential+Issues&rft.title=Troop+Levels+in+the+Afghan+and+Iraq+Wars%2C+FY2001-FY2012%3A+Cost+and+Other+Potential+Issues&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40682_20090702.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-10-02
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40682
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Gas hydrates: entrance to a methane age or climate threat?
AN  - 851465700; 14120046
AB  - Methane hydrates, ice-like compounds in which methane is held in crystalline cages formed by water molecules, are widespread in areas of permafrost such as the Arctic and in sediments on the continental margins. They are a potentially vast fossil fuel energy source but, at the same time, could be destabilized by changing pressure--temperature conditions due to climate change, potentially leading to strong positive carbon--climate feedbacks. To enhance our understanding of both the vulnerability of and the opportunity provided by methane hydrates, it is necessary (i) to conduct basic research that improves the highly uncertain estimates of hydrate occurrences and their response to changing environmental conditions, and (ii) to integrate the agendas of energy security and climate change which can provide an opportunity for methane hydrates--in particular if combined with carbon capture and storage--to be used as a 'bridge fuel' between carbon-intensive fossil energies and zero-emission energies. Taken one step further, exploitation of dissociating methane hydrates could even mitigate against escape of methane to the atmosphere. Despite these opportunities, so far, methane hydrates have been largely absent from energy and climate discussions, including global hydrocarbon assessments and the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.
JF  - Environmental Research Letters
AU  - Krey, Volker
AU  - Canadell, Josep G
AU  - Nakicenovic, Nebojsa
AU  - Abe, Yuichi
AU  - Andruleit, Harald
AU  - Archer, David
AU  - Grubler, Arnulf
AU  - Hamilton, Neil T M
AU  - Johnson, Arthur
AU  - Kostov, Veselin
AU  - Lamarque, Jean-Francois
AU  - Langhorne, Nicholas
AU  - Nisbet, Euan G
AU  - O'Neill, Brian
AU  - Riahi, Keywan
AU  - Riedel, Michael
AU  - Wang, Weihua
AD  - International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Schlossplatz 1, 2361 Laxenburg, Austria Global Carbon Project, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, GPO Box 3023, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia Energy Economics Group, Vienna University of Technology, Gusshausstrasse 27-29/373-2, 1040 Vienna, Austria Social Science Consulting Unit, Japan Nus Co. Ltd, Loop-X Building 7F, 9-15 Kaigan 3-Chome, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-0022, Japan Bundesanstalt fur Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe (BGR), Stilleweg 2, 30655 Hannover, Germany Department of the Geophysical Sciences at the University of Chicago, 5734 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - July 2009
SP  - 034007
PB  - Institute of Physics Publishing Inc., The Public Ledger Building, Suite 929 Philadelphia PA 19106 USA
VL  - 4
IS  - 3
SN  - 1748-9326, 1748-9326
KW  - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts
KW  - hydrates
KW  - Methane
KW  - permafrost
KW  - Fossil fuels
KW  - gas hydrates
KW  - Climate change
KW  - Permafrost
KW  - Environmental research
KW  - Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
KW  - Polar environments
KW  - PN, Arctic
KW  - Methane hydrates
KW  - vulnerability
KW  - continental margins
KW  - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583)
KW  - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Gas+hydrates%3A+entrance+to+a+methane+age+or+climate+threat%3F&rft.au=Krey%2C+Volker%3BCanadell%2C+Josep+G%3BNakicenovic%2C+Nebojsa%3BAbe%2C+Yuichi%3BAndruleit%2C+Harald%3BArcher%2C+David%3BGrubler%2C+Arnulf%3BHamilton%2C+Neil+T+M%3BJohnson%2C+Arthur%3BKostov%2C+Veselin%3BLamarque%2C+Jean-Francois%3BLanghorne%2C+Nicholas%3BNisbet%2C+Euan+G%3BO%27Neill%2C+Brian%3BRiahi%2C+Keywan%3BRiedel%2C+Michael%3BWang%2C+Weihua&rft.aulast=Krey&rft.aufirst=Volker&rft.date=2009-07-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=034007&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.issn=17489326&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F1748-9326%2F4%2F3%2F034007
L2  - http://iopscience.iop.org/1748-9326/4/3/034007
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2011-02-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-07-07
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Climate change; Methane hydrates; Permafrost; Environmental research; Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change; hydrates; Methane; permafrost; gas hydrates; Fossil fuels; vulnerability; Polar environments; continental margins; PN, Arctic
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/4/3/034007
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Tackling private equity - the role of the Trades Union congress (UK)
AN  - 743789192; 3953840
JF  - Development & international cooperation
AU  - Williamson, Janet
AD  - Trades Union Congress
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jul 2009
SP  - 297
EP  - 302
VL  - 15
IS  - 2
SN  - 0352-7670, 0352-7670
KW  - Economics
KW  - Private equity
KW  - Labour relations
KW  - Business strategies
KW  - Pensions
KW  - Policy analysis
KW  - Economic impact analysis
KW  - Investment
KW  - Trade unions
KW  - Fund management
KW  - United Kingdom
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Development+%26+international+cooperation&rft.atitle=Tackling+private+equity+-+the+role+of+the+Trades+Union+congress+%28UK%29&rft.au=Williamson%2C+Janet&rft.aulast=Williamson&rft.aufirst=Janet&rft.date=2009-07-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=297&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Development+%26+international+cooperation&rft.issn=03527670&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS)
N1  - Date revised - 2013-06-12
N1  - Last updated - 2013-09-16
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 7174 3993 6093; 9617 971; 1878 1880 10902 1841; 9369; 5348 4937 7625; 6852; 3942 3883 971; 12858 1353 9030; 438 462 129 302
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The accuracy of the pencil beam convolution and anisotropic analytical algorithms in predicting the dose effects due to attenuation from immobilization devices and large air gaps.
AN  - 67575789; 19673217
AB  - When a photon beam passes through the treatment couch or an immobilization device, it may traverse a large air gap (up to 15 cm or more) prior to entering the patient. Previous studies have investigated the ability of various treatment planning systems to calculate the dose immediately beyond small air gaps, typically less than 5 cm thick, such as those within the body. The aim of this study is to investigate the ability of the Eclipse anisotropic analytical algorithm (AAA) and pencil beam convolution (PBC) algorithm to calculate the dose beyond large air gaps. Depth dose data in water for a 6 MV photon beam, 10 x 10 cm2 field size, and 100 cm SSD were measured beyond a range of air gaps (1-15 cm). The thickness of the water equivalent material positioned before the air gap ranged from 0.2 to 4 cm. Dose was calculated with the Eclipse PBC algorithm and AAA. The scattered and primary dose components were calculated from the measurements. The measured results indicate that as the air gap increases (from 1 to 15 cm) the dose reduces at the water surface and that beyond an air gap a secondary buildup region is required to re-establish electronic equilibrium. The dose beyond the air gap is also reduced at depths beyond the secondary buildup region. The PBC algorithm did not predict any reduction in dose beyond the air gap. AAA predicted the secondary buildup region but did not predict the reduction in dose at depths beyond it. The reduction in dose beyond the secondary buildup region was shown to be particularly relevant for air gaps of 5 cm or more when there was a 2 cm of water equivalent material positioned before the air gap. For these cases, where electronic equilibrium is established in the material positioned before the air gap, both algorithms were found to overestimate the dose by 2.0%-5.5%. It was concluded that the dose to depths of up to 15 cm beyond a large air gap is reduced due to a decrease in scattered radiation, produced in the material positioned before the air gap, reaching the point of interest. This effect is not well modeled by the Eclipse AAA and PBC algorithm and may result in dose calculation errors greater than 2.5%. Due to the contribution of other uncertainties in the radiation therapy treatment planning and delivery process, dose calculation errors of this magnitude are not consistent with the recommendation of the International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements that the absorbed dose to the target volume be delivered with an uncertainty of less than +/- 5%.
JF  - Medical physics
AU  - Gray, A
AU  - Oliver, L D
AU  - Johnston, P N
AD  - Department of Radiation Oncology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Saint Leonards, New South Wales 2065, Australia and School of Applied Sciences, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476V, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia. agray@nsccahs.health.nsw.gov.au
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - July 2009
SP  - 3181
EP  - 3191
VL  - 36
IS  - 7
SN  - 0094-2405, 0094-2405
KW  - Water
KW  - 059QF0KO0R
KW  - Index Medicus
KW  - Phantoms, Imaging
KW  - Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted -- methods
KW  - Water -- chemistry
KW  - Radiation Dosage
KW  - Anisotropy
KW  - Photons
KW  - Algorithms
KW  - Air
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date completed - 2009-09-10
N1  - Date created - 2009-08-13
N1  - Date revised - 2017-01-13
N1  - Last updated - 2017-01-18
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Advocacy for harm reduction in China: a new era dawns.
AN  - 67215862; 19097773
AB  - China's initial response to drug use and HIV was largely ineffective but has improved with recent government endorsement of harm reduction interventions. This paper examines the views of senior key informants inside China who articulated core needs and objectives for the development of a harm reduction advocacy strategy.
          Thirty-nine key informants (KI) were interviewed, representing 19 stakeholder bodies selected from the Chinese government public health sector, public security sector, international agencies such as WHO, UNODC and UNAIDS, and international non-government organisations. The concept of harm reduction is widely understood and considered valid. Support for harm reduction is increasing, but KIs perceived an imbalance between the rapid expansion of methadone maintenance treatment programs over needle and syringe programs and other interventions. Challenges for harm reduction identified by KIs included: policy inconsistencies; lack of skilled resources, training programs and technical capacity; poor coverage of interventions; and gaps in the sharing of information. KIs suggested numerous ways to strengthen the capacity of the government and communities to reduce drug related harm.
          Increased acceptance of harm reduction in China, particularly among public security, implies a new level of optimism towards addressing the HIV epidemic among drug users, and parallels an impressive expansion of harm reduction interventions. Nevertheless, scaling up a response to the ongoing dual epidemic of drug use and HIV remains an enormous challenge. With appropriate technical education and training, ongoing advocacy, and a cohesive, coordinated multi-sectoral effort, the capacity of the government and community to adopt, support and promote measures to reduce HIV and other drug related harm would be markedly strengthened.
JF  - The International journal on drug policy
AU  - Reid, Gary
AU  - Aitken, Campbell
AD  - The Centre for Harm Reduction, The Macfarlane Burnet Institute for Medical Research & Public Health, GPO Box 2284, Melbourne 3001, Australia. reid@burnet.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - July 2009
SP  - 365
EP  - 370
VL  - 20
IS  - 4
KW  - Index Medicus
KW  - Stereotyping
KW  - Prejudice
KW  - HIV Infections -- complications
KW  - Humans
KW  - HIV Infections -- prevention & control
KW  - Program Development
KW  - Interviews as Topic
KW  - Attitude
KW  - Health Education
KW  - China
KW  - Harm Reduction
KW  - Health Policy -- legislation & jurisprudence
KW  - Substance Abuse, Intravenous -- complications
KW  - Health Policy -- trends
KW  - Substance Abuse, Intravenous -- prevention & control
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date completed - 2009-08-20
N1  - Date created - 2009-05-11
N1  - Date revised - 2017-01-13
N1  - SuppNotes - Comment In:
Int J Drug Policy. 2010 May;21(3):165-6 [19505815]
N1  - Last updated - 2017-01-18
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2008.10.004
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Breaking Out of the Box: Adventure-Based Field Instruction
AN  - 61363835; 200907961
JF  - Journal of Teaching in Social Work
AU  - Congress, Elaine
AU  - Congress, Elaine
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - July 2009
SP  - 361
EP  - 363
PB  - Taylor & Francis, Philadelphia PA
VL  - 29
IS  - 3
SN  - 0884-1233, 0884-1233
KW  - article
KW  - 6113: social work education
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocialservices&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Teaching+in+Social+Work&rft.atitle=Breaking+Out+of+the+Box%3A+Adventure-Based+Field+Instruction&rft.au=Congress%2C+Elaine%3BWard%2C+Kelley&rft.aulast=Congress&rft.aufirst=Elaine&rft.date=2009-07-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=361&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Teaching+in+Social+Work&rft.issn=08841233&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Social Services Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2009-11-02
N1  - SuppNotes - Edition date: 2005.
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - CODEN - JTSWEK
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Drastic Plastic and the Global Electronic Economy
AN  - 60023900; 200925626
AB  - This article considers the rise of cosmetic surgical culture against the backdrop of recent explanations that foreground celebrity culture and the consumer industries. By contrast to these mainstream accounts, the article contends that surgical culture has become increasingly interwoven with major institutional changes of the global electronic economy. Personal vulnerabilities in the workplace and wider new economy are explored in the context of people seeking to reinvent themselves and improve their life prospects through cosmetic surgery. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - Society
AU  - Elliott, Anthony
AD  - Department of Sociology, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia anthony.elliott@flinders.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - July 2009
SP  - 357
EP  - 362
PB  - Springer, New York NY
VL  - 46
IS  - 4
SN  - 0147-2011, 0147-2011
KW  - Consumerism
KW  - Globalization
KW  - article
KW  - 9141: political economy; political economy
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LA  - English
DB  - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-31
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - CODEN - SOCYA6
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Globalization; Consumerism
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12115-009-9226-5
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Freedom Train: A Tour of 1989
AN  - 60016713; 200926797
AB  - Reflects on the 1989 end of the Cold War. The beginnings of democracy in El Salvador & the first free election in Poland are cited as key moments of that year, & the imperfect but steady democratization process in postcommunist societies over the last two decades is noted. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - World Affairs
AU  - Dreier, David
AD  - U.S. House of Representatives
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - July 2009
SP  - 54
EP  - 59
PB  - Heldref Publications, Washington DC
VL  - 172
IS  - 1
SN  - 0043-8200, 0043-8200
KW  - Postcommunist Societies
KW  - Elections
KW  - El Salvador
KW  - Poland
KW  - Cold War
KW  - Historiography
KW  - Freedom
KW  - Democracy
KW  - Twentieth Century
KW  - article
KW  - 9001: history and theory; political history/historiography
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LA  - English
DB  - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2009-10-02
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Twentieth Century; Cold War; Historiography; Democracy; Freedom; Postcommunist Societies; Poland; El Salvador; Elections
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Alexander Vassiliev's Notebooks and the Documentation of Soviet Intelligence Activities in the United States during the Stalin Era
AN  - 59940028; 200924478
AB  - Alexander Vassiliev's notebooks with 1,115 pages of handwritten transcriptions, excerpts, and summaries from Soviet Committee on State Security (KGB) archival files provide the most detailed documentation available of Soviet espionage in the United States in the 1930s and 1940s. This article discusses the provenance of the notebooks and how they fit with previously available Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) files, KGB cables decrypted by the Venona project, Communist International records, court proceedings, and congressional investigations. As an example of the richness of the material, the essay reviews the notebooks' documentation of Soviet spy William Weisband's success in alerting the Soviet Union to the U.S. decryption project that tracked Soviet military logistic communications, allowing the USSR to implement a more secure encryption system and blinding the United States to preparations for the invasion of South Korea in 1950. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - Journal of Cold War Studies
AU  - Haynes, John Earl
AU  - Klehr, Harvey
AD  - Manuscript Division of the U.S. Library of Congress
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - July 2009
SP  - 6
EP  - 25
PB  - MIT Press, Cambridge MA
VL  - 11
IS  - 3
SN  - 1520-3972, 1520-3972
KW  - Espionage
KW  - Documentation
KW  - Cold War
KW  - Government Agencies
KW  - United States of America
KW  - National Security
KW  - Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
KW  - Surveillance
KW  - Military Intervention
KW  - article
KW  - 9063: international relations; international relations
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LA  - English
DB  - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-31
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Espionage; Documentation; United States of America; Surveillance; Government Agencies; Military Intervention; Union of Soviet Socialist Republics; National Security; Cold War
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The Size and Role of Government: Economic Issues
AN  - 58843773; 2008-407222
AB  - The size and role of the government is one of the most fundamental and enduring debates in American politics. Economics can be used to analyze the relative merits of government intervention in the economy in specific areas, but it cannot answer the question of whether there is "too much" or "too little" government activity overall. Reducing inefficient government spending would benefit the economy; however, reducing efficient government spending would harm it, and reducing the size of government could involve either one. Tables, Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 1 2009, 27 pp.
AU  - Labonte, Marc
Y1  - 2009/07/01/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 01
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Politics - Politics and policy-making
KW  - Business and service sector - Business and business enterprises
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - Intervention (government)
KW  - United States
KW  - Government regulation of business
KW  - Government and politics
KW  - Size
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL32162_20090701.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL32162
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Financing Catastrophic Risk: Summary of the Homeowners' Defense Act of 2009 (S. 505 and H.R. 2555)
AN  - 58839255; 2008-396909
AB  - With the demand for homeowners' insurance in Atlantic and Gulf Coast states outpacing supply, Senator Bill Nelson introduced the Homeowners' Defense Act of 2009 (S. 505) that would establish a non-profit corporation, the National Catastrophe Risk Consortium, to allow eligible state insurance programs to voluntarily pool their catastrophic property insurance risk and transfer that risk to the capital markets through the issuance of insurance-linked securities (ILS). This report reviews the provisions of the bill and the arguments of the proponents and of the critics of the bill. Tables, Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 1 2009, 8 pp.
AU  - King, Rawle O
Y1  - 2009/07/01/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 01
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Housing
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Property and wealth
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Public safety and security
KW  - Business and service sector - Business finance
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - Business and service sector - Insurance
KW  - Property insurance
KW  - Risk
KW  - State insurance
KW  - Finance
KW  - Home ownership
KW  - Property
KW  - United States Senate
KW  - Legislation
KW  - book
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=King%2C+Rawle+O&rft.aulast=King&rft.aufirst=Rawle&rft.date=2009-07-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Financing+Catastrophic+Risk%3A+Summary+of+the+Homeowners%27+Defense+Act+of+2009+%28S.+505+and+H.R.+2555%29&rft.title=Financing+Catastrophic+Risk%3A+Summary+of+the+Homeowners%27+Defense+Act+of+2009+%28S.+505+and+H.R.+2555%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40680_20090701.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-10-02
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40680
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - North Korea's Second Nuclear Test: Implications of U.N. Security Council Resolution 1874
AN  - 58837616; 2008-396910
AB  - The United Nations Security Council passed Resolution 1874 in June 2009 in response to North Korea's (DPRK's) second nuclear test, putting in place sanctions on North Korea's arms sales, luxury goods, and financial transactions related to its weapons programs, and calling upon states to inspect North Korean vessels suspected of carrying such shipments. However, the economic effect of Resolution 1874 is not likely to be great unless China cooperates extensively, China goes beyond the requirements of the resolution, and/or the specific financial sanctions cause a ripple effect that causes financial institutions to avoid being "tainted" by handling DPRK transactions. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 1 2009, 15 pp.
AU  - Nikitin, Mary Beth
AU  - Manyin, Mark E
AU  - Chanlett-Avery, Emma
AU  - Nanto, Dick K
AU  - Niksch, Larry A
Y1  - 2009/07/01/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 01
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military equipment and weapons
KW  - International relations - International organizations
KW  - Trade and trade policy - Free trade and protection
KW  - Sanctions (international law)
KW  - Atomic weapons
KW  - North Korea
KW  - China (People's Republic)
KW  - United Nations Security council
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40684_20090701.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-10-02
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40684
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - North Korea's Nuclear Weapons: Technical Issues
AN  - 58837578; 2008-396901
AB  - This report summarizes what is known from open sources about the North Korean nuclear weapons program -- including weapons-usable fissile material and warhead estimates -- and assesses current developments in achieving denuclearization. In total, it is estimated that North Korea has up to 50 kilograms of separated plutonium, enough for at least half a dozen nuclear weapons; and North Korea claimed it tested a nuclear weapon on May 25, 2009, which is estimated as larger than the 2006 blast, but still modest. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 1 2009, 23 pp.
AU  - Nikitin, Mary Beth
Y1  - 2009/07/01/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 01
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military equipment and weapons
KW  - Environment and environmental policy - Mining and mineral resources
KW  - Administration of justice - Crime and criminals
KW  - Energy resources and policy - Nuclear power
KW  - Threats
KW  - Plutonium
KW  - Atomic research
KW  - Atomic weapons
KW  - North Korea
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL34256_20090701.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-10-02
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL34256
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Congressional Member Organizations: Their Purpose and Activities, History, and Formation
AN  - 58836531; 2008-407221
AB  - The term "congressional Member organization" (CMO) refers to a group of Members who join together in pursuit of common legislative objectives and register the organization with the Committee on House Administration. This report examines the purpose and activities of CMOs and the reasons Members form them; identifies and describes seven CMO types; provides an overview of the historical development of informal Member organizations since the first Congress; and offers a step-by-step guide for House Members and staff who might be interested in forming a CMO. Tables, Figures, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 1 2009, 26 pp.
AU  - Dilger, Robert Jay
Y1  - 2009/07/01/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 01
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Government - Government agencies and bodies
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - Culture and religion - Intellectual life
KW  - Politics - Politics and policy-making
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Social sciences and social scientists
KW  - Social conditions and policy - History
KW  - Committees (in government)
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - History
KW  - Decision-making
KW  - Legislation
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40683_20090701.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40683
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Kyrgyzstan and the Status of the U.S. Manas Airbase: Context and Implications
AN  - 58818032; 2008-407223
AB  - In February 2009, Kyrgyzstan announced that it was terminating an agreement permitting US forces to upgrade and use portions of the Manas International Airport near the capital of Bishkek to support coalition military operations in Afghanistan. After reportedly intense negotiations, the US and Kyrgyzstan reached agreement in June 2009 on modalities for maintaining US and NATO transit operations at Manas. Tables, Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jul 1 2009, 11 pp.
AU  - Nichol, Jim
Y1  - 2009/07/01/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 01
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military bases and facilities
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military planning, strategy, and operations
KW  - Transportation and transportation policy - Air transport
KW  - International relations - Diplomacy
KW  - Administration of justice - Legal procedure
KW  - International relations - International organizations
KW  - United States
KW  - Kyrgyzstan
KW  - Military operations
KW  - Afghanistan
KW  - Airports
KW  - North Atlantic treaty organization
KW  - Military bases
KW  - Negotiation
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40564_20090701.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40564
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - 21st Century Shipping: Network Data Transfer to the Library of Congress
AN  - 57729993; 200910880
AB  - Between 2008 and 2009 the Library of Congress added approximately 100 TB of data to its digital collections, transferred from universities, publishers, web archivists and other Organizations. The data comprised a broad range of content from photos to video, from books and periodicals to websites. Most of the data was transferred over the Internet rather than by hardware media, and for good reason: 650 GB of data shipped on a drive can take weeks from the time the content owner sends it to the time it is finally loaded onto a Library server. The same quantity takes just hours to transfer over the network. While network data transfer has not completely replaced shipping data on hardware storage media to the Library, it is gradually becoming the preferred method. The Library's transfer process is relatively simple and quick, and it utilizes open-source software. This article describes the Library's network data-transfer process. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - D-Lib Magazine
AU  - Ashenfelder, Michael
AD  - Library of Congress
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - July 2009
PB  - Corporation for National Research Initiatives, Reston, VA
VL  - 15
IS  - 7-8
SN  - 1082-9873, 1082-9873
KW  - Library of Congress
KW  - Data transmission
KW  - Electronic media
KW  - Internet
KW  - article
KW  - 13.11: INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL - NETWORKS
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L2  - http://www.dlib.org
LA  - English
DB  - Library & Information Science Abstracts (LISA)
N1  - Date revised - 2009-10-02
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-27
N1  - CODEN - DLMAF7
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data transmission; Electronic media; Internet; Library of Congress
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Doing Business with Consumers Online: Privacy, Security and the Law
AN  - 57680102; 200909095
AB  - The purpose of this paper is to identify privacy, security and legal issues facing small business in the business to consumer(B2C) e-commerce environment. Forty websites of small businesses based in Australia are examined to assess whether the content on these websites conforms with legal obligations. The study found that many of the websites examined appear not to be complying fully with their obligations under privacy and fair trading legislation as well as with those imposed in contracts with merchant facility providers. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - International Journal of Law and Information Technology
AU  - Shelly, Marita
AU  - Jackson, Margaret
AD  - Cooperative Research Centre for Smart Internet Technology, School of Accounting and Law, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476V Melbourne VIC 3001 Australia margaret.jackson@rmit.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - July 2009
SP  - 180
EP  - 205
PB  - Oxford University Press, UK
VL  - 17
IS  - 2
SN  - 0967-0769, 0967-0769
KW  - Web sites
KW  - Privacy
KW  - Law
KW  - Electronic commerce
KW  - article
KW  - 14.19: COMPUTER APPLICATIONS
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LA  - English
DB  - Library & Information Science Abstracts (LISA)
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-31
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-27
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Privacy; Electronic commerce; Web sites; Law
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Global trends 2025: a transformed world
AN  - 37174598; 3885328
JF  - International security
AU  - Layne, Christopher
AU  - Layne, Christopher
AD  - Texas A&M University
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jul 2009
SP  - 147
EP  - 172
PB  - Government Printing Office
VL  - 34
IS  - 1
SN  - 0162-2889, 0162-2889
KW  - Political Science
KW  - International relations
KW  - Geopolitics
KW  - World order
KW  - Power relations
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=International+security&rft.atitle=Global+trends+2025%3A+a+transformed+world&rft.au=Layne%2C+Christopher&rft.aulast=Layne&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2009-07-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=147&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+security&rft.issn=01622889&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS)
N1  - Date revised - 2013-06-12
N1  - Last updated - 2013-09-16
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 13749 6784; 6784; 5482 9700 5475; 9975 9965
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Pathogenicity Island 1-Encoded Type III Secretion System Translocases Mediate Intimate Attachment to Nonphagocytic Cells ,
AN  - 21504898; 12511268
AB  - Delivery of bacterial proteins into mammalian cells by type III secretion systems (TTSS) is thought to require the intimate association of bacteria with target cells. The molecular bases of this intimate association appear to be different in different bacteria involving TTSS components, as well as surface determinants not associated with TTSS. We show here that the protein translocases SipB, SipC, and SipD of the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium pathogenicity island 1 (SPI-1)-encoded TTSS are required for the intimate association of these bacteria with mammalian cells. S. Typhimurium mutant strains lacking any of the translocases were defective for intimate attachment. Immunofluorescence microscopy showed that SipD is present on the bacterial surface prior to bacterial contact with host cells. In contrast, SipB and SipC were detected on the bacterial surface only subsequent to bacterial contact with the target cell. We conclude that the coordinated deployment and interaction between the protein translocases mediate the SPI-1 TTSS-dependent intimate association of S. Typhimurium with host cells.
JF  - Infection and Immunity
AU  - Lara-Tejero, Maria
AU  - Galan, Jorge E
AD  - Section of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine, Boyer Center for Molecular Medicine, 295 Congress Ave., New Haven, Connecticut 06536, jorge.galan@yale.edu
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jul 2009
SP  - 2635
EP  - 2642
PB  - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA
VL  - 77
IS  - 7
SN  - 0019-9567, 0019-9567
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Immunology Abstracts
KW  - Immunofluorescence
KW  - Mammalian cells
KW  - Microscopy
KW  - pathogenicity islands
KW  - translocase
KW  - Salmonella enterica
KW  - Salmonella typhimurium
KW  - A 01490:Miscellaneous
KW  - J 02350:Immunology
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=Salmonella+enterica+Serovar+Typhimurium+Pathogenicity+Island+1-Encoded+Type+III+Secretion+System+Translocases+Mediate+Intimate+Attachment+to+Nonphagocytic+Cells+%2C&rft.au=Lara-Tejero%2C+Maria%3BGalan%2C+Jorge+E&rft.aulast=Lara-Tejero&rft.aufirst=Maria&rft.date=2009-07-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=2635&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FIAI.00077-09
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-04-01
N1  - Last updated - 2013-05-06
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - pathogenicity islands; translocase; Mammalian cells; Microscopy; Immunofluorescence; Salmonella enterica; Salmonella typhimurium
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/IAI.00077-09
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Laboratory-Acquired Infections
AN  - 21429233; 12488917
AB  - Laboratory-acquired infections due to a wide variety of bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites have been described. Although the precise risk of infection after an exposure remains poorly defined, surveys of laboratory-acquired infections suggest that Brucella species, Shigella species, Salmonella species, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and Neisseria meningitidis are the most common causes. Infections due to the bloodborne pathogens (hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and human immunodeficiency virus) remain the most common reported viral infections, whereas the dimorphic fungi are responsible for the greatest number of fungal infections. Because of the increasing attention on the role of the laboratory in bioterrorism preparation, I discuss the risk of laboratory-acquired infection with uncommon agents, such as Francisella tularensis and Bacillus anthracis. Physicians who care for a sick laboratory worker need to consider the likelihood of an occupationally acquired infection while advising exposed laboratory workers about postexposure prophylaxis. In addition, physicians should be aware of the importance of alerting the laboratory if infection with a high-risk agent is suspected.
JF  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
AU  - Singh, K
AD  - Rush University Medical Center, 1653 W. Congress Pkwy., Chicago, IL 60612, USA, Kamaljit_Singh@rush.edu
Y1  - 2009/07/01/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jul 01
SP  - 142
EP  - 147
VL  - 49
IS  - 1
SN  - 1058-4838, 1058-4838
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology
KW  - Parasites
KW  - Hepatitis B virus
KW  - bioterrorism
KW  - Fungi
KW  - Brucella
KW  - Francisella tularensis
KW  - Shigella
KW  - Neisseria meningitidis
KW  - Pathogens
KW  - Bacillus anthracis
KW  - Infection
KW  - Hepatitis C virus
KW  - Human immunodeficiency virus
KW  - Risk factors
KW  - Prophylaxis
KW  - Risk groups
KW  - Salmonella
KW  - Mycobacterium tuberculosis
KW  - A 01340:Antibiotics & Antimicrobials
KW  - V 22360:AIDS and HIV
KW  - K 03400:Human Diseases
KW  - J 02400:Human Diseases
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clinical+Infectious+Diseases&rft.atitle=Laboratory-Acquired+Infections&rft.au=Singh%2C+K&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2009-07-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=142&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clinical+Infectious+Diseases&rft.issn=10584838&rft_id=info:doi/10.1086%2F599104
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2012-03-29
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Parasites; bioterrorism; Risk factors; Fungi; Prophylaxis; Risk groups; Pathogens; Infection; Hepatitis C virus; Hepatitis B virus; Human immunodeficiency virus; Shigella; Francisella tularensis; Brucella; Neisseria meningitidis; Bacillus anthracis; Salmonella; Mycobacterium tuberculosis
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/599104
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Strain difference of cadmium-induced testicular toxicity in inbred Wistar-Imamichi and Fischer 344 rats
AN  - 21322492; 11722862
AB  - Previously, we reported that Wistar-Imamichi (WI) rats are highly resistant to cadmium (Cd)-induced lethality and hepatotoxicity compared to Fischer 344 (F344) rats. Since the testes are one of the most sensitive organs to acute Cd toxicity, we examined possible strain-related differences in Cd-induced testicular toxicity between inbred WI and F344 rats. Rats were treated with a single dose of 0.5, 1.0 or 2.0mg Cd/kg, as CdCl sub(2), sc and killed 24h later. Cd at doses of 1.0 and 2.0mg/kg induced severe testicular hemorrhage, as assessed by pathological and testis hemoglobin content, in F344 rats, but not WI rats. After Cd treatment (2.0mg/kg), the testicular Cd content was significantly lower in WI rats than in the F344 rats, indicating a toxiokinetic mechanism for the observed strain difference. Thus, the remarkable resistance to Cd-induced testicular toxicity in WI rats is associated, at least in part, with lower testicular accumulation of Cd. When zinc (Zn; 10mg/kg, sc) was administered in combination with Cd (2.0mg/kg) to F344 rats, the Cd-induced increase in testicular hemoglobin content, indicative of hemorrhage, was significantly reduced. Similarly, the testicular Cd content was significantly decreased with Zn co-treatment compared to Cd treatment alone. Thus, it can be concluded that the testicular Cd accumulation partly competes with Zn transport systems and that these systems may play an important role in the strain-related differences in Cd-induced testicular toxicity between WI and F344 rats.
JF  - Archives of Toxicology
AU  - Shimada, Hideaki
AU  - Narumi, Rika
AU  - Nagano, Masaaki
AU  - Yasutake, Akira
AU  - Waalkes, Michael P
AU  - Imamura, Yorishige
AD  - Faculty of Education, Kumamoto University, 2-40-1, Kurokami, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan, hshimada@gpo.kumamoto-u.ac.jp
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jul 2009
SP  - 647
EP  - 652
PB  - Springer-Verlag, Heidelberger Platz 3 Berlin 14197 Germany
VL  - 83
IS  - 7
SN  - 0340-5761, 0340-5761
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts
KW  - Testes
KW  - Hemoglobin
KW  - Lethality
KW  - Zinc
KW  - Inbreeding
KW  - Cadmium
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - Hemorrhage
KW  - hepatotoxicity
KW  - X 24360:Metals
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2013-11-04
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hemoglobin; Testes; Lethality; Zinc; Cadmium; Inbreeding; Toxicity; Hemorrhage; hepatotoxicity
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00204-009-0442-y
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Adjuvant Effect of Ambient Particulate Matter Is Closely Reflected by the Particulate Oxidant Potential
AN  - 21204358; 11579798
AB  - BACKGROUND: It has been demonstrated that ambient particulate matter (PM) can act as an adjuvant for allergic sensitization. Redox-active organic chemicals on the particle surface play an important role in PM adverse health effects and may determine the adjuvant effect of different particle types according to their potential to perturb redox equilibrium in the immune system. OBJECTIVES: We determined whether the adjuvant effect of ambient fine particles versus ultrafine particles (UFPs) is correlated to their prooxidant potential. METHODS: We have established an intranasal sensitization model that uses ambient PM as a potential adjuvant for sensitization to ovalbumin (OVA), which enhances the capacity for secondary OVA challenge to induce allergic airway inflammation. RESULTS: UFPs with a greater polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) content and higher oxidant potential enhanced OVA sensitization more readily than did fine particles. This manifests as enhanced allergic inflammation upon secondary OVA challenge, leading to eosinophilic inflammation and mucoid hyperplasia starting at the nasal turbinates all the way down to the small pulmonary airways. The thiol antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine was able to suppress some of these sensitization events. CONCLUSIONS: The adjuvant effects of ambient UFP is determined by their oxidant potential, which likely plays a role in changing the redox equilibrium in the mucosal immune system.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Li, Ning
AU  - Wang, Meiying
AU  - Bramble, Lori A
AU  - Schmitz, Debra A
AU  - Schauer, James J
AU  - Sioutas, Constantinos
AU  - Harkema, Jack R
AU  - Nel, Andre E
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jul 2009
SP  - 1116
EP  - 1123
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 7
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts; Environmental Engineering Abstracts
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21204358?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+Adjuvant+Effect+of+Ambient+Particulate+Matter+Is+Closely+Reflected+by+the+Particulate+Oxidant+Potential&rft.au=Li%2C+Ning%3BWang%2C+Meiying%3BBramble%2C+Lori+A%3BSchmitz%2C+Debra+A%3BSchauer%2C+James+J%3BSioutas%2C+Constantinos%3BHarkema%2C+Jack+R%3BNel%2C+Andre+E&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Ning&rft.date=2009-07-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1116&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Diarylheptanoid Phytoestrogens Isolated from the Medicinal Plant Curcuma comosa: Biologic Actions in Vitro and in Vivo Indicate Estrogen Receptor-Dependent Mechanisms
AN  - 21204329; 11579787
AB  - BACKGROUND: Diarylheptanoids isolated from Curcuma comosa Roxb. have been recently identified as phyto estrogens. However, the mechanism underlying their actions has not yet been identified. OBJECTIVES: We characterized the estrogenic activity of three active naturally occurring diarylheptanoids both in vitro and in vivo. METHODS: We characterized mechanisms of estrogenic action of the diarylheptanoids (3S)-1,7-diphenyl-(6E)-6-hepten-3-ol (D1), 1,7-diphenyl-(6E)-6-hepten-3-one (D2), and (3R)-1,7-diphenyl-(4E,6E)-4,6-heptadien-3-ol (D3) by using a real-time polymerase chain reaction assay, a mammalian transfection model, and a uterotrophic assay in mice. RESULTS: All diarylheptanoids up-regulated estrogen-responsive genes in estrogen-responsive breast cancer cells (MCF-7). In HepG2 cells transfected with estrogen receptor (ER) beta or different ERalpha functional receptor mutants and the Vit-ERE-TATA-Luc reporter gene, all diarylheptanoids induced transcription through a ligand-dependent human ERalpha-ERE-driven pathway, which was abolished with ICI 182,780 (ER antagonist), whereas only D2 was active with ERbeta. An ERalpha mutant lacking the functional AF2 (activation function 2) region was not responsive to 17beta-estradiol (E(2)) or to any of the diarylheptanoids, whereas ERalpha lacking the AF1 domain exhibited wild-type-like activity. D3 markedly increased uterine weight and proliferation of the uterine epithelium in ovariectomized mice, whereas D1 and D2 were inactive. D3, like E(2), up-regulated lactoferrin (Ltf) gene expression. The responses to D3 in the uterus were inhibited by ICI 182,780. In addition, D3 stimulated both classical (Aqp5) and nonclassical (Cdkn1a) ER-mediated gene regulation. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that the D3 diarylheptanoid is an agonist for ER both in vitro and in vivo, and its biological action is ERalpha selective, specifically requiring AF2 function, and involves direct binding via ER as well as ERE-independent gene regulation.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Winuthayanon, Wipawee
AU  - Piyachaturawat, Pawinee
AU  - Suksamrarn, Apichart
AU  - Ponglikitmongkol, Mathurose
AU  - Arao, Yukitomo
AU  - Hewitt, Sylvia C
AU  - Korach, Kenneth S
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jul 2009
SP  - 1155
EP  - 1161
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 7
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts; Environmental Engineering Abstracts
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21204329?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Diarylheptanoid+Phytoestrogens+Isolated+from+the+Medicinal+Plant+Curcuma+comosa%3A+Biologic+Actions+in+Vitro+and+in+Vivo+Indicate+Estrogen+Receptor-Dependent+Mechanisms&rft.au=Winuthayanon%2C+Wipawee%3BPiyachaturawat%2C+Pawinee%3BSuksamrarn%2C+Apichart%3BPonglikitmongkol%2C+Mathurose%3BArao%2C+Yukitomo%3BHewitt%2C+Sylvia+C%3BKorach%2C+Kenneth+S&rft.aulast=Winuthayanon&rft.aufirst=Wipawee&rft.date=2009-07-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1155&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Prenatal Exposure to Cigarette Smoke Induces Diet- and Sex-Dependent Dyslipidemia and Weight Gain in Adult Murine Offspring
AN  - 21203648; 11579807
AB  - BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) affects 71 million American adults and remains the leading cause of death in the United States and Europe. Despite studies that suggest that the development of CVD may be linked to intrauterine growth or early events in childhood, little direct experimental evidence supports the notion. OBJECTIVE: We investigated whether exposure to cigarette smoke in utero alters the risk of developing CVD later in life. METHODS: We exposed B(6)C(3)F(1) mice (via whole-body inhalation) to either filtered air or mainstream cigarette smoke (MCS, at a particle concentration of 15 mg/m(3)) from gestational day 4 to parturition. Adult offspring were fed a normal chow diet or switched to a high-fat diet 2 weeks before sacrifice. We measured dam and offspring body weight, plasma lipid parameters, lipoprotein subclass particle numbers and sizes, and total antioxidant capacities. RESULTS: Adult female mice prenatally exposed to MCS demonstrated significantly higher body weight and levels of plasma high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein than did their air-exposed counterparts. When fed a high-fat diet for 2 weeks, males, but not females, exposed prenatally to MCS gained substantially more weight and exhibited dramatic alterations in total cholesterol and HDL levels compared with their air-exposed counterparts. CONCLUSIONS: These data provide, for the first time, direct experimental evidence supporting the notion that prenatal exposure to cigarette smoke affects offspring weight gain and induces a lipid profile that could alter the offspring's risk of developing CVD later in life.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Ng, Sheung P
AU  - Conklin, Daniel J
AU  - Bhatnagar, Aruni
AU  - Bolanowski, Duane D
AU  - Lyon, Jessica
AU  - Zelikoff, Judith T
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jul 2009
SP  - 1042
EP  - 1048
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 7
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts
KW  - X 24380:Social Poisons & Drug Abuse
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21203648?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Prenatal+Exposure+to+Cigarette+Smoke+Induces+Diet-+and+Sex-Dependent+Dyslipidemia+and+Weight+Gain+in+Adult+Murine+Offspring&rft.au=Ng%2C+Sheung+P%3BConklin%2C+Daniel+J%3BBhatnagar%2C+Aruni%3BBolanowski%2C+Duane+D%3BLyon%2C+Jessica%3BZelikoff%2C+Judith+T&rft.aulast=Ng&rft.aufirst=Sheung&rft.date=2009-07-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1042&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Infectious Disease in a Warming World: How Weather Influenced West Nile Virus in the United States (2001-2005)
AN  - 21200217; 11579801
AB  - BACKGROUND: The effects of weather on West Nile virus (WNV) mosquito populations in the United States have been widely reported, but few studies assess their overall impact on transmission to humans. OBJECTIVES: We investigated meteorologic conditions associated with reported human WNV cases in the United States. METHODS: We conducted a case-crossover study to assess 16,298 human WNV cases reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention from 2001 to 2005. The primary outcome measures were the incidence rate ratio of disease occurrence associated with mean weekly maximum temperature, cumulative weekly temperature, mean weekly dew point temperature, cumulative weekly precipitation, and the presence of or = 1 day of heavy rainfall ( or = 50 mm) during the month prior to symptom onset. RESULTS: Increasing weekly maximum temperature and weekly cumulative temperature were similarly and significantly associated with a 35-83% higher incidence of reported WNV infection over the next month. An increase in mean weekly dew point temperature was significantly associated with a 9-38% higher incidence over the subsequent 3 weeks. The presence of at least 1 day of heavy rainfall within a week was associated with a 29-66% higher incidence during the same week and over the subsequent 2 weeks. A 20-mm increase in cumulative weekly precipitation was significantly associated with a 4-8% increase in incidence of reported WNV infection over the subsequent 2 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: Warmer temperatures, elevated humidity, and heavy precipitation increased the rate of human WNV infection in the United States independent of season and each others' effects.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Soverow, Jonathan E
AU  - Wellenius, Gregory A
AU  - Fisman, David N
AU  - Mittleman, Murray A
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - July 2009
SP  - 1049
EP  - 1052
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 7
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality
KW  - Symptoms
KW  - USA
KW  - Dew point
KW  - Infectious diseases
KW  - Disease control
KW  - Humidity
KW  - Pest control
KW  - Aquatic insects
KW  - Environmental factors
KW  - West Nile virus
KW  - Public health
KW  - Q1 08484:Species interactions: parasites and diseases
KW  - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21200217?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Infectious+Disease+in+a+Warming+World%3A+How+Weather+Influenced+West+Nile+Virus+in+the+United+States+%282001-2005%29&rft.au=Soverow%2C+Jonathan+E%3BWellenius%2C+Gregory+A%3BFisman%2C+David+N%3BMittleman%2C+Murray+A&rft.aulast=Soverow&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=2009-07-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1049&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-10-12
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Symptoms; Infectious diseases; Dew point; Disease control; Humidity; Pest control; Environmental factors; Aquatic insects; Public health; West Nile virus; USA
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Maternal Arsenic Exposure and Impaired Glucose Tolerance during Pregnancy
AN  - 21198057; 11579802
AB  - BACKGROUND: Accumulating evidence has shown an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in general populations exposed to arsenic, but little is known about exposures during pregnancy and the association with gestational diabetes (GD). OBJECTIVES: We studied 532 women living proximate to the Tar Creek Superfund Site to investigate whether arsenic exposure is associated with impaired glucose tolerance during pregnancy. METHODS: Blood glucose was measured between 24 and 28 weeks gestation after a 1-hr oral glucose tolerance test (GTT) as part of routine prenatal care. Blood and hair were collected at delivery and analyzed for arsenic using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with dynamic reaction cell. RESULTS: Arsenic concentrations ranged from 0.2 to 24.1 microg/L (ppb) (mean +/- SD, 1.7 +/-1.5) and 1.1 to 724.4 ng/g (ppb) (mean +/- SD, 27.4 +/- 61.6) in blood and hair, respectively. One-hour glucose levels ranged from 40 to 284 mg/dL (mean +/- SD, 108.7 +/- 29.5); impaired glucose tolerance was observed in 11.9% of women when using standard screening criterion ( 140 mg/dL). Adjusting for age, Native-American race, prepregnancy body mass index, Medicaid use, and marital status, women in the highest quartile of blood arsenic exposure had 2.8 higher odds of impaired GTT than women in the lowest quartile of exposure (95% confidence interval, 1.1-6.9) (p-trend = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS: Among this population of pregnant women, arsenic exposure was associated with increased risk of impaired GTT at 24-28 weeks gestation and therefore may be associated with increased risk of GD.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Ettinger, Adrienne S
AU  - Zota, Ami R
AU  - Amarasiriwardena, Chitra J
AU  - Hopkins, Marianne H
AU  - Schwartz, Joel
AU  - Hu, Howard
AU  - Wright, Robert O
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jul 2009
SP  - 1059
EP  - 1064
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 7
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts
KW  - X 24360:Metals
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21198057?accountid=14244
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Sustainable Control of Water-Related Infectious Diseases: A Review and Proposal for Interdisciplinary Health-Based Systems Research
AN  - 21195311; 11579806
AB  - OBJECTIVE: Even when initially successful, many interventions aimed at reducing the toll of water-related infectious disease have not been sustainable over longer periods of time. Here we review historical practices in water-related infectious disease research and propose an interdisciplinary public health oriented systems approach to research and intervention design. DATA SOURCES: On the basis of the literature and the authors' experiences, we summarize contributions from key disciplines and identify common problems and trends. Practices in developing countries, where the disease burden is the most severe, are emphasized. DATA EXTRACTION: We define waterborne and water-associated vectorborne diseases and identify disciplinary themes and conceptual needs by drawing from ecologic, anthropologic, engineering, political/economic, and public health fields. A case study examines one of the classes of water-related infectious disease. DATA SYNTHESIS: The limited success in designing sustainable interventions is attributable to factors that include the complexity and interactions among the social, ecologic, engineering, political/economic, and public health domains; incomplete data; a lack of relevant indicators; and most important, an inadequate understanding of the proximal and distal factors that cause water-related infectious disease. Fundamental change is needed for research on water-related infectious diseases, and we advocate a systems approach framework using an ongoing evidence-based health outcomes focus with an extended time horizon. The examples and case study in the review show many opportunities for interdisciplinary collaborations, data fusion techniques, and other advances. CONCLUSIONS: The proposed framework will facilitate research by addressing the complexity and divergent scales of problems and by engaging scientists in the disciplines needed to tackle these difficult problems. Such research can enhance the prevention and control of water-related infectious diseases in a manner that is sustainable and focused on public health outcomes.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Batterman, Stuart
AU  - Eisenberg, Joseph
AU  - Hardin, Rebecca
AU  - Kruk, Margaret E
AU  - Lemos, Maria Carmen
AU  - Michalak, Anna M
AU  - Mukherjee, Bhramar
AU  - Renne, Elisha
AU  - Stein, Howard
AU  - Watkins, Cristy
AU  - Wilson, Mark L
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jul 2009
SP  - 1023
EP  - 1032
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 7
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Environmental Engineering Abstracts
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Sustainable+Control+of+Water-Related+Infectious+Diseases%3A+A+Review+and+Proposal+for+Interdisciplinary+Health-Based+Systems+Research&rft.au=Batterman%2C+Stuart%3BEisenberg%2C+Joseph%3BHardin%2C+Rebecca%3BKruk%2C+Margaret+E%3BLemos%2C+Maria+Carmen%3BMichalak%2C+Anna+M%3BMukherjee%2C+Bhramar%3BRenne%2C+Elisha%3BStein%2C+Howard%3BWatkins%2C+Cristy%3BWilson%2C+Mark+L&rft.aulast=Batterman&rft.aufirst=Stuart&rft.date=2009-07-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1023&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Endometriosis and Organochlorinated Environmental Pollutants: A Case-Control Study on Italian Women of Reproductive Age
AN  - 21178282; 11579789
AB  - BACKGROUND: Endometriosis is a common gynecologic disease characterized by the ectopic growth of endometrial tissue. In industrialized countries, it affects approximately 10% of women of reproductive age. Its etiology is unclear, but a multifactorial origin is considered to be most plausible. Environmental organochlorinated persistent pollutants, in particular dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), have been hypothesized to play a role in the disease etiopathogenesis. However, results of studies carried out on humans are conflicting. OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the exposure to organochlorinated persistent pollutants as a risk factor for endometriosis. METHODS: We conducted a case-control study in Rome on 158 women comprising 80 cases and 78 controls. In all women, serum concentrations of selected non-dioxin-like PCBs (NDL-PCBs) and dioxin-like PCBs (DL-PCBs), 1,1-dichloro-2,2,-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-ethene (p,p'-DDE), and hexachlorobenzene (HCB) were determined by ion-trap mass spectrometry. DR-CALUX bioassay was employed to assess the 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin toxicity equivalent (TEQ) concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and DL-PCBs. RESULTS: We found an increased risk of endometriosis for DL-PCB-118 [odds ratio (OR) = 3.79; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.61-8.91], NDL-PCB-138 (OR = 3.78; 95% CI, 1.60-8.94), NDL-PCB-153 (OR = 4.88; 95% CI, 2.01-11.0), NDL-PCB-170 (OR = 3.52; 95% CI, 1.41-8.79), and the sum of DL-PCBs and NDL-PCBs (OR = 5.63; 95% CI, 2.25-14.10). No significant associations were observed with respect to HCB or to the sum of PCDDs, PCDFs, and DL-PCBs given as total TEQs. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study show that an association exists between increased PCB and p,p'-DDE serum concentrations and the risk of endometriosis.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Porpora, Maria Grazia
AU  - Medda, Emanuela
AU  - Abballe, Annalisa
AU  - Bolli, Simone
AU  - De Angelis, Isabella
AU  - di Domenico, Alessandro
AU  - Ferro, Annamaria
AU  - Ingelido, Anna Maria
AU  - Maggi, Antonella
AU  - Panici, Pierluigi Benedetti
AU  - De Felip, Elena
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jul 2009
SP  - 1070
EP  - 1075
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 7
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Pollution Abstracts
KW  - Age
KW  - Etiology
KW  - Mass spectrometry
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - Dioxins
KW  - Bioassays
KW  - Pollutant persistence
KW  - PCDF
KW  - Females
KW  - PCB compounds
KW  - PCDD
KW  - Hexachlorobenzene
KW  - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Etiology; Age; Bioassays; Pollutant persistence; PCDF; Mass spectrometry; Females; Toxicity; PCB compounds; Dioxins; PCDD; Hexachlorobenzene
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Beyond Mitigation: Planning for Climate Change Adaptation
AN  - 21076284; 10989552
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Schmidt, Charles W
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jul 2009
SP  - A306
EP  - A309
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 7
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts
KW  - mitigation
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Climate change
KW  - adaptability
KW  - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583)
KW  - ENA 20:Weather Modification & Geophysical Change
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Climate change; mitigation; Climatic changes; adaptability
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - CLIMATE CHANGE: Challenges of Predicting Wildfire Activity
AN  - 21076271; 10989547
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Potera, Carol
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jul 2009
SP  - A293
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 7
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts
KW  - wildfire
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Climate change
KW  - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583)
KW  - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development
KW  - ENA 20:Weather Modification & Geophysical Change
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Climate change; wildfire; Climatic changes
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Toward the Assessment of Scientific and Public Health Impacts of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Extramural Asthma Research Program Using Available Data
AN  - 21076256; 10989537
AB  - Background In the past 15 years, asthma prevalence has increased and is disproportionately distributed among children, minorities, and low-income persons. The National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) Division of Extramural Research and Training developed a framework to measure the scientific and health impacts of its extramural asthma research to improve the scientific basis for reducing the health effects of asthma. Objectives Here we apply the framework to characterize the NIEHS asthma portfolioas impact in terms of publications, clinical applications of findings, community interventions, and technology developments. Methods A logic model was tailored to inputs, outputs, and outcomes of the NIEHS asthma portfolio. Data from existing National Institutes of Health (NIH) databases are used, along with publicly available bibliometric data and structured elicitation of expert judgment. Results NIEHS is the third largest source of asthma-related research grant funding within the NIH between 1975 and 2005, after the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. Much of NIEHS-funded asthma research focuses on basic research, but results are often published in journals focused on clinical investigation, increasing the likelihood that the work is moved into practice along the abench to bedsidea continuum. NIEHS support has led to key breakthroughs in scientific research concerning susceptibility to asthma, environmental conditions that heighten asthma symptoms, and cellular mechanisms that may be involved in treating asthma. Conclusions If gaps and limitations in publicly available data receive adequate attention, further linkages can be demonstrated between research activities and public health improvements. This logic model approach to research impact assessment demonstrates that it is possible to conceptualize program components, mine existing databases, and begin to show longer-term impacts of program results. The next challenges will be to modify current data structures, improve the linkages among relevant databases, incorporate as much electronically available data as possible, and determine how to improve the quality and health impact of the science that we support.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Liebow, Edward
AU  - Phelps, Jerry
AU  - Van Houten, Bennett
AU  - Rose, Shyanika
AU  - Orians, Carlyn
AU  - Cohen, Jennifer
AU  - Monroe, Philip
AU  - Drew, Christina H
AD  - Battelle Health and Life Sciences, Seattle, Washington, USA
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jul 2009
SP  - 1147
EP  - 1154
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 7
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - asthma
KW  - children
KW  - evaluation methodology
KW  - health impact analysis
KW  - minorities
KW  - policy
KW  - pulmonary organ systems/disease processes
KW  - susceptible populations
KW  - intervention
KW  - portfolios
KW  - Asthma
KW  - Environmental health
KW  - Respiratory diseases
KW  - Mines
KW  - Allergies
KW  - Research programs
KW  - Public health
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - intervention; portfolios; Environmental health; Asthma; Respiratory diseases; Mines; Allergies; Research programs; Public health
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0800476
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Lucrative Investment: Controlling Lead Paint Yields Big Dividends
AN  - 21074944; 10989555
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Adler, Tina
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jul 2009
SP  - A311
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 7
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts
KW  - Lead
KW  - Paints
KW  - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health
KW  - ENA 07:General
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Lead; Paints
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - NATURAL DISASTERS: Arsenic Spike from Ike
AN  - 21074934; 10989548
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Lubick, Naomi
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jul 2009
SP  - A294
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 7
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts
KW  - Arsenic
KW  - natural disasters
KW  - Disasters
KW  - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies
KW  - SW 0540:Properties of water
KW  - ENA 07:General
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-05-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arsenic; natural disasters; Disasters
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Symptoms and Medication Use in Children with Asthma and Traffic-Related Sources of Fine Particle Pollution
AN  - 21074924; 10989540
AB  - Background Exposure to ambient fine particles [particulate matter aO 2.5 I14m diameter (PM sub(2.5))] is a potential factor in the exacerbation of asthma. National air quality particle standards consider total mass, not composition or sources, and may not protect against health impacts related to specific components. Objective We examined associations between daily exposure to fine particle components and sources, and symptoms and medication use in children with asthma. Methods Children with asthma (n = 149) 4a12 years of age were enrolled in a year-long study. We analyzed particle samples for trace elements (X-ray fluorescence) and elemental carbon (light reflectance). Using factor analysis/source apportionment, we identified particle sources (e.g., motor vehicle emissions) and quantified daily contributions. Symptoms and medication use were recorded on study diaries. Repeated measures logistic regression models examined associations between health outcomes and particle exposures as elemental concentrations and source contributions. Results More than half of mean PM sub(2.5) was attributed to traffic-related sources motor vehicles (42%) and road dust (12%). Increased likelihood of symptoms and inhaler use was largest for 3-day averaged exposures to traffic-related sources or their elemental constituents and ranged from a 10% increased likelihood of wheeze for each 5-I14g/m super(3) increase in particles from motor vehicles to a 28% increased likelihood of shortness of breath for increases in road dust. Neither the other sources identified nor PM sub(2.5) alone was associated with increased health outcome risks. Conclusions Linking respiratory health effects to specific particle pollution composition or sources is critical to efforts to protect public health. We associated increased risk of symptoms and inhaler use in children with asthma with exposure to traffic-related fine particles.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Gent, Janneane F
AU  - Koutrakis, Petros
AU  - Belanger, Kathleen
AU  - Triche, Elizabeth
AU  - Holford, Theodore R
AU  - Bracken, Michael B
AU  - Leaderer, Brian P
AD  - Center for Perinatal, Pediatric and Environmental Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jul 2009
SP  - 1168
EP  - 1174
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 7
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - childhood asthma
KW  - fine particle pollution
KW  - PM sub(2.5)
KW  - respiratory morbidity
KW  - source apportionment
KW  - traffic pollution
KW  - Particle size
KW  - Age
KW  - Fluorescence
KW  - Motor vehicles
KW  - Pollution effects
KW  - Asthma
KW  - Air quality
KW  - Respiratory diseases
KW  - Particulates
KW  - Children
KW  - Dust
KW  - Public health
KW  - Trace elements
KW  - Emissions
KW  - Drugs
KW  - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION
KW  - ENA 01:Air Pollution
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Particle size; Age; Fluorescence; Motor vehicles; Asthma; Pollution effects; Air quality; Particulates; Respiratory diseases; Children; Dust; Trace elements; Public health; Emissions; Drugs
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0800335
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Genomewide Analysis of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Binding Targets Reveals an Extensive Array of Gene Clusters that Control Morphogenetic and Developmental Programs
AN  - 21074912; 10989536
AB  - Background The vertebrate aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that regulates cellular responses to environmental polycyclic and halogenated compounds. The naive receptor is believed to reside in an inactive cytosolic complex that translocates to the nucleus and induces transcription of xenobiotic detoxification genes after activation by ligand. Objectives We conducted an integrative genomewide analysis of AHR gene targets in mouse hepatoma cells and determined whether AHR regulatory functions may take place in the absence of an exogenous ligand. Methods The network of AHR-binding targets in the mouse genome was mapped through a multipronged approach involving chromatin immunoprecipitation/chip and global gene expression signatures. The findings were integrated into a prior functional knowledge base from Gene Ontology, interaction networks, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways, sequence motif analysis, and literature molecular concepts. Results We found the naive receptor in unstimulated cells bound to an extensive array of gene clusters with functions in regulation of gene expression, differentiation, and pattern specification, connecting multiple morphogenetic and developmental programs. Activation by the ligand displaced the receptor from some of these targets toward sites in the promoters of xenobiotic metabolism genes. Conclusions The vertebrate AHR appears to possess unsuspected regulatory functions that may be potential targets of environmental injury.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Sartor, Maureen A
AU  - Schnekenburger, Michael
AU  - Marlowe, Jennifer L
AU  - Reichard, John F
AU  - Wang, Ying
AU  - Fan, Yunxia
AU  - Ma, Ci
AU  - Karyala, Saikumar
AU  - Halbleib, Danielle
AU  - Liu, Xiangdong
AU  - Medvedovic, Mario
AU  - Puga, Alvaro
AD  - Laboratory for Statistical Genomics and Systems Biology and
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jul 2009
SP  - 1139
EP  - 1146
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 7
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Genetics Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Ah receptor
KW  - ChIP-on-chip
KW  - gene-environment interactions
KW  - gene regulation
KW  - gene target networks
KW  - Genomes
KW  - Detoxification
KW  - Chromatin
KW  - Injuries
KW  - Xenobiotics
KW  - Japan, Honshu, Kyoto Prefect., Kyoto
KW  - International agreements
KW  - Kyoto Protocol
KW  - Differentiation
KW  - Hepatoma
KW  - Promoters
KW  - AhR gene
KW  - Halogenated compounds
KW  - Nuclei
KW  - Halogenated hydrocarbons
KW  - Immunoprecipitation
KW  - Transcription factors
KW  - Gene clusters
KW  - Aryl hydrocarbon receptors
KW  - Metabolism
KW  - Transcription activation
KW  - G 07720:Immunogenetics
KW  - ENA 07:General
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Detoxification; Genomes; Injuries; Chromatin; Immunoprecipitation; Promoters; Hepatoma; Differentiation; Transcription factors; Gene clusters; AhR gene; Aryl hydrocarbon receptors; Nuclei; Transcription activation; Metabolism; Halogenated hydrocarbons; Halogenated compounds; Xenobiotics; Kyoto Protocol; International agreements; Japan, Honshu, Kyoto Prefect., Kyoto
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0800485
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Developmental Exposure to PCBs, MeHg, or Both: Long-Term Effects on Auditory Function
AN  - 21074895; 10989531
AB  - Background Developmental exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) or methylmercury (MeHg) can result in a variety of neurotoxic effects, including long-term auditory deficits. However, little is known about the effects of combined exposure to PCBs and MeHg on auditory function. Objective We developmentally exposed rats to PCBs and/or MeHg and assessed auditory function in adulthood to determine the effects of exposure to these contaminants individually and in combination. Methods We exposed female Long-Evans rats to 1 or 3 mg/kg PCB in corn oil, 1.5 or 4.5 ppm MeHg in drinking water, or combined exposure to 1 mg/kg PCB + 1.5 ppm MeHg or 3 mg/kg PCB + 4.5 ppm MeHg. Controls received corn oil vehicle and unadulterated water. Dosing began 28 days before breeding and continued until weaning at postnatal day (PND) 21. Auditory function of the offspring was assessed at approximately PND 200 by measuring distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) and auditory brainstem responses (ABRs). Results Groups exposed to PCBs alone had attenuated DPOAE amplitudes, elevated DPOAE thresholds, and elevated ABR thresholds compared with controls. Groups exposed to MeHg alone did not differ from controls. Unexpectedly, the effects of PCB exposure appeared to be attenuated by coexposure to MeHg. Conclusion Developmental exposure to PCBs can result in permanent hearing deficits, and the changes in DPOAE amplitudes and thresholds suggest a cochlear site of action. Coexposure to MeHg appeared to attenuate the PCB-related deficits, but the mechanism for this unexpected interaction remains to be determined.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Powers, Brian E
AU  - Poon, Emily
AU  - Sable, Helen JK
AU  - Schantz, Susan L
AD  - Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jul 2009
SP  - 1101
EP  - 1107
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 7
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - ABR
KW  - auditory
KW  - development
KW  - DPOAE
KW  - MeHg
KW  - PCB
KW  - otoacoustic emissions
KW  - Plant breeding
KW  - Weaning
KW  - corn
KW  - Rats
KW  - Oil
KW  - breeding
KW  - Dimethylmercury
KW  - PCB compounds
KW  - offspring
KW  - Cochlea
KW  - Methylmercury
KW  - Auditory system
KW  - Brain stem
KW  - Long-term effects
KW  - polychlorinated biphenyls
KW  - Neurotoxicity
KW  - Progeny
KW  - Drinking water
KW  - Contaminants
KW  - Hearing
KW  - X 24360:Metals
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-05-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cochlea; otoacoustic emissions; Auditory system; Brain stem; Plant breeding; Weaning; Long-term effects; Oil; polychlorinated biphenyls; Neurotoxicity; Dimethylmercury; Progeny; Hearing; Contaminants; Drinking water; PCB; Rats; Methylmercury; breeding; PCB compounds; corn; offspring
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0800428
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Mother Load: Arsenic May Contribute to Gestational Diabetes
AN  - 21074744; 10989554
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Barrett, Julia R
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jul 2009
SP  - A310
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 7
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts
KW  - Arsenic
KW  - diabetes mellitus
KW  - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies
KW  - H 11000:Diseases/Injuries/Trauma
KW  - SW 0540:Properties of water
KW  - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH
KW  - ENA 07:General
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-05-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - diabetes mellitus; Arsenic
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Blood Lead Levels in Chinese Children
AN  - 21074723; 10989542
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Brondum, Jack
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jul 2009
SP  - A286
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 7
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts
KW  - Children
KW  - Blood levels
KW  - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health
KW  - ENA 07:General
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Children; Blood levels
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0900850
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Distinct Contributions of JNK and p38 to Chromium Cytotoxicity and Inhibition of Murine Embryonic Stem Cell Differentiation
AN  - 21074708; 10989534
AB  - Background Potassium dichromate [Cr(VI)] is a widespread environmental toxicant responsible for increased risk of several human diseases. Cr(VI) exposure leads to activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), including c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)1/2, p38, and extracellular-signal regulated kinase (ERK)1/2. Objectives We evaluated the contribution of MAPKs to Cr(VI) toxicity. Methods Phosphorylation of MAPKs and their downstream effectors was evaluated by Western immunoblotting; reactive oxygen species were measured by DCFDA (5a2,6a2-chloromethyl-2a2-7a2-dichlorofluorescin diacetate) labeling and flow cytometry, and glutathione and glutathione disulfide levels were determined by monochrome graphic spectroflurometer. Cytotoxicity was assessed by the MTS [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulf o phenyl)-2H-tetrazolium] assay and colony formation. Embryoid body (EB) differentiation was evaluated by contracting cardiomyocyte formation, and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used for cardiomyocyte-specific and stem-cell-specific gene expression. Results Acute treatment of mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells with 50 I14M Cr(VI) induced the rapid phosphorylation of JNK, p38, and ERK and their respective downstream transcription factors, c-JUN, activating transcription factor-2, and ELK1. MAPK activation and cytotoxicity induction were partially blocked by pretreatment with the antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine. Ablation of the upstream MAP kinase kinase (MAP2K7) in ES cells prevented JNK activation, whereas ablation of MAP2K4 prevented both JNK and p38 activation. Using specific MAPK inhibitors and MAP2K4- and MAP2K7-deficient ES cells, we showed that JNK reduced acute Cr(VI) cytotoxicity, p38 potentiated it, and ERK had no effect. At low submicromolar concentrations, Cr(VI) caused MAP2K4/7-dependent JNK activation and MAP2K4-dependent p38 activation and strongly inhibited contracting cardiomyocyte development in wild-type ES cells, but much less so in Map2k7 super((a/a)) cells. Conclusion Each MAPK distinctly contributes to chromium toxicity. Whereas JNK prevents and p38 promotes acute cytotoxicity, JNK contributes to optimal inhibition of ES cell differentiation by chromium.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Chen, Liang
AU  - Ovesen, Jerald L
AU  - Puga, Alvaro
AU  - Xia, Ying
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jul 2009
SP  - 1124
EP  - 1130
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 7
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Genetics Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - chromium
KW  - cytotoxicity
KW  - embryonic stem cell differentiation
KW  - ERK
KW  - JNK
KW  - MAPKs
KW  - p38
KW  - ROS
KW  - Antioxidants
KW  - Toxicants
KW  - Glutathione
KW  - Gene expression
KW  - Flow cytometry
KW  - MAP kinase kinase
KW  - Differentiation
KW  - Extracellular signal-regulated kinase
KW  - upstream
KW  - Colonies
KW  - Stem cells
KW  - Reactive oxygen species
KW  - Embryo cells
KW  - Phosphorylation
KW  - Polymerase chain reaction
KW  - Immunoblotting
KW  - MAP kinase
KW  - c-Jun amino-terminal kinase
KW  - Chromium
KW  - cardiomyocytes
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - c-Jun protein
KW  - Oxygen
KW  - Cytotoxicity
KW  - stem cells
KW  - Cysteine
KW  - Transcription factors
KW  - downstream
KW  - Proteins
KW  - potassium dichromate
KW  - X 24360:Metals
KW  - G 07730:Development & Cell Cycle
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-05-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Antioxidants; Toxicants; Glutathione; Flow cytometry; Gene expression; Extracellular signal-regulated kinase; Differentiation; MAP kinase kinase; Stem cells; Colonies; Phosphorylation; Embryo cells; Reactive oxygen species; Polymerase chain reaction; Immunoblotting; MAP kinase; c-Jun amino-terminal kinase; Chromium; Toxicity; cardiomyocytes; c-Jun protein; Cytotoxicity; Cysteine; Transcription factors; potassium dichromate; Oxygen; upstream; stem cells; downstream; Proteins
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0800157
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Climate Change Abatement Strategies Which Way is the Wind Blowing?
AN  - 21074697; 10989551
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Holzman, David C
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jul 2009
SP  - A296
EP  - A304
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 7
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Climate change
KW  - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583)
KW  - ENA 20:Weather Modification & Geophysical Change
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Climate change; Climatic changes
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Exposure and Effect Assessment of Aerosolized Red Tide Toxins (Brevetoxins) and Asthma
AN  - 21074695; 10989530
AB  - Background In previous studies we demonstrated statistically significant changes in reported symptoms for lifeguards, general beach goers, and persons with asthma, as well as statistically significant changes in pulmonary function tests (PFTs) in asthmatics, after exposure to brevetoxins in Florida red tide (Karenia brevis bloom) aerosols. Objectives In this study we explored the use of different methods of intensive ambient and personal air monitoring to characterize these exposures to predict self-reported health effects in our asthmatic study population. Methods We evaluated health effects in 87 subjects with asthma before and after 1 hr of exposure to Florida red tide aerosols and assessed for aerosolized brevetoxin exposure using personal and ambient samplers. Results After only 1 hr of exposure to Florida red tide aerosols containing brevetoxin concentrations > 57 ng/m super(3), asthmatics had statistically significant increases in self-reported respiratory symptoms and total symptom scores. However, we did not see the expected corresponding changes in PFT results. Significant increases in self-reported symptoms were also observed for those not using asthma medication and those living aY 1 mile from the coast. Conclusions These results provide additional evidence of health effects in asthmatics from ambient exposure to aerosols containing very low concentrations of brevetoxins, possibly at the lower threshold for inducing a biologic response (i.e., toxicity). Consistent with the literature describing self-reported symptoms as an accurate measure of asthmatic distress, our results suggest that self-reported symptoms are a valuable measure of the extent of health effects from exposure to aerosolized brevetoxins in asthmatic populations.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Fleming, Lora E
AU  - Bean, Judy A
AU  - Kirkpatrick, Barbara
AU  - Cheng, Yung Sung
AU  - Pierce, Richard
AU  - Naar, Jerome
AU  - Nierenberg, Kate
AU  - Backer, Lorraine C
AU  - Wanner, Adam
AU  - Reich, Andrew
AU  - Zhou, Yue
AU  - Watkins, Sharon
AU  - Henry, Mike
AU  - Zaias, Julia
AU  - Abraham, William M
AU  - Benson, Janet
AU  - Cassedy, Amy
AU  - Hollenbeck, Julie
AU  - Kirkpatrick, Gary
AU  - Clarke, Tainya
AU  - Baden, Daniel G
AD  - National Science Foundation National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Oceans and Human Health Center, University of Miami Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Miami, Florida, USA
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jul 2009
SP  - 1095
EP  - 1100
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 7
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Aqualine Abstracts
KW  - asthma
KW  - brevetoxins
KW  - harmful algal blooms (HABs)
KW  - Karenia brevis
KW  - red tides
KW  - sensitive populations
KW  - spirometry
KW  - Noxious organisms
KW  - Algal blooms
KW  - USA, Florida
KW  - Phytoplankton
KW  - Respiratory diseases
KW  - Public health
KW  - Exposure
KW  - Environmental monitoring
KW  - ASW, USA, Florida
KW  - Aerosols
KW  - Asthma
KW  - Toxins
KW  - Coastal zone
KW  - Brevetoxins
KW  - Monitoring
KW  - Pollution monitoring
KW  - Symptoms
KW  - Red tides
KW  - Statistical analysis
KW  - Assessments
KW  - Respiratory function
KW  - Drugs
KW  - Coasts
KW  - Marine
KW  - Beaches
KW  - Population studies
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - Samplers
KW  - Lung
KW  - Red Tide
KW  - X 24370:Natural Toxins
KW  - SW 3030:Effects of pollution
KW  - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution
KW  - Q1 08481:Productivity
KW  - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms
KW  - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH
KW  - ENA 01:Air Pollution
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-05-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environmental monitoring; Noxious organisms; Algal blooms; Symptoms; Coastal zone; Aerosols; Red tides; Phytoplankton; Public health; Beaches; Lung; Brevetoxins; Statistical analysis; Population studies; Asthma; Toxicity; Samplers; Toxins; Coasts; Pollution monitoring; Respiratory function; Respiratory diseases; Drugs; Assessments; Exposure; Red Tide; Monitoring; Karenia brevis; ASW, USA, Florida; USA, Florida; Marine
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0900673
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Chronic Exposure to Arsenic in the Drinking Water Alters the Expression of Immune Response Genes in Mouse Lung
AN  - 21074661; 10989532
AB  - Background Chronic exposure to drinking water arsenic is a significant worldwide environmental health concern. Exposure to As is associated with an increased risk of lung disease, which may make it a unique toxicant, because lung toxicity is usually associated with inhalation rather than ingestion. Objectives The goal of this study was to examine mRNA and protein expression changes in the lungs of mice exposed chronically to environmentally relevant concentrations of As in the food or drinking water, specifically examining the hypothesis that As may preferentially affect gene and protein expression related to immune function as part of its mechanism of toxicant action. Methods C57BL/6J mice fed a casein-based AIN-76A defined diet were exposed to 10 or 100 ppb As in drinking water or food for 5-6 weeks. Results Whole genome transcriptome profiling of animal lungs revealed significant alterations in the expression of many genes with functions in cell adhesion and migration, channels, receptors, differentiation and proliferation, and, most strikingly, aspects of the innate immune response. Confirmation of mRNA and protein expression changes in key genes of this response revealed that genes for interleukin 1I2, interleukin 1 receptor, a number of toll-like receptors, and several cytokines and cytokine receptors were significantly altered in the lungs of As-exposed mice. Conclusions These findings indicate that chronic low-dose As exposure at the current U.S. drinking-water standard can elicit effects on the regulation of innate immunity, which may contribute to altered disease risk, particularly in lung.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Kozul, Courtney D
AU  - Hampton, Thomas H
AU  - Davey, Jennifer C
AU  - Gosse, Julie A
AU  - Nomikos, Athena P
AU  - Eisenhauer, Phillip L
AU  - Weiss, Daniel J
AU  - Thorpe, Jessica E
AU  - Ihnat, Michael A
AU  - Hamilton, Joshua W
AD  - Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jul 2009
SP  - 1108
EP  - 1115
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 7
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Genetics Abstracts; Immunology Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts
KW  - arsenic
KW  - inflammation
KW  - innate immune system
KW  - lung
KW  - migration
KW  - Inhalation
KW  - Genomes
KW  - Toxicants
KW  - Food
KW  - Gene expression
KW  - Differentiation
KW  - Drinking Water
KW  - Chronic exposure
KW  - Exposure
KW  - Cytokine receptors
KW  - Interleukin 1 receptors
KW  - Cell migration
KW  - Diets
KW  - Arsenic
KW  - Lung diseases
KW  - Mice
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - Immunity
KW  - Cell adhesion
KW  - Channels
KW  - Risk
KW  - USA
KW  - Foods
KW  - Lung
KW  - Water Pollution Effects
KW  - Proteins
KW  - Immune response
KW  - Drinking water
KW  - Toll-like receptors
KW  - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution
KW  - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution
KW  - X 24360:Metals
KW  - G 07730:Development & Cell Cycle
KW  - F 06935:Development, Aging & Organ Systems
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-05-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Inhalation; Diets; Arsenic; Toxicants; Food; Lung diseases; Immunity; Toxicity; Cell adhesion; Gene expression; Differentiation; Chronic exposure; Cytokine receptors; Interleukin 1 receptors; Immune response; Cell migration; Drinking water; Toll-like receptors; Channels; Lung; Proteins; Mice; Risk; Foods; Drinking Water; Exposure; Water Pollution Effects; USA
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0800199
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - ECOLOGY AND WILDLIFE: Climate Change and the Arctic Diet
AN  - 21074659; 10989546
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Engelhaupt, Erika
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jul 2009
SP  - A292
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 7
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts
KW  - PN, Arctic
KW  - Diets
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Wildlife
KW  - Climate change
KW  - Polar environments
KW  - Arctic ecology
KW  - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583)
KW  - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development
KW  - ENA 20:Weather Modification & Geophysical Change
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ecology; Climate change; Arctic ecology; Diets; Wildlife; Climatic changes; Polar environments; PN, Arctic
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The U.S. Food and Drug Administration Risk Assessment on Lead in Womenas and Childrenas Vitamins Is Based on Outdated Assumptions
AN  - 21074639; 10989518
AB  - Background Following a recent report of lead in certain commercial vitamin products, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) conducted a nationwide survey to determine the Pb content in 324 multivitamin/mineral products labeled for use by women and children. The FDA compared estimated Pb exposures from each product with safe/tolerable exposure levels, termed provisional total tolerable intake (PTTI) levels, previously developed for at-risk population groups in 1992. Objective We investigated the FDAas conclusions that Pb concentrations in all vitamin products examined do not pose a hazard to health because they are below the PTTI levels for all groups considered. Discussion For their initial estimations of PTTI levels, the FDA used a blood lead level (BLL) of 10 I14g/dL as the threshold for adverse effects in children and in pregnant or lactating women. Studies have repeatedly linked chronic exposure to BLLs & 10 I14g/dL with impairments in cognitive function and behavior in young children despite the absence of overt signs of toxicity. The FDA analysis also omitted any consideration of nonfood sources of Pb exposure, which is inconsistent with our current understanding of how most children develop elevated BLLs. Conclusion We feel that based on these oversights, the FDAas conclusions are unduly reassuring and that reconsideration of their current recommendations appears warranted.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Miodovnik, Amir
AU  - Landrigan, Philip J
AD  - Childrenas Environmental Health Center
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jul 2009
SP  - 1021
EP  - 1022
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 7
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts
KW  - fetal and child neurobehavioral development
KW  - Food and Drug Administration
KW  - lead
KW  - provisional total tolerable intake levels
KW  - vitamins
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Drug screening
KW  - Lead
KW  - Chronic exposure
KW  - Vitamins
KW  - Drugs
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - Children
KW  - Blood levels
KW  - Pregnancy
KW  - Blood
KW  - USA
KW  - cognitive ability
KW  - Cognitive ability
KW  - FDA
KW  - Minerals
KW  - Side effects
KW  - X 24360:Metals
KW  - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health
KW  - R2 23110:Psychological aspects
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-05-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Blood; Chronic exposure; Cognitive ability; Vitamins; Toxicity; Drug screening; Children; Minerals; Side effects; Lead; Pregnancy; cognitive ability; vitamins; FDA; Drugs; Blood levels; USA
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0900573
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Smoking Gain?: Secondhand Smoke Exposure Influences Body Weight, Lipid Profiles in Offspring
AN  - 21074513; 10989553
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - McGovern, Victoria
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jul 2009
SP  - A310
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 7
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts
KW  - Smoking
KW  - Passive smoking
KW  - Lipids
KW  - body weight
KW  - offspring
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health
KW  - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Smoking; Passive smoking; Lipids; body weight; offspring
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Predictors of PFOA Levels in a Community Surrounding a Chemical Plant
AN  - 21074489; 10989528
AB  - Background Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is considered a probable human carcinogen by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. It does not exist in nature but has been used widely since World War II. It is present in the serum of most Americans at about 4a5 ng/mL, although the routes of exposure remain unknown. Objectives We examined predictors of PFOA in mid-Ohio Valley residents living near a chemical plant that until recently released large quantities of PFOA into the environment, contaminating drinking water. Methods We studied 69,030 residents in six contaminated water districts who participated in a 2005a2006 survey involving a questionnaire and blood tests. Of these, 64,251 had complete data on PFOA and covariates. We also analyzed a subset (71%) for whom we had occupational history. We ran linear regression models to determine serum PFOA predictors. Results Mean PFOA serum level was 83.0 ng/mL (median, 28.2). The most important predictors were current (median for all districts, 38.4; highest district, 224.1) and past (median, 18.6) residence in contaminated water districts, and current (median, 147.8) and past (median, 74.9) employment at the chemical plant (R super(2) model = 0.55). PFOA was higher for males, those consuming local vegetables, and those using well water rather than public water, and lower for those using bottled water. PFOA was higher at younger and older ages. Conclusions PFOA levels in this population varied with distance of residence from the plant and employment at the plant. Effects of age and sex reflected prior findings. Effects of other demographic and lifestyle covariates were relatively weak.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Steenland, Kyle
AU  - Jin, Chuangfang
AU  - MacNeil, Jessica
AU  - Lally, Cathy
AU  - Ducatman, Alan
AU  - Vieira, Veronica
AU  - Fletcher, Tony
AD  - Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jul 2009
SP  - 1083
EP  - 1088
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 7
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - PFOA
KW  - serum levels
KW  - water contamination
KW  - demography
KW  - Historical account
KW  - Age
KW  - Bottled water
KW  - employment
KW  - valleys
KW  - Carcinogens
KW  - EPA
KW  - USA
KW  - Water wells
KW  - Chemical plants
KW  - Drinking water
KW  - water pollution
KW  - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development
KW  - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - demography; Historical account; EPA; Bottled water; Age; employment; valleys; Water wells; Carcinogens; Drinking water; Chemical plants; water pollution; USA
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0800294
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Exposure to Traffic Pollution and Increased Risk of Rheumatoid Arthritis
AN  - 21074477; 10989525
AB  - Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic inflammatory disease that affects approximately 1% of the adult population, and to date, genetic factors explain & 50% of the risk. Particulate air pollution, especially of traffic origin, has been linked to systemic inflammation in many studies. Objectives We examined the association of distance to road, a marker of traffic pollution exposure, and incidence of RA in a prospective cohort study. Methods We studied 90,297 U.S. women in the Nursesa Health Study. We used a geographic information system to determine distance to road at the residence in 2000 as a measure of traffic exposure. Using Cox proportional hazard models, we examined the association of distance to road and incident RA (1976-2004) with adjustment for a large number of potential confounders. Results In models adjusted for age, calendar year, race, cigarette smoking, parity, lactation, menopausal status and hormone use, oral contraceptive use, body mass index, physical activity, and census-tract-level median income and house value, we observed an elevated risk of RA [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.31; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.98-1.74] in women living within 50 m of a road, compared with those women living 200 m or farther away. We also observed this association in analyses among nonsmokers (HR = 1.62; 95% CI, 1.04-2.52), nonsmokers with rheumatoid factor (RF)-negative RA (HR = 1.77; 95% CI, 0.93-3.38), and nonsmokers with RF-positive RA (HR = 1.51; 95% CI, 0.82-2.77). We saw no elevations in risk in women living 50-200 m from the road. Conclusions The observed association between exposure to traffic pollution and RA suggests that pollution from traffic in adulthood may be a newly identified environmental risk factor for RA.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Hart, Jaime E
AU  - Laden, Francine
AU  - Puett, Robin C
AU  - Costenbader, Karen H
AU  - Karlson, Elizabeth W
AD  - Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Womenas Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jul 2009
SP  - 1065
EP  - 1069
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 7
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts
KW  - air pollution
KW  - prospective study
KW  - rheumatoid arthritis
KW  - roadway proximity
KW  - traffic
KW  - parity
KW  - Age
KW  - Genetic factors
KW  - Housing
KW  - Physical activity
KW  - Remote sensing
KW  - Pollution effects
KW  - Particulates
KW  - Contraceptives (oral)
KW  - Hormones
KW  - contraceptives
KW  - Models
KW  - Inflammatory diseases
KW  - body mass
KW  - income
KW  - Risk factors
KW  - Rheumatoid factor
KW  - Cigarette smoking
KW  - physical activity
KW  - Parity
KW  - Houses
KW  - Lactation
KW  - Traffic
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - USA
KW  - Rheumatoid arthritis
KW  - Residential areas
KW  - Geographic information systems
KW  - Body mass index
KW  - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health
KW  - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals
KW  - ENA 01:Air Pollution
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-05-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Parity; Houses; Genetic factors; Physical activity; Contraceptives (oral); Hormones; Traffic; Models; Lactation; Air pollution; Rheumatoid arthritis; Inflammatory diseases; Rheumatoid factor; Risk factors; Cigarette smoking; Geographic information systems; Body mass index; Age; parity; Housing; Remote sensing; Pollution effects; Particulates; contraceptives; traffic; body mass; rheumatoid arthritis; income; Residential areas; physical activity; USA
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0800503
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - PESTICIDES: Double Exposure Heightens Parkinson Disease Risk
AN  - 21074317; 10989550
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Washam, Cynthia
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jul 2009
SP  - A295
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 7
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts
KW  - Pesticides
KW  - H 5000:Pesticides
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pesticides
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Childhood Lead Poisoning: Conservative Estimates of the Social and Economic Benefits of Lead Hazard Control
AN  - 21074308; 10989539
AB  - Background This study is a costabenefit analysis that quantifies the social and economic benefits to household lead paint hazard control compared with the investments needed to minimize exposure to these hazards. Objectives This research updates estimates of elevated blood lead levels among a cohort of children less than or equal to 6 years of age and compiles recent research to determine a range of the costs of lead paint hazard control ($1-$11 billion) and the benefits of reduction attributed to each cohort for health care ($11-$53 billion), lifetime earnings ($165-$233 billion), tax revenue ($25-$35 billion), special education ($30-$146 million), attention deficitahyperactivity disorder ($267 million), and the direct costs of crime ($1.7 billion). Results Each dollar invested in lead paint hazard control results in a return of $17-$221 or a net savings of $181-269 billion. Conclusions There are substantial returns to investing in lead hazard control, particularly targeted at early intervention in communities most likely at risk. Given the high societal costs of inaction, lead hazard control appears to be well worth the price.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Gould, Elise
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jul 2009
SP  - 1162
EP  - 1167
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 7
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts
KW  - cost-benefit
KW  - economics
KW  - housing
KW  - lead poisoning
KW  - Age
KW  - Poisoning
KW  - Socioeconomics
KW  - Children
KW  - Lead
KW  - Blood levels
KW  - Taxation
KW  - Hazards
KW  - Blood
KW  - households
KW  - Education
KW  - Health care
KW  - intervention
KW  - crime
KW  - Economics
KW  - Paints
KW  - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health
KW  - X 24360:Metals
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Childhood+Lead+Poisoning%3A+Conservative+Estimates+of+the+Social+and+Economic+Benefits+of+Lead+Hazard+Control&rft.au=Gould%2C+Elise&rft.aulast=Gould&rft.aufirst=Elise&rft.date=2009-07-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1162&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/10.1289%2Fehp.0800408
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-05-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Blood; Age; Economics; Poisoning; Children; Lead; Paints; Socioeconomics; Blood levels; Hazards; Taxation; Education; households; Health care; crime; intervention
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0800408
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Organochlorine Exposure and Incidence of Diabetes in a Cohort of Great Lakes Sport Fish Consumers
AN  - 21074290; 10989527
AB  - Background: Studies have demonstrated ubiquitous human exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) such as p,p'-diphenyldichloroethene (DDE) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Although there is considerable evidence that POP exposures are associated with prevalent diabetes, these studies do not establish causality because the cross-sectional study design does not allow for assessment of temporality of the exposure-disease association. Prospective studies, however, have been lacking. Objectives: This study was designed to determine whether POP body burdens are related to incidence of diabetes in a cohort of Great Lakes sport fish consumers. Methods: The cohort was established in the early 1990s and followed through 2005. We tested serum for DDE and PCB congeners and assessed diabetes diagnosis, demographics, and fish consumption. Associations of diabetes with exposures were examined prospectively in participants without diabetes in 1994-1995, followed through 2005. Annual percent changes in DDE and PCB-132/153 from 1994 to 2005 were examined by diabetes status. Results: DDE exposure was associated with incident diabetes. Incident diabetes was not associated with mono-ortho PCB-118, total PCBs, or years of sport fish consumption. Annual percent change in DDE and PCB-132/153 did not differ significantly by diabetes status. Conclusions: This study demonstrates an association between DDE exposure and incident diabetes. The findings of an association of DDE with incident diabetes and the lack of effect of diabetes on annual percent change in POPs do not support the hypothesis that associations of POPs with diabetes are attributable to reverse causality. Additional studies should address the biological pathways by which DDE could affect glucose homeostasis.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Turyk, Mary
AU  - Anderson, Henry
AU  - Knobeloch, Lynda
AU  - Imm, Pamela
AU  - Persky, Victoria
AD  - Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of IllinoisaChicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jul 2009
SP  - 1076
EP  - 1082
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 7
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Aqualine Abstracts
KW  - DDE
KW  - diabetes
KW  - dioxin
KW  - Great Lakes sport fish
KW  - PCB
KW  - prospective
KW  - sport fish
KW  - Homeostasis
KW  - Freshwater
KW  - Toxicity tests
KW  - Public health
KW  - diabetes mellitus
KW  - Lakes
KW  - Insecticides
KW  - Nitrous oxide
KW  - Fish consumption
KW  - Exposure
KW  - Congeners
KW  - Consumers
KW  - Pollution indicators
KW  - Freshwater pollution
KW  - persistent organic pollutants
KW  - Diabetes mellitus
KW  - polychlorinated biphenyls
KW  - Water Pollution Effects
KW  - Fish
KW  - demography
KW  - Organochlorine compounds
KW  - Polychlorinated Biphenyls
KW  - Glucose
KW  - Demography
KW  - Assessments
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Pollutant persistence
KW  - body burden
KW  - Seafood
KW  - PCB compounds
KW  - Body burden
KW  - Game fish
KW  - Bioaccumulation
KW  - North America, Great Lakes
KW  - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION
KW  - SW 3030:Effects of pollution
KW  - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution
KW  - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms
KW  - X 24330:Agrochemicals
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
KW  - Q1 08627:Food quality and standards
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-05-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Body burden; Fish consumption; Pollutant persistence; DDE; Game fish; Pollution indicators; Toxicity tests; PCB; Public health; Freshwater pollution; Demography; Diabetes mellitus; Organochlorine compounds; polychlorinated biphenyls; Pollutants; Glucose; Congeners; Consumers; Homeostasis; demography; Lakes; diabetes mellitus; Insecticides; Nitrous oxide; persistent organic pollutants; body burden; Fish; Seafood; PCB compounds; Bioaccumulation; Assessments; Water Pollution Effects; Polychlorinated Biphenyls; Exposure; North America, Great Lakes; Freshwater
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0800281
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Low Doses of Bisphenol A Promote Human Seminoma Cell Proliferation by Activating PKA and PKG via a Membrane G-ProteinaCoupled Estrogen Receptor
AN  - 21071570; 10989523
AB  - Background Fetal exposure to environmental estrogens may contribute to hypofertility and/or to testicular germ cell cancer. However, many of these xenoestrogens have only a weak affinity for the classical estrogen receptors (ERs,) which is 1,000-fold less potent than the affinity of 17I2-estradiol (E sub(2)). Thus, several mechanisms have been suggested to explain how they could affect male germ cell proliferation at low environmental relevant concentrations. Objectives In this study we aimed to explore the possible promoting effect of bisphenol A (BPA) on human testicular seminoma cells. BPA is a well-recognized estrogenic endocrine disruptor used as a monomer to manufacture poly carbonate plastic and released from resin-lined food or beverage cans or from dental sealants. Methods and results BPA at very low concentrations (10 super(a9) to 10 super(a12) M) similar to those found in human fluids stimulated JKT-1 cell proliferation in vitro. BPA activated both cAMP-dependent protein kinase and cGMP-dependent protein kinase pathways and triggered a rapid (15 min) phosphorylation of the transcription factor cAMP response-elementabinding protein (CREB) and the cell cycle regulator retinoblastoma protein (Rb). This nongenomic activation did not involve classical ERs because it could not be reversed by ICI 182780 (an ER antagonist) or reproduced either by E sub(2) or by diethylstilbestrol (a potent synthetic estrogen), which instead triggered a suppressive effect. This activation was reproduced only by E sub(2) coupled to bovine serum albumin (BSA), which is unable to enter the cell. As with E sub(2)-BSA, BPA promoted JKT-1 cell proliferation through a G-proteinacoupled nonclassical membrane ER (GPCR) involving a GI- sub(s) and a GI- sub(i)/GI- sub(q) subunit, as shown by the reversible effect observed by the corresponding inhibitors NF449 and pertussis toxin. Conclusion This GPCR-mediated nongenomic action representsain addition to the classical ER-mediated effectaa new basis for evaluating xenoestrogens such as BPA that, at low doses and with a high affinity for this GPCR, could interfere with the developmental programming of fetal germ cell proliferation and/or differentiation when they cross the placenta.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Bouskine, Adil
AU  - Nebout, Marielle
AU  - BrAcker-Davis, FranASCoise
AU  - Benahmed, Mohamed
AU  - Fenichel, Patrick
AD  - Institut National de la recherchACO MACOdicale (INSERM) U895, Team 5aEnvironment and Reproduction: Genomic and Nongenomic Mechanisms, University of Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, Faculty of Medicine, Nice, France
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jul 2009
SP  - 1053
EP  - 1058
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 7
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - bisphenol A
KW  - ER
KW  - estrogen receptor
KW  - GPCR
KW  - PKA
KW  - PKG
KW  - testicular germ cell cancer
KW  - Membranes
KW  - endocrine disruptors
KW  - Proteins
KW  - Cancer
KW  - Toxins
KW  - estrogens
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bisphenol A; Membranes; endocrine disruptors; Proteins; Toxins; Cancer; estrogens
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0800367
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Cancer Risk and GSTM1 and GSTT1 Polymorphisms
AN  - 21069466; 10989543
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Cetta, Francesco
AU  - Dhamo, Armand
AU  - Moltoni, Laura
AU  - Zangari, Rosalia
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jul 2009
SP  - A286
EP  - A287
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 7
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Cancer
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - ENA 07:General
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cancer
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0900829
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Cancer Risk and GSTM1 and GSTT1 Polymorphisms: Hansteen et al. Respond
AN  - 21069311; 10989544
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Hansteen, Inger-Lise
AU  - Rossi, Anna Maria
AU  - Barale, Roberto
AU  - Knudsen, Lisbeth E
AU  - Norppa, Hannu
AU  - Bonassi, Stefano
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jul 2009
SP  - A287
EP  - A288
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 7
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Cancer
KW  - ENA 07:General
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cancer
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0900829R
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Human Neurospheres as Three-Dimensional Cellular Systems for Developmental Neurotoxicity Testing
AN  - 21069265; 10989535
AB  - Background Developmental neurotoxicity (DNT) of environmental chemicals is a serious threat to human health. Current DNT testing guidelines propose investigations in rodents, which require large numbers of animals. With regard to the a3 Rsa (reduction, replacement, and refinement) of animal testing and the European regulation of chemicals [Registration, Evaluation, and Authorisation of Chemicals (REACH)], alternative testing strategies are needed in order to refine and reduce animal experiments and allow faster and less expensive screening. Objectives The goal of this study was to establish a three-dimensional test system for DNT screening based on human fetal brain cells. Methods We established assays suitable for detecting disturbances in basic processes of brain development by employing human neural progenitor cells (hNPCs), which grow as neurospheres. Furthermore, we assessed effects of mercury and oxidative stress on these cells. Results We found that human neurospheres imitate proliferation, differentiation, and migration in vitro. Exposure to the proapoptotic agent staurosporine further suggests that human neurospheres possess functioning apoptosis machinery. The developmental neurotoxicants methylmercury chloride and mercury chloride decreased migration distance and number of neuronal-like cells in differentiated hNPCs. Furthermore, hNPCs undergo caspase-independent apoptosis when exposed toward high amounts of oxidative stress. Conclusions Human neurospheres are likely to imitate basic processes of brain development, and these processes can be modulated by developmental neurotoxicants. Thus, this three-dimensional cell system is a promising approach for DNT testing.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Moors, Michaela
AU  - Rockel, Thomas Dino
AU  - Abel, Josef
AU  - Cline, Jason E
AU  - Gassmann, Kathrin
AU  - Schreiber, Timm
AU  - Schuwald, Janette
AU  - Weinmann, Nicole
AU  - Fritsche, Ellen
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jul 2009
SP  - 1131
EP  - 1138
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 7
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - apoptosis
KW  - differentiation
KW  - DNT
KW  - human neurospheres
KW  - mercury
KW  - migration
KW  - proliferation
KW  - Chemicals
KW  - guidelines
KW  - Neurotoxicity
KW  - Brain
KW  - Chlorides
KW  - Mercury
KW  - oxidative stress
KW  - rodents
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chemicals; migration; guidelines; Neurotoxicity; Chlorides; Brain; Mercury; rodents; oxidative stress
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0800207
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Rainy Day Reaction: Human West Nile Viruses Cases Respond to Weather Patterns
AN  - 21068858; 10989556
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Weinhold, Bob
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jul 2009
SP  - A311
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 7
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Environment Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality
KW  - Weather
KW  - Viruses
KW  - Q1 08201:General
KW  - Q5 08501:General
KW  - ENA 19:Water Pollution
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-07
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Viruses; Weather
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Exposure to Concentrated Coarse Air Pollution Particles Causes Mild Cardiopulmonary Effects in Healthy Young Adults
AN  - 21068838; 10989529
AB  - Background: There is ample epidemiologic and toxicologic evidence that exposure to fine particulate matter (PM) air pollution [aerodynamic diameter aO 2.5 mu m (PM sub(2.5))], which derives primarily from combustion processes, can result in increased mortality and morbidity. There is less certainty as to the contribution of coarse PM (PM sub(2.5-10)), which derives from crustal materials and from mechanical processes, to mortality and morbidity. Objective To determine whether coarse PM causes cardiopulmonary effects, we exposed 14 healthy young volunteers to coarse concentrated ambient particles (CAPs) and filtered air. Coarse PM concentration averaged 89.0 mu g/m super(3) (range, 23.7-159.6 mu g/m super(3)). Volunteers were exposed to coarse CAPs and filtered air for 2 hr while they underwent intermittent exercise in a single-blind, crossover study. We measured pulmonary, cardiac, and hematologic end points before exposure, immediately after exposure, and again 20 hr after exposure. Results Compared with filtered air exposure, coarse CAP exposure produced a small increase in polymorphonuclear neutrophils in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid 20 hr postexposure, indicating mild pulmonary inflammation. We observed no changes in pulmonary function. Blood tissue plasminogen activator, which is involved in fibrinolysis, was decreased 20 hr after exposure. The standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals (SDNN), a measure of overall heart rate variability, also decreased 20 hr after exposure to CAPs. Conclusions Coarse CAP exposure produces a mild physiologic response in healthy young volunteers approximately 20 hr postexposure. These changes are similar in scope and magnitude to changes we and others have previously reported for volunteers exposed to fine CAPs, suggesting that both size fractions are comparable at inducing cardiopulmonary changes in acute exposure settings.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Graff, Donald W
AU  - Cascio, Wayne E
AU  - Rappold, Ana
AU  - Zhou, Haibo
AU  - Huang, Yuh-Chin T
AU  - Devlin, Robert B
AD  - MDS Pharma Services, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jul 2009
SP  - 1089
EP  - 1094
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 7
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts
KW  - cardiovascular effects
KW  - coarse PM human study
KW  - air exposure
KW  - Leukocytes (polymorphonuclear)
KW  - Particulate matter
KW  - Heart rate
KW  - Pollution effects
KW  - Particulates
KW  - young adults
KW  - Morbidity
KW  - Particulate matter in atmosphere
KW  - Bronchus
KW  - heart rate
KW  - Aerodynamics
KW  - Atmospheric pollution and health
KW  - Respiratory function
KW  - Particle size
KW  - Mortality due to atmospheric pollution
KW  - Heart
KW  - Mortality
KW  - Atmospheric pollution
KW  - Atmospheric pollution effects
KW  - Fibrinolysis
KW  - Particulate atmospheric pollution
KW  - t-Plasminogen activator
KW  - Alveoli
KW  - Inflammation
KW  - Combustion
KW  - Physical training
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Blood
KW  - Standard deviation
KW  - Lung
KW  - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42)
KW  - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION
KW  - X 24490:Other
KW  - ENA 01:Air Pollution
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-05-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Heart; Mortality; Leukocytes (polymorphonuclear); Heart rate; Particulate matter; Fibrinolysis; t-Plasminogen activator; Alveoli; Morbidity; Physical training; Combustion; Inflammation; Air pollution; Blood; Standard deviation; Bronchus; Lung; Mortality due to atmospheric pollution; Particulate matter in atmosphere; Atmospheric pollution; Atmospheric pollution and health; Atmospheric pollution effects; Particulate atmospheric pollution; Particle size; air exposure; heart rate; Aerodynamics; Pollution effects; Respiratory function; Particulates; young adults
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp0900558
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Maternal Exposure to a Brominated Flame Retardant and Genitourinary Conditions in Male Offspring
AN  - 21068817; 10989541
AB  - Background: The upward trend in industrial nations in the incidence of male genitourinary (GU) conditions may be attributed to increased exposure to endocrine disruptors. Polybrominated biphenyl (PBB), a brominated flame retardant, is one such suspected endocrine disruptor. Objective: We investigated the relationship between maternal serum levels of PBBs and GU conditions among male offspring exposed in utero. Methods: In this cohort study of sons born to women accidentally exposed to PBBs during 1973-1974, we examined self-reported data on GU conditions among male offspring in relation to maternal serum PBB levels. We used generalized estimating equations to calculate odds ratios (ORs), controlling for gestational age at birth. Results: Of 464 sons, 33 reported any GU condition (13 hernias, 10 hydroceles, 9 cryptorchidism, 5 hypospadias, and 1 varicocele). Four reported both hernia and hydrocele, and one both hernia and cryptorchidism. After adjustment for gestational age at birth, sons of highly exposed women (> 5 ppb) were twice as likely to report any GU condition compared with sons of the least exposed women [ less than or equal to 1 ppb; OR = 2.0; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.8-5.1]. This risk was increased when we excluded sons born after the exposure but before the motheras serum PBB measurement (OR = 3.1; 95% CI, 1.0-9.1). We found evidence of a 3-fold increase in reported hernia or hydrocele among sons with higher PBB exposure (test of trend p-value = 0.04). Neither hypospadias nor cryptorchidism was individually associated with PBB exposure. Conclusions: Although cryptorchidism and hypospadias were not associated with in utero PBB exposure, this study suggests that other GU conditions may be associated with exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals during development.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Small, Chanley M
AU  - DeCaro, John J
AU  - Terrell, Metrecia L
AU  - Dominguez, Celia
AU  - Cameron, Lorraine L
AU  - Wirth, Julie
AU  - Marcus, Michele
AD  - Department of Epidemiology
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jul 2009
SP  - 1175
EP  - 1179
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 7
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - brominated flame retardant
KW  - cryptorchidism
KW  - genitourinary condition
KW  - hernia
KW  - hydrocele
KW  - hypospadias
KW  - polybrominated biphenyls
KW  - urogenital abnormalities
KW  - Chemicals
KW  - Age
KW  - Gestational age
KW  - Mathematical models
KW  - endocrine disruptors
KW  - Endocrine disruptors
KW  - males
KW  - Fire retardant chemicals
KW  - Intrauterine exposure
KW  - Development
KW  - Birth
KW  - Serum levels
KW  - Hernia
KW  - Progeny
KW  - Fire retardants
KW  - Cryptorchidism
KW  - offspring
KW  - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-05-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Serum levels; Birth; Mathematical models; Gestational age; polybrominated biphenyls; Endocrine disruptors; Hernia; Progeny; Development; Intrauterine exposure; Fire retardant chemicals; Cryptorchidism; Chemicals; Age; endocrine disruptors; males; Fire retardants; offspring
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0800058
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Beat
AN  - 21062999; 10989549
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Dooley, Erin E
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jul 2009
SP  - A294
EP  - A295
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 7
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts; Environmental Engineering Abstracts
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Thyroid-Disrupting Chemicals: Interpreting Upstream Biomarkers of Adverse Outcomes
AN  - 21062979; 10989520
AB  - Background There is increasing evidence in humans and in experimental animals for a relationship between exposure to specific environmental chemicals and perturbations in levels of critically important thyroid hormones (THs). Identification and proper interpretation of these relationships are required for accurate assessment of risk to public health. Objectives We review the role of TH in nervous system development and specific outcomes in adults, the impact of xenobiotics on thyroid signaling, the relationship between adverse outcomes of thyroid disruption and upstream causal biomarkers, and the societal implications of perturbations in thyroid signaling by xenobiotic chemicals. Data sources We drew on an extensive body of epidemiologic, toxicologic, and mechanistic studies. Data synthesis THs are critical for normal nervous system development, and decreased maternal TH levels are associated with adverse neuropsychological development in children. In adult humans, increased thyroid-stimulating hormone is associated with increased blood pressure and poorer blood lipid profiles, both risk factors for cardiovascular disease and death. These effects of thyroid suppression are observed even within the anormala range for the population. Environmental chemicals may affect thyroid homeostasis by a number of mechanisms, and multiple chemicals have been identified that interfere with thyroid function by each of the identified mechanisms. Conclusions Individuals are potentially vulnerable to adverse effects as a consequence of exposure to thyroid-disrupting chemicals. Any degree of thyroid disruption that affects TH levels on a population basis should be considered a biomarker of adverse outcomes, which may have important societal outcomes.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Miller, Mark D
AU  - Crofton, Kevin M
AU  - Rice, Deborah C
AU  - Zoeller, RThomas
AD  - Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Oakland, California, USA
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jul 2009
SP  - 1033
EP  - 1041
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 7
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - childrenas health
KW  - endocrine disruption
KW  - hazard identification
KW  - risk assessment
KW  - science policy
KW  - thyroid hormone
KW  - toxicologic assessments
KW  - Chemicals
KW  - Bioindicators
KW  - upstream
KW  - Lipids
KW  - Thyroid
KW  - Xenobiotics
KW  - Hormones
KW  - Side effects
KW  - Public health
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Thyroid-Disrupting+Chemicals%3A+Interpreting+Upstream+Biomarkers+of+Adverse+Outcomes&rft.au=Miller%2C+Mark+D%3BCrofton%2C+Kevin+M%3BRice%2C+Deborah+C%3BZoeller%2C+RThomas&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2009-07-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1033&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/10.1289%2Fehp.0800247
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bioindicators; Chemicals; upstream; Lipids; Thyroid; Xenobiotics; Hormones; Side effects; Public health
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0800247
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Nest height, nest concealment, and predator type predict nest predation in superb fairy-wrens (Malurus cyaneus)
AN  - 20810705; 10952751
AB  - Three factors and their interaction effects are increasingly recognized as important determinants of nest predation: nest concealment, nest height, and predator type. The risk of nest predation is predicted to vary across these variables because of nest detectability and accessibility. In general, however, few studies examine how these three variables interact in relation to nest predation, focusing instead on either nest concealment or nest height (whereby predator identity is usually not known). In this study, we examine the role of nest concealment and nest height for nest survival using both artificial and natural nests in the superb fairy-wren (Malurus cyaneus). We indirectly identified potential predators through marks left on artificial eggs and footprints left on tracking tunnels. Predation level at artificial nests was lower than at natural nests, and this could be due to a failure of some nest predators to locate cryptic nests in the absence of cues provided by parental activity. Our results supported the prediction that exposed and concealed nests have different levels of nest predation, which can be explained by variation in predator type. Visual predators were only detected at exposed nests, and survival from visual predators was lower for high nests that were also exposed. However, olfactory predators were detected irrespective of nest height or nest concealment. Because rodents use olfaction to locate nests, this could explain the lack of association between nest concealment and predation outcome at low nests. In addition, rodent footmarks near nests were significantly associated with rodent tooth marks on eggs.
JF  - Ecological Research
AU  - Colombelli-Negrel, Diane
AU  - Kleindorfer, Sonia
AD  - School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia, Sonia.Kleindorfer@flinders.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jul 2009
SP  - 921
EP  - 928
PB  - Springer-Verlag, 3-13 Hongo 3-chrome, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan, [mailto:orders@svt-ebs.com.jp], [URL:http://www.springer-ny.com]
VL  - 24
IS  - 4
SN  - 0912-3814, 0912-3814
KW  - Animal Behavior Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts
KW  - Teeth
KW  - Predation
KW  - Survival
KW  - Predators
KW  - nests
KW  - Tunnels
KW  - Nests
KW  - Eggs
KW  - predators
KW  - Malurus cyaneus
KW  - survival
KW  - rodents
KW  - Olfaction
KW  - Y 25040:Behavioral Ecology
KW  - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies
KW  - ENA 07:General
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-09-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-10-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Teeth; Predation; Survival; Predators; Tunnels; Olfaction; Eggs; Nests; nests; survival; rodents; predators; Malurus cyaneus
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11284-008-0569-y
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Skim milk compared with a fruit drink acutely reduces appetite and energy intake in overweight men and women
AN  - 20809606; 10906213
AB  - Background: Several studies show that proteins, including whey and casein, are more satiating than carbohydrates. It follows that skim milk would be more satiating than sugar-rich beverages. However, this has yet to be shown. Objective: The objective was to investigate the effects of drinking skim milk in comparison with a fruit drink at breakfast on self-reported postmeal satiety and energy intake at lunch. Design: In a randomized crossover trial, 34 overweight women (n = 21) and men (n = 13) attended 2 sessions 1 wk apart. At each session, participants consumed a fixed-energy breakfast together with either 600 mL skim milk (25 g protein, 36 g lactose, <1 g fat; 1062 kJ) or 600 mL fruit drink (<1 g protein, 63 g sugar, <1 g fat; -1062 kJ). Participants provided satiety ratings throughout the morning. Four hours after breakfast they consumed an ad libitum lunch, and energy intake was assessed. Results: Participants consumed significantly less energy at lunch after consuming skim milk (mean: 2432 kJ; 95% CI: 2160, 2704 kJ) than after consuming the fruit drink (mean: 2658 kJ; 95% CI: 2386, 2930 kJ), with a mean difference of -8.5% (P < 0.05). In addition, self-reports of satiety were higher throughout the morning after consumption of skim milk than after consumption of the fruit drink (P < 0.05) with the differences becoming larger over the 4 h (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Consumption of skim milk, in comparison with a fruit drink, leads to increased perceptions of satiety and to decreased energy intake at a subsequent meal.
JF  - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
AU  - Dove, E R
AU  - Hodgson, J M
AU  - Puddey, IB
AU  - Beilin, L J
AU  - Lee, Y P
AU  - Mori, T A
AD  - School of Medicine and Pharmacology, Royal Perth Hospital Unit, GPO Box X2213, Perth, WA 6847, Australia, emma.dove@uwa.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jul 2009
VL  - 90
IS  - 1
SN  - 0002-9165, 0002-9165
KW  - Physical Education Index
KW  - Obesity
KW  - Men
KW  - Perception
KW  - Women
KW  - Proteins
KW  - Carbohydrates
KW  - Nutrition
KW  - PE 030:Exercise, Health & Physical Fitness
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aphysicaleducation&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Clinical+Nutrition&rft.atitle=Skim+milk+compared+with+a+fruit+drink+acutely+reduces+appetite+and+energy+intake+in+overweight+men+and+women&rft.au=Dove%2C+E+R%3BHodgson%2C+J+M%3BPuddey%2C+IB%3BBeilin%2C+L+J%3BLee%2C+Y+P%3BMori%2C+T+A&rft.aulast=Dove&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2009-07-01&rft.volume=90&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Clinical+Nutrition&rft.issn=00029165&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Physical Education Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-09-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Obesity; Perception; Men; Women; Proteins; Carbohydrates; Nutrition
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Difficulties in Maintaining Improved Handwashing Behavior, Karachi, Pakistan
AN  - 20803382; 10902212
AB  - In an earlier study in Karachi, Pakistan, households that received free soap and handwashing promotion for 9 months reported 53% less diarrhea than controls. Eighteen months after the intervention ended, these households were enrolled in a follow-up study to assess sustainability of handwashing behavior. Upon re-enrollment, mothers in households originally assigned to the intervention were 1.5 times more likely to have a place with soap and water to wash hands (79% versus 53%, P = 0.001) and when asked to wash hands were 2.2 times more likely to rub their hands together at least three times (50% versus 23%, P = 0.002) compared with controls. In the ensuing 14 months, former intervention households reported a similar proportion of person-days with diarrhea (1.59% versus 1.88%, P = 0.66) as controls. Although intervention households showed better handwashing technique after 2 years without intervention, their soap purchases and diarrhea experience was not significantly different from controls.
JF  - American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
AU  - Luby, S P
AU  - Agboatwalla, M
AU  - Bowen, A
AU  - Kenah, E
AU  - Sharker, Y
AU  - Hoekstra, R M
AD  - International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh, GPO Box 128, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh, sluby@icddrb.org
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jul 2009
VL  - 81
IS  - 1
SN  - 0002-9637, 0002-9637
KW  - Sustainability Science Abstracts
KW  - households
KW  - Behavior
KW  - intervention
KW  - Pakistan, Sindh, Karachi
KW  - sustainability
KW  - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Tropical+Medicine+and+Hygiene&rft.atitle=Difficulties+in+Maintaining+Improved+Handwashing+Behavior%2C+Karachi%2C+Pakistan&rft.au=Luby%2C+S+P%3BAgboatwalla%2C+M%3BBowen%2C+A%3BKenah%2C+E%3BSharker%2C+Y%3BHoekstra%2C+R+M&rft.aulast=Luby&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2009-07-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Tropical+Medicine+and+Hygiene&rft.issn=00029637&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-09-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - households; Behavior; intervention; sustainability; Pakistan, Sindh, Karachi
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - New correlations predict aqueous solubility and density of carbon dioxide
AN  - 20682947; 10096001
AB  - In this paper, new correlations for predicting density and the solubility of carbon dioxide in pure water as well as the aqueous sodium chloride solutions are developed, where using the generated interaction parameters, the solubility model is applied to correlate the carbon dioxide solubilities in aqueous solutions for temperatures between 300 and 400 K and pressures from 50 to 700 bar. The correlation developed for predicting density of carbon dioxide accurately works for pressures between 25 and 700 bar and temperatures between 293 and 433 K. The results have been compared with the reported data and it was found that there is a good agreement between the prediction results and observed values.
JF  - International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control
AU  - Bahadori, Alireza
AU  - Vuthaluru, Hari B
AU  - Mokhatab, Saeid
AD  - Department of Chemical Engineering, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia, Alireza.bahadori@postgrad.curtin.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jul 2009
SP  - 474
EP  - 480
PB  - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl]
VL  - 3
IS  - 4
SN  - 1750-5836, 1750-5836
KW  - Environment Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION
KW  - ENA 01:Air Pollution
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-07-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-02-21
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Carbon dioxide
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2009.01.003
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Application of CFD modelling to investigate fluidized limestone reactors for the remediation of acidic drainage waters
AN  - 20679538; 10140219
AB  - To improve the efficiency of limestone utilization within a conical reactor, fluidization behaviour of solid-liquid flow is investigated using Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) modelling tools. Three- dimensional, unsteady state simulations using the Granular Eulerian multiphase approach are performed to determine dynamic characteristics of limestone particles within the reactor. The effect of inflow rate of water and limestone loading on flow properties are studied in several conical fluidized limestone reactor (FLR) configurations including a proposed up-scaled model. The results are validated using available lab- and pilot-scale measurements. To understand the influence of drag models on CFD modelling of FLRs, several widely used drag models (such as Gidaspow and Syamlal) available in literature are reviewed. Resulting hydrodynamics from such reviews are incorporated into the simulations, to extract the best suitable sub models. Results from such simulations are compared with lab-scale measurements to confirm the most suitable model parameters for testing the proposed (up-scaled) design of FLR. Experimentally validated Eulerian multiphase models formulated in the present work are of practical significance and highly useful for testing the scaling-up of limestone reactors.
JF  - Chemical Engineering Journal
AU  - Vuthaluru, Rupa
AU  - Tade, Moses
AU  - Vuthaluru, Hari
AU  - Tsvetnenko, Yuri
AU  - Evans, Louis
AU  - Milne, Jason
AD  - Curtin University of Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, GPO Box U198, Western Australia 6845, Australia, h.vuthaluru@exchange.curtin.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jul 2009
SP  - 162
EP  - 172
PB  - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl]
VL  - 149
IS  - 1-3
SN  - 1385-8947, 1385-8947
KW  - Environment Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts
KW  - CFD
KW  - Fluidized beds
KW  - Multiphase flow
KW  - Limestone reactors
KW  - Hydrodynamics
KW  - Limestone
KW  - Bioremediation
KW  - Simulation
KW  - Model Testing
KW  - Particulates
KW  - fluid dynamics
KW  - Model Studies
KW  - Drag
KW  - Efficiency
KW  - Reviews
KW  - Remediation
KW  - Drainage Water
KW  - Chemical Engineering
KW  - fluidization
KW  - AQ 00002:Water Quality
KW  - ENA 07:General
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-07-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Efficiency; Bioremediation; Limestone; Hydrodynamics; Reviews; Simulation; Particulates; fluidization; fluid dynamics; Remediation; Model Testing; Chemical Engineering; Drainage Water; Drag; Model Studies
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2008.10.014
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Synthesis of Prostaglandin E1 Phosphate Derivatives and Their Encapsulation in Biodegradable Nanoparticles
AN  - 20658219; 9409041
AB  - Purpose: Prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) is an effective treatment for peripheral vascular diseases. The encapsulation of PGE1 in nanoparticles for its sustained-release would improve its therapeutic effect and quality of life (QOL) of patients. Methods: In order to encapsulate PGE1 in nanoparticles prepared with a poly(lactide) homopolymer (PLA) and monomethoxy poly(ethyleneglycol)-PLA block copolymer (PEG-PLA), we synthesized a series of PGE1 phosphate derivatives and tested their efficacy. Results: Among them, PGE1 2-(phosphonooxy)ethyl ester sodium salt (C2) showed the most efficient hydrolysis to yield PGE1 in human serum. An in vitro platelet aggregation assay showed that C2 inhibited aggregation only after pre-incubation in serum, suggesting that C2 is a prodrug of PGE1. In vivo, intravenous administration of C2 caused increase in cutaneous blood flow. In the presence of zinc ions, all of the synthesized PGE1 phosphate derivatives could be encapsulated in PLA-nanoparticles. Use of l-PLA instead of d,l-PLA, and high molecular weight PLA resulted in a slower release of C2 from the nanoparticles. Conclusions: We consider that C2-encapsulated nanoparticles prepared with l-PLA and PEG-d,l-PLA have good sustained-release profile of PGE1, which is useful clinically.
JF  - Pharmaceutical Research
AU  - Takeda, Miho
AU  - Maeda, Taishi
AU  - Ishihara, Tsutomu
AU  - Sakamoto, Haruka
AU  - Yuki, Kanae
AU  - Takasaki, Naoko
AU  - Nishimura, Fumihiro
AU  - Yamashita, Takeshi
AU  - Tanaka, Ken-ichiro
AU  - Takenaga, Mitsuko
AU  - Igarashi, Rie
AU  - Higaki, Megumu
AU  - Yamakawa, Naoki
AU  - Okamoto, Yoshinari
AU  - Ogawa, Hisao
AU  - Otsuka, Masami
AU  - Mizushima, Yutaka
AU  - Mizushima, Tohru
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jul 2009
SP  - 1792
EP  - 1800
PB  - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17
VL  - 26
IS  - 7
SN  - 0724-8741, 0724-8741
KW  - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts
KW  - Ions
KW  - Intravenous administration
KW  - Phospholipase A
KW  - Platelet aggregation
KW  - Prostaglandin E1
KW  - Esters
KW  - Vascular diseases
KW  - Controlled release
KW  - Hydrolysis
KW  - Encapsulation
KW  - Sodium
KW  - Salts
KW  - prodrugs
KW  - Phosphate
KW  - Zinc
KW  - Copolymers
KW  - nanoparticles
KW  - Quality of life
KW  - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-06-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ions; Intravenous administration; Phospholipase A; Platelet aggregation; Prostaglandin E1; Esters; Hydrolysis; Controlled release; Vascular diseases; Encapsulation; Sodium; Salts; Phosphate; prodrugs; Zinc; Copolymers; nanoparticles; Quality of life
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11095-009-9891-5
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Human experience and product usability: Principles to assist the design of user-product interactions
AN  - 20654297; 9393404
AB  - This paper introduces research that investigates how human experience influences people's understandings of product usability. It describes an experiment that employs visual representation of concepts to elicit participants' ideas of a product's use. Results from the experiment lead to the identification of relationships between human experience, knowledge, and context-of-use - relationships that influence designers' and users' concepts of product usability. These relationships are translated into design principles that inform the design activity with respect to the aspects of experience that trigger people's understanding of a product's use. A design tool (ECEDT) is devised to aid designers in the application of these principles. This tool is then trialled in the context of a design task in order to verify applicability of the findings.
JF  - Applied Ergonomics
AU  - Chamorro-Koc, Marianella
AU  - Popovic, Vesna
AU  - Emmison, Michael
AD  - School of Design, Faculty of Built Environment, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George St GPO 2434 Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia, m.chamorro@qut.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jul 2009
SP  - 648
EP  - 656
PB  - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl]
VL  - 40
IS  - 4
SN  - 0003-6870, 0003-6870
KW  - Health & Safety Science Abstracts
KW  - Product design
KW  - Experience
KW  - Context-of-use.
KW  - Consumer products
KW  - Ergonomics
KW  - Design
KW  - H 10000:Ergonomics/Human Factors
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Consumer products; Ergonomics; Design
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2008.05.004
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Multiple component isolation in preparative multidimensional gas chromatography with characterisation by mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
AN  - 20084631; 10235897
AB  - The preparative scale isolation of multiple components from an essential oil matrix is described using multidimensional gas chromatography (prep-MDGC) which allows their further characterisation by mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Menthol, linalyl acetate, carvone and geraniol were isolated individually, and were also collected in various combinations. It was demonstrated to be possible to collect multiple selected components from numerous repeat injections of the sample, to permit increased mass recovery from an external cryotrap collection device. Peak retention times remained reproducible (<0.3 s) over the repeated injections and switching events. This methodology may be utilised to confirm peak identity or to produce unique mixed-component reference standards, for instance to allow their identification in other samples using GC/MS, or identify them in comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC x GC) analysis.
JF  - Journal of Chromatography A
AU  - Ruehle, Christian
AU  - Eyres, Graham T
AU  - Urban, Sylvia
AU  - Dufour, Jean-Pierre
AU  - Morrison, Paul D
AU  - Marriott, Philip J
AD  - Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Applied Sciences, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476V, Melbourne 3001, Australia, philip.marriott@rmit.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/07//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jul 2009
SP  - 5740
EP  - 5747
PB  - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/]
VL  - 1216
IS  - 30
SN  - 0021-9673, 0021-9673
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts
KW  - Multidimensional gas chromatography (MDGC)
KW  - Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy
KW  - Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS)
KW  - Cryogenic isolation
KW  - Reference standards
KW  - Preparative capillary gas chromatography
KW  - Essential oil
KW  - Geraniol
KW  - Gas chromatography
KW  - Magnetic resonance spectroscopy
KW  - Essential oils
KW  - N.M.R.
KW  - Linalyl acetate
KW  - Menthol
KW  - Spectroscopy
KW  - Carvone
KW  - Mass spectroscopy
KW  - X 24390:Radioactive Materials
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Geraniol; Gas chromatography; Magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Essential oils; N.M.R.; Menthol; Linalyl acetate; Spectroscopy; Carvone; Mass spectroscopy
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2009.06.006
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The U.S. Science and Technology Workforce
AN  - 58836768; 2008-396902
AB  - Global competition and rapid advances in science and technology will challenge the scientific and technical proficiency of the US workforce; and policymakers often discuss policy actions that could enhance the nation's science and technology (S&T) workforce -- deemed by some as essential to both meet US workforce demands as well as to generate the new ideas that lead to improved and new industries that create jobs. The America COMPETES Act (P.L. 110-69) addresses concerns regarding the S&T workforce and Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) education; and the 111th Congress is debating funding for the programs authorized within it. Tables, Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jun 30 2009, 13 pp.
AU  - Stine, Deborah D
AU  - Matthews, Christine M
Y1  - 2009/06/30/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 30
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Science and technology policy - Science and science policy and research
KW  - Science and technology policy - Technology and technology policy
KW  - Science and technology policy - Engineering
KW  - Labor conditions and policy - Work and labor
KW  - Labor conditions and policy - Employment and labor supply
KW  - United States
KW  - Engineering
KW  - Human capital
KW  - Skilled labor
KW  - Science
KW  - Labor
KW  - Technology
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL34539_20090630.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-10-02
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL34539
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Experimental observations of saltwater up-coning
AN  - 20868099; 9384106
AB  - The proper management of coastal aquifers commonly requires an understanding of the behaviour of saltwater plumes underlying production wells. The current understanding of saltwater up-coning (i.e. the pumping-induced rise in the freshwater-saltwater interface) is based predominantly on theoretical constructs of salinity and flow responses to groundwater pumping, plus a limited number of field-scale and laboratory investigations. There is a need to produce direct observations of saltwater up-coning, given the considerable and inherent uncertainties associated with the prediction of density-dependent flow and dispersive solute transport behaviour. In this study, time-series observations of saltwater up-coning were made using controlled sand-tank experiments of a two-dimensional aquifer cross-section. A range of mixed convection ratios was tested by invoking different groundwater abstraction rates and saltwater densities. The temporal development of up-coning was characterised in terms of the height of the interface apex, the width of the salt plume, and the salinity of the pumping well. Experimental results were compared to an existing sharp-interface analytical solution and close agreement was obtained for two of the cases. Higher freshwater-saltwater density differences and lower pumping appeared to induce the largest deviations from theoretical up-coning. Dispersive transport processes dominated during phases of near-well up-coning, causing gradual increases in pumped water salinity, although plumes became non-dispersive after the interface made contact with the bore. An interesting departure from the classical up-coning shape was obtained for the situation of highest saltwater density and lowest pumping, in which up-coning occurred as an almost horizontal interface for the majority of the experiment, eventually producing a double-apex shape as the interface neared the well. The experimental results could form a useful basis for the testing of density-dependent groundwater flow and transport models, since they offer controlled laboratory analogues of saltwater up-coning.
JF  - Journal of Hydrology (Amsterdam)
AU  - Werner, AD
AU  - Jakovovic, D
AU  - Simmons, C T
AD  - Physics and Earth Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia, adrian.werner@flinders.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/06/30/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 30
SP  - 230
EP  - 241
PB  - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl]
VL  - 373
IS  - 1-2
SN  - 0022-1694, 0022-1694
KW  - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts
KW  - Aquifers
KW  - Convection
KW  - Salinity variations
KW  - Interfaces
KW  - transport processes
KW  - Convection development
KW  - Current observations
KW  - Solutes
KW  - Salinity
KW  - Ground water
KW  - Hydrology
KW  - Pumping
KW  - Transport processes
KW  - Aquifer flow
KW  - Plumes
KW  - Laboratory experiments
KW  - Laboratory testing
KW  - Density
KW  - Laboratories
KW  - Groundwater flow
KW  - Production management
KW  - convection
KW  - Bore
KW  - Coastal zone management
KW  - Shape
KW  - Salts
KW  - Aquifer Testing
KW  - Groundwater
KW  - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies
KW  - SW 0880:Chemical processes
KW  - O 3010:Geology and Geophysics
KW  - Q2 09284:Hydrodynamics, wave, current and ice forces
KW  - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development
KW  - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries
KW  - Q5 08501:General
KW  - M2 556.3:Groundwater Hydrology (556.3)
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-06-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-05-27
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Convection; Solutes; Ground water; Hydrology; Production management; Transport processes; Pumping; Current observations; Coastal zone management; Aquifers; Salinity variations; Groundwater flow; Convection development; Aquifer flow; Laboratory experiments; Bore; Salts; Salinity; Laboratory testing; transport processes; convection; Groundwater; Plumes; Shape; Laboratories; Density; Interfaces; Aquifer Testing
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.05.004
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Wildland surface fire spread modelling, 1990-2007. 3: Simulation and mathematical analogue models
AN  - 899132433; 13812260
AB  - In recent years, advances in computational power have led to an increase in attempts to model the behaviour of wildland fires and to simulate their spread across landscape. The present series of articles endeavours to comprehensively survey and precis all types of surface fire spread models developed during the period 1990-2007. The present paper surveys models of a simulation or mathematical analogue nature. Most simulation models are implementations of existing empirical or quasi-empirical models and their primary function is to convert these generally one-dimensional models to two dimensions and then simulate the propagation of a fire perimeter across a modelled landscape. Mathematical analogue models are those that are based on some mathematical concept (rather than a physical representation of fire spread) that coincidentally represents the spread of fire. Other papers in the series survey models of a physical or quasi-physical nature, and empirical or quasi-empirical nature. Many models are extensions or refinements of models developed before 1990. Where this is the case, these models are also discussed but much less comprehensively.
JF  - International Journal of Wildland Fire
AU  - Sullivan, Andrew L
AD  - CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems and CSIRO Climate Adaptation Flagship, GPO Box 284, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia., andrew.sullivan@csiro.au
Y1  - 2009/06/29/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 29
SP  - 387
EP  - 403
PB  - CSIRO Publishing, PO Box 1139 Collingwood Vic. 3066 Australia
VL  - 18
IS  - 4
SN  - 1049-8001, 1049-8001
KW  - Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts
KW  - Fires
KW  - wildland fire
KW  - Landscape
KW  - Simulation
KW  - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development
KW  - ENA 08:International
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2011-10-01
N1  - Last updated - 2012-03-29
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fires; wildland fire; Landscape; Simulation
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/WF06144
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Wildland surface fire spread modelling, 1990-2007. 1: Physical and quasi-physical models
AN  - 899132429; 13812259
AB  - In recent years, advances in computational power have led to an increase in attempts to model the behaviour of wildland fires and to simulate their spread across the landscape. The present series of articles endeavours to comprehensively survey and precis all types of surface fire spread models developed during the period 1990-2007, providing a useful starting point for those readers interested in recent modelling activities. The current paper surveys models of a physical or quasi-physical nature. These models are based on the fundamental chemistry and physics, or physics alone, of combustion and fire spread. Other papers in the series review models of an empirical or quasi-empirical nature, and mathematical analogues and simulation models. Many models are extensions or refinements of models developed before 1990. Where this is the case, these models are also discussed but in much less detail.
JF  - International Journal of Wildland Fire
AU  - Sullivan, Andrew L
AD  - CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems and CSIRO Climate Adaptation Flagship, GPO Box 284, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia., andrew.sullivan@csiro.au
Y1  - 2009/06/29/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 29
SP  - 349
EP  - 368
PB  - CSIRO Publishing, PO Box 1139 Collingwood Vic. 3066 Australia
VL  - 18
IS  - 4
SN  - 1049-8001, 1049-8001
KW  - Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts
KW  - Fires
KW  - Landscape
KW  - Simulation
KW  - Combustion
KW  - wildland fire
KW  - Reviews
KW  - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development
KW  - ENA 08:International
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2011-10-01
N1  - Last updated - 2012-03-29
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fires; wildland fire; Reviews; Landscape; Simulation; Combustion
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/WF06143
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Wildland surface fire spread modelling, 1990-2007. 2: Empirical and quasi-empirical models
AN  - 899132425; 13812258
AB  - In recent years, advances in computational power have led to an increase in attempts to model the behaviour of wildland fires and to simulate their spread across landscape. The present series of articles endeavours to comprehensively survey and precis all types of surface fire spread models developed during the period 1990-2007. The current paper surveys models of an empirical or quasi-empirical nature. These models are based on the statistical analysis of experimentally obtained data with or without some physical framework for the basis of the relations. Other papers in the series review models of a physical or quasi-physical nature, and mathematical analogues and simulation models. The main relations of empirical models are those of wind speed and fuel moisture content with rate of forward spread. The focus of the discussion is on the treatment of the wind speed and fuel moisture functions by the models.
JF  - International Journal of Wildland Fire
AU  - Sullivan, Andrew L
AD  - CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems and CSIRO Climate Adaptation Flagship, GPO Box 284, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia., andrew.sullivan@csiro.au
Y1  - 2009/06/29/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 29
SP  - 369
EP  - 386
PB  - CSIRO Publishing, PO Box 1139 Collingwood Vic. 3066 Australia
VL  - 18
IS  - 4
SN  - 1049-8001, 1049-8001
KW  - Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts
KW  - Fires
KW  - Fuels
KW  - Landscape
KW  - Velocity
KW  - Simulation
KW  - wildland fire
KW  - Reviews
KW  - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development
KW  - ENA 08:International
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Wildland+Fire&rft.atitle=Wildland+surface+fire+spread+modelling%2C+1990-2007.+2%3A+Empirical+and+quasi-empirical+models&rft.au=Sullivan%2C+Andrew+L&rft.aulast=Sullivan&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2009-06-29&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=369&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Wildland+Fire&rft.issn=10498001&rft_id=info:doi/10.1071%2FWF06142
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2011-10-01
N1  - Last updated - 2012-03-29
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fires; wildland fire; Reviews; Fuels; Landscape; Simulation; Velocity
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/WF06142
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Spatial Modeling of PM10 and NO2 in the Continental United States, 1985-2000
AN  - 746001317; 12746838
AB  - Epidemiologic studies of air pollution have demonstrated a link between long-term air pollution exposures and mortality. However, many have been limited to city-specific average pollution measures or spatial or land-use regression exposure models in small geographic areas. Our objective was to develop nationwide models of annual exposure to particulate matter & 10 km in diameter (PM10) and nitrogen dioxide during 1985-2000. We used generalized additive models (GAMs) to predict annual levels of the pollutants using smooth spatial surfaces of available monitoring data and geographic information system-derived covariates. Model performance was determined using a cross-validation (CV) procedure with 10% of the data. We also compared the results of these models with a commonly used spatial interpolation, inverse distance weighting. For PM10, distance to road, elevation, proportion of low-intensity residential, high-intensity residential, and industrial, commercial, or transportation land use within 1 km were all statistically significant predictors of measured PM10 (model R2 = 0.49, CV R2 = 0.55). Distance to road, population density, elevation, land use, and distance to and emissions of the nearest nitrogen oxides-emitting power plant were all statistically significant predictors of measured NO2 (model R2 = 0.88, CV R2 = 0.90). The GAMs performed better overall than the inverse distance models, with higher CV R2 and higher precision. These models provide reasonably accurate and unbiased estimates of annual exposures for PM10 and NO2. This approach provides the spatial and temporal variability necessary to describe exposure in studies assessing the health effects of chronic air pollution.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Hart, Jaime E
AU  - Yanosky, Jeff D
AU  - Puett, Robin C
AU  - Ryan, Louise
AU  - Dockery, Douglas W
AU  - Smith, Thomas J
AU  - Garshick, Eric
AU  - Laden, Francine
AD  - Exposure, Epidemiology and Risk Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Y1  - 2009/06/29/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 29
SP  - 1690
EP  - 1696
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 1
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Population density
KW  - Pollution effects
KW  - Particulates
KW  - Nitrogen dioxide
KW  - spatial distribution
KW  - Transportation
KW  - Emissions
KW  - Power plants
KW  - Mortality
KW  - Land use
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - USA
KW  - Nitrogen
KW  - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION
KW  - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development
KW  - ENA 01:Air Pollution
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-05-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nitrogen dioxide; Air pollution; spatial distribution; Mortality; Transportation; Power plants; Population density; Emissions; Pollution effects; Particulates; Land use; Nitrogen; USA
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0900840
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - America COMPETES Act and the FY2010 Budget
AN  - 58845877; 2008-407224
AB  - The America COMPETES Act (P.L. 110-69) became law on August 9, 2007. The act is intended to increase the nation's investment in research and development (R&D), and in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education through focusing on two perceived concerns believed to influence future US competitiveness: inadequate R&D funding to generate sufficient technological progress and inadequate numbers of American students proficient in STEM or interested in STEM careers relative to other countries. Tables, Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jun 29 2009, 23 pp.
AU  - Stine, Deborah D
Y1  - 2009/06/29/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 29
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - Science and technology policy - Science and science policy and research
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Investments and securities
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Investments
KW  - Research and development
KW  - Economic development
KW  - Science policy
KW  - Legislation
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40519_20090629.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40519
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The Technology Innovation Program
AN  - 58844317; 2008-396911
AB  - The Technology Innovation Program (TIP) at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) was established in 2007 to replace the Advanced Technology Program (ATP). The elimination of ATP and the creation of TIP have renewed the debate over the role of the federal government in promoting commercial technology development: In arguing for less direct federal involvement, advocates believe that the market is superior to government in deciding technologies worthy of investment -- but supporters of direct methods assert that the government can serve as a catalyst for cooperation between the public and the private sectors. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jun 29 2009, 6 pp.
AU  - Schacht, Wendy H
Y1  - 2009/06/29/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 29
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Science and technology policy - Technology and technology policy
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - Government - Forms of government
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Technological innovations
KW  - Federal government
KW  - Standards
KW  - Legislation
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R522815_20090629.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-10-02
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RS22815
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Russia's Economic Performance and Policies and Their Implications for the United States
AN  - 58827951; 2008-396903
AB  - The Russian economy has been hit hard by the global financial crisis and recession, the effects of which have been readily apparent since the fourth quarter of 2008, bringing an abrupt end to the decade's long (1999-2008) economic growth. Russia's failure to complete important economic reforms and the government's penchant for re-asserting its control over key economic sectors limit economic growth rates -- however, Russia remains a formidable force on the global stage, its influence seems to be growing, and its economy is large enough to influence global economic conditions. Tables, Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jun 29 2009, 23 pp.
AU  - Cooper, William H
Y1  - 2009/06/29/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 29
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - International relations - International relations
KW  - United States
KW  - Economic development
KW  - Economic policy
KW  - Russian Federation
KW  - Foreign relations
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL34512_20090629.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-10-02
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL34512
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Protecting the U.S. Perimeter: Border Searches under the Fourth Amendment
AN  - 58822316; 2008-407225
AB  - Derived from the sovereign right to stop and examine persons and property crossing into the country, border searches allow customs officials the flexibility to inspect incoming individuals and their belongings and to interdict incoming contraband without having to inform a magistrate before the search. Two different legal concepts authorize such searches: (1) searches at the functional equivalent of the border and (2) extended border searches. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jun 29 2009, 21 pp.
AU  - Kim, Yule
Y1  - 2009/06/29/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 29
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Government - Nation state
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Public safety and security
KW  - Law and ethics - Criminal law
KW  - Administration of justice - Police and law enforcement
KW  - Human rights - Civil and political rights
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Property and wealth
KW  - Searches and seizures
KW  - Security measures
KW  - Privacy
KW  - Border areas
KW  - Property
KW  - United States Constitution Fourth amendment
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL31826_20090629.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL31826
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Canada's Financial System: an Overview
AN  - 58830981; 2008-396912
AB  - This report presents an overview of Canada's financial system and its supervisory framework and draws some distinctions between that system and the current US framework. Canada's financial system seems to be more resistant to the failures and bailouts that have marked banks in the US and Europe; however, the smaller scope of Canada's financial system and its economy likely lessen the transferability of systems or procedures used in Canada to the vastly more complex US financial system. Tables, Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jun 26 2009, 12 pp.
AU  - Jackson, James K
Y1  - 2009/06/26/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 26
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Business and service sector - Business finance
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic conditions
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Banking operations and services
KW  - Finance
KW  - Canada
KW  - Europe
KW  - Regulation
KW  - Banking
KW  - Economic conditions
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40687_20090626.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-10-02
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40687
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Millennium Challenge Corporation
AN  - 58830653; 2008-396913
AB  - The Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) provides assistance through a competitive selection process to developing nations that are pursuing political and economic reforms in three areas: ruling justly, investing in people, and fostering economic freedom. A growing question raised by some Members of Congress concerns the level of funding to support MCC programs: Some fear that insufficient funds might force the MCC to reduce the number of recipients or the size of the grants, while others support reductions in the MCC budget, disturbed by the slower-than anticipated pace of Compact agreements and lack of concrete results to date. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jun 26 2009, 31 pp.
AU  - Tarnoff, Curt
Y1  - 2009/06/26/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 26
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - International relations - International relief and humanitarian assistance
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - Business and service sector - Business and business enterprises
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Public finance
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Corporations
KW  - Economic policy
KW  - Economic assistance
KW  - Budget, Government
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL32427_20090626.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-10-02
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL32427
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Veterans and Homelessness
AN  - 58826361; 2008-407226
AB  - The current conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan have brought renewed attention to the needs of veterans, including the needs of homeless veterans, and this report discusses concerns for their vulnerability. The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) estimates that it has served approximately 916 returning veterans in its homeless programs and has identified over 2,986 more as being at risk of homelessness; and Congress has created numerous programs that serve homeless veterans specifically, almost all of which are funded through the Veterans Health Administration. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jun 26 2009, 29 pp.
AU  - Perl, Libby
Y1  - 2009/06/26/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 26
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military personnel and veterans
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Social conditions and problems
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Health and health policy
KW  - Veterans
KW  - United States Veterans affairs department
KW  - Health policy
KW  - Afghanistan
KW  - Iraq
KW  - Homelessness
KW  - Armed forces
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL34024_20090626.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL34024
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Defense Logistical Support Contracts in Iraq and Afghanistan: Issues for Congress
AN  - 58840768; 2008-396916
AB  - This report examines logistical support contracts for troop support services in Iraq and Afghanistan (for Afghanistan, beginning with LOGCAP IV) administered through the US Army's Logistics Civil Augmentation Program (LOGCAP). Congress is concerned about the Federal oversight and management of Department of Defense (DOD) contracting in Iraq and Afghanistan, particularly under programs like LOGCAP, which have shown a lack of accountability for large sums of money spent for Iraq contracts and has required significant costs through contractor insurance premiums through the Defense Base Act (DBA). Tables, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jun 24 2009, 33 pp.
AU  - Grasso, Valerie Bailey
Y1  - 2009/06/24/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 24
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Government - Internal security
KW  - Law and ethics - Criminal law
KW  - Law and ethics - Commercial law
KW  - Law and ethics - Public law
KW  - United States Army
KW  - Afghanistan
KW  - Contracts, Government
KW  - Surveillance
KW  - Internal security
KW  - Iraq
KW  - book
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Grasso%2C+Valerie+Bailey&rft.aulast=Grasso&rft.aufirst=Valerie&rft.date=2009-06-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Defense+Logistical+Support+Contracts+in+Iraq+and+Afghanistan%3A+Issues+for+Congress&rft.title=Defense+Logistical+Support+Contracts+in+Iraq+and+Afghanistan%3A+Issues+for+Congress&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL33834_20090624.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-10-02
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL33834
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The Financial Crisis: Impact on and Response by the European Union
AN  - 58837204; 2008-396915
AB  - In the wake of the global economic crisis, the US and the EU will likely search for a regulatory scheme that provides for greater international stability while not inadvertently offering advantages to any one country or group. Throughout the crisis, the European Central Bank and other central banks have assumed a critical role; yet, governments that have expended considerable resources utilizing fiscal and monetary policy tools to stabilize the financial system and boost their economies may be required to be increasingly more inventive in providing yet more stimulus while facing domestic political unrest. Tables, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jun 24 2009, 36 pp.
AU  - Jackson, James K
Y1  - 2009/06/24/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 24
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - International relations - Regional organizations
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Banking operations and services
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Central banks
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Public finance
KW  - Central banks
KW  - European Union
KW  - Monetary policy
KW  - European central bank
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58837204?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Jackson%2C+James+K&rft.aulast=Jackson&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2009-06-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+Financial+Crisis%3A+Impact+on+and+Response+by+the+European+Union&rft.title=The+Financial+Crisis%3A+Impact+on+and+Response+by+the+European+Union&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40415_20090624.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-10-02
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40415
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - United States Fire Administration: An Overview
AN  - 58837740; 2008-396918
AB  - The US Fire Administration (USFA) -- which includes the National Fire Academy (NFA) -- is currently an entity within the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS). The objective of the USFA is to significantly reduce the nation's loss of life from fire, while also achieving a reduction in property loss and non-fatal injury due to fire; and in the 111th Congress, debate over the USFA budget focuses on whether it is receiving sufficient funding and the viability and status of the USFA and National Fire Academy within DHS. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jun 23 2009, 6 pp.
AU  - Kruger, Lennard G
Y1  - 2009/06/23/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 23
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Environment and environmental policy - Weather, climate, and natural disasters
KW  - Business and service sector - Business management
KW  - United States
KW  - Fires
KW  - Management
KW  - Emergency preparedness
KW  - United States Federal emergency management agency
KW  - book
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Kruger%2C+Lennard+G&rft.aulast=Kruger&rft.aufirst=Lennard&rft.date=2009-06-23&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=United+States+Fire+Administration%3A+An+Overview&rft.title=United+States+Fire+Administration%3A+An+Overview&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RS20071_20090623.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-10-02
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RS20071
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The 2009 Influenza Pandemic: U.S. Responses to Global Human Cases
AN  - 58824775; 2008-396917
AB  - The strain of H1N1 circulating the globe is treatable with two antiviral drugs, oseltamivir (brand name Tamiflu) and zanamivir (brand name Relenza), though there is no available vaccine. WHO maintains a global stockpile of approximately 5 million adult treatment courses of oseltamivir donated by manufacturers and donor countries, and the US had provided more than 16 million dollars to assist countries responding to H1N1 outbreaks; however, some health experts are concerned that poorer countries may not yet have the capacity to sufficiently monitor and respond to H1N1, and others warn that H1N1 transmission might accelerate in winter months. Tables, Figures, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jun 23 2009, 16 pp.
AU  - Salaam-Blyther, Tiaji
Y1  - 2009/06/23/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 23
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Diseases and disorders
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Medicine and health care
KW  - International relations - International organizations
KW  - United States
KW  - Influenza
KW  - Epidemiology
KW  - Emergency preparedness
KW  - World health organization
KW  - Communicable diseases
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40588_20090623.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-10-02
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40588
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Nanotechnology and in Situ Remediation: A Review of the Benefits and Potential Risks
AN  - 1677955829; 12747608
AB  - Although industrial sectors involving semiconductors; memory and storage technologies; display, optical, and photonic technologies; energy; biotechnology; and health care produce the most products that contain nanomaterials, nanotechnology is also used as an environmental technology to protect the environment through pollution prevention, treatment, and cleanup. In this review, we focus on environmental cleanup and provide a background and overview of current practice; research findings; societal issues; potential environment, health, and safety implications; and future directions for nanoremediation. We do not present an exhaustive review of chemistry/engineering methods of the technology but rather an introduction and summary of the applications of nanotechnology in remediation. We also discuss nanoscale zerovalent iron in detail. We searched the Web of Science for research studies and accessed recent publicly available reports from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and other agencies and organizations that addressed the applications and implications associated with nanoremediation techniques. We also conducted personal interviews with practitioners about specific site remediations. We aggregated information from 45 sites, a representative portion of the total projects under way, to show nanomaterials used, types of pollutants addressed, and organizations responsible for each site. Nanoremediation has the potential not only to reduce the overall costs of cleaning up large-scale contaminated sites but also to reduce cleanup time, eliminate the need for treatment and disposal of contaminated soil, and reduce some contaminant concentrations to near zero-all in situ. Proper evaluation of nanoremediation, particularly full-scale ecosystem-wide studies, needs to be conducted to prevent any potential adverse environmental impacts.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Karn, Barbara
AU  - Kuiken, Todd
AU  - Otto, Martha
AD  - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA
Y1  - 2009/06/23/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 23
SP  - 1813
EP  - 1831
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 2
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE)
KW  - environmental implications
KW  - environmental technology
KW  - hazardous wastes
KW  - nano-remediation
KW  - nanotechnology
KW  - pollutants
KW  - remediation
KW  - toxicity
KW  - waste sites
KW  - zerovalent iron
KW  - Nanomaterials
KW  - Remediation
KW  - Nanocomposites
KW  - Semiconductors
KW  - Health
KW  - Nanostructure
KW  - Nanotechnology
KW  - Cleaning
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-06-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-05-18
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0900793
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Association between Local Traffic-Generated Air Pollution and Preeclampsia and Preterm Delivery in the South Coast Air Basin of California
AN  - 1677947659; 12747253
AB  - Preeclampsia is a major complication of pregnancy that can lead to substantial maternal and perinatal morbidity, mortality, and preterm birth. Increasing evidence suggests that air pollution adversely affects pregnancy outcomes. Yet few studies have examined how local traffic-generated emissions affect preeclampsia in addition to preterm birth. We examined effects of residential exposure to local traffic-generated air pollution on preeclampsia and preterm delivery (PTD). We identified 81,186 singleton birth records from four hospitals (1997-2006) in Los Angeles and Orange Counties, California (USA). We used a line-source dispersion model (CALINE4) to estimate individual exposure to local traffic-generated nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter & 2.5 km in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5) across the entire pregnancy. We used logistic regression to estimate effects of air pollution exposures on preeclampsia, PTD (gestational age & 37 weeks), moderate PTD (MPTD; gestational age & 35 weeks), and very PTD (VPTD; gestational age & 30 weeks). We observed elevated risks for preeclampsia and preterm birth from maternal exposure to local traffic-generated NOx and PM2.5. The risk of preeclampsia increased 33% [odds ratio (OR) = 1.33; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.18-1.49] and 42% (OR = 1.42; 95% CI, 1.26-1.59) for the highest NOx and PM2.5 exposure quartiles, respectively. The risk of VPTD increased 128% (OR = 2.28; 95% CI, 2.15-2.42) and 81% (OR = 1.81; 95% CI, 1.71-1.92) for women in the highest NOx and PM2.5 exposure quartiles, respectively. Exposure to local traffic-generated air pollution during pregnancy increases the risk of preeclampsia and preterm birth in Southern California women. These results provide further evidence that air pollution is associated with adverse reproductive outcomes.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Wu, Jun
AU  - Ren, Cizao
AU  - Delfino, Ralph J
AU  - Chung, Judith
AU  - Wilhelm, Michelle
AU  - Ritz, Beate
AD  - Program in Public Health, College of Health Sciences and
Y1  - 2009/06/23/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 23
SP  - 1773
EP  - 1779
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 1
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE)
KW  - air pollution
KW  - nitrogen oxides
KW  - particulate matter
KW  - preeclampsia
KW  - pregnancy outcome
KW  - preterm birth
KW  - vehicle emission
KW  - Birth
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Risk
KW  - Estimates
KW  - Age
KW  - PTD
KW  - Quartiles
KW  - Pregnancy
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Association+between+Local+Traffic-Generated+Air+Pollution+and+Preeclampsia+and+Preterm+Delivery+in+the+South+Coast+Air+Basin+of+California&rft.au=Wu%2C+Jun%3BRen%2C+Cizao%3BDelfino%2C+Ralph+J%3BChung%2C+Judith%3BWilhelm%2C+Michelle%3BRitz%2C+Beate&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=Jun&rft.date=2009-06-23&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1773&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/10.1289%2Fehp.0800334
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-06-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-05-04
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0800334
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - National Flood Insurance Program: Background, Challenges, and Financial Status
AN  - 58837628; 2008-396919
AB  - The National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) addresses the nation's flood exposure and challenges inherent in financing and managing flood risks in the private sector, but with unprecedented losses in 2005 from Hurricanes Katrina and Rita, the 2008 Midwest flood, and Hurricanes Ike and Gustav, the NFIP incurred tens of billions of dollars in claims. The 111th Congress may choose to consider legislative options to reauthorize and reform the NFIP to make it actuarially sound, ensure its long-term financial solvency, and adequately identify areas at risk of flood losses, as well as consider several other flood insurance-related bills. Tables, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jun 22 2009, 25 pp.
AU  - King, Rawle O
Y1  - 2009/06/22/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 22
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Environment and environmental policy - Weather, climate, and natural disasters
KW  - Business and service sector - Insurance
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Public safety and security
KW  - Law and ethics - Liability, torts, and personal injury
KW  - United States
KW  - Risk
KW  - Hurricanes
KW  - Claims
KW  - Floods
KW  - Insurance
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40650_20090622.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-10-02
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40650
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The DHS Directorate of Science and Technology: Key Issues for Congress
AN  - 58832560; 2008-407227
AB  - The Directorate of Science and Technology is the primary organization for research and development (R&D) in the Department of Homeland Security (DHS); and with an appropriated budget of 932.6 million dollars in FY2009, it conducts R&D in several laboratories of its own and funds R&D conducted by other government agencies, the Department of Energy national laboratories, industry, and universities. In the past, some Members of Congress and other observers have been highly critical of the directorate's performance; and although management changes have somewhat muted this criticism in recent years, fundamental issues remain. Tables, Figures, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jun 22 2009, 52 pp.
AU  - Shea, Dana A
AU  - Morgan, Daniel
Y1  - 2009/06/22/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 22
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Science and technology policy - Science and science policy and research
KW  - Government - Government agencies and bodies
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Technology policy
KW  - United States Homeland security department
KW  - Research and development
KW  - Laboratories
KW  - Appropriations and expenditures
KW  - Government agencies
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL34356_20090622.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL34356
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Carbon Capture and Sequestration (CCS)
AN  - 58849979; 2008-407229
AB  - Carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) has attracted interest as a measure for mitigating global climate change because large amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) emitted from fossil fuel are potentially available to be captured and stored underground or prevented from reaching the atmosphere -- however, large pipeline infrastructure for transporting CO2 could be very costly, and considerable uncertainty remains over how large quantities of injected CO2 would be permanently stored underground. To help resolve these uncertainties, DOE has initiated large-scale CO2 injection tests in a variety of geologic reservoirs that are to take place over the next several years. Tables, Figures, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jun 19 2009, 27 pp.
AU  - Folger, Peter
Y1  - 2009/06/19/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 19
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Environment and environmental policy - Weather, climate, and natural disasters
KW  - Environment and environmental policy - Ecology and environmental policy
KW  - Environment and environmental policy - Wastes and waste management
KW  - Environment and environmental policy - Buildings and structures
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - Energy resources and policy - Energy policy
KW  - Energy resources and policy - Petroleum and natural gas industries and products
KW  - United States
KW  - Infrastructure
KW  - Underground storage
KW  - Fossil fuels
KW  - Waste disposal in the ground
KW  - Climate
KW  - Pipelines
KW  - Environmental policy
KW  - book
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Folger%2C+Peter&rft.aulast=Folger&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2009-06-19&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Carbon+Capture+and+Sequestration+%28CCS%29&rft.title=Carbon+Capture+and+Sequestration+%28CCS%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL33801_20090619.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL33801
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Instability in Chad
AN  - 58846700; 2008-396885
AB  - Ethnic clashes, banditry, and fighting between government forces and rebel groups, both Chadian and Sudanese, have created a fragile security situation in Chad, and over 323,000 refugees from the Central African Republic (CAR) and Sudan's Darfur region have fled violence in their own countries and now live in refugee camps in eastern and southern Chad. The United Nations (UN) and the European Union (EU) deployed a multidimensional presence in Chad and the CAR in late 2007; and the UN mission, known as MINURCAT, assumed peacekeeping operations from the EU force in March 2009, but continues to face logistical challenges in its deployment. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jun 19 2009, 7 pp.
AU  - Ploch, Lauren
Y1  - 2009/06/19/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 19
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Government - Internal security
KW  - Population groups, population policy, and demographics - Refugees
KW  - Politics - Political dissent and internal conflict
KW  - Political violence
KW  - Chad
KW  - Sudan
KW  - Refugees
KW  - Internal security
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RS22798_20090619.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-11-02
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RS22798
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Judge Sonia Sotomayor: Analysis of Selected Opinions
AN  - 58831462; 2010-442650
AB  - To fulfill its constitutional "advice and consent" function of President Obama nomination of Judge Sonia Sotomayor as a Supreme Court Justice, the Senate will consider Judge Sotomayor's extensive record, compiled from years as a lawyer, prosecutor, district court judge, and appellate court judge, to better understand her legal approaches and judicial philosophy. This report provides an analysis of selected opinions authored by Judge Sotomayor during her tenure as a judge on the Second Circuit. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jun 19 2009, 55 pp.
AU  - Henning, Anna C
AU  - Thomas, Kenneth R
Y1  - 2009/06/19/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 19
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Administration of justice - Legal profession and occupations
KW  - Politics - Elections and voting
KW  - Obama, Barack
KW  - United States Supreme court
KW  - Sotomayor, Sonia Maria
KW  - Nominations
KW  - Judges
KW  - book
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Henning%2C+Anna+C%3BThomas%2C+Kenneth+R&rft.aulast=Henning&rft.aufirst=Anna&rft.date=2009-06-19&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Judge+Sonia+Sotomayor%3A+Analysis+of+Selected+Opinions&rft.title=Judge+Sonia+Sotomayor%3A+Analysis+of+Selected+Opinions&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40649_20090619.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40649
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The Labor Market during the Great Depression and the Current Recession
AN  - 58823030; 2008-407228
AB  - A good deal of commentary has addressed similarities between the recession that began in December 2007 and the Great Depression, and comparisons between the two have extended beyond conditions in financial markets to conditions in the labor market. This report analyzes the experiences of workers during the 1930s, which encompassed the almost five years of the Great Depression, and compares the labor market conditions of the 1930s with those encountered by workers thus far during the nation's eleventh recession of the post-World War II period. Tables, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jun 19 2009, 26 pp.
AU  - Levine, Linda
Y1  - 2009/06/19/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 19
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Labor conditions and policy - Work and labor
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic conditions
KW  - Labor conditions and policy - Employment and labor supply
KW  - Labor conditions and policy - Labor policy and labor law
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Social sciences and social scientists
KW  - Social conditions and policy - History
KW  - United States
KW  - Unemployment relief
KW  - History
KW  - Business depression
KW  - Economic conditions
KW  - Labor
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40655_20090619.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40655
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Pharmacokinetics of single and repeated injection of hemoglobin-vesicles in hemorrhagic shock rat model
AN  - 20639318; 9364861
AB  - Hemoglobin-vesicles (HbV) are liposomal artificial oxygen carriers that may be useful as a resuscitation fluid during hemorrhagic shock (HS). It is well-known that the pharmacokinetic properties of liposome change in response to both pathological conditions and repeated administration. Therefore, we compared the pharmacokinetics of single versus repeated administration of HbV during HS. HS was induced by withdrawal of 40+ACU- of total blood volume. The normal (non-HS) and HS+AFs-sub+AF0-1 group was received an injection of +AFs-super+AF0-125I- labeled HbV (+AFs-super+AF0-125I-HbV). The HS+AFs-sub+AF0-2 group was resuscitated with non- labeled HbV, and 1 h later, it received an injection of +AFs-super+AF0-125I-HbV. The half-life was shorter in HS+AFs-sub+AF0-1 rats, but it returned to non-HS levels after the second HbV injection. During 12 h after administration of HbV, tissue distribution of HbV was greatest in the HS+AFs-sub+AF0-1 group+ADs- however, the HS+AFs-sub+AF0-2 group had the greatest tissue distribution at subsequent time points. Excretion into urine, major elimination pathway, did not differ between non-HS and HS+AFs-sub+AF0-1 rats, but was significantly reduced in the HS+AFs-sub+AF0-2 group. Furthermore, the half-life of HbV in humans was estimated to be approximately 3-4 days using an allometric equation. This suggests that HbV may be a useful artificial oxygen carrier in HS based on HbV pharmacokinetics.
JF  - Journal of Controlled Release
AU  - Taguchi, Kazuaki
AU  - Maruyama, Toru
AU  - Iwao, Yasunori
AU  - Sakai, Hiromi
AU  - Kobayashi, Koichi
AU  - Horinouchi, Hirohisa
AU  - Tsuchida, Eishun
AU  - Kai, Toshiya
AU  - Otagiri, Masaki
AD  - Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan, otagirim+AEA-gpo.kumamoto-u.ac.jp
Y1  - 2009/06/19/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 19
SP  - 232
EP  - 239
PB  - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl]
VL  - 136
IS  - 3
SN  - 0168-3659, 0168-3659
KW  - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts
KW  - Liposome
KW  - Oxygen carrier
KW  - Hemorrhagic shock
KW  - Accelerated blood clearance (ABC) phenomenon
KW  - Extrapolation.
KW  - Oxygen
KW  - Blood
KW  - Mathematical models
KW  - Hepatitis B virus
KW  - Shock
KW  - Urine
KW  - Excretion
KW  - Hemorrhage
KW  - Controlled release
KW  - Liposomes
KW  - Pharmacokinetics
KW  - W 30915:Pharmaceuticals & Vaccines
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20639318?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Controlled+Release&rft.atitle=Pharmacokinetics+of+single+and+repeated+injection+of+hemoglobin-vesicles+in+hemorrhagic+shock+rat+model&rft.au=Taguchi%2C+Kazuaki%3BMaruyama%2C+Toru%3BIwao%2C+Yasunori%3BSakai%2C+Hiromi%3BKobayashi%2C+Koichi%3BHorinouchi%2C+Hirohisa%3BTsuchida%2C+Eishun%3BKai%2C+Toshiya%3BOtagiri%2C+Masaki&rft.aulast=Taguchi&rft.aufirst=Kazuaki&rft.date=2009-06-19&rft.volume=136&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=232&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Controlled+Release&rft.issn=01683659&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jconrel.2009.02.009
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-06-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Blood; Oxygen; Mathematical models; Shock; Urine; Excretion; Hemorrhage; Liposomes; Controlled release; Pharmacokinetics; Hepatitis B virus
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2009.02.009
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - House Resolutions of Inquiry
AN  - 58847342; 2008-407151
AB  - The resolution of inquiry is a simple House resolution that seeks factual information from the executive branch; and this report explains the history, procedure, specific uses of resolutions of inquiry, and notes recent increases in their usage. The examples in this report demonstrate that, historically, even when a resolution of inquiry is reported adversely from a committee and tabled on the floor, it has frequently led to the release of a substantial amount of information from the Administration. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jun 17 2009, 22 pp.
AU  - Davis, Christopher M
Y1  - 2009/06/17/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 17
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - Government - Intergovernmental relations
KW  - Government - Public officials
KW  - Government - Executive power
KW  - Law and ethics - Criminal law
KW  - Government - Internal security
KW  - Presidents
KW  - United States House of representatives
KW  - Executive power
KW  - Intergovernmental relations
KW  - Surveillance
KW  - Legislation
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58847342?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Davis%2C+Christopher+M&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2009-06-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=House+Resolutions+of+Inquiry&rft.title=House+Resolutions+of+Inquiry&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL31909_20090617.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL31909
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - East Timor: Political Dynamics, Development, and International Involvement
AN  - 58826807; 2008-407150
AB  - The situation in the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, or East Timor, is relatively calm compared with recent periods of political strife and insurrection, but some underlying tensions remain, such as with the security sector, the need for economic development, building state capacity and infrastructure for resources from the Timor Sea, the reintegration of Internally Displaced Persons (IDP), and sustained support by the international community. Congressional concerns have focused on security and the role of the United Nations, human rights, and East Timor's boundary disputes with Australia and Indonesia. Tables, Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jun 17 2009, 26 pp.
AU  - Margesson, Rhoda
AU  - Vaughn, Bruce
Y1  - 2009/06/17/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 17
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Government - Internal security
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Social conditions and problems
KW  - International relations - International organizations
KW  - Human rights - Human rights promotion and violations
KW  - Government - Nation state
KW  - International relations - International relations
KW  - Population groups, population policy, and demographics - Migrants and migration
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - Infrastructure
KW  - Human rights
KW  - Social conditions
KW  - Boundary disputes
KW  - East Timor
KW  - Internally displaced persons
KW  - United Nations
KW  - Government and politics
KW  - Internal security
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58826807?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Margesson%2C+Rhoda%3BVaughn%2C+Bruce&rft.aulast=Margesson&rft.aufirst=Rhoda&rft.date=2009-06-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=East+Timor%3A+Political+Dynamics%2C+Development%2C+and+International+Involvement&rft.title=East+Timor%3A+Political+Dynamics%2C+Development%2C+and+International+Involvement&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL33994_20090617.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL33994
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The President Should Properly Classify Harmful Detainee Photos: Tangible Manifestation of a Commitment to Ensure the Photos Are Not Released
AN  - 742953861; 2010-503719
AB  - In his first Memorial Day speech, President Obama promised that he would always provide US troops with the equipment and support they need. The commanders in the field want to be protected from the threats that would likely attend the release of certain photographs; and to this end, the President should classify the photos as a tangible manifestation of his commitment to both the troops that he will provide them what they need, and to the Congress that he will take every step available to him to ensure the photos are not released. Tables.
JF  - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee, Jun 16 2009, 5 pp.
AU  - United States Senate Republican Policy Committee
Y1  - 2009/06/16/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 16
PB  - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee
KW  - Human rights - Human rights promotion and violations
KW  - Administration of justice - Prisoners and correctional facilities and personnel
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military personnel and veterans
KW  - Media - Mass media
KW  - Government - Information policy
KW  - Government - Internal security
KW  - Science and technology policy - Photography
KW  - Administration of justice - Crime and criminals
KW  - Threats
KW  - United States
KW  - Obama, Barack
KW  - Detention of persons
KW  - Photography
KW  - Security classification (government documents)
KW  - Prisoners
KW  - Mass media
KW  - Armed forces
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/742953861?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=United+States+Senate+Republican+Policy+Committee&rft.aulast=United+States+Senate+Republican+Policy+Committee&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2009-06-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+President+Should+Properly+Classify+Harmful+Detainee+Photos%3A+Tangible+Manifestation+of+a+Commitment+to+Ensure+the+Photos+Are+Not+Released&rft.title=The+President+Should+Properly+Classify+Harmful+Detainee+Photos%3A+Tangible+Manifestation+of+a+Commitment+to+Ensure+the+Photos+Are+Not+Released&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://rpc.senate.gov/public/_files/061609ClassifyDetaineePhotosms.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-05-10
N1  - Publication note - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee, 2009
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Chronic Fine and Coarse Particulate Exposure, Mortality, and Coronary Heart Disease in the Nurses' Health Study
AN  - 746076839; 12746762
AB  - The relationship of fine particulate matter & 2.5 km in diameter (PM2.5) air pollution with mortality and cardiovascular disease is well established, with more recent long-term studies reporting larger effect sizes than earlier long-term studies. Some studies have suggested the coarse fraction, particles between 2.5 and 10 km (PM10-2.5), may also be important. With respect to mortality and cardiovascular events, questions remain regarding the relative strength of effect sizes for chronic exposure to fine and coarse particles. We examined the relationship of chronic PM2.5 and PM10-2.5 exposures with all-cause mortality and fatal and nonfatal incident coronary heart disease (CHD), adjusting for time-varying covariates. The current study included women from the Nurses' Health Study living in metropolitan areas of the northeastern and midwestern United States. Follow-up was from 1992 to 2002. We used geographic information systems-based spatial smoothing models to estimate monthly exposures at each participant's residence. We found increased risk of all-cause mortality [hazard ratio (HR), 1.26; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.02-1.54] and fatal CHD (HR = 2.02; 95% CI, 1.07-3.78) associated with each 10-kg/m3 increase in annual PM2.5 exposure. The association between fatal CHD and PM10-2.5 was weaker. Our findings contribute to growing evidence that chronic PM2.5 exposure is associated with risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Puett, Robin C
AU  - Hart, Jaime E
AU  - Yanosky, Jeff D
AU  - Paciorek, Christopher
AU  - Schwartz, Joel
AU  - Suh, Helen
AU  - Speizer, Frank E
AU  - Laden, Francine
AD  - South Carolina Cancer Prevention and Control Program and
Y1  - 2009/06/15/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 15
SP  - 1702
EP  - 1706
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 1
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Pollution Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts
KW  - air pollution
KW  - cardiovascular disease
KW  - mortality
KW  - particulate matter
KW  - Particle size
KW  - Mortality
KW  - Environmental health
KW  - Pollution effects
KW  - Particulates
KW  - Medical personnel
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - USA
KW  - Cardiovascular diseases
KW  - metropolitan areas
KW  - nursing
KW  - Metropolitan areas
KW  - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH
KW  - ENA 01:Air Pollution
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/746076839?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Chronic+Fine+and+Coarse+Particulate+Exposure%2C+Mortality%2C+and+Coronary+Heart+Disease+in+the+Nurses%27+Health+Study&rft.au=Puett%2C+Robin+C%3BHart%2C+Jaime+E%3BYanosky%2C+Jeff+D%3BPaciorek%2C+Christopher%3BSchwartz%2C+Joel%3BSuh%2C+Helen%3BSpeizer%2C+Frank+E%3BLaden%2C+Francine&rft.aulast=Puett&rft.aufirst=Robin&rft.date=2009-06-15&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1702&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/10.1289%2Fehp.0900572
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-05-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-05-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air pollution; Particle size; Mortality; Pollution effects; Environmental health; Cardiovascular diseases; Particulates; nursing; metropolitan areas; Medical personnel; Metropolitan areas; USA
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0900572
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Federal Grants-In-Aid: An Historical Perspective on Contemporary Issues
AN  - 58847394; 2008-407152
AB  - The federal government is expected to provide state and local governments more than 652 billion dollars in federal grant-in-aid funding in FY2010, encompassing a wide range of public policy, such as health care, transportation, income security, education, job training, social services, community development, and environmental protection. This report provides an historical synopsis of the evolving nature of federal grant-in-aid programs, focusing on the role Congress has played in defining the scope and nature of those programs. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jun 15 2009, 34 pp.
AU  - Dilger, Robert Jay
Y1  - 2009/06/15/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 15
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Public finance
KW  - Government - Forms of government
KW  - Government - Intergovernmental relations
KW  - Government - Local and municipal government
KW  - Transportation and transportation policy - Transportation
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Public welfare and social services
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Transportation
KW  - Federal government
KW  - Local government
KW  - Social service
KW  - Government loans and grants
KW  - Community development
KW  - Grants-in-aid
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58847394?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Dilger%2C+Robert+Jay&rft.aulast=Dilger&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2009-06-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Federal+Grants-In-Aid%3A+An+Historical+Perspective+on+Contemporary+Issues&rft.title=Federal+Grants-In-Aid%3A+An+Historical+Perspective+on+Contemporary+Issues&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40638_20090615.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40638
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Thermal stability and kinetics of decomposition of ammonium nitrate in the presence of pyrite
AN  - 20529443; 9212628
AB  - The interaction between ammonium nitrate based industrial explosives and pyrite-rich minerals in mining operations can lead to the occurrence of spontaneous explosion of the explosives. In an effort to provide a scientific basis for safe applications of industrial explosives in reactive mining grounds containing pyrite, ammonium nitrate decomposition, with and without the presence of pyrite, was studied using a simultaneous Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Thermogravimetric Analyser (DSC-TGA) and a gas-sealed isothermal reactor, respectively. The activation energy and the pre-exponential factor of ammonium nitrate decomposition were determined to be 102.6kJmol super(-) super(1) and 4.55x10 super(7)s super(-) super(1) without the presence of pyrite and 101.8kJmol super(-) super(1) and 2.57x10 super(9)s super(-) super(1) with the presence of pyrite. The kinetics of ammonium nitrate decomposition was then used to calculate the critical temperatures for ammonium nitrate decomposition with and without the presence of pyrite, based on the Frank-Kamenetskii model of thermal explosion. It was shown that the presence of pyrite reduces the temperature for, and accelerates the rate of, decomposition of ammonium nitrate. It was further shown that pyrite can significantly reduce the critical temperature of ammonium nitrate decomposition, causing undesired premature detonation of the explosives. The critical temperature also decreases with increasing diameter of the blast holes charged with the explosive. The concept of using the critical temperature as indication of the thermal stability of the explosives to evaluate the risk of spontaneous explosion was verified in the gas-sealed isothermal reactor experiments.
JF  - Journal of Hazardous Materials
AU  - Gunawan, R
AU  - Zhang, D
AD  - Curtin University of Technology, G.P.O. Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia, R.Gunawan@curtin.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/06/15/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 15
SP  - 751
EP  - 758
PB  - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/]
VL  - 165
IS  - 1-3
SN  - 0304-3894, 0304-3894
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts
KW  - Temperature effects
KW  - Decomposition
KW  - Models
KW  - Kinetics
KW  - pyrite
KW  - Explosives
KW  - Mining
KW  - Thermal stability
KW  - Blast
KW  - Minerals
KW  - ammonium nitrate
KW  - Differential scanning calorimetry
KW  - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up
KW  - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.atitle=Thermal+stability+and+kinetics+of+decomposition+of+ammonium+nitrate+in+the+presence+of+pyrite&rft.au=Gunawan%2C+R%3BZhang%2C+D&rft.aulast=Gunawan&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2009-06-15&rft.volume=165&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=751&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.issn=03043894&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jhazmat.2008.10.054
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-05-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Kinetics; pyrite; Thermal stability; Mining; Explosives; Blast; Minerals; Decomposition; Models; Differential scanning calorimetry; ammonium nitrate
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.10.054
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - A method for predicting native vegetation condition at regional scales
AN  - 20521586; 9212383
AB  - Regional-scale mapping of vegetation characteristics such as extent, configuration, composition and condition are critical for managing native vegetation. The extent and configuration of native vegetation is typically mapped using remote sensing, and plant species and communities are typically mapped using statistical models built with explanatory variables derived from GIS layers. Such research has paid limited attention to the 'condition' of native vegetation and rarely are explanatory variables derived from satellite remote sensing and GIS layers used together to spatially predict vegetation characteristics. We calculated two independent metrics of vegetation condition using field data measured at each of 239 0.1ha plots. These metrics of vegetation condition were used to develop two continuous maps of vegetation condition across an area of 260,000ha using statistical models (generalised additive models, GAMs) built with explanatory variables derived from a range of sources including digital elevation models (DEMs), metrics of landscape connective, land use mapping and satellite remote sensing. Both models included significant explanatory variables that were derived from satellite remote sensing and GIS layers. Using a cross-validation technique based on bootstrapping, correlations between observed plot data and predicted data for the two measures of vegetation condition were only reasonable (0.47-0.56). Improved stratified sampling which captures disturbance gradients is a priority for improving models of this type.
JF  - Landscape and Urban Planning
AU  - Zerger, A
AU  - Gibbons, P
AU  - Seddon, J
AU  - Briggs, S
AU  - Freudenberger, D
AD  - GPO Box 284, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia, andre.zerger@csiro.au
Y1  - 2009/06/15/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 15
SP  - 65
EP  - 77
PB  - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/]
VL  - 91
IS  - 2
SN  - 0169-2046, 0169-2046
KW  - Ecology Abstracts
KW  - Data processing
KW  - Landscape
KW  - Statistical analysis
KW  - Remote sensing
KW  - Vegetation
KW  - Geographic information systems
KW  - Satellites
KW  - Models
KW  - D 04060:Management and Conservation
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20521586?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Landscape+and+Urban+Planning&rft.atitle=A+method+for+predicting+native+vegetation+condition+at+regional+scales&rft.au=Zerger%2C+A%3BGibbons%2C+P%3BSeddon%2C+J%3BBriggs%2C+S%3BFreudenberger%2C+D&rft.aulast=Zerger&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2009-06-15&rft.volume=91&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=65&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Landscape+and+Urban+Planning&rft.issn=01692046&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.landurbplan.2008.11.011
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-05-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data processing; Landscape; Remote sensing; Statistical analysis; Vegetation; Geographic information systems; Satellites; Models
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2008.11.011
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Employment-Based Health Coverage and Health Reform: Selected Legal Considerations
AN  - 58827562; 2008-423572
AB  - It is estimated that nearly 170 million individuals have employer-based health coverage; and as part of a comprehensive health care reform effort, there has been support (including from the Obama Administration) in enacting comprehensive health insurance reform that retains the employer-based system. This report presents selected legal considerations inherent in amending two of the primary federal laws governing employer-sponsored health care: the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) and the Internal Revenue Code (IRC), which define the current tax treatment of employer-provided health care. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jun 12 2009, 15 pp.
AU  - Staman, Jennifer
AU  - Liu, Edward C
Y1  - 2009/06/12/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 12
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Labor conditions and policy - Labor conditions, wages, salaries, and benefits
KW  - Business and service sector - Insurance
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Health and health policy
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Credit, loans, and personal finance
KW  - United States
KW  - Health insurance
KW  - Law
KW  - Health policy
KW  - Employees' benefit plans
KW  - Retirement income
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58827562?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Staman%2C+Jennifer%3BLiu%2C+Edward+C&rft.aulast=Staman&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft.date=2009-06-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Employment-Based+Health+Coverage+and+Health+Reform%3A+Selected+Legal+Considerations&rft.title=Employment-Based+Health+Coverage+and+Health+Reform%3A+Selected+Legal+Considerations&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40635_20090612.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40635
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - North Korean Counterfeiting of U.S. Currency
AN  - 58826915; 2008-423571
AB  - The US has accused the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK or North Korea) of counterfeiting US $100 Federal Reserve notes (Supernotes) and passing them off in various countries, although there is some doubt by observers and other governments that the DPRK is capable of creating Supernotes of the quality found: What has been confirmed is that the DPRK has passed off such bills in various countries and that the counterfeit bills circulate both within North Korea and around its border with China. This report explores the known actions of North Korea and the US response to them. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jun 12 2009, 15 pp.
AU  - Nanto, Dick K
Y1  - 2009/06/12/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 12
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Law and ethics - Intellectual property, copyright, patent, and trademark law
KW  - Administration of justice - Crime and criminals
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Public finance
KW  - United States
KW  - North Korea
KW  - Counterfeiting
KW  - Currency in circulation
KW  - book
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Nanto%2C+Dick+K&rft.aulast=Nanto&rft.aufirst=Dick&rft.date=2009-06-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=North+Korean+Counterfeiting+of+U.S.+Currency&rft.title=North+Korean+Counterfeiting+of+U.S.+Currency&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL33324_20090612.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, 7-5700
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The health and nutrition of young indigenous women in north Queensland - intergenerational implications of poor food quality, obesity, diabetes, tobacco smoking and alcohol use
AN  - 21225032; 11215435
AB  - To document nutritional status and health behaviours of young indigenous women of childbearing age in rural communities in north Queensland. Cross-sectional survey of 424 Aboriginal and 232 Torres Strait Islander (TSI) women aged 15-34 years, conducted in twenty-three rural and remote communities of far north Queensland in 1999-2000, with follow-up of a smaller cohort (n 132) in 2006-2007. Weight, waist circumference, intake of fruit and vegetables, smoking, alcohol intake, fasting blood glucose, blood pressure, HDL cholesterol, gamma -glutamyltransferase, red cell folate (RCF), interval weight and waist gain and incidence of diabetes. Forty-one per cent of Aboriginal and 69 % of TSI had central obesity, 62 % were smokers, 71 % drank alcohol regularly and of those, 60 % did so at harmful levels. One third of Aboriginal and 16 % of TSI women had very low RCF levels. In the group followed up, there was a mean annual waist gain of 1.6 cm in Aboriginal women and 1.2 cm in TSI, 0.5 kg/m2 in BMI and 1.5 kg in weight. Incidence of new type 2 diabetes mellitus in this cohort was 29.1 per 1000 person-years (py) (95 % CI 14.0, 52.8) in Aboriginal women and 13.9 per 1000 py (95 % CI 5.6, 28.5) among TSI. High prevalence and incidence of central obesity and diabetes, poor nutrition, high rates of alcohol use and tobacco smoking together with young maternal age, provide a poor intra-uterine environment for many indigenous Australian babies, and contribute to high perinatal morbidity and future disability. Community level interventions to improve pre-pregnancy nutrition and health behaviours in young women are urgent.
JF  - Public Health Nutrition
AU  - McDermott, Robyn
AU  - Campbell, Sandra
AU  - Li, Ming
AU  - McCulloch, Brad
AD  - University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia, robyn.mcdermott@unisa.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/06/11/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 11
SP  - 2143
EP  - 2149
PB  - Cambridge University Press, 32 Avenue of the Americas New York NY 10013-2473 USA
VL  - 12
IS  - 11
SN  - 1368-9800, 1368-9800
KW  - Physical Education Index
KW  - Obesity
KW  - Smoking
KW  - Alcohol
KW  - Waist
KW  - Weight
KW  - Women
KW  - Nutrition
KW  - Youth
KW  - Diabetes
KW  - PE 090:Sports Medicine & Exercise Sport Science
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21225032?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aphysicaleducation&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Public+Health+Nutrition&rft.atitle=The+health+and+nutrition+of+young+indigenous+women+in+north+Queensland+-+intergenerational+implications+of+poor+food+quality%2C+obesity%2C+diabetes%2C+tobacco+smoking+and+alcohol+use&rft.au=McDermott%2C+Robyn%3BCampbell%2C+Sandra%3BLi%2C+Ming%3BMcCulloch%2C+Brad&rft.aulast=McDermott&rft.aufirst=Robyn&rft.date=2009-06-11&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2143&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Public+Health+Nutrition&rft.issn=13689800&rft_id=info:doi/10.1017%2FS1368980009005783
LA  - English
DB  - Physical Education Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Women; Nutrition; Alcohol; Youth; Diabetes; Weight; Smoking; Obesity; Waist
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1368980009005783
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Trends in Discretionary Spending
AN  - 58845322; 2008-407230
AB  - Discretionary spending is provided and controlled through appropriations acts, which fund many of the activities commonly associated with such federal government functions as running executive branch agencies, congressional offices and agencies, and international operations of the government. The Obama Administration contends that many domestic priorities have been underfunded and has proposed some cuts in defense spending; and a fiscal stimulus package enacted February 17, 2009, the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA, H.R. 1, P.L. 111-5), is projected to increase discretionary outlays by 308 billion dollars over the period 2009-2019. Tables, Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jun 10 2009, 15 pp.
AU  - Austin, D Andrew
AU  - Levit, Mindy R
Y1  - 2009/06/10/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 10
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Government - Forms of government
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - Obama, Barack
KW  - United States
KW  - Federal government
KW  - Appropriations and expenditures
KW  - Economic stabilization
KW  - Legislation
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL34424_20090610.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL34424
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Financial Market Turmoil and U.S. Macroeconomic Performance
AN  - 58848583; 2008-407231
AB  - The current turmoil in US financial markets is the result of a breakdown in the necessary confidence in the borrowers' ability to repay the debt (principal and interest) in full and on schedule. Three types of policy response exist and are being applied in varying degrees; and this article explores the three approaches: conventional macroeconomic policy tools of monetary and fiscal policy; the Fed's traditional role of "lender of last resort," and the use of "extraordinary measures" involving direct interventions by the federal government to restore confidence in financial markets, forcing a greater volume of credit to flow broadly. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jun 9 2009, 20 pp.
AU  - Elwell, Craig K
Y1  - 2009/06/09/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 09
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic conditions
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - International banking and finance and financial institutions
KW  - Business and service sector - Markets, marketing, and merchandising
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic theory
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Public finance
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Banks and other financial institutions
KW  - United States
KW  - International finance
KW  - Macroeconomics
KW  - Federal reserve system
KW  - Markets
KW  - Economic conditions
KW  - Fiscal policy
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40007_20090609.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40007
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The Budget Resolution and Spending Legislation
AN  - 58840113; 2010-442653
AB  - The budget resolution sets forth aggregate levels of spending, revenue, and public debt and is not intended to establish details of spending or revenue policy and does not provide levels of spending for specific agencies or programs -- Instead, its purpose is to create enforceable parameters within which Congress can consider legislation dealing with spending and revenue. The spending policies in the budget resolution encompass two types of spending legislation: discretionary spending and direct (mandatory) spending. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jun 9 2009, 8 pp.
AU  - Lynch, Megan Suzanne
Y1  - 2009/06/09/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 09
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Public finance
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Appropriations and expenditures
KW  - Public debts
KW  - Budget, Government
KW  - Revenue
KW  - Legislation
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58840113?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Lynch%2C+Megan+Suzanne&rft.aulast=Lynch&rft.aufirst=Megan&rft.date=2009-06-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+Budget+Resolution+and+Spending+Legislation&rft.title=The+Budget+Resolution+and+Spending+Legislation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40472_20090609.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40472
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The U.S. Postal Service and Six-Day Delivery: Issues for Congress
AN  - 58825960; 2008-407153
AB  - Today, USPS delivers mail and parcels to more than 149 million homes, businesses, government offices, and post office boxes six days per week; however, there have been discussions about reducing the number of delivery days to conserve fuel and reduce costs. Some lawmakers believe that reducing service days could cause even greater reductions in mail volume and lead to a "death spiral" for USPS. This report examines the history of six-day mail delivery, analyzes potential effects of reducing USPS delivery from six to five days, and examines legislative options for the 111th Congress. Tables, Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jun 9 2009, 26 pp.
AU  - Ginsberg, Wendy R
Y1  - 2009/06/09/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 09
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Transportation and transportation policy - Mail service
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Public finance
KW  - Business and service sector - Business operations, practices, and workplaces
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Business hours
KW  - Postal service
KW  - Cost effectiveness
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58825960?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Ginsberg%2C+Wendy+R&rft.aulast=Ginsberg&rft.aufirst=Wendy&rft.date=2009-06-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+U.S.+Postal+Service+and+Six-Day+Delivery%3A+Issues+for+Congress&rft.title=The+U.S.+Postal+Service+and+Six-Day+Delivery%3A+Issues+for+Congress&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40626_20090609.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40626
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Geospatial Information and Geographic Information Systems (GIS): Current Issues and Future Challenges
AN  - 58833205; 2008-423575
AB  - The federal government and policy makers increasingly use geospatial information and tools like Geographic Information System (GIS) for producing floodplain maps, conducting the Census, mapping foreclosures, and responding to natural hazards such as wildfires and hurricanes. Congress has recognized the challenge of coordinating and sharing geospatial data from the local, county, and state level to the national level, and vice versa; the challenges of geospatial information expenses to the federal government; and its changing role from being a primary provider of authoritative geospatial information to coordinating and managing geospatial data and facilitating partnerships. Tables, Figures, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jun 8 2009, 26 pp.
AU  - Folger, Peter
Y1  - 2009/06/08/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 08
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Science and technology policy - Computer science and information technology
KW  - Government - Forms of government
KW  - Population groups, population policy, and demographics - Demography and census
KW  - Education and education policy - Information services and sources
KW  - Environment and environmental policy - Geography and cartography
KW  - Information
KW  - Federal government
KW  - Census
KW  - Geographic information systems
KW  - Maps
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58833205?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Folger%2C+Peter&rft.aulast=Folger&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2009-06-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Geospatial+Information+and+Geographic+Information+Systems+%28GIS%29%3A+Current+Issues+and+Future+Challenges&rft.title=Geospatial+Information+and+Geographic+Information+Systems+%28GIS%29%3A+Current+Issues+and+Future+Challenges&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40625_20090608.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40625
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - El Salvador: Political, Economic, and Social Conditions and U.S. Relations
AN  - 58830520; 2010-442656
AB  - The global financial crisis and US recession have weakened El Salvador's economy, increasing the country's already widespread poverty; and, moreover, El Salvador's violent crime rates remain among the highest in the world and will need to be addressed. Successive National Republican Alliance (ARENA) governments maintained close ties with the US; the Saca Administration (2004-2009) cooperated in counter-narcotics operations, supported the US coalition forces in Iraq and implemented the Dominican Republic-Central America-United States Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA-DR); and President Mauricio Funes has pledged to remain in CAFTA-DR and expressed his willingness to work with the US on a variety of issues. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jun 8 2009, 8 pp.
AU  - Seelke, Clare Ribando
AU  - Meyer, Peter J
Y1  - 2009/06/08/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 08
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - International relations - International relations
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic conditions
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Social conditions and problems
KW  - Trade and trade policy - Commercial treaties and agreements
KW  - United States
KW  - Social conditions
KW  - Poverty
KW  - Central America Free Trade Agreement
KW  - El Salvador
KW  - Alliances
KW  - Economic conditions
KW  - Foreign relations
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58830520?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Seelke%2C+Clare+Ribando%3BMeyer%2C+Peter+J&rft.aulast=Seelke&rft.aufirst=Clare&rft.date=2009-06-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=El+Salvador%3A+Political%2C+Economic%2C+and+Social+Conditions+and+U.S.+Relations&rft.title=El+Salvador%3A+Political%2C+Economic%2C+and+Social+Conditions+and+U.S.+Relations&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RS21655_20090608.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RS21655
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Sri Lanka: Background and U.S. Relations
AN  - 58832653; 2010-442659
AB  - The current state of affairs in Sri Lanka presents the US and the international community with several key challenges. Chief among these is how to help the government of Sri Lanka to win the peace now that it has won the war against Tamil Eelam (LTTE) forces in the field; and another key challenge is how to recast foreign aid to assist those in need and those displaced by the civil war. Tables, Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jun 4 2009, 30 pp.
AU  - Kronstadt, K Alan
AU  - Vaughn, Bruce
Y1  - 2009/06/04/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 04
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - International relations - International relations
KW  - International relations - War
KW  - United States
KW  - Tamils
KW  - Civil war
KW  - Foreign relations
KW  - Sri Lanka
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58832653?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Kronstadt%2C+K+Alan%3BVaughn%2C+Bruce&rft.aulast=Kronstadt&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2009-06-04&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Sri+Lanka%3A+Background+and+U.S.+Relations&rft.title=Sri+Lanka%3A+Background+and+U.S.+Relations&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL31707_20090604.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL31707
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Military Installation Real Property and Services: Proposed Legislation in the 111th Congress
AN  - 58824293; 2008-371918
AB  - Several bills (S. 590, H.R. 1959, and H.R. 2295) that would modify or expand statutory authorities granted to senior executives of the Department of Defense (DOD) have been introduced to the 111th Congress -- These authorities relate to the exchange of real property, the outsourcing of some military installation support services, and the reimbursement by DOD of some costs associated with military site cleanup. This report analyzes the key provisions of the legislation, identifies probable effects of the proposed amendments to existing law, and suggests issues raised for congressional consideration.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jun 4 2009, 9 pp.
AU  - Else, Daniel H
AU  - Bearden, David M
AU  - Mason, R Chuck
Y1  - 2009/06/04/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 04
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military planning, strategy, and operations
KW  - Business and service sector - Business organization and administration
KW  - Manufacturing and heavy industry - Industrial management, production, and productivity
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Property and wealth
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Outsourcing
KW  - Real property
KW  - Military operations
KW  - Legislation
KW  - United States Defense department
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58824293?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Else%2C+Daniel+H%3BBearden%2C+David+M%3BMason%2C+R+Chuck&rft.aulast=Else&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2009-06-04&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Military+Installation+Real+Property+and+Services%3A+Proposed+Legislation+in+the+111th+Congress&rft.title=Military+Installation+Real+Property+and+Services%3A+Proposed+Legislation+in+the+111th+Congress&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40620_20090604.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-31
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code R40620
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The Role of the Department of Defense during a Flu Pandemic
AN  - 58821388; 2008-371919
AB  - The US's response to a flu pandemic would have both international and domestic components -- additionally, the domestic response effort would include contributions from every governmental level (local, state, tribal, and federal), non-governmental organizations, and the private sector. This report will focus largely on the role of the Department of Defense (DOD) in supporting the nation's domestic response effort, although it will also touch on DOD's international role. Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jun 4 2009, 15 pp.
AU  - Kapp, Lawrence
AU  - Jansen, Don J
Y1  - 2009/06/04/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 04
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Diseases and disorders
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Health and health policy
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military planning, strategy, and operations
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Medicine and health care
KW  - Influenza
KW  - Military planning
KW  - Epidemiology
KW  - United States Defense department
KW  - Public health
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40619_20090604.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-31
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code R40619
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Navy Role in Irregular Warfare and Counterterrorism: Background and Issues for Congress
AN  - 58811274; 2008-371917
AB  - The Navy for several years has carried out a variety of irregular warfare (IW) and counterterrorism (CT) activities, and has taken some steps in recent years to strengthen its ability to conduct such activities. The overall issue for Congress is how much emphasis to place on IW and CT activities in future Navy budgets, and whether decisions reached by DOD on this issue in the QDR are appropriate.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jun 4 2009, 10 pp.
AU  - O'Rourke, Ronald
Y1  - 2009/06/04/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 04
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military planning, strategy, and operations
KW  - International relations - International peace and security
KW  - Military and defense policy - National defense
KW  - Counterterrorism
KW  - United States Navy
KW  - Military operations
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RS22373_20090604.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-31
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RS22373
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The President's Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP): Issues for Congress
AN  - 58836474; 2008-423484
AB  - The Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP), established by the National Science and Technology Policy, Organization, and Priorities Act of 1976, charges the OSTP Director with providing, within the Executive Office of the President [EOP], advice on the scientific, engineering, and technological aspects of issues. An issue for Congress is the appropriate title, rank, role, and responsibilities of OSTP's Director; the status and influence of the President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology (PCAST) and the National Science and Technology Council (NSTC); and who should decide the issue focus of OSTP Associate Directors, NSTC interagency coordination activities, and PCAST. Tables, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jun 3 2009, 31 pp.
AU  - Stine, Deborah D
Y1  - 2009/06/03/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 03
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Government - Forms of government
KW  - Government - Public officials
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Technology policy
KW  - Presidents
KW  - Federal government
KW  - Science policy
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL34736_20090603.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-02-03
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL34736
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Department of Defense "Section 1207" Security and Stabilization Assistance: Background and Congressional Concerns
AN  - 58835077; 2008-423650
AB  - Section 1207 of the National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) for FY2006 (P.L. 109- 163) provides authority for the Department of Defense (DOD) to transfer to the State Department up to 100 million dollars per fiscal year in defense articles, services, training, or other support for reconstruction, stabilization, and security activities in foreign countries. In considering whether to extend Section 1207 again, the 111th Congress may wish to take into account various issues regarding the use of DOD funds for State Department activities. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jun 3 2009, 8 pp.
AU  - Serafino, Nina M
Y1  - 2009/06/03/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 03
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - Military and defense policy - National defense
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - United States State department
KW  - Economic stabilization
KW  - Legislation
KW  - United States Defense department
KW  - National defense
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RS22871_20090603.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RS22871
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty: Updated "Safeguards" and Net Assessments
AN  - 58824961; 2008-371920
AB  - In 1996, the US signed the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT), which would ban all nuclear explosions, but the Senate rejected the CTBT in 1999 with the debate focused on such pros and cons as whether the US could maintain its nuclear weapons without testing, whether it could verify compliance with the treaty, and how the treaty would affect nuclear nonproliferation. As discussed in this report, another aspect to past debates was "Safeguards," measures that this nation can take unilaterally within the treaty to protect its nuclear security. Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jun 3 2009, 34 pp.
AU  - Medalia, Jonathan
Y1  - 2009/06/03/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 03
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military equipment and weapons
KW  - International relations - Treaties
KW  - International relations - International peace and security
KW  - Atomic weapons
KW  - Nuclear nonproliferation
KW  - United States Senate
KW  - Treaties
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40612_20090603.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-31
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code R40612
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Cuban Migration to the United States: Policy and Trends
AN  - 58834734; 2008-372060
AB  - Many of the issues surrounding Cuban migration are unique but not new -- Normal immigration from Cuba has been elusive since Fidel Castro came to power. Over the past 50 years, the practice of Cubans fleeing by boat to the US has become commonplace, and at some points reached the levels of a mass exodus, but since the last upsurge of "boat people" in the mid-1990s, the US and Cuba worked toward establishing safe, legal immigration, which includes returning migrants interdicted by the US Coast Guard -- These migration policies, however, are not without critics. Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jun 2 2009, 20 pp.
AU  - Wasem, Ruth Ellen
Y1  - 2009/06/02/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 02
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Population groups, population policy, and demographics - Migrants and migration
KW  - Law and ethics - Citizenship, immigration, and immigration law and policy
KW  - United States
KW  - Immigration policy
KW  - Cubans
KW  - Migration
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40566_20090602.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-31
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code R40566
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Congressional Oversight and Related Issues Concerning International Security Agreements Concluded by the United States
AN  - 58828233; 2008-371921
AB  - The US is a party to numerous security agreements with other nations, while the topics covered, along with the significance of the obligations imposed upon agreement parties, may vary. It is likely that future disputes will arise between the political branches regarding the entering or implementation of international security agreements, but regardless of the form a security arrangement may take, Congress has several tools to exercise oversight regarding the negotiation, form, conclusion, and implementation of the agreement by the US. Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jun 2 2009, 32 pp.
AU  - Garcia, Michael John
AU  - Mason, R Chuck
Y1  - 2009/06/02/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 02
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - International relations - International peace and security
KW  - Law and ethics - Criminal law
KW  - Government - Internal security
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Surveillance
KW  - International security
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40614_20090602.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-31
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code R40614
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - ZIMORA - an atmospheric dispersion model
AN  - 755141492; 13676814
AB  - This paper presents a development and validation of a 3D numerical model for the advection-diffusion equation. Atmospheric flow field generated by mesoscale circulation model is used as input for the wind speed. As the mesoscale model gives information at scale higher than the necessary for description of a plume trajectory a weighted linear average proper interpolation was developed for intermediate these distances. Diffusion coefficients are variables in time and space and are different for lateral and vertical directions. This assumption is important and considers that the turbulence is not isotropic. Numerical scheme is explicit and conservative and has small implicit diffusion in the advection part of the model. Boundary conditions are open at lateral domain and normal in the bottom and at the top of the Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL) height. Output of the model can be viewed at any time step as well as the concentration distributions are showed at horizontal or vertical surfaces. For validation of the model two experiments were carried out near a thermoelectric power plant located in the south of Brazil. Each experiment was forty days longer. Hourly SO sub(2) concentrations were collected in four receptors around the power plant. During the experiments micrometeorological measurements and tethered balloons were also used in order to describe properly the local atmospheric circulation and PBL characteristics. Various static indices indicate that the model works very well at least for the source and the terrain were it is located, i.e. continuous emission and homogeneous topography.
JF  - WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment
AU  - Zimermann, H R
AU  - Moraes, OLL
A2  - Brebbia, Carlos
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jun 2009
SP  - 12
EP  - 74
PB  - WIT Press, Ashurst Lodge Ashurst Southampton SO40 7AA UK
SN  - 9781845641955
KW  - Pollution Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources
KW  - Pollution monitoring
KW  - Atmospheric pollution models
KW  - Atmospheric flows
KW  - Atmospheric pollution monitoring
KW  - Pollution dispersion
KW  - Mesoscale features
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Wind speed
KW  - Emissions
KW  - Emission measurements
KW  - Power plants
KW  - Atmospheric pollution dispersion
KW  - Diffusion
KW  - Atmospheric boundary layer
KW  - Turbulence
KW  - Topography
KW  - Mathematical models
KW  - Receptors
KW  - Atmospheric circulation
KW  - boundary conditions
KW  - Balloons
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Industrial atmospheric pollution
KW  - Diffusion coefficients
KW  - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42)
KW  - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION
KW  - Q2 09244:Air-sea coupling
KW  - O 4060:Pollution - Environment
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-09-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-02
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/AIR090061
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Rise of the Voluntary Election Candidates and the New Trend of the NPC Deputy Electoral System
TT  - Transliterated title not available
AN  - 754067705; 201052086
AB  - The citizens' voluntary participation in the election of the NPC deputy has aroused a lot of attention from the general public and influenced its process and result. However, the research about it in the district and county elections has still some conception collision. A group of related conceptions, such as "self-recommended candidate", "non-organized candidate", "independent candidate" and so on, have not only aroused misunderstanding and discussion, but also brought challenges to the NPC Deputy electoral system. So it is of theoretical and practical significance to research on the rise and the conception of the voluntary election candidates. To some extent, it will become an important symbol of the progress of the NPC electoral system from "acknowledgement" to "competition". Adapted from the source document.
JF  - Sichuan Ligong Xueyuan Xuebao/Journal of Sichuan University of Science & Engineering (Social Sciences Edition)
AU  - Zhou, Chang-xian
AD  - Instit People's Congress System, Beijing Union U, China
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - June 2009
SP  - 15
EP  - 18
PB  - Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, Sichuan Province, China
VL  - 24
IS  - 3
SN  - 1672-8580, 1672-8580
KW  - electoral system people's congress system voluntary election candidates NPC deputy normalization of the concept
KW  - Elections
KW  - Participation
KW  - Districts
KW  - Electoral Systems
KW  - General Public
KW  - Competition
KW  - article
KW  - 9121: political behavior; political behavior
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LA  - Chinese
DB  - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2010-09-10
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Elections; Electoral Systems; Competition; General Public; Districts; Participation
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Encoding modality and spatial memory retrieval.
AN  - 742782683; pmid-19216017
AB  - This study examined the temporal characteristics of event-related brain electrical activity associated with the processing of spatial memories derived from linguistic and tactile information. Participants learned a map by (1) reading a text description of the map, (2) touching a wooden topological representation of the map (hidden from view), or (3) both. Subsequently, the participants' ability to use their spatial knowledge was tested in a spatial orientation task. Differential patterns of brain activity as a function of encoding modality were found at the very early (preconscious) stages of processing. In contrast, an analysis of behavioral performance revealed no differences between the encoding groups. A model of spatial memory retrieval is presented to account for the findings.
JF  - Brain and cognition
AU  - Tlauka, Michael
AU  - Clark, C Richard
AU  - Liu, Ping
AU  - Conway, Marie
AD  - School of Psychology, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia. Michael.tlauka@flinders.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jun 2009
SP  - 116
EP  - 122
VL  - 70
IS  - 1
SN  - 0278-2626, 0278-2626
KW  - Index Medicus
KW  - National Library of Medicine
KW  - Young Adult
KW  - Time
KW  - Orientation
KW  - Reading
KW  - Evoked Potentials
KW  - Humans
KW  - Adult
KW  - Electroencephalography
KW  - Spatial Behavior
KW  - Psychomotor Performance
KW  - Middle Aged
KW  - Physical Stimulation
KW  - Adolescent
KW  - Female
KW  - Reaction Time
KW  - Psycholinguistics
KW  - Space Perception -- physiology
KW  - Memory -- physiology
KW  - Touch Perception -- physiology
KW  - Brain -- physiology
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LA  - English (eng)
DB  - ComDisDome
N1  - Date revised - 2010-04-13
N1  - Last updated - 2010-09-25
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Emergency surgical embolectomy for pulmonary emboli after failed thrombolysis.
AN  - 67538038; 19643857
AB  - A 34-year-old man presented in cardiogenic shock secondary to massive pulmonary embolism. Surgical embolectomy was performed after failed thrombolysis. Intraoperatively, a right atrial lesion and pulmonary emboli were removed. Histopathology revealed myxoma complicated by pulmonary emboli. The patient made a good recovery. This case suggests that surgical embolectomy should be considered as first-line treatment for all patients with acute massive pulmonary embolism, and not reserved for those with severe hemodynamic compromise or failed conservative management.
JF  - Asian cardiovascular & thoracic annals
AU  - Chu, Sharon H L
AU  - Andrews, David
AU  - Watanabe, Yuki
AD  - Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Royal Perth Hospital, GPO Box X2213, Perth, Western Australia. sharonchu@gmail.com
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - June 2009
SP  - 297
EP  - 299
VL  - 17
IS  - 3
KW  - Index Medicus
KW  - Heart Atria -- surgery
KW  - Heart Neoplasms -- pathology
KW  - Humans
KW  - Myxoma -- surgery
KW  - Adult
KW  - Heart Neoplasms -- surgery
KW  - Emergency Treatment
KW  - Myxoma -- pathology
KW  - Thrombolytic Therapy -- adverse effects
KW  - Male
KW  - Heart Atria -- pathology
KW  - Pulmonary Embolism -- surgery
KW  - Shock, Cardiogenic -- etiology
KW  - Embolectomy
KW  - Shock, Cardiogenic -- surgery
KW  - Pulmonary Embolism -- complications
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67538038?accountid=14244
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date completed - 2009-10-29
N1  - Date created - 2009-07-31
N1  - Date revised - 2017-01-13
N1  - Last updated - 2017-01-18
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0218492309104769
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - UNESCO, "universal bioethics," and state regulation of health risks: a philosophical critique.
AN  - 67257108; 19386999
AB  - The United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization's (UNESCO) Universal Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights announces a significant array of welfare entitlements--to personal health and health care, medicine, nutrition, water, improved living conditions, environmental protection, and so forth--as well as corresponding governmental duties to provide for such public health measures, though the simple expedient of announcing that such entitlements are "basic human rights." The Universal Declaration provides no argument for the legitimacy of the sweeping governmental authority, taxation, and regulation to create and impose such "rights." As this paper explores that some action promotes a purported good, such as "health," does not thereby make the action morally permissible. Just as there are moral limits on legitimate personal actions, there are also moral limits on legitimate governmental actions to promote purported goods, including health. A core question of any governmental regulation, therefore, is whether it is a legitimate application of moral political authority or an unauthorized act of state coercion. Pace UNESCO's wide-ranging assertions, this paper argues that promoting health only falls within the legitimate authority of governments in very narrowly defined circumstances. As the paper critically explores, at stake are foundational moral and political questions concerning the limits of governmental authority to intervene in the consensual interaction of persons. Imposing such duties on others, including citizens of a state through regulatory activity and taxation, must be justified, nonarbitrary, and demonstrably within the limits of moral political authority. UNESCO's assertions do not meet this burden of proof.
JF  - The Journal of medicine and philosophy
AU  - Cherry, Mark J
AD  - Department of Philosophy, St. Edward's University, 3001 South Congress Avenue, Box 844, Austin, TX 78704, USA. markc@stedwards.edu
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - June 2009
SP  - 274
EP  - 295
VL  - 34
IS  - 3
KW  - Bioethics
KW  - Index Medicus
KW  - Public Health
KW  - Politics
KW  - Humans
KW  - Environmental Pollution
KW  - Medical Assistance
KW  - Health Services Accessibility
KW  - Health Promotion
KW  - United Nations -- ethics
KW  - Morals
KW  - Philosophy, Medical
KW  - Government Programs -- ethics
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date completed - 2009-07-28
N1  - Date created - 2009-05-15
N1  - Date revised - 2017-01-13
N1  - Last updated - 2017-01-18
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmp/jhp020
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Midwives' descriptions of the postnatal experiences of women who use illicit substances: a descriptive study.
AN  - 67253565; 17614166
AB  - to describe midwives' perceptions of the early mothering experiences of 20 Australian illicit-drug-using mothers.
          a qualitative retrospective study using an explorative descriptive design. Twenty client records, completed by research midwives over 6 months (with follow-up visits at 12 and 18 months), formed the data set. Thematic analysis and the techniques associated with constant comparison were used to analyse the data. Perth, Western Australia.
          twenty postpartum women with a history of using illicit drugs. seven major themes were identified that described how childbearing women with drug problems strive to be 'normal mums' although living on the fringe of society. The first three major themes were labelled; Baby as the priority; Hating the body: and Life sucks. Theme four represents the level of family and community support available, which had the potential to facilitate and/or hinder the experience. The analysis suggested that women who had good support, particularly at 4 months postpartum and beyond, were more likely to move towards the fifth theme Hanging in there: striving to be a normal mum. Women with minimal support, living in hostile and often abusive environments, gravitated towards the theme of Beyond caring with the eventual consequence being chaos and a return to heavy drug use, labelled Emotional fibrillation.
          very few women were using drugs early in the postnatal period. These new mothers made every effort to prioritise the needs of their newborns, often within a context of abusive relationships, poor emotional well-being and financial hardship. High levels of physical and psychological morbidity were related to psychosocial factors as opposed to drug use alone. By 4 months postpartum, there was evidence that women were becoming increasingly vulnerable to the challenges of their lives. Family and community support played a role in how this group of women moved through their mothering experience. the range of health, social and support services required by new mothers when they are using illicit drugs is substantial. Collaboration and coordination between agencies is crucial for quality outcomes. Fostering positive relationships with drug-using pregnant women and maintaining these links into the extended postnatal period may be one strategy that would improve the integration of services and ensure that women stay engaged with the system.
JF  - Midwifery
AU  - Dowdell, Julie Anne
AU  - Fenwick, Jennifer
AU  - Bartu, Anne
AU  - Sharp, Jennie
AD  - Curtin University of Technology, School of Nursing and Midwifery, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia.
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - June 2009
SP  - 295
EP  - 306
VL  - 25
IS  - 3
KW  - Nursing
KW  - Qualitative Research
KW  - Depression, Postpartum -- psychology
KW  - Young Adult
KW  - House Calls
KW  - Nursing Methodology Research
KW  - Attitude to Health
KW  - Humans
KW  - Western Australia
KW  - Retrospective Studies
KW  - Depression, Postpartum -- prevention & control
KW  - Pregnancy
KW  - Adaptation, Psychological
KW  - Body Image
KW  - Adult
KW  - Social Support
KW  - Adolescent
KW  - Female
KW  - Attitude of Health Personnel
KW  - Pregnancy Complications -- psychology
KW  - Postpartum Period -- psychology
KW  - Maternal Behavior -- psychology
KW  - Nurse Midwives -- psychology
KW  - Substance-Related Disorders -- psychology
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date completed - 2009-08-20
N1  - Date created - 2009-05-13
N1  - Date revised - 2017-01-13
N1  - Last updated - 2017-01-18
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Reassessment of radiation risks from electrophysiology procedures compared to coronary angiography.
AN  - 67214246; 19119073
AB  - Electrophysiology (EP) procedures have been reported to carry a significantly greater radiation risk than that of coronary angiography (CA). This is largely due to numerous reports linking severe deterministic radiation effects to long procedure and fluoroscopy times (FTs). This study documents low radiation doses achieved by strategies involving operator training and education as well as equipment and technique optimisation to reduce radiation risks.
          Records relating to 732 diagnostic EP and 1744 therapeutic EP procedures performed between January 2002 and December 2007 were analysed. Data from 1458 diagnostic only CA procedures performed in 2006 was used for comparison. For each procedure type, FT, number of digital frames acquired and estimated effective dose (E) were compared. Although the FT for CA procedures is significantly less than for therapeutic EP procedures (FT for diagnostic EP being similar), EP procedures generally are associated with lower E, the exception being procedures for atrial fibrillation (AF).
          Through the application of a comprehensive exposure minimisation strategy, the radiation risk to patients undergoing diagnostic and, therapeutic EP procedures (except AF ablation procedures) is significantly less than that faced by patients undergoing CA. E, however, is heavily dependent on procedure type and as such care must be taken in undertaking generalised comparisons for audit and benchmarking purposes.
JF  - Heart, lung & circulation
AU  - Smith, Ian R
AU  - Rivers, John T
AU  - Hayes, John
AU  - Stafford, Wayne
AU  - Codd, Catrina
AD  - St Andrew's Medical Institute, C/- St Andrew's War Memorial Hospital, GPO Box 764, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia. ismith@sawmh.org.au
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - June 2009
SP  - 191
EP  - 199
VL  - 18
IS  - 3
KW  - Index Medicus
KW  - Radiation Dosage
KW  - Radiometry
KW  - Tomography, X-Ray Computed -- adverse effects
KW  - Risk Factors
KW  - Humans
KW  - Body Burden
KW  - Electrophysiologic Techniques, Cardiac -- adverse effects
KW  - Coronary Angiography -- adverse effects
KW  - Fluoroscopy -- adverse effects
KW  - Radiation Injuries -- etiology
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date completed - 2009-07-29
N1  - Date created - 2009-05-08
N1  - Date revised - 2017-01-13
N1  - Last updated - 2017-01-18
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hlc.2008.10.006
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Pet, Pest, Profit: Isolating Differences in Attitudes towards the Treatment of Animals
AN  - 61785595; 200931854
AB  - Despite the increasing interest in, and scope of, human-animal studies, few statistically robust measures of attitudes towards animals exist beyond the Animal Attitude Scale (AAS-Herzog, Betchart and Pittman 1991). While extensively utilized, the AAS does not discriminate between categories of animals, that is, pet, pest, and commercially valued species. The current study was therefore conducted to develop a scale aimed at isolating differences in attitudes towards animals across three different categories: (1) pet (companion animal), (2) pest, and (3) profit/utility animals (PPP). Despite limitations due to a low return rate (n = 210), the PPP scale proved to have strong internal reliability, and related well to the AAS. The development of this scale and initial validation are described. Scores on the "pet" subscale were found to be the highest, followed by those on the "profit" then "pest" scales. Other noteworthy results including interactions between gender, occupation, and scores on the PPP subscales are discussed. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - Anthrozoos
AU  - Taylor, Nicola
AU  - Signal, Tania D
AD  - School of Sociology, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia nik.taylor@flinders.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - June 2009
SP  - 129
EP  - 135
PB  - Berg Publishers, Oxford UK
VL  - 22
IS  - 2
SN  - 0892-7936, 0892-7936
KW  - attitudes to animals, pet, pest, profit
KW  - Animals
KW  - Attitudes
KW  - Animal Human Relations
KW  - article
KW  - 2656: environmental interactions; environmental interactions
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LA  - English
DB  - Sociological Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-03
N1  - Number of references - 19
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - CODEN - ANTHE9
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Attitudes; Animals; Animal Human Relations
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.2752/175303709X434158
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Law: Presidential Aides: Immunity from Congressional Process
AN  - 59933595; 200917886
AB  - The congressional investigation into the forced resignations of several U.S. attorneys and the subsequent civil lawsuit by Congress against the president has heightened interest in the doctrine of separation of powers. When the involvement of high-ranking presidential aides became apparent, the White House responded not only by claiming executive privilege, but also by asserting that the aides were immune from compulsory process and were not required to comply with congressional subpoenas. The declaration represents an attempt to expand the notion of executive privilege from qualified to absolute. Such an expansion is not consistent with either historical practice or the prevailing judicial understanding of executive privilege and the separation of powers. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - Presidential Studies Quarterly
AU  - TATELMAN, TODD B
AD  - Congressional Research Service, American Law Division
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - June 2009
SP  - 385
EP  - 399
PB  - Blackwell Publishing, Malden MA
VL  - 39
IS  - 2
SN  - 0360-4918, 0360-4918
KW  - Lawyers
KW  - Federalism
KW  - United States of America
KW  - Law
KW  - Immunity
KW  - Legislative Bodies
KW  - article
KW  - 9161: politics and law; politics and law
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LA  - English
DB  - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2010-10-21
N1  - Number of references - 16
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Law; Immunity; Federalism; Lawyers; United States of America; Legislative Bodies
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-5705.2009.03680.x
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Presidential Power in National Security: A Guide to the President-Elect
AN  - 59893179; 200916927
AB  - Over the last half century, presidents have read their national security powers in sweeping terms, doing great damage to themselves, their parties, the nation, and regions around the world. The effective use of military force and foreign policy initiatives requires the building of consensus, public understanding, and acting within the law. Too often, presidents have claimed the unilateral power to commit the nation to war by making uninformed references to the commander in chief clause. They have also asserted 'preeminence' in the making and conduct of foreign policy. Heavy political and constitutional costs flowed from miscalculations by Harry S. Truman in Korea, Lyndon B. Johnson in Southeast Asia, and George W. Bush in Iraq. Over the last seven years, the reputation of the United States has lost credit around the world because of indefinite detention without trial, torture memos, Abu Ghraib, Guantanamo, the claim of 'law-free zones,' extraordinary rendition, and other U.S. policies and practices. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - Presidential Studies Quarterly
AU  - Fisher, Louis
AD  - Library of Congress
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - June 2009
SP  - 347
EP  - 362
PB  - Blackwell Publishing, Malden MA
VL  - 39
IS  - 2
SN  - 0360-4918, 0360-4918
KW  - Presidents
KW  - Power
KW  - Reputation
KW  - Law
KW  - Foreign Policy
KW  - National Security
KW  - article
KW  - 9085: government/political systems; national governments/political systems
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Presidential+Studies+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Presidential+Power+in+National+Security%3A+A+Guide+to+the+President-Elect&rft.au=Fisher%2C+Louis&rft.aulast=Fisher&rft.aufirst=Louis&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=347&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Presidential+Studies+Quarterly&rft.issn=03604918&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1741-5705.2009.03678.x
LA  - English
DB  - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2010-10-21
N1  - Number of references - 22
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Power; Presidents; National Security; Law; Foreign Policy; Reputation
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-5705.2009.03678.x
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The United Nations Human Rights Council: Issues for Congress
AN  - 58842791; 2008-407154
AB  - Although the Bush Administration maintained that the new Human Rights Council structure also lacked mechanisms for "maintaining credible membership," the Barack Obama Administration participated as an observer in the 10th regular session of the Human Rights Council (held from March 2 to 27, 2009), but called the Council's trajectory "disturbing." The US was elected as a Council Member by the UN General Assembly on May 12, 2009, and its term will begin on June 19, 2009. Tables, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jun 1 2009, 19 pp.
AU  - Blanchfield, Luisa
Y1  - 2009/06/01/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 01
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - International relations - International organizations
KW  - Obama, Barack
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - United Nations Human rights council
KW  - Bush, George W.
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58842791?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Blanchfield%2C+Luisa&rft.aulast=Blanchfield&rft.aufirst=Luisa&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+United+Nations+Human+Rights+Council%3A+Issues+for+Congress&rft.title=The+United+Nations+Human+Rights+Council%3A+Issues+for+Congress&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL33608_20090601.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL33608
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Raising demand and the future of progressive politics
AN  - 58841897; 2008-409664
AB  - The economic crash has seen demand collapse. It can only be rebuilt by a radical transformation of British business practices and greater income equality, says Adam Lent. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - Public Policy Research
AU  - Lent, Adam
AD  - Head of Economic and Social Affairs at the Trades Union Congress (TUC)
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - June 2009
SP  - 85
EP  - 90
PB  - Blackwell Publishers, Oxford UK
VL  - 16
IS  - 2
SN  - 1744-5396, 1744-5396
KW  - Politics - Political ideologies and movements
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic conditions
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Social values
KW  - Progressivism
KW  - Business conditions
KW  - Income distribution
KW  - Economic stabilization
KW  - Great Britain
KW  - Equality
KW  - article
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apais&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Public+Policy+Research&rft.atitle=Raising+demand+and+the+future+of+progressive+politics&rft.au=Lent%2C+Adam&rft.aulast=Lent&rft.aufirst=Adam&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=85&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Public+Policy+Research&rft.issn=17445396&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1744-540X.2009.00561.x
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-10-21
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Progressivism; Economic stabilization; Great Britain; Business conditions; Income distribution; Equality
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-540X.2009.00561.x
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Access to Broadband Networks: The Net Neutrality Debate
AN  - 58824663; 2008-371983
AB  - The move to place restrictions on the owners of the networks that compose and provide access to the Internet, to ensure equal access and non-discriminatory treatment, is referred to as "net neutrality." Concern over whether it is necessary for policymakers to take steps to ensure access to the Internet for content, services, and applications providers, as well as consumers, and if so, what these steps should be, is a major focus in the debate over telecommunications reform.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jun 1 2009, 9 pp.
AU  - Gilroy, Angele A
Y1  - 2009/06/01/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jun 01
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Science and technology policy - Technology and technology policy
KW  - Science and technology policy - Telecommunications and communication systems
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - Science and technology policy - Computer science and information technology
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Consumers and consumption
KW  - United States
KW  - Infrastructure
KW  - Rural development
KW  - Diffusion of innovations
KW  - Consumers
KW  - Broadband communication systems
KW  - Telecommunications
KW  - Internet
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58824663?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Gilroy%2C+Angele+A&rft.aulast=Gilroy&rft.aufirst=Angele&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Access+to+Broadband+Networks%3A+The+Net+Neutrality+Debate&rft.title=Access+to+Broadband+Networks%3A+The+Net+Neutrality+Debate&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40616_20090601.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-31
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code R40616
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - How Lemmings on Wheels Can Make a U-Turn Through Social Inclusion and Democracy
AN  - 58818203; 2008-321321
AB  - The challenge is (a) to balance both centralised control to preserve the global commons and (b) to involve people in policy making so that they feel culturally engaged and committed to the policy. Dictatorships and forms of World government from above to support the global commons are no more of an answer than forms of liberal democracy that do not engage people in between national elections. Passive voting does not help people in diverse democracies to engage in thinking through 'if then scenarios' about their social, economic and environmental future. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - Systemic Practice and Action Research
AU  - McIntyre-Mills, Janet
AU  - de Vries, Denise
AD  - Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia janet.mcintyre@flinders.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - June 2009
SP  - 173
EP  - 200
PB  - Springer, The Netherlands
VL  - 22
IS  - 3
SN  - 1094-429X, 1094-429X
KW  - Environment and environmental policy - Ecology and environmental policy
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Community life and organization
KW  - Government - Forms of government
KW  - Politics - Political ideologies and movements
KW  - Politics - Elections and voting
KW  - Citizen participation
KW  - Elections
KW  - Commons
KW  - Democracy
KW  - Voting
KW  - article
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58818203?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apais&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Systemic+Practice+and+Action+Research&rft.atitle=How+Lemmings+on+Wheels+Can+Make+a+U-Turn+Through+Social+Inclusion+and+Democracy&rft.au=McIntyre-Mills%2C+Janet%3Bde+Vries%2C+Denise&rft.aulast=McIntyre-Mills&rft.aufirst=Janet&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=173&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Systemic+Practice+and+Action+Research&rft.issn=1094429X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11213-009-9121-4
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-10-21
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - CODEN - SPARFL
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Commons; Citizen participation; Democracy; Voting; Elections
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11213-009-9121-4
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Tradeoffs, synergies and traps among ecosystem services in the Lake Victoria basin of East Africa
AN  - 58817797; 2008-329099
AB  - Lake Victoria is a crucial ecosystem for over 25 million people in Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Rwanda and Burundi who live in the basin, and for the greater Nile river system downstream of the lake. Ecosystem management in the Lake Victoria basin has been highly extractive for most of the last 60 years, with the 1990s a period of marked decline in food production, economic contraction, rising poverty, increased burden of human disease, and more frequent floods. Lake Victoria itself is becoming eutrophic, with related problems of species extinctions and invasive species. There is evidence of poverty-environment traps: some households and areas appear to be caught in vicious cycles of low income, low investment in soil management, declines in soil fertility, and soil loss, while other households and areas are able to achieve higher incomes and investments, maintain soil fertility, and conserve soil on their farms. Concepts and approaches from the Millenium Ecosystem Assessment (MA) were applied in a study of ecosystem service tradeoffs, synergies and traps in two of the river basins that flow into Lake Victoria from Kenya (Yala and Nyando). Hydrologic units are the main geographic unit used in the analysis, with predictions of sediment yield serving as the main measure of regulating services. Provisioning services are evaluated through a spatially disaggregated analysis of agricultural production, yield and area that combines spatial data from aerial photographs with division-level price and yield estimates. The results illustrate considerable year-to-year variation in land use, agricultural production and sediment yield in the two basins. While overall production appears to be relatively stable at the basin level, there have been shifts in the geographic locus of production toward the upper parts of both basins. A spatial overlay of production and sediment yield indicates that different parts of the basins exhibit tradeoffs, synergies and traps. Results from this study have multiple uses in rural planning, agricultural investment, and watershed management. The results also suggest that the poverty traps conceptual framework may help to enrich the interpretative content of the MA approach. [Copyright Elsevier B.V.]
JF  - Environmental Science & Policy
AU  - Swallow, Brent M
AU  - Sang, Joseph K
AU  - Nyabenge, Meshack
AU  - Bundotich, Daniel K
AU  - Duraiappah, Anantha K
AU  - Yatich, Thomas B
AD  - World Agroforestry Centre, ICRAF, UN Avenue, Gigiri, P.O. Box 30677, Nairobi, GPO 00100, Kenya
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - June 2009
SP  - 504
EP  - 519
PB  - Elsevier Ltd, The Netherlands
VL  - 12
IS  - 4
SN  - 1462-9011, 1462-9011
KW  - Environment and environmental policy - Ecology and environmental policy
KW  - Agriculture and agricultural policy - Crop management and agricultural production
KW  - Environment and environmental policy - Geography and cartography
KW  - Agriculture and agricultural policy - Agricultural economics and farm holdings
KW  - Ecosystem services Kenya Hydrologic modelling Valuation Conservation agriculture Lake Victoria Wetlands Land use change
KW  - Farms
KW  - Soil fertility
KW  - Ecosystems
KW  - Nile river
KW  - East Africa
KW  - Lake Victoria
KW  - Watersheds
KW  - article
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apais&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Policy&rft.atitle=Tradeoffs%2C+synergies+and+traps+among+ecosystem+services+in+the+Lake+Victoria+basin+of+East+Africa&rft.au=Swallow%2C+Brent+M%3BSang%2C+Joseph+K%3BNyabenge%2C+Meshack%3BBundotich%2C+Daniel+K%3BDuraiappah%2C+Anantha+K%3BYatich%2C+Thomas+B&rft.aulast=Swallow&rft.aufirst=Brent&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=504&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Policy&rft.issn=14629011&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.envsci.2008.11.003
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-07-06
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Lake Victoria; Nile river; Ecosystems; Soil fertility; Watersheds; East Africa; Farms
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2008.11.003
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Illusion of Stability
AN  - 57724175; 200907987
AB  - Change is nothing new in libraries. Many public libraries, for example, have seen rapid upticks in usage counts as the U.S. economy struggles, while time-honored usage counts in academic libraries still head downward. When there are not many places to turn, people can still turn to libraries to help find work, to learn new skills, to connect with others, and to spend time safely when there are not enough other places to do that. But even if libraries seem like constants, they change dramatically all the time. The constant churn in libraries is obvious, like the ever-changing technologies, the information habits of patrons, the simultaneous increases and decreases in usage, and the shifting demographics of supporting communities. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - Computers in Libraries
AU  - Chudnov, Daniel
AD  - Office of Strategic Initiatives at the Library of Congress daniel.chudnov@gmail.com
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - June 2009
SP  - 31
EP  - 33
PB  - Information Today Inc
VL  - 29
IS  - 6
SN  - 1041-7915, 1041-7915
KW  - Management of change
KW  - Libraries
KW  - Information technology
KW  - article
KW  - 14.0: COMMUNICATIONS AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57724175?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Alisa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computers+in+Libraries&rft.atitle=The+Illusion+of+Stability&rft.au=Chudnov%2C+Daniel&rft.aulast=Chudnov&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=31&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computers+in+Libraries&rft.issn=10417915&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Library & Information Science Abstracts (LISA)
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-03
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-27
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Information technology; Management of change; Libraries
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Isolation and Characterisation of a 5-fatty Acid Elongase from the Marine Microalga Pavlova salina
AN  - 21251755; 11767992
AB  - The marine microalga Pavlova salina (Haptophyta, Pavlovophyceae) produces lipids containing approximately 50% n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). A full-length cDNA sequence, designated PsElo5, was isolated from P. salina. Sequence alignment showed that the gene was homologous to corresponding ELO-type elongases from other microalgae. Heterologous expression of PsElo5 in yeast and in higher plants confirmed that it encodes a specific 5-elongase activity as predicted and, furthermore, within the n-3 pathway, the elongation activity was confined exclusively to EPA.
JF  - Marine Biotechnology
AU  - Robert, Stanley S
AU  - Petrie, James R
AU  - Zhou, Xue-Rong
AU  - Mansour, Maged P
AU  - Blackburn, Susan I
AU  - Green, Allan G
AU  - Singh, Surinder P
AU  - Nichols, Peter D
AD  - Food Futures National Research Flagship, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, GPO Box 1538, Hobart, Tasmania, 7000, Australia, peter.nichols@csiro.au
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jun 2009
SP  - 410
EP  - 418
PB  - Springer-Verlag, 175 Fifth Ave. New York NY 10010 USA
VL  - 11
IS  - 3
SN  - 1436-2228, 1436-2228
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources
KW  - Yeasts
KW  - Marine
KW  - Lipids
KW  - Nucleotide sequence
KW  - Elongation
KW  - Docosahexaenoic acid
KW  - Eicosapentaenoic acid
KW  - Polyunsaturated fatty acids
KW  - Haptophyta
KW  - Pavlovophyceae
KW  - Biotechnology
KW  - Pavlova salina
KW  - Algae
KW  - O 1085:Biotechnology
KW  - Q1 08625:Non-edible products
KW  - Q4 27770:Algae
KW  - K 03310:Genetics & Taxonomy
KW  - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Isolation+and+Characterisation+of+a+5-fatty+Acid+Elongase+from+the+Marine+Microalga+Pavlova+salina&rft.au=Robert%2C+Stanley+S%3BPetrie%2C+James+R%3BZhou%2C+Xue-Rong%3BMansour%2C+Maged+P%3BBlackburn%2C+Susan+I%3BGreen%2C+Allan+G%3BSingh%2C+Surinder+P%3BNichols%2C+Peter+D&rft.aulast=Robert&rft.aufirst=Stanley&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=410&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Biotechnology&rft.issn=14362228&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10126-008-9157-y
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-02
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Yeasts; Polyunsaturated fatty acids; Biotechnology; Algae; Elongation; Docosahexaenoic acid; Nucleotide sequence; Lipids; Eicosapentaenoic acid; Pavlovophyceae; Haptophyta; Pavlova salina; Marine
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10126-008-9157-y
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Pneumoconiosis from Agricultural Dust Exposure among Young California Farmworkers
AN  - 21205724; 11584025
AB  - BACKGROUND: Agricultural workers are exposed to airborne pollutants, including organic and inorganic (mineral) dusts. OBJECTIVES: Lung autopsy specimens from consecutive coroner's cases of Hispanic males in Fresno County, California, (n = 112) were obtained to determine whether mineral dust exposure in agricultural work leads to pneumoconiosis. METHODS: The left lung was fixed by inflation. We evaluated airway and parenchymal pathology using standardized diagnostic criteria and semiquantitative grading schemata, including the grading of small airways for fibrosis and birefringent mineral dust particles. We analyzed lung dust burden on a subset of 37 lungs following bleach digestion, using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray spectrometry (XRS) and image analysis, and by X-ray diffraction for crystalline silica (CSi). Farmworkers comprised 51.5% and nonfarmworkers 48.5% of the samples. RESULTS: Proximal airways demonstrated little mineral dust accumulation, but membranous and respiratory bronchioles had wall thickening, remodeling, and inflammation associated with carbonaceous and mineral dust deposition. These changes were independently associated with agricultural work, cigarette smoking, and increased age. Mineral dust small airways disease, pneumoconiosis (macules and nodules), and pathologic changes consistent with chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and interstitial fibrosis predominated in farmworkers compared with nonfarmworkers. CSi, determined gravimetrically, and aluminum silicate particles, determined by SEM/XRS, were increased in the lungs of farmworkers compared with nonfarmworkers and were significantly (p 0.05) associated with small airway disease and pneumoconiosis. CONCLUSION: Mineral dust exposure is associated with increased small airway disease and pneumoconiosis among California farmworkers; however, the clinical significance and natural history of these changes remains to be determined.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Schenker, Marc B
AU  - Pinkerton, Kent E
AU  - Mitchell, Diane
AU  - Vallyathan, Val
AU  - Elvine-Kreis, Brenda
AU  - Green, Francis H Y
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jun 2009
SP  - 988
EP  - 994
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts
KW  - X 24380:Social Poisons & Drug Abuse
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Pneumoconiosis+from+Agricultural+Dust+Exposure+among+Young+California+Farmworkers&rft.au=Schenker%2C+Marc+B%3BPinkerton%2C+Kent+E%3BMitchell%2C+Diane%3BVallyathan%2C+Val%3BElvine-Kreis%2C+Brenda%3BGreen%2C+Francis+H+Y&rft.aulast=Schenker&rft.aufirst=Marc&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=988&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evidence That Humans Metabolize Benzene via Two Pathways
AN  - 21201202; 11584035
AB  - BACKGROUND: Recent evidence has shown that humans metabolize benzene more efficiently at environmental air concentrations than at concentrations 1 ppm. This led us to speculate that an unidentified metabolic pathway was mainly responsible for benzene metabolism at ambient levels. OBJECTIVE: We statistically tested whether human metabolism of benzene is better fitted by a kinetic model having two pathways rather than one. METHODS: We fit Michaelis-Menten-like models to levels of urinary benzene metabolites and the corresponding air concentrations for 263 nonsmoking Chinese females. Estimated benzene concentrations ranged from less than 0.001 ppm to 299 ppm, with 10th and 90th percentile values of 0.002 ppm and 8.97 ppm, respectively. RESULTS: Using values of Akaike's information criterion obtained under the two models, we found strong statistical evidence favoring two metabolic pathways, with respective affinities (benzene air concentrations analogous to K(m) values) of 301 ppm for the low-affinity pathway (probably dominated by cytochrome P450 enzyme 2E1) and 0.594 ppm for the high-affinity pathway (unknown). The exposure-specific metabolite level predicted by our two-pathway model at nonsaturating concentrations was 184 muM/ppm of benzene, a value close to an independent estimate of 194 muM/ppm for a typical nonsmoking Chinese female. Our results indicate that a nonsmoking woman would metabolize about three times more benzene from the ambient environment under the two-pathway model (184 muM/ppm) than under the one-pathway model (68.6 muM/ppm). In fact, 73% of the ambient benzene dose would be metabolized via the unidentified high-affinity pathway. CONCLUSION: Because regulatory risk assessments have assumed nonsaturating metabolism of benzene in persons exposed to air concentrations well above 10 ppm, our findings suggest that the true leukemia risks could be substantially greater than currently thought at ambient levels of exposure-about 3-fold higher among nonsmoking females in the general population.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Rappaport, Stephen M
AU  - Kim, Sungkyoon
AU  - Lan, Qing
AU  - Vermeulen, Roel
AU  - Waidyanatha, Suramya
AU  - Zhang, Luoping
AU  - Li, Guilan
AU  - Yin, Songnian
AU  - Hayes, Richard B
AU  - Rothman, Nathaniel
AU  - Smith, Martyn T
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jun 2009
SP  - 946
EP  - 952
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts
KW  - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Evidence+That+Humans+Metabolize+Benzene+via+Two+Pathways&rft.au=Rappaport%2C+Stephen+M%3BKim%2C+Sungkyoon%3BLan%2C+Qing%3BVermeulen%2C+Roel%3BWaidyanatha%2C+Suramya%3BZhang%2C+Luoping%3BLi%2C+Guilan%3BYin%2C+Songnian%3BHayes%2C+Richard+B%3BRothman%2C+Nathaniel%3BSmith%2C+Martyn+T&rft.aulast=Rappaport&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=946&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - California Wildfires of 2008: Coarse and Fine Particulate Matter Toxicity
AN  - 21196659; 11584043
AB  - BACKGROUND: During the last week of June 2008, central and northern California experienced thousands of forest and brush fires, giving rise to a week of severe fire-related particulate air pollution throughout the region. California experienced PM(10-2.5) (particulate matter with mass median aerodynamic diameter 2.5 mum to 10 mum; coarse ) and PM(2.5) (particulate matter with mass median aerodynamic diameter 2.5 mum; fine) concentrations greatly in excess of the air quality standards and among the highest values reported at these stations since data have been collected. OBJECTIVES: These observations prompt a number of questions about the health impact of exposure to elevated levels of PM(10-2.5) and PM(2.5) and about the specific toxicity of PM arising from wildfires in this region. METHODS: Toxicity of PM(10-2.5) and PM(2.5) obtained during the time of peak concentrations of smoke in the air was determined with a mouse bioassay and compared with PM samples collected under normal conditions from the region during the month of June 2007. RESULTS: Concentrations of PM were not only higher during the wildfire episodes, but the PM was much more toxic to the lung on an equal weight basis than was PM collected from normal ambient air in the region. Toxicity was manifested as increased neutrophils and protein in lung lavage and by histologic indicators of increased cell influx and edema in the lung. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that the wildfire PM contains chemical components toxic to the lung, especially to alveolar macrophages, and they are more toxic to the lung than equal doses of PM collected from ambient air from the same region during a comparable season.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Wegesser, Teresa C
AU  - Pinkerton, Kent E
AU  - Last, Jerold A
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jun 2009
SP  - 893
EP  - 897
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts
KW  - Fires
KW  - wildfire
KW  - Forests
KW  - Pollution effects
KW  - Particulates
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Air quality standards
KW  - Smoke
KW  - Bioassays
KW  - Lung
KW  - edema
KW  - Aerodynamics
KW  - Proteins
KW  - USA, California
KW  - Chemical analysis
KW  - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION
KW  - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - wildfire; Fires; Pollution effects; Forests; Toxicity; Particulates; Smoke; Air quality standards; Air pollution; Bioassays; edema; Lung; Aerodynamics; Proteins; Chemical analysis; USA, California
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Emergency Admissions for Cardiovascular and Respiratory Diseases and the Chemical Composition of Fine Particle Air Pollution
AN  - 21190438; 11584033
AB  - BACKGROUND: Population-based studies have estimated health risks of short-term exposure to fine particles using mass of PM(2.5) (particulate matter or= 2.5 microm in aerodynamic diameter) as the indicator. Evidence regarding the toxicity of the chemical components of the PM(2.5) mixture is limited. OBJECTIVE: In this study we investigated the association between hospital admission for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and respiratory disease and the chemical components of PM(2.5) in the United States. METHODS: We used a national database comprising daily data for 2000-2006 on emergency hospital admissions for cardiovascular and respiratory outcomes, ambient levels of major PM(2.5) chemical components [sulfate, nitrate, silicon, elemental carbon (EC), organic carbon matter (OCM), and sodium and ammonium ions], and weather. Using Bayesian hierarchical statistical models, we estimated the associations between daily levels of PM(2.5) components and risk of hospital admissions in 119 U.S. urban communities for 12 million Medicare enrollees (or= 65 years of age). RESULTS: In multiple-pollutant models that adjust for the levels of other pollutants, an interquartile range (IQR) increase in EC was associated with a 0.80% [95% posterior interval (PI), 0.34-1.27%] increase in risk of same-day cardiovascular admissions, and an IQR increase in OCM was associated with a 1.01% (95% PI, 0.04-1.98%) increase in risk of respiratory admissions on the same day. Other components were not associated with cardiovascular or respiratory hospital admissions in multiple-pollutant models. CONCLUSIONS: Ambient levels of EC and OCM, which are generated primarily from vehicle emissions, diesel, and wood burning, were associated with the largest risks of emergency hospitalization across the major chemical constituents of PM(2.5).
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Peng, Roger D
AU  - Bell, Michelle L
AU  - Geyh, Alison S
AU  - McDermott, Aidan
AU  - Zeger, Scott L
AU  - Samet, Jonathan M
AU  - Dominici, Francesca
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jun 2009
SP  - 957
EP  - 963
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Pollution Abstracts; Risk Abstracts
KW  - Sulfates
KW  - Ions
KW  - Weather
KW  - Ammonium
KW  - Mathematical models
KW  - Chemical composition
KW  - Wood
KW  - Respiratory diseases
KW  - Particulates
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - burning
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Sodium
KW  - USA
KW  - Carbon
KW  - Cardiovascular diseases
KW  - Chemical analysis
KW  - emergency medical services
KW  - Urban areas
KW  - Hospitals
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sulfates; Ammonium; Weather; Ions; Chemical composition; Mathematical models; Wood; Toxicity; Particulates; Respiratory diseases; burning; Sodium; Air pollution; Carbon; Cardiovascular diseases; Chemical analysis; emergency medical services; Hospitals; Urban areas; USA
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Do Perfluoroalkyl Compounds Impair Human Semen Quality?
AN  - 21187963; 11584038
AB  - BACKGROUND: Perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) are found globally in wildlife and humans and are suspected to act as endocrine disruptors. There are no previous reports of PFAA levels in adult men from Denmark or of a possible association between semen quality and PFAA exposure. OBJECTIVES: We investigated possible associations between PFAAs and testicular function. We hypothesized that higher PFAA levels would be associated with lower semen quality and lower testosterone levels. METHODS: We analyzed serum samples for levels of 10 different PFAAs and reproductive hormones and assessed semen quality in 105 Danish men from the general population (median age, 19 years). RESULTS: Considerable levels of perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), and perfluorohexane sulfonic acid were found in all young men (medians of 24.5, 4.9, and 6.6 ng/mL, respectively). Men with high combined levels of PFOS and PFOA had a median of 6.2 million normal spermatozoa in their ejaculate in contrast to 15.5 million among men with low PFOS-PFOA (p = 0.030). In addition, we found nonsignificant trends with regard to lower sperm concentration, lower total sperm counts, and altered pituitary-gonadal hormones among men with high PFOS-PFOA levels. CONCLUSION: High PFAA levels were associated with fewer normal sperm. Thus, high levels of PFAAs may contribute to the otherwise unexplained low semen quality often seen in young men. However, our findings need to be corroborated in larger studies.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Joensen, Ulla Nordstroem
AU  - Bossi, Rossana
AU  - Leffers, Henrik
AU  - Jensen, Allan Astrup
AU  - Skakkebaek, Niels E
AU  - Joergensen, Niels
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jun 2009
SP  - 923
EP  - 927
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts; Environmental Engineering Abstracts
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Effect of Fine and Coarse Particulate Air Pollution on Mortality: A National Analysis
AN  - 21184307; 11584042
AB  - BACKGROUND: Although many studies have examined the effects of air pollution on mortality, data limitations have resulted in fewer studies of both particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of or= 2.5 microm (PM(2.5); fine particles) and of coarse particles (particles with an aerodynamic diameter 2.5 and 10 microm; PM coarse). We conducted a national, multicity time-series study of the acute effect of PM(2.5) and PM coarse on the increased risk of death for all causes, cardiovascular disease (CVD), myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, and respiratory mortality for the years 1999-2005. METHOD: We applied a city- and season-specific Poisson regression in 112 U.S. cities to examine the association of mean (day of death and previous day) PM(2.5) and PM coarse with daily deaths. We combined the city-specific estimates using a random effects approach, in total, by season and by region. RESULTS: We found a 0.98% increase [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.75-1.22] in total mortality, a 0.85% increase (95% CI, 0.46-1.24) in CVD, a 1.18% increase (95% CI, 0.48-1.89) in MI, a 1.78% increase (95% CI, 0.96-2.62) in stroke, and a 1.68% increase (95% CI, 1.04-2.33) in respiratory deaths for a 10-microg/m(3) increase in 2-day averaged PM(2.5). The effects were higher in spring. For PM coarse, we found significant but smaller increases for all causes analyzed. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that our analysis showed an increased risk of mortality for all and specific causes associated with PM(2.5), and the risks are higher than what was previously observed for PM(10). In addition, coarse particles are also associated with more deaths.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Zanobetti, Antonella
AU  - Schwartz, Joel
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jun 2009
SP  - 898
EP  - 903
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Pollution Abstracts; Risk Abstracts
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Mortality
KW  - stroke
KW  - USA
KW  - myocardial infarction
KW  - time series analysis
KW  - Aerodynamics
KW  - Pollution effects
KW  - Particulates
KW  - Cardiovascular diseases
KW  - Urban areas
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air pollution; stroke; Mortality; myocardial infarction; time series analysis; Aerodynamics; Pollution effects; Cardiovascular diseases; Particulates; Urban areas; USA
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Prenatal Exposure to Bisphenol A at Environmentally Relevant Doses Adversely Affects the Murine Female Reproductive Tract Later in Life
AN  - 21183023; 11584021
AB  - BACKGROUND: Exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals during critical developmental periods causes adverse consequences later in life; an example is prenatal exposure to the pharmaceutical diethylstilbestrol (DES). Bisphenol A (BPA), an environmental estrogen used in the synthesis of plastics, is of concern because its chemical structure resembles that of DES, and it is a "high-volume production" chemical with widespread human exposure. OBJECTIVES: In this study we investigated whether prenatal BPA causes long-term adverse effects in female reproductive tissues in an experimental animal model previously shown useful in studying effects of prenatal DES. METHODS: Timed pregnant CD-1 mice were treated on days 9-16 of gestation with BPA (0.1, 1, 10, 100, or 1,000 mug/kg/day). After delivery, pups were held for 18 months; reproductive tissues were then evaluated. RESULTS: Ovarian cysts were significantly increased in the 1-mug/kg BPA group; ovarian cyst-adenomas were seen in the other three BPA-treated groups but not in corn-oil controls. We observed increased progressive proliferative lesions of the oviduct after BPA treatment, similar to those described in response to DES. Further, although not statistically different from the controls, prominent mesonephric (Wolffian) remnants and squamous metaplasia of the uterus, as well as vaginal adenosis, were present in BPA-treated mice, similar to lesions reported following DES treatment. More severe pathologies observed in some BPA-treated animals included atypical hyperplasia and stromal polyps of the uterus; sarcoma of the uterine cervix; and mammary adenocarcinoma. We did not observe these lesions in controls. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that BPA causes long-term adverse reproductive and carcinogenic effects if exposure occurs during critical periods of differentiation.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Newbold, Retha R
AU  - Jefferson, Wendy N
AU  - Padilla-Banks, Elizabeth
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jun 2009
SP  - 879
EP  - 885
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts
KW  - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Estimating Regional Spatial and Temporal Variability of PM sub 2.5 Concentrations Using Satellite Data, Meteorology, and Land Use Information
AN  - 21143356; 11584044
AB  - BACKGROUND: Studies of chronic health effects due to exposures to particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters or= 2.5 microm (PM(2.5)) are often limited by sparse measurements. Satellite aerosol remote sensing data may be used to extend PM(2.5) ground networks to cover a much larger area. OBJECTIVES: In this study we examined the benefits of using aerosol optical depth (AOD) retrieved by the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) in conjunction with land use and meteorologic information to estimate ground-level PM(2.5) concentrations. METHODS: We developed a two-stage generalized additive model (GAM) for U.S. Environmental Protection Agency PM(2.5) concentrations in a domain centered in Massachusetts. The AOD model represents conditions when AOD retrieval is successful; the non-AOD model represents conditions when AOD is missing in the domain. RESULTS: The AOD model has a higher predicting power judged by adjusted R(2) (0.79) than does the non-AOD model (0.48). The predicted PM(2.5) concentrations by the AOD model are, on average, 0.8-0.9 microg/m(3) higher than the non-AOD model predictions, with a more smooth spatial distribution, higher concentrations in rural areas, and the highest concentrations in areas other than major urban centers. Although AOD is a highly significant predictor of PM(2.5), meteorologic parameters are major contributors to the better performance of the AOD model. CONCLUSIONS: GOES aerosol/smoke product (GASP) AOD is able to summarize a set of weather and land use conditions that stratify PM(2.5) concentrations into two different spatial patterns. Even if land use regression models do not include AOD as a predictor variable, two separate models should be fitted to account for different PM(2.5) spatial patterns related to AOD availability.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Liu, Yang
AU  - Paciorek, Christopher J
AU  - Koutrakis, Petros
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jun 2009
SP  - 886
EP  - 892
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Environmental Engineering Abstracts
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effects of Ambient Air Pollution on Hemostasis and Inflammation
AN  - 21143337; 11584024
AB  - BACKGROUND: Air pollution has consistently been associated with increased morbidity and mortality due to respiratory and cardiovascular disease. Underlying biological mechanisms are not entirely clear, and hemostasis and inflammation are suggested to be involved. OBJECTIVES: Our aim was to study the association of the variation in local concentrations of airborne particulate matter (PM) with aerodynamic diameter 10 mum, carbon monoxide, nitrogen monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, and ozone with platelet aggregation, thrombin generation, fibrinogen, and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in healthy individuals. METHODS: From 40 healthy volunteers, we collected 13 consecutive blood samples within a 1-year period and measured light-transmittance platelet aggregometry, thrombin generation, fibrinogen, and CRP. We performed regression analysis using generalized additive models to study the association between the hemostatic and inflammatory variables, and local environmental concentrations of air pollutants for time lags within 24 hr before blood sampling or 24-96 hr before blood sampling. RESULTS: In general, air pollutants were associated with platelet aggregation [average, +8% per interquartile range (IQR), p 0.01] and thrombin generation (average, +1% per IQR, p 0.05). Platelet aggregation was not affected by in vitro incubation of plasma with PM. We observed no relationship between any of the air pollutants and fibrinogen or CRP levels. CONCLUSIONS: Air pollution increased platelet aggregation as well as coagulation activity but had no clear effect on systemic inflammation. These prothrombotic effects may partly explain the relationship between air pollution and the risk of ischemic cardiovascular disease.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Rudez, Goran
AU  - Janssen, Nicole A H
AU  - Kilinc, Evren
AU  - Leebeek, Frank W G
AU  - Gerlofs-Nijland, Miriam E
AU  - Spronk, Henri M H
AU  - ten Cate, Hugo
AU  - Cassee, Flemming R
AU  - de Maat, Moniek P M
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jun 2009
SP  - 995
EP  - 1001
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Pollution Abstracts; Risk Abstracts
KW  - Mortality
KW  - Coagulation
KW  - Pollution effects
KW  - Particulates
KW  - Morbidity
KW  - Nitrogen dioxide
KW  - Carbon monoxide
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Aerodynamics
KW  - Proteins
KW  - Cardiovascular diseases
KW  - Ozone
KW  - Nitrogen
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mortality; Coagulation; Pollution effects; Particulates; Morbidity; Air pollution; Carbon monoxide; Nitrogen dioxide; Aerodynamics; Proteins; Cardiovascular diseases; Nitrogen; Ozone
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Ameboma of the colon with amebic liver abscess mimicking metastatic colon cancer
AN  - 21109284; 11332779
AB  - Amebic colitis is common in developing countries, with its variable and non-specific symptoms. Amebomas occur rarely, resulting from the formation of annular granulation tissue, usually in the cecum and in the ascending colon. This report describes the case of a 59-year-old male who presented with abdominal pain. Radiological examination depicted concentric thickening of the cecal wall with mass formation and a cystic lesion in the liver. The endoscopy performed showed a growth in the ascending colon. Biopsy revealed extensive necrosis and inflammatory cells. The patient was referred to this hospital for surgical treatment with a provisional diagnosis of carcinoma of the colon. Peroperatively, a cecal mass was identified. However, suspected secondaries were not seen on the surface of the liver. Histological examination of the right hemicolectomy specimen revealed cecal and ascending colon amebomas. Trophozoites of Entamoeba histolytica were better recognized after periodic acid-Schiff staining. Treatment with Metronidazole for 2 weeks followed by diloxanide furoate for an additional 2 weeks was administered. The liver lesion resolved completely after 8 weeks. Colonic ameboma accompanied by amebic liver abscess may be misdiagnosed as metastatic colon cancer. A high index of suspicion is essential for diagnosis when dealing with colonic masses and liver lesions, especially in the tropics.
JF  - Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology
AU  - Fernandes, H
AU  - D'Souza, CRS
AU  - Swethadri, G K
AU  - Naik, CNR
AD  - Department of Pathology, Fr Muller Medical College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jun 2009
SP  - 228
EP  - 230
VL  - 52
IS  - 2
SN  - 0377-4929, 0377-4929
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology
KW  - Metronidazole
KW  - Mimicry
KW  - Entamoeba histolytica
KW  - Biopsy
KW  - Pain
KW  - Colon cancer
KW  - Abscesses
KW  - Endoscopy
KW  - Inflammation
KW  - Metastases
KW  - Necrosis
KW  - Liver
KW  - Cecum
KW  - Colitis
KW  - Developing countries
KW  - Ameboma
KW  - Trophozoites
KW  - Hospitals
KW  - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Indian+Journal+of+Pathology+and+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Ameboma+of+the+colon+with+amebic+liver+abscess+mimicking+metastatic+colon+cancer&rft.au=Fernandes%2C+H%3BD%27Souza%2C+CRS%3BSwethadri%2C+G+K%3BNaik%2C+CNR&rft.aulast=Fernandes&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=228&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Indian+Journal+of+Pathology+and+Microbiology&rft.issn=03774929&rft_id=info:doi/10.4103%2F0377-4929.48927
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mimicry; Metronidazole; Pain; Biopsy; Colon cancer; Abscesses; Inflammation; Endoscopy; Metastases; Necrosis; Liver; Cecum; Developing countries; Colitis; Ameboma; Hospitals; Trophozoites; Entamoeba histolytica
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0377-4929.48927
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Biomarker Response of Pink Snapper to Chronic Exposure to Synthetic-Based Drilling Muds
AN  - 20955766; 11040220
AB  - In Western Australia, the discharge of drill cuttings at sea is permitted under certain conditions set by regulatory authorities. These drill cuttings are coated with the drilling muds used during the drilling process. Synthetic-based drilling muds (SBMs) are increasingly used in exploration drilling. However, very little is known of their long-term toxicity in the marine environment. The impetus for the present study arose from the concerns raised regarding the long-term environmental impacts of SBMs on marine biota. The project investigated the chronic toxicity of two SBMs, Syndrill 80:20 and Syndrill 90:10, to a marine fish, the pink snapper (Pagrus auratus Forster). Juvenile fish were exposed under laboratory conditions to the two SBMs for 21 days, after which biomarkers of exposure (ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase [EROD] activity and biliary metabolites) and biomarkers of effects (condition factor, liver somatic index, serum sorbitol dehydrogenase [SDH], DNA damage and heat shock stress proteins HSP-70) were measured and compared to an unexposed group. Results demonstrated that exposure of juvenile pink snapper to the drilling muds Syndrill 80:20 and Syndrill 90:10, did not result in changes in condition factor and liver somatic index. Similarly it did not induce EROD activity nor heat shock stress protein HSP-70 levels, relative to the unexposed group. However, chronic exposure to the SBMs did result in elevated serum SDH levels, as well as increased DNA damage in fish blood. In addition, exposure offish to the two SBMs resulted in the presence of biliary metabolites, which may potentially interfere with the measurement of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) metabolites in petroleum-exposed fish. The results of this exploratory study into the chronic exposure of fish to SBMs indicate that SBMs have the potential to affect fish health, and that SBMs should be tested on an individual basis to assess their potential chronic toxicity to fish.
JF  - Environmental Bioindicators
AU  - Bakhtyar, S
AU  - Gagnon, M M
AD  - Department of Environmental and Aquatic Sciences, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845, m.gagnon@curtin.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jun 2009
SP  - 136
EP  - 152
VL  - 4
IS  - 2
SN  - 1555-5275, 1555-5275
KW  - Ecology Abstracts
KW  - Pagrus auratus
KW  - DNA damage
KW  - Condition factor
KW  - Chronic exposure
KW  - stress proteins
KW  - Liver
KW  - Drilling
KW  - Metabolites
KW  - biomarkers
KW  - D 04060:Management and Conservation
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-10-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - DNA damage; Condition factor; Chronic exposure; Liver; stress proteins; Drilling; Metabolites; biomarkers; Pagrus auratus
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15555270902970611
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Expression of Antimicrobial Peptide Lysozyme is Increased by Treatment with Silver Nanoparticle (Atomyball S+) in Mammalian Epithelial Cells
AN  - 20800152; 10831761
AB  - In recent years, the use of silver nanoparticles (SNPs) is gaining ground especially on its use as disinfectant or antiseptic. The application of SNPs in the manufacture of medical devices and products is attributed to its high antibacterial efficacy. But while most of the studies on SNPs focus on its direct effect on bacteria, investigations have not been done on the effect of SNPs on mammalian innate immune molecules that possess bacterial killing capacity. Thus, in this report, we determined whether SNPs could affect naturally occurring antimicrobial molecules. We used here a silver nanoparticle, termed S (Atomyball S+), which has a size of 5 nanometers (nm), and treated it to lung epithelial cell lines A549 and Calu-3. A low concentration of nanoparticle S (5 kg/ml) did not induce cell toxicity as determined by lactate dehydrogenase assay. Interestingly, we observed that S increased the mRNA and protein expression levels of the antimicrobial peptide lysozyme, which is considered as one of the most important host immune defense molecules in human epithelial tissues. Quantification of the secreted lysozyme in the apical surface fluid obtained from air-liquid interface cultures of Calu-3 cells also revealed a significant increase of lysozyme in cells treated with nanoparticle S. Although the mechanism of its action on lysozyme is yet to be elucidated, these findings firstly suggest that the silver nanoparticle S (Atomyball S+) positively regulated the expression of antimicrobial peptide lysozyme in mammalian cells.
JF  - Journal of Health Science
AU  - Suico, MA
AU  - Tanaka, A
AU  - Shuto, T
AU  - Kai, H
AD  - Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan, hirokai@gpo.kumamoto-u.ac.jp
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jun 2009
SP  - 456
EP  - 462
VL  - 55
IS  - 3
SN  - 1344-9702, 1344-9702
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Immunology Abstracts
KW  - Epithelial cells
KW  - Lysozyme
KW  - Cell culture
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - mRNA
KW  - Antimicrobial agents
KW  - L-Lactate dehydrogenase
KW  - Gene expression
KW  - Disinfectants
KW  - Mammalian cells
KW  - Antiseptics
KW  - Single-nucleotide polymorphism
KW  - Lung
KW  - Antimicrobial peptides
KW  - Silver
KW  - nanoparticles
KW  - A 01340:Antibiotics & Antimicrobials
KW  - W 30915:Pharmaceuticals & Vaccines
KW  - F 06910:Microorganisms & Parasites
KW  - J 02340:Antibiotics & Antimicrobials
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-09-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-04-17
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Lysozyme; Epithelial cells; Cell culture; Toxicity; L-Lactate dehydrogenase; Antimicrobial agents; mRNA; Gene expression; Disinfectants; Mammalian cells; Lung; Single-nucleotide polymorphism; Antiseptics; nanoparticles; Silver; Antimicrobial peptides
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effects of Renovation Work on Air Quality and Occupants Health in University Buildings
AN  - 20790899; 10874708
AB  - This study aimed to prevent chemical air pollution and reduce its influence on occupants' health in a university building under renovation. Since starting the renovation work, the occupants' health status was monitored using questionnaires every summer and winter. According to a first questionnaire collected before the renovation, subjective symptoms were not observed. However, some occupants complained about odor after moving into their new rooms. Therefore, all interior materials used for the construction work were examined in small chambers to obtain their chemical emission characteristics. The assembled floor, which was a polyvinyl chloride floor sheet combined with a concrete slab by adhesive, was predicted to be the main source of odor in the renovated rooms. Two strategies were implemented individually in rooms to remove these odorous chemicals; a chemical filter in indoor air conditioning units and forced ventilation with hot-humid outdoor air. The performance of each technique was validated by measuring the indoor concentration before and after operation. These results showed that both strategies had a significant effect on reducing volatile organic compounds (VOCs), in a practical way.
JF  - Clean: Soil, Air, Water
AU  - Hasegawa, Asako
AU  - Schleibinger, Hans
AU  - Nong, Gang
AU  - Lusztyk, Ewa
AD  - Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan., asako@gpo.kumamoto-u.ac.jp
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jun 2009
SP  - 475
EP  - 480
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA, [mailto:info@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/WileyCDA/Brand/id-35.html]
VL  - 37
IS  - 6-7
SN  - 1863-0650, 1863-0650
KW  - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Pollution monitoring
KW  - Symptoms
KW  - Ventilation
KW  - Air conditioning
KW  - Chlorides
KW  - Pollution effects
KW  - Summer
KW  - Odors
KW  - Concrete
KW  - Winter
KW  - Soil
KW  - Emissions
KW  - Volatile compounds
KW  - Chemical pollution
KW  - Adhesives
KW  - Air Pollution
KW  - Slabs
KW  - Buildings
KW  - Filters
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - winter
KW  - Air Conditioning
KW  - summer
KW  - Organic Compounds
KW  - Organic compounds
KW  - Indoor environments
KW  - Volatile organic compounds
KW  - Pollution control
KW  - SW 5010:Network design
KW  - AQ 00006:Sewage
KW  - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION
KW  - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development
KW  - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments
KW  - ENA 01:Air Pollution
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-09-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-05
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air pollution; Symptoms; Pollution monitoring; Air conditioning; Volatile compounds; Organic compounds; Chemical pollution; Adhesives; Pollution control; Ventilation; Chlorides; Pollution effects; Summer; Odors; Buildings; Concrete; Winter; Soil; Filters; winter; Emissions; summer; Indoor environments; Volatile organic compounds; Air Pollution; Slabs; Air Conditioning; Organic Compounds
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/clen.200800215
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Postural Changes in Blood Pressure Associated with Interactions between Candidate Genes for Chronic Respiratory Diseases and Exposure to Particulate Matter
AN  - 20776976; 10295402
AB  - Background: Fine particulate matter [aerodynamic diameter aO 2.5 I14m (PM sub(2.5))] has been associated with autonomic dysregulation. Objective We hypothesized that PM sub(2.5) influences postural changes in systolic blood pressure (ISBP) and in diastolic blood pressure (IDBP) and that this effect is modified by genes thought to be related to chronic lung disease. Methods We measured blood pressure in participants every 3a5 years. ISBP and IDBP were calculated as sitting minus standing SBP and DBP. We averaged PM sub(2.5) over 48 hr before study visits and analyzed 202 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 25 genes. To address multiple comparisons, data were stratified into a split sample. In the discovery cohort, the effects of SNP A PM sub(2.5) interactions on ISBP and IDBP were analyzed using mixed models with subject-specific random intercepts. We defined positive outcomes as p & 0.1 for the interaction; we analyzed only these SNPs in the replicate cohort and confirmed them if p & 0.025 with the same sign. Confirmed associations were analyzed within the full cohort in models adjusted for anthropometric and lifestyle factors. Results Nine hundred forty-five participants were included in our analysis. One interaction with rs9568232 in PHD finger protein 11 (PHF11) was associated with greater IDBP. Interactions with rs1144393 in matrix metalloprotease 1 (MMP1) and rs16930692, rs7955200, and rs10771283 in inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor, type 2 (ITPR2) were associated with significantly greater ISBP. Because SNPs associated with ISBP in our analysis are in genes along the reninaangiotensin pathway, we then examined medications affecting that pathway and observed significant interactions for angiotensin receptor blockers but not angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors with PM sub(2.5). Conclusions PM sub(2.5) influences blood pressure and autonomic function. This effect is modified by genes and drugs that also act along this pathway.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Wilker, Elissa
AU  - Mittleman, Murray A
AU  - Litonjua, Augusto A
AU  - Poon, Audrey
AU  - Baccarelli, Andrea
AU  - Suh, Helen
AU  - Wright, Robert O
AU  - Sparrow, David
AU  - Vokonas, Pantel
AU  - Schwartz, Joel
AD  - Department of Environmental Health and
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jun 2009
SP  - 935
EP  - 940
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Genetics Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - aging and susceptible populations
KW  - blood pressure
KW  - environmental epidemiology
KW  - gene-environment interaction
KW  - particulate matter
KW  - Particle size
KW  - enzyme inhibitors
KW  - Autonomic nervous system
KW  - Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
KW  - Angiotensin receptors
KW  - Particulate matter
KW  - Lung diseases
KW  - Matrix metalloproteinase
KW  - Particulates
KW  - Respiratory diseases
KW  - Blood pressure
KW  - Models
KW  - Lung
KW  - Single-nucleotide polymorphism
KW  - Aerodynamics
KW  - Proteins
KW  - Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
KW  - Posture
KW  - Drugs
KW  - G 07720:Immunogenetics
KW  - X 24360:Metals
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-05-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Autonomic nervous system; Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; Angiotensin receptors; Single-nucleotide polymorphism; Particulate matter; Lung diseases; Matrix metalloproteinase; Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate; Posture; Drugs; Blood pressure; Models; Particle size; enzyme inhibitors; Lung; Aerodynamics; Proteins; Respiratory diseases; Particulates
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0800279
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Review of Events That Expose Children to Elemental Mercury in the United States
AN  - 20776911; 10295392
AB  - Objective Concern for children exposed to elemental mercury prompted the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to review the sources of elemental mercury exposures in children, describe the location and proportion of children affected, and make recommendations on how to prevent these exposures. In this review, we excluded mercury exposures from coal-burning facilities, dental amalgams, fish consumption, medical waste incinerators, or thimerosal-containing vaccines. Data sources We reviewed federal, state, and regional programs with information on mercury releases along with published reports of children exposed to elemental mercury in the United States. We selected all mercury-related events that were documented to expose (or potentially expose) children. We then explored event characteristics (i.e., the exposure source, location). Data synthesis Primary exposure locations were at home, at school, and at other locations such as industrial property not adequately remediated or medical facilities. Exposure to small spills from broken thermometers was the most common scenario; however, reports of such exposures are declining. Discussion and conclusions Childhood exposures to elemental mercury often result from inappropriate handling or cleanup of spilled mercury. The information reviewed suggests that most releases do not lead to demonstrable harm if the exposure period is short and the mercury is properly cleaned up. Recommendations Primary prevention should include health education and policy initiatives. For larger spills, better coordination among existing surveillance systems would assist in understanding the risk factors and in developing effective prevention efforts.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Lee, Robin
AU  - Middleton, Dan
AU  - Caldwell, Kathleen
AU  - Dearwent, Steve
AU  - Jones, Steven
AU  - Lewis, Brian
AU  - Monteilh, Carolyn
AU  - Mortensen, Mary Ellen
AU  - Nickle, Richard
AU  - Orloff, Kenneth
AU  - Reger, Meghan
AU  - Risher, John
AU  - Rogers, Helen Schurz
AU  - Watters, Michelle
AD  - Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jun 2009
SP  - 871
EP  - 878
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Toxicology Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality
KW  - children
KW  - elemental mercury
KW  - environmental health
KW  - exposure
KW  - United States
KW  - Teeth
KW  - vaccines
KW  - Toxic substances
KW  - Heavy metals
KW  - Disease control
KW  - disease control
KW  - Toxicity tests
KW  - dental restorative materials
KW  - schools
KW  - Risk factors
KW  - Thermometers
KW  - prevention
KW  - Seafood
KW  - Pollution indicators
KW  - Hospital wastes
KW  - Dental restorative materials
KW  - Medical wastes
KW  - Data processing
KW  - Wastes
KW  - Children
KW  - USA
KW  - Education
KW  - Literature reviews
KW  - Reviews
KW  - Incinerators
KW  - Mercury
KW  - Vaccines
KW  - Hazardous wastes
KW  - A 01380:Plant Protection, Fungicides & Seed Treatments
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - X 24360:Metals
KW  - Q5 08505:Prevention and control
KW  - H 4000:Food and Drugs
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-05-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Teeth; Literature reviews; Heavy metals; Thermometers; Disease control; Mercury; Vaccines; Pollution indicators; Toxicity tests; Dental restorative materials; Data processing; Risk factors; Reviews; Wastes; Incinerators; Children; vaccines; Medical wastes; Toxic substances; disease control; Education; dental restorative materials; schools; prevention; Seafood; Hospital wastes; Hazardous wastes; USA
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0800337
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - CHILDRENaS HEALTH: Gene Variants May Predict Lung Health
AN  - 20774694; 10295419
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Weinhold, Bob
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jun 2009
SP  - A243
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Lung
KW  - ENA 07:General
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Lung
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Biological Monitoring for Depleted Uranium Exposure in U.S. Veterans
AN  - 20774651; 10295405
AB  - Background As part of an ongoing medical surveillance program for U.S. veterans exposed to depleted uranium (DU), biological monitoring of urine uranium (U) concentrations is offered to any veteran of the Gulf War and those serving in more recent conflicts (post-Gulf War veterans). Objectives Since a previous report of surveillance findings in 2004, an improved methodology for determination of the isotopic ratio of U in urine ( super(235)U: super(238)U) has been developed and allows for more definitive evaluation of DU exposure. This report updates previous findings. Methods Veterans provide a 24-hr urine specimen and complete a DU exposure questionnaire. Specimens are sent to the Baltimore Veterans Affairs Medical Center for processing. Uranium concentration and isotopic ratio are measured using ICP-MS at the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology. Results Between January 2003 and June 2008, we received 1,769 urine specimens for U analysis. The mean urine U measure was 0.009 mu g U/g creatinine. Mean urine U concentrations for Gulf War and post-Gulf War veterans were 0.008 and 0.009 mu g U/g creatinine, respectively. Only 3 of the 1,700 (0.01%) specimens for which we completed isotopic determination showed evidence of DU. Exposure histories confirmed that these three individuals had been involved in afriendly firea incidents involving DU munitions or armored vehicles. Conclusions No urine U measure with a adepleteda isotopic signature has been detected in U.S. veterans without a history of retained DU embedded fragments from previous injury. These findings suggest that future DU-related health harm is unlikely in veterans without DU fragments.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Dorsey, Carrie D
AU  - Engelhardt, Susan M
AU  - Squibb, Katherine S
AU  - McDiarmid, Melissa A
AD  - Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jun 2009
SP  - 953
EP  - 956
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - bioassay
KW  - biomonitoring
KW  - depleted uranium
KW  - exposure
KW  - isotopic analysis
KW  - conflicts
KW  - Historical account
KW  - Inventories
KW  - Pathology
KW  - Gulf War
KW  - Injuries
KW  - war
KW  - USA
KW  - Depleted uranium
KW  - Creatinine
KW  - Urine
KW  - Uranium
KW  - ANW, USA, Maryland, Baltimore
KW  - Radioisotopes
KW  - Biological monitoring
KW  - Military personnel
KW  - X 24390:Radioactive Materials
KW  - H 7000:Fire Safety
KW  - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-05-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Inventories; Creatinine; Injuries; Gulf War; Urine; Uranium; Military personnel; conflicts; Historical account; Depleted uranium; Pathology; Radioisotopes; Biological monitoring; war; USA; ANW, USA, Maryland, Baltimore
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0800413
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - U.S. Funding Is Insufficient to Address the Human Health Impacts of and Public Health Responses to Climate Variability and Change
AN  - 20774222; 10295390
AB  - Background The need to identify and try to prevent adverse health impacts of climate change has risen to the forefront of climate change policy debates and become a top priority of the public health community. Given the observed and projected changes in climate and weather patterns, their current and anticipated health impacts, and the significant degree of regulatory discussion underway in the U.S. government, it is reasonable to determine the extent of federal investment in research to understand, avoid, prepare for, and respond to the human health impacts of climate change in the United States. Objective In this commentary we summarize the health risks of climate change in the United States and examine the extent of federal funding devoted to understanding, avoiding, preparing for, and responding to the human health risks of climate change. Discussion Future climate change is projected to exacerbate various current health problems, including heat-related mortality, diarrheal diseases, and diseases associated with exposure to ozone and aeroallergens. Demographic trends and geophysical and socioeconomic factors could increase overall vulnerability. Despite these risks, extramural federal funding of climate change and health research is estimated to be & $3 million per year. Conclusions Given the real risks that climate change poses for U.S. populations, the National Institutes of Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and other agencies need to have robust intramural and extramural programs, with funding of > $200 million annually. Oversight of the size and priorities of these programs could be provided by a standing committee within the National Academy of Sciences.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Ebi, Kristie L
AU  - Balbus, John
AU  - Kinney, Patrick L
AU  - Lipp, Erin
AU  - Mills, David
AU  - OaNeill, Marie S
AU  - Wilson, Mark L
AD  - ESS, LLC, Alexandria, Virginia, USA
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jun 2009
SP  - 857
EP  - 862
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - adaptation
KW  - climate change
KW  - health impacts
KW  - public health
KW  - demography
KW  - Mortality
KW  - Weather
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - committees
KW  - Socioeconomics
KW  - disease control
KW  - Public health
KW  - health problems
KW  - EPA
KW  - USA
KW  - prevention
KW  - vulnerability
KW  - Geophysics
KW  - Ozone
KW  - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development
KW  - R2 23050:Environment
KW  - ENA 01:Air Pollution
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - demography; Weather; Mortality; Climatic changes; Socioeconomics; committees; disease control; Public health; health problems; EPA; prevention; vulnerability; Geophysics; Ozone; USA
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0800088
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Consumption of a High-Fat Diet in Adulthood Ameliorates the Effects of Neonatal Parathion Exposure on Acetylcholine Systems in Rat Brain Regions
AN  - 20773554; 10295399
AB  - Background Developmental exposure to a wide variety of developmental neurotoxicants, including organophosphate pesticides, evokes late-emerging and persistent abnormalities in acetylcholine (ACh) systems. We are seeking interventions that can ameliorate or reverse the effects later in life. Objectives We administered parathion to neonatal rats and then evaluated whether a high-fat diet begun in adulthood could reverse the effects on ACh systems. Methods Neonatal rats received parathion on postnatal days 1a4 at 0.1 or 0.2 mg/kg/day, straddling the cholinesterase inhibition threshold. In adulthood, half the animals were switched to a high-fat diet for 8 weeks. We assessed three indices of ACh synaptic function: nicotinic ACh receptor binding, choline acetyltransferase activity, and hemicholinium-3 binding. Determinations were performed in brain regions comprising all the major ACh projections and cell bodies. Results Neonatal parathion exposure evoked widespread abnormalities in ACh synaptic markers, encompassing effects in brain regions possessing ACh projections and ACh cell bodies. In general, males were affected more than females. Of 17 regional ACh marker abnormalities (10 male, 7 female), 15 were reversed by the high-fat diet. Conclusions A high-fat diet reverses neurodevelopmental effects of neonatal parathion exposure on ACh systems. This points to the potential for nonpharmacologic interventions to offset the effects of developmental neurotoxicants. Further, cryptic neurodevelopmental deficits evoked by environmental exposures may thus engender a later preference for a high-fat diet to maintain normal ACh function, ultimately contributing to obesity.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Slotkin, Theodore A
AU  - Lassiter, TLeon
AU  - Ryde, Ian T
AU  - Wrench, Nicola
AU  - Levin, Edward D
AU  - Seidler, Frederic J
AD  - Department of Pharmacology & Cancer Biology and
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jun 2009
SP  - 916
EP  - 922
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - acetylcholine
KW  - brain development
KW  - high-fat diet
KW  - organophosphate insecticides
KW  - parathion
KW  - Diets
KW  - Obesity
KW  - Pesticides (organophosphorus)
KW  - Receptor mechanisms
KW  - Organophosphates
KW  - Brain
KW  - Cholinesterase
KW  - Rats
KW  - High fat diet
KW  - intervention
KW  - Neurotoxicity
KW  - Cell body
KW  - Choline O-acetyltransferase
KW  - Acetylcholine
KW  - Neonates
KW  - Parathion
KW  - N3 11003:Developmental neuroscience
KW  - X 24330:Agrochemicals
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-05-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pesticides (organophosphorus); Obesity; Receptor mechanisms; High fat diet; Cell body; Brain; Choline O-acetyltransferase; Acetylcholine; Neonates; Cholinesterase; Parathion; Rats; Diets; Organophosphates; intervention; Neurotoxicity
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0800459
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Limitations of Remotely Sensed Aerosol as a Spatial Proxy for Fine Particulate Matter
AN  - 20772658; 10295397
AB  - Background Recent research highlights the promise of remotely sensed aerosol optical depth (AOD) as a proxy for ground-level particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter aO 2.5 I14m (PM sub(2.5)). Particular interest lies in estimating spatial heterogeneity using AOD, with important application to estimating pollution exposure for public health purposes. Given the correlations reported between AOD and PM sub(2.5), it is tempting to interpret the spatial patterns in AOD as reflecting patterns in PM sub(2.5). Objectives We evaluated the degree to which AOD can help predict long-term average PM sub(2.5) concentrations for use in chronic health studies. Methods We calculated correlations of AOD and PM sub(2.5) at various temporal aggregations in the eastern United States in 2004 and used statistical models to assess the relationship between AOD and PM sub(2.5) and the potential for improving predictions of PM sub(2.5) in a subregion, the mid-Atlantic. Results We found only limited spatial associations of AOD from three satellite retrievals with daily and yearly PM sub(2.5). The statistical modeling shows that monthly average AOD poorly reflects spatial patterns in PM sub(2.5) because of systematic, spatially correlated discrepancies between AOD and PM sub(2.5). Furthermore, when we included AOD as a predictor of monthly PM sub(2.5) in a statistical prediction model, AOD provided little additional information in a model that already accounts for land use, emission sources, meteorology, and regional variability. Conclusions These results suggest caution in using spatial variation in currently available AOD to stand in for spatial variation in ground-level PM sub(2.5) in epidemiologic analyses and indicate that when PM sub(2.5) monitoring is available, careful statistical modeling outperforms the use of AOD.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Paciorek, Christopher J
AU  - Liu, Yang
AD  - Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jun 2009
SP  - 904
EP  - 909
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - aerosol optical depth
KW  - air pollution
KW  - geographic information system
KW  - predictive modeling
KW  - remote sensing
KW  - satellite
KW  - spatial smoothing
KW  - spatiotemporal modeling
KW  - Particle size
KW  - Aerosols
KW  - Mathematical models
KW  - Remote sensing
KW  - Particulates
KW  - Satellites
KW  - Land use
KW  - Public health
KW  - Optical analysis
KW  - spatial distribution
KW  - prediction models
KW  - Aerodynamics
KW  - Emissions
KW  - Meteorology
KW  - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-05-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Particle size; Aerosols; Mathematical models; Remote sensing; Particulates; Satellites; Land use; Public health; Optical analysis; spatial distribution; prediction models; Aerodynamics; Emissions; Meteorology
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0800360
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Developmental Perchlorate Exposure and Synaptic Transmission in Hippocampus
AN  - 20772596; 10295413
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Mavis, Richard D
AU  - DeSesso, John M
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jun 2009
SP  - A236
EP  - A237
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Hippocampus
KW  - Perchloric acid
KW  - Synaptic transmission
KW  - perchlorate
KW  - X 24490:Other
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-05-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hippocampus; Synaptic transmission; Perchloric acid; perchlorate
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0800532
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Perturbation of Defense Pathways by Low-Dose Arsenic Exposure in Zebrafish Embryos
AN  - 20772565; 10295410
AB  - Background Exposure to arsenic is a critical risk factor in the complex interplay among genetics, the environment, and human disease. Despite the potential for in utero exposure, the mechanism of arsenic action on vertebrate development and disease is unknown. Objectives The objective of this study was to identify genes and gene networks perturbed by arsenic during development in order to enhance understanding of the molecular mechanisms of arsenic action. Methods We exposed zebrafish embryos at 0.25a1.25 hr postfertilization to 10 or 100 ppb arsenic for 24 or 48 hr. We then used total RNA to interrogate genome microarrays and to test levels of gene expression changes by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (QPCR). Computational analysis was used to identify gene expression networks perturbed by arsenic during vertebrate development. Results We identified a set of 99 genes that responded to low levels of arsenic. Nineteen of these genes were predicted to function in a common regulatory network that was significantly associated with immune response and cancer (p & 10 super(a41)). Arsenic-mediated expression changes were validated by QPCR. Conclusions In this study we demonstrated that arsenic significantly down-regulates expression levels of multiple genes potentially critical for regulating the establishment of an immune response. The data also provide molecular evidence consistent with phenotypic observations reported in other model systems. Additional mechanistic studies will help explain molecular events regulating early stages of the immune system and long-term consequences of arsenic-mediated perturbation of this system during development.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Mattingly, Carolyn J
AU  - Hampton, Thomas H
AU  - Brothers, Kimberly M
AU  - Griffin, Nina E
AU  - Planchart, Antonio
AD  - Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory, Salisbury Cove, Maine, USA
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - June 2009
SP  - 981
EP  - 987
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Pollution Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Toxicology Abstracts; Immunology Abstracts
KW  - arsenic
KW  - Comparative Toxicogenomics Database
KW  - embryonic development
KW  - gene regulatory networks
KW  - immunity
KW  - microarray
KW  - toxicogenomics
KW  - transcriptional profiling
KW  - zebrafish
KW  - Genomes
KW  - Molecular modelling
KW  - Prenatal experience
KW  - immune system
KW  - Development
KW  - Freshwater
KW  - Freshwater fish
KW  - Defence mechanisms
KW  - DNA microarrays
KW  - Phenotypes
KW  - Genetics
KW  - Human Diseases
KW  - Exposure
KW  - Risk factors
KW  - Networks
KW  - Polymerase chain reaction
KW  - Embryos
KW  - Diseases
KW  - Arsenic
KW  - Data processing
KW  - Embryonic development
KW  - Intrauterine exposure
KW  - Immunity
KW  - Fish (cyprinid) (minnow or carp family) (continued)
KW  - Computer applications
KW  - Cancer
KW  - Model Studies
KW  - Danio rerio
KW  - Risk
KW  - RNA
KW  - Immune response
KW  - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms
KW  - SW 3030:Effects of pollution
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - X 24360:Metals
KW  - F 06940:Fish Immunity
KW  - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-02-04
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Arsenic; Embryonic development; Embryos; Immunity; Defence mechanisms; Freshwater fish; Phenotypes; Molecular modelling; Data processing; Intrauterine exposure; Development; Computer applications; DNA microarrays; Cancer; RNA; Risk factors; Polymerase chain reaction; Immune response; Genetics; Prenatal experience; immune system; Risk; Human Diseases; Exposure; Networks; Diseases; Fish (cyprinid) (minnow or carp family) (continued); Model Studies; Danio rerio; Freshwater
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0900555
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Increased Expression of Histone Proteins during Estrogen-Mediated Cell Proliferation
AN  - 20772498; 10295401
AB  - Background There is concern about the potential risk posed by compounds with estrogen-like activity present in the environment. As previous studies have shown that combined exposure to such compounds results in dose additivity, it should be possible to assess estrogen exposure with suitable biomarkers of effect. Objectives Our goal was to identify candidate protein biomarkers of effect for estrogenic compounds. Methods In the search for biomarkers, we assessed the effect of several estrogenic compounds on the expression profile of proteins in breast-derived cell lines varying in their estrogen receptor (ER) phenotype using surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. We identified responsive proteins, after separating them by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and analyzing the trypsin-digested proteins by tandem mass spectrometry. Results The estrogenic compounds 17I2-estradiol, genistein, bisphenol A, and endosulfan produced similar protein profile changes in MCF-7 cells (phenotype: ERI- super(+)/ERI2 super(+)), but had no effect on MDA-MB-231 (ERI- super(a)/ERI2 super(+)), MCF-10F (ERI- super(a)/ERI2 super(+)), or MCF-10A (ERI- super(a)/ERI2 super(a)) cells. The most responsive proteins in MCF-7 cells were identified as histones H2A, H2B, H3, and H4. Histone levels were not increased in cell lines that showed no proliferative response to estrogens despite their rapid intrinsic growth rate in culture. Conclusion Our results indicate that ER-mediated cell proliferation results in up-regulation of core histone proteins.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Zhu, Zheying
AU  - Edwards, Robert J
AU  - Boobis, Alan R
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jun 2009
SP  - 928
EP  - 934
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Bioindicators
KW  - Estrogen receptors
KW  - estrogens
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - N 14810:Methods
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-02-11
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Estrogen receptors; estrogens
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0800109
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Thyroid Hormone Levels of Pregnant Inuit Women and Their Infants Exposed to Environmental Contaminants
AN  - 20772373; 10295389
AB  - Background An increasing number of studies have shown that several ubiquitous environmental contaminants possess thyroid hormoneadisrupting capacities. Prenatal exposure to some of them, such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), has also been associated with adverse neurodevelopmental effects in infants. Objectives In this study we examined the relationship between exposure to potential thyroid hormoneadisrupting toxicants and thyroid hormone status in pregnant Inuit women from Nunavik and their infants within the first year of life. Methods We measured thyroid hormone parameters [thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (fT sub(4)), total triiodothyronine (T sub(3)), thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG)] and concentrations of several contaminants [PCB-153, hydroxylated metabolites of PCBs (HO-PCBs), pentachlorophenol (PCP) and hexachlorobenzene (HCB)] in maternal plasma at delivery (n = 120), in umbilical cord plasma (n = 95), and in infant plasma at 7 months postpartum (n = 130). Results In pregnant women, we found a positive association between HO-PCBs and T sub(3) concentrations (I2 = 0.57, p = 0.02). In umbilical cord blood, PCB-153 concentrations were negatively associated with TBG levels (I2 = a0.26, p = 0.01). In a subsample analysis, a negative relationship was also found between maternal PCP levels and cord fT sub(4) concentrations in neonates (I2 = a0.59, p = 0.02). No association was observed between contaminants and thyroid hormones at 7 months of age. Conclusion Overall, there is little evidence that the environmental contaminants analyzed in this study affect thyroid hormone status in Inuit mothers and their infants. The possibility that PCP may decrease thyroxine levels in neonates requires further investigation.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Dallaire, Renee
AU  - Muckle, Gina
AU  - Dewailly, Aric
AU  - Jacobson, Sandra W
AU  - Jacobson, Joseph L
AU  - Sandanger, Torkjel M
AU  - Sandau, Courtney D
AU  - Ayotte, Pierre
AD  - Public Health Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Quebec-CHUL, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jun 2009
SP  - 1014
EP  - 1020
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts
KW  - cohort
KW  - cord blood
KW  - Inuit
KW  - metabolites
KW  - organochlorines
KW  - pentachlorophenol
KW  - polychlorinated biphenyls
KW  - pregnant women
KW  - prenatal exposure
KW  - thyroid hormones
KW  - Age
KW  - Prenatal experience
KW  - Toxicants
KW  - Thyroid
KW  - Metabolites
KW  - Hormones
KW  - Pregnancy
KW  - prenatal experience
KW  - Canada, Quebec, Nunavik
KW  - Females
KW  - Neonates
KW  - Contaminants
KW  - PCB compounds
KW  - Pentachlorophenol
KW  - Ethnic groups
KW  - Infants
KW  - Hexachlorobenzene
KW  - H 14000:Toxicology
KW  - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-05-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Age; Prenatal experience; Toxicants; Thyroid; pentachlorophenol; Metabolites; Hormones; Pregnancy; prenatal experience; Neonates; Females; Contaminants; Pentachlorophenol; PCB compounds; Ethnic groups; Hexachlorobenzene; Infants; Canada, Quebec, Nunavik
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0800219
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Parental Exposure to Pesticides and Childhood Brain Cancer: U.S. Atlantic Coast Childhood Brain Cancer Study
AN  - 20772120; 10295387
AB  - The etiology of childhood brain cancer remains largely unknown. However, previous studies have yielded suggestive associations with parental pesticide use. Objectives We aimed to evaluate parental exposure to pesticides at home and on the job in relation to the occurrence of brain cancer in children. Methods We included 526 one-to-oneamatched caseacontrol pairs. Brain cancer cases were diagnosed at & 10 years of age, and were identified from statewide cancer registries of four U.S. Atlantic Coast states. We selected controls by random digit dialing. We conducted computer-assisted telephone interviews with mothers. Using information on residential pesticide use and jobs held by fathers during the 2-year period before the childas birth, we assessed potential exposure to insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides. For each job, two raters independently classified the probability and intensity of exposure; 421 pairs were available for final analysis. We calculated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using conditional logistic regression, after adjustment for maternal education. Results A significant risk of astrocytoma was associated with exposures to herbicides from residential use (OR = 1.9; 95% CI, 1.2a3.0). Combining parental exposures to herbicides from both residential and occupational sources, the elevated risk remained significant (OR = 1.8; 95% CI, 1.1a3.1). We observed little association with primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNET) for any of the pesticide classes or exposure sources considered. Conclusions Our observation is consistent with a previous literature reporting suggestive associations between parental exposure to pesticides and risk of astrocytoma in offspring but not PNET. However, these findings should be viewed in light of limitations in exposure assessment and effective sample size.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Shim, Youn K
AU  - Mlynarek, Steven P
AU  - van Wijngaarden, Edwin
AD  - Division of Health Studies, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jun 2009
SP  - 1002
EP  - 1006
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - astrocytoma
KW  - brain cancer
KW  - children
KW  - parental exposure
KW  - pesticides
KW  - PNET
KW  - Age
KW  - tumors
KW  - Insecticides
KW  - Nervous system diseases
KW  - Occupational exposure
KW  - offspring
KW  - Coasts
KW  - Etiology
KW  - Astrocytoma
KW  - Brain
KW  - Herbicides
KW  - Children
KW  - Cancer
KW  - Education
KW  - Coastal zone
KW  - Fungicides
KW  - Pesticides
KW  - Progeny
KW  - N3 11028:Neuropharmacology & toxicology
KW  - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - X 24330:Agrochemicals
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-05-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Etiology; Age; Astrocytoma; Brain; Herbicides; Children; Cancer; Insecticides; Pesticides; Fungicides; Progeny; Nervous system diseases; Occupational exposure; Coasts; tumors; Coastal zone; Education; offspring
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0800209
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Trends in Respiratory Symptoms of Firefighters Exposed to the World Trade Center Disaster: 2001a2005
AN  - 20771937; 10295409
AB  - Background Respiratory symptoms, either newly reported after the World Trade Center (WTC) disaster on 11 September 2001 (9/11) or increased in severity, have been well documented in WTC-exposed workers and New York City residents. However, considerable uncertainty exists over the persistence of symptoms. Objectives In this study, our goals were to describe trends in post-9/11 respiratory and gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptoms in WTC-exposed firefighters and to examine symptom progression in the cohort that completed both year 1 and year 4 questionnaires. Methods We analyzed questionnaire responses from 10,378 firefighters in yearly intervals, from 2 October 2001 to 11 September 2005, defining exposure based on arrival time at the WTC site. For the cohort of 3,722 firefighters who completed the two questionnaires, we also calculated exposure duration summing months of work at the site. Results In cross-sectional analyses, the prevalence of dyspnea, wheeze, rhinosinusitis, and GERD remained relatively stable, whereas cough and sore throat declined, especially between 1 and 2 years post-9/11. We found a dosearesponse relationship between arrival time and symptoms in all years (p & 0.01). Logistic models of symptoms at year 4 in the cohort demonstrated independent effects of earlier arrival and longer work duration: each additional month of work increased the odds of symptoms 8a11%. Conclusions Protracted work exposures increased the odds of respiratory and GERD symptoms 4 years later. In most large disasters, exposures may be unavoidable during the rescue phase, but our data strongly suggest the need to minimize additional exposures during recovery and cleanup phases.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Webber, Mayris P
AU  - Gustave, Jackson
AU  - Lee, Roy
AU  - Niles, Justin K
AU  - Kelly, Kerry
AU  - Cohen, Hillel W
AU  - Prezant, David J
AD  - Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jun 2009
SP  - 975
EP  - 980
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts
KW  - disaster medicine
KW  - firefighters
KW  - gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
KW  - occupational medicine
KW  - rescue workers
KW  - respiratory symptoms
KW  - World Trade Center
KW  - Inventories
KW  - Data processing
KW  - firefighter services
KW  - Disasters
KW  - Cough
KW  - Pharyngitis
KW  - Models
KW  - Workers
KW  - USA, New York, New York City
KW  - rhinosinusitis
KW  - emergency medical services
KW  - Occupational exposure
KW  - Urban areas
KW  - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment
KW  - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-05-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Workers; Inventories; Data processing; rhinosinusitis; Cough; Pharyngitis; Models; firefighter services; Disasters; Occupational exposure; emergency medical services; Urban areas; USA, New York, New York City
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0800291
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Oral Exposure to Bisphenol A Increases Dimethylbenzanthracene-Induced Mammary Cancer in Rats
AN  - 20771686; 10295398
AB  - Background Bisphenol A (BPA) is widely used in the manufacture of polycarbonate plastics, including infant formula bottles. Objectives Based on the reported endocrine disruptor activity of this polyphenol, we hypothesized that exposure to BPA early in life would elicit developmental changes in the mammary tissue and cause a predisposition for mammary cancer. Methods We exposed neonatal/prepubertal rats to BPA via lactation from nursing dams treated orally with 0, 25, and 250 I14g BPA/kg body weight/day. For tumorigenesis studies, female offspring were exposed to 30 mg dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA)/kg body weight at 50 days of age. Results The combination of DMBA treatment with lactational exposure to BPA demonstrated a dose-dependent increase in mammary tumor multiplicity and reduced tumor latency compared with controls. In the absence of DMBA treatment, lactational BPA exposure resulted in increased cell proliferation and decreased apoptosis at 50 but not 21 days postpartum (shortly after last BPA treatment). Using Western blot analysis, we determined that steroid receptor coactivators (SRCs) 1a3, Akt, phosphorylated Akt, progesterone receptor A (PR-A), and erbB3 proteins were significantly up-regulated at 50 days of age. Conclusions The data presented here provide the first evidence that maternal exposure to BPA during lactation increases mammary carcinogenesis in a DMBA-induced model of rodent mammary cancer. Changes in PR-A, SRC 1a3, erbB3, and Akt activity are consistent with increased cell proliferation and decreased apoptosis playing a role in mammary cancer susceptibility. These alterations provide an explanation of enhanced mammary carcinogenesis after lactational BPA exposure.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Jenkins, Sarah
AU  - Raghuraman, Nandini
AU  - Eltoum, Isam
AU  - Carpenter, Mark
AU  - Russo, Jose
AU  - Lamartiniere, Coral A
AD  - Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jun 2009
SP  - 910
EP  - 915
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - apoptosis
KW  - bisphenol A
KW  - mammary cancer
KW  - proliferation
KW  - steroid receptor coactivators
KW  - Infant formulas
KW  - Age
KW  - Apoptosis
KW  - Endocrine disruptors
KW  - Animal models
KW  - tumors
KW  - Steroid hormone receptors
KW  - Rats
KW  - Bisphenol A
KW  - Progesterone receptors
KW  - ErbB-3 protein
KW  - Postpartum
KW  - Body weight
KW  - Nursing
KW  - AKT protein
KW  - Plastics
KW  - body weight
KW  - polycarbonate
KW  - offspring
KW  - Western blotting
KW  - Data processing
KW  - Polyphenols
KW  - Mammary gland
KW  - Tumorigenesis
KW  - Developmental stages
KW  - Tumors
KW  - Cancer
KW  - Lactation
KW  - 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene
KW  - Carcinogenesis
KW  - Src protein
KW  - Progeny
KW  - Neonates
KW  - Cell proliferation
KW  - X 24320:Food Additives & Contaminants
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-05-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Age; Infant formulas; Apoptosis; Endocrine disruptors; Animal models; Steroid hormone receptors; Bisphenol A; ErbB-3 protein; Progesterone receptors; Postpartum; Body weight; Nursing; AKT protein; Plastics; polycarbonate; Western blotting; Data processing; Polyphenols; Mammary gland; Tumorigenesis; Developmental stages; Tumors; Cancer; Lactation; 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene; Carcinogenesis; Src protein; Progeny; Neonates; Cell proliferation; Rats; bisphenol A; tumors; body weight; offspring
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.11751
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Fat Chance? A High-Fat Diet May Offset the Effects of Developmental Neurotoxicity
AN  - 20771542; 10295425
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Spivey, Angela
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jun 2009
SP  - A257
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Diets
KW  - Neurotoxicity
KW  - ENA 07:General
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diets; Neurotoxicity
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - ECOLOGY AND WILDLIFE: Pharmed Fish
AN  - 20771495; 10295415
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Betts, Kellyn S
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jun 2009
SP  - A240
EP  - A241
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Environment Abstracts; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Marine fish
KW  - Marine
KW  - Wildlife
KW  - Fish
KW  - Freshwater
KW  - Freshwater fish
KW  - Fish culture
KW  - Q3 08582:Fish culture
KW  - Q5 08501:General
KW  - ENA 21:Wildlife
KW  - Q1 08582:Fish culture
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-07
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fish; Freshwater fish; Fish culture; Ecology; Wildlife; Fish; Marine; Freshwater
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1897/08-561.1
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Dopamine Transporter Genetic Variants and Pesticides in Parkinsonas Disease
AN  - 20771437; 10295407
AB  - Background Research suggests that independent and joint effects of genetic variability in the dopamine transporter (DAT) locus and pesticides may influence Parkinsonas disease (PD) risk. Materials Methods: In 324 incident PD patients and 334 population controls from our rural California caseacontrol study, we genotyped rs2652510, rs2550956 (for the DAT 5a2 clades), and the 3a2 variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR). Using geographic information system methods, we determined residential exposure to agricultural maneb and paraquat applications. We also collected occupational pesticide use data. Employing logistic regression, we calculated odds ratios (ORs) for clade diplotypes, VNTR genotype, and number of susceptibility (A clade and 9-repeat) alleles and assessed susceptibility alleleapesticide interactions. Results PD risk was increased separately in DAT A clade diplotype carriers [AA vs. BB: OR = 1.66; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.08a2.57] and 3a2 VNTR 9/9 carriers (9/9 vs. 10/10: OR = 1.8; 95% CI, 0.96a3.57), and our data suggest a gene dosing effect. Importantly, high exposure to paraquat and maneb in carriers of one susceptibility allele increased PD risk 3-fold (OR = 2.99; 95% CI, 0.88a10.2), and in carriers of two or more alleles more than 4-fold (OR = 4.53; 95% CI, 1.70a12.1). We obtained similar results for occupational pesticide measures. Discussion Using two independent pesticide measures, we a) replicated previously reported geneaenvironment interactions between DAT genetic variants and occupational pesticide exposure in men and b) overcame previous limitations of nonspecific pesticide measures and potential recall bias by employing state records and computer models to estimate residential pesticide exposure. Conclusion Our results suggest that DAT genetic variability and pesticide exposure interact to increase PD risk.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Ritz, Beate R
AU  - Manthripragada, Angelika D
AU  - Costello, Sadie
AU  - Lincoln, Sarah J
AU  - Farrer, Matthew J
AU  - Cockburn, Myles
AU  - Bronstein, Jeff
AD  - Department of Epidemiology and
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jun 2009
SP  - 964
EP  - 969
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Genetics Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - dopamine transporter
KW  - gene-environmental interactions
KW  - occupational and environmental exposures
KW  - Parkinsonas disease
KW  - pesticides
KW  - Parkinson's disease
KW  - computer models
KW  - Remote sensing
KW  - Genotypes
KW  - Dopamine transporter
KW  - USA, California
KW  - population control
KW  - Occupational exposure
KW  - Paraquat
KW  - Data processing
KW  - Mathematical models
KW  - Neurodegenerative diseases
KW  - Population control
KW  - Movement disorders
KW  - Computer models
KW  - Pesticides
KW  - Residential areas
KW  - Geographic information systems
KW  - Rural areas
KW  - G 07880:Human Genetics
KW  - N3 11023:Neurogenetics
KW  - H 5000:Pesticides
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Dopamine+Transporter+Genetic+Variants+and+Pesticides+in+Parkinsonas+Disease&rft.au=Ritz%2C+Beate+R%3BManthripragada%2C+Angelika+D%3BCostello%2C+Sadie%3BLincoln%2C+Sarah+J%3BFarrer%2C+Matthew+J%3BCockburn%2C+Myles%3BBronstein%2C+Jeff&rft.aulast=Ritz&rft.aufirst=Beate&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=964&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/10.1289%2Fehp.0800277
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Neurodegenerative diseases; Dopamine transporter; Mathematical models; Data processing; Movement disorders; Parkinson's disease; Pesticides; Genotypes; Geographic information systems; Paraquat; Occupational exposure; Population control; Computer models; Remote sensing; Residential areas; computer models; population control; Rural areas; USA, California
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0800277
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Residential Exposure to Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Organochlorine Pesticides and Risk of Childhood Leukemia
AN  - 20771142; 10295388
AB  - Background: Incidence of childhood leukemia in industrialized countries rose significantly during 1975-2004, and the reasons for the increase are not understood. Objectives We used carpet dust as an exposure indicator to examine the risk of childhood leukemia in relation to residential exposure to persistent organochlorine chemicals: six polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners and the pesticides alpha - and gamma -chlordane, p,p'-DDT (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane), p,p'-DDE (dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene), methoxychlor, and pentachlorophenol. Methods: We conducted a population-based case-control study in 35 counties in northern and central California in 2001-2006. The study included 184 acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) cases 0-7 years of age and 212 birth certificate controls matched to cases by birth date, sex, race, and Hispanic ethnicity. We collected carpet dust samples from the room where the child spent the most time before diagnosis (similar date for controls) using a specialized vacuum. Results: Detection of any PCB congener in the dust conferred a 2-fold increased risk of ALL [odds ratio (OR) = 1.97; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.22-3.17]. Compared with those in the lowest quartile of total PCBs, the highest quartile was associated with about a 3-fold risk (OR = 2.78; 95% CI, 1.41-5.48), and the positive trend was significant (p = 0.017). Significant positive trends in ALL risk were apparent with increasing concentrations of PCB congeners 118, 138, and 153. We observed no significant positive associations for chlordane, DDT, DDE, methoxychlor, or pentachlorophenol. The associations with PCBs were stronger among non-Hispanic whites than among Hispanics despite similar distributions of PCB levels among controls in each racial/ethnic group. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that PCBs, which are considered probable human carcinogens and cause perturbations of the immune system, may represent a previously unrecognized risk factor for childhood leukemia.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Ward, Mary H
AU  - Colt, Joanne S
AU  - Metayer, Catherine
AU  - Gunier, Robert B
AU  - Lubin, Jay
AU  - Crouse, Vonda
AU  - Nishioka, Marcia G
AU  - Reynolds, Peggy
AU  - Buffler, Patricia A
AD  - Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jun 2009
SP  - 1007
EP  - 1013
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Immunology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts
KW  - childhood cancer
KW  - dust
KW  - leukemia
KW  - organochlorine compounds
KW  - pesticides
KW  - polychlorinated biphenyls
KW  - Chemicals
KW  - Age
KW  - Organochlorine compounds
KW  - immune system
KW  - Immune system
KW  - Lymphatic leukemia
KW  - Carcinogens
KW  - Dust
KW  - Leukemia
KW  - Insecticides
KW  - Nitrous oxide
KW  - Carpets
KW  - Risk factors
KW  - Congeners
KW  - USA, California
KW  - PCB compounds
KW  - Pentachlorophenol
KW  - Ethnic groups
KW  - PCB
KW  - Races
KW  - Sex
KW  - Chlordane
KW  - DDE
KW  - pentachlorophenol
KW  - Vacuum
KW  - Pesticides (organochlorine)
KW  - Children
KW  - Birth
KW  - Pesticides
KW  - DDT
KW  - Residential areas
KW  - Methoxychlor
KW  - H 5000:Pesticides
KW  - F 06915:Cancer Immunology
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH
KW  - X 24330:Agrochemicals
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-05-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Organochlorine compounds; Chlordane; Immune system; DDE; Lymphatic leukemia; Pesticides (organochlorine); Vacuum; Carcinogens; Children; Dust; Birth; polychlorinated biphenyls; Carpets; Risk factors; DDT; Methoxychlor; Congeners; Pentachlorophenol; Races; PCB; Ethnic groups; Sex; Chemicals; Age; immune system; pentachlorophenol; Leukemia; Insecticides; Nitrous oxide; Pesticides; Residential areas; PCB compounds; USA, California
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0900583
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study of the Chronic Lead Effect on the Basal Ganglion and Frontal and Occipital Lobes in Middle-Age Adults
AN  - 20770935; 10295403
AB  - Background Lead is known to be a health hazard to the human brain and nervous system based on data from epidemiologic studies. However, few studies have examined the mechanism or biochemical changes caused by lead in the human brain, although recently some have used magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) to test brain metabolism in vivo. Objectives In this study, we used 3-T MRS to investigate brain metabolism in workers chronically exposed to lead and matched nonexposed controls. Materials Methods: Twenty-two workers at a lead paint factory served as chronically exposed subjects of this study. These workers did not have any clinical syndromes. Eighteen age- and sex-matched nonexposed healthy volunteers served as controls. We measured blood and bone lead and used a 3-T MRS to measure their levels of brain N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), choline (Cho), and total creatine (tCr). A structural questionnaire was used to collect demographic, work, and health histories and information about their life habits. Results All the MRS measures were lower in the lead-exposed group. Increased blood and bone lead levels correlated with declines in Cho:tCr ratios, especially in the occipital lobe, where changes in all gray, subcortical, and white matter were significant. Increases in blood and patella lead in every layer of the frontal lobe correlated with significant decreases in NAA:tCr ratios. One of the strongest regression coefficients was a0.023 (SE = 0.005, p & 0.001), which was found in the NAA:tCr ratio of frontal gray matter. Discussion We conclude that chronic exposure to lead might upset brain metabolism, especially NAA:tCr and Cho:tCr ratios. Brain NAA and Cho are negatively correlated to blood and bone lead levels, suggesting that lead induces neuronal and axonal damage or loss. The most significant changes occurred in frontal and occipital lobes, areas in which previous neurobehavioral studies have shown memory and visual performance to be adversely affected by lead toxicity.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Hsieh, Tsyh-Jyi
AU  - Chen, Yi-Chun
AU  - Li, Chun-Wei
AU  - Liu, Gin-Chang
AU  - Chiu, Yu-Wen
AU  - Chuang, Hung-Yi
AD  - Department of Medical Imaging and
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jun 2009
SP  - 941
EP  - 945
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - bone lead KXRF
KW  - brain metabolism
KW  - lead
KW  - proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy
KW  - Historical account
KW  - Choline
KW  - Biochemistry
KW  - Substantia alba
KW  - Creatine
KW  - Spectroscopy
KW  - Lead
KW  - Demography
KW  - Factories
KW  - Workers
KW  - Memory
KW  - Nervous system
KW  - Chronic exposure
KW  - Magnetic resonance spectroscopy
KW  - Occipital lobe
KW  - Occupational exposure
KW  - Inventories
KW  - Data processing
KW  - Brain
KW  - Patella
KW  - N-Acetylaspartate
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - Bone
KW  - Health risks
KW  - Blood
KW  - Frontal lobe
KW  - Visual perception
KW  - Neurotoxicity
KW  - Bone loss
KW  - Metabolism
KW  - Paints
KW  - Substantia grisea
KW  - X 24390:Radioactive Materials
KW  - N3 11028:Neuropharmacology & toxicology
KW  - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-07-23
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Inventories; Choline; Data processing; Brain; Creatine; Substantia alba; Patella; N-Acetylaspartate; Toxicity; Lead; Demography; Workers; Blood; Nervous system; Memory; Visual perception; Chronic exposure; Frontal lobe; Magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Bone loss; Occipital lobe; Metabolism; Substantia grisea; Paints; Historical account; Biochemistry; Spectroscopy; Bone; Factories; Health risks; Neurotoxicity; Occupational exposure
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0800187
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Legacy for Young Men: PFAAs and Human Sperm
AN  - 20770816; 10295423
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Washam, Cynthia
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jun 2009
SP  - A256
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - males
KW  - ENA 07:General
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Legacy+for+Young+Men%3A+PFAAs+and+Human+Sperm&rft.au=Washam%2C+Cynthia&rft.aulast=Washam&rft.aufirst=Cynthia&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=A256&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - males
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Landscape of Antibiotic Resistance
AN  - 20770263; 10295420
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Rosenblatt-Farrell, Noah
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jun 2009
SP  - A244
EP  - A250
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - antibiotic resistance
KW  - Landscape
KW  - ENA 07:General
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - antibiotic resistance; Landscape
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Beat
AN  - 20770239; 10295418
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Dooley, Erin E
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jun 2009
SP  - A242
EP  - A243
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Environmental quality
KW  - Public health
KW  - ENA 07:General
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+Beat&rft.au=Dooley%2C+Erin+E&rft.aulast=Dooley&rft.aufirst=Erin&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=A242&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environmental quality; Public health
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Developmental Perchlorate Exposure: Gilbert Responds
AN  - 20770222; 10295414
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Gilbert, Mary E
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jun 2009
SP  - A237
EP  - A238
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Perchloric acid
KW  - perchlorate
KW  - X 24490:Other
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-05-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Perchloric acid; perchlorate
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0800532R
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Progression from Beryllium Exposure to Chronic Beryllium Disease: An Analytic Model
AN  - 20770191; 10295408
AB  - Background Understanding the progression from beryllium exposure (BeE) to chronic beryllium disease (CBD) is essential for optimizing screening and early intervention to prevent CBD. Methods We developed an analytic Markov model of progression to CBD that assigns annual probabilities for progression through three states: from BeE to beryllium sensitization and then to CBD. We used calculations of the number in each state over time to assess which of several alternative progression models are most consistent with the limited available empirical data on prevalence and incidence. We estimated cost-effectiveness of screening considering both incremental (cost/case) and cumulative program costs. Results No combination of parameters for a simple model in which risk of progression remains constant over time can meet the empirical constraints of relatively frequent early cases and continuing development of new cases with long latencies. Modeling shows that the risk of progression is initially high and then declines over time. Also, it is likely that there are at least two populations that differ significantly in risk. The cost-effectiveness of repetitive screening declines over time, although new cases will still be found with long latencies. However, screening will be particularly cost-effective when applied to persons with long latencies who have not been previously screened. Conclusions To optimize use of resources, the intensity of screening should decrease over time. Estimation of lifetime cumulative CBD risk should consider the declining risk of progression over time.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Harber, Philip
AU  - Bansal, Siddharth
AU  - Balmes, John
AD  - Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jun 2009
SP  - 970
EP  - 974
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts
KW  - beryllium
KW  - beryllium sensitization
KW  - chronic beryllium disease
KW  - cost-effectiveness
KW  - screening
KW  - Cost-benefit analysis
KW  - Berylliosis
KW  - Data processing
KW  - intervention
KW  - Economics
KW  - Beryllium
KW  - Intervention
KW  - Models
KW  - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - X 24300:Methods
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-05-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Berylliosis; Data processing; Beryllium; Models; Cost-benefit analysis; intervention; Economics; Intervention
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0800440
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Prenatal Preview: Early Bisphenol A Exposure May Spawn Late-Life Reproductive Problems
AN  - 20770090; 10295422
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Spivey, Angela
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jun 2009
SP  - A256
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - bisphenol A
KW  - prenatal experience
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - prenatal experience; bisphenol A
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Aquaculture Navigates Through Troubled Waters
AN  - 20770067; 10295421
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Taylor, David A
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jun 2009
SP  - A252
EP  - A254
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality
KW  - Water quality
KW  - Aquaculture
KW  - ENA 06:Food & Drugs
KW  - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION
KW  - Q1 08587:Diseases of Cultured Organisms
KW  - Q5 08501:General
KW  - Q3 08587:Diseases of Cultured Organisms
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-07
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Water quality; Aquaculture
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - ENDOCRINE DISRUPTORS: Estrogens in a Bottle?
AN  - 20770004; 10295416
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Barrett, Julia R
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jun 2009
SP  - A241
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Estrogens
KW  - endocrine disruptors
KW  - Endocrine disruptors
KW  - estrogens
KW  - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals
KW  - ENA 07:General
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-05-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Estrogens; Endocrine disruptors; endocrine disruptors; estrogens
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOMS: An Unexpected Deep-Sea Diver
AN  - 20766113; 10295417
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Potera, Carol
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jun 2009
SP  - A242
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Environment Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality
KW  - Algal blooms
KW  - Biological poisons
KW  - Phytoplankton
KW  - Divers
KW  - Deep water
KW  - K 03450:Ecology
KW  - Q1 08481:Productivity
KW  - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms
KW  - ENA 07:General
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-07
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Algal blooms; Biological poisons; Phytoplankton; Deep water; Divers
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Combining distances of ballistic and myrmecochorous seed dispersal in Adriana quadripartita (Euphorbiaceae)
AN  - 20520530; 9213014
AB  - The separate contributions of different vectors to net seed dispersal curves of diplochorous systems have rarely been characterised. In Australia, myrmecochory is a common seed dispersal syndrome and in the majority of such systems, seeds are initially dispersed ballistically. We measured ballistic and myrmecochorous seed dispersal distances in relation to canopies of Adriana quadripartita (Euphorbiaceae) and used a simulation model to estimate the net dispersal curve. We also compared seed removal rates and ant abundances under, and outside, plant canopies to examine how foraging patterns by ants may affect net dispersal. Overall ant abundance did not show a significant numerical response to seedfall; however, the abundance of the main seed dispersing ant, Rhytidoponera 'metallica' did. Despite this, seed removal rates did not differ significantly between canopy and open locations. Rhytidoponera 'metallica' account for 93% of observed seed dispersal events. On average, the ants dispersed seeds 1.54m and in doing so, moved seed a mean radial distance of 0.76m away from canopy edges. This contribution to net dispersal distance by ants is considerable since ballistic dispersal moved seeds a median distance of 7.5cm. Our simulation model indicated that the combination of ballistic and ant seed dispersal is expected to result in seeds being transported a median net radial dispersal distance of 1.05m from the canopy edge. Thus in this system, an important function of diplochory may simply be to move a higher proportion of seeds from under the canopy of parent plants than is possible by ballistic dispersal alone. This 'dispersal-for-distance' may result in reduced parent-offspring competition or may increase the probability that seeds reach rare safe sites for germination and recruitment.
JF  - Acta Oecologica
AU  - Beaumont, K P
AU  - Mackay, DA
AU  - Whalen, MA
AD  - Flinders University of South Australia, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia, kieren.beaumont@flinders.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jun 2009
SP  - 429
EP  - 436
PB  - Editions Scientifiques et Medicales Elsevier, 23 rue Linois 75724 Paris cedex 15 France, [URL:http://www.elsevier.fr]
VL  - 35
IS  - 3
SN  - 1146-609X, 1146-609X
KW  - Entomology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts
KW  - Germination
KW  - Seed dispersal
KW  - Rhytidoponera metallica
KW  - Myrmecochory
KW  - Abundance
KW  - Recruitment
KW  - Formicidae
KW  - Canopies
KW  - Dispersal
KW  - Euphorbiaceae
KW  - Models
KW  - Z 05340:Ecology and Behavior
KW  - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-05-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Germination; Seed dispersal; Myrmecochory; Recruitment; Abundance; Dispersal; Canopies; Models; Rhytidoponera metallica; Formicidae; Euphorbiaceae
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actao.2009.01.005
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Stretched Eulerian coordinate model of coastal sediment transport
AN  - 20520369; 9212341
AB  - A one-dimensional vertical model of sediment and dissolved material transport in a coupled, vertically resolved benthic-pelagic system has been developed. An apparently unique feature of the model is that the governing equations are first formulated in a time-varying Eulerian frame and then solved numerically, which provides a consistent approach for incorporating resuspension / deposition, swelling / consolidation, and biodiffusion processes within a single modelling framework. Numerical experiments were carried out with varying grids to test diffusive properties of the model. A stretched numerical grid that maintains high vertical resolution of the top sediments and constrains numerical diffusion in deep layers is an integral part of the model. The developed model provides a test bed for testing scientific hypothesis pertaining to coastal sediment transport. The model can also be used to support biogeochemical studies in a coupled benthic-pelagic system.
JF  - Computers & Geosciences
AU  - Margvelashvili, N
AD  - GPO Box 1538, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia, nugzar.margvelashvili@csiro.au
Y1  - 2009/06//
PY  - 2009
DA  - June 2009
SP  - 1167
EP  - 1176
PB  - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl]
VL  - 35
IS  - 6
SN  - 0098-3004, 0098-3004
KW  - Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources
KW  - Sediment Transport
KW  - Marine
KW  - Mathematical models
KW  - Computers
KW  - Numerical experiments
KW  - Ocean circulation
KW  - Model Testing
KW  - Consolidation
KW  - Sediments
KW  - Model Studies
KW  - Resuspended sediments
KW  - Coastal zone
KW  - Deposition
KW  - Sediment transport
KW  - Deep layer
KW  - Coastal sediment transport
KW  - Q2 09264:Sediments and sedimentation
KW  - M2 551.511:Mechanics and Thermodynamics of the Atmosphere (551.511)
KW  - SW 0870:Erosion and sedimentation
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-05-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-05-27
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Resuspended sediments; Coastal zone; Mathematical models; Ocean circulation; Deep layer; Sediment transport; Consolidation; Numerical experiments; Coastal sediment transport; Sediment Transport; Computers; Deposition; Model Testing; Sediments; Model Studies; Marine
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2008.03.016
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Integrated assessment of lateral flow, density effects and dispersion in aquifer storage and recovery
AN  - 20557988; 9264481
AB  - Aquifer storage and recovery (ASR) involves the injection of freshwater into an aquifer for later recovery and use. This paper investigates three major factors leading to reduction in performance of ASR systems in brackish or saline aquifers: lateral flow, density-driven flow and dispersive mixing. Previous analyses of aquifer storage and recovery (ASR) have considered at most two of the above processes, but never all three together, and none have considered lateral flow and density effects together. In this analysis, four dimensionless parameters are defined to give an approximate characterisation of lateral flow, dispersive mixing, mixed convection (density effects during pumping) and free convection (density effects during storage). An extensive set of numerical models spanning a wide parameter range is then used to develop a predictive framework using the dimensionless numbers. If the sum of the four dimensionless numbers (denoted R sub(A) sub(S) sub(R)) exceeds 10, the ASR operation is likely to fail with no recoverable freshwater, while if R sub(A) sub(S) sub(R)<0.1, the ASR operation is likely to provide at least some recovery of freshwater. The predictive framework is tested using limited data available from ASR field sites, broadly lending support to the framework. This study has several important implications. Firstly, the lack of completeness of field data sets in the literature must be rectified if we are to properly characterise mixed-convective flow processes in ASR operations. Once data are available, the dimensionless numbers can be used to identify suitable ASR sites and the desirable operational conditions that maximise recovery efficiencies.
JF  - Journal of Hydrology (Amsterdam)
AU  - Ward, J D
AU  - Simmons, C T
AU  - Dillon, P J
AU  - Pavelic, P
AD  - GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia, james.ward@flinders.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/05/30/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 May 30
SP  - 83
EP  - 99
PB  - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/]
VL  - 370
IS  - 1-4
SN  - 0022-1694, 0022-1694
KW  - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts
KW  - Convection
KW  - Aquifers
KW  - Dispersion in aquifers
KW  - Density
KW  - Groundwater flow
KW  - Convection development
KW  - Aquifer storage
KW  - Mixing
KW  - Storage
KW  - Hydrologic Models
KW  - Numerical models
KW  - Assessments
KW  - Geohydrology
KW  - Groundwater
KW  - Aquifer flow
KW  - AQ 00007:Industrial Effluents
KW  - SW 6030:Hydraulic machinery
KW  - M2 556.14:Infiltration/Soil Moisture (556.14)
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-05-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Dispersion in aquifers; Aquifers; Numerical models; Groundwater flow; Convection development; Aquifer storage; Aquifer flow; Convection; Storage; Hydrologic Models; Assessments; Density; Geohydrology; Groundwater; Mixing
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.02.055
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effect of fly ash preliminary calcination on the properties of geopolymer
AN  - 20468766; 9165863
AB  - The influence of preliminary calcination of fly ashes on the geopolymerisation process has been studied. Preliminary calcination at 500 and 800 super(o)C causes decarbonation of the fly ash while it also leads to a decrease of the amorphous content of the fly ashes from 60 to 57%. Geopolymer prepared using raw fly ash exhibited a compressive strength 55.7(9.2)MPa, while for 500 and 800 super(o)C calcined samples it reduced to 54(5.8) and 44.4(5.4)MPa, respectively. The decrease in compressive strength of the geopolymers is discussed in terms of partial surface crystallisation of the fly ash particles. Reactivity of the fly ash also has been correlated with the shrinkage rate and presence of efflorescence on the surface of geopolymers.
JF  - Journal of Hazardous Materials
AU  - Temuujin, J
AU  - van Riessen, A
AD  - Department of Imaging and Applied Physics, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia, jtemuujin@yahoo.com
Y1  - 2009/05/30/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 May 30
SP  - 634
EP  - 639
PB  - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/]
VL  - 164
IS  - 2-3
SN  - 0304-3894, 0304-3894
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts
KW  - Fly ash
KW  - Atrophy
KW  - X 24490:Other
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20468766?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.atitle=Effect+of+fly+ash+preliminary+calcination+on+the+properties+of+geopolymer&rft.au=Temuujin%2C+J%3Bvan+Riessen%2C+A&rft.aulast=Temuujin&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-05-30&rft.volume=164&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=634&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.issn=03043894&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jhazmat.2008.08.065
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-04-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fly ash; Atrophy
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.08.065
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Global Status of DDT and Its Alternatives for Use in Vector Control to Prevent Disease
AN  - 746077712; 12747442
AB  - I review the status of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), used for disease vector control, along with current evidence on its benefits and risks in relation to the available alternatives. Contemporary data on DDT use were largely obtained from questionnaires and reports. I also conducted a Scopus search to retrieve published articles. DDT has been recommended as part of the arsenal of insecticides available for indoor residual spraying until suitable alternatives are available. Approximately 14 countries use DDT for disease control, and several countries are preparing to reintroduce DDT. The effectiveness of DDT depends on local settings and merits close consideration in relation to the alternatives. Concerns about the continued use of DDT are fueled by recent reports of high levels of human exposure associated with indoor spraying amid accumulating evidence on chronic health effects. There are signs that more malaria vectors are becoming resistant to the toxic action of DDT, and that resistance is spreading to new countries. A comprehensive cost assessment of DDT versus its alternatives that takes side effects into account is missing. Effective chemical methods are available as immediate alternatives to DDT, but the choice of insecticide class is limited, and in certain areas the development of resistance is undermining the efficacy of insecticidal tools. New insecticides are not expected in the short term. Nonchemical methods are potentially important, but their effectiveness at program level needs urgent study. To reduce reliance on DDT, support is needed for integrated and multipartner strategies of vector control and for the continued development of new technologies. Integrated vector management provides a framework for developing and implementing effective technologies and strategies as sustainable alternatives to reliance on DDT.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - van den Berg, Henk
Y1  - 2009/05/29/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 May 29
SP  - 1656
EP  - 1663
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 1
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - DDT
KW  - indoor residual spraying
KW  - integrated vector management
KW  - malaria
KW  - persistent organic pollutants
KW  - vector control
KW  - Scopus
KW  - Insecticides
KW  - Reviews
KW  - Sustainable development
KW  - disease control
KW  - Technology
KW  - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/746077712?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Global+Status+of+DDT+and+Its+Alternatives+for+Use+in+Vector+Control+to+Prevent+Disease&rft.au=van+den+Berg%2C+Henk&rft.aulast=van+den+Berg&rft.aufirst=Henk&rft.date=2009-05-29&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1656&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/10.1289%2Fehp.0900785
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-06-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Insecticides; malaria; Reviews; DDT; Sustainable development; disease control; Technology; Scopus
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0900785
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Hiring and Pay Authorities for Federal Scientific and Technical (S&T) Personnel
AN  - 58844856; 2008-423654
AB  - The federal government has made many efforts to recruit and retain scientists, engineers, and technical workers, who otherwise may find a more attractive environment in the private and nonfederal sectors. This report reviews the use of hiring and pay authorities for science and technology (S&T) personnel; the need to balance flexibility in hiring, on one hand, with preventing abuse of the flexibility, on the other; and a variety of statutory authorities that point to how Congress can evaluate the ability of the federal government and its agencies to recruit and retain S&T personnel. Tables, Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, May 29 2009, 34 pp.
AU  - Stine, Deborah D
AU  - Brass, Clinton T
Y1  - 2009/05/29/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 May 29
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Government - Government employees
KW  - Labor conditions and policy - Labor conditions, wages, salaries, and benefits
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military service
KW  - Science and technology policy - Science and science policy and research
KW  - Science and technology policy - Scientists, engineers, and technical workers
KW  - Technical workers
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Wages and salaries
KW  - Government employees
KW  - Engineers
KW  - Recruiting, enlistment, etc.
KW  - Scientific research
KW  - Scientists
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58844856?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Stine%2C+Deborah+D%3BBrass%2C+Clinton+T&rft.aulast=Stine&rft.aufirst=Deborah&rft.date=2009-05-29&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Hiring+and+Pay+Authorities+for+Federal+Scientific+and+Technical+%28S%26T%29+Personnel&rft.title=Hiring+and+Pay+Authorities+for+Federal+Scientific+and+Technical+%28S%26T%29+Personnel&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40604_20090529.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-02-03
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40604
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act: Overview and Issues
AN  - 58835621; 2008-423653
AB  - Members of the military and US citizens who live abroad are eligible to register and vote absentee in federal elections under the Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act (UOCAVA) of 1986, which was enacted to improve absentee registration and voting for this group of voters and to consolidate existing laws. This report reviews prior laws that assisted these voters and more recent legislation that has additionally assisted those voting from overseas. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, May 29 2009, 7 pp.
AU  - Coleman, Kevin J
Y1  - 2009/05/29/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 May 29
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Politics - Elections and voting
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military personnel and veterans
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - United States
KW  - Elections
KW  - Voting, Absentee
KW  - Law
KW  - Service men
KW  - Legislation
KW  - Armed forces
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58835621?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Coleman%2C+Kevin+J&rft.aulast=Coleman&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft.date=2009-05-29&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+Uniformed+and+Overseas+Citizens+Absentee+Voting+Act%3A+Overview+and+Issues&rft.title=The+Uniformed+and+Overseas+Citizens+Absentee+Voting+Act%3A+Overview+and+Issues&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RS20764_20090529.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-02-03
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RS20764
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Coast Guard Deepwater Acquisition Programs: Background, Oversight Issues, and Options for Congress
AN  - 58829397; 2008-371985
AB  - The Integrated Deepwater System (IDS) program refers to a collection of more than a dozen Coast Guard acquisition programs for replacing and modernizing the service's aging fleet of deepwater-capable ships and aircraft. Until April 2007, the Coast Guard had pursued these programs as a single, integrated acquisition program, but Coast Guard and industry officials have acknowledged certain problems in the program's management and execution, and it announced a number of reform actions that significantly altered the service's approach to Deepwater acquisition (and to Coast Guard acquisition in general). Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, May 29 2009, 56 pp.
AU  - O'Rourke, Ronald
Y1  - 2009/05/29/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 May 29
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Transportation and transportation policy - Maritime and inland water transport
KW  - Ships
KW  - Purchasing, Military and naval
KW  - United States Coast guard
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58829397?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=O%27Rourke%2C+Ronald&rft.aulast=O%27Rourke&rft.aufirst=Ronald&rft.date=2009-05-29&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Coast+Guard+Deepwater+Acquisition+Programs%3A+Background%2C+Oversight+Issues%2C+and+Options+for+Congress&rft.title=Coast+Guard+Deepwater+Acquisition+Programs%3A+Background%2C+Oversight+Issues%2C+and+Options+for+Congress&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL33753_20090529.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-31
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RL33753
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Airport Improvement Program (AIP): Reauthorization Issues for Congress
AN  - 58823506; 2008-371986
AB  - The Airport Improvement Program (AIP) has been providing federal grants for airport development and planning since the passage of the Airport and Airway Improvement Act of 1982 (P.L. 97-248), with funding usually spent on projects that support aircraft operations such as runways, taxiways, aprons, noise abatement, land purchase, and safety or emergency equipment. This report is focused solely on AIP issues in the ongoing Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) reauthorization debate. Tables, Figures, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, May 29 2009, 46 pp.
AU  - Kirk, Robert S
Y1  - 2009/05/29/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 May 29
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - Transportation and transportation policy - Air transport
KW  - Environment and environmental policy - Architecture and planning
KW  - Infrastructure
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Aviation
KW  - Appropriations and expenditures
KW  - Planning
KW  - United States Federal aviation administration
KW  - Airports
KW  - Legislation
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58823506?accountid=14244
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40608_20090529.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-31
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code R40608
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The Army's Future Combat System (FCS): Background and Issues for Congress
AN  - 58818756; 2008-371984
AB  - The Future Combat System (FCS) was a multiyear, multibillion dollar program -- the Army's major research, development, and acquisition program consisting of 14 manned and unmanned systems tied together by an extensive communications and information network -- however, it has been a high-risk venture due to the advanced technologies involved and the challenge of networking all of the FCS subsystems together so that FCS-equipped units could function as intended. On April 6, 2009, Secretary of Defense Gates announced that he intended to significantly restructure the FCS program. Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, May 29 2009, 14 pp.
AU  - Feickert, Andrew
Y1  - 2009/05/29/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 May 29
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military planning, strategy, and operations
KW  - Science and technology policy - Science and science policy and research
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Communication
KW  - Science and technology policy - Technology and technology policy
KW  - Research and development
KW  - Military operations
KW  - Communication
KW  - United States Army
KW  - Technology
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL32888_20090529.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-31
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RL32888
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Intellectual Property Rights and Access to Medicines: International Trade Issues
AN  - 58842051; 2008-423655
AB  - This report focuses on the relationship between intellectual property right (IPR) provisions in international and US trade policy and access to medicines. It also points out possible issues of interest for Congress including incorporating public health concerns into the US trade policy advisory process, developing new US trade policy guidance on public health, considering the implications of the US strategy on IPRs and trade for US access to medicines, and reviewing the range of options utilized for expanding global access to medicines. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, May 28 2009, 28 pp.
AU  - Ilias, Shayerah
Y1  - 2009/05/28/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 May 28
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Property and wealth
KW  - Law and ethics - Commercial law
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Medicine and health care
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Health and health policy
KW  - Trade and trade policy - Export-import trade
KW  - United States
KW  - Property, Intellectual
KW  - Medicine
KW  - Right of property
KW  - Export-import trade
KW  - Public health
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58842051?accountid=14244
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40607_20090528.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-02-03
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40607
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - FDA Tobacco Regulation: The Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act of 2009
AN  - 58841360; 2008-423657
AB  - On April 2, 2009, the House passed the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act (H.R. 1256); and on May 20, the Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor and Pensions approved an almost identical bill (S. 982), both of which would create a new Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA) Chapter IX solely for the regulation of tobacco products. This report provides a detailed summary of the provisions in H.R. 1256/S. 982 and discusses some of the public health and legal issues it raises. Tables, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, May 28 2009, 30 pp.
AU  - Redhead, C Stephen
AU  - Burrows, Vanessa K
Y1  - 2009/05/28/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 May 28
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Agriculture and agricultural policy - Crop management and agricultural production
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Drinking, smoking, and drug addiction
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Health and health policy
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - Tobacco industry
KW  - Smoking
KW  - United States Food and drug administration
KW  - Regulation
KW  - Legislation
KW  - Public health
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58841360?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Redhead%2C+C+Stephen%3BBurrows%2C+Vanessa+K&rft.aulast=Redhead&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2009-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=FDA+Tobacco+Regulation%3A+The+Family+Smoking+Prevention+and+Tobacco+Control+Act+of+2009&rft.title=FDA+Tobacco+Regulation%3A+The+Family+Smoking+Prevention+and+Tobacco+Control+Act+of+2009&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40475_20090528.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-02-03
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40475
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The State Secrets Privilege and Other Limits on Litigation Involving Classified Information
AN  - 58825458; 2008-423656
AB  - The state secrets privilege is a judicially created evidentiary privilege that allows the government to resist court-ordered disclosure of information during litigation, if there is a reasonable danger that such disclosure would harm the national security of the US. Legislation in the 111th Congress would codify the privilege and limit the privilege to cases where significant harm to national security was presented, require judicial review of the actual information claimed to be privileged, and require the Attorney General to report to Congress within 30 days of any invocation of the state secrets privilege. Tables, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, May 28 2009, 20 pp.
AU  - Liu, Edward C
Y1  - 2009/05/28/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 May 28
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Psychology
KW  - Education and education policy - Educational psychology and learning ability
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - Government - Information policy
KW  - Government - Internal security
KW  - Administration of justice - Courts and judicial power
KW  - Intelligence
KW  - Law
KW  - Defense information, Classified
KW  - Judicial review
KW  - Security classification (government documents)
KW  - Legislation
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58825458?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Liu%2C+Edward+C&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft.date=2009-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+State+Secrets+Privilege+and+Other+Limits+on+Litigation+Involving+Classified+Information&rft.title=The+State+Secrets+Privilege+and+Other+Limits+on+Litigation+Involving+Classified+Information&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40603_20090528.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-02-03
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40603
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Security and Prosperity Partnership of North America: An Overview and Selected Issues
AN  - 58833666; 2008-371989
AB  - The Security and Prosperity Partnership of North America (SPP), a 2005 trilateral initiative to increase cooperation and information sharing for security and prosperity in the US, Canada, and Mexico, is a government initiative endorsed by the leaders of the three countries, but not a signed agreement or treaty and, therefore, contains no legally binding commitments or obligations. In April 2008, the North American leaders held a summit to discuss advancing the goals of the SPP, but it is unclear what course of action will be taken on SPP under President Barack Obama's Administration.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, May 27 2009, 8 pp.
AU  - Villarreal, M Angeles
AU  - Lake, Jennifer E
Y1  - 2009/05/27/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 May 27
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - International relations - International peace and security
KW  - International relations - Treaties
KW  - United States
KW  - North America
KW  - Mexico
KW  - Canada
KW  - Regional security
KW  - Treaties
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58833666?accountid=14244
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RS22701_20090527.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-31
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RS22701
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Factors Affecting the Demand for Long-Term Care Insurance: Issues for Congress
AN  - 58833444; 2010-442841
AB  - For the majority of older Americans, the cost of obtaining long-term care (LTC) may far exceed their financial resources; and while private long-term care insurance (LTCI) is available, only 7% of LTC spending was paid by LTCI in 2007. This report discusses the role of LTCI in financing LTC costs and current trends in the LTCI industry; factors affecting the demand for LTCI, including cost and complexity of the product and adequacy of consumer protections; and key features of legislative proposals in the 111th Congress to address these issues. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, May 27 2009, 20 pp.
AU  - Mulvey, Janemarie
Y1  - 2009/05/27/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 May 27
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Medicine and health care
KW  - Business and service sector - Insurance
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Health and health policy
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Consumers and consumption
KW  - Cost
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Long-term care of the sick
KW  - Health insurance
KW  - Consumer protection
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58833444?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Mulvey%2C+Janemarie&rft.aulast=Mulvey&rft.aufirst=Janemarie&rft.date=2009-05-27&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Factors+Affecting+the+Demand+for+Long-Term+Care+Insurance%3A+Issues+for+Congress&rft.title=Factors+Affecting+the+Demand+for+Long-Term+Care+Insurance%3A+Issues+for+Congress&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40601_20090527.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40601
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Mexico's Drug-Related Violence
AN  - 58831253; 2010-442839
AB  - The 111th Congress has held more than a dozen hearings dealing with the increased violence in Mexico as well as US foreign assistance and border security efforts. This report examines the causes for the escalation of the violence in Mexico, provides a brief overview of Mexico's counterdrug efforts, a description of the major drug trafficking organizations (DTOs), the causes and trends in the violence, the Calderon government's efforts to crackdown on the DTOs, and the objectives and implementation of the Merida Initiative as a response to the violence in Mexico. Tables, Figures, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, May 27 2009, 24 pp.
AU  - Beittel, June S
Y1  - 2009/05/27/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 May 27
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Administration of justice - Crime and criminals
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Social conditions and problems
KW  - International relations - International relief and humanitarian assistance
KW  - Government - Nation state
KW  - United States
KW  - Mexico
KW  - Drug traffic
KW  - Calderon Hinojosa, Felipe de Jesus
KW  - Economic assistance
KW  - Border areas
KW  - Violence
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58831253?accountid=14244
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40582_20090527.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40582
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - USAID's Office of Transition Initiatives after 15 Years: Issues for Congress
AN  - 58827924; 2010-442838
AB  - The Office of Transition Initiatives (OTI) at the US Agency for International Development (USAID) was created in 1994 to bridge the gap between emergency disaster relief programs and long-term development assistance, and in its 15 years in operation, OTI has served in part as a laboratory within USAID to try innovative approaches to development. The 111th Congress may wish to consider several aspects of the OTI program, from personnel structure and contracting mechanisms to coordination with other US assistance programs, as part of oversight or legislated reform activities concerning OTI, USAID, or foreign assistance in general. Tables, Figures, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, May 27 2009, 21 pp.
AU  - Lawson, Marian Leonardo
Y1  - 2009/05/27/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 May 27
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - International relations - International relief and humanitarian assistance
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - Disaster relief
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - United States International development agency
KW  - Emergency preparedness
KW  - Economic development
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58827924?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Lawson%2C+Marian+Leonardo&rft.aulast=Lawson&rft.aufirst=Marian&rft.date=2009-05-27&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=USAID%27s+Office+of+Transition+Initiatives+after+15+Years%3A+Issues+for+Congress&rft.title=USAID%27s+Office+of+Transition+Initiatives+after+15+Years%3A+Issues+for+Congress&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40600_20090527.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40600
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Gun Control: Statutory Disclosure Limitations on ATF Firearms Trace Data and Multiple Handgun Sales Reports
AN  - 58826345; 2008-371988
AB  - For FY2003-FY2009, a rider, the "Tiahrt" amendment, on the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF) appropriations has prohibited ATF from disclosing firearm trace data (based on firearm transfer records maintained in part by licensed gun dealers) and multiple handgun sales reports data for any purpose other than a criminal investigation or agency licensing proceeding. A coalition of 210 city mayors favors the repeal of this rider, but the Fraternal Order of Police favors retaining it, as does ATF -- For FY2008, Congress included modified Tiahrt amendment language in the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2008 (P.L. 110-161).
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, May 27 2009, 6 pp.
AU  - Krouse, William J
Y1  - 2009/05/27/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 May 27
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military equipment and weapons
KW  - Administration of justice - Police and law enforcement
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - United States Alcohol, tobacco, and firearms bureau
KW  - Firearms
KW  - Crime prevention
KW  - Police
KW  - Criminal investigation
KW  - Legislation
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58826345?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Krouse%2C+William+J&rft.aulast=Krouse&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2009-05-27&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Gun+Control%3A+Statutory+Disclosure+Limitations+on+ATF+Firearms+Trace+Data+and+Multiple+Handgun+Sales+Reports&rft.title=Gun+Control%3A+Statutory+Disclosure+Limitations+on+ATF+Firearms+Trace+Data+and+Multiple+Handgun+Sales+Reports&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RS22458_20090527.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-31
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RS22458
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The Department of Homeland Security Intelligence Enterprise: Operational Overview and Oversight Challenges for Congress
AN  - 58822656; 2010-442843
AB  - This report provides an overview of the Department of Homeland Security Intelligence (DHSI) both at headquarters and within the components. It examines how DHSI is organized and supports key departmental activities to include homeland security analysis and threat warning; border security; critical infrastructure protection; and support to, and the sharing of information with, state, local, tribal, and private sector partners, as well as several oversight challenges and options that Congress may consider on certain issues. Tables, Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, May 27 2009, 56 pp.
AU  - Randol, Mark A
Y1  - 2009/05/27/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 May 27
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Psychology
KW  - Education and education policy - Educational psychology and learning ability
KW  - Law and ethics - Criminal law
KW  - Government - Internal security
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Intelligence
KW  - United States Homeland security department
KW  - Surveillance
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58822656?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Randol%2C+Mark+A&rft.aulast=Randol&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2009-05-27&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+Department+of+Homeland+Security+Intelligence+Enterprise%3A+Operational+Overview+and+Oversight+Challenges+for+Congress&rft.title=The+Department+of+Homeland+Security+Intelligence+Enterprise%3A+Operational+Overview+and+Oversight+Challenges+for+Congress&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40602_20090527.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40602
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Market-Based Greenhouse Gas Control: Selected Proposals in the 111th Congress
AN  - 58822596; 2010-442840
AB  - Members in the 111th Congress have introduced seven stand-alone proposals that would control greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The proposals offered would employ market-based approaches -- either a cap-and-trade or carbon tax system, or some combination thereof -- to reduce GHG emissions. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, May 27 2009, 17 pp.
AU  - Ramseur, Jonathan L
AU  - Parker, Larry
AU  - Yacobucci, Brent D
Y1  - 2009/05/27/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 May 27
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Environment and environmental policy - Ecology and environmental policy
KW  - Business and service sector - Markets, marketing, and merchandising
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Emissions trading
KW  - Free enterprise
KW  - Markets
KW  - Environmental policy
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58822596?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Ramseur%2C+Jonathan+L%3BParker%2C+Larry%3BYacobucci%2C+Brent+D&rft.aulast=Ramseur&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=2009-05-27&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Market-Based+Greenhouse+Gas+Control%3A+Selected+Proposals+in+the+111th+Congress&rft.title=Market-Based+Greenhouse+Gas+Control%3A+Selected+Proposals+in+the+111th+Congress&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40556_20090527.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40553
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Mexico's Drug-Related Violence
AN  - 1679101927; MD01706
AB  - Reports on drug trafficking in Mexico, rise in related violence, and U.S. response.
AU  - United States. Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
AD  - United States. Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
PY  - 2009
SP  - 27
KW  - Corruption
KW  - Drug traffic
KW  - Mérida Initiative
KW  - Violence
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1679101927?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Adnsa_md&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Mexico%27s+Drug-Related+Violence&rft.au=United+States.+Library+of+Congress.+Congressional+Research+Service&rft.aulast=United+States.+Library+of+Congress.+Congressional+Research+Service&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2009-05-27&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://www.state.gov.
LA  - English
DB  - Digital National Security Archive
N1  - Name - Beltrán-Leyva Cartel (Mexico); Gulf Cartel (Mexico); Juárez Cartel (Mexico); Los Zetas (Mexico); Sinaloa Cartel (Mexico); Tijuana Cartel (Mexico)
N1  - Analyte descriptor - NSA document type: Report; Location of original: Available [Online]: State Department
N1  - Last updated - 2015-06-16
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Political Turmoil in Thailand and U.S. Interests
AN  - 58833461; 2010-442844
AB  - Thailand has been destabilized by years of political turmoil since a military coup deposed Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra in September 2006; and mass demonstrations on both sides of the political divide have disrupted tourism and business in the kingdom and twice forced the postponement of an international Asian leaders' summit. This report examines the government's performance, the role of the military, Thaksin's impact on the situation, and the royal family's influence. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, May 26 2009, 7 pp.
AU  - Chanlett-Avery, Emma
Y1  - 2009/05/26/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 May 26
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - International relations - International relations
KW  - Government - Internal security
KW  - Business and service sector - Hospitality and tourism business
KW  - Business and service sector - Business and business enterprises
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic conditions
KW  - Tourism
KW  - United States
KW  - Shinawatra, Thaksin
KW  - Business
KW  - Interest
KW  - Thailand
KW  - Government and politics
KW  - Economic conditions
KW  - Foreign relations
KW  - Internal security
KW  - Royal family
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58833461?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Chanlett-Avery%2C+Emma&rft.aulast=Chanlett-Avery&rft.aufirst=Emma&rft.date=2009-05-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Political+Turmoil+in+Thailand+and+U.S.+Interests&rft.title=Political+Turmoil+in+Thailand+and+U.S.+Interests&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40605_20090526.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40605
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Landsat and the Data Continuity Mission
AN  - 58833238; 2008-423652
AB  - The US Landsat Mission has collected remotely sensed imagery of the Earth's surface for more than 35 years. At present two satellites -- Landsat-5, launched in 1984, and Landsat-7, launched in 1999 -- are in orbit and continuing to supply images and data for the many users of the information, but they are operating beyond their designed life and may fail at any time. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, May 22 2009, 7 pp.
AU  - Behrens, Carl E
Y1  - 2009/05/22/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 May 22
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Science and technology policy - Astronomy and space research and technology
KW  - Science and technology policy - Chemistry, geology, and physics
KW  - United States
KW  - Space research and technology
KW  - Satellites
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58833238?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Behrens%2C+Carl+E&rft.aulast=Behrens&rft.aufirst=Carl&rft.date=2009-05-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Landsat+and+the+Data+Continuity+Mission&rft.title=Landsat+and+the+Data+Continuity+Mission&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40594_20090522.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-02-03
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40594
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - CPAPER
T1  - Progressive Promises Made, Promises Kept? Richard Nixon and Pledges Made to Seniors During His Presidency
T2  - 2009 Conference of the Oceanic Popular Culture Association
AN  - 42121458; 5146195
JF  - 2009 Conference of the Oceanic Popular Culture Association
AU  - Augustyn, Jr., Frederick
Y1  - 2009/05/22/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 May 22
KW  - U 7000:Multidisciplinary
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42121458?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2009+Conference+of+the+Oceanic+Popular+Culture+Association&rft.atitle=Progressive+Promises+Made%2C+Promises+Kept%3F+Richard+Nixon+and+Pledges+Made+to+Seniors+During+His+Presidency&rft.au=Augustyn%2C+Jr.%2C+Frederick&rft.aulast=Augustyn&rft.aufirst=Jr.&rft.date=2009-05-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2009+Conference+of+the+Oceanic+Popular+Culture+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://www.chaminade.edu/humanities/conferences/pcc_2009/2009%20OPCA%2 0Schedule.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-09-28
N1  - Last updated - 2010-05-03
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Concurrent Receipt: Background and Issues for Congress
AN  - 58833139; 2010-442846
AB  - "Concurrent Receipt" refers to the simultaneous receipt of two types of monetary benefits: military retired pay and Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) disability compensation; and prior to 2004, existing laws and regulations dictated that a military retiree could not receive two payments from federal agencies for the same purpose. Proponents for the concurrent receipt of both military retired pay and VA disability compensation have argued that these pays were for discrete and different purposes while opponents have maintained that concurrent receipt is expensive, not supported by precedent, and could result in similar offsets between other federal programs. Tables, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, May 21 2009, 21 pp.
AU  - Henning, Charles A
Y1  - 2009/05/21/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 May 21
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military personnel and veterans
KW  - Veterans
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - United States Veterans affairs department
KW  - Regulation
KW  - Benefits
KW  - Payment
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58833139?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Henning%2C+Charles+A&rft.aulast=Henning&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2009-05-21&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Concurrent+Receipt%3A+Background+and+Issues+for+Congress&rft.title=Concurrent+Receipt%3A+Background+and+Issues+for+Congress&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40589_20090521.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40589
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Direct-to-Consumer Advertising of Prescription Drugs
AN  - 58842638; 2010-442850
AB  - Reviews what Members of Congress and the public could do differently concerning direct-to-consumer (DTC) drug advertising in light of safety problems involving some heavily advertised medications. As explored in this report, Congress could consider a variety of options to allay concerns about DTC drug advertising; and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has authority to control the content, timing, and placement of ads as well as provide for consumer education. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, May 20 2009, 34 pp.
AU  - Thaul, Susan
Y1  - 2009/05/20/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 May 20
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Medicine and health care
KW  - Manufacturing and heavy industry - Pharmaceutical industry
KW  - Business and service sector - Markets, marketing, and merchandising
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Consumers and consumption
KW  - Business and service sector - Business and business enterprises
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - Business and service sector - Advertising and public relations
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Prescriptions
KW  - Government regulation of business
KW  - United States Food and drug administration
KW  - Marketing
KW  - Advertising
KW  - Consumer protection
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58842638?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Thaul%2C+Susan&rft.aulast=Thaul&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2009-05-20&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Direct-to-Consumer+Advertising+of+Prescription+Drugs&rft.title=Direct-to-Consumer+Advertising+of+Prescription+Drugs&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40590_20090520.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40590
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - U.S. Security Assistance to Lebanon
AN  - 58831364; 2010-442854
AB  - Since 2005, the US has provided over 600 million dollars in security assistance to the government of Lebanon to increase the capacity of its various security forces to combat terrorism and secure Lebanon's borders against weapons smuggling to Hezbollah and other armed groups. The ongoing conflict not only jeopardizes the long-term stability of Lebanon, but also presents the US with a number of pressing policy questions, including how to manage a long-standing commitment to Lebanon with other regional challenges. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, May 20 2009, 12 pp.
AU  - Addis, Casey L
Y1  - 2009/05/20/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 May 20
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - International relations - International relief and humanitarian assistance
KW  - International relations - International peace and security
KW  - Military and defense policy - National defense
KW  - Administration of justice - Crime and criminals
KW  - International relations - War
KW  - Politics - Political dissent and internal conflict
KW  - United States
KW  - Counterterrorism
KW  - Economic assistance
KW  - Lebanon
KW  - Smuggling
KW  - Conflict
KW  - Regional security
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58831364?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Addis%2C+Casey+L&rft.aulast=Addis&rft.aufirst=Casey&rft.date=2009-05-20&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=U.S.+Security+Assistance+to+Lebanon&rft.title=U.S.+Security+Assistance+to+Lebanon&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40485_20090520.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40485
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Repealing Deferral: How to Make U.S. Corporations Less Competitive and Destroy Jobs
AN  - 742955402; 2010-503720
AB  - President Obama's proposal to increase taxes on US businesses operating abroad will do precisely the opposite of what the President asserts: it will destroy jobs in this country, generate relatively little tax revenue, and harm the nation's economic growth. The US will soon be the only major country that taxes its corporations on their profits earned overseas after they pay taxes to the country in which they operate. Tables, Figures.
JF  - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee, May 19 2009, 8 pp.
AU  - United States Senate Republican Policy Committee
Y1  - 2009/05/19/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 May 19
PB  - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee
KW  - Business and service sector - Business and business enterprises
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic conditions
KW  - Labor conditions and policy - Work and labor
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Taxation and tax policy
KW  - Obama, Barack
KW  - United States
KW  - Corporations
KW  - Economic development
KW  - Business tax
KW  - Economic conditions
KW  - Competition
KW  - Labor
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/742955402?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=United+States+Senate+Republican+Policy+Committee&rft.aulast=United+States+Senate+Republican+Policy+Committee&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2009-05-19&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Repealing+Deferral%3A+How+to+Make+U.S.+Corporations+Less+Competitive+and+Destroy+Jobs&rft.title=Repealing+Deferral%3A+How+to+Make+U.S.+Corporations+Less+Competitive+and+Destroy+Jobs&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://rpc.senate.gov/public/_files/051909RepealingDeferralIB.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-05-10
N1  - Publication note - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee, 2009
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The Obama Administration's Student Loan Proposals: An Expansion of the Federal Government that Harms Students and Taxpayers
AN  - 742953846; 2010-503721
AB  - The President's budget proposal would eradicate private sector competition in the student loan industry and shift all student loans to the Direct Loan program. This would result in a vast expansion of the federal government's role, limit consumer choice, and decrease the availability and quality of services to students, families, and institutions of higher education. The proposal would also be unlikely to produce the savings that have been suggested, and would therefore likely contribute to further expansion of budget deficits and the national debt. Tables.
JF  - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee, May 19 2009, 7 pp.
AU  - United States Senate Republican Policy Committee
Y1  - 2009/05/19/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 May 19
PB  - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee
KW  - Education and education policy - Education financing and facilities
KW  - Government - Forms of government
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Public finance
KW  - Education and education policy - Colleges and universities
KW  - Education and education policy - Education
KW  - Obama, Barack
KW  - Educational policy
KW  - Federal government
KW  - Appropriations and expenditures
KW  - Public debts
KW  - Budget, Government
KW  - Colleges and universities
KW  - Student loans
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/742953846?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=United+States+Senate+Republican+Policy+Committee&rft.aulast=United+States+Senate+Republican+Policy+Committee&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2009-05-19&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+Obama+Administration%27s+Student+Loan+Proposals%3A+An+Expansion+of+the+Federal+Government+that+Harms+Students+and+Taxpayers&rft.title=The+Obama+Administration%27s+Student+Loan+Proposals%3A+An+Expansion+of+the+Federal+Government+that+Harms+Students+and+Taxpayers&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://rpc.senate.gov/public/_files/951909StudentLoanProposalaf.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-05-10
N1  - Publication note - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee, 2009
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Environmental Health Indicators of Climate Change for the United States: Findings from the State Environmental Health Indicator Collaborative
AN  - 746082312; 12747063
AB  - To develop public health adaptation strategies and to project the impacts of climate change on human health, indicators of vulnerability and preparedness along with accurate surveillance data on climate-sensitive health outcomes are needed. We researched and developed environmental health indicators for inputs into human health vulnerability assessments for climate change and to propose public health preventative actions. We conducted a review of the scientific literature to identify outcomes and actions that were related to climate change. Data sources included governmental and nongovernmental agencies and the published literature. Sources were identified and assessed for completeness, usability, and accuracy. Priority was then given to identifying longitudinal data sets that were applicable at the state and community level. We present a list of surveillance indicators for practitioners and policy makers that include climate-sensitive health outcomes and environmental and vulnerability indicators, as well as mitigation, adaptation, and policy indicators of climate change. A review of environmental health indicators for climate change shows that data exist for many of these measures, but more evaluation of their sensitivity and usefulness is needed. Further attention is necessary to increase data quality and availability and to develop new surveillance databases, especially for climate-sensitive morbidity.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - English, Paul B
AU  - Sinclair, Amber H
AU  - Ross, Zev
AU  - Anderson, Henry
AU  - Boothe, Vicki
AU  - Davis, Christine
AU  - Ebi, Kristie
AU  - Kagey, Betsy
AU  - Malecki, Kristen
AU  - Shultz, Rebecca
AU  - Simms, Erin
AD  - 0 Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
Y1  - 2009/05/18/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 May 18
SP  - 1673
EP  - 1681
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 1
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - adaptation
KW  - air quality
KW  - climate change
KW  - environmental health
KW  - heat
KW  - indicators
KW  - vulnerability
KW  - Sensitivity
KW  - USA
KW  - mitigation
KW  - Reviews
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Environmental health
KW  - Morbidity
KW  - Public health
KW  - adaptability
KW  - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-05-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sensitivity; mitigation; Reviews; Climatic changes; Environmental health; vulnerability; Morbidity; adaptability; Public health; USA
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0900708
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Meet Your New Neighbor, Khalid Sheikh Mohammad? The Senate Should Deny Funds for the Transfer of Guantanamo Detainees to the U.S.
AN  - 742949809; 2010-503722
AB  - As one of his first acts in office, President Obama acted to fulfill a campaign promise by announcing that the detention facility at Guantanamo Bay would be closed within one year. He did not provide any semblance of a plan articulating where any detainees who are there now, or any al Qaeda terrorists captured in the future, will go. Given the extensive opposition to any proposal to bring Guantanamo detainees to the US, the Obama Administration and its supporters are learning that governing responsibly on national security issues is much more difficult than campaigning on them. Tables.
JF  - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee, May 18 2009, 15 pp.
AU  - United States Senate Republican Policy Committee
Y1  - 2009/05/18/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 May 18
PB  - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee
KW  - Administration of justice - Prisoners and correctional facilities and personnel
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military bases and facilities
KW  - Human rights - Human rights promotion and violations
KW  - Administration of justice - Crime and criminals
KW  - Administration of justice - Legal procedure
KW  - Obama, Barack
KW  - Guantanamo bay, Cuba
KW  - Detention of persons
KW  - Muhammad, Khalid Abdul (Harold Moore, Jr.), 1948-2001
KW  - Al Qaeda
KW  - United States Senate
KW  - Prisoners
KW  - Trials
KW  - Military bases
KW  - Terrorists
KW  - book
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L2  - http://rpc.senate.gov/public/_files/051809NewNeighborKSMGitmoDetaineesms.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-05-10
N1  - Publication note - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee, 2009
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Reexamination of the PPAR-a Activation Mode of Action as a Basis for Assessing Human Cancer Risks of Environmental Contaminants
AN  - 746080213; 12747245
AB  - Diverse environmental contaminants, including the plasticizer di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP), are hepatocarcinogenic peroxisome proliferators in rodents. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-a (PPAR-a) activation and its sequelae have been proposed to constitute a mode of action (MOA) for hepatocarcinogenesis by such agents as a sole causative factor. Further, based on a hypothesized lower sensitivity of humans to this MOA, prior reviews have concluded that rodent hepatocarcinogenesis by PPAR-a agonists is irrelevant to human carcinogenic risk. Herein, we review recent studies that experimentally challenge the PPAR-a activation MOA hypothesis, providing evidence that DEHP is hepatocarcinogenic in PPAR-a-null mice and that the MOA but not hepatocarcinogenesis is evoked by PPAR-a activation in a transgenic mouse model. We further examine whether relative potency for PPAR-a activation or other steps in the MOA correlates with tumorigenic potency. In addition, for most PPAR-a agonists of environmental concern, available data are insufficient to characterize relative human sensitivity to this rodent MOA or to induction of hepatocarcinogenesis. Our review and analyses raise questions about the hypothesized PPAR-a activation MOA as a sole explanation for rodent hepatocarcinogenesis by PPAR-a agonists and therefore its utility as a primary basis for assessing human carcinogenic risk from the diverse compounds that activate PPAR-a. These findings have broad implications for how MOA hypotheses are developed, tested, and applied in human health risk assessment. We discuss alternatives to the current approaches to these key aspects of mechanistic data evaluation.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Guyton, Kathryn Z
AU  - Chiu, Weihsueh A
AU  - Bateson, Thomas F
AU  - Jinot, Jennifer
AU  - Scott, Cheryl Siegel
AU  - Brown, Rebecca C
AU  - Caldwell, Jane C
Y1  - 2009/05/15/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 May 15
SP  - 1664
EP  - 1672
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 1
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - carcinogenesis
KW  - mode of action
KW  - peroxisome proliferators
KW  - risk assessment
KW  - Sensitivity
KW  - Carcinogenicity
KW  - Reviews
KW  - Mice
KW  - Contaminants
KW  - environmental perception
KW  - rodents
KW  - Cancer
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-05-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sensitivity; Carcinogenicity; Reviews; Mice; environmental perception; Contaminants; Cancer; rodents
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0900758
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Supreme Court Nominations, 1789-2009: Actions by the Senate, the Judiciary Committee and the President
AN  - 58825376; 2008-372055
AB  - The process of appointing Supreme Court Justices has undergone changes over two centuries, but its most basic feature, the sharing of power between the President and Senate, has remained unchanged. To receive a lifetime appointment to the Court, a candidate must first be nominated by the President and then confirmed by the Senate -- A key role also has come to be played midway in the process by the Senate Judiciary Committee. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, May 13 2009, 42 pp.
AU  - Rutkus, Denis Steven
AU  - Bearden, Maureen
Y1  - 2009/05/13/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 May 13
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Politics - Elections and voting
KW  - Government - Intergovernmental relations
KW  - Government - Public officials
KW  - Separation of powers
KW  - United States Supreme court
KW  - Presidents
KW  - Judiciary
KW  - Nominations
KW  - United States Senate
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58825376?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Rutkus%2C+Denis+Steven%3BBearden%2C+Maureen&rft.aulast=Rutkus&rft.aufirst=Denis&rft.date=2009-05-13&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Supreme+Court+Nominations%2C+1789-2009%3A+Actions+by+the+Senate%2C+the+Judiciary+Committee+and+the+President&rft.title=Supreme+Court+Nominations%2C+1789-2009%3A+Actions+by+the+Senate%2C+the+Judiciary+Committee+and+the+President&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL33225_20090513.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-31
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RL33225
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Latin America and the Caribbean: Fact Sheet on Leaders and Elections
AN  - 58834814; 2008-372057
AB  - This fact sheet tracks the current heads of government in Central and South America, Mexico, and the Caribbean. It provides the dates of the last and next elections for the head of government and the national independence date for each country. Tables, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, May 12 2009, 5 pp.
AU  - Sullivan, Mark P
AU  - Gomez-Granger, Julissa
Y1  - 2009/05/12/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 May 12
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Politics - Elections and voting
KW  - Elections
KW  - Latin America
KW  - Caribbean region
KW  - Government and politics
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58834814?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Sullivan%2C+Mark+P%3BGomez-Granger%2C+Julissa&rft.aulast=Sullivan&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2009-05-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Latin+America+and+the+Caribbean%3A+Fact+Sheet+on+Leaders+and+Elections&rft.title=Latin+America+and+the+Caribbean%3A+Fact+Sheet+on+Leaders+and+Elections&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/98-684_20090512.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-31
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code 98-684
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Canada-U.S. Relations
AN  - 58818357; 2008-372056
AB  - Relations between the US and Canada, though generally close, have undergone changes in tenor over the past three decades. Many Members of Congress follow US-Canada environmental, trade, and transborder issues that affect their states and districts; and additionally, they study solutions proposed in Canada to such issues as federal fiscal policy and federal-provincial power sharing. This report provides a short overview of Canada's political scene, its economic conditions, and its recent security and foreign policy, and several summaries of current bilateral issues in the political, trade, and environmental arenas.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, May 12 2009, 74 pp.
AU  - Ek, Carl
Y1  - 2009/05/12/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 May 12
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - International relations - International relations
KW  - Government - Nation state
KW  - United States
KW  - Canada
KW  - Economic relations
KW  - Border areas
KW  - Foreign relations
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58818357?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Ek%2C+Carl&rft.aulast=Ek&rft.aufirst=Carl&rft.date=2009-05-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Canada-U.S.+Relations&rft.title=Canada-U.S.+Relations&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/96-397_20090512.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-31
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code 7-5700
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - CPAPER
T1  - How to Deal with Sudden Public Emergencies in Emergency Department of General Hospital
T2  - 16th World Congress on Disaster and Emergency Medicine (WCDEM 2009)
AN  - 42135236; 5155138
JF  - 16th World Congress on Disaster and Emergency Medicine (WCDEM 2009)
AU  - Xia, H
Y1  - 2009/05/12/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 May 12
KW  - Emergency medical services
KW  - Hospitals
KW  - Emergencies
KW  - U 2000:Biological Sciences
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42135236?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=16th+World+Congress+on+Disaster+and+Emergency+Medicine+%28WCDEM+2009%29&rft.atitle=How+to+Deal+with+Sudden+Public+Emergencies+in+Emergency+Department+of+General+Hospital&rft.au=Xia%2C+H&rft.aulast=Xia&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2009-05-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=16th+World+Congress+on+Disaster+and+Emergency+Medicine+%28WCDEM+2009%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://www.wcdem2009.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=29& Itemid=62
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-09-28
N1  - Last updated - 2010-05-03
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Cars and Climate: What Can EPA Do to Control Greenhouse Gases from Mobile Sources?
AN  - 58832944; 2008-372058
AB  - As Congress considers legislation to reduce the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions that contribute to climate change, attention has focused on "cap-and-trade" legislation. Such legislation would set a national cap on GHG emissions, with allowances (permits) to emit limited amounts of the gases distributed or auctioned to affected parties. Tables, Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, May 8 2009, 17 pp.
AU  - McCarthy, James E
Y1  - 2009/05/08/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 May 08
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Environment and environmental policy - Ecology and environmental policy
KW  - Environment and environmental policy - Weather, climate, and natural disasters
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - United States Environmental protection agency
KW  - Emissions trading
KW  - Global warming
KW  - Environmental policy
KW  - Legislation
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58832944?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=McCarthy%2C+James+E&rft.aulast=McCarthy&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2009-05-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Cars+and+Climate%3A+What+Can+EPA+Do+to+Control+Greenhouse+Gases+from+Mobile+Sources%3F&rft.title=Cars+and+Climate%3A+What+Can+EPA+Do+to+Control+Greenhouse+Gases+from+Mobile+Sources%3F&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40506_20090508.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-31
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code R40506
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Senate Consideration of Presidential Nominations: Committee and Floor Procedure
AN  - 58819890; 2008-372059
AB  - Article II, Section 2 of the Constitution provides that the President shall appoint officers of the US "by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate." This report, which will be updated as warranted, describes the process by which the Senate provides advice and consent on presidential nominations, including receipt and referral of nominations, committee practices, and floor procedure.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, May 8 2009, 13 pp.
AU  - Rybicki, Elizabeth
Y1  - 2009/05/08/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 May 08
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Politics - Elections and voting
KW  - Administration of justice - Legal profession and occupations
KW  - United States Supreme court
KW  - Nominations
KW  - United States Senate
KW  - Judges
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58819890?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Rybicki%2C+Elizabeth&rft.aulast=Rybicki&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft.date=2009-05-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Senate+Consideration+of+Presidential+Nominations%3A+Committee+and+Floor+Procedure&rft.title=Senate+Consideration+of+Presidential+Nominations%3A+Committee+and+Floor+Procedure&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL31980_20090508.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-31
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RL31980
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Goldacre paper: Recognition events and host-pathogen co-evolution in gene-for-gene resistance to flax rust
AN  - 858421651; 13811867
AB  - The outcome of infection of individual plants by pathogenic organisms is governed by complex interactions between the host and pathogen. These interactions are the result of long-term co-evolutionary processes involving selection and counterselection between plants and their pathogens. These processes are ongoing, and occur at many spatio-temporal scales, including genes and gene products, cellular interactions within host individuals, and the dynamics of host and pathogen populations. However, there are few systems in which host-pathogen interactions have been studied across these broad scales. In this review, we focus on research to elucidate the structure and function of plant resistance and pathogen virulence genes in the flax-flax rust interaction, and also highlight complementary co-evolutionary studies of a related wild plant-pathogen interaction. The confluence of these approaches is beginning to shed new light on host-pathogen molecular co-evolution in natural environments.
JF  - Functional Plant Biology
AU  - Dodds, Peter
AU  - Thrall, Peter
AD  - CSIRO Plant Industry, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.C C; /affiref>This paper originates from the Peter Goldacre Award 2006 of the Australian Society of Plant Scientists, received by the author, peter.dodds@csiro.au
Y1  - 2009/05/06/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 May 06
SP  - 395
EP  - 408
PB  - CSIRO Publishing, PO Box 1139 Collingwood Vic. 3066 Australia
VL  - 36
IS  - 5
SN  - 1445-4408, 1445-4408
KW  - Genetics Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Host plants
KW  - Pathogens
KW  - ENA 13:Population Planning & Control
KW  - G 07800:Plants and Algae
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/858421651?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Functional+Plant+Biology&rft.atitle=Goldacre+paper%3A+Recognition+events+and+host-pathogen+co-evolution+in+gene-for-gene+resistance+to+flax+rust&rft.au=Dodds%2C+Peter%3BThrall%2C+Peter&rft.aulast=Dodds&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2009-05-06&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=395&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Functional+Plant+Biology&rft.issn=14454408&rft_id=info:doi/10.1071%2FFP08320
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2011-03-01
N1  - Number of references - 1
N1  - Last updated - 2014-02-11
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pathogens
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/FP08320
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) Implementation: The Future of Commercial Trucking across the Mexican Border
AN  - 58843489; 2008-407149
AB  - A NAFTA schedule for implementing its trucking provisions would have opened the border states to cross-border competition in 1995 and all of North America in 2000, but implementation has been stalled because of concern with the safety of Mexican trucks. The Obama Administration intends to propose a revamped program; and issues for Congress include evaluating the proposal and the safety record of Mexican trucks, whether the role of Mexican customs brokers and drayage operators in cross-border trade is a barrier against US trucking firms, and the leasing of Mexican trucks and drivers by US firms for use in the US. Tables, Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, May 6 2009, 28 pp.
AU  - Frittelli, John
Y1  - 2009/05/06/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 May 06
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Trade and trade policy - Commercial treaties and agreements
KW  - Transportation and transportation policy - Roads and land transport
KW  - Manufacturing and heavy industry - Automotive industry
KW  - Trade and trade policy - Export-import trade
KW  - Government - Nation state
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic conditions
KW  - United States
KW  - Commercial vehicles
KW  - Mexico
KW  - Motor trucks
KW  - Border areas
KW  - Competition
KW  - Export-import trade
KW  - North American free trade agreement
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58843489?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Frittelli%2C+John&rft.aulast=Frittelli&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2009-05-06&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=North+American+Free+Trade+Agreement+%28NAFTA%29+Implementation%3A+The+Future+of+Commercial+Trucking+across+the+Mexican+Border&rft.title=North+American+Free+Trade+Agreement+%28NAFTA%29+Implementation%3A+The+Future+of+Commercial+Trucking+across+the+Mexican+Border&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL31739_20090506.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL31738
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The National Nanotechnology Initiative: Overview, Reauthorization, and Appropriations Issues
AN  - 58834497; 2008-372061
AB  - Nanotechnology's complexity and intricacies, early stage of development (with commercial payoff possibly years away for many potential applications), and broad scope of potential applications engender a wide range of public policy issues. Maintaining US technological and commercial leadership in nanotechnology poses a variety of technical and policy challenges, including development of technologies that will enable commercial scale manufacturing of nanotechnology materials and products; environmental, health, and safety (EHS) concerns; and maintenance of public confidence in its safety. Tables, Figures, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, May 6 2009, 42 pp.
AU  - Sargent, John F, Jr
Y1  - 2009/05/06/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 May 06
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Science and technology policy - Technology and technology policy
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Health and health policy
KW  - Manufacturing and heavy industry - Manufacturing and manufactured goods
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Public safety and security
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Technology policy
KW  - Appropriations and expenditures
KW  - Safety measures
KW  - Environmental health
KW  - Manufacturing
KW  - Nanotechnology
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58834497?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Sargent%2C+John+F%2C+Jr&rft.aulast=Sargent&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2009-05-06&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+National+Nanotechnology+Initiative%3A+Overview%2C+Reauthorization%2C+and+Appropriations+Issues&rft.title=The+National+Nanotechnology+Initiative%3A+Overview%2C+Reauthorization%2C+and+Appropriations+Issues&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL34401_20090506.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-31
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RL34401
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Escalating Violence in Mexico and the Southwest Border as a Result of the Illicit Drug Trade
AN  - 1679099921; MD01702
AB  - Examines violence along U.S. border with Mexico resulting from drug trafficking.
AU  - United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Crime, Terrorism, and Homeland Security
AD  - United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Crime, Terrorism, and Homeland Security
PY  - 2009
SP  - 130
KW  - Congressional hearings
KW  - Drug traffickers
KW  - Illicit arms trafficking
KW  - Laundering of funds
KW  - Operation Armas Cruzadas
KW  - Operation Firewall
KW  - Operation Xcellerator
KW  - Southwest Border Initiative
KW  - Violence
KW  - Smith, Lamar S.
KW  - Jackson Lee, Sheila
KW  - Hoover, William J.
KW  - Placido, Anthony P.
KW  - Nieto, Salvador
KW  - Ayala, Janice
KW  - Scott, Robert C.
KW  - Nash, Stuart G.
KW  - Gohmert, Louis B., Jr. ("Louie")
KW  - Smith, Lamar S.
KW  - Jackson Lee, Sheila
KW  - Hoover, William J.
KW  - Placido, Anthony P.
KW  - Nieto, Salvador
KW  - Ayala, Janice
KW  - Scott, Robert C.
KW  - Nash, Stuart G.
KW  - Gohmert, Louis B., Jr. ("Louie")
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1679099921?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Adnsa_md&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Escalating+Violence+in+Mexico+and+the+Southwest+Border+as+a+Result+of+the+Illicit+Drug+Trade&rft.au=United+States.+Congress.+House.+Committee+on+the+Judiciary.+Subcommittee+on+Crime%2C+Terrorism%2C+and+Homeland+Security&rft.aulast=United+States.+Congress.+House.+Committee+on+the+Judiciary.+Subcommittee+on+Crime&rft.aufirst=Terrorism&rft.date=2009-05-06&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://www.gpo.gov/.
LA  - English
DB  - Digital National Security Archive
N1  - Name - Sinaloa Cartel (Mexico); United States. Department of Homeland Security. Customs and Border Protection; United States. Department of Homeland Security. Immigration and Customs Enforcement; United States. Department of Homeland Security. Immigration and Customs Enforcement. Border Enforcement Security Task Force; United States. Department of Justice. Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives; United States. Department of Justice. Criminal Division. Organized Crime Drug Enforcement Task Forces; United States. Department of Justice. Drug Enforcement Administration
N1  - Analyte descriptor - NSA document type: Hearing; Location of original: Available [Online]: Government Printing Office
N1  - People - Ayala, Janice; Gohmert, Louis B., Jr. ("Louie"); Hoover, William J.; Jackson Lee, Sheila; Nash, Stuart G.; Nieto, Salvador; Placido, Anthony P.; Scott, Robert C.; Smith, Lamar S.
N1  - Last updated - 2015-06-16
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Secretary Gates' Proposed Department of Defense Budget, the Upcoming Quadrennial Defense Review, and the Role of Congress
AN  - 742956112; 2010-503723
AB  - On April 6, Secretary of Defense Robert Gates offered the most fundamental restructuring of the Department of Defense in at least two decades, taking the unprecedented step in post-Cold War history of terminating a collection of major acquisition programs. He also restructured or paused the development of several more programs, including the Army's flagship modernization effort, the Future Combat System. Secretary Gates stated that the Bush Administration National Defense Strategy was his guiding document, although he made it clear that he will use the 2010 Quadrennial Defense Review (QDR) to examine the rationale for a number of major weapons programs. Tables.
JF  - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee, May 5 2009, 6 pp.
AU  - United States Senate Republican Policy Committee
Y1  - 2009/05/05/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 May 05
PB  - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee
KW  - Military and defense policy - National defense
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Public finance
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Gates, Robert Michael
KW  - Purchasing, Military and naval
KW  - Appropriations and expenditures
KW  - Budget, Government
KW  - United States Army
KW  - United States Defense department
KW  - National defense
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/742956112?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=United+States+Senate+Republican+Policy+Committee&rft.aulast=United+States+Senate+Republican+Policy+Committee&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2009-05-05&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Secretary+Gates%27+Proposed+Department+of+Defense+Budget%2C+the+Upcoming+Quadrennial+Defense+Review%2C+and+the+Role+of+Congress&rft.title=Secretary+Gates%27+Proposed+Department+of+Defense+Budget%2C+the+Upcoming+Quadrennial+Defense+Review%2C+and+the+Role+of+Congress&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://rpc.senate.gov/public/_files/050509CongressRoleDefenseBudgetgkms.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-05-10
N1  - Publication note - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee, 2009
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The Reality Is Far to the Left of Their Rhetoric
AN  - 742950729; 2010-503724
AB  - Over the course of his campaign and his first 100 days in office, President Obama has dazzled the media with talk of fiscal restraint, cutting taxes, embracing free enterprise, extending college affordability, and controlling costs in health care. But according to white papers from the Department of Health and Human Services, the reality of his proposals is far to the left of his rhetoric. Tables, Figures.
JF  - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee, May 5 2009, 7 pp.
AU  - United States Senate Republican Policy Committee
Y1  - 2009/05/05/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 May 05
PB  - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Public finance
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Health and health policy
KW  - Politics - Political ideologies and movements
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - Obama, Barack
KW  - Free enterprise
KW  - Right and Left
KW  - Health policy
KW  - Fiscal policy
KW  - United States Senate
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/742950729?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=United+States+Senate+Republican+Policy+Committee&rft.aulast=United+States+Senate+Republican+Policy+Committee&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2009-05-05&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+Reality+Is+Far+to+the+Left+of+Their+Rhetoric&rft.title=The+Reality+Is+Far+to+the+Left+of+Their+Rhetoric&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://rpc.senate.gov/public/_files/050509RealityFartotheLeftofRhetoricjl.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-05-10
N1  - Publication note - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee, 2009
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - North Korean Human Rights: Recommendations for the Obama Administration and the U.S. Congress
AN  - 58829113; 2008-339465
AB  - As North Korea marches on with its missile tests, proliferation, and nuclear program, the US is muted on human rights. Morally, that is indefensible, especially as US policy has failed to modify North Korea's aggressive behavior -- In time, policymakers will see whether "smart power" means more of the same dead-end negotiations and blank checks or a realization that human rights and security are linked.
JF  - Heritage Foundation, May 5 2009, 4 pp.
AU  - Royce, Ed
Y1  - 2009/05/05/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 May 05
PB  - Heritage Foundation
KW  - Human rights - Human rights promotion and violations
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military equipment and weapons
KW  - International relations - International relations
KW  - International relations - Diplomacy
KW  - Administration of justice - Legal procedure
KW  - International relations - International peace and security
KW  - Obama, Barack
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Human rights
KW  - Atomic weapons
KW  - North Korea
KW  - Regional security
KW  - Foreign relations
KW  - Negotiation
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58829113?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Royce%2C+Ed&rft.aulast=Royce&rft.aufirst=Ed&rft.date=2009-05-05&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=North+Korean+Human+Rights%3A+Recommendations+for+the+Obama+Administration+and+the+U.S.+Congress&rft.title=North+Korean+Human+Rights%3A+Recommendations+for+the+Obama+Administration+and+the+U.S.+Congress&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://www.heritage.org/Research/AsiaandthePacific/upload/hl_1121.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-03
N1  - Publication note - Heritage Foundation, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - Heritage Lecture no. 1121
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Banking and Financial Infrastructure Continuity: Pandemic Flu, Terrorism, and Other Challenges
AN  - 58826353; 2008-379150
AB  - The Treasury Department and other agencies have long had the responsibility to ensure that the financial sectors of the economy are able to continue operations after physical and economic disruptions. This report outlines the financial sector's recovery plans for two kinds of disasters. Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, May 4 2009, 13 pp.
AU  - Weiss, N Eric
Y1  - 2009/05/04/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 May 04
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - International relations - International relief and humanitarian assistance
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Banking operations and services
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Public safety and security
KW  - International relations - War
KW  - Infrastructure
KW  - Disaster relief
KW  - Terrorism
KW  - Emergency preparedness
KW  - Security measures
KW  - Banking
KW  - United States Treasury department
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58826353?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Weiss%2C+N+Eric&rft.aulast=Weiss&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2009-05-04&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Banking+and+Financial+Infrastructure+Continuity%3A+Pandemic+Flu%2C+Terrorism%2C+and+Other+Challenges&rft.title=Banking+and+Financial+Infrastructure+Continuity%3A+Pandemic+Flu%2C+Terrorism%2C+and+Other+Challenges&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL31873_20090504.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-31
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RL31873
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The Global Financial Crisis: Lessons from Japan's Lost Decade of the 1990's
AN  - 58825537; 2008-423475
AB  - Many have turned to Japan's experience of prolonged recessionary economic conditions triggered by the bursting of a bubble in its equity and real estate markets and an ensuing banking crisis to either support or oppose various policies for addressing the current global financial crisis and to improve general understanding of the underlying forces of financial crises. Overcoming the crisis in Japan's banks took a combination of capital injections, new laws and regulations, stronger oversight, a reorganization of the banking sector, moderate economic recovery, and several years of banks working off their non-performing loans. Tables, Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, May 4 2009, 14 pp.
AU  - Nanto, Dick K
Y1  - 2009/05/04/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 May 04
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Banking operations and services
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - International banking and finance and financial institutions
KW  - Business and service sector - Markets, marketing, and merchandising
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic conditions
KW  - International finance
KW  - Economic development
KW  - Economic conditions
KW  - Markets
KW  - Banking
KW  - Economic stabilization
KW  - Japan
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58825537?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Nanto%2C+Dick+K&rft.aulast=Nanto&rft.aufirst=Dick&rft.date=2009-05-04&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+Global+Financial+Crisis%3A+Lessons+from+Japan%27s+Lost+Decade+of+the+1990%27s&rft.title=The+Global+Financial+Crisis%3A+Lessons+from+Japan%27s+Lost+Decade+of+the+1990%27s&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RS22960_20090504.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-05
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RS22960
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Project BioShield: Purposes and Authorities
AN  - 58822177; 2008-379149
AB  - Many potential chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) terrorism agents lack available countermeasures. In 2003, President Bush proposed Project BioShield to address this need, the 108th Congress passed the Project BioShield Act in 2004, and President Bush signed it into law on July 21, 2004 (P.L. 108-276); and this report discusses its provisions, purposes, and authorities.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, May 4 2009, 7 pp.
AU  - Gottron, Frank
Y1  - 2009/05/04/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 May 04
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Military and defense policy - National defense
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - International relations - International peace and security
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military equipment and weapons
KW  - Chemical weapons
KW  - United States
KW  - Biological weapons
KW  - Counterterrorism
KW  - Atomic weapons
KW  - Legislation
KW  - National defense
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58822177?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Gottron%2C+Frank&rft.aulast=Gottron&rft.aufirst=Frank&rft.date=2009-05-04&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Project+BioShield%3A+Purposes+and+Authorities&rft.title=Project+BioShield%3A+Purposes+and+Authorities&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RS21507_20090504.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-31
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RS21507
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Consensus auditory-perceptual evaluation of voice: development of a standardized clinical protocol.
AN  - 85386105; pmid-18930908
AB  - This article presents the development of the Consensus Auditory-Perceptual Evaluation of Voice (CAPE-V) following a consensus conference on perceptual voice quality measurement sponsored by the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association's Special Interest Division 3, Voice and Voice Disorders. The CAPE-V protocol and recording form were designed to promote a standardized approach to evaluating and documenting auditory-perceptual judgments of vocal quality.A summary of the consensus conference proceedings and the factors considered by the authors in developing this instrument are included.The CAPE-V form and instructions, included as appendices to this article, enable clinicians to document perceived voice quality deviations following a standard (i.e., consistent and specified) protocol.
JF  - American journal of speech-language pathology / American Speech-Language-Hearing Association
AU  - Kempster, Gail B
AU  - Gerratt, Bruce R
AU  - Verdolini Abbott, Katherine
AU  - Barkmeier-Kraemer, Julie
AU  - Hillman, Robert E
AD  - Department of Communication Disorders and Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, 1653 W. Congress Parkway, 203 Senn, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. gail_b_kempster@rush.edu
Y1  - 2009/05//
PY  - 2009
DA  - May 2009
SP  - 124
EP  - 132
VL  - 18
IS  - 2
SN  - 1058-0360, 1058-0360
KW  - Index Medicus
KW  - National Library of Medicine
KW  - American Speech-Language-Hearing Association
KW  - Auditory Perception
KW  - Clinical Protocols
KW  - Humans
KW  - Psychoacoustics
KW  - Speech Production Measurement
KW  - United States
KW  - *Voice Disorders: diagnosis
KW  - Voice Quality
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85386105?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+speech-language+pathology+%2F+American+Speech-Language-Hearing+Association&rft.atitle=Consensus+auditory-perceptual+evaluation+of+voice%3A+development+of+a+standardized+clinical+protocol.&rft.au=Kempster%2C+Gail+B%3BGerratt%2C+Bruce+R%3BVerdolini+Abbott%2C+Katherine%3BBarkmeier-Kraemer%2C+Julie%3BHillman%2C+Robert+E&rft.aulast=Kempster&rft.aufirst=Gail&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=124&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+speech-language+pathology+%2F+American+Speech-Language-Hearing+Association&rft.issn=10580360&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English (eng)
DB  - ComDisDome
N1  - Date revised - 2011-12-15
N1  - Last updated - 2012-07-13
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Ticagrelor, a platelet aggregation inhibitor for the potential prevention and treatment of arterial thrombosis and acute coronary syndromes.
AN  - 67216949; 19431096
AB  - Ticagrelor is an orally active ADP P2Y12 receptor antagonist in development by AstraZeneca plc for the reduction of recurrent ischemic events in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Prior to the development of ticagrelor, thienopyridine compounds, such as clopidogrel, were the focus of research into therapies for ACS. Although the thienopyridines are effective platelet aggregation inhibitors, they are prodrugs and, consequently, exert a slow onset of action. In addition, the variability in inter-individual metabolism of thienopyridine prodrugs has been associated with reduced efficacy in some patients. Ticagrelor is not a prodrug and exhibits a more rapid onset of action than the thienopyridine prodrugs. In clinical trials conducted to date, ticagrelor was a potent inhibitor of ADP-induced platelet aggregation and demonstrated effects that were comparable to clopidogrel. In a phase II, short-term trial, the bleeding profile of participants treated with ticagrelor was similar to that obtained with clopidogrel; however, an increased incidence of dyspnea was observed - an effect that has not been reported with the thienopyridines. Considering the occurrence of dyspnea, and the apparent non-superiority of ticagrelor to clopidogrel, it is difficult to justify a clear benefit to the continued development of ticagrelor. Outcomes from an ongoing phase III trial comparing ticagrelor with clopidogrel in 18,000 patients with ACS are likely to impact on the future development of ticagrelor.
JF  - IDrugs : the investigational drugs journal
AU  - Doggrell, Sheila A
AD  - Queensland University of Technology, School of Life Sciences, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, QLD4001, Australia. sheila.doggrell@qut.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/05//
PY  - 2009
DA  - May 2009
SP  - 309
EP  - 317
VL  - 12
IS  - 5
KW  - Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors
KW  - 0
KW  - Ticagrelor
KW  - GLH0314RVC
KW  - Adenosine
KW  - K72T3FS567
KW  - Index Medicus
KW  - Molecular Structure
KW  - Administration, Oral
KW  - Animals
KW  - Humans
KW  - Treatment Outcome
KW  - Clinical Trials as Topic
KW  - Drug Evaluation, Preclinical
KW  - Structure-Activity Relationship
KW  - Adenosine -- pharmacokinetics
KW  - Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors -- adverse effects
KW  - Acute Coronary Syndrome -- prevention & control
KW  - Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors -- therapeutic use
KW  - Acute Coronary Syndrome -- blood
KW  - Adenosine -- analogs & derivatives
KW  - Adenosine -- therapeutic use
KW  - Adenosine -- adverse effects
KW  - Thrombosis -- prevention & control
KW  - Adenosine -- pharmacology
KW  - Thrombosis -- blood
KW  - Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors -- pharmacokinetics
KW  - Thrombosis -- drug therapy
KW  - Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors -- pharmacology
KW  - Acute Coronary Syndrome -- drug therapy
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IDrugs+%3A+the+investigational+drugs+journal&rft.atitle=Ticagrelor%2C+a+platelet+aggregation+inhibitor+for+the+potential+prevention+and+treatment+of+arterial+thrombosis+and+acute+coronary+syndromes.&rft.au=Doggrell%2C+Sheila+A&rft.aulast=Doggrell&rft.aufirst=Sheila&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=309&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=IDrugs+%3A+the+investigational+drugs+journal&rft.issn=2040-3410&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date completed - 2009-07-31
N1  - Date created - 2009-05-11
N1  - Date revised - 2017-01-13
N1  - Last updated - 2017-01-18
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Connecting Linked Data, OPACs, and Online Exhibits
AN  - 57742314; 200906900
AB  - Discusses the basic concepts behind Linked Data (www.linked data.org) and why it might be important to everyone in the immediate future. At their core, the basic tenets of Linked Data are familiar and unsurprising: put useful data on the web, give it reliable URLs, link to it, and include links to other useful data URLs in it. In a lot of ways, this is not that different from what libraries have been doing in online public access catalogs (OPACs) for a long time. Even long before catalogs were on the web, they presented useful data in online systems. The catalogs made it easier than before to find stuff more reliably. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - Computers in Libraries
AU  - Chudnov, Daniel
AD  - Office of Strategic Initiatives at the Library of Congress daniel.chudnov@gmail.com
Y1  - 2009/05//
PY  - 2009
DA  - May 2009
SP  - 25
EP  - 27
PB  - Information Today Inc
VL  - 29
IS  - 5
SN  - 1041-7915, 1041-7915
KW  - Online catalogues
KW  - Linked systems
KW  - Online information retrieval
KW  - article
KW  - 13.14: INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL - SEARCHING
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57742314?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Alisa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computers+in+Libraries&rft.atitle=Connecting+Linked+Data%2C+OPACs%2C+and+Online+Exhibits&rft.au=Chudnov%2C+Daniel&rft.aulast=Chudnov&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computers+in+Libraries&rft.issn=10417915&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Library & Information Science Abstracts (LISA)
N1  - Date revised - 2009-07-06
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-27
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Linked systems; Online information retrieval; Online catalogues
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Preserving Digital Public Television: Is There Life After Broadcasting?
AN  - 57727218; 200908981
AB  - Television production has shifted rapidly from an analog process to one where virtually all programs are created and finalized as digital files. Such productions in public television are at great risk of being lost, because practices for long-term preservation of digital video are just now emerging, and because there is no mandate for preservation within the U.S. public broadcasting system. The National Digital Information and Infrastructure Preservation Program (NDIIPP) of the Library of Congress funded Preserving Digital Public Television, a partnership between WNET-TV in New York, WGBH-TV in Boston, the Public Broadcasting Service, and New York University, to build a model preservation repository for digital video files and to examine broader issues related to operating such a repository. In addition to designing the repository itself, the project became a lead advocate for adopting technical and metadata standards across the television field and is pioneering preservation-compliant digital production workflows. The project also successfully advanced the position that the U.S. public television system recognizes the necessity of preservation to keep digital productions alive. This led to national funding being allocated for the first time to create a pilot initiative with a long-term goal of properly managing the collective archival holdings of public broadcasting in the U.S. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - International Preservation News
AU  - Rubin, Nan
AD  - Preserving Digital Public Television, NDIIPP of the Library of Congress, USA
Y1  - 2009/05//
PY  - 2009
DA  - May 2009
SP  - 26
EP  - 31
PB  - Biblioteque Nationale de France, Paris, France
IS  - 47
SN  - 0890-4960, 0890-4960
KW  - Preservation
KW  - Digital television
KW  - article
KW  - 13.21: INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL - MULTIMEDIA
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57727218?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Alisa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Preservation+News&rft.atitle=Preserving+Digital+Public+Television%3A+Is+There+Life+After+Broadcasting%3F&rft.au=Rubin%2C+Nan&rft.aulast=Rubin&rft.aufirst=Nan&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=47&rft.spage=26&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Preservation+News&rft.issn=08904960&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Library & Information Science Abstracts (LISA)
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-31
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-27
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Preservation; Digital television
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Resist Lender Pressure
AN  - 215360346
AB  - Unlike lenders, who have a vested interest in whether a transaction closes, appraisers are disinterested parties who have no concern about whether a deal falls through or is delayed. Real estate practitioners may sometimes be caught in conflicts over value between lenders and appraisers, and they and their clients may suffer. Real estate salespeople should rely on market valuations made by ethical, well-trained appraisers with local market experience who will resist any lender pressure and provide realistic, market-oriented values. Here, Sabella explains why it is essential for all real estate practitioners to recognize that lender pressure exists.
JF  - Realtor Magazine
AU  - Sabella, Joe, CRS, e-PRO
Y1  - 2009/05//
PY  - 2009
DA  - May 2009
SP  - 37
CY  - Chicago
PB  - National Association of Realtors
VL  - 42
IS  - 5
SN  - 15220842
KW  - Real Estate
KW  - Lenders
KW  - Salespeople
KW  - Appraisers
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/215360346?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aabitrade&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Realtor+Magazine&rft.atitle=Resist+Lender+Pressure&rft.au=Sabella%2C+Joe%2C+CRS%2C+e-PRO&rft.aulast=Sabella&rft.aufirst=Joe&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=37&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Realtor+Magazine&rft.issn=15220842&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Central
N1  - Copyright - Copyright National Association of Realtors May 2009
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-26
N1  - CODEN - RESTDR
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Cholera Caused by Vibrio cholerae O1 Induces T-Cell Responses in the Circulation
AN  - 21497983; 12511156
AB  - Considerable effort is being made to understand the acute and memory antibody responses in natural cholera infection, while rather less is known about the roles of cellular immune responses involving T and B lymphocytes. We studied responses in adult patients hospitalized with cholera caused by Vibrio cholerae O1. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients (n = 15) were analyzed by flow cytometry after stimulation with V. cholerae O1 membrane protein (MP) or toxin-coregulated pilus antigen (TcpA). The gamma interferon (IFN-) and interleukin-13 (IL-13) responses in stimulated-lymphocyte supernatants were studied. The responses were compared with those of healthy controls (n = 10). Patients responded with increased frequencies of gut-homing CD4+ T cells (CD4+ ?7+), gut-homing CD8+ T cells (CD8+ ?7+), and gut-homing B cells (CD19+ ?7+) at the early and/or late convalescent stages compared to the acute stage. After stimulation with MP or TcpA, proliferation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells was increased at the acute stage and/or early convalescent stage compared to healthy controls. Increased IL-13 and IFN- responses were observed after antigenic stimulation at the acute and convalescent stages compared to healthy controls. Thus, increases in the levels of gut-homing T and B cells, as well as involvement of CD8 and CD4 Th1-mediated (IFN-) and CD4 Th2-mediated (IL-13) cytokine responses, take place in acute dehydrating disease caused by V. cholerae O1. Further studies are needed to determine if such responses are also stimulated after immunization with oral cholera vaccines and if these responses play a role in protection following exposure to cholera.
JF  - Infection and Immunity
AU  - Bhuiyan, Taufiqur Rahman
AU  - Lundin, Samuel B
AU  - Khan, Ashraful Islam
AU  - Lundgren, Anna
AU  - Harris, Jason B
AU  - Calderwood, Stephen B
AU  - Qadri, Firdausi
AD  - International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, G.P.O. Box 128, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh, fqadri@icddrb.org
Y1  - 2009/05//
PY  - 2009
DA  - May 2009
SP  - 1888
EP  - 1893
PB  - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA
VL  - 77
IS  - 5
SN  - 0019-9567, 0019-9567
KW  - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Immunology Abstracts
KW  - Immunological memory
KW  - Disease control
KW  - Membrane proteins
KW  - Lymphocytes
KW  - Infection
KW  - Flow cytometry
KW  - Interleukin 13
KW  - CD4 antigen
KW  - Peripheral blood mononuclear cells
KW  - Antigens
KW  - Lymphocytes T
KW  - Cholera
KW  - g-Interferon
KW  - Pathogenic bacteria
KW  - Lymphocytes B
KW  - Bacterial diseases
KW  - Memory cells
KW  - CD8 antigen
KW  - Immunity
KW  - Immunization
KW  - Vibrio cholerae
KW  - Interferon
KW  - Antibodies
KW  - Immune response
KW  - Vaccines
KW  - Cell proliferation
KW  - Q1 08484:Species interactions: parasites and diseases
KW  - J 02350:Immunology
KW  - F 06910:Microorganisms & Parasites
KW  - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=Cholera+Caused+by+Vibrio+cholerae+O1+Induces+T-Cell+Responses+in+the+Circulation&rft.au=Bhuiyan%2C+Taufiqur+Rahman%3BLundin%2C+Samuel+B%3BKhan%2C+Ashraful+Islam%3BLundgren%2C+Anna%3BHarris%2C+Jason+B%3BCalderwood%2C+Stephen+B%3BQadri%2C+Firdausi&rft.aulast=Bhuiyan&rft.aufirst=Taufiqur&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1888&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FIAI.01101-08
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-04-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-04-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Flow cytometry; Antibodies; Antigens; Pathogenic bacteria; Bacterial diseases; Disease control; Immunity; Vaccines; Lymphocytes; g-Interferon; Lymphocytes B; Immunological memory; Memory cells; Membrane proteins; CD8 antigen; Infection; Immunization; Interferon; Peripheral blood mononuclear cells; CD4 antigen; Interleukin 13; Lymphocytes T; Cholera; Immune response; Cell proliferation; Vibrio cholerae
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/IAI.01101-08
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Children with the Le(a+b-) Blood Group Have Increased Susceptibility to Diarrhea Caused by Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Expressing Colonization Factor I Group Fimbriae
AN  - 21495744; 12511208
AB  - Recent studies have shown that children with blood group A have increased susceptibility to enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) diarrhea and that Lewis blood group QUOTATION_MARKaQUOTATION_MARK antigen (Lea) may be a candidate receptor for ETEC colonization factor (CF) antigen I (CFA/I) fimbriae. Based on these findings, we have attempted to determine if children with the Le(a+b-) phenotype may be more susceptible to diarrhea caused by ETEC, in particular ETEC expressing CFA/I and related fimbriae of the CFA/I group, than Le(a-b+) children. To test this hypothesis, we have determined the Lewis antigen expression in 179 Bangladeshi children from a prospective birth cohort study in urban Dhaka in which ETEC expressing major CFs such as CFA/I, CS3, CS5, and CS6 was the most commonly isolated diarrhea pathogen during the first 2 years of life. The Lewis blood group phenotypes were determined by a dot blot immunoassay using saliva samples and by a tube agglutination test using fresh red blood cells. The results indicate that Le(a+b-) children more often had symptomatic than asymptomatic ETEC infections (P < 0.001), whereas symptomatic and asymptomatic ETEC infections were equally frequent in Le(a-b+) children. We also show that children with the Le(a+b-) blood type had significantly higher incidences of diarrhea caused by ETEC expressing fimbriae of the CFA/I group than Le(a-b+) children (P < 0.001). In contrast, we did not find any association between the Lewis blood group phenotype and diarrhea caused by ETEC expressing CS6 or rotavirus.
JF  - Infection and Immunity
AU  - Ahmed, Tanvir
AU  - Lundgren, Anna
AU  - Arifuzzaman, Mohammad
AU  - Qadri, Firdausi
AU  - Teneberg, Susann
AU  - Svennerholm, Ann-Mari
AD  - International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh, GPO Box 128, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh, dr_tanvir@icddrb.org
Y1  - 2009/05//
PY  - 2009
DA  - May 2009
SP  - 2059
EP  - 2064
PB  - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA
VL  - 77
IS  - 5
SN  - 0019-9567, 0019-9567
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Immunology Abstracts
KW  - Agglutination
KW  - Blood group A
KW  - Blood groups
KW  - Children
KW  - Colonization factor
KW  - Diarrhea
KW  - Erythrocytes
KW  - Immunoassays
KW  - Infection
KW  - Lewis antigen
KW  - Pathogens
KW  - Pili
KW  - Saliva
KW  - Rotavirus
KW  - Escherichia coli
KW  - J 02400:Human Diseases
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=Children+with+the+Le%28a%2Bb-%29+Blood+Group+Have+Increased+Susceptibility+to+Diarrhea+Caused+by+Enterotoxigenic+Escherichia+coli+Expressing+Colonization+Factor+I+Group+Fimbriae&rft.au=Ahmed%2C+Tanvir%3BLundgren%2C+Anna%3BArifuzzaman%2C+Mohammad%3BQadri%2C+Firdausi%3BTeneberg%2C+Susann%3BSvennerholm%2C+Ann-Mari&rft.aulast=Ahmed&rft.aufirst=Tanvir&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2059&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FIAI.01571-08
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-04-01
N1  - Last updated - 2013-05-06
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Lewis antigen; Diarrhea; Blood groups; Erythrocytes; Pathogens; Children; Infection; Agglutination; Pili; Blood group A; Saliva; Immunoassays; Colonization factor; Rotavirus; Escherichia coli
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/IAI.01571-08
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Characterization of the Chronic Risk and Hazard of Hazardous Air Pollutants in the United States Using Ambient Monitoring Data
AN  - 21412864; 12115929
AB  - BACKGROUND: Ambient measurements of hazardous air pollutants (air toxics) have been used to validate model-predicted concentrations of air toxics but have not been used to perform risk screening at the national level. OBJECTIVES: We used ambient concentrations of routinely measured air toxics to determine the relative importance of individual air toxics for chronic cancer and noncancer exposures. METHODS: We compiled 3-year averages for ambient measurement of air toxics collected at monitoring locations in the United States from 2003 through 2005. We then used national distributions of risk-weighted concentrations to identify the air toxics of most concern. RESULTS: Concentrations of benzene, carbon tetrachloride, arsenic, 1,3-butadiene, and acetaldehyde were above the 10(-6) cancer risk level at most sites nationally with a high degree of confidence. Concentrations of tetrachloroethylene, ethylene oxide, acrylonitrile, and 1,4-dichlorobenzene were also often greater than the 10(-6) cancer risk level, but we have less confidence in the estimated risk associated with these pollutants. Formaldehyde and chromium VI concentrations were either above or below the 10(-6) cancer risk level, depending on the choice of agency-recommended 10(-6) level. The method detection limits of eight additional pollutants were too high to rule out that concentrations were above the 10(-6) cancer risk level. Concentrations of 52 compounds compared with chronic noncancer benchmarks indicated that only acrolein concentrations were greater than the noncancer reference concentration at most monitoring sites. CONCLUSIONS: Most pollutants with national site-level averages greater than health benchmarks were also pollutants of concern identified in modeled national-scale risk assessments. Current monitoring networks need more sensitive ambient measurement techniques to better characterize the air toxics problem in the United States.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - McCarthy, Michael C
AU  - O'Brien, Theresa E
AU  - Charrier, Jessica G
AU  - Hafner, Hilary R
Y1  - 2009/05//
PY  - 2009
DA  - May 2009
SP  - 790
EP  - 796
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Arsenic
KW  - Pollution detection
KW  - Formaldehyde
KW  - acrylonitrile
KW  - Cancer
KW  - Benzene
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Hazards
KW  - USA
KW  - dichlorobenzene
KW  - benchmarks
KW  - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION
KW  - ENA 01:Air Pollution
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21412864?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+the+Chronic+Risk+and+Hazard+of+Hazardous+Air+Pollutants+in+the+United+States+Using+Ambient+Monitoring+Data&rft.au=McCarthy%2C+Michael+C%3BO%27Brien%2C+Theresa+E%3BCharrier%2C+Jessica+G%3BHafner%2C+Hilary+R&rft.aulast=McCarthy&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=790&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hazards; Risk assessment; Air pollution; Arsenic; dichlorobenzene; Pollution detection; benchmarks; Formaldehyde; acrylonitrile; Benzene; Cancer; USA
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Ambient Fine Particulate Matter Exposure and Myocardial Ischemia in the Environmental Epidemiology of Arrhythmogenesis in the Women's Health Initiative (EEAWHI) Study
AN  - 21408231; 12115934
AB  - BACKGROUND: Ambient particulate matter (PM) air pollution is associated with coronary heart disease, but the pathways underlying the association remain to be elucidated. METHODS: We studied the association between PM and ischemia among 57,908 Women's Health Initiative clinical trial participants from 1999-2003. We used the Minnesota Code criteria to identify ST-segment and T-wave abnormalities, and estimated T amplitude (microvolt) from resting, standard 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG). We used U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's monitor data to estimate concentrations of PM 2.5 microm (PM(2.5)) at geocoded participant addresses over 6 days before the ECGs (lag0 through lag5). We excluded 2,379 women with ECG QRS duration or = 120 msec. RESULTS: Overall, 6% of the remaining 55,529 women (52-90 years of age; 83% non-Hispanic white) had ST abnormalities and 16% had T abnormalities. Lead-specific T amplitude was normally distributed (range of means from -14 to 349 microV). PM(2.5) (mean +/- SD) averaged over lag(0-2) was 14 +/- 7 microg/m(3). In logistic and linear regression models adjusted for demographic, clinical, temporal, and climatic factors, a 10-microg/m(3) increase in lag(0-2) PM(2.5) was associated with a 4% [95% confidence interval (CI), -3%, to 10%] increase in the odds of ST abnormality and a 5% (95% CI, 0% to 9%) increase in the odds of T abnormality. We observed corresponding decreases in T amplitude in all exam sites and leads except lead V1, reaching a minimum of -2 microV (95% CI, -5 to 0 microV) in lead V3. CONCLUSIONS: Short-term PM(2.5) exposure is associated with ECG evidence of myocardial ischemia among postmenopausal women. The principal manifestations include subclinical but potentially arrhythmogenic ST-T abnormalities and decreases in T amplitude.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Zhang, Zhu-ming
AU  - Whitsel, Eric A
AU  - Quibrera, P Miguel
AU  - Smith, Richard L
AU  - Liao, Duanping
AU  - Anderson, Garnet L
AU  - Prineas, Ronald J
Y1  - 2009/05//
PY  - 2009
DA  - May 2009
SP  - 751
EP  - 756
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - demography
KW  - Age
KW  - post-menopause
KW  - Climate
KW  - Pollution effects
KW  - Particulates
KW  - clinical trials
KW  - USA, Minnesota
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - EPA
KW  - Epidemiology
KW  - Females
KW  - Cardiovascular diseases
KW  - Environmental incentives
KW  - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION
KW  - ENA 01:Air Pollution
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Ambient+Fine+Particulate+Matter+Exposure+and+Myocardial+Ischemia+in+the+Environmental+Epidemiology+of+Arrhythmogenesis+in+the+Women%27s+Health+Initiative+%28EEAWHI%29+Study&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Zhu-ming%3BWhitsel%2C+Eric+A%3BQuibrera%2C+P+Miguel%3BSmith%2C+Richard+L%3BLiao%2C+Duanping%3BAnderson%2C+Garnet+L%3BPrineas%2C+Ronald+J&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Zhu-ming&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=751&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - demography; Age; post-menopause; Climate; Pollution effects; Particulates; clinical trials; Air pollution; EPA; Epidemiology; Cardiovascular diseases; Females; Environmental incentives; USA, Minnesota
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Predictors of Endotoxin Levels in U.S. Housing
AN  - 21408191; 12115932
AB  - BACKGROUND: The relationship of domestic endotoxin exposure to allergy and asthma has been widely investigated. However, few studies have evaluated predictors of household endotoxin, and none have done so for multiple locations within homes and on a national scale. OBJECTIVES: We assayed 2,552 house dust samples in a nationwide study to understand the predictors of household endotoxin in bedroom floors, family room floors, beds, kitchen floors, and family room sofas. METHODS: Reservoir house dust from five locations within homes was assayed for endotoxin and demographic and housing information was assessed through questionnaire and onsite evaluation of 2,456 residents of 831 homes selected to represent national demographics. We performed repeated-measures analysis of variance (rANOVA) for 37 candidate variables to identify independent predictors of endotoxin. Meteorologic data were obtained for each primary sampling unit and tested as predictors of indoor endotoxin to determine if wetter or warmer microclimates were associated with higher endotoxin levels. RESULTS: Weighted geometric mean endotoxin concentration ranged from 18.7 to 80.5 endotoxin units (EU)/mg for the five sampling locations, and endotoxin load ranged from 4,160 to 19,500 EU/m(2). Bivariate analyses and rANOVA demonstrated that major predictors of endotoxin concentration were sampling location in the home, census division, educational attainment, presence of children, current dog ownership, resident-described problems with cockroaches, food debris, cockroach stains, and evidence of smoking observed by field staff. Low household income entered the model if educational attainment was removed. CONCLUSION: Increased endotoxin in household reservoir dust is principally associated with poverty, people, pets, household cleanliness, and geography.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Thorne, Peter S
AU  - Cohn, Richard D
AU  - Mav, Deepak
AU  - Arbes, Samuel J
AU  - Zeldin, Darryl C
Y1  - 2009/05//
PY  - 2009
DA  - May 2009
SP  - 763
EP  - 771
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Endotoxins
KW  - demography
KW  - USA
KW  - households
KW  - House dust
KW  - Housing
KW  - poverty
KW  - Asthma
KW  - Children
KW  - Reservoirs
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Predictors+of+Endotoxin+Levels+in+U.S.+Housing&rft.au=Thorne%2C+Peter+S%3BCohn%2C+Richard+D%3BMav%2C+Deepak%3BArbes%2C+Samuel+J%3BZeldin%2C+Darryl+C&rft.aulast=Thorne&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=763&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - demography; Endotoxins; households; House dust; Housing; poverty; Asthma; Children; Reservoirs; USA
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Alkylphenol Xenoestrogens with Varying Carbon Chain Lengths Differentially and Potently Activate Signaling and Functional Responses in GHsub 3/Bsub 6/Fsub 10 Somatomammotropes
AN  - 21407869; 12115938
AB  - BACKGROUND: Alkylphenols varying in their side-chain lengths [ethyl-, propyl-, octyl-, and nonylphenol (EP, PP, OP, and NP, respectively)] and bisphenol A (BPA) represent a large group of structurally related xenoestrogens that have endocrine-disruptive effects. Their rapid nongenomic effects that depend on structure for cell signaling and resulting functions are unknown. OBJECTIVES: We compared nongenomic estrogenic activities of alkylphenols with BPA and 17beta-estradiol (E(2)) in membrane estrogen receptor-alpha-enriched GH3/B6/F10 pituitary tumor cells. These actions included calcium (Ca) signaling, prolactin (PRL) release, extracellular-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation, and cell proliferation. METHODS: We imaged Ca using fura-2, measured PRL release via radioimmunoassay, detected ERK phosphorylation by fixed cell immunoassay, and estimated cell number using the crystal violet assay. RESULTS: All compounds caused increases in Ca oscillation frequency and intracellular Ca volume at 100 fM to 1 nM concentrations, although long-chain alkylphenols were most effective. All estrogens caused rapid PRL release at concentrations as low as 1 fM to 10 pM; the potency of EP, PP, and NP exceeded that of E(2). All compounds at 1 nM produced similar increases in ERK phosphorylation, causing rapid peaks at 2.5-5 min, followed by inactivation and additional 60-min peaks (except for BPA). Dose-response patterns of ERK activation at 5 min were similar for E2, BPA, and PP, whereas EP caused larger effects. Only E2 and NP increased cell number. Some rapid estrogenic responses showed correlations with the hydrophobicity of estrogenic molecules; the more hydrophobic OP and NP were superior at Ca and cell proliferation responses, whereas the less hydrophobic EP and PP were better at ERK activations. CONCLUSIONS: Alkylphenols are potent estrogens in evoking these nongenomic responses contributing to complex functions; their hydrophobicity can largely predict these behaviors.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Kochukov, Mikhail Y
AU  - Jeng, Yow-Jiun
AU  - Watson, Cheryl S
Y1  - 2009/05//
PY  - 2009
DA  - May 2009
SP  - 723
EP  - 730
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - inactivation
KW  - bisphenol A
KW  - Calcium
KW  - Membranes
KW  - Dose-response effects
KW  - tumors
KW  - hydrophobicity
KW  - Immunoassays
KW  - estrogens
KW  - ENA 07:General
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Alkylphenol+Xenoestrogens+with+Varying+Carbon+Chain+Lengths+Differentially+and+Potently+Activate+Signaling+and+Functional+Responses+in+GHsub+3%2FBsub+6%2FFsub+10+Somatomammotropes&rft.au=Kochukov%2C+Mikhail+Y%3BJeng%2C+Yow-Jiun%3BWatson%2C+Cheryl+S&rft.aulast=Kochukov&rft.aufirst=Mikhail&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=723&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - inactivation; bisphenol A; Membranes; Calcium; Dose-response effects; tumors; hydrophobicity; Immunoassays; estrogens
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Review of the Occurrence of Anti-infectives in Contaminated Wastewaters and Natural and Drinking Waters
AN  - 21400935; 12115944
AB  - OBJECTIVE: Anti-infectives are constantly discharged at trace levels in natural waters near urban centers and agricultural areas. They represent a cause for concern because of their potential contribution to the spread of anti-infective resistance in bacteria and other effects on aquatic biota. We compiled data on the occurrence of anti-infectives published in the last 24 years in environmental water matrices. The collected information was then compared with the available ecotoxicologic values to evaluate potential environmental concerns. DATA SOURCES: We used Web of Science and Google Scholar to search for articles published in peer-reviewed journals written in the English language since 1984. DATA EXTRACTION: Information on compound concentrations in wastewaters and natural and drinking waters, the source of contamination, country of provenance of the samples, year of publication, limits of quantification, and method of analysis was extracted. DATA SYNTHESIS: From the 126 different substances analyzed in environmental waters, 68 different parent compounds and 10 degradation products or metabolites have been quantified to date. Environmental concentrations vary from about 10(-1) to 10(9) ng/L, depending on the compound, the matrix, and the source of contamination. CONCLUSIONS: Detrimental effects of anti-infectives on aquatic microbiota are possible with the constant exposure of sensitive species. Indirect impact on human health cannot be ruled out when considering the potential contribution of high anti-infective concentrations to the spreading of anti-infective resistance in bacteria.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Segura, Pedro A
AU  - Francois, Matthieu
AU  - Gagnon, Christian
AU  - Sauve, Sebastien
Y1  - 2009/05//
PY  - 2009
DA  - May 2009
SP  - 675
EP  - 684
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Biota
KW  - Degradation
KW  - Reviews
KW  - Metabolites
KW  - Drinking water
KW  - environmental perception
KW  - Urban areas
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Review+of+the+Occurrence+of+Anti-infectives+in+Contaminated+Wastewaters+and+Natural+and+Drinking+Waters&rft.au=Segura%2C+Pedro+A%3BFrancois%2C+Matthieu%3BGagnon%2C+Christian%3BSauve%2C+Sebastien&rft.aulast=Segura&rft.aufirst=Pedro&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=675&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biota; Degradation; Reviews; Metabolites; environmental perception; Drinking water; Urban areas
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Oxidatively Damaged DNA in Rats Exposed by Oral Gavage to Csub 60 Fullerenes and Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes
AN  - 21397926; 12115941
AB  - BACKGROUND: C60 fullerenes and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) are projected to be used in medicine and consumer products with potential human exposure. The hazardous effects of these particles are expected to involve oxidative stress with generation of oxidatively damaged DNA that might be the initiating event in the development of cancer. OBJECTIVE: In this study we investigated the effect of a single oral administration of C60 fullerenes and SWCNT. METHODS: We measured the level of oxidative damage to DNA as the premutagenic 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) in the colon mucosa, liver, and lung of rats after intragastric administration of pristine C60 fullerenes or SWCNT (0.064 or 0.64 mg/kg body weight) suspended in saline solution or corn oil. We investigated the regulation of DNA repair systems toward 8-oxodG in liver and lung tissue. RESULTS: Both doses of SWCNT increased the levels of 8-oxodG in liver and lung. Administration of C60 fullerenes increased the hepatic level of 8-oxodG, whereas only the high dose generated 8-oxodG in the lung. We detected no effects on 8-oxodG in colon mucosa. Suspension of particles in saline solution or corn oil yielded a similar extent of genotoxicity, whereas corn oil per se generated more genotoxicity than the particles. Although there was increased mRNA expression of 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase in the liver of C60 fullerene-treated rats, we found no significant increase in repair activity. CONCLUSIONS: Oral exposure to low doses of C60 fullerenes and SWCNT is associated with elevated levels of 8-oxodG in the liver and lung, which is likely to be caused by a direct genotoxic ability rather than an inhibition of the DNA repair system.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Folkmann, Janne K
AU  - Risom, Lotte
AU  - Jacobsen, Nicklas R
AU  - Wallin, Haakan
AU  - Loft, Steffen
AU  - Moeller, Peter
Y1  - 2009/05//
PY  - 2009
DA  - May 2009
SP  - 703
EP  - 708
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Rats
KW  - Oil
KW  - Lung
KW  - Genotoxicity
KW  - DNA
KW  - Liver
KW  - Particulates
KW  - corn
KW  - nanotechnology
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Oil; Rats; Lung; Genotoxicity; Liver; DNA; Particulates; corn; nanotechnology
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The University of Michigan Dioxin Exposure Study: Population Survey Results and Serum Concentrations for Polychlorinated Dioxins, Furans, and Biphenyls
AN  - 21395958; 12115926
AB  - BACKGROUND: The University of Michigan Dioxin Exposure Study was undertaken to address concerns that the discharge of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzo furans (PCDFs) from the Dow Chemical Company in the Midland, Michigan, area had resulted in contamination of soils in the Tittabawassee River floodplain and the city of Midland, leading to an increase in residents' body burdens of these compounds. OBJECTIVE: In this article we present descriptive statistics from the resident survey and sampling of human serum, household dust, and soil and compare them with other published values. METHODS: From a multistage random sample of populations in four areas of Midland and Saginaw counties and from a distant referent population, we interviewed 946 adults, who also donated blood for analysis of PCDDs, PCDFs, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Samples of household dust and house perimeter soil were collected from consenting subjects who owned their property. RESULTS: All five study populations were comparable in age, race, sex, and length of residence in their current home. Regional differences existed in employment history, personal contact with contaminated soils, and consumption of fish and game from contaminated areas. Median soil concentrations were significantly increased around homes in the Tittabawassee River floodplain (11.4 ppt) and within the city of Midland (58.2 ppt) compared with the referent population (3.6 ppt). Median serum toxic equivalencies were significantly increased in people who lived in the floodplain (23.2 ppt) compared with the referent population (18.5 ppt). CONCLUSIONS: Differences in serum dioxin concentrations among the populations were small but statistically significant. Regression modeling is needed to identify whether the serum concentrations of PCDDs, PCDFs, and PCBs are associated with contaminated soils, household dust, and other factors.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Hedgeman, Elizabeth
AU  - Chen, Qixuan
AU  - Hong, Biling
AU  - Chang, Chiung-Wen
AU  - Olson, Kristen
AU  - LaDronka, Kathleen
AU  - Ward, Barbara
AU  - Adriaens, Peter
AU  - Demond, Avery
AU  - Gillespie, Brenda W
AU  - Lepkowski, James
AU  - Franzblau, Alfred
AU  - Garabrant, David H
Y1  - 2009/05//
PY  - 2009
DA  - May 2009
SP  - 811
EP  - 817
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Body burden
KW  - River discharge
KW  - Soil contamination
KW  - Freshwater
KW  - flood plains
KW  - Toxicity tests
KW  - Dioxins
KW  - Chlorinated hydrocarbons
KW  - Dust
KW  - Soil
KW  - households
KW  - Flood plains
KW  - Serum
KW  - PCDF
KW  - PCB compounds
KW  - Pollution indicators
KW  - PCDD
KW  - PCB
KW  - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-29
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Body burden; Flood plains; Serum; River discharge; Pollution indicators; Toxicity tests; Dust; PCB; Chlorinated hydrocarbons; Soil; households; PCDF; Soil contamination; flood plains; PCB compounds; PCDD; Dioxins; Freshwater
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Statistical Modeling Suggests that Antiandrogens in Effluents from Wastewater Treatment Works Contribute to Widespread Sexual Disruption in Fish Living in English Rivers
AN  - 21381907; 12115928
AB  - BACKGROUND: The widespread occurrence of feminized male fish downstream of some wastewater treatment works has led to substantial interest from ecologists and public health professionals. This concern stems from the view that the effects observed have a parallel in humans, and that both phenomena are caused by exposure to mixtures of contaminants that interfere with reproductive development. The evidence for a "wildlife-human connection" is, however, weak: Testicular dysgenesis syndrome, seen in human males, is most easily reproduced in rodent models by exposure to mixtures of antiandrogenic chemicals. In contrast, the accepted explanation for feminization of wild male fish is that it results mainly from exposure to steroidal estrogens originating primarily from human excretion. OBJECTIVES: We sought to further explore the hypothesis that endocrine disruption in fish is multicausal, resulting from exposure to mixtures of chemicals with both estrogenic and antiandrogenic properties. METHODS: We used hierarchical generalized linear and generalized additive statistical modeling to explore the associations between modeled concentrations and activities of estrogenic and antiandrogenic chemicals in 30 U.K. rivers and feminized responses seen in wild fish living in these rivers. RESULTS: In addition to the estrogenic substances, antiandrogenic activity was prevalent in almost all treated sewage effluents tested. Further, the results of the modeling demonstrated that feminizing effects in wild fish could be best modeled as a function of their predicted exposure to both antiandrogens and estrogens or to antiandrogens alone. CONCLUSION: The results provide a strong argument for a multicausal etiology of widespread feminization of wild fish in U.K. rivers involving contributions from both steroidal estrogens and xenoestrogens and from other (as yet unknown) contaminants with antiandrogenic properties. These results may add further credence to the hypothesis that endocrine-disrupting effects seen in wild fish and in humans are caused by similar combinations of endocrine-disrupting chemical cocktails.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Jobling, Susan
AU  - Burn, Robert W
AU  - Thorpe, Karen
AU  - Williams, Richard
AU  - Tyler, Charles
Y1  - 2009/05//
PY  - 2009
DA  - May 2009
SP  - 797
EP  - 802
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Aqualine Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts
KW  - Chemicals
KW  - Water Pollution Effects
KW  - Fish
KW  - SW 3030:Effects of pollution
KW  - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-02-21
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fish; Water Pollution Effects
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Global Screening of Human Cord Blood Proteomes for Biomarkers of Toxic Exposure and Effect
AN  - 21381843; 12115923
AB  - BACKGROUND: Exposures of pregnant women to natural and manmade chemicals can lead to negative health effects in the baby, ranging from low birth weight to developmental defects. In some cases, diseases were postulated to have their basis in toxic exposure in utero or in early childhood. Therefore, an understanding of fetal responses to environmental exposures is essential. To that end, cord blood is a readily accessible biofluid whose proteomic makeup remains mostly unexplored when compared with that of adults. OBJECTIVES: Our goal was an initial global assessment of the fetal serum proteome and for the identification of protein biomarkers indicative of toxic in utero exposures related to maternal cigarette smoking. METHODS: Drawing from a repository of 300 samples, we selected umbilical cord blood sera from 12 babies born to six smokers and six nonsmokers and analyzed both sample pools by tandem mass spectrometry in conjunction with isobaric tags (iTRAQ) for protein quantification. RESULTS: We identified 203 proteins, 17 of which were differentially expressed between the cigarette smoke-exposed and control populations. Most of the identified candidate biomarkers were biologically plausible, thereby underscoring the feasibility of screening neonates with global proteomic techniques for biomarkers of exposure and early biological effects triggered by in utero chemical exposures. CONCLUSIONS: This validation study provides an initial view of the proteome of human cord blood sera; it demonstrates the feasibility of identifying therein by use of proteomics, biomarkers of environmental, toxic exposures.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Colquhoun, David R
AU  - Goldman, Lynn R
AU  - Cole, Robert N
AU  - Gucek, Marjan
AU  - Mansharamani, Malini
AU  - Witter, Frank R
AU  - Apelberg, Benjamin J
AU  - Halden, Rolf U
Y1  - 2009/05//
PY  - 2009
DA  - May 2009
SP  - 832
EP  - 838
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Bioindicators
KW  - Chemicals
KW  - Feasibility studies
KW  - Prenatal experience
KW  - Cigarettes
KW  - low-birth-weight
KW  - Proteins
KW  - Mass spectrometry
KW  - Neonates
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Feasibility studies; Chemicals; Bioindicators; Prenatal experience; Cigarettes; low-birth-weight; Mass spectrometry; Proteins; Neonates
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Association of Environmental Cadmium Exposure with Periodontal Disease in U.S. Adults
AN  - 21380929; 12115936
AB  - BACKGROUND: Periodontal disease is a complex, multifactorial, chronic inflammatory disease that involves degradation of periodontal structures, including alveolar bone. Cadmium adversely affects bone remodeling, and it is therefore possible that environmental Cd exposure may be a risk factor for periodontal-disease-related bone loss. OBJECTIVE: We examined the relationship between environmental Cd exposure and periodontal disease in U.S. adults. METHODS: We analyzed cross-sectional data from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III). We defined periodontal disease as clinical attachment loss of at least 4 mm in 10% of sites examined. We used multivariable-adjusted logistic regression analyses to estimate the association between creatinine-corrected urinary Cd levels and periodontal disease. RESULTS: Of the 11,412 participants included in this study, 15.4% had periodontal disease. The age-adjusted geometric mean urine Cd concentration (micrograms per gram creatinine) was significantly higher among participants with periodontal disease [0.50; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.45-0.56] than among those without periodontal disease (0.30; 95% CI, 0.28-0.31). Multivariable-adjusted analyses, which included extensive adjustments for tobacco exposure, showed that a 3-fold increase in creatinine-corrected urinary Cd concentrations [corresponding to an increment from the 25th (0.18 microg/g) to the 75th (0.63 microg/g) percentile] was associated with 54% greater odds of prevalent periodontal disease (odds ratio = 1.54; 95% CI, 1.26-1.87). We observed similar results among the subset of participants who had limited exposure to tobacco, but only after removing six influential observations. CONCLUSION: Environmental Cd exposure was associated with higher odds of periodontal disease.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Arora, Manish
AU  - Weuve, Jennifer
AU  - Schwartz, Joel
AU  - Wright, Robert O
Y1  - 2009/05//
PY  - 2009
DA  - May 2009
SP  - 739
EP  - 744
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Bone
KW  - USA
KW  - Degradation
KW  - Urine
KW  - periodontal diseases
KW  - Tobacco
KW  - Nutrition
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bone; Degradation; Urine; periodontal diseases; Tobacco; Nutrition; USA
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Bisphenol A Data in NHANES Suggest Longer than Expected Half-Life, Substantial Nonfood Exposure, or Both
AN  - 21380869; 12115930
AB  - BACKGROUND: It is commonly stated in the literature on human exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) that food is the predominant BPA exposure source, and that BPA is rapidly and completely cleared from the body. If this is correct, BPA levels in fasting individuals should decrease with increased fasting time. OBJECTIVES: We set out to investigate the relationship between urine BPA concentration and fasting time in a population-based sample. METHODS: We modeled log BPA urine concentration as a function of fasting time, adjusted for urine creatinine and other confounders, in 1,469 adult participants in the 2003-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. We estimated the BPA "population-based half-life" (pop(1/2)) for a fasting time of 0-24 hr, 4.5 hr, 4.5-8.5 hr, and 8.5 hr. RESULTS: The overall pop(1/2) for the 0- to 24-hr interval was 43 hr [95% confidence interval (CI), 26-119 hr]. Among those reporting fasting times of 4.5-8.5 hr (n = 441), BPA declined significantly with fasting time, with a pop(1/2) of 4.1 hr (95% CI, 2.6-10.6 hr). However, within the fasting time intervals of 0-4.5 hr (n = 129) and 8.5-24 hr (n = 899), we saw no appreciable decline. Fasting time did not significantly predict highest ( 12 ng/mL) or lowest (below limit of detection) BPA levels. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, BPA levels did not decline rapidly with fasting time in this sample. This suggests substantial nonfood exposure, accumulation in body tissues such as fat, or both. Explaining these findings may require experimental pharmacokinetic studies of chronic BPA exposure, further examination of BPA levels and effects in fat, and a search for important nonfood sources.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Stahlhut, Richard W
AU  - Welshons, Wade V
AU  - Swan, Shanna H
Y1  - 2009/05//
PY  - 2009
DA  - May 2009
SP  - 784
EP  - 789
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - bisphenol A
KW  - Urine
KW  - Nutrition
KW  - Pharmacokinetics
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bisphenol A; Urine; Nutrition; Pharmacokinetics
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Long-Term Traffic-Related Exposures and Asthma Onset in Schoolchildren in Oslo, Norway
AN  - 21380830; 12115922
AB  - BACKGROUND: Whether there is a causal relation between long-term exposure to traffic and asthma development is so far not clear. This may be explained by inaccurate exposure assessment. OBJECTIVE: We investigated the associations of long-term traffic-related exposures with asthma onset assessed retrospectively and respiratory symptoms in 9- to 10-year-old children. METHODS: We collected information on respiratory outcomes and potential confounding variables by parental questionnaire in 2,871 children in Oslo. Nitrogen dioxide exposure was assessed by the EPISODE dispersion model and assigned at updated individual addresses during lifetime. Distance to major road was assigned at birth address and address by date of questionnaire. Cox proportional hazard regression and logistic regression were used. RESULTS: We did not find positive associations between any long-term traffic-related exposure and onset of doctor-diagnosed asthma. An interquartile range (IQR) increase of NO(2) exposure before asthma onset was associated with an adjusted risk ratio of 0.82 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.67-1.02]. Handling early asthma cases (children 4 years of age) with recovery during follow-up as noncases gave a less negative association. The associations for late asthma onset (/= 4 years of age) were positive but not statistically significant. For current symptoms, an IQR increase of previous year's NO(2) exposure was associated with adjusted odds ratios of 1.01 (95% CI, 0.83-1.23) for wheeze, 1.10 (95% CI, 0.79-1.51) for severe wheeze, and 1.01 (95% CI, 0.84-1.21) for dry cough. CONCLUSIONS: We were not able to find positive associations of long-term traffic-related exposures with asthma onset or with current respiratory symptoms in 9- to 10-year-old children in Oslo.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Oftedal, Bente
AU  - Nystad, Wenche
AU  - Brunekreef, Bert
AU  - Nafstad, Per
Y1  - 2009/05//
PY  - 2009
DA  - May 2009
SP  - 839
EP  - 844
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Nitrogen dioxide
KW  - Age
KW  - traffic
KW  - Norway, Oslo
KW  - Asthma
KW  - Respiratory diseases
KW  - Children
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nitrogen dioxide; Age; traffic; Asthma; Respiratory diseases; Children; Norway, Oslo
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Children's Environmental Health Faculty Champions Initiative: A Successful Model for Integrating Environmental Health into Pediatric Health Care
AN  - 21380777; 12115920
AB  - BACKGROUND: Pediatric medical and nursing education lack the environmental health content needed to properly prepare health care professionals to prevent, recognize, manage, and treat environmental exposure-related diseases. The need for improvements in health care professionals' environmental health knowledge has been expressed by leading institutions. However, few studies have evaluated the effectiveness of programs that incorporate pediatric environmental health (PEH) into curricula and practice. OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the effectiveness of the National Environmental Education Foundation's (NEEF) Children's Environmental Health Faculty Champions Initiative, which is designed to build environmental health capacity among pediatric health care professionals. METHODS: Twenty-eight pediatric health care professionals participated in a train-the-trainer workshop, in which they were educated to train other health care professionals in PEH and integrate identified PEH competencies into medical and nursing practice and curricula. We evaluated the program using a workshop evaluation tool, action plan, pre- and posttests, baseline and progress assessments, and telephone interviews. RESULTS: During the 12 months following the workshop, the faculty champions' average pretest score of 52% was significantly elevated (p 0.0001) to 65.5% on the first posttest and to 71.5% on the second posttest, showing an increase and retention of environmental health knowledge. Faculty champions trained 1,559 health care professionals in PEH, exceeding the goal of 280 health care professionals trained. Ninety percent of faculty champions reported that PEH had been integrated into the curricula at their institution. CONCLUSION: The initiative was highly effective in achieving its goal of building environmental health capacity among health care professionals. The faculty champions model is a successful method and can be replicated in other arenas.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Rogers, Bonnie
AU  - McCurdy, Leyla
AU  - Slavin, Katie
AU  - Grubb, Kimberly
AU  - Roberts, James R
Y1  - 2009/05//
PY  - 2009
DA  - May 2009
SP  - 850
EP  - 855
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - environmental education
KW  - Health care
KW  - Environmental health
KW  - Children
KW  - Environmental incentives
KW  - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development
KW  - ENA 04:Environmental Education
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - environmental education; Health care; Environmental health; Children; Environmental incentives
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Hexavalent Chromium Is Carcinogenic to F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice after Chronic Oral Exposure
AN  - 21377331; 12115939
AB  - BACKGROUND: Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] is a human carcinogen after inhalation exposure. Humans also ingest Cr(VI) from contaminated drinking water and soil; however, limited data exist on the oral toxicity and carcinogenicity of Cr(VI). OBJECTIVE: We characterized the chronic oral toxicity and carcinogenicity of Cr(VI) in rodents. METHODS: The National Toxicology Program (NTP) conducted 2-year drinking water studies of Cr(VI) (as sodium dichromate dihydrate) in male and female F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice. RESULTS: Cr(VI) exposure resulted in increased incidences of rare neoplasms of the squamous epithelium that lines the oral cavity (oral mucosa and tongue) in male and female rats, and of the epithelium lining the small intestine in male and female mice. Cr(VI) exposure did not affect survival but resulted in reduced mean body weights and water consumption, due at least in part to poor palatability of the dosed water. Cr(VI) exposure resulted in transient microcytic hypochromic anemia in rats and microcytosis in mice. Nonneoplastic lesions included diffuse epithelial hyperplasia in the duodenum and jejunum of mice and histiocytic cell infiltration in the duodenum, liver, and mesenteric and pancreatic lymph nodes of rats and mice. CONCLUSIONS: Cr(VI) was carcinogenic after administration in drinking water to male and female rats and mice.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Stout, Matthew D
AU  - Herbert, Ronald A
AU  - Kissling, Grace E
AU  - Collins, Bradley J
AU  - Travlos, Gregory S
AU  - Witt, Kristine L
AU  - Melnick, Ronald L
AU  - Abdo, Kamal M
AU  - Malarkey, David E
AU  - Hooth, Michelle J
Y1  - 2009/05//
PY  - 2009
DA  - May 2009
SP  - 716
EP  - 722
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Rats
KW  - Sodium
KW  - Soil
KW  - Carcinogenicity
KW  - Infiltration
KW  - Mice
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - Carcinogens
KW  - Drinking water
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Sodium; Rats; Carcinogenicity; Infiltration; Mice; Carcinogens; Toxicity; Drinking water
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Increased Nonconducted P-Wave Arrhythmias after a Single Oil Fly Ash Inhalation Exposure in Hypertensive Rats
AN  - 21362407; 12115940
AB  - BACKGROUND: Exposure to combustion-derived fine particulate matter (PM) is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality especially in individuals with cardiovascular disease, including hypertension. PM inhalation causes several adverse changes in cardiac function that are reflected in the electrocardiogram (ECG), including altered cardiac rhythm, myocardial ischemia, and reduced heart rate variability (HRV). The sensitivity and reliability of ECG-derived parameters as indicators of the cardiovascular toxicity of PM in rats are unclear. OBJECTIVE: We hypothesized that spontaneously hypertensive (SH) rats are more susceptible to the development of PM-induced arrhythmia, altered ECG morphology, and reduced HRV than are Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats, a related strain with normal blood pressure. METHODS: We exposed rats once by nose-only inhalation for 4 hr to residual oil fly ash (ROFA), an emission source particle rich in transition metals, or to air and then sacrificed them 1 or 48 hr later. RESULTS: ROFA-exposed SH rats developed non-conducted P-wave arrhythmias but no changes in ECG morphology or HRV. We found no ECG effects in ROFA-exposed WKY rats. ROFA-exposed SH rats also had greater pulmonary injury, neutrophil infiltration, and serum C-reactive protein than did ROFA-exposed WKY rats. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that cardiac arrhythmias may be an early sensitive indicator of the propensity for PM inhalation to modify cardiovascular function.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Farraj, Aimen K
AU  - Haykal-Coates, Najwa
AU  - Winsett, Darrell W
AU  - Hazari, Mehdi S
AU  - Carll, Alex P
AU  - Rowan, William H
AU  - Ledbetter, Allen D
AU  - Cascio, Wayne E
AU  - Costa, Daniel L
Y1  - 2009/05//
PY  - 2009
DA  - May 2009
SP  - 709
EP  - 715
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Rats
KW  - Inhalation
KW  - Oil
KW  - Cardiovascular system
KW  - Morphology
KW  - Infiltration
KW  - Fly ash
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - Particulates
KW  - Japan, Honshu, Kyoto Prefect., Kyoto
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Oil; Inhalation; Rats; Cardiovascular system; Morphology; Infiltration; Fly ash; Particulates; Toxicity; Japan, Honshu, Kyoto Prefect., Kyoto
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Cohort Study of Traffic-Related Air Pollution and Mortality in Toronto, Ontario, Canada
AN  - 21357654; 12115931
AB  - BACKGROUND: Chronic exposure to traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) may contribute to premature mortality, but few studies to date have addressed this topic. OBJECTIVES: In this study we assessed the association between TRAP and mortality in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. METHODS: We collected nitrogen dioxide samples over two seasons using duplicate two-sided Ogawa passive diffusion samplers at 143 locations across Toronto. We calibrated land use regressions to predict NO2 exposure on a fine scale within Toronto. We used interpolations to predict levels of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter or = 2.5 microm (PM(2.5)) and ozone levels. We assigned predicted pollution exposures to 2,360 subjects from a respiratory clinic, and abstracted health data on these subjects from medical billings, lung function tests, and diagnoses by pulmonologists. We tracked mortality between 1992 and 2002. We used standard and multilevel Cox proportional hazard models to test associations between air pollution and mortality. RESULTS: After controlling for age, sex, lung function, obesity, smoking, and neighborhood deprivation, we observed a 17% increase in all-cause mortality and a 40% increase in circulatory mortality from an exposure contrast across the interquartile range of 4 ppb NO2. We observed no significant associations with other pollutants. CONCLUSIONS: Exposure to TRAP was significantly associated with increased all-cause and circulatory mortality in this cohort. A high prevalence of cardiopulmonary disease in the cohort probably limits inference of the findings to populations with a substantial proportion of susceptible individuals.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Jerrett, Michael
AU  - Finkelstein, Murray M
AU  - Brook, Jeffrey R
AU  - Arain, M Altaf
AU  - Kanaroglou, Palvos
AU  - Stieb, Dave M
AU  - Gilbert, Nicolas L
AU  - Verma, Dave
AU  - Finkelstein, Norm
AU  - Chapman, Kenneth R
AU  - Sears, Malcolm R
Y1  - 2009/05//
PY  - 2009
DA  - May 2009
SP  - 772
EP  - 777
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Canada, Ontario
KW  - Mortality
KW  - Age
KW  - obesity
KW  - Pollution effects
KW  - Particulates
KW  - Land use
KW  - Nitrogen dioxide
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Smoking
KW  - Aerodynamics
KW  - Diffusion
KW  - Respiratory function
KW  - Canada, Ontario, Toronto
KW  - Ozone
KW  - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION
KW  - ENA 01:Air Pollution
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mortality; Age; obesity; Pollution effects; Particulates; Land use; Air pollution; Nitrogen dioxide; Smoking; Aerodynamics; Diffusion; Respiratory function; Ozone; Canada, Ontario; Canada, Ontario, Toronto
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Competitive Inhibition of Thyroidal Uptake of Dietary Iodide by Perchlorate Does Not Describe Perturbations in Rat Serum Total Tsub 4 and TSH
AN  - 21353577; 12115937
AB  - BACKGROUND: Perchlorate (ClO4(-)) is an environmental contaminant known to disrupt the thyroid axis of many terrestrial and aquatic species. ClO4(-) competitively inhibits iodide uptake into the thyroid at the sodium/iodide symporter and disrupts hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis homeostasis in rodents. OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the proposed mode of action for ClO4(-)-induced rat HPT axis perturbations using a biologically based dose-response (BBDR) model of the HPT axis coupled with a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model of ClO4(-). METHODS: We configured a BBDR-HPT/ClO4(-) model to describe competitive inhibition of thyroidal uptake of dietary iodide by ClO4(-) and used it to simulate published adult rat drinking water studies. We compared model-predicted serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and total thyroxine (TT4) concentrations with experimental observations reported in these ClO4(-) drinking water studies. RESULTS: The BBDR-HPT/ClO4(-) model failed to predict the ClO4(-)-induced onset of disturbances in the HPT axis. Using ClO4(-) inhibition of dietary iodide uptake into the thyroid, the model underpredicted both the rapid decrease in serum TT4 concentrations and the rise in serum TSH concentrations. CONCLUSIONS: Assuming only competitive inhibition of thyroidal uptake of dietary iodide, BBDR-HPT/ClO4(-) model calculations were inconsistent with the rapid decrease in serum TT4 and the corresponding increase in serum TSH. Availability of bound iodide in the thyroid gland governed the rate of hormone secretion from the thyroid. ClO4(-) is translocated into the thyroid gland, where it may act directly or indirectly on thyroid hormone synthesis/secretion in the rat. The rate of decline in serum TT4 in these studies after 1 day of treatment with ClO4(-) appeared consistent with a reduction in thyroid hormone production/secretion. This research demonstrates the utility of a biologically based model to evaluate a proposed mode of action for ClO4(-) in a complex biological process.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - McLanahan, Eva D
AU  - Andersen, Melvin E
AU  - Campbell, Jerry L
AU  - Fisher, Jeffrey W
Y1  - 2009/05//
PY  - 2009
DA  - May 2009
SP  - 731
EP  - 738
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Diets
KW  - Sodium
KW  - iodides
KW  - Dose-response effects
KW  - Thyroid
KW  - Drinking water
KW  - Hormones
KW  - perchlorate
KW  - rodents
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sodium; Diets; iodides; Dose-response effects; Thyroid; Drinking water; Hormones; rodents; perchlorate
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Subclinical Hypothyroidism after Radioiodine Exposure: Ukrainian-American Cohort Study of Thyroid Cancer and Other Thyroid Diseases after the Chornobyl Accident (1998-2000)
AN  - 21353563; 12115935
AB  - BACKGROUND: Hypothyroidism is the most common thyroid abnormality in patients treated with high doses of iodine-131 (131I). Data on risk of hypothyroidism from low to moderate 131I thyroid doses are limited and inconsistent. OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to quantify the risk of hypothyroidism prevalence in relation to 131I doses received because of the Chornobyl accident. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional (1998-2000) screening study of thyroid diseases in a cohort of 11,853 individuals 18 years of age at the time of the accident, with individual thyroid radioactivity measurements taken within 2 months of the accident. We measured thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine, and antibodies to thyroid peroxidase (ATPO) in serum. RESULTS: Mean age at examination of the analysis cohort was 21.6 years (range, 12.2-32.5 years), with 49% females. Mean 131I thyroid dose was 0.79 Gy (range, 0-40.7 Gy). There were 719 cases with hypothyroidism (TSH 4 mIU/L), including 14 with overt hypothyroidism. We found a significant, small association between (131)I thyroid doses and prevalent hypothyroidism, with the excess odds ratio (EOR) per gray of 0.10 (95% confidence interval, 0.03-0.21). EOR per gray was higher in individuals with ATPO or = 60 U/mL compared with individuals with ATPO 60 U/mL (p 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to find a significant relationship between prevalence of hypothyroidism and individual (131)I thyroid doses due to environmental exposure. The radiation increase in hypothyroidism was small (10% per Gy) and limited largely to subclinical hypothyroidism. Prospective data are needed to evaluate the dynamics of radiation-related hypothyroidism and clarify the role of antithyroid antibodies.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Ostroumova, Evgenia
AU  - Brenner, Alina
AU  - Oliynyk, Valery
AU  - McConnell, Robert
AU  - Robbins, Jacob
AU  - Terekhova, Galina
AU  - Zablotska, Lydia
AU  - Likhtarev, Ilya
AU  - Bouville, Andre
AU  - Shpak, Viktor
AU  - Markov, Valentin
AU  - Masnyk, Ihor
AU  - Ron, Elaine
AU  - Tronko, Mykola
AU  - Hatch, Maureen
Y1  - 2009/05//
PY  - 2009
DA  - May 2009
SP  - 745
EP  - 750
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Accidents
KW  - Age
KW  - Thyroid
KW  - Radioactivity
KW  - Hormones
KW  - Cancer
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Age; Accidents; Thyroid; Radioactivity; Hormones; Cancer
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The University of Michigan Dioxin Exposure Study: Predictors of Human Serum Dioxin Concentrations in Midland and Saginaw, Michigan
AN  - 21353546; 12115925
AB  - BACKGROUND: We conducted a population-based human exposure study in response to concerns among the population of Midland and Saginaw counties, Michigan, that discharges by the Dow Chemical Company of dioxin-like compounds into the nearby river and air had led to an increase in residents' body burdens of polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), here collectively referred to as "dioxins." OBJECTIVES: We sought to identify factors that explained variation in serum dioxin concentrations among the residents of Midland and Saginaw counties. Exposures to dioxins in soil, river sediments, household dust, historic emissions, and contaminated fish and game were of primary interest. METHODS: We studied 946 people in four populations in the contaminated area and in a referent population, by interview and by collection of serum, household dust, and residential soil. Linear regression was used to identify factors associated with serum dioxins. RESULTS: Demographic factors explained a large proportion of variation in serum dioxin concentrations. Historic exposures before 1980, including living in the Midland/Saginaw area, hunting and fishing in the contaminated areas, and working at Dow, contributed to serum dioxin levels. Exposures since 1980 in Midland and Saginaw counties contributed little to serum dioxins. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides valuable insights into the relationships between serum dioxins and environmental factors, age, sex, body mass index, smoking, and breast-feeding. These factors together explain a substantial proportion of the variation in serum dioxin concentrations in the general population. Historic exposures to environmental contamination appeared to be of greater importance than recent exposures for dioxins.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Garabrant, David H
AU  - Franzblau, Alfred
AU  - Lepkowski, James
AU  - Gillespie, Brenda W
AU  - Adriaens, Peter
AU  - Demond, Avery
AU  - Hedgeman, Elizabeth
AU  - Knutson, Kristine
AU  - Zwica, Lynn
AU  - Olson, Kristen
AU  - Towey, Timothy
AU  - Chen, Qixuan
AU  - Hong, Biling
AU  - Chang, Chiung-Wen
AU  - Lee, Shih-Yuan
AU  - Ward, Barbara
AU  - LaDronka, Kathy
AU  - Luksemburg, William
AU  - Maier, Martha
Y1  - 2009/05//
PY  - 2009
DA  - May 2009
SP  - 818
EP  - 824
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Historical account
KW  - environmental factors
KW  - Sediment pollution
KW  - Body burden
KW  - Toxicity tests
KW  - Dioxins
KW  - Chlorinated hydrocarbons
KW  - Dust
KW  - Soil
KW  - Population genetics
KW  - households
KW  - Serum
KW  - body burden
KW  - fishing
KW  - PCB compounds
KW  - Pollution indicators
KW  - PCB
KW  - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms
KW  - ENA 01:Air Pollution
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-12-24
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sediment pollution; Population genetics; Body burden; Serum; Pollution indicators; Toxicity tests; Dust; PCB; Chlorinated hydrocarbons; Soil; environmental factors; Historical account; households; body burden; fishing; PCB compounds; Dioxins
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Neonatal Exposure to Bisphenol A Alters Reproductive Parameters and Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone Signaling in Female Rats
AN  - 21351355; 12115933
AB  - BACKGROUND: Bisphenol A (BPA) is a component of polycarbonate plastics, epoxy resins, and polystyrene and is found in many products. Several reports have revealed potent in vivo effects, because BPA acts as an estrogen agonist and/or antagonist and as an androgen and thyroid hormone antagonist. OBJECTIVES: We analyzed the effects of neonatal exposure to BPA on the reproductive axis of female Sprague-Dawley rats. METHODS: Female rats were injected subcutaneously, daily, from postnatal day 1 (PND1) to PND10 with BPA [500 microg/50 microL (high) or 50 microg/50 microL (low)] in castor oil or with castor oil vehicle alone. We studied body weight and age at vaginal opening, estrous cycles, and pituitary hormone release in vivo and in vitro, as well as gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) pulsatility at PND13 and in adults. We also analyzed two GnRH-activated signaling pathways in the adults: inositol-triphosphate (IP(3)), and extracellular signal-regulated kinase(1/2) (ERK(1/2)). RESULTS: Exposure to BPA altered pituitary function in infantile rats, lowering basal and GnRH-induced luteinizing hormone (LH) and increasing GnRH pulsatility. BPA dose-dependently accelerated puberty onset and altered estrous cyclicity, with the high dose causing permanent estrus. In adults treated neonatally with BPA, GnRH-induced LH secretion in vivo was decreased and GnRH pulsatility remained disrupted. In vitro, pituitary cells from animals treated with BPA showed lower basal LH and dose-dependently affected GnRH-induced IP(3) formation; the high dose also impaired GnRH-induced LH secretion. Both doses altered ERK(1/2) activation. CONCLUSIONS: Neonatal exposure to BPA altered reproductive parameters and hypothalamic-pituitary function in female rats. To our knowledge, these results demonstrate for the first time that neonatal in vivo BPA permanently affects GnRH pulsatility and pituitary GnRH signaling.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Fernandez, Marina
AU  - Bianchi, Maria
AU  - Lux-Lantos, Victoria
AU  - Libertun, Carlos
Y1  - 2009/05//
PY  - 2009
DA  - May 2009
SP  - 757
EP  - 762
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Rats
KW  - Oil
KW  - bisphenol A
KW  - Thyroid
KW  - Neonates
KW  - Females
KW  - Hormones
KW  - body weight
KW  - estrogens
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Oil; Rats; bisphenol A; Thyroid; Females; Neonates; body weight; Hormones; estrogens
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Spontaneous Cytokine Production in Children According to Biological Characteristics and Environmental Exposures
AN  - 21351340; 12115921
AB  - BACKGROUND: Environmental factors are likely to have profound effects on the development of host immune responses, with serious implications for infectious diseases and inflammatory disorders such as asthma. OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to investigate the effects of environmental exposures on the cytokine profile of children. METHODS: The study involved measurement of T helper (Th) 1 (interferon-gamma), 2 [interleukin (IL)-5 and IL-13], and the regulatory cytokine IL-10 in unstimulated peripheral blood leukocytes from 1,376 children 4-11 years of age living in a poor urban area of the tropics. We also assessed the impact of environmental exposures in addition to biological characteristics recorded at the time of blood collection and earlier in childhood (0-3 years before blood collection). RESULTS: The proportion of children producing IL-10 was greater among those without access to drinking water [p 0.05, chi-square test, odds ratio (OR) = 1.67]. The proportion of children producing IL-5 and IL-10 (OR = 10.76) was significantly greater in households that had never had a sewage system (p 0.05, trend test). CONCLUSIONS: These data provide evidence for the profound effects of environmental exposures in early life as well as immune homeostasis in later childhood. Decreased hygiene (lack of access to clean drinking water and sanitation) in the first 3 years of life is associated with higher spontaneous IL-10 production up to 8 years later in life.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Fiqueiredo, Camila Alexandrina
AU  - Alcantara-Neves, Neuza Maria
AU  - Veiga, Rafael
AU  - Amorim, Leila D
AU  - Dattoli, Vitor
AU  - Mendonca, Livia Ribeiro
AU  - Junqueira, Samuel
AU  - Genser, Bernd
AU  - Santos, Mariese
AU  - de Carvalho, Lain Carlos Pontes
AU  - Cooper, Philip J
AU  - Rodrigues, Laura
AU  - Barreto, Mauricio L
Y1  - 2009/05//
PY  - 2009
DA  - May 2009
SP  - 845
EP  - 849
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - environmental factors
KW  - households
KW  - Age
KW  - Sanitation
KW  - Tropical environments
KW  - Respiratory diseases
KW  - Children
KW  - Drinking water
KW  - Hygiene
KW  - ENA 05:Environmental Design & Urban Ecology
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - environmental factors; Age; households; Sanitation; Tropical environments; Respiratory diseases; Hygiene; Drinking water; Children
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Differential Regulation of Dopamine Transporter Function and Location by Low Concentrations of Environmental Estrogens and 17[beta]-Estradiol
AN  - 21351326; 12115503
AB  - BACKGROUND: The effects of 17beta-estradiol (E2) and xenoestrogens (XEs) on dopamine transport may have important implications for the increased incidence of neurologic disorders, especially in women during life stages characterized by frequent hormonal fluctuations. OBJECTIVE: We examined low concentrations of XEs [dieldrin, endosulfan, o', p'-dichlorodiphenyl-ethylene (DDE), nonylphenol (NP), and bisphenol A (BPA)] for nongenomic actions via action of membrane estrogen receptors (ERs). METHODS: We measured activity of the dopamine transporter (DAT) by the efflux of 3H-dopamine in nontransfected nerve growth factor-differentiated PC12 rat pheochromocytoma cells expressing membrane DAT, ER-alpha, ER-beta, and G-protein-coupled receptor 30. We used a plate immunoassay to monitor trafficking of these proteins. RESULTS: All compounds at 1 nM either caused efflux or inhibited efflux, or both; each compound evoked a distinct oscillatory pattern. At optimal times for each effect, we examined different concentrations of XEs. All XEs were active at some concentration 10 nM, and dose responses were all nonmonotonic. For example, 10(-14) to 10(-11) M DDE caused significant efflux inhibition, whereas NP and BPA enhanced or inhibited efflux at several concentrations. We also measured the effects of E2/XE combinations; DDE potentiated E(2)-mediated dopamine efflux, whereas BPA inhibited it. In E2-induced efflux, 15% more ER-alpha trafficked to the membrane, whereas ER-beta waned; during BPA-induced efflux, 20% more DAT was trafficked to the plasma membrane. CONCLUSIONS: Low levels of environmental estrogen contaminants acting as endocrine disruptors via membrane ERs can alter dopamine efflux temporal patterning and the trafficking of DAT and membrane ERs, providing a cellular mechanism that could explain the disruption of physiologic neurotransmitter function.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Alyea, Rebecca A
AU  - Watson, Cheryl S
Y1  - 2009/05//
PY  - 2009
DA  - May 2009
SP  - 778
EP  - 783
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - bisphenol A
KW  - Membranes
KW  - Insecticides
KW  - Nitrous oxide
KW  - endocrine disruptors
KW  - DDE
KW  - trafficking
KW  - Dieldrin
KW  - estrogens
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bisphenol A; Insecticides; Membranes; Nitrous oxide; endocrine disruptors; Dieldrin; trafficking; DDE; estrogens
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evidence of Autoimmune-Related Effects of Trichloroethylene Exposure from Studies in Mice and Humans
AN  - 21350281; 12115942
AB  - OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to examine experimental and epidemiologic studies pertaining to immune-related, and specifically autoimmune-related, effects of trichloroethylene (TCE). DATA SOURCES AND EXTRACTION: We performed a literature search of PubMed and reviewed bibliographies in identified articles. We then systematically reviewed immune-related data, focusing on clinical and immunologic features and mechanistic studies. DATA SYNTHESIS: Studies conducted in MRL+/+ lupus mice report an accelerated autoimmune response in relation to exposure to TCE or some metabolites. Effects have been reported after 4 weeks of exposure to TCE at doses as low as 0.1 mg/kg/day in drinking water and have included increased antinuclear antibodies and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and decreased secretion of interleukin-4 (IL-4), consistent with an inflammatory response. Autoimmune hepatitis, inflammatory skin lesions, and alopecia have been found after exposures of 32-48 weeks. Recent mechanistic experiments in mice examined oxidative stress and, specifically, effects on lipid-peroxidation-derived aldehydes in TCE-induced autoimmune disease. Two studies in humans reported an increase in IL-2 or IFN-gamma and a decrease in IL-4 in relation to occupational or environmental TCE exposure. Occupational exposure to TCE has also been associated with a severe, generalized hypersensitivity skin disorder accompanied by systemic effects, including hepatitis. In three case-control studies of scleroderma with a measure of occupational TCE exposure, the combined odds ratio was 2.5 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.1-5.4] in men and 1.2 (95% CI, 0.58-2.6) in women. CONCLUSION: The consistency among the studies and the concordance between the studies in mice and humans support an etiologic role of TCE in autoimmune disease. Multisite collaborations and studies of preclinical immune markers are needed to further develop this field of research.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Cooper, Glinda S
AU  - Makris, Susan L
AU  - Nietert, Paul J
AU  - Jinot, Jennifer
Y1  - 2009/05//
PY  - 2009
DA  - May 2009
SP  - 696
EP  - 702
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Hepatitis
KW  - Skin
KW  - Reviews
KW  - autoimmune diseases
KW  - Solvents
KW  - Mice
KW  - Trichloroethylene
KW  - Drinking water
KW  - Occupational exposure
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hepatitis; Skin; Reviews; Solvents; autoimmune diseases; Mice; Trichloroethylene; Drinking water; Occupational exposure
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Dispersal distance of rice (Oryza Sativa L.) pollen at the Tana River delta in the coast province, Kenya
AN  - 20707934; 10884906
AB  - Rice is a staple food in Kenya and its production needs to be increased. Genetically modified (GM) rice may be a solution, but before it can be introduced, potential ecological impacts, such as pollen mediated gene flow from GM rice to non-GM rice or to its wild indigenous relatives, need to be understood. Pollen dispersal in rice (Oryza sativa) was studied in the Tana River district in the coast province of Kenya. O. sativa seedlings were planted in a 50 m diameter circular experimental design. Pollen traps (glass slides coated by vaseline attached to a board) were used to measure pollen flow at 2 heights and at increasing distances from the source plot. Pollen dispersal decreased rapidly with increasing distance from the pollen source up to 250 m, no pollen was found at 300 m. There was a significant (P  0.05) in pollen count between upper and lower pollen traps. The highest daily pollen count was observed between 11:00 am and 12:00 noon, and at a narrow range of temperatures 28 plus or minus 2 degree C. On the basis of these data, an adequate isolation distance of more than 250 m should be considered to minimize chances of gene flow from transgenic rice to conventional or wild rices.
JF  - African Journal of Biotechnology
AU  - Kanya, J L
AU  - Kinyamario, JI
AU  - Amugune, N O
AU  - Hauser, T P
AD  - School of Biological Sciences, University of Nairobi, P. O. Box 30197-GPO, Nairobi, Kenya, jiykaya@uonbi.ac.ke
Y1  - 2009/05//
PY  - 2009
DA  - May 2009
SP  - 2265
EP  - 2270
VL  - 8
IS  - 10
SN  - 1684-5315, 1684-5315
KW  - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts
KW  - Temperature effects
KW  - Rivers
KW  - Data processing
KW  - Food
KW  - Oryza sativa
KW  - Humidity
KW  - Pollen
KW  - Gene flow
KW  - Traps
KW  - Seedlings
KW  - Sampling
KW  - Dispersal
KW  - Wind
KW  - Coasts
KW  - W 30935:Food Biotechnology
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-09-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Temperature effects; Data processing; Food; Humidity; Pollen; Gene flow; Traps; Seedlings; Dispersal; Sampling; Wind; Coasts; Oryza sativa
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Three-dimensional colocalization analysis of plasma-derived apolipoprotein B with amyloid plaques in APP/PS1 transgenic mice
AN  - 20600998; 9297567
AB  - Parenchymal accumulation of amyloid-beta (A beta ) is a hallmark pathological feature of Alzheimer's disease. An emerging hypothesis is that blood-to-brain delivery of A beta may increase with compromised blood-brain barrier integrity. In plasma, substantial A beta is associated with triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs) secreted by the liver and intestine. Utilizing apolipoprotein B as an exclusive marker of hepatic and intestinal TRLs, here we show utilizing an highly sensitive 3-dimensional immuno-microscopy imaging technique, that in APP/PS1 amyloid transgenic mice, concomitant with substantially increased plasma A beta , there is a significant colocalization of apolipoprotein B with cerebral amyloid plaque. The findings are consistent with the possibility that circulating lipoprotein-A beta contributes to cerebral amyloidosis.
JF  - Histochemistry and Cell Biology
AU  - Takechi, Ryusuke
AU  - Galloway, Susan
AU  - Pallebage-Gamarallage, Menuka
AU  - Wellington, Cheryl
AU  - Johnsen, Russell
AU  - Mamo, John Charles
AD  - Australian Technology Network, Centre for Metabolic Fitness, School of Public Health, Curtin Health Innovative Research Institute, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Building 400, Bentley Campus, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia, J.Mamo@Curtin.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/05//
PY  - 2009
DA  - May 2009
SP  - 661
EP  - 666
PB  - Springer-Verlag (Heidelberg), Tiergartenstrasse 17
VL  - 131
IS  - 5
SN  - 0948-6143, 0948-6143
KW  - Genetics Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts
KW  - Apolipoprotein B
KW  - Blood-brain barrier
KW  - Alzheimer's disease
KW  - Transgenic mice
KW  - imaging
KW  - Amyloid precursor protein
KW  - Neurodegenerative diseases
KW  - Amyloidosis
KW  - Presenilin 1
KW  - Lipoproteins
KW  - Intestine
KW  - Liver
KW  - Plaques
KW  - beta -Amyloid
KW  - Amyloid
KW  - W 30910:Imaging
KW  - N3 11007:Neurobiology
KW  - G 07730:Development & Cell Cycle
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-06-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Apolipoprotein B; Blood-brain barrier; Alzheimer's disease; Transgenic mice; imaging; Amyloid precursor protein; Neurodegenerative diseases; Amyloidosis; Presenilin 1; Lipoproteins; Liver; Intestine; Plaques; beta -Amyloid; Amyloid
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00418-009-0567-3
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Stable isotopic evidence for trophic groupings and bio-regionalization of predators and their prey in oceanic waters off eastern Australia
AN  - 20583664; 9297956
AB  - Muscle tissue was collected for stable isotope analysis (SIA) from the main fish predators and their fish and cephalopod prey from oceanic waters off eastern Australia between 2004 and 2006. SIA of d15N and d13C revealed that the species examined could be divided into three main trophic groups. A 'top predator' group consisted mainly of large billfish (Xiphias gladius and Tetrapturus audax), yellowfin (Thunnus albacares), bigeye (T. obesus) and southern bluefin (T. maccoyii) tunas and sharks; with mako (Isurus oxyrinchus) the highest. Below this tier was a second group composed of mid-trophic level fishes including albacore tuna (Thunnus alalunga), lancet fish (Alepisaurus ferox), mahi mahi (Coryphaena hippuris) and ommastrephid squid. Underlying both groups was a grouping of small fishes including myctophids, small scombrids and nomeids as well as surface fishes including macrorhamphosids. These groupings were based largely on mean animal size which showed a positive linear relation to d15N (r 2 = 0.58). Some species showed significant ontogenetic variation in either d15N (swordfish, lancet fish, yellowfin and albacore tuna) or d13C (mako shark). We also noted a consistent latitudinal change in d15N and d13C at ~28S for the top predator species, particularly albacore and yellowfin tuna. The differences were consistent with a change from oligotrophic Coral Sea to nutrient rich Tasman Sea waters. These differences suggest that predatory fishes may have extended residence time in distinct regions off eastern Australia.
JF  - Marine Biology
AU  - Revill, Andrew T
AU  - Young, Jock W
AU  - Lansdell, Matt
AD  - CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, GPO Box 1538, Hobart, 7001, Australia, Andy.Revill@csiro.au
Y1  - 2009/05//
PY  - 2009
DA  - May 2009
SP  - 1241
EP  - 1253
PB  - Springer-Verlag, Heidelberger Platz 3
VL  - 156
IS  - 6
SN  - 0025-3162, 0025-3162
KW  - Albacore
KW  - Longnose lancetfish
KW  - Shortfin mako
KW  - Striped marlin
KW  - Swordfish
KW  - Yellowfin tuna
KW  - Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources
KW  - PSE, Australia
KW  - Food organisms
KW  - Isotopes
KW  - Carbon isotopes
KW  - Hippuris
KW  - Nutrients
KW  - Predators
KW  - Thunnus alalunga
KW  - Marine fish
KW  - Trophic structure
KW  - Xiphias gladius
KW  - Marine environment
KW  - ISEW, Coral Sea
KW  - Coral
KW  - Ontogeny
KW  - Corals
KW  - Prey
KW  - Marine
KW  - Thunnus albacares
KW  - Tetrapturus audax
KW  - Muscles
KW  - Coryphaena
KW  - Alepisaurus ferox
KW  - PSE, Tasman Sea
KW  - Marine molluscs
KW  - Nitrogen isotopes
KW  - Isurus oxyrinchus
KW  - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies
KW  - Q1 08482:Ecosystems and energetics
KW  - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Biology&rft.atitle=Stable+isotopic+evidence+for+trophic+groupings+and+bio-regionalization+of+predators+and+their+prey+in+oceanic+waters+off+eastern+Australia&rft.au=Revill%2C+Andrew+T%3BYoung%2C+Jock+W%3BLansdell%2C+Matt&rft.aulast=Revill&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=156&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1241&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Biology&rft.issn=00253162&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00227-009-1166-5
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-06-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fish; Food organisms; Trophic structure; Carbon isotopes; Coral; Marine molluscs; Predators; Nitrogen isotopes; Isotopes; Marine environment; Muscles; Ontogeny; Corals; Nutrients; Prey; Thunnus alalunga; Xiphias gladius; Thunnus albacares; Tetrapturus audax; Hippuris; Isurus oxyrinchus; Coryphaena; Alepisaurus ferox; PSE, Australia; PSE, Tasman Sea; ISEW, Coral Sea; Marine
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00227-009-1166-5
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effect of salt concentration in anammox treatment using non woven biomass carrier
AN  - 20579137; 9283189
AB  - Effect of high salt concentration on the anammox treatment was investigated to establish an acclimation strategy under high salt concentration conditions. An anammox fixed-bed reactor with non-woven biomass carrier was used and the salt concentration was gradually increased from 2.5 g L- 1 to 33 g L- 1. The anammox reactor demonstrated stable nitrogen removal rate (NRR) of 1.7 kg-N m- 3 d- 1 for 65 days under a salt concentration of 30 g L- 1. However, the NRR sharply declined at a salt concentration of greater than 30 g L- 1. The bacterial community was examined by 16S rRNA gene analysis and DGGE after the acclimation of the anammox sludge to high salt conditions. Although the salt concentration was almost sea level, the freshwater anammox bacteria, KU2, were detected. In addition, the unidentified bacteria which perhaps belong to candidate division OP10 and Lysobacter sp. were found to coexist with anammox bacteria at a salt concentration of 30 g L- 1.
JF  - Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering
AU  - Liu, Chengliang
AU  - Yamamoto, Taichi
AU  - Nishiyama, Takashi
AU  - Fujii, Takao
AU  - Furukawa, Kenji
AD  - Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan, k-furu@gpo.kumamoto-u.ac.jp
Y1  - 2009/05//
PY  - 2009
DA  - May 2009
SP  - 519
EP  - 523
PB  - The Society for Biotechnology, Japan
VL  - 107
IS  - 5
SN  - 1389-1723, 1389-1723
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts
KW  - Anammox
KW  - Salt concentration
KW  - Nitrogen removal
KW  - Biofilm reactor
KW  - Fixed-bed reactor
KW  - Salts
KW  - Acclimation
KW  - Freshwater environments
KW  - Sludges
KW  - Bioreactors
KW  - Biomass
KW  - rRNA 16S
KW  - Nitrogen
KW  - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up
KW  - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment
KW  - J 02450:Ecology
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Bioscience+and+Bioengineering&rft.atitle=Effect+of+salt+concentration+in+anammox+treatment+using+non+woven+biomass+carrier&rft.au=Liu%2C+Chengliang%3BYamamoto%2C+Taichi%3BNishiyama%2C+Takashi%3BFujii%2C+Takao%3BFurukawa%2C+Kenji&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Chengliang&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=107&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=519&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Bioscience+and+Bioengineering&rft.issn=13891723&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jbiosc.2009.01.020
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-06-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Salts; Acclimation; Sludges; Freshwater environments; Bioreactors; Biomass; rRNA 16S; Nitrogen
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiosc.2009.01.020
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Physiological responses and statistical models of the environmental niche: a comparative study of two co-occurring Eucalyptus species
AN  - 20575286; 9289474
AB  - Summary1. Our objectives were as follows: (i) to quantify the realized environmental niche of two co-occurring species and their differences and (ii) to examine whether differences in the species niches relate to differences in water and light use efficiency and growth responses to light and water.2. Statistical models of the environmental niches of two Eucalyptus species were derived from presence/absence records and from environmental variables (mean annual temperature, mean summer rainfall, mean summer daily radiation) and three factors (topographic position, lithology and a nutrient index) for 10 577 plots from south-eastern New South Wales, Australia. Generalized additive models (GAM) were fitted in a backwards stepwise procedure using Aikake's Information Criterion (AIC) for model selection.3. Seedlings were used in two experiments: (i) a water supply gradient with 20 treatments from 10 mL per day to 1000 mL per day and (ii) a light gradient with five treatments from 3% to 100% (full) sunlight.4. After controlling for lithology and nutrients, the principal differences in niche between species were as follows: (i) Eucalyptus mannifera was insensitive to mean summer daily radiation, (ii) it had a higher probability of occurrence in gullies and (iii) the two species differed in response shape and breadth of response to temperature, and temperature of maximum occurrence. Both species had a similar response to mean summer rainfall.5. Eucalyptus mannifera showed a monotonic increase in total biomass along the water supply gradient, consistently outperforming Eucalyptus dives, which showed little further increase above 440 mL per day. Consistent differences between species were found for leaf area, specific leaf area and allocation to leaves and stems.6.Diurnal measurements of conductance, transpiration, carbon dioxide assimilation and water use efficiency (WUE) showed differences between species along both the water and light gradients. Eucalyptus dives exhibits conservative responses to increasing resources and relatively higher WUE while E. mannifera has lower WUE.7.Synthesis. Species differences in ecophysiological strategies are consistent with their co-occurrence and with their realized environmental niche responses except for their temperature responses. The combination of statistical niche models and ecophysiological gradient experiments focuses attention on important unresolved environmental processes controlling distributions.
JF  - Journal of Ecology
AU  - Austin, Michael P
AU  - Smith, Thomas M
AU  - Van Niel, Kimberley P
AU  - Wellington, ABruce
AD  - 1CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems, GPO Box 284, Canberra City, ACT 2601, Australia
Y1  - 2009/05//
PY  - 2009
DA  - May 2009
SP  - 496
EP  - 507
PB  - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road
VL  - 97
IS  - 3
SN  - 0022-0477, 0022-0477
KW  - Ecology Abstracts
KW  - carbon dioxide assimilation
KW  - environmental niche
KW  - functional type
KW  - generalized additive models (GAM)
KW  - gradient experiment
KW  - light use efficiency
KW  - species distribution models (SDM)
KW  - water use efficiency
KW  - Leaf area
KW  - Eucalyptus mannifera
KW  - Niches
KW  - Statistical analysis
KW  - Nutrients
KW  - Water temperature
KW  - Water supplies
KW  - Eucalyptus
KW  - Models
KW  - Light effects
KW  - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Ecology&rft.atitle=Physiological+responses+and+statistical+models+of+the+environmental+niche%3A+a+comparative+study+of+two+co-occurring+Eucalyptus+species&rft.au=Austin%2C+Michael+P%3BSmith%2C+Thomas+M%3BVan+Niel%2C+Kimberley+P%3BWellington%2C+ABruce&rft.aulast=Austin&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=97&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=496&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Ecology&rft.issn=00220477&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2745.2009.01494.x
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-06-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Leaf area; Niches; Statistical analysis; Nutrients; Water temperature; Water supplies; Light effects; Models; Eucalyptus mannifera; Eucalyptus
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2745.2009.01494.x
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Changes in body condition and body size affect breeding and recruitment in fluctuating house mouse populations in south-eastern Australia
AN  - 20567158; 9285590
AB  - AbstractChanges in body condition and body size in field populations of house mice, Mus domesticus, were examined to investigate why mouse populations do not increase rapidly in some years when favourable environmental and demographic conditions indicate they might. Mice had repeated seasonal patterns each year in breeding, growth rates and body condition that reflected the seasonal availability of food, but mean levels for each parameter varied among years. In most years mice lost body condition during summer, breeding declined and population growth slowed. Rapid population growth occurred when body condition was generally high and was maintained throughout summer. Female mice with large body length were more likely to breed than smaller mice, at all times, but changes in body condition accounted for most of the variability in female breeding activity between years and between habitats, and for the seasonal changes in the importance of body length. During rapid population growth, the recruitment rate of juveniles relative to the number of breeding females was 150-300% higher than in other years but adult survival rates were not higher. The data indicate that the ability of mice to maintain body condition, particularly when subject to moisture stress in summer, affects the proportion of females breeding, the number of juveniles weaned and their body condition at weaning, and is promoted by foraging conditions that favour maintenance of juvenile body condition after weaning. These factors, in turn, greatly affect juvenile recruitment rates and eventual population density of mice. Low juvenile survival is suggested as a reason that numbers of house mice in southern Australian cereal-growing areas do not increase rapidly in some years when other parameters are favourable. Similar processes are likely to play a role in regulating other rodent populations.
JF  - Austral Ecology
AU  - Mutze, Gregory J
AD  - Animal and Plant Control Group, Department of Water, Land and Biodiversity Conservation, GPO Box 2834, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia, mutze.greg@saugov.sa.gov.au
Y1  - 2009/05//
PY  - 2009
DA  - May 2009
SP  - 278
EP  - 293
PB  - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road
VL  - 34
IS  - 3
SN  - 1442-9985, 1442-9985
KW  - Ecology Abstracts
KW  - Breeding
KW  - Mus domesticus
KW  - Population growth
KW  - Recruitment
KW  - Body size
KW  - Weaning
KW  - Survival
KW  - Seasonal variations
KW  - Body length
KW  - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Austral+Ecology&rft.atitle=Changes+in+body+condition+and+body+size+affect+breeding+and+recruitment+in+fluctuating+house+mouse+populations+in+south-eastern+Australia&rft.au=Mutze%2C+Gregory+J&rft.aulast=Mutze&rft.aufirst=Gregory&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=278&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Austral+Ecology&rft.issn=14429985&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1442-9993.2008.01929.x
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-06-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Breeding; Population growth; Recruitment; Body size; Survival; Weaning; Seasonal variations; Body length; Mus domesticus
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-9993.2008.01929.x
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Isolation and screening of natural organic matter-degrading fungi
AN  - 20520737; 9207151
AB  - Drinking water quality and its treatment are negatively impacted by the presence of coloured natural organic matter (NOM) derived from the breakdown of animal and plant materials. Ligninolytic fungi (i.e., white rot fungi - WRF) secrete non-specific oxidative enzymes that can oxidise a wide range of recalcitrant organic compounds. The potential for these organisms to decolourise concentrated aquatic NOM was investigated. Twenty-one isolates from diverse fungal genera were screened using NOM plate assays. Four WRF strains: Trametes sp., Polyporus sp., Trametes versicolor ATCC 7731 and Bjerkandera adusta, which displayed good NOM decolourisation on solid medium were further investigated in shake-flask culture using concentrated NOM as the only source of nutrients. Of these, B. adusta demonstrated the greatest decolourisation (65% for 100mgCL super(-) super(1) NOM). NOM decolourisation coincided with ligninolytic enzyme activity and decrease in average molecular weight of NOM. The expression of the oxidative enzymes (manganese peroxidase (MnP), lignin peroxidase and laccase (Lac)) varied with fungal strain. The enzyme activities of Polyporus sp. and the two Trametes strains were significantly greater than those of B. adusta, although their decolourisation was less. For the Trametes and Polyporus sp., Lac activity was greatest, whereas for B. adusta MnP activity was greatest, suggesting its predominant role in the decolourisation process. This research demonstrates the significant potential for WRF in NOM removal so long as the enzyme activity can be controlled.
JF  - Chemosphere
AU  - Solarska, S
AU  - May, T
AU  - Roddick, F A
AU  - Lawrie, A C
AD  - Environmental and Chemical Engineering, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476V, Melbourne 3001, Australia, felicity.roddick@rmit.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/05//
PY  - 2009
DA  - May 2009
SP  - 751
EP  - 758
PB  - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl]
VL  - 75
IS  - 6
SN  - 0045-6535, 0045-6535
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Pollution Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts
KW  - Trametes
KW  - Bjerkandera adusta
KW  - Trametes versicolor
KW  - Nutrients
KW  - Lignin peroxidase
KW  - Molecular weight
KW  - Manganese
KW  - decolorization
KW  - Polyporus
KW  - Color removal
KW  - Organic matter
KW  - Fungi
KW  - Enzymes
KW  - nutrients
KW  - White rot
KW  - Laccase
KW  - ligninolytic enzymes
KW  - Organic compounds
KW  - Drinking water
KW  - Manganese peroxidase
KW  - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION
KW  - W 30940:Products
KW  - A 01300:Methods
KW  - K 03420:Plant Diseases
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Isolation+and+screening+of+natural+organic+matter-degrading+fungi&rft.au=Solarska%2C+S%3BMay%2C+T%3BRoddick%2C+F+A%3BLawrie%2C+A+C&rft.aulast=Solarska&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=751&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.chemosphere.2009.01.030
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-05-01
N1  - Last updated - 2013-07-26
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fungi; Organic matter; Enzymes; Nutrients; Lignin peroxidase; White rot; Laccase; ligninolytic enzymes; Molecular weight; Organic compounds; Drinking water; Manganese peroxidase; decolorization; nutrients; Color removal; Manganese; Polyporus; Trametes; Bjerkandera adusta; Trametes versicolor
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.01.030
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The effects of circle hooks on bycatch and target catches in Australia's pelagic longline fishery
AN  - 20520434; 9212377
AB  - We assess the performance of circle hooks, which are promoted as a measure for improving the survival of marine turtles following interactions with pelagic longlines. We conducted experiments off eastern Australia on commercial fishing vessels that alternated circle hooks (mostly size 14/0) and Japanese tuna hooks along their longlines. Most animals were hooked in the lip or jaw, regardless of hook type. There was no difference in the mean size of animals caught on the two types of hook, except for striped marlin (Tetrapturus audax), which tended to be larger on tuna hooks. Most species had an equal or lower probability of being alive on circle hooks than tuna hooks. Catch rates on circle hooks exceeded those on tuna hooks for most species. These included several target species, such as albacore tuna (Thunnus alalunga), yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) and striped marlin, and bycatch, including several shark species. The differences in catch rates were large enough to increase total catches and financial returns. The financial benefits of increased catches outweighed the costs of converting to circle hooks. The results indicate that the adoption of small circle hooks by longliners will not be detrimental to financial returns.
JF  - Fisheries Research (Amsterdam)
AU  - Ward, P
AU  - Epe, S
AU  - Kreutz, D
AU  - Lawrence, E
AU  - Robins, C
AU  - Sands, A
AD  - GPO Box 858, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia, peter.ward@brs.gov.au
Y1  - 2009/05//
PY  - 2009
DA  - May 2009
SP  - 253
EP  - 262
PB  - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl]
VL  - 97
IS  - 3
SN  - 0165-7836, 0165-7836
KW  - Albacore
KW  - Striped marlin
KW  - Yellowfin tuna
KW  - Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources
KW  - Marine
KW  - INW, Japan
KW  - Fishing vessels
KW  - Thunnus albacares
KW  - Pelagic fisheries
KW  - Tetrapturus audax
KW  - Longlining
KW  - Aquatic reptiles
KW  - Fishing gear
KW  - Survival
KW  - Australia Coasts
KW  - Adoption
KW  - Catch statistics
KW  - Thunnus alalunga
KW  - Marine fish
KW  - Fishing
KW  - By catch
KW  - Shark fisheries
KW  - Lip
KW  - Fisheries
KW  - Jaw
KW  - Q1 08563:Fishing gear and methods
KW  - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies
KW  - O 5090:Instruments/Methods
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-05-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-05-27
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fish; Shark fisheries; By catch; Fishing vessels; Pelagic fisheries; Fishing gear; Aquatic reptiles; Longlining; Catch statistics; Fishing; Lip; Jaw; Fisheries; Survival; Adoption; Thunnus alalunga; Thunnus albacares; Tetrapturus audax; INW, Japan; Australia Coasts; Marine
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2009.02.009
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Cadmium sulfide quantum dot/chitosan nanocomposites for latent fingermark detection
AN  - 20171772; 10245398
AB  - The detection of latent fingermarks is a challenging task in forensic science. Here we present work using highly photoluminescent cadmium sulfide (CdS) quantum dots (QDs) encapsulated in an inexpensive biopolymeric chitosan matrix for latent fingermark detection. Cadmium ions were chelated within the chitosan matrix followed by the rapid addition of sodium sulfide to produce a CdS/chitosan nanocomposite. The average QD size was investigated as a function of precursor concentrations using ultra-violet-vis (UV-vis) spectrophotometry and the QDs were imaged with transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Fluorescence spectrophotometry of the QDs at an excitation of 450 nm showed a narrow emission at 531 nm and broad emission between 600 and 850 nm with a maximum at 716 nm. Freshly deposited latent fingermarks deposited on aluminium foil were clearly detected under a Rofin Polilight at 450 nm by dusting with a freeze-dried suspension of the CdS/chitosan nanocomposite and a surfactant, tergitol, giving a so-called quantum dot surfactant (QDS) powder.
JF  - Forensic Science International
AU  - Dilag, Jessirie
AU  - Kobus, Hilton
AU  - Ellis, Amanda V
AD  - Flinders University, School of Chemistry, Physics, and Earth Sciences, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia, Amanda.ellis@flinders.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/05//
PY  - 2009
DA  - May 2009
SP  - 97
EP  - 102
PB  - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 85 Limerick Ireland
VL  - 187
IS  - 1-3
SN  - 0379-0738, 0379-0738
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts
KW  - Powder
KW  - Ions
KW  - Fluorescence
KW  - Transmission electron microscopy
KW  - cadmium sulfide
KW  - Sodium
KW  - Sulfide
KW  - Quantum dots
KW  - Aluminum
KW  - Forensic science
KW  - chitosan
KW  - Cadmium
KW  - Spectrophotometry
KW  - Surfactants
KW  - X 24360:Metals
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forensic+Science+International&rft.atitle=Cadmium+sulfide+quantum+dot%2Fchitosan+nanocomposites+for+latent+fingermark+detection&rft.au=Dilag%2C+Jessirie%3BKobus%2C+Hilton%3BEllis%2C+Amanda+V&rft.aulast=Dilag&rft.aufirst=Jessirie&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=187&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=97&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Forensic+Science+International&rft.issn=03790738&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.forsciint.2009.03.006
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2012-03-29
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ions; Powder; Fluorescence; Transmission electron microscopy; cadmium sulfide; Sodium; Sulfide; Quantum dots; Aluminum; Forensic science; chitosan; Spectrophotometry; Cadmium; Surfactants
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2009.03.006
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - A fast screening method for the presence of atrazine and other triazines in water using flow injection with chemiluminescent detection.
AN  - 66908468; 19203593
AB  - Atrazine is a triazine herbicide which contains two secondary aliphatic amine groups. Previous studies have shown that aliphatic amines react with tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)ruthenium(III) to produce chemiluminescence. This paper describes the application of tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)ruthenium(III) to the detection of atrazine and related triazine herbicides in water by flow injection chemiluminescence analysis. The optimised experimental conditions were determined to be: sample and carrier flow rates of 4.6 mL min(-1), sample at pH 9 buffered with 50mM borax, and reagent concentration of 1mM tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)ruthenium(III) in 20mM H(2)SO(4) (pH 1). Under these conditions, the logarithm of the chemiluminescence intensity versus concentration was linear in the range of 2.15-2150 microg L(-1) for samples in MilliQ water, and the limit of detection of atrazine in water was determined to be 1.3+/-0.1 microg L(-1). Validation of the method was performed using direct injection HPLC. The presence of natural organic matter (NOM) significantly increased the chemiluminescence, masking the signal generated by atrazine. Isolating the target analyte via solid phase extraction (SPE) prior to analysis removed this interference and concentrated the samples, resulting in a greatly improved sensitivity with a detection limit of 14+/-2 ng L(-1).
JF  - Talanta
AU  - Beale, David J
AU  - Porter, Nichola A
AU  - Roddick, Felicity A
AD  - School of Applied Sciences (Applied Chemistry), RMIT University, GPO Box 2476V, Melbourne 3001, Australia.
Y1  - 2009/04/30/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Apr 30
SP  - 342
EP  - 347
VL  - 78
IS  - 2
KW  - Herbicides
KW  - 0
KW  - Organometallic Compounds
KW  - Triazines
KW  - Water Pollutants, Chemical
KW  - tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium III
KW  - 28277-46-5
KW  - 2,2'-Dipyridyl
KW  - 551W113ZEP
KW  - Atrazine
KW  - QJA9M5H4IM
KW  - Index Medicus
KW  - Herbicides -- analysis
KW  - 2,2'-Dipyridyl -- analogs & derivatives
KW  - Flow Injection Analysis -- methods
KW  - Luminescent Measurements -- methods
KW  - Triazines -- analysis
KW  - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis
KW  - Atrazine -- analysis
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66908468?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Talanta&rft.atitle=A+fast+screening+method+for+the+presence+of+atrazine+and+other+triazines+in+water+using+flow+injection+with+chemiluminescent+detection.&rft.au=Beale%2C+David+J%3BPorter%2C+Nichola+A%3BRoddick%2C+Felicity+A&rft.aulast=Beale&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2009-04-30&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=342&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Talanta&rft.issn=1873-3573&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.talanta.2008.11.033
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date completed - 2009-04-13
N1  - Date created - 2009-02-10
N1  - Date revised - 2017-01-13
N1  - Last updated - 2017-01-18
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2008.11.033
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effects of radio-tagging on two-year-old, endangered Macquarie perch (Macquaria australasica: Percichthyidae)
AN  - 860375518; 13812003
AB  - Radio-telemetry provides an effective means of studying the habitat use of threatened fishes where repeated recapture of individuals is undesirable. In these circumstances, it is especially important to ensure that radio-tagging methods are appropriate for the particular species of interest. An aquaria-based evaluation of three methods for radio-tagging two-year-old Macquaria australasica was conducted until 28 days post-surgery. Successful radio-tagging was determined from three indicators: (1) survival; (2) healing of the surgical incision or tag attachment site; and (3) resumption of feeding. Internal-coil radio-tags proved to be the most suitable radio-tag type, with complete survivorship and tag retention for the duration of the trial and fish commonly resuming normal feeding behaviour within two days post-surgery. In contrast, implanting a radio-tag internally and exiting a whip antenna is unsuitable for M. australasica on the basis of poor survivorship, rejection of radio-tags, and prolonged alteration of feeding behaviour. No mortality or radio-tag rejection was observed in association with externally attached whip-antenna radio-tags, and post-surgery resumption of feeding was comparable with that of fish with internal-coil radio-tags. However, external radio-tags caused substantial abrasion of the epidermis and loss of scales. Internal-coil tags should be applied in radio-tracking studies of this species.
JF  - Marine & Freshwater Research
AU  - Broadhurst, Ben T
AU  - Ebner, Brendan C
AU  - Clear, Rhian C
AD  - Parks, Conservation and Lands, Department of Territory and Municipal Services, ACT Government, GPO Box 158, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia, ben.broadhurst@canberra.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/04/29/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Apr 29
SP  - 341
EP  - 345
PB  - CSIRO Publishing, PO Box 1139 Collingwood Vic. 3066 Australia
VL  - 60
IS  - 4
SN  - 1323-1650, 1323-1650
KW  - ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources
KW  - Percichthyidae
KW  - Abrasion
KW  - feeding
KW  - Survival
KW  - Freshwater
KW  - Macquaria australasica
KW  - Radio-tagging
KW  - surgery
KW  - Antennae
KW  - Feeding behaviour
KW  - Survivorship
KW  - Habitat utilization
KW  - Feeding behavior
KW  - Marine
KW  - Mortality
KW  - Skin
KW  - Rare species
KW  - Habitat
KW  - Tracking
KW  - Biotelemetry
KW  - Epidermis
KW  - Scales
KW  - Nature conservation
KW  - Fish
KW  - survival
KW  - Mortality causes
KW  - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development
KW  - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies
KW  - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries
KW  - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management
KW  - Q3 08588:Effects of Aquaculture on the Environment
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/860375518?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+%26+Freshwater+Research&rft.atitle=Effects+of+radio-tagging+on+two-year-old%2C+endangered+Macquarie+perch+%28Macquaria+australasica%3A+Percichthyidae%29&rft.au=Broadhurst%2C+Ben+T%3BEbner%2C+Brendan+C%3BClear%2C+Rhian+C&rft.aulast=Broadhurst&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft.date=2009-04-29&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=341&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+%26+Freshwater+Research&rft.issn=13231650&rft_id=info:doi/10.1071%2FMF08142
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2011-04-01
N1  - Number of references - 23
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-02
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Skin; Feeding behaviour; Nature conservation; Survival; Survivorship; Rare species; Mortality causes; Biotelemetry; Tracking; Epidermis; Mortality; Abrasion; Scales; Habitat utilization; Feeding behavior; Radio-tagging; Antennae; feeding; Fish; Habitat; survival; surgery; Percichthyidae; Macquaria australasica; Marine; Freshwater
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/MF08142
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - A cautionary tale: surrogates for radio-tagging practice do not always simulate the responses of closely related species
AN  - 860375108; 13812008
AB  - Telemetry is useful for monitoring rare and threatened species if they can be effectively tagged. Relatively abundant, closely related species are sometimes used as surrogates in refining tagging methods or testing the suitability of methods before transfer to rare and threatened species. A decision framework for developing a radio-tagging method of an endangered fish (Macquaria australasica; Percichthyidae) is presented based on experiences with tagging a closely related, surrogate species (Macquaria ambigua). Aquaria and field-based trials demonstrated the suitability of internally implanting a radio-tag with an externally exited antenna on the surrogate species. However, transferring this method to the endangered species under field conditions was unsuccessful in terms of mortality and/or radio-tag rejection. In this case, a surrogate species served to refine radio-tagging methods, but did not successfully indicate the suitability of these methods for a closely related species. This cautionary tale illustrates that surrogate species are not always effective and extrapolation of methods, even across closely related species, may be perilous.
JF  - Marine & Freshwater Research
AU  - Ebner, Brendan C
AU  - Lintermans, Mark
AU  - Jekabsons, Mark
AU  - Dunford, Mark
AU  - Andrews, William
AD  - Parks, Conservation and Lands, Department of Territory and Municipal Services, ACT Government, GPO Box 158, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia, b.ebner@griffith.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/04/29/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Apr 29
SP  - 371
EP  - 378
PB  - CSIRO Publishing, PO Box 1139 Collingwood Vic. 3066 Australia
VL  - 60
IS  - 4
SN  - 1323-1650, 1323-1650
KW  - ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources
KW  - methodology
KW  - Percichthyidae
KW  - radio-tag
KW  - surgery
KW  - telemetry
KW  - threatened species
KW  - Marine
KW  - Mortality
KW  - Rare species
KW  - Threatened species
KW  - Freshwater
KW  - Macquaria ambigua
KW  - Macquaria australasica
KW  - Radio-tagging
KW  - Antennae
KW  - Biotelemetry
KW  - Tracking
KW  - Aquaria
KW  - Telemetry
KW  - Endangered species
KW  - Fish
KW  - Tagging
KW  - Mortality causes
KW  - Endangered Species
KW  - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies
KW  - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries
KW  - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management
KW  - Q3 08588:Effects of Aquaculture on the Environment
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/860375108?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+%26+Freshwater+Research&rft.atitle=A+cautionary+tale%3A+surrogates+for+radio-tagging+practice+do+not+always+simulate+the+responses+of+closely+related+species&rft.au=Ebner%2C+Brendan+C%3BLintermans%2C+Mark%3BJekabsons%2C+Mark%3BDunford%2C+Mark%3BAndrews%2C+William&rft.aulast=Ebner&rft.aufirst=Brendan&rft.date=2009-04-29&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=371&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+%26+Freshwater+Research&rft.issn=13231650&rft_id=info:doi/10.1071%2FMF08159
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2011-04-01
N1  - Number of references - 47
N1  - Last updated - 2016-03-17
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Telemetry; Threatened species; Tagging; Rare species; Mortality causes; Tracking; Biotelemetry; Endangered Species; Aquaria; Mortality; Endangered species; Radio-tagging; Antennae; threatened species; Fish; Percichthyidae; Macquaria australasica; Macquaria ambigua; Marine; Freshwater
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/MF08159
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Radio-tagging and tracking of translocated trout cod (Maccullochella macquariensis: Percichthyidae) in an upland river
AN  - 762281212; 13812012
AB  - Radio-tracking provides an effective means of studying the spatial ecology of threatened fishes where almost inaccessible habitats and species rarity render conventional mark-recapture methods impractical. Initially, validation of an effective radio-tagging method is required; in the present study, an aquaria trial based on nine hatchery-reared, adult male Maccullochella maquariensis (Percichthyidae) was conducted. Fish resumed feeding within days of being internally implanted with a radio-tag, and tag rejection was not observed (0%, n = 9) based on a 2-month observational period. Following release into an upland stream, individual-specific movements resulted in upstream (n = 1) and downstream (n = 6) dispersal as well as fidelity to the release site (n = 2) at the completion of the study. Individuals established small home-ranges (mean length of river used by an individual per diel period ranged from 47 to 292 m) and were most active in the early morning and evening (n = 6). Complete survivorship of individuals bearing active radio-transmitters (n = 8) was recorded up until 4 months after release. However, an estimated zero or one individual was alive when the last active radio-tag expired 11 months after release (n = 8). The present study highlights the use of radio-tracking in monitoring the dispersal and survivorship of small numbers of hatchery-reared threatened fish released into natural habitats as part of species re-introduction programs.
JF  - Marine & Freshwater Research
AU  - Ebner, B C
AU  - Johnston, L
AU  - Lintermans, M
AD  - Parks, Conservation and Lands, Department of Territory and Municipal Services, ACT Government, GPO Box 158, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia, b.ebner@griffith.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/04/29/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Apr 29
SP  - 346
EP  - 355
PB  - CSIRO Publishing, PO Box 1139 Collingwood Vic. 3066 Australia
VL  - 60
IS  - 4
SN  - 1323-1650, 1323-1650
KW  - Ecology Abstracts; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources
KW  - Percichthyidae
KW  - Ecological distribution
KW  - feeding
KW  - Survival
KW  - Freshwater
KW  - Radio-tagging
KW  - Streams
KW  - dispersal
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Aquaria
KW  - Marine fish
KW  - Habitats
KW  - upstream
KW  - Maccullochella
KW  - Survivorship
KW  - Downstream
KW  - Rivers
KW  - Marine
KW  - Feeding
KW  - Chemical oxygen demand
KW  - Rare species
KW  - Habitat
KW  - Tracking
KW  - Biotelemetry
KW  - Fidelity
KW  - Trout
KW  - Stream
KW  - downstream
KW  - Nature conservation
KW  - Maccullochella macquariensis
KW  - Fish
KW  - Fish Populations
KW  - Dispersal
KW  - Monitoring
KW  - SW 0835:Streamflow and runoff
KW  - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development
KW  - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies
KW  - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries
KW  - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management
KW  - Q3 08588:Effects of Aquaculture on the Environment
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/762281212?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+%26+Freshwater+Research&rft.atitle=Radio-tagging+and+tracking+of+translocated+trout+cod+%28Maccullochella+macquariensis%3A+Percichthyidae%29+in+an+upland+river&rft.au=Ebner%2C+B+C%3BJohnston%2C+L%3BLintermans%2C+M&rft.aulast=Ebner&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2009-04-29&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=346&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+%26+Freshwater+Research&rft.issn=13231650&rft_id=info:doi/10.1071%2FMF08257
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-11-01
N1  - Number of references - 43
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-02
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fish; Rivers; Ecological distribution; Stream; Nature conservation; Survivorship; Rare species; Biotelemetry; Tracking; Aquaria; Feeding; Fidelity; Survival; Chemical oxygen demand; Dispersal; Habitat; Streams; Radio-tagging; Ecology; upstream; feeding; downstream; Fish; dispersal; Habitats; Trout; Downstream; Fish Populations; Monitoring; Percichthyidae; Maccullochella; Maccullochella macquariensis; Marine; Freshwater
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/MF08257
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Radio-tagging flexible-bodied fish: temporary confinement enhances radio-tag retention
AN  - 762281097; 13812002
AB  - Animals that occupy holes or squeeze into interstitial spaces often have particularly flexible bodies and can be difficult to tag effectively. The present study evaluated three methods for radio-tagging the cryptic, eel-like fish Gadopsis bispinosus, a species that inhabits interstitial spaces among cobbles and boulders in streams. The three methods were an externally attached radio-tag with a whip antenna, an internally implanted coil radio-tag (internal coil) and an internally implanted radio-tag with an externally exited whip antenna (internal-external). Successful radio-tagging was determined in aquaria trials based on a combination of four indicators: (1) survival; (2) retention of the radio-tag; (3) healing of the surgical incision; and (4) rapid resumption of feeding. Externally attached radio-tags were shed and proved to be unsuitable (100%). Three of nine individuals with internal-external tagging completed the study with regular feeding, healed incisions and retained radio-tags. Conversely, five of nine individuals with internal coils were successful. This included two of three individuals held in either a simple environment for 3 days or for the duration of the trial and one of three individuals held in a complex environment. Temporary confinement following implantation with coil radio-tags offers a viable means of radio-tagging G. bispinosus. Temporary confinement following radio-tagging may also be useful for reducing radio-tag rejection and mortality for other fish species with similar body morphs and habitat use (e.g. eel species and sculpin).
JF  - Marine & Freshwater Research
AU  - Broadhurst, Ben T
AU  - Ebner, Brendan C
AU  - Clear, Rhian C
AD  - Parks, Conservation and Lands, Department of Territory and Municipal Services, ACT Government, GPO Box 158, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia, ben.broadhurst@canberra.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/04/29/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Apr 29
SP  - 356
EP  - 360
PB  - CSIRO Publishing, PO Box 1139 Collingwood Vic. 3066 Australia
VL  - 60
IS  - 4
SN  - 1323-1650, 1323-1650
KW  - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts
KW  - Sculpin
KW  - Indicators
KW  - feeding
KW  - Catadromous species
KW  - Survival
KW  - Interstitial environment
KW  - Freshwater
KW  - Gadopsis
KW  - Retention
KW  - Freshwater fish
KW  - Radio-tagging
KW  - Streams
KW  - surgery
KW  - Antennae
KW  - Aquaria
KW  - Eel
KW  - Habitat utilization
KW  - Tagging
KW  - Marine
KW  - Feeding
KW  - Mortality
KW  - Cobblestone
KW  - Habitat
KW  - Tracking
KW  - Biotelemetry
KW  - Fish
KW  - survival
KW  - Mortality causes
KW  - SW 5010:Network design
KW  - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development
KW  - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies
KW  - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries
KW  - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management
KW  - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/762281097?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+%26+Freshwater+Research&rft.atitle=Radio-tagging+flexible-bodied+fish%3A+temporary+confinement+enhances+radio-tag+retention&rft.au=Broadhurst%2C+Ben+T%3BEbner%2C+Brendan+C%3BClear%2C+Rhian+C&rft.aulast=Broadhurst&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft.date=2009-04-29&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=356&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+%26+Freshwater+Research&rft.issn=13231650&rft_id=info:doi/10.1071%2FMF08141
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-11-01
N1  - Number of references - 32
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-02
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cobblestone; Catadromous species; Survival; Tagging; Interstitial environment; Freshwater fish; Mortality causes; Biotelemetry; Tracking; Aquaria; Mortality; Feeding; Habitat utilization; Streams; Radio-tagging; Antennae; feeding; Fish; survival; Habitat; surgery; Sculpin; Indicators; Eel; Retention; Gadopsis; Marine; Freshwater
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/MF08141
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - 100 Days of Bailouts and Making a Bad Situation Worse
AN  - 742954847; 2010-503726
AB  - President Obama has accomplished an incredible expansion of government's size and reach in the first 100 days of his presidency, from proposing a plan to further the government's involvement in the health care marketplace to near-takeovers of large industrial automobile firms. To afford a larger government to handle these broad new responsibilities, the government will have to continue to borrow at unsustainable rates or raise taxes. Tables, Figures.
JF  - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee, Apr 29 2009, 4 pp.
AU  - United States Senate Republican Policy Committee
Y1  - 2009/04/29/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Apr 29
PB  - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Public finance
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Health and health policy
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Taxation and tax policy
KW  - Obama, Barack
KW  - Taxation
KW  - United States
KW  - Budget, Government
KW  - Health policy
KW  - Government and politics
KW  - Size
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/742954847?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=United+States+Senate+Republican+Policy+Committee&rft.aulast=United+States+Senate+Republican+Policy+Committee&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2009-04-29&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=100+Days+of+Bailouts+and+Making+a+Bad+Situation+Worse&rft.title=100+Days+of+Bailouts+and+Making+a+Bad+Situation+Worse&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://rpc.senate.gov/public/_files/042909100DaysofBailoutsandMakingaBadSituationWorse.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-05-10
N1  - Publication note - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee, 2009
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - What if We Captured Osama bin Laden Tomorrow? 100 Days of Obama Counterterrorism Policies
AN  - 742950573; 2010-503725
AB  - If the US captured Osama bin Laden tomorrow, it is unclear where he would go; yet, he would know exactly how he would be interrogated, given that President Obama has restricted interrogation of high value al Qaeda terrorists to the techniques listed in the Army Field Manual, which is available on the Internet. Bin Laden would demand access to a lawyer before talking to any interrogators. As for eventually bringing him to justice, President Obama has halted all trials in the military commission system, even though past public trials of terrorists have compromised US intelligence information pertaining to al Qaeda. Tables.
JF  - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee, Apr 29 2009, 5 pp.
AU  - United States Senate Republican Policy Committee
Y1  - 2009/04/29/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Apr 29
PB  - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee
KW  - International relations - International peace and security
KW  - Military and defense policy - National defense
KW  - Administration of justice - Legal procedure
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Psychology
KW  - Education and education policy - Educational psychology and learning ability
KW  - Obama, Barack
KW  - United States
KW  - Intelligence
KW  - Counterterrorism
KW  - Al Qaeda
KW  - Trials
KW  - Bin Laden, Osama
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/742950573?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=United+States+Senate+Republican+Policy+Committee&rft.aulast=United+States+Senate+Republican+Policy+Committee&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2009-04-29&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=What+if+We+Captured+Osama+bin+Laden+Tomorrow%3F+100+Days+of+Obama+Counterterrorism+Policies&rft.title=What+if+We+Captured+Osama+bin+Laden+Tomorrow%3F+100+Days+of+Obama+Counterterrorism+Policies&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://rpc.senate.gov/public/_files/042909CaptureBinLadenms.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-05-10
N1  - Publication note - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee, 2009
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Advanced Research Projects Agency -- Energy (ARPA-E): Background, Status, and Selected Issues for Congress
AN  - 58836440; 2008-423478
AB  - In August 2007, Congress authorized the establishment of the Advanced Research Projects Agency -- Energy (ARPA-E) within the Department of Energy (DOE) as part of the America COMPETES Act (P.L. 110-69) to support transformational energy technology research projects with the goal of enhancing the nation's economic and energy security. Proponents of ARPA-E contend that additional energy research and development (R&D) would help respond to the nation's need for clean, affordable, and reliable energy, while opponents question whether ARPA-E is necessary to develop new technologies, when existing energy technologies are not fully utilized due to insufficient policies to encourage their implementation. Tables, Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Apr 29 2009, 30 pp.
AU  - Stine, Deborah D
Y1  - 2009/04/29/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Apr 29
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Energy resources and policy - Energy policy
KW  - Science and technology policy - Science and science policy and research
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Scientific research
KW  - Energy policy
KW  - Research and development
KW  - United States Energy department
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58836440?accountid=14244
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL34497_20090429.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-02-03
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL34497
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Stem Cell Research: Ethical Issues
AN  - 58841768; 2008-423480
AB  - The central question before Congress in the debate over human stem cell research is how to treat human embryonic stem cell research (ESR), which may lead to lifesaving treatments, but which requires the destruction of embryos. This report addresses questions, such as the balance of embryo destruction and relief of human suffering, the relative importance of the viability of embryos, the purpose of embryo creation, new versus existing cell lines, the consent of donors, the ethics of egg procurement, the effectiveness of alternatives, the possibility of generating embryonic stem cells without destroying human embryos, and the use of federal funding. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Apr 28 2009, 16 pp.
AU  - Williams, Erin D
AU  - Johnson, Judith A
Y1  - 2009/04/28/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Apr 28
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Medicine and health care
KW  - Law and ethics - Ethics
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Medical research
KW  - Bioethics
KW  - Stem cell research
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL33554_20090428.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-02-03
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, 7-5700
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Burma and Transnational Crime
AN  - 58842038; 2008-423481
AB  - This report analyzes the primary actors driving transnational crime in Burma, the forms of transnational crime occurring, and current US policy in combating these crimes. Transnational organized crime groups in Burma (Myanmar) operate a multi-billion dollar criminal industry that stretches across Southeast Asia, and widespread collusion between traffickers and Burma's ruling military junta, the State Peace and Development Council (SPDC), allows organized crime groups to function with impunity, threatening regional security in Southeast Asia and bolstering a regime that fosters a culture of corruption and disrespect for the rule of law and human rights. Tables, Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Apr 27 2009, 16 pp.
AU  - Wyler, Liana Sun
Y1  - 2009/04/27/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Apr 27
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Administration of justice - Crime and criminals
KW  - International relations - International peace and security
KW  - Culture and religion - Culture and civilization
KW  - Law and ethics - Ethics
KW  - Human rights - Human rights promotion and violations
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - Human rights
KW  - Culture
KW  - Burma
KW  - Rule of law
KW  - Crime and criminals
KW  - Corruption
KW  - Organized crime
KW  - Regional security
KW  - Southeast Asia
KW  - book
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Wyler%2C+Liana+Sun&rft.aulast=Wyler&rft.aufirst=Liana&rft.date=2009-04-27&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Burma+and+Transnational+Crime&rft.title=Burma+and+Transnational+Crime&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL34225_20090427.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-02-03
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL34225
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - U.S.-Funded Assistance Programs in China
AN  - 58830654; 2008-423482
AB  - US rule of law and civil society programs in the People's Republic of China (PRC) have created a web of relationships among governmental and non-governmental actors and educational institutions in both the US and China, and such programs constitute a key component of US efforts to promote democratic change in China. Some experts argue that foreign-funded rule of law and civil society efforts in China have produced limited gains due to PRC political constraints, while others contend that such programs have helped to build social foundations for political change and have bolstered reform-minded officials in the PRC government. Tables, Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Apr 24 2009, 10 pp.
AU  - Lum, Thomas
Y1  - 2009/04/24/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Apr 24
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - International relations - International relief and humanitarian assistance
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Community life and organization
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Social policy and social development
KW  - United States
KW  - Rule of law
KW  - Economic assistance
KW  - Civil society
KW  - China (People's Republic)
KW  - Nongovernmental organizations
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RS22663_20090424.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-02-03
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RS22663
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Coordination of Federal Water Research: Legislative Issues
AN  - 742953990; 2010-503618
AB  - The National Water Research and Development Initiative Act of 2009 (H.R. 1145) would formally establish a federal interagency committee which would develop a four-year plan for priority federal research topics, then require the President to annually report to Congress on progress in achieving the plan's research outcomes. A version of the committee, the Subcommittee on Water Availability and Quality (SWAQ), which was not created by statute, has been operating since 2003 within the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) as part of the National Science and Technology Council (NSTC). Tables, Figures, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Apr 22 2009, 6 pp.
AU  - Carter, Nicole T
Y1  - 2009/04/22/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Apr 22
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - United States
KW  - Technology policy
KW  - Presidents
KW  - Reports
KW  - Research and development
KW  - Water
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40538_20090422.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-05-10
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40538
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - CPAPER
T1  - Epigenetic Sylencing and Transcriptional Regulation of Mirnas Modulated in Human HCCS
T2  - 44th Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of the Liver
AN  - 42099338; 5136090
JF  - 44th Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of the Liver
AU  - Pediconi, N
AU  - Vossio, S
AU  - Schinzari, V
AU  - Scisciani, C
AU  - De Iaco, R.
AU  - Levrero, M
Y1  - 2009/04/22/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Apr 22
KW  - MiRNA
KW  - Transcription
KW  - Gene regulation
KW  - Epigenetics
KW  - U 2000:Biological Sciences
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42099338?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=44th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+European+Association+for+the+Study+of+the+Liver&rft.atitle=Epigenetic+Sylencing+and+Transcriptional+Regulation+of+Mirnas+Modulated+in+Human+HCCS&rft.au=Pediconi%2C+N%3BVossio%2C+S%3BSchinzari%2C+V%3BScisciani%2C+C%3BDe+Iaco%2C+R.%3BLevrero%2C+M&rft.aulast=Pediconi&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2009-04-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=44th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+European+Association+for+the+Study+of+the+Liver&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://www.kenes.com/easl2009/Orals/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-09-28
N1  - Last updated - 2010-05-03
ER  - 



TY  - CPAPER
T1  - The P53-Paralog DNP73 Oncogene Is Repressed by ?-Ifn/stat2 through the Recruitment of YY1 and HDAC1 Transcriptional Repressors
T2  - 44th Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of the Liver
AN  - 42098723; 5136101
JF  - 44th Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of the Liver
AU  - Testoni, B
AU  - Scisciani, C
AU  - Schinzari, V
AU  - Pediconi, N
AU  - Levrero, M
Y1  - 2009/04/22/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Apr 22
KW  - Recruitment
KW  - Repressors
KW  - Transcription factors
KW  - Oncogenes
KW  - U 2000:Biological Sciences
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42098723?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=44th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+European+Association+for+the+Study+of+the+Liver&rft.atitle=The+P53-Paralog+DNP73+Oncogene+Is+Repressed+by+%3F-Ifn%2Fstat2+through+the+Recruitment+of+YY1+and+HDAC1+Transcriptional+Repressors&rft.au=Testoni%2C+B%3BScisciani%2C+C%3BSchinzari%2C+V%3BPediconi%2C+N%3BLevrero%2C+M&rft.aulast=Testoni&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2009-04-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=44th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+European+Association+for+the+Study+of+the+Liver&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://www.kenes.com/easl2009/Orals/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-09-28
N1  - Last updated - 2010-05-03
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Federal Constraints on Healthy Behavior and Wellness Programs: The Missing Link in Health Care Reform
AN  - 742950569; 2010-503727
AB  - Greater participation in healthy behavior and wellness programs by employees and their family members could be encouraged in the health care reform bill by clarifying or revising the legal and regulatory restrictions that apply to these programs. It should be noted that none of these changes would alter protections for those with genetic conditions or pre-existing conditions. Tables, Figures.
JF  - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee, Apr 21 2009, 8 pp.
AU  - United States Senate Republican Policy Committee
Y1  - 2009/04/21/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Apr 21
PB  - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Health and health policy
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Medicine and health care
KW  - Business and service sector - Insurance
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - Health insurance
KW  - Health policy
KW  - Medical service
KW  - United States Senate
KW  - Legislation
KW  - Public health
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/742950569?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=United+States+Senate+Republican+Policy+Committee&rft.aulast=United+States+Senate+Republican+Policy+Committee&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2009-04-21&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Federal+Constraints+on+Healthy+Behavior+and+Wellness+Programs%3A+The+Missing+Link+in+Health+Care+Reform&rft.title=Federal+Constraints+on+Healthy+Behavior+and+Wellness+Programs%3A+The+Missing+Link+in+Health+Care+Reform&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://rpc.senate.gov/public/_files/042109FederalConstrantsonHealthyBehaviorandWellness.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-05-10
N1  - Publication note - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee, 2009
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Diversification of a Salmonella Virulence Protein Function by Ubiquitin-Dependent Differential Localization
AN  - 20527979; 9211447
AB  - Many bacterial pathogens and symbionts utilize type III secretion systems to deliver bacterial effector proteins into host cells. These effector proteins have the capacity to modulate a large variety of cellular functions in a highly regulated manner. Here, we report that the phosphoinositide phosphatase SopB, a Salmonella Typhimurium type III secreted effector protein, diversifies its function by localizing to different cellular compartments in a ubiquitin-dependent manner. We show that SopB utilizes the same enzymatic activity to modulate actin-mediated bacterial internalization and Akt activation at the plasma membrane and vesicular trafficking and intracellular bacterial replication at the phagosome. Thus, by exploiting the host cellular machinery, Salmonella Typhimurium has evolved the capacity to broaden the functional repertoire of a virulence factor to maximize its ability to modulate cellular functions.
JF  - Cell
AU  - Patel, J C
AU  - Hueffer, K
AU  - Lam, T T
AU  - Galan, JE
AD  - Yale University School of Medicine, 295 Congress Avenue, New Haven, CT 06536, USA, jorge.galan@yale.edu
Y1  - 2009/04/17/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Apr 17
SP  - 283
EP  - 294
PB  - Cell Press, 1100 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge MA 02138 USA, [mailto:subs@cell.com], [URL:http://www.cellpress.com]
VL  - 137
IS  - 2
SN  - 0092-8674, 0092-8674
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology
KW  - Symbionts
KW  - virulence factors
KW  - Replication
KW  - Secretion
KW  - Phagosomes
KW  - Pathogens
KW  - Salmonella typhimurium
KW  - Effector cells
KW  - Plasma membranes
KW  - AKT protein
KW  - membrane trafficking
KW  - phosphoinositides
KW  - Enzymatic activity
KW  - Ubiquitin
KW  - A 01490:Miscellaneous
KW  - J 02430:Symbiosis, Antibiosis & Phages
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cell&rft.atitle=Diversification+of+a+Salmonella+Virulence+Protein+Function+by+Ubiquitin-Dependent+Differential+Localization&rft.au=Patel%2C+J+C%3BHueffer%2C+K%3BLam%2C+T+T%3BGalan%2C+JE&rft.aulast=Patel&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-04-17&rft.volume=137&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=283&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cell&rft.issn=00928674&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.cell.2009.01.056
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-05-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Symbionts; virulence factors; Replication; Secretion; Phagosomes; Pathogens; Effector cells; Plasma membranes; membrane trafficking; AKT protein; phosphoinositides; Enzymatic activity; Ubiquitin; Salmonella typhimurium
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2009.01.056
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Tax Credit Bonds: Overview and Analysis
AN  - 58836536; 2008-423485
AB  - Almost all state and local governments sell bonds to finance public projects and certain qualified private activities. Most of the bonds issued are tax-exempt bonds because the interest payments are not included in the bondholder's (purchaser's) federal taxable income; in contrast, Tax Credit Bonds (TCBs) are a type of bond that offers the holder a federal tax credit instead of interest. This report explains the tax credit mechanism and describes the market for the bonds. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Apr 16 2009, 14 pp.
AU  - Maguire, Steven
Y1  - 2009/04/16/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Apr 16
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Taxation and tax policy
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Investments and securities
KW  - Government - State or regional government
KW  - Government - Local and municipal government
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Public finance
KW  - Bonds, Revenue
KW  - Local government
KW  - State government
KW  - Tax credits
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58836536?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Maguire%2C+Steven&rft.aulast=Maguire&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2009-04-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Tax+Credit+Bonds%3A+Overview+and+Analysis&rft.title=Tax+Credit+Bonds%3A+Overview+and+Analysis&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40523_20090416.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-02-03
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40523
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Single agent versus combination chemotherapy for metastatic breast cancer.
AN  - 67124064; 19370586
AB  - Combination chemotherapy regimens are frequently favoured over single agents for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer, in an attempt to achieve superior tumour response rates. It is not known however whether giving more intensive chemotherapy regimens results in better health outcomes, when both survival and toxicity are considered, and whether better response rates and rates of progression free survival actually translate to better overall survival.
          To compare single agent with combination chemotherapy for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer. We searched the Cochrane Breast Cancer Group Specialised Register November 2008. Handsearching of recent conference proceedings was also undertaken.
          Randomised trials of single agent chemotherapy compared to combination therapy in metastatic breast cancer. Two authors independently assessed trials for eligibility and quality, and extracted data. Hazard ratios were derived for reported time-to-event outcomes.Response rates were analysed as dichotomous variables. Toxicity and quality of life data were extracted where present.
          Forty three eligible trials (48 comparisons) were identified. These included 9742 women, 55% of whom were receiving first-line treatment for metastatic disease. For overall survival there was a statistically significant difference in favour of the combination regimens with no heterogeneity (HR 0.88, 95% CI 0.83-0.93, p<0.00001). Results were very similar when trials of first-line treatment were analysed, and for analyses where the single agent was also included in the combination regimen. Combination regimens showed a statistically significant advantage for survival over single agent taxane (HR 0.82; 95% CI 0.75-0.89, p<0.00001), but not anthracycline (HR 0.94.86-1.02, p=0.15).Combination regimens were also associated with significantly better time to progression (HR 0.78, 95% CI 0.74 - 0.82, p<0.00001) and response (RR 1.29, 95% CI 1.14 -1.45, p<0.0001) although heterogeneity was statistically significant in both instances and probably due to clinical diversity of the participants and interventions.Women receiving combination regimens experienced a statistically significant detrimental effect on white cell count, increased alopecia and nausea and vomiting.
          Combination chemotherapy regimens show a statistically significant advantage for survival, tumor response and time to progression in women with metastatic breast cancer but they also produce more toxicity. An unresolved question is whether combination regimens are more effective than single agents given sequentially.
JF  - The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
AU  - Carrick, Sue
AU  - Parker, Sharon
AU  - Thornton, Charlene E
AU  - Ghersi, Davina
AU  - Simes, John
AU  - Wilcken, Nicholas
AD  - Research Strategy, National Breast Cancer Foundation, GPO Box 4126, Sydney, NSW, Australia, 2001. sue.carrick@nbcf.org.au
Y1  - 2009/04/15/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Apr 15
SP  - 1
IS  - 2
KW  - Antineoplastic Agents
KW  - 0
KW  - Index Medicus
KW  - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
KW  - Humans
KW  - Treatment Outcome
KW  - Disease Progression
KW  - Quality of Life
KW  - Female
KW  - Breast Neoplasms -- drug therapy
KW  - Breast Neoplasms -- mortality
KW  - Antineoplastic Agents -- administration & dosage
KW  - Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols -- administration & dosage
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Cochrane+database+of+systematic+reviews&rft.atitle=Single+agent+versus+combination+chemotherapy+for+metastatic+breast+cancer.&rft.au=Carrick%2C+Sue%3BParker%2C+Sharon%3BThornton%2C+Charlene+E%3BGhersi%2C+Davina%3BSimes%2C+John%3BWilcken%2C+Nicholas&rft.aulast=Carrick&rft.aufirst=Sue&rft.date=2009-04-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=CD003372&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Cochrane+database+of+systematic+reviews&rft.issn=1469-493X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F14651858.CD003372.pub3
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date completed - 2009-06-23
N1  - Date created - 2009-04-16
N1  - Date revised - 2017-01-13
N1  - SuppNotes - Update Of:
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2005;(2):CD003372 [15846660]
N1  - Last updated - 2017-01-18
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD003372.pub3
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Case for the Sentence in Reading Comprehension
AN  - 85699613; 200910786
AB  - Purpose: This article addresses sentence comprehension as a requirement of reading comprehension within the framework of the narrow view of reading that was advocated in the prologue to this forum. The focus is on the comprehension requirements of complex sentences, which are characteristic of school texts. Method: Topics included in this discussion are (a) evidence linking sentence comprehension and syntax with reading, (b) syntactic properties of sentences that make them difficult to understand, (c) clinical applications for the assessment of sentence comprehension as it relates to reading, and (d) evidence and methods for addressing sentence complexity in treatment. Conclusion: Sentence complexity can create comprehension problems for struggling readers. The contribution of sentence comprehension to successful reading has been overlooked in models that emphasize domain-general comprehension strategies at the text level. The author calls for the evaluation of sentence comprehension within the context of content domains where complex sentences are found. Adapted from the source document
JF  - Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools
AU  - Scott, Cheryl M
AD  - 1653 West Congress Parkway, Suite 203 Senn, Chicago, IL 60612. cheryl_m_scott@rush.edu
Y1  - 2009/04//
PY  - 2009
DA  - April 2009
SP  - 184
EP  - 191
VL  - 40
IS  - 2
SN  - 0161-1461, 0161-1461
KW  - Speech/Language Pathologists (83110)
KW  - Reading Comprehension (70750)
KW  - Reading Instruction (70950)
KW  - Syntactic Complexity (86757)
KW  - Specific Language Impairment (82200)
KW  - Sentence Structure (77400)
KW  - Reading Processes (71150)
KW  - article
KW  - 4117: applied linguistics; reading instruction and remediation
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Allba&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Language%2C+Speech%2C+and+Hearing+Services+in+Schools&rft.atitle=A+Case+for+the+Sentence+in+Reading+Comprehension&rft.au=Scott%2C+Cheryl+M&rft.aulast=Scott&rft.aufirst=Cheryl&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=184&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Language%2C+Speech%2C+and+Hearing+Services+in+Schools&rft.issn=01611461&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Linguistics and Language Behavior Abstracts (LLBA)
N1  - Date revised - 2009-06-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-27
N1  - CODEN - LGSHA4
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Reading Comprehension (70750); Reading Instruction (70950); Sentence Structure (77400); Reading Processes (71150); Speech/Language Pathologists (83110); Syntactic Complexity (86757); Specific Language Impairment (82200)
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Transfer of methylamphetamine and amphetamine into breast milk following recreational use of methylamphetamine.
AN  - 67134287; 19371319
AB  - To investigate the transfer of amphetamines into breast milk following their recreational use and estimate drug exposure for the breastfed infant.
          Two breastfeeding mothers who were occasional recreational users of intravenous amphetamines were studied. A urine sample was collected 4 h after dose, and milk samples were collected over 24 h. Drug in urine was qualitatively identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and quantification in milk was by high-performance liquid chromatography. Absolute infant dose via milk was estimated. The urines contained predominantly methylamphetamine together with smaller amounts of amphetamine. In the 24 h after dose, average concentrations in milk were 111 microg l(-1) and 281 microg l(-1) for methylamphetamine and 4 microg l(-1) and 15 microg l(-1) for amphetamine in cases 1 and 2, respectively. Absolute infant doses for methylamphetamine plus amphetamine (as methylamphetamine equivalents) were 17.5 microg kg(-1) day(-1) and 44.7 microg kg(-1) day(-1), respectively, for cases 1 and 2.
          These limited data suggest that breastfeeding should be withheld for 48 h after recreational amphetamine use.
JF  - British journal of clinical pharmacology
AU  - Bartu, Anne
AU  - Dusci, Leon J
AU  - Ilett, Kenneth F
AD  - School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia, 6845, Australia. anne.bartu@health.wa.gov.au
Y1  - 2009/04//
PY  - 2009
DA  - April 2009
SP  - 455
EP  - 459
VL  - 67
IS  - 4
KW  - Central Nervous System Stimulants
KW  - 0
KW  - Methamphetamine
KW  - 44RAL3456C
KW  - Index Medicus
KW  - Infant
KW  - Humans
KW  - Adult
KW  - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
KW  - Female
KW  - Methamphetamine -- pharmacokinetics
KW  - Amphetamine-Related Disorders -- metabolism
KW  - Breast Feeding
KW  - Milk, Human -- metabolism
KW  - Central Nervous System Stimulants -- pharmacokinetics
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date completed - 2009-10-09
N1  - Date created - 2009-04-17
N1  - Date revised - 2017-01-13
N1  - SuppNotes - Cited By:
Pediatrics. 2001 Sep;108(3):776-89 [11533352]
J Hum Lact. 2002 Nov;18(4):323-32 [12449047]
J Chromatogr. 1971 Dec 23;63(2):303-8 [5160840]
Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2007 Mar;63(3):371-5 [17380592]
JAMA. 1995 Jul 19;274(3):215 [7609223]
Drug Metab Dispos. 1997 Sep;25(9):1059-64 [9311621]
Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2006 Oct;46(5):419-26 [16953857]
Br J Addict. 1992 Nov;87(11):1527-36 [1458032]
N1  - Last updated - 2017-01-18
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2125.2009.03366.x
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - [Study on binding of drug to serum protein].
AN  - 67108188; 19336995
AB  - After being distributed in the circulating blood, drugs bind to serum proteins varying degrees. In general, such binding is reversible, and a dynamic equilibrium exists between the bound and unbound molecular species. It is believed that unless there is a specific transport system (e.g. receptor-mediated endocytosis, protein-mediated transport), only unbound drugs are able to penetrate through biomembranes, are distributed to tissues, and undergo metabolism and glomerular filtration. It is also believed that only unbound molecules present in target tissues can exert their pharmacological effects, and that the concentration of unbound molecules in tissues is in proportion to the drug serum concentration. Therefore, drug-serum protein binding is critically involved in the manifestation of the pharmacological effects of a drug as well as its pharmacokinetics. Among serum proteins, human serum albumin (HSA) and alpha(1)-acid glycoprotein (AGP) play important roles in protein binding for many drugs, which is of key importance to drug distribution in the body. In addition, they are widely used in clinical settings as blood preparations and drug delivery system carriers. It is thus of great importance from the viewpoint of pharmaceutical science to clarify the structure, function, and pharmaceutical properties of HSA and AGP. Accordingly, since starting my laboratory, the focus of my research has involved molecular pharmaceutical studies on the interactions of drugs and HSA and AGP for the purpose of applying these findings to clinical fields, such as drug treatment, diagnosis and drug discovery. In this review, the molecular properties of HSA and AGP will be briefly outlined. The static and dynamic topology of drug binding sites on these proteins, investigated by various spectroscopic techniques, X-ray crystallography, quantitative structure-activity relationships, molecular modeling, photo affinity labeling, site-directed mutagenesis etc., changes in the serum protein binding of drugs in pathological conditions, such as liver and kidney failure and various inflammation diseases and factors contributing to the changes will then be summarized. Finally, cases in which protein binding displacement can be applied to medical fields will also be introduced.
JF  - Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan
AU  - Otagiri, Masaki
AD  - Faculty of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan. otagirim@gpo.kumamoto-u.ac.jp
Y1  - 2009/04//
PY  - 2009
DA  - April 2009
SP  - 413
EP  - 425
VL  - 129
IS  - 4
SN  - 0031-6903, 0031-6903
KW  - Orosomucoid
KW  - 0
KW  - Pharmaceutical Preparations
KW  - Serum Albumin
KW  - Index Medicus
KW  - Animals
KW  - Renal Insufficiency -- metabolism
KW  - Humans
KW  - Protein Processing, Post-Translational
KW  - Biological Transport
KW  - Liver Failure -- metabolism
KW  - Inflammation -- metabolism
KW  - Crystallography, X-Ray
KW  - Protein Binding
KW  - Pharmacokinetics
KW  - Structure-Activity Relationship
KW  - Binding Sites
KW  - Serum Albumin -- physiology
KW  - Serum Albumin -- metabolism
KW  - Pharmaceutical Preparations -- metabolism
KW  - Serum Albumin -- chemistry
KW  - Orosomucoid -- chemistry
KW  - Orosomucoid -- metabolism
KW  - Orosomucoid -- physiology
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Yakugaku+zasshi+%3A+Journal+of+the+Pharmaceutical+Society+of+Japan&rft.atitle=%5BStudy+on+binding+of+drug+to+serum+protein%5D.&rft.au=Otagiri%2C+Masaki&rft.aulast=Otagiri&rft.aufirst=Masaki&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=129&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=413&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Yakugaku+zasshi+%3A+Journal+of+the+Pharmaceutical+Society+of+Japan&rft.issn=00316903&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - Japanese
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date completed - 2009-06-02
N1  - Date created - 2009-04-01
N1  - Date revised - 2017-01-13
N1  - Last updated - 2017-01-18
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Particle and gaseous emissions from compressed natural gas and ultralow sulphur diesel-fuelled buses at four steady engine loads.
AN  - 67008187; 19185331
AB  - Exhaust emissions from thirteen compressed natural gas (CNG) and nine ultralow sulphur diesel in-service transport buses were monitored on a chassis dynamometer. Measurements were carried out at idle and at three steady engine loads of 25%, 50% and 100% of maximum power at a fixed speed of 60 km h(-1). Emission factors were estimated for particle mass and number, carbon dioxide and oxides of nitrogen for two types of CNG buses (Scania and MAN, compatible with Euro 2 and 3 emission standards, respectively) and two types of diesel buses (Volvo Pre-Euro/Euro1 and Mercedez OC500 Euro3). All emission factors increased with load. The median particle mass emission factor for the CNG buses was less than 1% of that from the diesel buses at all loads. However, the particle number emission factors did not show a statistically significant difference between buses operating on the two types of fuel. In this paper, for the very first time, particle number emission factors are presented at four steady state engine loads for CNG buses. Median values ranged from the order of 10(12) particles min(-)(1) at idle to 10(15) particles km(-)(1) at full power. Most of the particles observed in the CNG emissions were in the nanoparticle size range and likely to be composed of volatile organic compounds The CO2 emission factors were about 20% to 30% greater for the diesel buses over the CNG buses, while the oxides of nitrogen emission factors did not show any difference due to the large variation between buses.
JF  - The Science of the total environment
AU  - Jayaratne, E R
AU  - Ristovski, Z D
AU  - Meyer, N
AU  - Morawska, L
AD  - International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Institute for Health and Biomedical Innovation; Queensland University of Technology, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia.
Y1  - 2009/04/01/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Apr 01
SP  - 2845
EP  - 2852
VL  - 407
IS  - 8
SN  - 0048-9697, 0048-9697
KW  - Air Pollutants
KW  - 0
KW  - Fossil Fuels
KW  - Gasoline
KW  - Nitrogen Oxides
KW  - Particulate Matter
KW  - Vehicle Emissions
KW  - Carbon Dioxide
KW  - 142M471B3J
KW  - Sulfur
KW  - 70FD1KFU70
KW  - Index Medicus
KW  - Environmental Monitoring
KW  - Carbon Dioxide -- analysis
KW  - Particle Size
KW  - Australia
KW  - Sulfur -- chemistry
KW  - Nitrogen Oxides -- analysis
KW  - Air Pollutants -- analysis
KW  - Particulate Matter -- analysis
KW  - Motor Vehicles
KW  - Vehicle Emissions -- analysis
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date completed - 2009-06-24
N1  - Date created - 2009-03-09
N1  - Date revised - 2017-01-13
N1  - Last updated - 2017-01-18
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.01.001
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Pharmacoepidemiologic research in Australia: challenges and opportunities for monitoring patients with rheumatic diseases.
AN  - 66957266; 19190976
AB  - The topic of drug safety has received great attention in recent years. Pharmacoepidemiology is the study of the use and effects of medicines in large populations using epidemiological methods. Pharmacoepidemiologic research can fill the knowledge gaps due to the limitations of existing pharmacovigilance systems that rely on randomised controlled trials and voluntary reporting. This review discusses the present state of pharmacoepidemiologic research in Australia. In Australia, linking administrative data on use of medications and medical services is possible to a certain extent. Data from patient registries with respect to rheumatology are also available. These data are valuable for better understanding of the beneficial and adverse effects of medicines. Opportunities and challenges of using these data sources to address issues from clinical pharmacology are also highlighted. Australia is well-placed internationally to make major contributions to the knowledge base of outcomes of medicines in the real-world setting. Developments in pharmacoepidemiology are critical to clinicians treating patients with rheumatic and other conditions.
JF  - Clinical rheumatology
AU  - Lu, Christine Y
AD  - Quality Use of Medicines and Pharmacy Research Centre, Sansom Institute, University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia. Christine.lu@unisa.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/04//
PY  - 2009
DA  - April 2009
SP  - 371
EP  - 377
VL  - 28
IS  - 4
KW  - Index Medicus
KW  - Registries
KW  - Product Surveillance, Postmarketing -- methods
KW  - Drug Industry -- trends
KW  - Biomedical Research -- trends
KW  - Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems
KW  - Humans
KW  - Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions
KW  - Drug Approval
KW  - Clinical Trials as Topic
KW  - Australia
KW  - Research Design
KW  - Pharmacoepidemiology -- methods
KW  - Rheumatic Diseases -- epidemiology
KW  - Rheumatic Diseases -- drug therapy
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clinical+rheumatology&rft.atitle=Pharmacoepidemiologic+research+in+Australia%3A+challenges+and+opportunities+for+monitoring+patients+with+rheumatic+diseases.&rft.au=Lu%2C+Christine+Y&rft.aulast=Lu&rft.aufirst=Christine&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=371&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clinical+rheumatology&rft.issn=1434-9949&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10067-009-1102-6
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date completed - 2009-08-25
N1  - Date created - 2009-02-26
N1  - Date revised - 2017-01-13
N1  - Last updated - 2017-01-18
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10067-009-1102-6
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The health and relationship dynamics of late-life couples: a systematic review of the literature
AN  - 61781218; 200923767
AB  - Late-life husband and wife relationships are increasingly recognised as an important factor in promoting wellbeing, particularly in terms of the health, social, emotional, financial and practical needs of older people. Knowledge of marital dynamics and how they affect both members of a couple remains scarce. This systematic review aimed to identify and appraise research that has focused explicitly on the dynamics of the relationship, as evinced by data from both spouses. Implementing rigorous identification strategies, 45 articles were identified and reviewed. These studies were grouped into three broad thematic areas: marital relations and satisfaction; concordance in emotional state or physical health; and the interplay between marital quality and wellbeing. The issues found to affect marital relations and satisfaction in late life included equality of roles, having adequate communication, and transitions to living apart. There is strong evidence for couple concordance in depression, that marital relationships affect ill-health, longevity and recovery from illness, and reciprocally that ill-health impacts on the marriage itself. The research also suggests important gender differences in the impact of marital dynamics on health. It has led to the conclusion that there is a need for more diverse studies of late-life marriages, particularly ones that examine the dynamics of non-traditional elderly couples and that extend beyond a predominant focus on the Caucasian population of the United States. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - Ageing & Society
AU  - Walker, Ruth B
AU  - Luszcz, Mary A
AD  - School of Psychology, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide 5001, South Australia ruth.walker@flinders.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/04//
PY  - 2009
DA  - April 2009
SP  - 455
EP  - 480
PB  - Cambridge University Press, UK
VL  - 29
IS  - 3
SN  - 0144-686X, 0144-686X
KW  - couples, elderly, marriage, mental health, physical health, systematic review
KW  - Whites
KW  - Well Being
KW  - Sex Differences
KW  - Elderly
KW  - United States of America
KW  - Marriage
KW  - Mental Health
KW  - article
KW  - 0207: sociology: history and theory; theories, ideas, & systems
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ageing+%26+Society&rft.atitle=The+health+and+relationship+dynamics+of+late-life+couples%3A+a+systematic+review+of+the+literature&rft.au=Walker%2C+Ruth+B%3BLuszcz%2C+Mary+A&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=Ruth&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=455&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ageing+%26+Society&rft.issn=0144686X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1017%2FS0144686X08007903
LA  - English
DB  - Sociological Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2010-10-21
N1  - Number of references - 67
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - CODEN - AGSOD9
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Elderly; Mental Health; Well Being; Marriage; United States of America; Whites; Sex Differences
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0144686X08007903
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Does Indigeneity Matter? Sentencing Indigenous Offenders in South Australia's Higher Courts
AN  - 61770154; 200929154
AB  - In Australia, research investigating Indigenous differences in sentencing is limited. This study examines the impact of offenders' Indigenous status on the decision to imprison and length of imprisonment in South Australia's Higher Courts. Results indicate that Indigenous offenders were less likely than their non-Indigenous counterparts to be sentenced to a term of imprisonment when appearing before the court under similar circumstances. However, when sentence length was decided. Indigenous offenders were sentenced to longer periods of imprisonment. The theoretical implications of these research findings are explored including conflict and focal concerns (attribution) perspectives. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Criminology
AU  - Jeffries, Samantha
AU  - Bond, Christine
AD  - School of Justice, Queensland University of Technology, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane QLD 4001 s.jeffries@qut.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/04//
PY  - 2009
DA  - April 2009
SP  - 47
EP  - 71
PB  - Australian Academic Press, Bowen Hills, Australia
VL  - 42
IS  - 1
SN  - 0004-8658, 0004-8658
KW  - sentencing, Indigenous people
KW  - Sentencing
KW  - Indigenous Populations
KW  - Courts
KW  - Australia
KW  - article
KW  - 2147: social problems and social welfare; sociology of crime
KW  - 1636: social control; sociology of law
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Australian+and+New+Zealand+Journal+of+Criminology&rft.atitle=Does+Indigeneity+Matter%3F+Sentencing+Indigenous+Offenders+in+South+Australia%27s+Higher+Courts&rft.au=Jeffries%2C+Samantha%3BBond%2C+Christine&rft.aulast=Jeffries&rft.aufirst=Samantha&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=47&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Australian+and+New+Zealand+Journal+of+Criminology&rft.issn=00048658&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Sociological Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2009-07-09
N1  - Number of references - 57
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Indigenous Populations; Australia; Courts; Sentencing
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Punishment as restoration of group and offender values following a transgression: Value consensus through symbolic labeling and offender reform
AN  - 61767710; 200926050
AB  - Justice theory has suggested that transgressions pose a threat to the shared values that underlie broken rules or laws, suggesting that in order to address concerns over the values violated by an offence, perceived consensus regarding those values must be reaffirmed. However, little empirical research has been conducted examining how legal responses can address those value concerns. In the current research we argue that punishments, as a common response to injustice, can reaffirm perceived value consensus through two routes: (1) by symbolically labelling the offence as against group values, thus reinforcing values towards observers and (2) by attempting to reform the offender, thus reinforcing values towards the offender. Consistent with this argument, three empirical studies showed that the public and inclusive nature of punishment helps restore a perceived value consensus as such characteristics facilitate these two processes. Moreover, these characteristics had a positive effect on perceived punishment appropriateness particularly when value concerns were heightened. These findings implicate symbolic labelling and offender reform as two processes by which punishments can restore the perception of value consensus and suggest that these processes are integral to justice restoration through punishment when value consensus is a dominant concern. [Copyright John Wiley and Sons, Ltd.]
JF  - European Journal of Social Psychology
AU  - Okimoto, Tyler G
AU  - Wenzel, Michael
AD  - School of Psychology, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide SA 5001, Australia tyler.okimoto@flinders.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/04//
PY  - 2009
DA  - April 2009
SP  - 346
EP  - 367
PB  - John Wiley and Sons, Chichester UK
VL  - 39
IS  - 3
SN  - 0046-2772, 0046-2772
KW  - Social Theories
KW  - Justice
KW  - article
KW  - 2147: social problems and social welfare; sociology of crime
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61767710?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=European+Journal+of+Social+Psychology&rft.atitle=Punishment+as+restoration+of+group+and+offender+values+following+a+transgression%3A+Value+consensus+through+symbolic+labeling+and+offender+reform&rft.au=Okimoto%2C+Tyler+G%3BWenzel%2C+Michael&rft.aulast=Okimoto&rft.aufirst=Tyler&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=346&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=European+Journal+of+Social+Psychology&rft.issn=00462772&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fejsp.537
LA  - English
DB  - Sociological Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2009-06-01
N1  - Number of references - 54
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - CODEN - EJSPA6
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Justice; Social Theories
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.537
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Weight of the Sword of Damocles: A Reconviction Analysis of Suspended Sentences in Tasmania
AN  - 61756151; 200929122
AB  - Suspended sentences are a widely used but controversial sentencing disposition. This article presents reconviction rates for all sentences imposed over a 2-year period in the Tasmanian Supreme Court, as well as examining different outcomes on the basis of key sentencing variables, including offence type and prior record. The results demonstrate that suspended sentences have comparatively low reconviction rates. The study examines the relative frequency and seriousness of offending, thereby overcoming a common criticism of reconviction studies that they are an 'all-or-nothing' measure, which does not take into account changes in offending patterns. The study also avoids the common error of misattributing reconviction rates to incidences of offending that occurred prior to the imposition of the relevant sentence by excluding pseudoreconvictions. and the findings indicate the extent to which pseudoreconvictions can skew reconviction results. In addition, the use of suspended sentences in combination with other orders, and the reconviction outcomes of such sentences, is analysed. The article concludes with a discussion of the implications of my findings for the further use of suspended sentences, and for future research. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Criminology
AU  - Bartels, Lorana
AD  - Criminology Research Council based at the Australian Institute of Criminology, GPO Box 2944, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia lorana.bartels@aic.gov.au
Y1  - 2009/04//
PY  - 2009
DA  - April 2009
SP  - 72
EP  - 100
PB  - Australian Academic Press, Bowen Hills, Australia
VL  - 42
IS  - 1
SN  - 0004-8658, 0004-8658
KW  - suspended sentences, recidivism, pseudo-reconvictions
KW  - Sentencing
KW  - Recidivism
KW  - Tasmania
KW  - article
KW  - 2147: social problems and social welfare; sociology of crime
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Australian+and+New+Zealand+Journal+of+Criminology&rft.atitle=The+Weight+of+the+Sword+of+Damocles%3A+A+Reconviction+Analysis+of+Suspended+Sentences+in+Tasmania&rft.au=Bartels%2C+Lorana&rft.aulast=Bartels&rft.aufirst=Lorana&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=72&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Australian+and+New+Zealand+Journal+of+Criminology&rft.issn=00048658&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Sociological Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2009-07-09
N1  - Number of references - 98
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sentencing; Recidivism; Tasmania
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Shameless!: Reconceiving the problem of student plagiarism
AN  - 60004251; 200945445
AB  - Examines causes of plagiarism often left out of social science discussions such as behavioral, ethical, conceptual and linguistic factors.
JF  - Angelaki
AU  - Briggs, Robert
AD  - Humanities, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia r.briggs@curtin.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/04//
PY  - 2009
DA  - April 2009
SP  - 65
EP  - 75
PB  - Routledge Publishing/Taylor & Francis, Abingdon UK
VL  - 14
IS  - 1
SN  - 0969-725X, 0969-725X
KW  - Cheating
KW  - Causality
KW  - Trust
KW  - Students
KW  - article
KW  - 1636: social control; sociology of law
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60004251?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Angelaki&rft.atitle=Shameless%21%3A+Reconceiving+the+problem+of+student+plagiarism&rft.au=Briggs%2C+Robert&rft.aulast=Briggs&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=65&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Angelaki&rft.issn=0969725X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F09697250903006476
LA  - English
DB  - Sociological Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2009-11-02
N1  - Number of references - 16
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Causality; Cheating; Students; Trust
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09697250903006476
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - A response to Bert Chapman's review of In the Name of National Security: Unchecked Presidential Power and the Reynolds Case (2006)
AN  - 59918433; 200921291
AB  - A response to Bert Chapman's review of In the Name of National Security: Unchecked Presidential Power and the Reynolds Case (2006).
JF  - Government Information Quarterly
AU  - Fisher, Louis
AD  - Law Library, Library of Congress
Y1  - 2009/04//
PY  - 2009
DA  - April 2009
SP  - 425
EP  - 426
PB  - Elsevier, San Diego CA
VL  - 26
IS  - 2
SN  - 0740-624X, 0740-624X
KW  - Presidents
KW  - National Security
KW  - Political Power
KW  - article
KW  - 9063: international relations; international relations
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59918433?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Government+Information+Quarterly&rft.atitle=A+response+to+Bert+Chapman%27s+review+of+In+the+Name+of+National+Security%3A+Unchecked+Presidential+Power+and+the+Reynolds+Case+%282006%29&rft.au=Fisher%2C+Louis&rft.aulast=Fisher&rft.aufirst=Louis&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=425&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Government+Information+Quarterly&rft.issn=0740624X&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-03
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - CODEN - GIQUEU
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - National Security; Presidents; Political Power
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Double-digit Unemployment Looming: Crisis Rooted in Deregulation of Financial, Labour Markets
AN  - 58837872; 2010-442688
AB  - The rapid descent of the global economy into what even the International Monetary Fund has begun to call a Depression will see very rapidly rising unemployment in Canada and around the world, likely to the double-digit levels not seen in Canada since the recession of the early 1990s. This crisis is rooted largely in the deregulated or so-called flexible labor markets created by governments in thrall to neoliberal economic doctrines and employer interests. Tables.
JF  - Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives, Apr 1 2009, 6 pp.
AU  - Jackson, Andrew
Y1  - 2009/04/01/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Apr 01
PB  - Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - International banking and finance and financial institutions
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Banking operations and services
KW  - Labor conditions and policy - Employment and labor supply
KW  - International monetary fund
KW  - Canada
KW  - Unemployment
KW  - International finance
KW  - Regulation
KW  - Banking
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58837872?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Jackson%2C+Andrew&rft.aulast=Jackson&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Double-digit+Unemployment+Looming%3A+Crisis+Rooted+in+Deregulation+of+Financial%2C+Labour+Markets&rft.title=Double-digit+Unemployment+Looming%3A+Crisis+Rooted+in+Deregulation+of+Financial%2C+Labour+Markets&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://www.policyalternatives.ca/monitorissues/2009/04/monitorissue2216/?pa=DDC3F905
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Publication note - Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CCPA Monitor
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Property rights for social inclusion: Migrant strategies for securing land and livelihoods in Papua New Guinea
AN  - 58819386; 2008-283891
AB  - This paper examines the broad range of informal land transactions and arrangements migrants are entering into with customary landowners to gain access to customary land for export cash cropping in the oil palm belt of West New Britain, Papua New Guinea. Whilst these arrangements can provide migrants with relatively secure access to land, there are instances of migrants losing their land rights. Typically, the land tenure arrangements of migrants with more secure access to land are within a framework of property rights for social inclusion whereby customary landowners' inalienable rights to land are preserved and the 'outsider' becomes an 'insider' with ongoing use rights to the land. Through socially embedding land transactions in place-based practices of non-market exchange, identities of difference are eroded as migrants assume identities as part of their host groups. This adaptability of customary land tenure and its capacity to accommodate large migration in-flows and expanding commodity production undermines the argument common amongst proponents of land reform that customary tenure is static and inflexible. Before such claims are heeded, there must be more detailed empirical investigations of the diverse range of land tenure regimes operating in areas of the country experiencing high rates of immigration. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - Asia Pacific Viewpoint
AU  - Koczberski, Gina
AU  - Curry, George N
AU  - Imbun, Ben
AD  - Department of Social Sciences, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia email: g.koczberski@curtin.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/04//
PY  - 2009
DA  - April 2009
SP  - 29
EP  - 42
PB  - Blackwell Publishing Asia, Carlton South Victoria Australia
VL  - 50
IS  - 1
SN  - 1360-7456, 1360-7456
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Property and wealth
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Social conditions and problems
KW  - Population groups, population policy, and demographics - Migrants and migration
KW  - Law and ethics - Real estate, property, and landlord and tenant law
KW  - Social conditions
KW  - Papua New Guinea
KW  - Land tenure
KW  - Property
KW  - Migrants
KW  - article
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apais&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Asia+Pacific+Viewpoint&rft.atitle=Property+rights+for+social+inclusion%3A+Migrant+strategies+for+securing+land+and+livelihoods+in+Papua+New+Guinea&rft.au=Koczberski%2C+Gina%3BCurry%2C+George+N%3BImbun%2C+Ben&rft.aulast=Koczberski&rft.aufirst=Gina&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Asia+Pacific+Viewpoint&rft.issn=13607456&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1467-8373.2009.01379.x
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-10-21
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Property; Social conditions; Migrants; Land tenure; Papua New Guinea
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8373.2009.01379.x
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Lost in Austin -- You are What You Read
AN  - 57744566; 200908104
AB  - The author, director of Scarborough-Phillips Library at St. Edwards University in Austin, Texas, shares some of the books he has read through the years. Early on, after learning to read when he was about six years old, he began to read books in school libraries and books his grandmother would occasionally send on birthdays or for Christmas. He remembers four titles that his grandmother sent him and one she sent to his sister: The Lone Indian, The Story of a Bad Boy, The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, and Pinocchio. The author, however, finds it difficult to confine his list of favorite books, regardless of literary merit. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - Against the Grain
AU  - Leonhardt, Thomas W
AD  - Scarborough-Phillips Library, St. Edwards University, 3001 South Congress Avenue, Austin, TX 78704-6489 thomasl@stedwards.edu
Y1  - 2009/04//
PY  - 2009
DA  - April 2009
SP  - 72
EP  - 74
PB  - 209 Richardson Avenue, MSC 98, The Citadel Charleston, SC 29409
VL  - 21
IS  - 2
SN  - 1043-2094, 1043-2094
KW  - Reading
KW  - Books
KW  - article
KW  - 15.0: READING
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57744566?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Alisa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Against+the+Grain&rft.atitle=Lost+in+Austin+--+You+are+What+You+Read&rft.au=Leonhardt%2C+Thomas+W&rft.aulast=Leonhardt&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=72&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Against+the+Grain&rft.issn=10432094&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Library & Information Science Abstracts (LISA)
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-03
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-27
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Reading; Books
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Geography of Linked Data and Ready Reference
AN  - 57741820; 200905914
AB  - According to linkeddata.org, linked data is about using the Web to connect related data that was not previously linked, or using the Web to lower the barriers to linking data currently linked using other methods. The web itself can already be considered data full of links where the pages at both ends of the links are really just more data. To date, most implementations of linked data sites publish or republish metadata sets, vocabularies, compilations of facts, and content-rich sites following today's best practice patterns for publishing linked data. Libraries need to merge the practical geography of ready reference collections to the explicit, interlinked meaning in the linked data web. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - Computers in Libraries
AU  - Chudnov, Daniel
AD  - Office of Strategic Initiatives at the Library of Congress daniel.chudnov@gmail.com
Y1  - 2009/04//
PY  - 2009
DA  - April 2009
SP  - 26
EP  - 28
PB  - Information Today Inc
VL  - 29
IS  - 4
SN  - 1041-7915, 1041-7915
KW  - Links
KW  - Reference materials
KW  - Electronic media
KW  - article
KW  - 13.14: INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL - SEARCHING
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57741820?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Alisa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computers+in+Libraries&rft.atitle=The+Geography+of+Linked+Data+and+Ready+Reference&rft.au=Chudnov%2C+Daniel&rft.aulast=Chudnov&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=26&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computers+in+Libraries&rft.issn=10417915&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Library & Information Science Abstracts (LISA)
N1  - Date revised - 2009-06-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-27
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Links; Reference materials; Electronic media
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The politics of women's economic independence
AN  - 37257410; 3923619
AB  - We identify the political conditions that shape the economic position of married/cohabiting women and of the economically most vulnerable group of women-single mothers. Specifically, we examine the determinants of reductions in single mothers' poverty rate due to taxes and transfers, and women's wages relative to spouses'/partners' wages. The Luxembourg Income Study archive yields an unbalanced panel with 71 observations on 15 countries. The principal determinants of poverty reduction due to taxes and transfers are left government, constitutional veto points, and welfare generosity. The relative wage of women in couples is a function mainly of female labor force participation, part time work among women, and women's mobilization. In explaining the causal pathways to these outcomes, we highlight the interrelationships of welfare state, care, and labor market policies. Reprinted by permission of Oxford University Press
JF  - Social politics
AU  - Huber, Evelyne
AU  - Stephens, John D
AU  - Bradley, David
AU  - Moller, Stephanie
AU  - Nielsen, François
AD  - University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill ; Congressional Research Service ; University of North Carolina, Charlotte
Y1  - 2009/04//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Apr 2009
SP  - 1
EP  - 39
VL  - 16
IS  - 1
SN  - 1072-4745, 1072-4745
KW  - Political Science
KW  - Economics
KW  - Unmarried mothers
KW  - Economic dependence
KW  - Women's status
KW  - Marital status
KW  - Welfare state
KW  - Labour market participation
KW  - Political conditions
KW  - Poverty alleviation
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/37257410?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Social+politics&rft.atitle=The+politics+of+women%27s+economic+independence&rft.au=Huber%2C+Evelyne%3BStephens%2C+John+D%3BBradley%2C+David%3BMoller%2C+Stephanie%3BNielsen%2C+Fran%C3%A7ois&rft.aulast=Huber&rft.aufirst=Evelyne&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Social+politics&rft.issn=10724745&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fsp%2Fjxp005
LA  - English
DB  - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS)
N1  - Date revised - 2013-06-12
N1  - Last updated - 2013-09-16
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 13620 13621 5429 5421 6091; 3906; 9664; 7699 7748 6823; 9963 9962; 7157; 13529 13527 11888 10472 2793 2803 3874 556 3977 5574; 13136 8317 9184
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sp/jxp005
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Gender and politics: new quantitative analyses
AN  - 37255524; 3923907
JF  - Social politics
AU  - Huber, Evelyne
AU  - Stephens, John D
AU  - Bradley, David
AU  - Moller, Stephanie
AU  - Nielsen, François
AU  - Bolzendahl, Catherine
AU  - Webb, Janette
AU  - McManus, Ruth
AU  - Elizabeth, Vivienne
AU  - Larner, Wendy
AD  - University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill ; Congressional Research Service ; University of North Carolina, Charlotte ; University of California, Irvine ; University of Edinburgh ; University of Canterbury ; University of Auckland ; University of Bristol
Y1  - 2009/04//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Apr 2009
SP  - 1
EP  - 158
VL  - 16
IS  - 1
SN  - 1072-4745, 1072-4745
KW  - Economics
KW  - Political Science
KW  - Labour economics
KW  - Welfare state
KW  - Public expenditure
KW  - Women's employment
KW  - Social development
KW  - Policy making
KW  - Work-life balance
KW  - Social policy
KW  - Poverty alleviation
KW  - Gender
KW  - Women and politics
KW  - Cross-national analysis
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/37255524?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Social+politics&rft.atitle=Gender+and+politics%3A+new+quantitative+analyses&rft.au=Huber%2C+Evelyne%3BStephens%2C+John+D%3BBradley%2C+David%3BMoller%2C+Stephanie%3BNielsen%2C+Fran%C3%A7ois%3BBolzendahl%2C+Catherine%3BWebb%2C+Janette%3BMcManus%2C+Ruth%3BElizabeth%2C+Vivienne%3BLarner%2C+Wendy&rft.aulast=Huber&rft.aufirst=Evelyne&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Social+politics&rft.issn=10724745&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS)
N1  - Date revised - 2013-06-12
N1  - SuppNotes - Collection of 5 articles
N1  - Last updated - 2013-09-16
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 5421 6091; 13599 13598 5421 6091; 9625 9628; 10443 4618; 7142 4025 7585; 11888 10472; Work-life balance; 9963 9962; 13529 13527 11888 10472 2793 2803 3874 556 3977 5574; 11813 3483; 13608 4214; 3060 971
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Renew the drive for CTBT ratification
AN  - 37141954; 3872416
AB  - Calling upon the Senate to ratify the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty by the end of his first term would help Obama send an unmistakable signal that the United States is committed to multilateral cooperation, reenergize a flagging nonproliferation regime, and increase U.S. leverage on Iran and North Korea. Reprinted by permission of the MIT Press
JF  - Washington quarterly
AU  - Joseph, Jofi
AD  - United States Senate
Y1  - 2009/04//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Apr 2009
SP  - 79
EP  - 90
VL  - 32
IS  - 2
SN  - 0163-660X, 0163-660X
KW  - Political Science
KW  - Foreign policy
KW  - International relations
KW  - Multilateralism
KW  - Iran
KW  - Legislature
KW  - Nuclear non-proliferation
KW  - International cooperation
KW  - North Korea
KW  - U.S.A.
KW  - Treaties
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LA  - English
DB  - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS)
N1  - Date revised - 2013-06-12
N1  - Last updated - 2013-09-16
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 7331 9720 6590; 8361 9680; 6706 2859 6784; 6784; 8766; 5200 5574 10472; 12966 6674; 181 254; 296 300 30; 433 293 14
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01636600902772760
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Catalytic Improvement and Evolution of Atrazine Chlorohydrolase
AN  - 21484898; 12510756
AB  - The atrazine chlorohydrolase AtzA has evolved within the past 50 years to catalyze the hydrolytic dechlorination of the herbicide atrazine. It is of wide research interest for two reasons: first, catalytic improvement of the enzyme would facilitate its application in bioremediation, and second, because of its recent evolution, it presents a rare opportunity to examine the early stages in the acquisition of new catalytic activities. Using a structural model of the AtzA-atrazine complex, a region of the substrate-binding pocket was targeted for combinatorial randomization. Identification of improved variants through this process informed the construction of a variant AtzA enzyme with 20-fold improvement in its kcat/Km value compared with that of the wild-type enzyme. The reduction in Km observed in the AtzA variants has allowed the full kinetic profile for the AtzA-catalyzed dechlorination of atrazine to be determined for the first time, revealing the hitherto-unreported substrate cooperativity in AtzA. Since substrate cooperativity is common among deaminases, which are the closest structural homologs of AtzA, it is possible that this phenomenon is a remnant of the catalytic activity of the evolutionary progenitor of AtzA. A catalytic mechanism that suggests a plausible mechanistic route for the evolution of dechlorinase activity in AtzA from an ancestral deaminase is proposed.
JF  - Applied and Environmental Microbiology
AU  - Scott, Colin
AU  - Jackson, Colin J
AU  - Coppin, Chris W
AU  - Mourant, Roslyn G
AU  - Hilton, Margaret E
AU  - Sutherland, Tara D
AU  - Russell, Robyn J
AU  - Oakeshott, John G
AD  - CSIRO Entomology, G.P.O. Box 1700, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia, colin.scott@csiro.au
Y1  - 2009/04//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Apr 2009
SP  - 2184
EP  - 2191
PB  - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA
VL  - 75
IS  - 7
SN  - 0099-2240, 0099-2240
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology
KW  - Atrazine
KW  - Evolution
KW  - A 01340:Antibiotics & Antimicrobials
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-04-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-02-21
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Evolution
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.02634-08
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - BME Estimation of Residential Exposure to Ambient PMsub 10 and Ozone at Multiple Time Scales
AN  - 21404573; 12116992
AB  - BACKGROUND: Long-term human exposure to ambient pollutants can be an important contributing or etiologic factor of many chronic diseases. Spatiotemporal estimation (mapping) of long-term exposure at residential areas based on field observations recorded in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Air Quality System often suffer from missing data issues due to the scarce monitoring network across space and the inconsistent recording periods at different monitors. OBJECTIVE: We developed and compared two upscaling methods: UM1 (data aggregation followed by exposure estimation) and UM2 (exposure estimation followed by data aggregation) for the long-term PM10 (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter or = 10 microm) and ozone exposure estimations and applied them in multiple time scales to estimate PM and ozone exposures for the residential areas of the Health Effects of Air Pollution on Lupus (HEAPL) study. METHOD: We used Bayesian maximum entropy (BME) analysis for the two upscaling methods. We performed spatiotemporal cross-validations at multiple time scales by UM1 and UM2 to assess the estimation accuracy across space and time. RESULTS: Compared with the kriging method, the integration of soft information by the BME method can effectively increase the estimation accuracy for both pollutants. The spatiotemporal distributions of estimation errors from UM1 and UM2 were similar. The cross-validation results indicated that UM2 is generally better than UM1 in exposure estimations at multiple time scales in terms of predictive accuracy and lack of bias. For yearly PM10 estimations, both approaches have comparable performance, but the implementation of UM1 is associated with much lower computation burden. CONCLUSION: BME-based upscaling methods UM1 and UM2 can assimilate core and site-specific knowledge bases of different formats for long-term exposure estimation. This study shows that UM1 can perform reasonably well when the aggregation process does not alter the spatiotemporal structure of the original data set; otherwise, UM2 is preferable.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Yu, Hwa-Lung
AU  - Chen, Jiu-Chiuan
AU  - Christakos, George
AU  - Jerrett, Michael
Y1  - 2009/04//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Apr 2009
SP  - 537
EP  - 544
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Pollution monitoring
KW  - EPA
KW  - USA
KW  - Aerodynamics
KW  - Residential areas
KW  - Pollution effects
KW  - Air quality
KW  - Particulates
KW  - Mapping
KW  - Ozone
KW  - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION
KW  - ENA 01:Air Pollution
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air pollution; EPA; Pollution monitoring; Aerodynamics; Residential areas; Pollution effects; Air quality; Mapping; Particulates; Ozone; USA
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Arsenic Exposure within the Korean Community (United States) Based on Dietary Behavior and Arsenic Levels in Hair, Urine, Air, and Water
AN  - 21404545; 12116979
AB  - BACKGROUND: Determining arsenic exposure in groups based on geographic location, dietary behaviors, or lifestyles is important, as even moderate exposures may lead to health concerns. OBJECTIVES/METHODS: The Korean community in Washington State, represents a group warranting investigation, as they consume foods (e.g., shellfish, rice, finfish, and seaweed) known to contain arsenic. As part of the Arsenic Mercury Intake Biometric Study, we examined the arsenic levels in hair and urine along with the diets of 108 women of childbearing age from within this community. Arsenic levels in indoor air and drinking water were also investigated, and shellfish commonly consumed were collected and analyzed for total and speciated arsenic. RESULTS: The six shellfish species analyzed (n = 667) contain total arsenic (range, 1-5 microg/g) but are a small source of inorganic arsenic (range, 0.01-0.12 microg/g). Six percent of the individuals may have elevated urinary inorganic arsenic levels ( 10 microg/L) due to diet. Seaweed, rice, shellfish, and finfish are principal sources for total arsenic intake/excretion based on mass balance estimates. Rice consumption (163 g/person/day) may be a significant source of inorganic arsenic. Air and water are not significant sources of exposure. Hair is a poor biometric for examining arsenic levels at low to moderate exposures. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that a portion of this community may have dietary inorganic arsenic exposure resulting in urine levels exceeding 10 microg/L. Although their exposure is below that associated with populations exposed to high levels of arsenic from drinking water ( 100 microg/L), their exposure may be among the highest in the United States.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Cleland, Bill
AU  - Tsuchiya, Ami
AU  - Kalman, David A
AU  - Dills, Russell
AU  - Burbacher, Thomas M
AU  - White, Jim W
AU  - Faustman, Elaine M
AU  - Marieen, Koenraad
Y1  - 2009/04//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Apr 2009
SP  - 632
EP  - 638
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Diets
KW  - USA, Washington
KW  - Arsenic
KW  - Urine
KW  - Oryza sativa
KW  - Shellfish
KW  - Excretion
KW  - Seaweeds
KW  - Drinking water
KW  - Hair
KW  - biometrics
KW  - ENA 01:Air Pollution
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diets; Arsenic; Urine; Excretion; Shellfish; Drinking water; Seaweeds; Hair; biometrics; Oryza sativa; USA, Washington
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Acute Effects of Air Pollution on Pulmonary Function, Airway Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress in Asthmatic Children
AN  - 21401205; 12116974
AB  - BACKGROUND: Air pollution is associated with respiratory symptoms, lung function decrements, and hospitalizations. However, there is little information about the influence of air pollution on lung injury. OBJECTIVE: In this study we investigated acute effects of air pollution on pulmonary function and airway oxidative stress and inflammation in asthmatic children. METHODS: We studied 182 children with asthma, 9-14 years of age, for 4 weeks. Daily ambient concentrations of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, and particulate matter or = 2.5 microm in aerodynamic diameter (PM(2.5)) were monitored from two stations. Once a week we measured spirometry and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), and determined thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and 8-isoprostane--two oxidative stress markers--and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in breath condensate. We tested associations using mixed-effects regression models, adjusting for confounding variables. RESULTS: Interquartile-range increases in 3-day average SO2 (5.4 ppb), NO2 (6.8 ppb), and PM(2.5) (5.4 microg/m3) were associated with decreases in forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% of forced vital capacity, with changes being -3.1% [95% confidence interval (CI), -5.8 to -0.3], -2.8% (95% CI, -4.8 to -0.8), and -3.0% (95% CI, -4.7 to -1.2), respectively. SO2, NO2, and PM(2.5) were associated with increases in TBARS, with changes being 36.2% (95% CI, 15.7 to 57.2), 21.8% (95% CI, 8.2 to 36.0), and 24.8% (95% CI, 10.8 to 39.4), respectively. Risk estimates appear to be larger in children not taking corticosteroids than in children taking corticosteroids. O3 (5.3 ppb) was not associated with health end points. FeNO, 8-isoprostane, and IL-6 were not associated with air pollutants. CONCLUSION: Air pollution may increase airway oxidative stress and decrease small airway function of asthmatic children. Inhaled corticosteroids may reduce oxidative stress and improve airway function.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Liu, Ling
AU  - Poon, Raymond
AU  - Chen, Li
AU  - Frescura, Anna-Maria
AU  - Montuschi, Paolo
AU  - Ciabattoni, Giovanni
AU  - Wheeler, Amanda
AU  - Dales, Robert
Y1  - 2009/04//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Apr 2009
SP  - 668
EP  - 674
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Age
KW  - Injuries
KW  - Pollution effects
KW  - Asthma
KW  - Particulates
KW  - Respiratory diseases
KW  - Children
KW  - oxidative stress
KW  - Nitrogen dioxide
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Sulfur dioxide
KW  - Lung
KW  - Aerodynamics
KW  - Nitric oxide
KW  - Respiratory function
KW  - Ozone
KW  - corticoids
KW  - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION
KW  - ENA 01:Air Pollution
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Age; Injuries; Asthma; Pollution effects; Respiratory diseases; Particulates; Children; oxidative stress; Air pollution; Nitrogen dioxide; Sulfur dioxide; Lung; Aerodynamics; Nitric oxide; Respiratory function; corticoids; Ozone
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Predicting Plasma Concentrations of Bisphenol A in Children Younger Than 2 Years of Age after Typical Feeding Schedules, using a Physiologically Based Toxicokinetic Model
AN  - 21398528; 12116977
AB  - BACKGROUND: Concerns have recently been raised regarding the safety of potential human exposure to bisphenol A (BPA), an industrial chemical found in some polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins. Of particular interest is the exposure of young children to BPA via food stored in BPA-containing packaging. OBJECTIVES: In this study we assessed the age dependence of the toxicokinetics of BPA and its glucuronidated metabolite, BPA-Glu, using a coupled BPA-BPA-Glu physiologically based toxicokinetic (PBTK) model. METHODS: Using information gathered from toxicokinetic studies in adults, we built a PBTK model. We then scaled the model to children 2 years of age based on the age dependence of physiologic parameters relevant for absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. RESULTS: We estimated the average steady-state BPA plasma concentration in newborns to be 11 times greater than that in adults when given the same weight-normalized dose. Because of the rapid development of the glucuronidation process, this ratio dropped to 2 by 3 months of age. Simulation of typical feeding exposures, as estimated by regulatory authorities, showed a 5-fold greater steady-state BPA plasma concentration in 3- and 6-month-olds compared with adults, reflecting both a reduced capacity for BPA metabolism and a greater weight-normalized BPA exposure. Because of uncertainty in defining the hepatic BPA intrinsic clearance in adults, these values represent preliminary estimates. CONCLUSIONS: Simulations of the differential BPA dosimetry between adults and young children point to the need for more sensitive analytical methods for BPA to define, with greater certainty, the adult hepatic BPA intrinsic clearance, as well as a need for external exposure data in young children.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Edginton, Andrea N
AU  - Ritter, Len
Y1  - 2009/04//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Apr 2009
SP  - 645
EP  - 652
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Age
KW  - bisphenol A
KW  - Physiology
KW  - feeding
KW  - Absorption
KW  - Simulation
KW  - Excretion
KW  - Children
KW  - Metabolism
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bisphenol A; Age; Physiology; Absorption; feeding; Simulation; Excretion; Children; Metabolism
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Relationship of Housing and Population Health: A 30-Year Retrospective Analysis
AN  - 21398331; 12116984
AB  - OBJECTIVE: We analyzed the relationship between health status and housing quality over time. METHODS: We combined data from two nationally representative longitudinal surveys of the U.S. population and its housing, the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and the American Housing Survey, respectively. We identified housing and health trends from approximately 1970 to 2000, after excluding those trends for which data were missing or where we found no plausible association or change in trend. RESULTS: Changes in housing include construction type, proportion of rental versus home ownership, age, density, size, moisture, pests, broken windows, ventilation and air conditioning, and water leaks. Changes in health measures include asthma, respiratory illness, obesity and diabetes, and lead poisoning, among others. The results suggest ecologic trends in childhood lead poisoning follow housing age, water leaks, and ventilation; asthma follows ventilation, windows, and age; overweight trends follow ventilation; blood pressure trends follow community measures; and health disparities have not changed greatly. CONCLUSIONS: Housing trends are consistent with certain health trends over time. Future national longitudinal surveys should include health, housing, and community metrics within a single integrated design, instead of separate surveys, in order to develop reliable indicators of how housing changes affect population health and how to best target resources. Little progress has been made in reducing the health and housing disparities of disadvantaged groups, with the notable exception of childhood lead poisoning caused by exposure to lead-based paint hazards. Use of these and other data sets to create reliable integrated indicators of health and housing quality are needed.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Jacobs, David E
AU  - Wilson, Jonathan
AU  - Dixon, Sherry L
AU  - Smith, Janet
AU  - Evens, Anne
Y1  - 2009/04//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Apr 2009
SP  - 597
EP  - 604
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - USA
KW  - Age
KW  - Housing
KW  - Ventilation
KW  - Poisoning
KW  - Asthma
KW  - Respiratory diseases
KW  - Children
KW  - Lead
KW  - Paints
KW  - ENA 01:Air Pollution
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Age; Ventilation; Housing; Poisoning; Asthma; Respiratory diseases; Children; Lead; Paints; USA
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - PAH-DNA Adducts, Cigarette Smoking, GST Polymorphisms, and Breast Cancer Risk
AN  - 21390829; 12116990
AB  - BACKGROUND: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) may increase breast cancer risk, and the association may be modified by inherited differences in deactivation of PAH intermediates by glutathione S-transferases (GSTs). Few breast cancer studies have investigated the joint effects of multiple GSTs and a PAH biomarker. OBJECTIVE: We estimated the breast cancer risk associated with multiple polymorphisms in the GST gene (GSTA1, GSTM1, GSTP1, and GSTT1) and the interaction with PAH-DNA adducts and cigarette smoking. METHODS: We conducted unconditional logistic regression using data from a population-based sample of women (cases/controls, respectively): GST polymorphisms were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight assays (n = 926 of 916), PAH-DNA adduct blood levels were measured by competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (n = 873 of 941), and smoking status was assessed by in-person questionnaires (n = 943 of 973). RESULTS: Odds ratios for joint effects on breast cancer risk among women with at least three variant alleles were 1.56 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.13-2.16] for detectable PAH-DNA adducts and 0.93 (95% CI, 0.56-1.56) for no detectable adducts; corresponding odds ratios for three or more variants were 1.18 (95% CI, 0.82-1.69) for ever smokers and 1.44 (95% CI, 0.97-2.14) for never smokers. Neither interaction was statistically significant (p = 0.43 and 0.62, respectively). CONCLUSION: We found little statistical evidence that PAHs interacted with GSTT1, GSTM1, GSTP1, and GSTA1 polymorphisms to further increase breast cancer risk.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - McCarty, Kathleen M
AU  - Santella, Regina M
AU  - Steck, Susan E
AU  - Cleveland, Rebecca J
AU  - Ahn, Jiyoung
AU  - Ambrosone, Christine B
AU  - North, Kari
AU  - Sagiv, Sharon K
AU  - Eng, Sybil M
AU  - Teitelbaum, Susan L
AU  - Neugut, Alfred I
AU  - Gammon, Marilie D
Y1  - 2009/04//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Apr 2009
SP  - 552
EP  - 558
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Bioindicators
KW  - Cigarettes
KW  - Breast cancer
KW  - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
KW  - Immunoassays
KW  - Cancer
KW  - Blood levels
KW  - ENA 13:Population Planning & Control
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=PAH-DNA+Adducts%2C+Cigarette+Smoking%2C+GST+Polymorphisms%2C+and+Breast+Cancer+Risk&rft.au=McCarty%2C+Kathleen+M%3BSantella%2C+Regina+M%3BSteck%2C+Susan+E%3BCleveland%2C+Rebecca+J%3BAhn%2C+Jiyoung%3BAmbrosone%2C+Christine+B%3BNorth%2C+Kari%3BSagiv%2C+Sharon+K%3BEng%2C+Sybil+M%3BTeitelbaum%2C+Susan+L%3BNeugut%2C+Alfred+I%3BGammon%2C+Marilie+D&rft.aulast=McCarty&rft.aufirst=Kathleen&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=552&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bioindicators; Cigarettes; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Breast cancer; Immunoassays; Cancer; Blood levels
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Risk of Asthmatic Episodes in Children Exposed to Sulfur Dioxide Stack Emissions from a Refinery Point Source in Montreal, Canada
AN  - 21390797; 12116976
AB  - BACKGROUND: Little is known about the respiratory effects of short-term exposures to petroleum refinery emissions in young children. This study is an extension of an ecologic study that found an increased rate of hospitalizations for respiratory conditions among children living near petroleum refineries in Montreal (Canada). METHODS: We used a time-stratified case-crossover design to assess the risk of asthma episodes in relation to short-term variations in sulfur dioxide levels among children 2-4 years of age living within 0.5-7.5 km of the refinery stacks. Health data used to measure asthma episodes included emergency department (ED) visits and hospital admissions from 1996 to 2004. We estimated daily levels of SO2 at the residence of children using a) two fixed-site SO2 monitors located near the refineries and b) the AERMOD (American Meteorological Society/Environmental Protection Agency Regulatory Model) atmospheric dispersion model. We used conditional logistic regression to estimate odds ratios associated with an increase in the interquartile range of daily SO2 mean and peak exposures (31.2 ppb for AERMOD peaks). We adjusted for temperature, relative humidity, and regional/urban background air pollutant levels. RESULTS: The risks of asthma ED visits and hospitalizations were more pronounced for same-day (lag 0) SO2 peak levels than for mean levels on the same day, or for other lags: the adjusted odds ratios estimated for same-day SO2 peak levels from AERMOD were 1.10 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.00-1.22] and 1.42 (95% CI, 1.10-1.82), over the interquartile range, for ED visits and hospital admissions, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Short-term episodes of increased SO2 exposures from refinery stack emissions were associated with a higher number of asthma episodes in nearby children.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Smargiassi, Audrey
AU  - Kosatsky, Tom
AU  - Hicks, John
AU  - Plante, Celine
AU  - Armstrong, Ben
AU  - Villeneuve, Paul J
AU  - Goudreau, Sophie
Y1  - 2009/04//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Apr 2009
SP  - 653
EP  - 659
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Canada, Quebec, Montreal
KW  - Sulfur dioxide
KW  - Canada
KW  - Petroleum
KW  - Asthma
KW  - Humidity
KW  - Refineries
KW  - Respiratory diseases
KW  - Children
KW  - Stack emissions
KW  - Hospitals
KW  - ENA 01:Air Pollution
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sulfur dioxide; Petroleum; Humidity; Asthma; Respiratory diseases; Refineries; Stack emissions; Children; Hospitals; Canada, Quebec, Montreal; Canada
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Direct Effects, Compensation, and Recovery in Female Fathead Minnows Exposed to a Model Aromatase Inhibitor
AN  - 21387665; 12116980
AB  - BACKGROUND: Several chemicals in the environment have the potential to inhibit aromatase, an enzyme critical to estrogen synthesis. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to provide a detailed characterization of molecular and biochemical responses of female fathead minnows to a model aromatase inhibitor, fadrozole (FAD). METHODS: Fish were exposed via water to 0, 3, or 30 microg FAD/L for 8 days and then held in clean water for 8 days, with samples collected at four time points during each 8-day period. We quantified ex vivo steroid production, plasma steroids, and plasma vitellogenin (Vtg) concentrations and analyzed relative transcript abundance of 10 key regulatory genes in ovaries and 3 in pituitary tissue by real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Ex vivo 17beta-estradiol (E2) production and plasma E2 and Vtg concentrations were significantly reduced after a single day of exposure to 3 microg or 30 microg FAD/L. However, plasma E2 concentrations recovered by the eighth day of exposure in the 3-microg/L group and within 1 day of cessation of exposure in the 30-microg/L group, indicating concentration- and time-dependent physiologic compensation and recovery. Concentration-dependent increases in transcripts coding for aromatase (A isoform), cytochrome P450 side-chain cleavage, steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, and follicle-stimulating hormone receptor all coincided with increased E2 production and recovery of plasma E2 concentrations. CONCLUSIONS: Results of this research highlight the need to consider compensation/adaptation and recovery when developing and interpreting short-term bioassays or biomarkers or when trying to predict the effects of chemical exposures based on mode of action.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Villeneuve, Daniel L
AU  - Mueller, Nathaniel D
AU  - Martinovic, Dalma
AU  - Makynen, Elizabeth A
AU  - Kahl, Michael D
AU  - Jensen, Kathleen M
AU  - Durhan, Elizabeth J
AU  - Cavallin, Jenna E
AU  - Bencic, David
AU  - Ankley, Gerald T
Y1  - 2009/04//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Apr 2009
SP  - 624
EP  - 631
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Chemicals
KW  - Bioindicators
KW  - Bioassays
KW  - Biochemistry
KW  - relative abundance
KW  - Fish
KW  - steroids
KW  - Hormones
KW  - estrogens
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Direct+Effects%2C+Compensation%2C+and+Recovery+in+Female+Fathead+Minnows+Exposed+to+a+Model+Aromatase+Inhibitor&rft.au=Villeneuve%2C+Daniel+L%3BMueller%2C+Nathaniel+D%3BMartinovic%2C+Dalma%3BMakynen%2C+Elizabeth+A%3BKahl%2C+Michael+D%3BJensen%2C+Kathleen+M%3BDurhan%2C+Elizabeth+J%3BCavallin%2C+Jenna+E%3BBencic%2C+David%3BAnkley%2C+Gerald+T&rft.aulast=Villeneuve&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=624&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bioindicators; Chemicals; Bioassays; Biochemistry; relative abundance; Fish; steroids; Hormones; estrogens
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Toxicity of Tungsten Carbide and Cobalt-Doped Tungsten Carbide Nanoparticles in Mammalian Cells in Vitro
AN  - 21377536; 12116993
AB  - BACKGROUND: Tungsten carbide nanoparticles are being explored for their use in the manufacture of hard metals. To develop nanoparticles for broad applications, potential risks to human health and the environment should be evaluated and taken into consideration. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to assess the toxicity of well-characterized tungsten carbide (WC) and cobalt-doped tungsten carbide (WC-Co) nanoparticle suspensions in an array of mammalian cells. METHODS: We examined acute toxicity of WC and of WC-Co (10% weight content Co) nanoparticles in different human cell lines (lung, skin, and colon) as well as in rat neuronal and glial cells (i.e., primary neuronal and astroglial cultures and the oligodendrocyte precursor cell line OLN-93). Furthermore, using electron microscopy, we assessed whether nanoparticles can be taken up by living cells. We chose these in vitro systems in order to evaluate for potential toxicity of the nanoparticles in different mammalian organs (i.e., lung, skin, intestine, and brain). RESULTS: Chemical-physical characterization confirmed that WC as well as WC-Co nanoparticles with a mean particle size of 145 nm form stable suspensions in serum-containing cell culture media. WC nanoparticles were not acutely toxic to the studied cell lines. However, cytotoxicity became apparent when particles were doped with Co. The most sensitive were astrocytes and colon epithelial cells. Cytotoxicity of WC-Co nanoparticles was higher than expected based on the ionic Co content of the particles. Analysis by electron microscopy demonstrated presence of WC nanoparticles within mammalian cells. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings demonstrate that doping of WC nanoparticles with Co markedly increases their cytotoxic effect and that the presence of WC-Co in particulate form is essential to elicit this combinatorial effect.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Bastian, Susanne
AU  - Busch, Wibke
AU  - Kuehnel, Dana
AU  - Springer, Armin
AU  - Meissner, Tobias
AU  - Holke, Roland
AU  - Scholz, Stefan
AU  - Iwe, Maria
AU  - Pompe, Wolfgang
AU  - Gelinsky, Michael
AU  - Potthoff, Annegret
AU  - Richter, Volkmar
AU  - Ikonomidou, Chrysanthy
AU  - Schirmer, Kristin
Y1  - 2009/04//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Apr 2009
SP  - 530
EP  - 536
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Metals
KW  - Cytotoxicity
KW  - Skin
KW  - Lung
KW  - Microscopy
KW  - Brain
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - Particulates
KW  - Tungsten
KW  - ENA 21:Wildlife
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Toxicity+of+Tungsten+Carbide+and+Cobalt-Doped+Tungsten+Carbide+Nanoparticles+in+Mammalian+Cells+in+Vitro&rft.au=Bastian%2C+Susanne%3BBusch%2C+Wibke%3BKuehnel%2C+Dana%3BSpringer%2C+Armin%3BMeissner%2C+Tobias%3BHolke%2C+Roland%3BScholz%2C+Stefan%3BIwe%2C+Maria%3BPompe%2C+Wolfgang%3BGelinsky%2C+Michael%3BPotthoff%2C+Annegret%3BRichter%2C+Volkmar%3BIkonomidou%2C+Chrysanthy%3BSchirmer%2C+Kristin&rft.aulast=Bastian&rft.aufirst=Susanne&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=530&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Metals; Cytotoxicity; Skin; Lung; Microscopy; Brain; Particulates; Toxicity; Tungsten
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Persistent Organic Pollutant Residues in Human Fetal Liver and Placenta from Greater Montreal, Quebec: A Longitudinal Study from 1998 through 2006
AN  - 21377455; 12116983
AB  - BACKGROUND: There is general concern that persistent organic pollutants (POPs) found in the environment, wildlife, food, water, house dust, human tissues, and fluids may alter normal human physiologic activities (e.g., fetal development, immune and endocrine systems). Although the levels of some POPs [polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCs)] in these matrices have decreased after their ban, others [polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs)] have increased in recent years. OBJECTIVE: To determine the longitudinal trend of specific POPs in human fetal tissues for risk assessment purposes. METHODS: We analyzed early to mid-gestation fetal liver (n = 52) and placental (n = 60) tissues, obtained after elective abortions during 1998-2006, for selected PBDEs, PCBs, and OCs using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. RESULTS: Total PBDEs in fetal liver increased over time (mean +/- SE: 1998, 284.4 +/- 229.8 ng/g lipid; 2006, 1,607.7 +/- 605.9; p 0.03), whereas placental levels were generally lower, with no clear trend. Low levels of PCBs and OCs varied yearly, with no evident trend. The major analytes in 1998 were OCs (liver, 49%; placenta, 71%), whereas the major analytes in 2006 were PBDEs (liver, 89%; placenta, 98%). The 1998-2006 tissue PBDE congener profile is similar to that of DE-71, a commercial primarily pentabrominated diphenyl ether mixture manufactured in North America. CONCLUSIONS: Although commercial production of penta- and octa-brominated diphenyl ethers in North America was halted in 2004, their concentrations in fetal liver and placenta are now greater than the tissue burdens for the analyzed OCs and PCBs. Our findings also demonstrate that PBDEs accumulate within the fetal compartment at a very early stage in gestation.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Doucet, Josee
AU  - Tague, Brett
AU  - Arnold, Douglas L
AU  - Cooke, Gerard M
AU  - Hayward, Stephen
AU  - Goodyer, Cynthia G
Y1  - 2009/04//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Apr 2009
SP  - 605
EP  - 610
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Polybrominated diphenyl ethers
KW  - Canada, Quebec, Montreal
KW  - polybrominated diphenyl ethers
KW  - Canada, Quebec
KW  - Residues
KW  - persistent organic pollutants
KW  - Lipids
KW  - Liver
KW  - Ethers
KW  - PCB compounds
KW  - longitudinal studies
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Polybrominated diphenyl ethers; polybrominated diphenyl ethers; Residues; persistent organic pollutants; Lipids; Liver; Ethers; PCB compounds; longitudinal studies; Canada, Quebec, Montreal; Canada, Quebec
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Childhood Asthma and Environmental Exposures at Swimming Pools: State of the Science and Research Recommendations
AN  - 21375680; 12116997
AB  - OBJECTIVES: Recent studies have explored the potential for swimming pool disinfection by-products (DBPs), which are respiratory irritants, to cause asthma in young children. Here we describe the state of the science on methods for understanding children's exposure to DBPs and biologics at swimming pools and associations with new-onset childhood asthma and recommend a research agenda to improve our understanding of this issue. DATA SOURCES: A workshop was held in Leuven, Belgium, 21-23 August 2007, to evaluate the literature and to develop a research agenda to better understand children's exposures in the swimming pool environment and their potential associations with new-onset asthma. Participants, including clinicians, epidemiologists, exposure scientists, pool operations experts, and chemists, reviewed the literature, prepared background summaries, and held extensive discussions on the relevant published studies, knowledge of asthma characterization and exposures at swimming pools, and epidemiologic study designs. SYNTHESIS: Childhood swimming and new-onset childhood asthma have clear implications for public health. If attendance at indoor pools increases risk of childhood asthma, then concerns are warranted and action is necessary. If there is no such relationship, these concerns could unnecessarily deter children from indoor swimming and/or compromise water disinfection. CONCLUSIONS: Current evidence of an association between childhood swimming and new-onset asthma is suggestive but not conclusive. Important data gaps need to be filled, particularly in exposure assessment and characterization of asthma in the very young. Participants recommended that additional evaluations using a multidisciplinary approach are needed to determine whether a clear association exists.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Weisel, Clifford P
AU  - Richardson, Susan D
AU  - Nemery, Benoit
AU  - Aggazzotti, Gabriella
AU  - Baraldi, Eugenio
AU  - Blatchley, Ernest R
AU  - Blount, Benjamin C
AU  - Carlsen, Kai-Haakon
AU  - Eggleston, Peyton A
AU  - Frimmel, Fritz H
AU  - Goodman, Michael
AU  - Gordon, Gilbert
AU  - Grinshpun, Sergey A
AU  - Heederik, Dirk
AU  - Kogevinas, Manolis
AU  - LaKind, Judy S
AU  - Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J
AU  - Piper, Fontaine C
AU  - Sattar, Syed A
Y1  - 2009/04//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Apr 2009
SP  - 500
EP  - 507
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Water treatment
KW  - Recreation areas
KW  - Belgium
KW  - Reviews
KW  - Byproducts
KW  - Asthma
KW  - Swimming pools
KW  - Respiratory diseases
KW  - Children
KW  - Public health
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Water treatment; Recreation areas; Reviews; Byproducts; Asthma; Swimming pools; Respiratory diseases; Children; Public health; Belgium
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Cumulative Exposure to Lead in Relation to Cognitive Function in Older Women
AN  - 21375599; 12116987
AB  - BACKGROUND: Recent data indicate that chronic low-level exposure to lead is associated with accelerated declines in cognition in older age, but this has not been examined in women. OBJECTIVE: We examined biomarkers of lead exposure in relation to performance on a battery of cognitive tests among older women. METHODS: Patella and tibia bone lead--measures of cumulative exposure over many years--and blood lead, a measure of recent exposure, were assessed in 587 women 47-74 years of age. We assessed their cognitive function 5 years later using validated telephone interviews. RESULTS: Mean +/- SD lead levels in tibia, patella, and blood were 10.5 +/- 9.7 microg/g bone, 12.6 +/- 11.6 microg/g bone, and 2.9 +/- 1.9 microg/dL, respectively, consistent with community-level exposures. In multivariable-adjusted analyses of all cognitive tests combined, levels of all three lead biomarkers were associated with worse cognitive performance. The association between bone lead and letter fluency score differed dramatically from the other bone lead-cognitive score associations, and exclusion of this particular score from the combined analyses strengthened the associations between bone lead and cognitive performance. Results were statistically significant only for tibia lead: one SD increase in tibia lead corresponded to a 0.051-unit lower standardized summary cognitive score (95% confidence interval: -0.099 to -0.003; p = 0.04), similar to the difference in cognitive scores we observed between women who were 3 years apart in age. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that cumulative exposure to lead, even at low levels experienced in community settings, may have adverse consequences for women's cognition in older age.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Weuve, Jennifer
AU  - Korrick, Susan A
AU  - Weisskopf, Marc A
AU  - Ryan, Louise M
AU  - Schwartz, Joel
AU  - Nie, Huiling
AU  - Grodstein, Francine
AU  - Hu, Howard
Y1  - 2009/04//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Apr 2009
SP  - 574
EP  - 580
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Bone
KW  - Bioindicators
KW  - Age
KW  - cognitive ability
KW  - Standards
KW  - Females
KW  - Lead
KW  - Blood levels
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21375599?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Cumulative+Exposure+to+Lead+in+Relation+to+Cognitive+Function+in+Older+Women&rft.au=Weuve%2C+Jennifer%3BKorrick%2C+Susan+A%3BWeisskopf%2C+Marc+A%3BRyan%2C+Louise+M%3BSchwartz%2C+Joel%3BNie%2C+Huiling%3BGrodstein%2C+Francine%3BHu%2C+Howard&rft.aulast=Weuve&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=574&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bioindicators; Bone; Age; cognitive ability; Standards; Females; Lead; Blood levels
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - A New Spin on Research Translation: The Boston Consensus Conference on Human Biomonitoring
AN  - 21362706; 12116998
AB  - BACKGROUND: Translating research to make it more understandable and effective (research translation) has been declared a priority in environmental health but does not always include communication to the public or residents of communities affected by environmental hazards. Their unique perspectives are also commonly missing from discussions about science and technology policy. The consensus conference process, developed in Denmark, offers a way to address this gap. OBJECTIVES: The Boston Consensus Conference on Human Biomonitoring, held in Boston, Massachusetts, in the fall of 2006, was designed to educate and elicit input from 15 Boston-area residents on the scientifically complex topic of human biomonitoring for environmental chemicals. This lay panel considered the many ethical, legal, and scientific issues surrounding biomonitoring and prepared a report expressing their views. DISCUSSION: The lay panel's findings provide a distinct and important voice on the expanding use of biomonitoring. In some cases, such as a call for opt-in reporting of biomonitoring results to study participants, they mirror recommendations raised elsewhere. Other conclusions have not been heard previously, including the recommendation that an individual's results should be statutorily exempted from the medical record unless permission is granted, and the opportunity to use biomonitoring data to stimulate green chemistry. CONCLUSION: The consensus conference model addresses both aspects of a broader conception of research translation: engaging the public in scientific questions, and bringing their unique perspectives to bear on public health research, practice, and policy. In this specific application, a lay panel's recommendations on biomonitoring surveillance, communication, and ethics have practical implications for the conduct of biomonitoring studies and surveillance programs.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Nelson, Jessica W
AU  - Scammell, Madeleine Kangsen
AU  - Altman, Rebecca Gasior
AU  - Webster, Thomas F
AU  - Ozonoff, David M
Y1  - 2009/04//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Apr 2009
SP  - 495
EP  - 499
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - USA, Massachusetts, Boston
KW  - Bioindicators
KW  - Chemicals
KW  - Communications
KW  - Conferences
KW  - Ethics
KW  - technology policy
KW  - Environmental health
KW  - Denmark
KW  - green development
KW  - Public health
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chemicals; Bioindicators; Communications; Conferences; technology policy; Ethics; Environmental health; green development; Public health; USA, Massachusetts, Boston; Denmark
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Predicting Chronic Fine and Coarse Particulate Exposures Using Spatiotemporal Models for the Northeastern and Midwestern United States
AN  - 21362680; 12116994
AB  - BACKGROUND: Chronic epidemiologic studies of particulate matter (PM) are limited by the lack of monitoring data, relying instead on citywide ambient concentrations to estimate exposures. This method ignores within-city spatial gradients and restricts studies to areas with nearby monitoring data. This lack of data is particularly restrictive for fine particles (PM with aerodynamic diameter 2.5 microm; PM(2.5)) and coarse particles (PM with aerodynamic diameter 2.5-10 microm; PM(10-2.5)), for which monitoring is limited before 1999. To address these limitations, we developed spatiotemporal models to predict monthly outdoor PM(2.5) and PM(10-2.5) concentrations for the northeastern and midwestern United States. METHODS: For PM(2.5), we developed models for two periods: 1988-1998 and 1999-2002. Both models included smooth spatial and regression terms of geographic information system-based and meteorologic predictors. To compensate for sparse monitoring data, the pre-1999 model also included predicted PM(10) (PM with aerodynamic diameter 10 microm) and extinction coefficients (km(-1)). PM(10-2.5) levels were estimated as the difference in monthly predicted PM(10) and PM(2.5), with predicted PM(10) from our previously developed PM(10) model. RESULTS: Predictive performance for PM(2.5) was strong (cross-validation R2 = 0.77 and 0.69 for post-1999 and pre-1999 PM(2.5) models, respectively) with high precision (2.2 and 2.7 microg/m3, respectively). Models performed well irrespective of population density and season. Predictive performance for PM(10-2.5) was weaker (cross-validation R2 = 0.39) with lower precision (5.5 microg/m3). PM(10-2.5) levels exhibited greater local spatial variability than PM(10) or PM(2.5), suggesting that PM(2.5) measurements at ambient monitoring sites are more representative for surrounding populations than for PM(10) and especially PM(10-2.5). CONCLUSIONS: We provide semiempirical models to predict spatially and temporally resolved long-term average outdoor concentrations of PM(2.5) and PM(10-2.5) for estimating exposures of populations living in the northeastern and midwestern United States.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Yanosky, Jeff D
AU  - Paciorek, Christopher J
AU  - Suh, Helen H
Y1  - 2009/04//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Apr 2009
SP  - 522
EP  - 529
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - USA
KW  - Aerodynamics
KW  - Population density
KW  - extinction
KW  - Particulates
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21362680?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Predicting+Chronic+Fine+and+Coarse+Particulate+Exposures+Using+Spatiotemporal+Models+for+the+Northeastern+and+Midwestern+United+States&rft.au=Yanosky%2C+Jeff+D%3BPaciorek%2C+Christopher+J%3BSuh%2C+Helen+H&rft.aulast=Yanosky&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=522&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aerodynamics; Population density; extinction; Particulates; USA
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Oxidative and Excitatory Mechanisms of Developmental Neurotoxicity: Transcriptional Profiles for Chlorpyrifos, Diazinon, Dieldrin, and Divalent Nickel in PC12 Cells
AN  - 21362623; 12116985
AB  - BACKGROUND: Oxidative stress and excitotoxicity underlie the developmental neurotoxicity of numerous chemicals. OBJECTIVES: We compared the effects of organophosphates (chlorpyrifos and diazinon), an organo-chlorine (dieldrin), and a metal [divalent nickel (Ni2+)] to determine how these mechanisms contribute to similar or dissimilar neurotoxic outcomes. METHODS: We used PC12 cells as a model of developing neurons and evaluated transcriptional profiles for genes for oxidative stress responses and glutamate receptors. RESULTS: Chlorpyrifos had a greater effect on oxidative-stress-related genes in differentiating cells compared with the undifferentiated state. Chlorpyrifos and diazinon showed significant concordance in their effects on glutathione-related genes, but they were negatively correlated for effects on catalase and superoxide dismutase isoforms and had no concordance for effects on ionotropic glutamate receptors. Surprisingly, the correlations were stronger between diazinon and dieldrin than between the two organophosphates. The effects of Ni2+ were the least similar for genes related to oxidative stress but had significant concordance with dieldrin for effects on glutamate receptors. CONCLUSIONS: Our results point to underlying mechanisms by which different organophosphates produce disparate neurotoxic outcomes despite their shared property as cholinesterase inhibitors. Further, apparently unrelated neurotoxicants may produce similar outcomes because of convergence on oxidative stress and excitotoxicity. The combined use of cell cultures and microarrays points to specific end points that can distinguish similarities and disparities in the effects of diverse developmental neurotoxicants.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Slotkin, Theodore A
AU  - Seidler, Frederic J
Y1  - 2009/04//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Apr 2009
SP  - 587
EP  - 596
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Chlorpyrifos
KW  - Organophosphates
KW  - Dieldrin
KW  - Pesticides
KW  - Nickel
KW  - Neurotoxicity
KW  - Cholinesterase
KW  - Diazinon
KW  - oxidative stress
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21362623?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Oxidative+and+Excitatory+Mechanisms+of+Developmental+Neurotoxicity%3A+Transcriptional+Profiles+for+Chlorpyrifos%2C+Diazinon%2C+Dieldrin%2C+and+Divalent+Nickel+in+PC12+Cells&rft.au=Slotkin%2C+Theodore+A%3BSeidler%2C+Frederic+J&rft.aulast=Slotkin&rft.aufirst=Theodore&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=587&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chlorpyrifos; Organophosphates; Neurotoxicity; Nickel; Pesticides; Dieldrin; Cholinesterase; Diazinon; oxidative stress
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Exposure to Bisphenol A and Other Phenols in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Premature Infants
AN  - 21362601; 12116978
AB  - OBJECTIVE: We previously demonstrated that exposure to polyvinyl chloride plastic medical devices containing di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) was associated with higher urinary concentrations of several DEHP metabolites in 54 premature infants in two neonatal intensive care units than in the general population. For 42 of these infants, we evaluated urinary concentrations of several phenols, including bisphenol A (BPA), in association with the use of the same medical devices. MEASUREMENTS: We measured the urinary concentrations of free and total (free plus conjugated) species of BPA, triclosan, benzophenone-3, methyl paraben, and propyl paraben. RESULTS: The percentage of BPA present as its conjugated species was 90% in more than three-quarters of the premature infants. Intensity of use of products containing DEHP was strongly associated with BPA total concentrations but not with any other phenol. Adjusting for institution and sex, BPA total concentrations among infants in the group of high use of DEHP-containing products were 8.75 times as high as among infants in the low use group (p 0.0001). Similarly, after adjusting for sex and DEHP-containing product use category, BPA total concentrations among infants in Institution A were 16.6 times as high as those among infants in Institution B (p 0.0001). CONCLUSION: BPA geometric mean urinary concentration (30.3 microg/L) among premature infants undergoing intensive therapeutic medical interventions was one order of magnitude higher than that among the general population. Conjugated species were the primary urinary metabolites of BPA, suggesting that premature infants have some capacity to metabolize BPA. The differences in exposure to BPA by intensity of use of DEHP-containing medical products highlight the need for further studies to determine the specific source(s) of exposure to BPA.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Calafat, Antonia M
AU  - Weuve, Jennifer
AU  - Ye, Xiaoyun
AU  - Jia, Lily T
AU  - Hu, Howard
AU  - Ringer, Steven
AU  - Huttner, Ken
AU  - Hauser, Russ
Y1  - 2009/04//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Apr 2009
SP  - 639
EP  - 644
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - bisphenol A
KW  - Urine
KW  - medical equipment
KW  - Chlorides
KW  - Metabolites
KW  - Neonates
KW  - Phenols
KW  - Infants
KW  - intensive care units
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bisphenol A; Urine; medical equipment; Chlorides; Metabolites; Neonates; Phenols; intensive care units; Infants
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Time- and Dose-Related Effects of Di-(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate and Its Main Metabolites on the Function of the Rat Fetal Testis in Vitro
AN  - 21357532; 12116995
AB  - BACKGROUND: Endocrine-disrupting effects of phthalates are understood primarily from in utero exposures within the fetal rat testis. Nevertheless, their path of action, dose-response character, and cellular target(s) within the fetal testis are not known. OBJECTIVES: In this study we investigated the effects of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP), and several of their metabolites on the development of organo-cultured testes from rat fetus. METHODS: We removed testes from 14.5-day-old rat fetuses and cultured them for 1-3 days with or without DEHP, MEHP, and the metabolites. RESULTS: DEHP (10(-5) M) produced a proandrogenic effect after 3 days of culture, whereas MEHP disrupted testis morphology and function. Leydig cells were the first affected by MEHP, with a number of them being inappropriately located within some seminiferous tubules. Additionally, we found a time- and dose-dependent reduction of testosterone. By 48 hr, gonocyte proliferation had decreased, whereas apoptosis increased. Sertoli cell number was unaffected, although some cells appeared vacuolated, and production of anti-Muellerian hormone decreased in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The derived metabolite mono-(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate was the only one to cause deleterious effects to the rat fetal testis in vitro. CONCLUSION: We hope that this in vitro method will facilitate the study of different phthalate esters and other endocrine disruptors for direct testicular effects.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Chauvigne, Francois
AU  - Menuet, Arnaud
AU  - Lesne, Laurianne
AU  - Chagnon, Marie-Christine
AU  - Chevrier, Cecile
AU  - Regnier, Jean-Francois
AU  - Angerer, Juergen
AU  - Jegou, Bernard
Y1  - 2009/04//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Apr 2009
SP  - 515
EP  - 521
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - phthalates
KW  - Prenatal experience
KW  - endocrine disruptors
KW  - Dose-response effects
KW  - Morphology
KW  - Metabolites
KW  - Esters
KW  - Hormones
KW  - Fetuses
KW  - ENA 07:General
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Time-+and+Dose-Related+Effects+of+Di-%282-ethylhexyl%29+Phthalate+and+Its+Main+Metabolites+on+the+Function+of+the+Rat+Fetal+Testis+in+Vitro&rft.au=Chauvigne%2C+Francois%3BMenuet%2C+Arnaud%3BLesne%2C+Laurianne%3BChagnon%2C+Marie-Christine%3BChevrier%2C+Cecile%3BRegnier%2C+Jean-Francois%3BAngerer%2C+Juergen%3BJegou%2C+Bernard&rft.aulast=Chauvigne&rft.aufirst=Francois&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=515&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - phthalates; Prenatal experience; endocrine disruptors; Dose-response effects; Morphology; Metabolites; Esters; Hormones; Fetuses
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Cancer Incidence among Pesticide Applicators Exposed to Permethrin in the Agricultural Health Study
AN  - 21357509; 12116986
AB  - BACKGROUND: Permethrin is a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide widely used in agriculture, in public health, and in many U.S. homes and gardens. OBJECTIVE: In this study we evaluated the incidence of cancer among pesticide applicators exposed to permethrin in the Agricultural Health Study (AHS). METHODS: A total of 49,093 pesticide applicators were included in this analysis of the AHS, a prospective cohort study of licensed pesticide applicators in Iowa and North Carolina. Detailed information on pesticide exposure and lifestyle factors was obtained from self-administered questionnaires completed in 1993-1997. Average length of follow-up since applicator enrollment in the cohort was 9.14 years. We used two permethrin exposure metrics: a) lifetime days applicators personally mixed or applied permethrin and b) intensity-weighted lifetime days (lifetime days weighted by estimated intensity of exposure). We used Poisson regression analysis to estimate relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for malignancies by tertiles of exposure. RESULTS: We found no associations between permethrin and all malignant neoplasms combined, or between permethrin and melanoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, leukemia, or cancers of the colon, rectum, lung, or prostate. We found elevated and statistically significant risks for multiple myeloma in the highest tertiles of both lifetime exposure-days (RR = 5.72; 95% CI, 2.76-11.87) and intensity-weighted lifetime exposure-days (RR = 5.01; 95% CI, 2.41-10.42), compared with applicators reporting they never used permethrin; these results are based on only 15 exposed cases. These findings were similar across a variety of alternative exposure metrics, exposure categories, and reference groups. CONCLUSIONS: This study found no association with most cancers analyzed. Although the suggested association with multiple myeloma was based on a small number of cases, it warrants further evaluation.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Rusiecki, Jennifer A
AU  - Patel, Rahulkumar
AU  - Koutros, Stella
AU  - Beane-Freeman, Laura
AU  - Landgren, Ola
AU  - Bonner, Matthew R
AU  - Coble, Joseph
AU  - Lubin, Jay
AU  - Blair, Aaron
AU  - Hoppin, Jane A
AU  - Alavanja, Michael C R
Y1  - 2009/04//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Apr 2009
SP  - 581
EP  - 586
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - USA, North Carolina
KW  - Leukemia
KW  - Insecticides
KW  - USA, Iowa
KW  - multiple myeloma
KW  - Pesticides
KW  - permethrin
KW  - agriculture
KW  - melanoma
KW  - Cancer
KW  - Public health
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Cancer+Incidence+among+Pesticide+Applicators+Exposed+to+Permethrin+in+the+Agricultural+Health+Study&rft.au=Rusiecki%2C+Jennifer+A%3BPatel%2C+Rahulkumar%3BKoutros%2C+Stella%3BBeane-Freeman%2C+Laura%3BLandgren%2C+Ola%3BBonner%2C+Matthew+R%3BCoble%2C+Joseph%3BLubin%2C+Jay%3BBlair%2C+Aaron%3BHoppin%2C+Jane+A%3BAlavanja%2C+Michael+C+R&rft.aulast=Rusiecki&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=581&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Leukemia; Insecticides; multiple myeloma; Pesticides; agriculture; permethrin; melanoma; Cancer; Public health; USA, North Carolina; USA, Iowa
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Sex Ratio and Gut Contents of the Deep-sea Harpacticoid Neocervinia itoi and Other Cerviniids: A Possibility of Reduced Foraging among Males
AN  - 21081765; 11203849
AB  - We investigated the sex differences in the spatiotemporal distribution, body length, and gut contents of adult Neocervinia itoi, the most abundant cerviniid harpacticoid in Sagami Bay, Japan. Two other cerviniid species, Cerviniopsis sp. A and Cervinia bradyi, were also examined for comparison. The density of N. itoi tended to be higher at stations in or below sea bights with steep slopes in the bay, although there was no correlation between their distribution and chloroplastic pigment equivalent (CPE) in the sediment. In general, the sex ratio was strongly biased toward females in this species; the overall mean percentage of males was approximately 23% of adults. The sex ratio seemed to fluctuate temporally, even at the same site, although this fluctuation was not statistically significant. Comparisons of body size and sex ratio between the three species suggest that sampling bias was not the only cause for the observed skewed sex ratio. Distinct sex differences were observed in gut contents of N. itoi. Detritus-like gut contents were clearly observed in the urosomes of almost all females, whereas few males had gut contents. This result suggests that males do not forage during the adult stage. This non-feeding habit of males may result in a shorter lifespan than that of females and may be one cause of the skewed sex ratio. It remains unknown, however, whether this is a general trend among cerviniid species.
JF  - Journal of Crustacean Biology
AU  - Shimanaga, Motohiro
AU  - Lee, Wonchoel
AU  - Nomaki, Hidetaka
AU  - Iijima, Koichi
AD  - (MS) Aitsu Marine Station, Center for Marine Environment Studies, Kumamoto University, 6061 Aitsu, Matsushima, Kami-Amakusa, Kumamoto 861-6102, Japan, motohiro@gpo.kumamoto-u.ac.jp
Y1  - 2009/04//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Apr 2009
SP  - 183
EP  - 191
PB  - Crustacean Society
VL  - 29
IS  - 2
SN  - 0278-0372, 0278-0372
KW  - Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts
KW  - Marine
KW  - Cerviniopsis
KW  - Spatial distribution
KW  - Sex ratio
KW  - Temporal variations
KW  - Life span
KW  - Sex differences
KW  - Digestive tract
KW  - Body size
KW  - Neocervinia itoi
KW  - Sampling
KW  - Cervinia
KW  - Body length
KW  - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies
KW  - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Crustacean+Biology&rft.atitle=Sex+Ratio+and+Gut+Contents+of+the+Deep-sea+Harpacticoid+Neocervinia+itoi+and+Other+Cerviniids%3A+A+Possibility+of+Reduced+Foraging+among+Males&rft.au=Shimanaga%2C+Motohiro%3BLee%2C+Wonchoel%3BNomaki%2C+Hidetaka%3BIijima%2C+Koichi&rft.aulast=Shimanaga&rft.aufirst=Motohiro&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=183&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Crustacean+Biology&rft.issn=02780372&rft_id=info:doi/10.1651%2F08-3036R.1
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Neocervinia itoi; Cervinia; Cerviniopsis; Sex ratio; Digestive tract; Sex differences; Spatial distribution; Sampling; Body size; Life span; Body length; Temporal variations; Marine
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1651/08-3036R.1
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Contributions made by the system arrangement of Marine Environment Protection Law to the construction of environmental law system in China
AN  - 20755042; 9450783
AB  - By reviewing and the system arrangement of marine environment protection law, this article proved that the law made contributions to the construction of environmental law system in the system arrangement, such as the originality, the uniqueness and the pro-gressiveness up to now. This article described the situation that the law brought the systems of total amount control, fund, insurance and public interest action into environmental law system in China and improved the systems of environment impact assessment, environmental criteria, and emergency and so on.
JF  - Marine environmental science/Haiyang Huanjing Kexue. Dalian
AU  - Zhai, Y
AD  - Environmental Protection & Resources Consevation Committee, National People' s Congress, Beijing 100034, China
Y1  - 2009/04//
PY  - 2009
DA  - April 2009
SP  - 215
EP  - 217
PB  - Ocean Press, 1 Fuxingmenwai Street Beijing 100860 China
VL  - 28
IS  - 2
SN  - 1007-6336, 1007-6336
KW  - Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts
KW  - Marine
KW  - Environmental assessment
KW  - environmental law
KW  - Insurance
KW  - funds
KW  - Marine environment
KW  - Legal aspects
KW  - Emergencies
KW  - Environmental law
KW  - Environment management
KW  - Public concern
KW  - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development
KW  - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies
KW  - O 6080:Legal/Governmental
KW  - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20755042?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+environmental+science%2FHaiyang+Huanjing+Kexue.+Dalian&rft.atitle=Contributions+made+by+the+system+arrangement+of+Marine+Environment+Protection+Law+to+the+construction+of+environmental+law+system+in+China&rft.au=Zhai%2C+Y&rft.aulast=Zhai&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=215&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+environmental+science%2FHaiyang+Huanjing+Kexue.+Dalian&rft.issn=10076336&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-06-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-29
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environmental assessment; Legal aspects; Emergencies; Environment management; Marine environment; Environmental law; funds; environmental law; Insurance; Public concern; Marine
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Mid-infrared and near-infrared spectroscopic study of selected magnesium carbonate minerals containing ferric iron-Implications for the geosequestration of greenhouse gases
AN  - 20601697; 9301844
AB  - The proposal to remove greenhouse gases by pumping liquefied CO2 several kilometres below the ground implies that many carbonate containing minerals will be formed. Among these minerals brugnatellite and coalingite are probable. Two ferric ion bearing minerals brugnatellite and coalingite with a hydrotalcite-like structure have been characterised by a combination of infrared and near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy. The infrared spectra of the OH stretching region are characterised by OH and water stretching vibrations. Both the first and second fundamental overtones of these bands are observed in the NIR spectra in the 7030-7235 cm-1 and 10,490-10,570 cm-1 regions. Intense (CO3)2- symmetric and antisymmetric stretching vibrations support the concept that the carbonate ion is distorted. The position of the water bending vibration indicates the water is strongly hydrogen bonded in the mineral structure. Split NIR bands at around 8675 and 11,100 cm-1 indicate that some replacement of magnesium ions by ferrous ions in the mineral structure has occurred. Near-infrared spectroscopy is ideal for the assessment of the formation of carbonate minerals.
JF  - Spectrochimica Acta, Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy
AU  - Frost, Ray L
AU  - Reddy, B Jagannadha
AU  - Bahfenne, Silmarilly
AU  - Graham, Jessica
AD  - Inorganic Materials Research Program, School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia, r.frost@qut.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/04//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Apr 2009
SP  - 597
EP  - 604
PB  - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/]
VL  - 72
IS  - 3
SN  - 1386-1425, 1386-1425
KW  - Pollution Abstracts
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Minerals
KW  - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20601697?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Spectrochimica+Acta%2C+Part+A%3A+Molecular+and+Biomolecular+Spectroscopy&rft.atitle=Mid-infrared+and+near-infrared+spectroscopic+study+of+selected+magnesium+carbonate+minerals+containing+ferric+iron-Implications+for+the+geosequestration+of+greenhouse+gases&rft.au=Frost%2C+Ray+L%3BReddy%2C+B+Jagannadha%3BBahfenne%2C+Silmarilly%3BGraham%2C+Jessica&rft.aulast=Frost&rft.aufirst=Ray&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=597&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Spectrochimica+Acta%2C+Part+A%3A+Molecular+and+Biomolecular+Spectroscopy&rft.issn=13861425&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.saa.2008.10.043
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-09-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-02-21
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Minerals
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2008.10.043
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Anti-metabolic effects of Galanthus nivalis agglutinin and wheat germ agglutinin on nymphal stages of the common brown leafhopper using a novel artificial diet system
AN  - 20546827; 9257222
JF  - Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata
AU  - Trebicki, Piotr
AU  - Harding, Rob M
AU  - Powell, Kevin S
AD  - 1Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, Queensland, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, 4001, Australia, and
Y1  - 2009/04//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Apr 2009
SP  - 99
EP  - 105
PB  - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., Osney Mead
VL  - 131
IS  - 1
SN  - 0013-8703, 0013-8703
KW  - Entomology Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts
KW  - lectin
KW  - GNA
KW  - WGA
KW  - cowpea trypsin inhibitor
KW  - bioassay
KW  - Orosius orientalis
KW  - vector
KW  - oviposition
KW  - Homoptera
KW  - Cicadellidae
KW  - Agglutinins
KW  - Artificial diets
KW  - Galanthus nivalis
KW  - Wheat germ agglutinin
KW  - Z 05300:General
KW  - W 30930:Agricultural Applications
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20546827?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Entomologia+Experimentalis+et+Applicata&rft.atitle=Anti-metabolic+effects+of+Galanthus+nivalis+agglutinin+and+wheat+germ+agglutinin+on+nymphal+stages+of+the+common+brown+leafhopper+using+a+novel+artificial+diet+system&rft.au=Trebicki%2C+Piotr%3BHarding%2C+Rob+M%3BPowell%2C+Kevin+S&rft.aulast=Trebicki&rft.aufirst=Piotr&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=131&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=99&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Entomologia+Experimentalis+et+Applicata&rft.issn=00138703&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1570-7458.2009.00831.x
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-05-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agglutinins; Artificial diets; Wheat germ agglutinin; Galanthus nivalis
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1570-7458.2009.00831.x
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Porous silicon biosensors on the advance
AN  - 20478610; 9164888
AB  - Biosensor research is a rapidly expanding field with an immense market potential spanning a broad spectrum of applications including biomedical diagnostics, environmental monitoring, veterinary and food quality control. Porous silicon (pSi) is a nanostructured material poised to take centre stage in the biosensor development effort. This can be ascribed to the ease and speed of fabrication, remarkable optical and morphological properties of the material (including tuneable pore size and porosity), large internal surface area and the versatile surface chemistry. The past decade has, therefore, seen diverse proof-of-principle studies involving pSi-based optical and electrochemical transducers, which are highlighted here. We also provide comparative analysis of transducer sensitivity, robustness and susceptibility to interferences and cover strategies for sensitivity enhancement by means of signal amplification.
JF  - Trends in Biotechnology
AU  - Jane, A
AU  - Dronov, R
AU  - Hodges, A
AU  - Voelcker, N H
AD  - GPO Box 2100, nico.voelcker@flinders.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/04//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Apr 2009
SP  - 230
EP  - 239
PB  - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl]
VL  - 27
IS  - 4
SN  - 0167-7799, 0167-7799
KW  - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts
KW  - Biosensors
KW  - Environmental monitoring
KW  - Silicon
KW  - Reviews
KW  - Surface area
KW  - Porosity
KW  - Development
KW  - Food quality
KW  - W 30910:Imaging
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20478610?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Trends+in+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Porous+silicon+biosensors+on+the+advance&rft.au=Jane%2C+A%3BDronov%2C+R%3BHodges%2C+A%3BVoelcker%2C+N+H&rft.aulast=Jane&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=230&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Trends+in+Biotechnology&rft.issn=01677799&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.tibtech.2008.12.004
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-04-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environmental monitoring; Biosensors; Silicon; Surface area; Reviews; Porosity; Development; Food quality
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tibtech.2008.12.004
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - First-trimester prenatal sonographic diagnosis of omphalocele-exstrophy-imperforate anus-spinal defects complex
AN  - 20421046; 9094655
AB  - We describe a case of omphalocele-exstrophy-imperforate anus-spinal defects (OEIS) diagnosed at 13 weeks' gestation by ultrasound detection of a large multilocular ventral wall mass into which inserted the umbilical cord, and thoracic hemivertebrae with kyphoscoliosis. Subsequent sonographic examinations at 16 and 19 weeks revealed evolution of the ventral wall mass into a classic omphalocele. Clinicians should recognize the significance of a large multicystic ventral wall mass, which should lead to a search for other anomalies suggestive of OEIS complex.
JF  - Journal of Clinical Ultrasound
AU  - Wax, Joseph R
AU  - Pinette, Michael G
AU  - Smith, Rosemarie
AU  - Cartin, Angelina
AU  - Blackstone, Jacquelyn
AD  - Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maine Medical Center, 887 Congress Street, Suite 200, Portland, ME 04102, waxj@mmc.org
Y1  - 2009/04//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Apr 2009
SP  - 171
EP  - 174
PB  - John Wiley & Sons, Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD UK, [mailto:customer@wiley.co.uk], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/]
VL  - 37
IS  - 3
SN  - 0091-2751, 0091-2751
KW  - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts
KW  - Gestation
KW  - Thorax
KW  - Ultrasound
KW  - Umbilical cord
KW  - Evolution
KW  - W 30910:Imaging
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20421046?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Clinical+Ultrasound&rft.atitle=First-trimester+prenatal+sonographic+diagnosis+of+omphalocele-exstrophy-imperforate+anus-spinal+defects+complex&rft.au=Wax%2C+Joseph+R%3BPinette%2C+Michael+G%3BSmith%2C+Rosemarie%3BCartin%2C+Angelina%3BBlackstone%2C+Jacquelyn&rft.aulast=Wax&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=171&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Clinical+Ultrasound&rft.issn=00912751&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fjcu.20520
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-04-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Gestation; Thorax; Ultrasound; Evolution; Umbilical cord
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcu.20520
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Birth of mice from vitrified/warmed 2-cell embryos transported at a cold temperature
AN  - 20370444; 9055797
AB  - Cryopreservation of 2-cell embryos is an effective technology for storage of genetically engineered mouse strains. Transport of genetically engineered mice between laboratories has frequently been performed using such cryopreserved 2-cell embryos. However, the receiving laboratory requires proficient skills and special instruments to obtain live young from cryopreserved and transported embryos. Therefore, in this study, we tried to address the storage and transport of vitrified/warmed 2-cell embryos at a cold temperature. In cold storage experiments, the development rates of 2-cell embryos stored in M2 medium for 24, 48 and 72h into blastocysts were relatively high (83%, 63% and 43%, respectively). Although, 2-cell embryos stored in PB1 and mWM maintained the developmental potency for 24h, the rates were markedly decreased to low levels after 48h (PB1: 0%; mWM: 5%). In transport experiments, many pups were obtained from vitrified/warmed 2-cell embryos transported at a cold temperature in all receiving laboratories (incidence of successful development: 49%; 249/511). In summary, short-term storage and transport of vitrified/warmed 2-cell embryos in M2 medium at a cold temperature can maintain their ability to develop into live young.
JF  - Cryobiology
AU  - Takeo, T
AU  - Kaneko, T
AU  - Haruguchi, Y
AU  - Fukumoto, K
AU  - Machida, H
AU  - Koga, M
AU  - Nakagawa, Y
AU  - Takeshita, Y
AU  - Matsuguma, T
AU  - Tsuchiyama, S
AU  - Shimizu, N
AU  - Hasegawa, T
AU  - Goto, M
AU  - Miyachi, H
AU  - Anzai, M
AU  - Nakatsukasa, E
AU  - Nomaru, K
AU  - Nakagata, N
AD  - Center for Animal Resources and Development (CARD), Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan, nakagata@gpo.kumamoto-u.ac.jp
Y1  - 2009/04//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Apr 2009
SP  - 196
EP  - 202
PB  - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/]
VL  - 58
IS  - 2
SN  - 0011-2240, 0011-2240
KW  - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts
KW  - Temperature effects
KW  - Birth
KW  - Cold storage
KW  - blastocysts
KW  - Genetic engineering
KW  - Embryos
KW  - Cryopreservation
KW  - W 30945:Fermentation & Cell Culture
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20370444?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cryobiology&rft.atitle=Birth+of+mice+from+vitrified%2Fwarmed+2-cell+embryos+transported+at+a+cold+temperature&rft.au=Takeo%2C+T%3BKaneko%2C+T%3BHaruguchi%2C+Y%3BFukumoto%2C+K%3BMachida%2C+H%3BKoga%2C+M%3BNakagawa%2C+Y%3BTakeshita%2C+Y%3BMatsuguma%2C+T%3BTsuchiyama%2C+S%3BShimizu%2C+N%3BHasegawa%2C+T%3BGoto%2C+M%3BMiyachi%2C+H%3BAnzai%2C+M%3BNakatsukasa%2C+E%3BNomaru%2C+K%3BNakagata%2C+N&rft.aulast=Takeo&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=196&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cryobiology&rft.issn=00112240&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.cryobiol.2008.12.011
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Birth; Temperature effects; Cold storage; blastocysts; Genetic engineering; Embryos; Cryopreservation
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cryobiol.2008.12.011
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Altered chain-length and glycosylation modify the pharmacokinetics of human serum albumin
AN  - 1823946426; 15118837
AB  - Human serum albumin with modified plasma half-life will be useful for clinical purposes. Therefore, the pharmacokinetics of three of each of the following types of genetic variants, and of their corresponding normal albumin, were examined in mice: N-terminally elongated, C-terminally truncated and glycosylated albumins. Isoforms differing from the normal protein by three or more amino acids, especially two of the truncated forms, had shorter half-lives. The effect of glycosylation depended on the position of attachment: in domain II it increased half-life, whereas in domain I and III it had no significant effect. Liver, kidney and spleen uptake clearances were also modified. The pronounced changes in half-life of the two truncated variants and the glycosylated isoform could be explained, at least partly, by large changes in organ uptakes; in the remaining six cases, different effects were registered. Such information should be useful when designing therapeutical albumin products for, e.g., drug delivery systems. In addition to various types of cell endocytosis, leading to intracellular destruction or recycling of the proteins, the metabolism of the alloalbumins could be affected by plasma enzymes. No correlation was found between mutation-induced changes in the pharmacokinetic parameters and changes in alpha -helical content or changes in heat stability as represented by Delta H sub(v.)
JF  - Biochimica et Biophysica Acta: Proteins and Proteomics
AU  - Iwao, Yasunori
AU  - Hiraike, Mikako
AU  - Kragh-Hansen, Ulrich
AU  - Kawai, Keiichi
AU  - Suenaga, Ayaka
AU  - Maruyama, Toru
AU  - Otagiri, Masaki
Y1  - 2009/04//
PY  - 2009
DA  - April 2009
SP  - 634
EP  - 641
PB  - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK
VL  - 1794
IS  - 4
SN  - 1570-9639, 1570-9639
KW  - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts
KW  - Human serum albumin
KW  - Genetic variant
KW  - Pharmacokinetics
KW  - Half-life
KW  - Hepatic uptake
KW  - Renal disposition
KW  - Spleen uptake
KW  - Drug delivery
KW  - Amino acids
KW  - Enzymes
KW  - Spleen
KW  - human serum albumin
KW  - Glycosylation
KW  - Endocytosis
KW  - Heat
KW  - Albumin
KW  - Liver
KW  - Kidney
KW  - Protein turnover
KW  - proteomics
KW  - Metabolism
KW  - W 30915:Pharmaceuticals & Vaccines
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1823946426?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochimica+et+Biophysica+Acta%3A+Proteins+and+Proteomics&rft.atitle=Altered+chain-length+and+glycosylation+modify+the+pharmacokinetics+of+human+serum+albumin&rft.au=Iwao%2C+Yasunori%3BHiraike%2C+Mikako%3BKragh-Hansen%2C+Ulrich%3BKawai%2C+Keiichi%3BSuenaga%2C+Ayaka%3BMaruyama%2C+Toru%3BOtagiri%2C+Masaki&rft.aulast=Iwao&rft.aufirst=Yasunori&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=1794&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=634&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochimica+et+Biophysica+Acta%3A+Proteins+and+Proteomics&rft.issn=15709639&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.bbapap.2008.11.022
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2016-09-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-10-12
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Drug delivery; Amino acids; human serum albumin; Spleen; Enzymes; Glycosylation; Pharmacokinetics; Endocytosis; Heat; Albumin; Kidney; Liver; Protein turnover; proteomics; Metabolism
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbapap.2008.11.022
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Structure-Activity-Dependent Regulation of Cell Communication by Perfluorinated Fatty Acids Using in vivo and in vitro Model Systems
AN  - 14019551; 10326596
AB  - Structure-activity-dependent regulation of cell communication by perfluorinated fatty acids using in vivo and in vitro model systems was evaluated. Perfluorinated fatty acids (PFFAs), such as perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), were found in the environment and detected in the blood of animals throughout the world, including the seals of remote arctic regions, indicating widespread distribution. The results showed that there were several mechanisms by which environmental compounds could promote an initiated cell, such as through peroxisome proliferator activated receptors or protein kinase C, the disruption of normal intercellular communication was an essential event of multiple tumorigenic mechanisms and served as a central biomarker to assess the epigenetic toxicity of contaminants.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Upham, Brad L
AU  - Park, Joon-Suk
AU  - Babica, Pavel
AU  - Sovadinova, Iva
AU  - Rummel, Alisa M
AU  - Trosko, James E
AU  - Hirose, Akihiko
Y1  - 2009/04//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Apr 2009
SP  - 545
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 117
IS  - 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - PROTEIN
KW  - ANTIOXIDANTS
KW  - CHEMICAL CONTAMINATION
KW  - FATTY ACIDS
KW  - TOXICOLOGY
KW  - BLOOD ANALYSIS
KW  - ENZYMES
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14019551?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Structure-Activity-Dependent+Regulation+of+Cell+Communication+by+Perfluorinated+Fatty+Acids+Using+in+vivo+and+in+vitro+Model+Systems&rft.au=Upham%2C+Brad+L%3BPark%2C+Joon-Suk%3BBabica%2C+Pavel%3BSovadinova%2C+Iva%3BRummel%2C+Alisa+M%3BTrosko%2C+James+E%3BHirose%2C+Akihiko&rft.aulast=Upham&rft.aufirst=Brad&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=545&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 1 |t diagrams
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - BLOOD ANALYSIS; PROTEIN; ENZYMES; ANTIOXIDANTS; CHEMICAL CONTAMINATION; FATTY ACIDS; TOXICOLOGY
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Preparing for Clmate Change: A Perspective from Local Public Health Officers in California
AN  - 14018127; 10326597
AB  - The impact of climate change on public health is estimated. The increase in temperatures can lead to increases in air pollution, changes in vector- and water-borne disease occurrence, and other issues that can pose risks to public health. The challenge to the public health community can be to respond to the general change in climate as well as to be prepared for potential increases in the incidence of extreme events such as heat waves or wildfires. Water- and food-borne illness, two areas that tend to be well under control, rank among the lowest levels of concern. The results also provide insight into how prepared local health officers feel to manage the risks to public health posed by a changing climate.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Bedsworth, Louise
Y1  - 2009/04//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Apr 2009
SP  - 617
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 117
IS  - 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - WILDFIRES
KW  - PUBLIC HEALTH
KW  - CLIMATE CHANGE
KW  - RISK ASSESSMENT
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE
KW  - DISEASES AND DISORDERS
KW  - AIR POLLUTION CONTROL
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14018127?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Preparing+for+Clmate+Change%3A+A+Perspective+from+Local+Public+Health+Officers+in+California&rft.au=Bedsworth%2C+Louise&rft.aulast=Bedsworth&rft.aufirst=Louise&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=617&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 3 |t graphs
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; WILDFIRES; ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE; DISEASES AND DISORDERS; PUBLIC HEALTH; CLIMATE CHANGE; AIR POLLUTION CONTROL
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Direct Impairment of Vascular Function by Diesel Exhaust Particulate Through Reduced Bioavailability of Endothelium-Derived Nitric Oxide Induced by Superoxide Free Radicals
AN  - 14017843; 10326127
AB  - Direct impairment of vascular function by diesel exhaust particulate (DEP) through reduced bioavailability of endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO) induced by superoxide free radicals was investigated. Particulate matter (PM) from air pollution was associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Diesel exhaust emissions were the major source of PM sub(2.5) in urban environments, and although they contributed little to the mass of ambient PM, they produced a huge burden in terms of particle numbers. In blood vessels, particularly conduit arteries, NO was a key dilator molecule and of considerable importance both in cardiovascular physiology and in pathophysiology. The results from photon correlation spectroscopy confirmed that mean diameter of DEP aggregates suspended in Krebs buffer was < 1 mu m. It was concluded that there was an urgent need to identify the toxic components of combustion-derived nanoparticles.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Miller, Mark R
AU  - Borthwick, Stephen J
AU  - Shaw, Catherine A
AU  - McLean, Steven G
AU  - McClure, Daniel
AU  - Mills, Nicholas L
AU  - Duffin, Rodger
Y1  - 2009/04//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Apr 2009
SP  - 611
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 117
IS  - 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - DIESEL ENGINES
KW  - AIR POLLUTION
KW  - AUTOMOBILE EMISSIONS
KW  - PARTICULATES
KW  - MORTALITY PATTERNS
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - NITRIC OXIDE
KW  - CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14017843?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Direct+Impairment+of+Vascular+Function+by+Diesel+Exhaust+Particulate+Through+Reduced+Bioavailability+of+Endothelium-Derived+Nitric+Oxide+Induced+by+Superoxide+Free+Radicals&rft.au=Miller%2C+Mark+R%3BBorthwick%2C+Stephen+J%3BShaw%2C+Catherine+A%3BMcLean%2C+Steven+G%3BMcClure%2C+Daniel%3BMills%2C+Nicholas+L%3BDuffin%2C+Rodger&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=611&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 15 |t graphs
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - DIESEL ENGINES; AIR POLLUTION; AUTOMOBILE EMISSIONS; MORTALITY PATTERNS; OXYGEN; NITRIC OXIDE; PARTICULATES; CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Impacts of Climate Change on Indirect Human Exposure to Pathogens and Chemicals from Agriculture
AN  - 14014616; 10326594
AB  - The impacts of climate change on indirect human exposure to pathogens and chemicals from agriculture are analyzed. Weather and climate factors are known to affect the transmission of water- and vector-borne infectious diseases as well as the transport of chemicals around the environment. It is observed that climate change and other drivers are likely to reduce the use of nutrient inputs in agriculture, but it is possible that intensification of agriculture in some areas results in localized increases. The results show that the sources of chemicals and pathogens of agricultural origin are likely to vary in the future because of climate and nonclimate factors.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Boxall, Alistair BA
AU  - Hardy, Anthony
AU  - Beulke, Sabine
AU  - Boucard, Tatiana
AU  - Burgin, Laura
AU  - Falloon, Peter D
AU  - Haygarth, Philip M
Y1  - 2009/04//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Apr 2009
SP  - 508
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 117
IS  - 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - NUTRIENTS
KW  - PUBLIC HEALTH
KW  - AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS
KW  - CLIMATE CHANGE
KW  - TOXICOLOGY
KW  - RISK ASSESSMENT
KW  - DISEASES AND DISORDERS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14014616?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Impacts+of+Climate+Change+on+Indirect+Human+Exposure+to+Pathogens+and+Chemicals+from+Agriculture&rft.au=Boxall%2C+Alistair+BA%3BHardy%2C+Anthony%3BBeulke%2C+Sabine%3BBoucard%2C+Tatiana%3BBurgin%2C+Laura%3BFalloon%2C+Peter+D%3BHaygarth%2C+Philip+M&rft.aulast=Boxall&rft.aufirst=Alistair&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=508&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 2 |t diagrams
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; NUTRIENTS; DISEASES AND DISORDERS; PUBLIC HEALTH; AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS; CLIMATE CHANGE; TOXICOLOGY
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Preparing for Climate Change: A Perspective from Local Public Health Officers in California
AN  - 14013076; 10326128
AB  - The effects of climate change on public health were assessed. In addition to efforts to lessen climate impacts, it was also necessary to take steps to adapt to some amount of climate change. Because of the spatial variation, the task of coping with the effects of climate change fell heavily on local government agencies. The results from the survey showed that almost all, 94 percent of respondents indicated that their agency provided public education about vector control. It was concluded that the survey results indicated that local health officers felt that climate change posed a large risk to public health but they lacked the information and resources needed to address these risks.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Bedsworth, Louise
Y1  - 2009/04//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Apr 2009
SP  - 617
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 117
IS  - 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - SENSITIVITY
KW  - PUBLIC HEALTH
KW  - SPATIAL COMPARISONS
KW  - CLIMATE CHANGE
KW  - SURVEYS
KW  - EDUCATION, PUBLIC
KW  - RISK ASSESSMENT
KW  - CALIFORNIA
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14013076?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Preparing+for+Climate+Change%3A+A+Perspective+from+Local+Public+Health+Officers+in+California&rft.au=Bedsworth%2C+Louise&rft.aulast=Bedsworth&rft.aufirst=Louise&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=617&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 3 |t graphs
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; CALIFORNIA; SENSITIVITY; PUBLIC HEALTH; SPATIAL COMPARISONS; CLIMATE CHANGE; EDUCATION, PUBLIC; SURVEYS
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Multifunctional Polymer Coatings for Cell Microarray Applications
AN  - 754548507; 13302951
AB  - Biocompatible coatings with suitable chemistries for the immobilization of biomolecules are increasingly in demand, as they can be applied in a wide range of biomedical applications. In particular, multifunctional polymer coatings displaying reactive functional groups for the immobilization of specific biological factors that can influence the cellular response while at the same time exhibiting low nonspecific protein adsorption and cell attachment properties have the potential to significantly advance the fields of biomaterials and regenerative medicine. In this study, multifunctional polymer surface chemistries were developed for a cell microarray application with the aim of screening cellular interactions with surface immobilized factors. Coatings were prepared by the deposition of an allylamine plasma polymer pinning layer followed by the deposition of random copolymers of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate (PEGMA). Coatings were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), infrared spectroscopy, ellipsometry, and contact angle measurements. A variety of proteins as well as synthetic polymers were printed onto copolymer-coated slides using a high-precision contact microarrayer. Printing conditions were optimized for a fluorescently labeled model protein in regard to the temperature, humidity, pin geometry, concentration, and pH of the printing solution. Finally, the suitability of the surface chemistry for the evaluation of cellular responses to surface immobilized factors in a microarray format was demonstrated using HeLa cells.
JF  - Biomacromolecules
AU  - Kurkuri, Mahaveer D
AU  - Driever, Chantelle
AU  - Johnson, Graham
AU  - McFarland, Gail
AU  - Thissen, Helmut
AU  - Voelcker, Nicolas H
AD  - School of Chemistry, Physics and Earth Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Bedford Park SA 5042, Australia, CSIRO Molecular and Health Technologies, Bayview Avenue, Clayton VIC 3168, Australia, CSIRO Molecular and Health Technologies, Riverside Corporate Park, 11 Julius Avenue, North Ryde NSW 2113, Australia, and CSIRO Food Futures Flagship, Riverside Corporate Park, 5 Julius Avenue, North Ryde NSW 2113, Australia
Y1  - 2009/03/30/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Mar 30
SP  - 1163
EP  - 1172
PB  - American Chemical Society, P.O. Box 182426 Columbus OH 43218-2426 USA
VL  - 10
IS  - 5
SN  - 1525-7797, 1525-7797
KW  - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts
KW  - Temperature effects
KW  - Printing
KW  - Humidity
KW  - Cell adhesion
KW  - I.R. spectroscopy
KW  - Ionizing radiation
KW  - Regeneration
KW  - Biomaterials
KW  - Copolymers
KW  - Adsorption
KW  - Photoelectron spectroscopy
KW  - pH effects
KW  - Immobilization
KW  - Coatings
KW  - W 30920:Tissue Engineering
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754548507?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biomacromolecules&rft.atitle=Multifunctional+Polymer+Coatings+for+Cell+Microarray+Applications&rft.au=Kurkuri%2C+Mahaveer+D%3BDriever%2C+Chantelle%3BJohnson%2C+Graham%3BMcFarland%2C+Gail%3BThissen%2C+Helmut%3BVoelcker%2C+Nicolas+H&rft.aulast=Kurkuri&rft.aufirst=Mahaveer&rft.date=2009-03-30&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1163&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biomacromolecules&rft.issn=15257797&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fbm801417s
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-05-27
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Printing; Humidity; Cell adhesion; I.R. spectroscopy; Ionizing radiation; Regeneration; Adsorption; Copolymers; Biomaterials; pH effects; Photoelectron spectroscopy; Immobilization; Coatings
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bm801417s
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - State, Foreign Operations Appropriations: A Guide to Component Accounts
AN  - 58832509; 2008-423486
AB  - The State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs appropriations legislation provides annual funding for most of the international affairs programs considered as part of the 150 International Affairs Budget Function; and the legislation serves as a vehicle for Congress to place conditions on the expenditure of those funds and express its views regarding certain foreign policy issues. This report briefly discusses the legislation generally and then provides a short description of the various funding accounts as they appear in Division H, "Department of State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 2009," of the Omnibus Appropriations Act, 2009 (P.L. 111-8). Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Mar 30 2009, 15 pp.
AU  - Tarnoff, Curt
AU  - Nakamura, Kennon H
Y1  - 2009/03/30/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Mar 30
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - International relations - International relief and humanitarian assistance
KW  - International relations - International relations
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Public finance
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Foreign operations
KW  - Appropriations and expenditures
KW  - Economic assistance
KW  - Budget, Government
KW  - Foreign relations
KW  - Legislation
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58832509?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Tarnoff%2C+Curt%3BNakamura%2C+Kennon+H&rft.aulast=Tarnoff&rft.aufirst=Curt&rft.date=2009-03-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=State%2C+Foreign+Operations+Appropriations%3A+A+Guide+to+Component+Accounts&rft.title=State%2C+Foreign+Operations+Appropriations%3A+A+Guide+to+Component+Accounts&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40482_20090330.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-02-03
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40482
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - CPAPER
T1  - Senate History Online: Enhanced Resources, New Challenges, Rich Rewards
T2  - 2009 Annual Meeting of the Organization of American Historians
AN  - 41692764; 4992519
JF  - 2009 Annual Meeting of the Organization of American Historians
AU  - Koed, Betty
Y1  - 2009/03/26/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Mar 26
KW  - Historical account
KW  - Reinforcement
KW  - U 7000:Multidisciplinary
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41692764?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2009+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Organization+of+American+Historians&rft.atitle=Senate+History+Online%3A+Enhanced+Resources%2C+New+Challenges%2C+Rich+Rewards&rft.au=Koed%2C+Betty&rft.aulast=Koed&rft.aufirst=Betty&rft.date=2009-03-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2009+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Organization+of+American+Historians&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://www.oah.org/2009/program/09program.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-07-17
N1  - Last updated - 2010-05-03
ER  - 



TY  - CPAPER
T1  - Bringing the History of the U.S. House of Representatives to the Web: Minorities in Congress, Oral History, and Institutional Memory
T2  - 2009 Annual Meeting of the Organization of American Historians
AN  - 41684039; 4992520
JF  - 2009 Annual Meeting of the Organization of American Historians
AU  - Johnson, Kathleen
Y1  - 2009/03/26/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Mar 26
KW  - USA
KW  - Historical account
KW  - Congress
KW  - Residential areas
KW  - Housing
KW  - Memory
KW  - U 7000:Multidisciplinary
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41684039?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2009+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Organization+of+American+Historians&rft.atitle=Bringing+the+History+of+the+U.S.+House+of+Representatives+to+the+Web%3A+Minorities+in+Congress%2C+Oral+History%2C+and+Institutional+Memory&rft.au=Johnson%2C+Kathleen&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Kathleen&rft.date=2009-03-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2009+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Organization+of+American+Historians&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://www.oah.org/2009/program/09program.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-07-17
N1  - Last updated - 2010-05-03
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Senate Rejections and Committee Votes Other than to Report Favorably, 1939-2009
AN  - 58842054; 2008-423487
AB  - Between 1939 and 2009, 19 US circuit or district court nominations received other than a favorable vote from the Senate, the Senate Judiciary Committee, or both -- with 6 (all to the district courts) in which the Senate voted to reject the nomination and 18 the Judiciary Committee voted other than to report favorably. This report lists the votes cast by the Judiciary Committee and the Senate on each of the 19 nominations and identifies senatorial courtesy, ideological disagreement, and concern over nominees' qualifications as among the circumstances that led to committee consideration of actions other than a favorable report. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Mar 24 2009, 11 pp.
AU  - Rutkus, Denis Steven
AU  - Smelcer, Susan Navarro
Y1  - 2009/03/24/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Mar 24
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Politics - Elections and voting
KW  - Administration of justice - Courts and judicial power
KW  - Culture and religion - Intellectual life
KW  - Politics - Politics and policy-making
KW  - United States
KW  - Courts
KW  - Judiciary
KW  - Nominations
KW  - Decision-making
KW  - Qualifications
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58842054?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Rutkus%2C+Denis+Steven%3BSmelcer%2C+Susan+Navarro&rft.aulast=Rutkus&rft.aufirst=Denis&rft.date=2009-03-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Senate+Rejections+and+Committee+Votes+Other+than+to+Report+Favorably%2C+1939-2009&rft.title=Senate+Rejections+and+Committee+Votes+Other+than+to+Report+Favorably%2C+1939-2009&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40470_20090324.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-02-03
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40470
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - A Government-Run "Public" Health Insurance Plan: Why Doctors, Hospitals, and Patients Will Lose
AN  - 58810060; 2008-283474
AB  - One of the most controversial proposals for health care reform is the creation of a new government-run public health insurance plan that would compete against private insurers like Blue Cross Blue Shield. This report explains why creating a new government-run plan will have dangerous consequences for doctors, hospitals, and Americans with private health insurance. Figures.
JF  - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee, Mar 24 2009, 10 pp.
AU  - United States Senate Republican Policy Committee
Y1  - 2009/03/24/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Mar 24
PB  - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee
KW  - Business and service sector - Insurance
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Health and health policy
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Hospitals and other health care facilities
KW  - United States
KW  - Blue Cross and Blue Shield Association
KW  - Health insurance
KW  - Health policy
KW  - Hospitals
KW  - Public health
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58810060?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=United+States+Senate+Republican+Policy+Committee&rft.aulast=United+States+Senate+Republican+Policy+Committee&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2009-03-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=A+Government-Run+%22Public%22+Health+Insurance+Plan%3A+Why+Doctors%2C+Hospitals%2C+and+Patients+Will+Lose&rft.title=A+Government-Run+%22Public%22+Health+Insurance+Plan%3A+Why+Doctors%2C+Hospitals%2C+and+Patients+Will+Lose&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://rpc.senate.gov/public/_files/032409GovernmentRunHealthInsurance.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-06-01
N1  - Publication note - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee, 2009
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - A Path to Ruin: President Obama's Budget Borrows Too Much
AN  - 58805178; 2008-283473
AB  - CBO forecasts a record 1.8 trillion dollars shortfall for this fiscal year, 13.1% of gross domestic product. President Obama's borrow, tax, and spend policies would raise government spending above historic levels even after the stimulus and the aid to buttress the financial system have ended. Figures.
JF  - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee, Mar 24 2009, 6 pp.
AU  - United States Senate Republican Policy Committee
Y1  - 2009/03/24/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Mar 24
PB  - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Public finance
KW  - Obama, Barack
KW  - United States
KW  - Budget, Government
KW  - Fiscal policy
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58805178?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=United+States+Senate+Republican+Policy+Committee&rft.aulast=United+States+Senate+Republican+Policy+Committee&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2009-03-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=A+Path+to+Ruin%3A+President+Obama%27s+Budget+Borrows+Too+Much&rft.title=A+Path+to+Ruin%3A+President+Obama%27s+Budget+Borrows+Too+Much&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://rpc.senate.gov/public/_files/032409ObamaBudgetPathtoRuin.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-06-01
N1  - Publication note - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee, 2009
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - CPAPER
T1  - Borehole Flow Modification: Developing a Simple Solution to a Complex Drinking Water Compliance Problem
T2  - 44th Annual Meeting of the Northeastern Section of Geological Society of America
AN  - 41798193; 5049029
JF  - 44th Annual Meeting of the Northeastern Section of Geological Society of America
AU  - Belaval, Marcel
AU  - Roy, Stephen
AU  - Mack, Thomas
AU  - Argue, Denise
AU  - Ayotte, Joseph
Y1  - 2009/03/22/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Mar 22
KW  - Compliance
KW  - Boreholes
KW  - Drinking water
KW  - U 2000:Biological Sciences
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41798193?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=44th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Northeastern+Section+of+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Borehole+Flow+Modification%3A+Developing+a+Simple+Solution+to+a+Complex+Drinking+Water+Compliance+Problem&rft.au=Belaval%2C+Marcel%3BRoy%2C+Stephen%3BMack%2C+Thomas%3BArgue%2C+Denise%3BAyotte%2C+Joseph&rft.aulast=Belaval&rft.aufirst=Marcel&rft.date=2009-03-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=44th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Northeastern+Section+of+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2009NE/finalprogram/2009-03-22.htm
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-07-17
N1  - Last updated - 2010-05-03
ER  - 



TY  - CPAPER
T1  - Access and Advocacy with Immigrants and Refugees: Legal, Ethical, and Practice Issues
T2  - 26th Annual Conference of the Association of Baccalaureate Social Work Program Directors, Inc. (BPD)
AN  - 41709251; 5023228
JF  - 26th Annual Conference of the Association of Baccalaureate Social Work Program Directors, Inc. (BPD)
AU  - Congress, Elaine
AU  - Chang-Muy, Fernando
Y1  - 2009/03/18/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Mar 18
KW  - Immigrants
KW  - Refugees
KW  - Ethics
KW  - U 7000:Multidisciplinary
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41709251?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=26th+Annual+Conference+of+the+Association+of+Baccalaureate+Social+Work+Program+Directors%2C+Inc.+%28BPD%29&rft.atitle=Access+and+Advocacy+with+Immigrants+and+Refugees%3A+Legal%2C+Ethical%2C+and+Practice+Issues&rft.au=Congress%2C+Elaine%3BChang-Muy%2C+Fernando&rft.aulast=Congress&rft.aufirst=Elaine&rft.date=2009-03-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=26th+Annual+Conference+of+the+Association+of+Baccalaureate+Social+Work+Program+Directors%2C+Inc.+%28BPD%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://www.bpdonline.org/BPD_Conference_09/AM/ContentManagerNet/Conten tDisplay.aspx?Section=BPD_Conference_09&ContentID=3616
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-07-17
N1  - Last updated - 2010-05-03
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Guns, Drugs, and Violence: The Mérida Initiative and the Challenge in Mexico
AN  - 1679099293; MD01691
AB  - Examines Mérida Initiative support for Mexican counternarcotics efforts, particularly through limiting flow of illegal firearms across border.
AU  - United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on the Western Hemisphere
AD  - United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on the Western Hemisphere
PY  - 2009
SP  - 112
KW  - Congressional hearings
KW  - Corruption
KW  - Criminal justice
KW  - Drug demand
KW  - Drug interdiction
KW  - Illicit arms trafficking
KW  - Laundering of funds
KW  - Mérida Initiative
KW  - Prisons
KW  - Violence
KW  - Smith, Christopher H.
KW  - Burton, Dan L.
KW  - Delahunt, William D.
KW  - McCaul, Michael T.
KW  - Giffords, Gabrielle
KW  - Jacobson, Roberta S.
KW  - Braun, Michael A.
KW  - Green, Gene
KW  - Rohrabacher, Dana
KW  - Violence Policy Center
KW  - Bilirakis, Gus M.
KW  - Sires, Albio
KW  - Engel, Eliot L.
KW  - Selee, Andrew
KW  - Johnson, David T.
KW  - Rand, M. Kristen
KW  - Mack, Connie
KW  - Smith, Christopher H.
KW  - Burton, Dan L.
KW  - Delahunt, William D.
KW  - McCaul, Michael T.
KW  - Giffords, Gabrielle
KW  - Jacobson, Roberta S.
KW  - Braun, Michael A.
KW  - Green, Gene
KW  - Rohrabacher, Dana
KW  - Violence Policy Center
KW  - Bilirakis, Gus M.
KW  - Sires, Albio
KW  - Engel, Eliot L.
KW  - Selee, Andrew
KW  - Johnson, David T.
KW  - Rand, M. Kristen
KW  - Mack, Connie
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1679099293?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Adnsa_md&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Guns%2C+Drugs%2C+and+Violence%3A+The+M%C3%A9rida+Initiative+and+the+Challenge+in+Mexico&rft.au=United+States.+Congress.+House.+Committee+on+Foreign+Affairs.+Subcommittee+on+the+Western+Hemisphere&rft.aulast=United+States.+Congress.+House.+Committee+on+Foreign+Affairs.+Subcommittee+on+the+Western+Hemisphere&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2009-03-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://www.gpo.gov/.
LA  - English
DB  - Digital National Security Archive
N1  - Name - United States. Department of Justice. Drug Enforcement Administration; United States. Department of State. Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs; United States. Department of State. Bureau of Western Hemisphere Affairs; Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars (Washington, D.C.). Mexico Institute
N1  - Analyte descriptor - NSA document type: Hearing; Location of original: Available [Online]: Government Printing Office
N1  - People - Bilirakis, Gus M.; Braun, Michael A.; Burton, Dan L.; Delahunt, William D.; Engel, Eliot L.; Giffords, Gabrielle; Green, Gene; Jacobson, Roberta S.; Johnson, David T.; Mack, Connie; McCaul, Michael T.; Rand, M. Kristen; Rohrabacher, Dana; Selee, Andrew; Sires, Albio; Smith, Christopher H.; Violence Policy Center
N1  - Last updated - 2015-06-16
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Taxing Success: President Obama's Tax Increases on Small Businesses Are Bad for Job Creation
AN  - 58808644; 2008-283476
AB  - President Obama's budget taxes too much by targeting small businesses that are responsible for a significant share of job creation. Although the Obama Administration has played down the impact of these tax increases by focusing on the percentage of taxpayers with small business income, small businesses targeted by these tax increases create a large number of small business jobs. Tables.
JF  - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee, Mar 17 2009, 6 pp.
AU  - United States Senate Republican Policy Committee
Y1  - 2009/03/17/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Mar 17
PB  - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee
KW  - Business and service sector - Business and business enterprises
KW  - Obama, Barack
KW  - United States
KW  - Small business
KW  - Tax policy
KW  - Budget
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58808644?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=United+States+Senate+Republican+Policy+Committee&rft.aulast=United+States+Senate+Republican+Policy+Committee&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2009-03-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Taxing+Success%3A+President+Obama%27s+Tax+Increases+on+Small+Businesses+Are+Bad+for+Job+Creation&rft.title=Taxing+Success%3A+President+Obama%27s+Tax+Increases+on+Small+Businesses+Are+Bad+for+Job+Creation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://rpc.senate.gov/public/_files/031709TaxingSuccess.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-06-01
N1  - Publication note - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee, 2009
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Law Enforcement Responses to Mexican Drug Cartels
AN  - 1679100442; MD01689
AB  - Examines threat posed by Mexican drug traffickers to U.S. and U.S. law-enforcement's response.
AU  - United States. Congress. Senate. Caucus on International Narcotics Control
AU  - United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Crime and Drugs
AD  - United States. Congress. Senate. Caucus on International Narcotics Control ; United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Crime and Drugs
PY  - 2009
SP  - 166
KW  - Chihuahua State (Mexico)
KW  - Congressional hearings
KW  - Drug traffickers
KW  - Illicit arms trafficking
KW  - Journalists
KW  - Political corruption
KW  - Kaufman, Edward E.
KW  - Graham, Lindsay O.
KW  - Sessions, Jefferson B. III
KW  - Klobuchar, Amy
KW  - Kibble, Kumar C.
KW  - Aguirre, Jorge Luis
KW  - Durbin, Richard J.
KW  - Kyl, Jon L.
KW  - Specter, Arlen
KW  - Feinstein, Dianne
KW  - Hoover, William J.
KW  - Placido, Anthony P.
KW  - Grassley, Charles E.
KW  - Wyden, Ron
KW  - Goddard, Samuel P. ("Terry")
KW  - Dresser Guerra, Denise Eugenia
KW  - Kaufman, Edward E.
KW  - Graham, Lindsay O.
KW  - Sessions, Jefferson B. III
KW  - Klobuchar, Amy
KW  - Kibble, Kumar C.
KW  - Aguirre, Jorge Luis
KW  - Durbin, Richard J.
KW  - Kyl, Jon L.
KW  - Specter, Arlen
KW  - Feinstein, Dianne
KW  - Hoover, William J.
KW  - Placido, Anthony P.
KW  - Grassley, Charles E.
KW  - Wyden, Ron
KW  - Goddard, Samuel P. ("Terry")
KW  - Dresser Guerra, Denise Eugenia
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1679100442?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Adnsa_md&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Law+Enforcement+Responses+to+Mexican+Drug+Cartels&rft.au=United+States.+Congress.+Senate.+Caucus+on+International+Narcotics+Control%3BUnited+States.+Congress.+Senate.+Committee+on+the+Judiciary.+Subcommittee+on+Crime+and+Drugs&rft.aulast=United+States.+Congress.+Senate.+Caucus+on+International+Narcotics+Control&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2009-03-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://www.gpo.gov/.
LA  - English
DB  - Digital National Security Archive
N1  - Name - Arizona. Attorney General; Mexico Autonomous Institute of Technology; United States. Department of Homeland Security. Immigration and Customs Enforcement; United States. Department of Justice. Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives; United States. Department of Justice. Drug Enforcement Administration
N1  - Analyte descriptor - NSA document type: Hearing; Location of original: Available [Online]: Government Printing Office
N1  - People - Aguirre, Jorge Luis; Dresser Guerra, Denise Eugenia; Durbin, Richard J.; Feinstein, Dianne; Goddard, Samuel P. ("Terry"); Graham, Lindsay O.; Grassley, Charles E.; Hoover, William J.; Kaufman, Edward E.; Kibble, Kumar C.; Klobuchar, Amy; Kyl, Jon L.; Placido, Anthony P.; Sessions, Jefferson B. III; Specter, Arlen; Wyden, Ron
N1  - Last updated - 2015-06-16
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Biotransformation of the neonicotinoid insecticides imidacloprid and thiamethoxam by Pseudomonas sp. 1G
AN  - 20370091; 9055765
AB  - We report the isolation of a Pseudomonas sp. which is able to transform imidacloprid and thiamethoxam under microaerophilic conditions in the presence of an alternate carbon source. This bacterium, Pseudomonas sp. 1G, was isolated from soil with a history of repeated exposure to imidacloprid. Both insecticides were transformed to nitrosoguanidine (?N?NO), desnitro (?NH), and urea (?O) metabolites and a transformation pathway is proposed. This is the first conclusive report of bacterial transformation of the 'magic nitro' group which is responsible for the insect selectivity of neonicotinoid insecticides.
JF  - Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
AU  - Pandey, G
AU  - Dorrian, S J
AU  - Russell, R J
AU  - Oakeshott, JG
AD  - GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia, Gunjan.Pandey@csiro.au
Y1  - 2009/03/13/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Mar 13
SP  - 710
EP  - 714
PB  - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/]
VL  - 380
IS  - 3
SN  - 0006-291X, 0006-291X
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology
KW  - Transformation
KW  - Soil
KW  - Imidacloprid
KW  - Insecticides
KW  - thiamethoxam
KW  - biotransformation
KW  - Pseudomonas
KW  - Urea
KW  - Metabolites
KW  - Carbon sources
KW  - A 01380:Plant Protection, Fungicides & Seed Treatments
KW  - J 02330:Biochemistry
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20370091?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemical+and+Biophysical+Research+Communications&rft.atitle=Biotransformation+of+the+neonicotinoid+insecticides+imidacloprid+and+thiamethoxam+by+Pseudomonas+sp.+1G&rft.au=Pandey%2C+G%3BDorrian%2C+S+J%3BRussell%2C+R+J%3BOakeshott%2C+JG&rft.aulast=Pandey&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2009-03-13&rft.volume=380&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=710&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochemical+and+Biophysical+Research+Communications&rft.issn=0006291X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.bbrc.2009.01.156
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Transformation; Imidacloprid; thiamethoxam; Insecticides; biotransformation; Metabolites; Urea; Carbon sources; Pseudomonas
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.01.156
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Money, Guns, and Drugs: Are U.S. Inputs Fueling Violence on the U.S.-Mexico Border?
AN  - 1679099430; MD01688
AB  - Examines whether U.S. guns and money contribute to drug-related violence in Mexico.
AU  - United States. Congress. House. Committee on Oversight and Government Reform. Subcommittee on National Security and Foreign Affairs
AD  - United States. Congress. House. Committee on Oversight and Government Reform. Subcommittee on National Security and Foreign Affairs
PY  - 2009
SP  - 81
KW  - Congressional hearings
KW  - Drug demand
KW  - Drug traffickers
KW  - Economist (United Kingdom periodical)
KW  - Illicit arms trafficking
KW  - Laundering of funds
KW  - Laws and regulations
KW  - News media
KW  - Violence
KW  - Burton, Dan L.
KW  - Violence Policy Center
KW  - Paton, Jonathan
KW  - Fortenberry, Jeffrey L.
KW  - Selee, Andrew
KW  - Mica, John L.
KW  - Braun, Michael A.
KW  - Tierney, John F.
KW  - Lynch, Stephen F.
KW  - Diaz, Tom
KW  - Flake, Jeffry L.
KW  - Burton, Dan L.
KW  - Violence Policy Center
KW  - Paton, Jonathan
KW  - Fortenberry, Jeffrey L.
KW  - Selee, Andrew
KW  - Mica, John L.
KW  - Braun, Michael A.
KW  - Tierney, John F.
KW  - Lynch, Stephen F.
KW  - Diaz, Tom
KW  - Flake, Jeffry L.
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1679099430?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Adnsa_md&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Money%2C+Guns%2C+and+Drugs%3A+Are+U.S.+Inputs+Fueling+Violence+on+the+U.S.-Mexico+Border%3F&rft.au=United+States.+Congress.+House.+Committee+on+Oversight+and+Government+Reform.+Subcommittee+on+National+Security+and+Foreign+Affairs&rft.aulast=United+States.+Congress.+House.+Committee+on+Oversight+and+Government+Reform.+Subcommittee+on+National+Security+and+Foreign+Affairs&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2009-03-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://www.gpo.gov/.
LA  - English
DB  - Digital National Security Archive
N1  - Name - Arizona. Congress. Senate; United States. Department of Justice. Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives; United States. Department of Justice. Drug Enforcement Administration; Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars (Washington, D.C.). Mexico Institute
N1  - Analyte descriptor - NSA document type: Hearing; Location of original: Available [Online]: Government Printing Office
N1  - People - Braun, Michael A.; Burton, Dan L.; Diaz, Tom; Flake, Jeffry L.; Fortenberry, Jeffrey L.; Lynch, Stephen F.; Mica, John L.; Paton, Jonathan; Selee, Andrew; Tierney, John F.; Violence Policy Center
N1  - Last updated - 2015-06-16
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - A new audio-visual technique for effectively monitoring nest predation and the behaviour of nesting birds
AN  - 847437498; 13811732
AB  - Effective monitoring techniques are vital to understanding a range of behaviours and their consequences for evolution of life histories. Video and photographic monitoring is regularly used but rarely with audio monitoring even though it can identify birds or predators off-camera, and detect alarm calls and songs. We developed a 4-channel audio-visual recording system to continuously monitor the nests of Superb Fairy-wrens (Malurus cyaneus). This innovative system worked autonomously for 3 days and identified repeat visits by some predators, detected nest predation by Grey Currawong (Strepera versicolor) and two rodents, and provided new insights into nest defence, provisioning rates, vocalisations of parents and nestlings and interactions between them.
JF  - Emu
AU  - Colombelli-Negrel, Diane
AU  - Robertson, Jeremy
AU  - Kleindorfer, Sonia
AD  - School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia, jeremy.robertson@flinders.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/03/10/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Mar 10
SP  - 83
EP  - 88
PB  - CSIRO Publishing, PO Box 1139 Collingwood Vic. 3066 Australia
VL  - 109
IS  - 1
SN  - 0158-4197, 0158-4197
KW  - Animal Behavior Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts
KW  - Nesting behavior
KW  - Song
KW  - Nest provisioning
KW  - Defensive behavior
KW  - Predation
KW  - Predators
KW  - Nests
KW  - Aves
KW  - Strepera
KW  - Life history
KW  - Vocalization behavior
KW  - Malurus cyaneus
KW  - Evolution
KW  - Y 25150:General/Miscellaneous
KW  - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/847437498?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Emu&rft.atitle=A+new+audio-visual+technique+for+effectively+monitoring+nest+predation+and+the+behaviour+of+nesting+birds&rft.au=Colombelli-Negrel%2C+Diane%3BRobertson%2C+Jeremy%3BKleindorfer%2C+Sonia&rft.aulast=Colombelli-Negrel&rft.aufirst=Diane&rft.date=2009-03-10&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Emu&rft.issn=01584197&rft_id=info:doi/10.1071%2FMU08048
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2011-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2012-03-29
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nesting behavior; Song; Life history; Vocalization behavior; Defensive behavior; Nest provisioning; Predation; Predators; Evolution; Nests; Aves; Strepera; Malurus cyaneus
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/MU08048
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Withdrawal from Iraq: Current Gains and Momentum Allow for It, but Risks Remain
AN  - 58806681; 2008-283477
AB  - President Obama announced his plan to withdraw a substantial number of US troops from Iraq, leaving up to 50,000 US troops in Iraq after August 2010 for targeted counter-terrorism missions. There is reason for cautious optimism if President Obama remains committed to withdrawing US troops in accordance with meeting the goal of success, rather than along some timeline emanating from a campaign promise.
JF  - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee, Mar 10 2009, 5 pp.
AU  - United States Senate Republican Policy Committee
Y1  - 2009/03/10/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Mar 10
PB  - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military policy
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Public safety and security
KW  - Obama, Barack
KW  - United States
KW  - Military demobilization
KW  - Risk
KW  - Iraq
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58806681?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=United+States+Senate+Republican+Policy+Committee&rft.aulast=United+States+Senate+Republican+Policy+Committee&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2009-03-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Withdrawal+from+Iraq%3A+Current+Gains+and+Momentum+Allow+for+It%2C+but+Risks+Remain&rft.title=Withdrawal+from+Iraq%3A+Current+Gains+and+Momentum+Allow+for+It%2C+but+Risks+Remain&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://rpc.senate.gov/public/_files/031009IraqWithdrawal.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-06-01
N1  - Publication note - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee, 2009
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Cramdown -- A Harmful Policy for the Troubled Housing Market
AN  - 58803505; 2008-283478
AB  - The Obama Administration's new housing proposal under certain circumstances would impose cramdown, which authorizes bankruptcy judges to impose a reduction in the mortgage principal for primary residences. There are real costs for American consumers if cramdown is imposed upon lenders, including credit unions, financial institutions, homeowners, and taxpayers.
JF  - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee, Mar 10 2009, 4 pp.
AU  - United States Senate Republican Policy Committee
Y1  - 2009/03/10/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Mar 10
PB  - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Housing
KW  - Law and ethics - Corporations and securities law
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Consumers and consumption
KW  - Obama, Barack
KW  - Bankruptcy
KW  - Consumers
KW  - Housing policy
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58803505?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=United+States+Senate+Republican+Policy+Committee&rft.aulast=United+States+Senate+Republican+Policy+Committee&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2009-03-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Cramdown+--+A+Harmful+Policy+for+the+Troubled+Housing+Market&rft.title=Cramdown+--+A+Harmful+Policy+for+the+Troubled+Housing+Market&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://rpc.senate.gov/public/_files/031009Cramdown.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-06-01
N1  - Publication note - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee, 2009
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - CPAPER
T1  - Archiving Spatial Data - USGS EROS Federal Standards and Procedures
T2  - 75th Annual Conference of the American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
AN  - 41800190; 5042120
JF  - 75th Annual Conference of the American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
AU  - Faundeen, John
Y1  - 2009/03/09/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Mar 09
KW  - Data processing
KW  - U 2000:Biological Sciences
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41800190?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=75th+Annual+Conference+of+the+American+Society+for+Photogrammetry+and+Remote+Sensing&rft.atitle=Archiving+Spatial+Data+-+USGS+EROS+Federal+Standards+and+Procedures&rft.au=Faundeen%2C+John&rft.aulast=Faundeen&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2009-03-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=75th+Annual+Conference+of+the+American+Society+for+Photogrammetry+and+Remote+Sensing&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://www.asprs.org/baltimore09/program/Baltimore09Final.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-07-17
N1  - Last updated - 2010-05-03
ER  - 



TY  - CPAPER
T1  - Library of Congress' Preserving State Government Information
T2  - 75th Annual Conference of the American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
AN  - 41758583; 5042119
JF  - 75th Annual Conference of the American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
AU  - Lazorchak, Butch
Y1  - 2009/03/09/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Mar 09
KW  - Congress
KW  - U 2000:Biological Sciences
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41758583?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=75th+Annual+Conference+of+the+American+Society+for+Photogrammetry+and+Remote+Sensing&rft.atitle=Library+of+Congress%27+Preserving+State+Government+Information&rft.au=Lazorchak%2C+Butch&rft.aulast=Lazorchak&rft.aufirst=Butch&rft.date=2009-03-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=75th+Annual+Conference+of+the+American+Society+for+Photogrammetry+and+Remote+Sensing&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://www.asprs.org/baltimore09/program/Baltimore09Final.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-07-17
N1  - Last updated - 2010-05-03
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - CRS Issue Statement on Climate Change
AN  - 58839661; 2010-476908
AB  - The election of Barack Obama to the US Presidency has altered the climate change policy dynamic: In his budget overview for FY2010, Obama proposed to cap covered greenhouse gas emissions at 14% below 2005 levels by 2020 and allow emission trading, a policy that the Administration estimated would generate 650 billion dollars over 10 years beginning in 2012. The plan would also eliminate 30 billion dollars of subsidies to oil and gas and spend 15 billion dollars per year on investments in low-GHG technologies. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Mar 4 2009, 3 pp.
AU  - Leggett, Jane A
Y1  - 2009/03/04/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Mar 04
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Environment and environmental policy - Ecology and environmental policy
KW  - Environment and environmental policy - Weather, climate, and natural disasters
KW  - Energy resources and policy - Petroleum and natural gas industries and products
KW  - Obama, Barack
KW  - United States
KW  - Petroleum industry
KW  - Emissions trading
KW  - Climate
KW  - Global warming
KW  - Environmental policy
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58839661?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Leggett%2C+Jane+A&rft.aulast=Leggett&rft.aufirst=Jane&rft.date=2009-03-04&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=CRS+Issue+Statement+on+Climate+Change&rft.title=CRS+Issue+Statement+on+Climate+Change&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/IS40270_20090304.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-04-07
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, IS40270
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Getting to the Truth through a Nonpartisan Commission of Inquiry
AN  - 1679147120; CO02310
AB  - Transcribes Senate Judiciary Committee hearing about creation of nonpartisan commission to explore George W. Bush administration's authorization of use of torture.
AU  - United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary
AD  - United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary
PY  - 2009
SP  - 240
KW  - Academics
KW  - Atlanta Journal-Constitution
KW  - Buffalo News
KW  - Counterterrorism
KW  - Globe and Mail (Canada periodical)
KW  - Government investigations
KW  - Human Events (Periodical)
KW  - Investor's Business Daily
KW  - Las Vegas Review-Journal
KW  - Lawyers
KW  - Miami Herald
KW  - New York Times
KW  - News media
KW  - Scripps Howard News Service
KW  - Torture and other cruel treatment
KW  - USA Today
KW  - Washington Post
KW  - Washington Times
KW  - Fredrickson, Caroline
KW  - Massimino, Elisa
KW  - Bush, George W.
KW  - Rabkin, Jeremy A.
KW  - Woolsey, R. James
KW  - Specter, Arlen
KW  - Webster, William H.
KW  - Lucas, Margaret M.
KW  - Fletch, Laurel E.
KW  - Sessions, William S.
KW  - Baker, Russ
KW  - Pickering, Thomas R.
KW  - Hayden, Michael V.
KW  - Deutch, John M.
KW  - Gunn, Leet F.
KW  - Fidell, Eugene R.
KW  - Magarrell, Lisa
KW  - Walsh, Joan
KW  - Killmer, Richard L.
KW  - Schwarz, Frederick A.O. ("Fritz"), Jr.
KW  - Rivkin, David B.
KW  - Feingold, Russell D.
KW  - Whitehouse, Sheldon
KW  - Schlesinger, James R.
KW  - Patten, Wendy
KW  - Donaghue, A. Frank
KW  - Farmer, John J.
KW  - Stover, Eric
KW  - Leahy, Patrick J.
KW  - Cornyn, John
KW  - Bush, George H.W.
KW  - Fredrickson, Caroline
KW  - Massimino, Elisa
KW  - Bush, George W.
KW  - Rabkin, Jeremy A.
KW  - Woolsey, R. James
KW  - Specter, Arlen
KW  - Webster, William H.
KW  - Lucas, Margaret M.
KW  - Fletch, Laurel E.
KW  - Sessions, William S.
KW  - Baker, Russ
KW  - Pickering, Thomas R.
KW  - Hayden, Michael V.
KW  - Deutch, John M.
KW  - Gunn, Leet F.
KW  - Fidell, Eugene R.
KW  - Magarrell, Lisa
KW  - Walsh, Joan
KW  - Killmer, Richard L.
KW  - Schwarz, Frederick A.O. ("Fritz"), Jr.
KW  - Rivkin, David B.
KW  - Feingold, Russell D.
KW  - Whitehouse, Sheldon
KW  - Schlesinger, James R.
KW  - Patten, Wendy
KW  - Donaghue, A. Frank
KW  - Farmer, John J.
KW  - Stover, Eric
KW  - Leahy, Patrick J.
KW  - Cornyn, John
KW  - Bush, George H.W.
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1679147120?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Adnsa_co&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Getting+to+the+Truth+through+a+Nonpartisan+Commission+of+Inquiry&rft.au=United+States.+Congress.+Senate.+Committee+on+the+Judiciary&rft.aulast=United+States.+Congress.+Senate.+Committee+on+the+Judiciary&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2009-03-04&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Digital National Security Archive
N1  - Name - American Civil Liberties Union; American Security Project; Avaaz; Capitol News Company; Common Cause; Constitution Project; Davis Group; Human Rights First; Human Rights Watch; International Center for Transitional Justice; National Commission on Terrorist Attacks upon the United States; National Institute of Military Justice; National Religious Campaign against Torture; New York University. School of Law. Brennan Center for Justice; Open Society Institute; Physicians for Human Rights; United States. Department of Justice; United States. Director of Central Intelligence
N1  - Analyte descriptor - NSA document type: Hearing
N1  - People - Baker, Russ; Bush, George H.W.; Bush, George W.; Cornyn, John; Deutch, John M.; Donaghue, A. Frank; Farmer, John J.; Feingold, Russell D.; Fidell, Eugene R.; Fletch, Laurel E.; Fredrickson, Caroline; Gunn, Leet F.; Hayden, Michael V.; Killmer, Richard L.; Leahy, Patrick J.; Lucas, Margaret M.; Magarrell, Lisa; Massimino, Elisa; Patten, Wendy; Pickering, Thomas R.; Rabkin, Jeremy A.; Rivkin, David B.; Schlesinger, James R.; Schwarz, Frederick A.O. ("Fritz"), Jr.; Sessions, William S.; Specter, Arlen; Stover, Eric; Walsh, Joan; Webster, William H.; Whitehouse, Sheldon; Woolsey, R. James
N1  - Last updated - 2015-06-16
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Predicting onset and success of breeding in little penguins Eudyptula minor from ocean temperatures
AN  - 746231819; 12957995
AB  - As is the case for many seabirds, we found that the timing and breeding success of little penguins Eudyptula minor on Phillip Island, southeastern Australia, was associated with sea surface temperature (SST) variation. Using 31 yr of data (1968 to 1998), we examined the correlations between breeding variables and regional SST at different times of the year. The next 9 yr of data (1999 to 2007) were used to test the performance of our statistical predictive models. Egg-laying date, chick mass and the number of chicks fledged per pair were correlated with SST in the first 3 mo of the year prior to breeding, in slightly different ways. SST provided more accurate predictions of mean laying date (53% variance) than of chicks produced per pair (22%) or mean chick mass at fledging (16%). This model predicted an early egg-laying date, higher average chick mass at fledging and a higher number of chicks produced per breeding pair when SSTs in Bass Strait are warmer than average in March. The models presented predict that an increase in SST is likely to lead to a reversal of the trend towards later breeding and suggest improved growth of the colony of little penguins on Phillip Island, at least in the immediate future.
JF  - Marine Ecology Progress Series
AU  - Cullen, J M
AU  - Chambers, LE
AU  - Coutin, P C
AU  - Dann, P
AD  - Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research-Bureau of Meteorology, GPO Box 1289, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia, l.chambers@bom.gov.au
Y1  - 2009/03//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Mar 2009
SP  - 269
EP  - 278
PB  - Inter-Research, Nordbuente 23 Oldendorf/Luhe 21385 Germany
VL  - 378
SN  - 0171-8630, 0171-8630
KW  - Ecology Abstracts; Animal Behavior Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources
KW  - Temperature effects
KW  - Prediction
KW  - Growth rate
KW  - Marine
KW  - PSE, Australia, Victoria, Phillip I.
KW  - Eudyptula minor
KW  - Marine birds
KW  - Data processing
KW  - Mathematical models
KW  - Statistical analysis
KW  - Water temperature
KW  - Models
KW  - Colonies
KW  - Islands
KW  - PSE, Australia, Bass Strait
KW  - Oceans
KW  - Reproduction
KW  - Breeding success
KW  - Y 25020:Territory, Reproduction and Sociality
KW  - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies
KW  - O 1050:Vertebrates, Urochordates and Cephalochordates
KW  - Q1 08364:Reproduction and development
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/746231819?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Ecology+Progress+Series&rft.atitle=Predicting+onset+and+success+of+breeding+in+little+penguins+Eudyptula+minor+from+ocean+temperatures&rft.au=Cullen%2C+J+M%3BChambers%2C+LE%3BCoutin%2C+P+C%3BDann%2C+P&rft.aulast=Cullen&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=378&rft.issue=&rft.spage=269&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Ecology+Progress+Series&rft.issn=01718630&rft_id=info:doi/10.3354%2Fmeps07881
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-06-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-02
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth rate; Prediction; Marine birds; Reproduction; Water temperature; Breeding success; Temperature effects; Colonies; Mathematical models; Data processing; Islands; Oceans; Statistical analysis; Models; Eudyptula minor; PSE, Australia, Victoria, Phillip I.; PSE, Australia, Bass Strait; Marine
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps07881
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Copyright and Related Issues Relevant to Digital Preservation and Dissemination of Unpublished Pre-1972 Sound Recordings by Libraries and Archives. CLIR Publication No. 144
AN  - 742873975; ED509213
AB  - This report addresses the question of what libraries and archives are legally empowered to do to preserve and make accessible for research their holdings of unpublished pre-1972 sound recordings. The report's author, June M. Besek, is executive director of the Kernochan Center for Law, Media and the Arts at Columbia Law School. Unpublished sound recordings are those created for private use, or even for broadcast, but that have not been distributed to the public in copies with the right holder's consent. Examples include tapes of live musical performances or of interviews conducted as part of field research or news gathering. Such recordings may find their way into library and archive collections through donations or purchase. Some may be the only record of a particular performance or event, and therefore may have considerable cultural and historical significance. The rights for use of unpublished recordings are distinct from those for use of commercial sound recordings, which are made with the authorization of rights holders and are intended for reproduction and sale to the public. Using examples of specific types of sound recordings, the Besek study (1) describes the different bodies of law that protect pre-1972 sound recordings, (2) explains the difficulty in defining the precise contours of the law, and (3) provides guidance for libraries evaluating their activities with respect to unpublished pre-1972 sound recordings. Appendices include: (1) State Criminal Laws; (2) Some Statutes Concerning Rights of Publicity; and (3) State Civil Law Concerning Pre-1972 Sound Recordings. (Contains 47 footnotes.) [Funding for this paper was provided by the Library of Congress' National Recording Preservation Board. For "Protection for Pre-1972 Sound Recordings under State Law and Its Impact on Use by Nonprofit Institutions: A 10-State Analysis. CLIR Publication No. 146," see ED509214. For "Copyright Issues Relevant to Digital Preservation and Dissemination of Pre-1972 Commercial Sound Recordings by Libraries and Archives. CLIR Publication No. 135," see ED509330.]
AU  - Besek, June M.
Y1  - 2009/03//
PY  - 2009
DA  - March 2009
SP  - 93
PB  - Council on Library and Information Resources. 1755 Massachusetts Avenue NW Suite 500, Washington, DC 20036.
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Crime
KW  - Copyrights
KW  - Library Services
KW  - Library Materials
KW  - Legal Responsibility
KW  - Laws
KW  - Media Adaptation
KW  - Libraries
KW  - Audio Equipment
KW  - Ownership
KW  - Archives
KW  - Preservation
KW  - Publicity
KW  - Time Perspective
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LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Impact of sea-level rise on sea water intrusion in coastal aquifers.
AN  - 67002449; 19191886
AB  - Despite its purported importance, previous studies of the influence of sea-level rise on coastal aquifers have focused on specific sites, and a generalized systematic analysis of the general case of the sea water intrusion response to sea-level rise has not been reported. In this study, a simple conceptual framework is used to provide a first-order assessment of sea water intrusion changes in coastal unconfined aquifers in response to sea-level rise. Two conceptual models are tested: (1) flux-controlled systems, in which ground water discharge to the sea is persistent despite changes in sea level, and (2) head-controlled systems, whereby ground water abstractions or surface features maintain the head condition in the aquifer despite sea-level changes. The conceptualization assumes steady-state conditions, a sharp interface sea water-fresh water transition zone, homogeneous and isotropic aquifer properties, and constant recharge. In the case of constant flux conditions, the upper limit for sea water intrusion due to sea-level rise (up to 1.5 m is tested) is no greater than 50 m for typical values of recharge, hydraulic conductivity, and aquifer depth. This is in striking contrast to the constant head cases, in which the magnitude of salt water toe migration is on the order of hundreds of meters to several kilometers for the same sea-level rise. This study has highlighted the importance of inland boundary conditions on the sea-level rise impact. It identifies combinations of hydrogeologic parameters that control whether large or small salt water toe migration will occur for any given change in a hydrogeologic variable.
JF  - Ground water
AU  - Werner, Adrian D
AU  - Simmons, Craig T
AD  - School of Chemistry, Physics & Earth Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide SA 5001, Australia. adrian.werner@flinders.edu.au
PY  - 2009
SP  - 197
EP  - 204
VL  - 47
IS  - 2
KW  - Index Medicus
KW  - Environmental Monitoring
KW  - Water Movements
KW  - Seawater -- analysis
KW  - Models, Theoretical
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date completed - 2009-06-16
N1  - Date created - 2009-03-05
N1  - Date revised - 2017-01-13
N1  - Last updated - 2017-01-18
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2008.00535.x
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effects of bolus injection of soybean-based fat emulsion and fatty acids on pulmonary gas exchange function.
AN  - 66968590; 19252304
AB  - To determine whether or not a "bolus injection" of soybean-based fat emulsion (SFE), which contains oleic acid (OA), a potent lung-toxic unsaturated C-18 fatty acid, can induce pulmonary dysfunction, we examined the effect of SFE injection on the partial oxygen pressure of arterial blood (Pao2) and pulmonary vascular permeability. In addition, we compared the effect of an injection of SFE with that of OA, soybean oil (a source of SFE), emulsified OA and C-18 fatty acids. Bolus injection of SFE (0.3-4.8 ml/kg) had little effect on Pao2) and pulmonary vascular permeability. Injection of an equivalent amount of OA, on the other hand, significantly decreased Pao2 and increased pulmonary vascular hyper-permeability. This decrease in Pao2 was attenuated by emulsification. Unemulsified soybean oil also induced a decrease in Pao2, although the effect was weaker than that of OA. Other unsaturated C-18 fatty acids (linoleic and linolenic acid) induced a decrease in Pao2 as potent as OA while stearic acid, a C-18 saturated fatty acid, had little effect. Although we did not observe pulmonary toxicity as a result of "bolus injection" of SFE, the chemical form, for example, emulsification and the degree of saturability of the carbon chain, seems to influence the pulmonary toxicities of lipids and fatty acids. Furthermore, the potent pulmonary toxicity of OA seems to depend not only on pulmonary vascular embolization but also pharmacological and/or inflammation-inducing properties.
JF  - Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin
AU  - Ishitsuka, Yoichi
AU  - Moriuchi, Hiroshi
AU  - Yang, Changqing
AU  - Golbidi, Saeid
AU  - Irikura, Mitsuru
AU  - Irie, Tetsumi
AD  - Department of Clinical Chemistry and Informatics, Faculty of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan. y-zuka@gpo.kumamoto-u.ac.jp
Y1  - 2009/03//
PY  - 2009
DA  - March 2009
SP  - 500
EP  - 503
VL  - 32
IS  - 3
SN  - 0918-6158, 0918-6158
KW  - Emulsions
KW  - 0
KW  - Fat Emulsions, Intravenous
KW  - Fatty Acids
KW  - Stearic Acids
KW  - alpha-Linolenic Acid
KW  - 0RBV727H71
KW  - Oleic Acid
KW  - 2UMI9U37CP
KW  - stearic acid
KW  - 4ELV7Z65AP
KW  - Soybean Oil
KW  - 8001-22-7
KW  - Linoleic Acid
KW  - 9KJL21T0QJ
KW  - Oxygen
KW  - S88TT14065
KW  - Index Medicus
KW  - Animals
KW  - Soybean Oil -- toxicity
KW  - alpha-Linolenic Acid -- toxicity
KW  - Stearic Acids -- toxicity
KW  - Acute Lung Injury -- physiopathology
KW  - Guinea Pigs
KW  - Capillary Permeability -- drug effects
KW  - Oleic Acid -- toxicity
KW  - Linoleic Acid -- toxicity
KW  - Oxygen -- blood
KW  - Acute Lung Injury -- chemically induced
KW  - Partial Pressure
KW  - Lung -- blood supply
KW  - Pulmonary Gas Exchange -- drug effects
KW  - Lung -- drug effects
KW  - Fatty Acids -- toxicity
KW  - Fat Emulsions, Intravenous -- toxicity
KW  - Lung -- physiopathology
KW  - Soybeans
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date completed - 2009-04-28
N1  - Date created - 2009-03-02
N1  - Date revised - 2017-01-13
N1  - Last updated - 2017-01-18
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Understanding the physical processes of pollutant build-up and wash-off on roof surfaces.
AN  - 66954150; 19157516
AB  - Pollutants originating with roof runoff can have a significant impact on urban stormwater quality. This signifies the importance of understanding pollutant processes on roof surfaces. Additionally, knowledge of pollutant processes on roof surfaces is important as roofs are used as the primary catchment surface for domestic rainwater harvesting. In recent years, rainwater harvesting has become one of the primary sustainable water management techniques to counteract the growing demand for potable water. This paper presents the outcomes of an in-depth research study into particulate matter build-up and wash-off for roof surfaces. In this research, particulate matter was considered as the indicator pollutant where the processes related to other pollutants can be predicted based on the understanding generated for particulate matter. The study outcomes confirm that the build-up process on roof surfaces is comparatively similar to road surfaces. However, particle loads collected from roofs were significantly less compared to road surfaces and much finer in texture. Wash-off from roofs also showed significant similarities to wash-off from roads. A relatively high concentration of particulate matter was noted during the initial part of storm events. Furthermore, the amount of particulate matter remaining on the roof surfaces was significantly high for less intense rain events.
JF  - The Science of the total environment
AU  - Egodawatta, Prasanna
AU  - Thomas, Evan
AU  - Goonetilleke, Ashantha
AD  - School of Urban Development, Queensland University of Technology, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane QLD 4000, Australia. p.egodawatta@qut.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/03/01/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Mar 01
SP  - 1834
EP  - 1841
VL  - 407
IS  - 6
SN  - 0048-9697, 0048-9697
KW  - Particulate Matter
KW  - 0
KW  - Water Pollutants, Chemical
KW  - Index Medicus
KW  - Rain
KW  - Construction Materials
KW  - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis
KW  - Particulate Matter -- chemistry
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date completed - 2009-05-07
N1  - Date created - 2009-02-23
N1  - Date revised - 2017-01-13
N1  - Last updated - 2017-01-18
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.12.027
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Exercise for the primary, secondary and tertiary prevention of low back pain in the workplace: a systematic review.
AN  - 66939344; 19219537
AB  - Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most costly conditions to manage in occupational health. Individuals with chronic or recurring LBP experience difficulties returning to work due to disability. Given the personal and financial cost of LBP, there is a need for effective interventions aimed at preventing LBP in the workplace. The aim of this systematic review was to examine the effectiveness of exercises in decreasing LBP incidence, LBP intensity and the impact of LBP and disability.
          A comprehensive literature search of controlled trials published between 1978 and 2007 was conducted and a total of 15 studies were subsequently reviewed and analyzed. There was strong evidence that exercise was effective in reducing the severity and activity interference from LBP. However, due to the poor methodological quality of studies and conflicting results, there was only limited evidence supporting the use of exercise to prevent LBP episodes in the workplace. Other methodological limitations such as differing combinations of exercise, study populations, participant presentation, workloads and outcome measures; levels of exercise adherence and a lack of reporting on effect sizes, adverse effects, and types of sub-groups, make it difficult to draw definitive conclusions on the efficacy of workplace exercise in preventing LBP.
          Only two out of the 15 studies reviewed were high in methodological quality and showed significant reductions in LBP intensity with exercise. Future research is needed to clarify which exercises are effective and the dose-response relationships regarding exercise and outcomes.
JF  - Journal of occupational rehabilitation
AU  - Bell, Julie Ann
AU  - Burnett, Angus
AD  - Centre for Research into Disability and Society, School of Occupational Therapy and Social Work, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia. j.netto@curtin.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/03//
PY  - 2009
DA  - March 2009
SP  - 8
EP  - 24
VL  - 19
IS  - 1
KW  - Index Medicus
KW  - Primary Prevention
KW  - Tertiary Prevention
KW  - Humans
KW  - Treatment Outcome
KW  - Workplace
KW  - Research Design
KW  - Secondary Prevention
KW  - Exercise Therapy
KW  - Occupational Diseases -- prevention & control
KW  - Low Back Pain -- prevention & control
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date completed - 2009-07-09
N1  - Date created - 2009-02-19
N1  - Date revised - 2017-01-13
N1  - Last updated - 2017-01-18
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10926-009-9164-5
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Beyond Retribution: Conceptualizing Restorative Justice and Exploring its Determinants
AN  - 61760945; 200927620
AB  - Previous research considering reactions to injustice has focused predominantly on retributive (i.e., punitive) responses. Restorative justice, a relatively understudied concept, suggests an alternative justice response which emphasizes bilateral discussion in an attempt to reach a consensus about the meaning of the offense and how to address the transgression. The current research explores the additional contribution of restorative justice processes, examining the extent to which bilateral consensus is viewed as a fairer response to transgressions than unilateral decisions. Results show that, independent of the punishment, restorative responses are generally regarded as fairer than nonrestorative responses. And compared to punishment, which tends to be moderated by offender intent and seriousness of the harm, restorative responses are regarded as particularly fair when the involved parties share an identity. Findings suggest the importance of distinguishing retributive justice from a 'restorative notion of justice' -- a notion that focuses on addressing concerns over the maintenance of existing social relationships and identity-defining values. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - Social Justice Research
AU  - Okimoto, Tyler G
AU  - Wenzel, Michael
AU  - Feather, N T
AD  - School of Psychology, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia tyler.okimoto@yale.edu
Y1  - 2009/03//
PY  - 2009
DA  - March 2009
SP  - 156
EP  - 180
PB  - Springer, Dordrecht The Netherlands
VL  - 22
IS  - 1
SN  - 0885-7466, 0885-7466
KW  - Offenders
KW  - Identity
KW  - Punishment
KW  - Social Justice
KW  - Justice
KW  - Offenses
KW  - Decisions
KW  - Equity
KW  - article
KW  - 0826: mass phenomena; social movements
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LA  - English
DB  - Sociological Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2009-07-09
N1  - Number of references - 52
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - CODEN - SJREEO
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Justice; Punishment; Identity; Equity; Offenses; Decisions; Social Justice; Offenders
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11211-009-0092-5
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Law: The Baker-Christopher War Powers Commission
AN  - 59867056; 200909681
AB  - In July 2008, the National War Powers Commission released a detailed report that recommended the repeal of the War Powers Resolution of 1973 and its replacement with the War Powers Consultation Act. Co-chaired by former secretaries of state James A. Baker III and Warren Christopher, the commission report promised 'equal respect' to the legislative and executive branches, but, in fact, it strengthened the president's capacity to initiate war and greatly weakened congressional and public control. Instead of addressing the framers' fear of placing the war power in the hands of a single executive with an appetite for military glory and fame, the report claimed that the U.S. Constitution is 'ambiguous' about war powers and that federal courts 'for the most part' have declined jurisdiction over war power cases. Both assertions are false. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - Presidential Studies Quarterly
AU  - Fisher, Louis
AD  - Library of Congress.
Y1  - 2009/03//
PY  - 2009
DA  - March 2009
SP  - 128
EP  - 140
PB  - Blackwell Publishing, Malden MA
VL  - 39
IS  - 1
SN  - 0360-4918, 0360-4918
KW  - Presidents
KW  - Courts
KW  - War
KW  - Jurisdiction
KW  - United States of America
KW  - Law
KW  - Legislative Bodies
KW  - Political Power
KW  - article
KW  - 9161: politics and law; politics and law
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LA  - English
DB  - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2010-10-21
N1  - Number of references - 19
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - War; Political Power; Legislative Bodies; Presidents; Law; Courts; Jurisdiction; United States of America
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-5705.2008.03662.x
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - National AIDS Commissions in Africa: Performance and Emerging Challenges
AN  - 58810180; 2008-256749
AB  - This article consolidates and expands on evidence on how National AIDS Commissions (NACs) in sub-Saharan Africa are measuring up to expectations that drove their rapid adoption across the continent. While their overall performance seems reasonably good, most NACs still lack adequate power and incentive structures to hold line ministries accountable, a key requirement for co-ordinating activities and mainstreaming HIV-AIDS across the public sector. Second-generation African NACs urgently need the authority and institutional stature to effectively co-ordinate the channelling of the larger funds now available through government bureaucracy. The evolution of the epidemic also imposes requirements different from those when the current NAC architecture was crafted. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - Development Policy Review
AU  - Morah, Erasmus
AU  - Ihalainen, Mira
AD  - Country Co-ordinator and Representative to UNEP and UN-Habitat and Institutional Development Adviser, UNAIDS Country Office, P.O. Box 30218-00100 GPO, Nairobi, Kenya email: morahe@unaids.org
Y1  - 2009/03//
PY  - 2009
DA  - March 2009
SP  - 185
EP  - 214
PB  - Blackwell Publishing, Oxford UK
VL  - 27
IS  - 2
SN  - 0950-6764, 0950-6764
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Diseases and disorders
KW  - Business and service sector - Personnel management
KW  - Manufacturing and heavy industry - Industrial management, production, and productivity
KW  - Acquired immune deficiency syndrome
KW  - Human immunodeficiency virus
KW  - Africa
KW  - Performance
KW  - article
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apais&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Development+Policy+Review&rft.atitle=National+AIDS+Commissions+in+Africa%3A+Performance+and+Emerging+Challenges&rft.au=Morah%2C+Erasmus%3BIhalainen%2C+Mira&rft.aulast=Morah&rft.aufirst=Erasmus&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=185&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Development+Policy+Review&rft.issn=09506764&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1467-7679.2009.00442.x
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-10-21
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - CODEN - DPORER
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Acquired immune deficiency syndrome; Africa; Performance; Human immunodeficiency virus
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7679.2009.00442.x
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - How to Rewrite Software -- And When Not to
AN  - 57687752; 200904967
AB  - The single worst strategic mistake that any software company can make is to rewrite the code from scratch. One reason is that rewriting a code takes much longer than one thinks. An old code, no matter how messy it might seem, still represents a lot of hard-won knowledge. The accumulated bug fixes, strange knobs and dials, and hard-to-understand logic found in an old code is worth a lot. Transposing all those hard-won tidbits of knowledge specific to one's application over to the new environment is extremely challenging. However, there are good reasons to rewrite an application from scratch, especially when an application is small enough to replace quickly. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - Computers in Libraries
AU  - Chadnov, Daniel
AD  - Library of Congress daniel.chudnov@gmail.com
Y1  - 2009/03//
PY  - 2009
DA  - March 2009
SP  - 19
EP  - 21
PB  - Information Today Inc
VL  - 29
IS  - 3
SN  - 1041-7915, 1041-7915
KW  - Software engineering
KW  - article
KW  - 14.14: COMMUNICATIONS AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY - SOFTWARE
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LA  - English
DB  - Library & Information Science Abstracts (LISA)
N1  - Date revised - 2009-05-04
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-27
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Software engineering
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Chronic condition self-management support: proposed competencies for medical students
AN  - 57299290; 200920136
AB  - Objective: Governments and the medical profession are concerned that there continues to be less than optimal health outcomes despite escalating expenditure on health services from the effect of the ageing population with chronic illnesses. In this context, doctors will need to have knowledge and skills in effective chronic condition management (CCM) and chronic condition self-management (CCSM). Method: A national workshop of representatives of eight medical schools from the CCSM special interest group (SIG) of the Australian and New Zealand Association on Medical Education met in September 2004, to consider curriculum content in CCM and CCSM. Results: The workshop recommended that the Committee of Deans of Australian Medical Schools and the Commonwealth Department of Health and Ageing consider the identification and possible development of a specific curriculum for CCM and CCSM within the curricula of Australian Medical Schools. Discussion: Consideration needs to be given to the changing nature of medical practice and that as part of this; doctors of the future will need skills in team participation, continuity of care, self-management support and patient-centered collaborative care planning. Doctors will also need skills to assist patients to better adhere to medical management, lifestyle behaviour change and risk factor reduction, if optimal health outcomes are to be achieved and costs are to be contained. [Reprinted by permission of Sage Publications, Ltd., copyright holder.]
JF  - Chronic Illness
AU  - Pols, Rene G
AU  - Battersby, Malcolm W
AU  - Regan-Smith, Martha
AU  - Markwick, Mignon J
AU  - Lawrence, John
AU  - Auret, Kirsten
AU  - Carter, Jan
AU  - Cole, Andrew
AU  - Disler, Peter
AU  - Hassed, Craig
AU  - McGuiness, Clare
AU  - Nguyen, Hung
AD  - Flinders Human Behaviour and Health Research Unit, Margaret Tobin Centre, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001
Y1  - 2009/03//
PY  - 2009
DA  - March 2009
SP  - 7
EP  - 14
PB  - Sage Publications, London UK
VL  - 5
IS  - 1
SN  - 1742-3953, 1742-3953
KW  - Chronic condition management Self-management Medical curriculum Chronic illness
KW  - Ageing
KW  - Medical schools
KW  - Chronic sickness
KW  - Doctors
KW  - Selfmanagement
KW  - Medical education
KW  - article
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LA  - English
DB  - Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA)
N1  - Date revised - 2010-10-21
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-27
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chronic sickness; Selfmanagement; Medical schools; Doctors; Ageing; Medical education
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1742395308098888
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The ongoing search for best practice in clinical teaching and learning: A model of nursing students' evolution to proficient novice registered nurses
AN  - 57279249; 200905967
AB  - This article describes the development of a model of nursing students as evolving registered nurses (RNs). It aims to generate critical debate about innovations in nursing teaching and learning. The model is the outcome of research conducted with undergraduate nursing students (n = 111) from Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia. It identifies the positive and negative intrinsic and extrinsic factors that impact on nursing students' clinical learning development and progression from students to proficient novice RNs. This model has implications for future curriculum development, staff development, placement approaches and research in relation to clinical teaching and learning. [Copyright Elsevier B.V.]
JF  - Nurse Education in Practice
AU  - Edgecombe, Kay
AU  - Bowden, Margaret
AD  - School of Nursing and Midwifery, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia kay.edgecombe@flinders.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/03//
PY  - 2009
DA  - March 2009
SP  - 91
EP  - 101
PB  - Elsevier Ltd, The Netherlands
VL  - 9
IS  - 2
SN  - 1471-5953, 1471-5953
KW  - Nursing Clinical teaching and learning environment Professional development
KW  - Clinical education
KW  - Clinical nursing
KW  - Learning
KW  - Nursing
KW  - Nurses
KW  - Novices
KW  - article
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LA  - English
DB  - Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA)
N1  - Date revised - 2009-04-08
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-27
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Learning; Nursing; Novices; Clinical nursing; Clinical education; Nurses
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2008.10.006
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Changing patterns of access to cataract surgery: A population study spanning 22 years
AN  - 57277005; 200905120
AB  - Cataract surgery can prevent blindness but access to health services is often difficult for those living in rural and remote areas of Australia. This study investigated changes in cataract surgery relative to geographical and demographic status 1980-2001. Improved specialist ophthalmic services in rural and remote areas of Western Australia reduced the median distance travelled by patients but did not improve the rate of surgery. This suggests that factors other than distance also affect patient access to cataract surgery. Adequate access to cataract surgery by Aboriginal Australians was difficult to assess due to outdated prevalence data. [Copyright 2008 Elsevier Ltd.]
JF  - Health & Place
AU  - Van Minnen, Kylie
AU  - Spilsbury, Katrina
AU  - Ng, Jonathon
AU  - Morlet, Nigel
AU  - Xia, Jianhong
AU  - Semmens, James
AD  - School of Public Health, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Bentley, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia
Y1  - 2009/03//
PY  - 2009
DA  - March 2009
SP  - 394
EP  - 398
PB  - Elsevier Science, Amsterdam The Netherlands
VL  - 15
IS  - 1
SN  - 1353-8292, 1353-8292
KW  - Data linkage Cataract surgery Cataract prevalence Geographical differences
KW  - Aborigines
KW  - Cataracts
KW  - Health inequalities
KW  - Eye surgery
KW  - Access
KW  - Rural areas
KW  - article
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LA  - English
DB  - Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA)
N1  - Date revised - 2009-03-03
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-27
N1  - CODEN - HEPLFG
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Access; Rural areas; Health inequalities; Aborigines; Cataracts; Eye surgery
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.healthplace.2008.03.011
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effects of Demographic Variables on Mental Illness Admission for Victims of Interpersonal Violence
AN  - 57272889; 200912586
AB  - Background To assess the effects of demographic factors on mental illness admission for victims of interpersonal violence. Methods A population-based retrospective cohort study was conducted to investigate victims of violence using the 19902004 linked data extracted from the Western Australia Hospital Morbidity Data System and the Mental Health Information System. Factors associated with the risk for hospitalization for mental illness were assessed by logistic regression analysis. Results Among the 25 427 victims admitted to hospital for at least one episode of interpersonal violence during the study period, 6395 (25%) had been hospitalized with a mental illness diagnosis. Female [odds ratio (OR) 1.54, 95% CI 1.401.63] and Indigenous (OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.341.57) victims of violence were significantly more likely to be admitted for mental illness. The presence of additional co-morbidity also increased the risk (OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.441.54). Other variables that significantly increased the risk of mental illness admission were advancing age, other methods of assault and victims who had been separated, divorced or widowed. Conclusions The results are beneficial for designing and implementing intervention strategies to reduce the adverse consequences of interpersonal violence particularly for women and Indigenous victims of violence. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - Journal of Public Health
AU  - Meuleners, Lynn
AU  - Lee, Andy H
AU  - Hendrie, Delia
AD  - School of Public Health, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U 1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia
Y1  - 2009/03//
PY  - 2009
DA  - March 2009
SP  - 162
EP  - 167
PB  - Oxford University Press
VL  - 31
IS  - 1
SN  - 1741-3842, 1741-3842
KW  - Hospital admission
KW  - interpersonal violence
KW  - mental illness
KW  - risk factors
KW  - Admissions
KW  - Mental illness
KW  - Risk factors
KW  - Victims
KW  - Gender differences
KW  - Violence
KW  - article
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LA  - English
DB  - Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA)
N1  - Date revised - 2010-10-21
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-27
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Admissions; Mental illness; Gender differences; Victims; Violence; Risk factors
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdn069
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Clean coal technology; realistic energy planning for the 21st century
AN  - 50095343; 2009-084800
AB  - A surge in global population and GDP is expected to carry with it an increased demand for energy that is breathtaking. The global demand for electricity is projected to double in 20 years (and triple in developing nations during the same time period). At the same time, the World-wide number of motor vehicles alone is predicted to nearly triple in 30 years. Although advanced biofuels will offer a carbon-neutral option for fueling this transportation fleet, it is likely that electric vehicles and electrified mass-transit will play a major role in meeting this unprecedented growth in transportation needs further increasing the demand for electricity. While energy efficiency and renewable sources will help address some of this demand, the simple fact is that coal-based energy will be essential, especially given that the national and global economy is in turmoil and the price of energy is at the heart of many of our economic challenges. At the same time, there is a worldwide call to address climate change through the reduction of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide. The greatest challenge of this generation and, perhaps, any generation, will be meeting the World's and our Nation's ever-increasing demand for energy in difficult economic times amidst an increased awareness of climate change and the long-term effects of relying exclusively upon non-renewable sources for that energy. The only reliable bridge over these troubled waters is clean coal technology, including the capture, use and storage of carbon dioxide from fossil fuel combustion. This presentation will overview a range of CCS technologies currently in development as well as state and federal incentives in place and being developed to expedite the commercialization of these technologies. Current commercialization timelines for gasification, oxyfuel, and post-combustion carbon capture will be discussed. Carbon dioxide transportation, injection, and geologic sequestration will be addressed, as well as enhanced oil recovery projects utilizing anthropogenic carbon dioxide. Competiting carbon management policies in state legislatures and in Congress will be addressed, including a detailed discussion of provisions relating to the use of coal and the carbon capture and geologic sequestration.
JF  - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America
AU  - Nasi, Michael J
AU  - Anonymous
Y1  - 2009/03//
PY  - 2009
DA  - March 2009
SP  - 3
PB  - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO
VL  - 41
IS  - 2
SN  - 0016-7592, 0016-7592
KW  - resources
KW  - developing countries
KW  - technology
KW  - carbon sequestration
KW  - global
KW  - renewable energy sources
KW  - legislation
KW  - enhanced recovery
KW  - transportation
KW  - climate change
KW  - planning
KW  - energy sources
KW  - clean coal technology
KW  - policy
KW  - economics
KW  - efficiency
KW  - gasification
KW  - demand
KW  - coal deposits
KW  - 29B:Economic geology, economics of energy sources
KW  - 22:Environmental geology
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LA  - English
DB  - GeoRef
N1  - Conference title - Geological Society of America, South-Central Section, 43rd annual meeting
N1  - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States
N1  - Date revised - 2009-01-01
N1  - PubXState - CO
N1  - Last updated - 2012-06-07
N1  - CODEN - GAAPBC
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon sequestration; clean coal technology; climate change; coal deposits; demand; developing countries; economics; efficiency; energy sources; enhanced recovery; gasification; global; legislation; planning; policy; renewable energy sources; resources; technology; transportation
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - HIV Care Providers' Implementation of Routine Alcohol Reduction Support for Their Patients
AN  - 226884293
AB  - Screening and brief intervention (SBI) for alcohol reduction is an important health promoting strategy for patients with HIV, and HIV care providers are optimally situated to support their patients' reduction efforts. We report results from analyses that use data collected from providers (n = 115) in 7 hospital-based HIV care centers in the New York City metropolitan area in 2007 concerning their routine use of 11 alcohol SBI components with their patients. Providers routinely implemented 5 or more of these alcohol SBI components if they (1) had a specific caseload (and were therefore responsible for a smaller number of patients), (2) had greater exposure to information about alcohol's effect on HIV, (3) had been in their present positions for at least 1 year, and (4) had greater self efficacy to support patients' alcohol reduction efforts. Findings suggest the importance of educating all HIV care providers about both the negative impact of excessive alcohol use on patients with HIV and the importance and value of alcohol SBIs. Findings also suggest the value of promoting increased self efficacy for at least some providers in implementing alcohol SBI components, especially through targeted alcohol SBI training. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]
JF  - AIDS Patient Care & STDs
AU  - Strauss, Shiela M, PhD
AU  - Tiburcio, Nelson J, PhD
AU  - Munoz-Plaza, Corrine, MPH
AU  - Gwadz, Marya, PhD
AU  - Lunievicz, Joseph, BA
AU  - Osborne, Andrew, MSEd, CHES
AU  - Padilla, Diana
AU  - Arias, Mary McCarty, MA, CRS
AU  - Norman, Robert, PhD
Y1  - 2009/03//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Mar 2009
SP  - 211
CY  - New York
PB  - Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.
VL  - 23
IS  - 3
SN  - 10872914
KW  - Medical Sciences--Communicable Diseases
KW  - Health promotion
KW  - Social support
KW  - Parents & parenting
KW  - Alcohol use
KW  - Metropolitan areas
KW  - New York City New York
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthcompleteshell&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AIDS+Patient+Care+%26+STDs&rft.atitle=HIV+Care+Providers%27+Implementation+of+Routine+Alcohol+Reduction+Support+for+Their+Patients&rft.au=Strauss%2C+Shiela+M%2C+PhD%3BTiburcio%2C+Nelson+J%2C+PhD%3BMunoz-Plaza%2C+Corrine%2C+MPH%3BGwadz%2C+Marya%2C+PhD%3BLunievicz%2C+Joseph%2C+BA%3BOsborne%2C+Andrew%2C+MSEd%2C+CHES%3BPadilla%2C+Diana%3BArias%2C+Mary+McCarty%2C+MA%2C+CRS%3BNorman%2C+Robert%2C+PhD&rft.aulast=Strauss&rft.aufirst=Shiela&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=211&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AIDS+Patient+Care+%26+STDs&rft.issn=10872914&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Central
N1  - Copyright - Copyright Mary Ann Liebert Inc. Mar 2009
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-17
N1  - CODEN - APACEF
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - New York City New York
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Controversy about a Possible Relationship between Mobile Phone Use and Cancer
AN  - 21415121; 12122623
AB  - OBJECTIVE: During the last decade, mobile phone use increased to almost 100% prevalence in many countries of the world. Evidence for potential health hazards accumulated in parallel by epidemiologic investigations has raised controversies about the appropriate interpretation and the degree of bias and confounding responsible for reduced or increased risk estimates. DATA SOURCES: Overall, I identified 33 epidemiologic studies in the peer-reviewed literature, most of which (25) were about brain tumors. Two groups have collected data for or=10 years of mobile phone use: Hardell and colleagues from Sweden and the Interphone group, an international consortium from 13 countries coordinated by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. DATA SYNTHESIS: Combined odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) from these studies for glioma, acoustic neuroma, and meningioma were 1.5 (1.2-1.8); 1.3 (0.95-1.9); and 1.1 (0.8-1.4), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Methodologic considerations revealed that three important conditions for epidemiologic studies to detect an increased risk are not met: a ) no evidence-based exposure metric is available; b) the observed duration of mobile phone use is generally still too low; c) no evidence-based selection of end points among the grossly different types of neoplasias is possible because of lack of etiologic hypotheses. Concerning risk estimates, selection bias, misclassification bias, and effects of the disease on mobile phone use could have reduced estimates, and recall bias may have led to spuriously increased risks. The overall evidence speaks in favor of an increased risk, but its magnitude cannot be assessed at present because of insufficient information on long-term use.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Kundi, Michael
Y1  - 2009/03//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Mar 2009
SP  - 316
EP  - 324
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - glioma
KW  - cellular telephones
KW  - brain tumors
KW  - Cancer
KW  - Sweden
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - glioma; cellular telephones; brain tumors; Cancer; Sweden
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Impact of the Spanish Smoking Law on Exposure to Secondhand Smoke in Offices and Hospitality Venues: Before-and-After Study
AN  - 21415079; 12122615
AB  - BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: A smoking law was passed by the Spanish Parliament in December 2005 and was enforced by 1 January 2006. The law bans smoking in all indoor workplaces but only in some hospitality venues, because owners are allowed to establish a smoking zone (venues100 m2) or to allow smoking without restrictions (venues100 m2). The objective of the study is to assess the impact of the Spanish smoking law on exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) in enclosed workplaces, including hospitality venues. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study design is a before-and-after evaluation. We studied workplaces and hospitality venues from eight different regions of Spain. We took repeated samples of vapor-phase nicotine concentration in 398 premises, including private offices (162), public administration offices (90), university premises (43), bars and restaurants (79), and discotheques and pubs (24). RESULTS: In the follow-up period, SHS levels were markedly reduced in indoor offices. The median decrease in nicotine concentration ranged from 60.0% in public premises to 97.4% in private areas. Nicotine concentrations were also markedly reduced in bars and restaurants that became smoke-free (96.7%) and in the no-smoking zones of venues with separate spaces for smokers (88.9%). We found no significant changes in smoking zones or in premises allowing smoking, including discotheques and pubs. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, this study shows the positive impact of the law on reducing SHS in indoor workplaces. However, SHS was substantially reduced only in bars and restaurants that became smoke-free. Most hospitality workers continue to be exposed to very high levels of SHS. Therefore, a 100% smoke-free policy for all hospitality venues is required.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Nebot, Manel
AU  - Lopez, Maria J
AU  - Ariza, Carles
AU  - Perez-Rios, Monica
AU  - Fu, Marcela
AU  - Schiaffino, Anna
AU  - Munoz, Gloria
AU  - Salto, Esteve
AU  - Fernandez, Esteve
Y1  - 2009/03//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Mar 2009
SP  - 344
EP  - 347
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Smoking
KW  - Passive smoking
KW  - Nicotine
KW  - Spain
KW  - Occupational exposure
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Smoking; Passive smoking; Nicotine; Occupational exposure; Spain
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Developmental Exposure to Polychlorinated Biphenyls Interferes with Experience-Dependent Dendritic Plasticity and Ryanodine Receptor Expression in Weanling Rats
AN  - 21415056; 12122611
AB  - BACKGROUND: Neurodevelopmental disorders are associated with altered patterns of neuronal connectivity. A critical determinant of neuronal connectivity is the dendritic morphology of individual neurons, which is shaped by experience. The identification of environmental exposures that interfere with dendritic growth and plasticity may, therefore, provide insight into environmental risk factors for neurodevelopmental disorders. OBJECTIVE: We tested the hypothesis that polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) alter dendritic growth and/or plasticity by promoting the activity of ryanodine receptors (RyRs). METHODS AND RESULTS: The Morris water maze was used to induce experience-dependent neural plasticity in weanling rats exposed to either vehicle or Aroclor 1254 (A1254) in the maternal diet throughout gestation and lactation. Developmental A1254 exposure promoted dendritic growth in cerebellar Purkinje cells and neocortical pyramidal neurons among untrained animals but attenuated or reversed experience-dependent dendritic growth among maze-trained littermates. These structural changes coincided with subtle deficits in spatial learning and memory, increased [3H]-ryanodine binding sites and RyR expression in the cerebellum of untrained animals, and inhibition of training-induced RyR upregulation. A congener with potent RyR activity, PCB95, but not a congener with negligible RyR activity, PCB66, promoted dendritic growth in primary cortical neuron cultures and this effect was blocked by pharmacologic antagonism of RyR activity. CONCLUSIONS: Developmental exposure to PCBs interferes with normal patterns of dendritic growth and plasticity, and these effects may be linked to changes in RyR expression and function. These findings identify PCBs as candidate environmental risk factors for neurodevelopmental disorders, especially in children with heritable deficits in calcium signaling.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Yang, Dongren
AU  - Kim, Kyung Ho
AU  - Phimister, Andrew
AU  - Bachstetter, Adam D
AU  - Ward, Thomas R
AU  - Stackman, Robert W
AU  - Mervis, Ronald F
AU  - Wisniewski, Amy B
AU  - Klein, Sabra L
AU  - Kodavanti, Prasada Rao S
AU  - Anderson, Kim A
AU  - Wayman, Gary
AU  - Pessah, Isaac N
AU  - Lein, Pamela J
Y1  - 2009/03//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Mar 2009
SP  - 426
EP  - 435
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Rats
KW  - Diets
KW  - Calcium
KW  - antagonism
KW  - Morphology
KW  - Children
KW  - PCB compounds
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Developmental+Exposure+to+Polychlorinated+Biphenyls+Interferes+with+Experience-Dependent+Dendritic+Plasticity+and+Ryanodine+Receptor+Expression+in+Weanling+Rats&rft.au=Yang%2C+Dongren%3BKim%2C+Kyung+Ho%3BPhimister%2C+Andrew%3BBachstetter%2C+Adam+D%3BWard%2C+Thomas+R%3BStackman%2C+Robert+W%3BMervis%2C+Ronald+F%3BWisniewski%2C+Amy+B%3BKlein%2C+Sabra+L%3BKodavanti%2C+Prasada+Rao+S%3BAnderson%2C+Kim+A%3BWayman%2C+Gary%3BPessah%2C+Isaac+N%3BLein%2C+Pamela+J&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Dongren&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=426&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diets; Rats; Calcium; antagonism; Morphology; Children; PCB compounds
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Model for the Assessment of Infant Exposure to Persistent Organic Pollutants in Epidemiologic Studies
AN  - 21415005; 12122601
AB  - BACKGROUND: It has been suggested that pre- and postnatal exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) can promote several adverse effects in children, such as altered neurodevelopment. Epidemiologic studies to date have relied on the analysis of biological samples drawn pre- or post-natally for exposure assessment, an approach that might not capture some key events in the toxicokinetics of POPs. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to build a generic physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling framework for neutral POPs to assess infant toxicokinetic profiles and to validate the model using data on POP levels measured in mothers and infants from a Northern Quebec Inuit population. METHODS: The PBPK model developed herein was based upon a previously published model to which an infant submodel was added. Using the model and maternal blood levels at the time of delivery, exposure to 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (p,p'-DDE), 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane (p,p'-DDT), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), beta-hexachlorocyclohexane (beta-HCH), 2,2',3,4,4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB-138), 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB-153), and 2,2',3,4,4',5,5'-heptachlorobiphenyl (PCB-180) in mothers was estimated to subsequently simulate infant blood, breast milk, and cord blood POP concentration. Simulations were then compared with corresponding measured levels through Spearman correlation analyses. RESULTS: Predictions were highly correlated with measured concentrations for PCB-153, PCB-180, PCB-138, HCB, and p,p'-DDE (r = 0.83-0.96). Weaker correlations were observed for p,p'-DDT and beta-HCH for which levels were near the limits of detection. CONCLUSION: This is the first study to validate a PBPK model of POPs in infants on an individual basis. This approach will reduce sampling efforts and enable the use of individualized POP toxicokinetic profiles in the epidemiologic studies of POP adverse effects on child development.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Verner, Marc-Andre
AU  - Ayotte, Pierre
AU  - Muckle, Gina
AU  - Charbonneau, Michel
AU  - Haddad, Sami
Y1  - 2009/03//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Mar 2009
SP  - 481
EP  - 487
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Canada, Quebec
KW  - persistent organic pollutants
KW  - Physiology
KW  - Simulation
KW  - Children
KW  - Side effects
KW  - Pharmacokinetics
KW  - Infants
KW  - Blood levels
KW  - breast milk
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=A+Physiologically+Based+Pharmacokinetic+Model+for+the+Assessment+of+Infant+Exposure+to+Persistent+Organic+Pollutants+in+Epidemiologic+Studies&rft.au=Verner%2C+Marc-Andre%3BAyotte%2C+Pierre%3BMuckle%2C+Gina%3BCharbonneau%2C+Michel%3BHaddad%2C+Sami&rft.aulast=Verner&rft.aufirst=Marc-Andre&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=481&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - persistent organic pollutants; Physiology; Simulation; Children; Pharmacokinetics; Side effects; breast milk; Blood levels; Infants; Canada, Quebec
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Exposure of U.S. Children to Residential Dust Lead, 1999-2004: II. The Contribution of Lead-Contaminated Dust to Children's Blood Lead Levels
AN  - 21409993; 12122603
AB  - BACKGROUND: The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention collected health, housing, and environmental data in a single integrated national survey for the first time in the United States in 1999-2004. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to determine how floor dust lead (PbD) loadings and other housing factors influence childhood blood lead (PbB) levels and lead poisoning. METHODS: We analyzed data from the 1999-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), including 2,155 children 12-60 months of age with PbB and PbD measurements. We used linear and logistic regression models to predict log-transformed PbB and the odds that PbB was or=5 and or=10 microg/dL at a range of floor PbD. RESULTS: The population-weighted geometric mean (GM) PbB was 2.0 microg/dL (geometric standard error=1.0). Age of child, race/ethnicity, serum cotinine concentration, poverty-to-income ratio, country of birth, year of building construction, floor PbD by floor surface and condition, windowsill PbD, presence of deteriorated paint, home-apartment type, smoking in the home, and recent renovation were significant predictors in either the linear model [the proportion of variability in the dependent variable accounted for by the model (R2)=40%] or logistic model for 10 microg/dL (R2=5%). At floor PbD=12 microg/ft2, the models predict that 4.6% of children living in homes constructed before 1978 have PbBor=10 microg/dL, 27% have PbBor=5 microg/dL, and the GM PbB is 3.9 microg/dL. CONCLUSIONS: Lowering the floor PbD standard below the current standard of 40 microg/ft2 would protect more children from elevated PbB.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Dixon, Sherry L
AU  - Gaitens, Joanna M
AU  - Jacobs, David E
AU  - Strauss, Warren
AU  - Nagaraja, Jyothi
AU  - Pivetz, Tim
AU  - Wilson, W
AU  - Ashley, Peter J
Y1  - 2009/03//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Mar 2009
SP  - 468
EP  - 474
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - USA
KW  - Age
KW  - Housing
KW  - Children
KW  - Nutrition
KW  - Lead
KW  - Dust
KW  - Ethnic groups
KW  - Blood levels
KW  - Paints
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Exposure+of+U.S.+Children+to+Residential+Dust+Lead%2C+1999-2004%3A+II.+The+Contribution+of+Lead-Contaminated+Dust+to+Children%27s+Blood+Lead+Levels&rft.au=Dixon%2C+Sherry+L%3BGaitens%2C+Joanna+M%3BJacobs%2C+David+E%3BStrauss%2C+Warren%3BNagaraja%2C+Jyothi%3BPivetz%2C+Tim%3BWilson%2C+W%3BAshley%2C+Peter+J&rft.aulast=Dixon&rft.aufirst=Sherry&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=468&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Age; Housing; Children; Nutrition; Ethnic groups; Dust; Lead; Paints; Blood levels; USA
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Diesel Exhaust Particles Activate the Matrix -Metalloproteinase-1 Gene in Human Bronchial Epithelia in a [beta]-Arrestin-Dependent Manner via Activation of RAS
AN  - 21409970; 12122455
AB  - BACKGROUND: Diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) are globally relevant air pollutants that exert a detrimental human health impact. However, mechanisms of damage by DEP exposure to human respiratory health and human susceptibility factors are only partially known. Matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) has been implied as an (etio)pathogenic factor in human lung and airway diseases such as emphysema, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic asthma, tuberculosis, and bronchial carcinoma and has been reported to be regulated by DEPs. OBJECTIVE: We elucidated the molecular mechanisms of DEPs' up-regulation of MMP-1. METHODS/RESULTS: Using permanent and primary human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells at air-liquid interface, we show that DEPs activate the human MMP-1 gene via RAS and subsequent activation of RAF-MEK-ERK1/2 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling, which can be scaffolded by beta-arrestins. Short interfering RNA mediated beta-arrestin1/2 knockout eliminated formation, subsequent nuclear trafficking of phosphorylated ERK1/2, and resulting MMP-1 transcriptional activation. Transcriptional regulation of the human MMP-1 promoter was strongly influenced by the presence of the -1607GG polymorphism, present in 60-80% of humans, which led to striking up-regulation of MMP-1 transcriptional activation. CONCLUSION: Our results confirm up-regulation of MMP-1 in response to DEPs in HBE and provide new mechanistic insight into how these epithelia, the first line of protection against environmental insults, up-regulate MMP-1 in response to DEP inhalation. These mechanisms include a role for the human -1607GG polymorphism as a susceptibility factor for an accentuated response, which critically depends on the ability of beta-arrestin1/2 to generate scaffolding and nuclear trafficking of phosphorylated ERK1/2.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Li, Jinju
AU  - Ghio, Andrew J
AU  - Cho, Seung-Hyun
AU  - Brinckethoff, Constance E
AU  - Simon, Sidney A
AU  - Liedtke, Wolfgang
Y1  - 2009/03//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Mar 2009
SP  - 400
EP  - 409
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Inhalation
KW  - Mycobacterium
KW  - trafficking
KW  - Asthma
KW  - Particulates
KW  - Respiratory diseases
KW  - tuberculosis
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Lung
KW  - Proteins
KW  - Diesel engines
KW  - Exhaust emissions
KW  - chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
KW  - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION
KW  - ENA 01:Air Pollution
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Diesel+Exhaust+Particles+Activate+the+Matrix+-Metalloproteinase-1+Gene+in+Human+Bronchial+Epithelia+in+a+%5Bbeta%5D-Arrestin-Dependent+Manner+via+Activation+of+RAS&rft.au=Li%2C+Jinju%3BGhio%2C+Andrew+J%3BCho%2C+Seung-Hyun%3BBrinckethoff%2C+Constance+E%3BSimon%2C+Sidney+A%3BLiedtke%2C+Wolfgang&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Jinju&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=400&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air pollution; tuberculosis; Inhalation; Lung; trafficking; Asthma; Proteins; Respiratory diseases; Particulates; Diesel engines; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Exhaust emissions; Mycobacterium
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Activated Toxicity of Diesel Particulate Extract by Ultraviolet A Radiation in Mammalian Cells: Role of Singlet Oxygen
AN  - 21409911; 12122607
AB  - BACKGROUND: Diesel exhaust [diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) and their extracts (DPE)] and ultraviolet A radiation (UVA) are two ubiquitous environmental factors that have been identified as essential risk factors for various benign or malignant human diseases, either alone or in combination with other agents. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to investigate the synergistic effects of DPE and UVA at low-dose exposures in human-hamster hybrid (AL) cells and their underlying mechanisms. METHODS: We exposed exponentially growing AL cells to DPE and/or UVA radiation with or without reactive oxygen species (ROS) quenchers and then assayed the cells for survival, mutation induction, apoptosis, and micronucleus generation. In addition, using a singlet oxygen (1O2) trapping probe, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidone, coupled with electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, we determined the production of 1O2. RESULTS: Treatment of AL cells with DPE+UVA induced significant cytotoxic and genotoxic damage. In contrast, we found no significant damage in cells treated with either UVA or DPE alone at the same doses. Mutation spectra of CD59- mutants showed that treatment with DPE+UVA easily induces multilocus deletions. Sodium azide significantly inhibited both cellular and DNA damage induced by DPE+UVA treatment, whereas other ROS inhibitors had little protecting effect. Furthermore, we found a significant increase of 1O2 in the cells that received DPE+UVA treatment. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that UVA activated the genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of DPE in mammalian cells and that 1O2 played an important role in these processes.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Bao, Lingzhi
AU  - Xu, An
AU  - Tong, Liping
AU  - Chen, Shaopeng
AU  - Zhu, Lingyan
AU  - Zhao, Ye
AU  - Zhao, Guoping
AU  - Jiang, Erkang
AU  - Wang, Jun
AU  - Wu, Lijun
Y1  - 2009/03//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Mar 2009
SP  - 436
EP  - 441
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Sodium
KW  - Oxygen
KW  - hybrids
KW  - Genotoxicity
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - Particulates
KW  - Diesel engines
KW  - Mutation
KW  - Exhaust emissions
KW  - ENA 21:Wildlife
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Activated+Toxicity+of+Diesel+Particulate+Extract+by+Ultraviolet+A+Radiation+in+Mammalian+Cells%3A+Role+of+Singlet+Oxygen&rft.au=Bao%2C+Lingzhi%3BXu%2C+An%3BTong%2C+Liping%3BChen%2C+Shaopeng%3BZhu%2C+Lingyan%3BZhao%2C+Ye%3BZhao%2C+Guoping%3BJiang%2C+Erkang%3BWang%2C+Jun%3BWu%2C+Lijun&rft.aulast=Bao&rft.aufirst=Lingzhi&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=436&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sodium; Oxygen; hybrids; Genotoxicity; Particulates; Toxicity; Mutation; Diesel engines; Exhaust emissions
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Neighborhood Food Environment and Walkability Predict Obesity in New York City
AN  - 21402857; 12122606
AB  - BACKGROUND: Differences in the neighborhood food environment may contribute to disparities in obesity. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to examine the association of neighborhood food environments with body mass index (BMI) and obesity after control for neighborhood walkability. METHODS: This study employed a cross-sectional, multilevel analysis of BMI and obesity among 13,102 adult residents of New York City. We constructed measures of the food environment and walkability for the neighborhood, defined as a half-mile buffer around the study subject's home address. RESULTS: Density of BMI-healthy food outlets (supermarkets, fruit and vegetable markets, and natural food stores) was inversely associated with BMI. Mean adjusted BMI was similar in the first two quintiles of healthy food density (0 and 1.13 stores/km2, respectively), but declined across the three higher quintiles and was 0.80 units lower [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.27-1.32] in the fifth quintile (10.98 stores/km2) than in the first. The prevalence ratio for obesity comparing the fifth quintile of healthy food density with the lowest two quintiles combined was 0.87 (95% CI, 0.78-0.97). These associations remained after control for two neighborhood walkability measures, population density and land-use mix. The prevalence ratio for obesity for the fourth versus first quartile of population density was 0.84 (95% CI, 0.73-0.96) and for land-use mix was 0.91 (95% CI, 0.86-0.97). Increasing density of food outlets categorized as BMI-unhealthy was not significantly associated with BMI or obesity. CONCLUSIONS: Access to BMI-healthy food stores is associated with lower BMI and lower prevalence of obesity.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Rundle, Andrew
AU  - Neckerman, Kathryn M
AU  - Freeman, Lance
AU  - Lovasi, Gina S
AU  - Purciel, Marnie
AU  - Quinn, James
AU  - Richards, Catherine
AU  - Sircar, Neelanjan
AU  - Weiss, Christopher
Y1  - 2009/03//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Mar 2009
SP  - 442
EP  - 447
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - USA, New York, New York City
KW  - body mass
KW  - buffers
KW  - fruits
KW  - obesity
KW  - Population density
KW  - Land use
KW  - Urban areas
KW  - ENA 13:Population Planning & Control
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21402857?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Neighborhood+Food+Environment+and+Walkability+Predict+Obesity+in+New+York+City&rft.au=Rundle%2C+Andrew%3BNeckerman%2C+Kathryn+M%3BFreeman%2C+Lance%3BLovasi%2C+Gina+S%3BPurciel%2C+Marnie%3BQuinn%2C+James%3BRichards%2C+Catherine%3BSircar%2C+Neelanjan%3BWeiss%2C+Christopher&rft.aulast=Rundle&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=442&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - body mass; buffers; fruits; Population density; obesity; Land use; Urban areas; USA, New York, New York City
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Manganese Neurotoxicity: Lessons Learned from Longitudinal Studies in Nonhuman Primates
AN  - 21402251; 12122622
AB  - BACKGROUND: Exposure to excess levels of the essential trace element manganese produces cognitive, psychiatric, and motor abnormalities. The understanding of Mn neurotoxicology is heavily governed by pathologic and neurochemical observations derived from rodent studies that often employ acute Mn exposures. The comparatively sparse studies incorporating in vivo neuroimaging in nonhuman primates provide invaluable insights on the effects of Mn on brain chemistry. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this review is to discuss important aspects of Mn neurotoxicology and to synthesize recent findings from one of the largest cohorts of nonhuman primates used to study the neurologic effects of chronic Mn exposure. DISCUSSION: We reviewed our recent in vivo and ex vivo studies that have significantly advanced the understanding of Mn-induced neurotoxicity. In those studies, we administered weekly doses of 3.3-5.0 (n=4), 5.0-6.7 (n=5), or 8.3-10.0 mg Mn/kg (n=3) for 7-59 weeks to cynomolgus macaque monkeys. Animals expressed subtle deficits in cognition and motor function and decreases in the N-acetylaspartate-to-creatine ratio in the parietal cortex measured by magnetic resonance spectroscopy reflective of neuronal dysfunction. Impaired striatal dopamine release measured by positron emission tomography was observed in the absence of changes in markers of dopamine neuron degeneration. Neuropathology indicated decreased glutamine synthetase expression in the globus pallidus with otherwise normal markers of glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmission. Increased amyloid beta (A4) precursor-like protein 1 gene expression with multiple markers of neurodegeneration and glial cell activation was observed in the frontal cortex. CONCLUSIONS: These findings provide new information on mechanisms by which Mn affects behavior, neurotransmitter function, and neuropathology in nonhuman primates.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Burton, Neal C
AU  - Guilarte, Tomas R
Y1  - 2009/03//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Mar 2009
SP  - 325
EP  - 332
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - cognitive ability
KW  - Macaca
KW  - Reviews
KW  - Neurotoxicity
KW  - Emissions
KW  - Brain
KW  - Cynomolgus
KW  - Primates
KW  - Manganese
KW  - longitudinal studies
KW  - rodents
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21402251?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Manganese+Neurotoxicity%3A+Lessons+Learned+from+Longitudinal+Studies+in+Nonhuman+Primates&rft.au=Burton%2C+Neal+C%3BGuilarte%2C+Tomas+R&rft.aulast=Burton&rft.aufirst=Neal&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=325&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cognitive ability; Reviews; Neurotoxicity; Brain; Emissions; Manganese; Primates; rodents; longitudinal studies; Macaca; Cynomolgus
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Ultraviolet Photolysis of Chlorpyrifos: Developmental Neurotoxicity Modeled in PC12 Cells
AN  - 21402225; 12122621
AB  - BACKGROUND: Ultraviolet photodegradation products from pesticides form both in the field and during water treatment. OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the photolytic breakdown of the organophosphate pesticide chlorpyrifos (CPF) in terms of both the chemical entities generated by low-pressure ultraviolet C irradiation and their potential as developmental neurotoxicants. METHODS: We separated by-products using high-performance liquid chromatography and characterized them by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. We assessed neurotoxicity in neuronotypic PC12 cells, both in the undifferentiated state and during differentiation. RESULTS: Photodegradation of CPF in methanol solution generated CPF oxon and trichloropyridinol, products known to retain developmental neurotoxicant actions, as well as a series of related organophosphate and phosphorothionate derivatives. Exposure conditions that led to 50% degradation of CPF thus did not reduce developmental neurotoxicity. The degradation mixture inhibited DNA synthesis in undifferentiated cells to the same extent as native CPF. In differentiating cells, the products likewise retained the full ability to elicit shortfalls in cell number and corresponding effects on cell growth and neurite formation. When the exposure was prolonged to the point where 70% of the CPF was degraded, the adverse effects on PC12 cells were no longer evident; however, these conditions were sufficiently severe to generate toxic products from the methanol vehicle. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that field conditions or remediation treatments that degrade a significant proportion of the CPF do not necessarily produce inactive products and, indeed, may elicit formation of even more toxic chemicals that are more water soluble and thus have greater field mobility than CPF itself.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Slotkin, Theodore A
AU  - Seidler, Frederic J
AU  - Wu, Changlong
AU  - MacKillop, Emiko A
AU  - Linden, Karl G
Y1  - 2009/03//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Mar 2009
SP  - 338
EP  - 343
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Chlorpyrifos
KW  - Photodegradation
KW  - Degradation
KW  - Mobility
KW  - Organophosphates
KW  - Pesticides
KW  - Neurotoxicity
KW  - Byproducts
KW  - Side effects
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21402225?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Ultraviolet+Photolysis+of+Chlorpyrifos%3A+Developmental+Neurotoxicity+Modeled+in+PC12+Cells&rft.au=Slotkin%2C+Theodore+A%3BSeidler%2C+Frederic+J%3BWu%2C+Changlong%3BMacKillop%2C+Emiko+A%3BLinden%2C+Karl+G&rft.aulast=Slotkin&rft.aufirst=Theodore&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=338&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chlorpyrifos; Mobility; Degradation; Photodegradation; Organophosphates; Byproducts; Neurotoxicity; Pesticides; Side effects
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Concentrated Ambient Particles Alter Myocardial Blood Flow during Acute Ischemia in Conscious Canines
AN  - 21397457; 12122620
AB  - BACKGROUND: Experimental and observational studies have demonstrated that short-term exposure to ambient particulate matter (PM) exacerbates myocardial ischemia. OBJECTIVES: We conducted this study to investigate the effects of concentrated ambient particles (CAPs) on myocardial blood flow during myocardial ischemia in chronically instrumented conscious canines. METHODS: Eleven canines were instrumented with a balloon occluder around the left anterior descending coronary artery and catheters for determination of myocardial blood flow using fluorescent microspheres. Telemetric electrocardiographic and blood pressure monitoring was available for four of these animals. After recovery, we exposed animals by inhalation to 5 hr of either filtered air or CAPs (mean concentration+/-SD, 349.0+/-282.6 microg/m3) in a crossover protocol. We determined myocardial blood flow during a 5-min coronary artery occlusion immediately after each exposure. Data were analyzed using mixed models for repeated measures. The primary analysis was based on four canines that completed the protocol. RESULTS: CAPs exposure decreased total myocardial blood flow during coronary artery occlusion by 0.12 mL/min/g (p0.001) and was accompanied by a 13% (p0.001) increase in coronary vascular resistance. Rate-pressure product, an index of myocardial oxygen demand, did not differ by exposure (p=0.90). CAPs effects on myocardial blood flow were significantly more pronounced in myocardium within or near the ischemic zone versus more remote myocardium (p interaction0.001). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that PM exacerbates myocardial ischemia by increased coronary vascular resistance and decreased myocardial perfusion. Further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanism of these effects.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Bartoli, Carlo R
AU  - Wellenius, Gregory A
AU  - Coull, Brent A
AU  - Akiyama, Ichiro
AU  - Diaz, Edgar A
AU  - Lawrence, Joy
AU  - Okabe, Kazunori
AU  - Verrier, Richard L
AU  - Godleski, John J
Y1  - 2009/03//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Mar 2009
SP  - 333
EP  - 337
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Inhalation
KW  - Oxygen
KW  - blood pressure
KW  - Particulates
KW  - medical instruments
KW  - ENA 01:Air Pollution
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21397457?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Concentrated+Ambient+Particles+Alter+Myocardial+Blood+Flow+during+Acute+Ischemia+in+Conscious+Canines&rft.au=Bartoli%2C+Carlo+R%3BWellenius%2C+Gregory+A%3BCoull%2C+Brent+A%3BAkiyama%2C+Ichiro%3BDiaz%2C+Edgar+A%3BLawrence%2C+Joy%3BOkabe%2C+Kazunori%3BVerrier%2C+Richard+L%3BGodleski%2C+John+J&rft.aulast=Bartoli&rft.aufirst=Carlo&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=333&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Inhalation; Oxygen; blood pressure; medical instruments; Particulates
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Proteasome is a Molecular Target of Environmental Toxic Organotins
AN  - 21397402; 12122610
AB  - BACKGROUND: Because of the vital importance of the proteasome pathway, chemicals affecting proteasome activity could disrupt essential cellular processes. Although the toxicity of organotins to both invertebrates and vertebrates is well known, the essential cellular target of organotins has not been well identified. We hypothesize that the proteasome is a molecular target of environmental toxic organotins. OBJECTIVES: Our goal was to test the above hypothesis by investigating whether organotins could inhibit the activity of purified and cellular proteasomes and, if so, the involved molecular mechanisms and downstream events. RESULTS: We found that some toxic organotins [e.g., triphenyltin (TPT)] can potently and preferentially inhibit the chymotrypsin-like activity of purified 20S proteasomes and human breast cancer cellular 26S proteasomes. Direct binding of tin atoms to cellular proteasomes is responsible for the observed irreversible inhibition. Inhibition of cellular proteasomes by TPT in several human cell lines results in the accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins and natural proteasome target proteins, accompanied by induction of cell death. CONCLUSIONS: The proteasome is one of the molecular targets of environmental toxic organotins in human cells, and proteasome inhibition by organotins contributes to their cellular toxicity.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Shi, Guoqing
AU  - Chen, Di
AU  - Zhai, Guangshu
AU  - Chen, Marina S
AU  - Cui, Qiuzhi Cindy
AU  - Zhou, Qunfang
AU  - He, Bin
AU  - Dou, Q Ping
AU  - Jiang, Guibin
Y1  - 2009/03//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Mar 2009
SP  - 379
EP  - 386
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Chemicals
KW  - Mortality
KW  - downstream
KW  - Proteins
KW  - Breast cancer
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - Tin
KW  - invertebrates
KW  - Cancer
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21397402?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+Proteasome+is+a+Molecular+Target+of+Environmental+Toxic+Organotins&rft.au=Shi%2C+Guoqing%3BChen%2C+Di%3BZhai%2C+Guangshu%3BChen%2C+Marina+S%3BCui%2C+Qiuzhi+Cindy%3BZhou%2C+Qunfang%3BHe%2C+Bin%3BDou%2C+Q+Ping%3BJiang%2C+Guibin&rft.aulast=Shi&rft.aufirst=Guoqing&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=379&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chemicals; Mortality; downstream; Breast cancer; Proteins; Tin; Toxicity; Cancer; invertebrates
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Methylmercury Exposure and Adverse Cardiovascular Effects in Faroese Whaling Men
AN  - 21384617; 12122619
AB  - BACKGROUND: Methylmercury (MeHg), a worldwide contaminant found in fish and seafood, has been linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular mortality. OBJECTIVE: We examined 42 Faroese whaling men (30-70 years of age) to assess possible adverse effects within a wide range of MeHg exposures from consumption of pilot whale meat. METHODS: We assessed exposure levels from mercury analysis of toenails and whole blood (obtained at the time of clinical examination), and a hair sample collected 7 years previously. Outcome measures included heart rate variability (HRV), blood pressure (BP), common carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), and brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEP). We carried out multiple regression and structural equation model (SEM) analyses to determine the confounder-adjusted effect of mercury exposure. Taking into account correlations among related measures, we categorized exposure and outcomes in groups to derive latent exposure and response variables in SEMs. We used multiple regression analysis to compare the predictive validity of individual exposure biomarkers and the latent exposure variable on individual and latent outcomes. RESULTS: The toenail mercury concentrations varied widely and had a geometric mean of 2.0 microg/g; hair concentrations averaged about 3-fold higher. Mercury exposure was significantly associated with increased BP and IMT. This effect was reflected by SEMs, but mercury in toenails tended to be the best effect predictor. CONCLUSIONS: The results support the notion that increased MeHg exposure promotes the development of cardiovascular disease.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Choi, Anna L
AU  - Weihe, Pal
AU  - Budtz-Joergensen, Esben
AU  - Joergensen, Poul J
AU  - Salonen, Jukka T
AU  - Tuomainen, Tomi-Pekka
AU  - Murata, Katsuyuki
AU  - Nielsen, Petur
AU  - Petersen, Maria Skaalum
AU  - Askham, Jorun
AU  - Grandjean, Philippe
PY  - 2009
SP  - 367
EP  - 372
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Bioindicators
KW  - Prediction
KW  - Methylmercury
KW  - Methyl mercury
KW  - whaling
KW  - Pollution effects
KW  - Biomarkers
KW  - Hair
KW  - Toxicity tests
KW  - Globicephala
KW  - heart rate
KW  - Mercury
KW  - ANE, Atlantic, Faeroe Is.
KW  - Fish
KW  - Seafood
KW  - Pollution indicators
KW  - Side effects
KW  - Whaling
KW  - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms
KW  - Q1 08442:Population dynamics
KW  - O 4060:Pollution - Environment
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Methylmercury+Exposure+and+Adverse+Cardiovascular+Effects+in+Faroese+Whaling+Men&rft.au=Choi%2C+Anna+L%3BWeihe%2C+Pal%3BBudtz-Joergensen%2C+Esben%3BJoergensen%2C+Poul+J%3BSalonen%2C+Jukka+T%3BTuomainen%2C+Tomi-Pekka%3BMurata%2C+Katsuyuki%3BNielsen%2C+Petur%3BPetersen%2C+Maria+Skaalum%3BAskham%2C+Jorun%3BGrandjean%2C+Philippe&rft.aulast=Choi&rft.aufirst=Anna&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=367&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-01-21
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Prediction; Methyl mercury; Pollution effects; Mercury; Seafood; Biomarkers; Pollution indicators; Toxicity tests; Whaling; Bioindicators; Methylmercury; heart rate; whaling; Fish; Hair; Side effects; Globicephala; ANE, Atlantic, Faeroe Is.
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Profiling Chemicals Based on Chronic Toxicity Results from the U.S. EPA ToxRef Database
AN  - 21384590; 12122608
AB  - BACKGROUND: Thirty years of pesticide registration toxicity data have been historically stored as hardcopy and scanned documents by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). A significant portion of these data have now been processed into standardized and structured toxicity data within the EPA's Toxicity Reference Database (ToxRefDB), including chronic, cancer, developmental, and reproductive studies from laboratory animals. These data are now accessible and mineable within ToxRefDB and are serving as a primary source of validation for U.S. EPA's ToxCast research program in predictive toxicology. OBJECTIVES: We profiled in vivo toxicities across 310 chemicals as a model application of ToxRefDB, meeting the need for detailed anchoring end points for development of ToxCast predictive signatures. METHODS: Using query and structured data-mining approaches, we generated toxicity profiles from ToxRefDB based on long-term rodent bioassays. These chronic/cancer data were analyzed for suitability as anchoring end points based on incidence, target organ, severity, potency, and significance. RESULTS: Under conditions of the bioassays, we observed pathologies for 273 of 310 chemicals, with greater preponderance (90%) occurring in the liver, kidney, thyroid, lung, testis, and spleen. We observed proliferative lesions for 225 chemicals, and 167 chemicals caused progression to cancer-related pathologies. CONCLUSIONS: Based on incidence, severity, and potency, we selected 26 primarily tissue-specific pathology end points to uniformly classify the 310 chemicals. The resulting toxicity profile classifications demonstrate the utility of structuring legacy toxicity information and facilitating the computation of these data within ToxRefDB for ToxCast and other applications.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Martin, Matthew T
AU  - Judson, Richard S
AU  - Reif, David M
AU  - Kavlock, Robert J
AU  - Dix, David J
Y1  - 2009/03//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Mar 2009
SP  - 392
EP  - 399
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Chemicals
KW  - EPA
KW  - USA
KW  - Bioassays
KW  - Pathology
KW  - Lung
KW  - classification
KW  - Kidney
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - Cancer
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21384590?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Profiling+Chemicals+Based+on+Chronic+Toxicity+Results+from+the+U.S.+EPA+ToxRef+Database&rft.au=Martin%2C+Matthew+T%3BJudson%2C+Richard+S%3BReif%2C+David+M%3BKavlock%2C+Robert+J%3BDix%2C+David+J&rft.aulast=Martin&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=392&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chemicals; EPA; Bioassays; Pathology; Lung; classification; Kidney; Toxicity; Cancer; USA
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Lactational Exposure to Polychlorinated Biphenyls, Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, and Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene and Infant Neurodevelopment: An Analysis of the Pregnancy, Infection, and Nutrition Babies Study
AN  - 21384527; 12122600
AB  - BACKGROUND: Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) are persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic pollutants that were broadly used in the United States until the 1970s. Common exposure to PCBs, DDT, and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), the most stable metabolite of DDT, may influence children's neurodevelopment, but study results are not consistent. OBJECTIVES: We examined the associations between lactational exposure to PCBs, DDT, and DDE and infant development at 12 months, using data from the Pregnancy, Infection, and Nutrition Babies Study, 2004-2006. METHODS: We measured PCBs, DDT, and DDE in breast milk at the third month postpartum. Lactational exposure of these chemicals was estimated by the product of chemical concentrations and the duration of breast-feeding. Infant development at 12 months of age was measured by the Mullen Scales of Early Learning (n=231) and the Short Form: Level I (infant) of the MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Indices (n=218). RESULTS: No consistent associations were observed between lactational exposure to PCBs, DDT, and DDE through the first 12 months and the measures of infant development. However, DDE was associated with scoring below average on the gross motor scale of the Mullen among males only (adjusted odds ratio=1.9; 95% confidence interval, 1.1-3.3). CONCLUSION: Infant neurodevelopment at 12 months of age was not impaired by PCBs, DDT, and DDE at the concentrations measured here, in combination with benefits from long duration of breast-feeding in this population.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Pan, I-Jen
AU  - Daniels, Julie L
AU  - Goldman, Barbara D
AU  - Herring, Amy H
AU  - Siega-Riz, Anna Maria
AU  - Rogan, Walter J
Y1  - 2009/03//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Mar 2009
SP  - 488
EP  - 494
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Chemicals
KW  - USA
KW  - Insecticides
KW  - Nitrous oxide
KW  - DDT
KW  - DDE
KW  - infection
KW  - PCB compounds
KW  - Nutrition
KW  - Infants
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chemicals; Insecticides; Nitrous oxide; DDE; DDT; infection; Nutrition; PCB compounds; Infants; USA
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Exposure of U.S. Children to Residential Dust Lead, 1999-2004: I. Housing and Demographic Factors
AN  - 21383564; 12122194
AB  - BACKGROUND: Lead-contaminated house dust is a major source of lead exposure for children in the United States. In 1999-2004, the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) collected dust lead (PbD) loading samples from the homes of children 12-60 months of age. OBJECTIVES: In this study we aimed to compare national PbD levels with existing health-based standards and to identify housing and demographic factors associated with floor and windowsill PbD. METHODS: We used NHANES PbD data (n=2,065 from floors and n=1,618 from windowsills) and covariates to construct linear and logistic regression models. RESULTS: The population-weighted geometric mean floor and windowsill PbD were 0.5 microg/ft2 [geometric standard error (GSE)=1.0] and 7.6 microg/ft2 (GSE=1.0), respectively. Only 0.16% of the floors and 4.0% of the sills had PbD at or above current federal standards of 40 and 250 microg/ft2, respectively. Income, race/ethnicity, floor surface/condition, windowsill PbD, year of construction, recent renovation, smoking, and survey year were significant predictors of floor PbD [the proportion of variability in the dependent variable accounted for by the model (R2)=35%]. A similar set of predictors plus the presence of large areas of exterior deteriorated paint in pre-1950 homes and the presence of interior deteriorated paint explained 20% of the variability in sill PbD. A companion article [Dixon et al. Environ Health Perspect 117:468-474 (2009)] describes the relationship between children's blood lead and PbD. CONCLUSION: Most houses with children have PbD levels that comply with federal standards but may put children at risk. Factors associated with PbD in our population-based models are primarily the same as factors identified in smaller at-risk cohorts. PbD on floors and windowsills should be kept as low as possible to protect children.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Gaitens, Joanna M
AU  - Dixon, Sherry L
AU  - Jacobs, David E
AU  - Nagaraja, Jyothi
AU  - Strauss, Warren
AU  - Wilson, Jonathan W
AU  - Ashley, Peter J
Y1  - 2009/03//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Mar 2009
SP  - 461
EP  - 467
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - demography
KW  - USA
KW  - House dust
KW  - Housing
KW  - Residential areas
KW  - Children
KW  - Lead
KW  - Dust
KW  - Paints
KW  - Blood levels
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - demography; House dust; Housing; Residential areas; Children; Dust; Lead; Blood levels; Paints; USA
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Apparent Half-Lives of Dioxins, Furans, and Polychlorinated Biphenyls as a Function of Age, Body Fat, Smoking Status, and Breast-Feeding
AN  - 21359078; 12122614
AB  - OBJECTIVE: In this study we reviewed the half-life data in the literature for the 29 dioxin, furan, and polychlorinated biphenyl congeners named in the World Health Organization toxic equivalency factor scheme, with the aim of providing a reference value for the half-life of each congener in the human body and a method of half-life estimation that accounts for an individual's personal characteristics. DATA SOURCES AND EXTRACTION: We compared data from 30 studies containing congener-specific elimination rates. Half-life data were extracted and compiled into a summary table. We then created a subset of these data based on defined exclusionary criteria. DATA SYNTHESIS: We defined values for each congener that approximate the half-life in an infant and in an adult. A linear interpolation of these values was used to examine the relationship between half-life and age, percent body fat, and absolute body fat. We developed predictive equations based on these relationships and adjustments for individual characteristics. CONCLUSIONS: The half-life of dioxins in the body can be predicted using a linear relationship with age adjusted for body fat, smoking, and breast-feeding. Data suggest an alternative method based on a linear relationship between half-life and total body fat, but this approach requires further testing and validation with individual measurements.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Milbrath, Meghan O'Grady
AU  - Wenger, Yvan
AU  - Chang, Chiung-Wen
AU  - Emond, Claude
AU  - Garabrant, David
AU  - Gillespie, Brenda W
AU  - Jolliet, Olivier
Y1  - 2009/03//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Mar 2009
SP  - 417
EP  - 425
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Smoking
KW  - Age
KW  - Reviews
KW  - Furans
KW  - PCB compounds
KW  - Dioxins
KW  - Infants
KW  - ENA 07:General
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Smoking; Age; Reviews; Furans; PCB compounds; Dioxins; Infants
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Proximity to Traffic: Inflammation, and Immune Function among Women in the Seattle, Washington, Area
AN  - 21359060; 12122612
AB  - BACKGROUND: Traffic-related air pollution has been associated with adverse health outcomes, and the immune system may be a biologic mediator of health effects. OBJECTIVES: We analyzed associations between living near major roads and immune status as measured by five immune assays. We hypothesized that living near a freeway, arterial, or truck route would be associated with increased inflammation and decreased immune function. METHODS: We used a geographic information system (GIS) to determine residential proximity to major roads among 115 postmenopausal, overweight women in the greater Seattle, Washington (USA), area whose immunity was assessed at the baseline visit of an exercise intervention trial. We evaluated three inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein, serum amyloid A, and interleukin-6) and two functional assays of cellular immunity [natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity and T-lymphocyte proliferation]. RESULTS: Women living within 150 m of arterial roads had 21% lower NK cytotoxicity compared with women who lived farther from an arterial [mean cytotoxicity, 19.5%; 95% confidence interval (CI), 15.6-23.5%; vs. mean cytotoxicity, 24.8%; 95% CI, 22.0-27.5%], after adjustment for both individual-level and census tract-level demographic characteristics. This association was limited to women who reported exercising near traffic. Fewer women lived near freeways and truck routes. Markers of inflammation and lymphocyte proliferation did not consistently differ according to proximity to major roads. CONCLUSIONS: If the observed association between residential proximity to traffic and decreased NK cytotoxicity is confirmed in other populations, our results may have implications for local land use policy.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Williams, Lori A
AU  - Ulrich, Cornelia M
AU  - Larson, Timothy
AU  - Wener, Mark H
AU  - Wood, Brent
AU  - Campbell, Peter T
AU  - Potter, John D
AU  - McTiernan, Anne
AU  - De Roos, Annecleire J
Y1  - 2009/03//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Mar 2009
SP  - 373
EP  - 378
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Immune status
KW  - Bioindicators
KW  - census
KW  - post-menopause
KW  - immune system
KW  - Combustion products
KW  - obesity
KW  - Remote sensing
KW  - Land use
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Cytotoxicity
KW  - traffic
KW  - intervention
KW  - INE, USA, Washington, Seattle
KW  - Trucks
KW  - Geographic information systems
KW  - Automotive exhaust emissions
KW  - Immune response
KW  - Females
KW  - Highways
KW  - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION
KW  - ENA 01:Air Pollution
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - census; Bioindicators; Immune status; immune system; post-menopause; Combustion products; Remote sensing; obesity; Land use; Air pollution; Cytotoxicity; traffic; intervention; Trucks; Females; Immune response; Automotive exhaust emissions; Geographic information systems; Highways; INE, USA, Washington, Seattle
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Mechanisms of Inhaled Fine Particulate Air Pollution-Induced Arterial Blood Pressure Changes
AN  - 21354716; 12122618
AB  - BACKGROUND: Epidemiologic studies suggest a positive association between fine particulate matter and arterial blood pressure, but the results have been inconsistent. OBJECTIVES: We investigated the effect of ambient particles on systemic hemodynamics during a 5-hr exposure to concentrated ambient air particles (CAPs) or filtered air (FA) in conscious canines. METHODS: Thirteen dogs were repeatedly exposed via permanent tracheostomy to CAPs (358.1+/-306.7 microg/m3, mean+/-SD) or FA in a crossover protocol (55 CAPs days, 63 FA days). Femoral artery blood pressure was monitored continuously via implanted telemetry devices. We measured baroreceptor reflex sensitivity before and after exposure in a subset of these experiments (n=10 dogs, 19 CAPs days, 20 FA days). In additional experiments, we administered alpha-adrenergic blockade before exposure (n=8 dogs, 16 CAPs days, 15 FA days). Blood pressure, heart rate, rate-pressure product, and baroreceptor reflex sensitivity responses were compared using linear mixed-effects models. RESULTS: CAPs exposure increased systolic blood pressure (2.7+/-1.0 mmHg, p=0.006), diastolic blood pressure (4.1+/-0.8 mmHg; p0.001), mean arterial pressure (3.7+/-0.8 mmHg; p0.001), heart rate (1.6+/-0.5 bpm; p0.001), and rate-pressure product (539+/-110 bpm x mmHg; p0.001), and decreased pulse pressure (-1.7+/-0.7 mmHg, p=0.02). These changes were accompanied by a 20+/-6 msec/mmHg (p=0.005) increase in baroreceptor reflex sensitivity after CAPs versus FA. After alpha-adrenergic blockade, responses to CAPs and FA no longer differed significantly. CONCLUSIONS: Controlled exposure to ambient particles elevates arterial blood pressure. Increased peripheral vascular resistance may mediate these changes, whereas increased baroreceptor reflex sensitivity may compensate for particle-induced alterations in blood pressure.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Bartoli, Carlo R
AU  - Wellenius, Gregory A
AU  - Diaz, Edgar A
AU  - Lawrence, Joy
AU  - Coull, Brent A
AU  - Akiyama, Ichiro
AU  - Lee, Lani M
AU  - Okabe, Kazunori
AU  - Verrier, Richard L
AU  - Goldleski, John J
Y1  - 2009/03//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Mar 2009
SP  - 361
EP  - 366
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Sensitivity
KW  - blood pressure
KW  - heart rate
KW  - Particulates
KW  - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION
KW  - ENA 01:Air Pollution
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sensitivity; heart rate; blood pressure; Particulates
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Exposure to Mouse Allergen in U.S. Homes Associated with Asthma Symptoms
AN  - 21352331; 12122613
AB  - BACKGROUND: Most studies investigating the role of residential mouse allergen exposures in asthma have focused on inner-city populations. OBJECTIVE: We examined whether elevated mouse allergen levels were associated with occupants' asthma status in a nationally representative sample of U.S. households. METHODS: Data for this study were collected as part of the National Survey of Lead and Allergens in Housing. This cross-sectional study surveyed 831 housing units inhabited by 2,456 individuals in 75 different locations throughout the United States. The survey obtained information on demographics, household characteristics, and occupants' health status by questionnaire and environmental observations. We used a polyclonal immunoassay to assess concentrations of mouse urinary protein (MUP) in vacuumed dust collected from various indoor sites. RESULTS: Of the surveyed homes, 82% had detectable levels of MUP, and in 35% of the homes, MUP concentrations exceeded 1.6 microg/g, a level that has been associated with increased mouse allergen sensitization rates. Current asthma, defined as having doctor-diagnosed asthma and asthma symptoms in the preceding 12 months, was positively associated with increased MUP levels. The observed association was modified by atopic status; in allergic individuals, elevated MUP levels (1.6 microg/g) increased the odds of having asthma symptoms [adjusted OR=1.93; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.14-3.27], but we found no association in those who did not report allergies (adjusted OR=0.69; 95% CI, 0.33-1.44). CONCLUSIONS: In allergic asthma, residential mouse allergen exposure is an important risk factor for asthma morbidity.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Salo, Paeivi M
AU  - Jaramillo, Renee
AU  - Cohn, Richard D
AU  - London, Stephanie J
AU  - Zeldin, Darryl C
Y1  - 2009/03//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Mar 2009
SP  - 387
EP  - 391
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - USA
KW  - households
KW  - Housing
KW  - Urine
KW  - Allergens
KW  - Asthma
KW  - Respiratory diseases
KW  - Allergies
KW  - Lead
KW  - Morbidity
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - households; Housing; Urine; Allergens; Asthma; Respiratory diseases; Allergies; Morbidity; Lead; USA
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Effects of Fine Particle Components on Respiratory Hospital Admissions in Children
AN  - 21352290; 12122602
AB  - BACKGROUND: Epidemiologic studies have demonstrated an association between acute exposure to ambient fine particles and both mortality and morbidity. Less is known about the relative impacts of the specific chemical constituents of particulate matter2.5 microm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5) on hospital admissions. OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to estimate the risks of exposure to PM2.5 and several species on hospital admissions for respiratory diseases among children. DATA AND METHODS: We obtained data on daily counts of hospitalizations for children19 and 5 years of age for total respiratory diseases and several subcategories including pneumonia, acute bronchitis, and asthma for six California counties from 2000 through 2003, as well as ambient concentrations of PM2.5 and its constituents, including elemental carbon (EC), organic carbon (OC), and nitrates (NO3). We used Poisson regression to estimate risks while controlling for important covariates. RESULTS: We observed associations between several components of PM2.5 and hospitalization for all of the respiratory outcomes examined. For example, for total respiratory admissions for children19 years of age, the interquartile range for a 3-day lag of PM2.5, EC, OC, NO3, and sulfates was associated with an excess risk of 4.1% [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.8-6.4], 5.4% (95% CI, 0.8-10.3), 3.4% (95% CI, 1.1-5.7), 3.3% (95% CI, 1.1-5.5), and 3.0% (95% CI, 0.4-5.7), respectively. We also observed associations for several metals. Additional associations with several of the species, including potassium, were observed in the cool season. CONCLUSION: Components of PM2.5 were associated with hospitalization for several childhood respiratory diseases including pneumonia, bronchitis, and asthma. Because exposure to components (e.g., EC, OC, NO3, and K) and their related sources, including diesel and gasoline exhaust, wood smoke, and other combustion sources, are ubiquitous in the urban environment, it likely represents an identifiable and preventable risk factor for hospitalization for children.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Ostro, Bart
AU  - Roth, Lindsey
AU  - Malig, Brian
AU  - Marty, Melanie
Y1  - 2009/03//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Mar 2009
SP  - 475
EP  - 480
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Particle size
KW  - Age
KW  - Asthma
KW  - Wood
KW  - USA, California
KW  - Particulates
KW  - Respiratory diseases
KW  - Children
KW  - Hospitals
KW  - Combustion
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Particle size; Age; Wood; Asthma; Respiratory diseases; Particulates; Children; Combustion; Hospitals; USA, California
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Sources, turnover and bioavailability of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) in the Colne estuary, UK
AN  - 21115189; 10070031
AB  - The significance of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) as a eutrophication pressure in the Colne estuary, eastern England, was studied. DON comprised a significant proportion (19%) of the annual total dissolved N load to the Colne estuary. DON concentrations in the upper Colne estuary correlated seasonally with river flow; in contrast, DON inputs from the Colchester sewage treatment works (STW) were constant seasonally, and during summer exceeded the input of DON from the river. Bioassays showed that only 2.2 to 5.2% of DON were bioavailable at any given time, and bioavailability was significantly lower in STW DON than in fluvial DON. Degradation of DON within the estuarine water column followed first-order kinetics and was very slow (mean 0.4% of DON removed d super(-1)) although removal by the bottom sediments was faster (mean 3% DON d super(-1)). The low bioavailability and slow breakdown rate of DON, compared to the typical freshwater flushing time of water in the estuary, meant that the DON load, though considerable, did not represent a significant eutrophication pressure within the estuary. Most DON was degraded outside the estuary in the coastal zone.
JF  - Marine Ecology Progress Series
AU  - Agedah, E C
AU  - Binalaiyifa, HE
AU  - Ball, A S
AU  - Nedwell, D B
AD  - Department of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester CO4 3SQ, UK super(2)Present address: Department of Biology, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State, Nigeria super(3)Present address: Flinders University, School of Biological Sciences, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia, nedwd@essex.ac.uk
Y1  - 2009/03//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Mar 2009
SP  - 23
EP  - 33
PB  - Inter-Research, Nordbuente 23 Oldendorf/Luhe 21385 Germany, [mailto:ir@int-res.com], [URL:http://www.int-res.com/]
VL  - 382
SN  - 0171-8630, 0171-8630
KW  - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality
KW  - Dissolved organic nitrogen
KW  - DON
KW  - Bioavailability
KW  - Estuarine N loads
KW  - Degradation
KW  - Eutrophication
KW  - Estuarine sedimentation
KW  - Water column
KW  - Nitrogen Compounds
KW  - ANE, British Isles, England
KW  - River Flow
KW  - organic nitrogen
KW  - dissolved organic nitrogen
KW  - ANE, British Isles, England, Essex, Colne Estuary
KW  - Pressure
KW  - Sewage treatment
KW  - Rivers
KW  - Freshwater environments
KW  - Estuaries
KW  - River discharge
KW  - Brackish
KW  - rivers
KW  - Sediments
KW  - Coastal zone
KW  - Bioaccumulation
KW  - Bioassays
KW  - Water Pollution Effects
KW  - Kinetics
KW  - Load Distribution
KW  - Flushing time
KW  - water column
KW  - summer
KW  - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate
KW  - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes
KW  - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION
KW  - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies
KW  - O 4060:Pollution - Environment
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21115189?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Ecology+Progress+Series&rft.atitle=Sources%2C+turnover+and+bioavailability+of+dissolved+organic+nitrogen+%28DON%29+in+the+Colne+estuary%2C+UK&rft.au=Agedah%2C+E+C%3BBinalaiyifa%2C+HE%3BBall%2C+A+S%3BNedwell%2C+D+B&rft.aulast=Agedah&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=382&rft.issue=&rft.spage=23&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Ecology+Progress+Series&rft.issn=01718630&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-07-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-08-19
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Coastal zone; Eutrophication; Estuaries; Flushing time; River discharge; Dissolved organic nitrogen; Estuarine sedimentation; Sewage treatment; Rivers; Bioavailability; Freshwater environments; dissolved organic nitrogen; Pressure; Water column; Degradation; rivers; Sediments; Bioassays; Kinetics; summer; water column; organic nitrogen; Nitrogen Compounds; Bioaccumulation; Water Pollution Effects; Load Distribution; River Flow; ANE, British Isles, England; ANE, British Isles, England, Essex, Colne Estuary; Brackish
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Preservation of a Late Glacial terrestrial and Holocene estuarine record on the margins of Kaipara Harbour, Northland, New Zealand
AN  - 20608309; 9316040
AB  - Subtidal to intertidal deposits from the margins of Kaipara Harbour in Northland preserve a c. 23 000 year incomplete sedimentary record of the transition from terrestrial to estuarine conditions. Cores are used to reconstruct the depositional setting for this transition, interpreted as a succession from dune and freshwater wetland to shallow estuarine environments. The fossil pollen record provides a proxy of Last Glacial Maximum and Late Glacial vegetation for the area. Stability of the Pleistocene dune landscape during the postglacial marine transgression is interpreted on the basis of strong dominance of tall forest taxa (Dacrydium) in the pollen record and soil development in dune sands, with preservation aided by location along the estuary margin. During the Holocene, reworking of the buried dune and wetland sediments has only reached to a depth of 1.5 m below the modern tidal flat. As such, the site provides a rare example of good preservation of Pleistocene deposits at the coast, where extensive reworking and loss of record are more typical.
JF  - Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand
AU  - Nichol, S
AU  - Deng, Y
AU  - Horrocks, M
AU  - Zhou, W
AU  - Hume, T
AD  - Geoscience Australia, GPO Box 378, Canberra, ACT, Australia, scott.nichol@ga.gov.au
Y1  - 2009/03//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Mar 2009
SP  - 1
EP  - 14
VL  - 39
IS  - 1
SN  - 0303-6758, 0303-6758
KW  - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources
KW  - Estuarine Environment
KW  - Palaeo studies
KW  - Estuaries
KW  - Brackish
KW  - Transgressions
KW  - Estuarine sedimentation
KW  - Succession
KW  - Holocene
KW  - Pollen
KW  - Dacrydium
KW  - Palaeoceanography
KW  - Dunes
KW  - Brackishwater environment
KW  - Pleistocene
KW  - PSE, New Zealand, North I., Northland
KW  - Cadmium
KW  - Wetlands
KW  - Preservation
KW  - Coasts
KW  - Q2 09148:Palaeo-studies
KW  - SW 0870:Erosion and sedimentation
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20608309?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Royal+Society+of+New+Zealand&rft.atitle=Preservation+of+a+Late+Glacial+terrestrial+and+Holocene+estuarine+record+on+the+margins+of+Kaipara+Harbour%2C+Northland%2C+New+Zealand&rft.au=Nichol%2C+S%3BDeng%2C+Y%3BHorrocks%2C+M%3BZhou%2C+W%3BHume%2C+T&rft.aulast=Nichol&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Royal+Society+of+New+Zealand&rft.issn=03036758&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-06-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Palaeoceanography; Palaeo studies; Estuaries; Pleistocene; Brackishwater environment; Transgressions; Wetlands; Estuarine sedimentation; Holocene; Estuarine Environment; Dunes; Cadmium; Preservation; Succession; Pollen; Coasts; Dacrydium; PSE, New Zealand, North I., Northland; Brackish
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Pharmaceutical aspects of intranasal delivery of vaccines using particulate systems
AN  - 20566796; 9260826
AB  - The nasal route offers a promising opportunity for the delivery of vaccines. This review analyses the opportunities and novel delivery strategies based on particulate systems for the nasal delivery of vaccines, including liposomes, proteosomes, virosomes, nano- and microparticulate systems, with and without adjuvants. The influence of pharmaceutical aspects of the particulate formulations on nasal delivery is analysed. Recently developed delivery devices for nasal vaccination are also described. Potential barriers to clinical and commercial success of some novel intranasal vaccines are critically evaluated. Although particulate systems may offer potential in the nasal delivery of vaccines by enhancing uptake by antigen-presenting cells, the real success in enhancement of vaccine delivery can only be achieved by careful design and manipulation of physicochemical properties of particulate vaccine delivery systems.
JF  - Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
AU  - Sharma, Sameer
AU  - Mukkur, T K S
AU  - Benson, Heather A E
AU  - Chen, Yan
AD  - School of Pharmacy, Curtin University of Technology, GPO BOX U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia, y.chen@curtin.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/03//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Mar 2009
SP  - 812
EP  - 843
PB  - John Wiley & Sons, Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD UK, [mailto:customer@wiley.co.uk], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/]
VL  - 98
IS  - 3
SN  - 0022-3549, 0022-3549
KW  - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts
KW  - virosomes
KW  - Reviews
KW  - Physicochemical properties
KW  - proteasomes
KW  - Pharmaceuticals
KW  - Vaccines
KW  - Antigen-presenting cells
KW  - Adjuvants
KW  - Liposomes
KW  - W 30915:Pharmaceuticals & Vaccines
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20566796?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Pharmaceutical+Sciences&rft.atitle=Pharmaceutical+aspects+of+intranasal+delivery+of+vaccines+using+particulate+systems&rft.au=Sharma%2C+Sameer%3BMukkur%2C+T+K+S%3BBenson%2C+Heather+A+E%3BChen%2C+Yan&rft.aulast=Sharma&rft.aufirst=Sameer&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=98&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=812&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Pharmaceutical+Sciences&rft.issn=00223549&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fjps.21493
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-05-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - virosomes; Reviews; Physicochemical properties; proteasomes; Pharmaceuticals; Adjuvants; Antigen-presenting cells; Vaccines; Liposomes
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jps.21493
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Heterogeneous ring-opening polymerization of lactones for biomedical applications
AN  - 20563045; 9259682
AB  - Catalysis of the ring-opening reaction of L-lactide and -caprolactone to form the corresponding biodegradable polyesters is frequently performed using organometallic compounds such as tin(II) 2-ethylhexanoate, which operates by a living, coordination insertion mechanism. For biomedical applications, non-toxic calcium salts have been researched but these rarely approach the same efficiency. The use of heterogeneous immobilized catalysts offers an alternative approach, but competing reactions such as transesterification affect the final molecular weight and polydispersity. The formation of hybrid materials by using silica as the initiation site offers the prospect of biomaterials with novel properties.
JF  - Polymer International
AU  - Khan, Javaid H
AU  - Schue, Francois
AU  - George, Graeme A
AD  - School of Physical and Chemical Sciences and Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane 4001, Australia, g.george@qut.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/03//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Mar 2009
SP  - 296
EP  - 301
PB  - John Wiley & Sons, Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD UK, [mailto:customer@wiley.co.uk], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/]
VL  - 58
IS  - 3
SN  - 0959-8103, 0959-8103
KW  - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts
KW  - Salts
KW  - polyesters
KW  - Silica
KW  - Calcium
KW  - Polymerization
KW  - Molecular weight
KW  - Hybrids
KW  - Biomaterials
KW  - lactones
KW  - Catalysts
KW  - Catalysis
KW  - T 2000:Cellular Calcium
KW  - W 30920:Tissue Engineering
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20563045?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Polymer+International&rft.atitle=Heterogeneous+ring-opening+polymerization+of+lactones+for+biomedical+applications&rft.au=Khan%2C+Javaid+H%3BSchue%2C+Francois%3BGeorge%2C+Graeme+A&rft.aulast=Khan&rft.aufirst=Javaid&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=296&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Polymer+International&rft.issn=09598103&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fpi.2531
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-05-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Salts; polyesters; Polymerization; Calcium; Silica; Hybrids; Molecular weight; Biomaterials; Catalysts; lactones; Catalysis
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pi.2531
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evaluation of community participation for the development of culture-based fisheries in village reservoirs of Sri Lanka
AN  - 20485278; 9179157
AB  - In this paper, an attempt is made to identify the socioeconomic characteristics of a community that influence the development and management of culture-based fisheries in village reservoirs of Sri Lanka. Socioeconomic data were collected from 46 agricultural farming communities associated with 47 village reservoirs in Sri Lanka. Principal component analysis indicated that scores of the first principal component were positively influenced by socioeconomic characteristics that are favorable for making collective decisions. These included leadership of the officers, age of the group, percentage of active members of the group, percentage of kinship of the group, percentage of common interest of the group, and percentage of participation of the group. The size of the group had a negative effect on the first principal component. The principal component scores of communities were positively related to willingness to pay (P< 0.001). The communities with socioeconomic characteristics favoring collective decision making were in favor of culture-based fisheries. Homogeneity of group characteristics facilitated successful development of culture-based fisheries.
JF  - Aquaculture Economics & Management
AU  - Kularatne, M G
AU  - Amarasinghe, U S
AU  - Wattage, P
AU  - De Silva, SS
AD  - School of Economics and Finance, Queensland University of Technology, Z block, Level 8, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane 4001, Australia, kularatne.mohottalagedara@student.qut.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/03//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Mar 2009
SP  - 22
EP  - 38
VL  - 13
IS  - 1
SN  - 1365-7305, 1365-7305
KW  - Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources
KW  - willingness to pay
KW  - Age
KW  - principal components analysis
KW  - Socioeconomics
KW  - villages
KW  - Freshwater
KW  - Fishery development
KW  - Sri Lanka
KW  - Aquaculture
KW  - community involvement
KW  - Pisces
KW  - Aquaculture economics
KW  - Fishery management
KW  - Aquaculture development
KW  - Fisheries
KW  - Economics
KW  - Reservoirs
KW  - Fish culture
KW  - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development
KW  - Q3 08582:Fish culture
KW  - Q1 08582:Fish culture
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20485278?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquaculture+Economics+%26+Management&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+community+participation+for+the+development+of+culture-based+fisheries+in+village+reservoirs+of+Sri+Lanka&rft.au=Kularatne%2C+M+G%3BAmarasinghe%2C+U+S%3BWattage%2C+P%3BDe+Silva%2C+SS&rft.aulast=Kularatne&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=22&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquaculture+Economics+%26+Management&rft.issn=13657305&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F13657300802674914
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-04-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aquaculture economics; Aquaculture development; Fishery management; Economics; Fishery development; Fish culture; willingness to pay; Age; principal components analysis; Fisheries; Socioeconomics; villages; community involvement; Aquaculture; Reservoirs; Pisces; Sri Lanka; Freshwater
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13657300802674914
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Rapid column-mode removal of arsenate from water by crosslinked poly(allylamine) resin
AN  - 20415109; 9090560
AB  - Performances of crosslinked poly(allylamine) resin (PAA) as arsenate (As(V)) adsorbent were studied using a column packed with PAA in hydrochloride form. PAA has a high amino group content of 14.6mmol /g in free amine form and a high chloride content of 10.2mmol/g in hydrochloride form. Its wet volumes in water were 4.5 and 3.1mL/g in hydrochloride and free amine forms, respectively, indicating its high hydrophilicity. Breakthrough capacities for As(V) were evaluated changing conditions of adsorption operations: pH of feeds from 2.2 to 7.0, concentration of As(V) in feeds from 0.020 to 2.0mM, and feed flow rate from 250 to 4000h super(-) super(1) in space velocity. Breakthrough capacities increased from 2.6 to 3.4mmol/g with a decrease in pH from 7.0 and 2.2, and also from 0.81 to 2.8mmol/g with an increase in As(V) concentration from 0.020 to 2.0mM. When feed flow rate increased from 250 to 4000h super(-) super(1), breakthrough capacities changed form 3.5 to 0.81mmol/g. Because of non-Hofmeister anion selectivity behavior of PAA, the interference of chloride and nitrate was minor. Although PAA slightly preferred As(V) to sulfate, the latter more markedly interfered with uptake of As(V) than chloride and nitrate. Competitive uptake of As(V) and phosphate revealed that PAA slightly preferred phosphate to As(V). The adsorbed As(V) was quantitatively eluted with 2M HCl and PAA was simultaneously regenerated into hydrochloride form. All results were obtained using the same column without change of the packed PAA and any deterioration in column performances for 4 months.
JF  - Water Research
AU  - Awual, R
AU  - Jyo, A
AD  - Kumamoto University, Kurokami 2-39-1, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan, jyo@gpo.kumamoto-u.ac.jp
Y1  - 2009/03//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Mar 2009
SP  - 1229
EP  - 1236
PB  - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl]
VL  - 43
IS  - 5
SN  - 0043-1354, 0043-1354
KW  - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts
KW  - Resins
KW  - Nitrates
KW  - Chlorides
KW  - Hydrogen Ion Concentration
KW  - Phosphates
KW  - Flow Rates
KW  - Absorption
KW  - Capacity
KW  - Feeds
KW  - SW 0810:General
KW  - AQ 00004:Water Treatment
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20415109?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Research&rft.atitle=Rapid+column-mode+removal+of+arsenate+from+water+by+crosslinked+poly%28allylamine%29+resin&rft.au=Awual%2C+R%3BJyo%2C+A&rft.aulast=Awual&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1229&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Research&rft.issn=00431354&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.watres.2008.12.018
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Resins; Phosphates; Flow Rates; Nitrates; Absorption; Chlorides; Hydrogen Ion Concentration; Capacity; Feeds
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2008.12.018
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Zooplankton Predation and Consumption by Freshwater Crayfish, Cherax tenuimanus, at Different Sizes and Light Conditions
AN  - 20413731; 9089508
AB  - We evaluated the influence of body size and light conditions on the consumption of live zooplankton (Daphnia spp.) by juvenile matron (Cherax tenuimanus). Zooplankton consumption was examined using three marron sizes (1.0-2.9 g, 3.0-7.9 g, and 8.0-15.0 g) with ten replicates. The impact of light on feeding was tested under three conditions (clear water, green water, and dark conditions) using marron of 3.5 c 1.5 g, while food preference was tested by offering live zooplankton and inert pellets to 9.8 c 2.0 g marron. Small marron (1.0-2.9 g) consumed a significantly greater percentage of their body weight in live Daphnia spp. than marron up to 15 g. The consumption and capture efficiency on live Daphnia spp. by marron were not significantly different between the three size classes. Crayfish snowed no significant difference in consumption or capture efficiency of live Daphnia spp. in green water or dark conditions when compared to animals fed in clear water. Marron exhibited a preference for feeding on live zooplankton over a pellet by spending more time feeding on Daphnia spp. when both food types were presented.
JF  - Journal of Freshwater Ecology
AU  - Meakin, CA
AU  - Qin, J G
AU  - Mair, G C
AD  - School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University GPO Box 2100, Adelaide SA 5001, Australia, jian.qin@flinders.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/03//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Mar 2009
SP  - 159
EP  - 167
VL  - 24
IS  - 1
SN  - 0270-5060, 0270-5060
KW  - Crayfishes
KW  - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts
KW  - Feeding
KW  - Cherax tenuimanus
KW  - Freshwater environments
KW  - Predation
KW  - Zooplankton
KW  - Cambaridae
KW  - Daphnia
KW  - Freshwater
KW  - Inland water environment
KW  - Light effects
KW  - Body weight
KW  - Interspecific relationships
KW  - Freshwater crustaceans
KW  - Body size
KW  - Food preferences
KW  - Q1 08461:Plankton
KW  - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20413731?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Freshwater+Ecology&rft.atitle=Zooplankton+Predation+and+Consumption+by+Freshwater+Crayfish%2C+Cherax+tenuimanus%2C+at+Different+Sizes+and+Light+Conditions&rft.au=Meakin%2C+CA%3BQin%2C+J+G%3BMair%2C+G+C&rft.aulast=Meakin&rft.aufirst=CA&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=159&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Freshwater+Ecology&rft.issn=02705060&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Interspecific relationships; Zooplankton; Freshwater crustaceans; Body size; Food preferences; Inland water environment; Light effects; Feeding; Body weight; Freshwater environments; Predation; Cherax tenuimanus; Cambaridae; Daphnia; Freshwater
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Absorption of the selenite anion from aqueous solutions by thermally activated layered double hydroxide
AN  - 20413230; 9090543
AB  - The presence of selenite or selenate in potable water is a health hazard especially when consumed over a long period of time. Its removal from potable water is of importance. This paper reports technology for the removal of selenite from water through the use of thermally activated layered double hydroxides. Mg/Al hydrotalcites with selenite in the interlayer were prepared at different times from 0.5 to 20h through ion exchange. X-ray diffraction of the MgAlSeO sub(3) hydrotalcites indicates that the selenite anion entered the interlayer spacing of Mg/Al hydrotalcite and MgAlSeO sub(3) hydrotalcite was formed. Raman spectra proved the presence of selenite anion in the hydrotalcite interlayer as the counter anion. The band intensity and width of MgAlSeO sub(3) hydrotalcite in the region of 3800-3000cm super(-) super(1) increase with the adsorption of selenite by the Mg/Al hydrotalcite. The characteristic bands of free selenite anions in the MgAlSeO sub(3) hydrotalcites are located between the region between 850 and 800cm super(-) super(1). The Raman spectra of the lower wave number region of 550-500cm super(-) super(1) show a shift toward higher wave numbers with adsorption of the selenite. An estimation of the amount of selenite anion removed by the thermally activated layered double hydroxide was obtained through the measurement of the intensity of the selenite Raman bands at 814 and 835cm super(-) super(1) resulting from the amount of selenite anion remaining in solution. Thermally activated LDHs provide a mechanism for removing selenite anions from aqueous solutions.
JF  - Water Research
AU  - Liu, R
AU  - Frost, R L
AU  - Martens, W N
AD  - School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia, r.frost@qut.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/03//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Mar 2009
SP  - 1323
EP  - 1329
PB  - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl]
VL  - 43
IS  - 5
SN  - 0043-1354, 0043-1354
KW  - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts
KW  - X-ray Diffraction
KW  - Anions
KW  - Potable Water
KW  - Hazards
KW  - Ion Exchange
KW  - Adsorption
KW  - Absorption
KW  - Waves
KW  - AQ 00007:Industrial Effluents
KW  - SW 0810:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20413230?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Research&rft.atitle=Absorption+of+the+selenite+anion+from+aqueous+solutions+by+thermally+activated+layered+double+hydroxide&rft.au=Liu%2C+R%3BFrost%2C+R+L%3BMartens%2C+W+N&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1323&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Research&rft.issn=00431354&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.watres.2008.12.030
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hazards; X-ray Diffraction; Anions; Potable Water; Ion Exchange; Absorption; Adsorption; Waves
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2008.12.030
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Monitoring by telemetry reveals differences in movement and survival following hatchery or wild rearing of an endangered fish
AN  - 20403515; 9071811
AB  - Species reintroduction is a management strategy used to conserve endemic fish biodiversity. The present study investigated stocking on-grown endangered trout cod (Maccullochella macquariensis) in the Murrumbidgee River, Australia. The hypothesis that post-juvenile dispersal underpins the long-term scarcity of adults recorded at fingerling stocking locations was also tested. Radio-tracking was used to quantify dispersal of stocked sub- adults (2-year old hatchery fish, n = 27) compared with fish originally stocked as fingerlings (unknown-age wild fish, n = 31), but we encountered poor survivorship of the former group (survivorship = 9% and 95%, respectively, at 13 months post release). The hatchery group exhibited both limited dispersal and large-scale dispersal (up to 55 km) downstream from the release site. Wild fish exhibited limited net dispersal, occupying home- ranges within a 13-km reach and occasionally undertook large-scale excursions (10-70 km). It is concluded that (1) re-establishment of cod populations based on release of on-grown fish is not straightforward, and (2) adults of this species have an ability to disperse away from stocking sites. The study demonstrates the benefit of using radio-tracking to monitor the movement and survivorship of stocked threatened fish and indicates a need to consider the effects of hatchery rearing when conducting fish reintroductions.
JF  - Marine & Freshwater Research
AU  - Ebner, B C
AU  - Thiem, J D
AD  - Parks, Conservation and Lands, Department of Territory and Municipal Services, ACT Government, GPO Box 158, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia, b.ebner@griffith.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/03//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Mar 2009
SP  - 45
EP  - 57
PB  - CSIRO Publishing, PO Box 1139 150 Oxford Street Collingwood Vic. 3066 Australia, [mailto:publishing@csiro.au], [URL:http://www.publish.csiro.au/]
VL  - 60
IS  - 1
SN  - 1323-1650, 1323-1650
KW  - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Animal Behavior Abstracts
KW  - dispersal
KW  - hatchery
KW  - Maccullochella
KW  - radio
KW  - tracking
KW  - reintroduction
KW  - survivorship
KW  - Biological diversity
KW  - Biodiversity
KW  - Survival
KW  - Australia, Murrumbidgee R.
KW  - Freshwater
KW  - Freshwater fish
KW  - Marine fish
KW  - Endemic species
KW  - Telemetry
KW  - Fish culture
KW  - Reintroduction
KW  - Rivers
KW  - Marine
KW  - Stocking (organisms)
KW  - scarcity
KW  - Chemical oxygen demand
KW  - Rare species
KW  - Hatcheries
KW  - Stocking
KW  - Fingerlings
KW  - downstream
KW  - Maccullochella macquariensis
KW  - Dispersal
KW  - Freshwater aquaculture
KW  - survival
KW  - Y 25040:Behavioral Ecology
KW  - Q1 08341:General
KW  - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development
KW  - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies
KW  - Q3 08588:Effects of Aquaculture on the Environment
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+%26+Freshwater+Research&rft.atitle=Monitoring+by+telemetry+reveals+differences+in+movement+and+survival+following+hatchery+or+wild+rearing+of+an+endangered+fish&rft.au=Ebner%2C+B+C%3BThiem%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Ebner&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=45&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+%26+Freshwater+Research&rft.issn=13231650&rft_id=info:doi/10.1071%2FMF08027
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-10-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fish; Endemic species; Stocking (organisms); Fingerlings; Survival; Freshwater aquaculture; Rare species; Freshwater fish; Fish culture; Rivers; Reintroduction; Hatcheries; Stocking; Telemetry; Biodiversity; Chemical oxygen demand; Dispersal; downstream; scarcity; Biological diversity; survival; dispersal; reintroduction; Maccullochella macquariensis; Australia, Murrumbidgee R.; Marine; Freshwater
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/MF08027
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Feasibility of age determination of deep-water bamboo corals (Gorgonacea; Isididae) from annual cycles in skeletal composition
AN  - 20301875; 8935590
AB  - We test two hypotheses, that annual environmental cycles produce periodic variability in the skeletal composition of deep-water gorgonians, and that these cycles can be counted to determine the coral's age. Annual periodicity of deposition was tested by comparing the internode composition of bamboo corals live-collected 10 years apart in the Southern Ocean. The validity of the comparison was substantiated by growth rates for the 10-year interval (77-121km/yr) that were confirmed by radiocarbon analysis. Variability in Mg/Ca and possibly S/Ca, but not Sr/Ca or P/Ca, was consistent with annual cycles of deposition. However, spectral analysis of Mg/Ca data for a larger coral showed little or no spectral peak associated with an annual cycle of deposition (though there were peaks at periods of 4-5 and 11-15 years). The absence of an annual peak is likely to reflect growth rates that vary over time, coral cross-sections that change shape over time, and interannual differences in the seasonal range of environmental variability. The resulting subjectivity in what defines an annulus, along with evidence that the nature and extent of annual periodicity differs among sites, means that the technique is likely to be inherently imprecise and to require independent validation for each site and taxon before it can be applied.
JF  - Deep Sea Research (Part I, Oceanographic Research Papers)
AU  - Thresher, R E
AU  - MacRae, C M
AU  - Wilson, N C
AU  - Fallon, S
AD  - GPO Box 1538, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia, Ron.Thresher@csiro.au
Y1  - 2009/03//
PY  - 2009
DA  - March 2009
SP  - 442
EP  - 449
PB  - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl]
VL  - 56
IS  - 3
SN  - 0967-0637, 0967-0637
KW  - Gorgonians
KW  - Ecology Abstracts; Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts
KW  - Variability
KW  - Age
KW  - Spectral Analysis
KW  - Cross-sections
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Isididae
KW  - Coral
KW  - Corals
KW  - Deep sea
KW  - Testing Procedures
KW  - Growth rate
KW  - Marine
KW  - Data processing
KW  - Spectral analysis
KW  - Growth Rates
KW  - Age determination
KW  - Annual cycles
KW  - Shape
KW  - Oceans
KW  - PS, Antarctic Ocean
KW  - Deposition
KW  - Periodicity
KW  - Gorgonacea
KW  - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies
KW  - Q1 08424:Age and growth
KW  - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies
KW  - SW 0540:Properties of water
KW  - T 2035:Calcification and Ossification
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-02-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-05-27
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth rate; Climatic changes; Spectral analysis; Coral; Periodicity; Age determination; Age; Data processing; Oceans; Deep sea; Corals; Annual cycles; Testing Procedures; Shape; Variability; Cross-sections; Spectral Analysis; Deposition; Growth Rates; Isididae; Gorgonacea; PS, Antarctic Ocean; Marine
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2008.10.003
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Commons and anticommons in a simple renewable resource harvest model
AN  - 20266980; 8903712
AB  - We consider a model where agents harvesting from a renewable resource can impose limitations on the harvesting efforts of other agents. Obstructing the harvesting of others comes at a cost, and is viewed as regulation of resource access. Thus, the agent population comprises agents that do not obstruct (''cooperators'') and agents that obstruct (''obstructors''). As the economically better performing strategy spreads in the population, the system self-organizes at a level of obstruction which depends on the costs of obstruction, the obstruction efficiency and the history of the system. We show that commons and anticommons can be considered as the end points of a continuum of varying degrees of obstruction and we identify three regimes for the stationary state of the evolution dynamics: (i) a state where the system ends up in a tragedy of the commons, (ii) a tragedy of the anticommons state and (iii) a moderately regulated state in between both extremes. The more a policy environment in the moderately regulated state is tuned for optimality, the higher the danger that a fluctuation destabilizes the system into severe overexploitation.
JF  - Ecological Complexity
AU  - Brede, M
AU  - Boschetti, F
AD  - CSIRO Centre for Complex System Science, F C Pye Laboratory - GPO Box 1666, Clunies Ross Street, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia, Markus.Brede@Csiro.au
Y1  - 2009/03//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Mar 2009
SP  - 56
EP  - 63
PB  - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl]
VL  - 6
IS  - 1
SN  - 1476-945X, 1476-945X
KW  - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts
KW  - Sustainable yield
KW  - Historical account
KW  - harvesting
KW  - overexploitation
KW  - Harvesting
KW  - Evolution
KW  - Models
KW  - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development
KW  - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20266980?accountid=14244
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-02-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sustainable yield; Evolution; Harvesting; Models; Historical account; harvesting; overexploitation
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecocom.2008.10.009
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Peter Razzell: Population and Disease: Transforming English Society, 1550--1850
AN  - 20063529; 10065602
AB  - Abstract not available.
JF  - Journal of Population Research
AU  - Long, Robert
AD  - Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, GPO Box 570, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia, Robert.Long@aihw.gov.au
Y1  - 2009/03//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Mar 2009
SP  - 111
EP  - 113
PB  - Australian Population Association, Demography Program, Research School of Social Sciences Australian National University Canberra ACT 0200 Australia, [mailto:heather.booth@anu.edu.au], [URL:http://www.gisca.adelaide.edu.au/apa/]
VL  - 26
IS  - 1
SN  - 1443-2447, 1443-2447
KW  - Sustainability Science Abstracts
KW  - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20063529?accountid=14244
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-07-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12546-008-9001-2
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Teaching Social Work Values and Ethics: A Curriculum Resource. Second Edition
AN  - 1140141895; ED535172
AB  - Congress, Black, and Strom-Gottfried cover the gamut of values and ethics issues affecting social work curricula at the BSW and MSW degree levels, as well as those complying with CSWE's 2008 Educational Policy and Accreditation Standards. This book's course outlines, interactive learning techniques, technological resources, and extensive bibliography can be applied to virtually any social work course. Its bibliography also features specialty areas new to social work ethics, such as international and rural social work. Resources included account for potential ethical dilemmas concerning practice, law, philosophy, research, conflict resolution, policy advocacy, and work/life balance. Experiential learning opportunities presented in exercises allow students to witness important ethical concepts first-hand, leaving a lasting impression when they become professionals. Regardless of specialization, this book applies to all students' career aspirations--particularly those interested in child welfare, gerontology, health care, and school social work.
AU  - Congress, Elaine P.
AU  - Black, Phyllis N.
AU  - Strom-Gottfried, Kimberly
Y1  - 2009/02/27/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Feb 27
SP  - 0
PB  - Council on Social Work Education. 1701 Duke Street Suite 200, Alexandria, VA 22314.
SN  - 0872931331
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Students
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Postsecondary Education
KW  - Course Descriptions
KW  - College Curriculum
KW  - International Education
KW  - Values Education
KW  - Curriculum Development
KW  - Bibliographies
KW  - Accreditation (Institutions)
KW  - Ethics
KW  - Experiential Learning
KW  - Educational Policy
KW  - College Instruction
KW  - Educational Resources
KW  - Learning Activities
KW  - Standards
KW  - Social Work
KW  - Rural Environment
KW  - Educational Technology
KW  - Teaching Methods
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LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Air Pollution and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Ships
AN  - 58829540; 2010-443011
AB  - This report provides information regarding pollution from ships and port facilities; discusses some of the measures being implemented and considered by local, state, and federal regulatory agencies; discusses the efforts to ratify and to strengthen Annex VI of the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL); and describes legislation in Congress to control emissions from ships by amending the Clean Air Act (CAA). While awaiting congressional action and international agreement, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), port cities, and states have begun to act on their own. Tables.
JF  - National Council for Science and the Environment, Feb 24 2009, 12 pp.
AU  - McCarthy, James E
Y1  - 2009/02/24/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Feb 24
PB  - National Council for Science and the Environment
KW  - Environment and environmental policy - Pollution and environmental degradation
KW  - Environment and environmental policy - Ecology and environmental policy
KW  - Transportation and transportation policy - Maritime and inland water transport
KW  - International relations - International relations
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - Ships
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - International cooperation
KW  - Environmental policy
KW  - Legislation
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58829540?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=McCarthy%2C+James+E&rft.aulast=McCarthy&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2009-02-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Air+Pollution+and+Greenhouse+Gas+Emissions+from+Ships&rft.title=Air+Pollution+and+Greenhouse+Gas+Emissions+from+Ships&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://ncseonline.org/nle/crsreports/09Mar/RL34548.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Publication note - National Council for Science and the Environment, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL34548
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The D.C. "Voting Rights" Bill: A Clearly Unconstitutional Act of Partisan Symbolism
AN  - 58811824; 2008-283479
AB  - The District of Columbia House Voting Rights Act of 2009 (S. 160) which seeks to fundamentally change the structure of the federal legislature through mere legislation is pending in the Senate. Such a change may only be accomplished by constitutional amendment; and S. 160 is, therefore, clearly unconstitutional.
JF  - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee, Feb 24 2009, 11 pp.
AU  - United States Senate Republican Policy Committee
Y1  - 2009/02/24/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Feb 24
PB  - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee
KW  - Politics - Elections and voting
KW  - Government - Forms of government
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - Government - Nation state
KW  - District of Columbia
KW  - Elections
KW  - United States House of representatives
KW  - Representative government
KW  - Legislation
KW  - Constitutions
KW  - Voting
KW  - book
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=United+States+Senate+Republican+Policy+Committee&rft.aulast=United+States+Senate+Republican+Policy+Committee&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2009-02-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+D.C.+%22Voting+Rights%22+Bill%3A+A+Clearly+Unconstitutional+Act+of+Partisan+Symbolism&rft.title=The+D.C.+%22Voting+Rights%22+Bill%3A+A+Clearly+Unconstitutional+Act+of+Partisan+Symbolism&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://rpc.senate.gov/public/_files/022409VCVotingRightsUnconsitutional.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-06-01
N1  - Publication note - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee, 2009
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Agriculture, Nutrition, and Rural Provisions in the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) of 2009
AN  - 58837595; 2010-443009
AB  - On February 17, 2009, President Obama signed into law the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA, P.L. 111-5) in response to the depth of the economic recession facing the US (and the rest of the world) at the beginning of 2009. The Congressional Budget Office (CBO) estimates that ARRA will cost 787 billion dollars over 10 years; and agriculture programs -- including nutrition assistance, rural development, farmer assistance, and conservation -- would receive about 26.6 billion dollars of the 787 billion dollars in the enacted ARRA (about 3.4%). Tables, Figures.
JF  - National Council for Science and the Environment, Feb 23 2009, 24 pp.
AU  - Monke, Jim
AU  - Richardson, Joe
AU  - Stubbs, Megan
AU  - Cowan, Tadlock
AU  - Chite, Ralph M
AU  - Becker, Geoffrey S
AU  - Jurenas, Remy
Y1  - 2009/02/23/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Feb 23
PB  - National Council for Science and the Environment
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - Agriculture and agricultural policy - Crop management and agricultural production
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Food and nutrition
KW  - Agriculture and agricultural policy - Agricultural population and workers
KW  - Obama, Barack
KW  - Agriculture
KW  - United States
KW  - Rural development
KW  - Farmers
KW  - Appropriations and expenditures
KW  - Economic stabilization
KW  - Nutrition
KW  - Legislation
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58837595?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Monke%2C+Jim%3BRichardson%2C+Joe%3BStubbs%2C+Megan%3BCowan%2C+Tadlock%3BChite%2C+Ralph+M%3BBecker%2C+Geoffrey+S%3BJurenas%2C+Remy&rft.aulast=Monke&rft.aufirst=Jim&rft.date=2009-02-23&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Agriculture%2C+Nutrition%2C+and+Rural+Provisions+in+the+American+Recovery+and+Reinvestment+Act+%28ARRA%29+of+2009&rft.title=Agriculture%2C+Nutrition%2C+and+Rural+Provisions+in+the+American+Recovery+and+Reinvestment+Act+%28ARRA%29+of+2009&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://ncseonline.org/NLE/CRSreports/09Mar/R40160.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Publication note - National Council for Science and the Environment, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40160
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - An ultra-clean technique for accurately analysing Pb isotopes and heavy metals at high spatial resolution in ice cores with sub-pg g Pb concentrations
AN  - 20333013; 9011081
AB  - Measurements of Pb isotope ratios in ice containing sub-pg g-1 concentrations are easily compromised by contamination, particularly where limited sample is available. Improved techniques are essential if Antarctic ice cores are to be analysed with sufficient spatial resolution to reveal seasonal variations due to climate. This was achieved here by using stainless steel chisels and saws and strict protocols in an ultra-clean cold room to decontaminate and section ice cores. Artificial ice cores, prepared from high purity water were used to develop and refine the procedures and quantify blanks. Ba and In, two other important elements present at pg g-1 and fg g-1 concentrations in Polar ice, were also measured. The final blank amounted to 0.2 ± 0.2 pg of Pb with 206Pb/207Pb and 208Pb/207Pb ratios of 1.16 ± 0.12 and 2.35 ± 0.16, respectively, 1.5 ± 0.4 pg of Ba and 0.6 ± 2.0 fg of In, most of which probably originates from abrasion of the steel saws by the ice. The procedure was demonstrated on a Holocene Antarctic ice core section and was shown to contribute blanks of only 5%, 14% and 0.8% to monthly resolved samples with respective Pb, Ba and In concentrations of 0.12 pg g-,0.3 pg g-1 and 2.3 fg g-1. Uncertainties in the Pb isotopic ratio measurements were degraded by only 0.2%.
JF  - Analytica Chimica Acta
AU  - Burn, Laurie J
AU  - Rosman, Kevin J R
AU  - Candelone, Jean-Pierre
AU  - Vallelonga, Paul
AU  - Burton, Graeme R
AU  - Smith, Andrew M
AU  - Morgan, Vin I
AU  - Barbante, Carlo
AU  - Hong, Sungmin
AU  - Boutron, Claude F
AD  - Department of Imaging and Applied Physics, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth 6845, Western Australia, Australia, K.Rosman@curtin.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/02/23/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Feb 23
SP  - 228
EP  - 236
PB  - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl]
VL  - 634
IS  - 2
SN  - 0003-2670, 0003-2670
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts
KW  - Ice cores
KW  - Antarctica
KW  - Mass spectrometry
KW  - Lead isotopes
KW  - Barium
KW  - Indium
KW  - Ice
KW  - Isotopes
KW  - Abrasion
KW  - Contamination
KW  - Heavy metals
KW  - Climate
KW  - spatial discrimination
KW  - Lead
KW  - Cores
KW  - Steel
KW  - holocene
KW  - Seasonal variations
KW  - heavy metals
KW  - stainless steel
KW  - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION
KW  - X 24360:Metals
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20333013?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytica+Chimica+Acta&rft.atitle=An+ultra-clean+technique+for+accurately+analysing+Pb+isotopes+and+heavy+metals+at+high+spatial+resolution+in+ice+cores+with+sub-pg+g+Pb+concentrations&rft.au=Burn%2C+Laurie+J%3BRosman%2C+Kevin+J+R%3BCandelone%2C+Jean-Pierre%3BVallelonga%2C+Paul%3BBurton%2C+Graeme+R%3BSmith%2C+Andrew+M%3BMorgan%2C+Vin+I%3BBarbante%2C+Carlo%3BHong%2C+Sungmin%3BBoutron%2C+Claude+F&rft.aulast=Burn&rft.aufirst=Laurie&rft.date=2009-02-23&rft.volume=634&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=228&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytica+Chimica+Acta&rft.issn=00032670&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.aca.2008.11.067
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-02-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ice; Isotopes; Contamination; Abrasion; Cores; Heavy metals; Climate; spatial discrimination; Steel; Seasonal variations; Lead; stainless steel; holocene; heavy metals
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2008.11.067
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Estimates of Carbon Mitigation Potential from Agricultural and Forestry Activities
AN  - 58843201; 2010-443010
AB  - Compared to current estimated mitigation potential levels, the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) projections provide a mostly positive picture of the potential for farm and forestry activities to mitigate GHG emissions. For policy decision-making, however, the results of studies such as those conducted by EPA and USDA to assess the carbon mitigation potential of farms and forests should be viewed with caution since these results are derived using complicated simulation models. Tables, Figures.
JF  - National Council for Science and the Environment, Feb 20 2009, 18 pp.
AU  - Johnson, Renee
AU  - Gorte, Ross W
AU  - Yacobucci, Brent D
AU  - Schnepf, Randy
Y1  - 2009/02/20/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Feb 20
PB  - National Council for Science and the Environment
KW  - Environment and environmental policy - Ecology and environmental policy
KW  - Agriculture and agricultural policy - Crop management and agricultural production
KW  - Environment and environmental policy - Forests, forestry, and forest products
KW  - Agriculture and agricultural policy - Agricultural economics and farm holdings
KW  - Agriculture
KW  - United States Environmental protection agency
KW  - Farms
KW  - United States Agriculture department
KW  - Environmental policy
KW  - Forestry
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58843201?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Johnson%2C+Renee%3BGorte%2C+Ross+W%3BYacobucci%2C+Brent+D%3BSchnepf%2C+Randy&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Renee&rft.date=2009-02-20&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Estimates+of+Carbon+Mitigation+Potential+from+Agricultural+and+Forestry+Activities&rft.title=Estimates+of+Carbon+Mitigation+Potential+from+Agricultural+and+Forestry+Activities&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://ncseonline.org/NLE/CRSreports/09Mar/R40236.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Publication note - National Council for Science and the Environment, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, R40236
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Farm and Food Support under USDA's Section 32 Program
AN  - 58831923; 2010-443008
AB  - "Section 32" is a permanent appropriation that has earmarked the equivalent of 30% of annual customs receipts to support the farm sector -- most of this annual appropriation (estimated at nearly 7.6 billion dollars for FY2008) is transferred to the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) account that funds child nutrition programs. The Secretary of Agriculture has long had broad discretion in how to spend the non-transferred (unobligated and carry-over) money, which amounts to approximately 1 billion dollars annually, but congressional actions appear to limit the wide discretion that policymakers long exercised with regard to program spending. Tables, Appendixes.
JF  - National Council for Science and the Environment, Feb 20 2009, 18 pp.
AU  - Becker, Geoffrey S
Y1  - 2009/02/20/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Feb 20
PB  - National Council for Science and the Environment
KW  - Agriculture and agricultural policy - Crop management and agricultural production
KW  - Agriculture and agricultural policy - Agricultural economics and farm holdings
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Food and nutrition
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Health and health policy
KW  - Agriculture
KW  - United States Agriculture department
KW  - Farms
KW  - Appropriations and expenditures
KW  - Nutrition
KW  - Child health
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58831923?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Becker%2C+Geoffrey+S&rft.aulast=Becker&rft.aufirst=Geoffrey&rft.date=2009-02-20&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Farm+and+Food+Support+under+USDA%27s+Section+32+Program&rft.title=Farm+and+Food+Support+under+USDA%27s+Section+32+Program&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://ncseonline.org/NLE/CRSreports/09Mar/RL34081.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Publication note - National Council for Science and the Environment, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL34081
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Troubled Asset Relief Program and Foreclosures
AN  - 58820622; 2008-265735
AB  - Increasing foreclosure rates and problems in financial markets are some of the issues addressed in the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 (P.L. 110-343), which created the Troubled Asset Relief Plan (TARP). This report is concerned with Title II of the bill, which would require the Treasury to spend a minimum of 40 billion dollars of the second 350 billion dollars on foreclosure mitigation. Tables, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Feb 17 2009, 10 pp.
AU  - Weiss, N Eric
AU  - Carpenter, David H
AU  - Getter, Darryl E
AU  - Murphy, Edward V
Y1  - 2009/02/17/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Feb 17
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic conditions
KW  - United States
KW  - Treasury
KW  - Economic policy
KW  - Foreclosures
KW  - Economic stabilization
KW  - Economic conditions
KW  - Legislation
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58820622?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Weiss%2C+N+Eric%3BCarpenter%2C+David+H%3BGetter%2C+Darryl+E%3BMurphy%2C+Edward+V&rft.aulast=Weiss&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2009-02-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Troubled+Asset+Relief+Program+and+Foreclosures&rft.title=Troubled+Asset+Relief+Program+and+Foreclosures&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40224_20090217.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-05-04
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code R40224
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Presidential Records: Issues for the 111th Congress
AN  - 58808326; 2008-283563
AB  - Most records of recent former Presidents and former Vice Presidents are required by statute to be turned over to the National Archives and Records Administration at the end of each administration and are then disclosed to the public, unless the Archivist of the US, the incumbent President, or the appropriate former President claims the records should be kept private. This report examines the executive order (E.O. 13489) issued by President Barack Obama granting the incumbent President and the relevant former Presidents 30 days to review records prior to their being released to the public.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Feb 17 2009, 7 pp.
AU  - Ginsberg, Wendy R
Y1  - 2009/02/17/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Feb 17
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Government - Public officials
KW  - Social conditions and policy - History
KW  - Education and education policy - Information services and sources
KW  - Government - Executive power
KW  - Obama, Barack
KW  - Presidents
KW  - Reports
KW  - United States National archives and records administration
KW  - Executive orders
KW  - Archives
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58808326?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Ginsberg%2C+Wendy+R&rft.aulast=Ginsberg&rft.aufirst=Wendy&rft.date=2009-02-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Presidential+Records%3A+Issues+for+the+111th+Congress&rft.title=Presidential+Records%3A+Issues+for+the+111th+Congress&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40238_20090217.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-06-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code R40238
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - F-35 Lightning II Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) Program: Background, Status, and Issues
AN  - 58803208; 2008-283562
AB  - The Defense Department's F-35 Lightning II Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) is one of three aircraft modernization programs in tactical aviation; and Lockheed Martin won this competition and was selected to develop and produce the JSF, a family of aircraft including conventional takeoff and landing (CTOL), carrier-capable (CV), and short take-off vertical landing (STOVL) versions for the US Air Force, Navy, and Marine Corps, the UK, as well as other allied services. This report discusses the background, status, and current issues of the JSF program. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Feb 17 2009, 22 pp.
AU  - Bolkcom, Christopher
Y1  - 2009/02/17/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Feb 17
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military equipment and weapons
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military personnel and veterans
KW  - Lockheed Martin corporation
KW  - Purchasing, Military and naval
KW  - United States Navy
KW  - Airplanes, Military
KW  - United States Air force
KW  - United States Marine corps
KW  - Armed forces
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58803208?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Bolkcom%2C+Christopher&rft.aulast=Bolkcom&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2009-02-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=F-35+Lightning+II+Joint+Strike+Fighter+%28JSF%29+Program%3A+Background%2C+Status%2C+and+Issues&rft.title=F-35+Lightning+II+Joint+Strike+Fighter+%28JSF%29+Program%3A+Background%2C+Status%2C+and+Issues&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL30563_20090217.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-06-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RL30563
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Water Infrastructure Funding in the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009
AN  - 58801381; 2008-283561
AB  - This report identifies funding for water infrastructure programs and projects contained in the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, including amounts in the House- and Senate-passed versions that preceded the conference agreement. Among the purposes identified in the legislation are preservation and creation of jobs and promotion of US economic recovery, and investment in transportation, environmental protection, and other infrastructure that will provide long-term economic benefits. Tables, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Feb 17 2009, 13 pp.
AU  - Copeland, Claudia
AU  - Carter, Nicole T
Y1  - 2009/02/17/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Feb 17
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - Environment and environmental policy - Water, waterways, and water management
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Infrastructure
KW  - Water management
KW  - Economic stabilization
KW  - Legislation
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58801381?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Copeland%2C+Claudia%3BCarter%2C+Nicole+T&rft.aulast=Copeland&rft.aufirst=Claudia&rft.date=2009-02-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Water+Infrastructure+Funding+in+the+American+Recovery+and+Reinvestment+Act+of+2009&rft.title=Water+Infrastructure+Funding+in+the+American+Recovery+and+Reinvestment+Act+of+2009&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40216_20090217.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-06-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code R40216
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - CPAPER
T1  - United States Borders, Boundaries, and Barriers: Divisions Along Multiple Dimensions and Levels
T2  - 50th Annual Convention of the International Studies Association (ISA 2009)
AN  - 40197359; 5189056
JF  - 50th Annual Convention of the International Studies Association (ISA 2009)
AU  - Kaiser, Frederick
Y1  - 2009/02/15/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Feb 15
KW  - USA
KW  - Boundaries
KW  - Barriers
KW  - U 7000:Multidisciplinary
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40197359?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=50th+Annual+Convention+of+the+International+Studies+Association+%28ISA+2009%29&rft.atitle=United+States+Borders%2C+Boundaries%2C+and+Barriers%3A+Divisions+Along+Multiple+Dimensions+and+Levels&rft.au=Kaiser%2C+Frederick&rft.aulast=Kaiser&rft.aufirst=Frederick&rft.date=2009-02-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=50th+Annual+Convention+of+the+International+Studies+Association+%28ISA+2009%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://isanet.ccit.arizona.edu/newyork09/program.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-09-28
N1  - Last updated - 2010-05-03
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Notes & Tips: Selective assay for endotoxin using poly( epsilon -lysine)-immobilized Cellufine and Limulus amoebocyte lysate (LAL)
AN  - 20333444; 9011130
AB  - We developed a selective endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide; LPS) assay using poly( epsilon -lysine)-immobilized cellulose beads (PL-Cellufine) and Limulus amoebocyte lysate (LAL). First, LPS was selectively adsorbed on the beads in a solution containing various LAL-inhibiting or LAL-enhancing compounds (e.g., amino acids, enzymes) and the LPS adsorbed on the beads was separated from the compounds by centrifugation. Second, the LPS adsorbed on the beads directly reacted with the LAL reagent, and the LPS concentration was determined by a turbidimetric time assay. The accuracy of the adsorption method with PL-Cellufine was high compared with that of a common solution method. Apparent recovery of LPS from compound solution was 88-120%.
JF  - Analytical Biochemistry
AU  - Sakata, Masayo
AU  - Fukuma, Yuriko
AU  - Todokoro, Masami
AU  - Kunitake, Masashi
AD  - Department of Applied Chemistry & Biochemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan, msakata@gpo.kumamoto-u.ac.jp
Y1  - 2009/02/15/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Feb 15
SP  - 368
EP  - 370
PB  - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/]
VL  - 385
IS  - 2
SN  - 0003-2697, 0003-2697
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Toxicology Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts
KW  - Endotoxins
KW  - Centrifugation
KW  - Amino acids
KW  - Limulus
KW  - Cellulose
KW  - Adsorption
KW  - Lipopolysaccharides
KW  - Enzymes
KW  - X 24370:Natural Toxins
KW  - W 30940:Products
KW  - J 02330:Biochemistry
KW  - A 01310:Products of Microorganisms
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20333444?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+Biochemistry&rft.atitle=Notes+%26amp%3B+Tips%3A+Selective+assay+for+endotoxin+using+poly%28+epsilon+-lysine%29-immobilized+Cellufine+and+Limulus+amoebocyte+lysate+%28LAL%29&rft.au=Sakata%2C+Masayo%3BFukuma%2C+Yuriko%3BTodokoro%2C+Masami%3BKunitake%2C+Masashi&rft.aulast=Sakata&rft.aufirst=Masayo&rft.date=2009-02-15&rft.volume=385&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=368&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+Biochemistry&rft.issn=00032697&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ab.2008.11.002
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-02-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Endotoxins; Centrifugation; Amino acids; Cellulose; Adsorption; Enzymes; Lipopolysaccharides; Limulus
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ab.2008.11.002
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - High salinity winter outflow from a mega inverse-estuary-the Great Australian Bight
AN  - 20283017; 8895532
AB  - Conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) observations taken in the Great Australian Bight (GAB) during ORV Franklin cruise Fr 07/94 in July 1994 indicated the presence of a dense bottom layer at the head of the GAB, which flowed along the sea floor towards the shelf-break as a gravity current The north central region of the GAB was stratified with a maximum salinity difference of between 0.4 and 0.5. The outflow was confined to the shelf and was directed in a south-easterly direction with little evidence of cross-shelf transport. The flow exhibited a well-defined bottom interface evident from the head of the GAB to near the mouth of Spencer Gulf (SG), where the surface-bottom salinity difference was about 0.3. The mean thickness of the outflow was about 15m. An estimate of the speed of the outflow at the discharge over the shelf-break was made using the zero entrainment assumption. This yielded a speed of <16cms super(-) super(1), which remarkably was consistent with near bottom current meter measurements (16cms super(-) super(1)) on the continental shelf edge, reported south of the Eyre Peninsula. A mass budget analysis indicated that the outflow, which probably is partially maintained by the gravity current and partly by a wind-driven circulation would exist over the period, July-December, with a peak transport of about 10 super(6)m super(3)s super(-) super(1) (1 Sverdrup) which is approximately twenty times that of the bottom outflow from the adjoining Spencer Gulf.
JF  - Continental Shelf Research
AU  - Petrusevics, P
AU  - Bye, JAT
AU  - Fahlbusch, V
AU  - Hammat, J
AU  - Tippins
AU  - van Wijk, E
AD  - Physics and Earth Sciences, Flinders University of South Australia, GPO Box 2100 Adelaide, South Australia, 5001 Australia, p_petr@bigpond.com
Y1  - 2009/02/15/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Feb 15
SP  - 371
EP  - 380
PB  - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl]
VL  - 29
IS  - 2
SN  - 0278-4343, 0278-4343
KW  - Ecology Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts
KW  - Entrainment
KW  - Gravity
KW  - Salinity effects
KW  - Continental shelves
KW  - Oceanographic cruise data
KW  - Mouth
KW  - Ocean floor
KW  - Marine
KW  - Water masses
KW  - Bottom currents
KW  - Head
KW  - CTD observations
KW  - Wind-driven circulation
KW  - Gravity currents
KW  - Brackish
KW  - ISW, Australia, South Australia, Eyre Peninsula
KW  - Ocean circulation
KW  - ISW, Australia, Great Australian Bight
KW  - Mass budget
KW  - USA, North Central Region
KW  - Ocean currents
KW  - ISW, Australia, South Australia, Spencer Gulf
KW  - Oceanographic data
KW  - O 2010:Physical Oceanography
KW  - M2 551.465:Structure/Dynamics/Circulation (551.465)
KW  - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies
KW  - Q2 09146:TSD distribution, water masses and circulation
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-02-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-05-27
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ocean currents; Water masses; Bottom currents; CTD observations; Continental shelves; Ocean circulation; Ocean floor; Entrainment; Head; Gravity; Salinity effects; Mouth; Wind-driven circulation; Gravity currents; Mass budget; Oceanographic cruise data; Oceanographic data; ISW, Australia, South Australia, Spencer Gulf; ISW, Australia, South Australia, Eyre Peninsula; ISW, Australia, Great Australian Bight; USA, North Central Region; Brackish; Marine
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2008.10.003
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Bacterial neuraminidase increases IL-8 production in lung epithelial cells via NF-kB-dependent pathway
AN  - 20256456; 8896608
AB  - Bacterial neuraminidase, a sialic acid-degrading enzyme, is one of the virulent factors produced in pathogenic bacteria like as other bacterial components. However little is known about whether bacterial neuraminidase can initiate or modify a cellular response, such as cytokine production, in epithelial cells at infection and inflammation. We demonstrate here that bacterial neuraminidase, but not heat-inactivated neuraminidase, up-regulates expression of interleukin-8 (IL-8) mRNA and protein in lung epithelial A549 and NCI-H292 cells. We also show that bacterial neuraminidase significantly up-regulates IL-8 promoter activity as well as nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-B) reporter activity. Moreover, inhibition of NF-B signaling suppressed IL-8 mRNA expression induced by bacterial neuraminidase. Taken together, desialylation-induced IL-8 production in lung epithelial cells may play an important role in infection-associated inflammatory events.
JF  - Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
AU  - Kuroiwa, A
AU  - Hisatsune, A
AU  - Isohama, Y
AU  - Katsuki, H
AD  - Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Kumamoto City, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan, hisatsun@gpo.kumamoto-u.ac.jp
Y1  - 2009/02/13/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Feb 13
SP  - 754
EP  - 759
PB  - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/]
VL  - 379
IS  - 3
SN  - 0006-291X, 0006-291X
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Immunology Abstracts
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - Epithelial cells
KW  - Exo-a-sialidase
KW  - Enzymes
KW  - Infection
KW  - Interleukin 8
KW  - Inflammation
KW  - Gene expression
KW  - Promoters
KW  - Lung
KW  - NF-B protein
KW  - Signal transduction
KW  - A 01490:Miscellaneous
KW  - J 02350:Immunology
KW  - F 06910:Microorganisms & Parasites
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemical+and+Biophysical+Research+Communications&rft.atitle=Bacterial+neuraminidase+increases+IL-8+production+in+lung+epithelial+cells+via+NF-kB-dependent+pathway&rft.au=Kuroiwa%2C+A%3BHisatsune%2C+A%3BIsohama%2C+Y%3BKatsuki%2C+H&rft.aulast=Kuroiwa&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2009-02-13&rft.volume=379&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=754&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochemical+and+Biophysical+Research+Communications&rft.issn=0006291X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.bbrc.2008.12.120
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-02-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Gene expression; Promoters; Epithelial cells; Lung; NF-B protein; Exo-a-sialidase; Enzymes; Infection; Interleukin 8; Signal transduction; Inflammation; Bacteria
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.12.120
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Strategic Arms Control after START: Issues and Options
AN  - 58809848; 2008-283564
AB  - The US and Soviet Union signed the Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty in 1991; it entered into force in December 1994 and is due to expire in December 2009. The US and Russia have held several meetings to discuss options for continuing their arms control relationship, but have not agreed on whether to extend START or how to replace it; and this report discusses several options they could pursue.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Feb 12 2009, 27 pp.
AU  - Woolf, Amy F
Y1  - 2009/02/12/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Feb 12
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - International relations - International peace and security
KW  - International relations - Treaties
KW  - United States
KW  - Russian Federation
KW  - Soviet Union
KW  - Arms limitation
KW  - Strategic arms reduction treaty
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58809848?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Woolf%2C+Amy+F&rft.aulast=Woolf&rft.aufirst=Amy&rft.date=2009-02-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Strategic+Arms+Control+after+START%3A+Issues+and+Options&rft.title=Strategic+Arms+Control+after+START%3A+Issues+and+Options&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40084_20090212.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-06-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code 7-5700
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Biotechnology in Animal Agriculture: Status and Current Issues
AN  - 58836544; 2010-443007
AB  - Animal agriculture is being transformed by rapid advances in biotechnology (a term that encompasses a variety of technologies, including genetic engineering (GE), genetic modification, transgenics, recombinant DNA techniques, and cloning, among others). This report describes the various biotechnology techniques and congressional concerns as to their safety -- Bills on animal cloning in the 110th Congress would have required all food from cloned animals or their offspring to be labeled and would have prohibited food from cloned animals from being labeled as organic; and this and various other concerns regarding biotechnology will likely be addressed in the 111th Congress. Tables.
JF  - National Council for Science and the Environment, Feb 11 2009, 21 pp.
AU  - Becker, Geoffrey S
AU  - Cowan, Tadlock
Y1  - 2009/02/11/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Feb 11
PB  - National Council for Science and the Environment
KW  - Science and technology policy - Biology and biotechnology
KW  - Environment and environmental policy - Animals
KW  - Agriculture and agricultural policy - Crop management and agricultural production
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Food and nutrition
KW  - Manufacturing and heavy industry - Container industry
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Agriculture
KW  - Animals
KW  - Labels
KW  - Genetic engineering
KW  - Cloning
KW  - Food safety
KW  - Genetically modified foods
KW  - Biotechnology
KW  - book
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Becker%2C+Geoffrey+S%3BCowan%2C+Tadlock&rft.aulast=Becker&rft.aufirst=Geoffrey&rft.date=2009-02-11&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Biotechnology+in+Animal+Agriculture%3A+Status+and+Current+Issues&rft.title=Biotechnology+in+Animal+Agriculture%3A+Status+and+Current+Issues&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://www.ncseonline.org/NLE/CRSreports/09Mar/RL33334.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Publication note - National Council for Science and the Environment, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL33334
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Grape seed polyphenols and curcumin reduce genomic instability events in a transgenic mouse model for Alzheimer's disease
AN  - 20256902; 8896912
AB  - The study set out to determine (a) whether DNA damage is elevated in mice that carry mutations in the amyloid precursor protein (APP695swe) and presenilin 1 (PSEN1-dE9) that predispose to Alzheimer's disease (AD) relative to non-transgenic control mice, and (b) whether increasing the intake of dietary polyphenols from curcumin or grape seed extract could reduce genomic instability events in a transgenic mouse model for AD. DNA damage was measured using the micronucleus (MN) assay in both buccal mucosa and erythrocytes and an absolute telomere length assay for both buccal mucosa and olfactory bulb tissue. MN frequency tended to be higher in AD mice in both buccal mucosa (1.7-fold) and polychromatic erythrocytes (1.3-fold) relative to controls. Telomere length was significantly reduced by 91% (p=0.04) and non-significantly reduced by 50% in buccal mucosa and olfactory bulbs respectively in AD mice relative to controls. A significant 10-fold decrease in buccal MN frequency (p=0.01) was found for AD mice fed diets containing curcumin (CUR) or micro-encapsulated grape seed extract (MGSE) and a 7-fold decrease (p=0.02) for AD mice fed unencapsulated grape seed extract (GSE) compared to the AD group on control diet. Similarly, in polychromatic erythrocytes a significant reduction in MN frequency was found for the MGSE cohort (65.3%) (p<0.05), whereas the AD CUR and AD GSE groups were non-significantly reduced by 39.2 and 34.8% respectively compared to the AD Control. A non-significant 2-fold increase in buccal cell telomere length was evident for the CUR, GSE and MGSE groups compared to the AD control group. Olfactory bulb telomere length was found to be non-significantly 2-fold longer in mice fed on the CUR diet compared to controls. These results suggest potential protective effects of polyphenols against genomic instability events in different somatic tissues of a transgenic mouse model for AD.
JF  - Mutation Research-Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis
AU  - Thomas, P
AU  - Wang, Y J
AU  - Zhong, J H
AU  - Kosaraju, S
AU  - O'Callaghan, N J
AU  - Zhou, X F
AU  - Fenech, M
AD  - Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA, Australia, Zhou0010@flinders.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/02/10/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Feb 10
SP  - 25
EP  - 34
PB  - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/]
VL  - 661
IS  - 1-2
SN  - 0027-5107, 0027-5107
KW  - CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts
KW  - Diets
KW  - Molecular modelling
KW  - Seeds
KW  - Curcumin
KW  - Polyphenols
KW  - Erythrocytes
KW  - Alzheimer's disease
KW  - Animal models
KW  - Transgenic mice
KW  - Olfactory bulb
KW  - Amyloid precursor protein
KW  - Mutagenesis
KW  - Buccal mucosa
KW  - Telomeres
KW  - Neurodegenerative diseases
KW  - DNA damage
KW  - Genomic instability
KW  - Presenilin 1
KW  - Plant extracts
KW  - Vitaceae
KW  - Manganese
KW  - Mutation
KW  - W 30925:Genetic Engineering
KW  - N3 11007:Neurobiology
KW  - G 07710:Chemical Mutagenesis & Radiation
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-02-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diets; Molecular modelling; Seeds; Curcumin; Polyphenols; Alzheimer's disease; Erythrocytes; Animal models; Transgenic mice; Olfactory bulb; Mutagenesis; Amyloid precursor protein; DNA damage; Neurodegenerative diseases; Telomeres; Buccal mucosa; Genomic instability; Presenilin 1; Plant extracts; Mutation; Manganese; Vitaceae
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2008.10.016
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Clean Air after the CAIR Decision: Back to Square One?
AN  - 58839880; 2010-443012
AB  - On July 11, 2008, in North Carolina v EPA, the US Court of Appeals for the DC Circuit vacated what had been widely regarded as the Bush Administration's most significant environmental measure: the Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR). From a policy standpoint, the court's July decision seriously undermined EPA's approach to clean air over the past eight years; and the potential impact on communities attempting to achieve National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) and the impact on mercury emissions could be substantial, prompting some to call for congressional action. Tables.
JF  - National Council for Science and the Environment, Feb 9 2009, 13 pp.
AU  - McCarthy, James E
AU  - Parker, Larry
AU  - Meltz, Robert
Y1  - 2009/02/09/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Feb 09
PB  - National Council for Science and the Environment
KW  - Environment and environmental policy - Pollution and environmental degradation
KW  - Environment and environmental policy - Ecology and environmental policy
KW  - Administration of justice - Legal procedure
KW  - United States
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Bush, George W.
KW  - Standards
KW  - Environmental policy
KW  - Trials
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58839880?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=McCarthy%2C+James+E%3BParker%2C+Larry%3BMeltz%2C+Robert&rft.aulast=McCarthy&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2009-02-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Clean+Air+after+the+CAIR+Decision%3A+Back+to+Square+One%3F&rft.title=Clean+Air+after+the+CAIR+Decision%3A+Back+to+Square+One%3F&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://ncseonline.org/NLE/CRSreports/09Mar/RL34589.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Publication note - National Council for Science and the Environment, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, RL34589
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Preserving Homeownership: Foreclosure Prevention Issues
AN  - 58817655; 2008-265736
AB  - The foreclosure rate in the US has been rising rapidly since the middle of 2006: Losing a home to foreclosure can hurt homeowners, communities, and the country in many ways; and there is a broad consensus that the government should explore efforts to prevent further increases in foreclosures and help more families preserve homeownership. This report describes the consequences of foreclosure on homeowners, outlines recent foreclosure prevention plans implemented by the government and private organizations, and discusses the challenges associated with foreclosure prevention. Tables, Figures, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Feb 9 2009, 24 pp.
AU  - Jones, Katie
Y1  - 2009/02/09/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Feb 09
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Property and wealth
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Housing
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Foreclosures
KW  - Property
KW  - Economic stabilization
KW  - Housing policy
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58817655?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Jones%2C+Katie&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=Katie&rft.date=2009-02-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Preserving+Homeownership%3A+Foreclosure+Prevention+Issues&rft.title=Preserving+Homeownership%3A+Foreclosure+Prevention+Issues&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40210_20090209.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-05-04
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code R40210
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Will President Obama Defend in Court the Country's Terrorist Detention Authority?
AN  - 58808684; 2008-283480
AB  - The Supreme Court has found that it is a clearly established principle of international law that unlawful enemy combatants may be detained for the duration of hostilities. The previous Administration vigorously defended the authority because it was so vital to the defense of the nation, and it remains to be seen if the current Administration will similarly do so.
JF  - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee, Feb 9 2009, 7 pp.
AU  - United States Senate Republican Policy Committee
Y1  - 2009/02/09/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Feb 09
PB  - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee
KW  - Human rights - Human rights promotion and violations
KW  - Administration of justice - Prisoners and correctional facilities and personnel
KW  - Law and ethics - International law
KW  - Administration of justice - Crime and criminals
KW  - United States
KW  - Obama, Barack
KW  - United States Supreme court
KW  - International law
KW  - Detention of persons
KW  - Terrorists
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58808684?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=United+States+Senate+Republican+Policy+Committee&rft.aulast=United+States+Senate+Republican+Policy+Committee&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2009-02-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Will+President+Obama+Defend+in+Court+the+Country%27s+Terrorist+Detention+Authority%3F&rft.title=Will+President+Obama+Defend+in+Court+the+Country%27s+Terrorist+Detention+Authority%3F&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://rpc.senate.gov/public/_files/020909DetaineeLitigation.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-06-01
N1  - Publication note - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee, 2009
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Social Security Administration: Workloads, Resources, and Service Delay
AN  - 58818156; 2008-265738
AB  - There are concerns about whether the Social Security Administration (SSA) has adequate resources to manage its workloads because of backlogs in the disability programs, declines in SSA's efforts to ensure the accuracy of benefit payments, long waits at field offices and on the phone, vulnerabilities due to an outdated computer system, and the increase of SSA's workloads as the population increases, the baby boomers retire, the economic situation worsens, and the agency takes on new and more complex responsibilities. This report provides an overview of SSA's workloads, resources, and service delivery, as well as issues for Congress. Tables, Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Feb 6 2009, 35 pp.
AU  - Romig, Kathleen
Y1  - 2009/02/06/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Feb 06
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Government - Public administration
KW  - Efficiency, Administrative
KW  - Public services
KW  - Public administration
KW  - United States Social security administration
KW  - Benefits
KW  - book
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Romig%2C+Kathleen&rft.aulast=Romig&rft.aufirst=Kathleen&rft.date=2009-02-06&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Social+Security+Administration%3A+Workloads%2C+Resources%2C+and+Service+Delay&rft.title=Social+Security+Administration%3A+Workloads%2C+Resources%2C+and+Service+Delay&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40207_20090206.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-05-04
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code R40207
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Nuclear Waste Disposal: Alternatives to Yucca Mountain
AN  - 58814124; 2008-256325
AB  - With the strenuous objections of the State of Nevada and now-President Obama's support to Nevada's fight against the repository, progress on the proposed Yucca Mountain nuclear waste repository may be in question. While reprocessing of spent fuel could reduce waste volumes and long-term toxicity, such facilities are costly and raise concerns about the separation of plutonium that could be used in nuclear weapons; and Congress will need to eventually locate a permanent repository for storage and reprocessing while avoiding the obstacles that have hampered previous US efforts.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Feb 6 2009, 24 pp.
AU  - Holt, Mark
Y1  - 2009/02/06/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Feb 06
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Environment and environmental policy - Wastes and waste management
KW  - Energy resources and policy - Nuclear power
KW  - Environment and environmental policy - Mining and mineral resources
KW  - Obama, Barack
KW  - Atomic power plants
KW  - Plutonium
KW  - Waste disposal in the ground
KW  - Nevada
KW  - Hazardous wastes
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40202_20090206.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-05-04
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code R40202
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Mountain Pine Beetles and Forest Destruction: Effects, Responses, and Relationships to Climate Change
AN  - 58812754; 2008-265737
AB  - Mountain pine beetle epidemics are recurrent events in western forests that can currently be separated into three distinct events: the central US Rocky Mountains, interior British Columbia (Canada), and high-elevation pines. Two aspects of the current epidemic are widely believed to have been exacerbated by climate change: (1) increased temperatures farther north and at higher elevations (allowing complete life cycles in areas previously not susceptible to the beetle) and (2) possibly regional drought (making trees more susceptible to beetle attacks) -- and this report discusses such epidemics and possible policy responses to them. Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Feb 6 2009, 13 pp.
AU  - Gorte, Ross W
Y1  - 2009/02/06/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Feb 06
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Environment and environmental policy - Weather, climate, and natural disasters
KW  - Environment and environmental policy - Forests, forestry, and forest products
KW  - Environment and environmental policy - Plants
KW  - Forest conservation
KW  - Trees
KW  - British Columbia
KW  - Global warming
KW  - Droughts
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40203_20090206.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-05-04
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code R40203
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Ocean Piracy and Its Impact on Insurance
AN  - 58803913; 2008-283565
AB  - Many Members of 111th Congress are concerned about the sharp rise in pirate attacks in the strategic waterways in the Gulf of Aden off the East coast of Africa. Given the sharp increase in the number of pirate attacks, the cost of transporting cargo in international waters could rise dramatically because of the sharp increase in ocean marine insurance rates for ships transiting the Gulf of Aden, thus, adversely impacting international trade during the current global economic slowdown.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Feb 6 2009, 7 pp.
AU  - King, Rawle O
Y1  - 2009/02/06/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Feb 06
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Environment and environmental policy - Oceanography and ocean resources
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Public safety and security
KW  - Transportation and transportation policy - Maritime and inland water transport
KW  - Trade and trade policy - Export-import trade
KW  - Environment and environmental policy - Water, waterways, and water management
KW  - Ocean
KW  - Safety measures
KW  - Shipping
KW  - Waterways
KW  - Gulf of Aden
KW  - Export-import trade
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40081_20090206.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-06-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code R40081
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Nomination of Leon Panetta to Be Director, Central Intelligence Agency
AN  - 1679145744; CO02307
AB  - Transcribes Senate Select Committee on Intelligence's hearing about nomination of Leon Panetta to be director of Central Intelligence Agency.
AU  - United States. Congress. Senate. Select Committee on Intelligence
AD  - United States. Congress. Senate. Select Committee on Intelligence
PY  - 2009
SP  - 150
KW  - Afghanistan Conflict (2001-)
KW  - Americans
KW  - Biography
KW  - Confirmation hearings
KW  - Counterterrorism
KW  - Detention
KW  - Human intelligence
KW  - Information security
KW  - Intelligence analysis
KW  - Intelligence collection
KW  - Interrogation
KW  - Involuntary transfers
KW  - Iran
KW  - Iraq War (2003-)
KW  - Science and technology
KW  - Panetta, Leon E.
KW  - Levin, Carl
KW  - Boxer, Barbara
KW  - Bayh, Evan
KW  - Hatch, Orrin G.
KW  - Feingold, Russell D.
KW  - Feinstein, Dianne
KW  - Whitehouse, Sheldon
KW  - Rockefeller, John D. IV ("Jay")
KW  - Abshire, David M.
KW  - Coburn, Tom
KW  - Chambliss, Saxby
KW  - Obama, Barack H.
KW  - Cusick, Robert I.
KW  - Burr, Richard M.
KW  - Rizzo, John A.
KW  - Wyden, Ron
KW  - Snowe, Olympia J.
KW  - Bond, Christopher S. ("Kit")
KW  - Panetta, Leon E.
KW  - Levin, Carl
KW  - Boxer, Barbara
KW  - Bayh, Evan
KW  - Hatch, Orrin G.
KW  - Feingold, Russell D.
KW  - Feinstein, Dianne
KW  - Whitehouse, Sheldon
KW  - Rockefeller, John D. IV ("Jay")
KW  - Abshire, David M.
KW  - Coburn, Tom
KW  - Chambliss, Saxby
KW  - Obama, Barack H.
KW  - Cusick, Robert I.
KW  - Burr, Richard M.
KW  - Rizzo, John A.
KW  - Wyden, Ron
KW  - Snowe, Olympia J.
KW  - Bond, Christopher S. ("Kit")
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Adnsa_co&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Nomination+of+Leon+Panetta+to+Be+Director%2C+Central+Intelligence+Agency&rft.au=United+States.+Congress.+Senate.+Select+Committee+on+Intelligence&rft.aulast=United+States.+Congress.+Senate.+Select+Committee+on+Intelligence&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2009-02-06&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Digital National Security Archive
N1  - Name - United States. Central Intelligence Agency. Director; United States. Department of Justice. National Security Division; United States. Director of National Intelligence. National Counterterrorism Center; United States. Federal Bureau of Investigation
N1  - Analyte descriptor - NSA document type: Hearing
N1  - People - Abshire, David M.; Bayh, Evan; Bond, Christopher S. ("Kit"); Boxer, Barbara; Burr, Richard M.; Chambliss, Saxby; Coburn, Tom; Cusick, Robert I.; Feingold, Russell D.; Feinstein, Dianne; Hatch, Orrin G.; Levin, Carl; Obama, Barack H.; Panetta, Leon E.; Rizzo, John A.; Rockefeller, John D. IV ("Jay"); Snowe, Olympia J.; Whitehouse, Sheldon; Wyden, Ron
N1  - Last updated - 2015-06-16
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Peacekeeping/Stabilization and Conflict Transitions: Background and Congressional Action on the Civilian Response/Reserve Corps and Other Civilian Stabilization and Reconstruction Capabilities
AN  - 58804622; 2008-283566
AB  - The 111th Congress will face a number of issues regarding the development of civilian capabilities to carry out stabilization and reconstruction activities. In September 2008, Congress passed the Reconstruction and Stabilization Civilian Management Act, 2008, as Title XVI of the Duncan Hunter National Defense Authorization Act for FY2009 (S. 3001, P.L. 110-417), which codified the existence and functions of the State Department Office of the Coordinator for Reconstruction and Stabilization (S/CRS) and authorized new operational capabilities within the State Department, a Civilian Response Corps of government employees with an active and a standby component, and a Civilian Reserve Corps.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Feb 5 2009, 21 pp.
AU  - Serafino, Nina M
Y1  - 2009/02/05/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Feb 05
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military personnel and veterans
KW  - Government - Government employees
KW  - Military and defense policy - National defense
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Government employees
KW  - Legislation
KW  - National defense
KW  - Armed forces Reserves
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58804622?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Serafino%2C+Nina+M&rft.aulast=Serafino&rft.aufirst=Nina&rft.date=2009-02-05&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Peacekeeping%2FStabilization+and+Conflict+Transitions%3A+Background+and+Congressional+Action+on+the+Civilian+Response%2FReserve+Corps+and+Other+Civilian+Stabilization+and+Reconstruction+Capabilities&rft.title=Peacekeeping%2FStabilization+and+Conflict+Transitions%3A+Background+and+Congressional+Action+on+the+Civilian+Response%2FReserve+Corps+and+Other+Civilian+Stabilization+and+Reconstruction+Capabilities&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL32862_20090205.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-06-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RL32862
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The Manhattan Project, the Apollo Program, and Federal Energy Technology R&D Programs: A Comparative Analysis
AN  - 58809551; 2008-283568
AB  - Some policymakers have concluded that the energy challenges facing the US are so critical that a concentrated investment in energy research and development (R&D) should be undertaken. This report compares and contrasts the three concentrated R&D initiatives -- the Manhattan project, which produced the atomic bomb; the Apollo program, which landed American men on the moon; and investment in federal energy technology R&D programs of the 1970s, in response to two energy crises. Tables, Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Feb 4 2009, 9 pp.
AU  - Stine, Deborah D
Y1  - 2009/02/04/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Feb 04
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Science and technology policy - Science and science policy and research
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Public finance
KW  - Energy resources and policy - Renewable energy sources
KW  - Science and technology policy - Technology and technology policy
KW  - Energy resources and policy - Energy policy
KW  - Technological innovations
KW  - Research and development
KW  - Power resources
KW  - Energy sector
KW  - Government loans and grants
KW  - Renewable energy sources
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58809551?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Stine%2C+Deborah+D&rft.aulast=Stine&rft.aufirst=Deborah&rft.date=2009-02-04&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+Manhattan+Project%2C+the+Apollo+Program%2C+and+Federal+Energy+Technology+R%26D+Programs%3A+A+Comparative+Analysis&rft.title=The+Manhattan+Project%2C+the+Apollo+Program%2C+and+Federal+Energy+Technology+R%26D+Programs%3A+A+Comparative+Analysis&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL34645_20090204.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-06-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RL34645
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Stimulus, or Just Plain Government Spending?
AN  - 58807178; 2008-283482
AB  - The Democrats stimulus bill contains a number of health provisions of questionable economic value. Notably, the Senate and House stimulus bills both contain a new Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (COBRA) health insurance subsidy which will likely have little if any stimulative impact on the economy. Tables.
JF  - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee, Feb 4 2009, 6 pp.
AU  - United States Senate Republican Policy Committee
Y1  - 2009/02/04/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Feb 04
PB  - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee
KW  - Politics - Political parties and groups
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Public finance
KW  - Business and service sector - Insurance
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Health and health policy
KW  - United States
KW  - Appropriations and expenditures
KW  - Budget, Government
KW  - Health insurance
KW  - Subsidies
KW  - Democratic party (United States)
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58807178?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=United+States+Senate+Republican+Policy+Committee&rft.aulast=United+States+Senate+Republican+Policy+Committee&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2009-02-04&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Stimulus%2C+or+Just+Plain+Government+Spending%3F&rft.title=Stimulus%2C+or+Just+Plain+Government+Spending%3F&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://rpc.senate.gov/public/_files/020409COBRAstimulus.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-06-01
N1  - Publication note - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee, 2009
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The Global Financial Crisis: The Role of the International Monetary Fund (IMF)
AN  - 58805835; 2008-283567
AB  - This report discusses two potential roles the International Monetary Fund (IMF) may have in helping to resolve the current global financial crisis: (1) immediate crisis control through balance of payments lending to emerging market and less-developed countries and (2) increased surveillance of the global economy through better coordination with the international financial regulatory agencies. Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Feb 4 2009, 7 pp.
AU  - Weiss, Martin A
Y1  - 2009/02/04/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Feb 04
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - International banking and finance and financial institutions
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic conditions
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - Law and ethics - Criminal law
KW  - Government - Internal security
KW  - International monetary fund
KW  - International finance
KW  - Balance of payments
KW  - Regulation
KW  - Economic conditions
KW  - Developing countries
KW  - Surveillance
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58805835?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Weiss%2C+Martin+A&rft.aulast=Weiss&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft.date=2009-02-04&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+Global+Financial+Crisis%3A+The+Role+of+the+International+Monetary+Fund+%28IMF%29&rft.title=The+Global+Financial+Crisis%3A+The+Role+of+the+International+Monetary+Fund+%28IMF%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RS22976_20090204.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-06-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RS22976
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Iran's Ballistic Missile Program: An Overview
AN  - 58804754; 2008-265739
AB  - Iran has an active interest in developing, acquiring, and deploying a broad range of ballistic missiles, as well as developing a space launch capability. This short report seeks to provide an overview of the reported or suspected variety of Iranian ballistic missile programs, although there remains widespread public divergence over particulars -- leaving this report unable to provide specificity to what Iran may or may not have, or is in the process of developing.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Feb 4 2009, 5 pp.
AU  - Hildreth, Steven A
Y1  - 2009/02/04/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Feb 04
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military equipment and weapons
KW  - Iran
KW  - Guided missiles
KW  - Space weapons
KW  - Armaments
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RS22758_20090204.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-05-04
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RS22758
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Enormous Government Expansion Bill Is Dangerous Approach to Help Our Economy
AN  - 58809934; 2008-283481
AB  - Contrary to the assertions of prominent Democrats in Congress, there is no consensus among economists that massive expansion of government is necessary or desirable to fix the struggling US economy. Much of the stimulus spending the H.R. 1 substitute is poorly targeted or poorly timed to help the economy in 2009 or 2010, and the long-run repercussions of the massive spending will outweigh the short-run benefits.
JF  - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee, Feb 3 2009, 11 pp.
AU  - United States Senate Republican Policy Committee
Y1  - 2009/02/03/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Feb 03
PB  - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - United States
KW  - Appropriations and expenditures
KW  - Economic policy
KW  - Government and politics
KW  - book
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L2  - http://rpc.senate.gov/public/_files/020309Stimulus4.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-06-01
N1  - Publication note - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee, 2009
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Federal Research and Development Funding: Possible Impacts of Operating under a Continuing Resolution
AN  - 58807972; 2008-283571
AB  - On September 30, 2008, President Bush signed into law the Consolidated Security, Disaster Assistance, and Continuing Appropriations Act, 2009 (P.L. 110-329). Division A of this law is a continuing resolution and provides funding (through March 6, 2009, unless superseded by further congressional action) for agencies and programs normally funded by nine of the 12 regular appropriations bills; and this report discusses provisions of the law and the possible effects of working under a continuing resolution. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Feb 3 2009, 4 pp.
AU  - Shea, Dana A
AU  - Morgan, Daniel
Y1  - 2009/02/03/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Feb 03
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Science and technology policy - Science and science policy and research
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - United States
KW  - Research and development
KW  - Appropriations and expenditures
KW  - Bush, George W.
KW  - Legislation
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58807972?accountid=14244
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RS22978_20090203.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-06-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RS22978
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Science, Technology, and American Diplomacy: Background and Issues for Congress
AN  - 58806395; 2008-283570
AB  - This report discusses international science and technology (S&T) diplomacy, instances when American leadership in S&T is used as a diplomatic tool to enhance another country's development and to improve understanding by other nations of US values and ways of doing business. According to the National Research Council, five developmental challenges where S&T could play a role include child health and child survival, safe water, agricultural research to reduce hunger and poverty, micro-economic reform, and mitigation of natural disasters. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Feb 3 2009, 11 pp.
AU  - Stine, Deborah D
Y1  - 2009/02/03/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Feb 03
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - International relations - Diplomacy
KW  - Politics - Politics and policy-making
KW  - Agriculture and agricultural policy - Agricultural policy and agricultural research
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Food and nutrition
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Health and health policy
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Social policy and social development
KW  - Poverty relief
KW  - Hunger
KW  - United States
KW  - Agricultural research
KW  - Diplomacy
KW  - National research council
KW  - Science policy
KW  - Child health
KW  - Leadership
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL34503_20090203.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-06-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RL34503
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Democrats' Spending Expansion Bill Dramatically Increases Federal Role in Education
AN  - 58804718; 2008-283483
AB  - The Democrats' economic stimulus bill (S. 336) contains approximately 142 billion dollars in federal funding for education-related purposes. The bill would dramatically increase the federal role in education and limit the options of local policy makers.
JF  - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee, Feb 3 2009, 7 pp.
AU  - United States Senate Republican Policy Committee
Y1  - 2009/02/03/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Feb 03
PB  - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee
KW  - Education and education policy - Education
KW  - Government - Forms of government
KW  - Politics - Political parties and groups
KW  - United States
KW  - Educational policy
KW  - Federal government
KW  - Democratic party (United States)
KW  - book
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L2  - http://rpc.senate.gov/public/_files/020309StimulusEducation6.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-06-01
N1  - Publication note - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee, 2009
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Federal R&D, Drug Discovery, and Pricing: Insights from the NIH-University-Industry Relationship
AN  - 58798022; 2008-283569
AB  - Public interest in approaches that might provide prescription drugs at lower cost rekindles debate over the role the federal government plays in facilitating the creation of new pharmaceuticals. Some argue that the government's financial, scientific, and/or clinical support of health-related research and development (R&D) entitles the public to commensurate considerations in the prices of any resulting drugs, while others view government intervention in price decisions based upon initial federal funding as contrary to the trend of government promotion of innovation, technological advancement, and the commercialization of technology by the business community leading to new products and processes for the marketplace. Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Feb 3 2009, 28 pp.
AU  - Schacht, Wendy H
Y1  - 2009/02/03/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Feb 03
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Science and technology policy - Science and science policy and research
KW  - Manufacturing and heavy industry - Pharmaceutical industry
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Medicine and health care
KW  - Business and service sector - Business finance
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Health and health policy
KW  - Government - Forms of government
KW  - Politics - Politics and policy-making
KW  - Prescriptions
KW  - Federal government
KW  - Public interest
KW  - Research and development
KW  - Prices
KW  - Drugs
KW  - Public health
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL32324_20090203.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-06-01
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RL32324
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Proposed Funding for Workforce Development in the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) of 2009
AN  - 58805373; 2008-256177
AB  - On January 28, 2009, the House of Representatives passed the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (H.R. 1) -- ARRA -- and the Senate is currently considering similar economic stimulus legislation in (S. 336). This report provides a brief overview of the key provisions related to workforce development programs administered by US Department of Labor (DOL) that were included in the act under Title IX of H.R. 1 and Title VIII of S. 336, and it also provides estimates of state grants for programs for which these estimates are relevant and for which data needed to produce the estimates are available. Tables, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Feb 2 2009, 14 pp.
AU  - Bradley, David H
AU  - Lordeman, Ann
Y1  - 2009/02/02/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Feb 02
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Labor conditions and policy - Work and labor
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - Economic stabilization
KW  - Legislation
KW  - Labor
KW  - United States Labor department
KW  - book
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Bradley%2C+David+H%3BLordeman%2C+Ann&rft.aulast=Bradley&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2009-02-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Proposed+Funding+for+Workforce+Development+in+the+American+Recovery+and+Reinvestment+Act+%28ARRA%29+of+2009&rft.title=Proposed+Funding+for+Workforce+Development+in+the+American+Recovery+and+Reinvestment+Act+%28ARRA%29+of+2009&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40182_20090202.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-04-21
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code R40182
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Dosimetry during mango irradiation using Gafchromic HD-810 film.
AN  - 67158644; 19324933
AB  - The dosimetric characteristics of Gafchromic HD-810 film were evaluated for its possible use as a high-dose dosimeter for routine dosimetry during mango irradiation. The film dosimeter sample of size 2 x 2 cm(2) was used throughout the course of this work. The irradiation of the film dosimeter for characterisation and calibration purposes was carried out in a gamma irradiator. The dose-response of the Gafchromic HD-810 film dosimeter at 550 nm was found to be linear in the dose range 50-1000 Gy, which indicates the feasibility of using this film for dosimetry up to 1000 Gy. The mean inter-dosimeter variation was within 2%, which gives better dose-response consistency of the HD-810 film. The radiation absorbed dose measured by the Gafchromic HD-810 film dosimeter during mango irradiation was compared with that measured by a standard Ceric-cerous dosimeter. This study establishes the Gafchromic HD-810 film as a convenient and technically suitable dosimeter for high-dose dosimetry up to 1.0 kGy during mango irradiation.
JF  - Radiation protection dosimetry
AU  - Sharma, S D
AU  - Chilkulwar, R H
AU  - Kumar, Rajesh
AD  - Radiological Physics & Advisory Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, CT&CRS, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India. sdsharma_barc@rediffmail.com
Y1  - 2009/02//
PY  - 2009
DA  - February 2009
SP  - 208
EP  - 213
VL  - 133
IS  - 4
KW  - Index Medicus
KW  - Radiation Dosage
KW  - Calibration
KW  - Film Dosimetry -- instrumentation
KW  - Mangifera -- radiation effects
KW  - Radiation Monitoring
KW  - Film Dosimetry -- standards
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.atitle=Dosimetry+during+mango+irradiation+using+Gafchromic+HD-810+film.&rft.au=Sharma%2C+S+D%3BChilkulwar%2C+R+H%3BKumar%2C+Rajesh&rft.aulast=Sharma&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=133&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=208&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.issn=1742-3406&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Frpd%2Fncp046
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date completed - 2009-07-30
N1  - Date created - 2009-04-23
N1  - Date revised - 2017-01-13
N1  - Last updated - 2017-01-18
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncp046
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - International Gene Trap Project: towards gene-driven saturation mutagenesis in mice.
AN  - 66902623; 19199955
AB  - While the human genome project has been completed, analysis of functions of each gene is still underway. Knockout and knock down of gene products offer useful tools to understand functions of a single gene in vivo. Production of knockout mice using homologous recombination in embryonic stem (ES) cells is a powerful and established strategy. However, it is laborious, time-consuming and expensive if expanding large scale. In mice, the gene trap is an alternative strategy to disrupt gene functions by random disruption of gene. The functions of a gene in vivo can be analyzed by production of mice from trapped ES clones. Large-scale gene trap projects have been started in some research centers of the world, and the International Gene Trap Consortium (IGTC) was established to strengthen interactions among centers involved. Moreover, the website of the IGTC has been constructed to integrate information of trap clones from each gene trap project. The database of the IGTC is expanding rapidly because of accumulation of information about gene trap clones from ongoing gene trap projects; approximately 135,000 trapped ES lines are registered in June, 2008. These clones are freely available to academic community. At moment, the IGTC cell lines have covered approximately 10,000 genes in the mouse genome database. Therefore, it is recommended to check the IGTC database before starting knockout experiment, even when annotations of genes are not available. In this review, we introduce principle and short history of gene trap, and then use of the IGTC database is described to obtain trapped ES clones for the experiments.
JF  - Current pharmaceutical biotechnology
AU  - Araki, Masatake
AU  - Araki, Kimi
AU  - Yamamura, Ken-ichi
AD  - Institute of Resource Development and Analysis, Kumamoto University, Honjo, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan. maraki@gpo.kumamoto-u.ac.jp
Y1  - 2009/02//
PY  - 2009
DA  - February 2009
SP  - 221
EP  - 229
VL  - 10
IS  - 2
KW  - Index Medicus
KW  - Animals
KW  - Mice, Mutant Strains
KW  - International Cooperation
KW  - Genetic Vectors
KW  - Mice
KW  - Plasmids
KW  - Cell Line
KW  - Embryonic Stem Cells -- metabolism
KW  - Embryonic Stem Cells -- cytology
KW  - Genomics -- methods
KW  - Embryonic Stem Cells -- physiology
KW  - Mutagenesis, Insertional -- methods
KW  - Databases, Genetic
KW  - Mutagenesis
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+pharmaceutical+biotechnology&rft.atitle=International+Gene+Trap+Project%3A+towards+gene-driven+saturation+mutagenesis+in+mice.&rft.au=Araki%2C+Masatake%3BAraki%2C+Kimi%3BYamamura%2C+Ken-ichi&rft.aulast=Araki&rft.aufirst=Masatake&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=221&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+pharmaceutical+biotechnology&rft.issn=1873-4316&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date completed - 2009-05-11
N1  - Date created - 2009-02-09
N1  - Date revised - 2017-01-13
N1  - Last updated - 2017-01-18
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - New findings with old drugs for osteoporosis.
AN  - 66886243; 19191686
AB  - Postmenopausal osteoporosis is common and is associated with stooped posture, loss of height, back pain and fractures.
          This evaluation is of clinical outcome trials with tibolone (Long-Term Intervention of Fractures with Tibolone) and strontium ranelate (Spinal Osteoporosis Therapeutic Intervention) in postmenopausal osteoporosis. Although the Long-Term Intervention of Fractures with Tibolone trial established that tibolone decreased the incidence of vertebral and non-vertebral fractures in postmenopausal osteoporosis, it also showed that tibolone caused a small increase in the incidence of stoke. The Spinal Osteoporosis Therapeutic Intervention trial established that strontium ranelate decreased the incidence of vertebral fractures, but had little effect on the incidence of non-vertebral fractures. As some of the bisphosphonates (alendronate, risedronate, zoledronic acid) have been shown to prevent hip fractures without increasing the incidence of stroke, they should be preferred to tibolone and strontium in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
JF  - Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy
AU  - Doggrell, Sheila A
AD  - Queensland University of Technology, School of Life Sciences, GPO Box 2334, QLD4001, Australia. sheila.doggrell@qut.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/02//
PY  - 2009
DA  - February 2009
SP  - 513
EP  - 516
VL  - 10
IS  - 3
KW  - Bone Density Conservation Agents
KW  - 0
KW  - Diphosphonates
KW  - Norpregnenes
KW  - Organometallic Compounds
KW  - Thiophenes
KW  - strontium ranelate
KW  - 04NQ160FRU
KW  - tibolone
KW  - FF9X0205V2
KW  - Index Medicus
KW  - Diphosphonates -- therapeutic use
KW  - Humans
KW  - Clinical Trials as Topic
KW  - Stroke -- chemically induced
KW  - Female
KW  - Thiophenes -- adverse effects
KW  - Thiophenes -- therapeutic use
KW  - Norpregnenes -- therapeutic use
KW  - Norpregnenes -- adverse effects
KW  - Bone Density Conservation Agents -- therapeutic use
KW  - Organometallic Compounds -- adverse effects
KW  - Organometallic Compounds -- therapeutic use
KW  - Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal -- prevention & control
KW  - Bone Density Conservation Agents -- adverse effects
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Expert+opinion+on+pharmacotherapy&rft.atitle=New+findings+with+old+drugs+for+osteoporosis.&rft.au=Doggrell%2C+Sheila+A&rft.aulast=Doggrell&rft.aufirst=Sheila&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=513&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Expert+opinion+on+pharmacotherapy&rft.issn=1744-7666&rft_id=info:doi/10.1517%2F14656560802707887
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date completed - 2009-05-20
N1  - Date created - 2009-02-04
N1  - Date revised - 2017-01-13
N1  - Last updated - 2017-01-18
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1517/14656560802707887
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Using E-Government to Reinforce Government -Citizen Relationships: Comparing Government Reform in the United States and China
AN  - 59910974; 200910153
AB  - A comparison of the United States and China shows that electronic government (e-government) can be used to enhance citizens' access to government as much as government's access to citizens. Both countries are using e-government initiatives as vehicles to improve internal efficiencies and provide better services to their citizens. However, in the case of the United States, e-government also represents an opportunity to infuse business principles into the government - citizen relationship (results-oriented government). In the case of China, e-government represents a means to bring subnational levels of government under greater scrutiny and control of the central government, as it reinforces monopoly control over the government -citizen relationship (transparency with security). Further comparative analysis along three dimensions suggests that although technology can play an important role in fostering the redistribution of power and encouraging interactions between governments and citizens, the notion of government reform carries many different connotations. [Reprinted by permission of Sage Publications Inc., copyright.]
JF  - Social Science Computer Review
AU  - Seifert, Jeffrey W
AU  - Chung, Jongpil
AD  - Congressional Research Service jseifert@crs.loc.gov
Y1  - 2009/02//
PY  - 2009
DA  - February 2009
SP  - 3
EP  - 23
PB  - Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks CA
VL  - 27
IS  - 1
SN  - 0894-4393, 0894-4393
KW  - electronic government (e-government) government reform administrative reform United States China strategy blueprint citizen
KW  - Central Government
KW  - Comparative Analysis
KW  - Peoples Republic of China
KW  - Efficiency
KW  - United States of America
KW  - Internet
KW  - Reform
KW  - Citizen Participation
KW  - article
KW  - 9221: politics and society; politics and society
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59910974?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Social+Science+Computer+Review&rft.atitle=Using+E-Government+to+Reinforce+Government+-Citizen+Relationships%3A+Comparing+Government+Reform+in+the+United+States+and+China&rft.au=Seifert%2C+Jeffrey+W%3BChung%2C+Jongpil&rft.aulast=Seifert&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Social+Science+Computer+Review&rft.issn=08944393&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F0894439308316404
LA  - English
DB  - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2010-10-21
N1  - Number of references - 47
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - CODEN - SSCREH
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Peoples Republic of China; United States of America; Reform; Central Government; Internet; Efficiency; Citizen Participation; Comparative Analysis
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0894439308316404
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Specialisation and Growth: Evidence from Australia's Regional Cities
AN  - 58802237; 2008-250726
AB  - This paper draws upon the 2001 census to examine the impact of national economic reform on the growth of regional cities. The paper argues that regional cities in Australia have taken on new roles within both their region and the national economy. It argues that deregulation of the economy has contributed to the growth of some regional cities and especially those that have been able to deepen their economies. Through the use of regression analysis, the paper suggests that regional centres that have witnessed an increase in the level of specialisation within their economy have, on average, grown more quickly than other cities. The paper concludes with a discussion of the implications for our understanding of the evolution of urban systems. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - Urban Studies
AU  - Beer, Andrew
AU  - Clower, Terry
AD  - Department of Geography, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, South Australia, 5001, Australia email: andrew.beer@flinders.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/02//
PY  - 2009
DA  - February 2009
SP  - 369
EP  - 389
PB  - Sage Publications, London UK
VL  - 46
IS  - 2
SN  - 0042-0980, 0042-0980
KW  - International relations - International relations
KW  - Politics - Politics and policy-making
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Urban conditions
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - Population groups, population policy, and demographics - Demography and census
KW  - Deregulation
KW  - Cities and towns
KW  - Census
KW  - Australia
KW  - Regionalism
KW  - article
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apais&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Urban+Studies&rft.atitle=Specialisation+and+Growth%3A+Evidence+from+Australia%27s+Regional+Cities&rft.au=Beer%2C+Andrew%3BClower%2C+Terry&rft.aulast=Beer&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=369&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Urban+Studies&rft.issn=00420980&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F0042098008099359
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2010-10-21
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - CODEN - URBSAQ
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Regionalism; Cities and towns; Australia; Deregulation; Census
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098008099359
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Rapid Implementation of a Smokers' Quitline Fax Referral Service in an Urban Area
AN  - 57282098; 200905519
AB  - Purpose. To increase use of fax referral services to a state smokers' quitline. Design. Program evaluation. Setting. A populous urban county. Subjects. Smokers older than 17 years. Intervention. In January 2005, a state-funded smoking cessation center began to offer training and technical assistance to clinical sites to expand tobacco control services. Measures. Proportion of each county's smokers referred to quitline. Results. Prior to program onset, only one Bronx provider had made a fax referral to the quitline. In 2006, 943 fax referrals were made, representing 0.5% of all smokers in the county. This was a higher proportion than any other state county with an adult population exceeding 250, 000. Bronx smokers are 2.47 times more likely to be fax-referred to the quitline than other smokers in New York. Conclusion. A program consisting of training and technical assistance, and emphasizing systems change, can markedly increase providers' use of quitline referral services. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved
AU  - Bernstein, Steven L
AU  - Jearld, Saba
AU  - Prasad, Deepa
AU  - Bax, Patricia
AU  - Bauer, Ursula
AD  - Section of Emergency Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 464 Congress Ave., Suite 260, New Haven, CT 06519 Tel: (203) 737-4703 steven.bernstein@yale.edu
Y1  - 2009/02//
PY  - 2009
DA  - February 2009
SP  - 55
EP  - 63
PB  - John Hopkins University Press, Baltimore MD
VL  - 20
IS  - 1
SN  - 1049-2089, 1049-2089
KW  - Smoking, smoking cessation, tobacco control, quitline
KW  - Helplines
KW  - Smoking
KW  - Referrals
KW  - Technical assistance
KW  - Cessation
KW  - Urban areas
KW  - article
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LA  - English
DB  - Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA)
N1  - Date revised - 2009-04-08
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-27
N1  - CODEN - JHCUEK
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Smoking; Helplines; Referrals; Technical assistance; Urban areas; Cessation
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Creating a Culture of Movement: The Benefits of Promoting Physical Activity in Schools and the Workplace
AN  - 57257642; 200907867
AB  - The human body was made to move. We must work to become a nation that exercises more, because our country faces a serious threat in the obesity epidemic. A decline in physical activity has been a significant factor in the unprecedented rise in obesity. Six years ago, I founded the Congressional Fitness Caucus to raise awareness about the obesity epidemic & advocate for initiatives encouraging physical activity & healthy living, particularly in children. When children acquire dynamic exercising habits, they can grow to lead active & healthy lives as adults, increasing productivity along the way. [Copyright 2009 American Journal of Preventive Medicine; published by Elsevier Inc.]
JF  - American Journal of Preventive Medicine
AU  - Wamp, Zach
AU  - Congressman, U S
Y1  - 2009/02//
PY  - 2009
DA  - February 2009
SP  - S55
EP  - S56
PB  - Elsevier Science, New York NY
VL  - 36
IS  - 2S1
SN  - 0749-3797, 0749-3797
KW  - Obesity
KW  - Epidemics
KW  - Healthy habits
KW  - Legislators
KW  - Physical activity
KW  - Health promotion
KW  - article
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57257642?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aassia&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Preventive+Medicine&rft.atitle=Creating+a+Culture+of+Movement%3A+The+Benefits+of+Promoting+Physical+Activity+in+Schools+and+the+Workplace&rft.au=Wamp%2C+Zach%3BCongressman%2C+U+S&rft.aulast=Wamp&rft.aufirst=Zach&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=2S1&rft.spage=S55&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Preventive+Medicine&rft.issn=07493797&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.amepre.2008.10.008
LA  - English
DB  - Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA)
N1  - Date revised - 2009-04-08
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-27
N1  - CODEN - AJPMEA
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Physical activity; Obesity; Epidemics; Legislators; Health promotion; Healthy habits
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2008.10.008
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Mortality among Former Love Canal Residents
AN  - 21404816; 12126231
AB  - BACKGROUND: The Love Canal was a rectangular 16-acre, 10-ft-deep chemical waste landfill situated in a residential neighborhood in Niagara Falls, New York. This seriously contaminated site came to public attention in 1978. Only one prior study examined cancer incidence in former residents of the Love Canal neighborhood (LC). OBJECTIVE: In this study we aimed to describe cancer incidence in former LC residents from 1979 to 1996 and to investigate whether it differs from that of New York State (NYS) and Niagara County (NC). METHODS: From 1978 to 1982, we interviewed 6,181 former residents, and 5,052 were eligible to be included in this study. In 1996, we identified 304 cancer diagnoses in this cohort using the NYS Cancer Registry. We compared LC cancer incidence with that of NYS and NC using standardized incidence ratios (SIRs), and we compared risks within the LC group by potential exposure to the landfill using survival analysis. RESULTS: SIRs were elevated for cancers of the bladder [SIR(NYS) = 1.44; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.91-2.16] and kidney (SIR(NYS) = 1.48; 95% CI, 0.76-2.58). Although CIs included 1.00, other studies have linked these cancers to chemicals similar to those found at Love Canal. We also found higher rates of bladder cancer among residents exposed as children, based on two cases. CONCLUSIONS: In explaining these excess risks, the role of exposure to the landfill is unclear given such limitations as a relatively small and incomplete study cohort, imprecise exposure measurements, and the exclusion of cancers diagnosed before 1979. Given the relatively young age of the cohort, further surveillance is warranted.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Gensburg, Lenore J
AU  - Pantea, Cristian
AU  - Fitzgerald, Edward
AU  - Stark, Alice
AU  - Hwang, Syni-An
AU  - Kim, Nancy
Y1  - 2009/02//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Feb 2009
SP  - 1265
EP  - 1271
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 2
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Canals
KW  - urinary bladder
KW  - Mortality
KW  - Landfills
KW  - Waste disposal sites
KW  - Kidney
KW  - ISE, Pacific, New Zealand Island Terr., Niue I., Alofi, Sir
KW  - Standards
KW  - survival
KW  - Cancer
KW  - USA, New York
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mortality; urinary bladder; Canals; Landfills; Waste disposal sites; Kidney; Standards; survival; Cancer; ISE, Pacific, New Zealand Island Terr., Niue I., Alofi, Sir; USA, New York
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Environment and Obesity in the National Children's Study
AN  - 21400506; 12126239
AB  - OBJECTIVE: In this review we describe the approach taken by the National Children's Study (NCS), a 21-year prospective study of 100,000 American children, to understanding the role of environmental factors in the development of obesity. DATA SOURCES AND EXTRACTION: We review the literature with regard to the two core hypotheses in the NCS that relate to environmental origins of obesity and describe strategies that will be used to test each hypothesis. DATA SYNTHESIS: Although it is clear that obesity in an individual results from an imbalance between energy intake and expenditure, control of the obesity epidemic will require understanding of factors in the modern built environment and chemical exposures that may have the capacity to disrupt the link between energy intake and expenditure. The NCS is the largest prospective birth cohort study ever undertaken in the United States that is explicitly designed to seek information on the environmental causes of pediatric disease. CONCLUSIONS: Through its embrace of the life-course approach to epidemiology, the NCS will be able to study the origins of obesity from preconception through late adolescence, including factors ranging from genetic inheritance to individual behaviors to the social, built, and natural environment and chemical exposures. It will have sufficient statistical power to examine interactions among these multiple influences, including gene-environment and gene-obesity interactions. A major secondary benefit will derive from the banking of specimens for future analysis.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Trasande, Leonardo
AU  - Cronk, Chris
AU  - Durkin, Maureen
AU  - Weiss, Marianne
AU  - Schoeller, Dale A
AU  - Gall, Elizabeth A
AU  - Hewitt, Jeanne B
AU  - Carrel, Aaron L
AU  - Landrigan, Philip J
AU  - Gillman, Matthew W
Y1  - 2009/02//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Feb 2009
SP  - 159
EP  - 166
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 2
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - environmental factors
KW  - USA
KW  - Reviews
KW  - obesity
KW  - banking
KW  - Children
KW  - Adolescents
KW  - ENA 03:Energy
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - environmental factors; Reviews; obesity; banking; Children; Adolescents; USA
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Early Kidney Damage in a Population Exposed to Cadmium and Other Heavy Metals
AN  - 21396799; 12126236
AB  - BACKGROUND: Exposure to heavy metals may cause kidney damage. The population living near the Avonmouth zinc smelter has been exposed to cadmium and other heavy metals for many decades. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to assess Cd body burden and early signs of kidney damage in the Avonmouth population. METHODS: We used dispersion modeling to assess exposure to Cd. We analyzed urine samples from the local population (n = 180) for Cd (U-Cd) to assess dose (body burden) and for three biomarkers of early kidney damage [N-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase (U-NAG), retinol-binding protein, and alpha-1-microglobulin]. We collected information on occupation, intake of homegrown vegetables, smoking, and medical history by questionnaire. RESULTS: Median U-Cd concentrations were 0.22 nmol/mmol creatinine (nonsmoking 0.18/smoking 0.40) and 0.34 nmol/mmol creatinine (nonsmoking 0.31/smoking 0.46) in non-occupationally exposed men and women, respectively. There was a significant dose-response relationship between U-Cd and the prevalence of early renal damage-defined as U-NAG 0.22 IU/mmol-with odds ratios of 2.64 [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.70-9.97] and 3.64 (95% CI, 0.98-13.5) for U-Cd levels of 0.3 to 0.5 and levels or= 0.5 nmol/mmol creatinine, respectively (p for trend = 0.045). CONCLUSION: U-Cd concentrations were close to levels where kidney and bone effects have been found in other populations. The dose-response relationship between U-Cd levels and prevalence of U-NAG above the reference value support the need for measures to reduce environmental Cd exposure.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Thomas, Laura D K
AU  - Hodgson, Susan
AU  - Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark
AU  - Jarup, Lars
Y1  - 2009/02//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Feb 2009
SP  - 181
EP  - 184
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 2
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Bioindicators
KW  - Bone
KW  - Smoking
KW  - Urine
KW  - Dose-response effects
KW  - British Isles, England, Avon, Avonmouth
KW  - Kidney
KW  - body burden
KW  - Proteins
KW  - heavy metals
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bone; Bioindicators; Smoking; Urine; Dose-response effects; Kidney; Proteins; body burden; heavy metals; British Isles, England, Avon, Avonmouth
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Occupational Exposure to Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Risk of Breast Cancer
AN  - 21396758; 12126220
AB  - BACKGROUND: Despite the endocrine system activity exhibited by polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), recent studies have shown little association between PCB exposure and breast cancer mortality. OBJECTIVES: To further evaluate the relation between PCB exposure and breast cancer risk, we studied incidence, a more sensitive end point than mortality, in an occupational cohort. METHODS: We followed 5,752 women employed for at least 1 year in one of three capacitor manufacturing facilities, identifying cases from questionnaires, cancer registries, and death certificates through 1998. We collected lifestyle and reproductive information via questionnaire from participants or next of kin and used semiquantitative job-exposure matrices for inhalation and dermal exposures combined. We generated standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) and standardized rate ratios and used Cox proportional hazards regression models to evaluate potential confounders and effect modifiers. RESULTS: Overall, the breast cancer SIR was 0.81 (95% confidence interval, 0.72-0.92; n = 257), and regression modeling showed little effect of employment duration or cumulative exposure. However, for the 362 women of questionnaire-identified races other than white, we observed positive, statistically significant associations with employment duration and cumulative exposure; only smoking, birth cohort, and self- or proxy questionnaire completion had statistically significant explanatory power when added to models with exposure metrics. CONCLUSIONS: We found no overall elevation in breast cancer risk after occupational exposure to PCBs. However, the exposure-related risk elevations seen among nonwhite workers, although of limited interpretability given the small number of cases, warrant further investigation, because the usual reproductive risk factors accounted for little of the increased risk.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Silver, Sharon R
AU  - Whelan, Elizabeth A
AU  - Deddens, James A
AU  - Steenland, N Kyle
AU  - Hopf, Nancy B
AU  - Waters, Martha A
AU  - Ruder, Avima M
AU  - Prince, Mary M
AU  - Yong, Lee C
AU  - Hein, Misty J
AU  - Ward, Elizabeth M
Y1  - 2009/02//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Feb 2009
SP  - 276
EP  - 282
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 2
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Inhalation
KW  - Mortality
KW  - Manufacturing industry
KW  - employment
KW  - ISE, Pacific, New Zealand Island Terr., Niue I., Alofi, Sir
KW  - Breast cancer
KW  - Standards
KW  - PCB compounds
KW  - Cancer
KW  - Occupational exposure
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Inhalation; Manufacturing industry; Mortality; employment; Breast cancer; Standards; PCB compounds; Occupational exposure; Cancer; ISE, Pacific, New Zealand Island Terr., Niue I., Alofi, Sir
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Particulate Matter (PM) Research Centers (1999-2005) and the Role of Interdisciplinary Center-Based Research
AN  - 21391235; 12126237
AB  - OBJECTIVE: The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency funded five academic centers in 1999 to address the uncertainties in exposure, toxicity, and health effects of airborne particulate matter (PM) identified in the "Research Priorities for Airborne Particulate Matter" of the National Research Council (NRC). The centers were structured to promote interdisciplinary approaches to address research priorities of the NRC. In this report, we present selected accomplishments from the first 6 years of the PM Centers, with a focus on the advantages afforded by the interdisciplinary, center-based research approach. The review highlights advances in the area of ultrafine particles and traffic-related health effects as well as cardiovascular and respiratory effects, mechanisms, susceptibility, and PM exposure and characterization issues. DATA SOURCES AND SYNTHESIS: The collective publications of the centers served as the data source. To provide a concise synthesis of overall findings, authors representing each of the five centers identified a limited number of topic areas that serve to illustrate the key accomplishments of the PM Centers program, and a consensus statement was developed. CONCLUSIONS: The PM Centers program has effectively applied interdisciplinary research approaches to advance PM science.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Fanning, Elinor W
AU  - Froines, John R
AU  - Utell, Mark J
AU  - Lippmann, Morton
AU  - Oberdoerster, Gunter
AU  - Frampton, Mark
AU  - Godleski, John
AU  - Larson, Tim V
Y1  - 2009/02//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Feb 2009
SP  - 167
EP  - 174
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 2
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - EPA
KW  - USA
KW  - interdisciplinary research
KW  - Reviews
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - Particulates
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21391235?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Particulate+Matter+%28PM%29+Research+Centers+%281999-2005%29+and+the+Role+of+Interdisciplinary+Center-Based+Research&rft.au=Fanning%2C+Elinor+W%3BFroines%2C+John+R%3BUtell%2C+Mark+J%3BLippmann%2C+Morton%3BOberdoerster%2C+Gunter%3BFrampton%2C+Mark%3BGodleski%2C+John%3BLarson%2C+Tim+V&rft.aulast=Fanning&rft.aufirst=Elinor&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=167&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - EPA; interdisciplinary research; Reviews; Particulates; Toxicity; USA
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Metabolism of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) by Human Hepatocytes in Vitro
AN  - 21391218; 12126233
AB  - BACKGROUND: Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are flame-retardant chemicals that accumulate in human tissues and are potential toxicants. Concentrations of PBDEs in human tissues have increased recently, and body burdens in the U.S. and Canadian populations are higher than in any other region. OBJECTIVES: Although metabolism in animal laboratory studies has been examined, no studies have explored the metabolism of these contaminants in human tissues. We undertook this study to determine whether PBDEs could be metabolized by human liver cells in vitro and to identify what types of metabolites are formed. METHODS: We exposed hepatocytes from three different donors (two cryopreserved batches and one fresh batch) to solutions containing 10 muM of either of two environmentally relevant and prominent PBDE congeners-BDE-99 or BDE-209-for periods of 24-72 hr. We also conducted gene expression analysis to provide information on potential induction of xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes. RESULTS: Exposing hepatocytes to BDE-99 resulted in the formation of 2,4,5-tribromo phenol, two monohydroxylated pentabrominated diphenyl ether metabolites, and a yet unidentified tetrabrominated metabolite. No hydroxylated or debrominated metabolites were observed in the cells exposed to BDE-209. This suggests that BDE-209 was not metabolized, that nonextractable, covalently protein-bound metabolites were formed, or that the exposure time was not long enough for BDE-209 to diffuse into the cell to be metabolized. However, we observed up-regulation of genes encoding for cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (CYP) 1A2, CYP3A4, deiodinase type 1, and glutathione S-transferase M1 in hepatocyes exposed to both BDE-99 and BDE-209. CONCLUSIONS: Our in vitro results suggest that the human liver will likely metabolize some BDE congeners (e.g., BDE-99) in vivo. These metabolites have been shown to elicit greater toxicity than the parent BDE congeners in laboratory bioassays; thus, more research on body burdens and human health effects from these metabolites are warranted.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Stapleton, Heather M
AU  - Kelly, Shannon M
AU  - Pei, Ruoting
AU  - Letcher, Robert J
AU  - Gunsch, Claudia
Y1  - 2009/02//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Feb 2009
SP  - 197
EP  - 202
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 2
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Polybrominated diphenyl ethers
KW  - USA
KW  - polybrominated diphenyl ethers
KW  - Liver
KW  - body burden
KW  - Metabolites
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - Ethers
KW  - Fire retardants
KW  - Metabolism
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Polybrominated diphenyl ethers; polybrominated diphenyl ethers; Liver; body burden; Metabolites; Fire retardants; Ethers; Toxicity; Metabolism; USA
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Rising CO2, Climate Change, and Public Health: Exploring the Links to Plant Biology
AN  - 21389738; 12126238
AB  - BACKGROUND: Although the issue of anthropogenic climate forcing and public health is widely recognized, one fundamental aspect has remained underappreciated: the impact of climatic change on plant biology and the well-being of human systems. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to critically evaluate the extant and probable links between plant function and human health, drawing on the pertinent literature. DISCUSSION: Here we provide a number of critical examples that range over various health concerns related to plant biology and climate change, including aerobiology, contact dermatitis, pharmacology, toxicology, and pesticide use. CONCLUSIONS: There are a number of clear links among climate change, plant biology, and public health that remain underappreciated by both plant scientists and health care providers. We demonstrate the importance of such links in our understanding of climate change impacts and provide a list of key questions that will help to integrate plant biology into the current paradigm regarding climate change and human health.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Ziska, Lewis H
AU  - Epstein, Paul R
AU  - Schlesinger, William H
Y1  - 2009/02//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Feb 2009
SP  - 155
EP  - 158
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 2
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Health care
KW  - Pharmacology
KW  - anthropogenic factors
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Climate
KW  - Pesticides
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Toxicology
KW  - Public health
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21389738?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Rising+CO2%2C+Climate+Change%2C+and+Public+Health%3A+Exploring+the+Links+to+Plant+Biology&rft.au=Ziska%2C+Lewis+H%3BEpstein%2C+Paul+R%3BSchlesinger%2C+William+H&rft.aulast=Ziska&rft.aufirst=Lewis&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=155&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Health care; anthropogenic factors; Pharmacology; Pesticides; Climate; Climatic changes; Carbon dioxide; Toxicology; Public health
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Analysis of Endocrine Disruption in Southern California Coastal Fish Using an Aquatic Multispecies Microarray
AN  - 21389709; 12126229
AB  - BACKGROUND: Endocrine disruptors include plasticizers, pesticides, detergents, and pharmaceuticals. Turbot and other flatfish are used to characterize the presence of chemicals in the marine environment. Unfortunately, there are relatively few genes of turbot and other flatfish in GenBank, which limits the use of molecular tools such as microarrays and quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) to study disruption of endocrine responses in sentinel fish captured by regulatory agencies. OBJECTIVES: We fabricated a multigene cross-species microarray as a diagnostic tool to screen the effects of environmental chemicals in fish, for which there is minimal genomic information. The array included genes that are involved in the actions of adrenal and sex steroids, thyroid hormone, and xenobiotic responses. This microarray will provide a sensitive tool for screening for the presence of chemicals with adverse effects on endocrine responses in coastal fish species. METHODS: We used a custom multispecies microarray to study gene expression in wild hornyhead turbot (Pleuronichthys verticalis) collected from polluted and clean coastal waters and in laboratory male zebrafish (Danio rerio) after exposure to estradiol and 4-nonylphenol. We measured gene-specific expression in turbot liver by qRT-PCR and correlated it to microarray data. RESULTS: Microarray and qRT-PCR analyses of livers from turbot collected from polluted areas revealed altered gene expression profiles compared with those from nonaffected areas. CONCLUSIONS: The agreement between the array data and qRT-PCR analyses validates this multispecies microarray. The microarray measurement of gene expression in zebrafish, which are phylogenetically distant from turbot, indicates that this multispecies microarray will be useful for measuring endocrine responses in other fish.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Baker, Michael E
AU  - Ruggeri, Barbara
AU  - Sprague, L James
AU  - Eckhardt-Ludka, Colleen
AU  - Lapira, Jennifer
AU  - Wick, Ivan
AU  - Soverchia, Laura
AU  - Ubaldi, Massimo
AU  - Polzonetti-Magni, Alberta Maria
AU  - Vidal-Dorsch, Doris
AU  - Bay, Steven
AU  - Gully, Joseph R
AU  - Reyes, Jesus A
AU  - Kelley, Kevin M
AU  - Schlenk, Daniel
AU  - Breen, Ellen C
AU  - Sasik, Roman
AU  - Hardiman, Gary
Y1  - 2009/02//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Feb 2009
SP  - 223
EP  - 230
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 2
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Chemicals
KW  - Marine
KW  - Scophthalmus maximus
KW  - endocrine disruptors
KW  - Detergents
KW  - Nucleotide sequence
KW  - Thyroid
KW  - steroids
KW  - Freshwater
KW  - Freshwater fish
KW  - Hormones
KW  - Toxicity tests
KW  - Marine fish
KW  - Danio rerio
KW  - Fish physiology
KW  - INE, USA, California
KW  - Endocrinology
KW  - Liver
KW  - Fish
KW  - Pleuronichthys verticalis
KW  - Drugs
KW  - Side effects
KW  - Pollution control
KW  - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms
KW  - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-12-24
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fish; Detergents; Fish physiology; Nucleotide sequence; Endocrinology; Freshwater fish; Drugs; Toxicity tests; Pollution control; Chemicals; endocrine disruptors; Thyroid; Liver; Fish; steroids; Hormones; Side effects; Danio rerio; Scophthalmus maximus; Pleuronichthys verticalis; INE, USA, California; Marine; Freshwater
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - State-of-the-Science Workshop Report: Issues and Approaches in Low-Dose-Response Extrapolation for Environmental Health Risk Assessment
AN  - 21389664; 12126222
AB  - Low-dose extrapolation model selection for evaluating the health effects of environmental pollutants is a key component of the risk assessment process. At a workshop held in Baltimore, Maryland, on 23-24 April 2007, sponsored by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and Johns Hopkins Risk Sciences and Public Policy Institute, a multidisciplinary group of experts reviewed the state of the science regarding low-dose extrapolation modeling and its application in environmental health risk assessments. Participants identified discussion topics based on a literature review, which included examples for which human responses to ambient exposures have been extensively characterized for cancer and/or noncancer outcomes. Topics included the need for formalized approaches and criteria to assess the evidence for mode of action (MOA), the use of human versus animal data, the use of MOA information in biologically based models, and the implications of interindividual variability, background disease processes, and background exposures in threshold versus nonthreshold model choice. Participants recommended approaches that differ from current practice for extrapolating high-dose animal data to low-dose human exposures, including categorical approaches for integrating information on MOA, statistical approaches such as model averaging, and inference-based models that explicitly consider uncertainty and interindividual variability.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - White, Ronald H
AU  - Cote, Ila
AU  - Zeise, Lauren
AU  - Fox, Mary
AU  - Dominici, Francesca
AU  - Burke, Thomas A
AU  - White, Paul D
AU  - Hattis, Dale B
AU  - Samet, Jonathan M
Y1  - 2009/02//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Feb 2009
SP  - 283
EP  - 287
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 2
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - EPA
KW  - Reviews
KW  - public policy
KW  - Environmental health
KW  - USA, Maryland, Baltimore
KW  - Cancer
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=State-of-the-Science+Workshop+Report%3A+Issues+and+Approaches+in+Low-Dose-Response+Extrapolation+for+Environmental+Health+Risk+Assessment&rft.au=White%2C+Ronald+H%3BCote%2C+Ila%3BZeise%2C+Lauren%3BFox%2C+Mary%3BDominici%2C+Francesca%3BBurke%2C+Thomas+A%3BWhite%2C+Paul+D%3BHattis%2C+Dale+B%3BSamet%2C+Jonathan+M&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=Ronald&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=283&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; EPA; Reviews; public policy; Environmental health; Cancer; USA, Maryland, Baltimore
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Cadmium Levels in Urine and Mortality among U.S. Adults
AN  - 21386380; 12126234
AB  - BACKGROUND: Cadmium exposure has been associated with increased all-cause, cancer, and cardiovascular disease mortality. However, studies investigating this association have included participants with considerably higher levels of cadmium than those found in the general population. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate the association of creatinine-corrected urinary cadmium levels with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in the U.S. general population. METHODS: We analyzed the relationship between cadmium measured in 13,958 adults who participated in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 1988-1994 and were followed through 31 December 2000, and all-cause, cancer, cardiovascular disease, and coronary heart disease mortality. RESULTS: The geometric mean levels of urinary cadmium per gram of urinary creatinine in study participants were 0.28 and 0.40 microg/g for men and women, respectively (p 0.001). After multivariable adjustment, including smoking, a major source of cadmium exposure in nonoccupationally exposed populations, the hazard ratios [95% confidence interval (CI)] for all-cause, cancer, cardiovascular disease, and coronary heart disease mortality associated with a 2-fold higher creatinine-corrected urinary cadmium were, respectively, 1.28 (95% CI, 1.15-1.43), 1.55 (95% CI, 1.21-1.98), 1.21 (95% CI, 1.07-1.36), and 1.36 (95% CI, 1.11-1.66) for men and 1.06 (95% CI, 0.96-1.16), 1.07 (95% CI, 0.85-1.35), 0.93 (95% CI, 0.84-1.04), and 0.82 (95% CI, 0.76-0.89) for women. CONCLUSIONS: Environmental cadmium exposure was associated with an increased risk of all-cause, cancer, and cardiovascular disease mortality among men, but not among women. Additional efforts are warranted to fully explain gender differences on the impact of environmental cadmium exposure.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Menke, Andy
AU  - Muntner, Paul
AU  - Silbergeld, Ellen K
AU  - Platz, Elizabeth A
AU  - Guallar, Eliseo
Y1  - 2009/02//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Feb 2009
SP  - 190
EP  - 196
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 2
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Mortality
KW  - Smoking
KW  - USA
KW  - Urine
KW  - Gender
KW  - Cardiovascular diseases
KW  - Nutrition
KW  - Cancer
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Cadmium+Levels+in+Urine+and+Mortality+among+U.S.+Adults&rft.au=Menke%2C+Andy%3BMuntner%2C+Paul%3BSilbergeld%2C+Ellen+K%3BPlatz%2C+Elizabeth+A%3BGuallar%2C+Eliseo&rft.aulast=Menke&rft.aufirst=Andy&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=190&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Smoking; Mortality; Urine; Gender; Cardiovascular diseases; Nutrition; Cancer; USA
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Association between Frequency of Chromosomal Aberrations and Cancer Risk Is Not Influenced by Genetic Polymorphisms in GSTM1 and GSTT1
AN  - 21379499; 12126232
AB  - BACKGROUND: The frequency of chromosomal aberrations (CA) in peripheral blood lymphocytes of healthy individuals has been associated with cancer risk. It is presently unclear whether this association is influenced by individual susceptibility factors such as genetic polymorphisms of xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the role of polymorphisms in glutathione S-transferase (GST) M1 (GSTM1) and theta 1 (GSTT1) as effect modifiers of the association between CA and cancer risk. METHODS: A case-control study was performed pooling data from cytogenetic studies carried out in 1974-1995 in three laboratories in Italy, Norway, and Denmark. A total of 107 cancer cases were retrieved from national registries and matched to 291 controls. The subjects were classified as low, medium, and high by tertile of CA frequency. The data were analyzed by setting up a Bayesian model that included prior information about cancer risk by CA frequency. RESULTS: The association between CA frequency and cancer risk was confirmed [OR(medium) (odds ratio)(medium) = 1.5, 95% credibility interval (CrI), 0.9-2.5; OR(high) = 2.8, 95% CrI, 1.6-4.6], whereas no effect of the genetic polymorphism was observed. A much stronger association was seen in the Italian subset (OR(high)= 9.4, 95% CrI, 2.6-28.0), which was characterized by a lower technical variability of the cytogenetic analysis. CA level was particularly associated with cancer of the respiratory tract (OR(high)= 6.2, 95% CrI, 1.5-20.0), the genitourinary tract (OR(high) = 4.0, 95% CrI, 1.4-10.0), and the digestive tract (OR(high) = 2.8, 95% CrI, 1.2-5.8). CONCLUSIONS: Despite the small size of the study groups, our results substantiate the cancer risk predictivity of CA frequency, ruling against a strong modifying effect of GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Rossi, Anna Maria
AU  - Hansteen, Inger-Lise
AU  - Skjelbred, Camilla Furu
AU  - Ballardin, Michela
AU  - Maggini, Valentina
AU  - Murgia, Elena
AU  - Tomei, Antonio
AU  - Viarengo, Paolo
AU  - Knudsen, Lisbeth E
AU  - Barale, Roberto
AU  - Norppa, Hannu
AU  - Bonassi, Stefano
Y1  - 2009/02//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Feb 2009
SP  - 203
EP  - 208
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 2
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Enzymes
KW  - Denmark
KW  - Lymphocytes
KW  - Norway
KW  - Chromosome aberrations
KW  - Italy
KW  - Cancer
KW  - Respiratory tract
KW  - ENA 07:General
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Association+between+Frequency+of+Chromosomal+Aberrations+and+Cancer+Risk+Is+Not+Influenced+by+Genetic+Polymorphisms+in+GSTM1+and+GSTT1&rft.au=Rossi%2C+Anna+Maria%3BHansteen%2C+Inger-Lise%3BSkjelbred%2C+Camilla+Furu%3BBallardin%2C+Michela%3BMaggini%2C+Valentina%3BMurgia%2C+Elena%3BTomei%2C+Antonio%3BViarengo%2C+Paolo%3BKnudsen%2C+Lisbeth+E%3BBarale%2C+Roberto%3BNorppa%2C+Hannu%3BBonassi%2C+Stefano&rft.aulast=Rossi&rft.aufirst=Anna&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=203&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Enzymes; Lymphocytes; Chromosome aberrations; Cancer; Respiratory tract; Denmark; Norway; Italy
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - How the Effect of Maternal Age on the Risk of Childhood Leukemia Changed over Time in Sweden, 1960-2004
AN  - 21379449; 12126217
AB  - BACKGROUND: Previous studies on the association between maternal age and risk of childhood leukemia found inconsistent results. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to assess whether there is an association between maternal age and risk of childhood leukemia and whether such an association is modified by maternal year of birth. METHODS: By linking nationwide Swedish registers, we analyzed leukemia incidence among all children between 1 and 5 years of age born between 1960 and 1999. We estimated incidence time trends by child year of birth (overall and stratified by maternal age) and incidence rate ratios (RRs) for maternal age groups stratified by maternal birth cohort. We tested the interaction between maternal age and child year of birth through the likelihood ratio test between nested Poisson regression models. RESULTS: We observed 1,562 leukemia cases. The overall annual percent change (APC) was 1.00 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.51 to 1.49]. Stratifying by maternal age classes, APCs decreased from 1.66 (0.68 to 2.65) for mothers or= 24 years to 0.23 (-0.93 to 1.40) for mothers or= 35 years at delivery. RRs for children born to the oldest with respect to the youngest mothers were 2.42 (1.31 to 4.67), 1.68 (1.00 to 2.72), 1.34 (0.87 to 2.01), and 0.87 (0.46-1.54) for mothers born in 1930-1934, 1940-1944, 1950-1954, and 1960-1964, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Childhood leukemia risk increased with maternal age for mothers born in the past, whereas maternal age had no effect on this risk for mothers born more recently. This finding may explain the inconsistency of previous studies and suggests that leukemia risk may be related to an environmental factor to which women's exposure has changed over time.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Maule, Milena Maria
AU  - Vizzini, Loredana
AU  - Czene, Kamila
AU  - Akre, Olof
AU  - Richiardi, Lorenzo
Y1  - 2009/02//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Feb 2009
SP  - 299
EP  - 302
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 2
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Leukemia
KW  - environmental factors
KW  - age groups
KW  - Age
KW  - Children
KW  - Sweden
KW  - ENA 07:General
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - age groups; environmental factors; Leukemia; Age; Children; Sweden
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effects of Particulate Matter on Genomic DNA Methylation Content and iNOS Promoter Methylation
AN  - 21374490; 12126230
AB  - BACKGROUND: Altered patterns of gene expression mediate the effects of particulate matter (PM) on human health, but mechanisms through which PM modifies gene expression are largely undetermined. OBJECTIVES: We aimed at identifying short- and long-term effects of PM exposure on DNA methylation, a major genomic mechanism of gene expression control, in workers in an electric furnace steel plant with well-characterized exposure to PM with aerodynamic diameters 10 microm (PM(10)). METHODS: We measured global genomic DNA methylation content estimated in Alu and long interspersed nuclear element-1 (LINE-1) repeated elements, and promoter DNA methylation of iNOS (inducible nitric oxide synthase), a gene suppressed by DNA methylation and induced by PM exposure in blood leukocytes. Quantitative DNA methylation analysis was performed through bisulfite PCR pyrosequencing on blood DNA obtained from 63 workers on the first day of a work week (baseline, after 2 days off work) and after 3 days of work (postexposure). Individual PM(10) exposure was between 73.4 and 1,220 microg/m(3). RESULTS: Global methylation content estimated in Alu and LINE-1 repeated elements did not show changes in postexposure measures compared with baseline. PM(10) exposure levels were negatively associated with methylation in both Alu [beta = -0.19 %5-methylcytosine (%5mC); p = 0.04] and LINE-1 [beta = -0.34 %5mC; p = 0.04], likely reflecting long-term PM(10) effects. iNOS promoter DNA methylation was significantly lower in postexposure blood samples compared with baseline (difference = -0.61 %5mC; p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: We observed changes in global and gene specific methylation that should be further characterized in future investigations on the effects of PM.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Tarantini, Letizia
AU  - Bonzini, Matteo
AU  - Apostoli, Pietro
AU  - Pegoraro, Valeria
AU  - Bollati, Valentina
AU  - Marinelli, Barbara
AU  - Cantone, Laura
AU  - Rizzo, Giovanna
AU  - Hou, Lifang
AU  - Schwartz, Joel
AU  - Bertazzi, Pier Alberto
AU  - Baccarelli, Andrea
Y1  - 2009/02//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Feb 2009
SP  - 217
EP  - 222
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 2
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Furnaces
KW  - Aerodynamics
KW  - DNA
KW  - Nitric oxide
KW  - Particulates
KW  - Steel
KW  - Metal industry
KW  - Occupational exposure
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Furnaces; Aerodynamics; DNA; Nitric oxide; Steel; Particulates; Metal industry; Occupational exposure
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Folate Deficiency, Hyperhomocysteinemia, Low Urinary Creatinine, and Hypomethylation of Leukocyte DNA Are Risk Factors for Arsenic-Induced Skin Lesions
AN  - 21359069; 12126225
AB  - BACKGROUND: Arsenic methylation relies on folate-dependent one-carbon metabolism and facilitates urinary As elimination. Clinical manifestations of As toxicity vary considerably among individuals and populations, and poor methylation capacity is thought to confer greater susceptibility. OBJECTIVE: After determining that folate deficiency, hyperhomocysteinemia, and low urinary creatinine are associated with reduced As methylation, and that As exposure is associated with increased genomic methylation of leukocyte DNA, we asked whether these factors are associated with As-induced skin lesion risk among Bangladeshi adults. METHODS: We conducted a nested case-control study of 274 cases who developed lesions 2 years after recruitment, and 274 controls matched to cases for sex, age, and water As. RESULTS: The odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for development of skin lesions for participants who had low folate ( 9 nmol/L), hyperhomocysteinemia (men, 11.4 micromol/L; women, 10.4 micromol/L), or hypomethylated leukocyte DNA at recruitment ( median) were 1.8 (95% CI, 1.1-2.9), 1.7 (95% CI, 1.1-2.6), and 1.8 (95% CI, 1.2-2.8), respectively. Compared with the subjects in the first quartile, those in the third and fourth quartiles for urinary creatinine had a 0.4-fold decrease in the odds of skin lesions (p 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that folate deficiency, hyperhomocysteinemia, and low urinary creatinine, each associated with decreased As methylation, are risk factors for As-induced skin lesions. The increased DNA methylation associated with As exposure previously observed, and confirmed among controls in this study, may be an adaptive change because hypomethylation of leukocyte DNA is associated with increased risk for skin lesions.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Pilsner, J Richard
AU  - Liu, Xinhua
AU  - Ahsan, Habibul
AU  - Ilievski, Vesna
AU  - Slavkovich, Vesna
AU  - Levy, Diane
AU  - Factor-Litvak, Pam
AU  - Graziano, Joseph H
AU  - Gamble, Mary V
Y1  - 2009/02//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Feb 2009
SP  - 254
EP  - 260
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 2
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Age
KW  - Arsenic
KW  - Skin
KW  - Urine
KW  - DNA
KW  - Lesions
KW  - recruitment
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - Metabolism
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arsenic; Age; Skin; Urine; DNA; recruitment; Lesions; Toxicity; Metabolism
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Quantitative Approach for Incorporating Methylmercury Risks and Omega-3 Fatty Acid Benefits in Developing Species-Specific Fish Consumption Advice
AN  - 21359033; 12126223
AB  - BACKGROUND: Despite general agreement about the toxicity of methylmercury (MeHg), fish consumption advice remains controversial. Concerns have been raised that negative messages will steer people away from fish and omega-3 fatty acid (FA) benefits. One approach is to provide advice for individual species that highlights beneficial fish while cautioning against riskier fish. OBJECTIVES: Our goal in this study was to develop a method to quantitatively analyze the net risk/benefit of individual fish species based on their MeHg and omega-3 FA content. METHODS: We identified dose-response relationships for MeHg and omega-3 FA effects on coronary heart disease (CHD) and neurodevelopment. We used the MeHg and omega-3 FA content of 16 commonly consumed species to calculate the net risk/benefit for each species. RESULTS: Estimated omega-3 FA benefits outweigh MeHg risks for some species (e.g., farmed salmon, herring, trout); however, the opposite was true for others (swordfish, shark). Other species were associated with a small net benefit (e.g., flounder, canned light tuna) or a small net risk (e.g., canned white tuna, halibut). These results were used to place fish into one of four meal frequency categories, with the advice tentative because of limitations in the underlying dose-response information. Separate advice appears warranted for the neurodevelopmental risk group versus the cardiovascular risk group because we found a greater net benefit from fish consumption for the cardiovascular risk group. CONCLUSIONS: This research illustrates a framework for risk/benefit analysis that can be used to develop categories of consumption advice ranging from "do not eat" to "unlimited," with the caveat that unlimited may need to be tempered for certain fish (e.g., farm-raised salmon) because of other contaminants and end points (e.g., cancer risk). Uncertainties exist in the underlying dose-response relationships, pointing in particular to the need for more research on the adverse effects of MeHg on cardiovascular end points.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Ginsberg, Gary L
AU  - Toal, Brian F
Y1  - 2009/02//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Feb 2009
SP  - 267
EP  - 275
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 2
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Marine
KW  - Thunnus
KW  - Methylmercury
KW  - Methyl mercury
KW  - Pleuronectiformes
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - Identification
KW  - Aquaculture
KW  - Toxicity tests
KW  - Cancer
KW  - Fish oils
KW  - Risks
KW  - Marine fish
KW  - Fish consumption
KW  - Dose-response effects
KW  - Fatty acids
KW  - Fish
KW  - Seafood
KW  - Salmonidae
KW  - Side effects
KW  - Fish culture
KW  - ENA 06:Food & Drugs
KW  - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology
KW  - Q1 08587:Diseases of Cultured Organisms
KW  - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms
KW  - Q3 08587:Diseases of Cultured Organisms
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-12-24
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fish; Methyl mercury; Fish consumption; Fatty acids; Identification; Toxicity tests; Risks; Fish culture; Fish oils; Methylmercury; Dose-response effects; Fish; Seafood; Toxicity; Aquaculture; Side effects; Cancer; Thunnus; Pleuronectiformes; Salmonidae; Marine
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - RDX Induces Aberrant Expression of MicroRNAs in Mouse Brain and Liver
AN  - 21354686; 12126228
AB  - BACKGROUND: Although microRNAs (miRNAs) have been found to play an important role in many biological and metabolic processes, their functions in animal response to environmental toxicant exposure are largely unknown. OBJECTIVES: We used hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX), a common environmental contaminant, as a toxicant stressor to investigate toxicant-induced changes in miRNA expression in B6C3F1 mice and the potential mechanism of RDX-induced toxic action. METHODS: B6C3F1 mice were fed diets with or without 5 mg/kg RDX for 28 days. After the feeding trials, we isolated RNAs from both brain and liver tissues and analyzed the expression profiles of 567 known mouse miRNAs using microarray and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction technologies. RESULTS: RDX exposure induced significant changes in miRNA expression profiles. A total of 113 miRNAs, belonging to 75 families, showed significantly altered expression patterns after RDX exposure. Of the 113 miRNAs, 10 were significantly up-regulated and 3 were significantly down-regulated (p 0.01) in both mouse brain and liver. Many miRNAs had tissue-specific responses to RDX exposure. Specifically, expression of seven miRNAs was up-regulated in the brain but down-regulated in the liver or up-regulated in the liver but down-regulated in the brain (p 0.01). Many aberrantly expressed miRNAs were related to various cancers, toxicant-metabolizing enzymes, and neurotoxicity. We found a significant up-regulation of oncogenic miRNAs and a significant down-regulation of tumor-suppressing miRNAs, which included let-7, miR-17-92, miR-10b, miR-15, miR-16, miR-26, and miR-181. CONCLUSIONS: Environmental toxicant exposure alters the expression of a suite of miRNAs.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Zhang, Baohong
AU  - Pan, Xiaoping
Y1  - 2009/02//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Feb 2009
SP  - 231
EP  - 240
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 2
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Diets
KW  - Toxicants
KW  - Neurotoxicity
KW  - Brain
KW  - Liver
KW  - feeding
KW  - Enzymes
KW  - Mice
KW  - Cancer
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diets; Toxicants; Neurotoxicity; feeding; Liver; Brain; Enzymes; Mice; Cancer
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Bisphenol A at Low Nanomolar Doses Confers Chemoresistance in Estrogen Receptor-[alpha]-Positive and -Negative Breast Cancer Cells
AN  - 21354544; 12125208
AB  - BACKGROUND: Resistance to chemotherapy is a major problem facing breast cancer patients, and identifying potential contributors to chemoresistance is a critical area of research. Bisphenol A (BPA) has long been suspected to promote carcinogenesis, but the high doses of BPA used in many studies generated conflicting results. In addition, the mechanism by which BPA exerts its biological actions is unclear. Although estrogen has been shown to antagonize anticancer drugs, the role of BPA in chemoresistance has not been examined. OBJECTIVE: The objective of our study was to determine whether BPA at low nanomolar concentrations opposes the action of doxorubicin, cisplatin, and vinblastine in the estrogen receptor-alpha (ERalpha)-positive T47D and the ERalpha-negative MDA-MB-468 breast cancer cells. METHODS: We determined the responsiveness of cells to anticancer drugs and BPA using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) cytotoxicity assay. Specific ERalpha and ERbeta inhibitors and real-time polymerase chain reaction were used to identify potential receptor(s) that mediate the actions of BPA. Expression of antiapoptotic proteins was assessed by Western blotting. RESULTS: BPA antagonizes the cytotoxicity of multiple chemotherapeutic agents in both ERalpha-positive and -negative breast cancer cells independent of the classical ERs. Both cell types express alternative ERs, including G-protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30) and members of the estrogen-related receptor family. Increased expression of antiapoptotic proteins is a potential mechanism by which BPA exerts its anticytotoxic effects. CONCLUSIONS: BPA at environmentally relevant doses reduces the efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents. These data provide considerable support to the accumulating evidence that BPA is hazardous to human health.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - LaPensee, Elizabeth W
AU  - Tuttle, Traci R
AU  - Fox, Sejal R
AU  - Ben-Jonathan, Nira
Y1  - 2009/02//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Feb 2009
SP  - 175
EP  - 180
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 2
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - bisphenol A
KW  - Cytotoxicity
KW  - Carcinogenesis
KW  - Breast cancer
KW  - Proteins
KW  - Drugs
KW  - Cancer
KW  - chemotherapy
KW  - estrogens
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cytotoxicity; bisphenol A; Carcinogenesis; Proteins; Breast cancer; Drugs; chemotherapy; Cancer; estrogens
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Modification by Influenza on Health Effects of Air Pollution in Hong Kong
AN  - 21348072; 12126226
AB  - BACKGROUND: Both influenza viruses and air pollutants have been well documented as major hazards to human health, but few epidemiologic studies have assessed effect modification of influenza on health effects of ambient air pollutants. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to assess modifying effects of influenza on health effects of ambient air pollutants. METHODS: We applied Poisson regression to daily numbers of hospitalizations and mortality to develop core models after adjustment for potential time-varying confounding variables. We assessed modification of influenza by adding variables for concentrations of single ambient air pollutants and proportions of influenza-positive specimens (influenza intensity) and their cross-product terms. RESULTS: We found significant effect modification of influenza (p 0.05) for effects of ozone. When influenza intensity is assumed to increase from 0% to 10%, the excess risks per 10-microg/m(3) increase in concentration of O(3) increased 0.24% and 0.40% for hospitalization of respiratory disease in the all-ages group and or= 65 year age group, respectively; 0.46% for hospitalization of acute respiratory disease in the all-ages group; and 0.40% for hospitalization of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the or= 65 group. The estimated increases in the excess risks for mortality of respiratory disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the all-ages group were 0.59% and 1.05%, respectively. We found no significant modification of influenza on effects of other pollutants in most disease outcomes under study. CONCLUSIONS: Influenza activity could be an effect modifier for the health effects of air pollutants particularly for O(3) and should be considered in the studies for short-term effects of air pollutants on health.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Wong, Chit Ming
AU  - Yang, Lin
AU  - Thach, Thuan Quoc
AU  - Chau, Patsy Yuen Kwan
AU  - Chan, King Pan
AU  - Thomas, G Neil
AU  - Lam, Tai Hing
AU  - Wong, Tze Wai
AU  - Hedley, Anthony J
AU  - Peiris, J S Malik
Y1  - 2009/02//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Feb 2009
SP  - 248
EP  - 253
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 2
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Mortality
KW  - Age
KW  - Viruses
KW  - Pollution effects
KW  - Respiratory diseases
KW  - China, People's Rep., Hong Kong
KW  - influenza
KW  - chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
KW  - Ozone
KW  - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION
KW  - ENA 01:Air Pollution
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air pollution; Mortality; Age; Viruses; Pollution effects; Respiratory diseases; Ozone; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; influenza; China, People's Rep., Hong Kong
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Medications as a Potential Source of Exposure to Phthalates in the U.S. Population
AN  - 21347780; 12126235
AB  - BACKGROUND: Widespread human exposure to phthalates, some of which are developmental and reproductive toxicants in experimental animals, raises concerns about potential human health risks. Underappreciated sources of exposure include phthalates in the polymers coating some oral medications. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate whether users of phthalate-containing medications have higher urinary concentrations of phthalate metabolites than do nonusers. METHODS: We used publically available files from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for the years 1999-2004. For certain survey periods, participants were asked to recall use of prescription medication during the past 30 days, and for a subsample of individuals, the urinary concentrations of phthalate metabolites were measured. We a priori identified medications potentially containing phthalates as inactive ingredients and then compared the mean urinary concentration of phthalate metabolites between users and nonusers of those medications. RESULTS: Of the 7,999 persons with information on urinary phthalate concentrations, 6 reported using mesalamine formulations, some of which may include dibutyl phthalate (DBP); the mean urinary concentration of monobutyl phthalate, the main DBP metabolite, among these mesalamine users was 50 times higher than the mean for nonusers (2,257 microg/L vs. 46 microg/L; p 0.0001). Users of didanosine, omeprazole, and theophylline products, some of which may contain diethyl phthalate (DEP), had mean urinary concentrations of monoethyl phthalate, the main DEP metabolite, significantly higher than the mean for nonusers. CONCLUSION: Select medications might be a source of high exposure to some phthalates, one of which, DBP, shows adverse developmental and reproductive effects in laboratory animals. These results raise concern about potential human health risks, specifically among vulnerable segments of the general population and particularly pregnant women and children.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Hernandez-Diaz, Sonia
AU  - Mitchell, Allen A
AU  - Kelley, Katherine E
AU  - Calafat, Antonia M
AU  - Hauser, Russ
Y1  - 2009/02//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Feb 2009
SP  - 185
EP  - 189
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 117
IS  - 2
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - phthalates
KW  - USA
KW  - Toxicants
KW  - Urine
KW  - Metabolites
KW  - vulnerability
KW  - Polymers
KW  - Drugs
KW  - Coatings
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; phthalates; Toxicants; Urine; vulnerability; Metabolites; Polymers; Drugs; Coatings; USA
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Deformation-related microstructures in magmatic zircon and implications for diffusion
AN  - 21246231; 9198298
AB  - An undeformed glomeroporphyritic andesite from the Sunda Arc of Java, Indonesia, contains zoned plagioclase and amphibole glomerocrysts in a fine-grained groundmass and records a complex history of adcumulate formation and subsequent magmatic disaggregation. A suite of xenocrystic zircon records Proterozoic and Archaean dates whilst a discrete population of zoned, euhedral, igneous zircon yields a SHRIMP U-Pb crystallisation age of 9.3 c 0.2 Ma. Quantitative microstructural analysis of zircon by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) shows no deformation in the inherited xenocrysts, but intragrain orientation variations of up to 30 in 80% of the young zircon population. These variations are typically accommodated by both progressive crystallographic bending and discrete low angle boundaries that overprint compositional growth zoning. Dispersion of crystallographic orientations are dominantly by rotation about an axis parallel to the zircon c-axis [001], which is coincident with the dominant orientation of misorientation axes of adjacent analysis points in EBSD maps. Less common [Lt]100>> misorientation axes account for minor components of crystallographic dispersion. These observations are consistent with zircon deformation by dislocation creep and the formation of tilt and twist boundaries associated with the operation of [Lt]001>>{100} and [Lt]100>>{010} slip systems. The restriction of deformation microstructures to large glomerocrysts and the young magmatic zircon population, and the absence of deformation within the host igneous rock and inherited zircon grains, indicate that zircon deformation took place within a low-melt fraction ([Lt]5% melt), mid-lower crustal cumulate prior to fragmentation during magmatic disaggregation and entrainment of xenocrystic zircons during magmatic decompression. Tectonic stresses within the compressional Sunda Arc at the time of magmatism are considered to be the probable driver for low-strain deformation of the cumulate in the late stages of initial crystallisation. These results provide the first evidence of crystal plastic dislocation creep in zircon associated with magmatic crystallisation and indicate that the development of crystal-plastic microstructures in zircon is not restricted to high-strain rocks. Such microstructures have previously been shown to enhance bulk diffusion of trace elements (U, Th and REE) in zircon. The development of deformation microstructures, and therefore multiple diffusion pathways in zircon in the magmatic environment, has significant implications for the interpretation of geochemical data from igneous zircon and the trace element budgets of melts due to the potential enhancement of bulk diffusion and dissolution rates.
JF  - Contributions to mineralogy and petrology/Beitrage zur Minerologie und Petrologie. Berlin and New York NY
AU  - Reddy, Steven Michael
AU  - Timms, Nicholas E
AU  - Hamilton, Patrick Joseph
AU  - Smyth, Helen R
AD  - Department of Applied Geology, The Institute for Geoscience Research, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia, S.Reddy@curtin.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/02//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Feb 2009
SP  - 231
EP  - 244
PB  - Springer
VL  - 157
IS  - 2
SN  - 0010-7999, 0010-7999
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology
KW  - Decompression
KW  - Entrainment
KW  - Age
KW  - Data processing
KW  - Stress
KW  - Crystals
KW  - Maps
KW  - Trace elements
KW  - Disaggregation
KW  - Computer programs
KW  - Dislocation
KW  - Boundaries
KW  - Grain
KW  - Dissolution
KW  - Diffusion
KW  - Diffraction
KW  - Plastics
KW  - J 02410:Animal Diseases
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-02-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Age; Entrainment; Decompression; Data processing; Stress; Crystals; Maps; Disaggregation; Trace elements; Computer programs; Dislocation; Grain; Boundaries; Dissolution; Diffusion; Plastics; Diffraction
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00410-008-0331-z
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Differential Use of Identical Food Resources by Reticulitermes flavipes (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) in Two Types of Habitats
AN  - 21137719; 11204804
AB  - A year-long field experiment showed that Reticulitermes flavipes attacked and used single stakes and wooden stake bundles differently in two habitats that varied in alternative forage. In both habitats, the number of termites present in single stakes and stake-bundles increased with stake resource size, and the number of larvae recorded from feeding sites was a close reflection of the number of workers attracted to a given food source. Over 12 mo, more single stakes and stake bundles were heavily attacked and abandoned in the pine woods compared with grassy clearings. Paradoxically, the number of termites present in single stakes and stake bundles was greater in the food-poor habitat (grassy clearings), yet the wood was less consumed compared with the food-rich habitat (pine woods). Use of stake bundles as nests and the slower rate of wood consumption in grassy clearings indicated that termites seemed to value food resources in relative terms, i.e., those termites with abundant alternative food resources consumed quickly and departed, whereas those lacking extra resources ate slowly and settled in. These field results confirm earlier laboratory results that showed that termites modified wood consumption rates dependent on the amount of food available to the colony as a whole. The appearance of mature (physogastric) reproductives ('1 yr old) in stake bundles in both habitats further indicated that termites track resources and opportunistically shift colony activities and possibly territory boundaries depending on the nature of the resources and other environmental factors. Implications for managing termites with a baiting strategy are discussed.
JF  - Environmental Entomology
AU  - Lenz, Michael
AU  - Kard, Brad
AU  - Evans, Theodore A
AU  - Mauldin, Joe K
AU  - Larry Etheridge, J
AU  - Abbey, Hilda M
AD  - 1CSIRO Entomology, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
Y1  - 2009/02//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Feb 2009
SP  - 35
EP  - 42
PB  - Entomological Society of America, 9301 Annapolis Rd. Lanham MD 20706 USA
VL  - 38
IS  - 1
SN  - 0046-225X, 0046-225X
KW  - Animal Behavior Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts
KW  - Rhinotermitidae
KW  - territory
KW  - Food
KW  - feeding
KW  - Food availability
KW  - nests
KW  - Nests
KW  - Reticulitermes flavipes
KW  - Colonies
KW  - Food sources
KW  - Isoptera
KW  - environmental factors
KW  - Feeding
KW  - Larvae
KW  - Wood
KW  - Habitat
KW  - forage
KW  - Boundaries
KW  - food resources
KW  - Baiting
KW  - Y 25040:Behavioral Ecology
KW  - Z 05340:Ecology and Behavior
KW  - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Feeding; Colonies; Food sources; Food; Boundaries; Food availability; Habitat; Baiting; Nests; environmental factors; territory; forage; Larvae; feeding; Wood; nests; food resources; Rhinotermitidae; Reticulitermes flavipes; Isoptera
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/022.038.0106
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Differential impacts of habitat heterogeneity on male and female connectivity in a spatially structured pest system
AN  - 20739330; 9015629
AB  - AbstractIn a previous study, a model of landscape heterogeneity was developed and applied to a spatially structured wild rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) population. That study showed clearly the influence of resource heterogeneity on connectivity levels. The simulation study was based on female movements and used population genetic validation data appropriate for a female study. Most models assume that males and females will exhibit similar patterns, although this has rarely been tested. In the current study we extend the analysis to consider differences between female and male connectivity in the same spatially structured pest system. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers were screened on the same samples used previously for mtDNA analysis. The mtDNA data were used to validate female results, and AFLP data were used to validate combined male and female results. Connectivity patterns from the two simulations (female, and combined male and female) connectivity patterns showed no association. However, each was concordant with appropriate validation data, showing highly significant associations between pairwise population connectivity and the genetic data. A relative connectivity metric for the combined simulation was regressed against the mean of pairwise ST values, with almost 70% of the variation explained by a linear model. Demonstrating differential effects of habitat heterogeneity on male and female connectivity provides further evidence that spatial resource heterogeneity impacts on connectivity. Understanding differences in population connectivity will allow improved predictions of disease spread, local extinctions and recolonizations. Furthermore, modelling such differences in pest systems will allow management plans to be better targeted, for example by strategically introducing diseases for control purposes into populations which exhibit high male connectivity to aid spread, but low female connectivity to inhibit recolonization potential after control.
JF  - Austral Ecology
AU  - Hamilton, G S
AU  - Mather, P B
AD  - School of Natural Resource Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia, g.hamilton@qut.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/02//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Feb 2009
SP  - 41
EP  - 49
PB  - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road
VL  - 34
IS  - 1
SN  - 1442-9985, 1442-9985
KW  - Entomology Abstracts; Animal Behavior Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts
KW  - sex-based dispersal
KW  - population management
KW  - resource quality
KW  - spatial heterogeneity
KW  - wild rabbit
KW  - Population genetics
KW  - Amplified fragment length polymorphism
KW  - Mitochondrial DNA
KW  - Data processing
KW  - Recolonization
KW  - Animal models
KW  - Pests
KW  - Habitat
KW  - Oryctolagus cuniculus
KW  - Models
KW  - Y 25150:General/Miscellaneous
KW  - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies
KW  - Z 05360:Genetics and Evolution
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-02-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Population genetics; Mitochondrial DNA; Amplified fragment length polymorphism; Data processing; Recolonization; Animal models; Pests; Habitat; Models; Oryctolagus cuniculus
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-9993.2008.01880.x
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Management strategy evaluation for rock lobster, Jasus edwardsii, off Victoria, Australia: accounting for uncertainty in stock structure
AN  - 20617481; 9316170
AB  - The management strategy evaluation (MSE) approach was used to evaluate management strategies based on the current method of stock assessment for rock lobster (Jasus edwardsii) off Victoria, Australia, and decision rules inferred from the management plan for Victorian rock lobster and past practice when selecting total allowable catches, TACs. The results are expressed in terms of whether it is possible to keep stocks above limit reference points with high probability and recover over-exploited stocks to the target level. Three categories of management strategy were examined using the MSE, which differed in whether assessments were conducted, and TACs set, by management zone or by region within management zone. A management strategy based on conducting assessments and setting TACs by management zone is most similar to the way assessments are currently conducted and management regulations implemented for rock lobster off Victoria. However, this management strategy performed poorest in recovering stocks to target levels. Alternative management strategies which involved conducting assessments and setting TACs by region performed better, but may have practical limitations. The assessment method was found to be generally relatively accurate and precise, although estimation performance was poor/imprecise on occasion.
JF  - New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research
AU  - Punt, A E
AU  - Hobday, D
AD  - CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, GPO Box 1538, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia, aepunt@u.washington.edu
Y1  - 2009/02//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Feb 2009
SP  - 485
EP  - 509
VL  - 43
IS  - 1
SN  - 0028-8330, 0028-8330
KW  - Southern rock lobster
KW  - Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources
KW  - PSE, Australia
KW  - Marine
KW  - Jasus edwardsii
KW  - Fishery management
KW  - Stock assessment
KW  - Marine crustaceans
KW  - Total allowable catch
KW  - O 5080:Legal/Governmental
KW  - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies
KW  - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-06-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fishery management; Stock assessment; Marine crustaceans; Total allowable catch; Jasus edwardsii; PSE, Australia; Marine
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Influence from Hydrological Modification on Energy and Nutrient Transference in a Deltaic Food Web
AN  - 20601943; 9321617
AB  - Alterations of hydrology are known to trigger changes in coastal ecosystems, such as the composition and abundances of local flora and fauna. It is less well known how these alterations lead to changes in nutrient and energy transfers in these systems. We used comparisons of stable isotope signatures (d super(13)C, d super(15)N, and d super(34)S) in the tissues of conspecific plants and animals collected on each side of the Mobile Bay Causeway to determine the extent to which the causeway may have altered energy and nutrient exchange between the Mobile-Tensaw Delta and upper Mobile Bay. While the d super(13)C signatures of most plants and animals varied irrespective of their location relative with causeway location, their d super(15)N and d super(34)S signatures were almost always more enriched south of the causeway, indicating significant alterations of trophic linkages within this estuarine food web. Dual isotope plots and mixing model analyses indicated that while terrestrial and floating plants were trophically important to consumers north of the causeway, submerged aquatic vegetation was more important to consumers south of the causeway. Although limited in spatial and temporal scale, our results preliminarily show that there are noteworthy differences in stable isotope signatures most likely due to the Mobile Bay Causeway altering energy and nutrient transference.
JF  - Estuaries and Coasts
AU  - Goecker, Margene E
AU  - Valentine, John F
AU  - Sklenar, Susan A
AU  - Chaplin, Glenn I
AD  - Government of South Australia, Eyre Peninsula Natural Resources Management Board, GPO Box 2916, Port Lincoln, SA, 5606, Australia, meg.goecker@epnrm.com.au
Y1  - 2009/02//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Feb 2009
SP  - 173
EP  - 187
PB  - Estuarine Research Federation, 490 Chippingwood Dr. No. 2 Port Republic MD 20676-2140 USA
VL  - 32
IS  - 1
SN  - 1559-2723, 1559-2723
KW  - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources
KW  - Isotopes
KW  - ASW, USA, Alabama, Mobile Bay
KW  - Nutrients
KW  - Causeway
KW  - Food Chains
KW  - Hydrologic Models
KW  - Trophic structure
KW  - Hydrology
KW  - Brackishwater environment
KW  - Consumers
KW  - Food webs
KW  - Coasts
KW  - Energy Transfer
KW  - Estuaries
KW  - Aquatic plants
KW  - Brackish
KW  - Vegetation
KW  - Stable Isotopes
KW  - Energy
KW  - Energy transfer
KW  - Nitrogen isotopes
KW  - Nutrients (mineral)
KW  - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies
KW  - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies
KW  - Q1 08482:Ecosystems and energetics
KW  - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies
KW  - SW 0890:Estuaries
KW  - Q2 09261:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20601943?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Estuaries+and+Coasts&rft.atitle=Influence+from+Hydrological+Modification+on+Energy+and+Nutrient+Transference+in+a+Deltaic+Food+Web&rft.au=Goecker%2C+Margene+E%3BValentine%2C+John+F%3BSklenar%2C+Susan+A%3BChaplin%2C+Glenn+I&rft.aulast=Goecker&rft.aufirst=Margene&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=173&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Estuaries+and+Coasts&rft.issn=15592723&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12237-008-9105-0
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-06-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-05
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Trophic structure; Energy transfer; Estuaries; Aquatic plants; Brackishwater environment; Consumers; Nutrients (mineral); Nitrogen isotopes; Food webs; Isotopes; Vegetation; Nutrients; Coasts; Food Chains; Hydrologic Models; Stable Isotopes; Energy Transfer; Energy; Hydrology; Causeway; ASW, USA, Alabama, Mobile Bay; Brackish
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12237-008-9105-0
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Course and complications of varicella zoster ophthalmicus in a high HIV seroprevalence population (Cape Town, South Africa)
AN  - 20487611; 9179422
AB  - Aim To describe the course and complications of varicella zoster ophthalmicus (VZO) in patients attending an eye clinic in a community with a high HIV seroprevalence. Study design Prospective cohort study of consecutive patients presenting to a tertiary hospital eye clinic with VZO. Method Patients recruited in 2001 and 2002 received standardized initial topical and systemic management, which was then modified according to complications. Information on the course and complications of the disease was entered in a database prior to statistical analysis. Results Information on 102 patients who had 250 visits to the eye clinic was collected. HIV serology was positive, negative, and unknown in 66, 22, and 14 patients, respectively. The most common complication was uveitis (40/ 102). Median delay from onset of rash to starting acyclovir was 5 days. Complications were present in 33 patients at the first visit. Complications were commoner in patients with positive Hutchinson's sign and were less common at CD4 counts 72 h after onset of the rash.
JF  - Eye
AU  - Richards, J C
AU  - Maartens, G
AU  - Davidse, A J
AD  - Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Perth Hospital, Box X2213, GPO, Perth, Western Australia 6847, Australia, diastella@iinet.net.au
Y1  - 2009/02//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Feb 2009
SP  - 376
EP  - 381
VL  - 23
IS  - 2
SN  - 0950-222X, 0950-222X
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts
KW  - Eye
KW  - Statistical analysis
KW  - acyclovir
KW  - Infection
KW  - Serology
KW  - Exanthema
KW  - Databases
KW  - CD4 antigen
KW  - Human immunodeficiency virus
KW  - Uveitis
KW  - Varicella
KW  - Hospitals
KW  - A 01340:Antibiotics & Antimicrobials
KW  - V 22360:AIDS and HIV
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20487611?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eye&rft.atitle=Course+and+complications+of+varicella+zoster+ophthalmicus+in+a+high+HIV+seroprevalence+population+%28Cape+Town%2C+South+Africa%29&rft.au=Richards%2C+J+C%3BMaartens%2C+G%3BDavidse%2C+A+J&rft.aulast=Richards&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=376&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eye&rft.issn=0950222X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fsj.eye.6703027
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-04-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Databases; Exanthema; CD4 antigen; Eye; Uveitis; Statistical analysis; Infection; acyclovir; Serology; Hospitals; Varicella; Human immunodeficiency virus
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.eye.6703027
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Robust gut associated vaccine-specific antibody-secreting cell responses are detected at the mucosal surface of Bangladeshi subjects after immunization with an oral killed bivalent V. cholerae O1/O139 whole cell cholera vaccine: Comparison with other mucosal and systemic responses
AN  - 20397667; 9068148
AB  - The emergence of V. cholerae O139 serogroup of V. cholerae capable of causing severe dehydrating cholera has over the decade led to efforts in formulation of vaccines to protect against this pathogen. Although the prevalence of diarrhea due to V. cholerae O139 has recorded a decrease, efforts on vaccine development continues to formulate an oral vaccine capable of stimulating the gut mucosal system. We have studied the mucosal immunogenicity in Bangladeshi adults to a killed whole cell (WC) bivalent cholera vaccine composed of V. cholerae O139 as well as V. cholerae O1 strains together with the recombinant cholera toxin B subunit (CTB) (WC-O1/O139/CTB) and compared the immune responses to that obtained with the licensed monovalent cholera vaccine, Dukoral (WC-O1/CTB). Direct estimation of the WC-O1/O139/CTB vaccine-specific mucosal responses were carried out using lymphocytes isolated from duodenal biopsies, intestinal lavage fluid and feces. The vaccine induced robust antibody-secreting cell responses in the duodenum specific to CTB as well as the O1 and O139 lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Magnitude of response was higher in the gut than in the circulation in all three antibody isotypes. The CTB and LPS-specific mucosal antibody responses were also seen in intestinal lavage fluid and fecal extracts. Vibriocidal antibody responses in plasma were observed to both the V. cholerae O1 and O139 serogroups (76% and 57% response rates, respectively). Plasma IgA and IgG responses to CTB and IgA responses to both O1 and O139 LPS were elevated. The immune responses were comparable to that seen to the monovalent WC-O1/CTB recipients in all components studied. Overall, the bivalent cholera vaccine induces strong mucosal responses and the addition of the O139 component does not interfere with the responses to the licensed vaccine Dukoral. This sets the ground for testing such vaccines in large field trials in Bangladesh and also demonstrates that addition of other vibrio components to the existing cholera vaccine does not alter the responses to the O1 vaccine components.
JF  - Vaccine
AU  - Shamsuzzaman, Sohel
AU  - Ahmed, Tanvir
AU  - Mannoor, Kaiissar
AU  - Begum, Yasmin Ara
AU  - Bardhan, Pradip Kumar
AU  - Sack, R Bradley
AU  - Sack, David A
AU  - Svennerholm, Ann-Mari
AU  - Holmgren, Jan
AU  - Qadri, Firdausi
AD  - International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, GPO Box 128, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh, fqadri@icddrb.org
Y1  - 2009/02//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Feb 2009
SP  - 1386
EP  - 1392
PB  - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl]
VL  - 27
IS  - 9
SN  - 0264-410X, 0264-410X
KW  - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Immunology Abstracts
KW  - Cholera vaccine
KW  - V. cholerae O1
KW  - V. cholerae O139
KW  - Diarrhea
KW  - Duodenum
KW  - Mucosa
KW  - Biopsy
KW  - Pathogens
KW  - Lymphocytes
KW  - Immunization
KW  - Vibrio
KW  - Immunoglobulin A
KW  - Digestive tract
KW  - Immunogenicity
KW  - Immunoglobulin G
KW  - cholera toxin B subunit
KW  - Intestine
KW  - Lipopolysaccharides
KW  - Cholera
KW  - Vaccines
KW  - Immune response
KW  - Feces
KW  - F 06905:Vaccines
KW  - J 02350:Immunology
KW  - G 07730:Development & Cell Cycle
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20397667?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vaccine&rft.atitle=Robust+gut+associated+vaccine-specific+antibody-secreting+cell+responses+are+detected+at+the+mucosal+surface+of+Bangladeshi+subjects+after+immunization+with+an+oral+killed+bivalent+V.+cholerae+O1%2FO139+whole+cell+cholera+vaccine%3A+Comparison+with+other+mucosal+and+systemic+responses&rft.au=Shamsuzzaman%2C+Sohel%3BAhmed%2C+Tanvir%3BMannoor%2C+Kaiissar%3BBegum%2C+Yasmin+Ara%3BBardhan%2C+Pradip+Kumar%3BSack%2C+R+Bradley%3BSack%2C+David+A%3BSvennerholm%2C+Ann-Mari%3BHolmgren%2C+Jan%3BQadri%2C+Firdausi&rft.aulast=Shamsuzzaman&rft.aufirst=Sohel&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1386&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vaccine&rft.issn=0264410X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.vaccine.2008.12.041
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diarrhea; Duodenum; Mucosa; Biopsy; Lymphocytes; Pathogens; Immunization; Immunoglobulin A; Digestive tract; Immunogenicity; Intestine; cholera toxin B subunit; Immunoglobulin G; Lipopolysaccharides; Cholera; Immune response; Vaccines; Feces; Vibrio
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.12.041
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The campaign to DNA barcode all fishes, FISH-BOL
AN  - 20396454; 9074842
AB  - FISH-BOL, the Fish Barcode of Life campaign, is an international research collaboration that is assembling a standardized reference DNA sequence library for all fishes. Analysis is targeting a 648 base pair region of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) gene. More than 5000 species have already been DNA barcoded, with an average of five specimens per species, typically vouchers with authoritative identifications. The barcode sequence from any fish, fillet, fin, egg or larva can be matched against these reference sequences using BOLD; the Barcode of Life Data System (http://www.barcodinglife.org). The benefits of barcoding fishes include facilitating species identification, highlighting cases of range expansion for known species, flagging previously overlooked species and enabling identifications where traditional methods cannot be applied. Results thus far indicate that barcodes separate c. 98 and 93% of already described marine and freshwater fish species, respectively. Several specimens with divergent barcode sequences have been confirmed by integrative taxonomic analysis as new species. Past concerns in relation to the use of fish barcoding for species discrimination are discussed. These include hybridization, recent radiations, regional differentiation in barcode sequences and nuclear copies of the barcode region. However, current results indicate these issues are of little concern for the great majority of specimens.
JF  - Journal of Fish Biology
AU  - Ward, R D
AU  - Hanner, R
AU  - Hebert, PDN
AD  - CSIRO Wealth from Oceans Flagship, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, GPO Box 1538, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
Y1  - 2009/02//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Feb 2009
SP  - 329
EP  - 356
PB  - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road
VL  - 74
IS  - 2
SN  - 0022-1112, 0022-1112
KW  - Ecology Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources
KW  - biodiversity
KW  - COI
KW  - cox1
KW  - cytochrome c oxidase
KW  - DNA barcoding
KW  - species identification
KW  - Cytochromes
KW  - Nucleotide sequence
KW  - Mitochondria
KW  - Cytochrome-c oxidase
KW  - Freshwater
KW  - Freshwater fish
KW  - Pisces
KW  - Marine fish
KW  - Differentiation
KW  - Radiation
KW  - COI protein
KW  - Phylogenetics
KW  - Marine
KW  - new species
KW  - discrimination
KW  - Data processing
KW  - Freshwater environments
KW  - Brackish
KW  - Cytochrome
KW  - DNA
KW  - Fish
KW  - Standards
KW  - Taxonomy
KW  - New species
KW  - Q1 08345:Genetics and evolution
KW  - N 14815:Nucleotide Sequence
KW  - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development
KW  - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies
KW  - Q4 27790:Fish
KW  - O 1050:Vertebrates, Urochordates and Cephalochordates
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20396454?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Fish+Biology&rft.atitle=The+campaign+to+DNA+barcode+all+fishes%2C+FISH-BOL&rft.au=Ward%2C+R+D%3BHanner%2C+R%3BHebert%2C+PDN&rft.aulast=Ward&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=329&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Fish+Biology&rft.issn=00221112&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1095-8649.2008.02080.x
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fish; Cytochromes; Nucleotide sequence; DNA; Taxonomy; Freshwater fish; Phylogenetics; New species; Differentiation; Data processing; Radiation; Freshwater environments; Mitochondria; Cytochrome-c oxidase; COI protein; new species; discrimination; Cytochrome; Standards; Fish; Pisces; Freshwater; Brackish; Marine
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2008.02080.x
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Motives behind willingness to pay for improving biodiversity in a water ecosystem: Economics, ethics and social psychology
AN  - 20391675; 9065736
AB  - This paper reports on empirical work extending the standard economic approach to valuation by including psychological and philosophical factors. More specifically a contingent valuation method survey was applied to biodiversity improvement while simultaneously assessing rights based beliefs, consequentialism and the theory of planned behaviour. The latter was assessed using measures of attitudes, subjective norms and perceptions of control over willingness to pay. The results show that standard socio-economic explanatory variables are far inferior to those of social psychology and philosophy, and that these factors offer a better understanding of the motives behind responses to contingent valuation. The implication is that alternative means of measuring an individual's pluralistic values should be taken into account in order to assess the validity and meaning of willingness to pay.
JF  - Ecological Economics
AU  - Spash, Clive L
AU  - Urama, Kevin
AU  - Burton, Rob
AU  - Kenyon, Wendy
AU  - Shannon, Peter
AU  - Hill, Gary
AD  - Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Sustainable Ecosystems Division, GPO Box 284, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia, clive.spash@csiro.au
Y1  - 2009/02//
PY  - 2009
DA  - February 2009
SP  - 955
EP  - 964
PB  - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl]
VL  - 68
IS  - 4
SN  - 0921-8009, 0921-8009
KW  - Ecology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources
KW  - Environmental values
KW  - Ecosystem services
KW  - Attitude-behaviour modelling
KW  - Preference theory
KW  - willingness to pay
KW  - Ecosystems
KW  - Psychology
KW  - Biological diversity
KW  - Socioeconomics
KW  - Biodiversity
KW  - Economic Aspects
KW  - attitudes
KW  - Attitudes
KW  - Socioeconomic aspects
KW  - Ethics
KW  - Economics
KW  - Philosophy
KW  - Social Aspects
KW  - Surveys
KW  - Perception
KW  - contingent valuation
KW  - Standards
KW  - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development
KW  - Q1 08423:Behaviour
KW  - SW 4020:Evaluation process
KW  - D 04060:Management and Conservation
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20391675?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Economics&rft.atitle=Motives+behind+willingness+to+pay+for+improving+biodiversity+in+a+water+ecosystem%3A+Economics%2C+ethics+and+social+psychology&rft.au=Spash%2C+Clive+L%3BUrama%2C+Kevin%3BBurton%2C+Rob%3BKenyon%2C+Wendy%3BShannon%2C+Peter%3BHill%2C+Gary&rft.aulast=Spash&rft.aufirst=Clive&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=955&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Economics&rft.issn=09218009&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ecolecon.2006.09.013
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-05-27
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Socioeconomic aspects; Economics; Biodiversity; Perception; Psychology; Ethics; Philosophy; willingness to pay; contingent valuation; Socioeconomics; Biological diversity; attitudes; Attitudes; Ecosystems; Surveys; Standards; Economic Aspects; Social Aspects
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2006.09.013
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Sustaining linkages to high value markets through collective action in Uganda
AN  - 20383480; 9063627
AB  - Uganda's rapid urbanization offers new market opportunities for smallholder farmers to supply higher value markets such as supermarket chains and fast-food restaurants. Supplying these formal outlets offers higher incomes but accessing and maintaining links to these markets requires significant upgrading in terms of product quality and business management. To meet these conditions farmers need to become more organized which requires increased levels of social capital, to strengthen internal and external relations with group members, service providers and market chain actors. One farmers' group in south-western Uganda has successfully sustained sales of potatoes to a fast-food outlet in Kampala. Farmers had to learn a series of new skills and integrate multiple technical, organizational, financial and marketing innovations. This paper outlines how collective action combined with strong leadership and an iterative market-led learning process enabled a smallholder farmers' association to meet the considerable challenges of achieving the stringent quality parameters of a modern food outlet.
JF  - Food Policy
AU  - Kaganzi, Elly
AU  - Ferris, Shaun
AU  - Barham, James
AU  - Abenakyo, Annet
AU  - Sanginga, Pascal
AU  - Njuki, Jemimah
AD  - CHF International, Kigali, Rwanda, sferris@crs.org
Y1  - 2009/02//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Feb 2009
SP  - 23
EP  - 30
PB  - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl]
VL  - 34
IS  - 1
SN  - 0306-9192, 0306-9192
KW  - Sustainability Science Abstracts
KW  - Potato
KW  - High value markets
KW  - Collective action
KW  - Innovation
KW  - Competitiveness
KW  - Urbanization
KW  - marketing
KW  - Uganda, Kampala
KW  - Solanum tuberosum
KW  - income
KW  - Uganda
KW  - innovations
KW  - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20383480?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+Policy&rft.atitle=Sustaining+linkages+to+high+value+markets+through+collective+action+in+Uganda&rft.au=Kaganzi%2C+Elly%3BFerris%2C+Shaun%3BBarham%2C+James%3BAbenakyo%2C+Annet%3BSanginga%2C+Pascal%3BNjuki%2C+Jemimah&rft.aulast=Kaganzi&rft.aufirst=Elly&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=23&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+Policy&rft.issn=03069192&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.foodpol.2008.10.004
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Urbanization; marketing; income; innovations; Solanum tuberosum; Uganda, Kampala; Uganda
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2008.10.004
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Two- and three-dimensional prenatal sonographic diagnosis of hepatic cysts
AN  - 20374694; 9056976
AB  - We describe the 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional multiplanar sonographic diagnosis and characterization of isolated hepatic cysts in 2 fetuses. Two-dimensional imaging of a fetus at 36 weeks' gestation revealed 2 right upper quadrant cystic masses anterior to the gallbladder, demonstrating no peristalsis or blood flow. Postnatal sonographic examination confirmed 2 simple hepatic cysts. Two- and three-dimensional sonograms suggested 2 hepatic cysts in a 23-week-old fetus that resolved by 33 weeks' gestation. In reporting 2 unusual cases of prenatally diagnosed fetal hepatic cysts, we also demonstrate the diagnostic use of 3-dimensional multiplanar imaging.
JF  - Journal of Clinical Ultrasound
AU  - Wax, Joseph R
AU  - Grimes, Charles K
AU  - Blackstone, Jacquelyn
AU  - Pinette, Michael G
AU  - Cartin, Angelina
AD  - Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maine Medical Center, 887 Congress Street, Suite 200, Portland, ME 04102, waxj@mmc.org
Y1  - 2009/02//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Feb 2009
SP  - 96
EP  - 99
PB  - John Wiley & Sons, Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD UK, [mailto:customer@wiley.co.uk], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/]
VL  - 37
IS  - 2
SN  - 0091-2751, 0091-2751
KW  - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts
KW  - Gallbladder
KW  - Gestation
KW  - Liver
KW  - Cysts
KW  - imaging
KW  - Ultrasound
KW  - Fetuses
KW  - Peristalsis
KW  - W 30910:Imaging
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20374694?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Clinical+Ultrasound&rft.atitle=Two-+and+three-dimensional+prenatal+sonographic+diagnosis+of+hepatic+cysts&rft.au=Wax%2C+Joseph+R%3BGrimes%2C+Charles+K%3BBlackstone%2C+Jacquelyn%3BPinette%2C+Michael+G%3BCartin%2C+Angelina&rft.aulast=Wax&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=96&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Clinical+Ultrasound&rft.issn=00912751&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fjcu.20494
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Gallbladder; Gestation; Liver; Cysts; Ultrasound; imaging; Peristalsis; Fetuses
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcu.20494
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - On the efficiency of impingers with fritted nozzle tip for collection of ultrafine particles
AN  - 20255214; 8887847
AB  - The aim of this study was to determine the collection efficiency of ultrafine particles into an impinger fitted with a fritted nozzle tip as a means to increase contact surface area between the aerosol and the liquid. The influence of liquid sampling volume, frit porosity and the nature of the sampling liquid was explored and it was shown that all impact on the collection efficiency of particles smaller than 220nm. Obtained values for overall collection efficiency were substantially higher (~30-95%) than have been previously reported, mainly due to the high deposition of particles in the fritted nozzle tip, especially in case of finer porosity frits and smaller particles. Values for the capture efficiency of the solvent alone ranged from 20 to 45%, depending on the type and the volume of solvent. Additionally, our results show that airstream dispersion into bubbles improves particle trapping by the liquid and that there is a difference in collection efficiencies based on the nature and volume of the solvent used.
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
AU  - Miljevic, B
AU  - Modini, R L
AU  - Bottle, SE
AU  - Ristovski, Z D
AD  - Queensland University of Technology, GPO Box 2434, 4001 Brisbane, Australia, z.ristovski@qut.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/02//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Feb 2009
SP  - 1372
EP  - 1376
PB  - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/]
VL  - 43
IS  - 6
SN  - 1352-2310, 1352-2310
KW  - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts
KW  - Pollutant deposition
KW  - Aerosols
KW  - Solvents
KW  - Particulates
KW  - Dispersion of particles
KW  - porosity
KW  - surface area
KW  - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42)
KW  - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=On+the+efficiency+of+impingers+with+fritted+nozzle+tip+for+collection+of+ultrafine+particles&rft.au=Miljevic%2C+B%3BModini%2C+R+L%3BBottle%2C+SE%3BRistovski%2C+Z+D&rft.aulast=Miljevic&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1372&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.atmosenv.2008.12.001
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-02-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Dispersion of particles; Aerosols; Pollutant deposition; Solvents; Particulates; porosity; surface area
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.12.001
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The influence of light quality on akinete formation and germination in the toxic cyanobacterium Anabaena circinalis
AN  - 20253421; 8889260
AB  - Physiological control of akinete formation and subsequent germination is likely to be important in understanding and predicting how natural populations of cyanobacteria respond to their environment. While previous research has indicated nutrient limitation may be important in akinete formation new results presented here indicate that in the toxic and bloom-forming species Anabaena circinalis there was a profound effect of spectral quality. Under 40kmolphotonsm super(-) super(2)s super(-) super(1) photosynthetically active irradiance (PAR) of predominately red irradiance akinete production was maximal at 2.1x10 super(-) super(4)akinetesvegetativecell super(-) super(1)d super(-) super(1), some 3000 times greater than the 6.5x10 super(-) super(8)akinetesvegetativecell super(-) super(1)d super(-) super(1) observed under equivalent PAR but predominately blue light. For cells grown under a range of predominantly red, white and green irradiance even short exposures to blue light reduced akinete formation rates by a factor of ten relative to controls, indicating that exposure to blue light inhibits akinete formation. Germination of akinetes was not influenced by the irradiance under which akinetes were formed: 88+ /-4.1% (mean+/-1 S.D.) of akinetes germinated with no evidence of an effect on germination success due to their production under predominately red, white or green irradiance (germination of akinetes produced under blue light was not tested). Spectral quality had a significant impact on both vegetative cell and germling growth rates. The results indicate a significant reduction in the cellular differentiation of A. circinalis vegetative cells into akinetes that is mediated by blue light. In an ecological context the production of akinetes will be greater in environments with less blue light; potentially including those with slower flow, more stratification, less vertical mixing and more turbidity. The resulting spatial pattern of akinete production is likely to influence the location of akinetes in sediments and the development of subsequent blooms from excysting germlings.
JF  - Harmful Algae
AU  - Thompson, P A
AU  - Jameson, I
AU  - Blackburn, SI
AD  - GPO Box 1538, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia, peter.a.thompson@csiro.au
Y1  - 2009/02//
PY  - 2009
DA  - February 2009
SP  - 504
EP  - 512
PB  - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl]
VL  - 8
IS  - 3
SN  - 1568-9883, 1568-9883
KW  - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Toxicology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts
KW  - Algal blooms
KW  - Irradiance
KW  - Ecological distribution
KW  - Phytoplankton
KW  - Nutrients
KW  - Stratification
KW  - Vegetative cells
KW  - Akinetes
KW  - Differentiation
KW  - Anabaena circinalis
KW  - Algae
KW  - Abiotic factors
KW  - Germination
KW  - Growth rate
KW  - Vertical distribution
KW  - Biological poisons
KW  - Sediments
KW  - Light effects
KW  - Cyanobacteria
KW  - Cyanophyta
KW  - Turbidity
KW  - X 24370:Natural Toxins
KW  - Q4 27770:Algae
KW  - Q1 08481:Productivity
KW  - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms
KW  - K 03320:Cell Biology
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-02-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-05-27
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth rate; Germination; Algal blooms; Biological poisons; Ecological distribution; Phytoplankton; Turbidity; Abiotic factors; Light effects; Vertical distribution; Irradiance; Nutrients; Stratification; Vegetative cells; Sediments; Akinetes; Differentiation; Algae; Cyanobacteria; Anabaena circinalis; Cyanophyta
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2008.10.004
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Design, economic analysis and environmental considerations of mini-grid hybrid power system with reverse osmosis desalination plant for remote areas
AN  - 19716353; 8753811
AB  - This paper discusses the design process of a mini-grid hybrid power system with reverse osmosis desalination plant for remote areas, together with an economic analysis and environmental considerations for the project life cycle. It presents a design scenario for supplying electricity and fulfilling demand for clean water in remote areas by utilising renewable energy sources and a diesel generator with a reverse osmosis desalination plant as a deferrable load. The economic issues analysed are the initial capital cost needed, the fuel consumption and annual cost, the total net present cost (NPC), the cost of electricity (COE) generated by the system per kWh and the simple payback time (SPBT) for the project. The environmental considerations discussed are the amount of gas emissions, such as CO sub(2) and NO sub(x), as well as particulate matter released into the atmosphere. Simulations based on an actual set of conditions in a remote area in the Maldives were performed using HOMER for two conditions: before and after the Tsunami of 26th December 2004. Experimental results on the prototype 5 kVA mini-grid inverter and reverse osmosis desalination plant, rated at 5.5 kWh/day, are also presented here to verify the idea of providing power and water supplies to remote areas.
JF  - Renewable Energy
AU  - Setiawan, Ahmad Agus
AU  - Zhao, Yu
AU  - Nayar, ChemV
AD  - Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth WA 6845, Australia, setiawan@ieee.org
Y1  - 2009/02//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Feb 2009
SP  - 374
EP  - 383
PB  - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl]
VL  - 34
IS  - 2
SN  - 0960-1481, 0960-1481
KW  - Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts
KW  - tsunamis
KW  - Reverse osmosis
KW  - Desalination plants
KW  - Fuels
KW  - prototypes
KW  - ISW, Indian Ocean, Maldives
KW  - Water Supply
KW  - Particulates
KW  - Water supplies
KW  - Atmosphere
KW  - Costs
KW  - Economics
KW  - Capital Costs
KW  - Emissions
KW  - Tsunamis
KW  - Fuel
KW  - Simulation
KW  - Desalination Plants
KW  - Reverse Osmosis
KW  - Design
KW  - hybrids
KW  - life cycle
KW  - Renewable energy
KW  - Life Cycles
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Carbon Dioxide
KW  - economic analysis
KW  - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION
KW  - SW 1010:Saline water conversion
KW  - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Renewable+Energy&rft.atitle=Design%2C+economic+analysis+and+environmental+considerations+of+mini-grid+hybrid+power+system+with+reverse+osmosis+desalination+plant+for+remote+areas&rft.au=Setiawan%2C+Ahmad+Agus%3BZhao%2C+Yu%3BNayar%2C+ChemV&rft.aulast=Setiawan&rft.aufirst=Ahmad&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=374&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Renewable+Energy&rft.issn=09601481&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.renene.2008.05.014
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2008-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - tsunamis; Reverse osmosis; prototypes; Fuels; Desalination plants; Simulation; Particulates; Atmosphere; Water supplies; Design; hybrids; life cycle; Renewable energy; Economics; Emissions; Carbon dioxide; economic analysis; Costs; Water Supply; Capital Costs; Tsunamis; Desalination Plants; Life Cycles; Reverse Osmosis; Fuel; Carbon Dioxide; ISW, Indian Ocean, Maldives
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2008.05.014
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Efficacy of Simple Short-Term in Vitro Assays for Predicting the Potential of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles to Cause Pulmonary Inflammation
AN  - 14020134; 10326395
AB  - Efficacy of simple short-term in vitro assays for predicting the potential of metal oxide nanoparticles to cause pulmonary inflammation was analyzed. Cytotoxicity was assessed by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release. LDH activity was measured spectrophotometrically at 490 nm and expressed it as a percentage of total cellular LDH. The nature of particle/membrane interactions with a hemolysis assay was investigated, which detected direct damaging interactions between particle surfaces and membranes. It was observed that the hemolysis assay was positive for NiO. The results showed that no assay was 100 percent predictive of potential to cause inflammation in vivo, although the highest free radical generator also caused significant inflammation.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Lu, Senlin
AU  - Duffin, Rodger
AU  - Poland, Craig
AU  - Daly, Paul
AU  - Murphy, Fiona
AU  - Drost, Ellen
AU  - MacNee, William
Y1  - 2009/02//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Feb 2009
SP  - 241
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 117
IS  - 2
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - FLAMMABILITY
KW  - ENZYME ACTIVITY
KW  - DATA MANAGEMENT
KW  - METAL OXIDES
KW  - BIOASSAY
KW  - DISEASES AND DISORDERS
KW  - SPECTROPHOTOMETRY
KW  - ENA 07:General
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Efficacy+of+Simple+Short-Term+in+Vitro+Assays+for+Predicting+the+Potential+of+Metal+Oxide+Nanoparticles+to+Cause+Pulmonary+Inflammation&rft.au=Lu%2C+Senlin%3BDuffin%2C+Rodger%3BPoland%2C+Craig%3BDaly%2C+Paul%3BMurphy%2C+Fiona%3BDrost%2C+Ellen%3BMacNee%2C+William&rft.aulast=Lu&rft.aufirst=Senlin&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=241&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 8 |t graphs
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - FLAMMABILITY; DATA MANAGEMENT; ENZYME ACTIVITY; DISEASES AND DISORDERS; METAL OXIDES; BIOASSAY; SPECTROPHOTOMETRY
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The African Development Bank Group
AN  - 58820564; 2008-265722
AB  - The African Development Bank (AfDB) Group is a regional development bank currently based in Tunis, Tunisia, comprising three lending facilities: the market rate facility, the AfDB; a concessional lending facility, the African Development Fund; and a trust fund established by Nigeria to lend to low-income African countries. The Bank has 53 African members, as well as 24 non-regional members, including the US. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jan 30 2009, 6 pp.
AU  - Weiss, Martin A
Y1  - 2009/01/30/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jan 30
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - International banking and finance and financial institutions
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Banking operations and services
KW  - International banking
KW  - Regional development
KW  - African development bank
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58820564?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Weiss%2C+Martin+A&rft.aulast=Weiss&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft.date=2009-01-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+African+Development+Bank+Group&rft.title=The+African+Development+Bank+Group&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RS22690_20090130.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-05-04
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RS22690
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - U.S. Foreign Aid to the Palestinians
AN  - 58819502; 2008-265723
AB  - US aid to the Palestinians has fluctuated considerably over the past three years, largely due to Hamas's changing role within the Palestinian Authority (PA). Experts advise that PA stability hinges on, now more than ever, improved security, economic development, Israeli cooperation, and the continuation of high levels of foreign assistance: and US policymakers have considered possible US participation in international efforts to help with the post-conflict reconstruction of Gaza -- subject to finding an acceptable approach vis-a-vis Hamas. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jan 30 2009, 6 pp.
AU  - Zanotti, Jim
Y1  - 2009/01/30/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jan 30
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - International relations - International relief and humanitarian assistance
KW  - Population groups, population policy, and demographics - National, ethnic, and minority groups
KW  - Politics - Political parties and groups
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - United States
KW  - Palestinians
KW  - Palestinian National Authority
KW  - Economic development
KW  - Economic assistance
KW  - Hamas
KW  - Israelis
KW  - book
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Zanotti%2C+Jim&rft.aulast=Zanotti&rft.aufirst=Jim&rft.date=2009-01-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=U.S.+Foreign+Aid+to+the+Palestinians&rft.title=U.S.+Foreign+Aid+to+the+Palestinians&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RS22967_20090130.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-05-04
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RS22967
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Congress and U.S. Policy on North Korean Human Rights and Refugees: Recent Legislation and Implementation
AN  - 58812017; 2008-265725
AB  - As the incoming Obama Administration conducts a review of US policy toward North Korea, addressing the issue of human rights and refugees remains a priority for many members of Congress. The passage of the reauthorization of the North Korean Human Rights Act in October 2008 (P.L. 110-346) reasserted congressional interest in influencing executive branch policy toward North Korea.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jan 30 2009, 6 pp.
AU  - Chanlett-Avery, Emma
Y1  - 2009/01/30/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jan 30
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Human rights - Human rights promotion and violations
KW  - Population groups, population policy, and demographics - Refugees
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - Obama, Barack
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Human rights
KW  - North Korea
KW  - Refugees
KW  - Foreign relations
KW  - Legislation
KW  - book
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Chanlett-Avery%2C+Emma&rft.aulast=Chanlett-Avery&rft.aufirst=Emma&rft.date=2009-01-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Congress+and+U.S.+Policy+on+North+Korean+Human+Rights+and+Refugees%3A+Recent+Legislation+and+Implementation&rft.title=Congress+and+U.S.+Policy+on+North+Korean+Human+Rights+and+Refugees%3A+Recent+Legislation+and+Implementation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RS22973_20090130.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-05-04
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RS22973
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development
AN  - 58805098; 2008-265724
AB  - The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) is an intergovernmental economic organization in which the 30 member countries discuss, develop, and analyze economic and social policy. While OECD member countries are considered economically advanced and collectively produce three-fourths of the world's goods and services, membership is limited only by a country's commitment to a market economy and a pluralistic democracy; and in 2007, the OECD agreed to invite Chile, Estonia, Israel, Russia, and Slovenia to discuss membership and offered enhanced engagement with a view to possible membership to Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, and South Africa.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jan 30 2009, 6 pp.
AU  - Jackson, James K
Y1  - 2009/01/30/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jan 30
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - International relations - International organizations
KW  - International relations - International relations
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Social policy and social development
KW  - International cooperation
KW  - Economic policy
KW  - Social policy
KW  - Organization for economic cooperation and development
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RS21128_20090130.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-05-04
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RS21128
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Retirement Plan Participation and Contributions: Trends from 1998 to 2006
AN  - 58801363; 2008-256143
AB  - The US Census Bureau periodically collects information from individuals about their participation in employer-sponsored retirement plans. The most recent such survey was conducted from February through May of 2006, and this CRS report presents a summary of the data and a comparison of the results of the 2006 survey with similar surveys that the Census Bureau conducted in 1998 and 2003. Tables, Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jan 30 2009, 14 pp.
AU  - Purcell, Patrick
Y1  - 2009/01/30/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jan 30
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Education and education policy - Statistics, research, research methods, and research support
KW  - Labor conditions and policy - Employment and labor supply
KW  - United States
KW  - Surveys
KW  - Retirement
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL33116_20090130.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-04-21
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RL33116
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Wind Energy: Offshore Permitting
AN  - 58814827; 2008-265728
AB  - Wind energy is now often cited as the fastest growing commercial energy source in the world; and currently, all US wind energy facilities are based on land. However, multiple offshore projects have been proposed and are moving through the permitting process, as described in this report.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jan 29 2009, 13 pp.
AU  - Vann, Adam
Y1  - 2009/01/29/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jan 29
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Energy resources and policy - Renewable energy sources
KW  - Environment and environmental policy - Oceanography and ocean resources
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Taxation and tax policy
KW  - Environment and environmental policy - Ecology and environmental policy
KW  - Wind power
KW  - Land
KW  - Ocean
KW  - Licenses
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40175_20090129.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-05-04
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code R40175
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Military Medical Care: Questions and Answers
AN  - 58813028; 2008-265740
AB  - The primary mission of the military health system, which includes the Defense Department's hospitals, clinics, and medical personnel under a system known as "Tricare," is to maintain the health of military personnel so they can carry out their military missions, and to be prepared to deliver health care during wartime. The Duncan Hunter National Defense Authorization Act for FY2009 (P.L. 110-417, October 2008), prohibited fee increases proposed in the Bush Administration; however, this act included measures intended to contain costs through increased use of preventive care services by Tricare beneficiaries. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jan 29 2009, 14 pp.
AU  - Jansen, Don J
Y1  - 2009/01/29/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jan 29
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Medicine and health care
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Hospitals and other health care facilities
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military personnel and veterans
KW  - Military and defense policy - National defense
KW  - Veterans
KW  - Medical service
KW  - United States Defense department
KW  - National defense
KW  - Hospitals
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL33537_20090129.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-05-04
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RL33537
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - China's Currency: A Summary of the Economic Issues
AN  - 58812592; 2008-265726
AB  - Many Members of Congress charge that China's policy of accumulating foreign reserves (especially US dollars) to influence the value of its currency constitutes a form of currency manipulation intended to make its exports cheaper and imports into China more expensive than they would be under free market conditions. They further contend that this policy has caused a surge in the US trade deficit with China and has been a major factor in the loss of US manufacturing jobs.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jan 29 2009, 6 pp.
AU  - Morrison, Wayne M
AU  - Labonte, Marc
Y1  - 2009/01/29/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jan 29
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - International banking and finance and financial institutions
KW  - International relations - International relations
KW  - Trade and trade policy - Export-import trade
KW  - Business and service sector - Business finance
KW  - Manufacturing and heavy industry - Manufacturing and manufactured goods
KW  - Economic relations
KW  - Prices
KW  - Foreign exchange rates
KW  - Manufacturing
KW  - China (People's Republic)
KW  - Export-import trade
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RS21625_20090129.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-05-04
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RS21625
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Military Recruitment Provisions under the No Child Left Behind Act: A Legal Analysis
AN  - 58809957; 2008-265727
AB  - Under the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLBA) of 2001, which amended the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA), high schools that receive federal funds must provide certain student contact information to military recruiters upon request and must allow recruiters to have the same access to students as employers and colleges. Because the 111th Congress is likely to consider reauthorization of the ESEA, legislators may contemplate changes to the military recruitment provisions, either as part of the reauthorization or as stand-alone legislation.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jan 29 2009, 4 pp.
AU  - Feder, Jody
Y1  - 2009/01/29/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jan 29
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military service
KW  - Education and education policy - Education
KW  - Education and education policy - Education personnel and population
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - Education and education policy - Schools
KW  - United States
KW  - High schools
KW  - Educational policy
KW  - Recruiting, enlistment, etc.
KW  - Students
KW  - Legislation
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RS22362_20090129.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-05-04
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RS22362
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Causes of the Financial Crisis
AN  - 58807848; 2008-256264
AB  - The current financial crisis began in August 2007, when financial stability replaced inflation as the Federal Reserve's chief concern; and while some may insist that there is a single cause, and thus a simple remedy, the sheer number of causal factors that have been identified tends to suggest that the current financial situation is not yet fully understood in its full complexity. This report consists of a table that summarizes very briefly some of the arguments for particular causes, presents equally brief rejoinders, and includes references for further reading. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jan 29 2009, 8 pp.
AU  - Jickling, Mark
Y1  - 2009/01/29/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jan 29
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic research
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic conditions
KW  - United States
KW  - Economic indicators
KW  - Inflation
KW  - Economic conditions
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40173_20090129.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-04-21
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code R40173
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The Worker, Retiree, and Employer Recovery Act of 2008: An Overview
AN  - 58804640; 2008-256265
AB  - In December of 2008, Congress unanimously enacted the Worker, Retiree, and Employer Recovery Act of 2008 (WRERA) (P.L. 110-455), which makes several technical corrections to the Pension Protection Act of 2006 (P.L. 109-280) and contains provisions designed to help pension plans and plan participants weather the current economic downturn. This report highlights the provisions of WRERA relating to the economic crisis, such as the temporary waiver of required minimum distributions and provisions that temporarily relax certain pension plan funding requirements. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jan 29 2009, 10 pp.
AU  - Staman, Jennifer
Y1  - 2009/01/29/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jan 29
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Social policy and social development
KW  - Population groups, population policy, and demographics - Demography and census
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic conditions
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - United States
KW  - Retirees
KW  - Pensions
KW  - Economic conditions
KW  - Legislation
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58804640?accountid=14244
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40171_20090129.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-04-21
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code R40171
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Financial Market Intervention
AN  - 58804592; 2008-256258
AB  - Financial markets continue to experience significant disturbance, the banking sector remains fragile, and efforts to restore confidence have been met with mixed success thus far. This report provides answers to some frequently asked questions concerning ongoing financial disruptions and the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP) enacted by Congress in the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 (EESA, Division A of H.R. 1424/P.L. 110-343).
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jan 29 2009, 8 pp.
AU  - Murphy, Edward V
AU  - Webel, Baird
Y1  - 2009/01/29/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jan 29
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Business and service sector - Markets, marketing, and merchandising
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic conditions
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Banking operations and services
KW  - United States
KW  - Banking
KW  - Economic stabilization
KW  - Economic conditions
KW  - Markets
KW  - book
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Murphy%2C+Edward+V%3BWebel%2C+Baird&rft.aulast=Murphy&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft.date=2009-01-29&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Financial+Market+Intervention&rft.title=Financial+Market+Intervention&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RS22963_20090129.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-04-21
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RS22963
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty: Background and Current Developments
AN  - 58814753; 2008-265729
AB  - As reviewed in this report, a comprehensive nuclear-test-ban treaty (CTBT) is the oldest item on the nuclear arms control agenda. The Obama Administration plans to seek Senate approval of the CTBT, followed by a diplomatic effort to secure ratification by the remaining states that must ratify for the treaty to enter into force. Tables, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jan 28 2009, 43 pp.
AU  - Medalia, Jonathan
Y1  - 2009/01/28/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jan 28
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military equipment and weapons
KW  - International relations - International peace and security
KW  - International relations - Treaties
KW  - Obama, Barack
KW  - Atomic weapons
KW  - Nuclear nonproliferation
KW  - United States Senate
KW  - Treaties
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58814753?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Medalia%2C+Jonathan&rft.aulast=Medalia&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=2009-01-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Comprehensive+Nuclear-Test-Ban+Treaty%3A+Background+and+Current+Developments&rft.title=Comprehensive+Nuclear-Test-Ban+Treaty%3A+Background+and+Current+Developments&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL33548_20090128.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-05-04
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RL33548
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - [Misleading Congress]
AN  - 1679136342; CO02306
AB  - Anna Eshoo and other members of Congress ask Leon Panetta to amend his statement that Central Intelligence Agency does not mislead Congress, in light of recent testimony to the contrary.
AU  - United States. Congress. House. Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence
AD  - United States. Congress. House. Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence
PY  - 2009
SP  - 1
KW  - Panetta, Leon E.
KW  - Congressional relations
KW  - Political corruption
KW  - Scharkowsky, Janice D.
KW  - Holt, Rush D.
KW  - Smith, Adam
KW  - Hastings, Alcee L.
KW  - Tierney, John F.
KW  - Thompson, Mike
KW  - Scharkowsky, Janice D.
KW  - Holt, Rush D.
KW  - Smith, Adam
KW  - Hastings, Alcee L.
KW  - Tierney, John F.
KW  - Thompson, Mike
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Adnsa_co&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=%5BMisleading+Congress%5D&rft.au=United+States.+Congress.+House.+Permanent+Select+Committee+on+Intelligence&rft.aulast=United+States.+Congress.+House.+Permanent+Select+Committee+on+Intelligence&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2009-01-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Digital National Security Archive
N1  - Name - United States. Central Intelligence Agency
N1  - Analyte descriptor - NSA document type: Letter
N1  - People - Hastings, Alcee L.; Holt, Rush D.; Scharkowsky, Janice D.; Smith, Adam; Thompson, Mike; Tierney, John F.
N1  - Last updated - 2015-06-16
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Infrastructure Programs: What's Different about Broadband?
AN  - 58807799; 2008-256262
AB  - Broadband network deployment projects possess several characteristics that distinguish them from traditional infrastructure projects. The leadership in both houses of Congress as well as the Obama administration have announced plans to include a broadband component in the infrastructure portion of any economic stimulus package; and this report explores the unique characteristics of broadband infrastructure that impose very complex policy objectives for any broadband infrastructure program. Tables, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jan 22 2009, 22 pp.
AU  - Goldfarb, Charles B
AU  - Kruger, Lennard G
Y1  - 2009/01/22/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jan 22
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - Science and technology policy - Telecommunications and communication systems
KW  - United States
KW  - Infrastructure
KW  - Broadband communication systems
KW  - Economic stabilization
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58807799?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Goldfarb%2C+Charles+B%3BKruger%2C+Lennard+G&rft.aulast=Goldfarb&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2009-01-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Infrastructure+Programs%3A+What%27s+Different+about+Broadband%3F&rft.title=Infrastructure+Programs%3A+What%27s+Different+about+Broadband%3F&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40149_20090122.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-04-21
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code R40149
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Closing the Guantanamo Detention Center: Legal Issues
AN  - 58802117; 2008-256176
AB  - Provides an overview of major legal issues likely to arise as a result of executive and legislative action to close the Guantanamo detention facility. It discusses legal issues related to the transfer or release of Guantanamo detainees (either to a foreign country or into the US), the continued detention of such persons in the US, and the possible removal of persons brought to the US. The report also discusses selected constitutional issues concerning the criminal prosecution of detainees, emphasizing the procedural and substantive protections that are utilized in different adjudicatory forums (ie, federal civilian courts, court martial proceedings, and military commissions).
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jan 22 2009, 37 pp.
AU  - Garcia, Michael John
AU  - Bazan, Elizabeth B
AU  - Mason, R Chuck
AU  - Liu, Edward C
AU  - Henning, Anna C
Y1  - 2009/01/22/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jan 22
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Administration of justice - Prisoners and correctional facilities and personnel
KW  - Law and ethics - Military and martial law
KW  - Administration of justice - Courts and judicial power
KW  - Human rights - Human rights promotion and violations
KW  - United States
KW  - Guantanamo bay, Cuba
KW  - Courts
KW  - Detention of persons
KW  - Military law
KW  - Prisoners
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58802117?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Garcia%2C+Michael+John%3BBazan%2C+Elizabeth+B%3BMason%2C+R+Chuck%3BLiu%2C+Edward+C%3BHenning%2C+Anna+C&rft.aulast=Garcia&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2009-01-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Closing+the+Guantanamo+Detention+Center%3A+Legal+Issues&rft.title=Closing+the+Guantanamo+Detention+Center%3A+Legal+Issues&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40139_20090122.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-04-21
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code R40139
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Advanced Substrate Fabrication for Cell Microarrays
AN  - 754549886; 13302870
AB  - The fabrication and characterization of chemical patterns using a technique that can be readily integrated with methods currently used for the formation of microarrays is presented. A high density poly(ethylene glycol) coating was deposited on glass slides as a background exhibiting low cell attachment properties. Phenylazide modified polymers were then printed on this background. UV irradiation of these polymer arrays resulted in the cross-linking of the polymer spots and their covalent attachment to the surface. Cell attachment was shown to follow the resultant surface chemistry pattern. Furthermore, the use of a robotic contact printer enabled the facile deposition of DNA microarrays on top of and aligned with the polymer microarrays. A transfected cell microarray was generated in this way, demonstrating not only the ability of this platform to limit cell attachment to specific regions, but the suitability for chip-based functional genomics, in particular, and high density cell assays in general.
JF  - Biomacromolecules
AU  - Hook, Andrew L
AU  - Thissen, Helmut
AU  - Voelcker, Nicolas H
AD  - School of Chemistry, Physics and Earth Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Bedford Park, Australia, and CSIRO Molecular and Health Technologies, Bayview Avenue, Clayton, Australia
Y1  - 2009/01/21/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jan 21
SP  - 573
EP  - 579
PB  - American Chemical Society, P.O. Box 182426 Columbus OH 43218-2426 USA
VL  - 10
IS  - 3
SN  - 1525-7797, 1525-7797
KW  - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts
KW  - U.V. radiation
KW  - robotics
KW  - genomics
KW  - DNA microarrays
KW  - Cell adhesion
KW  - Coatings
KW  - W 30910:Imaging
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754549886?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biomacromolecules&rft.atitle=Advanced+Substrate+Fabrication+for+Cell+Microarrays&rft.au=Hook%2C+Andrew+L%3BThissen%2C+Helmut%3BVoelcker%2C+Nicolas+H&rft.aulast=Hook&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2009-01-21&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=573&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biomacromolecules&rft.issn=15257797&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fbm801217n
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-05-27
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - U.V. radiation; robotics; genomics; DNA microarrays; Coatings; Cell adhesion
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bm801217n
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Trial Lawyer Bailout Bill Is Wrong Approach to Protect Employees
AN  - 58807216; 2008-283484
AB  - The Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act (S. 181) is pending before the Senate. Instead of facilitating job growth in a time of economic distress, the bill would actually add burdens on America's employers by restarting the statute of limitations for many discrimination claims any time compensation (affected by discrimination) is paid to an employee.
JF  - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee, Jan 21 2009, 7 pp.
AU  - United States Senate Republican Policy Committee
Y1  - 2009/01/21/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jan 21
PB  - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee
KW  - Administration of justice - Legal profession and occupations
KW  - Labor conditions and policy - Work and labor
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Prejudice, discrimination, and affirmative action
KW  - United States
KW  - Lawyers
KW  - Employees
KW  - Discrimination
KW  - Legislation
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58807216?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=United+States+Senate+Republican+Policy+Committee&rft.aulast=United+States+Senate+Republican+Policy+Committee&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2009-01-21&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Trial+Lawyer+Bailout+Bill+Is+Wrong+Approach+to+Protect+Employees&rft.title=Trial+Lawyer+Bailout+Bill+Is+Wrong+Approach+to+Protect+Employees&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://rpc.senate.gov/public/_files/L3LedbetterBillWrongApproach012109.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-06-01
N1  - Publication note - U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee, 2009
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The Transition to Digital Television: Is America Ready?
AN  - 58806287; 2008-256168
AB  - The Deficit Reduction Act of 2005 (P.L. 109-171) directs that on February 17, 2009, over-the-air full-power television broadcasts -- which are currently provided by television stations in both analog and digital formats -- will become digital only. The preeminent goal for Congress is ensuring that American households are prepared for the February 17, 2009, DTV transition deadline, thereby minimizing a scenario where television sets across the nation "go dark.". Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jan 21 2009, 28 pp.
AU  - Kruger, Lennard G
Y1  - 2009/01/21/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jan 21
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Media - Broadcasting
KW  - Media - Television
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Television stations
KW  - Broadcasting
KW  - Digital television
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58806287?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Kruger%2C+Lennard+G&rft.aulast=Kruger&rft.aufirst=Lennard&rft.date=2009-01-21&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+Transition+to+Digital+Television%3A+Is+America+Ready%3F&rft.title=The+Transition+to+Digital+Television%3A+Is+America+Ready%3F&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL34165_20090121.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-04-21
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code no. RL34165
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - ROWLEY REVIEW. Phylogeography: its development and impact in Australo-Papuan ornithology with special reference to paraphyly in Australian birds
AN  - 860378136; 13811725
AB  - With examples from Australo-Papuan ornithology, we examine the technical and theoretical roots of molecular phylogeography and review its development. We describe the progression from ad hoc interpretation of gene trees in single species phylogeographic studies through to comparative phylogeography and currently advocated model-testing approaches. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences have provided most advances to date, although we demonstrate and advocate the future use of multilocus datasets analysed with coalescent methods. We examine interrelationships among speciation research, historical biogeography, phylogeography and landscape genetics. Mitochondrial paraphyly, in which individuals of one species or population have mtDNA that is more closely related to that of another than to their own, emerges in 44% of Australian studies to date as a common, important result in Australian avian phylogeography. Accordingly, we explore at length its most common causes and its impact on case studies in Australo-Papuan avian phylogeography. The impact of so much paraphyly on avian phylogeography and taxonomy is a major theme of the review. We suggest a full research agenda for avian phylogeography in the Australo-Papuan region that spans diverse topics: the need for more studies of pelagic birds, spatio-temporal links between New Guinea and Australia, island populations, testing of long-established biogeographical hypotheses, and integration of molecular and non-molecular datasets into integrated evolutionary understanding of species and populations. Studying the full continuum of divergences from landscape genetics, to phylogeography, to recently diverged species with evidence of paraphyly, to highly divergent species with many fixed differences will lead to a more complete understanding of the processes and patterns of avian evolution.
JF  - Emu
AU  - Joseph, Leo
AU  - Omland, Kevin E
AD  - Australian National Wildlife Collection, CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems, GPO Box 284, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia, leo.joseph@csiro.au
Y1  - 2009/01/20/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jan 20
SP  - 1
EP  - 23
PB  - CSIRO Publishing, PO Box 1139 Collingwood Vic. 3066 Australia
VL  - 109
IS  - 1
SN  - 0158-4197, 0158-4197
KW  - Ecology Abstracts
KW  - Speciation
KW  - Biogeography
KW  - Landscape
KW  - Mitochondria
KW  - Roots
KW  - Development
KW  - Aves
KW  - Integration
KW  - Mitochondrial DNA
KW  - Islands
KW  - Reviews
KW  - Taxonomy
KW  - Evolution
KW  - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/860378136?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Emu&rft.atitle=ROWLEY+REVIEW.+Phylogeography%3A+its+development+and+impact+in+Australo-Papuan+ornithology+with+special+reference+to+paraphyly+in+Australian+birds&rft.au=Joseph%2C+Leo%3BOmland%2C+Kevin+E&rft.aulast=Joseph&rft.aufirst=Leo&rft.date=2009-01-20&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Emu&rft.issn=01584197&rft_id=info:doi/10.1071%2FMU08024
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2011-04-01
N1  - Number of references - 187
N1  - Last updated - 2013-07-26
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Integration; Speciation; Mitochondrial DNA; Islands; Biogeography; Reviews; Landscape; Roots; Mitochondria; Taxonomy; Development; Evolution; Aves
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/MU08024
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - South Africa: Current Issues and U.S. Relations
AN  - 58816027; 2008-265731
AB  - Arising from apartheid, a system of racial segregation, the Republic of South Africa is firmly established as a regional superpower. South Africa has the largest Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in Africa, a diverse economy, and a government that has played an active role in the promotion of regional peace and stability, but while its political system is regarded as stable, South Africa faces serious long-term challenges arising from poverty, unemployment, and AIDS. Tables, Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jan 16 2009, 23 pp.
AU  - Ploch, Lauren
Y1  - 2009/01/16/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jan 16
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Social conditions and problems
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic conditions
KW  - United States
KW  - Social conditions
KW  - Poverty
KW  - South Africa
KW  - Foreign relations
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58816027?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Ploch%2C+Lauren&rft.aulast=Ploch&rft.aufirst=Lauren&rft.date=2009-01-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=South+Africa%3A+Current+Issues+and+U.S.+Relations&rft.title=South+Africa%3A+Current+Issues+and+U.S.+Relations&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL31697_20090116.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-05-04
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RL31697
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Health Insurance Continuation Coverage under COBRA
AN  - 58813439; 2008-256337
AB  - Under Title X of the Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1985 (COBRA, P.L. 99-272), an employer with 20 or more employees must provide those employees and their families the option of continuing their coverage. Some maintain that COBRA has resulted in extra costs for employers (in the form of increased premiums), as well as added administrative burdens; but others maintain that COBRA should be expanded to include new eligibility categories and longer coverage periods, so that more workers and their families have a source of group health insurance coverage during periods of job or family transitions. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jan 16 2009, 10 pp.
AU  - Kinzer, Janet
Y1  - 2009/01/16/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jan 16
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Business and service sector - Insurance
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Health and health policy
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Public finance
KW  - Labor conditions and policy - Labor conditions, wages, salaries, and benefits
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Marriage and family life
KW  - Labor conditions and policy - Work and labor
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Family
KW  - Budget, Government
KW  - Health insurance
KW  - Employees' benefit plans
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58813439?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Kinzer%2C+Janet&rft.aulast=Kinzer&rft.aufirst=Janet&rft.date=2009-01-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Health+Insurance+Continuation+Coverage+under+COBRA&rft.title=Health+Insurance+Continuation+Coverage+under+COBRA&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40142_20090116.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-05-04
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code R40142
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Issues in Green Building and the Federal Response: An Introduction
AN  - 58812575; 2008-256261
AB  - Green building can be characterized as integrated building practices that significantly reduce the environmental footprint of a building in comparison to standard practices. Green building raises issues relating to performance, cost, market penetration, and the approach itself; and this report explores questions the 111th Congress and the Obama Administration may face with respect to green building issues. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jan 16 2009, 30 pp.
AU  - Fischer, Eric A
Y1  - 2009/01/16/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jan 16
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Manufacturing and heavy industry - Building and construction
KW  - Environment and environmental policy - Ecology and environmental policy
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Social movements
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic theory
KW  - Cost
KW  - United States
KW  - Building
KW  - Standards
KW  - Green movement
KW  - Environmental policy
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58812575?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Fischer%2C+Eric+A&rft.aulast=Fischer&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.date=2009-01-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Issues+in+Green+Building+and+the+Federal+Response%3A+An+Introduction&rft.title=Issues+in+Green+Building+and+the+Federal+Response%3A+An+Introduction&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40147_20090116.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-04-21
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code R40147
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - U.S. Special Forces (SOF): Background and Issues for Congress
AN  - 58809553; 2008-256259
AB  - Special Operations Forces (SOF) play a significant role in US military operations and the Administration has given US SOF greater responsibility for planning and conducting worldwide counterterrorism operations. The progress of mandated SOF growth, possible equipment and logistical shortfalls, and SOF's role in irregular warfare (IW) are potential policy issues for congressional consideration.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jan 16 2009, 7 pp.
AU  - Feickert, Andrew
Y1  - 2009/01/16/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jan 16
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - International relations - International peace and security
KW  - Military and defense policy - National defense
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military planning, strategy, and operations
KW  - United States
KW  - Military planning
KW  - Counterterrorism
KW  - Special forces
KW  - Military operations
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58809553?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Feickert%2C+Andrew&rft.aulast=Feickert&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2009-01-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=U.S.+Special+Forces+%28SOF%29%3A+Background+and+Issues+for+Congress&rft.title=U.S.+Special+Forces+%28SOF%29%3A+Background+and+Issues+for+Congress&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RS21048_20090116.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-04-21
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RS21048
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - NATO Enlargement: Senate Advice and Consent
AN  - 58808737; 2008-265732
AB  - In 1949, the Senate gave its advice and consent to ratification of the North Atlantic Treaty, a pact of mutual defense which created the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), an original alliance of 12 states, but which now has a membership of 26 states. This report describes the provisions of the North Atlantic Treaty and of the original Senate debate in 1949 pertinent to enlargement, the procedures that have been followed for each subsequent enlargement proposal, and what the Senate decided at the reunification of Germany in 1990 and the implications of that event for Germany's membership in NATO.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jan 16 2009, 10 pp.
AU  - Garcia, Michael John
Y1  - 2009/01/16/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jan 16
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - International relations - International organizations
KW  - International relations - International relations
KW  - Membership
KW  - Alliances
KW  - Germany
KW  - North Atlantic treaty organization
KW  - United States Senate
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58808737?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Garcia%2C+Michael+John&rft.aulast=Garcia&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2009-01-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=NATO+Enlargement%3A+Senate+Advice+and+Consent&rft.title=NATO+Enlargement%3A+Senate+Advice+and+Consent&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL31915_20090116.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-05-04
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RL31915
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - States and Proposed Economic Recovery Plans
AN  - 58805377; 2008-256172
AB  - In light of the Obama Administration's proposed economic recovery plan, this report examines arguments presented by the National Conference of State Legislatures (NCSL) and the National Governors Association (NGA) to include state fiscal assistance in an economic recovery plan; several arguments to exclude state assistance from such a plan; and the implications the proposals presented by NCSL and NGA might have for the economy. It also examines issues related to the targeting of state fiscal assistance and arguments for and against including infrastructure construction projects, and presents provisions in proposed economic recovery plans that affect state and local governments. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jan 16 2009, 13 pp.
AU  - Dilger, Robert Jay
Y1  - 2009/01/16/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jan 16
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - International relations - International relief and humanitarian assistance
KW  - Government - Local and municipal government
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - Infrastructure
KW  - Obama, Barack
KW  - United States
KW  - Local government
KW  - Economic policy
KW  - Economic assistance
KW  - Economic stabilization
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58805377?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Dilger%2C+Robert+Jay&rft.aulast=Dilger&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2009-01-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=States+and+Proposed+Economic+Recovery+Plans&rft.title=States+and+Proposed+Economic+Recovery+Plans&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40112_20090116.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-04-21
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RL40112
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Particle and gaseous emissions from commercial aircraft at each stage of the landing and takeoff cycle.
AN  - 66959341; 19238977
AB  - A novel technique was used to measure emission factors for commonly used commercial aircraft including a range of Boeing and Airbus airframes under real world conditions. Engine exhaust emission factors for particles in terms of particle number and mass (PM2.5), along with those for CO2 and NOx, were measured for over 280 individual aircraft during the various modes of landing/takeoff (LTO) cycle. Results from this study show that particle number, and NOx emission factors are dependent on aircraft engine thrust level. Minimum and maximum emissions factors for particle number, PM2.5, and NOx emissions were found to be in the range of 4.16 x 10(15)-5.42 x 10(16) kg(-1), 0.03-0.72 g.kg(-1), and 3.25-37.94 g.kg(-1), respectively, for all measured airframes and LTO cycle modes. Number size distributions of emitted particles for the naturally diluted aircraft plumes in each mode of LTO cycle showed that particles were predominantly in the range of 4-100 nm in diameter in all cases. In general, size distributions exhibit similar modality during all phases of the LTO cycle. A very distinct nucleation mode was observed in all particle size distributions, except for taxiing and landing of A320 aircraft. Accumulation modes were also observed in all particle size distributions. Analysis of aircraft engine emissions during LTO cycle showed that aircraft thrust level is considerably higher during taxiing than idling suggesting that International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) standards need to be modified as the thrust levels for taxi and idle are considered to be the same (7% of total thrust) (Environmental Protection, Annex 16, Vol. II, Aircraft Engine Emissions, 2nd ed.; ICAO--International Civil Aviation Organization: Montreal, 1993).
JF  - Environmental science & technology
AU  - Mazaheri, M
AU  - Johnson, G R
AU  - Morawska, L
AD  - International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Queensland University of Technology, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia.
Y1  - 2009/01/15/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jan 15
SP  - 441
EP  - 446
VL  - 43
IS  - 2
SN  - 0013-936X, 0013-936X
KW  - Air Pollutants
KW  - 0
KW  - Gases
KW  - Nitrates
KW  - Particulate Matter
KW  - Vehicle Emissions
KW  - Carbon Dioxide
KW  - 142M471B3J
KW  - Index Medicus
KW  - Carbon Dioxide -- analysis
KW  - Particle Size
KW  - Air Pollutants -- analysis
KW  - Nitrates -- analysis
KW  - Gases -- analysis
KW  - Aircraft
KW  - Particulate Matter -- analysis
KW  - Vehicle Emissions -- analysis
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Particle+and+gaseous+emissions+from+commercial+aircraft+at+each+stage+of+the+landing+and+takeoff+cycle.&rft.au=Mazaheri%2C+M%3BJohnson%2C+G+R%3BMorawska%2C+L&rft.aulast=Mazaheri&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2009-01-15&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=441&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date completed - 2009-03-24
N1  - Date created - 2009-02-25
N1  - Date revised - 2017-01-13
N1  - Last updated - 2017-01-18
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The Republic of the Philippines: Background and U.S. Relations
AN  - 58816794; 2008-265734
AB  - The US and the Republic of the Philippines (RP) maintain close ties based upon historical relations, common interests, shared values, and the large Filipino-American population. Although the US closed its military bases in the Philippines in 1992, bilateral military cooperation resumed following territorial disputes between the Philippines and China in 1994 and the launching of the Global War on Terrorism in 2002; however, some US and RP policy makers have expressed concern regarding China's growing "soft power" in the country and the perceived lack of US comprehensive attention to Philippine and regional issues. Tables, Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jan 15 2009, 23 pp.
AU  - Lum, Thomas
AU  - Niksch, Larry A
Y1  - 2009/01/15/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jan 15
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - International relations - International relations
KW  - United States
KW  - Philippines
KW  - International cooperation
KW  - Foreign relations
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL33233_20090115.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-05-04
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code FL33233
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Congress as a Consumer of Intelligence Information
AN  - 58810314; 2008-256335
AB  - This report examines the role of Congress as a consumer of national intelligence and examines several issues that Congress might address in the 111th Congress. Congress generally has routine access to "finished intelligence," or to those intelligence products that are published for general circulation within the executive branch, and it receives the preponderance of its intelligence information through briefings, which generally are initiated at the request of congressional committees, individual members, or staff. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jan 15 2009, 10 pp.
AU  - Cumming, Alfred
Y1  - 2009/01/15/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jan 15
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Psychology
KW  - Education and education policy - Educational psychology and learning ability
KW  - Education and education policy - Information services and sources
KW  - Information
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Intelligence
KW  - book
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Cumming%2C+Alfred&rft.aulast=Cumming&rft.aufirst=Alfred&rft.date=2009-01-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Congress+as+a+Consumer+of+Intelligence+Information&rft.title=Congress+as+a+Consumer+of+Intelligence+Information&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40136_20090115.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-05-04
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code R40136
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - "Fast Track" Procedures to Disapprove Additional Funds under the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act
AN  - 58808626; 2008-256260
AB  - The Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 (EESA) empowers the Secretary of the Treasury to act to stabilize the economy; however more than 350 billion dollars outstanding, requires a written report from the President to Congress, a 15-day period during which Congress may reject the Secretary's request, and the use of "fast track" parliamentary procedures should the request be disapproved. This report examines these procedures, explains how they differ from the regular parliamentary mechanisms of the House and Senate, and estimates certain deadlines under the act based on the recent submission of the President's report. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jan 15 2009, 7 pp.
AU  - Davis, Christopher M
Y1  - 2009/01/15/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jan 15
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - United States
KW  - Economic policy
KW  - Economic stabilization
KW  - United States Treasury department
KW  - book
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L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40134_20090115.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-04-21
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code R40134
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Israel and Hamas: Conflict in Gaza (2008-2009)
AN  - 58805142; 2008-256158
AB  - On December 27, 2008, Israel launched a major military campaign dubbed "Operation Cast Lead" against the Palestinian Islamist militant group Hamas in the Gaza Strip in order to counter Palestinian rocket fire and, more broadly, to significantly weaken all aspects of Hamas rule in Gaza. The world response to the Gaza crisis has been characterized by consistent calls for an end to the violence and by concern over the humanitarian situation in Gaza, while both houses of Congress have passed resolutions supporting Israel's right to defend itself. Tables, Figures.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jan 15 2009, 33 pp.
AU  - Zanotti, Jim
AU  - Sharp, Jeremy M
AU  - Migdalovitz, Carol
AU  - Addis, Casey L
AU  - Blanchard, Christopher M
Y1  - 2009/01/15/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jan 15
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Politics - Political parties and groups
KW  - Population groups, population policy, and demographics - National, ethnic, and minority groups
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Social conditions and problems
KW  - International relations - War
KW  - Politics - Political dissent and internal conflict
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Palestinians
KW  - Gaza, Palestine
KW  - Israel
KW  - Conflict
KW  - Hamas
KW  - Violence
KW  - book
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Zanotti%2C+Jim%3BSharp%2C+Jeremy+M%3BMigdalovitz%2C+Carol%3BAddis%2C+Casey+L%3BBlanchard%2C+Christopher+M&rft.aulast=Zanotti&rft.aufirst=Jim&rft.date=2009-01-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Israel+and+Hamas%3A+Conflict+in+Gaza+%282008-2009%29&rft.title=Israel+and+Hamas%3A+Conflict+in+Gaza+%282008-2009%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40101_20090115.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-04-21
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code R40101
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The Children's Health Insurance Program Reauthorization Act of 2009
AN  - 58816130; 2008-256334
AB  - The Children's Health Insurance Program Reauthorization Act of 2009 (CHIPRA 2009) was passed in the House (H.R. 2) in January 2009 with an overall structure similar to its two predecessors. Cost estimates indicated that H.R. 2 would increase outlays by 32.3 billion dollars over 5 years and by 65.4 billion dollars over 10 years, and increase FY2013 Medicaid and SCHIP enrollment by 6.5 million, for a total of 37.7 million projected enrollees; and this report summarizes changes to current law across the major provisions of H.R. 2 that would occur if CHIPRA 2009 were enacted. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jan 14 2009, 19 pp.
AU  - Baumrucker, Evelyne P
AU  - Herz, Elicia J
AU  - Peterson, Chris L
AU  - Tilson, Sibyl
AU  - Gravelle, Jane G
Y1  - 2009/01/14/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jan 14
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Health and health policy
KW  - Business and service sector - Insurance
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Public welfare and social services
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Medicaid program
KW  - Health insurance
KW  - Legislation
KW  - Child health
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58816130?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Baumrucker%2C+Evelyne+P%3BHerz%2C+Elicia+J%3BPeterson%2C+Chris+L%3BTilson%2C+Sibyl%3BGravelle%2C+Jane+G&rft.aulast=Baumrucker&rft.aufirst=Evelyne&rft.date=2009-01-14&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+Children%27s+Health+Insurance+Program+Reauthorization+Act+of+2009&rft.title=The+Children%27s+Health+Insurance+Program+Reauthorization+Act+of+2009&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40130_20090114.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-05-04
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code R40130
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Merida Initiative for Mexico and Central America: Funding and Policy Issues
AN  - 58797849; 2008-256175
AB  - Increasing violence perpetrated by drug trafficking organizations, gangs, and other criminal groups is threatening citizen security in Mexico and Central America, and some of the drug-related violence in Mexico has begun to spillover into the US. In 2007, the US and Mexico announced the Merida Initiative, a multi-year proposal for 1.4 billion dollars in US assistance to Mexico and Central America aimed at combating drug trafficking and organized crime; and this report provides an overview of the funding provided and a discussion of some policy issues that Congress may consider as it oversees implementation of the Initiative. Tables, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jan 13 2009, 21 pp.
AU  - Seelke, Clare Ribando
Y1  - 2009/01/13/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jan 13
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Social conditions and problems
KW  - Administration of justice - Crime and criminals
KW  - International relations - International relief and humanitarian assistance
KW  - United States
KW  - Gangs
KW  - Mexico
KW  - Economic assistance
KW  - Organized crime
KW  - Smuggling
KW  - Violence
KW  - Central America
KW  - Drug related crime
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58797849?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Seelke%2C+Clare+Ribando&rft.aulast=Seelke&rft.aufirst=Clare&rft.date=2009-01-13&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Merida+Initiative+for+Mexico+and+Central+America%3A+Funding+and+Policy+Issues&rft.title=Merida+Initiative+for+Mexico+and+Central+America%3A+Funding+and+Policy+Issues&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40135_20090113.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-04-21
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code R40135
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Mérida Initiative for Mexico and Central America: Funding and Policy Issues
AN  - 1679100634; MD01672
AB  - Evaluates funding for Mérida Initiative for 2008 and proposed budget for 2009, and related policy issues.
AU  - United States. Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
AD  - United States. Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
PY  - 2009
SP  - 25
KW  - Central America
KW  - Counterterrorism
KW  - Dominican Republic
KW  - Drug control assistance
KW  - Drug demand
KW  - Economic Support Fund
KW  - Government budgeting
KW  - Haiti
KW  - Human rights
KW  - Illicit arms trafficking
KW  - Interagency cooperation
KW  - International Narcotics Control and Law Enforcement
KW  - Judicial system
KW  - Laundering of funds
KW  - Mérida Initiative
KW  - Military assistance
KW  - Police corruption
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Adnsa_md&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=M%C3%A9rida+Initiative+for+Mexico+and+Central+America%3A+Funding+and+Policy+Issues&rft.au=United+States.+Library+of+Congress.+Congressional+Research+Service&rft.aulast=United+States.+Library+of+Congress.+Congressional+Research+Service&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2009-01-13&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://www.state.gov.
LA  - English
DB  - Digital National Security Archive
N1  - Name - United States. Department of Defense
N1  - Analyte descriptor - NSA document type: Report; Location of original: Available [Online]: State Department
N1  - Last updated - 2015-06-16
ER  - 



TY  - CPAPER
T1  - Federal Perspective
T2  - 88th Annual Meeting of the Transpotations Research Board
AN  - 41808912; 5038135
JF  - 88th Annual Meeting of the Transpotations Research Board
AU  - Binder, Susan
Y1  - 2009/01/11/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jan 11
KW  - U 2000:Biological Sciences
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41808912?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=88th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Transpotations+Research+Board&rft.atitle=Federal+Perspective&rft.au=Binder%2C+Susan&rft.aulast=Binder&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2009-01-11&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=88th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Transpotations+Research+Board&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://www.trb.org/meeting/2009/PDFs/TRBAM09.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-07-17
N1  - Last updated - 2010-05-03
ER  - 



TY  - CPAPER
T1  - Connecting with Existing Communities: Library of Congress on Flickr
T2  - 88th Annual Meeting of the Transpotations Research Board
AN  - 41808341; 5037993
JF  - 88th Annual Meeting of the Transpotations Research Board
AU  - Springer, Michelle
Y1  - 2009/01/11/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jan 11
KW  - Congress
KW  - U 2000:Biological Sciences
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41808341?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=88th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Transpotations+Research+Board&rft.atitle=Connecting+with+Existing+Communities%3A+Library+of+Congress+on+Flickr&rft.au=Springer%2C+Michelle&rft.aulast=Springer&rft.aufirst=Michelle&rft.date=2009-01-11&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=88th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Transpotations+Research+Board&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://www.trb.org/meeting/2009/PDFs/TRBAM09.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-07-17
N1  - Last updated - 2010-05-03
ER  - 



TY  - CPAPER
T1  - Political Perspectives on Managing Demand
T2  - 88th Annual Meeting of the Transpotations Research Board
AN  - 41791273; 5038823
JF  - 88th Annual Meeting of the Transpotations Research Board
AU  - Binder, Susan
Y1  - 2009/01/11/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jan 11
KW  - Politics
KW  - U 2000:Biological Sciences
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41791273?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=88th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Transpotations+Research+Board&rft.atitle=Political+Perspectives+on+Managing+Demand&rft.au=Binder%2C+Susan&rft.aulast=Binder&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2009-01-11&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=88th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Transpotations+Research+Board&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://www.trb.org/meeting/2009/PDFs/TRBAM09.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-07-17
N1  - Last updated - 2010-05-03
ER  - 



TY  - CPAPER
T1  - Perspective from Capitol Hill
T2  - 88th Annual Meeting of the Transpotations Research Board
AN  - 41753242; 5036969
JF  - 88th Annual Meeting of the Transpotations Research Board
AU  - Fischer, John
Y1  - 2009/01/11/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jan 11
KW  - Hills
KW  - U 2000:Biological Sciences
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41753242?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=88th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Transpotations+Research+Board&rft.atitle=Perspective+from+Capitol+Hill&rft.au=Fischer%2C+John&rft.aulast=Fischer&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2009-01-11&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=88th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Transpotations+Research+Board&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://www.trb.org/meeting/2009/PDFs/TRBAM09.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-07-17
N1  - Last updated - 2010-05-03
ER  - 



TY  - CPAPER
T1  - Context-Sensitive Solutions in Designing Major Urban Thoroughfares for Walkable Communities
T2  - 88th Annual Meeting of the Transpotations Research Board
AN  - 41749586; 5038668
JF  - 88th Annual Meeting of the Transpotations Research Board
AU  - Smith, Heather
Y1  - 2009/01/11/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jan 11
KW  - U 2000:Biological Sciences
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41749586?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=88th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Transpotations+Research+Board&rft.atitle=Context-Sensitive+Solutions+in+Designing+Major+Urban+Thoroughfares+for+Walkable+Communities&rft.au=Smith%2C+Heather&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Heather&rft.date=2009-01-11&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=88th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Transpotations+Research+Board&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://www.trb.org/meeting/2009/PDFs/TRBAM09.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-07-17
N1  - Last updated - 2010-05-03
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - General Revenue Sharing: Background and Analysis
AN  - 58801226; 2008-256170
AB  - This report provides background and analysis of the general revenue sharing program (GRS) as authorized in the State and Local Fiscal Assistance Act of 1972 (P.L. 92-512, the 1972 Act). The GRS program was extended three times before finally expiring on September 30, 1986; and over the almost 15-year life of the GRS program (1972 through 1986), more than 83 billion dollars was transferred from the federal government to state and local governments. Tables, Figures, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jan 9 2009, 17 pp.
AU  - Maguire, Steven
Y1  - 2009/01/09/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jan 09
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Public finance
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Taxation and tax policy
KW  - Government - State or regional government
KW  - Government - Local and municipal government
KW  - Government - Forms of government
KW  - United States
KW  - Federal government
KW  - Local government
KW  - State government
KW  - Revenue sharing
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58801226?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Maguire%2C+Steven&rft.aulast=Maguire&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2009-01-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=General+Revenue+Sharing%3A+Background+and+Analysis&rft.title=General+Revenue+Sharing%3A+Background+and+Analysis&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL31936_20090109.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-04-21
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RL31936
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - U.S. Military Stop Loss Program
AN  - 58805320; 2008-256162
AB  - Stop Loss is a frequently misunderstood Department of Defense (DOD) force management program that retains service members beyond their contractually agreed-to separation date. Today, there are over 12,000 soldiers in the active Army, Army Reserve, and Army National Guard who remain on active duty as a result of Stop Loss; and with its continued use by the Army and the recent establishment of a special pay, it is anticipated that Stop Loss will be of significant and continuing interest to the 111th Congress. Tables, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jan 8 2009, 14 pp.
AU  - Henning, Charles A
Y1  - 2009/01/08/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jan 08
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military service
KW  - Military and defense policy - Military personnel and veterans
KW  - United States National guard
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Military service
KW  - United States Army
KW  - Armed forces Reserves
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58805320?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Henning%2C+Charles+A&rft.aulast=Henning&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2009-01-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=U.S.+Military+Stop+Loss+Program&rft.title=U.S.+Military+Stop+Loss+Program&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40121_20090108.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-04-21
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code R40121
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Housing for Persons Living with HIV/AIDS
AN  - 58799459; 2008-256167
AB  - Since the beginning of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic in the early 1980s, many individuals living with the disease have had difficulty finding affordable, stable housing. Congress recognized the housing needs of persons living with HIV/AIDS when it approved the Housing Opportunities for Persons with AIDS (HOPWA) program in 1990 as part of the Cranston-Gonzalez National Affordable Housing Act (P.L. 101-625); and in FY2008, Congress appropriated 300 million dollars for HOPWA in the Consolidated Appropriations Act (P.L. 110-161). Tables, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jan 8 2009, 18 pp.
AU  - Perl, Libby
Y1  - 2009/01/08/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jan 08
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Diseases and disorders
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Housing
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Acquired immune deficiency syndrome
KW  - Housing
KW  - Human immunodeficiency virus
KW  - Appropriations and expenditures
KW  - Legislation
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58799459?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Perl%2C+Libby&rft.aulast=Perl&rft.aufirst=Libby&rft.date=2009-01-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Housing+for+Persons+Living+with+HIV%2FAIDS&rft.title=Housing+for+Persons+Living+with+HIV%2FAIDS&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL34318_20090108.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-04-21
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RL34318
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Pension Issues: Lump-Sum Distributions and Retirement Income Security
AN  - 58805279; 2008-256142
AB  - Forty-seven percent of all workers aged 21 and older participated in employer-sponsored retirement plans in 2006, but not all of these workers will receive a pension or other income from these plans when they retire. Some will instead receive a "lump-sum distribution" from their retirement plan when they change jobs, and this report explores the value of lump sum distributions when they are "rolled over" and the tendency for some to use this distribution for current consumption. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jan 7 2009, 15 pp.
AU  - Purcell, Patrick
Y1  - 2009/01/07/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jan 07
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Labor conditions and policy - Employment and labor supply
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Social policy and social development
KW  - Banking and public and private finance - Credit, loans, and personal finance
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Consumers and consumption
KW  - Pensions
KW  - Consumption
KW  - Retirement income
KW  - Retirement
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58805279?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Purcell%2C+Patrick&rft.aulast=Purcell&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft.date=2009-01-07&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Pension+Issues%3A+Lump-Sum+Distributions+and+Retirement+Income+Security&rft.title=Pension+Issues%3A+Lump-Sum+Distributions+and+Retirement+Income+Security&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL30496_20090107.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-04-21
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RL30496
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The Emoluments Clause: History, Law, and Precedents
AN  - 58804892; 2008-256173
AB  - With the announcements by President-elect Barack Obama that he intends to nominate several Members of Congress to various positions in the Executive Branch, questions regarding their constitutional eligibility in light of the plain language of the Emoluments Clause have been raised. This report provides an historical review of the Emoluments Clause, focusing on the debates at the time the clause was drafted, as well as the precedents adopted by Congress and the executive branch with respect to nominations where the issue has arisen.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jan 7 2009, 24 pp.
AU  - Tatelman, Todd B
Y1  - 2009/01/07/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jan 07
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - Government - Executive power
KW  - Politics - Elections and voting
KW  - Obama, Barack
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Executive power
KW  - Law
KW  - Nominations
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58804892?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Tatelman%2C+Todd+B&rft.aulast=Tatelman&rft.aufirst=Todd&rft.date=2009-01-07&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+Emoluments+Clause%3A+History%2C+Law%2C+and+Precedents&rft.title=The+Emoluments+Clause%3A+History%2C+Law%2C+and+Precedents&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40124_20090107.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-04-21
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code R40124
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The UNESCO World Heritage Convention: Congressional Issues
AN  - 58800001; 2008-256263
AB  - The UN Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage (the World Heritage Convention) identifies and helps protect international sites of such exceptional ecological, scientific, or cultural importance that their preservation is considered a global responsibility. This report provides background information, outlines US participation and funding, highlights criteria for adding and removing sites from the lists, and discusses possible issues for the 111th Congress, including the Convention's possible impact on US sovereignty, the role of the legislative branch in designating sites, and the potential implications for a site's inclusion.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jan 7 2009, 16 pp.
AU  - Blanchfield, Luisa
Y1  - 2009/01/07/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jan 07
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - International relations - International organizations
KW  - Government - Nation state
KW  - Culture and religion - Museums, memorials, monuments, and cultural property
KW  - United States
KW  - United Nations educational, scientific, and cultural organization
KW  - World Heritage areas
KW  - Sovereignty
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58800001?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Blanchfield%2C+Luisa&rft.aulast=Blanchfield&rft.aufirst=Luisa&rft.date=2009-01-07&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+UNESCO+World+Heritage+Convention%3A+Congressional+Issues&rft.title=The+UNESCO+World+Heritage+Convention%3A+Congressional+Issues&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40164_20090107.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-04-21
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code R40164
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Meat and Poultry Inspection: Background and Selected Issues
AN  - 58797825; 2008-256169
AB  - The US Department of Agriculture's (USDA's) Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) must inspect most meat, poultry, and processed egg products for safety, wholesomeness, and labeling; and federal inspectors or their state counterparts are present at all times in virtually all slaughter plants and for at least part of each day in establishments that further process meat and poultry products. This report explores whether this system, first designed in the early 1900s, has kept pace with changes in the food production and marketing industries.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jan 7 2009, 23 pp.
AU  - Becker, Geoffrey S
Y1  - 2009/01/07/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jan 07
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Manufacturing and heavy industry - Industrial management, production, and productivity
KW  - Health conditions and policy - Food and nutrition
KW  - Agriculture and agricultural policy - Crop management and agricultural production
KW  - Agriculture
KW  - United States Agriculture department
KW  - Food
KW  - Production
KW  - Food safety
KW  - Inspection
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58797825?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Becker%2C+Geoffrey+S&rft.aulast=Becker&rft.aufirst=Geoffrey&rft.date=2009-01-07&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Meat+and+Poultry+Inspection%3A+Background+and+Selected+Issues&rft.title=Meat+and+Poultry+Inspection%3A+Background+and+Selected+Issues&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL32922_20090107.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-04-21
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RL32922
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Taiwan-U.S. Relations: Recent Developments
AN  - 58787757; 2008-256166
AB  - Taiwan President Ma Ying-jeou, elected on March 22, 2008, in a surprisingly broad electoral victory, has moved quickly to repair Taiwan's relations with the PRC. President Ma also has sought to address any annoyances in Taiwan-US relations arising from the former Chen Administration, and the 110th Congress is working to bolster US support for Taiwan and improve Taiwan's international position.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jan 7 2009, 26 pp.
AU  - Dumbaugh, Kerry
Y1  - 2009/01/07/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jan 07
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - International relations - International relations
KW  - International relations
KW  - United States
KW  - Taiwan
KW  - Ma, Ying-jeou
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58787757?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Dumbaugh%2C+Kerry&rft.aulast=Dumbaugh&rft.aufirst=Kerry&rft.date=2009-01-07&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Taiwan-U.S.+Relations%3A+Recent+Developments&rft.title=Taiwan-U.S.+Relations%3A+Recent+Developments&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL34683_20090107.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-04-21
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RL34683
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Amendments to the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act Set to Expire in 2009
AN  - 58814252; 2008-256336
AB  - Several recent amendments to the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA), as discussed in this report, will sunset on December 31, 2009. While these provisions will cease to be prospectively effective on December 31, 2009, a grandfather clause permits them to remain effective with respect to investigations that began, or potential offenses that took place, before the sunset date. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jan 6 2009, 11 pp.
AU  - Liu, Edward C
Y1  - 2009/01/06/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jan 06
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Psychology
KW  - Education and education policy - Educational psychology and learning ability
KW  - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW  - Law and ethics - Criminal law
KW  - Government - Internal security
KW  - Administration of justice - Police and law enforcement
KW  - United States Congress
KW  - Investigation
KW  - Intelligence
KW  - Surveillance
KW  - Legislation
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58814252?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Liu%2C+Edward+C&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft.date=2009-01-06&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Amendments+to+the+Foreign+Intelligence+Surveillance+Act+Set+to+Expire+in+2009&rft.title=Amendments+to+the+Foreign+Intelligence+Surveillance+Act+Set+to+Expire+in+2009&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40138_20090106.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-05-04
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code R40138
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The Role of Public Works Infrastructure in Economic Stimulus
AN  - 58806319; 2008-256171
AB  - Interest in using federal government spending to stimulate US economic recovery has intensified recently in response to indicators showing significant deterioration of the economy. This report is an overview of policy issues associated with the approach of using infrastructure as a mechanism for economic stimulus. Tables, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jan 6 2009, 45 pp.
AU  - Copeland, Claudia
AU  - Levine, Linda
AU  - Mallett, William J
AU  - Carter, Nicole T
Y1  - 2009/01/06/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jan 06
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic research
KW  - Government - Forms of government
KW  - United States
KW  - Infrastructure
KW  - Economic indicators
KW  - Federal government
KW  - Public works
KW  - Economic stabilization
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58806319?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Copeland%2C+Claudia%3BLevine%2C+Linda%3BMallett%2C+William+J%3BCarter%2C+Nicole+T&rft.aulast=Copeland&rft.aufirst=Claudia&rft.date=2009-01-06&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+Role+of+Public+Works+Infrastructure+in+Economic+Stimulus&rft.title=The+Role+of+Public+Works+Infrastructure+in+Economic+Stimulus&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40107_20090106.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-04-21
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code R40107
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Afghanistan: Government Formation and Performance
AN  - 58802065; 2008-256165
AB  - The central government's limited writ and perceived corruption are helping sustain a Taliban insurgency and feeding pessimism about the Afghanistan stabilization effort. However, ethnic disputes remain confined largely to political debate and competition, enabling President Karzai to try to focus on improving governance, reversing security deterioration, and on his re-election bid in the fall of 2009. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jan 6 2009, 9 pp.
AU  - Katzman, Kenneth
Y1  - 2009/01/06/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jan 06
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Politics - Political dissent and internal conflict
KW  - International relations - War
KW  - Politics - Political parties and groups
KW  - Politics - Elections and voting
KW  - Law and ethics - Ethics
KW  - Elections
KW  - Ethnic conflict
KW  - Taliban
KW  - Karzai, Hamid
KW  - Insurgency
KW  - Corruption
KW  - Afghanistan
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58802065?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Katzman%2C+Kenneth&rft.aulast=Katzman&rft.aufirst=Kenneth&rft.date=2009-01-06&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Afghanistan%3A+Government+Formation+and+Performance&rft.title=Afghanistan%3A+Government+Formation+and+Performance&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RS21922_20090106.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-04-21
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RS21922
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Refugee and Asylum-Seeker Inflows in the United States and Other OECD Member States
AN  - 58797771; 2008-256161
AB  - The recent economic downturn could lead to an escalation in the worldwide supply of refugees and asylum-seekers; thus, a potential issue for Congress is whether the US should increase admissions of asylum-seekers and refugees during a worldwide economic downturn, maintain current admission levels, or whether the economic circumstances warrant diverting refugee resources to other concerns. In terms of refugee populations, the US is one of 13 OECD countries that participate in large-scale resettlement of refugees, and its leadership role in refugee resettlement is substantial. Tables, Figures, Appendixes.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jan 6 2009, 32 pp.
AU  - Haddal, Chad C
Y1  - 2009/01/06/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jan 06
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Population groups, population policy, and demographics - Refugees
KW  - Economic conditions and policy - Economic conditions
KW  - Human rights - Civil and political rights
KW  - Population groups, population policy, and demographics - Migrants and migration
KW  - United States
KW  - Resettlement
KW  - Economic conditions
KW  - Asylum, Right of
KW  - Refugees
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58797771?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Haddal%2C+Chad+C&rft.aulast=Haddal&rft.aufirst=Chad&rft.date=2009-01-06&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Refugee+and+Asylum-Seeker+Inflows+in+the+United+States+and+Other+OECD+Member+States&rft.title=Refugee+and+Asylum-Seeker+Inflows+in+the+United+States+and+Other+OECD+Member+States&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40133_20090106.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-04-21
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code R40133
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Iraq: Politics, Elections, and Benchmarks
AN  - 58801178; 2008-256164
AB  - Iraq's political system, the result of a US-supported election process, continues to be riven by sectarianism and ethnic and factional infighting. As 2009 begins, there is renewed maneuvering by opponents of Prime Minister Nuri al-Maliki to possibly try to replace him, but internal dissension aside, the Bush Administration has been optimistic that the passage of key laws in 2008, coupled with the provincial elections to be held January 31, 2009, will sustain recent reductions in violence. Tables.
JF  - Congressional Research Reports for the People, Jan 2 2009, 9 pp.
AU  - Katzman, Kenneth
Y1  - 2009/01/02/
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009 Jan 02
PB  - Congressional Research Reports for the People
KW  - Politics - Elections and voting
KW  - Government - Internal security
KW  - Politics - Political parties and groups
KW  - International relations - War
KW  - Politics - Political dissent and internal conflict
KW  - Social conditions and policy - Social conditions and problems
KW  - Opposition parties
KW  - al-Maliki, Nouri Kamel Mohammed Hassan
KW  - Elections
KW  - Conflict
KW  - Violence
KW  - Internal security
KW  - Iraq
KW  - book
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58801178?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Katzman%2C+Kenneth&rft.aulast=Katzman&rft.aufirst=Kenneth&rft.date=2009-01-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Iraq%3A+Politics%2C+Elections%2C+and+Benchmarks&rft.title=Iraq%3A+Politics%2C+Elections%2C+and+Benchmarks&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RS21968_20090102.pdf
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2009-04-21
N1  - Publication note - Congressional Research Reports for the People, 2009
N1  - SuppNotes - CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RS21968
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Designing Ready to Deliver Units of Learning: A Case Study
AN  - 815959727; EJ903916
AB  - The field of instructional design and technology has always evolved and grown, translating new knowledge in the learning and cognitive sciences into instructional principles, increasingly incorporating technological innovations into the design of educational solutions, and adapting to social changes (Reiser, 2007; Tennyson, 2005). The "learning object" paradigm, which mainly emerged out of economical and technological concerns, was first developed within the field of software engineering, but is significantly gaining the attention of researchers and practitioners in the field of education at large. Even though this perspective is affecting instructional design practices, still little is known about well-structured methods enabling the support of instructional design processes oriented in this way. We present here a case study, which is part of ongoing doctoral research, and aims to provide a robust instructional design method for the production of learning designs compliant with the IMS LD specification. Our work focuses on the adaptation of an instructional engineering method known as MISA. (Contains 6 footnotes and 5 figures.)
JF  - Journal of Learning Design
AU  - Maina, Marcello
Y1  - 2009
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009
SP  - 21
EP  - 33
PB  - Queensland University of Technology. GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia. Tel: +61-7-313-80585; Fax: +61-7-313-83474; e-mail: jld@qut.edu.au; Web site: http://www.jld.qut.edu.au
VL  - 3
IS  - 1
SN  - 1832-8342, 1832-8342
KW  - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE)
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Program Descriptions
KW  - Program Design
KW  - Technology Uses in Education
KW  - Engineering Technology
KW  - Case Studies
KW  - Instructional Development
KW  - Delivery Systems
KW  - Educational Technology
KW  - Instructional Design
KW  - Media Adaptation
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/815959727?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 5246 2768; 3268 10669; 1326 3629 6582 8836; 3477 10669; 6463 1387; 5247 3184 2787; 8295; 8296 2768; 2691 9556; 10675
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Reframing Narrative Cases for Ill-Structured Contexts: The Design with Learners in Mind
AN  - 815959722; EJ903917
AB  - This study reviews theories supporting the construction of student knowledge and found they rely upon theoretical operations with few pragmatic applications. A new paradigm of learning needs to emerge which focuses on how students actually construct their own knowledge, based on reconstructing current/past knowledge or experience, and their interpretation of the world. Such a paradigm implies ways that would enable educators to facilitate students' problem solving, and gears to help students construct hypotheses, select and transform information, and finally make decisions. Implications for designing effective narrative cases for ill-structured problem solving are discussed. (Contains 1 table.)
JF  - Journal of Learning Design
AU  - Chen, Ching-Huei
Y1  - 2009
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009
SP  - 34
EP  - 40
PB  - Queensland University of Technology. GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia. Tel: +61-7-313-80585; Fax: +61-7-313-83474; e-mail: jld@qut.edu.au; Web site: http://www.jld.qut.edu.au
VL  - 3
IS  - 1
SN  - 1832-8342, 1832-8342
KW  - United States (Southwest)
KW  - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE)
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Educational Strategies
KW  - Problem Based Learning
KW  - Narration
KW  - Instructional Design
KW  - Cognitive Style
KW  - Problem Solving
KW  - Models
KW  - Cognitive Processes
KW  - Student Attitudes
KW  - Protocol Analysis
KW  - Interviews
KW  - Educational Psychology
KW  - Case Method (Teaching Technique)
KW  - Learning Strategies
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/815959722?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 6752 9651 6582; 8233 1710; 8227 5882; 1716 8409 5051; 5911 6582; 5246 2768; 3264 3227 6582; 3248 4164 8422 926 9351 5964; 8383 8852 6582; 1710; 1324 10621 3227 6582; 5472 3629 6582; 10181 730; 6936 6111
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Problem Based Learning: Does It Provide Appropriate Levels of Guidance and Flexibility for Use in Police Recruit Education?
AN  - 815959685; EJ903920
AB  - Education programs for police recruits have often been criticised for their over-reliance on teacher-centred approaches that are less than ideal for promoting functional knowledge and critical thinking skills. Problem-Based Learning (PBL), which is suggested as an alternative, has been criticised for not providing novice learners with appropriate levels of guidance. This paper, drawing on the author's experiences of a "Police PBL" course originating in North America, will discuss whether this PBL model provides appropriate levels of scaffolding for novice learners in police recruit education. It also discusses how guidance for learners can be utilized in a hybrid PBL model at the New South Wales (NSW) Police College. It is concluded that the Police PBL model provides flexible guidance to novice learners via a range of scaffolding strategies. A hybrid PBL curriculum is also proposed to seek a more effective balance of teacher and learner-centred approaches. (Contains 1 figure.)
JF  - Journal of Learning Design
AU  - Shipton, Brett
Y1  - 2009
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009
SP  - 57
EP  - 67
PB  - Queensland University of Technology. <span class="hit">GPO</span> Box 2434, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia. Tel: +61-7-313-80585; Fax: +61-7-313-83474; e-mail: jld@qut.edu.au; Web site: http://www.jld.qut.edu.au
VL  - 3
IS  - 1
SN  - 1832-8342, 1832-8342
KW  - North America
KW  - Australia
KW  - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE)
KW  - Adult Education
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Educational Strategies
KW  - Thinking Skills
KW  - Program Effectiveness
KW  - Problem Based Learning
KW  - Recruitment
KW  - Career Guidance
KW  - Police Education
KW  - Models
KW  - Scaffolding (Teaching Technique)
KW  - Foreign Countries
KW  - Curriculum Design
KW  - Blended Learning
KW  - Police
KW  - Role of Education
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/815959685?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 8227 5882; 4109 4335; 10852 1701 1 9690; 9121 10621 3227 6582; 3264 3227 6582; 1290 4552; 7966 3150; 7962 4403 3417 8016 4542 5703 4908 8917; 9018 9015; 2520 2768; 6752 9651 6582; 1060 10621 3227 6582; 8708; 8299
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Engaged Service Learning--Implications for Higher Education
AN  - 815959015; EJ903919
AB  - Dwindling resources for tertiary education, has resulted in reduced emphasis on intensive, small group, staff-student collaborative project-based service learning. However, training scientists to manage significant issues, such as sustainable water use, requires an ability to engage both industry and community stakeholders. This paper describes the results of an "action conversations" approach to explore community perceptions, teach students skills for community engagement, and evaluate their experience of this as a teaching and learning method. It suggests that there are significant parallels between factors contributing to successful community engagement and effective teaching and learning by students. (Contains 2 footnotes and 2 tables.)
JF  - Journal of Learning Design
AU  - Webb, Tony
AU  - Burgin, Shelley
Y1  - 2009
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009
SP  - 41
EP  - 56
PB  - Queensland University of Technology. GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia. Tel: +61-7-313-80585; Fax: +61-7-313-83474; e-mail: jld@qut.edu.au; Web site: http://www.jld.qut.edu.au
VL  - 3
IS  - 1
SN  - 1832-8342, 1832-8342
KW  - Australia
KW  - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE)
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Postsecondary Education
KW  - School Community Relationship
KW  - Stakeholders
KW  - Instructional Effectiveness
KW  - Teacher Student Relationship
KW  - Community Attitudes
KW  - Water
KW  - Sustainability
KW  - Teacher Effectiveness
KW  - Service Learning
KW  - College Students
KW  - Educational Assessment
KW  - Learning Strategies
KW  - Teaching Methods
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/815959015?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 10514 10486 909; 9552 3692 5882; 10621 3227 6582; 10576 5449 8768; 10023 4542; 4744 8046 3150; 1878 730; 5911 6582; 5248; 9190 8768; 10385 3627 2416 10031; 11416; 3169 3626; 1806 10278 8016 4542
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Sharing the Journey of Facilitator and Learner: Online Pedagogy in Practice
AN  - 815958664; EJ903915
AB  - Two perspectives are used to reflect on the learning design of a postgraduate online course--that of the designer/facilitator and that of the learner. While the course focus is on online pedagogical approaches, the main aim is to connect learners with each other and with the facilitator so that together they may investigate, trial, challenge and formulate ideas about online pedagogy. The design is influenced by the principles of transformative learning where the concept of a "dilemma" leads to disorientation and then to learning. Learners are presented with a number of educational dilemmas, given a process for addressing those dilemmas and are required to authentically demonstrate how principles and practices can be applied to enhance online learning and teaching. The design addresses the theory/practice nexus and illustrates that research is best situated in real world contexts, and effective practice should be framed and informed by research. (Contains 2 tables.)
JF  - Journal of Learning Design
AU  - Reushle, Shirley
AU  - Mitchell, Maxine
Y1  - 2009
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009
SP  - 11
EP  - 20
PB  - Queensland University of Technology. GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia. Tel: +61-7-313-80585; Fax: +61-7-313-83474; e-mail: jld@qut.edu.au; Web site: http://www.jld.qut.edu.au
VL  - 3
IS  - 1
SN  - 1832-8342, 1832-8342
KW  - Australia
KW  - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE)
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Postsecondary Education
KW  - Teacher Role
KW  - Performance Based Assessment
KW  - Virtual Classrooms
KW  - Education Courses
KW  - Graduate Study
KW  - Course Descriptions
KW  - Theory Practice Relationship
KW  - Transformative Learning
KW  - Instructional Design
KW  - College Faculty
KW  - Electronic Learning
KW  - Online Courses
KW  - Adult Learning
KW  - Educational Principles
KW  - Foreign Countries
KW  - College Instruction
KW  - Facilitators (Individuals)
KW  - Student Evaluation
KW  - Teaching Methods
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/815958664?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 4109 4335; 3340 10675 5882; 7330 2074 2073 10675 2351 2515; 10976 5882; 10621 3227 6582; 4453 4744 8046 3150; 10832 8768; 218 5882; 3152 1765 2515 2351; 7705 428 3626; 10205 3626; 5246 2768; 1774 3780 9247 3417 8016 4542 5703 4908 8917 8267; 1780 5242; 2340; 11285 2074 2073 10675 1620 3199 3760; 3758 8016 4542; 10565 9015; 3243 10031 4164
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Pre-Service Primary Teachers' Perceptions of Mathematics Education Lecturers' Practice: Identifying Issues for Curriculum Development
AN  - 762477131; EJ899359
AB  - Teacher educators' work with pre-service teachers plays a part in trying to shape the nature of classroom teaching. Their teaching usually follows an established curriculum and delivery that is underpinned by particular theoretical, philosophical or political agendas. In an institution where the teacher education programme is predicated on constructivism and a transformative agenda, a study was conducted on how primary student teacher perceived the "lived" mathematics education curriculum. This paper reports on the student teachers' views of their mathematics education lecturers' practice as explored through their perceptions of the mathematics education classroom interactions and learning environments they experienced. The questionnaires used showed differences in the student teachers' views of sociocultural and critical focussed aspects of the classroom environments, both within and between the two instruments. Some initial "in-house" approaches to addressing issues identified, along with approaches from the literature that could enhance the transformative aspects of the mathematics education courses, are presented. (Contains 2 figures and 6 tables.)
JF  - Mathematics Teacher Education and Development
AU  - Lomas, Gregor
Y1  - 2009
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009
SP  - 4
EP  - 21
PB  - Mathematics Education Research Group of Australasia. GPO Box 2747, Adelaide SA 5001, Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: mted@merga.net.au; Web site: http://www.merga.net.au/
VL  - 11
SN  - 1442-3901, 1442-3901
KW  - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE)
KW  - Teachers
KW  - Elementary Education
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Student Teacher Attitudes
KW  - Questionnaires
KW  - Preservice Teacher Education
KW  - Elementary School Curriculum
KW  - Classroom Techniques
KW  - Mathematics Education
KW  - Curriculum Development
KW  - Educational Practices
KW  - Teaching Styles
KW  - Beliefs
KW  - Teacher Educators
KW  - Teaching Methods
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/762477131?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 8144 10507 8260 3150; 2521 3184 2787; 6417 3150; 10513 1774 3780 9247 3417 8016 4542 5703 4908 8917 8267; 10621 3227 6582; 10261 730; 3242; 932 730; 1619 3227 6582; 8535 6447; 10631 10492 10486 909; 3357 2515
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Teachers' Reflections on their Mathematical Learning Experiences in a Professional Development Course
AN  - 762468385; EJ899360
AB  - This study examined the impact on 16 middle-school teachers' conceptions of mathematics learning and teaching of reflections on their learning experiences within mathematics professional development. The research questions were: In their reflections, what do teachers express about how they best learned mathematics through these learning experiences? How do teachers extend these ideas to possible modifications of their teaching practice? Data included the teachers' written reflections and field notes, which were analysed using grounded theory. In their reflections, the teachers noted several supportive processes that aligned with recommendations of teaching for mathematical understanding and that they planned to implement in their classrooms. Teachers' reflections were more aligned with teaching for understanding when they thought about their mathematical learning experiences in the role of a learner before considering implications for their teaching. (Contains 2 tables.)
JF  - Mathematics Teacher Education and Development
AU  - Chamberlin, Michelle
Y1  - 2009
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009
SP  - 22
EP  - 35
PB  - Mathematics Education Research Group of Australasia. <span class="hit">GPO</span> Box 2747, Adelaide SA 5001, Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: mted@merga.net.au; Web site: http://www.merga.net.au/
VL  - 11
SN  - 1442-3901, 1442-3901
KW  - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE)
KW  - Teachers
KW  - Middle Schools
KW  - Journal Writing
KW  - Mathematics Instruction
KW  - Learning Experience
KW  - Professional Development
KW  - Transformative Learning
KW  - Mathematics Education
KW  - Notetaking
KW  - Educational Practices
KW  - Reflective Teaching
KW  - Reflection
KW  - Grounded Theory
KW  - Teacher Education Programs
KW  - Teaching Methods
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/762468385?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 4505 8852 6582 10830; 6417 3150; 8258 5704 2787; 6419 5242; 10621 3227 6582; 5893 3685 853; 8723 1710; 10976 5882; 3242; 8725; 7168 11614 5752 6101; 5603 11614 5752 6101; 10511 8331
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Mathematics Education and Special Education: Searching for Common Ground and the Implications for Teacher Education
AN  - 762468273; EJ899365
AB  - This article examines research literature that overlaps the fields of mathematics and special education, with a particular focus on students with disabilities at the middle and high school levels. We report the results of this literature by describing some of the inconsistencies or contradictions between the fields as well as the commonalities that exist in the research and recommendations. Finally, we address implications for preparing future mathematics and special education teachers to work with their students, each of whom will have unique learning strengths and needs.
JF  - Mathematics Teacher Education and Development
AU  - Boyd, Brian
AU  - Bargerhuff, Mary Ellen
Y1  - 2009
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009
SP  - 54
EP  - 67
PB  - Mathematics Education Research Group of Australasia. GPO Box 2747, Adelaide SA 5001, Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: mted@merga.net.au; Web site: http://www.merga.net.au/
VL  - 11
KW  - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE)
KW  - High Schools
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Middle Schools
KW  - Special Education Teachers
KW  - Special Education
KW  - Special Needs Students
KW  - Educational Practices
KW  - Change Strategies
KW  - Literature Reviews
KW  - Fused Curriculum
KW  - Educational Research
KW  - Mathematics Education
KW  - Teacher Education Programs
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/762468273?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - "You Just Have to Take a Bit of a Risk Sometimes": Breaking the "Cycle of Tradition" in Primary Mathematics
AN  - 762468162; EJ899361
AB  - The purpose of this study was to explore the mathematics teaching practices of graduates of a pre-service primary/early childhood education program designed to develop teachers' capacities to implement non-traditional mathematics curricula. As a complementary component of a large survey study of graduate teachers, graduates were interviewed to examine their mathematics teaching practices and influences upon their practices. The teachers indicated they were implementing personally developed, constructivist-oriented curricula, while also acting as curriculum leaders. They also spoke of how aspects of their pre-service education had provided them with the knowledge, skills and confidence to enact their beliefs about effective mathematics teaching. (Contains 3 tables.)
JF  - Mathematics Teacher Education and Development
AU  - Frid, Sandra
AU  - Sparrow, Len
Y1  - 2009
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009
SP  - 36
EP  - 53
PB  - Mathematics Education Research Group of Australasia. GPO Box 2747, Adelaide SA 5001, Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: mted@merga.net.au; Web site: http://www.merga.net.au/
VL  - 11
SN  - 1442-3901, 1442-3901
KW  - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE)
KW  - Early Childhood Education
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Influences
KW  - Questionnaires
KW  - Mathematics Instruction
KW  - Teacher Attitudes
KW  - Elementary School Teachers
KW  - Instructional Innovation
KW  - Teaching Skills
KW  - Educational Practices
KW  - Interviews
KW  - Graduate Surveys
KW  - Constructivism (Learning)
KW  - Teacher Education Programs
KW  - Teaching Methods
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/762468162?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 2158 5913 10830; 3085 3150; 10621 3227 6582; 6419 5242; 4454 4086 6175 1326 3629 6582 8836 10380; 10482 730; 3242; 5127; 5472 3629 6582; 8535 6447; 3365 10591 8267 3417 8016 4542 5703 4908 8917; 5251 3215 5188; 10630 9690 1; 10511 8331
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Minimal Scale for Assessment of Multiple Offending Risk in Sexual Offenders Against Children
AN  - 754143239; 201026477
AB  - The development of a four-item scale for the prediction of sexual offending against multiple victims is described. The scale is scored from offender age and details of the victim's age, gender, and relationship to victim. The scale showed high inter-rater reliability for the individual items and the scale as a whole. Validity in predicting multiple offending in a community sample of sexual offenders against children and in a sub-sample of voluntarily-referred offenders was moderate. The scale had a positive and moderately large correlation with the RRASOR. The scale may be useful for risk assessment of child molesters in circumstances where minimal collaborative information about sexual offending is available. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - Sexual Abuse in Australia and New Zealand
AU  - Proeve, Michael
AD  - School of Psychology, University of South Australia, City East Campus, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide SA 5001, Australia Michael.proeve@unisa.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/01//
PY  - 2009
DA  - January 2009
SP  - 97
EP  - 101
PB  - ANZATSA, Haymarket, NSW, Australia
VL  - 1
IS  - 2
SN  - 1833-8488, 1833-8488
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Sex offenders
KW  - Offenders
KW  - Reliability
KW  - Victims
KW  - Children
KW  - article
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754143239?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aassia&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sexual+Abuse+in+Australia+and+New+Zealand&rft.atitle=A+Minimal+Scale+for+Assessment+of+Multiple+Offending+Risk+in+Sexual+Offenders+Against+Children&rft.au=Proeve%2C+Michael&rft.aulast=Proeve&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=97&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sexual+Abuse+in+Australia+and+New+Zealand&rft.issn=18338488&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA)
N1  - Date revised - 2010-09-10
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-27
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sex offenders; Children; Risk assessment; Offenders; Victims; Reliability
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Religious regulations in Indonesia: failing vulnerable groups
AN  - 754068121; 201053059
AB  - Since 1998 and the downfall of Suharto, local governments across Indonesia have passed a range of religious regulations, commonly known as perda syariah. This paper is based on analysis of over 160 religious regulations from 26 provinces in Indonesia. It examines how the transition to decentralisation has facilitated the growth of religious regulations and will outline the behaviour these regulations seek, to control. It analyses how these religious regulations are being implemented and enforced. Overall, it demonstrates that religious regulations have discriminated against vulnerable groups such as women, children, the poor and religious minorities. The national government has failed to intervene because of the perceived need to maintain the support of the majority Muslim-voter base in a competitive political environment. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - RIMA: Review of Indonesian and Malaysian Affairs
AU  - Crouch, Melissa
AD  - Asian Law Centre, University of Melbourne m.crouch@unimelb.edu.au
Y1  - 2009///0,
PY  - 2009
DA  - 0, 2009
SP  - 53
EP  - 103
PB  - RIMA, GPO Box 1820, Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
VL  - 43
IS  - 2
SN  - 0815-7251, 0815-7251
KW  - Islam in Indonesia, syariah, religious regulations
KW  - Central Government
KW  - Majorities
KW  - Minority Groups
KW  - Indonesia
KW  - Females
KW  - Regulation
KW  - Children
KW  - Local Government
KW  - article
KW  - 9241: politics and religion; politics and religion
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754068121?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=RIMA%3A+Review+of+Indonesian+and+Malaysian+Affairs&rft.atitle=Religious+regulations+in+Indonesia%3A+failing+vulnerable+groups&rft.au=Crouch%2C+Melissa&rft.aulast=Crouch&rft.aufirst=Melissa&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=53&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=RIMA%3A+Review+of+Indonesian+and+Malaysian+Affairs&rft.issn=08157251&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2010-09-10
N1  - Number of references - 69
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Regulation; Indonesia; Minority Groups; Central Government; Children; Females; Majorities; Local Government
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Muslim intellectualism in Indonesia: the Liberal Islam Network (JIL) controversy
AN  - 754067552; 201053067
AB  - There has been a strong and sometimes violent reaction to the activities of the young Muslim intellectuals involved in the Liberal Islam Network (JIL) in Indonesia. JIL's high profile and outspoken strategy have caused a storm of controversy and led to many other Indonesian liberal Islamic groups seeking to distance themselves from JIL. An examination of the responses to JIL reveals much about the proper role and responsibilities of intellectuals, particularly in developing new ideas in Islamic society. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - RIMA: Review of Indonesian and Malaysian Affairs
AU  - Harvey, Clare Isobel
AD  - The Asia Foundation in Jakarta, Indonesia clare.harvey3@gmail.com
Y1  - 2009///0,
PY  - 2009
DA  - 0, 2009
SP  - 13
EP  - 52
PB  - RIMA, GPO Box 1820, Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
VL  - 43
IS  - 2
SN  - 0815-7251, 0815-7251
KW  - Intellectual, Liberal Islam, Jaringan Islam Liberal, Indonesian Islam
KW  - Islam
KW  - Intellectuals
KW  - Indonesia
KW  - Disputes
KW  - Muslims
KW  - article
KW  - 9241: politics and religion; politics and religion
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754067552?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=RIMA%3A+Review+of+Indonesian+and+Malaysian+Affairs&rft.atitle=Muslim+intellectualism+in+Indonesia%3A+the+Liberal+Islam+Network+%28JIL%29+controversy&rft.au=Harvey%2C+Clare+Isobel&rft.aulast=Harvey&rft.aufirst=Clare&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=RIMA%3A+Review+of+Indonesian+and+Malaysian+Affairs&rft.issn=08157251&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2010-09-10
N1  - Number of references - 56
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Islam; Disputes; Indonesia; Intellectuals; Muslims
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Ethnic geography in conflicts: the case of West Kalimantan, Indonesia
AN  - 754066509; 201051852
AB  - This article looks into the correlations between ethnic geography and conflicts between the Dayak and Madurese in West Kalimantan, Indonesia. The first section of the article gives a brief theoretical background, and then an overview of the arguments commonly used to explain the conflict between the two ethnic groups. It discusses arguments which link the conflicts to primordial issues such as ethnic stereotyping and the history of group antagonism, as well as others which use an instrumental approach, for example writings which connect the conflicts with the issue of marginalisation. The article then proceeds to analyse how the spread and concentration of an ethnic group in certain locations may have contributed to ethnic conflicts. This argument is not new since experts have argued about a positive correlation in this regard, but no previous studies have cogently argued the West Kalimantan case. Taking into consideration the role of the history of the conflicts between the two ethnic groups and their strained relations, this article argues that ethnic geography has contributed significantly to the conflicts in two areas. In support argument, the article maps the population of both ethnic groups in strategic areas, an approach which has not been used previously. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - RIMA: Review of Indonesian and Malaysian Affairs
AU  - Tanasaldy, Taufiq
AD  - University of Tasmania, Launceston Taufiq.Tanasaldy@utas.edu.au
Y1  - 2009///0,
PY  - 2009
DA  - 0, 2009
SP  - 105
EP  - 130
PB  - RIMA, GPO Box 1820, Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
VL  - 43
IS  - 2
SN  - 0815-7251, 0815-7251
KW  - ethnic conflict, ethnic geography, West Kalimantan, Madurese, Dayak
KW  - Ethnic Conflict
KW  - Hostility
KW  - Ethnic Groups
KW  - Indonesia
KW  - Experts
KW  - Marginality
KW  - Geography
KW  - Conflict
KW  - Stereotypes
KW  - article
KW  - 9105: politics; national-level politics
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754066509?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=RIMA%3A+Review+of+Indonesian+and+Malaysian+Affairs&rft.atitle=Ethnic+geography+in+conflicts%3A+the+case+of+West+Kalimantan%2C+Indonesia&rft.au=Tanasaldy%2C+Taufiq&rft.aulast=Tanasaldy&rft.aufirst=Taufiq&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=105&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=RIMA%3A+Review+of+Indonesian+and+Malaysian+Affairs&rft.issn=08157251&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2010-09-10
N1  - Number of references - 64
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Conflict; Ethnic Groups; Geography; Ethnic Conflict; Indonesia; Hostility; Stereotypes; Experts; Marginality
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Faith and knowledge: Nurcholish Madjid as educator and philosopher
AN  - 754046215; 201054843
AB  - Professor Nurcholish Madjid is almost certainly the most creative thinker on Indonesian Islam of the past half century. He brought together both Muslim and Western scholarship in the fields of education, law, and ethics. This short article is only a preliminary appreciation. The coming years will show the importance of his highly original thought. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - RIMA: Review of Indonesian and Malaysian Affairs
AU  - Hooker, M B
AU  - Hooker, Virginia
AD  - University of Kent, Canterbury
Y1  - 2009///0,
PY  - 2009
DA  - 0, 2009
SP  - 1
EP  - 12
PB  - RIMA, GPO Box 1820, Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
VL  - 43
IS  - 2
SN  - 0815-7251, 0815-7251
KW  - Nurcholish Madjid, Islamic education, sharia, modern philosophy of Islam, memoir
KW  - Islam
KW  - Moral Education
KW  - Teachers
KW  - Law
KW  - Knowledge
KW  - Muslims
KW  - article
KW  - 1535: sociology of religion; sociology of religion
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754046215?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=RIMA%3A+Review+of+Indonesian+and+Malaysian+Affairs&rft.atitle=Faith+and+knowledge%3A+Nurcholish+Madjid+as+educator+and+philosopher&rft.au=Hooker%2C+M+B%3BHooker%2C+Virginia&rft.aulast=Hooker&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=RIMA%3A+Review+of+Indonesian+and+Malaysian+Affairs&rft.issn=08157251&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Sociological Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2010-09-10
N1  - Number of references - 5
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Law; Teachers; Muslims; Moral Education; Islam; Knowledge
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Indonesian video art: discourse, display and development
AN  - 754042844; 201054675
AB  - The lives of contemporary Indonesian youth have been interfered with and influenced by a multitude of media devices, ranging from radio and television to mobile phone and iPod. The youth have positioned themselves not merely as the consumers, but also the producers of media content. This article will specifically focus on their use of video technology for artistic purposes. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - RIMA: Review of Indonesian and Malaysian Affairs
AU  - Jurriens, Edwin
AD  - University of New South Wales, Australian Defence Force Academy in Canberra e.jurriens@adfa.edu.au
Y1  - 2009///0,
PY  - 2009
DA  - 0, 2009
SP  - 165
EP  - 189
PB  - RIMA, GPO Box 1820, Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
VL  - 43
IS  - 2
SN  - 0815-7251, 0815-7251
KW  - Indonesia, recent cultural history, video art
KW  - Mass Media Effects
KW  - Television
KW  - Discourse
KW  - Consumers
KW  - Videotape Recordings
KW  - Mass Media
KW  - Youth
KW  - Technology
KW  - article
KW  - 1331: sociology of language and the arts; sociology of art (creative & performing)
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754042844?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=RIMA%3A+Review+of+Indonesian+and+Malaysian+Affairs&rft.atitle=Indonesian+video+art%3A+discourse%2C+display+and+development&rft.au=Jurriens%2C+Edwin&rft.aulast=Jurriens&rft.aufirst=Edwin&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=165&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=RIMA%3A+Review+of+Indonesian+and+Malaysian+Affairs&rft.issn=08157251&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Sociological Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2010-09-10
N1  - Number of references - 36
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Youth; Videotape Recordings; Consumers; Television; Mass Media; Discourse; Mass Media Effects; Technology
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Indexing a field: the case of Indonesian and Malaysian Studies
AN  - 754042671; 201052786
AB  - The abstracting and indexing databases ISI and Scopus, which used to be only research tools in order to find scholarly literature, are increasingly employed as powerful bibliometric benchmarks in research assessment exercises around the world. This carries the potential to severely affect smaller fields of scholarly inquiry in those fields of the humanities and social sciences where the main journals are not referenced by these two indexes. This paper examines the case of Indonesian and Malaysian Studies in this context. Departing from a discussion of the area studies indexes that used to be the main abstracting and indexing databases in the field, it is argued that in general no single index should be used as only point of reference. By comparing the ISI Research Coverage Ratio (RCR) of Indonesia with that of other large Asian nations, in particularly China and India, it is shown that ISI generally tends to under-represent not only Indonesia, but also other large Asian countries with extensive systems of higher education where the major part of the academic discourse is carried out in national-level journals and in non-European languages. In contrast, smaller countries such as Singapore or Brunei Darussalam score a much higher RCR In this context, also the ratio of authors with local versus international affiliation has to be taken into account. It is demonstrated that foreign players contribute 88.5 per cent of the ISI-indexed publications on Indonesia and 67.4 per cent on Malaysia. In both cases, ISI seems to over-represent Western voices. A new approach towards a cumulative index of indexes is discussed in the final section of the paper, based on an analysis of 23 bibliographic indexes referencing 1,431 journals with contributions on 'Indonesia' and 'Malaysia' in the period from about 2003 to 2006. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - RIMA: Review of Indonesian and Malaysian Affairs
AU  - Graf, Arndt
AD  - University of Frankfurt arndtgraf@yahoo.de
Y1  - 2009///0,
PY  - 2009
DA  - 0, 2009
SP  - 191
EP  - 221
PB  - RIMA, GPO Box 1820, Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
VL  - 43
IS  - 2
SN  - 0815-7251, 0815-7251
KW  - Indonesian studies, Malaysian studies, indexing, database, librarianship, information science, rankings
KW  - Peoples Republic of China
KW  - Educational Systems
KW  - Malaysia
KW  - Singapore
KW  - Indonesia
KW  - Discourse
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Brunei Darussalam
KW  - India
KW  - article
KW  - 0206: sociology: history and theory; history & present state of sociology
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754042671?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=RIMA%3A+Review+of+Indonesian+and+Malaysian+Affairs&rft.atitle=Indexing+a+field%3A+the+case+of+Indonesian+and+Malaysian+Studies&rft.au=Graf%2C+Arndt&rft.aulast=Graf&rft.aufirst=Arndt&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=191&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=RIMA%3A+Review+of+Indonesian+and+Malaysian+Affairs&rft.issn=08157251&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Sociological Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2010-09-10
N1  - Number of references - 34
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Indonesia; Malaysia; Peoples Republic of China; Brunei Darussalam; Discourse; Educational Systems; Singapore; Higher Education; India
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Marx versus Carlyle: Sukarno's view of Hitler's role in history
AN  - 754042284; 201055838
AB  - Sukarno described himself as 'a student of the historical school of Marx'. It might therefore be supposed that he would quickly see the menace in both National Socialism as an instrument of a desperate and declining capitalism and Hitler as an unwitting agent of this reactionary force. And, broadly speaking, the Indonesian leader represented the matter in this fashion in a publication of 14 June 1941. Later in the same year he wrote two articles on fascism that were consistent with this viewpoint, in one of which he claimed that 'Fascism is not the passing ism of a ruthless man, but a social disease produced by a decrepit capitalist system.' Before and after these publications, however, the future president argued quite differently. In one 1939 article, he asserted almost the opposite, claiming that a true understanding of the Naszi Dictatorship was to be found 'inside the soul, spirit and heart of Adolf Hitler'. His willingness to engage with the German leader as an individual enjoying some autonomy in the historical process rather than to regard him as an epiphenomenon of economic and social forces was principally related to his high regard for him as an oratorical leader. A scholar of Indonesia described the tone of the Indonesian President's remarks about Hitler's oratory in a 1963 speech as that of a 'fellow professional'. In February 1966, however, when his own leadership was under threat, Sukarno described himself as a 'student of Adolf Hitler in the matter of how to move the masses'. This deference suggests that if Sukarno was in thrall to any writer regarding the role of Adolf Hitler in history it was not Marx but Carlyle whose claim that history is the biography of great men he occasionally quoted. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - RIMA: Review of Indonesian and Malaysian Affairs
AU  - McIntyre, Angus
AD  - La Trobe University, Department of Political and Social Change, Australian National University a.mcintyre@latrobe.edu.au
Y1  - 2009///0,
PY  - 2009
DA  - 0, 2009
SP  - 131
EP  - 163
PB  - RIMA, GPO Box 1820, Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
VL  - 43
IS  - 2
SN  - 0815-7251, 0815-7251
KW  - Sukarno, Indonesian political history, Hitler, Carlyle
KW  - Nazism
KW  - Schools
KW  - Presidents
KW  - Fascism
KW  - Marx, Karl
KW  - Capitalism
KW  - Diseases
KW  - Hitler, Adolf
KW  - Students
KW  - article
KW  - 2555: radical sociology; Marxist & radical sociologies
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754042284?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=RIMA%3A+Review+of+Indonesian+and+Malaysian+Affairs&rft.atitle=Marx+versus+Carlyle%3A+Sukarno%27s+view+of+Hitler%27s+role+in+history&rft.au=McIntyre%2C+Angus&rft.aulast=McIntyre&rft.aufirst=Angus&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=RIMA%3A+Review+of+Indonesian+and+Malaysian+Affairs&rft.issn=08157251&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Sociological Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2010-09-10
N1  - Number of references - 40
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hitler, Adolf; Marx, Karl; Capitalism; Fascism; Presidents; Students; Diseases; Schools; Nazism
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Developing Mathematics Understanding and Abstraction: The Case of Equivalence in the Elementary Years
AN  - 742885522; EJ883869
AB  - Generalising arithmetic structures is seen as a key to developing algebraic understanding. Many adolescent students begin secondary school with a poor understanding of the structure of arithmetic. This paper presents a theory for a teaching/learning trajectory designed to build mathematical understanding and abstraction in the elementary school context. The particular focus is on the use of models and representations to construct an understanding of equivalence. The results of a longitudinal intervention study with five elementary schools, following 220 students as they progressed from Year 2 to Year 6, informed the development of this theory. Data was gathered from multiple sources including interviews, videos of classroom teaching, and pre- and post- tests. Data reduction resulted in the development of nine conjectures representing a growth in integration of models and representations. These conjectures formed the basis of the theory. (Contains 9 figures.)
JF  - Mathematics Education Research Journal
AU  - Warren, Elizabeth
AU  - Cooper, Tom J.
Y1  - 2009
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009
SP  - 76
EP  - 95
PB  - Mathematics Education Research Group of Australasia. GPO Box 2747, Adelaide SA 5001, Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: merj@merga.net.au; Web site: http://www.merga.net.au/
VL  - 21
IS  - 2
SN  - 1033-2170, 1033-2170
KW  - Australia
KW  - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE)
KW  - Elementary Education
KW  - Elementary School Mathematics
KW  - Arithmetic
KW  - Algebra
KW  - Foreign Countries
KW  - Readiness
KW  - Learning Theories
KW  - Mathematical Concepts
KW  - Longitudinal Studies
KW  - Models
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/742885522?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 4109 4335; 3360 6416 2515 3357; 5913 10830; 6396; 8620; 402 6410 5964; 610 6410 5964; 6175 1326 3629 6582 8836; 6752 9651 6582
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Growth Points in Students' Developing Understanding of Function in Equation Form
AN  - 742885302; EJ883863
AB  - This paper presents a research-based framework for analyzing and monitoring students' understanding of functions in equation form. The framework consists of "growth points" which describe "big ideas" of students' understanding of the concept. The data were collected from Grades 8, 9, and 10 students using a set of tasks involving linear and quadratic relationships, and were used in order to identify and describe "big ideas" in students' understanding of function in equation form. The framework also shows a typical learning path leading towards generality and abstraction in students' thinking about function. (Contains 2 tables and 1 figure.)
JF  - Mathematics Education Research Journal
AU  - Ronda, Erlina R.
Y1  - 2009
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009
SP  - 31
EP  - 53
PB  - Mathematics Education Research Group of Australasia. GPO Box 2747, Adelaide SA 5001, Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: merj@merga.net.au; Web site: http://www.merga.net.au/
VL  - 21
IS  - 1
SN  - 1033-2170, 1033-2170
KW  - Philippines
KW  - Australia
KW  - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE)
KW  - Grade 10
KW  - Grade 8
KW  - Grade 9
KW  - Secondary Education
KW  - Thinking Skills
KW  - Concept Formation
KW  - Foreign Countries
KW  - Mathematical Logic
KW  - Mathematics Instruction
KW  - Equations (Mathematics)
KW  - Mathematical Concepts
KW  - Comprehension
KW  - Interviews
KW  - Secondary School Mathematics
KW  - Age Differences
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/742885302?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 6419 5242; 9417 9414 2515 6416; 3551 6400 6403 6394; 6396; 1989 5333 8409 5051; 10852 1701 1 9690; 6403; 4109 4335; 5472 3629 6582; 312 5054 2842; 2082 5904 1710
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Awareness of Pattern and Structure in Early Mathematical Development
AN  - 742881684; EJ883867
AB  - Recent educational research has turned increasing attention to the structural development of young students' mathematical thinking. Early algebra, multiplicative reasoning, and spatial structuring are three areas central to this research. There is increasing evidence that an awareness of mathematical structure is crucial to mathematical competence among young children. The purpose of this paper is to propose a new construct, Awareness of Mathematical Pattern and Structure (AMPS), which generalises across mathematical concepts, can be reliably measured, and is correlated with general mathematical understanding. We provide supporting evidence drawn from a study of 103 Grade 1 students. (Contains 3 figures and 1 table.)
JF  - Mathematics Education Research Journal
AU  - Mulligan, Joanne
AU  - Mitchelmore, Michael
Y1  - 2009
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009
SP  - 33
EP  - 49
PB  - Mathematics Education Research Group of Australasia. GPO Box 2747, Adelaide SA 5001, Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: merj@merga.net.au; Web site: http://www.merga.net.au/
VL  - 21
IS  - 2
SN  - 1033-2170, 1033-2170
KW  - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE)
KW  - Elementary Education
KW  - Grade 1
KW  - Elementary School Mathematics
KW  - Concept Formation
KW  - Elementary School Students
KW  - Algebra
KW  - Mathematical Logic
KW  - Mathematical Concepts
KW  - Pattern Recognition
KW  - Spatial Ability
KW  - Mathematics Education
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/742881684?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 6417 3150; 6396; 4413 5264; 2082 5904 1710; 402 6410 5964; 6403; 9912 1; 3360 6416 2515 3357; 3363 10278 8016 4542; 7646 8692 6519 1710
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Converting Mathematics Tasks to Learning Opportunities: An Important Aspect of Knowledge for Mathematics Teaching
AN  - 742881164; EJ883865
AB  - As part of a research and professional development project that focused on the opportunities and constraints provided by different kinds of mathematical tasks, a group of 67 primary and 40 secondary practising teachers of mathematics were asked to complete a survey focusing on their use of tasks. In this article, we discuss responses to one particular item which sought teachers' ideas on taking a fraction comparison task (which is larger: 2/3 or 201/301?) and converting it into a mathematics lesson in the middle years of schooling. Drawing upon a number of components of "mathematical knowledge for teaching" as a framework, we attempt to examine those aspects of mathematical knowledge which are involved in making such a conversion. Our recommendation following this analysis is that greater emphasis is necessary in professional development settings on taking a potentially useful task and converting it into a worthwhile mathematics learning experience for students. Knowing the relevant mathematics also seems necessary even if not sufficient to make this conversion. (Contains 4 tables and 1 note.)
JF  - Mathematics Education Research Journal
AU  - Sullivan, Peter
AU  - Clarke, Doug
AU  - Clarke, Barbara
Y1  - 2009
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009
SP  - 85
EP  - 105
PB  - Mathematics Education Research Group of Australasia. GPO Box 2747, Adelaide SA 5001, Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: merj@merga.net.au; Web site: http://www.merga.net.au/
VL  - 21
IS  - 1
SN  - 1033-2170, 1033-2170
KW  - Australia
KW  - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE)
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Pedagogical Content Knowledge
KW  - Foreign Countries
KW  - Mathematics Instruction
KW  - Learning Experience
KW  - Mathematics Teachers
KW  - Professional Development
KW  - Mathematics Education
KW  - Mathematics
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/742881164?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 4109 4335; 6417 3150; 6422 10591 8267 3417 8016 4542 5703 4908 8917; 3368 3150; 6419 5242; 8258 5704 2787; 7657 5674; 5893 3685 853; 6410 5964
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Mathematics Anxiety in Preservice Teachers: Its Relationship to Their Conceptual and Procedural Knowledge of Fractions
AN  - 742881140; EJ883873
AB  - The objective of the present study was to examine the relationship between mathematics anxiety and the procedural and conceptual knowledge of fractions in prospective teachers. Thirty-two preservice teachers enrolled in an elementary mathematics methods course were administered the Revised Mathematics Anxiety Rating Scale (RMARS, Baloglu, 2002). Procedural and conceptual knowledge of fractions was assessed with a validated paper and pencil test (Saxe, Gearhart, & Nasir, 2001) and with four additional problems created by the researchers. Results indicated that as mathematics anxiety scores increased, scores on the validated measure of procedural knowledge of fractions decreased. The same relationship was found between the RMARS and the validated measure of conceptual knowledge. The findings provide some insight on the cognitive and pedagogical factors associated with mathematics anxiety in the preservice teacher population, underscoring the importance of facilitating their proficiency in both mathematical procedures and concepts. (Contains 4 tables and 1 figure.)
JF  - Mathematics Education Research Journal
AU  - Rayner, Vanessa
AU  - Pitsolantis, Nicole
AU  - Osana, Helena
Y1  - 2009
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009
SP  - 60
EP  - 85
PB  - Mathematics Education Research Group of Australasia. <span class="hit">GPO</span> Box 2747, Adelaide SA 5001, Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: merj@merga.net.au; Web site: http://www.merga.net.au/
VL  - 21
IS  - 3
SN  - 1033-2170, 1033-2170
KW  - Mathematics Anxiety Rating Scale
KW  - Canada
KW  - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE)
KW  - Elementary Education
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Elementary School Mathematics
KW  - Mathematics Anxiety
KW  - Foreign Countries
KW  - Rating Scales
KW  - Mathematics Instruction
KW  - Scores
KW  - Mathematical Concepts
KW  - Preservice Teachers
KW  - Correlation
KW  - Knowledge Base for Teaching
KW  - Methods Courses
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/742881140?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 8145 1806 10278 8016 4542; 6583 10509 1765 2515 2351; 8603 6447; 6419 5242; 6413 547 8415; 5674; 6396; 2267 10087 2574 3629 6582; 3360 6416 2515 3357; 9370 2572; 4109 4335
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Appreciating Mathematical Structure for All
AN  - 742878328; EJ883866
AB  - We take "mathematical structure" to mean the identification of general properties which are instantiated in particular situations as relationships between elements or subsets of elements of a set. Because we take the view that appreciating structure is powerfully productive, attention to structure should be an essential part of mathematical teaching and learning. This is not to be confused with teaching children mathematical structure. We observe that children from quite early ages are able to appreciate structure to a greater extent than some authors have imagined. Initiating students to appreciate structure implies, of course, that their appreciation of it needs to be cultivated in order to deepen and to become more mature. We first consider some recent research that supports this view and then go on to argue that unless students are encouraged to attend to structure and to engage in structural thinking they will be blocked from thinking productively and deeply about mathematics. We provide several illustrative cases in which structural thinking helps to bridge the mythical chasm between conceptual and procedural approaches to teaching and learning mathematics. Finally we place our proposals in the context of how several writers in the past have attempted to explore the importance of structure in mathematics teaching and learning. (Contains 1 figure and 3 footnotes.)
JF  - Mathematics Education Research Journal
AU  - Mason, John
AU  - Stephens, Max
AU  - Watson, Anne
Y1  - 2009
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009
SP  - 10
EP  - 32
PB  - Mathematics Education Research Group of Australasia. GPO Box 2747, Adelaide SA 5001, Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: merj@merga.net.au; Web site: http://www.merga.net.au/
VL  - 21
IS  - 2
SN  - 1033-2170, 1033-2170
KW  - Australia
KW  - China
KW  - England
KW  - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE)
KW  - Secondary Education
KW  - Foreign Countries
KW  - Mathematics Instruction
KW  - Mathematical Concepts
KW  - Teaching Methods
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/742878328?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 4109 4335; 6419 5242; 10621 3227 6582; 6396
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Teacher Identification of Student Learned Helplessness in Mathematics
AN  - 742878293; EJ883874
AB  - Teachers frequently encounter students with learned helplessness who are discouraged, turned off, or have given up trying to learn mathematics. Although learned helplessness has a long history in psychology, there has been no reliable means by which mathematics teachers can identify students exhibiting these debilitating yet changeable characteristic behaviours in the classroom. The psychometrically robust Rasch calibrated "Student Behaviour Scale" consisting of ten items rated on a five point scale provides teachers with an efficient interval measure of student learned helplessness and an ordered hierarchy of these behaviours as they are manifest in mathematics classrooms. (Contains 3 tables and 1 figure.)
JF  - Mathematics Education Research Journal
AU  - Yates, Shirley
Y1  - 2009
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009
SP  - 86
EP  - 106
PB  - Mathematics Education Research Group of Australasia. <span class="hit">GPO</span> Box 2747, Adelaide SA 5001, Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: merj@merga.net.au; Web site: http://www.merga.net.au/
VL  - 21
IS  - 3
SN  - 1033-2170, 1033-2170
KW  - Australia
KW  - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE)
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Identification (Psychology)
KW  - Measures (Individuals)
KW  - Foreign Countries
KW  - Mathematics Instruction
KW  - Mathematics Achievement
KW  - Mathematics Teachers
KW  - Student Behavior
KW  - Psychometrics
KW  - Helplessness
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/742878293?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 4109 4335; 6411 96; 4696; 10183 909; 6419 5242; 8423 8422 926 9351 5964; 6447; 6422 10591 8267 3417 8016 4542 5703 4908 8917; 4956 8415
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Icelandic 5th-Grade Girls' Developmental Trajectories in Proportional Reasoning
AN  - 742876175; EJ883862
AB  - Understanding of ratio and proportion is critical to the development of higher level mathematical skills. Following Carpenter, Gomez, et al.'s (1999) proposal of a four-level trajectory in the development of proportional reasoning, a 12-week investigation was undertaken of the developmental trajectory of proportional reasoning of girls in two 5th-grade classes in Iceland. Students in these classes were accustomed to instructional practices that encouraged them to devise and explain their own solutions to mathematical problems. Results of the study confirm the learning trajectory with the addition of a further distinct level of development between Level 2 and Level 3. Results showed that girls moved easily, with minimum scaffolding, from Level 1 to 2 and from Level 2 to 3. The transition to Level 4, which involves explicit awareness of "within" and "between" multiplicative relationships, took greater time and effort. Teacher awareness of the four-level learning strategy, with the new emerging Level 3, assists in the design of appropriate problems, class structure, and teaching strategies. Building on Lamon's notions of unitizing and norming as by Carpenter et al.'s (1999) developmental model, this study contributes to our comprehension of students' understanding of proportionality and how it develops. (Contains 10 figures and 1 table.)
JF  - Mathematics Education Research Journal
AU  - Steinthorsdottir, Olof B.
AU  - Sriraman, Bharath
Y1  - 2009
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009
SP  - 6
EP  - 30
PB  - Mathematics Education Research Group of Australasia. GPO Box 2747, Adelaide SA 5001, Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: merj@merga.net.au; Web site: http://www.merga.net.au/
VL  - 21
IS  - 1
SN  - 1033-2170, 1033-2170
KW  - Iceland
KW  - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE)
KW  - Elementary Education
KW  - Grade 5
KW  - Instructional Effectiveness
KW  - Elementary School Students
KW  - Logical Thinking
KW  - Problem Solving
KW  - Algebra
KW  - Foreign Countries
KW  - Mathematical Logic
KW  - Mathematical Concepts
KW  - Females
KW  - Teaching Methods
KW  - Learning Strategies
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/742876175?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 3932 8016 4542; 5911 6582; 6396; 10621 3227 6582; 4422 5264; 3363 10278 8016 4542; 6403; 6169 1710; 8233 1710; 402 6410 5964; 5248; 4109 4335
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Reasoning with Paper and Pencil: The Role of Inscriptions in Student Learning of Geometric Series
AN  - 742875172; EJ883864
AB  - The purpose of this article is to analyse how students use inscriptions as tools for thinking and learning in mathematical problem-solving activities. The empirical context is that of learning about geometric series in a small group setting. What has been analysed is how students made use of inscriptions, self-made as well as those provided by text books and teachers, and the role these inscriptions played in the coordination of students' learning/communication. Through the use of inscriptions (made on the chalkboard and with paper and pencil), the students externalised their thinking while engaging in mathematical reasoning on the topic of geometric series. The inscriptions were significant as anchor points for arguments in the ongoing discussions. Three main issues are highlighted: (a) how the inscriptions used contribute to the process of appropriation, (b) how the students use inscriptions to externalise and clarify their ideas and attempts at meaning-making, and (c) how the inscriptions are conducive to closing the gap between the original problem as given in the text book and the mathematisation necessary. It is argued that inscriptions, through their material nature, play a decisive role in learning mathematical reasoning. (Contains 3 figures and 5 notes.)
JF  - Mathematics Education Research Journal
AU  - Carlsen, Martin
Y1  - 2009
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009
SP  - 54
EP  - 84
PB  - Mathematics Education Research Group of Australasia. GPO Box 2747, Adelaide SA 5001, Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: merj@merga.net.au; Web site: http://www.merga.net.au/
VL  - 21
IS  - 1
SN  - 1033-2170, 1033-2170
KW  - Anchor Points
KW  - Norway
KW  - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE)
KW  - Secondary Education
KW  - Thinking Skills
KW  - Foreign Countries
KW  - Geometric Concepts
KW  - Visual Aids
KW  - Student Behavior
KW  - Problem Solving
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/742875172?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 4109 4335; 4339 6396; 8233 1710; 10852 1701 1 9690; 11302; 10183 909
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Structuring Numbers 1 to 20: Developing Facile Addition and Subtraction
AN  - 742874663; EJ883868
AB  - The Numeracy Intervention Research Project (NIRP) aims to develop assessment and instructional tools for use with low-attaining 3rd- and 4th-graders. The NIRP approach to instruction in addition and subtraction in the range 1 to 20 is described. The approach is based on a notion of structuring numbers, which draws on the work of Freudenthal and the Realistic Mathematics Education program. NIRP involved 25 teachers and 300 students, 200 of whom participated in an intervention program of approximately thirty 25-minute lessons over 10 weeks. Data is drawn from case studies of two intervention students who made significant progress toward facile addition and subtraction. Pre- and post-assessment interviews and five lesson episodes are described, and data drawn from the activity of the students during the episodes are analysed. The discussion develops a detailed account of the progression of students' learning of structuring numbers, and how this can result in significant level-raising of students' arithmetical knowledge as it becomes more formalised and less context-dependent. (Contains 1 footnote.)
JF  - Mathematics Education Research Journal
AU  - Ellemor-Collins, David
AU  - Wright, Robert
Y1  - 2009
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009
SP  - 50
EP  - 75
PB  - Mathematics Education Research Group of Australasia. GPO Box 2747, Adelaide SA 5001, Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: merj@merga.net.au; Web site: http://www.merga.net.au/
VL  - 21
IS  - 2
SN  - 1033-2170, 1033-2170
KW  - Australia
KW  - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE)
KW  - Elementary Education
KW  - Grade 3
KW  - Grade 4
KW  - Elementary School Mathematics
KW  - Mathematics Instruction
KW  - Numeracy
KW  - Mathematics Achievement
KW  - Intervention
KW  - Arithmetic
KW  - Instructional Materials
KW  - Foreign Countries
KW  - Mathematical Concepts
KW  - Numbers
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/742874663?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 4109 4335; 7196; 6411 96; 3360 6416 2515 3357; 4420 5264; 4421 5264; 6419 5242; 5258 3224; 6396; 7195 10407; 610 6410 5964; 5470
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Structuring Variability by Negotiating Its Measure
AN  - 742874483; EJ883870
AB  - Although variability and structure are often considered as antonyms in many everyday settings, a mathematically disciplined view contradicts this opposition. To initiate fifth- (10 years old) and sixth-grade (11 years old) students in this disciplinary view, we engaged students in practices of modeling data. These practices included inventing and revising data displays, inventing and revising measures of centre and variability, and inventing and revising models of chance to account for variability. Here we focus on prospective correspondences between students' invented measures (statistics) of variability and those favoured by the discipline. We suggest that inventing measures positions students to transform their vision of variability from mere difference to more structured forms, some of which coordinate centre and spread. By tracing interactions among an inventor, her classmates, and the teacher, we trace how structuring variability and constituting its measure co-originated during the course of negotiations about the meaning of the measure. Consideration of the coherency, transparency and generalisability of a statistic, all of which are valued by the discipline of statistics, emerged during the course of invention. (Contains 5 figures.)
JF  - Mathematics Education Research Journal
AU  - Lehrer, Richard
AU  - Kim, Min-Joung
Y1  - 2009
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009
SP  - 116
EP  - 133
PB  - Mathematics Education Research Group of Australasia. GPO Box 2747, Adelaide SA 5001, Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: merj@merga.net.au; Web site: http://www.merga.net.au/
VL  - 21
IS  - 2
SN  - 1033-2170, 1033-2170
KW  - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE)
KW  - Grade 5
KW  - Grade 6
KW  - Statistics
KW  - Mathematics Instruction
KW  - Mathematical Concepts
KW  - Urban Schools
KW  - Teaching Methods
KW  - Measurement Techniques
KW  - Models
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/742874483?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 6419 5242; 4422 5264; 4423 5264; 6752 9651 6582; 6396; 11182 9306 5241; 10102 6410 5964; 6446 6582; 10621 3227 6582
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Learning to Reason in an Informal Math After-School Program
AN  - 742873194; EJ883871
AB  - This research was conducted during an after-school partnership between a University and school district in an economically depressed, urban area. The school population consists of 99% African American and Latino students. During the informal after-school math program, a group of 24 6th-grade students from a low socioeconomic community worked collaboratively on open-ended problems involving fractions. The students, in their problem solving discussions, coconstructed arguments and provided justifications for their solutions. In the process, they questioned, corrected, and built on each other's ideas. This paper describes the types of student reasoning that emerged in the process of justifying solutions to the problems posed. It illustrates how the students' arguments developed over time. The findings of this study indicate that, within an environment that invites exploration and collaboration, students can be engaged in defending their reasoning in both their small groups and within the larger community. In the process of justifying, they naturally build arguments that take the form of proof. (Contains 10 figures, 1 table, and 3 footnotes.)
JF  - Mathematics Education Research Journal
AU  - Mueller, Mary
AU  - Maher, Carolyn
Y1  - 2009
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009
SP  - 7
EP  - 35
PB  - Mathematics Education Research Group of Australasia. GPO Box 2747, Adelaide SA 5001, Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: merj@merga.net.au; Web site: http://www.merga.net.au/
VL  - 21
IS  - 3
SN  - 1033-2170, 1033-2170
KW  - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE)
KW  - Grade 6
KW  - Thinking Skills
KW  - Cooperative Learning
KW  - Mathematics Instruction
KW  - After School Programs
KW  - Peer Teaching
KW  - African Americans
KW  - College School Cooperation
KW  - Models
KW  - Problem Solving
KW  - Mathematical Logic
KW  - Hispanic Americans
KW  - Poverty
KW  - Urban Areas
KW  - Persuasive Discourse
KW  - Disadvantaged Youth
KW  - Mathematical Concepts
KW  - Informal Education
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/742873194?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 309 8331; 11162 4335; 6419 5242; 5130 3150; 1798 3180 2221 909 5222; 2888 2883 8016 4542 11658 316; 8058 3132 10103; 293 7160 8016 4542; 4759 7160 8016 4542; 2225 5882; 8233 1710; 6396; 7678 10621 3227 6582; 7784 8983 5752; 10852 1701 1 9690; 6403; 6752 9651 6582
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Bilingual Students Using Their Languages in the Learning of Mathematics
AN  - 742873083; EJ883872
AB  - This paper is about how immigrant bilingual students use their languages in the learning of mathematics. Our research has been with immigrant bilinguals in Catalonia, Spain, who arrived at a young age from South-American countries. We use a critical sociolinguistic approach, which draws on social theory in the analysis of how language is involved in the construction of teaching and learning opportunities. Our data point to the differences in the ways that the Spanish dominant bilingual students use their two languages during their engagement in mathematical activity. The shifts from Catalan to Spanish, and from Spanish to Catalan, coincide with shifts in the complexity of the students' mathematical practices. The students tend to use the two languages for different purposes, depending on the complexity of the mathematical practices, and in relation to different social settings that coexist within the classroom. (Contains 2 tables, 3 figures and 3 footnotes.)
JF  - Mathematics Education Research Journal
AU  - Planas, Nuria
AU  - Setati, Mamokgethi
Y1  - 2009
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009
SP  - 36
EP  - 59
PB  - Mathematics Education Research Group of Australasia. GPO Box 2747, Adelaide SA 5001, Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: merj@merga.net.au; Web site: http://www.merga.net.au/
VL  - 21
IS  - 3
SN  - 1033-2170, 1033-2170
KW  - Spain (Catalonia)
KW  - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE)
KW  - Secondary Education
KW  - Language Usage
KW  - Social Theories
KW  - Social Influences
KW  - Classroom Environment
KW  - Mathematics Instruction
KW  - Immigrants
KW  - Secondary School Students
KW  - Bilingualism
KW  - Bilingual Students
KW  - Foreign Countries
KW  - Spanish Speaking
KW  - Learning Strategies
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/742873083?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 975 10278 8016 4542; 4109 4335; 4985 6671 8016 4542; 6419 5242; 9815 10830; 978; 5911 6582; 5800; 9911 6967 8016 4542; 9769 5127; 1604 3190 3518; 9419 10278 8016 4542
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Generation of high affinity monoclonal antibodies for the prevention of HIV infection.
AN  - 67365857; 19519578
AB  - The most critical issue for the application of high affinity monoclonal antibodies is their creation. Here, we summarize the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which high affinity antibodies are generated, and then review the attempts of many investigators to create high affinity monoclonal antibodies against various target molecules. High affinity monoclonal antibodies are generated by one or a combination of the following three major methods. (1) The improvement of antibody affinity by introducing mutations in the immunoglobulin V-region genes by in vitro mutagenesis. (2) Screening many clones from a random combinatory repertoire of IgV-region genes using a phage library established in yeast or bacteria. (3) Attempting to introduce many somatic hypermutation of IgV-region genes. We summarize the advantages and applications of each of these methods including recent patents to facilitate informed individual choice. We also extend our review to the current creation of antibodies for HIV research.
JF  - Recent patents on DNA & gene sequences
AU  - Sakaguchi, Nobuo
AU  - Toda, Teppei
AU  - Nakaya, Teruo
AU  - Kitabatake, Masataka
AU  - Maeda, Kazuhiko
AU  - Kuwahara, Kazuhiko
AD  - Department of Immunology, Kumamoto University, Honjo, Japan. nobusaka@gpo.kumamoto-u.ac.jp
Y1  - 2009
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009
SP  - 88
EP  - 95
VL  - 3
IS  - 2
KW  - Antibodies, Monoclonal
KW  - 0
KW  - HIV Antibodies
KW  - Immunoglobulin Variable Region
KW  - Index Medicus
KW  - Immunoglobulin Variable Region -- genetics
KW  - Animals
KW  - Humans
KW  - Mice
KW  - Patents as Topic
KW  - HIV Antibodies -- immunology
KW  - Antibodies, Monoclonal -- metabolism
KW  - Antibodies, Monoclonal -- genetics
KW  - HIV Infections -- prevention & control
KW  - HIV Antibodies -- genetics
KW  - HIV Antibodies -- therapeutic use
KW  - Antibody Affinity
KW  - Antibodies, Monoclonal -- therapeutic use
KW  - Antibodies, Monoclonal -- immunology
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67365857?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Recent+patents+on+DNA+%26+gene+sequences&rft.atitle=Generation+of+high+affinity+monoclonal+antibodies+for+the+prevention+of+HIV+infection.&rft.au=Sakaguchi%2C+Nobuo%3BToda%2C+Teppei%3BNakaya%2C+Teruo%3BKitabatake%2C+Masataka%3BMaeda%2C+Kazuhiko%3BKuwahara%2C+Kazuhiko&rft.aulast=Sakaguchi&rft.aufirst=Nobuo&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=88&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Recent+patents+on+DNA+%26+gene+sequences&rft.issn=2212-3431&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date completed - 2009-09-17
N1  - Date created - 2009-06-12
N1  - Date revised - 2017-01-13
N1  - Last updated - 2017-01-18
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - New Innovations and Best Practices under the Workforce Investment Act: Field Hearing before the Subcommittee on Higher Education, Lifelong Learning, and Competitiveness Committee on Education and Labor, U.S. House of Representatives (May 29, 2009)
AN  - 61831681; ED507189
AB  - This paper presents the Higher Education, Lifelong Learning, and Competitiveness Subcommittee's fifth hearing in preparation for the reauthorization of the Workforce Investment Act. The last time the Workforce Investment Act reauthorized was in 1998. The Workforce Investment Act was designed to streamline and coordinate job training programs. It was supposed to provide a one stop system of workforce development that would serve workers and employers alike. After 11 years, the system is long overdue for an upgrade, and time is of the essence. Members testifying before the Committee were the Honorable Ruben Hinojosa, Chairman, Subcommittee on Higher Education, Lifelong Learning, and Competitiveness; and the Honorable Dina Titus, a Representative in Congress from the State of Nevada. Witnesses testifying before the committee were: Chris Brooks, director, Bombard Renewable Energy; Chanda Cook, director of community initiatives, Nevada Public Education Foundation; Rebecca Metty-Burns, interim director, division of workforce & economic development, College of Southern Nevada; and Brian Patchett, president and CEO, Easter Seals of Southern Nevada.
Y1  - 2009
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009
SP  - 46
PB  - US House of Representatives. , 732 North Capitol Street, Washington, DC 20401.
KW  - Workforce Investment Act 1998
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Adult Education
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Lifelong Learning
KW  - Legislators
KW  - Career Centers
KW  - Job Training
KW  - Labor Legislation
KW  - Position Papers
KW  - Program Improvement
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Best Practices
KW  - Innovation
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Competition
KW  - Labor Force Development
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61831681?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - New Innovations and Best Practices under the Workforce Investment Act: Hearing before U.S. House of Representatives Subcommittee on Higher Education, Lifelong Learning, and Competitiveness, Committee on Education and Labor (May 5, 2009)
AN  - 61830140; ED507188
AB  - This paper presents the Higher Education, Lifelong Learning, and Competitiveness Subcommittee's fourth hearing in preparation for the reauthorization of the Workforce Investment Act. As with its previous hearings, this paper focuses on new innovations and best practices that will improve the workforce development system. In this paper, attention is focused on the adult education and family literacy programs that are authorized under Title II of the Act. Members testifying before the Committee were the Honorable Brett Guthrie, Ranking Minority Member, Subcommittee on Higher Education, Lifelong Learning, and Competitiveness; and Honorable Ruben Hinojosa, Chairman, Subcommittee on Higher Education, Lifelong Learning, and Competitiveness. Witnesses testifying before the committee were: David Bere, president and chief strategy officer, Dollar General Corp.; Kathy Cooper, policy associate, Washington State Board for Community and Technical Colleges; Martin C. Finsterbusch, executive director of VALUE, Inc.; Donna Kinerney, instructional dean, Adult English for Speakers of Other Languages (ESOL) & Literacy-GED (General Educational Development) Programs, Montgomery College; Roberta Lanterman, Family Literacy; Dr. Stephen Reder, university professor and chair, Department of Applied Linguistics, Portland State University; and Gretchen Wilson, Grammy winning recording artist, GED graduate.
Y1  - 2009
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009
SP  - 63
PB  - US House of Representatives. , 732 North Capitol Street, Washington, DC 20401.
KW  - Workforce Investment Act 1998
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Adult Education
KW  - Lifelong Learning
KW  - Legislators
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Educational Improvement
KW  - Labor Legislation
KW  - Position Papers
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Best Practices
KW  - Innovation
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Family Literacy
KW  - Competition
KW  - Strategic Planning
KW  - Labor Force Development
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61830140?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Secondary Pre-Service Teachers' Use of Vee Diagrams to Analyse Problems and Illustrate Multiple Solutions
AN  - 61829351; EJ863709
AB  - This article presents data from a group of secondary pre-service teachers who used vee diagrams to illustrate their conceptual and methodological analyses of a problem, as part of a required mathematics methods course assignment. The individually constructed vee diagrams were analysed in terms of the extent to which they displayed principles and main concepts, adequately justified the mathematics applied in their multiple methods, and the appropriateness of the methods for early secondary level. Constructing vee diagrams prompted the pre-service teachers to re-package their own understanding of the mathematics embedded in the problem context, by organising the material in ways that were pedagogically meaningful, developmentally sound, and flexibly arranged to meet a range of ability levels. The vee diagrams' overall ratings indicate the degree to which pre-service teachers differentially achieved their intentions, conceptually and methodologically. Three exemplars provide further insights into the nature of responses that collectively differentiate between vee diagram types. Findings suggest vee diagrams provide a useful tool to illustrate the pre-service teachers' pedagogical intentions, understanding and interpretations of the mathematics contextualised in a problem. (Contains 6 figures and 1 table.)
JF  - Mathematics Teacher Education and Development
AU  - Afamasaga-Fuata'i, Karoline
Y1  - 2009
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009
SP  - 15
EP  - 29
PB  - Mathematics Education Research Group of Australasia. GPO Box 2747, Adelaide SA 5001, Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: mted@merga.net.au; Web site: http://www.merga.net.au/
VL  - 10
SN  - 1442-3901, 1442-3901
KW  - Australia
KW  - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE)
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Instructional Effectiveness
KW  - Illustrations
KW  - Teacher Education Curriculum
KW  - Preservice Teacher Education
KW  - Secondary School Mathematics
KW  - Methods Courses
KW  - Problem Solving
KW  - Concept Formation
KW  - Foreign Countries
KW  - Concept Mapping
KW  - Knowledge Base for Teaching
KW  - Teaching Methods
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61829351?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 8144 10507 8260 3150; 6583 10509 1765 2515 2351; 10509 1765 2515; 4977 11302; 2082 5904 1710; 2083 6582; 10621 3227 6582; 5248; 9417 9414 2515 6416; 8233 1710; 5674; 4109 4335
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - How to Feel about and Learn Mathematics: Therapeutic Intervention and Attentiveness
AN  - 61827994; EJ863712
AB  - In mathematics teacher education, tasks that centre on doing mathematics are used for a variety of purposes, including learning new mathematics. In our research, we focus on doing mathematics as a therapeutic intervention. Many pre-service teachers in our program narrate impoverished mathematics experiences. We engage pre-service elementary school teachers in non-routine problem solving and examine how this affects their experiences with mathematics. Specifically, we focus on change in affective responses as a precursor to development in mathematical thinking and as an indicator of potential changes in practice. Our study shows that doing mathematics evokes changes in how teachers think and feel about doing, learning, and teaching mathematics. (Contains 1 table and 6 footnotes.)
JF  - Mathematics Teacher Education and Development
AU  - Namukasa, Immaculate
AU  - Gadanidis, George
AU  - Cordy, Michelle
Y1  - 2009
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009
SP  - 46
EP  - 63
PB  - Mathematics Education Research Group of Australasia. GPO Box 2747, Adelaide SA 5001, Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: mted@merga.net.au; Web site: http://www.merga.net.au/
VL  - 10
SN  - 1442-3901, 1442-3901
KW  - Canada
KW  - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE)
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Foreign Countries
KW  - Mathematics Instruction
KW  - Therapy
KW  - Preservice Teacher Education
KW  - Intervention
KW  - Mathematics Teachers
KW  - Elementary School Teachers
KW  - Mathematics Education
KW  - Problem Solving
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61827994?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 4109 4335; 6422 10591 8267 3417 8016 4542 5703 4908 8917; 6419 5242; 6417 3150; 8144 10507 8260 3150; 10839; 5470; 3365 10591 8267 3417 8016 4542 5703 4908 8917; 8233 1710
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Mathematical Communications: Elementary Pre-Service Teachers' E-Mail Exchanges with Sixth Grade Students
AN  - 61827886; EJ863708
AB  - This study examines the communication between pre-service teachers and sixth grade students in a project in which email was used for communication as students learned about fractions and were supported by the pre-service teachers. Specifically, the study investigated how the pre-service teachers applied their mathematical knowledge to understand children's mathematical responses and challenged those responses and mathematical ideas. Each of the 27 pre-service teachers sent 7 to 24 reply e-mails to their sixth grade partners. Those e-mails were examined and a two-way continuum emerged in terms of how they used the voice of the discipline and their disposition to the child's voice in their response e-mails. (Contains 1 figure.)
JF  - Mathematics Teacher Education and Development
AU  - Tunc-Pekkan, Zelha
AU  - D'Ambrosio, Beatriz S.
Y1  - 2009
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009
SP  - 4
EP  - 14
PB  - Mathematics Education Research Group of Australasia. GPO Box 2747, Adelaide SA 5001, Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: mted@merga.net.au; Web site: http://www.merga.net.au/
VL  - 10
SN  - 1442-3901, 1442-3901
KW  - United States (Midwest)
KW  - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE)
KW  - Elementary Education
KW  - Grade 6
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Teacher Student Relationship
KW  - Problem Based Learning
KW  - Mathematics Instruction
KW  - Student Reaction
KW  - Aptitude Treatment Interaction
KW  - Elementary School Curriculum
KW  - Mathematics Education
KW  - Problem Solving
KW  - Arithmetic
KW  - Electronic Mail
KW  - Network Analysis
KW  - Preservice Teachers
KW  - Teacher Response
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61827886?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 6417 3150; 4423 5264; 6419 5242; 3343 2043 10680 1862 10669 1849; 8145 1806 10278 8016 4542; 610 6410 5964; 7050 6582; 10576 5449 8768; 578 5348 8768; 3357 2515; 8233 1710; 8227 5882; 10560 10486 909 8930; 10244 10183 909 8930
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Early Childhood Teachers' Professional Learning in Early Algebraic Thinking: A Model that Supports New Knowledge and Pedagogy
AN  - 61824348; EJ863711
AB  - The implementation of a new mathematics syllabus in the elementary context is problematic, especially if it contains a new content area. A professional development model, Transformative Teaching in the Early Years Mathematics (TTEYM) was specifically developed to support the implementation of the new Patterns and Algebra strand. The model was grounded in theories related to a community of practice (Lave & Wenger, 1991), a socio-constructivist perspective (Vygotsky,1962/1934) and effective models of professional development (Clarke & Hollingsworth, 2002; Guskey, 1986). This paper focuses on the effectiveness of the model as six Year 1 teachers worked in pairs developing and implementing learning experiences for three differing aspects of the Patterns and Algebra strand. The results indicate the model offered positive professional learning experiences for the six teachers and assisted them in becoming experts in their own right, especially with regard to content and pedagogical knowledge of the Patterns and Algebra strand. (Contains 3 figures.)
JF  - Mathematics Teacher Education and Development
AU  - Warren, Elizabeth
Y1  - 2009
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009
SP  - 30
EP  - 45
PB  - Mathematics Education Research Group of Australasia. GPO Box 2747, Adelaide SA 5001, Australia. Tel: +61-8-8363-0288; Fax: +61-8-8362-9288; e-mail: mted@merga.net.au; Web site: http://www.merga.net.au/
VL  - 10
SN  - 1442-3901, 1442-3901
KW  - Australia
KW  - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE)
KW  - Elementary Education
KW  - Grade 1
KW  - Elementary School Mathematics
KW  - Social Theories
KW  - Teacher Collaboration
KW  - Mathematics Instruction
KW  - Elementary School Teachers
KW  - Feedback (Response)
KW  - Models
KW  - Algebra
KW  - Foreign Countries
KW  - Pedagogical Content Knowledge
KW  - Peer Evaluation
KW  - Cooperative Planning
KW  - Faculty Development
KW  - Constructivism (Learning)
KW  - Teaching Methods
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61824348?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 2158 5913 10830; 9815 10830; 402 6410 5964; 3787 8258 5704 2787 10010; 7657 5674; 4413 5264; 3365 10591 8267 3417 8016 4542 5703 4908 8917; 6419 5242; 3360 6416 2515 3357; 10494 3180 2221 909 10486; 2226 7921; 10621 3227 6582; 6752 9651 6582; 3924 5348 8768; 7669 3626; 4109 4335
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - New Innovations and Best Practices under the Workforce Investment Act: Field Hearing before the Subcommittee on Higher Education, Lifelong Learning, and Competitiveness Committee on Education and Labor, U.S. House of Representatives (March 23, 2009)
AN  - 61824228; ED507187
AB  - The last reauthorization of the Workforce Investment Act was in 1998. To say that times have changed would be an understatement. The testimony of this hearing's witnesses shows that people have ideas and tested practices that work. They just need the resources and the sustained commitment to have a world-class workforce development system that works for those starting at the bottom rung of the career ladder as well as for those racing to the top. Members testifying before the committee were the Honorable Ruben Hinojosa, Chairman, Subcommittee on Higher Education, Lifelong Learning, and Competitiveness and Honorable Paul Tonko, a Representative in Congress from the State of New York. Witnesses testifying before the committee were: Gail B. Breen, executive director, Fulton, Montgomery, and Schoharie Counties Workforce Development Board, Inc.; Nanine Meiklejohn, senior legislative representative, American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees (AFSCME); Mario Musolino, Executive Deputy Commissioner, New York State Department of Labor; Tom Quick, human resources leader, power & water, GE Energy Infrastructure; and Joseph T. Sarubbi, executive director, Training and Education Center for Semiconductor Manufacturing and Alternative and Renewable Technologies (TEC-SMART), Hudson Valley Community College.
Y1  - 2009
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009
SP  - 56
PB  - US House of Representatives. , 732 North Capitol Street, Washington, DC 20401.
KW  - Workforce Investment Act 1998
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Adult Education
KW  - Lifelong Learning
KW  - Legislators
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Job Training
KW  - Labor Legislation
KW  - Position Papers
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Best Practices
KW  - Innovation
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Competition
KW  - Strategic Planning
KW  - Labor Force Development
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61824228?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - New Innovations and Best Practices under the Workforce Investment Act. Second Hearing before the U.S. House of Representatives Subcommittee on Higher Education, Lifelong Learning, and Competitiveness (February 26, 2009)
AN  - 61822309; ED507186
AB  - As with their first hearing, the members focused on new innovations and best practices that will improve the workforce development system. In this hearing, the witnesses share the practices that have been most successful in their experience with the workforce investment system. Members testifying before the Committee were the Honorable Brett Guthrie, Ranking Minority Member, Subcommittee on Higher Education, Lifelong Learning, and Competitiveness; Honorable Ruben Hinojosa, Chairman, Subcommittee on Higher Education, Lifelong Learning, and Competitiveness; and Honorable George Miller, Chairman, Committee on Education and Labor. Witnesses testifying before the committee were: Cheryl Keenan, Director of Adult Education and Literacy, Office of Vocational and Adult Education, U.S. Department of Education; Bob Lanter, legislative committee chairman, California Workforce Association (CWA) executive director, Contra Costa Workforce Development Board; John Morales, president, National Workforce Association; Charissa Raynor, executive director, SEIU Healthcare NW Training Partnership, on behalf of the Service Employees International Union (SEIU); George A. Scott, Director of Education, Workforce and Income Security Issues, U.S. Government Accountability Office; Kevin G. Smith, executive director, Literacy New York, Inc.; and Sandi Vito, on behalf of the National Governors Association.
Y1  - 2009
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009
SP  - 95
PB  - US House of Representatives. , 732 North Capitol Street, Washington, DC 20401.
KW  - Workforce Investment Act 1998
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Adult Education
KW  - Lifelong Learning
KW  - Legislators
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Labor Legislation
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Best Practices
KW  - Innovation
KW  - Hearings
KW  - National Security
KW  - Competition
KW  - Labor Force Development
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61822309?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - New Innovations and Best Practices under the Workforce Investment Act. Hearing before the U.S. House of Representatives, Subcommittee on Higher Education, Lifelong Learning, and Competitiveness, Committee on Education and Labor (February 12, 2009)
AN  - 61822109; ED507185
AB  - This Subcommittee on Higher Education, Lifelong Learning, and Competitiveness hearing on "New Innovations and Best Practices under the Work-force Investment Act," better known as WIA, is about the reauthorization of the Workforce Investment Act. Members testifying before the Committee were the Honorable Jason Altmire, a Representative in Congress from the State of Pennsylvania; Honorable Brett Guthrie, Ranking Minority Member, Subcommittee on Higher Education, Lifelong Learning, and Competitiveness; and Honorable Ruben Hinojosa, Chairman, Subcommittee on Higher Education, Lifelong Learning, and Competitiveness. Witnesses testifying before the committee were: Morton Bahr, president emeritus, Communications Workers of America, commissioner, National Commission on Adult Literacy; Bill Camp, Sacramento Central Labor Council, AFL-CIO; Karen R. Elzey, vice president & executive director, Institute for a Competitive Workforce, U.S. Chamber of Commerce; Yvonne Bonnie Gonzalez, chief executive officer, Workforce Solutions, Inc.; Sherry Johnson, associate director, Lincoln Trail Area Development District; and Steve Wooderson, administrator, Iowa Vocational Rehabilitation Services .
Y1  - 2009
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009
SP  - 78
PB  - US House of Representatives. , 732 North Capitol Street, Washington, DC 20401.
KW  - Workforce Investment Act 1998
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Adult Education
KW  - Lifelong Learning
KW  - Legislators
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Labor Legislation
KW  - Position Papers
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Best Practices
KW  - Innovation
KW  - Hearings
KW  - National Security
KW  - Competition
KW  - Labor Force Development
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61822109?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Literature and the Australian study of Indonesia
AN  - 60554327; 201008859
AB  - The study of Indonesian literature has formed a variable part of the curriculum in Indonesian Studies over the past five decades. Sometimes literature has been seen as the highest stage of language learning, a mirror of society, and a valuable insight into the minds and hearts of people in a way which is not otherwise readily available. At other times, literature has also been seen as irrelevant to language learning (especially communicative language learning), elitist (belonging to the court and/or the urban intelligentsia), and difficult to understand in a world dominated by the mass media. The article surveys Australian teaching and research on Indonesian literature. I will take the term Indonesian literature' in its widest sense, as including classical Malay, Javanese and Balinese literature, as well as the 'modern' literature written in Bahasa Indonesia. The paper will consider major trends and emphases over the half century; significant achievements; missed opportunities; and what Australian scholarship has contributed to literary scholarship within Australia, Indonesia, and the rest of the world. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - RIMA: Review of Indonesian and Malaysian Affairs
AU  - Aveling, Harry
AD  - Ohio University and an Adjunct Professor in the School of Social Sciences, Latrobe University H.Aveling@latrobe.edu.au
Y1  - 2009///0,
PY  - 2009
DA  - 0, 2009
SP  - 35
EP  - 50
PB  - RIMA, GPO Box 1820, Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
VL  - 43
IS  - 1
SN  - 0815-7251, 0815-7251
KW  - Indonesian studies, literature, Australian academy
KW  - Literature
KW  - Curriculum
KW  - Intelligentsia
KW  - Indonesia
KW  - Australia
KW  - Scholarship
KW  - article
KW  - 9003: history and theory; political theories and philosophy
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60554327?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=RIMA%3A+Review+of+Indonesian+and+Malaysian+Affairs&rft.atitle=Literature+and+the+Australian+study+of+Indonesia&rft.au=Aveling%2C+Harry&rft.aulast=Aveling&rft.aufirst=Harry&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=35&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=RIMA%3A+Review+of+Indonesian+and+Malaysian+Affairs&rft.issn=08157251&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Number of references - 45
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Australia; Indonesia; Scholarship; Intelligentsia; Literature; Curriculum
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Rolled up Bugis stories: marriage advice and the tale of the parakeet
AN  - 60525164; 201011976
AB  - An important Bugis manuscript held in the National library of Indonesia is described. It consists of a roll of narrow lontar strips inscribed with a single line of characters and stitched together. Particular features of the script are discussed and illustrated. The text comprises various materials related to a published nineteenth century poem known as Sure' Baweng (The tale of the parakeet) along with some information about an old 20-day calendrical system and its use in divining the fortunes of a marriage. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - RIMA: Review of Indonesian and Malaysian Affairs
AU  - Tol, Roger
AD  - Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land-en Volkenkunde (Royal Netherlands Institute of Southeast Asian and Caribbean Studies tol@kitlv.nl
Y1  - 2009///0,
PY  - 2009
DA  - 0, 2009
SP  - 189
EP  - 208
PB  - RIMA, GPO Box 1820, Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
VL  - 43
IS  - 1
SN  - 0815-7251, 0815-7251
KW  - Indonesia manuscripts, Bugis literature, Bugis script, Matthes
KW  - Libraries
KW  - Indonesia
KW  - Marriage
KW  - Nineteenth Century
KW  - article
KW  - 9221: politics and society; politics and society
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60525164?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=RIMA%3A+Review+of+Indonesian+and+Malaysian+Affairs&rft.atitle=Rolled+up+Bugis+stories%3A+marriage+advice+and+the+tale+of+the+parakeet&rft.au=Tol%2C+Roger&rft.aulast=Tol&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=189&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=RIMA%3A+Review+of+Indonesian+and+Malaysian+Affairs&rft.issn=08157251&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Number of references - 20
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marriage; Libraries; Indonesia; Nineteenth Century
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Has gender analysis been mainstreamed in the study of Indonesian politics?
AN  - 60524599; 201011635
AB  - More than twenty years ago I and a number of other Australian scholars joined together to hold a conference at Monash University entitled Why gender matters in Southeast Asian polities', in protest at the neglect of gender in earlier conferences, particularly on Indonesia. Maila Stivens later put together a book with that title from some of our papers. Two decades on, I will review the field again as far as Indonesia is concerned and ask questions including: are mainstream books on Indonesian politics now giving adequate and appropriate attention to gender? One of the striking features of our earlier debate was that mainstream politics books made no mention of gender and most of us who pointed this out were not ourselves from the politics discipline: there seemed to be an inbuilt neglect of gender within political science, especially relating to Indonesia. Has the discipline changed? What works have been published on gender in Indonesian politics and what new insights into Indonesian politics do they provide? There is room for books on gender and Indonesian politics. I have written one, but more remains to be done and I will make some suggestions as to how. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - RIMA: Review of Indonesian and Malaysian Affairs
AU  - Blackburn, Susan
AD  - School of Political and Social Inquiry, Monash University Susan.Blackburn@arts.monash.edu.au
Y1  - 2009///0,
PY  - 2009
DA  - 0, 2009
SP  - 129
EP  - 146
PB  - RIMA, GPO Box 1820, Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
VL  - 43
IS  - 1
SN  - 0815-7251, 0815-7251
KW  - Indonesian studies, political science, gender
KW  - Political Factors
KW  - Indonesia
KW  - Political Science Research
KW  - Sex
KW  - article
KW  - 9221: politics and society; politics and society
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60524599?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=RIMA%3A+Review+of+Indonesian+and+Malaysian+Affairs&rft.atitle=Has+gender+analysis+been+mainstreamed+in+the+study+of+Indonesian+politics%3F&rft.au=Blackburn%2C+Susan&rft.aulast=Blackburn&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=129&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=RIMA%3A+Review+of+Indonesian+and+Malaysian+Affairs&rft.issn=08157251&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Number of references - 17
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sex; Political Factors; Indonesia; Political Science Research
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - From the ramparts of Fort Victoria: knowing Indonesia through a distant mirror
AN  - 60506712; 201008889
AB  - This paper arises from my longstanding attempt to understand Indonesia from an unusual standpoint. Many historians have sought to write regional histories, but explicitly or otherwise, such histories have usually been sympathetic to, or even part of, the Indonesian nationalist enterprise, even when based on colonial sources. Using examples from Ambon and Papua, this paper will argue that regional histories not only provide insights into particular regional societies, but also, by peering over the shoulders of the Papuan and Ambonese elites, facilitate more complex understanding about the making of independent Indonesia and the processes through which peoples throughout the Netherlands Indies came to think of themselves as Indonesians. It will examine the debates among Ambonese and Papuans about whether and in what ways they thought of themselves as Indonesians and whether they wanted their homelands to be part of Indonesia. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - RIMA: Review of Indonesian and Malaysian Affairs
AU  - Chauvel, Richard
AD  - Victoria University, Melbourne Richard.Chauvel@vu.edu.au
Y1  - 2009///0,
PY  - 2009
DA  - 0, 2009
SP  - 165
EP  - 187
PB  - RIMA, GPO Box 1820, Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
VL  - 43
IS  - 1
SN  - 0815-7251, 0815-7251
KW  - Indonesian studies, history-writing, Papua, Ambon, elites, regional histories
KW  - Indonesia
KW  - Historians
KW  - Netherlands
KW  - article
KW  - 9003: history and theory; political theories and philosophy
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60506712?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=RIMA%3A+Review+of+Indonesian+and+Malaysian+Affairs&rft.atitle=From+the+ramparts+of+Fort+Victoria%3A+knowing+Indonesia+through+a+distant+mirror&rft.au=Chauvel%2C+Richard&rft.aulast=Chauvel&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=165&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=RIMA%3A+Review+of+Indonesian+and+Malaysian+Affairs&rft.issn=08157251&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Number of references - 27
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Indonesia; Netherlands; Historians
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - 'Hypersexed' youth and the new Muslim sexology in Java, Indonesia
AN  - 60498067; 201011958
AB  - The greater freedom to publish in Indonesia since 1998 has produced challenges to religious authority from new Muslim intellectuals, lip Wijayanto has published a series of books on the sexual lives of young people which have generated a firestorm of controversy. The rise to prominence of this young Muslim preacher and self-proclaimed Islamic sexologist reveals much about the religious and sexual transition underway among Indonesian Muslims and the emergence of new Muslim middle-class subjectivities. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - RIMA: Review of Indonesian and Malaysian Affairs
AU  - Smith-Hefner, Nancy J
AD  - Department of Anthropology at Boston University in Boston, Massachusetts, USA ,bu.edu smhefner@
Y1  - 2009///0,
PY  - 2009
DA  - 0, 2009
SP  - 209
EP  - 244
PB  - RIMA, <span class="hit">GPO</span> Box 1820, Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
VL  - 43
IS  - 1
SN  - 0815-7251, 0815-7251
KW  - Indonesian youth, Muslim sexology, Indonesian literature, lip Wijayanto
KW  - Intellectuals
KW  - Indonesia
KW  - Freedom
KW  - Disputes
KW  - Youth
KW  - Muslims
KW  - article
KW  - 9221: politics and society; politics and society
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60498067?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=RIMA%3A+Review+of+Indonesian+and+Malaysian+Affairs&rft.atitle=%27Hypersexed%27+youth+and+the+new+Muslim+sexology+in+Java%2C+Indonesia&rft.au=Smith-Hefner%2C+Nancy+J&rft.aulast=Smith-Hefner&rft.aufirst=Nancy&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=209&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=RIMA%3A+Review+of+Indonesian+and+Malaysian+Affairs&rft.issn=08157251&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Number of references - 71
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Muslims; Indonesia; Freedom; Disputes; Youth; Intellectuals
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Indonesian Studies at the Australian National University: why so late?
AN  - 60492704; 201009083
AB  - The Australian National University was founded in 1948 to develop 'subjects of national importance to Australia.' Its Research School of Pacific Studies was intended specifically to make good the ignorance of the areas to Australia's north which had proved costly during the Pacific War. In Melbourne there were a few people like Herb Feith, mostly students of MacMahon Ball, who immediately saw the challenge of Indonesia. The question that needs answering is why the mandate of ANU did not produce a school or centre of Southeast Asian Studies, or even much significant individual scholarship on Indonesia, until the late 1960s. Why did Australia not build in the twenty years after the war anything remotely comparable to the Centres the Americans established at Cornell, Yale, Michigan, Wisconsin and Berkeley? How, nevertheless, did the ANU gradually find its way to becoming a centre without a Centre. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - RIMA: Review of Indonesian and Malaysian Affairs
AU  - Reid, Anthony
AD  - College of Asia and the Pacific, Australian National University anthony.reid@anu.edu.au
Y1  - 2009///0,
PY  - 2009
DA  - 0, 2009
SP  - 51
EP  - 74
PB  - RIMA, GPO Box 1820, Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
VL  - 43
IS  - 1
SN  - 0815-7251, 0815-7251
KW  - Indonesian studies, Australian National University, Research School of Pacific Studies, JW Davidson, Heinz Arndt
KW  - War
KW  - Indonesia
KW  - Australia
KW  - Wisconsin
KW  - Students
KW  - Universities
KW  - article
KW  - 9003: history and theory; political theories and philosophy
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60492704?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=RIMA%3A+Review+of+Indonesian+and+Malaysian+Affairs&rft.atitle=Indonesian+Studies+at+the+Australian+National+University%3A+why+so+late%3F&rft.au=Reid%2C+Anthony&rft.aulast=Reid&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=51&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=RIMA%3A+Review+of+Indonesian+and+Malaysian+Affairs&rft.issn=08157251&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Number of references - 22
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Australia; Universities; War; Indonesia; Students; Wisconsin
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Encountering Indonesia as a student, then and now
AN  - 60360110; 201011417
AB  - 'Why aren't there any Australian Indonesianists today like those of the past?' an Indonesian friend asked me recently. By 'those of the past' he explained that he meant people retiring about now. The question further stimulated thoughts I had been having about the study of Indonesia then and now, and differences in the experiences of academics and students over the years. There are certainly few Feith-like unravelling brown jumpers among contemporary lecturers. There are no students bumbling off to Indonesia by boat after security concerns have stopped fights from Australia, as a class-mate and I did in late 1965. But what might be some of the deeper dimensions of change? What kind of students are choosing to study Indonesian language and culture and where are they headed? How is undergraduate teaching and learning and postgraduate study affected by institutional insistence on 'strategic' choices in terms of time allocation, research topics and publishing outlets? Organised in-country study programs, particularly those provided by the ACICIS consortium, allow more extended, targeted encounters than the wanderings of the students of my time. What has been the impact of such developments? Where have the graduates of these new programs gone, to what extent are they pursuing Indonesia-related careers? Might a new guard of 'Indonesianists' be emerging from their ranks, or is the term itself perhaps no longer meaningful? Adapted from the source document.
JF  - RIMA: Review of Indonesian and Malaysian Affairs
AU  - Hatley, Barbara
AD  - University of Tasmania Barbara.Hatley@utas.edu.au
Y1  - 2009///0,
PY  - 2009
DA  - 0, 2009
SP  - 95
EP  - 103
PB  - RIMA, GPO Box 1820, Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
VL  - 43
IS  - 1
SN  - 0815-7251, 0815-7251
KW  - Indonesian studies, Australian academy, Australian Consortium for In-Country Indonesian Study (ACICIS), memoir
KW  - Learning
KW  - Time Utilization
KW  - Careers
KW  - Indonesia
KW  - Australia
KW  - Students
KW  - article
KW  - 0207: sociology: history and theory; theories, ideas, & systems
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60360110?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=RIMA%3A+Review+of+Indonesian+and+Malaysian+Affairs&rft.atitle=Encountering+Indonesia+as+a+student%2C+then+and+now&rft.au=Hatley%2C+Barbara&rft.aulast=Hatley&rft.aufirst=Barbara&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=95&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=RIMA%3A+Review+of+Indonesian+and+Malaysian+Affairs&rft.issn=08157251&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Sociological Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Number of references - 1
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Students; Indonesia; Australia; Careers; Learning; Time Utilization
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Anthropology of Indonesia in Australia: the politics of knowledge
AN  - 60343136; 201012407
AB  - In its early development, the focus of Australian anthropology reflected the nation's colonial interests - Indigenous Australia and Papua New Guinea (PNG) - but today there is a strong body of anthropologists of Indonesia in Australia and many of the new generation of Indonesian anthropologists are being trained here. Why did it take Australian anthropology so long to discover the peoples of the Indonesian archipelago as suitable 'objects of enquiry'? An important event was the establishment of Research School of Pacific Studies (RSPacS) at The Australian National University (ANU), with a charter to provide research support for Australia's management of regional relationships after World War II. The inclusion of anthropology as a critical founding discipline in RSPacS challenged the presumptions of 'pure science' that had underpinned the establishment of Australia's oldest anthropology department at the University of Sydney. From the 1960s, the RSPacS department actively sought to establish links with Indonesian anthropology. The expansion of universities in Australia in the 1960s saw a rapid increase in the number of university anthropology departments, and a diversification in the scope of the discipline. While the politics of Australia's regional relations post-World War II are significant in the slow embrace of the peoples of Indonesia as research subjects, of equal importance were the shifts in the paradigms of the discipline. While the roots of Australian anthropology were in British social anthropology (characterised by structural-functionalist explanations of society), new paradigms emerging form American anthropology, especially the acknowledgement of 'peasant societies' as suitable objects of study, brought the peoples of Indonesia into anthropological focus. The Cold War emphasis on area studies was also significant in this shift. This paper follows the development of the anthropology of Indonesia in Australia until it became firmly established by the early 1980s, and with brief reference to its current (2009) state. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - RIMA: Review of Indonesian and Malaysian Affairs
AU  - Robinson, Kathryn
AD  - Department of Anthropology, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University kathryn.robinson@anu.edu.au
Y1  - 2009///0,
PY  - 2009
DA  - 0, 2009
SP  - 7
EP  - 33
PB  - RIMA, GPO Box 1820, Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
VL  - 43
IS  - 1
SN  - 0815-7251, 0815-7251
KW  - Indonesian anthropology, Australian universities, history of anthropology
KW  - Social Anthropology
KW  - Politics
KW  - Indonesia
KW  - Australia
KW  - Universities
KW  - Anthropologists
KW  - article
KW  - 0514: culture and social structure; social anthropology
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60343136?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=RIMA%3A+Review+of+Indonesian+and+Malaysian+Affairs&rft.atitle=Anthropology+of+Indonesia+in+Australia%3A+the+politics+of+knowledge&rft.au=Robinson%2C+Kathryn&rft.aulast=Robinson&rft.aufirst=Kathryn&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=7&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=RIMA%3A+Review+of+Indonesian+and+Malaysian+Affairs&rft.issn=08157251&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Sociological Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Number of references - 36
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Australia; Indonesia; Universities; Social Anthropology; Politics; Anthropologists
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Knowing Indonesia from afar: Indonesian exiles and Australian academics
AN  - 60340685; 201012138
AB  - The change in Indonesian politics in 1965-6 trapped many hundreds, if not thousands, of Indonesian leftists abroad. Moving around as international alignments shifted, these exiles lobbied, wrote and published a wide range of material. This paper tentatively broaches a collective silence about Indonesian political exiles. It poses the curious question of why so little attention was directed at exilic communities when their existence was relatively common knowledge amongst Australian Indonesianists. Instead, Indonesian exiles and Australian academics maintained very separate perspectives, while both 'knowing Indonesia' from afar. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - RIMA: Review of Indonesian and Malaysian Affairs
AU  - Hill, David T
AD  - Asia Research Centre, Murdoch University, Western Australia dthill@tnurdoch.edu.au
Y1  - 2009///0,
PY  - 2009
DA  - 0, 2009
SP  - 147
EP  - 164
PB  - RIMA, GPO Box 1820, Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
VL  - 43
IS  - 1
SN  - 0815-7251, 0815-7251
KW  - Indonesian studies, Australian academy, political exiles, Australia-Indonesia relations
KW  - Left Wing Politics
KW  - Politics
KW  - Indonesia
KW  - Political Defection
KW  - Australia
KW  - Silence
KW  - article
KW  - 0491: group interactions; refugees
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60340685?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=RIMA%3A+Review+of+Indonesian+and+Malaysian+Affairs&rft.atitle=Knowing+Indonesia+from+afar%3A+Indonesian+exiles+and+Australian+academics&rft.au=Hill%2C+David+T&rft.aulast=Hill&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=147&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=RIMA%3A+Review+of+Indonesian+and+Malaysian+Affairs&rft.issn=08157251&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Sociological Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Number of references - 56
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Political Defection; Australia; Indonesia; Silence; Left Wing Politics; Politics
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Strangers in the house: Dutch historiography and Anglophone trespassers
AN  - 60338123; 201011692
AB  - Since George McTurin Kahin's landmark history of the Indonesian revolution, Australian-American Indonesian historiography has studiously avoided (with a very few notable exceptions) Dutch history writing on Indonesia. Until relatively recently it seems that a rather impervious linguistic and what might be loosely termed, postcolonialist, barrier has existed separating the two. The stand-off, if such it is, has been mutual with one venerable Dutch scholar suggesting laconically in a Dutch language publication little over a decade ago that: American and Australian historians sometimes demonstrate an insufficient recognition of the problematical aspects of the Indocentric perspective.' In examining post-war, Dutch language historiography of the colonial-era, this paper aims to provide perspective on the historical gap separating 'post-imperial' and postcolonial writing in these two traditions. It identifies key themes and figures and the role of institutional structures in the perpetuation of Dutch colonialist historiographical traditions that explain its reception of post-war theoretical and substantive Anglophone preoccupations in this field The article concludes with a consideration of more recent trends in both 'camps' that provides evidence of a growing convergence between the two bodies of historiography and the factors contributing to this more recent mutual reassessment. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - RIMA: Review of Indonesian and Malaysian Affairs
AU  - Cote, Joost
AD  - Southeast Asian History, Deakin University joost.cote@deakin.edu.au
Y1  - 2009///0,
PY  - 2009
DA  - 0, 2009
SP  - 75
EP  - 94
PB  - RIMA, GPO Box 1820, Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
VL  - 43
IS  - 1
SN  - 0815-7251, 0815-7251
KW  - Indonesian studies, historiography, Australian academy, Dutch scholarship
KW  - Constraints
KW  - Indonesia
KW  - Decolonization
KW  - Historiography
KW  - Historians
KW  - Netherlands
KW  - article
KW  - 0285: sociology: history and theory; comparative & historical sociology
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60338123?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=RIMA%3A+Review+of+Indonesian+and+Malaysian+Affairs&rft.atitle=Strangers+in+the+house%3A+Dutch+historiography+and+Anglophone+trespassers&rft.au=Cote%2C+Joost&rft.aulast=Cote&rft.aufirst=Joost&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=RIMA%3A+Review+of+Indonesian+and+Malaysian+Affairs&rft.issn=08157251&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Sociological Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Number of references - 36
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Netherlands; Historiography; Decolonization; Constraints; Indonesia; Historians
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Is gender still off the agenda? Involvement and visibility of women at Indonesian studies conferences in Australia
AN  - 60337421; 201016413
AB  - This article aims to stimulate discussion about the poor representation of women as invited speakers at Indonesian studies conferences in Australia in recent years. The article compares the gender ratios at conferences where speakers are invited by the organising panel and where speakers offer papers. To examine whether more women speakers could be found for conferences, the paper also looks at gender ratios of the authors of published academic work about Indonesia; as well as gender composition of researchers, lecturers and recent graduates in the field of Indonesian studies in Australia; and gives a broad-brush picture of the topics they are studying. Finally, ways of improving the gender balance at 'invited-paper' conferences are suggested. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - RIMA: Review of Indonesian and Malaysian Affairs
AU  - Pausacker, Helen
AD  - Asian Law Centre, University of Melbourne h.pausacher@unimelb.edu.au
Y1  - 2009///0,
PY  - 2009
DA  - 0, 2009
SP  - 105
EP  - 127
PB  - RIMA, GPO Box 1820, Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
VL  - 43
IS  - 1
SN  - 0815-7251, 0815-7251
KW  - Indonesian studies, Australian academy, gender balance, women, conferences
KW  - Indonesia
KW  - Australia
KW  - Females
KW  - Sex
KW  - article
KW  - 2983: feminist/gender studies; sociology of gender & gender relations
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60337421?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=RIMA%3A+Review+of+Indonesian+and+Malaysian+Affairs&rft.atitle=Is+gender+still+off+the+agenda%3F+Involvement+and+visibility+of+women+at+Indonesian+studies+conferences+in+Australia&rft.au=Pausacker%2C+Helen&rft.aulast=Pausacker&rft.aufirst=Helen&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=105&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=RIMA%3A+Review+of+Indonesian+and+Malaysian+Affairs&rft.issn=08157251&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Sociological Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Number of references - 29
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sex; Females; Australia; Indonesia
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Ways of knowing Indonesia: perspectives from the Australian academy
AN  - 60335230; 201011556
AB  - Abstract not available.
JF  - RIMA: Review of Indonesian and Malaysian Affairs
AU  - Purdey, Jemma
AD  - Centre for Southeast Asian Studies, School of Political and Social Inquiry, Monash University jemma.purdey@adm.monash.edu.au
Y1  - 2009///0,
PY  - 2009
DA  - 0, 2009
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
PB  - RIMA, <span class="hit">GPO</span> Box 1820, Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
VL  - 43
IS  - 1
SN  - 0815-7251, 0815-7251
KW  - Social Science Research
KW  - Indonesia
KW  - Knowledge
KW  - article
KW  - 0207: sociology: history and theory; theories, ideas, & systems
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60335230?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=RIMA%3A+Review+of+Indonesian+and+Malaysian+Affairs&rft.atitle=Ways+of+knowing+Indonesia%3A+perspectives+from+the+Australian+academy&rft.au=Purdey%2C+Jemma&rft.aulast=Purdey&rft.aufirst=Jemma&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=RIMA%3A+Review+of+Indonesian+and+Malaysian+Affairs&rft.issn=08157251&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Sociological Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-05
N1  - Number of references - 13
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Indonesia; Knowledge; Social Science Research
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Tao of Serials: 101 Things Non-Catalogers Should Know about Serials... or is it Continuing Resources?
AN  - 57751923; 200906845
AB  - Serial catalog records must be interpreted and understood by a wide variety of catalog users: collection development, acquisitions, public services staff patrons, and even catalogers themselves. This NASIG preconference workshop covered past and current cataloging rules as well as how the applications of these rules are recorded in the MARC 21 format. Key MARC fields were explained, and the presenters demonstrated how some OPACs handle serials-specific information to either the benefit or detriment of catalog users. Also discussed was the expanded definition of continuing resources and how the application of this definition affects cataloging decisions. New standards for next generation catalogs will need to take into account the FRBR (Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records) conceptual model as well as the development of other metadata content and communication standards beyond both AACR2 and MARC 21. Adapted from the source document. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - The Serials Librarian Serials Librarian
AU  - Reynolds, Regina
AU  - Chesler, Marla Whitney
AU  - Beck, Melissa
AD  - National Serials Data Program, the U.S. ISSN Center of the Library of Congress
Y1  - 2009/01//
PY  - 2009
DA  - January 2009
SP  - 44
EP  - 53
PB  - Taylor & Francis, Philadelphia PA
VL  - 56
IS  - 1-4
SN  - 0361-526X, 0361-526X
KW  - Serials cataloging, continuing resources, integrating resources, AACR2, MARC 21, FRBR
KW  - Cataloguing rules
KW  - Serials
KW  - article
KW  - 12.13: CATALOGUING RULES
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57751923?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Alisa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Serials+Librarian+Serials+Librarian&rft.atitle=The+Tao+of+Serials%3A+101+Things+Non-Catalogers+Should+Know+about+Serials...+or+is+it+Continuing+Resources%3F&rft.au=Reynolds%2C+Regina%3BChesler%2C+Marla+Whitney%3BBeck%2C+Melissa&rft.aulast=Reynolds&rft.aufirst=Regina&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=44&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Serials+Librarian+Serials+Librarian&rft.issn=0361526X&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Library & Information Science Abstracts (LISA)
N1  - Date revised - 2009-07-06
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-27
N1  - CODEN - SELID4
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cataloguing rules; Serials
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - NDIIPP Models for Mass Data Transmission and Storage
AN  - 57745294; 200907877
AB  - Preservation of digital content into the future will rely on the ability of institutions to provide robust system infrastructures that leverage the use of distributed and shared services and tools. The academic, nonprofit, and government entities that make up the National Digital Information Infrastructure and Preservation Program (NDIIPP) partner network have been working toward an architecture that can provide for reliable redundant geographically dispersed copies of their digital content. The NDIIPP program has conducted a set of initiatives that have enabled partners to better understand the requirements for effective collection interchange. The NDIIPP program partnered with the San Diego Supercomputer Center (SDSC) to determine the feasibility of data transmission and storage utilizing the best of breed technologies inherent to U.S. high-speed research networks and high-performance computing data storage infrastructures. The results of this partnership guided the development of the Library of Congress's cyber infrastructure and its approach to network data transfer. Other NDLIPP partners, too, are researching a range of network architecture models for data exchange and storage. All of these explorations will build toward the development of best practices for sustainable interoperability and storage solutions. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - Library Trends
AU  - Ashenfelder, Mike
AU  - Boyko, Andy
AU  - Mandelbaum, Jane
AU  - Minor, David
AU  - McDonald, Robert
AU  - Moore, Richard
AD  - Office of Strategic Initiative, Library Congress
Y1  - 2009/01//
PY  - 2009
DA  - January 2009
SP  - 541
EP  - 555
PB  - Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore MD
VL  - 57
IS  - 3
SN  - 0024-2594, 0024-2594
KW  - Data transmission
KW  - Computerized information storage and retrieval
KW  - Preservation
KW  - Digitization
KW  - article
KW  - 13.0: COMPUTERIZED INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57745294?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Alisa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Library+Trends&rft.atitle=NDIIPP+Models+for+Mass+Data+Transmission+and+Storage&rft.au=Ashenfelder%2C+Mike%3BBoyko%2C+Andy%3BMandelbaum%2C+Jane%3BMinor%2C+David%3BMcDonald%2C+Robert%3BMoore%2C+Richard&rft.aulast=Ashenfelder&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=541&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Library+Trends&rft.issn=00242594&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/
LA  - English
DB  - Library & Information Science Abstracts (LISA)
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-03
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-27
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Computerized information storage and retrieval; Data transmission; Preservation; Digitization
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - NDIIPP Partner Perspectives on Economic Sustainability
AN  - 57730085; 200907727
AB  - This article presents results from the National Digital Information Infrastructure and Preservation Program (NDIIPP) Digital Preservation Sustainability Working Group survey, conducted in 2007. The Library of Congress initiated the working group to gather information about significant issues relating to the economic sustainability of activities that support digital stewardship. The group decided the most useful method to collect information was through a series of structured telephone interviews involving several open-ended questions. Eleven NDHPP partners were invited to participate. Interviews gathered qualitative information about a variety of economic sustainability issues, including developing business cases, implementing business models, measuring costs, and developing a stable economic basis for digital preservation programs. Survey results revealed a mix of consensus and division on various issues and shed interesting light upon the sustainability of preservation programs generally. The article provides an overview of the survey and its methodology, categorizes the responses, and draws some high-level conclusions. While the survey results should be viewed within the context of NDIIPP, they may be useful for archives, libraries, and other preservation institutions as they consider economic sustainability issues. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - Library Trends
AU  - LeFurgy, William G
AD  - Digital Initiatives for the Library of Congress, National Digital Information Infrastructure and Preservation Program
Y1  - 2009/01//
PY  - 2009
DA  - January 2009
SP  - 413
EP  - 426
PB  - Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore MD
VL  - 57
IS  - 3
SN  - 0024-2594, 0024-2594
KW  - Economic development
KW  - Preservation
KW  - Digitization
KW  - article
KW  - 9.15: TECHNICAL SERVICES - PRESERVATION
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57730085?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Alisa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Library+Trends&rft.atitle=NDIIPP+Partner+Perspectives+on+Economic+Sustainability&rft.au=LeFurgy%2C+William+G&rft.aulast=LeFurgy&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=413&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Library+Trends&rft.issn=00242594&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/
LA  - English
DB  - Library & Information Science Abstracts (LISA)
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-03
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-27
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Preservation; Digitization; Economic development
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Journal Title Display and Citation Practices
AN  - 57702555; 200906567
AB  - In this tactics session two Library of Congress catalogers and one former Library of Congress cataloger discussed how metadata issues with journal title presentation on provider and publisher websites can be problematic. Through a series of examples, the speakers demonstrated how lack of metadata and citation practices result in users not finding content and libraries not getting access to content for which they paid. Reactions from publishers and attendees were welcomed with the goal of enhancing communication among stakeholders and generating interest to form a collaborative effort in establishing a NISO working group to develop best practices with journal title display and citation practice. Adapted from the source document. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - The Serials Librarian Serials Librarian
AU  - Hawkins, Les
AU  - Reynolds, Regina
AU  - Shadle, Steven C
AU  - England, Deberah
AD  - Library of Congress
Y1  - 2009/01//
PY  - 2009
DA  - January 2009
SP  - 271
EP  - 281
PB  - Taylor & Francis, Philadelphia PA
VL  - 56
IS  - 1-4
SN  - 0361-526X, 0361-526X
KW  - Metadata, journal title display, citation practices, NISO, publisher websites, best practices
KW  - Electronic periodicals
KW  - Citations
KW  - Metadata
KW  - article
KW  - 5.18: ELECTRONIC MEDIA
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57702555?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Alisa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Serials+Librarian+Serials+Librarian&rft.atitle=Journal+Title+Display+and+Citation+Practices&rft.au=Hawkins%2C+Les%3BReynolds%2C+Regina%3BShadle%2C+Steven+C%3BEngland%2C+Deberah&rft.aulast=Hawkins&rft.aufirst=Les&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=271&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Serials+Librarian+Serials+Librarian&rft.issn=0361526X&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Library & Information Science Abstracts (LISA)
N1  - Date revised - 2009-07-06
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-27
N1  - CODEN - SELID4
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Electronic periodicals; Metadata; Citations
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Global Legal Information Network: An Interview with Donna Scheeder
AN  - 57684047; 200903904
AB  - The Global Legal Information Network (GLIN) is an excellent example of an information resource for the global legal community and presents valuable lessons for cross-cultural digitization projects beyond the topic area of law. GLIN (www.glin.gov) is described as a public database of official texts of laws, regulations, judicial decisions, and other complementary legal sources contributed by governmental agencies and international organizations. GLIN is a global, intergovernmental, nonprofit, multilingual, and cooperative organization that has some fifty member countries as of September 2008. Countries in the cooperative have agreed to enter their laws and other legal material, including judicial decisions, legislative records, and other legal writings, into a common database, according to agreed upon standards. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - Online
AU  - Ojala, Marydee
AD  - Law Library Services, Law Library of Congress dsch@loc.gov
Y1  - 2009/01//
PY  - 2009
DA  - January 2009
SP  - 14
EP  - 17
PB  - Information Today Inc, Medford, NJ
VL  - 33
IS  - 1
SN  - 0146-5422, 0146-5422
KW  - Law
KW  - Online data bases
KW  - article
KW  - 13.23: ONLINE DATABASES
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57684047?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Alisa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Online&rft.atitle=Global+Legal+Information+Network%3A+An+Interview+with+Donna+Scheeder&rft.au=Ojala%2C+Marydee&rft.aulast=Ojala&rft.aufirst=Marydee&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=14&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Online&rft.issn=01465422&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Library & Information Science Abstracts (LISA)
N1  - Date revised - 2015-06-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-27
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Online data bases; Law
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Comparison in attitudes between nursing and other students in relation to containment measures for disturbed psychiatric patients
AN  - 57280077; 200907035
AB  - Aim The aim of this study was to compare university student attitudes to containment with that of psychiatric students. Background Nurses face the potential for aggression and violence in everyday psychiatric nursing practice and as such are by necessity required to employ measures that contain and control patients with difficult or destructive behaviours. Method The attitudes to containment methods questionnaire was employed to gather data from a sample of non-nursing students (n = 117) and student psychiatric nurses (n = 114) at a UK University between May and September 2002. Data were analysed in SPSS using multivariate analysis of variance. Results Significant differences on attitudes to containment measures for the non-nursing students were found for gender, age and if the respondent had known anyone who had been a patient on a psychiatric ward. There was greater approval of physical restraint, IM medication, mechanical restraint and net beds by male respondents who were also more likely to consider containment methods acceptable and dignified. The non-nursing sample approved significantly less of PRN medication and significantly more of mechanical restraint and net beds than the student nurses. Conclusion The views of non-nursing students differed significantly, indicating the presence of stereotypical negative views about nurses' level of responsibility in providing medical care; a greater acceptance of containment methods considered abhorrent by nursing students; and in contradiction, a lesser approval of the more severe methods of containment that are in current use. [Copyright Elsevier Ltd.]
JF  - Nurse Education Today
AU  - Muir-Cochrane, Eimear
AU  - Bowers, Len
AU  - Jeffery, Debra
AD  - Chair of Nursing (Mental Health Nursing), School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide SA 5001, Australia
Y1  - 2009/01//
PY  - 2009
DA  - January 2009
SP  - 83
EP  - 90
PB  - Elsevier Ltd, Amsterdam The Netherlands
VL  - 29
IS  - 1
SN  - 0260-6917, 0260-6917
KW  - Nursing Quantitative Questionnaire Mental health Restraint
KW  - Mentally ill people
KW  - Attitudes
KW  - Nursing
KW  - Restraints
KW  - Containment
KW  - Undergraduate students
KW  - article
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57280077?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aassia&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nurse+Education+Today&rft.atitle=Comparison+in+attitudes+between+nursing+and+other+students+in+relation+to+containment+measures+for+disturbed+psychiatric+patients&rft.au=Muir-Cochrane%2C+Eimear%3BBowers%2C+Len%3BJeffery%2C+Debra&rft.aulast=Muir-Cochrane&rft.aufirst=Eimear&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nurse+Education+Today&rft.issn=02606917&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.nedt.2008.07.002
LA  - English
DB  - Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA)
N1  - Date revised - 2009-04-08
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-27
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Containment; Attitudes; Undergraduate students; Mentally ill people; Restraints; Nursing
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2008.07.002
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Processing of Thin Ideals in Fashion Magazines: A Source of Social Comparison or Fantasy?
AN  - 57273223; 200907724
AB  - The present study aimed to investigate the role of processing in women's responses to thin idealized images of beauty. A sample of 144 women viewed magazine advertisements containing either thin ideal or product images. Instructional set was manipulated with three levels: control, social comparison, and fantasy instructions. It was found that exposure to thin ideal images led to increased negative mood and body dissatisfaction, while instructional set had its effect on positive mood and body dissatisfaction. For thin ideal images, social comparison instructions led to greater negative mood and body dissatisfaction, while fantasy instructions led to improved positive mood. Importantly, regression analyses indicated that both comparison processing (negatively) and fantasy processing (positively) were associated with women's response to thin ideal images. It was concluded that the nature of the processing women engage in is crucial to their response to thin ideal images. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology
AU  - Tiggemann, Marika
AU  - Polivy, Janet
AU  - Hargreaves, Duane
AD  - School of Psychology, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide 5001, South Australia
Y1  - 2009/01//
PY  - 2009
DA  - January 2009
SP  - 73
EP  - 93
PB  - Guilford Press, New York NY
VL  - 28
IS  - 1
SN  - 0736-7236, 0736-7236
KW  - Social comparison
KW  - Fantasy
KW  - Women
KW  - Moods
KW  - Positive affect
KW  - Body image
KW  - article
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57273223?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aassia&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Social+and+Clinical+Psychology&rft.atitle=The+Processing+of+Thin+Ideals+in+Fashion+Magazines%3A+A+Source+of+Social+Comparison+or+Fantasy%3F&rft.au=Tiggemann%2C+Marika%3BPolivy%2C+Janet%3BHargreaves%2C+Duane&rft.aulast=Tiggemann&rft.aufirst=Marika&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=73&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Social+and+Clinical+Psychology&rft.issn=07367236&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA)
N1  - Date revised - 2009-04-08
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-27
N1  - CODEN - JSCPFF
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Women; Fantasy; Social comparison; Body image; Positive affect; Moods
ER  - 



TY  - CHAP
T1  - Presidential signing statement
T2  - The American congress reader
BT  - ItemValueImpl ( label = Publication title    value = [The American congress reader]    blockName = text    mnemonic = pub    mnemonicSearchType = ExactMatch    template = null     )
AN  - 37153490; 3877844
JF  - The American congress reader
Y1  - 2009
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009
PB  - Cambridge University Press
SN  - 9780521720199
KW  - Political Science
KW  - Congress
KW  - Executive-legislative relations
KW  - Legislative process
KW  - Executive power
KW  - Partisanship
KW  - Political representation
KW  - Parliamentary elections
KW  - U.S.A.
KW  - Legislative behaviour
KW  - Leadership
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/37153490?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/International+Bibliography+of+the+Social+Sciences+%28IBSS%29&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Presidential+signing+statement&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=9780521720199&rft.btitle=The+American+congress+reader&rft.title=The+American+congress+reader&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS)
N1  - Date revised - 2013-06-12
N1  - Last updated - 2013-09-16
ER  - 



TY  - CHAP
T1  - Presidential veto messages
T2  - The American congress reader
BT  - ItemValueImpl ( label = Publication title    value = [The American congress reader]    blockName = text    mnemonic = pub    mnemonicSearchType = ExactMatch    template = null     )
AN  - 37151979; 3877845
JF  - The American congress reader
Y1  - 2009
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009
PB  - Cambridge University Press
SN  - 9780521720199
KW  - Political Science
KW  - Congress
KW  - Executive-legislative relations
KW  - Legislative process
KW  - Veto
KW  - Executive power
KW  - Partisanship
KW  - Political representation
KW  - Parliamentary elections
KW  - U.S.A.
KW  - Leadership
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/37151979?accountid=14244
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LA  - English
DB  - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS)
N1  - Date revised - 2013-06-12
N1  - Last updated - 2013-09-16
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The social security surplus and public saving
AN  - 37070575; 3833208
AB  - The U.S. net national saving rate reached a postwar peak of 12.3 percent in 1965 and has since trended downward to 1.2 percent in 2007. Consequently, many analysts claim that saving is too low. Since 1983, the Social Security program has been in surplus, and the trust funds have been building up to pay for the retirement benefits for the baby boom cohort. Several recent studies have concluded that the increases in the trust funds have been more than offset by reductions in surpluses elsewhere in the federal budget. These studies therefore conclude that public saving has fallen as a result of the trust fund buildup since the mid-1980s. This study reexamines this issue. In the results, the authors cannot find evidence that the trust fund surpluses have had an impact on the rest of the federal budget. Reprinted by permission of Sage Publications, Inc.
JF  - Public finance review
AU  - Hungerford, Thomas
AD  - Congressional Research Service
Y1  - 2009/01//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jan 2009
SP  - 94
EP  - 114
VL  - 37
IS  - 1
SN  - 1091-1421, 1091-1421
KW  - Economics
KW  - Public finance
KW  - Savings
KW  - Social security
KW  - Budget deficit
KW  - U.S.A.
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LA  - English
DB  - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS)
N1  - Date revised - 2013-06-12
N1  - Last updated - 2013-09-16
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 11923 11949 13521; 1797 1811 4937 7625; 11280 8235; 10445 4908; 433 293 14
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - No Need to Volunteer Source of Offers
AN  - 215356180
AB  - For almost a century, NAR's Code of Ethics has been providing guidance, ensuring integrity, and promoting consumer protection. The Code is continuously refined to ensure it remains relevant in this ever-changing real estate lives, yet it's striking how many of the fundamental principles codified by their founders back in 1913 remain central to the enduring "dream of vision" the Code represents. Here, Rosco discusses about the newly added standard on the Code, which is requiring brokers to disclose the source of existing offers when asked. The amendment makes it clear that information regarding the source of other offers doesn't need to be volunteered but must be provided when buyers or cooperating brokers specifically request that information.
JF  - Realtor Magazine
AU  - Rosco, Steve, CRS
Y1  - 2009/01//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jan 2009
SP  - 16
CY  - Chicago
PB  - National Association of Realtors
VL  - 42
IS  - 1
SN  - 15220842
KW  - Real Estate
KW  - Amendments
KW  - Real estate agents & brokers
KW  - Real estate sales
KW  - Volunteers
KW  - Standards
KW  - Asked price
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Central
N1  - Name - National Association of Realtors
N1  - Copyright - Copyright National Association of Realtors Jan 2009
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-23
N1  - CODEN - RESTDR
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Temperature dependence of chemical and microbiological chloramine decay in bulk waters of distribution system; Temperature dependence of chemical and microbiological chloramine decay in bulk waters of distribution system
AN  - 21336983; 11872445
AB  - Chloramine decays in distribution system due to wall and bulk water reactions. In bulk water, the decay could either be due to chemical or microbiological reactions. Without such distinction it is not possible to model chloramine decay in an actual distribution system since microbiological decay depends on different factors compared with chemical decay. The dependence of chloramine decay on chemical reactions is mostly understood. Although it is widely accepted that microbiological reactions could accelerate chloramine decay, quantification had not been possible until the microbiological decay factor method was proposed. In this paper, the effect of temperature on microbial and chemical decay coefficients is presented. This was done by following the procedure of the microbiological decay factor method but by varying the temperature of incubation between 18 and 30 deg C. The procedure was repeated for several samples. The results indicated that it is possible to express temperature dependence of both microbiological and chemical coefficients using the Arrhenius equation within the tested temperature range. Estimated E/R values were found to be 3,551+/-705 K-1 and 6,924+/-1,700 K-1 for chemical and microbiological decay rates respectively. Traditionally, it is believed that every 10 deg C rise would double the decay rate coefficients. However, the E/R value estimated in this study shows that a 16-17 deg C temperature rise is needed to double the chemical chloramine decay rate. A possible application to predict residuals in summer using winter water quality results is demonstrated. Results indicated that microbial decay factor method could help pre-warning water utilities of possible residual loss in summer. Traditional indicators could not offer such distinction.
JF  - Water Science & Technology: Water Supply
AU  - Sathasivan, Arumugam
AU  - Chiang, Jacob
AU  - Nolan, Paul
AD  - Department of Civil Engineering and Construction, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth 6845, Western Australia,; ] s.sathasivan@curtin.edu.au
Y1  - 2009
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009
SP  - 493
EP  - 499
VL  - 9
IS  - 5
SN  - 1606-9749, 1606-9749
KW  - Aqualine Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Chemical Reactions
KW  - Temperature effects
KW  - Microorganisms
KW  - Decay
KW  - AQ 00007:Industrial Effluents
KW  - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION
KW  - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution
KW  - ENA 16:Renewable Resources-Water
KW  - A 01300:Methods
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-02-11
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Decay; Microorganisms
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2009.387
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Disaster risk management in the Pacific: economic analysis and advocacy
AN  - 21286430; 12525921
AB  - It is a long accepted fact that the Pacific is one of the most natural disaster prone regions on the world. Key natural disasters threatening the region include earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic activity, landslides, cyclones and flooding Pacific islanders recognize the importance of planning for and dealing with natural disasters. They have developed several strategies at the regional level to deal with the issue. The overarching framework for the region is the Pacific Disaster Risk Reduction and Disaster Management Framework for Action 2005-2015: Building the Resilience of Nations and Communities to Disasters (Regional Framework). This document outlines the major policy imperatives needed in the region to support the management of disaster. The framework was approved by Pacific Forum Islands Leaders in 2005. Additionally, the Pacific Plan, which is the overarching strategic development policy document for the Pacific region, emphasizes the need for improved disaster risk management practices and policies to enhance sustainable development. At the national level, efforts to implement the imperatives recommended in these and other documents are made by Pacific island governments and other national stakeholders, often with the assistance of regional and international organisations.
JF  - SOPAC miscellaneous report
AU  - Holland, P
Y1  - 2009///0,
PY  - 2009
DA  - 0, 2009
SP  - 7
PB  - SOPAC, Suva (Fiji)
KW  - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality
KW  - Marine
KW  - Risk management
KW  - Flood control
KW  - Coastal erosion
KW  - Pacific Ocean Is.
KW  - Disasters
KW  - Economic analysis
KW  - Freshwater
KW  - Warning systems
KW  - Q2 09392:Warning services against catastrophes
KW  - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes
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L2  - http://www.sopac.org/index.php/virtual-library
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-04-01
N1  - SuppNotes - Physical medium: Internet; http://www.sopac.org/data/virlib/MR/MR0679.pdf
N1  - Last updated - 2016-12-22
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - How do radiation oncology health professionals inform breast cancer patients about the medical and technical aspects of their treatment?
AN  - 20411794; 9093736
AB  - Background and purpose: Radiation therapy patients need information to make treatment decisions, understand treatment and manage side effects. The purpose of this study was to (1) Identify information about radiation therapy routinely provided to breast cancer patients; (2) Determine which health professionals provide information; (3) Examine whether information is routinely provided at the same time points; and (4) Determine whether health professionals and patients place similar importance on specific information. Materials and methods: Health professionals in radiation therapy departments in Australia and New Zealand completed self-administered questionnaires. Results were analysed and compared to patient responses from a previous study. Results: Forty-one of 52 departments participated in this survey. Information provision was inconsistent between departments in terms of how and when information was given. Although the types of information provided to patients appeared to align with patients' needs, health professionals and patients placed different levels of importance on specific information. Conclusions: A wide range of information are provided to patients. However, the priority given to different information needs and the focus of information provision may not be optimal from the perspectives of patients. Further research needs to be conducted to determine patients' information needs and to develop specific information resources tailored to meet these needs.
JF  - Radiotherapy and Oncology
AU  - Halkett, GKB
AU  - Short, M
AU  - Kristjanson, L J
AD  - Western Australia Centre for Cancer and Palliative Care, Curtin University of Technology, Health Research Campus, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia, g.halkett@curtin.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/01//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jan 2009
SP  - 153
EP  - 159
VL  - 90
IS  - 1
SN  - 0167-8140, 0167-8140
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts
KW  - Inventories
KW  - Decision making
KW  - Radiation
KW  - Breast cancer
KW  - Radiotherapy
KW  - Oncology
KW  - Side effects
KW  - X 24310:Pharmaceuticals
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-03-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Decision making; Inventories; Radiation; Radiotherapy; Breast cancer; Oncology; Side effects
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.radonc.2008.05.017
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Single lesion multibacillary leprosy, a treatment enigma: a case report
AN  - 20328327; 9015452
AB  - Introduction Leprosy exhibits a wide spectrum of presentation, varying from the tuberculoid to the lepromatous pole, with immunologically unstable borderline forms in-between, depending upon the immune status of the individual. The clinical system of classification for the purpose of treatment includes the number of skin lesions and nerves involved as the basis for classifying the patients into multibacillary and paucibacillary. Case presentation A 20-year-old man belonging to a moderately endemic leprosy area in the Terai region of Nepal reported a large single, hypopigmented, well defined anaesthetic lesion on his left thigh extending to his knee which had been present for 2 years. There was no other nerve involvement. Clinical diagnosis was tuberculoid leprosy and immunological lateral flow test for anti-Phenolic glycolipid-I antibody was positive. Six months of paucibacillary multidrug treatment was advised immediately. However, the patient was reclassified as multibacillary on the basis of a positive skin smear and appropriate treatment of 24 months multibacillary multidrug regimen was commenced after only 1 week. Slit skin smear examination for Mycobacterium leprae from the lesion revealed a bacterial index of 4+ while it was negative from the routine sites. Histopathological examination from skin biopsy of the lesion further supported the bacterial index of the lesion granuloma which was 2+ and the patient was diagnosed as borderline tuberculoid. Bacteriological, histological, and immunological findings of this patient were borderline tuberculoid leprosy and he should have been treated with multibacillary regimen from the beginning. Five months after commencement of treatment, the patient developed a leprae reaction of Type 1 or reversal reaction with some nerve function impairment and enlargement of the lateral popliteal nerve of the left leg. This reversal reaction was managed by standard oral prednisolone whilst continuing the multibacillary multidrug regimen. Conclusion This case illustrates and emphasizes the importance of slit-skin smear and biopsy as routine in all new cases to help differentiate multibacillary from paucibacillary for correct treatment. It further suggests that there are factors yet undetermined which play a significant role in determining the host response to M. leprae which is a remaining challenge in this disease.
JF  - Journal of Medical Case Reports
AU  - Sapkota, Bishwa R
AU  - Neupane, Kapil D
AU  - Maharjan, Ram K
AD  - Mycobacterial Research Laboratory, Anandaban Hospital, GPO Box 151, Kathmandu, Nepal, bishwasapkota@yahoo.com
Y1  - 2009
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009
SP  - 8
PB  - BioMed Central Ltd., Middlesex House
VL  - 3
SN  - 1752-1947, 1752-1947
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Immunology Abstracts
KW  - Immune status
KW  - Mycobacterium leprae
KW  - Anesthetics
KW  - Biopsy
KW  - Granuloma
KW  - Knee
KW  - Leprosy
KW  - Leg
KW  - Nerves
KW  - Antibodies
KW  - Classification
KW  - Skin diseases
KW  - Case reports
KW  - Prednisolone
KW  - J 02310:Genetics & Taxonomy
KW  - A 01340:Antibiotics & Antimicrobials
KW  - F 06910:Microorganisms & Parasites
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-02-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Immune status; Anesthetics; Biopsy; Granuloma; Knee; Leprosy; Nerves; Leg; Antibodies; Case reports; Skin diseases; Classification; Prednisolone; Mycobacterium leprae
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1752-1947-3-8
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - On the metabolic origin of the carbon isotope composition of CO2 evolved from darkened light-acclimated leaves in Ricinus communis
AN  - 20272692; 8916066
AB  - Summary times The 13C isotopic signature ( delta 13C) of CO2 respired from plants is widely used to assess carbon fluxes and ecosystem functioning. There is, however, a lack of knowledge of the metabolic basis of the delta 13C value of respired CO2. times To elucidate the physiological mechanisms driving 12C/13C fractionation during respiration, the delta 13C of respired CO2 from dark-acclimated leaves during the night, from darkened leaves during the light period, and from stems and roots of Ricinus communis was analysed. The delta 13C of potential respiratory substrates, the respiratory quotient and the activities of phosphoenolpyruvatecarboxylase (PEPc) and key respiratory enzymes were also measured. times It is shown here that the CO2 evolved from darkened light-acclimated leaves during the light period is 13C-enriched, and that this correlates with malate accumulation in the light and rapid malate decarboxylation just after the onset of darkness. Whilst CO2 evolved from leaves was generally 13C-enriched (but to a lesser extent during the night), CO2 evolved from stems and roots was depleted compared with the putative respiratory substrates; the difference was mainly caused by intensive PEPc-catalysed CO2 refixation in stems and roots. times These results provide a physiological explanation for short-term variations of delta 13C in CO2, illustrating the effects of variations of metabolic fluxes through different biochemical pathways.New Phytologist (2009) 181: 374-386doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02672.x
JF  - New Phytologist
AU  - Gessler, Arthur
AU  - Tcherkez, Guillaume
AU  - Karyanto, Oka
AU  - Keitel, Claudia
AU  - Ferrio, Juan Pedro
AU  - Ghashghaie, Jaleh
AU  - Kreuzwieser, Juergen
AU  - Farquhar, Graham D
AD  - 1Environmental Biology Group; Research School of Biological Sciences, Australian National University, GPO Box 475, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
Y1  - 2009/01//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jan 2009
SP  - 374
EP  - 386
PB  - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road
VL  - 181
SN  - 0028-646X, 0028-646X
KW  - Ecology Abstracts
KW  - Carbon
KW  - Respiration
KW  - Leaves
KW  - Roots
KW  - Respiratory enzymes
KW  - Ricinus communis
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Stems
KW  - Decarboxylation
KW  - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-02-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Carbon; Respiration; Leaves; Respiratory enzymes; Roots; Stems; Carbon dioxide; Decarboxylation; Ricinus communis
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02672.x
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - High seas marine protected areas: Benthic environmental conservation priorities from a GIS analysis of global ocean biophysical data
AN  - 20266350; 8870175
AB  - Designing a representative network of high seas marine protected areas (MPAs) requires an acceptable scheme to classify the benthic (as well as the pelagic) bioregions of the oceans. Given the lack of sufficient biological information to accomplish this task, we used a multivariate statistical method with 6 biophysical variables (depth, seabed slope, sediment thickness, primary production, bottom water dissolved oxygen and bottom temperature) to objectively classify the ocean floor into 53,713 separate polygons comprising 11 different categories, that we have termed ''seascapes''. A cross-check of the seascape classification was carried out by comparing the seascapes with existing maps of seafloor geomorphology and seabed sediment type and by GIS analysis of the number of separate polygons, polygon area and perimeter/area ratio. We conclude that seascapes, derived using a multivariate statistical approach, are biophysically meaningful subdivisions of the ocean floor and can be expected to contain different biological associations, in as much as different geomorphological units do the same. Less than 20% of some seascapes occur in the high seas while other seascapes are largely confined to the high seas, indicating specific types of environment whose protection and conservation will require international cooperation. Our study illustrates how the identification of potential sites for high seas marine protected areas can be accomplished by a simple GIS analysis of seafloor geomorphic and seascape classification maps. Using this approach, maps of seascape and geomorphic heterogeneity were generated in which heterogeneity hotspots identify themselves as MPA candidates. The use of computer-aided mapping tools removes subjectivity in the MPA design process and provides greater confidence to stakeholders that an unbiased result has been achieved.
JF  - Ocean & Coastal Management
AU  - Harris, P T
AU  - Whiteway, T
AD  - Geoscience Australia, GPO Box 378, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia, peter.harris@ga.gov.au
Y1  - 2009/01//
PY  - 2009
DA  - January 2009
SP  - 22
EP  - 38
PB  - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl]
VL  - 52
IS  - 1
SN  - 0964-5691, 0964-5691
KW  - Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources
KW  - hot spots
KW  - International cooperation
KW  - marine protected areas
KW  - Primary production
KW  - Dissolved oxygen
KW  - High seas
KW  - Mapping
KW  - Ocean floor
KW  - stakeholders
KW  - Sediment pollution
KW  - Temperature
KW  - World Ocean
KW  - Coastal zone management
KW  - Oceans
KW  - coastal zone management
KW  - classification
KW  - Nature conservation
KW  - Marine parks
KW  - Conservation
KW  - geomorphology
KW  - Geographic information systems
KW  - Environment management
KW  - GIS
KW  - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation
KW  - O 4090:Conservation and Environmental Protection
KW  - Q2 09123:Conservation
KW  - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development
KW  - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20266350?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ocean+%26+Coastal+Management&rft.atitle=High+seas+marine+protected+areas%3A+Benthic+environmental+conservation+priorities+from+a+GIS+analysis+of+global+ocean+biophysical+data&rft.au=Harris%2C+P+T%3BWhiteway%2C+T&rft.aulast=Harris&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=22&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ocean+%26+Coastal+Management&rft.issn=09645691&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ocecoaman.2008.09.009
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-05-27
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - High seas; International cooperation; Marine parks; Nature conservation; Ocean floor; Primary production; GIS; Environment management; Coastal zone management; Sediment pollution; hot spots; marine protected areas; Temperature; Dissolved oxygen; Oceans; classification; coastal zone management; Conservation; Geographic information systems; geomorphology; Mapping; stakeholders; World Ocean
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2008.09.009
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The contributions of nitrogen-fixing crop legumes to the productivity of agricultural systems
AN  - 20190339; 10280270
AB  - Data collated from around the world indicate that, for every tonne of shoot dry matter produced by crop legumes, the symbiotic relationship with rhizobia is responsible for fixing, on average on a whole plant basis (shoots and nodulated roots), the equivalent of 30-40 kg of nitrogen (N). Consequently, factors that directly influence legume growth (e.g. water 1 and nutrient availability, disease incidence and pests) tend to be the main determinants of the amounts of N sub(2) fixed. However, practices that either limit the presence of effective rhizobia in the soil (no inoculation, poor inoculant quality), increase soil concentrations of nitrate (excessive tillage, extended fallows, fertilizer N), or enhance competition for soil mineral N (intercropping legumes with cereals) can also be critical. Much of the N sub(2) fixed by the legume is usually removed at harvest in high-protein seed so that the net residual contributions of fixed N to agricultural soils after the harvest of legume grain may be relatively small. Nonetheless, the inclusion of legumes in a cropping sequence generally improves the productivity of following crops. While some of these rotational effects may be associated with improvements in availability of N in soils, factors unrelated to N also play an important role. Recent results suggest that one such non-N benefit may be due to the impact on soil biology of hydrogen emitted from nodules as a by-product of N sub(2) fixation.
JF  - Symbiosis
AU  - Peoples, M B
AU  - Brockwell, J
AU  - Herridge, D F
AU  - Rochester, I J
AU  - Alves, BJR
AU  - Urquiaga, S
AU  - Boddey, R M
AU  - Dakora, F D
AU  - Bhattarai, S
AU  - Maskey, S L
AU  - Sampet, C
AU  - Rerkasem, B
AU  - Khan, D F
AU  - Hauggaard-Nielsen, H
AU  - Jensen, E S
AD  - CSIRO Plant Industry, G.P.O. Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia, Mark.Peoples@csiro.au
Y1  - 2009
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2009
SP  - 1
EP  - 17
VL  - 48
IS  - 1-3
SN  - 0334-5114, 0334-5114
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Ecology Abstracts
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - Nitrate
KW  - Seeds
KW  - Symbiosis
KW  - Data processing
KW  - Nutrient availability
KW  - Roots
KW  - Hydrogen
KW  - Nodules
KW  - Crops
KW  - Shoots
KW  - Soil
KW  - Fertilizers
KW  - Cereals
KW  - Tillage
KW  - Legumes
KW  - Inoculation
KW  - Grain
KW  - Dry matter
KW  - Pests
KW  - Competition
KW  - Minerals
KW  - Nitrogen
KW  - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies
KW  - J 02430:Symbiosis, Antibiosis & Phages
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Symbiosis&rft.atitle=The+contributions+of+nitrogen-fixing+crop+legumes+to+the+productivity+of+agricultural+systems&rft.au=Peoples%2C+M+B%3BBrockwell%2C+J%3BHerridge%2C+D+F%3BRochester%2C+I+J%3BAlves%2C+BJR%3BUrquiaga%2C+S%3BBoddey%2C+R+M%3BDakora%2C+F+D%3BBhattarai%2C+S%3BMaskey%2C+S+L%3BSampet%2C+C%3BRerkasem%2C+B%3BKhan%2C+D+F%3BHauggaard-Nielsen%2C+H%3BJensen%2C+E+S&rft.aulast=Peoples&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Symbiosis&rft.issn=03345114&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nitrate; Seeds; Data processing; Symbiosis; Nutrient availability; Roots; Hydrogen; Crops; Nodules; Soil; Shoots; Fertilizers; Cereals; Legumes; Tillage; Grain; Inoculation; Dry matter; Pests; Minerals; Competition; Nitrogen; Bacteria
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Consumption of Grape Seed Extract Prevents Amyloid-b Deposition and Attenuates Inflammation in Brain of an Alzheimer's Disease Mouse
AN  - 20188262; 10263391
AB  - Polyphenols extracted from grape seeds are able to inhibit amyloid-beta (Ab) aggregation, reduce Ab production and protect against Ab neurotoxicity in vitro. We aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of a polyphenol-rich grape seed extract (GSE) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) mice. APPSwe/PS1dE9 transgenic mice were fed with normal AIN-93G diet (control diet), AIN-93G diet with 0.07% curcumin or diet with 2% GSE beginning at 3 months of age for 9 months. Total phenolic content of GSE was 592.5 mg/g dry weight, including gallic acid (49 mg/g), catechin (41 mg/g), epicatechin (66 mg/g) and proanthocyanidins (436.6 mg catechin equivalents/g). Long-term feeding of GSE diet was well tolerated without fatality, behavioural abnormality, changes in food consumption, body weight or liver function. The Ab levels in the brain and serum of the mice fed with GSE were reduced by 33% and 44%, respectively, compared with the Alzheimer's mice fed with the control diet. Amyloid plaques and microgliosis in the brain of Alzheimer's mice fed with GSE were also reduced by 49% and 70%, respectively. Curcumin also significantly reduced brain Ab burden and microglia activation. Conclusively, polyphenol-rich GSE prevents the Ab deposition and attenuates the inflammation in the brain of a transgenic mouse model, and this thus is promising in delaying development of AD.
JF  - Neurotoxicity Research
AU  - Wang, Yan-Jiang
AU  - Thomas, Philip
AU  - Zhong, Jin-Hua
AU  - Bi, Fang-Fang
AU  - Kosaraju, Shantha
AU  - Pollard, Anthony
AU  - Fenech, Michael
AU  - Zhou, Xin-Fu
AD  - Department of Human Physiology and Centre for Neuroscience, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA, Australia, Michael.Fenech@csiro.au
Y1  - 2009/01//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jan 2009
SP  - 3
EP  - 14
PB  - Taylor & Francis Group Ltd., 2 Park Square Milton Park, Abingdon Oxford OX14 4RN UK, [URL:http://www.taylorandfrancis.co.uk/]
VL  - 15
IS  - 1
SN  - 1029-8428, 1029-8428
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts
KW  - proanthocyanidins
KW  - Age
KW  - Alzheimer's disease
KW  - Animal models
KW  - Catechin
KW  - gallic acid
KW  - Food consumption
KW  - Body weight
KW  - phenolic compounds
KW  - Plaques
KW  - Diets
KW  - Feeding
KW  - Seeds
KW  - Curcumin
KW  - Polyphenols
KW  - Brain
KW  - Microglia
KW  - Transgenic mice
KW  - Inflammation
KW  - Neurodegenerative diseases
KW  - Neurotoxicity
KW  - Liver
KW  - Plant extracts
KW  - Vitaceae
KW  - epicatechin
KW  - Amyloid
KW  - b-Amyloid
KW  - X 24310:Pharmaceuticals
KW  - N3 11028:Neuropharmacology & toxicology
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicity+Research&rft.atitle=Consumption+of+Grape+Seed+Extract+Prevents+Amyloid-b+Deposition+and+Attenuates+Inflammation+in+Brain+of+an+Alzheimer%27s+Disease+Mouse&rft.au=Wang%2C+Yan-Jiang%3BThomas%2C+Philip%3BZhong%2C+Jin-Hua%3BBi%2C+Fang-Fang%3BKosaraju%2C+Shantha%3BPollard%2C+Anthony%3BFenech%2C+Michael%3BZhou%2C+Xin-Fu&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Yan-Jiang&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicity+Research&rft.issn=10298428&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12640-009-9000-x
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - proanthocyanidins; Age; Alzheimer's disease; Animal models; Catechin; gallic acid; Food consumption; Body weight; phenolic compounds; Plaques; Diets; Feeding; Seeds; Curcumin; Polyphenols; Brain; Transgenic mice; Microglia; Inflammation; Neurodegenerative diseases; Neurotoxicity; Liver; Plant extracts; epicatechin; b-Amyloid; Amyloid; Vitaceae
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12640-009-9000-x
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Isolation and characterization of 15 polymorphic microsatellite DNA loci from Argyrosomus japonicus (mulloway), a new aquaculture species in Australia
AN  - 20060564; 9162024
AB  - AbstractFifteen microsatellite loci were isolated for population genetic studies of mulloway (Argyrosomus japonicus), a commercial/recreational fish species in Southern Australia. A genomic library was screened randomly for di- tri- and tetranucleotide repeats. Fifteen microsatellite marker loci were developed that were highly polymorphic (allele number ranged from four to 18).Observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.17 to 1 and from 0.27 to 0.91, respectively. These markers have proven useful for estimating genetic variation and for evaluating population structure across the species' natural distribution. They also provide powerful tools for optimizing hatchery practices to conserve genetic diversity.
JF  - Molecular Ecology Resources
AU  - ARCHANGI, B
AU  - Chand, V
AU  - Mather, P B
AD  - School of Natural Resource Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia, b.archangi@qut.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/01//
PY  - 2009
DA  - Jan 2009
SP  - 412
EP  - 414
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
SN  - 1755-098X, 1755-098X
KW  - Ecology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts
KW  - Hatcheries
KW  - Population genetics
KW  - Genetic markers
KW  - Microsatellites
KW  - Genetic diversity
KW  - genomics
KW  - Argyrosomus japonicus
KW  - Heterozygosity
KW  - Aquaculture
KW  - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-06-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Argyrosomus japonicus; Microsatellites; Genetic diversity; Population genetics; Aquaculture; genomics; Genetic markers; Hatcheries; Heterozygosity
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-0998.2008.02464.x
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - (Re) Shaping Social Work: An Australian Case Study
AN  - 1520333913; 201411011
AB  - Contemporary policy development via various nationally contingent processes of welfare reform poses significant challenges to social work. This paper explores the initial impact on one group of generalist social workers in working in the Australian income support agency -- Centrelink. Positioning welfare reform within a theoretical framework of institutional change, the authors suggest that the associated policy developments have the capacity to seriously destabilize social work, particularly in that they promote values and rationalities at odds with those assumed by the profession. These assumptions are explored through exploratory empirical engagement with the Centrelink social workers, the results of which suggest that all social workers in those national contexts experiencing the same policy orientation have significant reason to be concerned. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - The British Journal of Social Work
AU  - McDonald, Catherine
AU  - Chenoweth, Lesley
AD  - School of Global Studies, Social Science and Planning, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476V, Melbourne, 3001 VIC, Australia catherine.mcdonald@rmit.edu.au
Y1  - 2009/01//
PY  - 2009
DA  - January 2009
SP  - 144
EP  - 160
PB  - Oxford University Press, Oxford UK
VL  - 39
IS  - 1
SN  - 0045-3102, 0045-3102
KW  - welfare reform, institutional change, the future of social work
KW  - Welfare reform
KW  - Positioning
KW  - Social work
KW  - Policy making
KW  - Social workers
KW  - Rationality
KW  - article
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aassia&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+British+Journal+of+Social+Work&rft.atitle=%28Re%29+Shaping+Social+Work%3A+An+Australian+Case+Study&rft.au=McDonald%2C+Catherine%3BChenoweth%2C+Lesley&rft.aulast=McDonald&rft.aufirst=Catherine&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=144&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+British+Journal+of+Social+Work&rft.issn=00453102&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fbjsw%2Fbcm094
LA  - English
DB  - Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA)
N1  - Date revised - 2014-05-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-27
N1  - CODEN - BJSWAS
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Social work; Social workers; Policy making; Welfare reform; Positioning; Rationality
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjsw/bcm094
ER  -