TY - JOUR T1 - Transgenic Tomato Plants with a Modified Ability to Synthesize Indole-3-acetyl- beta -1-O-D -glucose AN - 907175973; 15570395 AB - Esterification of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is thought to be an important component in the homeostatic regulation of the levels of this phytohormone. To better understand the role of the initial step in IAA esterification in the control of IAA levels, transgenic tomato plants were generated that either express maize IAGLU or have reduced levels of the enzyme IAA-glucose synthetase. These plants were obtained by expressing maize IAGLU in either sense or antisense orientation using the CaMV35S promoter. The maize IAGLU probe hybridized to two transcripts (1.3 kb and 2.5 kb) in wild-type tomato vegetative tissue and green fruit. The sense and antisense transformants exhibited distinct phenotypic characteristics. Sense transformants showed an almost complete lack of root initiation and development. Antisense transgenic plants, on the other hand, had unusually well developed root systems at early stages in development, and the amount of the endogenous 75 kDa IAGLU protein was reduced. IAGLU antisense plants also had reduced levels of IAA-glucose and lower esterified IAA. JF - Journal of Plant Growth Regulation AU - Iyer, Mridula AU - Slovin, Janet P AU - Epstein, Ephraim AU - Cohen, Jerry D AD - Fruit Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland, 20705, USA, slovinj@ba.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 142 EP - 152 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 24 IS - 2 SN - 0721-7595, 0721-7595 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Antisense KW - Developmental stages KW - Enzymes KW - Esterification KW - Fruits KW - Probes KW - Promoters KW - Roots KW - Sensory systems KW - Transgenic plants KW - Lycopersicon esculentum KW - Zea mays KW - W 30925:Genetic Engineering KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/907175973?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Plant+Growth+Regulation&rft.atitle=Transgenic+Tomato+Plants+with+a+Modified+Ability+to+Synthesize+Indole-3-acetyl-+beta+-1-O-D+-glucose&rft.au=Iyer%2C+Mridula%3BSlovin%2C+Janet+P%3BEpstein%2C+Ephraim%3BCohen%2C+Jerry+D&rft.aulast=Iyer&rft.aufirst=Mridula&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=142&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Plant+Growth+Regulation&rft.issn=07217595&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00344-004-0007-5 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-12-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fruits; Promoters; Antisense; Esterification; Probes; Enzymes; Developmental stages; Roots; Sensory systems; Transgenic plants; Lycopersicon esculentum; Zea mays DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00344-004-0007-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field assessment in land of origin of host specificity, infestation rate and impact of Ceratapion basicorne a prospective biological control agent of yellow starthistle AN - 902369054; 15501105 AB - Yellow starthistle, Centaurea solstitialis (Asteraceae), is an important invasive alien weed in the western United States. Currently established biological control agents attack only the capitula (flowerheads), and are not effectively controlling the plant in much of its range. The geographic center of diversity for the plant appears to be in Turkey, but no agents have been introduced from this country. Ceratapion basicorne (Coleoptera: Apionidae) is common in Central Turkey, attacking 25-100% of yellow starthistle plants. In a field experiment, Ceratapion spp. attacked 90% of yellow starthistle plants and 88% of milk thistle plants (Silybum marianum) but not seven other plant species, including artichoke and safflower. We suspect that a different species of insect attacked milk thistle, but they emerged before the plants were sampled. Laboratory tests showed that C. basicorne does not oviposit in milk thistle. Ceratapion basicorne appears to be more host specific than was suggested by previous studies of a population in Italy (Clement etal. 1989. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 82: 741-747). The insect is gregarious, and the number of larvae per plant was positively correlated to root diameter. The level of damage to individual plants was positively correlated to the proportion of plants attacked, indicating aggregation both among plants and within plants. Field data did not show any impact of the insect on plant size or number of capitula, but germination rate of seeds produced by infested plants was 15% lower than for uninfested plants at two of three sites studied. JF - BioControl (Heidelberg) AU - Uygur, Sibel AU - Smith, Lincoln AU - Uygur, FNezihi AU - Cristofaro, Massimo AU - Balciunas, Joe AD - USDA-ARS Western Regional Research Center, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA, 94710, lsmith@pw.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 525 EP - 541 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 50 IS - 3 SN - 1386-6141, 1386-6141 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Entomology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Biological control KW - Apionidae KW - Z 05350:Medical, Veterinary, and Agricultural Entomology KW - A 01370:Biological Control KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/902369054?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BioControl+%28Heidelberg%29&rft.atitle=Field+assessment+in+land+of+origin+of+host+specificity%2C+infestation+rate+and+impact+of+Ceratapion+basicorne+a+prospective+biological+control+agent+of+yellow+starthistle&rft.au=Uygur%2C+Sibel%3BSmith%2C+Lincoln%3BUygur%2C+FNezihi%3BCristofaro%2C+Massimo%3BBalciunas%2C+Joe&rft.aulast=Uygur&rft.aufirst=Sibel&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=525&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BioControl+%28Heidelberg%29&rft.issn=13866141&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10526-004-5546-y LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-10 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological control; Apionidae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10526-004-5546-y ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Leaf scarring by the weevils Neochetina eichhorniae and N. bruchi enhances infection by the fungus Cercospora piaropi on waterhyacinth, Eichhornia crassipes AN - 902369025; 15501102 AB - Additive or synergistic effects among introduced and native insect and plant pathogen agents are necessary to achieve biological control of waterhyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), a globally damaging aquatic weed. In field plots, plants were infested with waterhyacinth weevils (Neoechetina bruchi and N. eichhorniae) and leaves were scarred by weevil feeding. Subsequent infection by the fungal pathogen Cercospora piaropi caused necrotic lesions to form on leaves. Necrosis development was 7.5- and 10.5-fold greater in plots augmented with both weevils and C. piaropi and weevils alone, respectively, than in plots receiving only C. piaropi. Twenty-four days after weevil infestation, the percentage of laminar area covered by lesions on third-youngest and oldest live leaves was elevated 2.3-2.5-fold in plots augmented with weevils. Scar density and necrosis coverage on young leaf laminae were positively correlated, even though antipathogenic soluble peroxidases were elevated 3-fold in plots augmented with weevils alone or weevils and C. piaropi. Combined weevil and fungal augmentation decreased shoot densities and leaves per plant. In a no-choice bioassay, weevil feeding on oldest but not young leaves was reduced 44 two weeks after C. piaropi inoculation. Protein content and peroxidase activities were elevated 2-6-fold in oldest leaves three weeks after inoculation. Augmentation with both waterhyacinth weevils and C. piaropi led to the development of an additive biological control impact, mediated by one or more direct interactions between these agents, and not plant quality effects. JF - BioControl (Heidelberg) AU - Moran, Patrick J AD - USDA-ARS, Beneficial Insects Research Unit, Weslaco, Texas, USA, pmoran@weslaco.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 511 EP - 524 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 50 IS - 3 SN - 1386-6141, 1386-6141 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Entomology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Biological control KW - Weeds KW - Peroxidase KW - Development KW - Freshwater KW - Eichhornia crassipes KW - Infection KW - Cercospora piaropi KW - Coverage KW - Necrosis KW - Lesions KW - Feeding KW - Aquatic plants KW - Leaves KW - Pest control KW - Pathogens KW - Germany, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Heidelberg KW - Freshwater weeds KW - Shoots KW - Infestation KW - Bioassays KW - Neochetina eichhorniae KW - Inoculation KW - Proteins KW - Z 05350:Medical, Veterinary, and Agricultural Entomology KW - A 01370:Biological Control KW - Q1 08485:Species interactions: pests and control KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/902369025?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BioControl+%28Heidelberg%29&rft.atitle=Leaf+scarring+by+the+weevils+Neochetina+eichhorniae+and+N.+bruchi+enhances+infection+by+the+fungus+Cercospora+piaropi+on+waterhyacinth%2C+Eichhornia+crassipes&rft.au=Moran%2C+Patrick+J&rft.aulast=Moran&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=511&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BioControl+%28Heidelberg%29&rft.issn=13866141&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10526-004-4254-y LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-09-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological control; Weeds; Bioassays; Leaves; Aquatic plants; Lesions; Pest control; Pathogens; Freshwater weeds; Feeding; Peroxidase; Development; Infection; Shoots; Infestation; Necrosis; Coverage; Inoculation; Proteins; Cercospora piaropi; Neochetina eichhorniae; Eichhornia crassipes; Germany, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Heidelberg; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10526-004-4254-y ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Expressed sequence tag analysis of Eimeria-stimulated intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes in chickens AN - 864949210; 13860144 AB - Intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) play a critical role in protective immune response to intestinal pathogens such as Eimeria, the etiologic agent of avian coccidiosis. A list of genes expressed by intestinal IELs of Eimeria-infected chickens was compiled using the expressed sequence tag (EST) strategy. The 14,409 ESTs consisted of 1851 clusters and 7595 singletons, which revealed 9446 unique genes in the data set. Comparison of the sequence data with chicken DNA sequences in GenBank identified 125 novel clones. This EST library will provide a valuable resource for profiling global gene expression in normal and pathogen-infected chickens and identifying additional unique immune-related genes. JF - Molecular Biotechnology AU - Min, Wongi AU - Lillehoj, Hyun S AU - Ashwell, Christopher M AU - Tassell, Curtis P AU - Dalloul, Rami A AU - Matukumalli, Lakshmi K AU - Han, Jae Y AU - Lillehoj, Erik P AD - Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, Animal & Natural Resources Institute, US Dept. of Agriculture, 20705, Beltsville, MD, USA, hlilleho@anri.barc.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 143 EP - 149 PB - Humana Press Inc., 999 Riverview Dr., Ste. 208 Totowa NJ 07512 USA VL - 30 IS - 2 SN - 1073-6085, 1073-6085 KW - Immunology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Eimeria KW - Data processing KW - Coccidiosis KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Intestine KW - Lymphocytes KW - Immune response KW - Pathogens KW - expressed sequence tags KW - W 30930:Agricultural Applications KW - F 06965:Immune Cells KW - K 03310:Genetics & Taxonomy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/864949210?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Expressed+sequence+tag+analysis+of+Eimeria-stimulated+intestinal+intraepithelial+lymphocytes+in+chickens&rft.au=Min%2C+Wongi%3BLillehoj%2C+Hyun+S%3BAshwell%2C+Christopher+M%3BTassell%2C+Curtis+P%3BDalloul%2C+Rami+A%3BMatukumalli%2C+Lakshmi+K%3BHan%2C+Jae+Y%3BLillehoj%2C+Erik+P&rft.aulast=Min&rft.aufirst=Wongi&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=143&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+Biotechnology&rft.issn=10736085&rft_id=info:doi/10.1385%2FMB%3A30%3A2%3A143 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-12-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data processing; Coccidiosis; Nucleotide sequence; Intestine; Pathogens; Immune response; Lymphocytes; expressed sequence tags; Eimeria DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1385/MB:30:2:143 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - DNA sequence of the Escherichia coli O103 O antigen gene cluster and detection of enterohemorrhagic E. coli O103 by PCR amplification of the wzx and wzy genes. AN - 68516678; 16121232 AB - Escherichia coli serogroup O103 has been associated with gastrointestinal illness and hemolytic uremic syndrome. To develop PCR-based methods for detection and identification of this serogroup, the DNA sequence of the 12,033-bp region containing the O antigen gene cluster of Escherichia coli O103 was determined. Of the 12 open reading frames identified, the E. coli O103 wzx (O antigen flippase) and wzy (O antigen polymerase) genes were selected as targets for development of both conventional and real-time PCR assays specific for this serogroup. In addition, a multiplex PCR targeting the Shiga toxin (Stx) 1 (stx1), Shiga toxin 2 (stx2), wzx, and wzy genes was developed to differentiate Stx-producing E. coli O103 from non-toxigenic strains. The PCR assays can be employed to identify E. coli serogroup O103, replacing antigen-based serotyping, and to potentially detect the organism in food, fecal, or environmental samples. JF - Canadian journal of microbiology AU - Fratamico, Pina M AU - DebRoy, Chitrita AU - Strobaugh, Terence P AU - Chen, Chin-Yi AD - Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Wyndmoor, PA 19038, USA. pfratamico@errc.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - June 2005 SP - 515 EP - 522 VL - 51 IS - 6 SN - 0008-4166, 0008-4166 KW - DNA Primers KW - 0 KW - DNA, Bacterial KW - Escherichia coli Proteins KW - O Antigens KW - Shiga Toxin 1 KW - Shiga Toxin 2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Shiga Toxin 2 -- genetics KW - Animals KW - Multigene Family KW - Humans KW - Species Specificity KW - Shiga Toxin 1 -- genetics KW - Escherichia coli -- classification KW - DNA, Bacterial -- genetics KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction -- methods KW - Escherichia coli -- genetics KW - O Antigens -- genetics KW - Escherichia coli Proteins -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68516678?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+journal+of+microbiology&rft.atitle=DNA+sequence+of+the+Escherichia+coli+O103+O+antigen+gene+cluster+and+detection+of+enterohemorrhagic+E.+coli+O103+by+PCR+amplification+of+the+wzx+and+wzy+genes.&rft.au=Fratamico%2C+Pina+M%3BDebRoy%2C+Chitrita%3BStrobaugh%2C+Terence+P%3BChen%2C+Chin-Yi&rft.aulast=Fratamico&rft.aufirst=Pina&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=515&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Canadian+journal+of+microbiology&rft.issn=00084166&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-12-30 N1 - Date created - 2005-08-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Probabilistic risk assessment for snails, slugs, and endangered honeycreepers in diphacinone rodenticide baited areas on Hawaii, USA. AN - 68510485; 16117137 AB - Three probabilistic models were developed for characterizing the risk of mortality and subacute coagulopathy to Poouli, an endangered nontarget avian species, in broadcast diphacinone-baited areas on Hawaii, USA. For single-day exposure, the risk of Poouli mortality approaches 0. For 5-d exposure, the mean probability of mortality increased to 3% for adult and 8% for juvenile Poouli populations. For Poouli that consume snails containing diphacinone residues for 14 d, the model predicted increased levels of coagulopathy for 0.42 and 11% of adult and juvenile Poouli populations, respectively. Worst-case deterministic risk characterizations predicted acceptable levels of risk for nonthreatened or endangered species such as northern bobwhite quail and mallards. Also, no acute toxicity was noted for snails and slugs that feed on diphacinone baits. JF - Environmental toxicology and chemistry AU - Johnston, John J AU - Pitt, William C AU - Sugihara, Robert T AU - Eisemann, John D AU - Primus, Thomas M AU - Holmes, Melvin J AU - Crocker, Joe AU - Hart, Andy AD - US Department of Agriculture (USDA)/Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS)/WS/National Wildlife Research Center, 4101 LaPorte Avenue, Fort Collins, Colorado 80521, USA. john.j.johnston@aphis.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - June 2005 SP - 1557 EP - 1567 VL - 24 IS - 6 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Rodenticides KW - 0 KW - diphenadione KW - 54CA01C6JX KW - Phenindione KW - 5M7Y6274ZE KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Lethal Dose 50 KW - Hawaii KW - Rodentia KW - Risk Assessment KW - Snails KW - Songbirds KW - Gastropoda KW - Phenindione -- poisoning KW - Models, Statistical KW - Rodenticides -- poisoning KW - Phenindione -- analogs & derivatives UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68510485?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.atitle=Probabilistic+risk+assessment+for+snails%2C+slugs%2C+and+endangered+honeycreepers+in+diphacinone+rodenticide+baited+areas+on+Hawaii%2C+USA.&rft.au=Johnston%2C+John+J%3BPitt%2C+William+C%3BSugihara%2C+Robert+T%3BEisemann%2C+John+D%3BPrimus%2C+Thomas+M%3BHolmes%2C+Melvin+J%3BCrocker%2C+Joe%3BHart%2C+Andy&rft.aulast=Johnston&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1557&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-12-01 N1 - Date created - 2005-08-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laboratory bioassays of entomopathogenic fungi for control of Delia radicum (L.) larvae. AN - 68461692; 16087004 AB - Laboratory soil bioassays were performed at economic field rates for in-furrow (3.85 x 10(6)spores/g dry soil) and broadcast (3.85 x 10(5)spores/g dry soil) applications with three isolates of Metarhizium anisopliae (F52, ATCC62176, and ARSEF5520) and one isolate of Beauveria bassiana (GHA). All isolates tested were infective to second instar Delia radicum (L.). The conditionally registered M. anisopliae isolate (F52) performed best killing an average of 85 and 72% of D. radicum larvae at the high and low concentration, respectively. The mean LC50 and LC95 of F52 against second instar D. radicum was 2.7 x 10(6) and 1.8 x 10(8)spores/g dry soil, respectively. The use of F52 in an integrated management program is discussed. JF - Journal of invertebrate pathology AU - Bruck, Denny J AU - Snelling, Jane E AU - Dreves, Amy J AU - Jaronski, Stefan T AD - USDA-ARS, Horticultural Crops Research Laboratory, 3420 NW Orchard Avenue, Corvallis, OR 97330, USA. bruckd@onid.orst.edu Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - June 2005 SP - 179 EP - 183 VL - 89 IS - 2 SN - 0022-2011, 0022-2011 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Spores, Fungal -- physiology KW - Biological Assay -- methods KW - Soil Microbiology KW - Pest Control, Biological -- methods KW - Diptera -- microbiology KW - Hypocreales -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68461692?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+invertebrate+pathology&rft.atitle=Laboratory+bioassays+of+entomopathogenic+fungi+for+control+of+Delia+radicum+%28L.%29+larvae.&rft.au=Bruck%2C+Denny+J%3BSnelling%2C+Jane+E%3BDreves%2C+Amy+J%3BJaronski%2C+Stefan+T&rft.aulast=Bruck&rft.aufirst=Denny&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=89&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=179&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+invertebrate+pathology&rft.issn=00222011&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-10-04 N1 - Date created - 2005-08-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of planting dates on boll weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and cotton fruit in the subtropics. AN - 68038688; 16022308 AB - The effects of planting dates 2-3-wk apart on boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis grandis Boheman (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), field-level populations, and feeding and oviposition damage to cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., squares and bolls, were studied during 2002 and 2003 in the Lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas. Squares were 44-56% more abundant in some later planted treatments than in the earlier planted treatments, but mean cumulative numbers of oviposition- and feeding-damaged squares were 2.7 - 4.8-fold greater in some later planted treatments than in earlier treatments. Increased square production in later planted cotton was offset by boll weevil infestations that occurred when squares are most vulnerable and contribute most toward the pest's reproduction. Early planting avoided boll weevil population buildups in the field when large squares were abundant. Lint yields in 2002 did not differ significantly between the planting date treatments, but in 2003, mean yield in the middle treatment was 23% greater than in the early and late-planted treatments. Insecticide sprays in the earliest planted treatment of each year, based on the 10% damaged squares threshold, were >33% and >43% fewer than in the corresponding middle and latest planting treatments, respectively. Delayed planting, relative to the onset of favorable cotton-growing weather, at the field level, even when not applied uniformly on an areawide scale, is more cost-effective than planting too early or too late. JF - Journal of economic entomology AU - Showler, A T AU - Greenberg, S M AU - Scott, A W AU - Robinson, J R C AD - USDA-ARS-APMRU, Weslaco, TX 78596, USA. Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - June 2005 SP - 796 EP - 804 VL - 98 IS - 3 SN - 0022-0493, 0022-0493 KW - Insecticides KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Fruit -- growth & development KW - Insecticides -- administration & dosage KW - Population Density KW - Climate KW - Reproduction KW - Time Factors KW - Agriculture -- methods KW - Gossypium -- growth & development KW - Weevils -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68038688?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+economic+entomology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+planting+dates+on+boll+weevils+%28Coleoptera%3A+Curculionidae%29+and+cotton+fruit+in+the+subtropics.&rft.au=Showler%2C+A+T%3BGreenberg%2C+S+M%3BScott%2C+A+W%3BRobinson%2C+J+R+C&rft.aulast=Showler&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=98&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=796&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+economic+entomology&rft.issn=00220493&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-08-26 N1 - Date created - 2005-07-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of forced egg-retention in Aedes albopictus on adult survival and reproduction following application of DEET as an oviposition deterrent. AN - 68020357; 16007955 AB - The insect repellent DEET (0.1% concentration), used as a mosquito oviposition deterrent in the laboratory, influenced the retention and maintenance of mature eggs by caged gravid female Aedes albopictus Skuse. This egg-retention mechanism could benefit survival because the gravid females were ultimately able to lay maintained eggs upon availability of water, but the length of forced egg-retention time reduced the number of eggs laid per female. Gravid females with retained eggs also laid a higher percentage of eggs that failed to tan, and this percentage increased with time duration of egg-retention. Percent egg hatch was not significantly affected by DEET when used as an oviposition deterrent; however, percent hatch was affected by time duration of egg-retention in both treated (exposed to DEET) and untreated (control) gravid females. The rate of egg hatch was considerably reduced after three weeks of retention; this reduction declined to zero for treated and control females at six and four weeks post-treatment, respectively. The fecundity and fertility of gravid female Ae. albopictus were affected by the time duration of forced egg-retention. JF - Journal of vector ecology : journal of the Society for Vector Ecology AU - Xue, Rui-De AU - Ali, Arshad AU - Barnard, D R AD - USDA, ARS, Center for Medical, Agricultural, and Veterinary Entomology, PO Box 14565, Gainesville, FL 32604, USA. Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - June 2005 SP - 45 EP - 48 VL - 30 IS - 1 SN - 1081-1710, 1081-1710 KW - Insect Repellents KW - 0 KW - DEET KW - 134-62-3 KW - Index Medicus KW - Ovum -- physiology KW - Animals KW - Ovum -- drug effects KW - Female KW - Fertility -- drug effects KW - Mosquito Control -- methods KW - Aedes -- drug effects KW - Insect Vectors -- drug effects KW - Oviposition -- physiology KW - Oviposition -- drug effects KW - Insect Repellents -- pharmacology KW - Aedes -- physiology KW - DEET -- pharmacology KW - Insect Vectors -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68020357?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+vector+ecology+%3A+journal+of+the+Society+for+Vector+Ecology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+forced+egg-retention+in+Aedes+albopictus+on+adult+survival+and+reproduction+following+application+of+DEET+as+an+oviposition+deterrent.&rft.au=Xue%2C+Rui-De%3BAli%2C+Arshad%3BBarnard%2C+D+R&rft.aulast=Xue&rft.aufirst=Rui-De&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=45&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+vector+ecology+%3A+journal+of+the+Society+for+Vector+Ecology&rft.issn=10811710&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-12-22 N1 - Date created - 2005-07-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of aerosolized class C fly ash in weanling goats. AN - 68019833; 16008221 AB - To determine effects of repeated aerosol exposures to fly ash dust on respiratory tracts of tent-confined goats. 12 weanling Boer-Spanish crossbred goats. Goats were randomly assigned to 2 groups: fly ash treatment group (principal goats, n = 6) or control group (control goats, 6). Aerosolized fly ash dust was provided during a 4-hour period for each of 6 applications given over 3 months and one 2-hour application prior to necropsy. Fly ash particle diameters ranged from 0.1 to 130 microm and averaged 17.8 microm, with 1.5% of fly ash particles in the 0.1- to 5-microm-diameter range. A mean +/- SD of 748 +/- 152 g/treatment was delivered inside a tent containing principal goats; control goats were placed inside a similar tent for 4-hour treatments without dust. Following treatment, rectal temperatures were taken at 0, 4, 6, 8, 24, and 72 hours; Hcts were recorded at 0, 24, and 72 hours. Rectal temperatures were significantly increased at 4, 6, and 8 hours and decreased at 72 hours, compared with 0 hours. Mean +/- SEM Hct values were significantly increased for principal goats (3747 +/- 0.39%), compared with control goats (36.17 +/- 0.42%). A significant increase in the mean area of gross atelectatic lung lesions (1,410 mm2) was found in principal goats (n = 6), compared with control goats (440 mm2; 5). An increase in atelectatic lung lesions was observed in principal goats, compared with control goats; however, overall, fly ash dust effects were nontoxic. JF - American journal of veterinary research AU - Purdy, Charles W AU - Straus, David C AU - Ayers, J R AD - USDA, Agricultural Research Science, Conservation, and Production Research Laboratory, PO Drawer 10, Bushland, TX 79012, USA. Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - June 2005 SP - 991 EP - 995 VL - 66 IS - 6 SN - 0002-9645, 0002-9645 KW - Coal Ash KW - 0 KW - Particulate Matter KW - Carbon KW - 7440-44-0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Body Temperature -- drug effects KW - Particle Size KW - Lung -- pathology KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Time Factors KW - Leukocyte Count -- veterinary KW - Goats -- physiology KW - Carbon -- toxicity KW - Carbon -- administration & dosage KW - Respiratory System -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68019833?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+veterinary+research&rft.atitle=Effects+of+aerosolized+class+C+fly+ash+in+weanling+goats.&rft.au=Purdy%2C+Charles+W%3BStraus%2C+David+C%3BAyers%2C+J+R&rft.aulast=Purdy&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=991&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+veterinary+research&rft.issn=00029645&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-08-18 N1 - Date created - 2005-07-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Examination of fungal stress response genes using Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model system: targeting genes affecting aflatoxin biosynthesis by Aspergillus flavus Link. AN - 67953203; 15614562 AB - Saccharomyces cerevisiae served as a model fungal system to examine functional genomics of oxidative stress responses and reactions to test antioxidant compounds. Twenty-two strains of S. cerevisiae, including a broad spectrum of singular gene deletion mutants, were exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to examine phenotypic response to oxidative stress. Responses of particular mutants treated with gallic, tannic or caffeic acids, or methyl gallate, during H2O2 exposure, indicated that these compounds alleviated oxidative stress. These compounds are also potent inhibitors of aflatoxin biosynthesis in Aspergillus flavus. To gain further insights into a potential link between oxidative stress and aflatoxin biosynthesis, 43 orthologs of S. cerevisiae genes involved in gene regulation, signal transduction (e.g., SHO1, HOG1, etc.) and antioxidation (e.g., CTT1, CTA1, etc.) were identified in an A. flavus expressed sequence tag library. A successful exemplary functional complementation of an antioxidative stress gene from A. flavus, mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (sodA), in a sod2Delta yeast mutant further supported the potential of S. cerevisiae deletion mutants to serve as a model system to study A. flavus. Use of this system to further examine functional genomics of oxidative stress in aflatoxigenesis and reduction of aflatoxin biosynthesis by antioxidants is discussed. JF - Applied microbiology and biotechnology AU - Kim, Jong H AU - Campbell, Bruce C AU - Yu, Jiujiang AU - Mahoney, Noreen AU - Chan, Kathleen L AU - Molyneux, Russell J AU - Bhatnagar, Deepak AU - Cleveland, Thomas E AD - Plant Mycotoxin Research Unit, Western Regional Research Center, USDA-ARS, 800 Buchanan St., Albany, CA 94710, USA. Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - June 2005 SP - 807 EP - 815 VL - 67 IS - 6 SN - 0175-7598, 0175-7598 KW - Aflatoxins KW - 0 KW - Antioxidants KW - Caffeic Acids KW - Tannins KW - methyl gallate KW - 623D3XG80C KW - Gallic Acid KW - 632XD903SP KW - Hydrogen Peroxide KW - BBX060AN9V KW - Superoxide Dismutase KW - EC 1.15.1.1 KW - caffeic acid KW - U2S3A33KVM KW - Index Medicus KW - Aflatoxins -- biosynthesis KW - Gallic Acid -- pharmacology KW - Genes, Bacterial KW - Genes, Fungal KW - Tannins -- pharmacology KW - Gallic Acid -- analogs & derivatives KW - Antioxidants -- pharmacology KW - Caffeic Acids -- pharmacology KW - Oxidative Stress -- drug effects KW - Genetic Complementation Test KW - Superoxide Dismutase -- genetics KW - Gene Targeting KW - Expressed Sequence Tags KW - Mutation KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae -- genetics KW - Aspergillus flavus -- genetics KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae -- metabolism KW - Aspergillus flavus -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67953203?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rangeland+Ecology+%26+Management&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+GPFARM+for+Simulation+of+Forage+Production+and+Cow-Calf+Weights&rft.au=Andales%2C+Allan+A%3BDerner%2C+Justin+D%3BBartling%2C+Patricia+NS%3BAhuja%2C+Lajpat+R%3BDunn%2C+Gale+H%3BHart%2C+Richard+H%3BHanson%2C+Jon+D&rft.aulast=Andales&rft.aufirst=Allan&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=247&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Rangeland+Ecology+%26+Management&rft.issn=15507424&rft_id=info:doi/10.2111%2F1551-5028%282005%29582.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-09-15 N1 - Date created - 2005-06-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fungal infections of fresh-cut fruit can be detected by the gas chromatography-mass spectrometric identification of microbial volatile organic compounds. AN - 67930058; 15954710 AB - There is a large and rapidly growing market for fresh-cut fruit. Microbial volatile organic compounds indicate the presence of fungal or bacterial contamination in fruit. In order to determine whether microbial volatile organic compounds can be used to detect contamination before fruit becomes unmarketable, pieces of cantaloupe, apple, pineapple, and orange were inoculated with a variety of fungal species, incubated at 25 degrees C, then sealed in glass vials. The volatiles were extracted by headspace solid-phase microextraction and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Forty-five compounds were identified that might serve as unique identifiers of fungal contamination. Fungal contamination can be detected as early as 24 h after inoculation. JF - Journal of food protection AU - Lloyd, Steven W AU - Grimm, Casey C AU - Klich, Maren A AU - Beltz, Shannon B AD - Southern Regional Research Center, 1100 Robert E. Lee Boulevard, New Orleans, Louisiana 70124, USA. slloyd@srrc.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - June 2005 SP - 1211 EP - 1216 VL - 68 IS - 6 SN - 0362-028X, 0362-028X KW - Index Medicus KW - Odorants -- analysis KW - Food Microbiology KW - Consumer Product Safety KW - Volatilization KW - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry -- methods KW - Fruit -- microbiology KW - Food Handling -- methods KW - Food Contamination -- analysis KW - Food Preservation -- methods KW - Fruit -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67930058?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.atitle=Fungal+infections+of+fresh-cut+fruit+can+be+detected+by+the+gas+chromatography-mass+spectrometric+identification+of+microbial+volatile+organic+compounds.&rft.au=Lloyd%2C+Steven+W%3BGrimm%2C+Casey+C%3BKlich%2C+Maren+A%3BBeltz%2C+Shannon+B&rft.aulast=Lloyd&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1211&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.issn=0362028X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-07-18 N1 - Date created - 2005-06-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mechanistic aspects of the interaction between selenium and arsenic. AN - 67873486; 15917080 AB - Selenium is an essential trace element for humans and other animals, and there is mounting evidence for the efficacy of certain forms of selenium as cancer-chemopreventive compounds. However, over the years, numerous elements such as As, Cu, Zn, Cd, Hg, Sn, Pb, Ni, Co, Sb, Bi, Ag, Au, and Mo have been found to inhibit anti-carcinogenic effects of selenium, which may affect the anti-carcinogenic activity of selenium. The interaction between selenium and arsenic has been one of the most extensively studied. The proposed mechanisms of this interaction include the increase of biliary excretion and direct interaction/precipitation of selenium and arsenic, and their effects on zinc finger protein function, cellular signaling and methylation pathways. This article focuses on these proposed mechanisms and how anti-carcinogenic effects of selenium may be affected by arsenic. JF - Journal of inorganic biochemistry AU - Zeng, Huawei AU - Uthus, Eric O AU - Combs, Gerald F AD - Agricultural Research Service, Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture, 2420, 2nd Avenue, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9034, USA. hzeng@gfhnrc.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - June 2005 SP - 1269 EP - 1274 VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0162-0134, 0162-0134 KW - Anticarcinogenic Agents KW - 0 KW - Selenium KW - H6241UJ22B KW - Arsenic KW - N712M78A8G KW - Index Medicus KW - Zinc Fingers -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Drug Interactions KW - Humans KW - Signal Transduction -- drug effects KW - DNA Methylation -- drug effects KW - Methylation KW - Selenium -- metabolism KW - Arsenic -- toxicity KW - Arsenic -- metabolism KW - Anticarcinogenic Agents -- pharmacology KW - Selenium -- pharmacology KW - Anticarcinogenic Agents -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67873486?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+inorganic+biochemistry&rft.atitle=Mechanistic+aspects+of+the+interaction+between+selenium+and+arsenic.&rft.au=Zeng%2C+Huawei%3BUthus%2C+Eric+O%3BCombs%2C+Gerald+F&rft.aulast=Zeng&rft.aufirst=Huawei&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1269&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+inorganic+biochemistry&rft.issn=01620134&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-07-28 N1 - Date created - 2005-05-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Conservation of natural enemies in cotton: comparative selectivity of acetamiprid in the management of Bemisia tabaci. AN - 67841521; 15712368 AB - The integrated control concept emphasizes the importance of both chemical and biological control for pest suppression in agricultural systems. A two-year field study was conducted to evaluate the selectivity of acetamiprid for the control of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) in cotton compared with a proven selective regime based on the insect growth regulators (IGRs) pyriproxyfen and buprofezin. Acetamiprid was highly effective in controlling all stages of B tabaci compared with an untreated control, and generally produced lower pest densities than the IGR regime. Univariate analyses indicated that nine of 17 taxa of arthropod predators were significantly depressed with the use of acetamiprid compared with an untreated control, including common species such as Geocoris punctipes (Say), Orius tristicolor (White), Chrysoperla carnea Stephens sensu lato, Collops vittatus (Say), Hippodamia convergens Guérin-Méneville, and Drapetis nr divergens. Compared with results from independent, concurrent studies using mixtures of broad-spectrum insecticides at the same research site, acetamiprid depressed populations of fewer predator taxa; but, for eight predator taxa significantly affected by both regimes, the average population reduction was roughly equal. In contrast, only four taxa were significantly reduced in the IGR regime compared with the untreated control and three of these were omnivores that function primarily as plant pests. Principal response curves analyses (a time-dependent, multivariate ordination method) confirmed these patterns of population change for the entire predator community. Predator:prey ratios generally increased with the use of both IGRs and acetamiprid compared with an untreated control, but ratios were consistently higher with IGRs. Parasitism by aphelinid parasitoids was unaffected or depressed slightly in all insecticide regimes compared with the control. Because of its high efficacy, acetamiprid may play an important role in later stages of B tabaci control where less emphasis is placed on selectivity. However, our results suggest that acetamiprid would be a poor substitute for the currently used IGRs in the initial stage of control where insecticide selectivity is crucial to a functional integrated control program for B tabaci in cotton. JF - Pest management science AU - Naranjo, Steven E AU - Akey, David H AD - Western Cotton Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS, 4135 East Broadway Road, Phoenix, AZ 85040, USA. snaranjo@wcrl.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - June 2005 SP - 555 EP - 566 VL - 61 IS - 6 SN - 1526-498X, 1526-498X KW - Insecticides KW - 0 KW - Juvenile Hormones KW - Pyridines KW - acetamiprid KW - 5HL5N372P0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Predatory Behavior KW - Larva -- physiology KW - Population Density KW - Nymph -- physiology KW - Time Factors KW - Nymph -- drug effects KW - Juvenile Hormones -- pharmacology KW - Larva -- drug effects KW - Hemiptera -- physiology KW - Pyridines -- pharmacology KW - Insecticides -- pharmacology KW - Gossypium -- parasitology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67841521?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pest+management+science&rft.atitle=Conservation+of+natural+enemies+in+cotton%3A+comparative+selectivity+of+acetamiprid+in+the+management+of+Bemisia+tabaci.&rft.au=Naranjo%2C+Steven+E%3BAkey%2C+David+H&rft.aulast=Naranjo&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=555&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pest+management+science&rft.issn=1526498X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-07-21 N1 - Date created - 2005-05-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of calves exhibiting a novel inheritable TNF-alpha hyperresponsiveness to endotoxin: associations with increased pathophysiological complications. AN - 67832277; 15661839 AB - A subpopulation of calves, herein termed "hyperresponders" (HPR), was identified and defined by the patterns of plasma TNF-alpha concentrations that developed following two challenges with endotoxin (LPS, 0.8 mug Escherichia coli 055:B5 LPS/kg(0.75) live body wt) separated by 5 days. The principle characteristic of HPR calves was a failure to develop tolerance to repeated LPS challenge that was evident in the magnitude of the TNF-alpha concentrations and prolonged severity of pathological sequellae. Whereas calves failing to develop LPS tolerance were identified on the basis of their excessive in vivo plasma TNF-alpha concentration responses, in vitro TNF-alpha responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from each calf and challenged with LPS or PMA did not correlate or predict the magnitude of in vivo plasma TNF response of the calf. Intentional breeding to obtain calves from bulls and/or cows documented as HPR resulted in offspring displaying the HPR character when similar progeny calves were tested with LPS in vivo, with extensive controls in place to account for sources of variability in the general TNF-alpha response to LPS that might compromise interpretation of the data. Feed intake, clinical serology and hematology profiles, and acute-phase protein responses of HPR calves following LPS were significantly different from those of calves displaying tolerance. These results suggest that the pattern of plasma TNF-alpha changes that evolve from a low-level double LPS challenge effectively reveal the presence of a genetic potential for animals to display excessive or prolonged pathological response to LPS-related stress and compromised prognosis for recovery. JF - Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) AU - Elsasser, T H AU - Blum, J W AU - Kahl, S AD - Growth Biology Laboratory, US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, B-200, Rm. 201, B.A.R.C.-east, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA. elsasser@anri.barc.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - June 2005 SP - 2045 EP - 2055 VL - 98 IS - 6 SN - 8750-7587, 8750-7587 KW - Acute-Phase Proteins KW - 0 KW - Lipopolysaccharides KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha KW - lipopolysaccharide, E coli O55-B5 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cattle KW - Metabolic Clearance Rate KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation KW - Species Specificity KW - Female KW - Hypersensitivity -- immunology KW - Drug Resistance -- genetics KW - Immunity, Innate -- immunology KW - Immunity, Innate -- drug effects KW - Drug Resistance -- immunology KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha -- immunology KW - Hypersensitivity -- etiology KW - Lipopolysaccharides -- toxicity KW - Hypersensitivity -- genetics KW - Acute-Phase Proteins -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67832277?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+applied+physiology+%28Bethesda%2C+Md.+%3A+1985%29&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+calves+exhibiting+a+novel+inheritable+TNF-alpha+hyperresponsiveness+to+endotoxin%3A+associations+with+increased+pathophysiological+complications.&rft.au=Elsasser%2C+T+H%3BBlum%2C+J+W%3BKahl%2C+S&rft.aulast=Elsasser&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=98&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2045&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+applied+physiology+%28Bethesda%2C+Md.+%3A+1985%29&rft.issn=87507587&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-08-19 N1 - Date created - 2005-05-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sustainability planning in a semi-arid fast growing region: South Texas AN - 36482662; 3304211 JF - Journal of environmental management AU - Byun, D W AU - Kim, S AU - Czader, B AU - Nowak, D AU - Stetson, S AU - Estes, M AU - Lin, C J AU - Ho, T C AU - Chu, H w AU - Yang, H AU - Mojica, M J AU - Hopper, J R AU - Chandru, S AU - Krishnarajanagar, N AU - Chiou, P AU - Knebl, M R AU - Yang, Z L AU - Hutchison, K AU - Maidment, D R AU - Davila, E AU - Chang, N B AU - Diwakaruni, S AU - Sheng, Z AU - Glasscock, S N AU - Grant, W E AU - Drawe, D L AU - Hart, C R AU - White, L D AU - McDonald, A AD - University of Houston ; USDA Forest Service ; Global Environmental Management ; Texas Commission on the Environmental Quality ; Lamar University ; University of Texas ; Center for Space Research ; Texas A&M University-Kingsville ; Welder Wildlife Foundation ; Texas A and M University ; Texas A&M University Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 285 EP - 409 VL - 75 IS - 4 SN - 0301-4797, 0301-4797 KW - Sociology KW - Economics KW - Emissions KW - Ozone KW - U.S.A. KW - Game theory KW - Flora KW - Water resources KW - Air quality KW - Waste management KW - GARCH models KW - Nash equilibrium KW - Floods KW - Waste recycling KW - Rivers KW - Coastal areas KW - Wildlife KW - Planning methods KW - Texas KW - Precipitation KW - Arid zones KW - Land use KW - Sustainability KW - Livestock KW - Urban growth KW - Storage KW - Air pollution KW - Uncertainty KW - Cattle KW - Environmental management KW - Groundwater KW - Geographical information systems UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36482662?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+environmental+management&rft.atitle=Sustainability+planning+in+a+semi-arid+fast+growing+region%3A+South+Texas&rft.au=Byun%2C+D+W%3BKim%2C+S%3BCzader%2C+B%3BNowak%2C+D%3BStetson%2C+S%3BEstes%2C+M%3BLin%2C+C+J%3BHo%2C+T+C%3BChu%2C+H+w%3BYang%2C+H%3BMojica%2C+M+J%3BHopper%2C+J+R%3BChandru%2C+S%3BKrishnarajanagar%2C+N%3BChiou%2C+P%3BKnebl%2C+M+R%3BYang%2C+Z+L%3BHutchison%2C+K%3BMaidment%2C+D+R%3BDavila%2C+E%3BChang%2C+N+B%3BDiwakaruni%2C+S%3BSheng%2C+Z%3BGlasscock%2C+S+N%3BGrant%2C+W+E%3BDrawe%2C+D+L%3BHart%2C+C+R%3BWhite%2C+L+D%3BMcDonald%2C+A&rft.aulast=Byun&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=285&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+environmental+management&rft.issn=03014797&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - SuppNotes - Collection of 9 articles N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 12434; 1250 2384 2381 8560 9511 4309; 13176 13167 3483; 4330 7625; 9560; 892 886 8560 9511 4309; 891 9818; 10006 13505 2381 8560 9511 4309; 5068 8559 3601; 11077 13467 9511 4309; 13463 7625; 13464 10669; 13078; 5388 3864 8163 12759 12228 10919; 5403 8010 4025; 8473 4378; 7474 1046; 2079 7622 1046; 5069 1601 8560 9511 4309; 13564 8578; 7217 7201 4025; 2427 2431 7197 8560 9511 4309 10738 12092; 5472 6537 6515; 5632 13467 9511 4309; 12293; 13484 13467 9511 4309; 419 433 293 14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimation of biogenic emissions with satellite-derived land use and land cover data for air quality modeling of Houston-Galveston ozone nonattainment area AN - 36477269; 3303660 JF - Journal of environmental management AU - Byun, D W AU - Kim, S AU - Czader, B AU - Nowak, D AU - Stetson, S AU - Estes, M AD - University of Houston ; USDA Forest Service ; Global Environmental Management ; Texas Commission on the Environmental Quality Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 285 EP - 302 VL - 75 IS - 4 SN - 0301-4797, 0301-4797 KW - Sociology KW - Economics KW - Emissions KW - U.S.A. KW - Air pollution KW - Uncertainty KW - Texas KW - Air quality KW - Estimation KW - Meteorology KW - Environmental management KW - Data analysis KW - Land use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36477269?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+environmental+management&rft.atitle=Estimation+of+biogenic+emissions+with+satellite-derived+land+use+and+land+cover+data+for+air+quality+modeling+of+Houston-Galveston+ozone+nonattainment+area&rft.au=Byun%2C+D+W%3BKim%2C+S%3BCzader%2C+B%3BNowak%2C+D%3BStetson%2C+S%3BEstes%2C+M&rft.aulast=Byun&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=285&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+environmental+management&rft.issn=03014797&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jenvman.2004.10.009 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 7991 2381 8560 9511 4309 4342 11325; 4330 7625; 4403 7854; 892 886 8560 9511 4309; 13078; 3279 971 3286; 891 9818; 7217 7201 4025; 419 433 293 14 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2004.10.009 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Functional Expression of Bacterial Zymobacter palmae Pyruvate Decarboxylase Gene in Lactococcus lactis AN - 20718023; 6794405 AB - A pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC) gene from bacterial Zymobacter palmae (Zymopdc) was cloned, characterized, and introduced into Lactococcus lactis via a shuttle vector pAK80 as part of a research strategy to develop an efficient ethanol-producing lactic acid bacteria (LAB). The expression levels of Zymopdc gene in the host, as measured by a colorimetric assay based on PDC catalyzed formation of (R)-phenylacetylcarbinol ((R)-PAC), appeared to be dependent on the strength of corresponding Gram-positive promoters. A constitutive, highly expressed promoter conferred the greatest PDC activity, and an acid-inducible promoter demonstrated acid-inducible expression. The metabolic production of ethanol and other products was examined in flask fermentations. More than eightfold increases in acetaldehyde concentrations were detected in two recombinant strains. However, no detectable differences for ethanol fermentation in these engineered strains were observed compared with that of the strain carrying lacZ reporter. JF - Current Microbiology AU - Liu, Siqing AU - Dien, Bruce S AU - Cotta, Michael A AD - National Center for Agriculture Utilization Research, USDA, ARS, 1815 N. University St., Peoria, IL, 61604, USA, lius@ncaur.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 324 EP - 328 PB - Springer-Verlag, Life Science Journals, 175 Fifth Ave. New York NY 10010 USA, [mailto:orders@springer-ny.com], [URL:http://www.springer-ny.com/] VL - 50 IS - 6 SN - 0343-8651, 0343-8651 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Bacteria KW - Lactococcus lactis KW - Fermentation KW - Acetaldehyde KW - Colorimetry KW - shuttle vectors KW - Lactic acid bacteria KW - Promoters KW - pdC gene KW - Pyruvate decarboxylase KW - Zymobacter palmae KW - Ethanol KW - W 30905:Medical Applications KW - J 02728:Enzymes KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology KW - G 07770:Bacteria KW - J 02740:Genetics and evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20718023?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Functional+Expression+of+Bacterial+Zymobacter+palmae+Pyruvate+Decarboxylase+Gene+in+Lactococcus+lactis&rft.au=Liu%2C+Siqing%3BDien%2C+Bruce+S%3BCotta%2C+Michael+A&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Siqing&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=324&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+Microbiology&rft.issn=03438651&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00284-005-4485-x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Promoters; pdC gene; Fermentation; Acetaldehyde; Pyruvate decarboxylase; Colorimetry; Lactic acid bacteria; shuttle vectors; Ethanol; Bacteria; Lactococcus lactis; Zymobacter palmae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00284-005-4485-x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of Fire and El Nino on Tree Recruitment Varies by Species in Sierran Mixed Conifer AN - 20296031; 8894176 AB - The influence of fire and climate events on age structure of different species was examined in old-growth mixed conifer in the southern Sierra Nevada. Within a 48-ha stem-mapped sample area, after a mechanical thinning, all stumps were examined for fire scars and 526 stumps were cut to ground level and aged. Before 1865, which was the last widespread fire event, the mean interval between scars for an individual tree was 17.3 years and the mean fire return interval for the period with the greatest number of recording trees was 11.4 years. A significantly greater than expected number of fires occurred in dry La Nina years, but these fires were not significantly larger in size than fires in other years. The response of mixed-conifer recruitment to climate and fire events varied by species. Before 1865, Jeffrey pine and sugar pine recruitment were correlated with wet El Nino years, but only sugar pine establishment was associated with fire. Red fir recruitment did not follow fire events but was associated with El Nino years before and after 1865. Most white fir and incense cedar (84% ), including many large-diameter trees (> 76 cm dbh), recruited after the last widespread fire in 1865. Although tree distribution is clustered in the southern Sierra Nevada, mixed-conifer groups are not age cohorts because species have different recruitment patterns relative to climate and fire events. In mixed conifer, top-down effects of fire and weather on recruitment are mediated by different species responses to these effects and within-stand differences in where species are located. FOR. SCI. 51(3):187- 197. JF - Forest Science AU - North, Malcolm AU - Hurteau, Matthew AU - Fiegener, Robert AU - Barbour, Michael AD - USFS Sierra Nevada Research Center 2121 2nd Ave., Suite A-101 Davis CA 95616, mnorthatucdavis.edu Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 187 EP - 197 PB - Society of American Foresters, 5400 Grosvenor Lane Bethesda Maryland 20814 USA, [mailto:safweb@safnet.org], [URL:http://www.safnet.org/index.shtml] VL - 51 IS - 3 SN - 0015-749X, 0015-749X KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Abies concolor KW - Abies magnifica KW - Calocedrus decurrens KW - climate KW - microclimate KW - old-growth KW - Palmer Drought Severity Index KW - Pinus jeffreyi KW - Pinus lambertiana KW - Sierra Nevada KW - Teakettle Experimental Forest KW - environmental management KW - forest KW - forest management KW - forest resources KW - forestry KW - forestry research KW - forestry science KW - natural resources KW - natural resource management KW - Weather KW - age groups KW - Fires KW - Age KW - thinning KW - Trees KW - La Nina KW - Forests KW - conifers KW - El Nino KW - recruitment KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - M2 551.588:Environmental Influences (551.588) KW - ENA 21:Wildlife UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20296031?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forest+Science&rft.atitle=Influence+of+Fire+and+El+Nino+on+Tree+Recruitment+Varies+by+Species+in+Sierran+Mixed+Conifer&rft.au=North%2C+Malcolm%3BHurteau%2C+Matthew%3BFiegener%2C+Robert%3BBarbour%2C+Michael&rft.aulast=North&rft.aufirst=Malcolm&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=187&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Forest+Science&rft.issn=0015749X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fires; El Nino; La Nina; age groups; Weather; Age; thinning; Trees; Forests; recruitment; conifers; Pinus jeffreyi ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hypogeous Ectomycorrhizal Fungal Species on Roots and in Small Mammal Diet in a Mixed-Conifer Forest AN - 20289753; 8894181 AB - The purpose of this study was to estimate the portion of an ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi root community with a hypogeous fruiting habit. We used molecular methods (DNA sequence analysis of the internally transcribed spacer [ITS] region of rDNA) to compare three viewpoints: ECM fungi on the roots in a southern Sierra Nevada Abies-dominated old-growth forest, fungi in scat samples collected from small mammals in the same forest, and hypogeous sporocarps found throughout the Sierra Nevada. We found that hypogeous taxa accounted for a minimum of 21% of the species and 25- 40% of the dry root biomass of all samples. This estimate is two to three times greater than estimates from previous studies. This difference may be due to methodological advantages of this study, but may also be related to conditions in dry forests typical of western North America where prolonged drought may favor this form of fruiting. Although molecular analysis of scat samples did not add to our view of the ECM roots, we readily isolated sequences from Rhizopogon species. From these results we inferred that two species, R. occidentalis and R. olivaceotinctus, are represented primarily in the spore bank and may be dependent on substantial disturbance to become abundant on roots. FOR. SCI. 51(3):243- 254. JF - Forest Science AU - Izzo, Antonio D AU - Meyer, Marc AU - Trappe, James M AU - North, Malcolm AU - Bruns, Thomas D AD - Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of California, Berkeley 321 Koshland Hall Berkeley CA 94720-3102 Current Address: Tree Fruit Laboratory USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS) 1104 N. Western Avenue Wenatchee WA 98801 Phone: Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 243 EP - 254 PB - Society of American Foresters, 5400 Grosvenor Lane Bethesda Maryland 20814 USA, [mailto:safweb@safnet.org], [URL:http://www.safnet.org/index.shtml] VL - 51 IS - 3 SN - 0015-749X, 0015-749X KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Mycophagy KW - community structure KW - fecal pellet KW - environmental management KW - forest KW - forest management KW - forest resources KW - forestry KW - forestry research KW - forestry science KW - natural resources KW - natural resource management KW - sporocarps KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Carcinoembryonic antigen KW - Forests KW - Roots KW - taxa KW - Rhizopogon KW - dry forests KW - Droughts KW - mammals KW - Diets KW - disturbance KW - Fungi KW - Spacer KW - Biomass KW - Dry forests KW - Ectomycorrhizas KW - Extracellular matrix KW - DNA KW - Spores KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - A 01390:Forestry KW - ENA 21:Wildlife KW - K 03310:Genetics & Taxonomy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20289753?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forest+Science&rft.atitle=Hypogeous+Ectomycorrhizal+Fungal+Species+on+Roots+and+in+Small+Mammal+Diet+in+a+Mixed-Conifer+Forest&rft.au=Izzo%2C+Antonio+D%3BMeyer%2C+Marc%3BTrappe%2C+James+M%3BNorth%2C+Malcolm%3BBruns%2C+Thomas+D&rft.aulast=Izzo&rft.aufirst=Antonio&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=243&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Forest+Science&rft.issn=0015749X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diets; sporocarps; Fungi; Nucleotide sequence; Carcinoembryonic antigen; Roots; Spacer; Dry forests; Biomass; Ectomycorrhizas; Extracellular matrix; Spores; Droughts; mammals; disturbance; DNA; Forests; taxa; dry forests; Rhizopogon ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stand Conditions Associated with Tree Regeneration in Sierran Mixed-Conifer Forests AN - 20289748; 8894177 AB - Fire suppression has significantly increased canopy cover, litter depth, and stem density in many western forests, altering microsite conditions that affect tree seedling establishment. We conducted studies in a mixed-conifer forest in the Sierra Nevada, California, to determine relationships between established understory trees and microsite quality, and to examine the effect of fire intensity and shrub cover on seedling establishment. Most of the conifer species were found on microsites with relatively high soil moisture and relatively low direct solar radiation. All species had greater frequency under shadier conditions except for Jeffrey pine, which was found on drier, more open microsites. Although seedlings were more abundant on mineral soil than expected, intact litter and forest floor was not a barrier to establishment. Mortality of planted seedlings was high, particularly in exposed areas. Although shrub cover may initially aid survival, few conifer saplings were present in shrub-dominated patches, possibly because shrubs can be aggressive competitors for soil moisture. The lack of regeneration, logs, or snags in many openings suggest that large gaps are hostile environments for tree seedlings. Results suggest that reductions in shrub cover may benefit tree establishment, but increasing understory light and decreasing surface soil moisture through canopy cover reductions may not. FOR. SCI. 51(3):198- 210. JF - Forest Science AU - Gray, Andrew N AU - Zald, Harold S J AU - Kern, Ruth A AU - North, Malcolm AD - Pacific Northwest Research Station USDA Forest Service 3200 SW, Jefferson Way Corvallis OR 97331, agray01atfs.fed.us Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 198 EP - 210 PB - Society of American Foresters, 5400 Grosvenor Lane Bethesda Maryland 20814 USA, [mailto:safweb@safnet.org], [URL:http://www.safnet.org/index.shtml] VL - 51 IS - 3 SN - 0015-749X, 0015-749X KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Natural regeneration KW - microclimate KW - fire KW - shrub competition KW - old-growth KW - Abies concolor KW - Abies magnifica KW - Calocedrus decurrens KW - Pinus jeffreyi KW - Pinus lambertiana KW - Prunus emarginata KW - Quercus kelloggii KW - Ceanothus cordulatus KW - Arctostaphylos patula KW - environmental management KW - forest KW - forest management KW - forest resources KW - forestry KW - forestry research KW - forestry science KW - natural resources KW - natural resource management KW - Mortality KW - Fires KW - Litter KW - regeneration KW - Trees KW - Forests KW - Solar radiation KW - USA, California, Sierra Nevada Mts. KW - conifers KW - shrubs KW - Soil KW - understory KW - forest floor KW - Seedlings KW - USA, California KW - Soil moisture KW - survival KW - Minerals KW - canopies KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 15:Renewable Resources-Terrestrial UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20289748?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forest+Science&rft.atitle=Stand+Conditions+Associated+with+Tree+Regeneration+in+Sierran+Mixed-Conifer+Forests&rft.au=Gray%2C+Andrew+N%3BZald%2C+Harold+S+J%3BKern%2C+Ruth+A%3BNorth%2C+Malcolm&rft.aulast=Gray&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=198&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Forest+Science&rft.issn=0015749X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fires; Mortality; Litter; regeneration; Trees; Forests; Solar radiation; shrubs; conifers; Soil; forest floor; understory; Seedlings; survival; Soil moisture; Minerals; canopies; Pinus jeffreyi; USA, California; USA, California, Sierra Nevada Mts. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dose-Response of Codling Moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) to Ethyl (E, Z)-2,4-Decadienoate in Apple Orchards Treated with Sex Pheromone Dispensers AN - 20197849; 6256528 AB - Studies were conducted in apple, Malus domestica Borkhausen, orchards to evaluate the attractiveness of the kairomone, ethyl (E, Z)-2,4-decadienoate (pear ester), loaded at various rates into gray halobutyl septa, to adult codling moth, Cydia pomonella L. All studies were conducted in orchards treated with sex pheromone mating disruption. Lure loadings from 0.01 mu g to 50.0 mg were evaluated in 12 orchard plots in 1999. Lures loaded with 1.0-50.0 and 0.1-50.0 mg caught significantly more male and female moths than the blank control, respectively. Field dose-response studies were repeated with five lure rates (0.1-40.0 mg) of pear ester during four periods during the 2000 season. Significant seasonal date and rate effects were found for the capture of males and female moths. The 0.1-mg lure caught significantly fewer males than the 1.0-, 3.0-, and 40.0-mg lures. The 40.0-mg lure caught significantly fewer female moths than the 1.0- and 3.0-mg lures. The 3.0-mg lure caught a higher proportion of virgin females than the 10.0- and 40.0-mg lures. The attractiveness of the 1.0 and 3.0 mg pear ester loadings were compared with a sex pheromone lure during a 10-wk trial in 2002. Both pear ester lures caught significantly fewer moths than the sex pheromone lure during the first 4 wk of the study and over the entire 10-wk period. However, no difference among lures occurred during week 5, and the 3.0-mg lure caught significantly more moths than the sex pheromone lure during week 6. The 3.0-mg lure caught a significantly higher proportion of female moths and a higher proportion of virgin female moths than the 1.0-mg lure. These studies suggest that the optimal loading of pear ester for capture of codling moth in mating disrupted apple orchards likely depends on the specific objectives of the monitoring program. JF - Environmental Entomology AU - Knight, AL AU - Light, D M Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 604 EP - 609 PB - Entomological Society of America VL - 34 IS - 3 SN - 0046-225X, 0046-225X KW - Leaf rollers KW - Lepidoptera KW - Moths KW - apple KW - Entomology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Mating disruption KW - Mating behavior KW - Tortricidae KW - Sex pheromone KW - Herbivory KW - Malus domestica KW - Esters KW - Cydia pomonella KW - Orchards KW - Kairomones KW - D 04659:Insects KW - Z 05207:Agricultural & general applied entomology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20197849?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Entomology&rft.atitle=Dose-Response+of+Codling+Moth+%28Lepidoptera%3A+Tortricidae%29+to+Ethyl+%28E%2C+Z%29-2%2C4-Decadienoate+in+Apple+Orchards+Treated+with+Sex+Pheromone+Dispensers&rft.au=Knight%2C+AL%3BLight%2C+D+M&rft.aulast=Knight&rft.aufirst=AL&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=604&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Entomology&rft.issn=0046225X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1043%2F0046-225X%282005%290342.0.CO%3B2 L2 - http://journals.allenpress.com/jrnlserv/?request=get-abstract&issn=0046-225X&volume=34&issue=3&page=604 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mating behavior; Mating disruption; Sex pheromone; Herbivory; Esters; Orchards; Kairomones; Tortricidae; Malus domestica; Cydia pomonella; Lepidoptera DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1043/0046-225X(2005)034[0604:DOCMLT]2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tarnished Plant Bug (Heteroptera: Miridae) Populations near Fields After Early Season Herbicide Treatment AN - 20195194; 6256540 AB - A single herbicide (Trimec registered or Strike 3 registered ) application in early season (March or April) was made to marginal areas around fields in 23-km super(2) test sites of the Mississippi Delta in 1999, 2000, and 2001. The herbicide was used to kill broadleaf weeds in the marginal areas that served as hosts for tarnished plant bugs, Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois). The herbicide treatment caused a significant reduction in wild host densities in the treated test sites in all 3 yr. Tarnished plant bug populations in treated test sites did not increase significantly in the treated marginal areas during April and May after treatment of the margins in the first 2 wk of March in 2000 and 2001. The herbicide application was made in the first 2 wk of April 1999, and plant bug populations increased in treated marginal areas in this year. The increase was thought to be caused by plant bugs moving to Italian ryegrass, Lolium multiflorum Lamarck, a previously unreported plant bug host, which was not affected by the herbicide. Laboratory tests showed that plant bugs would oviposit in flowering or nonflowering ryegrass when caged on ryegrass for a 6-d period. Newly emerged nymphs developed into adults (56%) when reared on floral spikelets of ryegrass, but no adults were obtained when they were reared on ryegrass stems and leaves. Rearing on floral spikelets beginning with third-instar nymphs resulted in 92% adults, whereas third-instar nymphs reared on stems and leaves produced no adults. These results showed that ryegrass could serve as a reproductive host for plant bugs when it flowered during late April and May. Application of the herbicide in March, when ryegrass was not in flower, resulted in no significant increases in plant bug populations on wild hosts (mainly ryegrass) during April and May in 2 yr of the field study. JF - Environmental Entomology AU - Snodgrass, G L AU - Scott, W P AU - Abel, CA AU - Robbins, J T AU - Gore, J AU - Hardee, D D AD - SIMRU, USDA-ARS, PO Box 346, Stoneville, MS 38776, gsnodgrass@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 705 EP - 711 PB - Entomological Society of America VL - 34 IS - 3 SN - 0046-225X, 0046-225X KW - Hemiptera KW - Plant Bugs KW - Tarnished plant bug KW - True bugs KW - Entomology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Flowering KW - Weeds KW - Lolium multiflorum KW - Leaves KW - Herbicides KW - Miridae KW - Stems KW - Host plants KW - Lygus lineolaris KW - D 04659:Insects KW - Z 05207:Agricultural & general applied entomology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20195194?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=53rd+Joint+Meeting+of+the+North+American+Benthological+Society+and+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Rolling+Stones%3A+Studying+Aquatic+Invertebrates+on+Hard+Rock+Substrates&rft.au=Testa%2C+Sam%3BCooper%2C+Charles+M&rft.aulast=Testa&rft.aufirst=Sam&rft.date=2005-05-23&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=53rd+Joint+Meeting+of+the+North+American+Benthological+Society+and+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://journals.allenpress.com/jrnlserv/?request=get-abstract&issn=0046-225X&volume=34&issue=3&page=705 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Flowering; Weeds; Leaves; Herbicides; Stems; Host plants; Lolium multiflorum; Miridae; Lygus lineolaris; Hemiptera DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1043/0046-225X(2005)034[0705:TPBHMP]2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interactions Among Western Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), Yellow Foxtail, and Corn AN - 20156102; 6256531 AB - Field studies at sites with two contrasting soil types investigated effects from the presence of yellow foxtail [Setaria pumila (Poir.) Roem. and Schult.], established in bands parallel to corn rows, on western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte) survival, corn root injury, lodging, biomass production, and yield. Results suggested that the presence of foxtail as an alternate host influenced the degree and progression of corn rootworm damage and adult emergence in a given locality. Rootworm adults emerged later from foxtail band areas and had smaller head capsule size than did individuals from areas without foxtail, consistent with earlier findings that foxtail in the diet of western corn rootworm was a poor nutritional substitute for corn. Lodging was reduced in the presence of yellow foxtail in some cases, but corn stover biomass and yield also were lower. Influences, if any, of soil type on rootworm survival were unclear because of differences in planting date between the two sites. Foxtail may function as a buffer to reduce rootworm damage to corn and serves as an alternate host that should be considered in the development of resistance management strategies for transgenic corn modified for rootworm resistance. JF - Environmental Entomology AU - Ellsbury, M M AU - Banken, K R AU - Clay, SA AU - Forcella, F AD - USDA-ARS, Northern Grain Insects Research Laboratory, 2923 Medary Ave. Brookings, SD 57006, mellsbur@ngirl.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 627 EP - 634 PB - Entomological Society of America VL - 34 IS - 3 SN - 0046-225X, 0046-225X KW - Beetles KW - Coleoptera KW - Leaf beetles KW - Western Corn Rootworm KW - Entomology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Soil types KW - Diets KW - Planting KW - Setaria pumila KW - Survival KW - Roots KW - Lodging KW - Biomass KW - Chrysomelidae KW - Diabrotica virgifera virgifera KW - D 04659:Insects KW - Z 05207:Agricultural & general applied entomology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20156102?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Entomology&rft.atitle=Interactions+Among+Western+Corn+Rootworm+%28Coleoptera%3A+Chrysomelidae%29%2C+Yellow+Foxtail%2C+and+Corn&rft.au=Ellsbury%2C+M+M%3BBanken%2C+K+R%3BClay%2C+SA%3BForcella%2C+F&rft.aulast=Ellsbury&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=627&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Entomology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://journals.allenpress.com/jrnlserv/?request=get-abstract&issn=0046-225X&volume=34&issue=3&page=627 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diets; Soil types; Planting; Roots; Survival; Lodging; Biomass; Coleoptera; Setaria pumila; Diabrotica virgifera virgifera; Chrysomelidae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1043/0046-225X(2005)034[0627:IAWCRC]2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring Codling Moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in Apple with Blends of Ethyl (E, Z)-2,4-Decadienoate and Codlemone AN - 20155407; 6256527 AB - Studies evaluated blends of the pear-derived kairomone ethyl (E, Z)-2,4-decadienoate and codlemone, loaded in gray halobutyl septa, as attractants for adult codling moth, Cydia pomonella L. Studies were conducted in apple orchards, Malus domestica Borkhausen, treated with or without sex pheromone dispensers for mating disruption (MD). Septa were loaded with either one or both compounds at rates of 0.0, 0.3, and 3.0 mg pear ester and 0.0 and 3.0 mg codlemone in the first series of tests. Traps baited with a 3.0/3.0-mg blend caught significantly more males and total number of codling moths than traps baited with either compound alone in both types of orchards. Traps baited with two lures loaded individually with pear ester (3.0 mg) and codlemone (3.0 mg) caught significantly fewer males and total moths than traps baited with the dual lure (3.0/3.0 mg). The addition of 3.0 mg codlemone to pear ester did not significantly affect the capture of female moths. However, increasing the loading of pear ester from 0.3 to 3.0 mg in the dual lure significantly increased female moth catch in the untreated orchard but not in the sex pheromone MD orchard. Increasing the loading of pear ester to 20.0 mg in a dual lure with 3.0 mg codlemone significantly increased total codling moth catch compared with a 3.0 mg codlemone lure, but female catch was significantly lower compared with traps baited with a 3.0 mg pear ester lure. Adding a 3.0 mg pear ester lure to traps baited with a 42.0 mg sex pheromone lure significantly reduced male moth catch compared with the sex pheromone lure alone but did not reduce the catch of female moths compared with traps baited with a 3.0 mg pear ester lure alone. JF - Environmental Entomology AU - Knight, AL AU - Hilton, R AU - Light, D M AD - USDA-ARS, 5230 Konnowac Pass Rd., Wapato, WA 98951, aknight@yarl.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 598 EP - 603 PB - Entomological Society of America VL - 34 IS - 3 SN - 0046-225X, 0046-225X KW - Leaf rollers KW - Lepidoptera KW - Moths KW - apple KW - Entomology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Sex pheromone KW - Herbivory KW - Attractants KW - Esters KW - Orchards KW - Mating disruption KW - Tortricidae KW - Traps KW - Malus domestica KW - Cydia pomonella KW - Kairomones KW - D 04659:Insects KW - Z 05207:Agricultural & general applied entomology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20155407?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Entomology&rft.atitle=Monitoring+Codling+Moth+%28Lepidoptera%3A+Tortricidae%29+in+Apple+with+Blends+of+Ethyl+%28E%2C+Z%29-2%2C4-Decadienoate+and+Codlemone&rft.au=Knight%2C+AL%3BHilton%2C+R%3BLight%2C+D+M&rft.aulast=Knight&rft.aufirst=AL&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=598&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Entomology&rft.issn=0046225X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1043%2F0046-225X%282005%290342.0.CO%3B2 L2 - http://journals.allenpress.com/jrnlserv/?request=get-abstract&issn=0046-225X&volume=34&issue=3&page=598 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mating disruption; Sex pheromone; Herbivory; Traps; Attractants; Esters; Orchards; Kairomones; Tortricidae; Malus domestica; Cydia pomonella; Lepidoptera DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1043/0046-225X(2005)034[0598:MCMLTI]2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Longer-Term Effects of Selective Thinning on Microarthropod Communities in a Late-Successional Coniferous Forest AN - 20122026; 6256533 AB - Microarthropod densities within late-successional coniferous forests thinned 16-41 yr before sampling were compared with adjacent unthinned stands to identify longer term effects of thinning on this community. Soil and forest floor layers were sampled separately on eight paired sites. Within the forest floor oribatid, mesostigmatid, and to a marginal extent, prostigmatid mites, were reduced in thinned stands compared with unthinned stands. No differences were found for Collembola in the forest floor or for any mite suborder within the soil. Family level examination of mesostigmatid and prostigmatid mites revealed significant differences between stand types for both horizons. At the species level, thinning influenced numerous oribatid mites and Collembola. For oribatid mites, significant or marginally significant differences were found for seven of 15 common species in the forest floor and five of 16 common species in soil. Collembola were affected less, with differences found for one of 11 common species in the forest floor and three of 13 common species in soil. Multivariate analysis of variance and ordination indicated that forest thinning had little influence on the composition of oribatid mite and collembolan communities within either the forest floor or soil. Differences in microclimate or in the accumulation of organic matter on the forest floor were likely most responsible for the observed patterns of abundance. Considering the role that microarthropods play in nutrient cycling, determining the functional response of a wide range of taxa to thinning may be important to effective ecosystem management. JF - Environmental Entomology AU - Peck, R W AU - Niwa, C G AD - USDA-Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Forestry Sciences Laboratory, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331, rpeck@usgs.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 646 EP - 655 PB - Entomological Society of America VL - 34 IS - 3 SN - 0046-225X, 0046-225X KW - Acari KW - Collembola KW - Oribatid mites KW - Springtails KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - coniferous forests KW - Forest floor KW - Forest management KW - thinning KW - Organic matter KW - Forests KW - microclimate KW - taxa KW - Nutrient cycles KW - Soil KW - Thinning KW - ordination KW - Oribatida KW - forest floor KW - Mites KW - Microclimate KW - Sampling KW - Ordination KW - abundance KW - D 04700:Management KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Z 05207:Agricultural & general applied entomology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20122026?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Entomology&rft.atitle=Longer-Term+Effects+of+Selective+Thinning+on+Microarthropod+Communities+in+a+Late-Successional+Coniferous+Forest&rft.au=Peck%2C+R+W%3BNiwa%2C+C+G&rft.aulast=Peck&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=646&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Entomology&rft.issn=0046225X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1043%2F0046-225X%282005%290342.0.CO%3B2 L2 - http://journals.allenpress.com/jrnlserv/?request=get-abstract&issn=0046-225X&volume=34&issue=3&page=646 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Forest management; Thinning; Forest floor; Organic matter; Microclimate; Sampling; Ordination; coniferous forests; thinning; ordination; Mites; forest floor; Forests; microclimate; taxa; Nutrient cycles; abundance; Collembola; Oribatida DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1043/0046-225X(2005)034[0646:LEOSTO]2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial quality of runoff following land application of cattle manure and swine slurry AN - 19939017; 6460134 AB - Concentrations of human health-related microorganisms in runoff from agricultural plots (0.75 m x 2 m) treated with fresh and aged cattle manure, swine slurry and no manure (control) were determined. Three consecutive simulated rainfall events, producing 35 mm rainfall and separated by 24 h, were carried out for each plot. Fecal indicator (Escherichia coli, enterococci, Clostridium perfringens and coliphage) loads released in rainfall runoff from plots treated with fresh cattle manure, aged cattle manure and swine slurry treatments ranged from 5.52 x 10 super(5) to 4.36 x 10 super(9), 3.92 x 10 super(4) to 4.86 x 10 super(8), and 9.63 x 10 super(5) to 3.05 x 10 super(8), respectively. Plot runoff concentrations of protozoa (Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cysts) ranged from 1.65 x 10 super(5) to 1.04 x 10 super(6), 2.93 x 10 super(3) to 2.75 x 10 super(5), and 9.12 x 10 super(4) to 3.58 x 10 super(6) for fresh cattle manure, aged cattle manure and swine slurry plot treatments, respectively. These results suggest that large microbial loads could be released via heavy precipitation events that produce runoff from livestock manure-applied agricultural fields, of even modest size, and could have a significant impact on water bodies within the watershed. Because of the lack of multiplication in the environment, highly elevated concentrations in manured land runoff, and correlation to protozoan parasite presence, Clostridium may be an alternative indicator for livestock manure contamination. JF - Journal of Water and Health AU - Thurston-Enriquez, JA AU - Gilley, JE AU - Eghball, B AD - USDA-ARS, 138 Keim Hall, UNL East Campus, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583-0934, USA, jthurston@uni.edu Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 157 EP - 171 VL - 3 IS - 2 SN - 1477-8920, 1477-8920 KW - Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Agricultural Runoff KW - Clostridium KW - Animal wastes KW - Manure KW - K 03410:Animal Diseases KW - V 22410:Animal Diseases KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality KW - J 02430:Symbiosis, Antibiosis & Phages UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19939017?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Water+and+Health&rft.atitle=Microbial+quality+of+runoff+following+land+application+of+cattle+manure+and+swine+slurry&rft.au=Thurston-Enriquez%2C+JA%3BGilley%2C+JE%3BEghball%2C+B&rft.aulast=Thurston-Enriquez&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Water+and+Health&rft.issn=14778920&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Manure; Animal wastes; Clostridium ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Plum pox potyvirus population diversity in Pennsylvania, in single orchards, and in individual replicating populations AN - 19839932; 6610258 AB - Plum pox potyvirus (PPV) has been recognized in the U.S. since 1999. The disease outbreak is limited to a four county area in southern Pennsylvania. Using sequencing and phylogenetic analyses, we have determined that the Pennsylvania isolates divide into two clades, suggesting the possibility of multiple introductions. The two clades have somewhat distinct biological properties, further supporting the phylogenetic divisions. To provide context for the overall Pennsylvania population diversity, several isolates from a single orchard were sequenced. In contrast to the populations taken from around the quarantine zone, the isolates from single orchards were remarkably identical. PPV diversity levels also were determined for replicating populations within individual hosts. Like most RNA viruses, PPV generates high levels of genetic diversity within its replicating populations, with mutation frequencies ranging from 0.8 to 1.3 mutations/1000 bases. However, very little of this diversity is observed in the consensus sequences of isolates found within close proximity in a single orchard, suggesting that most of the population diversity observed at the level of replicating populations has little effect in the natural evolutionary processes of PPV. JF - Phytopathology AU - Schneider, W AU - Sherman, D AU - Stone, A AU - Buckley, K AU - Damsteegt, V AD - USDA-ARS Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 95 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Phylogeny KW - Potyvirus KW - Genetic diversity KW - plum pox KW - RNA viruses KW - Orchards KW - Prunus KW - Plum pox potyvirus KW - USA, Pennsylvania KW - Quarantine KW - Mutation KW - Evolution KW - A 01027:Fruit trees KW - V 22310:Genetics, Taxonomy & Structure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19839932?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Plum+pox+potyvirus+population+diversity+in+Pennsylvania%2C+in+single+orchards%2C+and+in+individual+replicating+populations&rft.au=Schneider%2C+W%3BSherman%2C+D%3BStone%2C+A%3BBuckley%2C+K%3BDamsteegt%2C+V&rft.aulast=Schneider&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=95&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Phylogeny; Genetic diversity; Quarantine; RNA viruses; plum pox; Mutation; Orchards; Evolution; Potyvirus; Plum pox potyvirus; Prunus; USA, Pennsylvania ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Divergent regulation of aflatoxin production at acidic pH by two Aspergillus strains AN - 19777423; 6732375 AB - Production of aflatoxins (AF) by Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus is known to occur only at acidic pH. Although typical A. flavus isolates produced more AF as the external pH became increasingly acidic, an atypical strain from West Africa produced less. The lower AF production was not well correlated with decreases in expression of the aflatoxin pathway regulatory gene, aflR, or of two other biosynthesis genes. JF - Mycopathologia AU - Ehrlich, Kenneth C AU - Montalbano, Beverly G AU - Cotty, Peter J AD - Southern Regional Research Center/ARS/USDA, New Orleans, PO Box 19687, LA, 70179-0687, USA, ehrlich@srrc.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 579 EP - 581 PB - Springer-Verlag (Heidelberg), Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany, [mailto:subscriptions@springer.de], [URL:http://www.springer.de/] VL - 159 IS - 4 SN - 0301-486X, 0301-486X KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Aspergillus flavus KW - Aflatoxins KW - pH effects KW - Aspergillus parasiticus KW - A 01022:Mycotoxins KW - K 03082:Mycotoxins KW - X 24370:Natural Toxins UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19777423?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mycopathologia&rft.atitle=Divergent+regulation+of+aflatoxin+production+at+acidic+pH+by+two+Aspergillus+strains&rft.au=Ehrlich%2C+Kenneth+C%3BMontalbano%2C+Beverly+G%3BCotty%2C+Peter+J&rft.aulast=Ehrlich&rft.aufirst=Kenneth&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=159&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=579&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mycopathologia&rft.issn=0301486X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11046-005-1150-7 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aflatoxins; pH effects; Aspergillus flavus; Aspergillus parasiticus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11046-005-1150-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Forest Service Large Fire Area Burned and Suppression Expenditure Trends, 1970-2002 AN - 19769331; 9185663 AB - Extreme fire seasons in recent years and associated high suppression expenditures have brought about a chorus of calls for reform of federal firefighting structure and policy. Given the political nature of the topic, a critical review of past trends in area burned, size of fires, and suppression expenditures is warranted. We examined data relating to emergency wildland fire suppression expenditures, number of fires, and acres burned and developed statistical models to estimate area burned using drought indices for the USDA Forest Service from 1970-2002. JF - Journal of Forestry AU - Calkin, DE AU - Gebert, K M AU - Jones, J G AU - Neilson, R P AD - Research Forester Rocky Mountain Research Station USDA Forest Service 800 East Beckwith Missoula MT 59801, USA, decalkin@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 179 EP - 183 VL - 103 IS - 4 SN - 0022-1201, 0022-1201 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Fires KW - Mathematical models KW - Politics KW - wildland fire KW - Reviews KW - Droughts KW - Forestry KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19769331?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Forestry&rft.atitle=Forest+Service+Large+Fire+Area+Burned+and+Suppression+Expenditure+Trends%2C+1970-2002&rft.au=Calkin%2C+DE%3BGebert%2C+K+M%3BJones%2C+J+G%3BNeilson%2C+R+P&rft.aulast=Calkin&rft.aufirst=DE&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=53rd+Joint+Meeting+of+the+North+American+Benthological+Society+and+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fires; Politics; Mathematical models; Reviews; Forestry; Droughts; wildland fire ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxoplasmosis in a Hawaiian Monk Seal (Monachus schauinslandi) AN - 19735483; 6265505 AB - Toxoplasma gondii infection in marine mammals is intriguing and indicative of contamination of the ocean environment with oocysts. T. gondii was identified in a Hawaiian monk seal (Monachus schauinslandi) that had visceral and cerebral lesions. Tachyzoites were found in the lymph nodes, spleen, diaphragm, heart, adrenal glands, and brain. A few tissue cysts were found in sections of the cerebrum. The diagnosis was confirmed serologically, by immunohistochemical staining with T. gondii-specific polyclonal rabbit serum, and by the detection of T. gondii DNA. The genotype was determined to be type III by restriction fragment length polymorphisms of the SAG2 gene. This is the first report of T. gondii infection in a Hawaiian monk seal. JF - Journal of Parasitology AU - Honnold, S P AU - Braun, R AU - Scott, D P AU - Sreekumar, C AU - Dubey, J P AD - Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Department of Veterinary Pathology, Washington, District of Columbia 20306-6000, jdubey@anri.barc.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - June 2005 SP - 695 EP - 697 PB - American Society of Parasitologists VL - 91 IS - 3 SN - 0022-3395, 0022-3395 KW - Hawaiian monk seal KW - RFLP KW - Tachyzooites KW - Toxoplasmosis KW - Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - New records KW - Contamination KW - Diaphragm KW - Protozoan diseases KW - Cerebrum KW - Genotypes KW - Infection KW - Disease detection KW - Adrenal glands KW - Heart KW - Oocysts KW - Monachus schauinslandi KW - Brain KW - Restriction fragment length polymorphism KW - Spleen KW - Developmental stages KW - Lymph KW - Staining KW - Biopolymorphism KW - Cysts KW - Lymph nodes KW - Serum KW - Toxoplasma gondii KW - Oceans KW - Marine mammals KW - tachyzoites KW - DNA KW - Body organs KW - K 03091:Protozoa: animal KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q1 08484:Species interactions: parasites and diseases KW - O 1080:Multi-disciplinary Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19735483?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=53rd+Joint+Meeting+of+the+North+American+Benthological+Society+and+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Use+of+a+Fiber-Bundle+Model+to+Quantify+Root+Reinforcement+in+Streambanks&rft.au=Pollen%2C+Natasha+L%3BAndrew%2C+Simon&rft.aulast=Pollen&rft.aufirst=Natasha&rft.date=2005-05-23&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=53rd+Joint+Meeting+of+the+North+American+Benthological+Society+and+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Heart; New records; Protozoan diseases; Developmental stages; Lymph; Genotypes; Staining; Cysts; Biopolymorphism; Serum; Marine mammals; DNA; Disease detection; Body organs; Adrenal glands; Diaphragm; Oocysts; Contamination; Cerebrum; Restriction fragment length polymorphism; Brain; Spleen; Infection; Lymph nodes; Toxoplasmosis; Oceans; tachyzoites; Toxoplasma gondii; Monachus schauinslandi DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1043/0022-3395(2005)091[0695:TIAHMS]2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genetic Characterization of Cryptosporidium Isolates From Ringed Seals (Phoca hispida) in Northern Quebec, Canada AN - 19728384; 6265511 AB - This study reports the molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. isolates identified from intestinal contents of ringed seals (Phoca hispida) from Nunavik (Quebec, Canada). Cryptosporidium spp. fragments of 18S rRNA, HSP-70, and actin loci were amplified by PCR from seal intestinal contents. PCR-positive specimens were sequenced and compared with other Cryptosporidium species and genotypes reported previously. Sequence analysis showed the presence of C. muris and 2 novel genotypes in ringed seals. JF - Journal of Parasitology AU - Santin, M AU - Dixon, B R AU - Fayer, R AD - Environmental Microbial Safety Laboratory, Animal and Natural Resources Institute Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Building 173, BARC-East, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, rfayer@anri.barc.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - June 2005 SP - 712 EP - 716 PB - American Society of Parasitologists VL - 91 IS - 3 SN - 0022-3395, 0022-3395 KW - Ringed seal KW - Genetics Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - rRNA 18S KW - Parasites KW - Phoca hispida KW - Protozoan diseases KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Genotypes KW - Hosts KW - Parasitism KW - Population genetics KW - Intestines KW - Interspecific relationships KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Actin KW - Disease detection KW - Marine KW - ANW, Canada, Quebec KW - Canada, Quebec KW - Endoparasites KW - Marine mammals KW - Cryptosporidium KW - Intestine KW - DNA KW - Microorganisms KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - G 07790:Other Microorganisms KW - K 03091:Protozoa: animal KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q1 08484:Species interactions: parasites and diseases KW - K 03081:Protozoa UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19728384?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Parasitology&rft.atitle=Genetic+Characterization+of+Cryptosporidium+Isolates+From+Ringed+Seals+%28Phoca+hispida%29+in+Northern+Quebec%2C+Canada&rft.au=Santin%2C+M%3BDixon%2C+B+R%3BFayer%2C+R&rft.aulast=Santin&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=91&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=712&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Parasitology&rft.issn=00223395&rft_id=info:doi/10.1043%2F0022-3395%282005%290912.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Parasites; Protozoan diseases; Nucleotide sequence; Hosts; Genotypes; Endoparasites; Parasitism; Population genetics; Interspecific relationships; Intestines; Marine mammals; Microorganisms; DNA; Polymerase chain reaction; Actin; Disease detection; rRNA 18S; Intestine; Phoca hispida; Cryptosporidium; ANW, Canada, Quebec; Canada, Quebec; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1043/0022-3395(2005)091[0712:GCOCIF]2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring loblolly pine decline in the western zone of the Southern Region AN - 19703642; 6609940 AB - More than one million acres of southern yellow pine stands across the south are estimated to be declining. Loblolly pine stands in 3 southern states (with a predominance of sites in central and southern Alabama) are reported to be declining based on data from Forest Health Monitoring plots established in the 1990's. Current studies of affected stands show a strong correlation with (upland) site, deterioration of fine roots, presence of a fairly constant set of insect associates, and infection by Leptographium spp. affecting the primary roots. The influence of fire, previous agriculture, and landform are other factors that may have a role in the loblolly decline complex. The symptoms of the decline are sparse crowns, short chlorotic needles, and reduced radial growth primarily above 40 years of age and first apparent in trees in the 40-50 year age class. Mortality can occur beginning as little as two to three years after first symptom expression. Although the symptoms of the decline complex are similar to those of littleleaf disease, the site conditions on stands are found expressing this decline are different. On upland sites on federal lands, loblolly pine is the major forest type since it was used for watershed restoration and is easily regenerated. Many of these sites are now managed for red-cockaded woodpecker (RCW) habitat and decline of the pine stands is impacting the long-term habitat needs of this endangered species. One of mitigations recommended for decline sites is to convert them to longleaf pine where site conditions are suitable to fulfill the habitat requirements for RCW. Additional monitoring plots are being installed on National Forest upland sites in Texas, Louisiana, Arkansas, and Mississippi. This monitoring process will help define the range and impact of loblolly pine decline and will further assess Leptographium spp. component of the pine decline complex. JF - Phytopathology AU - Hess, N AU - Eckhardt, L AU - Menard, R AU - Jones, J AD - USDA Forest Service, Pineville, LA, USA Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 95 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Agriculture KW - Age KW - Trees KW - Forests KW - Roots KW - landforms KW - insects KW - Watersheds KW - Infection KW - national forests KW - USA, Alabama KW - mitigation KW - USA, Louisiana KW - infection KW - Deterioration KW - Mortality KW - Fires KW - agriculture KW - Habitat KW - USA, Mississippi KW - Endangered species KW - USA, Arkansas KW - USA, Texas KW - Leptographium KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - A 01045:Diseases & treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19703642?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Monitoring+loblolly+pine+decline+in+the+western+zone+of+the+Southern+Region&rft.au=Hess%2C+N%3BEckhardt%2C+L%3BMenard%2C+R%3BJones%2C+J&rft.aulast=Hess&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=95&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agriculture; Trees; Deterioration; Endangered species; Roots; Forests; Infection; Watersheds; Habitat; Fires; Mortality; Age; agriculture; landforms; insects; national forests; mitigation; infection; Leptographium; USA, Alabama; USA, Mississippi; USA, Louisiana; USA, Arkansas; USA, Texas ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of competitive exclusion to control enterotoxigenic strains of Escherichia coli in weaned pigs AN - 19289450; 6413978 AB - Mortality and morbidity associated with Escherichia coli cause economic losses to the swine industry. Enterotoxigenic strains of E. coli affecting nursery-age pigs have become more difficult to treat because of increased antibiotic resistance, and alternatives to antibiotics are currently being sought. Our laboratory developed a defined culture of commensal bacteria of porcine gastrointestinal tract origin, maintained it in continuous-flow culture for 3 yr, and designated it as RPCF. Laboratory studies have shown that RPCF-treated pigs had decreased mortality and bacterial shedding compared with controls when challenged with enterotoxigenic strains of E. coli. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the practicality, safety, and efficacy of RPCF to protect nursery-age pigs in commercial swine operations from field challenge by enterotoxigenic strains of E. coli. In field studies involving six geographically separated farms with a history of high mortality from K-88 and F-18 strains of E. coli, piglets were administered RPCF within 24 h of birth and monitored throughout the nursery period. A total of 21,467 piglets were treated with RPCF, and a similar number of piglets on the same farms served as untreated controls. On five of six farms, mortality in RPCF-treated pigs decreased by an average of 2.6% compared with untreated pigs. Differences in mortality were not observed in RPCF-treated pigs compared with controls on one Minnesota farm. When projected to an annual basis, the economic benefits from decreased medication costs and mortality averaged $24,663 per farm. These studies suggest that under commercial conditions, RPCF tended to control disease induced by enterotoxigenic E. coli, and that RPCF may be a viable alternative to the use of antibiotics. JF - Journal of Animal Science AU - Harvey, R B AU - Anderson, R C AU - Genovese, K J AU - Callaway, T R AU - Nisbet, D J AD - Food and Feed Safety Research Unit, Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, ARS, USDA, College Station, TX 77845 Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - E44 EP - E47 PB - American Society of Animal Science, 1111 N. Dunlap Ave. Savoy IL 61874 USA, [mailto:johne@assochq.org], [URL:http://www.asas.org] VL - 83 SN - 0021-8812, 0021-8812 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Birth KW - Mortality KW - Farms KW - Economics KW - Escherichia coli KW - Commensals KW - Antibiotics KW - Gastrointestinal tract KW - Antibiotic resistance KW - Morbidity KW - J 02430:Symbiosis, Antibiosis & Phages UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19289450?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Animal+Science&rft.atitle=Use+of+competitive+exclusion+to+control+enterotoxigenic+strains+of+Escherichia+coli+in+weaned+pigs&rft.au=Harvey%2C+R+B%3BAnderson%2C+R+C%3BGenovese%2C+K+J%3BCallaway%2C+T+R%3BNisbet%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Harvey&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=&rft.spage=E44&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Animal+Science&rft.issn=00218812&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Birth; Mortality; Farms; Economics; Commensals; Antibiotics; Gastrointestinal tract; Morbidity; Antibiotic resistance; Escherichia coli ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vitamin D Receptor Fok1 Polymorphisms Affect Calcium Absorption, Kinetics, and Bone Mineralization Rates During Puberty AN - 17871610; 6251702 AB - Few studies of the VDR polymorphisms have looked at calcium metabolism or long-term effects. We measured bone mineralization and calcium metabolic parameters longitudinally in a group of 99 adolescents. We found a significant relationship between calcium absorption and skeletal calcium accretion and the Fok1, but not other VDR or related, genetic polymorphisms. It seems that the Fok1 polymorphism directly affects bone mineralization during pubertal growth through an effect on calcium absorption. Introduction: There are few data regarding the relationship between genetic markers for low bone mass and changes in calcium metabolism in childhood or adolescence. We sought to identify the effects of polymorphisms of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) on calcium and bone mineral metabolism in a longitudinal study of pubertal adolescents. Materials and Methods: Adolescents (n = 99) received comprehensive stable isotope studies of calcium absorption, bone calcium kinetics, and bone mineralization. Studies were repeated 12 months later. Polymorphisms of putative genetic markers were determined and related to bone mineralization and calcium metabolic finding. Results were analyzed by ANOVA in which changes over time were determined using the initial value as a covariate. Results: Polymorphisms of the Fok1 gene of the VDR were significantly related to calcium absorption (p = 0.008) and whole body BMC (p = 0.03) and BMD (p = 0.006). The Fok1 effect on whole body BMD was significant for those with Ca intake >800 mg/day (p < 0.001), whereas for those with Ca intake less than or equal to 800 mg/day, the Fok1 genotype did not have a significant effect on whole body BMD (p = 0.40). The Fok1 genotype was significantly related to the changes during the year in whole body calcium accretion, with the ff genotype having a 63 plus or minus 20 mg/day deficit compared with the FF genotype (p = 0.008). Conclusions: The Fok1 polymorphism of the VDR receptor seems to directly affect bone mineral accretion during pubertal growth through an effect on calcium absorption. The relationship between different genetic polymorphisms and bone mineral metabolism may vary by life stage as well as diet. JF - Journal of Bone and Mineral Research AU - Abrams, SA AU - Griffin, I J AU - Hawthorne, K M AU - Chen, Z AU - Gunn, S K AU - Wilde, M AU - Darlington, G AU - Shypailo, R J AU - Ellis, K J AD - USDA/ARS, Children's Nutrition Research Center, 1100 Bates Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA, sabrams@bcm.edu Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 945 EP - 953 VL - 20 IS - 6 SN - 0884-0431, 0884-0431 KW - Physical Education Index; Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts KW - Longitudinal studies KW - Measurement KW - Bones KW - Gene polymorphism KW - Adolescence KW - Children KW - Mineralization KW - Genetics KW - Bone mineral density KW - Analysis KW - Vitamins KW - Kinetics KW - Vitamin D receptors KW - Diet KW - Calcium absorption KW - Minerals KW - Metabolism KW - Puberty KW - T 20085:Vitamins other than D KW - PE 030:Exercise, Health & Physical Fitness UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17871610?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aphysicaleducation&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Bone+and+Mineral+Research&rft.atitle=Vitamin+D+Receptor+Fok1+Polymorphisms+Affect+Calcium+Absorption%2C+Kinetics%2C+and+Bone+Mineralization+Rates+During+Puberty&rft.au=Abrams%2C+SA%3BGriffin%2C+I+J%3BHawthorne%2C+K+M%3BChen%2C+Z%3BGunn%2C+S+K%3BWilde%2C+M%3BDarlington%2C+G%3BShypailo%2C+R+J%3BEllis%2C+K+J&rft.aulast=Abrams&rft.aufirst=SA&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=945&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Bone+and+Mineral+Research&rft.issn=08840431&rft_id=info:doi/10.1359%2FJBMR.050114 LA - English DB - Physical Education Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Minerals; Bones; Genetics; Adolescence; Metabolism; Bone mineral density; Kinetics; Vitamins; Longitudinal studies; Analysis; Measurement; Puberty; Diet; Mineralization; Calcium absorption; Vitamin D receptors; Gene polymorphism; Children DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1359/JBMR.050114 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Gene flow after inbreeding leads to higher survival in deer mice AN - 17814377; 6191374 AB - We test the ability of gene flow to alleviate the deleterious effects of inbreeding in a small mammal, the deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus). After three generations of sib-sib mating, individuals from three lines of mice were either subject to further inbreeding or were mated with an outbred individual. Subsequently, these mice, plus a control line, which were first generation (F sub(1)) mice from unrelated individuals kept in captivity for the same duration as the treatment lines, were released into isolated pens in a forest in western Montana. Survival of individual mice was recorded. Survival models that allowed variation in breeding treatments were well supported, whereas models explaining variation in line, or release location were not well supported. Survival was highest for offspring of the outcross group, intermediate for the inbred animals, and lowest for the control group. This suggests that the introduction of migrants can reduce inbreeding depression, as theory predicts. We also show limited evidence for purging of deleterious recessive alleles that can cause inbreeding depression. While purging may have occurred, the demographic cost was non-trivial as 5 of 8 of our inbred mouse lines went extinct during the inbreeding process. JF - Biological Conservation AU - Schwartz, M K AU - Mills, L S AD - USDA/United States Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 800 E. Beckwith, Missoula, MT 59801, USA, mkschwartz@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 413 EP - 420 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 123 IS - 4 SN - 0006-3207, 0006-3207 KW - Deer mouse KW - Genetics Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Inbreeding depression KW - Survival KW - Peromyscus maniculatus KW - Mating KW - Gene flow KW - Progeny KW - USA, Montana KW - D 04672:Mammals KW - G 07290:Population genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17814377?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biological+Conservation&rft.atitle=Gene+flow+after+inbreeding+leads+to+higher+survival+in+deer+mice&rft.au=Schwartz%2C+M+K%3BMills%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=Schwartz&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=123&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=413&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biological+Conservation&rft.issn=00063207&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biocon.2004.11.016 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Peromyscus maniculatus; USA, Montana; Survival; Inbreeding depression; Gene flow; Mating; Progeny DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2004.11.016 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A survey of native microbial aggregates on alfalfa, clover and mung bean sprout cotyledons for thickness as determined by confocal scanning laser microscopy AN - 17786851; 6157782 AB - In nature, bacteria are often organized in aggregates or biofilms rather than as solitary cells. Biofilms on inert surfaces have been studied in depth using confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM) with a variety of fluorescent probes. In contrast, there have been few studies of native microbial aggregates or biofilms on living surfaces, including plants. In this study we used CSLM in combination with the LIVE/DEAD super(()R) BacLight(TM) Viability Kit (Molecular Probes Inc.) to determine the thickness of native microbial aggregates on alfalfa, clover and mung bean sprouts purchased from retail outlets. A survey of aggregate thickness was made by use of a 20x dry lens primarily due to its large free working distance, broad field of view and the uneven topography and shape of cotyledon surfaces. Values for measured thickness (z-axis) were corrected based on the point spread function of fluorescent latex spheres (1.98 mu m in diameter). Aggregates consisted primarily of live bacteria. Aggregates on mung bean cotyledons were significantly (P0.05) different for aggregates on clover and alfalfa. Bacteria in fully hydrated aggregates as imaged by CSLM appeared to be less densely packed when compared to sprout surface biofilms imaged previously in our laboratory with conventional scanning electron microscopy techniques, most likely due to the presence of hydrated bacterial exopolymers. Despite a lack of considerable thickness, aggregates and biofilms on plant surfaces may harbor plant and human pathogens making their eradication more problematic and also protect pathogens and native bacteria from adverse environmental conditions. JF - Food Microbiology AU - Fett, W F AU - Cooke, PH AD - Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, US Department of Agriculture, 600 E. Mermaid Lane, 19038, Wyndmoor, Pennsylvania, USA Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 253 EP - 259 VL - 22 IS - 2-3 SN - 0740-0020, 0740-0020 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Cotyledons KW - Scanning electron microscopy KW - Eradication KW - Plant protection KW - Fluorescent indicators KW - Biofilms KW - Environmental conditions KW - Thickness KW - Food contamination KW - A 01017:Human foods KW - A 01116:Bacteria UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17786851?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+Microbiology&rft.atitle=A+survey+of+native+microbial+aggregates+on+alfalfa%2C+clover+and+mung+bean+sprout+cotyledons+for+thickness+as+determined+by+confocal+scanning+laser+microscopy&rft.au=Fett%2C+W+F%3BCooke%2C+PH&rft.aulast=Fett&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=253&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+Microbiology&rft.issn=07400020&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.fm.2004.03.004 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biofilms; Eradication; Cotyledons; Food contamination; Thickness; Plant protection; Fluorescent indicators; Environmental conditions; Scanning electron microscopy DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fm.2004.03.004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Heat resistance kinetics variation among various isolates of Escherichia coli AN - 17655409; 6492489 AB - This paper reports an investigation of serotype-specific differences in heat resistance kinetics of clinical and food isolates of Escherichia coli. Heat resistance kinetics for 5 serotypes of E. coli at 60 degree C were estimated in beef gravy using a submerged coil heating apparatus. The observed survival curves were sigmoidal and there were significant differences (p=0.05) of the survival curves among the serotypes. Consequently, a model was developed that accounted for the sigmoidal shape of the survival curves and the serotype effects. Specifically, variance components for serotypes and replicates within serotypes were estimated using mixed effect nonlinear modeling. If it is assumed that the studied serotypes represent a random sample from a population of E. coli strains or serotypes, then, from the derived estimates, probability intervals of the expected lethality for random selected serotypes can be computed. For example, expected serotype-specific lethalities at 60 degree C for 10 min are estimated to range between 5 and 9 log sub(10) with 95% probability. On the other hand, to obtain a 6-log sub(10) lethality, the expected minutes range, with 95% probability, from 6 to 12 min. The results from this study show that serotypes of E. coli display a wide range of heat resistance with nonlinear survival curves. JF - Innovative Food Science and Emerging Technologies AU - Juneja, V K AU - Marks, H M AD - Food Safety Intervention Technologies Research Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, Pennsylvania 19038, USA Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 155 EP - 161 VL - 6 IS - 2 SN - 1466-8564, 1466-8564 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - A 01017:Human foods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17655409?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Innovative+Food+Science+and+Emerging+Technologies&rft.atitle=Heat+resistance+kinetics+variation+among+various+isolates+of+Escherichia+coli&rft.au=Juneja%2C+V+K%3BMarks%2C+H+M&rft.aulast=Juneja&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=155&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Innovative+Food+Science+and+Emerging+Technologies&rft.issn=14668564&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ifset.2004.03.008 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ifset.2004.03.008 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of media composition on submerged culture spores of the entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium anisopliae var. acridum, Part 1: Comparison of cell wall characteristics and drying stability among three spore types AN - 17652569; 6468434 AB - Metarhizium anisopliae var. acridum (IMI 330189) can produce at least three spore types in vitro; blastospores, submerged conidia, and aerial conidia, as defined by culturing conditions, sporogenesis, and spore morphology. This study compares morphological characteristics (dimensions and cell wall structure), chemical properties of cell wall surfaces (charge, hydrophobicity, and lectin binding), and performance (germination rate and drying stability) among these three spore types. Submerged conidia and aerial conidia both possessed thick, double-layered cell walls, with hydrophobic regions on their surfaces. However, in contrast to aerial conidia, submerged conidia have: (1) a greater affinity for the lectin concanavalin-A; (2) more anionic net surface charge; and (3) a less distinct outer rodlet layer. Blastospores were longer and more variable in length than both submerged conidia and aerial conidia, and had thinner single-layered cell walls that lacked an outer rodlet layer. Also, blastospores had a greater affinity than either conidia type for the lectin, wheat germ agglutinin. Blastaspores lacked hydrophobic regions on their surface, and had a lower anionic net surface charge than submerged conidia. In culture, blastospores germinated the fastest followed by submerged conidia, and then aerial conidia. Survival of submerged conidia and aerial conidia were similar after drying on silica gel, and was greater than that for blastospores. We provide corroborating information for differentiating spore types previously based on method of production, sporogenesis, and appearance of spores. These physical characteristics may have practical application for predicting spore-performance characteristics relevant to production and efficacy of mycoinsecticides. JF - Biocontrol Science and Technology AU - Leland, JE AU - Mullins, DE AU - Vaughan, L J AU - Warren, H L AD - USDA-ARS-SIMRU, 141 Experiment Station Rd, Stoneville, MS 38776, USA, jleland@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 379 EP - 392 VL - 15 IS - 4 SN - 0958-3157, 0958-3157 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - A 01117:Fungi UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17652569?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biocontrol+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+media+composition+on+submerged+culture+spores+of+the+entomopathogenic+fungus%2C+Metarhizium+anisopliae+var.+acridum%2C+Part+1%3A+Comparison+of+cell+wall+characteristics+and+drying+stability+among+three+spore+types&rft.au=Leland%2C+JE%3BMullins%2C+DE%3BVaughan%2C+L+J%3BWarren%2C+H+L&rft.aulast=Leland&rft.aufirst=JE&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=379&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biocontrol+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=09583157&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F09583150400016928 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09583150400016928 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Antibody Responses in Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) Infected with Mycobacterium bovis AN - 17648814; 6416909 AB - Despite having a very low incidence of disease, reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) are subject to tuberculosis (TB) testing requirements for interstate shipment and herd accreditation in the United States. Improved TB tests are desperately needed, as many reindeer are falsely classified as reactors by current testing procedures. Sera collected sequentially from 11 (experimentally) Mycobacterium bovis-infected reindeer and 4 noninfected reindeer were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immunoblotting, and multiantigen print immunoassay (MAPIA) for antibody specific to M. bovis antigens. Specific antibody was detected as early as 4 weeks after challenge with M. bovis. By MAPIA, sera were tested with 12 native and recombinant antigens, which were used to coat nitrocellulose. All M. bovis-infected reindeer developed responses to MPB83 and a fusion protein, Acr1/MPB83, and 9/11 had responses to MPB70. Other antigens less commonly recognized included MPB59, ESAT-6, and CFP10. Administration of purified protein derivatives for skin testing boosted serum antibody responses, as detected by each of the assays. Of the noninfected reindeer, 2/4 had responses that were detectable immediately following skin testing, which correlated with pathological findings (i.e., presence of granulomatous lesions yet the absence of acid-fast bacteria). The levels of specific antibody produced by infected reindeer appeared to be associated with disease progression but not with cell-mediated immunity. These findings indicate that M. bovis infection of reindeer elicits an antibody response to multiple antigens that can be boosted by skin testing. Serological tests using carefully selected specific antigens have potential for early detection of infections in reindeer. JF - Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology AU - Waters, W R AU - Palmer, M V AU - Bannantine, J P AU - Greenwald, R AU - Esfandiari, J AU - Andersen, P AU - McNair, J AU - Pollock, J M AU - Lyashchenko, K P AD - United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Animal Disease Center, Bacterial Diseases of Livestock Research Unit, Ames, Iowa. Chembio Diagnostic Systems, Inc., Medford, New York. Bacteriology Department, Veterinary Sciences Division, Stormont, Belfast, United Kingdom. Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 727 EP - 735 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 12 IS - 6 SN - 1071-412X, 1071-412X KW - Caribou KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Immunology Abstracts KW - F 06402:Vertebrate Immunity KW - J 02833:Immune response and immune mechanisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17648814?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clinical+and+Diagnostic+Laboratory+Immunology&rft.atitle=Antibody+Responses+in+Reindeer+%28Rangifer+tarandus%29+Infected+with+Mycobacterium+bovis&rft.au=Waters%2C+W+R%3BPalmer%2C+M+V%3BBannantine%2C+J+P%3BGreenwald%2C+R%3BEsfandiari%2C+J%3BAndersen%2C+P%3BMcNair%2C+J%3BPollock%2C+J+M%3BLyashchenko%2C+K+P&rft.aulast=Waters&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=727&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clinical+and+Diagnostic+Laboratory+Immunology&rft.issn=1071412X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of media composition on submerged culture spores of the entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium anisopliae var. acridum Part 2: Effects of media osmolality on cell wall characteristics, carbohydrate concentrations, drying stability, and pathogenicity AN - 17641735; 6468435 AB - This study evaluates osmolality of a submerged conidia-producing medium in relation to the following spore characteristics: yield, morphology (dimensions and cell wall structure), chemical properties of cell wall surfaces (charge, hydrophobicity, and lectin binding), cytoplasmic polyols and trehalose, and performance (drying stability and pathogenicity). Spore production was increased by the addition of up to 150 g l super(-1) polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG). Spores from high osmolality medium (HOM spores) containing 100 g l super(-1) PEG had thin cell walls and dimensions more similar to blastospores than submerged conidia or aerial conidia. However, a faint electron-dense layer separating primary and secondary HOM spores' cell walls was discernable by transmission electron microscopy as found in aerial and submerged conidia but not found in blastospores. HOM spores also appeared to have an outer rodlet layer, unlike blastospores, although it was thinner than those observed in submerged conidia. HOM spores' surfaces possessed hydrophobic microsites, which was further evidence of the presence of a rodlet layer. In addition, HOM spores had concentrations of exposed N-acetyl- beta -d-glucosaminyl residues intermediate between blastospores and submerged conidia potentially indicating a masking of underlying cell wall by a rodlet layer. All spore types had exposed alpha -d-mannosyl and/or alpha -d-glucosyl residues, but lacked oligosaccharides. Similar to blastospores, HOM spores were less anionic than submerged conida. Although HOM spores had thin cell walls, they were more stable to drying than blastospores and submerged conidia. Relative drying stability did not appear to be the result of differences in polyol or trehalose concentrations, since trehalose concentrations were lower in HOM spores than submerged conidia and polyol concentrations were similar between the two spore types. HOM spores had faster germination rates than submerged conidia, similar to blastospores, and they were more pathogenic to Schistocerca americana than submerged conidia and aerial conidia. JF - Biocontrol Science and Technology AU - Leland, JE AU - Mullins, DE AU - Vaughan, L J AU - Warren, H L AD - USDA-ARS-SIMRU, 141 Experiment Station Rd, Stoneville, MS 38776, USA, jleland@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 393 EP - 409 VL - 15 IS - 4 SN - 0958-3157, 0958-3157 KW - American grasshopper KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Entomology Abstracts KW - K 03069:Fungi KW - Z 05182:Pathology KW - A 01117:Fungi UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17641735?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Self-propelled%2C+constant+speed%2C+spray+vaccinator+for+commercial+layer+chickens&rft.au=Branton%2C+S%3BRoush%2C+W%3BEvans%2C+J%3BCollier%2C+S%3BPharr%2C+G&rft.aulast=Branton&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2005-05-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09583150400016910 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mapping of Neutralizing Epitopes on Renibacterium salmoninarum p57 by Use of Transposon Mutagenesis and Synthetic Peptides AN - 17639955; 6415895 AB - Renibacterium salmoninarum is a gram-positive bacterium that causes bacterial kidney disease in salmonid fish. The virulence mechanisms of R. salmoninarum are not well understood. Production of a 57-kDa protein (p57) has been associated with isolate virulence and is a diagnostic marker for R. salmoninarum infection. Biological activities of p57 include binding to eukaryotic cells and immunosuppression. We previously isolated three monoclonal antibodies (4D3, 4C11, and 4H8) that neutralize p57 activity. These monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) bind to the amino-terminal region of p57 between amino acids 32 though 243; however, the precise locations of the neutralizing epitopes were not determined. Here, we use transposon mutagenesis to map the 4D3, 4C11, and 4H8 epitopes. Forty-five transposon mutants were generated and overexpressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). The ability of MAbs 4D3, 4H8, and 4C11 to bind each mutant protein was assessed by immunoblotting. Transposons inserting between amino acids 51 and 112 disrupted the 4H8 epitope. Insertions between residues 78 and 210 disrupted the 4C11 epitope, while insertions between amino acids 158 and 234 disrupted the 4D3 epitope. The three MAbs failed to bind overlapping, 15-mer peptides spanning these regions, suggesting that the epitopes are discontinuous in conformation. We conclude that recognition of secondary structure on the amino terminus of p57 is important for neutralization. The epitope mapping studies suggest directions for improvement of MAb-based immunoassays for detection of R. salmoninarum-infected fish. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Wiens, Gregory D AU - Owen, Jennifer AD - USDA-ARS, National Center for Cool and Cold Water Aquaculture, 11861 Leetown Rd., Kearneysville, West Virginia 25430. Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd., Portland, Oregon 97201 Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 2894 EP - 2901 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 71 IS - 6 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Salmonids KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - J 02832:Antigenic properties and virulence KW - Q1 01484:Species interactions: parasites and diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17639955?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Mapping+of+Neutralizing+Epitopes+on+Renibacterium+salmoninarum+p57+by+Use+of+Transposon+Mutagenesis+and+Synthetic+Peptides&rft.au=Wiens%2C+Gregory+D%3BOwen%2C+Jennifer&rft.aulast=Wiens&rft.aufirst=Gregory&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=71&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2894&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of Campylobacter jejuni Lipooligosaccharide Biosynthesis Loci from a Variety of Sources AN - 17636476; 6427549 AB - Campylobacter jejuni strains exhibit significant variation in the genetic content of the lipooligosaccharide (LOS) biosynthesis loci with concomitant differences in LOS structure. The C. jejuni LOS loci have been grouped into six classes based on gene content and organization. Utilizing PCR amplifications of genes from these loci, we were able to classify a majority (80%) of the LOS biosynthesis loci from 123 strains of C. jejuni that included 39 of the Penner serotype reference strains. We found that a particular LOS class was not always associated with a specific Penner serotype, and 14 of 16 Guillain-Barre syndrome-associated isolates tested in this study shared the same LOS class. The remaining isolates that could not be classified were often distinguishable from each other based on the results of gene-specific PCR and the lengths of their LOS biosynthesis loci as determined by long (XL) PCR. Sequence analysis of two of these unique XL PCR products demonstrated two new LOS classes. These results support the hypothesis that the LOS locus is a hot spot for genetic exchange and rearrangements. Analysis of the LOS biosynthesis genes by PCR assays can be used for typing C. jejuni and offers the advantage of inferring potential LOS structures. JF - Journal of Clinical Microbiology AU - Parker, Craig T AU - Horn, Sharon T AU - Gilbert, Michel AU - Miller, William G AU - Woodward, David L AU - Mandrell, Robert E AD - Produce Safety and Microbiology Unit, WRRC, USDA, ARS, 800 Buchanan St., Albany, California 94710. Institute for Biological Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Dr., Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6. Bacteriology and Enteric Diseases Program, National Microbiology Laboratory, Winnipeg, Canada Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 2771 EP - 2781 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 43 IS - 6 SN - 0095-1137, 0095-1137 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - J 02730:Carbohydrates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17636476?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Clinical+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+Campylobacter+jejuni+Lipooligosaccharide+Biosynthesis+Loci+from+a+Variety+of+Sources&rft.au=Parker%2C+Craig+T%3BHorn%2C+Sharon+T%3BGilbert%2C+Michel%3BMiller%2C+William+G%3BWoodward%2C+David+L%3BMandrell%2C+Robert+E&rft.aulast=Parker&rft.aufirst=Craig&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2771&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Clinical+Microbiology&rft.issn=00951137&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laboratory Efficacy of Amoxicillin for the Control of Streptococcus iniae Infection in Blue Tilapia AN - 17632650; 6407639 AB - Experimental feeding trials were performed to evaluate the efficacy of amoxicillin (AMX) in controlling Streptococcus iniae infection in blue tilapia Oreochromis aureus. The doses of AMX active ingredient tested were 0, 5, 10, 30, and 80 mg/kg of fish body weight (BW) per day. Administration of medicated feed started within 22-24 h postchallenge by waterborne exposure to S. iniae (after skin scraping) and continued for 12 consecutive days, followed by a 17-d posttreatment observation. Oral administration of AMX-medicated feed for 12 d at a daily rate of 10, 30, and 80 mg/kg BW significantly increased the survival of S. iniae-infected tilapia from 3.8% in the challenged, nonmedicated positive control to 45, 75, and 93.8%, respectively. The survival rate was significantly higher in the 80-mg treatment (93.75%) than the 10-mg treatment (45%) but did not differ significantly between the 10-mg (45%) and 30-mg (75%) treatments. At the conclusion of the experiment, no carriers were detected in any challenged group receiving AMX-medicated diet, whereas the bacterium was recovered from the nonmedicated, challenged survivors of the infection. JF - Journal of Aquatic Animal Health AU - Darwish, Ahmed M AU - Hobbs, Melissa S AD - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Harry K. Dupree-Stuttgart National Aquaculture Research Center, Post Office Box 1050, Stuttgart, Arkansas 72160, USA Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 197 EP - 202 PB - American Fisheries Society, 5410 Grosvenor Ln. Ste. 110 Bethesda MD 20814-2199 USA VL - 17 IS - 2 SN - 0899-7659, 0899-7659 KW - Amoxicillin KW - ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Brackish KW - Freshwater KW - Q3 01587:Diseases of Cultured Organisms KW - J 02862:Infection KW - Q1 01587:Diseases of Cultured Organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17632650?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Aquatic+Animal+Health&rft.atitle=Laboratory+Efficacy+of+Amoxicillin+for+the+Control+of+Streptococcus+iniae+Infection+in+Blue+Tilapia&rft.au=Darwish%2C+Ahmed+M%3BHobbs%2C+Melissa+S&rft.aulast=Darwish&rft.aufirst=Ahmed&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=197&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Aquatic+Animal+Health&rft.issn=08997659&rft_id=info:doi/10.1577%2FH04-033.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Freshwater; Brackish DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/H04-033.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Moving Forward from Recovery under the U.S. Endangered Species Act to Long-term Conservation of Inland Cutthroat Trout AN - 17621815; 6394826 AB - The Endangered Species Act of 1973 (ESA, as amended through the 100th U.S. Congress) is the most important U.S. federal law intended to aid plants and animals that are in danger of extinction (NRC 1995). Key purposes of the ESA are "to provide a means whereby the ecosystems upon which endangered species and threatened species depend may be conserved, [and] to provide a program for the conservation of such endangered species and threatened species" (ESA section 2(b)). "Endangered species" is defined as any species (or subspecies or, for vertebrates, "distinct population segment") which is in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range, whereas "threatened species" is any species which is likely to become an endangered species within the foreseeable future (ESA section 3). The ESA does not define "foreseeable future." JF - Fisheries AU - May, B E AU - Kaeding, L R AD - USDA Forest Service, Bozeman, MT, USA, Lynn_Kaeding@fws.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 30 EP - 33 VL - 30 IS - 6 SN - 0363-2415, 0363-2415 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Freshwater KW - Q5 01522:Protective measures and control KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q1 01121:Law, policy, economics and social sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17621815?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fisheries&rft.atitle=Moving+Forward+from+Recovery+under+the+U.S.+Endangered+Species+Act+to+Long-term+Conservation+of+Inland+Cutthroat+Trout&rft.au=May%2C+B+E%3BKaeding%2C+L+R&rft.aulast=May&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=30&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fisheries&rft.issn=03632415&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Association of a Specific Cationic Peroxidase Isozyme with Maize Stress and Disease Resistance Responses, Genetic Identification, and Identification of a cDNA Coding for the Isozyme AN - 17607172; 6384994 AB - The presence of a pI 9.0 cationic peroxidase isozyme from milk stage pericarp of six susceptible and five resistant inbreds was correlated significantly with previously reported field data on percentage infection by Aspergillus flavus in the inbreds and their hybrids. The isozyme was constitutively expressed in some additional maize tissues and lines examined, and frequently induced by mechanical damage, heat shock, Fusarium proliferatum, and/or Bacillus subtilis in other lines tested. Native/IEF two-dimensional electrophoresis identified the isozyme as the previously genetically identified px5. A cDNA clone expressed in black Mexican sweet (BMS) maize cell cultures produced the pI 9.0 isozyme. In addition to potential use in marker-assisted breeding, enhanced expression of this cationic peroxidase through breeding or genetic engineering may lead to enhanced disease or insect resistance. JF - Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry AU - Dowd, P F AU - Johnson, E T AD - Crop Bioprotection Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1815 North University Street, Peoria, IL 61604, USA Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 4464 EP - 4470 VL - 53 IS - 11 SN - 0021-8561, 0021-8561 KW - maize KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - Sweet taste KW - Milk KW - Aspergillus flavus KW - Bacillus subtilis KW - Peroxidase KW - Fusarium proliferatum KW - Plant breeding KW - Stress KW - Cell culture KW - pericarp KW - Disease resistance KW - Gel electrophoresis KW - cDNA KW - Zea mays KW - Genetic engineering KW - Heat shock KW - W2 32440:Plant breeding KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17607172?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Agricultural+and+Food+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Association+of+a+Specific+Cationic+Peroxidase+Isozyme+with+Maize+Stress+and+Disease+Resistance+Responses%2C+Genetic+Identification%2C+and+Identification+of+a+cDNA+Coding+for+the+Isozyme&rft.au=Dowd%2C+P+F%3BJohnson%2C+E+T&rft.aulast=Dowd&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=4464&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Agricultural+and+Food+Chemistry&rft.issn=00218561&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fjf0404750 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Zea mays; Bacillus subtilis; Aspergillus flavus; Fusarium proliferatum; Peroxidase; Plant breeding; cDNA; Genetic engineering; Disease resistance; pericarp; Sweet taste; Heat shock; Milk; Cell culture; Stress; Gel electrophoresis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf0404750 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of Preslaughter Events on Prevalence of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli in Market-Weight Turkeys AN - 17571119; 6415885 AB - The effects of events which occur prior to slaughter, such as loading, transport, and holding at an abattoir, on the prevalence of Campylobacter species, including Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli, were examined. Cloacal swabs from market-weight turkeys in each of five flocks were obtained on a farm prior to loading (time 1; 120 swabs per flock) and after transport and holding at the abattoir (time 2; 120 swabs per flock). A statistically significant increase in the overall prevalence of Campylobacter spp. was observed for cloacal swabs obtained from farm 3 following transport (P < 0.01). At time 2, an increase in the prevalence of C. coli was also noted for cloacal swabs from farms 3, 4, and 5 (P < 0.01). Neither the minimum time off of feed nor the distance transported from the farm to the abattoir was correlated with the increase in C. coli prevalence. Similarly, responses to an on-farm management questionnaire failed to detect any factors contributing to the observed changes in Campylobacter sp. prevalence. A SmaI macrorestriction analysis of Campylobacter sp. isolates recovered from flock 5 indicated that C. coli was more diverse than C. jejuni at both time 1 and time 2 (P < 0.01), based on a comparison of the Shannon indices of diversity and evenness. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Wesley, Irene V AU - Muraoka, Wayne T AU - Trampel, Darrell W AU - Hurd, HScott AD - Pre-Harvest Food Safety and Enteric Diseases Unit, National Animal Disease Center, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Ames, Iowa 50010. College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011 Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 2824 EP - 2831 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 71 IS - 6 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Turkeys KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Poultry KW - Transportation KW - Farms KW - Abattoirs KW - Campylobacter jejuni KW - Statistical analysis KW - Campylobacter coli KW - Slaughter KW - Food contamination KW - A 01017:Human foods KW - H 4000:Food and Drugs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17571119?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Effect+of+Preslaughter+Events+on+Prevalence+of+Campylobacter+jejuni+and+Campylobacter+coli+in+Market-Weight+Turkeys&rft.au=Wesley%2C+Irene+V%3BMuraoka%2C+Wayne+T%3BTrampel%2C+Darrell+W%3BHurd%2C+HScott&rft.aulast=Wesley&rft.aufirst=Irene&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=71&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2824&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Abattoirs; Farms; Statistical analysis; Slaughter; Food contamination; Poultry; Transportation; Campylobacter jejuni; Campylobacter coli ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lipase-catalyzed production of novel hydroxylated fatty amides in organic solvent AN - 17566748; 6448557 AB - Pseudozyma (Candida) antarctica lipase B is known to catalyze the direct amidation of carboxylic acids with ammonia in organic solvents. We tested this system for production of primary fatty amides from hydroxy fatty acids including the naturally occurring mono-hydroxy fatty acids, ricinoleic acid (RA) and lesquerolic acid (LQA) and the novel multihydroxy fatty acids, 7, 10-dihydroxy-8(E)-octadecenoic acid (DOD) and 7, 10, 12-trihydroxy-8(E)-octadecenoic acid (TOD). Reactions were performed at temperatures up to 55 C. Ricinoleic acid and lesquerolic acid were transformed at initial rates comparable to or better than that of oleic acid, a non-hydroxylated substrate. Transformation percentage at 7 days was better than 95% for all substrates except TOD (93.9%). At 55 C, most reactions approached completion within 1 day. The primary amides of LQA, DOD, and TOD are novel compounds having melting points of 73, 105, and 100 C, respectively. JF - Enzyme and Microbial Technology AU - Levinson, W E AU - Kuo, T M AU - Kurtzman, C P AD - Microbial Genomics and Bioprocessing Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 1815 N. University St. Peoria, IL 61604, USA, kuotm@ncaur.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 126 EP - 130 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 37 IS - 1 SN - 0141-0229, 0141-0229 KW - hydroxylated fatty amides KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - Melting KW - Total oxygen demand KW - carboxylic acids KW - Pseudozyma antarctica KW - Temperature effects KW - Ammonia KW - Candida antarctica KW - Solvents KW - ricinoleic acid KW - Triacylglycerol lipase KW - Fatty acids KW - Oleic acid KW - A 01014:Others KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W2 32390:Others UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17566748?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Enzyme+and+Microbial+Technology&rft.atitle=Lipase-catalyzed+production+of+novel+hydroxylated+fatty+amides+in+organic+solvent&rft.au=Levinson%2C+W+E%3BKuo%2C+T+M%3BKurtzman%2C+C+P&rft.aulast=Levinson&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=126&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Enzyme+and+Microbial+Technology&rft.issn=01410229&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.enzmictec.2005.02.001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pseudozyma antarctica; Candida antarctica; Fatty acids; Total oxygen demand; Solvents; ricinoleic acid; Melting; Temperature effects; Ammonia; carboxylic acids; Triacylglycerol lipase; Oleic acid DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enzmictec.2005.02.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pectin Gel Vehicles for Controlled Fragrance Delivery AN - 17556257; 6258288 AB - Using citronellal as a model compound, pectin gels formulations were evaluated for the controlled fragrance release by kinetic and static methods. The pectins with higher degrees of esterification induced a stronger molecular association with the nonpolar fragrance. This resulted in a prolonged duration of fragrance release and the limitation of fragrance adsorption to the receptor skin layers. The increase in pectin concentrations suppressed the fragrance release by a diffusion mechanism. Blocking the carboxyl groups of pectin with calcium ions reduces the hydrophilicity of pectin and provides physical barriers for citronellal diffusion. The pectin/calcium microparticles are promising materials for controlled fragrance release. JF - Drug Delivery AU - Liu, L AU - Chen, G AU - Fishman, M L AU - Hicks, K B AD - Crop Conversion Science and Engineering Unit, Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Wyndmoor, Pennsylvania, USA Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 149 EP - 157 VL - 12 IS - 3 SN - 1071-7544, 1071-7544 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Ions KW - Drug delivery KW - citronellal KW - Skin KW - Calcium KW - microparticles KW - Gels KW - Esterification KW - Adsorption KW - Diffusion KW - Pectin KW - Fragrances KW - W4 130:General Biomedical Engineering: Tools & Techniques KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17556257?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drug+Delivery&rft.atitle=Pectin+Gel+Vehicles+for+Controlled+Fragrance+Delivery&rft.au=Liu%2C+L%3BChen%2C+G%3BFishman%2C+M+L%3BHicks%2C+K+B&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=149&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drug+Delivery&rft.issn=10717544&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F10717540590929966 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fragrances; Pectin; Calcium; Diffusion; citronellal; Skin; microparticles; Drug delivery; Ions; Gels; Adsorption; Esterification DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10717540590929966 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of Soybean Lipoxygenase on Volatile Generation and Inhibition of Aspergillus flavus Mycelial Growth AN - 17501274; 6385004 AB - Volatiles generated from lipoxygenase (LOX) normal and LOX deficient soybean (Glycine max) varieties with and without added lipase inhibited Aspergillus flavus mycelial growth and aflatoxin production. Soybean volatiles were analyzed using a solid phase microextraction (SPME) method combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Twenty-one compounds, including 11 aldehydes, three alcohols, four ketones, one furan, one alkane, and one alkene were detected in the LOX normal soybean line. However, only nine volatile compounds were observed in the LOX deficient soybean variety. The antifungal aldehydes hexanal and (E)-2-hexenal were observed in both LOX normal and LOX deficient lines and were detected at significantly higher amounts in soybean homogenate with added lipase. These aldehydes may be formed through alternate pathways, other than the LOX pathway, and may account for the inhibition of A. flavus growth observed. Other volatiles detected, particularly the ketones and alcohols, may contribute to the antifungal activity observed in both LOX normal and LOX deficient soybean lines. These results suggest that other factors, other than LOX activity, may better explain why soybeans are generally not as severely affected by A. flavus and aflatoxin contamination as other oilseed crops. JF - Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry AU - Boue, S M AU - Shih, B Y AU - Carter-Wientjes, CH AU - Cleveland, TE AD - Southern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, New Orleans, LA 70179, USA Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 4778 EP - 4783 VL - 53 IS - 12 SN - 0021-8561, 0021-8561 KW - soybean KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Alkanes KW - hexanal KW - Aspergillus flavus KW - Aflatoxins KW - Mycelia KW - Furans KW - Food contamination KW - Lipase KW - Lipoxygenase KW - Glycine max KW - Spectrometry KW - Soybeans KW - Triacylglycerol lipase KW - Volatiles KW - Oilseed crops KW - Antifungal activity KW - alcohols KW - Solid phase methods KW - Aldehydes KW - ketones KW - A 01031:Antifungal & fungicidal agents KW - K 03063:Effects of physical & chemical factors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17501274?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Agricultural+and+Food+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Effect+of+Soybean+Lipoxygenase+on+Volatile+Generation+and+Inhibition+of+Aspergillus+flavus+Mycelial+Growth&rft.au=Boue%2C+S+M%3BShih%2C+B+Y%3BCarter-Wientjes%2C+CH%3BCleveland%2C+TE&rft.aulast=Boue&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=4778&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Agricultural+and+Food+Chemistry&rft.issn=00218561&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fjf058038o LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alkanes; hexanal; Aflatoxins; Mycelia; Food contamination; Furans; Lipoxygenase; Lipase; Soybeans; Spectrometry; Triacylglycerol lipase; Volatiles; Oilseed crops; Antifungal activity; alcohols; Aldehydes; Solid phase methods; ketones; Aspergillus flavus; Glycine max DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf058038o ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dilute Acid Pretreatment, Enzymatic Saccharification, and Fermentation of Rice Hulls to Ethanol AN - 17500473; 6385344 AB - Rice hulls, a complex lignocellulosic material with high lignin (15.38 plus or minus 0.2%) and ash (18.71 plus or minus 0.01%) content, contain 35.62 plus or minus 0.12% cellulose and 11.96 plus or minus 0.73% hemicellulose and has the potential to serve as a low-cost feedstock for production of ethanol. Dilute H sub(2)SO sub(4) pretreatments at varied temperature (120-190 degree C) and enzymatic saccharification (45 degree C, pH 5.0) were evaluated for conversion of rice hull cellulose and hemicellulose to monomeric sugars. The maximum yield of monomeric sugars from rice hulls (15%, w/v) by dilute H sub(2)SO sub(4) (1.0%, v/v) pretreatment and enzymatic saccharification (45 degree C, pH 5.0, 72 h) using cellulase, beta -glucosidase, xylanase, esterase, and Tween 20 was 287 plus or minus 3 mg/g (60% yield based on total carbohydrate content). Under this condition, no furfural and hydroxymethyl furfural were produced. The yield of ethanol per L by the mixed sugar utilizing recombinant Escherichia coli strain FBR 5 from rice hull hydrolyzate containing 43.6 plus or minus 3.0 g fermentable sugars (glucose, 18.2 plus or minus 1.4 g; xylose, 21.4 plus or minus 1.1 g; arabinose, 2.4 plus or minus 0.3 g; galactose, 1.6 plus or minus 0.2 g) was 18.7 plus or minus 0.6 g (0.43 plus or minus 0.02 g/g sugars obtained; 0.13 plus or minus 0.01 g/g rice hulls) at pH 6.5 and 35 degree C. Detoxification of the acid- and enzyme-treated rice hull hydrolyzate by overliming (pH 10.5, 90 degree C, 30 min) reduced the time required for maximum ethanol production (17 plus or minus 0.2 g from 42.0 plus or minus 0.7 g sugars per L) by the E. coli strain from 64 to 39 h in the case of separate hydrolysis and fermentation and increased the maximum ethanol yield (per L) from 7.1 plus or minus 2.3 g in 140 h to 9.1 plus or minus 0.7 g in 112 h in the case of simultaneous saccharification and fermentation. JF - Biotechnology Progress AU - Saha, B C AU - Iten, L B AU - Cotta, MA AU - Wu, Y V AD - Fermentation Biotechnology Research Unit and New Crops and Processing Technology Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, USDA-ARS, Peoria, Illinois 61604, USA, sahabc@ncaur.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 816 EP - 822 VL - 21 IS - 3 SN - 8756-7938, 8756-7938 KW - Rice KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - Detoxification KW - Temperature effects KW - Galactose KW - Sugar KW - Xylose KW - Xylan endo-1,3-b-xylosidase KW - Fermentation KW - esterase KW - Cellulose KW - Glucose KW - Oryza sativa KW - Hydrolysis KW - Cellulase KW - hemicellulose KW - Xylan endo-1,3- beta -xylosidase KW - Lignin KW - Escherichia coli KW - Arabinose KW - Carbohydrates KW - beta -Glucosidase KW - pH effects KW - Furfural KW - Ethanol KW - A 01015:Fermentation & related processes KW - W2 32580:Fermentation and process engineering KW - W4 320:Cell Culture & Batch Fermentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17500473?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+Progress&rft.atitle=Dilute+Acid+Pretreatment%2C+Enzymatic+Saccharification%2C+and+Fermentation+of+Rice+Hulls+to+Ethanol&rft.au=Saha%2C+B+C%3BIten%2C+L+B%3BCotta%2C+MA%3BWu%2C+Y+V&rft.aulast=Saha&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=816&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+Progress&rft.issn=87567938&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fbp049564n LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Galactose; Temperature effects; Detoxification; Sugar; Xylose; Xylan endo-1,3-b-xylosidase; Fermentation; esterase; Cellulose; Glucose; Hydrolysis; Cellulase; Xylan endo-1,3- beta -xylosidase; hemicellulose; Lignin; Arabinose; beta -Glucosidase; Carbohydrates; pH effects; Ethanol; Furfural; Escherichia coli; Oryza sativa DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bp049564n ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Herbivory alters resource allocation and compensation in the invasive tree Melaleuca quinquenervia AN - 17494829; 6273051 AB - 1. Plants may compensate for the effects of herbivory, especially under favourable growing conditions, limited competition, and minimal top-down regulation. These conditions characterise many disturbed wetlands dominated by introduced plants, implying that exotic, invasive weeds in these systems should exhibit strong compensatory responses. 2. The Australian native Melaleuca quinquenervia is highly invasive in the Florida Everglades, U.S.A., where it experiences limited competition or herbivory from native species, making it a likely candidate for compensation. The introduced biological control agent Oxyops vitiosa feeds exclusively on the seasonal flushes of developing foliage at branch apices, which represents approximately 15% of the total foliar biomass. 3. The hypothesis that M. quinquenervia compensates for folivory by O. vitiosa was tested in a series of field-based experiments. Trees experiencing folivory over four consecutive years maintained similar levels of foliar biomass after attack yet possessed twice the number of leaf-bearing terminal stems as undamaged trees. The biomass of these stems was similar among attacked and unattacked trees, indicating that herbivore-damaged trees produce greater quantities of smaller terminal branches. However, undamaged trees were 36 times more likely to reproduce than herbivore-damaged trees. 4. In a separate herbivore exclusion study, a single bout of herbivory on previously undamaged M. quinquenervia trees caused an 80% reduction in reproductive structures the following season. Herbivore-damaged trees also possessed 54% fewer fruits than undamaged trees. An increase in the herbivory frequency (two bouts per year) or magnitude (100% simulated herbivory) did not result in a further reduction in fitness. 5. It has been concluded that M. quinquenervia partially compensates for herbivory by producing new stems and replacing foliage, but this compensation results in a substantial reduction in reproduction. JF - Ecological Entomology AU - Pratt, P D AU - Rayamajhi, M B AU - Van, T K AU - Center, T D AU - Tipping, P W AD - USDA-ARS, Invasive Plant Research Laboratory, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, U.S.A, prattp@saa.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 316 EP - 326 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ UK, [URL:http://www.blackwellpublishing.com] VL - 30 IS - 3 SN - 0307-6946, 0307-6946 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - Foliage KW - Trees KW - Herbivory KW - Biomass KW - Stems KW - Oxyops vitiosa KW - Branches KW - Melaleuca quinquenervia KW - Wetlands KW - Competition KW - Z 05203:Relations to plants KW - D 04659:Insects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17494829?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Entomology&rft.atitle=Herbivory+alters+resource+allocation+and+compensation+in+the+invasive+tree+Melaleuca+quinquenervia&rft.au=Pratt%2C+P+D%3BRayamajhi%2C+M+B%3BVan%2C+T+K%3BCenter%2C+T+D%3BTipping%2C+P+W&rft.aulast=Pratt&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=316&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Entomology&rft.issn=03076946&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.0307-6946.2005.00691.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Figures, 2; tables, 3; formulas, 2; references, 66. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Melaleuca quinquenervia; Oxyops vitiosa; Trees; Herbivory; Stems; Biomass; Foliage; Competition; Branches; Wetlands DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0307-6946.2005.00691.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Host plant-associated genetic differentiation in the snakeweed grasshopper, Hesperotettix viridis (Orthoptera: Acrididae) AN - 17488677; 6273365 AB - Studies of herbivorous insects have played a major role in understanding how ecological divergence can facilitate genetic differentiation. In contrast to the majority of herbivorous insects, grasshoppers as a group are largely polyphagous. Due to this relative lack of intimate grasshopper-plant associations, grasshopper-plant systems have not played a large part in the study of host-associated genetic differentiation. The oligophagous grasshopper, Hesperotettix viridis (Thomas), is endemic to North America and feeds on composites (Asteraceae) within the tribe Astereae. Previous work has shown both preference and performance differences between H. viridis individuals feeding on either Solidago mollis or Gutierrezia sarothrae. Using 222 AFLP markers, we examined the genetic relationships among 38 H. viridis individuals feeding on these plants both in sympatry and allopatry. Neighbour-joining analysis resulted in two distinct host-associated clades with 71% bootstrap support for host-associated monophyly. Analyses of molecular variation (amova) revealed significant genetic structuring with host plant accounting for 20% of the total genetic variance while locality accounted for 0%. Significant genetic differentiation was detected between S. mollis-feeders and G. sarothrae-feeders even when the two were present at the same locality. These results are consistent with observed differences in preference and performance between H. viridis grasshoppers feeding on either G. sarothrae or S. mollis and indicate that H. viridis is comprised of at least two genetically distinct host plant-associated lineages. JF - Molecular Ecology AU - Sword, G A AU - Joern, A AU - Senior, L B AD - Gregory A. Sword, gsword@sidney.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 2197 EP - 2205 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ UK, [URL:http://www.blackwellpublishing.com] VL - 14 IS - 7 SN - 0962-1083, 0962-1083 KW - Grasshoppers KW - Ecology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - Gutierrezia sarothrae KW - Differentiation KW - Hesperotettix viridis KW - Amplified fragment length polymorphism KW - Solidago mollis KW - Feeding KW - Genetic variance KW - Sympatry KW - Ecological genetics KW - Host plants KW - Genetic relationship KW - Acrididae KW - Orthoptera KW - Allopatry KW - Asteraceae KW - Genetic structure KW - G 07270:Ecological genetics KW - G 07366:Insects/arachnids KW - Z 05219:Population genetics KW - D 04659:Insects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17488677?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Ecology&rft.atitle=Host+plant-associated+genetic+differentiation+in+the+snakeweed+grasshopper%2C+Hesperotettix+viridis+%28Orthoptera%3A+Acrididae%29&rft.au=Sword%2C+G+A%3BJoern%2C+A%3BSenior%2C+L+B&rft.aulast=Sword&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=2197&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+Ecology&rft.issn=09621083&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-294X.2005.02546.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Figures, 1; tables, 3; references, 73. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hesperotettix viridis; Asteraceae; Orthoptera; Acrididae; Solidago mollis; Gutierrezia sarothrae; Differentiation; Host plants; Feeding; Amplified fragment length polymorphism; Genetic variance; Allopatry; Sympatry; Genetic relationship; Genetic structure; Ecological genetics DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2005.02546.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of Temperature on Development and Population Parameters of Copitarsia Decolora (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) AN - 17390892; 6256520 AB - The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of temperature on survival, development, and reproduction of Copitarsia decolora. Both linear and nonlinear models were used to model temperature-dependent development and population growth for C. decolora reared on asparagus and artificial diet. We used [at]Risk Software to bootstrap model parameters so that variability in observations could be incorporated into model predictions. C. decolora eggs required approximately 69 DD to complete development with a base temperature of 7.8 degree C. C. decolora developed through four to six instars depending on temperature and food source. Development of larvae from neonate through prepupa required 341.4 DD above a base of 7.3 degree C on asparagus, whereas 254.5 DD were needed on artificial diet, where the base temperature was 7.7 degree C. Pupae required approximately 236 DD (base temperature 8.2-8.4 degree C) to develop when reared on asparagus or artificial diet. Female moths laid significantly more eggs at 14.6 and 20.1 degree C than at higher or lower temperatures. Survival of individuals to the adult stage increased from 71% at 9.7 degree C to 93% at 24.9 degree C. Survival fell off rapidly to 25% at 29.5 degree C. The generation time was the shortest at 29.5 degree C; however, only 25% of females survived to the adult stage, fecundity was low, and only 53% of the eggs hatched. The capacity for increase, r sub(c), was low at 9.7 degree C, peaked at 25.7 degree C, and declined as temperature increased. We estimated that populations on asparagus would not develop at temperatures >31.3 degree C or <6.9 degree C. We show the importance of estimating a range of values for base temperature and degree-days by conducting a preliminary pathway analysis that incorporates the effect of temperature on egg hatch. JF - Environmental Entomology AU - Gould, J AU - Venette, R AU - Winograd, D AD - Survey Detection and Eradication Laboratory, USDA-APHIS-PPQ, Building 1398, Otis ANGB, MA 02542-5008, Gould@aphis.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 548 EP - 556 PB - Entomological Society of America VL - 34 IS - 3 SN - 0046-225X, 0046-225X KW - Lepidoptera KW - Moths KW - Noctuid moths KW - Entomology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Temperature effects KW - Copitarsia decolora KW - Food sources KW - Artificial diets KW - Temperature requirements KW - Survival KW - Noctuidae KW - Neonates KW - Eggs KW - Models KW - Z 05205:Populations & general ecology KW - D 04659:Insects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17390892?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Entomology&rft.atitle=Effect+of+Temperature+on+Development+and+Population+Parameters+of+Copitarsia+Decolora+%28Lepidoptera%3A+Noctuidae%29&rft.au=Gould%2C+J%3BVenette%2C+R%3BWinograd%2C+D&rft.aulast=Gould&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=548&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Entomology&rft.issn=0046225X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1043%2F0046-225X%282005%290342.0.CO%3B2 L2 - http://journals.allenpress.com/jrnlserv/?request=get-abstract&issn=0046-225X&volume=34&issue=3&page=548 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Food sources; Temperature requirements; Artificial diets; Survival; Neonates; Eggs; Models; Copitarsia decolora; Noctuidae; Lepidoptera DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1043/0046-225X(2005)034[0548:EOTODA]2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Presence of Naturally Occurring Campylobacter and Salmonella in the Mature and Immature Ovarian Follicles of Late-Life Broiler Breeder Hens AN - 17389964; 6249372 AB - Campylobacter and Salmonella are known to cause acute bacterial gastroenteritis in humans. Raw poultry products have been implicated as a significant source of these infections. Five trials were conducted to determine whether Campylobacter and Salmonella spp. exist naturally in the mature and immature ovarian follicles of late-life broiler breeder hens. Broiler breeder hens ranging from 60 to 66 wk of age were obtained from four different commercial breeder operations. For each trial, the hens were removed from the commercial operation and held overnight at the University of Georgia processing facility. The hens were euthanized, defeathered, and aseptically opened. To reduce the possibility of cross-contamination between samples, first the mature and immature ovarian follicles, then the ceca, were aseptically removed. Individual samples were placed in sterile bags, packed on ice, and transported to the laboratory for evaluation. Overall, Campylobacter was found in 7 of 55 immature follicles, 12 of 47 mature follicles, and 41 of 55 ceca. Campylobacter was found in at least one of each sample of mature follicles and in ceca in each of the five trials. Salmonella was found in 0 of 55 immature follicles, 1 of 47 mature follicles, and 8 of 55 ceca. In this study, the recovery rate of Salmonella from late-life broiler breeder hen ovarian follicles was relatively low. However, the recovery rate of Campylobacter from the hen ovarian follicles was reasonably high, suggesting that these breeder hens could be infecting fertile hatching eggs. Determining how Campylobacter contaminated these ovarian follicles and how many chicks could be colonized from this source are the next steps in helping to elucidate a better understanding of this ecology and the control of Campylobacter in poultry production.Original Abstract: Nota de Investigacion-Presencia natural de Campylobacter y Salmonella en foliculos ovaricos maduros e inmaduros de reproductoras de engorde en la etapa final de su ciclo productivo.El Campylobacter y la Salmonella son agentes conocidos como causantes de la gastroenteritis bacteriana aguda en humanos. Los alimentos crudos de origen avicola han sido implicados como una fuente significativa de esta infeccion. Se realizaron 5 experimentos para determinar si las especies de Campylobacter y Salmonella existen de forma natural en los foliculos ovaricos maduros e inmaduros de reproductoras de engorde en la etapa final de su ciclo productivo. Se obtuvieron reproductoras de engorde entre 60 y 66 semanas de edad a partir de 4 operaciones diferentes de reproductoras de engorde. En cada experimento, las reproductoras fueron removidas de la operacion comercial y mantenidas durante la noche en las instalaciones del matadero de la Universidad de Georgia. Las aves fueron sacrificadas, desplumadas, y asepticamente se procedio a realizar la necropsia. Con el fin de reducir la posibilidad de contaminacion cruzada entre las muestras, se removieron inicialmente los foliculos ovaricos maduros e inmaduros y luego los ciegos. Las muestras individuales fueron depositadas en bolsas esteriles, colocadas en hielo, y transportadas al laboratorio para ser evaluadas. En general, se encontro Campylobacter en 7 de 55 foliculos inmaduros, 12 de 47 foliculos maduros, y 41 de 55 ciegos. Se encontro Campylobacter en por lo menos una de cada muestra de foliculos maduros y ciegos en cada uno de los 5 experimentos. Se encontro Salmonella en 0 de 55 foliculos inmaduros, 1 de 47 foliculos maduros, y 8 de 55 ciegos. En este estudio, el indice de recuperacion de Salmonella a partir de los foliculos ovaricos de reproductoras de engorde en la etapa final de su ciclo productivo fue relativamente bajo. Sin embargo, el indice de recuperacion de Campylobacter a partir de foliculos ovaricos de reproductoras de engorde fue razonablemente alto, lo cual sugiere que estas reproductoras podrian estar infectando huevos fertiles incubables. La determinacion del mecanismo de contaminacion de los foliculos ovaricos por Campylobacter y del numero de pollitos que podrian ser colonizados mediante esta fuente son los pasos siguientes a resolver para poder tener un mejor conocimiento de la ecologia y el control de Campylobacter en las empresas avicolas. JF - Avian Diseases AU - Cox, NA AU - Bailey, J S AU - Richardson, L J AU - Buhr, R J AU - Cosby, DE AU - Wilson, J L AU - Hiett, K L AU - Siragusa, G R AU - Bourassa, D V AD - USDA-ARS, PMSRU, Russell Research Center, 950 College Station Road, Athens, GA 30605 Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 285 EP - 287 PB - American Association of Avian Pathologists VL - 49 IS - 2 SN - 0005-2086, 0005-2086 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Colonization KW - Poultry KW - Follicles KW - Campylobacter KW - Gastroenteritis KW - Salmonella KW - Hatching KW - Eggs KW - J 02862:Infection UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17389964?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Avian+Diseases&rft.atitle=Presence+of+Naturally+Occurring+Campylobacter+and+Salmonella+in+the+Mature+and+Immature+Ovarian+Follicles+of+Late-Life+Broiler+Breeder+Hens&rft.au=Cox%2C+NA%3BBailey%2C+J+S%3BRichardson%2C+L+J%3BBuhr%2C+R+J%3BCosby%2C+DE%3BWilson%2C+J+L%3BHiett%2C+K+L%3BSiragusa%2C+G+R%3BBourassa%2C+D+V&rft.aulast=Cox&rft.aufirst=NA&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=285&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Avian+Diseases&rft.issn=00052086&rft_id=info:doi/10.1043%2F0005-2086%282005%29492.0.CO%3B2 L2 - http://journals.allenpress.com/jrnlserv/?request=get-abstract&issn=0005-2086&volume=49&issue=2&page=285 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Colonization; Poultry; Follicles; Gastroenteritis; Hatching; Eggs; Campylobacter; Salmonella DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1043/0005-2086(2005)49[285:PONOCA]2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Natural polysaccharides as electroactive polymers AN - 17359636; 6402954 AB - Electroactive polymers (EAPs), a new class of materials, have the potential to be used for applications like biosensors, environmentally sensitive membranes, artificial muscles, actuators, corrosion protection, electronic shielding, visual displays, solar materials, and components in high-energy batteries. The commercialization of synthetic EAPs, however, has so far been severely limited. Biological polymers offer a degree of functionality not available in most synthetic EAPs. Carbohydrate polymers are produced with great frequency in nature. Starch, cellulose, and chitin are some of the most abundant natural polymers on earth. Biopolymers are a renewable resource and have a wide range of uses in nature, functioning as energy storage, transport, signaling, and structural components. In general, electroactive materials with polysaccharide matrices reach conductance levels comparable with synthetic ion-conducting EAPs. This review gives a brief history of EAPs, including terminology, describes evaluation methods, and reports on the current progress of incorporating polysaccharides as matrices for doped, blended, and grafted electroactive materials. JF - Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology AU - Finkenstadt, Victoria L AD - Plant Polymer Research, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, United States Department of Agriculture, 1815 North University Street, Peoria, IL 61604, USA, finkenvl@ncaur.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 735 EP - 745 PB - Springer-Verlag (Berlin) VL - 67 IS - 6 SN - 0175-7598, 0175-7598 KW - Electroactive polymers KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - W4 330:Biopolymers & Food Biotechnology KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17359636?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Microbiology+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Natural+polysaccharides+as+electroactive+polymers&rft.au=Finkenstadt%2C+Victoria+L&rft.aulast=Finkenstadt&rft.aufirst=Victoria&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=735&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Microbiology+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=01757598&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00253-005-1931-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00253-005-1931-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Variable rainfall intensity effects on carbon characteristics of eroded sediments from two coastal plain ultisols in Georgia AN - 17350466; 6394822 AB - Carbon loss and the associated potential for facilitated transport of chemicals could be better quantified if effects of storm intensity variation could be characterized during key phases of the production year. We evaluated the effects of constant and variable rainfall intensities on the transport characteristics and amount of sediment organic carbon lost from two highly weathered Coastal Plain soils in Georgia - a Tifton loamy sand (Plinthic Kandiudult) and a Greenville sandy clay loam (Rhodic Kandiudult). Soils were air-dried, sieved (19 mm) and placed in 1.5 m super(2) stainless steel erosion pans set to match typical field slopes for each soil (Tifton = 4 percent; Greenville = 7 percent). Simulated rainfall was applied for 70-min as a constant (57 mm h super(-1)) or variable (typical spring storm) event pattern. Runoff, sediment, sediment carbon, sediment nitrogen, and dissolved carbon were measured at five-minute intervals. Regardless of simulation intensity evaluated, sediment exported from the Tifton soil was enriched (enrichment ratio 1.17 to 1.80) and the Greeneville soil depleted (0.83 to 0.93) in carbon relative to the top 2 cm of undisturbed soil. Only minor (not significant) differences were observed in the potential for total sediment carbon loss estimated by the two simulation intensities (Tifton, 5.65-6.67 kg ha super(-1) and Greenville, 13.44-14.40 kg ha super(-1)). However, significant differences in the effect of simulation intensities on timing and amount of carbon lost via sediment transport (more during first versus second half of simulation for variable versus constant intensity patterns respectively) were observed during the simulations. Results suggest that detachment and transport thresholds differ for total sediment versus sediment carbon losses during a given event and that variable rate rainfall simulations may be an effective means to characterize threshold differences for individual soil and management combinations. It is suggested that the systematic determination of such thresholds may improve predictions of sediment transported organic contaminants. JF - Journal of Soil and Water Conservation AU - Strickland, T C AU - Truman, C C AU - Frauenfeld, B AD - Department of Agriculture (USDA)-Agricultural Research Service (ARS) Southeast Watersshed Research Laboratory in Tifton, GA, USA Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 142 EP - 147 VL - 60 IS - 3 SN - 0022-4561, 0022-4561 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water conservation KW - Rainfall KW - Organic carbon KW - Climatic changes KW - Storms KW - Soils KW - Sediment Contamination KW - Enrichment KW - Slopes KW - Timing KW - Sediment chemistry KW - Organic Carbon KW - USA, Georgia KW - ASW, USA, Georgia KW - Coastal zone KW - Numerical simulations KW - Organic Compounds KW - Runoff KW - Nitrogen KW - Prediction KW - Rainfall intensities KW - Coastal Plains KW - Soil erosion KW - Carbon KW - Sand KW - Sediment transport KW - Rainfall Intensity KW - Marine KW - Sediment pollution KW - Clay KW - Simulation KW - Systematics KW - Simulated Rainfall KW - Erosion KW - Q2 09264:Sediments and sedimentation KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - M2 556.12:Precipitation (556.12) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17350466?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.atitle=Variable+rainfall+intensity+effects+on+carbon+characteristics+of+eroded+sediments+from+two+coastal+plain+ultisols+in+Georgia&rft.au=Strickland%2C+T+C%3BTruman%2C+C+C%3BFrauenfeld%2C+B&rft.aulast=Strickland&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=142&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.issn=00224561&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sediment pollution; Sediment chemistry; Coastal zone; Rainfall; Water conservation; Climatic changes; Organic carbon; Soils; Sediment transport; Runoff; Erosion; Rainfall intensities; Numerical simulations; Storms; Clay; Carbon; Sand; Simulation; Soil erosion; Nitrogen; Prediction; Timing; Coastal Plains; Organic Carbon; Systematics; Simulated Rainfall; Sediment Contamination; Organic Compounds; Slopes; Enrichment; Rainfall Intensity; ASW, USA, Georgia; USA, Georgia; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genetic Characterization of the Poly(hydroxyalkanoate) Synthases of Various Pseudomonas oleovorans Strains AN - 17140038; 6794408 AB - We identified the poly(hydroxyalkanoate) synthase (PHAS) genes of three strains of Pseudomonasoleovorans by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based detection methods. P. oleovorans NRRL B-14682 contains Class I PHA synthase gene (phaC), NRRL B-14683 harbors Class II phaC1 and phaC2 genes, and NRRL B-778 contain both the Class I and II PHA synthase genes. Inverse-PCR and chromosomal walking techniques were employed to obtain the complete sequences of the Class I phaCs of NRRL B-778 (phbC sub(778); 1698 bps) and B-14682 (phbC sub(14682); 1899 bps). BLAST search indicated that these genes are new and had not been previously cloned. The gene product of phbC sub(778) (i.e., PhbC sub(778); 566 amino acid residues) is homologous to the Class I PHA synthases ofPseudomonas sp. HJ-2 and Pseudomonas sp. strain 61-3, and that of phbC sub(14682) (PhbC sub(14682); 632 amino acids) is homologous to PHAS ofDelftiaacidovorans. The PhbC sub(14682) contains an extra sequence of 33 amino acids in its conserved alpha / beta -hydrolase domain, making it only the second Class I PHA synthase found to contain this cellular proteolytic sequence. Consistent with their Pseudomonas origin, the codon-usage profiles of PhbC sub(778) and PhbC sub(14682) are similar to those ofPseudomonas Class II PHASs. These new Pseudomonas Class I phbC genes provide valuable addition to the gene pool for the construction of novel PHASs through gene shuffling. JF - Current Microbiology AU - Solaiman, Daniel KY AU - Ashby, Richard D AD - United States Department of Agriculture, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA, 19038, USA, dsolaiman@errc.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 329 EP - 333 PB - Springer-Verlag, Life Science Journals, 175 Fifth Ave. New York NY 10010 USA, [mailto:orders@springer-ny.com], [URL:http://www.springer-ny.com/] VL - 50 IS - 6 SN - 0343-8651, 0343-8651 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Proteolysis KW - phbC gene KW - Amino acids KW - Conserved sequence KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Walking KW - Pseudomonas KW - Pseudomonas oleovorans KW - Amino acid sequence KW - G 07770:Bacteria KW - J 02740:Genetics and evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17140038?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Genetic+Characterization+of+the+Poly%28hydroxyalkanoate%29+Synthases+of+Various+Pseudomonas+oleovorans+Strains&rft.au=Solaiman%2C+Daniel+KY%3BAshby%2C+Richard+D&rft.aulast=Solaiman&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=329&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+Microbiology&rft.issn=03438651&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00284-005-4508-7 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Proteolysis; phbC gene; Amino acids; Walking; Polymerase chain reaction; Conserved sequence; Amino acid sequence; Pseudomonas; Pseudomonas oleovorans DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00284-005-4508-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spatio-temporal patterns of the decline of freshwater mussels in the Little South Fork Cumberland River, USA AN - 17101528; 6733135 AB - The Little South Fork Cumberland River, Kentucky and Tennessee, USA, was a globally important conservation refugium for freshwater mussels (Mollusca: Unionidae) because it supported an intact example (26 species) of the unique Cumberland River mussel fauna including imperiled species. We used previous surveys and our 1997-1998 survey to reconstruct the historical fauna, to describe spatio-temporal patterns of density and number of species, and to evaluate the probable sequence and cause of observed mussel declines. We were specifically interested in better understanding how mussel assemblages respond to chronic disturbances, and how these changes manifest in persistence patterns. Density and numbers of species declined steadily from 1981 to 1998, but declines occurred first in the lower river (early 1980s), followed by declines in the upper river (late 1980s to early 1990s). Of the total species recorded from the Little South Fork, 17 (65%) are seemingly extirpated and five others appear near extirpation. Declines are associated with at least two, temporally distinct major insults. Lower river declines are associated with surface mining, whereas, oil extraction activities are implicated in upper river declines. Regardless of causal factors, species persistence was primarily a function of predecline population size with only the most numerous and widespread species surviving. At this time, the river appears lost as a conservation refugium for mussels despite its remoteness, predominantly forested watershed, and several layers of existing statutory and regulatory environmental safeguards. We suggest that the river could be restored and mussels reintroduced if an interagency task force is formed to identify and mitigate specific stressors now affecting most mussel species in the river. JF - Biodiversity and Conservation AU - Warren, Melvin L AU - Haag, Wendell R AD - USDA Forest Service, 1000 Front Street, 38655, Oxford, MS, USA, fswarren@olemiss.edu Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - June 2005 SP - 1383 EP - 1400 PB - Springer-Verlag (Heidelberg), Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany, [mailto:subscriptions@springer.de] VL - 14 IS - 6 SN - 0960-3115, 0960-3115 KW - Mollusks KW - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - USA, Kentucky, Little South Fork KW - Unionidae KW - Population density KW - Biodiversity KW - Freshwater KW - Watersheds KW - Oil KW - Mollusca KW - Rivers KW - Freshwater environments KW - Environmental impact KW - USA, Cumberland R. KW - Inland water environment KW - Ecosystem disturbance KW - USA, Tennessee KW - USA KW - Community composition KW - USA, Kentucky KW - Conservation KW - Mining KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04705:Conservation KW - Q1 08261:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17101528?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biodiversity+and+Conservation&rft.atitle=Spatio-temporal+patterns+of+the+decline+of+freshwater+mussels+in+the+Little+South+Fork+Cumberland+River%2C+USA&rft.au=Warren%2C+Melvin+L%3BHaag%2C+Wendell+R&rft.aulast=Warren&rft.aufirst=Melvin&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=991&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+veterinary+research&rft.issn=00029645&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Community composition; Environmental impact; Population density; Biodiversity; Mining; Watersheds; Inland water environment; Ecosystem disturbance; Oil; Freshwater environments; Conservation; Unionidae; Mollusca; USA, Tennessee; USA; USA, Kentucky; USA, Kentucky, Little South Fork; USA, Cumberland R.; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10531-004-9664-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative pathologic changes in broiler chicks on feed amended with Fusarium proliferatum culture material or purified fumonisin B sub(1) and moniliformin AN - 17099852; 6732372 AB - Feed amended with autoclaved culture material (CM) of Fusarium proliferatum containing fumonisin B sub(1) (FB sub(1)) (61-546 ppm), fumonisin B sub(2 )(FB sub(2)) (14-98 ppm) and moniliformin (66-367 ppm) was given to 228 male chicks in three separate feeding trials. In a fourth feeding trial, purified FB sub(1) (125 and 274 ppm) and moniliformin (27 and 154 ppm) were given separately and in combination (137 and 77 ppm, respectively). Chicks that died during the trial periods, survivors and controls were subjected to postmortem examination. Specimens (liver, kidney, pancreas, lung, brain, intestine, testis, bursa of Fabricius, heart and skeletal muscle) were examined grossly and preserved for subsequent histopathologic and ultrastructural examination. Prominent gross lesions in affected birds fed diets amended with CM or purified FB sub(1) and moniliformin included ascites, hydropericardium, hepatopathy, nephropathy, cardiomyopathy, pneumonitis, gizzard ulceration, and enlarged bursa of Fabricius filled with caseous material. The various concentrations of FB sub(1 )and moniliformin in the amended rations produced well-defined dose-response lesions in all groups in all four trials. Histopathologic changes included hemorrhage, leucocytic infiltration, fatty change or infiltration, individual cell necrosis and fibrosis in liver, kidneys, lungs, heart, intestines, gizzard, bursa of Fabricius and pancreas. Edema and hemorrhage were prominent in brains of treated birds. Ultrastructural changes included cytoplasmic and nuclear enlargement of cells in affected liver, lungs, kidneys, heart and pancreas. There were thickened membranes of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum, dilation of the rough endoplasmic reticulum with loss of ribosomes and vacuolated or deformed mitochondria. JF - Mycopathologia AU - Javed, T AU - Bunte, R M AU - Dombrink-Kurtzman, MA AU - Richard, J L AU - Bennett, G A AU - Cote, L M AU - Buck, W B AD - National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, Peoria, 1815 N. University Street, IL, 61604-3902, USA, dombrink@ncaur.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 553 EP - 564 PB - Springer-Verlag (Heidelberg), Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany, [mailto:subscriptions@springer.de], [URL:http://www.springer.de/] VL - 159 IS - 4 SN - 0301-486X, 0301-486X KW - chickens KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Testes KW - Bursa of Fabricius KW - fumonisin B2 KW - Hepatocytes KW - Fibrosis KW - Pancreas KW - Fusarium proliferatum KW - Edema KW - Mitochondria KW - Cell culture KW - Hemorrhage KW - Cardiomyopathy KW - Endoplasmic reticulum KW - Necrosis KW - Pneumonitis KW - Nephropathy KW - Skeletal muscle KW - Feeding trials KW - Diets KW - Brain KW - Cardiac muscle KW - moniliformin KW - Ribosomes KW - Ascites KW - Lung KW - Intestine KW - Kidney KW - Liver KW - Fumonisin B1 KW - Gizzard KW - K 03097:Food microbiology & fermentation KW - A 01018:Animal foods KW - K 03082:Mycotoxins UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17099852?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mycopathologia&rft.atitle=Comparative+pathologic+changes+in+broiler+chicks+on+feed+amended+with+Fusarium+proliferatum+culture+material+or+purified+fumonisin+B+sub%281%29+and+moniliformin&rft.au=Javed%2C+T%3BBunte%2C+R+M%3BDombrink-Kurtzman%2C+MA%3BRichard%2C+J+L%3BBennett%2C+G+A%3BCote%2C+L+M%3BBuck%2C+W+B&rft.aulast=Javed&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=159&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=553&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mycopathologia&rft.issn=0301486X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11046-005-4518-9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bursa of Fabricius; Testes; fumonisin B2; Fibrosis; Hepatocytes; Pancreas; Mitochondria; Edema; Cell culture; Hemorrhage; Endoplasmic reticulum; Cardiomyopathy; Necrosis; Pneumonitis; Nephropathy; Skeletal muscle; Feeding trials; Diets; Brain; moniliformin; Cardiac muscle; Ribosomes; Lung; Ascites; Liver; Kidney; Intestine; Fumonisin B1; Gizzard; Fusarium proliferatum DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11046-005-4518-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of temperature and time thresholds for BIOTIC irrigation of peanut on the Southern High Plains of Texas AN - 17098292; 6732459 AB - The timely application of irrigation water to a crop is essential for optimizing yield and production efficiency. The 'Biologically Identified Optimal Temperature Interactive Console (BIOTIC)' is an irrigation protocol that provides irrigation scheduling based upon measurements of canopy temperatures and the temperature optimum of the crop species of interest. One of the goals of this paper is to document the gradual development of the method and its implementation. Two threshold values are required to implement BIOTIC irrigation of a crop in a given region, a species-specific temperature threshold and a species/environment-specific time threshold. The temperature threshold, an indication of the thermal optimum for the plant, is derived from the thermal dependence of its metabolism. The time threshold, which represents the average amount of time each day that the canopy temperature of the well-watered crop will exceed the temperature threshold, is calculated from weather data. Interest in the use of BIOTIC for irrigation scheduling for peanut ( Arachis hypogaea L.) resulted in this study in which the temperature and time thresholds for peanut were determined on the Texas Southern High Plains. A temperature threshold value of 27 degree C was determined from the thermal dependence of the reappearance of photosystem II variable fluorescence (PSII Fv) following illumination. A time threshold of 405 min was calculated from an analysis of weather data collected over the course of the 1999 growing season. The determination of these threshold values for peanut provides the basis for the application of the BIOTIC protocol to irrigation scheduling of peanut on the Southern High Plains of Texas. JF - Irrigation Science AU - Mahan, James R AU - Burke, John J AU - Wanjura, Donald F AU - Upchurch, Dan R AD - USDA/ARS, 3810 4th Street, Lubbock, TX, 79415, USA, jmahan@lbk.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 145 EP - 152 PB - Springer-Verlag (Berlin), Heidelberger Platz 3 Berlin 14197 Germany, [mailto:subscriptions@springer.de], [URL:http://www.springer.de/] VL - 23 IS - 4 SN - 0342-7188, 0342-7188 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Weather KW - Peanuts KW - Fluorescence KW - Temperature KW - Irrigation Water KW - USA, Texas KW - Irrigation Scheduling KW - Crops KW - Canopy KW - Metabolism KW - Crop Yield KW - SW 1060:Conservation in agricultural use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17098292?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Irrigation+Science&rft.atitle=Determination+of+temperature+and+time+thresholds+for+BIOTIC+irrigation+of+peanut+on+the+Southern+High+Plains+of+Texas&rft.au=Mahan%2C+James+R%3BBurke%2C+John+J%3BWanjura%2C+Donald+F%3BUpchurch%2C+Dan+R&rft.aulast=Mahan&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=145&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Irrigation+Science&rft.issn=03427188&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00271-005-0102-9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Weather; Peanuts; Fluorescence; Temperature; Irrigation Water; Irrigation Scheduling; Metabolism; Canopy; Crops; Crop Yield; USA, Texas DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00271-005-0102-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lys6-modified ubiquitin inhibits ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation. AN - 67849306; 15790562 AB - Ubiquitin plays essential roles in various cellular processes; therefore, it is of keen interest to study the structure-function relationship of ubiquitin itself. We investigated the modification of Lys(6) of ubiquitin and its physiological consequences. Mass spectrometry-based peptide mapping and N-terminal sequencing demonstrated that, of the 7 Lys residues in ubiquitin, Lys(6) was the most readily labeled with sulfosuccinimidobiotin. Lys(6)-biotinylated ubiquitin was incorporated into high molecular mass ubiquitin conjugates as efficiently as unmodified ubiquitin. However, Lys(6)-biotinylated ubiquitin inhibited ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis, as conjugates formed with Lys(6)-biotinylated ubiquitin were resistant to proteasomal degradation. Ubiquitins with a mutation of Lys(6) had similar phenotypes as Lys(6)-biotinylated ubiquitin. Lys(6) mutant ubiquitins (K6A, K6R, and K6W) also inhibited ATP-dependent proteolysis and caused accumulation of ubiquitin conjugates. Conjugates formed with K6W mutant ubiquitin were also resistant to proteasomal degradation. The dominant-negative effect of Lys(6)-modified ubiquitin was further demonstrated in intact cells. Overexpression of K6W mutant ubiquitin resulted in accumulation of intracellular ubiquitin conjugates, stabilization of typical substrates for ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis, and enhanced susceptibility to oxidative stress. Taken together, these results show that Lys(6)-modified ubiquitin is a potent and specific inhibitor of ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation. JF - The Journal of biological chemistry AU - Shang, Fu AU - Deng, Gejing AU - Liu, Qing AU - Guo, Weimin AU - Haas, Arthur L AU - Crosas, Bernat AU - Finley, Daniel AU - Taylor, Allen AD - Laboratory for Nutrition and Vision Research, Jean Mayer United States Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, USA. fu.shang@tufts.edu Y1 - 2005/05/27/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 27 SP - 20365 EP - 20374 VL - 280 IS - 21 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - Iodine Radioisotopes KW - 0 KW - Protease Inhibitors KW - Proteins KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - Succinimides KW - Ubiquitin KW - biotinyl-N-hydroxysulfosuccinimide ester KW - 105248-43-9 KW - Biotin KW - 6SO6U10H04 KW - Adenosine Triphosphate KW - 8L70Q75FXE KW - Lactalbumin KW - 9013-90-5 KW - Peptide Hydrolases KW - EC 3.4.- KW - Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex KW - EC 3.4.25.1 KW - Carbon-Nitrogen Lyases KW - EC 4.3.- KW - isopeptidase KW - Lysine KW - K3Z4F929H6 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Lactalbumin -- metabolism KW - Humans KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Mice KW - Carbon-Nitrogen Lyases -- metabolism KW - Molecular Weight KW - Biotinylation KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae KW - Binding Sites KW - Mutagenesis, Site-Directed KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Cattle KW - Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex -- metabolism KW - Transfection KW - Peptide Hydrolases -- metabolism KW - Oxidative Stress KW - Escherichia coli KW - Adenosine Triphosphate -- pharmacology KW - Ubiquitin -- genetics KW - Ubiquitin -- chemistry KW - Lysine -- chemistry KW - Biotin -- analogs & derivatives KW - Ubiquitin -- pharmacology KW - Proteins -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67849306?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.atitle=Lys6-modified+ubiquitin+inhibits+ubiquitin-dependent+protein+degradation.&rft.au=Shang%2C+Fu%3BDeng%2C+Gejing%3BLiu%2C+Qing%3BGuo%2C+Weimin%3BHaas%2C+Arthur+L%3BCrosas%2C+Bernat%3BFinley%2C+Daniel%3BTaylor%2C+Allen&rft.aulast=Shang&rft.aufirst=Fu&rft.date=2005-05-27&rft.volume=280&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=20365&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - 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Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Developmental toxicity of diets containing fumonisin B sub(1) to LM/BC and CD1 mice: A comparative study AN - 40062753; 3931034 AU - Voss, KA AU - Gelineau-van Waes, JB AU - Riley, R T AU - Burns, T D AU - Bacon, C W Y1 - 2005/05/25/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 25 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40062753?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Mapping+of+Neutralizing+Epitopes+on+Renibacterium+salmoninarum+p57+by+Use+of+Transposon+Mutagenesis+and+Synthetic+Peptides&rft.au=Wiens%2C+Gregory+D%3BOwen%2C+Jennifer&rft.aulast=Wiens&rft.aufirst=Gregory&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=71&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2894&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - 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English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Association of Swine Veterinarians, 902 1st Avenue, Perry, Iowa 50220, USA; phone: 515-465-5255; fax: 515-465-3832; email: aasv@aasv.org; URL: http://www.aasv.org/annmtg/2005/2005program.htm N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Self-propelled, constant speed, spray vaccinator for commercial layer chickens AN - 39960466; 3940327 AU - Branton, S AU - Roush, W AU - Evans, J AU - Collier, S AU - Pharr, G Y1 - 2005/05/25/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 25 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39960466?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Self-propelled%2C+constant+speed%2C+spray+vaccinator+for+commercial+layer+chickens&rft.au=Branton%2C+S%3BRoush%2C+W%3BEvans%2C+J%3BCollier%2C+S%3BPharr%2C+G&rft.aulast=Branton&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2005-05-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: U.S. Poultry & Egg Association, 1530 Cooledge Road, Tucker, GA 30084-7303, USA; phone: 770-493-9401; fax: 770-493-9257; URL: www.internationalpoultryexposition.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Time-and dose-dependent changes in sphingoid base 1 phosphates in tissues from rats fed diets containing fumonisins AN - 39957779; 3931029 AU - Riley, R T AU - Showker, J L AU - Voss, KA Y1 - 2005/05/25/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 25 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39957779?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Time-and+dose-dependent+changes+in+sphingoid+base+1+phosphates+in+tissues+from+rats+fed+diets+containing+fumonisins&rft.au=Riley%2C+R+T%3BShowker%2C+J+L%3BVoss%2C+KA&rft.aulast=Riley&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2005-05-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: The Society of Toxicology, 1767 Business Center Drive, Suite 302, Resont, VA 20190-5332, USA; phone: 703-438-3115; fax: 703-438-3113; URL: http://www.toxicology.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Evaluation of stocking density on live performance and processing yield of broilers AN - 39947926; 3937761 AU - Dozier, W III AU - Thaxton, J AU - Branton, S AU - Morgan, G AU - Miles, D AU - Roush, W AU - Lott, B AU - Vizzier-Thaxton, Y Y1 - 2005/05/25/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 25 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39947926?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+stocking+density+on+live+performance+and+processing+yield+of+broilers&rft.au=Dozier%2C+W+III%3BThaxton%2C+J%3BBranton%2C+S%3BMorgan%2C+G%3BMiles%2C+D%3BRoush%2C+W%3BLott%2C+B%3BVizzier-Thaxton%2C+Y&rft.aulast=Dozier&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2005-05-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: U.S. Poultry & Egg Association, 1530 Cooledge Road, Tucker, GA 30084-7303, USA; phone: 770-493-9401; fax: 770-493-9257; URL: www.internationalpoultryexposition.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Policy shock transmission and deforestation: Identifying critical pathways AN - 39941278; 3939687 AU - Cattaneo, A Y1 - 2005/05/25/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 25 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39941278?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Policy+shock+transmission+and+deforestation%3A+Identifying+critical+pathways&rft.au=Cattaneo%2C+A&rft.aulast=Cattaneo&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2005-05-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: University of Florida/IFAS, School of Forest Resources & Conservation, PO Box 110760, Gainesville, FL 32611-0760; phone: 352-846-1247; fax: 352-846-1332; email: zarin@ufl.edu; URL: http://www.ifas.ufl.edu/ N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Use of risk assessment in evaluating food biosecurity options AN - 39918593; 3929880 AU - Kadry, A M AU - Maczka, C AU - Santiago, P AU - Borghi, L Y1 - 2005/05/25/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 25 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39918593?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BioControl+%28Heidelberg%29&rft.atitle=Leaf+scarring+by+the+weevils+Neochetina+eichhorniae+and+N.+bruchi+enhances+infection+by+the+fungus+Cercospora+piaropi+on+waterhyacinth%2C+Eichhornia+crassipes&rft.au=Moran%2C+Patrick+J&rft.aulast=Moran&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=511&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BioControl+%28Heidelberg%29&rft.issn=13866141&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10526-004-4254-y LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: The Society of Toxicology, 1767 Business Center Drive, Suite 302, Resont, VA 20190-5332, USA; phone: 703-438-3115; fax: 703-438-3113; URL: http://www.toxicology.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Spray washing and sanitizer immersion to lower Campylobacter numbers on broiler transport cage flooring AN - 39917416; 3940491 AU - Berrang, ME AU - Northcutt, J K Y1 - 2005/05/25/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 25 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39917416?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Spray+washing+and+sanitizer+immersion+to+lower+Campylobacter+numbers+on+broiler+transport+cage+flooring&rft.au=Berrang%2C+ME%3BNorthcutt%2C+J+K&rft.aulast=Berrang&rft.aufirst=ME&rft.date=2005-05-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: U.S. Poultry & Egg Association, 1530 Cooledge Road, Tucker, GA 30084-7303, USA; phone: 770-493-9401; fax: 770-493-9257; URL: www.internationalpoultryexposition.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Penetration of Salmonella enteritidis and S. heidelberg through the vitelline membrane in an in vitro egg contamination model AN - 39917265; 3939564 AU - Gast, R AU - Holt, P AU - Murase, T Y1 - 2005/05/25/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 25 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39917265?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Penetration+of+Salmonella+enteritidis+and+S.+heidelberg+through+the+vitelline+membrane+in+an+in+vitro+egg+contamination+model&rft.au=Gast%2C+R%3BHolt%2C+P%3BMurase%2C+T&rft.aulast=Gast&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2005-05-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: U.S. Poultry & Egg Association, 1530 Cooledge Road, Tucker, GA 30084-7303, USA; phone: 770-493-9401; fax: 770-493-9257; URL: www.internationalpoultryexposition.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Microbiological impact of spray washing broiler carcasses with acidified electrolyzed water AN - 39891836; 3939029 AU - Northcutt, J K AU - Smith, D P AU - Ingram, K D AU - Hinton, A Jr AU - Musgrove, M T Y1 - 2005/05/25/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 25 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39891836?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Microbiological+impact+of+spray+washing+broiler+carcasses+with+acidified+electrolyzed+water&rft.au=Northcutt%2C+J+K%3BSmith%2C+D+P%3BIngram%2C+K+D%3BHinton%2C+A+Jr%3BMusgrove%2C+M+T&rft.aulast=Northcutt&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2005-05-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: U.S. Poultry & Egg Association, 1530 Cooledge Road, Tucker, GA 30084-7303, USA; phone: 770-493-9401; fax: 770-493-9257; URL: www.internationalpoultryexposition.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Spatial and Temporal Nitrogen Dynamics in Streams of the H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest T2 - 53rd Joint Meeting of the North American Benthological Society and American Geophysical Union AN - 40075525; 3952109 JF - 53rd Joint Meeting of the North American Benthological Society and American Geophysical Union AU - Johnson, Sherri L Y1 - 2005/05/23/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 23 KW - Nitrogen KW - Streams KW - Forests KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40075525?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=53rd+Joint+Meeting+of+the+North+American+Benthological+Society+and+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Spatial+and+Temporal+Nitrogen+Dynamics+in+Streams+of+the+H.J.+Andrews+Experimental+Forest&rft.au=Johnson%2C+Sherri+L&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Sherri&rft.date=2005-05-23&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=53rd+Joint+Meeting+of+the+North+American+Benthological+Society+and+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.benthos.org/Database/searchallnabstracts.cfm/subset/NewOrleans20 05abstracts LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-09-05 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Rolling Stones: Studying Aquatic Invertebrates on Hard Rock Substrates T2 - 53rd Joint Meeting of the North American Benthological Society and American Geophysical Union AN - 40074716; 3952241 JF - 53rd Joint Meeting of the North American Benthological Society and American Geophysical Union AU - Testa, Sam AU - Cooper, Charles M Y1 - 2005/05/23/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 23 KW - North America KW - Geophysics KW - Joints KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40074716?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=53rd+Joint+Meeting+of+the+North+American+Benthological+Society+and+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Rolling+Stones%3A+Studying+Aquatic+Invertebrates+on+Hard+Rock+Substrates&rft.au=Testa%2C+Sam%3BCooper%2C+Charles+M&rft.aulast=Testa&rft.aufirst=Sam&rft.date=2005-05-23&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=53rd+Joint+Meeting+of+the+North+American+Benthological+Society+and+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.benthos.org/Database/searchallnabstracts.cfm/subset/NewOrleans20 05abstracts LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-09-05 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Diversity and Life Histories in Freshwater Mussel Communities of the Gulf Coastal Plain, USA T2 - 53rd Joint Meeting of the North American Benthological Society and American Geophysical Union AN - 40062901; 3951972 JF - 53rd Joint Meeting of the North American Benthological Society and American Geophysical Union AU - Haag, Wendell R AU - Warren, Melvin L Y1 - 2005/05/23/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 23 KW - USA KW - USA, Florida, Gulf Coastal Plain KW - Species diversity KW - Life history KW - Freshwater environments KW - Historical account KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40062901?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=53rd+Joint+Meeting+of+the+North+American+Benthological+Society+and+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Diversity+and+Life+Histories+in+Freshwater+Mussel+Communities+of+the+Gulf+Coastal+Plain%2C+USA&rft.au=Haag%2C+Wendell+R%3BWarren%2C+Melvin+L&rft.aulast=Haag&rft.aufirst=Wendell&rft.date=2005-05-23&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=53rd+Joint+Meeting+of+the+North+American+Benthological+Society+and+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.benthos.org/Database/searchallnabstracts.cfm/subset/NewOrleans20 05abstracts LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-09-05 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Use of a Fiber-Bundle Model to Quantify Root Reinforcement in Streambanks T2 - 53rd Joint Meeting of the North American Benthological Society and American Geophysical Union AN - 40028353; 3952391 JF - 53rd Joint Meeting of the North American Benthological Society and American Geophysical Union AU - Pollen, Natasha L AU - Andrew, Simon Y1 - 2005/05/23/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 23 KW - Models KW - Reinforcement KW - Roots KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40028353?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=53rd+Joint+Meeting+of+the+North+American+Benthological+Society+and+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Use+of+a+Fiber-Bundle+Model+to+Quantify+Root+Reinforcement+in+Streambanks&rft.au=Pollen%2C+Natasha+L%3BAndrew%2C+Simon&rft.aulast=Pollen&rft.aufirst=Natasha&rft.date=2005-05-23&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=53rd+Joint+Meeting+of+the+North+American+Benthological+Society+and+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.benthos.org/Database/searchallnabstracts.cfm/subset/NewOrleans20 05abstracts LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-09-05 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Stream Characteristics and Aquatic Macroinvertebrates Following Wildland Fire in Western Wyoming T2 - 53rd Joint Meeting of the North American Benthological Society and American Geophysical Union AN - 40027855; 3952093 JF - 53rd Joint Meeting of the North American Benthological Society and American Geophysical Union AU - Dwire, Kathleen A AU - Monroe, Jeremy AU - Rhodes, Howard AU - Dixon, Mark K AU - Ryan, Sandra E Y1 - 2005/05/23/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 23 KW - USA, Wyoming KW - Zoobenthos KW - Fires KW - Streams KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40027855?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=53rd+Joint+Meeting+of+the+North+American+Benthological+Society+and+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Stream+Characteristics+and+Aquatic+Macroinvertebrates+Following+Wildland+Fire+in+Western+Wyoming&rft.au=Dwire%2C+Kathleen+A%3BMonroe%2C+Jeremy%3BRhodes%2C+Howard%3BDixon%2C+Mark+K%3BRyan%2C+Sandra+E&rft.aulast=Dwire&rft.aufirst=Kathleen&rft.date=2005-05-23&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=53rd+Joint+Meeting+of+the+North+American+Benthological+Society+and+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.benthos.org/Database/searchallnabstracts.cfm/subset/NewOrleans20 05abstracts LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-09-05 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - An Examination of References for Ecosystems in a Watershed Context: Results of a Scientific Pulse in Redwood National and State Parks, California T2 - 53rd Joint Meeting of the North American Benthological Society and American Geophysical Union AN - 40014889; 3952272 JF - 53rd Joint Meeting of the North American Benthological Society and American Geophysical Union AU - Lisle, Thomas E AU - Cummins, Kenneth W AU - Madej, Mary Ann Y1 - 2005/05/23/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 23 KW - USA, California KW - Watersheds KW - Parks KW - Ecosystems KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40014889?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=53rd+Joint+Meeting+of+the+North+American+Benthological+Society+and+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=An+Examination+of+References+for+Ecosystems+in+a+Watershed+Context%3A+Results+of+a+Scientific+Pulse+in+Redwood+National+and+State+Parks%2C+California&rft.au=Lisle%2C+Thomas+E%3BCummins%2C+Kenneth+W%3BMadej%2C+Mary+Ann&rft.aulast=Lisle&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2005-05-23&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=53rd+Joint+Meeting+of+the+North+American+Benthological+Society+and+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.benthos.org/Database/searchallnabstracts.cfm/subset/NewOrleans20 05abstracts LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-09-05 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Effects of Channel and Riparian Zone Rehabilitation on Invertebrate Taxa Richness and Diversity in a Mississippi Hill Land Stream T2 - 53rd Joint Meeting of the North American Benthological Society and American Geophysical Union AN - 39972601; 3952129 JF - 53rd Joint Meeting of the North American Benthological Society and American Geophysical Union AU - Cooper, Charles M AU - Bryant, Charles T AU - Shields, F Douglas Y1 - 2005/05/23/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 23 KW - USA, Mississippi KW - Species diversity KW - Channels KW - Riparian zone KW - Streams KW - Rehabilitation KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39972601?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=53rd+Joint+Meeting+of+the+North+American+Benthological+Society+and+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Effects+of+Channel+and+Riparian+Zone+Rehabilitation+on+Invertebrate+Taxa+Richness+and+Diversity+in+a+Mississippi+Hill+Land+Stream&rft.au=Cooper%2C+Charles+M%3BBryant%2C+Charles+T%3BShields%2C+F+Douglas&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2005-05-23&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=53rd+Joint+Meeting+of+the+North+American+Benthological+Society+and+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.benthos.org/Database/searchallnabstracts.cfm/subset/NewOrleans20 05abstracts LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-09-05 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Validating the Assumption of Annual Shell Ring Deposition in Freshwater Mussels T2 - 53rd Joint Meeting of the North American Benthological Society and American Geophysical Union AN - 39960693; 3951984 JF - 53rd Joint Meeting of the North American Benthological Society and American Geophysical Union AU - Commens, Amy M AU - Haag, Wendell R Y1 - 2005/05/23/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 23 KW - Shells KW - Freshwater environments KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39960693?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=53rd+Joint+Meeting+of+the+North+American+Benthological+Society+and+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Validating+the+Assumption+of+Annual+Shell+Ring+Deposition+in+Freshwater+Mussels&rft.au=Commens%2C+Amy+M%3BHaag%2C+Wendell+R&rft.aulast=Commens&rft.aufirst=Amy&rft.date=2005-05-23&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=53rd+Joint+Meeting+of+the+North+American+Benthological+Society+and+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.benthos.org/Database/searchallnabstracts.cfm/subset/NewOrleans20 05abstracts LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-09-05 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Seasonal Nutrient Dynamics in Three Stream Types in Se Alaska T2 - 53rd Joint Meeting of the North American Benthological Society and American Geophysical Union AN - 39960540; 3951941 JF - 53rd Joint Meeting of the North American Benthological Society and American Geophysical Union AU - Edwards, Richard T AU - Norberg, Erik C AU - Fellman, Jason Y1 - 2005/05/23/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 23 KW - USA, Alaska KW - Seasonal variations KW - Streams KW - Nutrient dynamics KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39960540?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=53rd+Joint+Meeting+of+the+North+American+Benthological+Society+and+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Seasonal+Nutrient+Dynamics+in+Three+Stream+Types+in+Se+Alaska&rft.au=Edwards%2C+Richard+T%3BNorberg%2C+Erik+C%3BFellman%2C+Jason&rft.aulast=Edwards&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2005-05-23&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=53rd+Joint+Meeting+of+the+North+American+Benthological+Society+and+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.benthos.org/Database/searchallnabstracts.cfm/subset/NewOrleans20 05abstracts LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-09-05 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Mechanical and Hydrologic Effects of Riparian Vegetation on Critical Conditions for Streambank Stability: Upper Truckee River, California T2 - 53rd Joint Meeting of the North American Benthological Society and American Geophysical Union AN - 39955700; 3952307 JF - 53rd Joint Meeting of the North American Benthological Society and American Geophysical Union AU - Simon, Andrew AU - Pollen, Natasha L AU - Langendoen, Eddy J Y1 - 2005/05/23/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 23 KW - USA, Nevada, Truckee R. KW - USA, California KW - Rivers KW - Riparian vegetation KW - Streams KW - Vegetation KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39955700?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=53rd+Joint+Meeting+of+the+North+American+Benthological+Society+and+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Mechanical+and+Hydrologic+Effects+of+Riparian+Vegetation+on+Critical+Conditions+for+Streambank+Stability%3A+Upper+Truckee+River%2C+California&rft.au=Simon%2C+Andrew%3BPollen%2C+Natasha+L%3BLangendoen%2C+Eddy+J&rft.aulast=Simon&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2005-05-23&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=53rd+Joint+Meeting+of+the+North+American+Benthological+Society+and+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.benthos.org/Database/searchallnabstracts.cfm/subset/NewOrleans20 05abstracts LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-09-05 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tissue distribution, elimination, and metabolism of dietary sodium [36Cl]chlorate in beef cattle. AN - 67820513; 15884871 AB - Two steers (approximately 195 kg) were each dosed with 62.5 or 130.6 mg/kg body weight sodium [36Cl]chlorate for three consecutive days. All excreta were collected during the dosing and 8 h withdrawal periods. The apparent radiochlorine absorption was 62-68% of the total dose with the major excretory route being urine. Parent chlorate was 65-100% of the urinary radiochlorine; chloride was the only other radiochlorine species present. Similarly, residues in edible tissues were composed of chloride and chlorate with chloride being the major radiolabeled species present. Chlorate represented 28-57% of the total radioactive residues in skeletal muscle; in liver, kidney, and adipose tissues, chlorate ion represented a smaller percentage of the total residues. Chlorate residues in the low dose steer were 26 ppm in kidney, 14 ppm in skeletal muscle, 2.0 ppm in adipose tissue, and 0.7 ppm in liver. These data indicate that sodium chlorate may be a viable preharvest food safety tool for use by the cattle industry. JF - Journal of agricultural and food chemistry AU - Smith, David J AU - Anderson, Robin C AU - Ellig, Dee A AU - Larsen, Gerald L AD - Biosciences Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1605 Albrecht Boulevard, Fargo, North Dakota 58105-5674, USA. smithd@fargo.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/05/18/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 18 SP - 4272 EP - 4280 VL - 53 IS - 10 SN - 0021-8561, 0021-8561 KW - Chlorates KW - 0 KW - Chlorides KW - Radioisotopes KW - Chlorine KW - 4R7X1O2820 KW - sodium chlorate KW - T95DR77GMR KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Chlorides -- analysis KW - Chlorides -- urine KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Kidney -- chemistry KW - Muscle, Skeletal -- chemistry KW - Liver -- chemistry KW - Adipose Tissue -- chemistry KW - Male KW - Chlorates -- pharmacokinetics KW - Cattle -- metabolism KW - Chlorates -- metabolism KW - Chlorates -- analysis KW - Radioisotopes -- urine KW - Diet KW - Chlorine -- urine KW - Chlorates -- urine KW - Chlorates -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67820513?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+agricultural+and+food+chemistry&rft.atitle=Tissue+distribution%2C+elimination%2C+and+metabolism+of+dietary+sodium+%5B36Cl%5Dchlorate+in+beef+cattle.&rft.au=Smith%2C+David+J%3BAnderson%2C+Robin+C%3BEllig%2C+Dee+A%3BLarsen%2C+Gerald+L&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2005-05-18&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=4272&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+agricultural+and+food+chemistry&rft.issn=00218561&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-06-29 N1 - Date created - 2005-05-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of cortisol and stress on channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) pathogen susceptibility and lysozyme activity following exposure to Edwardsiella ictaluri AN - 19530255; 8249366 AB - Periods of stress are often associated with disease outbreaks in cultured fish, and stress is often characterized by the secretion of cortisol. Although stress and cortisol secretion are highly correlated in fish, the role of cortisol in affecting channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) pathogen susceptibility is unclear. The effects of short-term stress and exogenous cortisol administration on channel catfish susceptibility to Edwardsiella ictaluri, the etiologic agent of enteric septicemia of catfish (ESC), were investigated. Channel catfish were exposed to virulent E. ictaluri following a standardized 30-min low-water stress or administration of dietary cortisol (100mg/kg feed) and compared to a pathogen-challenged control group of catfish. Pathogen susceptibility increased in stressed catfish (43.3% mortality) when compared to cortisol-fed catfish (26.7%) and controls (26.7%). A greater (P0.05) among the treatments. Catfish challenged by the low-water stress event had elevated (P0.05) to either lysozyme activity or bacterial levels; however, lysozyme activity was positively correlated (P=0.0197) to blood bacterial concentrations. These results implicate other stress factors or pathways, separate from or possibly in conjunction with cortisol, in the stress-associated immunosuppression of channel catfish as it relates to ESC susceptibility. JF - General and Comparative Endocrinology AU - Small, B C AU - Bilodeau, AL AD - USDA/ARS Catfish Genetics Research Unit, P.O. Box 38, Stoneville, MS 38776, USA, bsmall@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/05/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 15 SP - 256 EP - 262 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl] VL - 142 IS - 1-2 SN - 0016-6480, 0016-6480 KW - ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Lysozyme KW - Mortality KW - Hydrocortisone KW - Septicemia KW - Edwardsiella ictaluri KW - Secretion KW - Bacterial diseases KW - Disease control KW - Stress KW - Pathogens KW - Cultured organisms KW - Freshwater KW - Freshwater fish KW - Hormones KW - Ictalurus punctatus KW - Blood KW - Fish diseases KW - Mortality causes KW - Immunosuppression KW - Q1 08587:Diseases of Cultured Organisms KW - J 02400:Human Diseases KW - Q3 08587:Diseases of Cultured Organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19530255?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=General+and+Comparative+Endocrinology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+cortisol+and+stress+on+channel+catfish+%28Ictalurus+punctatus%29+pathogen+susceptibility+and+lysozyme+activity+following+exposure+to+Edwardsiella+ictaluri&rft.au=Small%2C+B+C%3BBilodeau%2C+AL&rft.aulast=Small&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2005-05-15&rft.volume=142&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=256&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=General+and+Comparative+Endocrinology&rft.issn=00166480&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ygcen.2004.12.004 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fish diseases; Secretion; Bacterial diseases; Disease control; Cultured organisms; Pathogens; Freshwater fish; Hormones; Mortality causes; Mortality; Blood; Lysozyme; Hydrocortisone; Septicemia; Stress; Immunosuppression; Edwardsiella ictaluri; Ictalurus punctatus; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ygcen.2004.12.004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 25 Years of Ecological Change at Mount St. Helens AN - 17810019; 6222490 AB - The environment around Mount St. Helens was forever altered by its eruption on 18 May 1980. In their Perspective, Dale, et al. explain the many fascinating changes to the environment that have taken place and the many important lessons learned by researchers during the 25 years since the eruption. JF - Science (Washington) AU - Dale, V H AU - Crisafulli, C M AU - Swanson, F J AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831- 6036, USA. C. M. Crisafulli is with the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Forestry Sciences Laboratory, Olympia, WA 98512, USA., dalevh@ornl.gov Y1 - 2005/05/13/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 13 SP - 961 EP - 962 PB - American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1200 New York Avenue, NW Washington DC 20005 USA, [mailto:membership@aaas.org], [URL:http://www.aaas.org] VL - 308 IS - 5724 SN - 0036-8075, 0036-8075 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - USA, Washington KW - Colonization KW - Volcanic environments KW - Succession KW - D 04100:Terrestrial ecosystems - general UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17810019?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+%28Washington%29&rft.atitle=25+Years+of+Ecological+Change+at+Mount+St.+Helens&rft.au=Dale%2C+V+H%3BCrisafulli%2C+C+M%3BSwanson%2C+F+J&rft.aulast=Dale&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2005-05-13&rft.volume=308&rft.issue=5724&rft.spage=961&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+%28Washington%29&rft.issn=00368075&rft_id=info:doi/10.1126%2Fscience.1109684 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Colonization; Volcanic environments; Succession; USA, Washington DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1109684 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A protective endophyte of maize: Acremonium zeae antibiotics inhibitory to Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium verticillioides. AN - 68033703; 16018316 AB - The maize endophyte Acremonium zeae is antagonistic to kernel rotting and mycotoxin producing fungi Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium verticillioides in cultural tests for antagonism, and interferes with A. flavus infection and aflatoxin contamination of preharvest maize kernels. Chemical studies of an organic extract from maize kernel fermentations of Acremonium zeae (NRRL 13540), which displayed significant antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus and F. verticillioides, revealed that the metabolites accounting for this activity were two newly reported antibiotics pyrrocidines A and B. Pyrrocidines were detected in fermentation extracts for 12 NRRL cultures of Acremonium zeae isolated from maize kernels harvested in Illinois (4/4 cultures), North Carolina (5/5), Georgia (1/2) and unrecorded locations within the USA (2/2). Pyrrocidine B was detected by LCMSMS in whole symptomatic maize kernels removed at harvest from ears of a commercial hybrid that were wound-inoculated in the milk stage with A. zeae (NRRL 13540) or (NRRL 13541). The pyrrocidines were first reported from the fermentation broth of an unidentified filamentous fungus LL-Cyan426, isolated from a mixed Douglas Fir hardwood forest on Crane Island Preserve, Washington, in 1993. Pyrrocidine A exhibited potent activity against most Gram-positive bacteria, including drug-resistant strains, and was also active against the yeast Candida albicans. In an evaluation of cultural antagonism between 13 isolates of A. zeae in pairings with A. flavus (NRRL 6541) and F. verticillioides (NRRL 25457), A. zeae (NRRL 6415) and (NRRL 34556) produced the strongest reaction, inhibiting both organisms at a distance while continuing to grow through the resulting clear zone at an unchanged rate. Maximum colony diameters for A. zeae (NRRL 6415) and (NRRL 13540), on potato dextrose agar after 14 d, were attained within the range of 25-30 degrees C, with less growth recorded at 15 degrees and 37.5 degrees and no growth at 5 degrees. Potential interactions between A. zeae and other maize endophytes are considered and the significance of these interactions relative to the aflatoxin and fumonisin contamination of preharvest maize is presented. This is the first report of natural products from Acremonium zeae. JF - Mycological research AU - Wicklow, Donald T AU - Roth, Shoshannah AU - Deyrup, Stephen T AU - Gloer, James B AD - USDA, ARS, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Peoria, IL 61604, USA. wicklodt@ncaur.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 610 EP - 618 VL - 109 SN - 0953-7562, 0953-7562 KW - Antifungal Agents KW - 0 KW - Bridged-Ring Compounds KW - Mycotoxins KW - Plant Extracts KW - Pyrrolidinones KW - pyrrocidine A KW - pyrrocidine B KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Plant Extracts -- pharmacology KW - Coculture Techniques KW - Fermentation KW - Bridged-Ring Compounds -- isolation & purification KW - Mycotoxins -- chemistry KW - Pyrrolidinones -- isolation & purification KW - Plant Extracts -- chemistry KW - Zea mays -- microbiology KW - Fusarium -- drug effects KW - Antifungal Agents -- pharmacology KW - Aspergillus flavus -- growth & development KW - Aspergillus flavus -- drug effects KW - Antibiosis KW - Fusarium -- growth & development KW - Antifungal Agents -- isolation & purification KW - Acremonium -- metabolism KW - Acremonium -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68033703?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mycological+research&rft.atitle=A+protective+endophyte+of+maize%3A+Acremonium+zeae+antibiotics+inhibitory+to+Aspergillus+flavus+and+Fusarium+verticillioides.&rft.au=Wicklow%2C+Donald+T%3BRoth%2C+Shoshannah%3BDeyrup%2C+Stephen+T%3BGloer%2C+James+B&rft.aulast=Wicklow&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=&rft.spage=610&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mycological+research&rft.issn=09537562&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-08-21 N1 - Date created - 2005-07-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of contact and spatial repellency of catnip oil and N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (deet) against mosquitoes. AN - 67944778; 15962779 AB - Nepetalactone, the primary component of catnip oil, was compared with the repellent N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (deet) for its ability to affect the host-seeking ability of Aedes aegypti (L.). A triple cage olfactometer was used to bioassay each substance and to assess its attraction inhibition (spatial repellent) attributes when combined with the following attractants: carbon dioxide, acetone, a blend of L-lactic acid and acetone, and human odors. Repellent tests were conducted with each substance against female Ae. aegypti, Anopheles albimanus Weidemann, and Anopheles quadrimaculatus Say. Catnip oil and deet were both weakly attractive to Ae. aegypti, catnip oil was the better spatial repellent, whereas deet was a more effective contact repellent in tests with all three species of mosquitoes. JF - Journal of medical entomology AU - Bernier, Ulrich R AU - Furman, Kay D AU - Kline, Daniel L AU - Allan, Sandra A AU - Barnard, Donald R AD - USDA-ARS, Center for Medical, Agricultural, and Veterinary Entomology, 1600 SW 23rd Drive, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA. Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 306 EP - 311 VL - 42 IS - 3 SN - 0022-2585, 0022-2585 KW - Insect Repellents KW - 0 KW - Plant Oils KW - DEET KW - 134-62-3 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Smell KW - Odorants KW - Culicidae -- physiology KW - Nepeta -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67944778?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+medical+entomology&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+contact+and+spatial+repellency+of+catnip+oil+and+N%2CN-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide+%28deet%29+against+mosquitoes.&rft.au=Bernier%2C+Ulrich+R%3BFurman%2C+Kay+D%3BKline%2C+Daniel+L%3BAllan%2C+Sandra+A%3BBarnard%2C+Donald+R&rft.aulast=Bernier&rft.aufirst=Ulrich&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=306&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+medical+entomology&rft.issn=00222585&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-07-14 N1 - Date created - 2005-06-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ammodendrine and N-methylammodendrine enantiomers: isolation, optical rotation, and toxicity. AN - 67879455; 15921409 AB - Ammodendrine (1) was found to occur as a mixture of enantiomers in two different collections of plants identified as Lupinus formosus. The ammodendrine fraction was reacted in a peptide coupling reaction with 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl-L-alanine (Fmoc-L-Ala-OH) to give diastereomers, which were separated by preparative HPLC. The pure D- and L-ammodendrine enantiomers were then obtained by Edman degradation. Optical rotation measurements revealed that the D- and L-enantiomers had optical rotations of [alpha]24D +5.4 and -5.7, respectively. D- and L-N-methylammodendrine enantiomers were synthesized from the corresponding ammodendrine enantiomers, and their optical rotations established as [alpha]23D +62.4 and -59.0, respectively. A mouse bioassay was used to determine the difference in toxicity between these two pairs of naturally occurring enantiomers. The LD50 of (+)-D-ammodendrine in mice was determined to be 94.1 +/- 7 mg/kg and that of (-)-L-ammodendrine as 115.0 +/- 7 mg/kg. The LD50 of (+)-D-N-methylammodendrine in mice was estimated to be 56.3 mg/kg, while that of (-)-L-N-methylammodendrine was determined to be 63.4 +/- 5 mg/kg. These results establish the rotation values for pure ammodendrine and N-methylammodendrine and indicate that there is little difference in acute murine toxicity between the respective enantiomers. JF - Journal of natural products AU - Lee, Stephen T AU - Molyneux, Russell J AU - Panter, Kip E AU - Chang, Cheng-Wei Tom AU - Gardner, Dale R AU - Pfister, James A AU - Garrossian, Massoud AD - Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 1150 East, 1400 North, Logan, Utah 84341, USA. stlee@cc.usu.edu Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 681 EP - 685 VL - 68 IS - 5 SN - 0163-3864, 0163-3864 KW - Dihydropyridines KW - 0 KW - N-methylammodendrine KW - Piperidines KW - Pyridines KW - ammodendrine KW - 494-15-5 KW - Index Medicus KW - Molecular Structure KW - Animals KW - Stereoisomerism KW - Cattle KW - Plants, Edible KW - Mice KW - Lupinus -- chemistry KW - Lupinus -- toxicity KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid KW - Dihydropyridines -- toxicity KW - Cattle Diseases KW - Pyridines -- chemistry KW - Dihydropyridines -- chemistry KW - Piperidines -- chemistry KW - Pyridines -- toxicity KW - Piperidines -- toxicity KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Dihydropyridines -- isolation & purification KW - Piperidines -- isolation & purification KW - Pyridines -- isolation & purification UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67879455?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+natural+products&rft.atitle=Ammodendrine+and+N-methylammodendrine+enantiomers%3A+isolation%2C+optical+rotation%2C+and+toxicity.&rft.au=Lee%2C+Stephen+T%3BMolyneux%2C+Russell+J%3BPanter%2C+Kip+E%3BChang%2C+Cheng-Wei+Tom%3BGardner%2C+Dale+R%3BPfister%2C+James+A%3BGarrossian%2C+Massoud&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=681&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+natural+products&rft.issn=01633864&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-07-07 N1 - Date created - 2005-05-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Distribution of Listeria monocytogenes subtypes within a poultry further processing plant. AN - 67833422; 15895730 AB - Samples from environmental sites and raw product in a chicken further processing plant were collected every 6 weeks for 12 months. Each sample site was examined before and after a complete production shift. All samples were examined for the presence of Listeria monocytogenes, which was detected in floor drains on the raw product side of the plant preoperation and in drains on both raw and cooked sides following 8 h of processing operation. L. monocytogenes also was detected in raw product and once in fully cooked product but never on cooked product contact surfaces. One hundred sixty-one isolates were collected from 75 positive samples. All isolates were subtyped using a sequence-based method, and 14 unique subtypes were detected through the course of the study. Four of these types were found repeatedly and appeared to be resident in the plant. Three of the four resident strains were detected on raw product at some point during the year-long study, suggesting that raw product may be one source of L. monocytogenes in the processing plant environment. These data highlight the need for research to investigate why some types of L. monocytogenes persist in a processing plant environment but others do not. JF - Journal of food protection AU - Berrang, M E AU - Meinersmann, R J AU - Frank, J F AU - Smith, D P AU - Genzlinger, L L AD - US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Russell Research Center, Athens, Georgia 30605, USA. mberrang@saa.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 980 EP - 985 VL - 68 IS - 5 SN - 0362-028X, 0362-028X KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Food Microbiology KW - Equipment Contamination KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Listeria monocytogenes -- isolation & purification KW - Food-Processing Industry -- standards KW - Food Handling -- methods KW - Food Contamination -- analysis KW - Chickens -- microbiology KW - Listeria monocytogenes -- classification UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67833422?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.atitle=Distribution+of+Listeria+monocytogenes+subtypes+within+a+poultry+further+processing+plant.&rft.au=Berrang%2C+M+E%3BMeinersmann%2C+R+J%3BFrank%2C+J+F%3BSmith%2C+D+P%3BGenzlinger%2C+L+L&rft.aulast=Berrang&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=980&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.issn=0362028X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-06-06 N1 - Date created - 2005-05-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of ambient ozone effects on vegetation using snap bean as a bioindicator species. AN - 67821022; 15888894 AB - Tropospheric ozone is an air pollutant that is toxic to plants, causing visible injury to foliage and a reduction in growth and yield. The use of plant bioindicators is one approach to assess the ozone impacts in diverse geographical areas. The objective of this study was to evaluate snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) as a potential bioindicator species. Three snap bean genotypes known to exhibit a range of ozone sensitivity were grown in pots under charcoal-filtered (CF) or nonfiltered (NF) treatments in open-top chambers, or under ambient air (AA) conditions. Treatment effects on biomass were not significant at 56 days after planting (DAP), but midseason foliar injury increased in the NF and AA treatments relative to CF controls. An increase in ozone from 25 to 30 nL L(-1) in CF controls to approximately 50 nL L(-1) in the NF and AA treatments was found to suppress final pod dry weight per plant by 40 to 60% in the most sensitive genotype S156. The same treatments suppressed final pod dry weight by 20 to 30% in a moderately sensitive genotype Oregon-91, and by 10% or less in a tolerant genotype R123. An S156 to R123 yield ratio of approximately one was observed under CF conditions. The S156 to R123 yield ratio declined to 0.6 to 0.7 in the NF treatment and declined further to 0.4 to 0.5 in the AA treatment, suggesting that ozone impact was underestimated in the open-top chambers. The results suggest that a snap bean bioindicator system has the potential to detect ambient ozone effects at present-day ozone concentrations. JF - Journal of environmental quality AU - Burkey, Kent O AU - Miller, Joseph E AU - Fiscus, Edwin L AD - USDA-ARS Plant Science Research Unit, Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA. koburkey@unity.ncsu.edu PY - 2005 SP - 1081 EP - 1086 VL - 34 IS - 3 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Oxidants, Photochemical KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Seasons KW - Seeds -- growth & development KW - Biomass KW - Oxidants, Photochemical -- toxicity KW - Phaseolus -- genetics KW - Air Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Phaseolus -- growth & development KW - Ozone -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67821022?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+environmental+quality&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+ambient+ozone+effects+on+vegetation+using+snap+bean+as+a+bioindicator+species.&rft.au=Burkey%2C+Kent+O%3BMiller%2C+Joseph+E%3BFiscus%2C+Edwin+L&rft.aulast=Burkey&rft.aufirst=Kent&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1081&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+environmental+quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-09-13 N1 - Date created - 2005-05-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Production of autoinducer 2 in Salmonella enterica serovar Thompson contributes to its fitness in chickens but not on cilantro leaf surfaces. AN - 67791666; 15870357 AB - Food-borne illness caused by Salmonella enterica has been linked traditionally to poultry products but is associated increasingly with fresh fruits and vegetables. We have investigated the role of the production of autoinducer 2 (AI-2) in the ability of S. enterica serovar Thompson to colonize the chicken intestine and the cilantro phyllosphere. A mutant of S. enterica serovar Thompson that is defective in AI-2 production was constructed by insertional mutagenesis of luxS. The population size of the S. enterica serovar Thompson parental strain was significantly higher than that of its LuxS(-) mutant in the intestine, spleen, and droppings of chicks 12 days after their oral inoculation with the strains in a ratio of 1:1. In contrast, no significant difference in the population dynamics of the parental and LuxS(-) strain was observed after their inoculation singly or in mixtures onto cilantro plants. Digital image analysis revealed that 54% of S. enterica serovar Thompson cells were present in large aggregates on cilantro leaves but that the frequency distributions of the size of aggregates formed by the parental strain and the LuxS(-) mutant were not significantly different. Carbon utilization profiles indicated that the AI-2-producing strain utilized a variety of amino and organic acids more efficiently than its LuxS(-) mutant but that most sugars were utilized similarly in both strains. Thus, inherent differences in the nutrients available to S. enterica in the phyllosphere and in the chicken intestine may underlie the differential contribution of AI-2 synthesis to the fitness of S. enterica in these environments. JF - Applied and environmental microbiology AU - Brandl, M T AU - Miller, W G AU - Bates, A H AU - Mandrell, R E AD - Produce Safety and Microbiology Research Unit, Agriculture Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA 94710, USA. mbrandl@pw.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 2653 EP - 2662 VL - 71 IS - 5 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Bacterial Proteins KW - 0 KW - Lactones KW - N-octanoylhomoserine lactone KW - Homoserine KW - 6KA95X0IVO KW - Carbon KW - 7440-44-0 KW - Carbon-Sulfur Lyases KW - EC 4.4.- KW - LuxS protein, Bacteria KW - EC 4.4.1.21 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Base Sequence KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Carbon -- metabolism KW - Bacterial Proteins -- physiology KW - Salmonella enterica -- growth & development KW - Coriandrum -- microbiology KW - Chickens -- microbiology KW - Homoserine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Salmonella enterica -- metabolism KW - Homoserine -- biosynthesis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67791666?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Entomology&rft.atitle=Herbivory+alters+resource+allocation+and+compensation+in+the+invasive+tree+Melaleuca+quinquenervia&rft.au=Pratt%2C+P+D%3BRayamajhi%2C+M+B%3BVan%2C+T+K%3BCenter%2C+T+D%3BTipping%2C+P+W&rft.aulast=Pratt&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=316&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Entomology&rft.issn=03076946&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.0307-6946.2005.00691.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-06-15 N1 - Date created - 2005-05-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Genetic sequence - AY496970; GENBANK N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Nov 25;100 Suppl 2:14549-54 [12949263] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2003 Jul;69(7):3687-94 [12839733] Adv Appl Microbiol. 2003;53:291-396 [14696323] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2004 Jan;70(1):346-55 [14711662] Infect Immun. 2004 Apr;72(4):2329-37 [15039358] Gene. 1982 Oct;19(3):259-68 [6295879] J Bacteriol. 1987 Dec;169(12):5789-94 [2824447] J Bacteriol. 1990 Nov;172(11):6568-72 [2172217] Mol Microbiol. 1993 Aug;9(4):773-86 [8231809] Nature. 1995 Feb 23;373(6516):663-4 [7854443] Poult Sci. 1995 Apr;74(4):638-47 [7792235] Gene. 1995 Dec 1;166(1):175-6 [8529885] Gene. 1996;173(1 Spec No):33-8 [8707053] Mol Microbiol. 1999 Jan;31(2):585-95 [10027975] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2000 Jan;66(1):369-74 [10618250] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2000 Aug;66(8):3160-5 [10919764] Mol Plant Microbe Interact. 2000 Nov;13(11):1243-50 [11059491] Mol Microbiol. 2001 Jul;41(2):463-76 [11489131] Nature. 2001 Oct 25;413(6858):852-6 [11677609] Mol Microbiol. 2001 Nov;42(3):777-93 [11722742] Infect Immun. 2002 Apr;70(4):2245-8 [11895997] Infect Immun. 2002 May;70(5):2640-9 [11953406] J Bacteriol. 2002 Jul;184(13):3450-6 [12057938] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2002 Jul;68(7):3614-21 [12089050] J Bacteriol. 2003 Jan;185(1):274-84 [12486064] J Bacteriol. 2003 Feb;185(4):1357-66 [12562806] Infect Immun. 2003 Apr;71(4):1972-9 [12654815] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Dec 23;100(26):15977-82 [14665692] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Decrease in water-soluble 17beta-Estradiol and testosterone in composted poultry manure with time. AN - 67764820; 15843658 AB - Little attention has been paid to the environmental fate of the hormones 17beta-estradiol and testosterone excreted in animal waste. Land application of manure has a considerable potential to affect the environment with these endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs). Composting is known to decompose organic matter to a stable, humus-like material. The goal of the present study was to quantitatively assess levels of water-soluble 17beta-estradiol and testosterone in composting chicken manure with time. Chicken layer manure was mixed with hay, straw, decomposed leaves, and starter compost, adjusted to approximately 60% moisture, and placed into a windrow. A clay-amended windrow was also prepared. Windrows were turned weekly, and temperature, oxygen, and CO(2) in the composting mass were monitored for either 133 or 139 d. Commercial enzyme immunoassay kits were used to quantitate the levels of 17beta-estradiol and testosterone in aqueous sample extracts. Water-soluble quantities of both hormones diminished during composting. The decrease in 17beta-estradiol followed first-order kinetics, with a rate constant k = -0.010/d. Testosterone levels declined at a slightly higher rate than 17beta-estradiol (i.e., k = -0.015/d). Both hormones could still be measured in aqueous extracts of compost sampled at the conclusion of composting. The decline in water-soluble 17beta-estradiol and testosterone in extracts of clay-amended compost was not statistically different from normal compost. These data suggest that composting may be an environmentally friendly technology suitable for reducing, but not eliminating, the concentrations of these endocrine disrupting hormones at concentrated animal operation facilities. JF - Journal of environmental quality AU - Hakk, Heldur AU - Millner, Patricia AU - Larsen, Gerald AD - USDA-ARS, Biosciences Research Laboratory, Fargo, ND 58105, USA. hakkh@fargo.ars.usda.gov PY - 2005 SP - 943 EP - 950 VL - 34 IS - 3 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Androgens KW - 0 KW - Manure KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Testosterone KW - 3XMK78S47O KW - Estradiol KW - 4TI98Z838E KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Poultry KW - Solubility KW - Kinetics KW - Temperature KW - Androgens -- analysis KW - Estradiol -- analysis KW - Androgens -- chemistry KW - Estradiol -- chemistry KW - Refuse Disposal KW - Testosterone -- analysis KW - Testosterone -- chemistry KW - Soil Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67764820?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+environmental+quality&rft.atitle=Decrease+in+water-soluble+17beta-Estradiol+and+testosterone+in+composted+poultry+manure+with+time.&rft.au=Hakk%2C+Heldur%3BMillner%2C+Patricia%3BLarsen%2C+Gerald&rft.aulast=Hakk&rft.aufirst=Heldur&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=943&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+environmental+quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-09-13 N1 - Date created - 2005-04-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil surveys; a window to the subsurface AN - 51726457; 2005-034303 AB - Soils and underlying parent materials form a continuous system we must understand and manage in total. Numerous concerns (e.g., water quality, on-site waste disposal, landfill placement, and nutrient or pesticide movement) require an integrated knowledge and understanding of soil, the soil-to-substratum transition, and the deeper substratum. Soil C-horizons can exceed the thickness of the overlying A and B-horizons and contain unique morphological properties. The subsolum including C-horizons receives less descriptive emphasis than upper soil horizons. Soil scientists map and classify soils mainly on A and B-horizon properties. Soil forming and hydrologic processes that impart morphological features, however, extend considerably below these horizons. Precise adherence to Soil Taxonomy places an arbitrary constraint on field observations at 2 m. Soil scientists routinely observe C and R horizons and deeper underlying substrata in gravel pits, road cuts, barrow pits, foundation excavations, and drill cores, but provide less documentation than for upper horizons. Parent material and stratigraphy need more consideration in soil map unit design and delineation. Field observations by soil scientists below 2 m are crucial for understanding the subsolum (i.e., the morphology of, and relationships of solum to substratum). Soil surveys can convey concise and more descriptive soil-to-substrata information with little added effort or resources. Soil surveys can accomplish this end by use of block diagrams, parent material maps, and geomorphic maps that include both pedostratigraphic and lithostratigraphic detail. Soil surveys must develop soil and map unit descriptions linked to measured sections and named stratigraphic units, and describe and analyze soils and parent materials to greater depths (>2 m). We use case examples to demonstrate these concepts. Soil-to-substrata documentation and presentation conveys crucial information to soil survey users. Soil-to-substrata relationships identified and recorded during a soil survey create a knowledge window to the subsurface. JF - Geoderma AU - Wysocki, Douglas A AU - Schoeneberger, P J AU - LaGarry, H E A2 - Zanner, C. W. A2 - Graham, Robert C. Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 167 EP - 180 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 126 IS - 1-2 SN - 0016-7061, 0016-7061 KW - United States KW - soils KW - bedrock KW - lithostratigraphy KW - pedogenesis KW - Michigan Upper Peninsula KW - mapping KW - Lancaster County Nebraska KW - Jackson County Wisconsin KW - case studies KW - pedostratigraphy KW - classification KW - soil surveys KW - parent materials KW - surveys KW - Alger County Michigan KW - Michigan KW - horizons KW - Wisconsin KW - landscapes KW - Nebraska KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51726457?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geoderma&rft.atitle=Soil+surveys%3B+a+window+to+the+subsurface&rft.au=Wysocki%2C+Douglas+A%3BSchoeneberger%2C+P+J%3BLaGarry%2C+H+E&rft.aulast=Wysocki&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=126&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=167&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geoderma&rft.issn=00167061&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geoderma.2004.11.012 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167061 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2001 Soil Science Society of America symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 46 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. block diags., 2 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GEDMAB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alger County Michigan; bedrock; case studies; classification; horizons; Jackson County Wisconsin; Lancaster County Nebraska; landscapes; lithostratigraphy; mapping; Michigan; Michigan Upper Peninsula; Nebraska; parent materials; pedogenesis; pedostratigraphy; soil surveys; soils; surveys; United States; Wisconsin DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2004.11.012 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrology of soils and deep regolith; a nexus between soil geography, ecosystems and land management AN - 51723560; 2005-034299 AB - Soils and climate control the internal movement of water in and through regolith. This dynamic process, called soil hydrology (also called hydropedology), can be approached within a framework of conceptual models that combine the influences of regional climate (with local variations), stratigraphy (pedo- and geo-stratigraphic circumstances) and topography (macro- and micro-topography). When combined, these elements can provide a practical understanding and prediction of how and where water in the vadose zone will typically move within a landscape. These conceptual models can also be extended to larger land areas, with adjustments made as the elements, such as stratigraphy, vary. In situations where highly detailed monitoring is not cost-effective, soil hydrology provides a means of incorporating what is known about water flow into our understanding, presentation and use of the soilscape. Soil hydrology can, in turn, be used to explain soil features (soil morphology), distributions (soil geography) and ecosystem functions (dynamics). It can also be used to guide land management decisions by providing a basis for partitioning the landscape into subsets with different input tolerances. JF - Geoderma AU - Schoeneberger, Philip J AU - Wysocki, Douglas A A2 - Zanner, C. W. A2 - Graham, Robert C. Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 117 EP - 128 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 126 IS - 1-2 SN - 0016-7061, 0016-7061 KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - terrestrial environment KW - unsaturated zone KW - ecosystems KW - decision-making KW - topography KW - geography KW - land management KW - theoretical models KW - water regimes KW - ecology KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - landscapes KW - regolith KW - land use KW - climate KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51723560?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geoderma&rft.atitle=Hydrology+of+soils+and+deep+regolith%3B+a+nexus+between+soil+geography%2C+ecosystems+and+land+management&rft.au=Schoeneberger%2C+Philip+J%3BWysocki%2C+Douglas+A&rft.aulast=Schoeneberger&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=126&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=117&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geoderma&rft.issn=00167061&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geoderma.2004.11.010 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167061 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2001 Soil Science Society of America symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 49 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GEDMAB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - climate; decision-making; ecology; ecosystems; geography; hydraulic conductivity; hydrology; land management; land use; landscapes; regolith; soils; terrestrial environment; theoretical models; topography; unsaturated zone; water regimes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2004.11.010 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exogenous trehalose promotes non-structural carbohydrate accumulation and induces chemical detoxification and stress response proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana grown in liquid culture AN - 20848767; 6242239 AB - Trehalose is a non-reducing disaccharide that functions as a storage carbohydrate and osmoprotectant in yeast, fungi and certain insects. Endogenous trehalose also is present in trace amounts in flowering plants and metabolites derived from trehalose were necessary for embryo development. In contrast to its role in endogenous metabolism, exogenous trehalose is toxic to higher plants as evidenced by a severe inhibition of root and cotyledon growth. In the current study, 30 mM trehalose or sterile water was added to 2-week-old liquid cultures containing Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Henyh seedlings. After 12 h of exogenous trehalose treatment sucrose and trehalose were increased 3.2-and 145- fold, respectively, compared to the controls. These were the only metabolites measured in this study that responded to trehalose treatment at this time point. Starch was increased and ATP levels were decreased in Arabidopsis samples after 1 day of treatment with 30 mM trehalose. Conversely, glutamate, glutamine, hexoses and chlorophyll were unaffected by trehalose treatment. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis revealed that for whole Arabidopsis seedlings, nine proteins were altered by 12 h of trehalose treatment relative to the controls. Seven of the nine polypeptides were successfully identified by sequence analysis. Four of the identified proteins induced by trehalose treatment, Phi glutathione S- transferase 2 (AtGSTF2), flavin mononucleotide-binding flavodoxin-like quinone reductase 1 (FQR1), cytosolic dehydroascorbate reductase 1 (DHAR1) and S-adenosylmethionine synthetase 2 (SAMS2), were involved in either detoxification or stress responses. The above results indicated that feeding exogenous trehalose to liquid cultures of Arabidopsis seedlings rapidly altered disaccharide levels and induced detoxification and stress response proteins. These findings supported the suggestion that exogenous trehalose functioned as an elicitor of genes involved in biotic and abiotic stress. JF - Plant Science AU - Bae, H AU - Herman, E AU - Sicher, R AD - USDA-ARS, Plant Sciences Institute, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Room 342, Buiding 001, BARC-west, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, MD 20705- 2350, USA, sicherr@ba.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 1293 EP - 1301 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 168 IS - 5 SN - 0168-9452, 0168-9452 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Proteomics KW - Plant stress KW - Non-structural carbohydrates KW - Sugar signaling KW - Gene expression KW - MALDI-TOF, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight KW - T6P, trehlaose 6-phosphate KW - GST, glutathione S-transferase KW - GSH, glutathione KW - DHAR, dehydroascrobate reductase KW - PDI, protein disulfide isomerase KW - SAMS, S-adenosylmethionine synthetase KW - SAM, S-adenosylmethionine KW - FQR, flavodoxin-like quinine reductase KW - TPI, triose-phosphate isomerase KW - Rubisco, ribulose 1, 5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase KW - Detoxification KW - Flowering KW - osmoprotectants KW - Glutamine KW - Chlorophyll KW - Glutathione KW - Roots KW - Metabolites KW - Trehalose KW - Starch KW - reductase KW - Arabidopsis thaliana KW - Sucrose KW - Embryos KW - Carbohydrates KW - S-Adenosylmethionine KW - Feeding KW - Fungi KW - flavin KW - ATP KW - Stress KW - Gel electrophoresis KW - Disaccharides KW - Cotyledons KW - Hexose KW - quinone reductase 1 KW - Liquid culture KW - Seedlings KW - Glutamic acid KW - X 24310:Pharmaceuticals KW - K 03320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20848767?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Entomology&rft.atitle=Monitoring+Codling+Moth+%28Lepidoptera%3A+Tortricidae%29+in+Apple+with+Blends+of+Ethyl+%28E%2C+Z%29-2%2C4-Decadienoate+and+Codlemone&rft.au=Knight%2C+AL%3BHilton%2C+R%3BLight%2C+D+M&rft.aulast=Knight&rft.aufirst=AL&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=598&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Entomology&rft.issn=0046225X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1043%2F0046-225X%282005%290342.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Flowering; Detoxification; osmoprotectants; Chlorophyll; Glutamine; Glutathione; Roots; Metabolites; Trehalose; Starch; reductase; Sucrose; Embryos; Carbohydrates; S-Adenosylmethionine; Feeding; Fungi; flavin; Stress; ATP; Gel electrophoresis; Disaccharides; Cotyledons; Hexose; Liquid culture; quinone reductase 1; Seedlings; Glutamic acid; Arabidopsis thaliana DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2005.01.006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impacts of Present and Future Climate Change and Climate Variability on Agriculture in the Temperate Regions: North America AN - 20611740; 6788771 AB - The potential impact of climate variability and climate change on agricultural production in the United States and Canada varies generally by latitude. Largest reductions are projected in southern crop areas due to increased temperatures and reduced water availability. A longer growing season and projected increases in CO sub(2) may enhance crop yields in northern growing areas. Major factors in these scenarios analyzes are increased drought tendencies and more extreme weather events, both of which are detrimental to agriculture. Increasing competition for water between agriculture and non-agricultural users also focuses attention on water management issues. Agriculture also has impact on the greenhouse gas balance. Forests and soils are natural sinks for CO sub(2). Removal of forests and changes in land use, associated with the conversion from rural to urban domains, alters these natural sinks. Agricultural livestock and rice cultivation are leading contributors to methane emission into the atmosphere. The application of fertilizers is also a significant contributor to nitrous oxide emission into the atmosphere. Thus, efficient management strategies in agriculture can play an important role in managing the sources and sinks of greenhouse gases. Forest and land management can be effective tools in mitigating the greenhouse effect. JF - Climatic Change AU - Motha, Raymond P AU - Baier, Wolfgang AD - U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Room 5143 South Building, Washington, DC, 20250, U.S.A., rmotha@oce.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 137 EP - 164 PB - Springer-Verlag (Heidelberg), Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany, [mailto:subscriptions@springer.de], [URL:http://www.springer.de/] VL - 70 IS - 1-2 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Agriculture KW - water availability KW - Agricultural production KW - Climatic changes KW - Climate change KW - crop yield KW - Forests KW - Drought KW - Atmosphere KW - Soil KW - Fertilizers KW - mitigation KW - Nitrous oxide emissions KW - Nitrous oxide KW - Climatic variability KW - Emissions KW - Methane emission KW - cultivation KW - Droughts KW - Methane KW - Weather KW - Growing season KW - Land management KW - Climate KW - agriculture KW - Temperature KW - Crop yield KW - Oryza sativa KW - Greenhouse effect KW - Agrochemicals KW - Land use KW - Livestock KW - USA KW - Canada KW - Water management KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Carbon dioxide KW - competition KW - Future climates KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20611740?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Entomology&rft.atitle=Dose-Response+of+Codling+Moth+%28Lepidoptera%3A+Tortricidae%29+to+Ethyl+%28E%2C+Z%29-2%2C4-Decadienoate+in+Apple+Orchards+Treated+with+Sex+Pheromone+Dispensers&rft.au=Knight%2C+AL%3BLight%2C+D+M&rft.aulast=Knight&rft.aufirst=AL&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=604&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Entomology&rft.issn=0046225X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1043%2F0046-225X%282005%290342.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agriculture; Growing season; Land management; Climate change; Crop yield; Drought; Land use; Nitrous oxide emissions; Climatic variability; Water management; Methane emission; Carbon dioxide; Greenhouse gases; Future climates; water availability; Agricultural production; Climatic changes; crop yield; Forests; Atmosphere; Soil; mitigation; Fertilizers; Nitrous oxide; Emissions; cultivation; Droughts; Weather; Methane; Climate; Temperature; agriculture; Greenhouse effect; Agrochemicals; Livestock; competition; Oryza sativa; USA; Canada DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-5940-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Remote Sensing the Spatial Distribution of Crop Residues AN - 20159898; 6536762 AB - Management of plant litter or crop residues in agricultural fields is an important consideration for reducing soil erosion and increasing soil organic C. Current methods of quantifying crop residue cover are inadequate for characterizing the spatial variability of residue cover within fields and across large regions. Our objectives were to evaluate several spectral indices for measuring crop residue cover using ground-based and airborne hyperspectral data and to categorize soil tillage intensity in agricultural fields based on crop residue cover. Reflectance spectra of mixtures of crop residues, green vegetation, and soil were acquired over the 400- to 2500-nm wavelength region. High-altitude AVIRIS (Airborne Visible Infrared Imaging Spectrometer) data were also acquired near Beltsville, MD, in May 2000. Broad absorption features near 2100 and 2300 nm in the reflectance spectra of crop residues were associated with cellulose and lignin. These features were not evident in the spectra of green vegetation and soils. Crop residue cover was linearly related to the cellulose absorption index, which was defined as the relative depth of the 2100- nm absorption feature. Other spectral indices for crop residue were calculated and evaluated. The best spectral indices were based on relatively narrow (10-50 nm) bands in the 2000- to 2400-nm region, were linearly related to crop residue cover, and correctly identified tillage intensity classes in >90% of test agricultural fields. Regional surveys of soil management practices that affect soil conservation and soil C dynamics may be feasible using advanced multispectral or hyperspectral imaging systems. JF - Agronomy Journal AU - Daughtry, CST AU - Hunt, E R AU - Doraiswamy, P C AU - McMurtrey, JE AD - USDA-ARS, Hydrol. and Remote Sens. Lab., Bldg. 007, Rm. 104, 10300 Baltimore Ave., Beltsville, MD 20705-2350 USA, cdaughtry@hydrolab.arsusda.gov Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 864 EP - 871 VL - 97 IS - 3 SN - 0002-1962, 0002-1962 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Litter KW - crop residues KW - Residues KW - Cellulose KW - Remote sensing KW - Vegetation KW - infrared imaging KW - agricultural land KW - Soil erosion KW - agronomy KW - Soil KW - spatial distribution KW - Soil management KW - Plants KW - Absorption KW - Soil conservation KW - tillage KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20159898?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agronomy+Journal&rft.atitle=Remote+Sensing+the+Spatial+Distribution+of+Crop+Residues&rft.au=Daughtry%2C+CST%3BHunt%2C+E+R%3BDoraiswamy%2C+P+C%3BMcMurtrey%2C+JE&rft.aulast=Daughtry&rft.aufirst=CST&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=97&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=864&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agronomy+Journal&rft.issn=00021962&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fagronj2003.0291 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Litter; crop residues; Residues; Cellulose; Remote sensing; Vegetation; agricultural land; infrared imaging; Soil erosion; agronomy; Soil; spatial distribution; Soil management; Absorption; Plants; Soil conservation; tillage DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj2003.0291 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The ability of acidic pH, growth inhibitors, and glucose to increase the proton motive force and energy spilling of amino acid-fermenting Clostridium sporogenes MD1 cultures AN - 19961709; 6650634 AB - Clostridium sporogenes MD1 grew rapidly with peptides and amino acids as an energy source at pH 6.7. However, the proton motive force ( Delta p) was only -25 mV, and protonophores did not inhibit growth. When extracellular pH was decreased with HCl, the chemical gradient of protons (Z Delta pH) and the electrical membrane potential ( Delta psi ) increased. The Delta p was -125 mV at pH 4.7, even though growth was not observed. At pH 6.7, glucose addition did not cause an increase in growth rate, but Delta psi increased to -70 mV. Protein synthesis inhibitors also significantly increased Delta psi . Non-growing, arginine-energized cells had a Delta psi of -80 mV at pH 6.7 or pH 4.7, but Delta psi was not detected if the F sub(1)F sub(0) ATPase was inhibited. Arginine-energized cells initiated growth if other amino acids were added at pH 6.7, and Delta psi and ATP declined. At pH 4.7, ATP production remained high. However, growth could not be initiated, and neither Delta psi nor the intracellular ATP concentration declined. Based on these results, it appears that C. sporogenes MD1 does not need a large Delta p to grow, and Delta p appears to serve as a mechanism of ATP dissipation or energy spilling. JF - Archives of Microbiology AU - Flythe, Michael D AU - Russell, James B AD - USDA, Wing Hall, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA, jbr8@cornell.edu Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 236 EP - 242 PB - Springer-Verlag (Berlin), Heidelberger Platz 3 Berlin 14197 Germany, [mailto:subscriptions@springer.de], [URL:http://www.springer.de/] VL - 183 IS - 4 SN - 0302-8933, 0302-8933 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Growth rate KW - Protein biosynthesis KW - Adenosinetriphosphatase KW - Amino acids KW - Clostridium sporogenes KW - Protons KW - Fermentation KW - Glucose KW - ATP KW - Cell culture KW - Protonmotive force KW - Energy KW - pH effects KW - Membrane potential KW - W 30940:Products KW - J 02703:Culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19961709?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Microbiology&rft.atitle=The+ability+of+acidic+pH%2C+growth+inhibitors%2C+and+glucose+to+increase+the+proton+motive+force+and+energy+spilling+of+amino+acid-fermenting+Clostridium+sporogenes+MD1+cultures&rft.au=Flythe%2C+Michael+D%3BRussell%2C+James+B&rft.aulast=Flythe&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=183&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=236&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Microbiology&rft.issn=03028933&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00203-005-0765-x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth rate; Amino acids; Adenosinetriphosphatase; Protein biosynthesis; Fermentation; Protons; Glucose; ATP; Cell culture; Protonmotive force; Energy; pH effects; Membrane potential; Clostridium sporogenes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00203-005-0765-x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Plant Adaptation Regions: Ecological and Climatic Classification of Plant Materials AN - 19959743; 6658283 AB - The effective use of plant materials for an array of objectives including conservation, restoration, renovation, landscaping, and bioremediation requires knowledge of the adaptation of each species and, more specifically, knowledge of the adaptation of cultivars, strains, accessions, or ecotypes of a species to specific sites or regions. For agronomic and horticultural plants, specific adaptation information has been and continues to be developed by extensive testing. Rangeland, grassland, park, and restoration project managers often lack the resources to determine adaptation areas for plant materials because of the large number of species that are used and the extensive geographical areas that are serviced. Problems often arise in delineating adaptation areas for plant materials of both native and introduced species. Since ecoregion and plant hardiness zone classification systems integrate many climatic and geographic variables that determine plant adaptation, these 2 systems can be combined to develop Plant Adaptation Regions (PARs). A PAR map of the contiguous United States was developed by merging a widely used ecoregion map with the USDA Plant Hardiness Zone map, and is available in GIS format. Based on their geographic origins and/or test results, plant materials and their general areas of adaptation can be classified using PARs.Original Abstract: El uso efectivo de materiales de plantas para un grupo de objetivos, incluyendo la conservacion, restauracion, renovacion, jardineria y bioeremediacion, requiere del conocimiento de la adaptacion de cada especie, y mas especificamente de los cultivares, lineas o ecotipos de una especie a regiones o sitios especificos. En el caso de especies horticolas o de uso agronomico la informacion sobre la adaptacion especifica ha sido y continua siendo desarrollada mediante la pruebas extensivas. Sin embargo, los manejadores de proyectos de restauracion de pastizales, parques y praderas a menudo carecen de recursos para determinar las areas de adaptacion para las especies vegetales debido al gran numero de especies que son usadas y las areas geograficas tan extensas en las que son evaluadas. Los problemas a menudo surgen en delinear areas de adaptacion para los materiales vegetales tanto de especies nativas como introducidas. Dado que los sistemas de clasificacion de ecoregiones y zonas de resistencia de las plantas integran muchas variables climaticas y geograficas que determinan la adaptacion de las plantas, ellas pueden se combinadas para desarrollar Regiones de Adaptacion de Plantas (PAR). Un mapa PAR adyacente de Estados Unidos se desarrollo uniendo un mapa de ecoregion, ampliamente utilizado y un mapa de Zona de Resistencia de Planta del Departamento de Agricultura de los Estados Unidos (USDA) que esta disponible en formato de sistemas de informacion geografica (GIS). Basados en su origen geografico y/o resultados de evaluaciones, los materiales de plantas y sus areas generales de adaptacion pueden ser clasificadas usando las Regiones de Adaptacion de Plantas. JF - Rangeland Ecology & Management AU - Vogel, K P AU - Schmer, M R AU - Mitchell, R B AD - Research Geneticist, USDA-ARS, 344 Keim Hall, University of Nebraska, PO Box 830937, Lincoln, NE 68583-0937 Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 315 EP - 319 PB - Society for Range Management VL - 58 IS - 3 SN - 1550-7424, 1550-7424 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Classification systems KW - Adaptations KW - Bioremediation KW - Climate KW - landscaping KW - introduced species KW - Range management KW - adaptability KW - Rangelands KW - Grasslands KW - USA KW - Classification KW - classification KW - Parks KW - cultivars KW - Conservation KW - Geographic information systems KW - Introduced species KW - ecotypes KW - D 04700:Management KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19959743?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rangeland+Ecology+%26+Management&rft.atitle=Plant+Adaptation+Regions%3A+Ecological+and+Climatic+Classification+of+Plant+Materials&rft.au=Vogel%2C+K+P%3BSchmer%2C+M+R%3BMitchell%2C+R+B&rft.aulast=Vogel&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=315&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Rangeland+Ecology+%26+Management&rft.issn=15507424&rft_id=info:doi/10.2111%2F1551-5028%282005%29582.0.CO%3B2 L2 - http://journals.allenpress.com/jrnlserv/?request=get-abstract&issn=1550-7424&volume=58&issue=3&page=315 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Classification systems; Grasslands; Bioremediation; Adaptations; Classification; Parks; Introduced species; Range management; Rangelands; classification; Climate; Conservation; landscaping; cultivars; Geographic information systems; introduced species; ecotypes; adaptability; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2111/1551-5028(2005)58[315:PAREAC]2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recovery of Chlorine-Exposed Escherichia coli in Estuarine Microcosms AN - 19939066; 6237686 AB - Laboratory microcosm experiments were performed to determine whether chlorine-exposed Escherichia coli are capable of recovery (i.e., increase in numbers of culturable cells) in estuarine waters and if so what water-quality parameters are responsible for this recovery. Suspensions of E. coli were exposed to 0.5 mg L super(-1) of chlorine for 5 min followed by dechlorination with sodium thiosulfate. The chlorine-exposed bacteria were introduced into 2-L microcosms containing estuarine water collected from the Seacost region of New Hampshire. Culturable cells in the microcosms were enumerated at 0, 10, 24, 48, and 74 h. In all estuarine microcosms the number of culturable cells increased by factors ranging from 2.8 to 50 over the 74-h incubation period. Multiple linear regression analyses indicated that ammonium and salinity were most significantly correlated with the recovery of E. coli over the 74-h incubation period; however, ammonium concentrations were strongly correlated with dissolved organic carbon and total dissolved nitrogen, making it impossible to determine with any degree of certainty the unique effect nitrogen or carbon had on recovery. The extensive recovery observed in our study indicates that following exposure to concentrations of chlorine that cause cell injury rather than death, numbers of culturable E. coli may increase significantly when discharged into estuarine waters. Thus, depending on the effectiveness of the chlorination process, the regular monitoring of chlorinated wastewater treatment effluent may underestimate the true impact on water-quality and public health risks. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Bolster, CH AU - Bromley, J M AU - Jones, SH AD - U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Bowling Green, Kentucky 42104, USA, cbolster@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/05/01/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 01 SP - 3083 EP - 3089 VL - 39 IS - 9 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Regression Analysis KW - water quality KW - Disinfection KW - Incubation KW - Chlorine KW - Water quality KW - Public health KW - Sewage disposal KW - Salinity KW - Escherichia coli KW - Microcosms KW - Ammonium compounds KW - Abiotic factors KW - Ammonium KW - Cell injury KW - Organic Carbon KW - Estuaries KW - Water Quality KW - Brackish KW - Effluents KW - Escherichia Coli KW - Wastewater Disposal KW - Monitoring KW - Nitrogen KW - Water Pollution Sources KW - Survival KW - Wastewater Pollution KW - Wastewater treatment KW - Public Health KW - Carbon KW - Salinity effects KW - Regression analysis KW - Brackishwater environment KW - Dissolved organic carbon KW - USA, New Hampshire KW - Bacteria KW - Dechlorination KW - Laboratory testing KW - Brackishwater pollution KW - sodium thiosulfate KW - Sodium KW - ANW, USA, New Hampshire KW - Chlorination KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - H 3000:Environment and Ecology KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality KW - A 01108:Other water systems KW - O 4060:Pollution - Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19939066?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Recovery+of+Chlorine-Exposed+Escherichia+coli+in+Estuarine+Microcosms&rft.au=Bolster%2C+CH%3BBromley%2C+J+M%3BJones%2C+SH&rft.aulast=Bolster&rft.aufirst=CH&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=3083&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fes048643s LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sewage disposal; Disinfection; Brackishwater pollution; Salinity effects; Brackishwater environment; Chlorination; Dissolved organic carbon; Water quality; Wastewater treatment; Abiotic factors; Public health; Ammonium compounds; Ammonium; Dechlorination; Cell injury; Chlorine; sodium thiosulfate; Effluents; Carbon; Regression analysis; Microcosms; Nitrogen; water quality; Bacteria; Laboratory testing; Estuaries; Sodium; Salinity; Regression Analysis; Water Pollution Sources; Organic Carbon; Water Quality; Incubation; Survival; Wastewater Pollution; Escherichia Coli; Public Health; Wastewater Disposal; Monitoring; Escherichia coli; ANW, USA, New Hampshire; USA, New Hampshire; Brackish DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es048643s ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Protecting Fish Through Vaccines AN - 19857404; 7292390 AB - Just as humans need vaccines to prevent dangerous diseases like polio and measles, fish too can benefit from vaccines against their own set of diseases. Several researchers at the ARS Aquatic Animal Health Research Unit in Auburn, Alabama-along with one from their laboratory in Chestertown, Maryland-are working mainly with catfish and to a lesser extent with tilapia, hybrid striped bass, and several other species of fish, to develop fish vaccines to protect against diseases. Many of the diseases kill the fish, which means less profit for the producer and higher prices for consumers. Over the last few years, the laboratory has either patented or applied for patents for several fish vaccines. "It takes about 2 to 4 years of research to get to the point where we can apply for a patent," explains microbiologist Craig A. Shoemaker. He's helped to develop several vaccines in Auburn. JF - Agricultural Research AU - Klesius, PH AU - Shoemaker, CA AU - Bader, JA AU - Evans, J J AD - USDA-ARS Aquatic Animal Health Research Unit, 990 Wire Rd., Auburn, AL 36832, USA, pklesius@msa-stoneville.ars.usda Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 10 VL - 53 IS - 5 SN - 0002-161X, 0002-161X KW - African mouthbrooders KW - Rockfish KW - Striped bass KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Marine KW - Aquatic animals KW - Measles KW - Resource conservation KW - Patents KW - Immunology KW - Disease control KW - Microbiologists KW - Freshwater KW - Tilapia KW - Freshwater fish KW - Marine fish KW - Morone saxatilis KW - Fish physiology KW - Hybrids KW - Consumers KW - Vaccines KW - USA, Maryland KW - A 01490:Miscellaneous KW - Q1 08484:Species interactions: parasites and diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19857404?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Entomology&rft.atitle=Tarnished+Plant+Bug+%28Heteroptera%3A+Miridae%29+Populations+near+Fields+After+Early+Season+Herbicide+Treatment&rft.au=Snodgrass%2C+G+L%3BScott%2C+W+P%3BAbel%2C+CA%3BRobbins%2C+J+T%3BGore%2C+J%3BHardee%2C+D+D&rft.aulast=Snodgrass&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=705&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Entomology&rft.issn=0046225X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1043%2F0046-225X%282005%290342.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fish; Aquatic animals; Resource conservation; Fish physiology; Hybrids; Immunology; Disease control; Microbiologists; Vaccines; Freshwater fish; Measles; Patents; Consumers; Morone saxatilis; Tilapia; USA, Maryland; Marine; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tillage and Nutrient Source Effects on Water Quality and Corn Grain Yield from a Flat Landscape AN - 19822590; 6495125 AB - Beneficial effects of leaving residue at the soil surface are well documented for steep lands, but not for flat lands that are drained with surface inlets and tile lines. This study quantified the effects of tillage and nutrient source on tile line and surface inlet water quality under continuous corn (Zea mays L.) from relatively flat lands (<3%). Tillage treatments were either fall chisel or moldboard plow. Nutrient sources were either fall injected liquid hog manure or spring incorporated urea. The experiment was on a Webster- Canisteo clay loam (Typic Endoaquolls) at Lamberton, MN. Surface inlet runoff was analyzed for flow, total solids, NO sub(3)-N, NH sub(4)-N, dissolved P, and total P. Tile line effluent was analyzed for flow, NO sub(3)-N, and NH sub(4)-N. In four years of rainstorm and snowmelt events there were few significant differences (p < 0.10) in water quality of surface inlet or tile drainage between treatments. Residue cover minimally reduced soil erosion during both snowmelt and rainfall runoff events. There was a slight reduction in mineral N losses via surface inlets from manure treatments. There was also a slight decrease (p = 0.025) in corn grain yield from chisel-plow plots (9.7 Mg ha super(-1)) compared with moldboard-plow plots (10.1 Mg ha super(-1)). Chisel plowing (approximately 30% residue cover) alone is not sufficient to reduce nonpoint source sediment pollution from these poorly drained flat lands to the extent (40% reduction) desired by regulatory agencies. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Thoma, David P AU - Gupta, Satish C AU - Strock, Jeffrey S AU - Moncrief, John F AD - USDA-ARS Southwest Watershed Research Center, 2000 East Allen Road, Tucson, AZ 85719, dthoma@tucson.ars.ag.gov Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 1102 EP - 1111 PB - American Society of Agronomy Inc., 677 S. Segoe Road Madison WI 53711 USA, [mailto:lhendrickson@agronomy.org] VL - 34 IS - 3 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - maize KW - Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Manure KW - Rainfall KW - Nutrients KW - Water quality KW - Crop Yield KW - Zea mays KW - Corn KW - Soils KW - Environmental effects KW - Coastal inlets KW - Sediment pollution KW - Animal wastes KW - Residues KW - Inlets KW - Tiles KW - Drainage KW - Water Quality KW - Nonpoint Pollution Sources KW - Effluents KW - Tillage KW - Snowmelt KW - Environmental quality KW - Governments KW - Runoff KW - AQ 00007:Industrial Effluents KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19822590?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Tillage+and+Nutrient+Source+Effects+on+Water+Quality+and+Corn+Grain+Yield+from+a+Flat+Landscape&rft.au=Thoma%2C+David+P%3BGupta%2C+Satish+C%3BStrock%2C+Jeffrey+S%3BMoncrief%2C+John+F&rft.aulast=Thoma&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1102&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fjeq2004.0200 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sediment pollution; Manure; Soils; Environmental effects; Governments; Coastal inlets; Effluents; Water quality; Runoff; Animal wastes; Residues; Rainfall; Drainage; Snowmelt; Environmental quality; Nutrients; Inlets; Tillage; Tiles; Corn; Nonpoint Pollution Sources; Water Quality; Crop Yield; Zea mays DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2004.0200 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular and Biochemical Characterization of the Selenocysteine Se-Methyltransferase Gene and Se-Methylselenocysteine Synthesis in Broccoli AN - 19766455; 6276604 AB - Selenium (Se) plays an indispensable role in human nutrition and has been implicated to have important health benefits, including being a cancer preventative agent. While different forms of Se vary in their anticarcinogenic efficacy, Se-methylselenocysteine (SeMSC) has been demonstrated to be one of the most effective chemopreventative compounds. Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) is known for its ability to accumulate high levels of Se with the majority of the selenoamino acids in the form of Se-methylselenocysteine. Therefore, it serves as a good model to study the regulation of SeMSC accumulation in plants. A cDNA encoding selenocysteine Se-methyltransferase, the key enzyme responsible for SeMSC formation, was cloned from broccoli using a homocysteine S-methyltransferase gene probe from Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). This clone, designated as BoSMT, was functionally expressed in Escherichia coli, and its identity was confirmed by its substrate specificity in the methylation of selenocysteine. The BoSMT gene represents a single copy sequence in the broccoli genome. Examination of BoSMT gene expression and SeMSC accumulation in response to selenate, selenite, and sulfate treatments showed that the BoSMT transcript and SeMSC synthesis were significantly up-regulated in plants exposed to selenate but were low in plants supplied with selenite. Simultaneous treatment of selenate with selenite significantly reduced SeMSC production. In addition, high levels of sulfate suppressed selenate uptake, resulting in a dramatic reduction of BoSMT mRNA level and SeMSC accumulation. Our results reveal that SeMSC accumulation closely correlated with the BoSMT gene expression and the total Se status in tissues and provide important information for maximizing the SeMSC production in this beneficial vegetable plant. JF - Plant Physiology AU - Lyi, Sangbom M AU - Heller, Laurence I AU - Rutzke, Michael AU - Welch, Ross M AU - Kochian, Leon V AU - Li, Li AD - United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service, Plant, Soil and Nutrition Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 409 EP - 420 PB - American Society of Plant Biologists, 15501 Monona Dr. Rockville MD 20855-2768 USA, [mailto:mjunior@aspp.org], [URL:http://www.aspb.org] VL - 138 IS - 1 SN - 0032-0889, 0032-0889 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Genomes KW - Vegetables KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - DNA probes KW - Selenocysteine KW - Enzymes KW - Substrate specificity KW - Transcription KW - selenite KW - Nutrition KW - Cancer KW - Homocysteine S-methyltransferase KW - Sulfate KW - Gene expression KW - Selenium KW - Arabidopsis thaliana KW - selenoamino acids KW - Escherichia coli KW - Brassica oleracea KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - J 02320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19766455?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Physiology&rft.atitle=Molecular+and+Biochemical+Characterization+of+the+Selenocysteine+Se-Methyltransferase+Gene+and+Se-Methylselenocysteine+Synthesis+in+Broccoli&rft.au=Lyi%2C+Sangbom+M%3BHeller%2C+Laurence+I%3BRutzke%2C+Michael%3BWelch%2C+Ross+M%3BKochian%2C+Leon+V%3BLi%2C+Li&rft.aulast=Lyi&rft.aufirst=Sangbom&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=138&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=409&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Physiology&rft.issn=00320889&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Vegetables; DNA probes; Nucleotide sequence; Selenocysteine; Transcription; Substrate specificity; Enzymes; selenite; Nutrition; Homocysteine S-methyltransferase; Cancer; Sulfate; Gene expression; Selenium; selenoamino acids; Arabidopsis thaliana; Escherichia coli; Brassica oleracea ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of quick tests for phosphorus determination in dairy manures AN - 19598584; 6150373 AB - Nutrients in animal manure are valuable inputs in agronomic crop production. Rapid and timely information about manure nutrient content are needed to minimize the risks of phosphorus (P) over-application and losses of dissolved P (DP) in runoff from fields treated with manure. We evaluated the suitability of a commercial hand-held reflectometer, a hydrometer, and an electrical conductivity (EC) meter for determining DP and total P (TP) in dairy manures. Bulk samples (n = 107) collected from farms across CT, MD, NY, PA, and VA were highly variable in total solids (TS) concentration, ranging from 11 to 213 g L super(-1), in suspensions' pH (6.3-9.2), and EC (6.2-53.3 dS m super(-1)). Manure DP concentrations measured using the RQFlex reflectometer (RQFlex-DP sub(s)) were related to molybdate-reactive P (MRP sub(s)) concentrations as follows: RQFlex- DP sub(s) = 0.471 x MRP sub(s) + 1102 (r super(2) = 0.29). Inclusion of pH and squared-pH terms improved the prediction of manure DP from RQFlex results (r super(2) = 0.66). Excluding five outlier samples that had pH [precedesorequalto] 6.9 the coefficient of determination (r super(2)) for the MRP sub(s) and RQFlex-DP sub(s) relationship was 0.83 for 95% of the samples. Manure TS were related to hydrometer specific gravity readings (r super(2) = 0.53) that were in turn related to TP (r super(2) = 0.34), but not to either RQFlex-DP or MRP. Relationships between suspensions' EC and DP or TP were non-significant. Therefore, the RQFlex method is the only viable option for on-site quick estimates of DP that can be made more robust when complemented with TS and pH measurements. The DP quick test can provide near real-time information on soluble manure nutrient content across a wide range of handling and storage conditions on dairy farms and quick estimates of potential soluble P losses in runoff following land applications of manure. JF - Environmental Pollution AU - Lugo-Ospina, A AU - Dao, TH AU - Van Kessel, JA AU - Reeves III, JB AD - Animal Manure and By-Products Laboratory, BARC East, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA, jreeves@anri.barc.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 155 EP - 162 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 135 IS - 1 SN - 0269-7491, 0269-7491 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Phosphorus determination KW - Electrical conductivity KW - Dissolved phosphorous KW - Dairy manures KW - Quick test KW - Reflectometer KW - Hydrometer KW - Agriculture KW - Animal wastes KW - Farms KW - Manure KW - Phosphorus KW - Nutrients KW - Measuring instruments KW - Land application KW - Crop production KW - Nutrient content KW - Dairies KW - Storage conditions KW - Language KW - pH effects KW - Pollution KW - Runoff KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT KW - X 24300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19598584?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Pollution&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+quick+tests+for+phosphorus+determination+in+dairy+manures&rft.au=Lugo-Ospina%2C+A%3BDao%2C+TH%3BVan+Kessel%2C+JA%3BReeves+III%2C+JB&rft.aulast=Lugo-Ospina&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=135&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=155&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Pollution&rft.issn=02697491&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.envpol.2004.09.007 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Manure; Farms; Phosphorus; Nutrients; Crop production; Nutrient content; Dairies; Electrical conductivity; Storage conditions; Language; pH effects; Runoff; Pollution; Agriculture; Animal wastes; Measuring instruments; Land application DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2004.09.007 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of Soil Compaction and Biomass Removal on Soil CO2 Efflux in a Missouri Forest AN - 19493380; 8610962 AB - Forest disturbances associated with harvesting activities can affect soil properties and soil respiration. A soda-lime technique was used to measure soil carbon dioxide (CO2) efflux rates in clearcut plots of a Missouri oak-hickory (Quercus spp. L.-Carya spp. Nutt.) forest 4 years after being treated with two levels of forest biomass removal and two levels of compaction, both separate and in combinations, and an uncut control. Respiration rates were measured twice a month from mid-April through October. Soil CO2 efflux rates were significantly (p<0.001) higher in uncut control plots than in clearcut plots, but differences between biomass removal or soil compaction treatments were not significant. Soil CO2 efflux rates were positively correlated with soil temperature. The lack of difference between soil CO2 efflux rates in weed control and no weed control subplots suggests that several more years may be required for regenerating clearcut plots to produce soil respiration rates similar to those in uncut control plots. JF - Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis AU - Ponder Jr, Felix AD - USDA Forest Service, North Central Research Station, Lincoln University, Jefferson City, Missouri, USA Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 1301 EP - 1311 PB - Taylor & Francis, 11 New Fetter Lane London EC4P 4EE UK, [mailto:info@tandf.co.uk], [URL:http://www.tandf.co.uk] VL - 36 IS - 9-10 SN - 0010-3624, 0010-3624 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Respiration KW - Soil properties KW - Quercus KW - Forests KW - Soil compaction KW - Soil temperature KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Biomass KW - Compaction KW - Weed control KW - Harvesting KW - W 30945:Fermentation & Cell Culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19493380?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Communications+in+Soil+Science+and+Plant+Analysis&rft.atitle=Effect+of+Soil+Compaction+and+Biomass+Removal+on+Soil+CO2+Efflux+in+a+Missouri+Forest&rft.au=Ponder+Jr%2C+Felix&rft.aulast=Ponder+Jr&rft.aufirst=Felix&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=9-10&rft.spage=1301&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Communications+in+Soil+Science+and+Plant+Analysis&rft.issn=00103624&rft_id=info:doi/10.1081%2FCSS-200056935 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Respiration; Soil properties; Soil temperature; Soil compaction; Forests; Biomass; Carbon dioxide; Compaction; Harvesting; Weed control; Quercus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/CSS-200056935 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - tir- and stx-Positive Escherichia coli in Stream Waters in a Metropolitan Area AN - 19411835; 6268567 AB - Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli, which may include the enteropathogenic E. coli and the enterohemorrhagic E. coli, are a significant cause of diarrheal disease among infants and children in both developing and developed areas. Disease outbreaks related to freshwater exposure have been documented, but the presence of these organisms in the urban aquatic environment is not well characterized. From April 2002 through April 2004 we conducted weekly surveys of streams in the metropolitan Baltimore, Md., area for the prevalence of potentially pathogenic E. coli by using PCR assays targeting the tir and stx sub(1) and stx sub(2) genes. Coliforms testing positive for the presence of the tir gene were cultured from 653 of 1,218 samples (53%), with a greater prevalence associated with urban, polluted streams than in suburban and forested watershed streams. Polluted urban streams were also more likely to test positive for the presence of one of the stx genes. Sequence analysis of the tir amplicon, as well as the entire tir gene from three isolates, indicated that the pathogenic E. coli present in the stream waters has a high degree of sequence homology with the E. coli O157:H7 serotype. Our data indicate that pathogenic E. coli are continually deposited into a variety of stream habitats and suggest that this organism may be a permanent member of the gastrointestinal microflora of humans and animals in the metropolitan Baltimore area. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Higgins, James A AU - Belt, Kenneth T AU - Karns, Jeffrey S AU - Russell-Anelli, Jonathan AU - Shelton, Daniel R AD - USDA-ARS, Bldg. 173, 10300 Baltimore Blvd., Beltsville, Maryland Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 2511 EP - 2519 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 71 IS - 5 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Serotypes KW - Pollution effects KW - Environmental health KW - USA, Maryland, Baltimore KW - Watersheds KW - Streams KW - Varieties KW - Escherichia coli KW - Assay KW - Water-borne diseases KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Stream Pollution KW - Diseases KW - Bacteria (Enterobacteriaceae) (Escherichia) KW - Testing Procedures KW - Coliforms KW - Diarrhea KW - Freshwater environments KW - tir gene KW - Children KW - Pest outbreaks KW - Habitat KW - Water pollution KW - Aquatic environment KW - Aquatic Habitats KW - Microflora KW - Outbreaks KW - Gastrointestinal tract KW - Developing countries KW - Infants KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes KW - J 02905:Water KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19411835?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=tir-+and+stx-Positive+Escherichia+coli+in+Stream+Waters+in+a+Metropolitan+Area&rft.au=Higgins%2C+James+A%3BBelt%2C+Kenneth+T%3BKarns%2C+Jeffrey+S%3BRussell-Anelli%2C+Jonathan%3BShelton%2C+Daniel+R&rft.aulast=Higgins&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=71&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2511&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Coliforms; Diarrhea; Serotypes; Freshwater environments; tir gene; Habitat; Watersheds; Pest outbreaks; Children; Streams; Aquatic environment; Microflora; Polymerase chain reaction; Gastrointestinal tract; Infants; Water-borne diseases; Environmental health; Pollution effects; Outbreaks; Developing countries; Water pollution; Testing Procedures; Bacteria (Enterobacteriaceae) (Escherichia); Aquatic Habitats; Varieties; Assay; Escherichia coli; Stream Pollution; Diseases; USA, Maryland, Baltimore ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development in the Upper Mississippi Basin: 10 years after the Great Flood of 1993 AN - 19408571; 6214373 AB - Flooding in the Upper Mississippi River Basin during the summer of 1993 caused between US$ 12 and 16 billion worth of damage. Since 1993, millions of dollars of new development have poured into the flood-impacted areas contrary to the recommendations of Interagency Floodplain Management Review Committee, among others. Tracking development has been difficult. A diverse set of regulations and land use controls have caused varying amounts of development in the Upper Mississippi River Basin, with Missouri leading the way with over 17.31 km super(2) of new development. This study documents the changes in the basin affected by the 1993 floods 10 years after the event by conducting an analysis to identify new development within the 500-year floodplain and in the floodwater inundated areas. This study used Landsat satellite data to identify areas experiencing development. JF - Landscape and Urban Planning AU - Hipple, J D AU - Drazkowski, B AU - Thorsell, P M AD - Department of Resource Analysis, Saint Mary's University of Minnesota; Twin Cities Campus, Minneapolis, MN 55404, USA, james.hipple@rma.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 313 EP - 323 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl] VL - 72 IS - 4 SN - 0169-2046, 0169-2046 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Mississippi River KW - Flooding KW - Development KW - Land use policy KW - Growth management KW - Remote Sensing KW - River Basins KW - Resource management KW - Regulated Rivers KW - Floods KW - USA, Missouri KW - Floodwater KW - Urban Planning KW - Flood Basins KW - River basins KW - USA, Mississippi R. basin KW - Satellites KW - Land use KW - Tracking KW - Flood Plains KW - USA KW - Landsat KW - Flood plains KW - Reviews KW - SW 2060:Effects on water of human nonwater activities KW - D 04890:Planning/development KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19408571?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Landscape+and+Urban+Planning&rft.atitle=Development+in+the+Upper+Mississippi+Basin%3A+10+years+after+the+Great+Flood+of+1993&rft.au=Hipple%2C+J+D%3BDrazkowski%2C+B%3BThorsell%2C+P+M&rft.aulast=Hipple&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=313&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Landscape+and+Urban+Planning&rft.issn=01692046&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.landurbplan.2004.03.012 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Resource management; Flood plains; Floods; Flooding; River basins; Tracking; Land use; Landsat; Reviews; Development; Satellites; Remote Sensing; Flood Plains; Urban Planning; River Basins; Regulated Rivers; Flood Basins; Floodwater; USA; USA, Missouri; USA, Mississippi R. basin DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2004.03.012 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Herbaceous Response to Cattle Grazing Following Juniper Cutting in Oregon AN - 19340948; 8697862 AB - The rapid expansion of western juniper (Juniperus occidentalis spp. occidentalis Hook.) across the northern Great Basin has diminished shrub and understory plant composition and reduced forage production. Juniper removal has accelerated during the past decade in Oregon and California to restore shrub-steppe plant communities. Livestock grazing can affect posttreatment successional dynamics, but these impacts have not received adequate study. This study evaluated herbaceous plant recovery in a cut western juniper woodland subjected to grazed and ungrazed prescriptions over 4 growing seasons. The study consisted of 4 treatments: ungrazed cut, grazed cut, ungrazed woodland, and grazed woodland. Stocking rates were 0.78 cow-calf pairs per ha for 5 days in the first year following treatment and 0.94 cow-calf pairs per ha for 4 days in the second year after treatment. The grazing portion of the study lacked true replication because grazed plots were not independent of each other (cattle had access to all plots simultaneously). This limits the strength and interpretation of the grazing results. Juniper cutting removed overstory interference and resulted in significant increases in herbaceous cover, biomass, and seed production when compared to adjacent woodlands. Herbaceous cover, standing crop, perennial grass density, and seed production all increased in the ungrazed cut treatment compared to ungrazed woodland. A similar level of response was measured in the grazed pasture where herbaceous responses were greater in the grazed cut vs. the grazed woodland. Grazing in the cut treatment did not limit herbaceous recovery except that perennial grass seed production was lower in the grazed cut than in the ungrazed cut. Rest or deferment is required the first several growing seasons after juniper cutting to provide plants the opportunity to maximize seed crops. These results imply that juniper cutting had a greater effect on herbaceous dynamics than did the grazing application. JF - Rangeland Ecology & Management AU - Bates, Jon D AD - Rangeland Scientist, US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Eastern Oregon Agricultural Research Center, 67826-A Hwy 205, Burns, OR 97720, jon.bates@oregonstate.edu Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 225 EP - 233 PB - Allen Press, Inc., 810 East Tenth St. VL - 58 IS - 3 SN - 1550-7424, 1550-7424 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - bluebunch wheatgrass KW - Great Basin KW - Juniperus occidentalis KW - seed production KW - Stipa thurberiana KW - utilization KW - Shrubs KW - Rangelands KW - Seeds KW - Grazing KW - Grasses KW - Replication KW - Basins KW - Pasture KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19340948?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rangeland+Ecology+%26+Management&rft.atitle=Herbaceous+Response+to+Cattle+Grazing+Following+Juniper+Cutting+in+Oregon&rft.au=Bates%2C+Jon+D&rft.aulast=Bates&rft.aufirst=Jon&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=225&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Rangeland+Ecology+%26+Management&rft.issn=15507424&rft_id=info:doi/10.2111%2F1551-5028%282005%29582.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Shrubs; Rangelands; Seeds; Replication; Grasses; Grazing; Basins; Pasture; Juniperus occidentalis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2111/1551-5028(2005)58[225:HRTCGF]2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cattle and Salmon II: Interactions Between Cattle and Spawning Spring Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in a Northeastern Oregon Riparian Ecosystem AN - 19340371; 8697868 AB - The study addressed the interaction between cattle and spawning spring chinook salmon late in the summer, when it is common for cattle to be present in pastures that have streams where spawning occurs. We addressed the occurrence of spawning in the study area and 2 potential impacts of cattle behavior during chinook salmon spawning: 1) disruption of spawning behavior by the presence of cattle near the redd and 2) the frequency of actual cattle contact with redds. Frequency of salmon redds was not significantly different in the stream reaches accessible to cattle compared with excluded reaches. Salmon continued preexisting patterns of behavior while cattle were within visible range of a redd. Cattle were seldom close to a redd and the chance for direct interaction to occur was minimal. When cattle were visibly near the active redd, cattle remained greater than 3.0 m from the active redd 84% of the time. Of the total time redds were observed, cattle contacted the redds <0.01% of the time. Previous studies have shown salmon that are harassed during spawning can retain eggs and even go completely unspawned. All salmon fully spawned in the study area in both years of the study. JF - Rangeland Ecology & Management AU - Ballard, Teena M AU - Krueger, William C AD - Hydrologist, USDA Forest Service, La Grande Ranger District, 3502 Hwy 30, La Grande, OR 97850 Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 274 EP - 278 PB - Allen Press, Inc., 810 East Tenth St. VL - 58 IS - 3 SN - 1550-7424, 1550-7424 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - salmon redd KW - environmental impact KW - endangered species KW - behavior KW - Rangelands KW - Spawning behavior KW - Spawning KW - Oncorhynchus tshawytscha KW - Streams KW - Pasture KW - Eggs KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19340371?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rangeland+Ecology+%26+Management&rft.atitle=Cattle+and+Salmon+II%3A+Interactions+Between+Cattle+and+Spawning+Spring+Chinook+Salmon+%28Oncorhynchus+tshawytscha%29+in+a+Northeastern+Oregon+Riparian+Ecosystem&rft.au=Ballard%2C+Teena+M%3BKrueger%2C+William+C&rft.aulast=Ballard&rft.aufirst=Teena&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=274&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Rangeland+Ecology+%26+Management&rft.issn=15507424&rft_id=info:doi/10.2111%2F1551-5028%282005%29582.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rangelands; Spawning behavior; Spawning; Pasture; Streams; Eggs; Oncorhynchus tshawytscha DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2111/1551-5028(2005)58[274:CASIIB]2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of GPFARM for Simulation of Forage Production and Cow-Calf Weights AN - 19337948; 8697865 JF - Rangeland Ecology & Management AU - Andales, Allan A AU - Derner, Justin D AU - Bartling, Patricia NS AU - Ahuja, Lajpat R AU - Dunn, Gale H AU - Hart, Richard H AU - Hanson, Jon D AD - Soil Scientists, Great Plains Systems Research Unit, 2150 Centre Ave, Bldg D, Suite 200, Fort Collins, CO 80526, allan.andales@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 247 EP - 255 PB - Allen Press, Inc., 810 East Tenth St. VL - 58 IS - 3 SN - 1550-7424, 1550-7424 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - central Great Plains KW - simulation model KW - northern mixed-grass prairie KW - shortgrass prairie KW - cow-calf production KW - Rangelands KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19337948?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rangeland+Ecology+%26+Management&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+GPFARM+for+Simulation+of+Forage+Production+and+Cow-Calf+Weights&rft.au=Andales%2C+Allan+A%3BDerner%2C+Justin+D%3BBartling%2C+Patricia+NS%3BAhuja%2C+Lajpat+R%3BDunn%2C+Gale+H%3BHart%2C+Richard+H%3BHanson%2C+Jon+D&rft.aulast=Andales&rft.aufirst=Allan&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=247&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Rangeland+Ecology+%26+Management&rft.issn=15507424&rft_id=info:doi/10.2111%2F1551-5028%282005%29582.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rangelands DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2111/1551-5028(2005)58[247:EOGFSO]2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of Drinking Water Treatment Residue on Phosphorus in Runoff from Poultry Litter AN - 19320058; 8610959 AB - The application of pultry litter to cropland is based on the nitrogen needs of the crop, and such practice has resulted in excess buildup of soil phosphorus (P). Water-extractable phosphorus (WEP) concentrations in runoff from these fields are above the EPA drinking water limit of 0.1mgkg-1. Runoff studies have been conducted on poultry litter-amended soils to determine the effect of aluminum (Al) on WEP and iron oxide-adsorbable phosphorus (FeO-P). The drinking water treatment residue (DWTR) used in this experiment is an Al-rich-byproduct that is produced during drinking water purification. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of DWTR to reduce WEP and FeO-P concentrations in runoff from poultry litter by using a laboratory rainfall simulator. Poultry litter was collected from three poultry farms on Maryland Eastern Shore, air dried and crushed to less than 2mm, treated with DWTR at rates of 0, 50, and 100gkg-1 (dry weight basis), and incubated for 2 weeks at 25DGC. Water-extractable P and FeO-P in the runoff decreased with increase DWTR application. The total P released in runoff from the 50 and 100gkg-1 DWTR treatments were 79% and 91% lower than the no-DWTR treatment, respectively. There was a strong correlation between WEP and FeO-P in the runoff samples. The results of this study demonstrated that the addition of DWTR to poultry litter effectively reduced phosphorus in runoff. JF - Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis AU - Codling, Eton E AU - Isensee, Allan R AD - USDA-ARS, Animal Manure and By-Products Laboratory, Beltsville, USA Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 1263 EP - 1275 PB - Taylor & Francis, 11 New Fetter Lane London EC4P 4EE UK, [mailto:info@tandf.co.uk], [URL:http://www.tandf.co.uk] VL - 36 IS - 9-10 SN - 0010-3624, 0010-3624 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Litter KW - Poultry KW - Drinking Water KW - Rainfall Simulators KW - Phosphorus KW - Shores KW - Water Treatment KW - USA, Maryland KW - Runoff KW - Nitrogen KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19320058?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Communications+in+Soil+Science+and+Plant+Analysis&rft.atitle=Effects+of+Drinking+Water+Treatment+Residue+on+Phosphorus+in+Runoff+from+Poultry+Litter&rft.au=Codling%2C+Eton+E%3BIsensee%2C+Allan+R&rft.aulast=Codling&rft.aufirst=Eton&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=9-10&rft.spage=1263&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Communications+in+Soil+Science+and+Plant+Analysis&rft.issn=00103624&rft_id=info:doi/10.1081%2FCSS-200056922 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Runoff; Poultry; Litter; Phosphorus; Drinking Water; Water Treatment; Rainfall Simulators; Shores; Nitrogen; USA, Maryland DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/CSS-200056922 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Production of Rhamnolipids by Pseudomonas chlororaphis, a Nonpathogenic Bacterium AN - 17874381; 6268539 AB - Rhamnolipids, naturally occurring biosurfactants constructed of rhamnose sugar molecules and beta -hydroxyalkanoic acids, have a wide range of potential commercial applications. In the course of a survey of 33 different bacterial isolates, we have identified, using a phenotypic assay for rhamnolipid production, a strain of the nonpathogenic bacterial species Pseudomonas chlororaphis that is capable of producing rhamnolipids. Rhamnolipid production by P. chlororaphis was achieved by growth at room temperature in static cultures of a mineral salts medium containing 2% glucose. We obtained yields of roughly 1 g/liter of rhamnolipids, an amount comparable to the production levels reported in Pseudomonas aeruginosa grown with glucose as the carbon source. The rhamnolipids produced by P. chlororaphis appear to be exclusively the mono-rhamnolipid form. The most prevalent molecular species had one monounsaturated hydroxy fatty acid of 12 carbons and one saturated hydroxy fatty acid of 10 carbons. P. chlororaphis, a nonpathogenic saprophyte of the soil, is currently employed as a biocontrol agent against certain types of plant fungal diseases. The pathogenic nature of all bacteria previously known to produce rhamnolipids has been a major obstacle to commercial production of rhamnolipids. The use of P. chlororaphis therefore greatly simplifies this matter by removing the need for containment systems and stringent separation processes in the production of rhamnolipids. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Gunther, Nereus W, IV AU - Nunez, Alberto AU - Fett, William AU - Solaiman, Daniel KY AD - Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Wyndmoor, Pennsylvania 19038 Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 2288 EP - 2293 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 71 IS - 5 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Biological control KW - Temperature effects KW - Plant diseases KW - rhamnolipids KW - Glucose KW - biosurfactants KW - Carbon sources KW - Soil KW - Pseudomonas chlororaphis KW - Fatty acids KW - Pseudomonas aeruginosa KW - Saprophytes KW - Minerals KW - Rhamnose KW - A 01014:Others KW - J 02731:Lipids UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17874381?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Production+of+Rhamnolipids+by+Pseudomonas+chlororaphis%2C+a+Nonpathogenic+Bacterium&rft.au=Gunther%2C+Nereus+W%2C+IV%3BNunez%2C+Alberto%3BFett%2C+William%3BSolaiman%2C+Daniel+KY&rft.aulast=Gunther&rft.aufirst=Nereus&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=71&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2288&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Soil; Biological control; Plant diseases; rhamnolipids; Glucose; Fatty acids; biosurfactants; Carbon sources; Saprophytes; Minerals; Rhamnose; Pseudomonas chlororaphis; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ER - TY - JOUR T1 - beta -1,3-Glucanase Activity in Peanut Seed (Arachis hypogaea) is Induced by Inoculation with Aspergillus flavus and Copurifies with a Conglutin-Like Protein AN - 17869089; 6257626 AB - Infection of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) seed by Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus is a serious problem that can result in aflatoxin contamination in the seed. Breeding resistant cultivars would be an effective approach to reduce aflatoxin accumulation. The objective of this study was to investigate the expression of the pathogenesis-related (PR) protein beta -1,3-glucanase and the isoform patterns in peanut seed inoculated with A. flavus. Peanut genotypes GT-YY9 and GT-YY20 (both resistant to A. flavus infection) and Georgia Green and A 100 (both susceptible to A. flavus infection) were used in this study. The activities of beta -l,3-glucanase were similar in the uninfected seed of all genotypes, but increased significantly in the resistant genotypes after inoculation in comparison with the susceptible genotypes. An in-gel (native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis [PAGE]) enzymatic activity assay of beta -1,3-glucanase revealed that there were more protein bands corresponding to beta -1,3-glucanase isoforms in the infected seed of resistant genotypes than in the infected seed of susceptible genotypes. Both acidic and basic beta -1,3-glucanase isoforms were detected in the isoelectric focusing gels. Thin-layer chromatography analysis of the hydrolytic products from the reaction mixtures of the substrate with the total protein extract or individual band of native PAGE revealed the presence of enzymatic hydrolytic oligomer products. The individual bands corresponding to the bands of beta -1,3-glucanase isoforms Glu 1 to 5 were separated on the sodium dodecyl sulfate-PAGE, resulting in two bands of 10 and 13 kDa, respectively. The sequences of fragments of the 13-kDa major protein band showed a high degree of homology to conglutin, a storage protein in peanut seed. Conglutin is reported as a peanut allergen, Ara h2. Our data provide the first evidences for peanut having beta -1,3-glucanase activities and the association with the resistance to A. flavus colonization in peanut seed. We have not directly demonstrated that conglutin has beta -1,3-glucanase activity. JF - Phytopathology AU - Liang, X Q AU - Holbrook, C C AU - Lynch, R E AU - Guo, B Z AD - U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Crop protection and Management Research Unit, Tifton, GA 31793, USA, bguo@tifton.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 506 EP - 511 VL - 95 IS - 5 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - conglutin KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Arachis hypogaea KW - Seeds KW - Aspergillus flavus KW - Contamination KW - Aflatoxins KW - Nuts KW - Endo-1,3(4)- beta -glucanase KW - Isoelectric focusing KW - Genotypes KW - storage proteins KW - Gel electrophoresis KW - Colonization KW - Homology KW - Breeding KW - Allergens KW - Inoculation KW - Thin-layer chromatography KW - Enzymatic activity KW - A 01024:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17869089?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=beta+-1%2C3-Glucanase+Activity+in+Peanut+Seed+%28Arachis+hypogaea%29+is+Induced+by+Inoculation+with+Aspergillus+flavus+and+Copurifies+with+a+Conglutin-Like+Protein&rft.au=Liang%2C+X+Q%3BHolbrook%2C+C+C%3BLynch%2C+R+E%3BGuo%2C+B+Z&rft.aulast=Liang&rft.aufirst=X&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=95&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=506&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPHYTO-95-0506 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Seeds; Contamination; Aflatoxins; Endo-1,3(4)- beta -glucanase; Nuts; storage proteins; Genotypes; Isoelectric focusing; Gel electrophoresis; Colonization; Breeding; Homology; Allergens; Inoculation; Enzymatic activity; Thin-layer chromatography; Arachis hypogaea; Aspergillus flavus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-95-0506 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genotyping Common Bean for the Potyvirus Resistance Alleles I and bc-1 super(2) with a Multiplex Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay AN - 17863811; 6257625 AB - A multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was developed to simultaneously genotype plants for the I and bc-1 super(2) alleles, which condition resistance in beans to Bean common mosaic virus and Bean common mosaic necrosis virus. A segregating F sub(2) population was derived from the cross between pinto bean breeding line P94207-189A (bc-1 bc-1 I I) and Olathe (bc-1 super(2) bc-1 super(2) i i). Real-time PCR assays were developed that were specific for each allele, and a multiplex PCR reaction could unambiguously assign F sub(2) plants to one of nine genotypes. Remnant F sub(1) plants were used as a comparative reference sample. PCR results among this sample fit a normal distribution for both real-time PCR assays, and 99% probability distributions were determined for heterozygotes. F sub(2) plants were genotyped based on results relative to the probability distributions for heterozygotes. F sub(2) plants also were genotyped for the I and bc-1 super(2) alleles by performing F sub(3) family progeny tests for virus resistance. Agreement between the two methods was 100% (198/198) for the bc-1 super(2) allele, and 92.4% (183/198) for the I allele. Erroneous genotyping was due to recombination between the amplicon and the I allele. Real-time PCR assays provide a robust method for genotyping seedlings and, in some cases, may eliminate the need for progeny testing. JF - Phytopathology AU - Vandemark, G J AU - Miklas, P N AD - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Vegetable and Forage Crop Production Unit, Prosser, WA 99350, USA, gvandemark@pars.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 499 EP - 505 VL - 95 IS - 5 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - Bean common mosaic virus KW - Disease resistance KW - Genotypes KW - Recombination KW - Necrosis KW - Breeding KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Potyvirus KW - Genotyping KW - Beans KW - Heterozygotes KW - Plant viruses KW - Genetic crosses KW - Bean common mosaic necrosis virus KW - V 22182:Susceptibility & virus multiplication KW - A 01114:Viruses UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17863811?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Genotyping+Common+Bean+for+the+Potyvirus+Resistance+Alleles+I+and+bc-1+super%282%29+with+a+Multiplex+Real-Time+Polymerase+Chain+Reaction+Assay&rft.au=Vandemark%2C+G+J%3BMiklas%2C+P+N&rft.aulast=Vandemark&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=95&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=499&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPHYTO-95-0499 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Potyvirus; Bean common mosaic virus; Bean common mosaic necrosis virus; Polymerase chain reaction; Beans; Genotyping; Genetic crosses; Heterozygotes; Plant viruses; Genotypes; Breeding; Recombination; Disease resistance; Necrosis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-95-0499 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tomato spotted wilt virus Identified in Desert Rose in Florida AN - 17844756; 6237657 AB - Desert rose (Adenium obesum (Forssk.) Roem. & Schult), a member of the family Apocynaceae, is characterized by fleshy stems and leaves and colorful flowers. This exotic ornamental, originally from southeast Africa, is propagated vegetatively and is a perennial in warm climates. Virus-like foliar symptoms, including chlorotic ring and line patterns, were observed in the fall of 2004 on one of five stock plants being maintained in a greenhouse in Fort Pierce, FL. Inclusion body morphology suggested the presence of a Tospovirus in the symptomatic plant, and Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) was specifically identified in this plant using a commercially available double antibody sandwich-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA; Agdia, Elkhart, IN). TSWV was not detected in symptomless desert rose plants nor was Impatiens necrotic spot virus detected in any of the plants using DAS-ELISA. Graft transmission of TSWV to other desert rose plants was successful. Sequence analysis of a nucleocapsid (N) protein gene fragment amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with primers TSWV723 and TSWV722 from total RNA of the symptomatic plant confirmed the diagnosis. Nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of a 579-bp region of the RT-PCR product were 95 to 99% and 95 to 100% identical, respectively, to TSWV N-gene sequences in GenBank. No product was amplified from symptomless plants. Since these 3-year-old plants were grown on-site from seed and only expressed symptoms 2 months following damage to the greenhouse by hurricanes Frances and Jeanne, it is likely that viruliferous thrips were introduced from local vegetable or ornamental production areas during or following the storms. To our knowledge, this is the first report of TSWV infection of desert rose in Florida, although TSWV was observed in this plant in Europe approximately 10 years ago. Because of the wide distribution of TSWV in the United States, the increasing popularity of desert rose, and the recent identification of Cucumber mosaic virus in this host, attention to sanitation and insect vector management is merited during desert rose propagation and production. JF - Plant Disease AU - Adkins, S AU - Baker, CA AD - USDA-ARS-USHRL, Fort Pierce, FL 34945, USA Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 526 VL - 89 IS - 5 SN - 0191-2917, 0191-2917 KW - Dogbanes KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - Tomato spotted wilt virus KW - Vegetables KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Infection KW - Impatiens necrotic spot virus KW - Immunosorbents KW - Apocynaceae KW - Sanitation KW - Nucleocapsids KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Cucumber mosaic virus KW - Tospovirus KW - Leaves KW - Vectors KW - Stems KW - Greenhouses KW - Hurricanes KW - Antibodies KW - RNA KW - Deserts KW - Inclusion bodies KW - Primers KW - Plant viruses KW - Propagation KW - Wilt KW - A 01028:Others KW - V 22181:Detection UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17844756?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Disease&rft.atitle=Tomato+spotted+wilt+virus+Identified+in+Desert+Rose+in+Florida&rft.au=Adkins%2C+S%3BBaker%2C+CA&rft.aulast=Adkins&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=89&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=526&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Disease&rft.issn=01912917&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPD-89-0526C LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Vegetables; Nucleotide sequence; Leaves; Vectors; Infection; Stems; Immunosorbents; Greenhouses; Hurricanes; Antibodies; Sanitation; RNA; Deserts; Nucleocapsids; Polymerase chain reaction; Inclusion bodies; Primers; Plant viruses; Wilt; Propagation; Cucumber mosaic virus; Apocynaceae; Tomato spotted wilt virus; Tospovirus; Impatiens necrotic spot virus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PD-89-0526C ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental Bin Drenching System for Testing Biocontrol Agents to Control Postharvest Decay of Apples AN - 17844242; 6237649 AB - A portable drencher capable of drenching a single bin of fruit was built to simulate the commercial application of chemicals to harvested apples in small orchard operations in the central and eastern United States. The drencher required as little as 125 liters of the treatment solution and permitted various bin travel speeds. Wounded apples were placed midway between the bottom and top of the bin, in the center, and near the four corners of the bin (20 fruit per location) and covered with enough unwounded apples to fill the bin. The bins were drenched with a suspension containing Penicillium expansum at 2 x 10 super(4) conidia per ml in 2000, 5 x 10 super(3) conidia per ml in 2001, and 3 x 10 super(3) conidia per ml in 2002 and 2003. In 2000 and 2003, the additional treatments included a combination of P. expansum with the yeast Metschnikowia pulcherrima at similar to 1.2 x 10 super(7) CFU/ml, and in 2003 a combination with 2% sodium bicarbonate (SB) or a mixture of the yeast and SB. After 3 months of storage at similar to 2 degree C, at all P. expansum conidial concentrations, more than 90% of wounded fruit developed decay on `Golden Delicious', `Delicious', and `Rome' apples in the 2000-02 experiments. In 2003, 66 and 33.1% of the wounded fruit developed decay on `Delicious' and `Golden Delicious', respectively. The application of the antagonist reduced decay to 39 and 3.3% on `Golden Delicious' in 2000 and 2003, respectively, and to 26% on `Delicious' in 2003. The addition of SB reduced decay on both cultivars and, in combination with the yeast, was the most effective treatment on `Golden Delicious'. This portable drencher can be very useful for evaluating different treatments applied to apples after harvest at the commercial level. JF - Plant Disease AU - Janisiewicz, W J AU - Peterson, D L AU - Yoder, K S AU - Miller, S S AD - USDA-ARS, AFRS, Kearneysville, WV, USA, wjanisie@afrs.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 487 EP - 490 VL - 89 IS - 5 SN - 0191-2917, 0191-2917 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Biological control KW - Travel KW - Metschnikowia pulcherrima KW - Fruits KW - Plant diseases KW - Colony-forming cells KW - Conidia KW - Decay KW - Orchards KW - Sodium bicarbonate KW - Penicillium expansum KW - A 01029:Post-harvest decay UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17844242?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Disease&rft.atitle=Experimental+Bin+Drenching+System+for+Testing+Biocontrol+Agents+to+Control+Postharvest+Decay+of+Apples&rft.au=Janisiewicz%2C+W+J%3BPeterson%2C+D+L%3BYoder%2C+K+S%3BMiller%2C+S+S&rft.aulast=Janisiewicz&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=89&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=487&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Disease&rft.issn=01912917&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPD-89-0487 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Travel; Biological control; Fruits; Plant diseases; Colony-forming cells; Conidia; Decay; Sodium bicarbonate; Orchards; Metschnikowia pulcherrima; Penicillium expansum DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PD-89-0487 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Occurrence of Resistance-Breaking Beet necrotic yellow vein virus of Sugar Beet AN - 17843513; 6237645 AB - Rhizomania is an important virus disease of sugar beet and is caused by Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV). During 2002-03, several sugar beet fields with cultivars partially resistant to BNYVV grown in the Imperial Valley of California were observed with severe rhizomania symptoms, suggesting that resistance conditioned by Rz1 had been compromised. Soil testing with sugar beet baiting plants followed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to diagnose virus infection. Resistant varieties grown in BNYVV-infested soil from Salinas, CA, were ELISA-negative. In contrast, when grown in BNYVV-infested soil collected from the Imperial Valley, CA, all resistant varieties became infected and tested positive by ELISA. Based on host reaction, eight distinct BNYVV isolates have been identified from Imperial Valley soil (IV-BNYVV) by single local lesion isolation. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays showed that the eight IV-BNYVV isolates did not contain RNA-5. Single-strand conformation polymorphism banding patterns for the IV-BNYVV isolates were identical to A-type and different from P-type. Sequence alignments of PCR products from BNYVV RNA-1 near the 3' end of IV-BNYVV isolates revealed that both IV-BNYVV and Salinas BNYVV isolates were similar to A-type and different from B-type. Our results suggest that the resistance-breaking BNYVV isolates from Imperial Valley likely evolved from existing A-type isolates. JF - Plant Disease AU - Liu, H-Y AU - Sears, J L AU - Lewellen, R T AD - USDA-ARS, Salinas, CA 93905, USA, hliu@pw.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 464 EP - 468 VL - 89 IS - 5 SN - 0191-2917, 0191-2917 KW - sugar beet KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - Sugar KW - Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay KW - Single strand conformation polymorphism KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Transcription KW - Veins KW - Beet necrotic yellow vein virus KW - Rhizomania KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Banding KW - Plant viruses KW - Baiting KW - A 01028:Others KW - V 22183:Symptomatology, pathology & etiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17843513?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Disease&rft.atitle=Occurrence+of+Resistance-Breaking+Beet+necrotic+yellow+vein+virus+of+Sugar+Beet&rft.au=Liu%2C+H-Y%3BSears%2C+J+L%3BLewellen%2C+R+T&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=H-Y&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=155&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Innovative+Food+Science+and+Emerging+Technologies&rft.issn=14668564&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ifset.2004.03.008 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sugar; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Veins; Single strand conformation polymorphism; Nucleotide sequence; Transcription; Polymerase chain reaction; Rhizomania; Banding; Plant viruses; Baiting; Beet necrotic yellow vein virus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PD-89-0464 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil microbes and the war on garden weeds AN - 17843017; 6243241 AB - Weeds are a big problem to all gardeners and growers, especially if they do not want to use chemical herbicides. The author explains how microbes can provide an effective, alternative means of control. JF - Microbiology Today AU - Kremer, Robert J AD - USDA ARS, 302 ABNR Build., University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA, KremerR@missouri.edu Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 64 EP - 67 PB - Society for General Microbiology VL - 32 SN - 1464-0570, 1464-0570 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Soil KW - Weeds KW - War KW - Herbicides KW - A 01047:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17843017?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microbiology+Today&rft.atitle=Soil+microbes+and+the+war+on+garden+weeds&rft.au=Kremer%2C+Robert+J&rft.aulast=Kremer&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=&rft.spage=64&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microbiology+Today&rft.issn=14640570&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Weeds; War; Herbicides ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Chlorotic Spot Disease on Calla Lilies (Zantedeschia spp.) Is Caused by a Tospovirus Serologically but Distantly Related to Watermelon silver mottle virus AN - 17841828; 6237641 AB - A new tospovirus, Calla lily chlorotic spot virus (CCSV), was isolated from calla lilies (Zantedeschia spp.) in Taiwan. Chlorotic spots, ranging from light green to yellow, appear on the middle leaves of the affected plants. Virions measuring 75 to 105 nm, similar in size to tospovirus particles, were present in crude extracts and ultrathin sections of diseased leaves. Of 35 plant species inoculated mechanically, 24, including wax gourd (Benincasa hispida) and zucchini squash (Cucurbita pepo), were susceptible to the virus. CCSV was transmitted from infected wax gourd by Thrips palmi to healthy wax gourd and zucchini squash. The virus was weakly related to Watermelon silver mottle virus (WSMoV) in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and western blot tests. WSMoV-specific N gene primers, however, failed to produce DNA fragments from total RNA extracts of CCSV-infected plants in reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results of RT-PCR show that the conserved regions of the L genes of tospoviruses are present in CCSV. JF - Plant Disease AU - Chen, C C AU - Chen, T C AU - Lin, Y H AU - Yeh, S D AU - Hsu, H T AD - Department of Plant Protection, Taichung District Agricultural Improvement Station, Changhua, Taiwan, hsuht@ba.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 440 EP - 445 VL - 89 IS - 5 SN - 0191-2917, 0191-2917 KW - watermelon KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - Thrips palmi KW - Virions KW - Zantedeschia KW - Western blotting KW - Taiwan KW - Plant diseases KW - Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay KW - Tospovirus KW - Leaves KW - Transcription KW - Cucurbita pepo KW - Light effects KW - double prime N gene KW - Watermelon silver mottle virus KW - RNA KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Primers KW - Plant extracts KW - Calla KW - Plant viruses KW - Silver KW - Spot KW - A 01028:Others KW - V 22181:Detection UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17841828?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Irrigation+Science&rft.atitle=Determination+of+temperature+and+time+thresholds+for+BIOTIC+irrigation+of+peanut+on+the+Southern+High+Plains+of+Texas&rft.au=Mahan%2C+James+R%3BBurke%2C+John+J%3BWanjura%2C+Donald+F%3BUpchurch%2C+Dan+R&rft.aulast=Mahan&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=145&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Irrigation+Science&rft.issn=03427188&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00271-005-0102-9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Virions; Western blotting; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Plant diseases; Leaves; Transcription; Light effects; double prime N gene; RNA; Polymerase chain reaction; Primers; Plant extracts; Plant viruses; Spot; Silver; Thrips palmi; Zantedeschia; Watermelon silver mottle virus; Tospovirus; Calla; Cucurbita pepo; Taiwan DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PD-89-0440 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Insect seasonality: circle map analysis of temperature-driven life cycles AN - 17831602; 6219482 AB - Maintaining an adaptive seasonality, with life cycle events occurring at appropriate times of year and in synchrony with cohorts and ephemeral resources, is a basic ecological requisite for many cold-blooded organisms. There are many mechanisms for synchronizing developmental milestones, such as egg laying (oviposition), egg hatching, cocoon opening, and the emergence of adults. These are often irreversible, specific to particular life stages, and include diapause, an altered physiological state which can be reversed by some synchronizing environmental cue (e.g. photoperiod). However, many successful organisms display none of these mechanisms for maintaining adaptive seasonality. In this paper, we briefly review the mathematical relationship between environmental temperatures and developmental timing and discuss the consequences of viewing these models as circle maps from the cycle of yearly oviposition dates and temperatures to oviposition dates for subsequent generations. Of particular interest biologically are life cycles which are timed to complete in exactly 1 year, or univoltine cycles. Univoltinism, associated with reproductive success for many temperate species, is related to stable fixed points of the developmental circle map. Univoltine fixed points are stable and robust in broad temperature bands, but lose stability suddenly to maladaptive cycles at the edges of these bands. Adaptive seasonality may therefore break down with little warning with constantly increasing or decreasing temperature change, as in scenarios for global warming. These ideas are illustrated and explored in the context of Mountain Pine Beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) occurring in the marginal thermal habitat of central Idaho's Rocky Mountains. Applications of these techniques have not been widely explored by the applied math community, but are likely to provide great insight into the response of biological systems to climate change. JF - Theoretical Population Biology AU - Powell, JA AU - Logan, JA AD - Logan Forestry Sciences Lab, USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Logan, UT 84321, USA, powell@math.usu.edu Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 161 EP - 179 VL - 67 IS - 3 SN - 0040-5809, 0040-5809 KW - Mountain pine beetle KW - Ecology Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - Temperature effects KW - Photoperiods KW - Life cycle KW - Mountains KW - USA, Idaho KW - Egg laying KW - Dendroctonus ponderosae KW - Global warming KW - Oviposition KW - Z 05197:Habits & life histories KW - D 04659:Insects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17831602?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Theoretical+Population+Biology&rft.atitle=Insect+seasonality%3A+circle+map+analysis+of+temperature-driven+life+cycles&rft.au=Powell%2C+JA%3BLogan%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Powell&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=161&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Theoretical+Population+Biology&rft.issn=00405809&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.tpb.2004.10.001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Dendroctonus ponderosae; USA, Idaho; Temperature effects; Oviposition; Mountains; Egg laying; Photoperiods; Life cycle; Global warming DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tpb.2004.10.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Model for the combined effects of temperature, pH and sodium chloride concentration on survival of Shigella flexneri strain 5348 under aerobic conditions AN - 17657395; 6448992 AB - Shigella is recognized as a major foodborne pathogen; however, relatively few studies have been reported on its growth and survival characteristics, particularly under conditions relevant to food. A fractional factorial design was used to measure the effects and interactions of temperature (4-37 C), pH (2-6) and NaCl (0.5-9%) on survival kinetics of Shigella flexneri strain 5348 in BHI broth. Stationary-phase cells were inoculated into sterile media to give initial populations of 6-7 log sub(10) CFU/ml and bacterial populations were determined periodically by aerobic plate counts. A total of 267 cultures, representing 83 variable combinations of temperature, pH and NaCl concentration, were analyzed. Survivor curves were fitted from plate count data by means of a two-phase linear model to determine lag times and slopes of the curves, from which decimal reduction times (D-values) and times to a 4-log sub(10) inactivation (t sub(4D)) were calculated. Second order response surface models in terms of temperature, initial pH and NaCl concentration were obtained for the inactivation kinetics parameters of S. flexneri using regression analysis. The use of log sub(10) transformation of the inactivation kinetics parameters yielded models with R super(2) values of >0.8. These models can provide an estimate of Shigella inactivation. The data obtained suggest that Shigella is resistant to acid and salt and that low pH foods stored at low temperatures may serve as vehicles for gastrointestinal illness. JF - International Journal of Food Microbiology AU - Zaika, L L AU - Phillips, J G AD - Microbial Food Safety Research Unit, Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038, USA, jphilips@errc.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 179 EP - 187 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 101 IS - 2 SN - 0168-1605, 0168-1605 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - A 01019:Sterilization, preservation & packaging UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17657395?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Food+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Model+for+the+combined+effects+of+temperature%2C+pH+and+sodium+chloride+concentration+on+survival+of+Shigella+flexneri+strain+5348+under+aerobic+conditions&rft.au=Zaika%2C+L+L%3BPhillips%2C+J+G&rft.aulast=Zaika&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=179&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Food+Microbiology&rft.issn=01681605&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ijfoodmicro.2004.11.004 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2004.11.004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sensitivity of Planktonic and Biofilm-Associated Salmonella spp. to Ionizing Radiation AN - 17639048; 6268591 AB - Salmonella enterica forms biofilms that are relatively resistant to chemical sanitizing treatments. Ionizing radiation has been used to inactivate Salmonella on a variety of foods and contact surfaces, but the relative efficacy of the process against biofilm-associated cells versus free-living planktonic cells is not well documented. The radiation sensitivity of planktonic or biofilm-associated cells was determined for three food-borne-illness-associated isolates of Salmonella: Biofilms were formed on sterile glass slides in a coincubation apparatus, using inoculated tryptic soy broth, incubated at 37 degree C for 48 h. Resulting biofilms were 18 to 24 mu m in height as determined by confocal scanning laser microscopy. The planktonic and biofilm cultures were gamma irradiated to doses of 0.0 (control), 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 kGy. The D sub(10) value (the dose of radiation required to reduce a population by 1 log sub(10), or 90%) was calculated for each isolate-culture based on surviving populations at each radiation dose. The D sub(10) values of S. enterica serovar Anatum were not significantly (P < 0.05) different for biofilm-associated (0.645 kGy) and planktonic (0.677 kGy) cells. In contrast, the biofilm-associated cells of S. enterica serovar Stanley were significantly more sensitive to ionizing radiation than the respective planktonic cells, with D sub(10) values of 0.531 and 0.591 kGy, respectively. D sub(10) values of S. enterica serovar Enteritidis were similarly reduced for biofilm-associated (0.436 kGy) versus planktonic (0.535 kGy) cells. The antimicrobial efficacy of ionizing radiation is therefore preserved or enhanced in treatment of biofilm-associated bacteria. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Niemira, Brendan A AU - Solomon, Ethan B AD - Food Safety Intervention Technologies Research Unit, Eastern Regional Research Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Wyndmoor, Pennsylvania 19038 Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 2732 EP - 2736 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 71 IS - 5 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - A 01019:Sterilization, preservation & packaging KW - Q1 01627:Food quality and standards KW - D 04620:Microorganisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17639048?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Agricultural+and+Food+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Effect+of+Soybean+Lipoxygenase+on+Volatile+Generation+and+Inhibition+of+Aspergillus+flavus+Mycelial+Growth&rft.au=Boue%2C+S+M%3BShih%2C+B+Y%3BCarter-Wientjes%2C+CH%3BCleveland%2C+TE&rft.aulast=Boue&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=4778&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Agricultural+and+Food+Chemistry&rft.issn=00218561&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fjf058038o LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of prairie restoration on weed invasions AN - 17623839; 6241910 AB - Restoration of late-successional plant communities may reduce weed invasion in non-cropland. In studies of natural succession and invasion, however, the presence of late-successional vegetation is often confounded with lower weed propagule pressure and greater time since disturbance. This paper reports a study in which propagule pressure and time since disturbance were controlled by adding weed species to experimental plots dominated by early and late- successional perennial grass species. Seeds of 12 weed species were added to randomized, 6-year-old plots of restored prairie and non-restored, old-field vegetation. Restoration reduced added weed biomass by 92% in year one and 72% in year two, and reduced biomass of four individual weed species, each by more than 82%. Likely mechanisms through which restoration may have reduced invasion include competition and establishment limitation. To examine these mechanisms, subplots were treated with N addition and burning, to reduce competition and remove litter, respectively. Several patterns suggest that competition may have mediated reductions in weed invasion: restoration increased biomass of resident vegetation, decreased light levels, and decreased weed size. Furthermore, adding N reduced effects of restoration on resident and added weeds. The importance of establishment limitation in reducing invasion is suggested by increased litter mass and decreased weed density with restoration. Burning removed litter, and reduced effects of restoration on added weeds. These results suggest that tallgrass prairie restoration can reduce weed invasion, and that this reduction may involve multiple mechanisms, including competition and establishment limitation. JF - Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment AU - Blumenthal, D M AU - Jordan, N R AU - Svenson, EL AD - Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, 1991 Buford Circle, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA, dana.blumenthal@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 221 EP - 230 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 107 IS - 2-3 SN - 0167-8809, 0167-8809 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04715:Reclamation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17623839?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agriculture%2C+Ecosystems+%26+Environment&rft.atitle=Effects+of+prairie+restoration+on+weed+invasions&rft.au=Blumenthal%2C+D+M%3BJordan%2C+N+R%3BSvenson%2C+EL&rft.aulast=Blumenthal&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=107&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=221&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agriculture%2C+Ecosystems+%26+Environment&rft.issn=01678809&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.agee.2004.11.008 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2004.11.008 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hapten Syntheses and Antibody Generation for the Development of a Polybrominated Flame Retardant ELISA AN - 17604595; 6384968 AB - Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are a class of brominated flame retardants that are increasingly an environmental concern. Several antibodies were developed for the polybrominated diphenyl ether flame retardant BDE-47 (1), often found in the highest concentration in human milk, plasma, and adipose tissue. Four haptens with different bromine and linker substitution patterns were synthesized and utilized to generate five polyclonal antibodies from goats and two polyclonal antibodies from rabbits. Competition was assessed using four different coating antigens for all seven antibodies. The coating antigen showed marked effects on competition. When the same hapten was used for antibody and the coating antigen less competition was observed. The effect of BDE structure on competition was evaluated by using BDE-47 (1), BDE-99 (2), BDE-100 (3), BDE-153 (4), and BDE-183 (5). None of the compounds showed high competition with antibody I-KLH, presumably because steric hindrance prevented formation of an efficient binding site. As predicted from structural considerations, BDE-47 (1) competed well with the remaining antibodies, whereas BDE-100 (3) competed well with only II-KLH. The remaining congeners (BDE-99 (2), BDE-153 (4), and BDE-183 (5)) contain bromines that cannot be positioned in binding sites and thus cross-react poorly. The competition study demonstrated that a bromine substitution on the congener could occupy a position analogous to the linker's position. JF - Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry AU - Shelver, W L AU - Keum, Young-Soo AU - Kim, Hee-Joo AU - Rutherford, D AU - Hakk, H H AU - Bergman, Ae AU - Li, Qing X AD - USDA-ARS Biosciences Research Laboratory, 1605 Albrecht Boulevard, Fargo, ND 58105, USA Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 3840 EP - 3847 VL - 53 IS - 10 SN - 0021-8561, 0021-8561 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay KW - polybrominated diphenyl ethers KW - Antibodies KW - Haptens KW - Breast milk KW - Adipose tissue KW - Congeners KW - Fire retardant chemicals KW - Competition KW - Coatings KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W2 32240:Immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17604595?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Agricultural+and+Food+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Hapten+Syntheses+and+Antibody+Generation+for+the+Development+of+a+Polybrominated+Flame+Retardant+ELISA&rft.au=Shelver%2C+W+L%3BKeum%2C+Young-Soo%3BKim%2C+Hee-Joo%3BRutherford%2C+D%3BHakk%2C+H+H%3BBergman%2C+Ae%3BLi%2C+Qing+X&rft.aulast=Shelver&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=3840&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Agricultural+and+Food+Chemistry&rft.issn=00218561&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fjf047863m LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Antibodies; Competition; Fire retardant chemicals; Coatings; Haptens; Congeners; polybrominated diphenyl ethers; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Breast milk; Adipose tissue DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf047863m ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Elephants in space and time AN - 17586827; 6421361 AB - Autocorrelation in animal movements can be both a serious nuisance to analysis and a source of valuable information about the scale and patterns of animal behavior, depending on the question and the techniques employed. In this paper we present an approach to analyzing the patterns of autocorrelation in animal movements that provides a detailed picture of seasonal variability in the scale and patterns of movement. We used a combination of moving window Mantel correlograms, surface correlation and cross-correlation analysis to investigate the scales and patterns of autocorrelation in the movements of three herds of elephants in northern Botswana. Patterns of autocorrelation of elephant movements were long-range, temporally complicated, seasonally variable, and closely linked with the onset of rainfall events. Specifically, for the three elephant herds monitored there was often significant autocorrelation among locations up to lags of 30 days or more. During many seasonal periods there was no indication of decreasing autocorrelation with increasing time between locations. Over the course of the year, herds showed highly variable and complex patterns of autocorrelation, ranging from random use of temporary home ranges, periodic use of focal areas, and directional migration. Even though the patterns of autocorrelation were variable in time and quite complex, there were highly significant correlations among the autocorrelation patterns of the different herds, indicating that they exhibited similar patterns of movement through the year. These major patterns of autocorrelation seem to be related to patterns of rainfall. The strength of correlation in movement patterns of the different herds decreased markedly at the cessation of major rain events. Also, there was a strong cross-correlation between strength of autocorrelation of movement and rainfall, peaking at time lags of between three and four weeks. Overall, these approaches provide a powerful way to explore the scales and patterns of autocorrelation of animal movements, and to explicitly link those patterns to temporally variable environmental attributes, such as rainfall or vegetation phenology. JF - Oikos AU - Cushman, Samuel A AU - Chase, Michael AU - Griffin, Curtice AD - USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, PO Box 8089, Missoula, MT 59801, USA, scushman@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 331 EP - 341 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd. VL - 109 IS - 2 SN - 0030-1299, 0030-1299 KW - Elephantidae KW - Ecology Abstracts; Animal Behavior Abstracts KW - Mathematical models KW - Ranging behavior KW - Migration KW - Environmental factors KW - Y 25387:Mammals (excluding primates) KW - D 04672:Mammals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17586827?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oikos&rft.atitle=Elephants+in+space+and+time&rft.au=Cushman%2C+Samuel+A%3BChase%2C+Michael%3BGriffin%2C+Curtice&rft.aulast=Cushman&rft.aufirst=Samuel&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=331&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Oikos&rft.issn=00301299&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.0030-1299.2005.13538.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environmental factors; Mathematical models; Migration; Ranging behavior DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0030-1299.2005.13538.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - From Metchnikoff to Monsanto and beyond: The path of microbial control AN - 17580153; 6412528 AB - In 125 years since Metchnikoff proposed the use of Metarhizium anisopliae to control the wheat cockchafer and brought about the first field trials, microbial control has progressed from the application of naturalists' observations to biotechnology and precision delivery. This review highlights major milestones in its evolution and presents a perspective on its current direction. Fungal pathogens, the most eye-catching agents, dominated the early period, but major mycological control efforts for chinch bugs and citrus pests in the US had questionable success, and interest waned. The discoveries of Bacillus popilliae and Bacillus thuringiensis began the era of practical and commercially viable microbial control. A program to control the Japanese beetle in the US led to the discovery of both B. popilliae and Steinernema glaseri, the first nematode used as a microbial control agent. Viral insect control became practical in the latter half of the 20th century, and the first registration was obtained with the Heliothis nuclear polyhedrosis virus in 1975. Now strategies are shifting for microbial control. While Bt transgenic crops are now planted on millions of hectares, the successes of more narrowly defined microbial control are mainly in small niches. Commercial enthusiasm for traditional microbial control agents has been unsteady in recent years. The prospects of microbial insecticide use on vast areas of major crops are now viewed more realistically. Regulatory constraints, activist resistance, benign and efficacious chemicals, and limited research funding all drive changes in focus. Emphasis is shifting to monitoring, conservation, integration with chemical pesticides, and selection of favorable venues such as organic agriculture and countries that have low costs, mild regulatory climates, modest chemical inputs, and small scale farming. JF - Journal of Invertebrate Pathology AU - Lord, J C AD - USDA, ARS, 1515 College Avenue, Manhattan, KS 66502, USA, lord@gmprc.ksu.edu Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 19 EP - 29 VL - 89 IS - 1 SN - 0022-2011, 0022-2011 KW - Nematodes KW - Roundworms KW - Threadworms KW - Wheat KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Entomology Abstracts KW - Citrus KW - Agriculture KW - Nuclear polyhedrosis virus KW - Bacillus thuringiensis KW - Niches KW - Bacillus popilliae KW - Climate KW - Heliothis KW - Transgenic plants KW - Crops KW - Metarhizium anisopliae KW - Triticum aestivum KW - Integration KW - Insecticides KW - Reviews KW - Pesticides KW - Conservation KW - Pests KW - Nematoda KW - Evolution KW - Benign KW - A 01030:General KW - Z 05207:Agricultural & general applied entomology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17580153?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+applied+physiology+%28Bethesda%2C+Md.+%3A+1985%29&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+calves+exhibiting+a+novel+inheritable+TNF-alpha+hyperresponsiveness+to+endotoxin%3A+associations+with+increased+pathophysiological+complications.&rft.au=Elsasser%2C+T+H%3BBlum%2C+J+W%3BKahl%2C+S&rft.aulast=Elsasser&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=98&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2045&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+applied+physiology+%28Bethesda%2C+Md.+%3A+1985%29&rft.issn=87507587&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agriculture; Niches; Climate; Crops; Transgenic plants; Integration; Insecticides; Reviews; Pesticides; Conservation; Pests; Evolution; Benign; Citrus; Triticum aestivum; Nuclear polyhedrosis virus; Bacillus thuringiensis; Bacillus popilliae; Heliothis; Nematoda; Metarhizium anisopliae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jip.2005.04.006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coating Beauveria bassiana with lignin for protection from solar radiation and effects on pathogenicity to Lygus lineolaris (Heteroptera: Miridae) AN - 17547231; 6422239 AB - The entomopathogenic fungus, Beauveria bassiana, is highly susceptible to the damaging effects of solar radiation. This study demonstrates protection from simulated solar radiation by coating B. bassiana (GHA) spores with lignin and effects on pathogenicity to Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois) adults in direct spray and contact uptake bioassays. Spores were coated with either lignin or cross-linked lignin by spray drying to produce spore coatings of high and low water solubility, respectively. Non-coated spores and the two spore coating treatments were suspended in either water (0.04% Silwet L77) or oil (Orchex 692) to produce six formulations. Rates of loss in spore viability under simulated solar radiation were approximately ten times lower for the three formulations in which spores remained coated in suspension (cross-linked lignin in water, cross-linked lignin in oil, and lignin in oil). However, these three formulations were the least pathogenic. Estimates of LC sub(50) and LC sub(75) values for the most pathogenic formulation (non-coated in oil) were 5 and 12 times lower, respectively, than the least pathogenic formulation (cross-linked lignin in oil), but these differences were not significant. The three lignin-coated formulations that provided the greatest UV protection were also the least pathogenic based on LT values, which were significant. Overall, L. lineolaris mortality was approximately 80 times less when exposed to treated broccoli rather than sprayed directly, based on LC sub(50) values. If the contribution of spore uptake from plant surfaces to L. lineolaris mortality is similarly low under field conditions, then improving persistence may be less important for improving efficacy. However, under control conditions where solar radiation significantly impacts mycoinsecticide efficacy, the improved persistence of lignin coating formulations may outweigh negative effects on pathogenicity. JF - Biocontrol Science and Technology AU - Leland, JE AU - Behle, R W AD - Southern Insect Management Research Unit, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, 141 Experiment Station Rd., Stoneville, MS 38776, USA, jleland@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 309 EP - 320 VL - 15 IS - 3 SN - 0958-3157, 0958-3157 KW - Jumping tree bugs KW - Leaf Bugs KW - Plant Bugs KW - Tarnished plant bug KW - True bugs KW - Entomology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Biological control KW - Mortality KW - Beauveria bassiana KW - Solubility KW - Drying KW - Miridae KW - Solar radiation KW - Hemiptera KW - Oil KW - Pathogenicity KW - Lignin KW - Spores KW - Lygus lineolaris KW - Coatings KW - A 01070:Sterilization, preservation & packaging KW - Z 05182:Pathology KW - K 03092:Others UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17547231?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biocontrol+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Coating+Beauveria+bassiana+with+lignin+for+protection+from+solar+radiation+and+effects+on+pathogenicity+to+Lygus+lineolaris+%28Heteroptera%3A+Miridae%29&rft.au=Leland%2C+JE%3BBehle%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Leland&rft.aufirst=JE&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=309&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biocontrol+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=09583157&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F09583150400016936 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological control; Oil; Mortality; Solubility; Pathogenicity; Lignin; Drying; Solar radiation; Spores; Coatings; Beauveria bassiana; Miridae; Lygus lineolaris; Hemiptera DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09583150400016936 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 2004 SIVB Congress Symposium Proceeding: Transgene management via multiple site-specific recombination systems AN - 17507216; 6403917 AB - Current methods for creating transgenic varieties are labor and time intensive, comprised of the generation of hundreds of plants with random DNA insertions, screening for the few individuals with appropriate transgene expression and simple integration structure, and followed by a lengthy breeding process to introgress the engineered trait into cultivated varieties. Various modifications of existing methods have been proposed to speed up the different steps involved in plant transformation, as well as a few add-on technologies that seek to address issues related to biosafety or intellectual property. The problem with an assortment of independently developed improvements is that they do not integrate seamlessly into a single transformation system. This paper presents an integrated strategy for plant transformation, where the introduced DNA will be inserted precisely into the genome, the transgenic locus will be introgressed rapidly into field varieties, the extraneous transgenic DNA will be removed, the transgenic plants will be molecularly tagged, and the transgenic locus may be excised from pollen and/or seed. JF - In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant AU - Ow, D W AD - Plant Gene Expression Center, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Albany, CA 94710, david_ow@berkeley.edu Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 213 EP - 219 PB - Society for In Vitro Biology VL - 41 IS - 3 SN - 1054-5476, 1054-5476 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - Genomes KW - Transformation KW - Seeds KW - intellectual property KW - Plant breeding KW - Pollen KW - Transgenic plants KW - Integration KW - Recombination KW - Breeding KW - DNA KW - W2 32065:Plants KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 310:Agricultural Engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17507216?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=In+Vitro+Cellular+%26+Developmental+Biology+-+Plant&rft.atitle=2004+SIVB+Congress+Symposium+Proceeding%3A+Transgene+management+via+multiple+site-specific+recombination+systems&rft.au=Ow%2C+D+W&rft.aulast=Ow&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=213&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=In+Vitro+Cellular+%26+Developmental+Biology+-+Plant&rft.issn=10545476&rft_id=info:doi/10.1043%2F1054-5476%282005%290412.0.CO%3B2 L2 - http://journals.allenpress.com/jrnlserv/?request=get-abstract&issn=1054-5476&volume=41&issue=3&page=213 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Transformation; DNA; Transgenic plants; Breeding; Pollen; Recombination; Genomes; Plant breeding; intellectual property; Seeds; Integration DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1043/1054-5476(2005)041[0213:SCSPTM]2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of Cocoa- and Coffee-Derived Methylxanthines as Toxicants for the Control of Pest Coyotes AN - 17501773; 6384977 AB - Methylxanthines were quantified in coffee, tea, and chocolate products. Tarajuilie tea from India, cocoa powder, and cocoa nibs contained the highest levels of methylxanthines. Theobromine, caffeine, and theophylline combined in the ratios observed in tea and chocolate were ingested by coyotes. Although both mixtures induced acute toxicity, the symptoms accompanying the chocolate methylxanthine mimic were preferable. Manipulation of the ratios of methylxanthines in the chocolate mimic led to the identification of a 5:1 theobromine/caffeine mixture as a promising coyote toxicant. This mixture was then administered to coyotes using the coyote lure operative device (CLOD). Mortality occurred in every coyote that ingested any portion of the CLOD contents. These results indicate that mixtures of theobromine and caffeine have the potential to be developed into a selective, effective, and socially acceptable toxicant for the control of pest coyotes. JF - Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry AU - Johnston, J J AD - USDA/APHIS/Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center, 4101 LaPorte Avenue, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 4069 EP - 4075 VL - 53 IS - 10 SN - 0021-8561, 0021-8561 KW - Coyote KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Coffee KW - Powder KW - Mortality KW - Cocoa KW - Chocolate KW - Acute toxicity KW - Canis latrans KW - India KW - Tea KW - Caffeine KW - Pests KW - Theophylline KW - X 24120:Food, additives & contaminants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17501773?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Bone+and+Mineral+Research&rft.atitle=Vitamin+D+Receptor+Fok1+Polymorphisms+Affect+Calcium+Absorption%2C+Kinetics%2C+and+Bone+Mineralization+Rates+During+Puberty&rft.au=Abrams%2C+SA%3BGriffin%2C+I+J%3BHawthorne%2C+K+M%3BChen%2C+Z%3BGunn%2C+S+K%3BWilde%2C+M%3BDarlington%2C+G%3BShypailo%2C+R+J%3BEllis%2C+K+J&rft.aulast=Abrams&rft.aufirst=SA&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=945&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Bone+and+Mineral+Research&rft.issn=08840431&rft_id=info:doi/10.1359%2FJBMR.050114 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Canis latrans; India; Chocolate; Caffeine; Tea; Pests; Cocoa; Mortality; Powder; Theophylline; Acute toxicity; Coffee DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf050166p ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sequencing of the Chlamydophila psittaci ompA Gene Reveals a New Genotype, E/B, and the Need for a Rapid Discriminatory Genotyping Method AN - 17494333; 6268254 AB - Twenty-one avian Chlamydophila psittaci isolates from different European countries were characterized using ompA restriction fragment length polymorphism, ompA sequencing, and major outer membrane protein serotyping. Results reveal the presence of a new genotype, E/B, in several European countries and stress the need for a discriminatory rapid genotyping method. JF - Journal of Clinical Microbiology AU - Geens, Tom AU - Desplanques, Ann AU - Van Loock, Marnix AU - Boenner, Brigitte M AU - Kaleta, Erhard F AU - Magnino, Simone AU - Andersen, Arthur A AU - Everett, Karin DE AU - Vanrompay, Daisy AD - Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. Laboratory of Physiology and Immunology of Domestic Animals, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. Institut fuer Gefluegelkrankheiten, Justus-Liebig-Universitaet, Giessen, Germany. Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell' Emilia Romagna, Sezione di Pavia, National Reference Laboratory for Animal Chlamydioses, Pavia, Italy. United States Department of Agriculture, National Animal Disease Center, Ames, Iowa. Institute for Environmental Health, Seattle, Washington Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 2456 EP - 2461 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 43 IS - 5 SN - 0095-1137, 0095-1137 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - ompA gene KW - Chlamydophila psittaci KW - Genotyping KW - Restriction fragment length polymorphism KW - Serotyping KW - Major outer membrane protein KW - J 02710:Identification, taxonomy and typing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17494333?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Clinical+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Sequencing+of+the+Chlamydophila+psittaci+ompA+Gene+Reveals+a+New+Genotype%2C+E%2FB%2C+and+the+Need+for+a+Rapid+Discriminatory+Genotyping+Method&rft.au=Geens%2C+Tom%3BDesplanques%2C+Ann%3BVan+Loock%2C+Marnix%3BBoenner%2C+Brigitte+M%3BKaleta%2C+Erhard+F%3BMagnino%2C+Simone%3BAndersen%2C+Arthur+A%3BEverett%2C+Karin+DE%3BVanrompay%2C+Daisy&rft.aulast=Geens&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2456&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Clinical+Microbiology&rft.issn=00951137&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chlamydophila psittaci; Genotyping; Serotyping; Major outer membrane protein; Restriction fragment length polymorphism; ompA gene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Response of Respiration of Soybean Leaves Grown at Ambient and Elevated Carbon Dioxide Concentrations to Day-to-day Variation in Light and Temperature under Field Conditions AN - 17492995; 6244087 AB - times BACKGROUND: and Aims Respiration is an important component of plant carbon balance, but it remains uncertain how respiration will respond to increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration, and there are few measurements of respiration for crop plants grown at elevated [CO sub(2)] under field conditions. The hypothesis that respiration of leaves of soybeans grown at elevated [CO sub(2)] is increased is tested; and the effects of photosynthesis and acclimation to temperature examined. times METHODS: Net rates of carbon dioxide exchange were recorded every 10 min, 24 h per day for mature upper canopy leaves of soybeans grown in field plots at the current ambient [CO sub(2)] and at ambient plus 350 mu mol mol super(-1) [CO sub(2)] in open top chambers. Measurements were made on pairs of leaves from both [CO sub(2)] treatments on a total of 16 d during the middle of the growing seasons of two years. times Key Results Elevated [CO sub(2)] increased daytime net carbon dioxide fixation rates per unit of leaf area by an average of 48 %, but had no effect on night-time respiration expressed per unit of area, which averaged 53 mmol m super(-2) d super(-1) (1.4 mu mol m super(-2) s super(-1)) for both the ambient and elevated [CO sub(2)] treatments. Leaf dry mass per unit of area was increased on average by 23 % by elevated [CO sub(2)], and respiration per unit of mass was significantly lower at elevated [CO sub(2)]. Respiration increased by a factor of 2.5 between 18 and 26 degree C average night temperature, for both [CO sub(2)] treatments. times CONCLUSIONS: These results do not support predictions that elevated [CO sub(2)] would increase respiration per unit of area by increasing photosynthesis or by increasing leaf mass per unit of area, nor the idea that acclimation of respiration to temperature would be rapid enough to make dark respiration insensitive to variation in temperature between nights. JF - Annals of Botany AU - Bunce, James A AD - Crop Systems and Global Change Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD 20705-2350, USA Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 1059 EP - 1066 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP UK, [mailto:jnl.samples@oup.co.uk], [URL:http://www3.oup.co.uk/jnls/] VL - 95 IS - 6 SN - 0305-7364, 0305-7364 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Temperature effects KW - Acclimation KW - Photosynthesis KW - Respiration KW - Leaves KW - Canopies KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Soybeans KW - D 04099:Ecosystem studies - general UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17492995?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Clinical+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+Campylobacter+jejuni+Lipooligosaccharide+Biosynthesis+Loci+from+a+Variety+of+Sources&rft.au=Parker%2C+Craig+T%3BHorn%2C+Sharon+T%3BGilbert%2C+Michel%3BMiller%2C+William+G%3BWoodward%2C+David+L%3BMandrell%2C+Robert+E&rft.aulast=Parker&rft.aufirst=Craig&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2771&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Clinical+Microbiology&rft.issn=00951137&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Carbon dioxide; Respiration; Leaves; Temperature effects; Soybeans; Acclimation; Photosynthesis; Canopies ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biofilm Formation, Cellulose Production, and Curli Biosynthesis by Salmonella originating from Produce, Animal, and Clinical Sources AN - 17491242; 6256791 AB - The ability of 71 strains of Salmonella enterica originating from produce, meat, or clinical sources to form biofilms was investigated. A crystal violet binding assay demonstrated no significant differences in biofilm formation by isolates from any source when tested in any of the following three media: Luria- Bertani broth supplemented with 2% glucose, tryptic soy broth (TSB), or 1/20th- strength TSB. Incubation was overnight at 30 degree C under static conditions. Curli production and cellulose production were monitored by assessing morphotypes on Luria-Bertani agar without salt containing Congo red and by assessing fluorescence on Luria-Bertani agar containing calcofluor, respectively. One hundred percent of the clinical isolates exhibited curli biosynthesis, and 73% demonstrated cellulose production. All meat-related isolates formed curli, and 84% produced cellulose. A total of 80% of produce-related isolates produced curli, but only 52% produced cellulose. Crystal violet binding was not statistically different between isolates representing the three morphotypes when grown in TSB; however, significant differences were observed when strains were cultured in the two other media tested. These data demonstrate that the ability to form biofilms is not dependent on the source of the test isolate and suggest a relationship between crystal violet binding and morphotype, with curli-and cellulose-deficient isolates being least effective in biofilm formation. JF - Journal of Food Protection AU - Solomon, Ethan B AU - Niemira, Brendan A AU - Sapers, Gerald M AU - Annous, Bassam A AD - Food Safety Intervention Technologies Research Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, Pennsylvania 19038-8598, USA Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 906 EP - 912 PB - Allen Press, Inc., 810 East Tenth St. Lawrence KS 66044 USA, [mailto:webmaster@allenpress.com], [URL:http://www.allenpress.com] VL - 68 IS - 5 SN - 0362-028X, 0362-028X KW - curli protein KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Clinical isolates KW - Meat KW - Salts KW - Agar KW - Fluorescence KW - Salmonella enterica KW - Cellulose KW - Glucose KW - Crystals KW - Biofilms KW - Soybeans KW - A 01017:Human foods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17491242?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Food+Protection&rft.atitle=Biofilm+Formation%2C+Cellulose+Production%2C+and+Curli+Biosynthesis+by+Salmonella+originating+from+Produce%2C+Animal%2C+and+Clinical+Sources&rft.au=Solomon%2C+Ethan+B%3BNiemira%2C+Brendan+A%3BSapers%2C+Gerald+M%3BAnnous%2C+Bassam+A&rft.aulast=Solomon&rft.aufirst=Ethan&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=906&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Food+Protection&rft.issn=0362028X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Salmonella enterica; Biofilms; Cellulose; Crystals; Agar; Meat; Clinical isolates; Soybeans; Glucose; Fluorescence; Salts ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Partitioning of nitrogen over five growing seasons in tallgrass prairie AN - 17489731; 6248636 AB - Annual spring burning of tallgrass prairie increases plant biomass production despite losses of N and lower net N mineralization. To better understand how burning influences the cycling of N in prairie, super(15)N was injected to soil as NH sub(4) super(+), and the partitioning between plant and soil N pools was followed over five growing seasons in annually burned and unburned prairie. Applied super(15)N was rapidly immobilized with <2% and 11% of the super(15)N remaining in inorganic forms six days after application in burned and unburned prairie, respectively. Seventy-seven percent (burned prairie) and 70% (unburned prairie) of the applied super(15)N was initially recovered as soil organic N (oN), with a majority accounted for in microbial biomass. Plants contained similar to 20% of the applied N with the largest portion recovered from roots regardless of burning. At the end of the first growing season, only 55% of the applied super(15)N was recovered from the unburned prairie, while 85% was recovered from burned prairie. The total super(15)N content of the plants changed little during the first growing season, but the portion recovered in the rhizomes increased, indicating belowground N storage. Total recovery and distribution of applied N changed little from the end of the first to the end of the second season growing season. Accumulations of super(15)N within the plants decreased greatly between the second and fifth growing seasons, but N lost from plants was accounted for in oN. Conservation of N by plants and tight cycling of N within the root zone suggest mechanisms by which prairie can be a highly productive ecosystem despite limited N availability. The immobilization of potentially mineralized N within the root zone increased with burning, offsetting the loss of N to fire probably by reducing leaching and denitrification losses. JF - Ecology AU - Dell, C J AU - Williams, MA AU - Rice, C W AD - USDA/ARS/PSWMRU, Building 3702, Curtin Road, University Park, PA 16802-3702, USA, curtis.dell@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 1280 EP - 1287 VL - 86 IS - 5 SN - 0012-9658, 0012-9658 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Soil KW - Fires KW - Prairies KW - Leaching KW - Roots KW - Burning KW - Biomass KW - Nitrogen KW - D 04115:Temperate grasslands UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17489731?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecology&rft.atitle=Partitioning+of+nitrogen+over+five+growing+seasons+in+tallgrass+prairie&rft.au=Dell%2C+C+J%3BWilliams%2C+MA%3BRice%2C+C+W&rft.aulast=Dell&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1280&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecology&rft.issn=00129658&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Prairies; Burning; Soil; Roots; Biomass; Leaching; Fires; Nitrogen ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seedling Growth of Two Honey Mesquite Varieties Under CO sub(2) Enrichment AN - 17465871; 6658280 AB - Seedlings of 2 varieties of honey mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa var. glandulosa and P. glandulosa var. torreyana) were exposed to 2 concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO sub(2)) (368 and 704 mu mol . mol super(-1)) in environmentally controlled glasshouses under near-optimal temperature and soil water conditions to determine if CO sub(2) enrichment alters above- and belowground growth responses. CO sub(2) enrichment substantially enhanced both above- and belowground growth variables of both varieties for all harvest dates (8, 16, and 24 days postemergence). This growth enhancement was greater for aboveground variables (21%-35%) at the first harvest, greater for belowground variables (36%-40%) at the second harvest, and similar for both above- (13%-68%) and belowground (10%-40%) variables at the last harvest. Differences in temporal growth enhancement associated with CO sub(2) enrichment suggest changing carbon allocation priorities, with initial carbon investment allocated primarily aboveground to develop photosynthetic machinery, and later carbon allocations predominately directed toward increased investment in roots. The absence of significant CO sub(2) x variety interactions at any harvest date provides evidence that CO sub(2) enrichment did not exaggerate growth responses between the 2 varieties. These results suggest that varietal differences in rooting and other characteristics did not modify the size advantage of the glandulosa over the torreyana variety, as the absolute differences in sizes did not change as a function of CO sub(2) treatment. Although CO sub(2) enrichment did not exaggerate growth differences between varieties in this species, it is evident that honey mesquite seedlings possess the capacity to respond markedly to CO sub(2) enrichment. The greater root depth of honey mesquite seedlings exposed to CO sub(2) enrichment confers a competitive advantage to mesquite seedlings over grass seedlings, assuming that C sub(3) and C sub(4) grass seedlings will not respond as vigorously to CO sub(2) enrichment. As such, this species should continue to aggressively encroach into grasslands in future CO sub(2)-enriched environments.Original Abstract: Plantulas de dos variedades de 'Mesquite' (Prosopis glandulosa var. glandulosa y P. glandulosa var. torreyana) fueron expuestas a dos concentraciones de CO sub(2)(368 y 704 mu mol . mol super(-1)) en invernaderos con ambiente controlado bajo condiciones de temperatura y humedad en suelo cercanas al optimo a fin de determinar si el enriquecimiento de CO sub(2) altera la respuesta del crecimiento aereo y radicular. El enriquecimiento de CO sub(2) mejoro sustancialmente las variables del crecimiento tanto aereo como radicular en ambas variedades en todas las fechas de cosecha (8, 16, y 24 dias a la postemergencia). El estimulo al crecimiento fue mayor para variables de crecimiento aereo (21%-35%) en el primer corte, mayor para variables de crecimiento radicular (36%-40%) en el segundo corte y similar para ambos aereo (13%-68%) y radicular (10%-40%) en el ultimo corte. Las diferencias en la mejoria temporal del crecimiento asociadas al enriquecimiento de CO sub(2) sugieren un cambio en las prioridades de ubicacion del carbon, con inversiones iniciales de carbon asignadas principalmente al a la parte aerea a fin de desarrollar la maquinaria fotosintetica y translocacion posterior de carbon para el crecimiento de raices. La ausencia de interacciones significativas de CO sub(2)X variedad en cualquier fecha de cosecha provee evidencia de que el enriquecimiento de CO sub(2) no estimula exageradamente la respuesta al crecimiento entre las dos variedades. Los resultados sugieren que las diferencias varietales en raices y otras caracteristicas no modifican la ventaja del tamano de la glandulosa sobre la torreyana, las diferencias absolutas en tamano no cambian en funcion de los tratamientos de CO sub(2). Aunque el enriquecimiento de CO sub(2) no magnifico las diferencia de crecimiento entre variedades de esta especie, es evidente que las plantulas de 'Mesquite' poseen la capacidad de responder marcadamente al enriquecimiento de CO sub(2.)La mayor profundidad de raices de plantulas de mesquite expuestas al enriquecimiento de CO sub(2)le confiere una ventaja competitiva sobre plantulas de zacates , asumiendo que las plantulas de zacates C sub(3) y C sub(4), no responderan tan vigorosamente al enriquecimiento de CO sub(2). Por lo tanto, en el futuro, esta especie continuara expandiendose agresivamente hacia los pastizales en ambientes enriquecidos con CO sub(2). JF - Rangeland Ecology & Management AU - Derner, J D AU - Tischler, C R AU - Polley, H W AU - Johnson, H B AD - Rangeland Scientist, USDA-ARS, High Plains Grasslands Research Station, 8408 Hildreth Road, Cheyenne, WY 82009 Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 292 EP - 298 PB - Society for Range Management VL - 58 IS - 3 SN - 1550-7424, 1550-7424 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Soil KW - Grasslands KW - Carbon KW - Grasses KW - Prosopis glandulosa KW - Roots KW - Seedlings KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Range management KW - Honey KW - D 04700:Management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17465871?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rangeland+Ecology+%26+Management&rft.atitle=Seedling+Growth+of+Two+Honey+Mesquite+Varieties+Under+CO+sub%282%29+Enrichment&rft.au=Derner%2C+J+D%3BTischler%2C+C+R%3BPolley%2C+H+W%3BJohnson%2C+H+B&rft.aulast=Derner&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=292&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Rangeland+Ecology+%26+Management&rft.issn=15507424&rft_id=info:doi/10.2111%2F1551-5028%282005%29582.0.CO%3B2 L2 - http://journals.allenpress.com/jrnlserv/?request=get-abstract&issn=1550-7424&volume=58&issue=3&page=292 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Grasslands; Carbon; Grasses; Roots; Seedlings; Carbon dioxide; Range management; Honey; Prosopis glandulosa DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2111/1551-5028(2005)58[292:SGOTHM]2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cattle and Salmon I: Cattle Distribution and Behavior in a Northeastern Oregon Riparian Ecosystem AN - 17465850; 6658276 AB - This 2-year study was designed to quantify the influence of terrestrial and stream habitats on cattle distribution and behavior in a riparian pasture with access to active chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) spawning. The active salmon redds accessible to cattle were at a density of 4.6 redds per km in 1996 and 6.1 redds per km in 1997. The stocking rate was maintained at 0.82 ha.AUM super(-1) for 28 days. Cattle spent approximately 94% of their time in the terrestrial habitats (meadow, disturbance, low shrub, tall shrub, and trees) that supported herbivory-type activities (travel, graze, and rest), the remaining time was spent in stream habitats, which consisted of gravel bar (5%) and in aquatic (< 1%) habitats. Cattle spent approximately 88% of their time on nonherbivory-type activities while in the aquatic habitat. Individual cows were observed during the daylight hours for 18 of 28 days each year they were in the pasture and were never observed in direct contact with a redd. Cattle spent over half of their time drinking and < 0.01% of their time defecating while they were in the aquatic habitat. Defecation was proportional to time spent in each habitat; so about 2% of the manure was directly deposited in the stream.Original Abstract: Este estudio de dos anos se diseno para cuantificar la influencia de los habitats terrestres y de corrientes de agua en la distribucion y comportamiento del ganado en praderas riberenas con acceso a areas activas de ovoposicion (nidos) del 'Chinook salmon' (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). Los nidos del salmon accesibles al ganado tenian una densidad de 4.6 sitios por kilometro en 1996 y 6.1 sitios por kilometro en 1997. La carga animal se mantuvo en 0.82 UAM super(-1) por 28 dias. El ganado paso aproximadamente el 94% de su tiempo en los habitats terrestres (pradera, sitios disturbados, arbustos bajos, arbustos altos y arboles) que sostuvieron las actividades del herbivoria (apacentar, descansar y viajar), el tiempo restante fue consumido en los habitats de corrientes de agua los cuales consistieron en bancos de grava (5%) y habitats acuaticos (< 1%). Cuando el ganado se encontraba en los habitats acuaticos aproximadamente dedico 88% de su tiempo a actividades diferentes a la herbivoria. En cada ano del estudio en18 de los 28 dias del periodo experimental se observaron vacas individuales durante las horas diurnas, ellas estuvieron en el potrero y nunca se observaron en contacto directo con los nidos del salomon. Cuando el ganado estaba en habitats acuaticos uso mas de la mitad de su tiempo tomando agua y < 0.01% de su tiempo defecando. La defecacion fue proporcional al tiempo que paso en cada habitat, de tal forma que aproximadamente el 2% del estiercol se deposito directamente en la corriente de agua. JF - Rangeland Ecology & Management AU - Ballard, T M AU - Krueger, W C AD - Hydrologist, USDA Forest Service, La Grande Ranger District, 3502 Hwy 30, La Grande, OR 97850 Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 267 EP - 273 PB - Society for Range Management VL - 58 IS - 3 SN - 1550-7424, 1550-7424 KW - Bovids KW - Chinook salmon KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Shrubs KW - Rangelands KW - Defecation KW - Meadows KW - USA, Oregon KW - Oncorhynchus tshawytscha KW - Range management KW - Streams KW - Pasture KW - Bovidae KW - D 04700:Management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17465850?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rangeland+Ecology+%26+Management&rft.atitle=Cattle+and+Salmon+I%3A+Cattle+Distribution+and+Behavior+in+a+Northeastern+Oregon+Riparian+Ecosystem&rft.au=Ballard%2C+T+M%3BKrueger%2C+W+C&rft.aulast=Ballard&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=267&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Rangeland+Ecology+%26+Management&rft.issn=15507424&rft_id=info:doi/10.2111%2F1551-5028%282005%29582.0.CO%3B2 L2 - http://journals.allenpress.com/jrnlserv/?request=get-abstract&issn=1550-7424&volume=58&issue=3&page=267 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Shrubs; Rangelands; Defecation; Meadows; Pasture; Streams; Range management; Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; Bovidae; USA, Oregon DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2111/1551-5028(2005)58[267:CASICD]2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biodiversity and Biogeography of an Important Inbred Pest of Coffee, Coffee Berry Borer (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) AN - 17431266; 6211926 AB - Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) fingerprinting was used to examine the genetic variability and biogeography of the most important insect pest of coffee, Coffea arabica L., the coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari). H. hampei samples (n = 101) from 17 countries on three continents were examined. Only 26 unique fingerprints (haplotypes) were discovered among all samples. Genetic variability was extremely low (10% average polymorphism per sample), but genetic differentiation was high ( Phi sub(ST) = 0.464). The distribution of the fingerprints and their genetic relatedness to each other suggested that a West African source population invaded both Asia and America. Three distinct lines entered the Americas through either separate introductions or a single introduction of multiple lines. At least two were first introduced to Brazil and subsequently dispersed throughout the Americas. The third was discovered only in Peru and Colombia. Observations were consistent with the high rate of inbreeding suspected of this pest. With such high inbreeding, undesirable mutations, such as those conferring insecticide resistance, might rapidly become homozygous in H. hampei. However, the low genetic variability observed also suggests that this pest may lack the genetic variability necessary to respond to an intensive control strategy.Original Abstract: La tecnica AFLP fue usada para generar huella dactilares geneticas examinando la variacion genetica y la biogeografia de la plaga mas importante del cultivo del cafe, Coffea arabica L., la broca del cafe Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari). Muestras de H. hampei (n = 101) provenientes de 17 paises en tres continentes fueron examinadas. Solo 26 huellas dactilares (haplotipos) fueron descubiertas. La variacion genetica fue extremadamente baja (10% promedio de polimorfismos por muestra), pero la diferenciacion genetica fue alta ( Phi sub(ST) = 0.464). La distribucion de las huellas dactilares y la relacion genetica entre ellas sugirieron que una poblacion originaria del Oeste de Africa que debio haber invadido tanto Asia como America. Tres lineas geneticas distintas entraron a las Americas, ya sea a traves de la introduccion independiente de varias lineas o a la introduccion unica de lineas multiples. Al menos dos lineas fueron inicialmente introducidas al Brasil y posteriormente se dispersaron por todas las Americas. La tercera linea fue decubierto solo en Peru y Colombia. Estas observaciones fueron consistentes con la alta tasa de endogamia con la que se sospecha que este insecto posee. Si esto es cierto, algunas mutaciones no deseadas, asi como aquellas que confieren resistencia a insecticidas, podrian volverse homozigoticas rapidamente. Sin embargo, la baja variacion genetica observada tambien podria estar sugiriendo que esta plaga carece de la variacion genetica necesaria para responder a una estrategia de control intensiva. JF - Annals of the Entomological Society of America AU - Benavides, P AU - Vega, F E AU - Romero-Severson, J AU - Bustillo, A E AU - Stuart, J J AD - Insect Biocontrol Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Bldg. 011A, Beltsville, MD 20705-2350 Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 359 EP - 366 PB - Entomological Society of America VL - 98 IS - 3 SN - 0013-8746, 0013-8746 KW - Beetles KW - Coffee KW - Coleoptera KW - Weevils KW - Ecology Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - North America KW - Biogeography KW - Gene polymorphism KW - Biodiversity KW - Scolytinae KW - South America KW - Amplified fragment length polymorphism KW - Curculionidae KW - Hypothenemus hampei KW - Inbreeding KW - Pests KW - Coffea arabica KW - Borers KW - D 04659:Insects KW - Z 05207:Agricultural & general applied entomology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17431266?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+the+Entomological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Biodiversity+and+Biogeography+of+an+Important+Inbred+Pest+of+Coffee%2C+Coffee+Berry+Borer+%28Coleoptera%3A+Curculionidae%3A+Scolytinae%29&rft.au=Benavides%2C+P%3BVega%2C+F+E%3BRomero-Severson%2C+J%3BBustillo%2C+A+E%3BStuart%2C+J+J&rft.aulast=Benavides&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=98&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=359&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+the+Entomological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00138746&rft_id=info:doi/10.1043%2F0013-8746%282005%290982.0.CO%3B2 L2 - http://journals.allenpress.com/jrnlserv/?request=get-abstract&issn=0013-8746&volume=98&page=359 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Coffee; Amplified fragment length polymorphism; Biogeography; Gene polymorphism; Biodiversity; Inbreeding; Pests; Borers; Coleoptera; Curculionidae; Hypothenemus hampei; Scolytinae; Coffea arabica; North America; South America DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1043/0013-8746(2005)098<0359:BABOAI>2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biology and Biometry of Sharpshooter Homalodisca Coagulata (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) Reared on Cowpea AN - 17430162; 6211920 AB - Stage-specific survival, growth, developmental biology, and biometry of the sharpshooter Homalodisca coagulata (Say) were studied in the laboratory under controlled conditions of 27 plus or minus 1 degree C, 65 plus or minus 5 RH, and a photoperiod of 14:10 (L:D) h. Nymphs and adults were individually reared on excised cowpea, Vigna unguiculata L. Walp., plants maintained in floral aquapics containing a hydroponic solution. Embryonic development of eggs was completed in 7.1 plus or minus 0.8 d with 92.6% of the incubated eggs hatching. Nymphs molted five times, and the nymphal period of 61 plus or minus 2.9 d for females was 1.2-fold significantly longer than that of males. The second nymphal stage was the shortest for both sexes (6.1 plus or minus 0.5 d for females and 5.8 plus or minus 0.8 d for males), whereas the last instar was the longest for females only. Stage-specific mortality was similar between instars; approximately 36% of the nymphs molted to adults. H. coagulata adult sex ratio was not significantly different from a 1:1 ratio. Adult females lived 52 plus or minus 11 d, and females deposited an average of 194 plus or minus 35 eggs each. Analysis of life table statistics indicated that populations of H. coagulata increased at a rate of 1.045 per day and doubled within 15.6 d. The different H. coagulata growth stages were well described by body length, head capsule width, and hind tibia length; however, analysis of frequency distribution showed that head capsule width was the most suitable parameter for distinguishing the immature developmental stages of H. coagulata. JF - Annals of the Entomological Society of America AU - Setamou, M AU - Jones, WA Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 322 EP - 328 PB - Entomological Society of America VL - 98 IS - 3 SN - 0013-8746, 0013-8746 KW - Cicadellids KW - Glassy-winged sharpshooter KW - Homoptera KW - Treehoppers KW - cowpea KW - Ecology Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - Vigna unguiculata KW - Mortality KW - Hydroponics KW - Cicadellidae KW - Photoperiods KW - Homalodisca coagulata KW - Survival KW - Growth stage KW - Eggs KW - Z 05197:Habits & life histories KW - D 04659:Insects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17430162?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+the+Entomological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Biology+and+Biometry+of+Sharpshooter+Homalodisca+Coagulata+%28Homoptera%3A+Cicadellidae%29+Reared+on+Cowpea&rft.au=Setamou%2C+M%3BJones%2C+WA&rft.aulast=Setamou&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=98&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=322&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+the+Entomological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00138746&rft_id=info:doi/10.1043%2F0013-8746%282005%290982.0.CO%3B2 L2 - http://journals.allenpress.com/jrnlserv/?request=get-abstract&issn=0013-8746&volume=98&page=322 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mortality; Hydroponics; Photoperiods; Survival; Growth stage; Eggs; Vigna unguiculata; Cicadellidae; Homalodisca coagulata; Homoptera DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1043/0013-8746(2005)098<0322:BABOSH>2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Design Considerations For Examining Trends In Avian Abundance Using Point Counts: Examples From Oak Woodlands AN - 17425246; 6218927 AB - We used data from two oak-woodland sites in California to develop guidelines for the design of bird monitoring programs using point counts. We used power analysis to determine sample size adequacy when varying the number of visits, count stations, and years for examining trends in abundance. We assumed an overdispersed Poisson distribution for count data, with overdispersion attributed to observer variability, and used Poisson regression for analysis of population trends. Overdispersion had a large, negative effect on power. The number of sampling years also had an especially large effect on power. In all cases, 10 years of sampling were insufficient to detect a decline in abundance of 30% over 10 years. Increasing the sampling period to 20 years provided adequate power for 56% of breeding species at one site. The number of count stations needed for detecting trends for a given species depended primarily on observer variability. If observer variability was high, increasing the number of years and visits was a better approach than increasing the number of stations. Increasing the number of stations was most beneficial for species with low abundance or low observer variability. When the number of stations is limited by the size of the area, we recommend multiple visits to stations. For most species, multiple visits per year (six or more) for 15-20 years were needed to detect a 30% decreasing trend in 10 years with adequate power. We suggest potentially useful focal species for monitoring, such as keystone species like the Acorn Woodpecker (Melanerpes formicivorus). JF - Condor AU - Purcell, K L AU - Mori AU - Chase, M K AD - USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Sierra Nevada Research Center, 2081 E. Sierra Avenue, Fresno, CA, 93710 Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 305 EP - 320 PB - Cooper Ornithological Society VL - 107 IS - 2 SN - 0010-5422, 0010-5422 KW - Acorn woodpecker KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Keystone species KW - Breeding KW - Melanerpes formicivorus KW - Abundance KW - USA, California KW - Sampling KW - Population dynamics KW - D 04671:Birds UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17425246?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Condor&rft.atitle=Design+Considerations+For+Examining+Trends+In+Avian+Abundance+Using+Point+Counts%3A+Examples+From+Oak+Woodlands&rft.au=Purcell%2C+K+L%3BMori%3BChase%2C+M+K&rft.aulast=Purcell&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=107&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=305&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Condor&rft.issn=00105422&rft_id=info:doi/10.1043%2F0010-5422%282005%291072.0.CO%3B2 L2 - http://journals.allenpress.com/jrnlserv/?request=get-abstract&issn=0010-5422&volume=107&page=305 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Keystone species; Breeding; Abundance; Sampling; Population dynamics; Melanerpes formicivorus; USA, California DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1043/0010-5422(2005)107[0305:DCFETI]2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reducing herbicide runoff from agricultural fields with vegetative filter strips: a review AN - 17416983; 6236163 AB - Although the effectiveness of vegetative filter strips (VFS) for reducing herbicide runoff is well documented, a comprehensive review of the literature does not exist. The objectives of this article are to denote the methods developed for evaluating herbicide retention in VFS; ascertain the efficacy of VFS regarding abating herbicide runoff; identify parameters that affect herbicide retention in VFS; review the environmental fate of herbicides retained by VFS; and identify future research needs. The retention of herbicide runoff by VFS has been evaluated in natural rainfall, simulated rainfall, and simulated run-on experiments. Parameters affecting herbicide retention in VFS include width of VFS, area ratio, species established in the VFS, time after establishment of the VFS, antecedent moisture content, nominal herbicide inflow concentration, and herbicide properties. Generally, subsequent transport of herbicides retained by VFS is reduced relative to adjacent cultivated soil because of enhanced sorption and degradation in the former. JF - Weed Science AU - Krutz, L J AU - Senseman, SA AU - Zablotowicz, R M AU - Matocha, MA AD - Corresponding author. U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)-Agricultural Research Service, Southern Weed Science Research Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776, jkrutz@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 353 EP - 367 PB - Weed Science Society of America VL - 53 IS - 3 SN - 0043-1745, 0043-1745 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Filters KW - Weeds KW - Sorption KW - Research Priorities KW - Reviews KW - Antecedent Moisture KW - Herbicides KW - Retention KW - Runoff KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17416983?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Weed+Science&rft.atitle=Reducing+herbicide+runoff+from+agricultural+fields+with+vegetative+filter+strips%3A+a+review&rft.au=Krutz%2C+L+J%3BSenseman%2C+SA%3BZablotowicz%2C+R+M%3BMatocha%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Krutz&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=353&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Weed+Science&rft.issn=00431745&rft_id=info:doi/10.1043%2F0043-1745%282005%290532.0.CO%3B2 L2 - http://journals.allenpress.com/jrnlserv/?request=get-abstract&issn=0043-1745&volume=53&page=353 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Filters; Sorption; Weeds; Research Priorities; Reviews; Antecedent Moisture; Herbicides; Retention; Runoff DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1043/0043-1745(2005)053[0353:RHRFAF]2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vertical stratification of soil water storage and release dynamics in Pacific Northwest coniferous forests AN - 17365208; 6451086 AB - We characterized vertical variation in the seasonal release of stored soil moisture in old-growth ponderosa pine (OG-PP, xeric), and young and old-growth Douglas-fir (Y-DF, OG-DF, mesic) forests to evaluate changes in water availability for root uptake. Soil water potential ([Delta] psi ) and volumetric water content ( theta ) were measured concurrently at 10 cm intervals to 1 m depth to create in situ soil water retention curves (SWRC) under drying conditions. Non-linear regression was used to fit SWRC specific to each depth and site. We also quantified root biomass, soil texture, and hydraulic redistribution (HR) of soil water by roots to identify factors affecting the seasonal dynamics of root water uptake and depletion from the soil profile. Soil theta measured at a particular [Delta] psi increased with soil depth, and was strongly dependent upon soil texture. For example, when [Delta] psi was-0.1 MPa, theta ranged from 13% at 20 cm to 35% at 100 cm for the OG-DF forest. Soil texture and bulk density accounted for 60-90% of the variation in the SWRC. As the summer drought progressed, water extraction shifted to the deeper layers, and recharge from HR approached 0.15 mm day super(-1) in the upper 60 cm for all sites. Total water use from the upper 2 m at all sites peaked between 1.5-2.5 mm day super(-1) in mid-July and then declined to 0.5-1.0 mm day super(-1) by the end of the dry season. Total fine root biomass in the upper 1 m was 0.77 kg m super(-2) (OG-PP), 1.08 kg m super(-2) (OG-DF) and 1.15 kg m super(-2) (Y-DF), with 40% (PP) to 60% (DF) of fine roots located in the upper 20 cm. However, the upper 20 cm only accounted for 20% of total water depletion from the upper 2 m at peak water uptake, declining to 4-6% later in the season, illustrating the contribution of deeper roots to water uptake. Nevertheless, daily water uptake from the entire 2 m profile was strongly dependent on water potential at 20 cm, indicating that fine roots in the upper soil may play an important role in regulating water uptake through hydraulic effects on stomatal conductance. JF - Agricultural and Forest Meteorology AU - Warren, J M AU - Meinzer, F C AU - Brooks, J R AU - Domec, J C AD - USDA Forest Service, PNW Research Station, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA, jeffwarren@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 39 EP - 58 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 130 IS - 1-2 SN - 0168-1923, 0168-1923 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Root water uptake KW - Soil water modeling KW - Water retention curve KW - Hydraulic redistribution KW - Water potential KW - Volumetric water content KW - Douglas-fir KW - Ponderosa pine KW - Coniferous Forests KW - Hydraulics KW - Soil Texture KW - Roots KW - Stratification KW - Soil Water KW - Drought KW - Retention KW - INE, USA, Pacific Northwest KW - Water Use KW - Absorption KW - Water Depth KW - Soil-water-plant Relationships KW - Seasonal variability KW - Soil Profile KW - Recharge KW - Depletion KW - Conductance KW - USA, Pacific Northwest KW - Density KW - Water storage KW - Drying KW - Biomass KW - Soil moisture retention KW - Dynamics KW - Storage KW - Soil Water Potential KW - Profiles KW - Moisture Content KW - Soil moisture KW - Dry season KW - SW 0845:Water in soils KW - M2 556.14:Infiltration/Soil Moisture (556.14) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17365208?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agricultural+and+Forest+Meteorology&rft.atitle=Vertical+stratification+of+soil+water+storage+and+release+dynamics+in+Pacific+Northwest+coniferous+forests&rft.au=Warren%2C+J+M%3BMeinzer%2C+F+C%3BBrooks%2C+J+R%3BDomec%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Warren&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=130&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agricultural+and+Forest+Meteorology&rft.issn=01681923&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.agrformet.2005.01.004 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Water storage; Seasonal variability; Drought; Dry season; Soil moisture; Soil moisture retention; Recharge; Coniferous Forests; Hydraulics; Soil Texture; Conductance; Depletion; Density; Roots; Drying; Soil Water; Stratification; Biomass; Retention; Dynamics; Water Use; Storage; Soil Water Potential; Profiles; Water Depth; Absorption; Soil-water-plant Relationships; Moisture Content; Soil Profile; USA, Pacific Northwest; INE, USA, Pacific Northwest DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2005.01.004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measurement of Net Global Warming Potential in Three Agroecosystems AN - 17196376; 6872407 AB - When appraising the impact of food and fiber production systems on the composition of the Earth's atmosphere and the 'greenhouse' effect, the entire suite of biogenic greenhouse gases - carbon dioxide (CO sub(2)), methane (CH sub(4)), and nitrous oxide (N sub(2)O) - needs to be considered. Storage of atmospheric CO sub(2) into stable organic carbon pools in the soil can sequester CO sub(2) while common crop production practices can produce CO sub(2), generate N sub(2)O, and decrease the soil sink for atmospheric CH sub(4). The overall balance between the net exchange of these gases constitutes the net global warming potential (GWP) of a crop production system. Trace gas flux and soil organic carbon (SOC) storage data from long-term studies, a rainfed site in Michigan that contrasts conventional tillage (CT) and no-till (NT) cropping, a rainfed site in northeastern Colorado that compares cropping systems in NT, and an irrigated site in Colorado that compares tillage and crop rotations, are used to estimate net GWP from crop production systems. Nitrous oxide emissions comprised 40-44% of the GWP from both rain-fed sites and contributed 16-33% of GWP in the irrigated system. The energy used for irrigation was the dominant GWP source in the irrigated system. Whether a system is a sink or source of CO sub(2), i.e. net GWP, was controlled by the rate of SOC storage in all sites. SOC accumulation in the surface 7.5 cm of both rainfed continuous cropping systems was approximately 1100 kg CO sub(2) equivalents ha super(-1) y super(-1). Carbon accrual rates were about three times higher in the irrigated system. The rainfed systems had been in NT for >10 years while the irrigated system had been converted to NT 3 years before the start of this study. It remains to be seen if the C accrual rates decline with time in the irrigated system or if N sub(2)O emission rates decline or increase with time after conversion to NT. JF - Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems AU - Mosier, A R AU - Halvorson, AD AU - Peterson, G A AU - Robertson, G P AU - Sherrod, L AD - USDA - ARS, 2150 Centre Ave., Bldg. D, Fort Collins, CO, 80526, USA, arvin.mosier@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 67 EP - 76 PB - Springer-Verlag (Heidelberg), Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany, [mailto:subscriptions@springer.de], [URL:http://www.springer.de/] VL - 72 IS - 1 SN - 1385-1314, 1385-1314 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - crop rotation KW - Methane KW - Organic carbon KW - Climatic changes KW - Irrigation KW - Greenhouse effect KW - crop production KW - no-till cropping KW - Nutrient cycles KW - Atmosphere KW - Storage KW - USA, Colorado KW - Gases KW - Nitrous oxide KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - Emissions KW - Global warming KW - tillage KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Carbon dioxide KW - soil KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17196376?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nutrient+Cycling+in+Agroecosystems&rft.atitle=Measurement+of+Net+Global+Warming+Potential+in+Three+Agroecosystems&rft.au=Mosier%2C+A+R%3BHalvorson%2C+AD%3BPeterson%2C+G+A%3BRobertson%2C+G+P%3BSherrod%2C+L&rft.aulast=Mosier&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nutrient+Cycling+in+Agroecosystems&rft.issn=13851314&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10705-004-7356-0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - crop rotation; Methane; Irrigation; Climatic changes; Organic carbon; Greenhouse effect; no-till cropping; crop production; Atmosphere; Nutrient cycles; Storage; Gases; Nitrous oxide; Atmospheric chemistry; Emissions; Global warming; tillage; Carbon dioxide; Greenhouse gases; soil; USA, Colorado DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10705-004-7356-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Comparison of Hybridization between Mottled Ducks (Anas fulvigula)and Mallards (A. platyrhynchos) in Florida and South Carolina using Microsatellite DNA Analysis AN - 17149410; 6788805 AB - Interspecific hybridization has been implicated in population declines for some waterfowl species within the mallard complex, and hybridization with mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) is currently considered the largest threat to mottled ducks (A. fulvigula), one North American member of that complex. We assessed genetic variation among 225 mottled ducks and mallards using five microsatellite loci, and detected significant overall differences between these species within two geographic areas. We characterized hybridization in Florida, where mottled ducks are endemic and mallards are beginning to appear on the breeding grounds, and in South Carolina, where mottled ducks were introduced outside their native range. We used Bayesian genetic mixture analysis in an attempt to distinguish between these closely related species. In Florida, we detected two distinct genetic groups, and 10.9% of our samples from Florida mottled ducks were inferred to have been hybrids. In contrast only 3.4% of Florida mallards were inferred to have been hybrids, suggesting asymmetric hybridization. Populations from different geographic areas within Florida exhibited hybridization rates ranging from 0% to 24%. These data indicate a genetic component would be appropriate in actively managing interspecific hybridization in Florida mottled ducks. In contrast, South Carolina mottled ducks and mallards cannot be differentiated. JF - Conservation Genetics AU - Williams, Christen L AU - Brust, Richard C AU - Fendley, Timothy T AU - Tiller, Gerald R AU - Rhodes, Olin E AD - Purdue University, 47906, West Lafayette, IN, USA, christen.l.williams@usda.gov Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 445 EP - 453 PB - Springer-Verlag (Heidelberg), Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany, [mailto:subscriptions@springer.de], [URL:http://www.springer.de/] VL - 6 IS - 3 SN - 1566-0621, 1566-0621 KW - Mallard KW - Mottled duck KW - Ecology Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Genetics Abstracts KW - Anas fulvigula KW - Data processing KW - USA, Florida KW - Bayesian analysis KW - Interspecific hybridization KW - Microsatellites KW - Genetic diversity KW - Population decline KW - Anas platyrhynchos KW - USA, South Carolina KW - Breeding KW - Hybrids KW - Conservation genetics KW - D 04671:Birds KW - N 14845:Miscellaneous KW - G 07377:Birds UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17149410?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Conservation+Genetics&rft.atitle=A+Comparison+of+Hybridization+between+Mottled+Ducks+%28Anas+fulvigula%29and+Mallards+%28A.+platyrhynchos%29+in+Florida+and+South+Carolina+using+Microsatellite+DNA+Analysis&rft.au=Williams%2C+Christen+L%3BBrust%2C+Richard+C%3BFendley%2C+Timothy+T%3BTiller%2C+Gerald+R%3BRhodes%2C+Olin+E&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Christen&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=445&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Conservation+Genetics&rft.issn=15660621&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10592-005-4978-y LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data processing; Breeding; Bayesian analysis; Hybrids; Microsatellites; Interspecific hybridization; Genetic diversity; Population decline; Conservation genetics; Anas platyrhynchos; Anas fulvigula; USA, South Carolina; USA, Florida DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10592-005-4978-y ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Detection of plot-level changes in ectomycorrhizal communities across years in an old-growth mixed-conifer forest AN - 17100441; 6636654 AB - Understanding spatial and temporal patterns present in ectomycorrhizal fungal community structure is critical to understanding both the scale and duration of the potential impact these fungi have on the plant community. While recent studies consider the spatial structure of ectomycorrhizal communities, few studies consider how this changes over time. Ectomycorrhizal root biomass and the similarity of community composition were measured at scales up to 20 cm replicated in nine plots and over 3 yr. Soil cores were additionally stratified into three depths. Annual occurrence of the dominant ectomycorrhizal species was constant at larger spatial scales but varied more across years at a fine spatial scale. Turnover of ectomycorrhizal species between years was observed frequently at scales < 20 cm. The ectomycorrhizal community within a plot was more similar across years than it was to other plots sampled in the same year. Our results demonstrate the dynamic nature of the ectomycorrhizal community even in the absence of large-scale disturbances. The potential role of root turnover and drought stress is discussed. JF - New Phytologist AU - Izzo, Antonio AU - Agbowo, Josephine AU - Bruns, Thomas D Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 619 EP - 630 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ UK, [URL:http://www.blackwellpublishing.com] VL - 166 IS - 2 SN - 0028-646X, 0028-646X KW - Ecology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Soil KW - Community composition KW - Ectomycorrhizas KW - Community structure KW - Plant communities KW - Roots KW - Forests KW - Stress KW - Biomass KW - Droughts KW - D 04625:Plants - general KW - K 03010:Fungi KW - K 03096:Mycorrhiza UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17100441?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Phytologist&rft.atitle=Detection+of+plot-level+changes+in+ectomycorrhizal+communities+across+years+in+an+old-growth+mixed-conifer+forest&rft.au=Izzo%2C+Antonio%3BAgbowo%2C+Josephine%3BBruns%2C+Thomas+D&rft.aulast=Izzo&rft.aufirst=Antonio&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=166&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=619&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=New+Phytologist&rft.issn=0028646X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1469-8137.2005.01354.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-07-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Figures, 4; tables, 1; references, 54. N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Community composition; Community structure; Ectomycorrhizas; Plant communities; Stress; Forests; Roots; Biomass; Droughts DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01354.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Grapefruit Oil Enhances Attraction of Mexican Fruit Flies to a Synthetic Food-Odor Lure AN - 17063539; 6696790 AB - We investigated the attractiveness of grapefruit oil to the Mexican fruit fly. Only high concentrations were attractive in laboratory wind-tunnel bioassays. Attraction of flies to grapefruit oil was not enhanced if they had previous experience with grapefruit. In citrus orchard experiments, undiluted grapefruit oil attracted Mexican fruit flies and enhanced attraction to traps baited with a synthetic food-odor lure emitting ammonia and other nitrogenous chemicals. This is the first demonstration of host fruit odor increasing attraction to another type of attractive blend in Mexican fruit fly. These results indicate differences in the way the flies respond to undiluted grapefruit oil compared with previously tested fruit odors. JF - Journal of Chemical Ecology AU - Robacker, David C AU - Rios, Cirilo AD - Crop Quality and Fruit Insects Research, ARS, USDA, 2413 E. Highway 83, Building 200, Weslaco, TX, 78596, USA, drobacker@weslaco.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 1039 EP - 1049 PB - Springer-Verlag (Heidelberg), Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany, [mailto:subscriptions@springer.de], [URL:http://www.springer.de/] VL - 31 IS - 5 SN - 0098-0331, 0098-0331 KW - Mexican fruit fly KW - grapefruit KW - Ecology Abstracts; Animal Behavior Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts; Chemoreception Abstracts KW - Fruits KW - Anastrepha ludens KW - Food KW - Ammonia KW - Pest control KW - Orchards KW - Citrus paradisi KW - Oil KW - Odor KW - Traps KW - Essential oils KW - Nitrogen KW - Z 05207:Agricultural & general applied entomology KW - D 04710:Control KW - R 18053:Pest control KW - Y 25653:Insects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17063539?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Chemical+Ecology&rft.atitle=Grapefruit+Oil+Enhances+Attraction+of+Mexican+Fruit+Flies+to+a+Synthetic+Food-Odor+Lure&rft.au=Robacker%2C+David+C%3BRios%2C+Cirilo&rft.aulast=Robacker&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1039&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Chemical+Ecology&rft.issn=00980331&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10886-005-4246-0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Oil; Fruits; Ammonia; Food; Essential oils; Traps; Odor; Pest control; Orchards; Nitrogen; Anastrepha ludens; Citrus paradisi DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10886-005-4246-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Passive sampler for monitoring ambient nitric acid (HNO sub(3)) and nitrous acid (HNO sub(2)) concentrations AN - 16203858; 6447273 AB - A passive sampler for collection of gaseous nitric acid (HNO sub(3)) and nitrous acid (HNO sub(2)) is based on a diffusion of ambient air through Teflon membrane and absorption of the pollutants on Nylasorb nylon filter. The sampler is simple in design, easy to make, inexpensive and resistant to harsh weather conditions. The sampler has been calibrated against honeycomb denuder systems in ambient southern California air and in controlled HNO sub(3) exposures. It is more precise than the old open-face HNO sub(3) sampler. It can measure wide ranges of ambient HNO sub(2) and HNO sub(3) concentrations for extended periods of time and can be used for regional-scale monitoring of the pollutants. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Bytnerowicz, A AU - Sanz, MJ AU - Arbaugh, MJ AU - Padgett, P E AU - Jones, D P AU - Davila, A AD - USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, 4955 Canyon Crest Drive, Riverside, California 92507, USA, abytnerowicz@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 2655 EP - 2660 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 39 IS - 14 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Air pollution KW - Nitrogenous air pollutants KW - Passive sampler KW - Monitoring KW - Remote sites KW - Weather KW - Membranes KW - Atmospheric pollution KW - Atmospheric pollution monitoring KW - Weather conditions KW - Filters KW - Nitrous acid in atmosphere KW - Absorption KW - Air sampling KW - Nitric acid KW - USA, California KW - Nitric acid in atmosphere KW - Atmospheric pollution samplers KW - USA, California, South KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 551.508:Instruments (551.508) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16203858?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Passive+sampler+for+monitoring+ambient+nitric+acid+%28HNO+sub%283%29%29+and+nitrous+acid+%28HNO+sub%282%29%29+concentrations&rft.au=Bytnerowicz%2C+A%3BSanz%2C+MJ%3BArbaugh%2C+MJ%3BPadgett%2C+P+E%3BJones%2C+D+P%3BDavila%2C+A&rft.aulast=Bytnerowicz&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=179&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Forestry&rft.issn=00221201&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nitrous acid in atmosphere; Atmospheric pollution; Atmospheric pollution monitoring; Weather conditions; Nitric acid in atmosphere; Atmospheric pollution samplers; Filters; Weather; Membranes; Air sampling; Absorption; Nitric acid; USA, California; USA, California, South DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2005.01.018 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phosphorus Extractability of Soils Amended with Stockpiled and Composted Cattle Manure AN - 16197585; 6495152 AB - Managing fertilizer applications to maintain soil P below environmentally unacceptable levels should consider the contribution of manure and synthetic fertilizer sources to soluble and extractable forms of P. Our objective was to evaluate soil and manure characteristics and application rates on P extractability in recently amended soils. Five soils of the U.S. southern High Plains were amended with beef cattle manures, composted beef manure, and inorganic fertilizers [Ca(H sub(2)PO sub(4)) sub(2) or KH sub(2)PO sub(4)] at five rates and incubated under controlled conditions. Mehlich 3-, Olsen (NaHCO sub(3))-, Texas A&M extractant (TAM)-, and water-extractable P were determined for the soils after selected incubation periods. Except for TAM and some water extractions, P extractability as a function of total P applied was linear (P < 0.001) for a wide range of application rates. Mehlich-3, NaHCO sub(3), and water P extraction efficiencies of KH sub(2)PO sub(4)-amended soils averaged 22, 34, and 115% greater (P [<] 0.036), respectively, than efficiencies of soils amended with manures except for the Texline (calcareous) loam and Pullman clay loam soils. Phosphorus extraction efficiencies decreased with time for KH sub(2)PO sub(4)-amended soils (P < 0.05) but remained stable or increased for manure-amended soils during the 8-wk incubation period. Across all soils and manure sources, changes in water-extractable P per unit increase in Mehlich 3-, NaHCO sub(3)-, and TAM-extractable P averaged 100, 85, and 125% greater, respectively, for inorganic as compared with manure-amended soils. These source- dependent relationships limit the use of agronomic soil extractants to make correct inferences about water-extractable P and dissolved P in runoff. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Schwartz, R C AU - Dao, TH AD - USDA-ARS, Conservation and Production Research Laboratory, P.O. Drawer 10, Bushland, TX 79012-0010, rschwart@cprl.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 970 EP - 978 PB - American Society of Agronomy Inc., 677 S. Segoe Road Madison WI 53711 USA, [mailto:lhendrickson@agronomy.org] VL - 34 IS - 3 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Animal wastes KW - Manure KW - Clay KW - Phosphorus KW - Agrochemicals KW - Livestock KW - Fertilizers KW - Cattle KW - USA, Southern High Plains KW - Environmental quality KW - USA, Texas KW - Runoff KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16197585?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Phosphorus+Extractability+of+Soils+Amended+with+Stockpiled+and+Composted+Cattle+Manure&rft.au=Schwartz%2C+R+C%3BDao%2C+TH&rft.aulast=Schwartz&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=970&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fjeq2004.0317 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cattle; Fertilizers; Clay; Manure; Animal wastes; Phosphorus; Environmental quality; Agrochemicals; Runoff; Livestock; USA, Southern High Plains; USA, Texas DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2004.0317 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phosphate Adsorption by Ferrihydrite-Amended Soils AN - 16197390; 6495143 AB - New technology and approaches for reducing P in runoff from high sediment yield areas are essential due to implementation of increasingly rigorous water quality standards. The objectives of this research were to characterize ferrihydrite (Fe sub(5)HO sub(8) super(.)4H sub(2)O) in terms of its ability to adsorb P from soil solutions and relate its P adsorptive capacity to several soil properties that influence P mobility. A naturally occurring ferrihydrite, collected as an Fe oxide sludge by-product from a water treatment facility, was equilibrated with soil samples at equivalent rates of 0, 0.34, 3.36, 16.80, and 33.60 Mg ha super(-1) for a 60-d period. Individual 2-g subsamples of each soil were then equilibrated with 0, 5, 10, 20, and 40 mg kg super(-1) P in 20 mL of 0.01 M CaCl sub(2) on a reciprocating shaker for 24 h. After 24 h, P in solution was measured by colorimetric methods, and designated as final P concentrations. The data indicated that the unamended soils with a pH of 7.0. The final P concentrations, averaged for all initial P concentrations and ferrihydrite rates, ranged from 0.09 to 4.63 mg kg super(-1), and were most highly correlated with pH (r = 0.844; P [<] 0.01), oxalate-extractable Fe (r = -0.699; P [<] 0.10), and dithionite-extractable Fe (r = -0.639; P [<] 0.10) contents of the unamended soils. In terms of individual soils, correlation coefficients (r) for final P concentrations versus ferrihydrite amendment rates indicated a statistically significant (P [<] 0.001) negative relationship at all initial P concentrations for most A horizons. The r values for the high Fe oxide content B horizon soils did not show a statistically significant response to ferrihydrite additions. The results indicate that P adsorption, in soils amended with ferrihydrite, will be greatest under acid pH conditions below the ferrihydrite zero point of charge (pH 5.77), and low incipient Fe oxide contents. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Rhoton, F E AU - Bigham, J M AD - USDA-ARS, National Sedimentation Laboratory, 598 McElroy Drive, Oxford, MS 38655, frhoton@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 890 EP - 896 PB - American Society of Agronomy Inc., 677 S. Segoe Road Madison WI 53711 USA, [mailto:lhendrickson@agronomy.org] VL - 34 IS - 3 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Phosphates KW - Water treatment KW - Byproducts KW - Adsorption KW - Environmental quality KW - Water quality standards KW - pH KW - Runoff KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16197390?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Phosphate+Adsorption+by+Ferrihydrite-Amended+Soils&rft.au=Rhoton%2C+F+E%3BBigham%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Rhoton&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=890&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fjeq2004.0176 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Phosphates; Water treatment; Byproducts; Adsorption; Environmental quality; Water quality standards; Runoff; pH DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2004.0176 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A survey for phosphoglucose isomerase with lysyl aminopeptidase activity in Vibrionaceae and non-Vibrio pathogens AN - 17367117; 6473910 AB - Phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI) with a novel lysyl aminopeptidase (LysAP) activity was recently purified and characterized from Vibrio vulnificus. We showed that it cleaves the amino-terminal lysyl residue from des-Arg super(10)-kallidin to produce des-Arg super(9)-bradykinin, suggesting that it plays a role in virulence. A survey was conducted to determine the presence of this potential virulence-enhancing enzyme among twenty-three halotolerant human and fish pathogens from eleven species within the Vibrionaceae family, including V. vulnificus, V. parahaemolyticus, V. cholerae, Aeromonas hydrophila, and Plesiomonas shigelloides. In addition, fourteen species of non-Vibrionaceae pathogens were screened for LysAP activity. Cell lysates were partially purified by anion exchange chromatography and fractions were screened for LysAP and isomerase activities. PGI-LysAP activity was detected in chromatographic fractions from all the Vibrio species tested, but was not detected in any of the non-Vibrionaceae pathogens. Levels of isomerase and LysAP activity correlated (R super(2)=0.92) for nine strains of V. vulnificus. Since the Vibrionaceae represent an important family of human and fish pathogens, our identification of PGI-LysAP activity in a broad array of vibrios may lead to the development of improved analytical methods for their identification as well as interventions to reduce the high morbidity and mortality associated with some Vibrionaceae infections in clinical, veterinary, and aquaculture settings. JF - Biochimica et Biophysica Acta: Proteins and Proteomics AU - Richards, G P AU - Parveen, S AD - United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Microbial Food Safety Research Unit, Delaware State University, Dover, Delaware, 19901, USA Y1 - 2005/04/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Apr 15 SP - 128 EP - 133 VL - 1748 IS - 1 SN - 1570-9639, 1570-9639 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Mortality KW - Lysyl aminopeptidase KW - Anions KW - Chromatography KW - Vibrionaceae KW - Aeromonas hydrophila KW - Aquaculture KW - Morbidity KW - Virulence KW - Plesiomonas shigelloides KW - Vibrio vulnificus KW - Vibrio parahaemolyticus KW - phosphoglucose isomerase KW - proteomics KW - ActA protein KW - J 02728:Enzymes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17367117?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochimica+et+Biophysica+Acta%3A+Proteins+and+Proteomics&rft.atitle=A+survey+for+phosphoglucose+isomerase+with+lysyl+aminopeptidase+activity+in+Vibrionaceae+and+non-Vibrio+pathogens&rft.au=Richards%2C+G+P%3BParveen%2C+S&rft.aulast=Richards&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2005-04-15&rft.volume=1748&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=128&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochimica+et+Biophysica+Acta%3A+Proteins+and+Proteomics&rft.issn=15709639&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.bbapap.2004.12.013 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Virulence; Mortality; Anions; Lysyl aminopeptidase; Chromatography; phosphoglucose isomerase; proteomics; ActA protein; Aquaculture; Morbidity; Plesiomonas shigelloides; Vibrio vulnificus; Vibrio parahaemolyticus; Vibrionaceae; Aeromonas hydrophila DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbapap.2004.12.013 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity of Semiarid Soils: Combined Effects of Salinity, Sodicity, and Rate of Wetting AN - 19938697; 6500040 AB - Combined effects of soil conditions (wetting rate), soil sodicity, and salinity on soil saturated hydraulic conductivity (HC) have not been studied systematically and were the objective of our study. We examined the effects of (i) exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP, 1-20) and fast wetting (50 mm h super(-1)) and leaching with distilled water on the HC of 60 Israeli soils (7-70% clay); and (ii) wetting rate (2 or 50 mm h super(-1)), ESP and water salinity (distilled water or saline water, 2 dS m super(-1)) on the HC of 16 selected samples. Results of the first experiment showed that (i) steady state HC of medium- and fine-textured soils was lower than 2 cm h super(-1) already for nonsodic soils, and (ii) the adverse impact of sodicity on the HC strongly depended on soil texture. The second experiment revealed that in the loamy sand rate of wetting had no effect on the HC beyond that of sodicity and salinity. In the loam, sandy clay and clay soils a significant triple interaction among water quality, wetting rate and ESP in their effect on HC existed. In the absence of electrolytes, the impact of fast wetting (slaking) and swelling on the HC was most notable, mainly at the intermediate sodicity levels (ESP = 5-10). Use of saline water significantly reduced the impact of fast wetting and swelling on the HC. Our results suggested that combined effects of salinity, wetting rate, and sodicity on the HC were complex and should thus be considered simultaneously when estimating soil HC. JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Levy, G J AU - Goldstein, D AU - Mamedov, AI AD - USDA-ARS-MWA, National Soil Erosion Research Laboratory, West Lafayette, IN 47907, amrakh@purdue.edu Y1 - 2005/04/11/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Apr 11 SP - 653 EP - 662 VL - 69 IS - 3 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Hydraulics KW - water quality KW - Clay KW - Leaching KW - Soil Contamination KW - electrolytes KW - Permeability Coefficient KW - Saline Water KW - Clays KW - Soil KW - Sodium KW - Distilled Water KW - Salinity KW - soil texture KW - loam KW - Wetting KW - Sand KW - distilled water KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19938697?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=Saturated+Hydraulic+Conductivity+of+Semiarid+Soils%3A+Combined+Effects+of+Salinity%2C+Sodicity%2C+and+Rate+of+Wetting&rft.au=Levy%2C+G+J%3BGoldstein%2C+D%3BMamedov%2C+AI&rft.aulast=Levy&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2005-04-11&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=653&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fsssaj2004.0232 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sodium; Soil; water quality; Hydraulics; Salinity; loam; soil texture; Leaching; Clay; Sand; electrolytes; distilled water; Distilled Water; Soil Contamination; Wetting; Permeability Coefficient; Saline Water; Clays DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2004.0232 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field testing of paper/polymerized vegetable oil mulches for enhancing growth of eastern cottonwood trees for pulp AN - 20812995; 8247846 AB - Field studies of biodegradable polymerized vegetable oil-coated paper mulches were conducted to determine if these could replace non-degradable polyethylene mulches for stopping weeds and promoting growth of cottonwood trees. Tests were conducted over two growing seasons in two adjacent field sites in southeastern Missouri. At the end of the 2001 season, eastern cottonwood trees grown on the coated paper mulches had average heights (4.57-4.66m, 15.0-15.3ft), which were not significantly different from the control black polyethylene mulch (4.75m, 15.6ft). Tree heights were significantly less for uncoated paper mulch (4.45m, 14.6ft) or no mulch (3.90m, 12.8ft), presumably due to heavy weed growth around the trees. Uncoated paper mulch was extensively degraded after only about 4 weeks, while the coated paper persisted until the fall. Addition of ZnO to the oil coating delayed the onset of visible degradation, such as the formation of holes and tears, especially near the buried edge and above the drip tube. Similar results were seen for the 2002 study except that weed growth was not extensive so that tree heights for the mulched and bare plots were not significantly different. These results suggest that polymerized vegetable oil-coated paper mulches can function as effective mulches during the first year of tree growth, and thus, eliminate the need to use non-degradable polyethylene mulches. JF - Forest Ecology and Management AU - Shogren, R L AU - Rousseau, R J AD - National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, USDA/ARS, 1815 N. University Street, Peoria, IL 61604, USA, shogrerl@ncaur.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/04/05/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Apr 05 SP - 115 EP - 122 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 208 IS - 1-3 SN - 0378-1127, 0378-1127 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Oil KW - Forest management KW - Weeds KW - Mulches KW - Vegetables KW - Trees KW - Polyethylene KW - Pulp KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20812995?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forest+Ecology+and+Management&rft.atitle=Field+testing+of+paper%2Fpolymerized+vegetable+oil+mulches+for+enhancing+growth+of+eastern+cottonwood+trees+for+pulp&rft.au=Shogren%2C+R+L%3BRousseau%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Shogren&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2005-04-05&rft.volume=208&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=115&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Forest+Ecology+and+Management&rft.issn=03781127&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.foreco.2004.11.019 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mulches; Trees; Weeds; Vegetables; Polyethylene; Oil; Pulp; Forest management DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2004.11.019 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing temporal stability and spatial variability of soil water patterns with implications for precision water management AN - 17618706; 6198535 AB - The temporal stability of soil water content patterns may have profound implications for precision agriculture in general and water management in particular. Spatio-temporal variability in soil water was assessed over four fields in a two-year potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) rotation to determine the potato yield implications and the potential for precision water management based on a stable spatial pattern of soil water. A hammer-driven time domain reflectometry probe was used to measure soil water content repeatedly along 10 transects. Irrigated, un-irrigated, and late irrigated treatments were employed. The temporally stable soil water pattern was mapped and compared with elevation and soil particle size classifications. A temporal stability model explained 47% of the observed variability in soil water content. An additional 20% of the variability was attributed to random measurement error. Calibrated in 2002, the model predicted water content (root mean square error of 0.05m super(3)m super(-) super(3)) along transects in 2003 from a single measurement at the field edge. Field-scale trends and extended (>100m) wet and dry segments were observed along transects. Coarser particle size class soils were generally drier. Potato yield increased linearly with water content in un-irrigated areas. Yield was comparatively high in the drier areas for the irrigated treatment but was highly variable and frequently poor in the wetter areas. For the late-irrigated treatment, a strong yield response to added water was evident in the dry areas; however, the yield response was neutral to negative in the wetter areas. Knowledge of the underlying stable soil water distribution could provide a useful basis for precision water management. JF - Agricultural Water Management AU - Starr, G C AD - USDA-ARS-NEPSWL University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA, Gordon.Starr@maine.edu Y1 - 2005/04/02/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Apr 02 SP - 223 EP - 243 VL - 72 IS - 3 SN - 0378-3774, 0378-3774 KW - Barley KW - Potato KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - SW 4020:Evaluation process KW - M3 1130:Water KW - M2 556.14:Infiltration/Soil Moisture (556.14) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17618706?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agricultural+Water+Management&rft.atitle=Assessing+temporal+stability+and+spatial+variability+of+soil+water+patterns+with+implications+for+precision+water+management&rft.au=Starr%2C+G+C&rft.aulast=Starr&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2005-04-02&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=223&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agricultural+Water+Management&rft.issn=03783774&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.agwat.2004.09.020 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2004.09.020 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of alcohol on folate metabolism: implications for carcinogenesis. AN - 68430097; 16054985 AB - Epidemiologic observations implicate excess ethanol ingestion as well as low dietary folate intake as risk factors for several cancers. Moreover, the epidemiologic observations support the concept of a synergistic effect between these two factors. Such a relation is biologically plausible because ethanol impedes the bioavailability of dietary folate and is known to inhibit select folate-dependent biochemical reactions. For example, alcohol ingestion in animals is known to inhibit folate-mediated methionine synthesis and thereby may interrupt critical methylation processes that are mediated by the activated form of methionine that provides substrate for biologic methylation, S-adenosylmethionine. Consistent with this observed inhibition of methionine synthesis is the observation that chronic alcohol ingestion in laboratory animals is known to produce hypomethylation of DNA in the colonic mucosa, a constant feature of early colorectal neoplasia. Inhibition of methionine synthase also creates a "methylfolate trap," analogous to what occurs in vitamin B12 deficiency. In addition, some evidence indicates that alcohol may redirect the utilization of folate toward serine synthesis and thereby may interfere with a critical function of methylenetetrahydrofolate, thymidine synthesis. Although a mechanistic link between alcohol and impaired folate metabolism in the genesis of cancer is still not definitively established, such a link should be pursued in future studies because of the intimate metabolic relation between alcohol and folate metabolism. JF - Alcohol (Fayetteville, N.Y.) AU - Mason, Joel B AU - Choi, Sang-Woon AD - Vitamins and Carcinogenesis Laboratory, U.S.D.A. Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA. joel.mason@tufts.edu Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - 235 EP - 241 VL - 35 IS - 3 SN - 0741-8329, 0741-8329 KW - Central Nervous System Depressants KW - 0 KW - Ethanol KW - 3K9958V90M KW - Betaine KW - 3SCV180C9W KW - Folic Acid KW - 935E97BOY8 KW - Choline KW - N91BDP6H0X KW - Index Medicus KW - Choline -- pharmacology KW - Animals KW - Betaine -- pharmacology KW - Humans KW - Biological Availability KW - Ethanol -- adverse effects KW - Central Nervous System Depressants -- pharmacology KW - Folic Acid -- metabolism KW - Central Nervous System Depressants -- adverse effects KW - Ethanol -- pharmacology KW - Neoplasms -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68430097?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Alcohol+%28Fayetteville%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=Effects+of+alcohol+on+folate+metabolism%3A+implications+for+carcinogenesis.&rft.au=Mason%2C+Joel+B%3BChoi%2C+Sang-Woon&rft.aulast=Mason&rft.aufirst=Joel&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=235&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Alcohol+%28Fayetteville%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.issn=07418329&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-11-30 N1 - Date created - 2005-08-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Alcohol, vitamin A, and cancer. AN - 68429724; 16054987 AB - Chronic and excessive alcohol intake is associated with an increased risk of a variety of cancers (e.g., oral cavity, larynx, esophagus, liver, lung, colorectal, and breast). Retinoids (vitamin A and its derivatives) are known to exert profound effects on cellular growth, cellular differentiation, and apoptosis, thereby controlling carcinogenesis. Lower hepatic vitamin A levels have been well documented in alcoholics. Substantial research has been done, investigating the mechanisms by which excessive alcohol interferes with retinoid metabolism. More specifically, (1) alcohol acts as a competitive inhibitor of vitamin A oxidation to retinoic acid involving alcohol dehydrogenases and acetaldehyde dehydrogenases; (2) alcohol-induced cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP), particularly CYP2E1, enhance catabolism of vitamin A and retinoic acid; and (3) alcohol alters retinoid homeostasis by increasing vitamin A mobilization from liver to extrahepatic tissues. As a consequence, long-term and excessive alcohol intake results in impaired status of retinoic acid, the most active derivative of vitamin A and a ligand for both retinoic acid receptors and retinoid X receptors. Moreover, this alcohol-impaired retinoic acid homeostasis interferes with (1) retinoic acid signaling (e.g., down-regulates retinoid target gene expression) and (2) retinoic acid "cross-talk" with the mitogen-activated protein kinase [(MAPK), including Jun N-terminal kinase, extracellular signal-regulated kinase, and p38 kinase] signaling pathway. In addition, restoration of retinoic acid homeostasis by retinoic acid supplementation restored the normal status of both retinoid and MAPK signaling, thereby maintaining normal cell proliferation and apoptosis in alcohol-fed animals. These observations would have implications for the prevention of alcohol-promoted liver (and peripheral tissue) carcinogenesis. However, a better understanding of the alcohol-retinoid interaction and the molecular mechanisms involved is needed before retinoids can be pursued in the prevention of alcohol-related carcinogenesis in human beings, particularly regarding the detrimental effects of polar metabolites of vitamin A. JF - Alcohol (Fayetteville, N.Y.) AU - Wang, Xiang-Dong AD - Nutrition and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA. xiang-dong.wang@tufts.edu Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - 251 EP - 258 VL - 35 IS - 3 SN - 0741-8329, 0741-8329 KW - Central Nervous System Depressants KW - 0 KW - Vitamin A KW - 11103-57-4 KW - Ethanol KW - 3K9958V90M KW - Index Medicus KW - Signal Transduction -- physiology KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Homeostasis -- physiology KW - Ethanol -- adverse effects KW - Central Nervous System Depressants -- adverse effects KW - Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Vitamin A -- physiology KW - Vitamin A -- metabolism KW - Neoplasms -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68429724?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Plant+Growth+Regulation&rft.atitle=Transgenic+Tomato+Plants+with+a+Modified+Ability+to+Synthesize+Indole-3-acetyl-+beta+-1-O-D+-glucose&rft.au=Iyer%2C+Mridula%3BSlovin%2C+Janet+P%3BEpstein%2C+Ephraim%3BCohen%2C+Jerry+D&rft.aulast=Iyer&rft.aufirst=Mridula&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=142&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Plant+Growth+Regulation&rft.issn=07217595&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00344-004-0007-5 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-11-30 N1 - Date created - 2005-08-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Virulence of fungal spores determined by tracheal inoculation of goats following inhalation of aerosolized sterile feedyard dust. AN - 67842616; 15900941 AB - To compare the virulence of spores of 7 fungi by tracheal inoculation of goats following exposure of goats to an aerosol of sterilized feedyard dust. Animals-54 weanling Boer-Spanish goats. A prospective randomized controlled study was conducted. There were 7 fungal treatment groups, a tent control group, and a pen control group (n = 6 goats/group). Goats in the 7 treatment and tent control groups were exposed to autoclaved aerosolized feedyard dust for 4 hours in a specially constructed tent. Goats in the 7 treatment groups were then inoculated intratracheally with 30 mL of a fungal spore preparation, whereas tent control goats were intratracheally inoculated with 30 mL of physiologic saline (0.9% NaCI) solution. These treatments were repeated each week for 6 weeks. Severity of pathologic changes differed significantly among the 7 fungal treatment groups as determined on the basis of gross atelectatic and consolidated lung lesions and histologic lesions of the lungs. Descending order for severity of lesions was Mucor ramosissimus, Trichoderma viride, Chaetomium globosum, Stachybotrys chartarum, Aspergillus fumigatus, Penicillium chrysogenum, and Monotospora lanuginosa. Trichoderma viride spores were the most invasive and were isolated from the bronchial lymph nodes and thoracic fluid of all 6 goats administered this organism. Spores were observed-histologically in lung tissues harvested 72 hours after inoculation from all treatment groups. 4 of 7 fungal spore types induced significantly larger lung lesions, compared with those induced by the other 3 spore types or those evident in control goats. JF - American journal of veterinary research AU - Purdy, Charles W AU - Layton, Robert C AU - Straus, David C AU - Ayers, J R AD - USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Conservation and Production Research Laboratory, 2300 Experiment Rd, PO Drawer 10, Bushland, TX 79012, USA. Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - 615 EP - 622 VL - 66 IS - 4 SN - 0002-9645, 0002-9645 KW - Dust KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Virulence KW - Spores, Fungal -- pathogenicity KW - Animals KW - Prospective Studies KW - Body Temperature KW - Random Allocation KW - Goats KW - Air Microbiology KW - Leukocyte Count -- veterinary KW - Lung Diseases, Fungal -- microbiology KW - Lung Diseases, Fungal -- veterinary KW - Lung Diseases, Fungal -- pathology KW - Mitosporic Fungi -- pathogenicity KW - Goat Diseases -- pathology KW - Goat Diseases -- microbiology KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67842616?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+veterinary+research&rft.atitle=Virulence+of+fungal+spores+determined+by+tracheal+inoculation+of+goats+following+inhalation+of+aerosolized+sterile+feedyard+dust.&rft.au=Purdy%2C+Charles+W%3BLayton%2C+Robert+C%3BStraus%2C+David+C%3BAyers%2C+J+R&rft.aulast=Purdy&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=615&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+veterinary+research&rft.issn=00029645&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-06-07 N1 - Date created - 2005-05-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carbaryl resistance in Mexican strains of the southern cattle tick (Acari: Ixodidae). AN - 67824567; 15889748 AB - Susceptibility to carbaryl in six Mexican strains of the southern cattle tick, Boophilus microplus (Canestrini), was evaluated with the Food and Agricultural Organization larval packet test. Tick strains from the cattle fever tick quarantine zone in Texas were more susceptible to carbaryl than to coumaphos or diazinon. Compared with the susceptible reference (Gonzalez) strain, Mexican tick strains demonstrated 10.9-59.5-fold resistance to carbaryl. Significant cross-resistance was found between carbaryl and the organophosphate acaricides coumaphos and diazinon. Bioassay results with synergists suggested that metabolic detoxification mechanisms did not play a major role in carbaryl resistance. Resistance to carbaryl was likely conferred by insensitive acetylcholinesterase. The implications of carbaryl resistance in tick eradication and control also are discussed. JF - Journal of economic entomology AU - Li, Andrew Y AU - Davey, L Ronald B AU - George, John E AD - USDA-ARS, Knipling-Bushland U.S. Livestock Insects Research Laboratory, 2700 Fredricksburg Rd., Kerrville, TX 78028, USA. andrew.li@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - 552 EP - 556 VL - 98 IS - 2 SN - 0022-0493, 0022-0493 KW - Insecticides KW - 0 KW - Acetylcholinesterase KW - EC 3.1.1.7 KW - Carbaryl KW - R890C8J3N1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cattle KW - Mexico KW - Insecticide Resistance KW - Ixodidae UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67824567?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+vector+ecology+%3A+journal+of+the+Society+for+Vector+Ecology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+forced+egg-retention+in+Aedes+albopictus+on+adult+survival+and+reproduction+following+application+of+DEET+as+an+oviposition+deterrent.&rft.au=Xue%2C+Rui-De%3BAli%2C+Arshad%3BBarnard%2C+D+R&rft.aulast=Xue&rft.aufirst=Rui-De&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=45&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+vector+ecology+%3A+journal+of+the+Society+for+Vector+Ecology&rft.issn=10811710&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-06-07 N1 - Date created - 2005-05-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of Summon Preferred Food Source on feeding, tunneling, and bait station discovery by the formosan subterranean termite (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae). AN - 67821854; 15889744 AB - This study evaluated the effect of Summon Preferred Food Source on feeding, tunneling, and bait station discovery by the Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki. Bioassays were conducted to determine whether Summon disks affected the aggregation and feeding behavior of termites and to determine whether the presence of Summon disks caused increased recruitment of termites to wood blocks. When termites encountered the disk, they immediately clustered on top of the disk. Termites were observed aggregating on top of the disk throughout the experiment. Consumption of Summon disks was significantly greater than consumption of cardboard disks in paired choice tests. The presence of a Summon disk on top of a wood block caused a significant increase in consumption of the wood block. Bioassays also were conducted to determine whether water extracts of Summon disks affected termite behavior. Consumption of filter paper disks treated with a water extract of Summon disks was significantly greater than consumption of control filter paper disks. Termites tunneled through sand treated with a water extract of Summon disks faster than they tunneled through untreated sand. In a field test, the rate of infestation of monitoring stations with a Summon disk was 3 times greater than the rate of infestations of stations without a disk. JF - Journal of economic entomology AU - Cornelius, Mary L AU - Lax, Alan R AD - USDA-ARS, Southern Regional Research Center, 1100 Robert E. Lee Boulevard, New Orleans, LA 70124 , USA. Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - 502 EP - 508 VL - 98 IS - 2 SN - 0022-0493, 0022-0493 KW - Insecticides KW - 0 KW - Pheromones KW - insect attractants KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Wood KW - Insect Control -- methods KW - Food KW - Behavior, Animal -- physiology KW - Isoptera -- physiology KW - Feeding Behavior UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67821854?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+economic+entomology&rft.atitle=Effect+of+Summon+Preferred+Food+Source+on+feeding%2C+tunneling%2C+and+bait+station+discovery+by+the+formosan+subterranean+termite+%28Isoptera%3A+Rhinotermitidae%29.&rft.au=Cornelius%2C+Mary+L%3BLax%2C+Alan+R&rft.aulast=Cornelius&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=98&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=502&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+economic+entomology&rft.issn=00220493&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-06-07 N1 - Date created - 2005-05-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Alternatives to antibiotics: utilization of bacteriophage to treat colibacillosis and prevent foodborne pathogens. AN - 67771921; 15844825 AB - Bacteriophages are viruses that infect and kill bacteria. Bacteriophage do not infect animal and plant cells, which makes them a potentially safe alternative to antibiotics. We have been conducting research on the efficacy of bacteriophage to prevent and treat colibacillosis in poultry. Bacteriophages that were lytic to a non-motile, serotype 02 isolate of Escherichia coli were isolated from municipal wastewater treatment plants and poultry processing plants. This E. coli isolate is pathogenic to poultry, causing severe respiratory and systemic infections. Two bacteriophage isolates were selected for use in studies designed to determine the efficacy of these bacteriophage to prevent and treat severe colibacillosis in poultry. Colibacillosis was induced by injecting 6 x 10(4) cfu of E. coli into the thoracic air sac when birds were 1 wk of age. Initial studies demonstrated that mortality was significantly reduced from 85 to 35% when the challenge culture was mixed with equal titers of bacteriophage, and the birds were completely protected when the challenge culture was mixed with 10 pfu of bacteriophage. In subsequent studies, we have shown that an aerosol spray of bacteriophage given to birds prior to this E. coli challenge could significantly reduce mortality even when given 3 d prior to the E. coli challenge. Our research on treating colibacillosis in poultry has demonstrated that an intramuscular injection of bacteriophage given 24 or 48 h after the birds were challenged rescued the birds from this severe E. coli infection. We have demonstrated that bacteriophage can be used to prevent and treat colibacillosis in poultry and may provide an effective alternative to antibiotic use in animal production. JF - Poultry science AU - Huff, W E AU - Huff, G R AU - Rath, N C AU - Balog, J M AU - Donoghue, A M AD - Poultry Production and Product Safety Research Unit, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Poultry Science Center, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, USA. huff@uark.edu Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - 655 EP - 659 VL - 84 IS - 4 SN - 0032-5791, 0032-5791 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Animal Feed KW - Food Microbiology KW - Poultry Diseases -- therapy KW - Poultry Diseases -- prevention & control KW - Escherichia coli Infections -- veterinary KW - Poultry Diseases -- microbiology KW - Chickens -- microbiology KW - Coliphages KW - Escherichia coli Infections -- prevention & control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67771921?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Poultry+science&rft.atitle=Alternatives+to+antibiotics%3A+utilization+of+bacteriophage+to+treat+colibacillosis+and+prevent+foodborne+pathogens.&rft.au=Huff%2C+W+E%3BHuff%2C+G+R%3BRath%2C+N+C%3BBalog%2C+J+M%3BDonoghue%2C+A+M&rft.aulast=Huff&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=655&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Poultry+science&rft.issn=00325791&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-06-07 N1 - Date created - 2005-04-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Penetration of Salmonella enteritidis and Salmonella heidelberg into egg yolks in an in vitro contamination model. AN - 67769592; 15844820 AB - Eggs that harbor Salmonella in their edible contents pose a significant risk of transmitting disease to consumers. Although Salmonella deposition inside yolks does not usually occur at a high frequency in naturally contaminated eggs, bacterial penetration through the vitelline membrane could lead to rapid and extensive multiplication in the nutrient-rich yolk contents. The present study used an in vitro egg contamination model to assess the ability of Salmonella strains to penetrate the vitelline membrane and multiply inside yolks. An S. enteritidis strain and 2 Salmonella heidelberg strains, initially inoculated onto the outside of the vitelline membrane, were able to enter the yolk contents (at frequencies ranging from 10 to 25% of experimentally contaminated eggs) during 24 h of incubation at 30 degrees C. Variants of these parent strains, obtained by in vivo passage into eggs laid by infected hens, penetrated the yolk membrane at significantly higher frequencies. These results demonstrate that pathogens such as S. enteritidis and S. heidelberg can penetrate into and begin to multiply inside the yolks of contaminated eggs during the first day of storage at warm temperatures. JF - Poultry science AU - Gast, R K AU - Holt, P S AU - Murase, T AD - United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, Athens, Georgia 30605, USA. rgast@seprl.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - 621 EP - 625 VL - 84 IS - 4 SN - 0032-5791, 0032-5791 KW - Index Medicus KW - Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms KW - Animals KW - Salmonella enteritidis -- physiology KW - Chickens KW - Food Microbiology KW - Vitelline Membrane -- physiology KW - Salmonella -- physiology KW - Egg Yolk -- microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67769592?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Ecology&rft.atitle=Host+plant-associated+genetic+differentiation+in+the+snakeweed+grasshopper%2C+Hesperotettix+viridis+%28Orthoptera%3A+Acrididae%29&rft.au=Sword%2C+G+A%3BJoern%2C+A%3BSenior%2C+L+B&rft.aulast=Sword&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=2197&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+Ecology&rft.issn=09621083&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-294X.2005.02546.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-06-07 N1 - Date created - 2005-04-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Novel preharvest strategies involving the use of experimental chlorate preparations and nitro-based compounds to prevent colonization of food-producing animals by foodborne pathogens. AN - 67767431; 15844824 AB - Foodborne diseases caused by enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Campylobacter species are of public health and economic significance. Shedding of these pathogens during production and slaughter are risks for contamination of products for human consumption. Consequently, strategies are sought to prevent or reduce the carriage of these pathogens in food animals before slaughter. Experimental products containing chlorate salts have been proven efficacious in reducing concentrations of E. coli and Salmonella Typhimurium in the gut of cattle, sheep, swine, and poultry when administered as feed or water additives. Mechanistically, chlorate selectively targets bacteria expressing respiratory nitrate reductase activity, such as most members of the family Enterobacteriaceae, as this enzyme catalyzes the reduction of chlorate to lethal chlorite. Most beneficial gut bacteria lack respiratory nitrate reductase activity, and thus the technology appears compatible with many bacteria exhibiting competitive exclusion capabilities. More recently, select nitrocompounds have been investigated as potential feed additives, and although these nitrocompounds significantly reduce pathogens on their own, evidence indicates that they may most effectively be used to complement the bactericidal activity of chlorate. A particularly attractive aspect of the nitrocompound technology is that, as potent inhibitors of ruminal methanogenesis, they may allow producers the opportunity to recoup costs associated with their use. At present, neither chlorate nor the nitrocompounds have been approved as feed additives by the US Food and Drug Administration, and consequently they are not yet available for commercial use. JF - Poultry science AU - Anderson, R C AU - Harvey, R B AU - Byrd, J A AU - Callaway, T R AU - Genovese, K J AU - Edrington, T S AU - Jung, Y S AU - McReynolds, J L AU - Nisbet, D J AD - United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, Food and Feed Safety Research Unit, College Station, Texas 77845, USA. anderson@ffsru.tamu.edu Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - 649 EP - 654 VL - 84 IS - 4 SN - 0032-5791, 0032-5791 KW - Chlorates KW - 0 KW - Nitrogen Compounds KW - Index Medicus KW - Swine KW - Animals KW - Chickens KW - Cattle KW - Sheep KW - Humans KW - Food Microbiology -- standards KW - Animal Feed KW - Nitrogen Compounds -- administration & dosage KW - Animal Husbandry KW - Chlorates -- pharmacology KW - Chlorates -- administration & dosage KW - Nitrogen Compounds -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67767431?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mycopathologia&rft.atitle=Comparative+pathologic+changes+in+broiler+chicks+on+feed+amended+with+Fusarium+proliferatum+culture+material+or+purified+fumonisin+B+sub%281%29+and+moniliformin&rft.au=Javed%2C+T%3BBunte%2C+R+M%3BDombrink-Kurtzman%2C+MA%3BRichard%2C+J+L%3BBennett%2C+G+A%3BCote%2C+L+M%3BBuck%2C+W+B&rft.aulast=Javed&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=159&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=553&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mycopathologia&rft.issn=0301486X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11046-005-4518-9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-06-07 N1 - Date created - 2005-04-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An assessment of pasteurization treatment of water, media, and milk with respect to Bacillus spores. AN - 67749413; 15830666 AB - This study evaluated the ability of spore-forming Bacillus spp. to resist milk pasteurization conditions from 72 to 150 degrees C. Spores from the avirulent surrogate Sterne strain of Bacillus anthracis, as well as a representative strain of a common milk contaminant that is also a pathogen, Bacillus cereus ATCC 9818, were heated at test temperatures for up to 90 min in dH2O, brain heart infusion broth, or skim milk. In skim milk, characteristic log reductions (log CFU per milliliter) for B. anthracis spores were 0.45 after 90 min at 72 degrees C, 0.39 after 90 min at 78 degrees C, 8.10 after 60 min at 100 degrees C, 7.74 after 2 min at 130 degrees C, and 7.43 after 0.5 min at 150 degrees C. Likewise, log reductions (log CFU per milliliter) for viable spores of B. cereus ATCC 9818 in skim milk were 0.39 after 90 min at 72 degrees C, 0.21 after 60 min at 78 degrees C, 7.62 after 60 min at 100 degrees C, 7.37 after 2 min at 130 degrees C, and 7.53 after 0.5 min at 150 degrees C. No significant differences (P < 0.05) in thermal resistance were observed for comparisons of spores heated in dH2O or brain heart infusion broth compared with results observed in skim milk for either strain tested. However, spores from both strains were highly resistant (P < 0.05) to the pasteurization temperatures tested. As such, pasteurization alone would not ensure complete inactivation of these spore-forming pathogens in dH2O, synthetic media, or skim milk. JF - Journal of food protection AU - Novak, John S AU - Call, Jeffrey AU - Tomasula, Peggy AU - Luchansky, John B AD - Microbial Food Safety Research Unit, US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, Wyndmoor, Pennsylvania 19038, USA. Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - 751 EP - 757 VL - 68 IS - 4 SN - 0362-028X, 0362-028X KW - Culture Media KW - 0 KW - Water KW - 059QF0KO0R KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Water -- metabolism KW - Food Microbiology KW - Consumer Product Safety KW - Bacillus cereus -- physiology KW - Food Contamination -- analysis KW - Temperature KW - Spores, Bacterial -- growth & development KW - Colony Count, Microbial KW - Time Factors KW - Bacillus cereus -- growth & development KW - Culture Media -- chemistry KW - Bacillus -- growth & development KW - Milk -- microbiology KW - Hot Temperature -- adverse effects KW - Bacillus -- physiology KW - Food Preservation -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67749413?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.atitle=An+assessment+of+pasteurization+treatment+of+water%2C+media%2C+and+milk+with+respect+to+Bacillus+spores.&rft.au=Novak%2C+John+S%3BCall%2C+Jeffrey%3BTomasula%2C+Peggy%3BLuchansky%2C+John+B&rft.aulast=Novak&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=751&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.issn=0362028X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-05-19 N1 - Date created - 2005-04-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Salmonella in dairy operations in the United States: prevalence and antimicrobial drug susceptibility. AN - 67745875; 15830658 AB - Salmonella serotypes are important foodborne pathogens of humans that can be acquired through consumption of contaminated meat and dairy products. Salmonella infection also can be a significant animal health issue. As part of a national study of U.S. dairy operations conducted between March and September 2002, fecal samples were collected from representative cows in 97 dairy herds in 21 states and were cultured to determine the prevalence of Salmonella shedding. Salmonella was recovered from the feces of at least one cow in 30.9% of the herds. Overall, 7.3% of fecal samples were culture positive for Salmonella. The three most frequently recovered serotypes were Salmonella Meleagridis (24.1%), Salmonella Montevideo (11.9%), and Salmonella Typhimurium (9.9%). The susceptibilities of Salmonella isolates recovered were determined using a panel of 16 antimicrobial drugs. Salmonella isolates recovered from dairy cows had relatively little resistance to these antimicrobial agents; 83.0% of the isolates were susceptible to all antimicrobials tested. This study provides updated information on the prevalence and susceptibility patterns of Salmonella in dairy herds and on cow and herd characteristics. These data contribute to our understanding of the ecology of Salmonella in the dairy farm environment. JF - Journal of food protection AU - Blau, D M AU - McCluskey, B J AU - Ladely, S R AU - Dargatz, D A AU - Fedorka-Cray, P J AU - Ferris, K E AU - Headrick, M L AD - Centers for Epidemiology and Animal Health, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, US Department of Agriculture, Fort Collins, Colorado 80526-8117, USA. Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - 696 EP - 702 VL - 68 IS - 4 SN - 0362-028X, 0362-028X KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cattle KW - Dairy Products -- microbiology KW - Drug Resistance, Bacterial KW - Food Contamination -- analysis KW - Serotyping KW - Colony Count, Microbial KW - Meat -- microbiology KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Microbial Sensitivity Tests KW - Prevalence KW - Salmonella Infections, Animal -- microbiology KW - Feces -- microbiology KW - Salmonella -- drug effects KW - Dairying -- methods KW - Cattle Diseases -- epidemiology KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents -- pharmacology KW - Salmonella -- isolation & purification KW - Cattle Diseases -- microbiology KW - Salmonella Infections, Animal -- epidemiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67745875?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.atitle=Salmonella+in+dairy+operations+in+the+United+States%3A+prevalence+and+antimicrobial+drug+susceptibility.&rft.au=Blau%2C+D+M%3BMcCluskey%2C+B+J%3BLadely%2C+S+R%3BDargatz%2C+D+A%3BFedorka-Cray%2C+P+J%3BFerris%2C+K+E%3BHeadrick%2C+M+L&rft.aulast=Blau&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=696&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.issn=0362028X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-05-19 N1 - Date created - 2005-04-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Growth of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis in albumen and yolk contents of eggs inoculated with this organism onto the vitelline membrane. AN - 67745024; 15830661 AB - By using an in vitro model simulating the potential opportunities for Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (SE) to proliferate within eggs contaminated with this organism following oviposition, we investigated growth of SE in eggs. Seventy to 140 CFU of one of three SE strains originating either from egg contents, chicken meat, or a human infection were experimentally inoculated onto the vitelline membrane of eggs collected from specific-pathogen-free flocks of chickens and incubated at 25 degrees C. SE organisms were detected in 6 of 71 yolk contents of the eggs inoculated with any of the test strains attaining levels ranging from 2.0 x 10(2) to 4.2 x 10(8) CFU/ml by day 6. The organisms were also detected in the albumen from 38 of 55 eggs tested, growing to levels ranging from 1.0 x 10(2) to 4.3 x 10(8) CFU/ml by day 6 after inoculation. An additional three yolk contents and 15 albumen samples were culture positive for SE following enrichment. There was no correlation between the number of the organisms in the yolk contents and that in the albumen from each of the eggs. When 73 to 91 CFU of the egg strain were inoculated into samples of separated albumen obtained from eggs that were stored at 4 degrees C for 1 to 4 weeks or at 25 degrees C for 1 week, slight growth (3.0 x 10(2) to 7.4 x 10(3) CFU/ml) was found in only 3 of the 60 albumen samples by day 6 after inoculation, but the organisms were recovered from 52 samples following enrichment. The results suggest that the environment on or near the vitelline membrane can be conducive to SE proliferation over time. JF - Journal of food protection AU - Murase, Toshiyuki AU - Holt, Peter S AU - Gast, Richard K AD - Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, US Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Athens, Georgia 30605, USA. murase@muses.tottori-u.ac.jp Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - 718 EP - 721 VL - 68 IS - 4 SN - 0362-028X, 0362-028X KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Chickens KW - Temperature KW - Colony Count, Microbial KW - Time Factors KW - Food Microbiology KW - Salmonella enteritidis -- growth & development KW - Egg Yolk -- microbiology KW - Egg White -- microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67745024?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.atitle=Growth+of+Salmonella+enterica+serovar+Enteritidis+in+albumen+and+yolk+contents+of+eggs+inoculated+with+this+organism+onto+the+vitelline+membrane.&rft.au=Murase%2C+Toshiyuki%3BHolt%2C+Peter+S%3BGast%2C+Richard+K&rft.aulast=Murase&rft.aufirst=Toshiyuki&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=718&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.issn=0362028X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-05-19 N1 - Date created - 2005-04-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cutaneous antibodies from channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque), immune to Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (Ich) may induce apoptosis of Ich theronts. AN - 67715308; 15813863 AB - This study explored the existence of apoptosis (programmed cell death) in Ichthyophthirius multifiliis Fouquet (Ich) theronts and determined the effect of cutaneous antibodies in skin culture fluid from fish immune to Ich on theront apoptosis. Apoptosis was detected in theronts and was clearly distinguished by fluorescent microscopy after staining with acridine orange and propidium iodide. The apoptotic theronts showed characteristic chromatin condensation and nuclear fragments containing chromatin pieces. The externalization of phosphatidylserine on the plasma membrane of apoptotic theronts was detected with fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated annexin using flow cytometry. Theront apoptosis was induced using the skin culture fluid from fish immune to Ich, which contained cutaneous antibodies against Ich. The highest apoptosis appeared in theronts exposed to immune skin culture fluid at a 1:10 dilution, compared with those at 1:20 and 1:40 dilutions. A direct correlation was noted between the percentage of apoptotic theronts and exposure duration to immune skin culture fluid. The study indicated that antibody reaction with theronts (immobilization) played an important role in theront apoptosis, but it could not be excluded that other components released from the excised skin had effects on theronts. JF - Journal of fish diseases AU - Xu, D-H AU - Klesius, P H AU - Shoemaker, C A AD - Aquatic Animal Health Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Auburn, AL 36831, USA. dxu@msa-stoneville.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - 213 EP - 220 VL - 28 IS - 4 SN - 0140-7775, 0140-7775 KW - Annexins KW - 0 KW - Antibodies, Protozoan KW - Chromatin KW - Phosphatidylserines KW - Propidium KW - 36015-30-2 KW - Acridine Orange KW - F30N4O6XVV KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Phosphatidylserines -- metabolism KW - Chromatin -- drug effects KW - Chromatin -- physiology KW - Flow Cytometry KW - Ciliophora Infections -- immunology KW - Skin Diseases -- immunology KW - Antibodies, Protozoan -- pharmacology KW - Ictaluridae KW - Hymenostomatida -- drug effects KW - Fish Diseases -- parasitology KW - Antibodies, Protozoan -- immunology KW - Apoptosis -- drug effects KW - Fish Diseases -- immunology KW - Skin Diseases -- veterinary KW - Ciliophora Infections -- veterinary KW - Skin Diseases -- parasitology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67715308?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+fish+diseases&rft.atitle=Cutaneous+antibodies+from+channel+catfish%2C+Ictalurus+punctatus+%28Rafinesque%29%2C+immune+to+Ichthyophthirius+multifiliis+%28Ich%29+may+induce+apoptosis+of+Ich+theronts.&rft.au=Xu%2C+D-H%3BKlesius%2C+P+H%3BShoemaker%2C+C+A&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=D-H&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=213&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+fish+diseases&rft.issn=01407775&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-06-07 N1 - Date created - 2005-04-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - SlyA regulates the collagenase-mediated cytopathic phenotype in multiresistant Salmonella. AN - 67562053; 15797813 AB - Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium phagetype DT104 (DT104) is a foodborne pathogen with a multiresistant phenotype conferred by a genomic-based integron structure designated as SGI1. Recently, a novel cytopathic phenotype was ascribed to several isolates of DT104 recovered from veal calves. This phenotype is dependent upon clg, a gene encoding a collagenase in Salmonella. Using a novel transposon system and an RT-PCR assay for detection of clg expression, we identified SlyA as a regulator of the collagenase-mediated phenotype. The function of SlyA, in regards to clg expression, is to repress the synthesis of Clg. Derepression ensued in the absence of SlyA or in the presence of a truncated version of SlyA with the latter being relevant for maintenance of another virulence aspect mediated by SlyA, i.e. survival within macrophages. The SlyA-mediated effect on clg expression was restricted to DT104 and other Salmonella phagetypes and serotypes possessing SGI1 thus suggesting co-regulation by an SGI1-specific component. JF - Microbial pathogenesis AU - Carlson, Steve A AU - McCuddin, Zoe P AU - Wu, Max T AD - Preharvest Food Safety and Enteric Disease Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, 2300 Dayton Road, Box 70, Ames, IA 50010, USA. scarlson@nadc.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - 181 EP - 187 VL - 38 IS - 4 SN - 0882-4010, 0882-4010 KW - Bacterial Proteins KW - 0 KW - DNA Transposable Elements KW - RNA, Bacterial KW - Transcription Factors KW - Collagenases KW - EC 3.4.24.- KW - Index Medicus KW - Salmonella Infections, Animal -- microbiology KW - Animals KW - Transcription Factors -- metabolism KW - Humans KW - RNA, Bacterial -- genetics KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial KW - Transcription Factors -- genetics KW - Base Sequence KW - Cattle KW - Sequence Alignment KW - Integrons KW - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction -- veterinary KW - RNA, Bacterial -- chemistry KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - DNA Transposable Elements -- genetics KW - Cattle Diseases -- microbiology KW - Cell Line KW - Mutagenesis, Insertional KW - Collagenases -- genetics KW - Bacterial Proteins -- genetics KW - Bacterial Proteins -- metabolism KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- growth & development KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- genetics KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- enzymology KW - Collagenases -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67562053?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microbial+pathogenesis&rft.atitle=SlyA+regulates+the+collagenase-mediated+cytopathic+phenotype+in+multiresistant+Salmonella.&rft.au=Carlson%2C+Steve+A%3BMcCuddin%2C+Zoe+P%3BWu%2C+Max+T&rft.aulast=Carlson&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=181&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microbial+pathogenesis&rft.issn=08824010&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-05-17 N1 - Date created - 2005-03-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The 'New Economy' and Efficiency in Food Market System: A Complement or a Battleground between Economic Classes? AN - 60513143; 200522087 AB - Rapid developments in E-commerce can bring efficiency in the food market system by cutting transaction costs. However, it can also bring a battleground between developed & developing countries & also within developed countries because the New Economy emphasizes knowledge-based labor practices & low-skilled workers of trading nations compete for a shrinking need for their services. An Input-Output model is used to examine the effects on high-skilled & low-skilled worker demand, particularly in food & agriculture. The food & agricultural industries are significant employers of low-skilled labor. Food & agricultural trade has reduced low-skilled labor demand in the United States. 2 Tables, 1 Figure, 1 Appendix, 3 References. [Copyright 2005 Elsevier Ltd.] JF - Technology in Society AU - Schluter, Gerald AU - Lee, Chinkook AD - Economic Research Service, US Department Agriculture, Washington, DC schluter@ers.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - 217 EP - 228 VL - 27 IS - 2 SN - 0160-791X, 0160-791X KW - Technology and labor KW - Food and agricultural trade KW - Demand for high-skilled and low-skilled labor KW - Input-output analysis KW - Food Industry KW - United States of America KW - Agricultural Workers KW - Labor Market KW - Developing Countries KW - International Trade KW - article KW - 0621: complex organization; jobs, work organization, workplaces, & unions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60513143?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Technology+in+Society&rft.atitle=The+%27New+Economy%27+and+Efficiency+in+Food+Market+System%3A+A+Complement+or+a+Battleground+between+Economic+Classes%3F&rft.au=Schluter%2C+Gerald%3BLee%2C+Chinkook&rft.aulast=Schluter&rft.aufirst=Gerald&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Technology+in+Society&rft.issn=0160791X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.techsoc.2005.01.006 LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - TESODY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Food Industry; Developing Countries; Labor Market; International Trade; Agricultural Workers; United States of America DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2005.01.006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predicting cation exchange capacity for soil survey using linear models AN - 51670042; 2005-071989 AB - Measuring the cation exchange capacity (CEC) for all horizons of every map unit component in a survey area is very time consuming and costly. The objective of this study was to develop CEC (pH 7 NH4OAc) prediction models that encompass most soils of the United States. The National Soil Survey Characterization database was used to develop the predictive models using general linear models. Data were stratified into more homogeneous groups based on the organic C content, soil pH, taxonomic family mineralogy class and CEC-activity class, and taxonomic order. Models were developed for each strata or data group. Organic matter and noncarbonate clay contents were the main predictor variables used. Water at -1500 kPa was used in lieu of clay content on four groups. Results indicate that between 43 and 78% of the variation in CEC could be explained for the high organic C data groups; between 53 and 84% could be explained for the mineralogy groups; between 86 and 95% could be explained for the CEC-activity class groups; and between 53 and 86% could be explained for the taxonomic orders. The same predictive model was applicable for Gelisols and Histosols. Inceptisols and Alfisols (>0.3% organic C) also shared the same model. In general, the mineralogy/CEC-activity class equations had lower RMSEs than the taxonomic order equations. A decision tree, based on how the data was stratified, guides the selection of which model to use for a soil layer. Validation results indicated that the models, in aggregate, provide a reasonable estimate of CEC for most soils of the United States. JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Seybold, Cathy A AU - Grossman, R B AU - Reinsch, T G Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - 856 EP - 863 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 69 IS - 3 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - United States KW - soils KW - cation exchange capacity KW - statistical analysis KW - data processing KW - models KW - carbon KW - classification KW - soil surveys KW - National Soil Information System KW - chemical properties KW - surveys KW - information systems KW - National Soil Survey Characterization data base KW - organic carbon KW - geochemistry KW - linear models KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51670042?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=Predicting+cation+exchange+capacity+for+soil+survey+using+linear+models&rft.au=Seybold%2C+Cathy+A%3BGrossman%2C+R+B%3BReinsch%2C+T+G&rft.aulast=Seybold&rft.aufirst=Cathy&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=856&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fsssaj2004.0026 L2 - http://soil.scijournals.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - SSSJD4 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon; cation exchange capacity; chemical properties; classification; data processing; geochemistry; information systems; linear models; models; National Soil Information System; National Soil Survey Characterization data base; organic carbon; soil surveys; soils; statistical analysis; surveys; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2004.0026 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil change, soil survey, and natural resources decision making; a blueprint for action AN - 51666879; 2005-071988 AB - Land managers and policymakers need information about soil change caused by anthropogenic and non-anthropogenic factors to predict the effects of management on soil function, compare alternatives, and make decisions. Current knowledge of how soils change is not well synthesized and existing soil surveys include only limited information on the dynamic nature of soils. Providing information about causes and attributes of soil change and the effects of soil change on soil function over the human time scale (centuries, decades, or less) should be a primary objective of 21st century soil survey. Soil change is temporal variation in soil across various time scales at a specific location. Attributes of change include state variables (dynamic soil properties), reversibility, drivers, trends, rates, and pathways and functional interpretations include resistance, resilience, and early warning indicators. Iterative elements of the blueprint for action described in this article are: (i) identify user needs; (ii) conduct interdisciplinary research and long-term studies; (iii) develop an organizing framework that relates data, processes, and soil function; (iv) select and prioritize soil change data and information requirements; (v) develop procedures for data collection and interpretation; and (vi) design an integrated soil-ecosystem-management information system. Selection of dynamic soil properties, soil change attributes, and functional interpretations to be included in future soil surveys should be based on analyses comparing the benefits of meeting user needs to the costs of data acquisition and delivery. Implementation of the blueprint requires increased collaboration among National Cooperative Soil Survey partners and other research disciplines. JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Tugel, A J AU - Herrick, J E AU - Brown, J R AU - Mausbach, M J AU - Puckett, W AU - Hipple, K Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - 738 EP - 747 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 69 IS - 3 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - United States KW - soils KW - decision-making KW - National Cooperative Soil Survey KW - National Soil Survey Information System KW - planning KW - conservation KW - carbon KW - land management KW - soil surveys KW - surveys KW - policy KW - organic carbon KW - NASIS KW - soil management KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51666879?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=Soil+change%2C+soil+survey%2C+and+natural+resources+decision+making%3B+a+blueprint+for+action&rft.au=Allibone%2C+Elizabeth&rft.aulast=Allibone&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft.date=2015-10-07&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=34&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nursing+Standard+%282014%2B%29&rft.issn=00296570&rft_id=info:doi/10.7748%2Fns.30.6.34.s44 L2 - http://soil.scijournals.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 61 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - SSSJD4 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon; conservation; decision-making; land management; NASIS; National Cooperative Soil Survey; National Soil Survey Information System; organic carbon; planning; policy; soil management; soil surveys; soils; surveys; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2004.0163 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soils and selenium in the lower Uncompahgre and lower Gunnison Valley areas AN - 51651053; 2006-004280 AB - The NRCS Ridgway Soil Survey project staff, in cooperation with the Shavano Conservation District, and in conjunction with the Gunnison Basin Selenium Task Force and the US Bureau of Reclamation (BOR), conducted soil sampling for selenium analysis on selenium-rich Mancos Shale soils within the project boundaries of the Ridgway Soil Survey. Two hundred eleven soil samples from 44 sites were collected, during the soil survey process, for selenium analysis. For study purposes, these sites were broadly classified into three categories; twenty-one sites were irrigated, 19 were non-irrigated, and 3 were waterlogged. Soil samples were prepared by BOR and analyzed by the US Geological Survey. Statistical analysis of the resultant data was conducted by the BOR. A strong correlation exists between soluble selenium and irrigation. Non-irrigated soils average 34 times more soluble selenium, within the immediate soil profile (upper 5 to 9 feet), than irrigated soils. This correlation supports the concept that the soil-water system within the irrigated areas of the watershed is a flushing system, differing greatly from the soil-water system in areas of California. Some of the Mancos-derived soils that have been irrigated for the past 50 or more years have undergone rapid weathering and pedogenesis. Most of the soils once identified in the 1967 Delta-Montrose Soil Survey (field work late 1940s) as residual (less than 40 inches from soil surface to paralithic contact) have exhibited increases in depth ranging from of 20 to greater than 60 inches. These soils have also exhibited clay increases on average of 5 to 7 percent total clay within the soil profile control section. This increase in clay, as a result of sediment-laden irrigation waters and weathering of the Mancos Shale soil materials, has caused the soil classification of many of these irrigated soils to change from fine-silty to fine (less than 35% clay to greater than 35% clay). This ongoing weathering of the soil overburden and paralithic Mancos parent material as a byproduct of irrigation, suggests a continuum of labile salts and heavy metals becoming available for mobilization and transport. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Dearstyne, David A AU - Brummer, Joe AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - 40 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 37 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - clay KW - selenium KW - Cretaceous KW - government agencies KW - irrigation KW - Gunnison River valley KW - sedimentary rocks KW - sampling KW - sediments KW - heavy metals KW - soils KW - Uncompahgre River valley KW - pedogenesis KW - chemically precipitated rocks KW - soil profiles KW - clastic sediments KW - pollutants KW - Mancos Shale KW - human activity KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - silt KW - evaporites KW - weathering KW - Mesozoic KW - soil surveys KW - surveys KW - Colorado KW - salt KW - 25:Soils KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51651053?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Soils+and+selenium+in+the+lower+Uncompahgre+and+lower+Gunnison+Valley+areas&rft.au=Dearstyne%2C+David+A%3BBrummer%2C+Joe%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dearstyne&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=40&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, Rocky Mountain Section, 57th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemically precipitated rocks; clastic sediments; clay; Colorado; Cretaceous; evaporites; government agencies; Gunnison River valley; heavy metals; human activity; irrigation; Mancos Shale; Mesozoic; pedogenesis; pollutants; pollution; salt; sampling; sedimentary rocks; sediments; selenium; silt; soil profiles; soil surveys; soils; statistical analysis; surveys; Uncompahgre River valley; United States; weathering ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Water quality improvement program effectiveness for carbonate aquifers in grazed land watersheds AN - 51009546; 2008-086857 JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Boyer, Douglas G A2 - Williams, John D. A2 - Kolpin, Dana W. Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - 291 EP - 300 PB - American Water Resources Association, Middleburg, VA VL - 41 IS - 2 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - United States KW - water quality KW - karst hydrology KW - watersheds KW - water management KW - Greenbrier County West Virginia KW - environmental effects KW - ground water KW - Greenbrier River KW - mitigation KW - sedimentary rocks KW - drainage basins KW - coliform bacteria KW - animal waste KW - nitrate ion KW - water pollution KW - West Virginia KW - hydrology KW - programs KW - pollutants KW - agriculture KW - pollution KW - aquifers KW - sinkholes KW - bacteria KW - EQIP KW - carbonate rocks KW - solution features KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51009546?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Water+quality+improvement+program+effectiveness+for+carbonate+aquifers+in+grazed+land+watersheds&rft.au=Boyer%2C+Douglas+G&rft.aulast=Boyer&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=291&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.wiley.com/bw/journal.asp?ref=1093-474X&site=1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; animal waste; aquifers; bacteria; carbonate rocks; coliform bacteria; drainage basins; environmental effects; EQIP; Greenbrier County West Virginia; Greenbrier River; ground water; hydrology; karst hydrology; mitigation; nitrate ion; pollutants; pollution; programs; sedimentary rocks; sinkholes; solution features; United States; water management; water pollution; water quality; watersheds; West Virginia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toward efficient riparian restoration: integrating economic, physical, and biological models AN - 36470179; 3304735 JF - Journal of environmental management AU - Watanabe, M AU - Adams, R M AU - Wu, J. AU - Bolte, J P AU - Cox, M M AU - Johnson, S L AU - Liss, W J AU - Boggess, W G AU - Ebersole, J L AD - International Development Center of Japan ; Oregon State University ; USFS PNW Research Station ; USEPA Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 93 EP - 104 VL - 75 IS - 2 SN - 0301-4797, 0301-4797 KW - Sociology KW - Economics KW - Water management KW - Spatial analysis KW - Nature conservation KW - Hydrology KW - Fish KW - Environmental management KW - Water quality KW - Models KW - Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36470179?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+environmental+management&rft.atitle=Toward+efficient+riparian+restoration%3A+integrating+economic%2C+physical%2C+and+biological+models&rft.au=Watanabe%2C+M%3BAdams%2C+R+M%3BWu%2C+J.%3BBolte%2C+J+P%3BCox%2C+M+M%3BJohnson%2C+S+L%3BLiss%2C+W+J%3BBoggess%2C+W+G%3BEbersole%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Watanabe&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+environmental+management&rft.issn=03014797&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jenvman.2004.11.005 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 13480 13484 13467 9511 4309; 6154 13467 9511 4309; 1615 8573 11325; 8163; 5004 1046; 12102 971; 8579 2729; 4330 7625; 13472 7625 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2004.11.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling the Influence of Dynamic Zoning of Forest Harvesting on Ecological Succession in a Northern Hardwoods Landscape AN - 20719404; 6697174 AB - Dynamic zoning (systematic alteration in the spatial and temporal allocation of even-aged forest management practices) has been proposed as a means to change the spatial pattern of timber harvest across a landscape to maximize forest interior habitat while holding timber harvest levels constant. Simulation studies have established that dynamic zoning strategies produce larger tracts of interior, closed canopy forest, thus increasing the value of these landscapes for interior-dependent wildlife. We used the simulation model LANDIS to examine how the implementation of a dynamic zoning strategy would change trajectories of ecological succession in the Great Divide Ranger District of the Chequamegon-Nicolet National Forest in northern Wisconsin over 500 years. The components of dynamic zoning strategies (number of zones in a scenario and the length of the hiatus between successive entries into zones) and their interaction had highly significant impacts on patterns of forest succession. Dynamic zoning scenarios with more zones and shorter hiatus lengths increased the average amount of the forest dominated by early successional aspen (Populus sp.). Dynamic zoning scenarios with two zones produced more late successional mature northern hardwoods than scenarios with four zones. Dynamic zoning scenarios with very short (30 years) or very long (120 years) hiatus lengths resulted in more late successional mature northern hardwoods than scenarios with intermediate hiatus lengths (60 and 90 years). However, none of the dynamic scenarios produced as much late successional mature northern hardwoods as the static alternative. Furthermore, the amounts of all habitat types in all dynamic zoning scenarios fluctuated greatly in time and space relative to static alternatives, which could negatively impact wildlife species that require a stable amount of habitat above some minimum critical threshold. Indeed, implementing dynamic zoning scenarios of different designs would have both positive and negative effects on wildlife species and for other objectives of forest management. JF - Environmental Management AU - Zollner, Patrick A AU - Gustafson, Eric J AU - He, Hong S AU - Radeloff, Volker C AU - Mladenoff, David J AD - USDA Forest Service, 5985, Highway KRhinelander, Wisconsin, 54501, USA, pzollner@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 410 EP - 425 PB - Springer-Verlag, Life Science Journals, 175 Fifth Ave. New York NY 10010 USA, [mailto:orders@springer-ny.com], [URL:http://www.springer-ny.com/] VL - 35 IS - 4 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - LANDIS KW - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - succession KW - Forest management KW - Populus KW - hardwoods KW - Wildlife KW - Landscape KW - Simulation KW - Forests KW - USA, Wisconsin KW - Habitat KW - Succession KW - Hardwoods KW - national forests KW - forest management KW - spatial distribution KW - harvesting KW - Canopies KW - Environment management KW - zoning KW - canopies KW - D 04700:Management KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20719404?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nursing+Standard+%282014%2B%29&rft.atitle=Disseminating+nursing+research&rft.au=Timmins%2C+Fiona&rft.aulast=Timmins&rft.aufirst=Fiona&rft.date=2015-07-29&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=48&rft.spage=34&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nursing+Standard+%282014%2B%29&rft.issn=00296570&rft_id=info:doi/10.7748%2Fns.29.48.34.e8833 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Forest management; Landscape; Wildlife; Forests; Canopies; Succession; Hardwoods; succession; hardwoods; Simulation; Habitat; national forests; spatial distribution; forest management; harvesting; Environment management; zoning; canopies; Populus; USA, Wisconsin DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-003-0217-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Approaches to landcare-a century of soil conservation in Iceland AN - 20305920; 7595861 AB - Organized soil conservation in Iceland began in 1907, as a response to severe land degradation and desertification that was threatening the existence of several communities. During the first 75 years, many of the most threatening areas of accelerated soil erosion were fenced and seeded with sand stabilizers. These projects had a high success rate, halting the advancement of sand dunes and other forms of highly accelerated erosion. However, they were limited in scope, and often concentrated on the symptoms of the problems rather than the underlying causes, such as improper grazing management. On a national scale, not enough was being achieved in mitigating the extensive ecosystem degradation. This period of soil conservation in Iceland was characterized by single-issue, top-down approaches, a lack of appropriate incentives for soil conservation and weak laws for protection of the rangelands. During the last two decades there has been a gradual shift to more participatory strategies, community involvement, and ecosystem management for multiple benefits. These changes have greatly increased community involvement in projects, stimulated conservation awareness and improved land use. The ties between agricultural policy and soil-conservation issues are also being strengthened, especially by linking part of governmental subsidies for sheep production to land-use factors. JF - Land Degradation & Development AU - Arnalds, A AD - Soil Conservation Service, Gunnarsholt, 851 Hella, Iceland, andres@land.is Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 113 EP - 125 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD UK, [mailto:customer@wiley.co.uk], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 16 IS - 2 SN - 1085-3278, 1085-3278 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Environmental degradation KW - Desertification KW - grazing KW - ANE, Atlantic, Iceland KW - community involvement KW - Land use KW - Rangelands KW - Erosion KW - mitigation KW - Soil conservation KW - subsidies KW - Sand dunes KW - agricultural policy KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20305920?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Land+Degradation+%26+Development&rft.atitle=Approaches+to+landcare-a+century+of+soil+conservation+in+Iceland&rft.au=Arnalds%2C+A&rft.aulast=Arnalds&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=113&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Land+Degradation+%26+Development&rft.issn=10853278&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fldr.655 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environmental degradation; Rangelands; mitigation; Desertification; Erosion; grazing; subsidies; Soil conservation; community involvement; Sand dunes; Land use; agricultural policy; ANE, Atlantic, Iceland DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ldr.655 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Heat Shock Protein 90 Genes of Two Species of Poultry Eimeria: Expression and Evolutionary Analysis AN - 20039748; 8692670 AB - Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is 1 of the most abundant and evolutionarily conserved proteins. In most species, Hsp90 is essential for proper cell function. In this study, we present the molecular analysis of Hsp90 from Eimeria species, the causative agents of avian coccidiosis. The full-length Eimeria acervulina Hsp90 complementary DNA was isolated from intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes of Eimeria-infected chickens. From evolutionary analysis and sequence identity, it is likely that Eimeria Hsp90 sequences described thus far encode the cytosolic versions of the protein. Although at the nucleotide and amino acid levels Eimeria tenella and E. acervulina Hsp90 are highly similar, their expression profiles differ considerably. Although E. tenella transcripts were detected in all developmental stages tested, E. acervulina transcripts were not found in oocysts undergoing sporulation or in fully sporulated oocysts, suggesting that messenger RNA expression may be regulated quite differently between Eimeria species. JF - Journal of Parasitology AU - Miska, K B AU - Fetterer, R H AU - Min, W AU - Lillehoj, H S AD - USDA-ARS, Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Building 1042 BARC-East, Beltsville, Maryland 20705., kmiska@anri.barc.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 300 EP - 306 PB - Allen Press, Inc., 810 East Tenth St. VL - 91 IS - 2 SN - 0022-3395, 0022-3395 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Ecology Abstracts KW - Poultry KW - Heat shock proteins KW - Amino acids KW - Oocysts KW - Coccidiosis KW - Eimeria acervulina KW - Sporulation KW - Developmental stages KW - Lymphocytes KW - Nucleotides KW - Gene expression KW - Hsp90 protein KW - Intestine KW - DNA KW - Evolution KW - Eimeria tenella KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - G 07730:Development & Cell Cycle KW - K 03310:Genetics & Taxonomy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20039748?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Parasitology&rft.atitle=Heat+Shock+Protein+90+Genes+of+Two+Species+of+Poultry+Eimeria%3A+Expression+and+Evolutionary+Analysis&rft.au=Miska%2C+K+B%3BFetterer%2C+R+H%3BMin%2C+W%3BLillehoj%2C+H+S&rft.aulast=Miska&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=91&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=300&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Parasitology&rft.issn=00223395&rft_id=info:doi/10.1645%2FGE-375R LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Heat shock proteins; Poultry; Amino acids; Oocysts; Coccidiosis; Sporulation; Developmental stages; Lymphocytes; Nucleotides; Hsp90 protein; Gene expression; DNA; Intestine; Evolution; Eimeria acervulina; Eimeria tenella DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1645/GE-375R ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of Measured and Simulated Phosphorus Losses with Indexed Site Vulnerability AN - 19977708; 6398533 AB - Nonpoint-source losses of agricultural phosphorus (P) at field and watershed scales must be quantified to facilitate selection and placement of P control measures. Quantification of P loss has been pursued through field monitoring, simulation models, and risk assessment indices. However, the intended users of these methods differ, impacting each method's functional design and ease-of-use. For example, the Pennsylvania P Index, a risk assessment tool for planners, requires less discipline-specific knowledge and more readily available data than the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), a complex, watershed-level, research-based simulation model. This study compared measured losses of P from the outlet of a 39.5 ha mixed land use watershed (FD-36) in south-central Pennsylvania with watershed-level losses predicted by SWAT. Measured watershed exports of dissolved P (0.06 kg ha super(-1)) and total P (0.24 kg ha super(-1)) during the 7-month sampling period were similar in magnitude to SWAT-predicted losses (0.05 and 0.73 kg ha super(-1), respectively). Additionally, the study compared field-level P losses predicted by SWAT with field-level vulnerabilities to P loss derived by the P Index. The P Index and SWAT categorized 73% of the 22 fields similarly in terms of vulnerability to P loss, with Pearson correlation significant at p = 0.07; all except one of the remaining six fields were over- or underpredicted by a single risk category. Results indicate that while actual P loss from FD-36 was small, three fields contributed a major proportion of this loss. Additionally, this study suggests that the P Index can provide land managers with a reliable assessment of where P loss occurs within a watershed, thus allowing more effective placement and selection of conservation practices, which lead toward improved downstream water quality. JF - Transactions of the ASAE AU - Veith, T L AU - Sharpley, AN AU - Weld, J L AU - Gburek, W J AD - USDA-ARS Pasture Systems and Watershed Management Research Unit, Curtin Rd., Bldg. 3702, University Park, PA 16802, USA, tamie.veith@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 557 EP - 565 VL - 48 IS - 2 SN - 0001-2351, 0001-2351 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - water quality KW - exports KW - Nonpoint Pollution Sources KW - Phosphorus KW - Simulation KW - Watersheds KW - Land use KW - Model Studies KW - Soil KW - Risk KW - Assessments KW - USA, Pennsylvania KW - downstream KW - Conservation KW - Downstream KW - vulnerability KW - Vulnerability KW - Monitoring KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19977708?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+ASAE&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+Measured+and+Simulated+Phosphorus+Losses+with+Indexed+Site+Vulnerability&rft.au=Veith%2C+T+L%3BSharpley%2C+AN%3BWeld%2C+J+L%3BGburek%2C+W+J&rft.aulast=Veith&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=557&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+ASAE&rft.issn=00012351&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Risk assessment; water quality; exports; downstream; Phosphorus; Conservation; Simulation; vulnerability; Watersheds; Land use; Risk; Assessments; Nonpoint Pollution Sources; Downstream; Vulnerability; Monitoring; Model Studies; USA, Pennsylvania ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Association of Beet Leafhopper (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) with a Clover Proliferation Group Phytoplasma in Columbia Basin of Washington and Oregon AN - 19957132; 6204674 AB - At least 16 taxa of cicadellids and delphacids were tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the presence of a phytoplasma in the clover proliferation group, designated 16SrVI. Nucleic acid extracts from individual insects or groups of 5-10 were tested using PCR primers designed from the DNA sequence of 16S-23S rRNA or ribosomal protein genes of the pathogen. The beet leafhopper, Circulifer tenellus (Baker), was most often associated with the phytoplasma, with approximately 16% of the insects testing positive. The phytoplasma was occasionally found associated with Ceratagallia spp. Leafhopper species that were not associated with the phytoplasma included Macrosteles spp., Dikraneura spp., Colladonus montanus (Van Duzee), Circulifer geminatus (Van Duzee), Ballana spp., Amplysellus spp., Paraphlepsius spp., Texananus spp., Balclutha spp., Latalus spp., Erythroneura spp., Exitianus exitiosus (Uhler), and unidentified delphacids. The detected phytoplasma was similar to, or synonymous with, the beet leafhopper-transmitted virescence agent that is associated with the potato purple top disease in the Columbia Basin region of Washington and Oregon. This is in contrast to the phytoplasma associated with potato purple top disease in Mexico that is related to aster yellows (group 16SrI). The association of the group 16SrVI phytoplasma almost exclusively with the beet leafhopper suggests that this insect is the major vector of the phytoplasma in this region. JF - Journal of Economic Entomology AU - Crosslin, JM AU - Munyaneza, JE AU - Jensen, A AU - Hamm, P B AD - USDA-ARS, Vegetable and Forage Crops Research Unit, Prosser, WA 99350 Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 279 EP - 283 PB - Entomological Society of America VL - 98 IS - 2 SN - 0022-0493, 0022-0493 KW - Cicadellids KW - Potato KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Entomology Abstracts KW - Cicadellidae KW - Circulifer KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Phytoplasma KW - Basins KW - Vectors KW - Aster KW - Circulifer tenellus KW - Exitianus exitiosus KW - Pathogens KW - Hemiptera KW - rRNA KW - nucleic acids KW - Ribosomal proteins KW - Solanum tuberosum KW - Yellows KW - Balclutha KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Primers KW - J 02410:Animal Diseases KW - Z 05207:Agricultural & general applied entomology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19957132?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Economic+Entomology&rft.atitle=Association+of+Beet+Leafhopper+%28Hemiptera%3A+Cicadellidae%29+with+a+Clover+Proliferation+Group+Phytoplasma+in+Columbia+Basin+of+Washington+and+Oregon&rft.au=Crosslin%2C+JM%3BMunyaneza%2C+JE%3BJensen%2C+A%3BHamm%2C+P+B&rft.aulast=Crosslin&rft.aufirst=JM&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=98&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=279&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Economic+Entomology&rft.issn=00220493&rft_id=info:doi/10.1043%2F0022-0493%282005%290982.0.CO%3B2 L2 - http://journals.allenpress.com/jrnlserv/?request=get-abstract&issn=0022-0493&volume=98&page=279 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - rRNA; nucleic acids; Ribosomal proteins; Nucleotide sequence; Yellows; Vectors; Basins; Polymerase chain reaction; Phytoplasma; Primers; Pathogens; Cicadellidae; Circulifer; Solanum tuberosum; Balclutha; Aster; Exitianus exitiosus; Circulifer tenellus; Hemiptera DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1043/0022-0493(2005)098<0279:AOBLHC>2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Managing Forest Biodiversity: A Comprehensive Multiscaled Approach AN - 19948373; 6470854 JF - Northwestern Naturalist AU - Olson, D H AU - Wessell, S J AU - Sagar, J P AU - Bouska, C K AU - Nordyke, R AU - Buchner, EL AD - USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, Oregon 97331 USA Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 41 EP - 42 PB - Society for Northwestern Vertebrate Biology VL - 86 IS - 1 SN - 1051-1733, 1051-1733 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Biological diversity KW - Forests KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19948373?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Nursing+Standard+%282014%2B%29&rft.atitle=Ward+rounds+are+an+essential+component+of+good+basic+care&rft.au=Smith%2C+Joan&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Joan&rft.date=2015-01-21&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=34&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nursing+Standard+%282014%2B%29&rft.issn=00296570&rft_id=info:doi/10.7748%2Fns.29.21.34.s43 L2 - http://journals.allenpress.com/jrnlserv/?request=get-abstract&issn=1051-1733&volume=86&issue=1&page=41 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Forests; Biological diversity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1898/1051-1733(2005)086[0041:MFBACM]2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Granular activated carbons from broiler manure: physical, chemical and adsorptive properties super() AN - 19930788; 6131546 AB - Broiler manure produced at large concentrated facilities poses risks to the quality of water and public health. This study utilizes broiler litter and cake as source materials for granular activated carbon production and optimizes conditions for their production. Pelletized manure samples were pyrolyzed at 700 C for 1 h followed by activation in an inert atmosphere under steam at different water flow rates, for a period ranging from 15 to 75 min. Carbon physical and adsorptive properties were dependent on activation time and quantity of steam used as activant, yields varied from 18% to 28%, surface area varied from 253 to 548 m super(2)/g and copper ion adsorption varied from 0.13 to 1.92 mmol Cu super(2+)/g carbon. Best overall performing carbons were steam activated for 45 min at 3 ml/min. Comparative studies with commercial carbons revealed the broiler cake- based carbon as having the highest copper ion efficiency. JF - Bioresource Technology AU - Lima, I M AU - Marshall, W E AD - Commodity Utilization Research, USDA ARS Southern Regional Research Center, 1100 Robert E. Lee Boulevard, P.O. Box 19687, New Orleans, LA 70179, USA, imlima@srrc.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 699 EP - 706 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 96 IS - 6 SN - 0960-8524, 0960-8524 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Activated carbon KW - Broiler manure KW - Copper ion remediation KW - Litter KW - Animal wastes KW - Manure KW - Water flow KW - Waste reuse KW - Surface area KW - Physicochemical properties KW - Steam KW - Copper KW - Carbon (activated) KW - Atmosphere KW - Public health KW - Pyrolysis KW - Carbon KW - Water treatment KW - Cakes KW - Adsorption KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19930788?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioresource+Technology&rft.atitle=Granular+activated+carbons+from+broiler+manure%3A+physical%2C+chemical+and+adsorptive+properties+super%28%29&rft.au=Lima%2C+I+M%3BMarshall%2C+W+E&rft.aulast=Lima&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=96&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=699&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioresource+Technology&rft.issn=09608524&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biortech.2004.06.021 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Litter; Manure; Carbon; Cakes; Water flow; Surface area; Adsorption; Steam; Carbon (activated); Copper; Atmosphere; Public health; Pyrolysis; Animal wastes; Water treatment; Waste reuse; Activated carbon; Physicochemical properties DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2004.06.021 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Community and landscape change in southeast Alaska AN - 19930093; 6203036 AB - Since the early 1970s, social science research has addressed issues concerning the nature and distribution of values and uses associated with natural resources. In part, this research has tried to improve our understanding of interconnections between resource management and social and cultural change on the Tongass National Forest in southeast Alaska. In 1997, scientists at the Pacific Northwest Research Station (PNW) initiated a number of social science studies in response to information gaps identified while developing the Tongass Land Management Plan. Results presented here summarize findings from studies of traditional ecological knowledge, subsistence use of natural resources, tourism trends and the effects of tourism on communities, and social acceptability of alternative timber harvest practices. Management implications are discussed along with suggestions for further study. JF - Landscape and Urban Planning AU - Kruger, LE AD - USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Juneau Forestry Sciences Laboratory, 2770 Sherwood Lane, Suite 2A, Juneau, AK 99801, USA, lkruger@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 235 EP - 249 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 72 IS - 1-3 SN - 0169-2046, 0169-2046 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Human Population KW - Subsistence KW - Traditional ecological knowledge KW - Tourism KW - Community change KW - Social acceptability KW - USA, Alaska KW - Resource management KW - Landscape KW - Acceptability KW - Management plans KW - Social sciences KW - Cultural values KW - Social science research KW - Natural resources KW - Social values KW - Harvesting KW - National forests KW - D 04890:Planning/development KW - M1 325:Human Habitat & Natural Resource Development KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19930093?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Landscape+and+Urban+Planning&rft.atitle=Community+and+landscape+change+in+southeast+Alaska&rft.au=Kruger%2C+LE&rft.aulast=Kruger&rft.aufirst=LE&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=235&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Landscape+and+Urban+Planning&rft.issn=01692046&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.landurbplan.2004.09.023 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Tourism; Social science research; Resource management; Social values; Natural resources; Landscape; Acceptability; Management plans; Social sciences; Cultural values; Harvesting; National forests; USA, Alaska DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2004.09.023 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of Diterpene Acids on Components of a Conifer Bark Beetle-Fungal Interaction: Tolerance by Ips Pini and Sensitivity by Its Associate Ophiostoma Ips AN - 19836352; 6201132 AB - Conifer resin and phloem tissue contain several phytochemical groups, composed primarily of monoterpenes, diterpene acids, and stilbene phenolics. The effects of monoterpenes and phenolics on stem-colonizing bark beetles and their associated microorganisms have been studied to some extent, but the roles of diterpene acids are largely unknown. Diterpene acids are known to have substantial feeding deterrent and growth inhibiting effects on a variety of insect groups and are known to inhibit a variety of fungi. We tested three diterpene acids present in red pine, Pinus resinosa, at various concentrations, on several life history components of the bark beetle Ips pini and the fungus Ophiostoma ips. No diterpene acid affected the host acceptance behavior or larval survival of Ips pini. In contrast, abietic acid and isopimaric acid strongly inhibited spore germination of O. ips, and abietic acid strongly inhibited mycelial growth. The levels of inhibition observed were higher than with any previous assays of monoterpenes or phenolics in this system. These results support the view that conifer defenses against bark beetle-fungal complexes are multifaceted, with all three phytochemical groups being important to P. resinosa, but each with varying relative activity against the beetles and fungi. JF - Environmental Entomology AU - Kopper, B J AU - Illman, B L AU - Kersten, P J AU - Klepzig, K D AU - Raffa, K F AD - Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, kopper@aphis.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 486 EP - 493 PB - Entomological Society of America VL - 34 IS - 2 SN - 0046-225X, 0046-225X KW - Bark beetles KW - Coleoptera KW - Pine engraver KW - Red pine KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Entomology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Feeding KW - Resins KW - Scolytidae KW - Fungi KW - diterpenes KW - Isopimaric acid KW - Spore germination KW - Ophiostoma KW - Survival KW - Pinus resinosa KW - Bark KW - Mycelia KW - Conifers KW - Life history KW - Deterrents KW - Ips pini KW - Ophiostoma ips KW - Acids KW - Microorganisms KW - Monoterpenes KW - phenolic compounds KW - Phloem KW - D 04635:Conifers KW - Z 05207:Agricultural & general applied entomology KW - A 01390:Forestry KW - K 03320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19836352?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Entomology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+Diterpene+Acids+on+Components+of+a+Conifer+Bark+Beetle-Fungal+Interaction%3A+Tolerance+by+Ips+Pini+and+Sensitivity+by+Its+Associate+Ophiostoma+Ips&rft.au=Kopper%2C+B+J%3BIllman%2C+B+L%3BKersten%2C+P+J%3BKlepzig%2C+K+D%3BRaffa%2C+K+F&rft.aulast=Kopper&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=486&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Entomology&rft.issn=0046225X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1043%2F0046-225X%282005%290342.0.CO%3B2 L2 - http://journals.allenpress.com/jrnlserv/?request=get-abstract&issn=0046-225X&volume=34&page=486 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Feeding; Resins; Isopimaric acid; diterpenes; Fungi; Spore germination; Survival; Bark; Mycelia; Conifers; Deterrents; Life history; Acids; Monoterpenes; Microorganisms; phenolic compounds; Phloem; Scolytidae; Ips pini; Ophiostoma ips; Ophiostoma; Pinus resinosa DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1043/0046-225X(2005)034<0486:EODAOC>2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Airborne laser scanning for riverbank erosion assessment AN - 19816209; 6445164 AB - Worldwide, rivers and streams are negatively impacted by sedimentation. However, there are few broad scale techniques for quantifying the sources of sediment, i.e. upland vs. river bank erosion. This research was designed to evaluate the use of airborne LIDAR for characterizing sediment and phosphorus contributions from river bank erosion. The evaluation was done on the main stem of the Blue Earth River in southern Minnesota. Detailed topographic data were collected on an annual basis in April 2001 and 2002 over a 56 km length of the river with a helicopter mounted Topeye laser system. The raw database included X, Y, Z coordinates of laser returns sampled from the river valley with a density of 1-3.3 elevations per m super(2). Uniform 1 m bare earth digital elevation models were constructed by stripping vegetation laser returns and interpolation. The two models were differenced to determine volume change over time, which was then converted to mass wasting by multiplying volume change with bulk density. Mass wasting rates were further converted to sediment load based on percentage of transportable material in the bank strata. The average difference between LIDAR measured elevations and RTK GPS surveyed elevations on 5 highway bridge surfaces was 2.5 and 8.8 cm for the 2001 and 2002 scans, respectively. The elevation errors were quasi-normally distributed with standard deviation of 6.7 and 6.1 cm for 2001 and 2002, respectively. No elevation or planimetric corrections were made to the laser data before calculating mass wasting rates because it was not possible to determine the source of error or if it was uniform within and between scans. The mass wasting estimate from the LIDAR surveys varied from 23% to 56% of the sediment mass transported past the downstream gauging station depending on the range of textural material that was entrained once in the river. These estimates are in the range of values reported in the literature. Total P contribution due to bank erosion from the river reach was estimated to be 201 t/yr. JF - Remote Sensing of Environment AU - Thoma, D P AU - Gupta, S C AU - Bauer, ME AU - Kirchoff, CE AD - USDA-ARS Southwest Watershed Research Center, 2000 E. Allen Road, Tucson, AZ 85719, United States, dthoma@tucson.ars.ag.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - 493 EP - 501 PB - Elsevier Science Inc., Box 882 New York NY 10159 USA, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com] VL - 95 IS - 4 SN - 0034-4257, 0034-4257 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Sediment pollution KW - Laser altimetry KW - LIDAR KW - Bank erosion KW - Remote sensing of environment KW - Fluvial Sediments KW - Remote sensing KW - Phosphorus KW - Lidar KW - USA, Minnesota, Blue Earth R. KW - Freshwater KW - Streams KW - river banks KW - Sediment transport KW - Sedimentation KW - Highways KW - river valleys KW - Rivers KW - Mass Wasting KW - Vegetation KW - Global Positioning System (GPS) satellite KW - Errors KW - River valleys KW - helicopters KW - USA, Minnesota KW - Model Studies KW - Interpolation KW - Erosion KW - River banks KW - Elevation KW - Lidar applications KW - downstream KW - Lasers KW - Sediment load KW - M2 551.507:Carriers (551.507) KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - Q2 09264:Sediments and sedimentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19816209?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Remote+Sensing+of+Environment&rft.atitle=Airborne+laser+scanning+for+riverbank+erosion+assessment&rft.au=Thoma%2C+D+P%3BGupta%2C+S+C%3BBauer%2C+ME%3BKirchoff%2C+CE&rft.aulast=Thoma&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=95&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=493&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Remote+Sensing+of+Environment&rft.issn=00344257&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.rse.2005.01.012 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Erosion; River banks; Lidar; Sediment transport; Lasers; Sediment load; River valleys; Sedimentation; Remote sensing of environment; Lidar applications; Global Positioning System (GPS) satellite; Interpolation; Sediment pollution; Phosphorus; Remote sensing; Vegetation; helicopters; Streams; river banks; downstream; river valleys; Highways; Mass Wasting; Fluvial Sediments; Elevation; Errors; Model Studies; USA, Minnesota, Blue Earth R.; USA, Minnesota; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2005.01.012 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Production of biologically active GM-CSF in sugarcane: a secure biofactory AN - 19727385; 6651382 AB - Over 300 transgenic sugarcane plants representing approx. 200 independent lines producing the human cytokine granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) were analyzed for recombinant protein accumulation and activity levels. Expression constructs differed in use of the maize polyubiquitin 1, Mubi-1, or the sugarcane polyubiquitin 9, SCubi9, promoters; presence or absence of a C-terminal HDEL tag for ER retention; and presence or absence of a 6X Histidine tag for metal ion affinity purification. Accumulation of GM-CSF protein ranged from undetectable to 0.02 of total soluble protein. No significant difference was observed between the two promoters; however, the ER retention tag was required for higher accumulation levels. Human bone marrow cells (TF-1), which require GM-CSF for cell division, proliferated when growth media was supplemented with transgenic sugarcane extracts. Comparison to purified commercially produced GM-CSF indicated the sugarcane-produced protein had essentially identical activity levels. In a 14-month field trial, accumulation levels remained stable. This is the first report of field production of GM-CSF. During the field trial, no flowering of the trial plants occurred; no pollen or seed was produced. Drying, burning, and burial of the test plants effectively blocked possible routes for the transgenic sugarcane to enter the environment or food supply. Sugarcane may provide a highly secure system for biofactory production of pharmaceutical proteins. JF - Transgenic Research AU - Wang, Ming-Li AU - Goldstein, Cindy AU - Su, Winston AU - Moore, Paul H AU - lbert, & Henrik H AD - USDA ARS, Aiea, HI, 96701, USA, halbert@pbarc.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 167 EP - 178 PB - Springer-Verlag (Heidelberg), Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany, [mailto:subscriptions@springer.de], [URL:http://www.springer.de/] VL - 14 IS - 2 SN - 0962-8819, 0962-8819 KW - Sugarcane KW - maize KW - Genetics Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - Flowering KW - Metals KW - Seeds KW - Food KW - Bone marrow KW - Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor KW - Drying KW - Food plants KW - Pollen KW - Transgenic plants KW - Promoters KW - Cell division KW - Saccharum officinarum KW - Zea mays KW - Histidine KW - Pharmaceuticals KW - Cytokines KW - Burning KW - W2 32330:Cytokines KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - W3 33330:Cytokines KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19727385?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Nursing+Standard+%282014%2B%29&rft.atitle=Everyone+is+working+together+to+ease+the+pressures+in+A%26amp%3BE&rft.au=Kimber%2C+Mark&rft.aulast=Kimber&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2015-01-21&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=34&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nursing+Standard+%282014%2B%29&rft.issn=00296570&rft_id=info:doi/10.7748%2Fns.29.21.34.s45 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Flowering; Metals; Seeds; Food; Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor; Bone marrow; Drying; Food plants; Transgenic plants; Pollen; Promoters; Cell division; Histidine; Cytokines; Pharmaceuticals; Burning; Saccharum officinarum; Zea mays DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11248-004-5415-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - PHYLOGENY FOR GENERA OF NEMATODIRINAE (NEMATODA: TRICHOSTRONGYLINA) AN - 19620824; 8692681 AB - Monophyly for the Nematodirinae, with 5 genera, Murielus, Rauschia, Nematodiroides, Nematodirus, and Nematodirella was confirmed based on comparative morphology and phylogenetic analysis of structural characters. This concept for the nematodirines excludes the monotypic Lamanema chavezi, but otherwise corroborates generic-level diversity as defined in prior studies. Exhaustive analysis resulted in 1 most parsimonious tree (36 steps; consistency index [CI] = 0.94; retention index [RI] = 0.93; excluding phylogenetically uninformative characters, CI = 0.92). As an inclusive or monophyletic group, Nematodirinae was diagnosed by 8 synapomorphies (7 are unequivocal): (1) large eggs, (2) long filiform spicules, (3) basal division of the dorsal ray, (4) symmetrical membrane enveloping the spicule tips, (5) fused structure of the spicule tips, (6) absence of the gubernaculum, (7) development of the third-stage larva within the egg, and (8) ornamentation in the form of discrete bosses on the bursa. Exclusion of Lamanema will require new assessments of historical biogeography and the evolution of host associations for the nematodirines. JF - Journal of Parasitology AU - Hoberg, Eric P AU - Lichtenfels, JRalph AU - Rickard, L G Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 382 EP - 389 PB - Allen Press, Inc., 810 East Tenth St. VL - 91 IS - 2 SN - 0022-3395, 0022-3395 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Phylogeny KW - Bursa of Fabricius KW - Biogeography KW - Spicules KW - Nematoda KW - Evolution KW - Eggs KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - G 07730:Development & Cell Cycle UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19620824?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Parasitology&rft.atitle=PHYLOGENY+FOR+GENERA+OF+NEMATODIRINAE+%28NEMATODA%3A+TRICHOSTRONGYLINA%29&rft.au=Hoberg%2C+Eric+P%3BLichtenfels%2C+JRalph%3BRickard%2C+L+G&rft.aulast=Hoberg&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=91&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=382&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Parasitology&rft.issn=00223395&rft_id=info:doi/10.1645%2FGE-3408 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bursa of Fabricius; Phylogeny; Biogeography; Spicules; Eggs; Evolution; Nematoda DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1645/GE-3408 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Presenting Scientific Theories Within Risk Assessments AN - 19610191; 7322350 AB - We propose a structure for presenting risk assessments with the purpose of enhancing the transparency of the selection process of scientific theories and models derived from them. The structure has two stages, with 7 steps, where the stages involve two types of theories: core and auxiliary, which need to be identified in order to explain and evaluate observations and predictions. Core theories are those that are `fundamental to the phenomena being observed, whereas auxiliary theories are those that describe or explain the actual observation process of the phenomena. The formulation of a scientific theory involves three constitutive components or types of judgments: explanative, evaluative, and regulative or aesthetic, driven by reason. Two perspectives guided us in developing the proposed structure: (1) In a risk assessment explanations based on notions of causality can be used as a tool for developing models and predictions of possible events outside the range of direct experience. The use of causality for development of models is based on judgments, reflecting regulative or aesthetic conceptualizations of different phenomena and how they (should) fit together in the world. (2) Weight of evidence evaluation should be based on falsification principles for excluding models, rather than validation or justification principles that select the best or nearly best-fitting models. Falsification entails discussion that identifies challenges to proposed models, and reconciles apparent inconsistencies between models and data. Based on the discussion of these perspectives the 7 steps of the structure are: the first stage for core theories, (A) scientific concepts, (B) causality network, and (C) mathematical model; and the second stage for auxiliary theories, (D) data interpretation, (E) statistical model, (F) evaluation (weight of evidence), and (G) reconciliation, which includes the actual decision formulation. JF - Human and Ecological Risk Assessment AU - Marks, Harry AU - Coleman, Margaret AD - USDA, Food Safety and Inspection Service, Regulations and Directives Development Staff, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 271 EP - 287 PB - CRC Press LLC, 2000 Corporate Blvd., NW Boca Raton FL 33431 USA, [mailto:journals@crcpress.com], [URL:http://www.crcpress.com] VL - 11 IS - 2 SN - 1080-7039, 1080-7039 KW - Risk Abstracts KW - falsification KW - causality KW - core and auxiliary hypotheses KW - evaluative KW - explicative KW - regulative KW - transparency KW - Mathematical models KW - R2 23050:Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19610191?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.atitle=Presenting+Scientific+Theories+Within+Risk+Assessments&rft.au=Marks%2C+Harry%3BColeman%2C+Margaret&rft.aulast=Marks&rft.aufirst=Harry&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=271&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.issn=10807039&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F10807030590925821 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - transparency; Mathematical models DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10807030590925821 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Golden Rice gets a boost from maize AN - 19606789; 7325117 AB - A more nutritious version of Golden Rice may offer a practical solution to vitamin A deficiency. JF - Nature Biotechnology AU - Grusak, MA AD - USDA-ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, 1100 Bates Street, Houston, Texas 77030-2600, USA, mgrusak@bcm.tmc.edu Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 429 EP - 430 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building 4 Crinan Street London N1 9XW UK, [mailto:feedback@nature.com], [URL:http://www.nature.com/] VL - 23 IS - 4 SN - 1087-0156, 1087-0156 KW - Rice KW - maize KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Nutrient deficiency KW - Zea mays KW - Vitamin A KW - Oryza sativa KW - W 30930:Agricultural Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19606789?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Golden+Rice+gets+a+boost+from+maize&rft.au=Grusak%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Grusak&rft.aufirst=MA&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=429&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+Biotechnology&rft.issn=10870156&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnbt0405-429 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Oryza sativa; Zea mays; Nutrient deficiency; Vitamin A DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0405-429 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - PSEUDOSTERTAGIA BULLOSA (NEMATODA: TRICHOSTRONGYLOIDEA) IN ARTIODACTYL HOSTS FROM NORTH AMERICA: REDESCRIPTION AND COMMENTS ON SYSTEMATICS AN - 19554656; 8692680 JF - Journal of Parasitology AU - Hoberg, E P AU - Abrams, A Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 370 EP - 381 PB - Allen Press, Inc., 810 East Tenth St. VL - 91 IS - 2 SN - 0022-3395, 0022-3395 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Ecology KW - Trichostrongyloidea KW - Nematoda KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19554656?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Parasitology&rft.atitle=PSEUDOSTERTAGIA+BULLOSA+%28NEMATODA%3A+TRICHOSTRONGYLOIDEA%29+IN+ARTIODACTYL+HOSTS+FROM+NORTH+AMERICA%3A+REDESCRIPTION+AND+COMMENTS+ON+SYSTEMATICS&rft.au=Hoberg%2C+E+P%3BAbrams%2C+A&rft.aulast=Hoberg&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=91&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=370&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Parasitology&rft.issn=00223395&rft_id=info:doi/10.1645%2FGE-3419 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ecology; Trichostrongyloidea; Nematoda DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1645/GE-3419 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Economic and welfare impacts of commercializing a herbicide-tolerant, biotech wheat AN - 19471098; 7916717 AB - A transgenic variety of spring wheat was proposed for deregulation in North America in 2002. (More recently, the developer shelved this plan.) In this paper, a quantitative model is used to analyze the possible economic impact of commercializing a crop for which there may be sizable consumer resistance. At issue is whether, and under what conditions, the economic benefits from biotech wheat could be outweighed by economic costs. The analysis also addresses the distribution of costs and benefits among stakeholders: producers, consumers, and US taxpayers. Specific attention is given to the impacts on consumers in non-biotech and biotech market segments, and those in the United States and foreign countries. Under base-case assumptions, the analysis suggests that commercialization of biotech wheat could lead to a small net loss of total economic welfare. Results depend critically on several model parameters: the rate of biotech adoption; unit cost savings for biotech producers; the share of the non-biotech market segment; and extra costs associated with a 'dual marketing system' for wheat. JF - Food Policy AU - Johnson, D Demcey AU - Lin, William AU - Vocke, Gary AD - Economic Research Service, USDA, 1800 M Street NW, Room S5213, Washington, DC 20036, United States, djohnson@ers.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 162 EP - 184 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 30 IS - 2 SN - 0306-9192, 0306-9192 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Biotechnology KW - Wheat KW - Market acceptance KW - Costs of segregation KW - Economic welfare KW - wheat KW - deregulation KW - marketing KW - Adoption KW - Crops KW - Models KW - Cost-benefit analysis KW - Triticum aestivum KW - USA KW - Economics KW - Consumers KW - stakeholders KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - W 30935:Food Biotechnology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19471098?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+Policy&rft.atitle=Economic+and+welfare+impacts+of+commercializing+a+herbicide-tolerant%2C+biotech+wheat&rft.au=Johnson%2C+D+Demcey%3BLin%2C+William%3BVocke%2C+Gary&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=162&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+Policy&rft.issn=03069192&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.foodpol.2005.04.002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Economics; Adoption; Consumers; Crops; Models; Cost-benefit analysis; wheat; deregulation; marketing; stakeholders; Triticum aestivum; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2005.04.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mechanical Property and Biodegradability of Cast Films Prepared from Blends of Oppositely Charged Biopolymers AN - 19447128; 6698334 AB - Biodegradable cast films of about 50 mu m thickness were fabricated by blending oppositely charged biopolymers such as anionic starch-chitosan, and cationic starch-pectin. The tensile strength and elongation at break (%) of films were evaluated as well as their capacity to degrade in compost. Films recovered from soil every 48 h showed consistent degradation (weight loss), diminution of the polymer's characteristic peak absorbance in the carbohydrate fingerprint region of the FTIR, and changes in the surface morphology via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Anionic starch-chitosan films had much superior tensile strength and elongation compared to cationic starch-pectin, suggesting that the ionic bonds formed between anionic-starch and positively charged groups in chitosan polymer were much more stable and stronger. Initially, both films lost about 36% weight within 96 h, which also correlated well with the loss in the characteristic absorption peaks in the region of the infrared spectrum typical of biopolymers. The total mineralization of films by microorganisms in compost soil was also measured using respirometric techniques. Though the rate of mineralization differed for two formulations, total mineralization (extent) for both films were achieved within 45 days. JF - Journal of Polymers and the Environment AU - Rutiaga, MO AU - Galan, L J AU - Morales, L H AU - Gordon, SH AU - Imam, SH AU - Orts, W J AU - Glenn, G M AU - Nino, KA AD - WRRC-ARS-USDA, Albany, CA, 94710, USA, simam@pw.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 185 EP - 191 PB - Springer-Verlag (Heidelberg), Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany, [mailto:subscriptions@springer.de], [URL:http://www.springer.de/] VL - 13 IS - 2 SN - 1566-2543, 1566-2543 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Biodegradation KW - Biopolymers KW - Mineralization KW - Soil microorganisms KW - Soil KW - Absorption KW - chitosan KW - Tensile strength KW - Carbohydrates KW - Absorbance KW - Mechanical properties KW - Films KW - Compost KW - Scanning electron microscopy KW - Composts KW - Biodegradability KW - Elongation KW - Microscopy KW - Morphology KW - Microorganisms KW - Polymers KW - biopolymers KW - A 01320:Microbial Degradation KW - W 30935:Food Biotechnology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19447128?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Polymers+and+the+Environment&rft.atitle=Mechanical+Property+and+Biodegradability+of+Cast+Films+Prepared+from+Blends+of+Oppositely+Charged+Biopolymers&rft.au=Rutiaga%2C+MO%3BGalan%2C+L+J%3BMorales%2C+L+H%3BGordon%2C+SH%3BImam%2C+SH%3BOrts%2C+W+J%3BGlenn%2C+G+M%3BNino%2C+KA&rft.aulast=Rutiaga&rft.aufirst=MO&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=185&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Polymers+and+the+Environment&rft.issn=15662543&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10924-005-2949-5 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Scanning electron microscopy; Biodegradation; Composts; Biopolymers; Mineralization; Biodegradability; Soil microorganisms; Soil; Elongation; chitosan; Tensile strength; Absorbance; Carbohydrates; Films; Mechanical properties; Compost; Morphology; Microscopy; Microorganisms; Absorption; Polymers; biopolymers DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10924-005-2949-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Recent Increase in Western U.S. Streamflow Variability and Persistence AN - 19430142; 6259321 AB - April-September streamflow volume data from 141 unregulated basins in the western United States were analyzed for trends in year-to-year variability and persistence. Decadal time-scale changes in streamflow variability and lag-1-yr autocorrelation (persistence) were observed. The significance of the variability trends was tested using a jackknife procedure involving the random resampling of seasonal flows from the historical record. The 1930s-50s was a period of low variability and high persistence, the 1950s-70s was a period of low variability and antipersistence, and the period after 1980 was highly variable and highly persistent. In particular, regions from California and Nevada to southern Idaho, Utah, and Colorado have recently experienced an unprecedented sequence of consecutive wet years along with multiyear extreme droughts. JF - Journal of Hydrometeorology AU - Pagano, T AU - Garen, D AD - National Water and Climate Center, Natural Resources Conservation Service, 101 SW Main St., Suite 1600, Portland, OR 97204, tpagano@wcc.nrcs.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - 173 EP - 179 PB - American Meteorological Society VL - 6 IS - 2 SN - 1525-755X, 1525-755X KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - USA, Utah KW - Testing Procedures KW - Seasonal Variations KW - River discharge KW - Streamflow KW - USA, Nevada KW - Drought KW - Freshwater KW - Stream flow KW - Hydrometeorology KW - USA, Colorado KW - USA, Idaho KW - Hydrometeorological research KW - Hydrology KW - USA, California KW - Streamflow variations KW - Hydrologic Data KW - Droughts KW - Runoff KW - Q2 09127:General papers on resources KW - SW 0835:Streamflow and runoff KW - M2 551.579:Hydrometeorology (551.579) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19430142?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrometeorology&rft.atitle=A+Recent+Increase+in+Western+U.S.+Streamflow+Variability+and+Persistence&rft.au=Pagano%2C+T%3BGaren%2C+D&rft.aulast=Pagano&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=173&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrometeorology&rft.issn=1525755X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2FJHM410.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - River discharge; Hydrology; Droughts; Runoff; Stream flow; Hydrometeorological research; Drought; Streamflow variations; Testing Procedures; Hydrometeorology; Seasonal Variations; Streamflow; Hydrologic Data; USA, Utah; USA, Idaho; USA, Colorado; USA, Nevada; USA, California; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JHM410.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Amphibian, Fish Stocking, And Habitat Relationships In Siskiyou Mountain Wilderness Lakes, California And Oregon AN - 19429184; 6470850 AB - During 1999 and 2000, 10 of the 13 high-elevation lakes in and near the Red Buttes Wilderness in the Siskiyou Mountains were surveyed for amphibians. Five of the lakes had been stocked with non-native brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) for over 30 y, while fish were absent from the other 5 lakes. Pacific treefrog (Pseudacris regilla) larvae were observed in 40% of fish-bearing lakes and 80% of fishless lakes, rough-skinned newts (Taricha granulosa granulosa) were present in all study lakes, and coastal giant salamanders (Dicamptodon tenebrosus) were present in 40% of fish-bearing lakes. Pacific treefrog larvae were significantly more abundant in fishless lakes, while rough-skinned newt median abundances were identical between fish-bearing and fishless lakes. Differences in Pacific treefrog abundances and distribution between fish-bearing and fishless lakes were likely related to the presence of brook trout, but might also have been influenced by other factors such as lake morphometry and abundance of aquatic vegetation. Modifying the number or type of fish stocked in the Red Buttes Wilderness could reduce effects from fish stocking on Pacific treefrog populations. JF - Northwestern Naturalist AU - Reid, I S AD - USDA Forest Service, Rogue River-Siskiyou National Forest, 645 Washington Street, Ashland, Oregon 97520 USA, ireid@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - 25 EP - 33 PB - Society for Northwestern Vertebrate Biology VL - 86 IS - 1 SN - 1051-1733, 1051-1733 KW - Brook trout KW - Pacific treefrog KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Salvelinus fontinalis KW - Amphibiotic species KW - USA, Oregon, Siskiyou Mts. KW - Freshwater KW - Freshwater fish KW - Salamandridae KW - Mountains KW - Lakes KW - Aquatic Plants KW - Interspecific relationships KW - Caudata KW - INE, USA, California KW - USA, California KW - USA, Oregon KW - Fish Stocking KW - Stocking (organisms) KW - Amphibians KW - Aquatic plants KW - Larvae KW - salamanders KW - Vegetation KW - Dicamptodon tenebrosus KW - Habitat KW - amphibians KW - Taricha granulosa granulosa KW - Community composition KW - Trout KW - Aquatic Habitats KW - buttes KW - Wilderness KW - Stocks KW - Fish KW - Pseudacris regilla KW - Q1 08483:Species interactions: general KW - SW 0850:Lakes KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q3 08582:Fish culture KW - Q1 08582:Fish culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19429184?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Northwestern+Naturalist&rft.atitle=Amphibian%2C+Fish+Stocking%2C+And+Habitat+Relationships+In+Siskiyou+Mountain+Wilderness+Lakes%2C+California+And+Oregon&rft.au=Reid%2C+I+S&rft.aulast=Reid&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Northwestern+Naturalist&rft.issn=10511733&rft_id=info:doi/10.1898%2F1051-1733%282005%290862.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Community composition; Stocking (organisms); Interspecific relationships; Amphibiotic species; Habitat; Freshwater fish; Mountains; Lakes; buttes; salamanders; Larvae; Wilderness; Aquatic plants; Vegetation; Stocks; amphibians; Fish Stocking; Aquatic Plants; Aquatic Habitats; Trout; Amphibians; Fish; Salamandridae; Taricha granulosa granulosa; Salvelinus fontinalis; Caudata; Dicamptodon tenebrosus; Pseudacris regilla; INE, USA, California; USA, Oregon, Siskiyou Mts.; USA, California; USA, Oregon; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1898/1051-1733(2005)086[0025:AFSAHR]2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Trophic linkages between headwater forests and downstream fish habitats: implications for forest and fish management AN - 19410922; 6203046 AB - This study examined the fluvial transport of invertebrates (aquatic and terrestrial) and coarse organic detritus from forested headwaters in alternatives-to-clearcutting (ATC) harvest units to aquatic habitats downstream in the coastal mountains of southeastern Alaska. Fifty small streams (mean discharge 2.7 L s super(-1), range 0.1-128.1 L s super(-1)) representing three geographic areas (ATC installations) throughout southeastern Alaska were sampled with 250 mu m nets three times per year (April, July, September). Samples were used to assess the subsidy of energy from fishless headwaters to downstream systems containing or potentially containing fish, and to obtain preharvest data on streams for the ATC study. Invertebrates of both aquatic and terrestrial origin were captured, with aquatic taxa averaging roughly 3/4 of the total individuals sampled. Invertebrates and detritus were transported from headwaters during all sampling periods, averaging 163 mg invertebrate dry mass stream super(-1) day super(-1) (1.7 mg m super(-3) water) and 10 g detritus stream super(-1) day super(-1) (0.05 g m super(-3) water), respectively. Based on the frequency of headwater streams in the watersheds studied, and the average amount of food delivered to downstream habitats by these streams, every kilometer of salmonid-bearing stream could receive enough energy from fishless headwaters to support 100-2000 young-of-the- year salmonids. These results illustrate that headwaters are source areas of aquatic and terrestrial invertebrates and detritus, linking upland ecosystems with habitats lower in the catchment. ATC activities are predicted to have variable effects on headwater stream productivity, and subsequent food resources for downstream salmonids. Partial canopy removal is expected to increase solar penetration to the stream and primary and secondary production within these partially harvested sites, and full canopy removal will likely reduce allochthonous inputs of leaf litter into the streams, and reduce stream invertebrate abundance. JF - Landscape and Urban Planning AU - Wipfli AD - USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 1133 N. Western Ave. Wenatchee, WA 9880, USA, mark.wipfli@uaf.edu Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 205 EP - 213 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 72 IS - 1-3 SN - 0169-2046, 0169-2046 KW - Salmonids KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - D 04700:Management KW - SW 2060:Effects on water of human nonwater activities KW - Q1 01482:Ecosystems and energetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19410922?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Landscape+and+Urban+Planning&rft.atitle=Trophic+linkages+between+headwater+forests+and+downstream+fish+habitats%3A+implications+for+forest+and+fish+management&rft.au=Wipfli&rft.aulast=Wipfli&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=205&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Landscape+and+Urban+Planning&rft.issn=01692046&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.landurbplan.2004.09.025 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2004.09.025 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Restoration of Pitcher Plant Bogs in Eastern Texas, USA AN - 19409681; 6232377 AB - Pitcher plant bogs, also referred to as hillside seepage bogs or hillside bogs, are extremely restricted on the West Gulf Coastal Plain. The number and extent of extant bogs is in the low hundreds, comprising no more than a few thousand hectares of habitat. These bogs support a large number of plant species of significant conservation concern. Threats to existing bogs include: land use changes, silvicultural impacts, fire scarcity, vehicle damage, negative feral hog (Sus scrofa) impact, and ground water regime alterations. Two pitcher plant bogs on the Angelina National Forest were subjected to severe damage from vehicular impacts that eliminated herbaceous vegetation, disturbed the soil to substantial depths, and initiated severe erosion. A restoration effort that replaced lost soil, reduced erosion, and allowed subsequent revegetation was implemented. Approximately four years post-treatment, bogs are intact, soil erosion is controlled, revegetation is complete or progressing, and at least some species of conservation concern are present in the revegetated areas. These restoration projects have demonstrated that degraded pitcher plant bogs that have suffered severe damage due to vehicular impacts can be substantially restored if sufficient resources are available. However, pitcher plant bogs on the West Gulf Coastal Plain continue to be threatened by uncontrolled off-road vehicles and other impacts. The most insidious threat may be the widespread lack of sufficient fire required to preclude or reverse succession to communities dominated by woody vegetation and the subsequent loss of the herbaceous bog species. JF - Natural Areas Journal AU - Mize, R AU - Evans, R E AU - MacRoberts, B R AU - MacRoberts, M H AU - Rudolph, D C AD - USDA Forest Service Southern Research Station 506 Hayter St. Nacogdoches, TX 75965, USA, crudolph01@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - 197 EP - 201 VL - 25 IS - 2 SN - 0885-8608, 0885-8608 KW - Pig KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Ecology Abstracts KW - Resource management KW - Bogs KW - Sus scrofa KW - Coastal Plains KW - Revegetation KW - Freshwater KW - Succession KW - Gulfs KW - Soil KW - Soils KW - Seepages KW - Damage KW - Fires KW - Environmental impact KW - Vegetation KW - Marshes KW - USA, Texas, Angelina Natl. Forest KW - Land use KW - Dominant species KW - Erosion KW - Habitat improvement KW - Nature conservation KW - Environmental restoration KW - Conservation KW - USA, Texas KW - Groundwater KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - SW 0870:Erosion and sedimentation KW - D 04715:Reclamation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19409681?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Natural+Areas+Journal&rft.atitle=Restoration+of+Pitcher+Plant+Bogs+in+Eastern+Texas%2C+USA&rft.au=Mize%2C+R%3BEvans%2C+R+E%3BMacRoberts%2C+B+R%3BMacRoberts%2C+M+H%3BRudolph%2C+D+C&rft.aulast=Mize&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=197&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Natural+Areas+Journal&rft.issn=08858608&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Dominant species; Resource management; Habitat improvement; Soils; Nature conservation; Environmental impact; Marshes; Seepages; Land use; Soil; Fires; Bogs; Revegetation; Conservation; Environmental restoration; Succession; Damage; Erosion; Coastal Plains; Vegetation; Groundwater; Gulfs; Sus scrofa; USA, Texas; USA, Texas, Angelina Natl. Forest; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An approach to effectiveness monitoring of floodplain channel aquatic habitat: salmonid relationships AN - 19409139; 6203033 AB - Rivers and streams that support anadromous salmonids are an important part of land management planning in southeastern Alaska and the Pacific Northwest of North America. Land managers and planners require a consistent set of protocols that include both the physical and biological aspects of the stream for effectiveness monitoring procedures to evaluate management activities in forested watersheds. We apply a quantitative method to estimate salmonid populations and link these estimates to a set of physical variables used in an assessment of channel condition at the reach scale. We are able to obtain precise estimates of juvenile salmonid populations at the habitat and reach scale; however, we find a lack of strong relationships between channel condition variables and salmonid densities. Nonetheless, a few trends appear, such as relationships between coho salmon and both pools and large wood. A significant and positive relationship exists between coho salmon fry density and two measures of pool frequency. Our results suggest that the response of fish populations to changes in the amount and quality of habitat can be measured by using the tested procedures. Complexity in habitat use, seasonal effects, and external factors tend to mask close relationships between fish populations and physical variables. We also discuss the implications for trophic status for fish populations and how this information may provide a more robust evaluation of land management activities on the aquatic biota in managed watersheds. JF - Landscape and Urban Planning AU - Bryant, MD AU - Edwards, R T AU - Woodsmith, R D AD - Forestry Sciences Laboratory, USDA Forest Service, 2770 Sherwood Lane, Suite 2A, Juneau, AK 99801, USA, mdbryant@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 157 EP - 176 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 72 IS - 1-3 SN - 0169-2046, 0169-2046 KW - Salmonids KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - SW 2060:Effects on water of human nonwater activities KW - D 04668:Fish KW - Q1 01442:Population dynamics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19409139?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Landscape+and+Urban+Planning&rft.atitle=An+approach+to+effectiveness+monitoring+of+floodplain+channel+aquatic+habitat%3A+salmonid+relationships&rft.au=Bryant%2C+MD%3BEdwards%2C+R+T%3BWoodsmith%2C+R+D&rft.aulast=Bryant&rft.aufirst=MD&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Landscape+and+Urban+Planning&rft.issn=01692046&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.landurbplan.2004.09.017 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2004.09.017 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An overview of science contributions to the management of the Tongass National Forest, Alaska AN - 19406365; 6203035 AB - After 6 years of intensive study, all the research studies designed to answer the information needs identified in appendix B of the Tongass land management plan have ended, with their results published or in press. The knowledge generated from these studies not only informs the ongoing process of regional natural resource management in southeast Alaska, but also helped to define future directions for research. Topics still needing additional study include issues related to wildlife, aquatic systems and salmon habitat, silvicultural options for forest management, wood products utilization, and social science. The role of science in supporting the development of options for natural resource management of the Tongass National Forest was carefully defined and implemented in order to maintain science objectivity and impartiality. The planning processes in southeast Alaska clearly exemplify a clear example of the recognition that natural resource plans need to be founded on the best available science. The complexity of ecosystems, including the scales at which they are organized and operate, require focused research to answer key questions in tandem with management decisions. Managers want the support of science institutions to bolster the effectiveness, predictability, and credibility of their decisions. The integration of science into the decision making process is far more prevalent today than it once was and will increase in the future as we move to refine management decisions based on a continually increasing body of science on which to base those decisions. JF - Landscape and Urban Planning AU - Boyce, DA AU - Szaro, R C AD - USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, daboyce@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 251 EP - 263 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 72 IS - 1-3 SN - 0169-2046, 0169-2046 KW - Salmonids KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Science KW - Sustainable management KW - Temperate rainforest KW - Alaska KW - Tongass National Forest KW - USA, Alaska KW - Forest management KW - Resource management KW - Wildlife management KW - Planning KW - Wood KW - Salmonidae KW - D 04700:Management KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19406365?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Landscape+and+Urban+Planning&rft.atitle=An+overview+of+science+contributions+to+the+management+of+the+Tongass+National+Forest%2C+Alaska&rft.au=Boyce%2C+DA%3BSzaro%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Boyce&rft.aufirst=DA&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=251&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Landscape+and+Urban+Planning&rft.issn=01692046&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.landurbplan.2004.09.020 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Forest management; Wildlife management; Resource management; Planning; Wood; Salmonidae; USA, Alaska DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2004.09.020 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring invasive mammalian predator populations sharing habitat with the Critically Endangered Puerto Rican parrot Amazona vittata AN - 19303676; 7045953 AB - Critically Endangered Puerto Rican parrots Amazona vittata are one of the rarest birds in the world. Several exotic mammal species capable of preying on Puerto Rican parrots cohabit the Caribbean National Forest with the only wild population of these parrots. We used tracking plates, monitoring blocks and trapping to index black rats, small Indian mongooses and feral cats in parrot habitat and in public-use areas in the same habitat type. We had high trap success for black rats at all sites (42% of all sites combined), among the highest reported in the world. Rat response to monitoring (nontoxic bait) blocks was universally high, regardless of ground or tree placement. Mongooses were present at all sites, with a greater proportion of plates tracked within the forest than at public-use sites. Cats were present at all forest sites and one of the public-use sites. Presence of the three species did not appear to be linked to human disturbance. Because only 30-40 Puerto Rican parrots survive in the wild, with as few as three pairs nesting in 2002, we concluded that the abundance and pervasiveness of exotic mammalian predators poses a greater threat to the parrots than has been generally acknowledged. This is evidenced by mammalian predation during recent parrot breeding seasons, including six fledglings taken by mongooses and one nest failure from rats during 2000-2003. JF - Oryx AU - Engeman, Richard AU - Whisson, Desley AU - Quinn, Jessica AU - Cano, Felipe AU - Quinones, Pedro AU - White, Thomas H, Jr AD - National Wildlife Research Center, 4101 Laporte Ave, Fort Collins, CO 80521- 2154, USA, richard.m.engeman@aphis.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 95 EP - 102 PB - Cambridge University Press, UK, The Edinburgh Building, Shaftesbury Road Cambridge CB2 2RU UK, [mailto:journals@cambridge.org], [URL:http://journals.cambridge.org] VL - 39 IS - 2 SN - 0030-6053, 0030-6053 KW - Puerto rican parrot KW - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Amazona vittata KW - black rat KW - endangered species KW - exotic species KW - feral cat KW - invasive species KW - mongoose. KW - Puerto Rico KW - Breeding KW - Predation KW - Conservation KW - Forests KW - Trapping KW - Nests KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19303676?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oryx&rft.atitle=Monitoring+invasive+mammalian+predator+populations+sharing+habitat+with+the+Critically+Endangered+Puerto+Rican+parrot+Amazona+vittata&rft.au=Engeman%2C+Richard%3BWhisson%2C+Desley%3BQuinn%2C+Jessica%3BCano%2C+Felipe%3BQuinones%2C+Pedro%3BWhite%2C+Thomas+H%2C+Jr&rft.aulast=Engeman&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=95&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Oryx&rft.issn=00306053&rft_id=info:doi/10.1017%2FS0030605305001286 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Breeding; Predation; Forests; Conservation; Trapping; Nests; Amazona vittata; Puerto Rico DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0030605305001286 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spatial clustering of murid rodents infected with hantaviruses: Implications from meta-analyses AN - 17861681; 6216174 AB - We applied a rigorous, quantitative methodology to the analysis of local-scale spatial clustering of multiple murid mice (brush mice, Peromyscus boylii; deer mice, P. maniculatus; pinon mice, P. truei; western harvest mice, Reithrodontomys megalotis) infected or uninfected with hantaviruses. Rodents were sampled longitudinally from 1994 to 2001 on 23 trapping webs at 10 locations in the southwestern United States. This study provided an opportunity to apply meta-analysis techniques to an important ecological question. There were sufficient captures by species on 199 occasions (three consecutive nights) to compare general use of space using multi-response permutation procedures (MRPP). The MRPP results were then used in meta-analyses by species to determine if overall effects of spatial clustering of hantavirus-infected mice as well as categorical effects (elevation, season, site, and state) were present. Based on MRPP analyses, overall spatial clustering of hantavirus-infected mice was most pronounced for brush mice, followed by the deer mouse. Meta-analyses indicated significant overall effects of spatial clustering and varying categorical effects (elevation, season, site, state) of infected mice for each species compared. The overlapping space use by rodents might be an important factor affecting the local transmission of several hantaviruses. JF - Ecological Applications AU - Root, J J AU - Wilson, K R AU - Calisher, CH AU - Wagoner, K D AU - Abbott, K D AU - Yates, T L AU - Kuenzi, A J AU - Morrison, M L AU - Mills, J N AU - Beaty, B J AD - National Wildlife Research Center, 4101 La Porte Avenue, Fort Collins, Colorado 80521 USA, Jeff.Root@aphis.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 565 EP - 574 VL - 15 IS - 2 SN - 1051-0761, 1051-0761 KW - Brush mouse KW - Western harvest mouse KW - Deer mouse KW - Pinon mouse KW - Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Reithrodontomys megalotis KW - Peromyscus truei KW - Peromyscus maniculatus KW - Trapping KW - Disease transmission KW - USA KW - Peromyscus boylii KW - Habitat utilization KW - Hantavirus KW - V 22143:Epizootiology KW - D 04672:Mammals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17861681?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Applications&rft.atitle=Spatial+clustering+of+murid+rodents+infected+with+hantaviruses%3A+Implications+from+meta-analyses&rft.au=Root%2C+J+J%3BWilson%2C+K+R%3BCalisher%2C+CH%3BWagoner%2C+K+D%3BAbbott%2C+K+D%3BYates%2C+T+L%3BKuenzi%2C+A+J%3BMorrison%2C+M+L%3BMills%2C+J+N%3BBeaty%2C+B+J&rft.aulast=Root&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=565&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Applications&rft.issn=10510761&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hantavirus; Peromyscus boylii; Reithrodontomys megalotis; Peromyscus maniculatus; Peromyscus truei; USA; Habitat utilization; Trapping; Disease transmission ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improving the specificity of 16S rDNA-based polymerase chain reaction for detecting Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato-causative agents of human Lyme disease AN - 17848543; 6255143 AB - Aims:16S rDNA sequences of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato were aligned with the 16S rDNA sequences of Borrelia hermsii, Borrelia turicatae, and Borrelia lonestari in order to identify primers that might be used to more specifically identify agents of human Lyme disease in ticks in human skin samples. Methods and Results:Standard polymerase chain reaction (PCR), using an oligonucleotide sequence, designated TEC1, was shown, in combination with a previously developed primer (LD2) to amplify strains of B. burgdorferi sensu stricto, Borrelia afzelii, and Borrelia garinii, but not the non-Lyme causing B. hermsii or B. turicatae. This primer pair, designated Bbsl, was successfully used to amplify B. burgdorferi sensu lato from skin biopsies of patients with Lyme disease symptoms as well as from Ixodes scapularis, Amblyomma americanum and Dermacentor variabilis ticks. Conclusions:The primer set Bbsl allows for the rapid detection and differentiation of B. burgdorferi sensu lato from non-Lyme disease-causing Borrelia species in ticks and human tissues. Significance and Impact of the Study:The PCR primer set, Bbsl, will greatly facilitate detection of the causative agents of Lyme disease in infected ticks and human skin samples assisting in epidemiological studies, and potentially allowing for a more rapid diagnosis of the disease in patients. JF - Journal of Applied Microbiology AU - Cyr, T L AU - Jenkins, M C AU - Hall, R D AU - Masters, E J AU - McDonald, G A AD - Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Beltsville, MD, USA, tcyr@anri.barc.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 962 EP - 970 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ UK, [URL:http://www.blackwellpublishing.com] VL - 98 IS - 4 SN - 1364-5072, 1364-5072 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Borrelia hermsii KW - Borrelia burgdorferi KW - Borrelia garinii KW - Dermacentor variabilis KW - Biopsy KW - Ixodes scapularis KW - Borrelia turicatae KW - Oligonucleotides KW - Amblyomma americanum KW - Differentiation KW - Borrelia afzelii KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Primers KW - rRNA 16S KW - Lyme disease KW - A 01116:Bacteria KW - J 02704:Enumeration UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17848543?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Improving+the+specificity+of+16S+rDNA-based+polymerase+chain+reaction+for+detecting+Borrelia+burgdorferi+sensu+lato-causative+agents+of+human+Lyme+disease&rft.au=Cyr%2C+T+L%3BJenkins%2C+M+C%3BHall%2C+R+D%3BMasters%2C+E+J%3BMcDonald%2C+G+A&rft.aulast=Cyr&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=98&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=962&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Microbiology&rft.issn=13645072&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2672.2005.02539.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Figures, 5; tables, 2. N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Differentiation; Polymerase chain reaction; Biopsy; Primers; Oligonucleotides; rRNA 16S; Lyme disease; Amblyomma americanum; Borrelia hermsii; Borrelia afzelii; Borrelia burgdorferi; Borrelia garinii; Dermacentor variabilis; Ixodes scapularis; Borrelia turicatae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.2005.02539.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Late Blight Caused by Phytophthora infestans on Solanum sarrachoides in Northeastern Maine AN - 17843585; 6231967 AB - The area bordering three 110-ha (270-acre) fields of blighted potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) in three northeastern Maine locations was surveyed during the summer of 2004 for the occurrence of late blight on cultivated and noncultivated host plants. Special attention was directed to solanaceous weed species. Hundreds of Solanum sarrachoides Sendt. ex. Mart. (hairy nightshade) plants with numerous leaf lesions and moderate defoliation were seen. The frequency of blighted hairy nightshade approximated the frequency of late blight in the adjoining potato fields. Lesions typically contained extensive, white, superficial mycelia colonizing the abaxial and adaxial leaf surfaces. Samples placed in a moist chamber produced lemon-shaped sporangia. On the basis of morphological characteristics, the pathogen was tentatively identified as Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary. Isolates were obtained by surface-disinfecting leaf sections collected from two locations for 2 to 3 min in 0.5% NaOCl and placing the sections on rye grain medium amended with antibiotics (100 ppm each of penicillin G, pimaricin, and polymyxin). P. infestans was confirmed after reisolating onto rye-lima bean medium. Pathogenicity was tested on detached potato, tomato, and hairy nightshade leaves; the undersides of all leaflets from replicate plants were inoculated with droplets of swimming zoospores ( greater than or equal to 500 zoospores per droplet), the leaves were kept at 17 degree C and 100% humidity, and the extent of sporulation was evaluated after 4, 6, and 7 days. With eight isolates obtained from S. sarrachoides, Koch's postulates were completed on potato and hairy nightshade. Radial growth responses of these strains on rye grain agar amended with 1, 10, or 100 mu g per ml of metalaxyl (Ridomil 2E) yielded 50% effective dose values greater than 100 mu g per ml, since percentage growth at the highest fungicide concentration exceeded 50% of the no metalaxyl control. These resistance levels are typical of the metalaxyl-insensitive strains of P. infestans isolated from potatoes in this area in recent years, which were previously found to correlate with metalaxyl resistance in bioassays using potato tissues. Eight single-sporangial isolates were homozygous for glucose-6-phosphate isomerase and peptidase (Gpi 100/111/122, Pep 100/100). All eight were A2-mating type and mitochondrial haplotype Ia, characteristics common to the US-8 clonal lineage of P. infestans from potato, which may infect a wider host range than the old US-1 clonal lineage. When evaluated on differential hosts, three isolates were tomato race PH-1 and complex potato race R 0,1,2,3,4,9,11. DNA fingerprint analysis with probe RG57 further established that the eight hairy nightshade isolates were identical to each other and to local P. infestans isolates from potato. To our knowledge, this is the first report of infection of S. sarrachoides by P. infestans in Maine. The pathogen was previously isolated from this host during field surveys in southern California in the 1980s in connection with late blight of tomato. Hairy nightshade has been shown to be a host for US-1, US-8, and US-11 isolates of P. infestans in a laboratory setting. The epidemiological significance of S. sarrachoides as an alternative or overwintering host of P. infestans is currently being assessed. JF - Plant Disease AU - Deahl, K L AU - Jones, R AU - Wanner, LA AD - USDA ARS, Vegetable Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 435 VL - 89 IS - 4 SN - 0191-2917, 0191-2917 KW - Potato KW - tomato KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Solanum sarrachoides KW - Weeds KW - Sporangia KW - Phytophthora infestans KW - Leaves KW - Mitochondria KW - Pathogens KW - Mycelia KW - peptidase KW - Beans KW - Penicillin KW - Lycopersicon esculentum KW - Metalaxyl KW - Haplotypes KW - Pathogenicity KW - Zoospores KW - Late blight KW - Solanum tuberosum KW - Fungicides KW - Grain KW - Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase KW - A 01028:Others KW - K 03089:Fungi: plant UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17843585?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Disease&rft.atitle=Late+Blight+Caused+by+Phytophthora+infestans+on+Solanum+sarrachoides+in+Northeastern+Maine&rft.au=Deahl%2C+K+L%3BJones%2C+R%3BWanner%2C+LA&rft.aulast=Deahl&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=89&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=435&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Disease&rft.issn=01912917&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPD-89-0435A LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sporangia; Weeds; Leaves; Mitochondria; Mycelia; Pathogens; peptidase; Penicillin; Beans; Metalaxyl; Pathogenicity; Haplotypes; Late blight; Zoospores; Fungicides; Grain; Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase; Lycopersicon esculentum; Solanum sarrachoides; Phytophthora infestans; Solanum tuberosum DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PD-89-0435A ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Penicillin-Binding Proteins in the Pathogenic Intestinal Spirochete Brachyspira pilosicoli AN - 17843164; 6243607 AB - Penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) of slightly different molecular masses (94, 62 or 68, 42 or 50, 25, and 22 kDa) were identified in one human and two porcine Brachyspira pilosicoli strains. Identification of PBPs of B. pilosicoli provides a basis for characterization of the genes encoding these proteins among pathogenic intestinal spirochetes of humans and animals. JF - Antimicrobial Agents & Chemotherapy AU - Dassanayake, Rohana P AU - Sarath, Gautam AU - Duhamel, Gerald E AD - Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln. USDA Agricultural Research Division, Lincoln, Nebraska Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 1561 EP - 1563 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 49 IS - 4 SN - 0066-4804, 0066-4804 KW - pigs KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Brachyspira pilosicoli KW - Spirochetes KW - Intestine KW - penicillin-binding protein KW - Antimicrobial agents KW - J 02727:Amino acids, peptides and proteins UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17843164?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Antimicrobial+Agents+%26+Chemotherapy&rft.atitle=Penicillin-Binding+Proteins+in+the+Pathogenic+Intestinal+Spirochete+Brachyspira+pilosicoli&rft.au=Dassanayake%2C+Rohana+P%3BSarath%2C+Gautam%3BDuhamel%2C+Gerald+E&rft.aulast=Dassanayake&rft.aufirst=Rohana&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1561&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Antimicrobial+Agents+%26+Chemotherapy&rft.issn=00664804&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Spirochetes; Intestine; penicillin-binding protein; Antimicrobial agents; Brachyspira pilosicoli ER - TY - JOUR T1 - First Report of Turnip mosaic virus in Rhubarb in Alaska AN - 17843140; 6231982 AB - In July 2003, noticeable red lesions were observed on rhubarb leaves (Rheum rhababarum cv. Kerwin) from a plant at the Arctic Plant Germplasm Research and Introduction Project in Palmer, AK. Extracts of leaf tissue tested positive for a potyvirus using indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and western blots with a monoclonal antibody specific to the potyvirus group (Agdia, Inc., Elkhart, IN). During the following growing season (June 2004), obvious chlorotic ringspots developed into red lesions on the same plant and an adjacent plant of the same cultivar. Partially purified particles that were isolated from the infected rhubarb plants were mechanically inoculated to an experimental host range (number of infected plants per total number of plants), resulting in lesions on leaves of Rheum palmatum (1 of 2) and Chenopodium amaranticolor (3 of 5) but none on C. quinoa (0 of 4). The leaves with local lesions from C. amaranticolor were ground in phosphate buffer (1 g of tissue per 10 ml of buffer), and the extract rubbed onto a set of plants resulting in lesions on R. hybridum (raponticum) (1 of 2), C. amaranticolor (1 of 4), and C. quinoa (1 of 4). The original diseased rhubarb plants and experimental symptomatic plants were confirmed to have a potyvirus using ELISA. Subsequent compound direct ELISA and western blot assays revealed that the virus reacted strongly to monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies to Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) (Agdia, Inc.). Total RNA was extracted from leaves of the naturally infected rhubarb plants with an RNeasy Plant Mini Kit (Qiagen Sciences, Germantown, Maryland), and used in reverse-transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with specific primers for TuMV predicted to amplify a 1,134-bp 3'-terminal cDNA fragment encompassing the 3'-end of the nuclear inclusion protein gene (NIb), the coat protein gene, and the 3'-nontranslated region. A PCR product of approximately the expected size was obtained and then sequenced. Sequences (1,077 nt) that corresponded to the TuMV coat protein gene and 3'-terminal noncoding region were submitted to Genbank (Accession No. AY744930). Blast searches against NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information) contained high identities to many TuMV isolates with up to 96% (1,043 of 1,077) nucleotide identity (i.e., GenBank Accession No. AF169561). Similar high identities of up to 97% at the amino acid level occurred within the coat protein coding region (i.e., GenBank Accession No. BAC02892.1). Infected rhubarb plants were removed from the site and none of the remaining 109 plants tested positive for TuMV using ELISA. On the basis of the mechanical transmission to plant hosts, the definitive TuMV serology, and the consensus of sequenced regions with TuMV, we concluded that the causal agent of the diseased rhubarb plants was TuMV. Although TuMV has a wide plant host range occurring worldwide, to our knowledge, this is the first report of TuMV in rhubarb in Alaska and the first time that TuMV has been detected in Alaska. JF - Plant Disease AU - Robertson, N L AU - Ianson, D C AD - USDA-ARS, Subarctic Agricultural Research Unit, Arctic Plant Germplasm Introduction and Research Project, Palmer, Alaska 99645, USA Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 430 VL - 89 IS - 4 SN - 0191-2917, 0191-2917 KW - Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Potyvirus KW - Western blotting KW - Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay KW - Amino acids KW - Host range KW - Monoclonal antibodies KW - Leaves KW - Serology KW - Host plants KW - Chenopodium KW - Disease transmission KW - Antibodies KW - Phosphate KW - RNA KW - cDNA KW - Turnip mosaic virus KW - Inclusion bodies KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Rheum KW - Coat protein KW - Primers KW - Plant extracts KW - A 01028:Others KW - V 22181:Detection UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17843140?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Disease&rft.atitle=First+Report+of+Turnip+mosaic+virus+in+Rhubarb+in+Alaska&rft.au=Robertson%2C+N+L%3BIanson%2C+D+C&rft.aulast=Robertson&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=89&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=430&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Disease&rft.issn=01912917&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPD-89-0430B LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Western blotting; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Host range; Amino acids; Monoclonal antibodies; Leaves; Host plants; Serology; Disease transmission; Antibodies; RNA; Phosphate; cDNA; Polymerase chain reaction; Inclusion bodies; Primers; Coat protein; Plant extracts; Potyvirus; Turnip mosaic virus; Rheum; Chenopodium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PD-89-0430B ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predictive mapping for tree sizes and densities in southeast Alaska AN - 17836558; 6203041 AB - The Forest Service has relied on a single forest measure, timber volume, to meet many management and planning information needs in southeast Alaska. This economic-based categorization of forest types tends to mask critical information relevant to other contemporary forest-management issues, such as modeling forest structure, ecosystem diversity, or wildlife habitat. We propose the joint distribution of tree density and mean tree diameter as a more comprehensive set of forest measures. Focusing on those measures, we build a predictive-mapping model by using existing geographic information system data resources and existing ground-sampled inventory data. The utility of our predictive-mapping model will need to be tested with additional intensive ground-sampled data and in applications that involve forest managers, planners, and biologists. Such tests will reveal the model's utility in addressing contemporary forest- management problems and information needs. JF - Landscape and Urban Planning AU - Caouette, J P AU - DeGayner, E J AD - USDA Forest Service, Alaska Region, P.O. Box 21628, Juneau, AK 99802, USA, jcaouette@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 49 EP - 63 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 72 IS - 1-3 SN - 0169-2046, 0169-2046 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - USA, Alaska KW - Inventories KW - Forest management KW - Mathematical models KW - Trees KW - Planning KW - Geographic information systems KW - Habitat KW - D 04700:Management KW - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17836558?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Landscape+and+Urban+Planning&rft.atitle=Predictive+mapping+for+tree+sizes+and+densities+in+southeast+Alaska&rft.au=Caouette%2C+J+P%3BDeGayner%2C+E+J&rft.aulast=Caouette&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=49&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Landscape+and+Urban+Planning&rft.issn=01692046&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.landurbplan.2004.09.012 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA, Alaska; Forest management; Mathematical models; Trees; Planning; Habitat; Inventories; Geographic information systems DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2004.09.012 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The challenges associated with developing science-based landscape scale management plans AN - 17833970; 6203045 AB - Planning activities over large landscapes poses a complex of challenges when trying to balance the implementation of a conservation strategy while still allowing for a variety of consumptive and nonconsumptive uses. We examine a case in southeast Alaska to illustrate the breadth of these challenges and an approach to developing a science-based resource plan. Not only was the planning area, the Tongass National Forest, USA, exceptionally large (approximately 17 million acres or 6.9 million ha), but it also is primarily an island archipelago environment. The water system surrounding and going through much of the forest provides access to facilitate the movement of people, animals, and plants but at the same time functions as a barrier to others. This largest temperate rainforest in the world is an exceptional example of the complexity of managing at such a scale but also illustrates the role of science in the planning process. As we enter the 21st century, the list of questions needing scientific investigation has not only changed dramatically, but the character of the questions also has changed. Questions are contentious, cover broad scales in space and time, and are highly complex and interdependent. The provision of unbiased and objective information to all stakeholders is an important step in informed decision-making. JF - Landscape and Urban Planning AU - Szaro, R C AU - Boyce, DA AU - Puchlerz, T AD - USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, P.O. Box 3890, Portland, OR 97208, USA, rszaro@usgs.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 3 EP - 12 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 72 IS - 1-3 SN - 0169-2046, 0169-2046 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Decision making KW - Forest management KW - Rain forests KW - USA KW - Islands KW - Landscape KW - Planning KW - Conservation KW - D 04700:Management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17833970?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Landscape+and+Urban+Planning&rft.atitle=The+challenges+associated+with+developing+science-based+landscape+scale+management+plans&rft.au=Szaro%2C+R+C%3BBoyce%2C+DA%3BPuchlerz%2C+T&rft.aulast=Szaro&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Landscape+and+Urban+Planning&rft.issn=01692046&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.landurbplan.2004.09.011 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; Planning; Landscape; Forest management; Conservation; Islands; Rain forests; Decision making DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2004.09.011 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Young-stand management options and their implications for wood quality and other values AN - 17832144; 6203047 AB - This study used the forest vegetation simulator (FVS), empirical wood product recovery information, and expert judgments to examine volume production and potential revenues for different silvicultural prescriptions grown to rotation ages of 70, 110, and 150 years. Our intention was to provide policymakers and managers with some of the information needed to evaluate the merits of extensive (custodial) and intensive (various levels of thinning) management options for young-growth forests in southeast Alaska. At rotation ages of about 70 years, a prescription that included a precommercial thinning (PCT) to 3.7 m x 3.7 m spacing at 20 years (PCT 12) produced more merchantable volume than three other prescriptions: 5.5 m x 5.5 m precommercial thinning at 20 years (PCT 18), commercial thinning to 6.1 m x 6.1 m at 60 years (CT), and a passive management prescription (PAS) with no stand tending. A combination of PCT and CT was also examined for the 110-year rotation. The PCT 18 prescription usually produced lower merchantable volume than the other prescriptions and was never better than next to the last in merchantable volume production. In the longer rotations, the PAS prescription caught up with the PCT 12 prescription on both a high-productivity site (Sitka spruce [Picea sitchensis] height of 27.4 m in 50 years [high site class, 90 ft]) and a low-productivity site (Sitka spruce height of 18.3 m in 50 years [low site class, 60 ft]). Wood grown under the PAS, CT, and PCT + CT prescriptions is expected to have a broader product potential than the PCT prescriptions. This should allow manufacture of higher value products from the non-PCT prescriptions. As a result, revenue per m super(3) from both the CT and the PAS prescriptions surpassed the PCT 12 prescription at 110 and 150 years, but no economic analysis was conducted to examine returns on investments for the different prescriptions. JF - Landscape and Urban Planning AU - Barbour, R J AU - Zaborske, R R AU - McClellan, M H AU - Christian, L AU - Golnick, D AD - USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Forestry Sciences Laboratory, P.O. Box 3890, Portland, OR 97208, USA, jbarbour01@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 79 EP - 94 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 72 IS - 1-3 SN - 0169-2046, 0169-2046 KW - Sitka spruce KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - USA, Alaska KW - Silviculture KW - Forest management KW - Thinning KW - Vegetation patterns KW - Landscape KW - Planning KW - Economics KW - Wood KW - Picea sitchensis KW - D 04700:Management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17832144?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Landscape+and+Urban+Planning&rft.atitle=Young-stand+management+options+and+their+implications+for+wood+quality+and+other+values&rft.au=Barbour%2C+R+J%3BZaborske%2C+R+R%3BMcClellan%2C+M+H%3BChristian%2C+L%3BGolnick%2C+D&rft.aulast=Barbour&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=79&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Landscape+and+Urban+Planning&rft.issn=01692046&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.landurbplan.2004.09.014 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Picea sitchensis; USA, Alaska; Thinning; Wood; Forest management; Economics; Silviculture; Vegetation patterns; Planning; Landscape DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2004.09.014 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Maintaining wildlife habitat in southeastern Alaska: implications of new knowledge for forest management and research AN - 17832130; 6203039 AB - We review results and implications from recent wildlife studies that followed from the 1997 Tongass Land Management Plan (TLMP) and identify information needs and directions for research, development, and application. Sustained population viability of wildlife species was identified as a major issue in the TLMP planning process. Several species were identified as management indicator species, and research was conducted to determine their potential sensitivity to forest management. Southeastern Alaska was found to be a region with an especially high degree of endemism in its small mammal fauna, principally because of the combination of its archipelago geography combined with highly dynamic glacial history. Two species of endemic small mammals selected for demographic study, however, appeared to be less dependent on old- growth forests than had been suspected at the time TLMP was written: the northern flying squirrel (Glaucomys sabrinus) because of relatively high suitability of noncommercial, low-volume, mixed-conifer forest; and the southern red-backed vole (Clethrionomys gapperi) because of relatively high suitability of precommercially thinned young-growth forest. The northern goshawk (Accipiter gentilis) was found to be problematic for "management indicator" status because of logistical difficulties involved in monitoring this relatively rare, highly mobile species that frequently changes nest sites. Sampling protocols were developed for marbled murrelet (Brachyramphus marmoratus), although murrelet populations do not appear to be in trouble on the Tongass. The conservation strategy of TLMP for American marten (Martes americana) appeared to be sound on Chichagof Island where marten have been studied intensively, but implications for the rest of southeastern Alaska were unclear without further work. Studies of the Alexander Archipelago wolf (Canis lupus ligoni) indicated that population density of black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus) and road access (to wolf hunters) were the predominant factors affecting wolf productivity and mortality, respectively. Finally, studies of bird community response to timber-harvest alternatives to clearcutting indicated that although creation of forest "edge" may increase nest predation rates, the actual response depends on a broad array of factors and is highly variable. We suggest that research, development, and application focus on plant and animal communities and management of vegetation to achieve specific objectives for wildlife habitat. We suggest that such efforts emphasize silviculture of second- growth forests, understanding old-growth reserves, distribution of endemic small mammals, and alternatives to clearcutting. Models for evaluating black-tailed deer habitat and populations are needed for subsistence-hunting management, and some work needs to be directed at interactions between tourism and selected wildlife species. JF - Landscape and Urban Planning AU - Hanley, T A AU - Smith, W P AU - Gende, S M AD - USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 2770 Sherwood Lane, Suite 2-A, Juneau, AK 99801-8545, USA, thanley@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 113 EP - 133 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 72 IS - 1-3 SN - 0169-2046, 0169-2046 KW - American Pine Marten KW - American Marten KW - Marbled murrelet KW - Northern goshawk KW - Southern red-backed vole KW - Gray wolf KW - Northern flying squirrel KW - Mule deer KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Forest management KW - Wildlife management KW - Population density KW - Management plans KW - Nests KW - Vegetation cover KW - Vegetation patterns KW - Planning KW - Accipiter gentilis KW - Habitat utilization KW - Sampling KW - Canis lupus KW - National forests KW - USA, Alaska KW - Brachyramphus marmoratus KW - Glaucomys sabrinus KW - Clethrionomys gapperi KW - Environmental planning KW - Wildlife KW - Odocoileus hemionus KW - Endemism KW - Habitat improvement KW - Conservation KW - Martes americana KW - D 04700:Management KW - M3 1140:Biodiversity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17832130?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Landscape+and+Urban+Planning&rft.atitle=Maintaining+wildlife+habitat+in+southeastern+Alaska%3A+implications+of+new+knowledge+for+forest+management+and+research&rft.au=Hanley%2C+T+A%3BSmith%2C+W+P%3BGende%2C+S+M&rft.aulast=Hanley&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=113&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Landscape+and+Urban+Planning&rft.issn=01692046&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.landurbplan.2004.09.016 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Martes americana; Brachyramphus marmoratus; Accipiter gentilis; Clethrionomys gapperi; Canis lupus; Glaucomys sabrinus; Odocoileus hemionus; USA, Alaska; Forest management; Wildlife; Environmental planning; Nests; Vegetation cover; Endemism; Conservation; National forests; Sampling; Management plans; Habitat improvement; Population density; Wildlife management; Habitat utilization; Planning; Vegetation patterns DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2004.09.016 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification of Transcripts Involved in Resistance Responses to Leaf Spot Disease Caused by Cercosporidium personatum in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) AN - 17831418; 6219194 AB - Late leaf spot disease caused by Cercosporidium personatum is one of the most destructive foliar diseases of peanut (Arachis kypogaea) worldwide. The objective of this research was to identify resistance genes in response to leaf spot disease using microarray and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). To identify transcripts involved in disease resistance, we studied the gene expression profiles in two peanut genotypes, resistant or susceptible to leaf spot disease, using cDNA microarray containing 384 unigenes selected from two expressed sequenced tag (EST) cDNA libraries challenged by abiotic and biotic stresses. A total of 112 spots representing 56 genes in several functional categories were detected as up-regulated genes (log sub(2) ratio > l). Seventeen of the top 20 genes, each matching gene with known function in GenBank, were selected for validation of their expression levels using real-time PCR. The two peanut genotypes were also used to study the functional analysis of these genes and the possible link of these genes to the disease resistance trait. Microarray technology and real-time PCR were used for comparison of gene expression. The selected genes identified by microarray analysis were validated by real-time PCR. These genes were more greatly expressed in the resistant genotype as a result of response to the challenge of C. personatum than in the susceptible genotype. Further investigations are needed to characterize each of these genes in disease resistance. Gene probes could then be developed for application in breeding programs for marker-assisted selection. JF - Phytopathology AU - Luo, M AU - Dang, P AU - Bausher, M G AU - Holbrook, C C AU - Lee, R D AU - Lynch, R E AU - Guo, B Z AD - USDA-ARS, Crop Protection and Management Research Unit, Tifton, GA 31793, USA, bguo@tifton.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 381 EP - 387 PB - American Phytopathological Society VL - 95 IS - 4 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Peanut KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Arachis hypogaea KW - Probes KW - Leaves KW - Nuts KW - Disease resistance KW - Genotypes KW - expressed sequence tags KW - DNA microarrays KW - marker-assisted selection KW - Cercosporidium personatum KW - Gene expression KW - Breeding KW - cDNA KW - Leafspot KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Foliar diseases KW - K 03089:Fungi: plant KW - A 01025:Leguminous crops UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17831418?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Identification+of+Transcripts+Involved+in+Resistance+Responses+to+Leaf+Spot+Disease+Caused+by+Cercosporidium+personatum+in+Peanut+%28Arachis+hypogaea%29&rft.au=Luo%2C+M%3BDang%2C+P%3BBausher%2C+M+G%3BHolbrook%2C+C+C%3BLee%2C+R+D%3BLynch%2C+R+E%3BGuo%2C+B+Z&rft.aulast=Luo&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=95&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=381&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPHYTO-95-0381 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Leaves; Probes; Nuts; Genotypes; Disease resistance; DNA microarrays; expressed sequence tags; marker-assisted selection; Gene expression; Breeding; cDNA; Leafspot; Polymerase chain reaction; Foliar diseases; Cercosporidium personatum; Arachis hypogaea DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-95-0381 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potential management of young-growth stands for understory vegetation and wildlife habitat in southeastern Alaska AN - 17831009; 6203040 AB - I review the current state of knowledge about dynamics of understory vegetation in postlogging succession and responses to silviculture treatments in southeastern Alaska, and I derive implications for future research and development. The classic Alaback [Ecology 63 (1982) 1932] model of postlogging succession has dominated ecological thinking in the region for the past two decades. Understory vegetation is believed to increase dramatically immediately after logging but decrease to near-zero levels as the young stands attain conifer canopy closure. Depauperate understories are believed to persist for >100 years. Early studies indicated that understory response to thinning of even-aged stands is mainly by dominant shrubs and is short-lived; response by herbs, especially forbs, is slight. Western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla) was identified as a potential long-lived, second layer, understory dominant in stands thinned to wide spacing. Recent studies, however, indicate three important deviations from conventional wisdom: (1) Red alder (Alnus rubra)- conifer, even-aged stands produce species-rich and high-biomass understories comparable to those of old-growth forests and much greater than similar-aged pure conifer stands. (2) "Commercial thinning" of older, even-aged stands may result in much greater understory biomass, including forbs, than previously thought, but time requirements might be longer than previously thought. (3) Extrapolation of data from small scales of research plots to large scales of timber-management stands tends to greatly overestimate stand homogeneity and underestimate understory biomass of even-aged conifer stands. The new findings provide a basis for renewed research into even-aged stand management in southeastern Alaska. I suggest a two-pronged approach emphasizing autecological studies of light and soil requirements of major understory species coupled with an "engineering" approach to designing optimal understory environments through silviculture. New silviculture prescriptions can be designed for specific understory objectives. Testing and application of new prescriptions is recommended at the scale of timber-management stands through adaptive management studies in collaboration between the Pacific Northwest Research Station and the Tongass National Forest. JF - Landscape and Urban Planning AU - Hanley, T A AD - USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 2770 Sherwood Lane, Suite 2-A, Juneau, AK 99801, USA, thanley@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 95 EP - 112 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 72 IS - 1-3 SN - 0169-2046, 0169-2046 KW - Western hemlock KW - Pacific hemlock KW - Alders KW - Red alder KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Forest management KW - Forbs KW - Alnus KW - Succession KW - Logging KW - Vegetation cover KW - Silviculture KW - Alnus rubra KW - Tsuga heterophylla KW - Understory KW - National forests KW - Homogeneity KW - USA, Alaska KW - Vegetation KW - Adaptive management KW - Biomass KW - Conifers KW - Thinning KW - D 04700:Management KW - M3 1140:Biodiversity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17831009?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Landscape+and+Urban+Planning&rft.atitle=Potential+management+of+young-growth+stands+for+understory+vegetation+and+wildlife+habitat+in+southeastern+Alaska&rft.au=Hanley%2C+T+A&rft.aulast=Hanley&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=95&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Landscape+and+Urban+Planning&rft.issn=01692046&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.landurbplan.2004.09.015 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Tsuga heterophylla; Alnus; Alnus rubra; USA, Alaska; Understory; Conifers; Silviculture; Vegetation cover; Biomass; Forbs; Succession; National forests; Homogeneity; Adaptive management; Logging; Vegetation; Thinning; Forest management DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2004.09.015 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Maintenance of a narrow host range by Oxyops vitiosa; a biological control agent of Melaleuca quinquenervia AN - 17801980; 6162046 AB - Host range expansion in insect herbivores is often thought to be mediated by several factors, principal among them are secondary plant metabolites. In weed biological control, the host range of a prospective agent is one of the most important considerations in its implementation. Extensive host testing tests seek to determine the behavioral acceptance and nutritional value of different test plant species to the potential agent. A list of test plants is compiled that comprises species that are close taxonomic relatives of the target weed plus other species of economic or ecologic importance. The host testing of the Melaleuca quinquenervia biological control agent Oxyops vitiosa indicated that larvae would accept and complete development on the Australian target weed M. quinquenervia, two Australian ornamental species, Callistemon citrina, Callistemon viminalis (all Myrtaceae). However, the larvae did not complete development when fed a North American species Myrica cerifera (Myricaceae). The study reported here confirms these results and examines the nutritional and performance differences in O. vitiosa larvae fed leaves of these species. The leaf quality factors, percent moisture, percent nitrogen, toughness, and terpenoid content were related to larval survival, performance and digestive indices. The results indicate that plant quality among the Myrtaceae species was generally similar and correspondingly larval survival, performance and digestive indices differed little when larvae were fed leaves of these species. However, significant differences occurred in the plant quality of the North American M. cerifera compared with the Australian species which had leaves with the lowest percent moisture, lowest leaf toughness, highest percent nitrogen. This species, however, is not a physiological host as none of the neonates survived to pupate. When third instars were switched to M. cerifera from their normal host M. quinquenervia reductions were found in survival, biomass gain, digestive efficiency, and conversion of digested food to insect biomass. The marginal acceptance of this North American native plant in laboratory bioassays appears related to the terpenoid chemistry that has similarities to the taxonomically unrelated host M. quinquenervia. However, the high larval mortality corresponds to several novel terpenoids that are not present in the host. For weed biological control host testing these results indicate that M. cerifera is a poor host for O. vitiosa. Additionally, future test plant lists should include plants with secondary metabolites similar to the target weed as these compounds may constitute behavioral cues that are relevant to these specialized herbivores. JF - Biochemical Systematics and Ecology AU - Wheeler, G S AD - USDA/ARS Invasive Plant Research Lab and University of Florida, 3205 College Avenue, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA, wheelerg@saa.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 365 EP - 383 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., Pergamon, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 33 IS - 4 SN - 0305-1978, 0305-1978 KW - Bottle brush tree KW - Cajeput tree KW - Myrtles KW - Southern bayberry KW - Sweet gale KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Host plant range KW - Nutritional quality KW - Weed biological control KW - Nitrogen KW - Terpenoids KW - Biological control KW - Mortality KW - Weeds KW - Host range KW - Leaves KW - Myrica cerifera KW - Survival KW - Metabolites KW - Development KW - Biomass KW - Callistemon KW - Host plants KW - Food conversion KW - Oxyops vitiosa KW - Myrtaceae KW - Herbivores KW - Melaleuca quinquenervia KW - Myricaceae KW - Economics KW - Secondary metabolites KW - Australia KW - Neonates KW - A 01030:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17801980?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemical+Systematics+and+Ecology&rft.atitle=Maintenance+of+a+narrow+host+range+by+Oxyops+vitiosa%3B+a+biological+control+agent+of+Melaleuca+quinquenervia&rft.au=Wheeler%2C+G+S&rft.aulast=Wheeler&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=365&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochemical+Systematics+and+Ecology&rft.issn=03051978&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.bse.2004.10.010 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological control; Weeds; Mortality; Host range; Leaves; Survival; Metabolites; Development; Biomass; Host plants; Food conversion; Herbivores; Economics; Secondary metabolites; Neonates; Nitrogen; Oxyops vitiosa; Myrtaceae; Melaleuca quinquenervia; Myricaceae; Myrica cerifera; Callistemon; Australia DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2004.10.010 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Weed control and cover crop management affect mycorrhizal colonization of grapevine roots and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal spore populations in a California vineyard AN - 17781050; 6196419 AB - Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi naturally colonize grapevines in California vineyards. Weed control and cover cropping may affect AM fungi directly, through destruction of extraradical hyphae by soil disruption, or indirectly, through effects on populations of mycorrhizal weeds and cover crops. We examined the effects of weed control (cultivation, post-emergence herbicides, pre-emergence herbicides) and cover crops (Secale cereale cv. Merced rye, x Triticosecale cv. Trios 102) on AM fungi in a Central Coast vineyard. Seasonal changes in grapevine mycorrhizal colonization differed among weed control treatments, but did not correspond with seasonal changes in total weed frequency. Differences in grapevine colonization among weed control treatments may be due to differences in mycorrhizal status and/or AM fungal species composition among dominant weed species. Cover crops had no effect on grapevine mycorrhizal colonization, despite higher spring spore populations in cover cropped middles compared to bare middles. Cover crops were mycorrhizal and shared four AM fungal species (Glomus aggregatum, G. etunicatum, G. mosseae, G. scintillans) in common with grapevines. Lack of contact between grapevine roots and cover crop roots may have prevented grapevines from accessing higher spore populations in the middles. JF - Mycorrhiza AU - Baumgartner, K AU - Smith, R F AU - Bettiga, L AD - USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA, kbaumgartner@ucdavis.edu Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 111 EP - 119 VL - 15 IS - 2 SN - 0940-6360, 0940-6360 KW - Rye KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Vineyards KW - Weeds KW - Roots KW - Glomus KW - Soil KW - Colonization KW - Species composition KW - USA, California KW - Seasonal variations KW - Coasts KW - Mycorrhizas KW - Hyphae KW - Herbicides KW - Cover crops KW - Weed control KW - arbuscular mycorrhizas KW - Spores KW - Secale cereale KW - A 01047:General KW - K 03096:Mycorrhiza UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17781050?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mycorrhiza&rft.atitle=Weed+control+and+cover+crop+management+affect+mycorrhizal+colonization+of+grapevine+roots+and+arbuscular+mycorrhizal+fungal+spore+populations+in+a+California+vineyard&rft.au=Baumgartner%2C+K%3BSmith%2C+R+F%3BBettiga%2C+L&rft.aulast=Baumgartner&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=111&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mycorrhiza&rft.issn=09406360&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00572-004-0309-2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Glomus; Secale cereale; USA, California; Cover crops; Weed control; Colonization; Vineyards; Weeds; Spores; Roots; Seasonal variations; arbuscular mycorrhizas; Herbicides; Coasts; Soil; Species composition; Mycorrhizas; Hyphae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00572-004-0309-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Accounting for inherent variability of growth in microbial risk assessment AN - 17663951; 6447321 AB - Risk assessments of pathogens need to account for the growth of small number of cells under varying conditions. In order to determine the possible risks that occur when there are small numbers of cells, stochastic models of growth are needed that would capture the distribution of the number of cells over replicate trials of the same scenario or environmental conditions. This paper provides a simple stochastic growth model, accounting only for inherent cell-growth variability, assuming constant growth kinetic parameters, for an initial, small, numbers of cells assumed to be transforming from a stationary to an exponential phase. Two, basic, microbial sets of assumptions are considered: serial, where it is assume that cells transform through a lag phase before entering the exponential phase of growth; and parallel, where it is assumed that lag and exponential phases develop in parallel. The model is based on, first determining the distribution of the time when growth commences, and then modelling the conditional distribution of the number of cells. For the latter distribution, it is found that a Weibull distribution provides a simple approximation to the conditional distribution of the relative growth, so that the model developed in this paper can be easily implemented in risk assessments using commercial software packages. JF - International Journal of Food Microbiology AU - Marks, H M AU - Coleman, ME AD - US Department of Agriculture, Food Safety and Inspection Service, United States, harry.marks@fsis.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 275 EP - 287 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 100 IS - 1-3 SN - 0168-1605, 0168-1605 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - A 01017:Human foods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17663951?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Food+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Accounting+for+inherent+variability+of+growth+in+microbial+risk+assessment&rft.au=Marks%2C+H+M%3BColeman%2C+ME&rft.aulast=Marks&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=100&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=275&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Food+Microbiology&rft.issn=01681605&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ijfoodmicro.2004.10.031 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2004.10.031 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coevolution And Biogeography Among Nematodirinae (Nematoda: Trichostrongylina) Lagomorpha And Artiodactyla (Mammalia): Exploring Determinants Of History And Structure For The Northern Fauna Across The Holarctic AN - 17653426; 6246982 AB - Nematodes of the subfamily Nematodirinae are characteristic components of a Holarctic fauna. The topology of a generic-level phylogenetic hypothesis, patterns of diversity, and geographic distributions for respective nematode taxa in conjunction with data for host occurrence are consistent with primary distributions determined across Beringia for species of Murielus, Rauschia, Nematodirus, and Nematodirella. Ancestral hosts are represented by Lagomorpha, with evidence for a minimum of 1 host-switching-event and subsequent radiation in the Artiodactyla. Diversification may reflect vicariance of respective faunas along with episodic or cyclical range expansion and isolation across Beringia during the late Tertiary and Quaternary. Secondarily, species of Nematodirus attained a distribution in the Neotropical region with minimal diversification of an endemic fauna represented by Nematodirus molini among tayassuids, Nematodirus lamae among camelids and Nematodirus urichi in cervids during the Pleistocene. Nematodirines are a core component of an Arctic-Boreal fauna of zooparasitic nematodes (defined by latitude and altitude) adapted to transmission in extreme environments characterized by seasonally low temperatures and varying degrees of desiccation. The history and distribution of this fauna is examined in the context of biotic and abiotic determinants for geographic colonization and host switching with an exploration of predicted responses of complex host-parasite systems to ecological perturbation under a regime of global climate change. JF - Journal of Parasitology AU - Hoberg, E P AD - U.S. National Parasite Collection and the Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, BARC East No. 1180, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, Maryland 20705-2350, ehoberg@anri.barc.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 358 EP - 369 PB - American Society of Parasitologists VL - 91 IS - 2 SN - 0022-3395, 0022-3395 KW - Artiodactyls KW - Lagomorphs KW - Mammals KW - Nematodes KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04656:Nematodes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17653426?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Parasitology&rft.atitle=Coevolution+And+Biogeography+Among+Nematodirinae+%28Nematoda%3A+Trichostrongylina%29+Lagomorpha+And+Artiodactyla+%28Mammalia%29%3A+Exploring+Determinants+Of+History+And+Structure+For+The+Northern+Fauna+Across+The+Holarctic&rft.au=Hoberg%2C+E+P&rft.aulast=Hoberg&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=91&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=358&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Parasitology&rft.issn=00223395&rft_id=info:doi/10.1043%2F0022-3395%282005%290912.0.CO%3B2 L2 - http://journals.allenpress.com/jrnlserv/?request=get-abstract&issn=0022-3395&volume=91&issue=2&page=358 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1043/0022-3395(2005)091[0358:CABANN]2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Models of the behavior of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in raw sterile ground beef stored at 5 to 46 C AN - 17651663; 6447339 AB - Escherichia coli O157:H7 can contaminate raw ground beef and cause serious human foodborne illness. Previous reports describe the behavior of E. coli O157:H7 in ground beef under different storage conditions; however, models are lacking for the pathogen's behavior in raw ground beef stored over a broad range of temperature. Using sterile irradiated raw ground beef, the behavioral kinetics of 10 individual E. coli O157:H7 strains and/or a 5-or 10-strain cocktail were measured at storage temperatures from 5 to 46 C. Growth occurred from 6 to 45 C. Although lag phase duration (LPD) decreased from 10.5 to 45 C, no lag phase was observed at 6, 8, or 10 C. The specific growth rate (SGR) increased from 6 to 42 C then declined up to 45 C. In contrast to these profiles, the maximum population density (MPD) declined with increasing temperature, from approximately 9.7 to 8.2 log cfu/g. Bias (B sub(f)) and accuracy (A sub(f)) factors for an E. coli O157:H7 broth-based aerobic growth model (10 to 42 C) applied to the observations in ground beef were 1.05, 2.70, 1.00 and 1.29, 2.87, 1.03, for SGR, LPD and MPD, respectively. New secondary models increased the accuracy of predictions (5 to 45 C), with B sub(f) and A sub(f) for SGR, LPD, and MPD of 1.00, 1.06, and 1.00 and 1.14, 1.33, and 1.02, respectively. These new models offer improved tools for designing and implementing food safety systems and assessing the impact of E. coli O157:H7 disease. JF - International Journal of Food Microbiology AU - Tamplin, M L AU - Paoli, G AU - Marmer, B S AU - Phillips, J AD - Microbial Food Safety Research Unit, Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA, 19038, United States, mtamplin@errc.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 335 EP - 344 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 100 IS - 1-3 SN - 0168-1605, 0168-1605 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - A 01019:Sterilization, preservation & packaging KW - H 4000:Food and Drugs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17651663?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Food+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Models+of+the+behavior+of+Escherichia+coli+O157%3AH7+in+raw+sterile+ground+beef+stored+at+5+to+46+C&rft.au=Tamplin%2C+M+L%3BPaoli%2C+G%3BMarmer%2C+B+S%3BPhillips%2C+J&rft.aulast=Tamplin&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=100&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=335&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Food+Microbiology&rft.issn=01681605&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ijfoodmicro.2004.10.029 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2004.10.029 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of real-time PCR to examine the relationship between disease severity in pea and Aphanomyces euteiches DNA content in roots AN - 17638677; 6461009 AB - Aphanomyces euteiches causes severe root rot of peas. Resistance is limited in commercial pea cultivars. Real-time fluorescent PCR assay specific for A. euteiches was used to study the relationship between disease severity and pathogen DNA content in infected peas. Five pea genotypes ranging in levels of resistance were inoculated with five isolates of A. euteiches. Plants were visually rated for disease development and the amount of pathogen DNA in roots was determined using the PCR assay. The susceptible genotypes Genie, DSP and Bolero tended to have significantly more disease and more pathogen DNA than the resistant genotypes 90-2079 and PI 180693. PI 180693 consistently had less disease, while 90-2079 had the lowest amount of pathogen DNA. The Spearman correlation between pathogen DNA quantity and disease development was positive and significant (P < 0.05) for three isolates, but was not significant for two other isolates. This suggests that the real-time PCR assay may have limited application as a selection tool for resistance in pea to A. euteiches. Its utility as a selection tool would be dependent on the correlation between disease development and pathogen DNA content for a given pathogen isolate. The accuracy and specificity of the real-time PCR assay suggests considerable application for the assay in the study of mechanisms of disease resistance and the study of microbial population dynamics in plants. JF - European Journal of Plant Pathology AU - Vandemark, G J AU - Gruenwald, N J AD - USDA-ARS, Vegetable and Forage Crop Research Unit, 24106 N. Bunn Road, Prosser, WA 99350, USA, gvandemark@pars.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 309 EP - 316 VL - 111 IS - 4 SN - 0929-1873, 0929-1873 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - K 03089:Fungi: plant KW - A 01025:Leguminous crops UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17638677?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=European+Journal+of+Plant+Pathology&rft.atitle=Use+of+real-time+PCR+to+examine+the+relationship+between+disease+severity+in+pea+and+Aphanomyces+euteiches+DNA+content+in+roots&rft.au=Vandemark%2C+G+J%3BGruenwald%2C+N+J&rft.aulast=Vandemark&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=111&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=309&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=European+Journal+of+Plant+Pathology&rft.issn=09291873&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10658-004-4170-0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10658-004-4170-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Weak vs. strong invaders of natural plant communities: Assessing invasibility and impact AN - 17619168; 6216181 AB - In response to the profound threat of exotic species to natural systems, much attention has been focused on the biotic resistance hypothesis, which predicts that diverse communities should better resist invasions. While studies of natural communities generally refute this hypothesis, reporting positive relationships between native species diversity and invasibility, some local-scale studies have instead obtained negative relationships. Most treatments of the topic have failed to recognize that all exotic invaders do not behave alike: while "weak" invaders become minor components of communities, "strong" invaders become community dominants at the expense of native species. At the same time, the specific impacts of strong invaders on communities are poorly documented yet critical to understanding implications of diversity loss. With these shortfalls in mind, we examined local-scale relationships between native and exotic plant taxa in bunchgrass communities of western Montana, USA. We found that measures of native species diversity and invasibility were positively correlated in communities with low levels of invasion where both weak and strong invaders occurred at low densities, but negatively correlated in communities with high levels of invasion where the strong invader Centaurea maculosa dominated. Furthermore, at both low and high levels of invasion, weak invaders tended to vary positively with native species richness while strong invaders varied negatively. Weak invaders determined positive overall relationships between native and exotic species in low invasion communities and appeared to coexist with native taxa. Strong invaders prevailed in high invasion communities, driving negative overall relationships therein. That negative relationships primarily reflected strong invader impacts was supported by the fact that negative correlations of C. maculosa with native species diversity and abundance held when we statistically controlled for levels of native species representing preinvasion conditions. In addition, negative associations of C. maculosa with native taxa varied in strength by functional group and species, with large effects on numerically dominant species, suggesting a dramatic shift in community composition and structure. The distinction between weak and strong invaders is important for reconciling conflicting results from previous studies of natural communities, and moving attention beyond the current debate surrounding the biotic resistance hypothesis. JF - Ecological Applications AU - Ortega, Y K AU - Pearson, DE AD - USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Forestry Sciences Laboratory, P.O. Box 8089, Missoula, Montana 59807 USA, yortega@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 651 EP - 661 VL - 15 IS - 2 SN - 1051-0761, 1051-0761 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - D 04625:Plants - general KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17619168?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Applications&rft.atitle=Weak+vs.+strong+invaders+of+natural+plant+communities%3A+Assessing+invasibility+and+impact&rft.au=Ortega%2C+Y+K%3BPearson%2C+DE&rft.aulast=Ortega&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=651&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Applications&rft.issn=10510761&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Antigenicity of Streptococcus agalactiae extracellular products and vaccine efficacy AN - 17617656; 6253631 AB - Streptococcus agalactiae is a major bacterial pathogen that is the cause of serious economic losses in many species of freshwater, marine and estuarine fish worldwide. A highly efficacious S. agalactiae vaccine was developed using extracellular products (ECP) and formalin-killed whole cells of S. agalactiae. The vaccine efficacy following storage of S. agalactiae ECP and formalin-killed S. agalactiae cells at 4 degree C for 1 year was determined. The stored ECP containing S. agalactiae formalin-killed cells failed to prevent morbidity and mortality among the vaccinated fish, and the relative percentage survival was 29. Serum antibody responses of the stored ECP and freshly prepared ECP against soluble whole cell extract of S. agalactiae indicated that significantly less antibody was produced in fish immunized with stored ECP and S. agalactiae cells than in those fish immunized with freshly prepared ECP and S. agalactiae cells at day 31 post-vaccination. Silver staining of sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gels and immunostaining of Western blots with tilapia antiserum to S. agalactiae revealed that predominant 54 and 55 kDa bands were present in the freshly prepared ECP fraction. The 55 kDa band was absent from the stored ECP and new bands below 54 kDa appeared on the Western blot. The results of this study on S. agalactiae ECP provide evidence for a correlation between protection and antibody production to ECP and for the importance of the 55 kDa ECP antigen for vaccine efficacy. JF - Journal of Fish Diseases AU - Pasnik, D J AU - Evans, J J AU - Panangala, V S AU - Klesius, PH AU - Shelby, R A AU - Shoemaker, CA AD - Aquatic Animal Health Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Chestertown, MD, USA, dpasnik@msa-stoneville.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 205 EP - 212 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ UK, [URL:http://www.blackwellpublishing.com] VL - 28 IS - 4 SN - 0140-7775, 0140-7775 KW - African mouthbrooders KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts KW - J 02834:Vaccination and immunization KW - Q3 01587:Diseases of Cultured Organisms KW - Q1 01587:Diseases of Cultured Organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17617656?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Fish+Diseases&rft.atitle=Antigenicity+of+Streptococcus+agalactiae+extracellular+products+and+vaccine+efficacy&rft.au=Pasnik%2C+D+J%3BEvans%2C+J+J%3BPanangala%2C+V+S%3BKlesius%2C+PH%3BShelby%2C+R+A%3BShoemaker%2C+CA&rft.aulast=Pasnik&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=205&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Fish+Diseases&rft.issn=01407775&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2761.2005.00619.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Figures, 4. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.2005.00619.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Examining the recent climate through the lens of ecology: Inferences from temporal pattern analysis AN - 17615842; 6216165 AB - Ecological theory asserts that the climate of a region exerts top-down controls on regional ecosystem patterns and processes, across space and time. To provide empirical evidence of climatic controls, it would be helpful to define climatic regions that minimized variance in key climate attributes, within climatic regions--define the periods and features of climatic regimes, and then look for concordance between regional climate and ecosystem patterns or processes. In the past, these steps have not been emphasized. Before we evaluated the recent climate of the northwestern United States, we established a Northwest climatic region by clustering time series of the Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) for the period of 1675-1978, for the western United States. The background climatic regime and anomalies of the recent northwestern U.S. climate were then identified through temporal pattern analysis involving application of correspondence analysis to the same PDSI time series. Our analysis distinguished 10 distinct periods and four unique types of regimes (climatic signals). Five of the 10 periods (79% of the similar to 300-year record) were marked by mild and equitable moisture conditions (Pacific regime), the "background" climate of the Northwest. The remaining periods were anomalies. Two periods displayed a high-variance, mixed signal marked by switching between severe to extreme annual to interannual dry and wet episodes (High/Mixed regime; 9% of the record). Two more periods displayed a moderate-variance, mixed signal marked by switching between moderate to severe annual to interannual dry and wet episodes (Moderate/Mixed regime; 5%). Only one period was unidirectional and relatively low variance, marked by persistent yet mild to moderate drought (Low/Dry regime, 7%). Our method distinguished decadal- to interdecadal-scale regimes, defined regime periods, and detected both mixed and unidirectional anomalies from the background climate. The ability to distinguish the variance, direction, and period of sequential climatic regimes provides a plausible basis for examining the role of past climate within terrestrial ecosystems of the Northwest. For example, we found concordance between the period of the Low/Dry anomaly and a period of tree establishment in the Olympic Mountains of Washington, close alignment between tree growth with the Moderate/Mixed and High/Mixed signals in Oregon, and a mixed fire response to mixed climatic signals in northeastern Oregon. Linking historical climatic regimes to particular ecosystem patterns and processes also aids in the prediction of future ecosystem changes by providing evidence of the kinds of interactions that may be anticipated. JF - Ecological Applications AU - Hessburg, P F AU - Kuhlmann, EE AU - Swetnam, T W AD - USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 1133 North Western Avenue, Wenatchee, Washington 98801 USA, phessburg@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 440 EP - 457 VL - 15 IS - 2 SN - 1051-0761, 1051-0761 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - M2 551.586:Biometeorology and Bioclimatology (551.586) KW - D 04099:Ecosystem studies - general UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17615842?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Applications&rft.atitle=Examining+the+recent+climate+through+the+lens+of+ecology%3A+Inferences+from+temporal+pattern+analysis&rft.au=Hessburg%2C+P+F%3BKuhlmann%2C+EE%3BSwetnam%2C+T+W&rft.aulast=Hessburg&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=440&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Applications&rft.issn=10510761&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Setting the stage for the development of a science-based Tongass land management plan AN - 17613161; 6203043 AB - This paper describes the physical nature of the Tongass National Forest, its salient natural resources, the social and economic importance of the resources, the complexity of the land management planning process, the chronology of the plan development, and the structure and function of the Pacific Northwest Research Station and Tongass National Forest planning partnership. Three features of the planning process were unique to the revision of the Tongass National Forest plan. First, a major goal was to produce a landscape-scale plan for long-term resource sustainability. Second, the 23-person planning team included six research scientists as full members. Finally, an agreement was reached between the Pacific Northwest Research Station and the Tongass National Forest to collaborate and obtain high-priority information needed for the next planning cycle. Benefits accrued to the Pacific Northwest Research Station by demonstrating the relevance of sound science in successful forest planning. Benefits also accrued to the USDA Forest Service Alaska Region in more informed, credible, and defensible decisions. Finally, benefits accrued at the national level when the process of conducting a science consistency check was incorporated into the regulations for forest planning. JF - Landscape and Urban Planning AU - Everest, F H AD - USDA Forest Service, Forestry Sciences Laboratory, 2770 Sherwood Lane, Suite 2A, Juneau 99801-8545, AK, USA, f.everest@att.net Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 13 EP - 24 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 72 IS - 1-3 SN - 0169-2046, 0169-2046 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04700:Management KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17613161?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Landscape+and+Urban+Planning&rft.atitle=Setting+the+stage+for+the+development+of+a+science-based+Tongass+land+management+plan&rft.au=Everest%2C+F+H&rft.aulast=Everest&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Landscape+and+Urban+Planning&rft.issn=01692046&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.landurbplan.2004.09.021 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2004.09.021 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An approach to effectiveness monitoring of floodplain channel aquatic habitat: channel condition assessment AN - 17613156; 6203034 AB - The condition of aquatic habitat and the health of species dependent on that habitat are issues of significant concern to land management agencies, other organizations, and the public at large in southeastern Alaska, as well as along much of the Pacific coastal region of North America. We develop and test a set of effectiveness monitoring procedures for measuring change in floodplain channel habitat in southeastern Alaska. Variables include measures of channel morphology, pool size, pool spatial density, and bed surface grain size distribution. These procedures provide methods of data collection and analysis that, in the context of a statistically defensible sampling protocol, allow for determination of rate and direction of change among different intensities of land use, and thereby evaluation of management strategies. Assessment of channel condition can also contribute to evaluation of both restoration needs and success of restoration activities. Information gained from these procedures, together with information, where available, on watershed and riparian condition and processes and land use history will contribute to interpretation of measured change and its linkage to specific disturbances. Relationships among channel condition indicators and salmonid densities as well as opportunities for future research to better understand ecosystem elements that support biologic productivity are addressed in a companion paper in this volume (Bryant and Edwards). JF - Landscape and Urban Planning AU - Woodsmith, R D AU - Noel, J R AU - Dilger, M L AD - USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 1133N Western Avenue, Wenatchee, WA 98801, USA, rwoodsmith@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 177 EP - 204 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 72 IS - 1-3 SN - 0169-2046, 0169-2046 KW - Salmonids KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - Q2 02171:Dynamics of lakes and rivers KW - D 04300:Aquatic ecosystems - general UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17613156?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Landscape+and+Urban+Planning&rft.atitle=An+approach+to+effectiveness+monitoring+of+floodplain+channel+aquatic+habitat%3A+channel+condition+assessment&rft.au=Woodsmith%2C+R+D%3BNoel%2C+J+R%3BDilger%2C+M+L&rft.aulast=Woodsmith&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=177&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Landscape+and+Urban+Planning&rft.issn=01692046&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.landurbplan.2004.09.018 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2004.09.018 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Extensive, strategic assessment of southeast Alaska's vegetative resources AN - 17610690; 6203038 AB - Effective natural resources management requires knowledge of the character of resources and of interactions between resource components. Estimates of forest and other vegetation resources are presented to provide managers with information about the character of the resource. Slightly less than half (48%) of southeast Alaska has some type of forest land cover, about 29% has nonforest vegetation, and the remaining 33% is barren or water. Most forest land (85%) and nonforest vegetation (77%) is managed by the U.S. Forest Service, Alaska Region (Region 10), Tongass National Forest. Estimates of change (excluding timber harvest) are presented for the forest component of the resource base. In general, forest growth exceeds mortality by a ratio of roughly 3 to 2. With the framework of the Alaska vegetation classification system (AVCS) as a basis, vegetation types were described and species richness and diversity values among the modified AVCS types were estimated. The highest species richness of vascular plants in closed forest occurs in the western hemlock-Alaska cedar type, the lowest in the Sitka spruce type. In the open forest category, the highest species richness is in the mixed conifer type and the lowest is again in the Sitka spruce type. JF - Landscape and Urban Planning AU - Van Hees, WWS AU - Mead, B R AD - USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Forestry Sciences Laboratory, 3301 C. St. Suite 200, Anchorage, AK 99503, USA, bvanhees@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 25 EP - 48 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 72 IS - 1-3 SN - 0169-2046, 0169-2046 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04700:Management KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17610690?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Landscape+and+Urban+Planning&rft.atitle=Extensive%2C+strategic+assessment+of+southeast+Alaska%27s+vegetative+resources&rft.au=Van+Hees%2C+WWS%3BMead%2C+B+R&rft.aulast=Van+Hees&rft.aufirst=WWS&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Saskatchewan+Law+Review&rft.issn=00364916&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2004.09.027 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evolutionary diversity and ecology of endemic small mammals of southeastern Alaska with implications for land management planning AN - 17608689; 6203037 AB - The dynamic geological history and naturally fragmented landscapes of southeastern Alaska create an environment with a high potential for endemism. The temperate rainforest of the region regenerates and develops slowly, and old- forest characteristics do not appear until 300 years following disturbance. The challenges of managing forest resources are intensified in island archipelagos because of the increased sensitivity of indigenous biota to disturbance and higher rates of extinction, especially among endemic organisms. Early expeditions of the large islands of the Alexander Archipelago (1% of all named islands) documented 27 endemic mammalian taxa. More recent studies with modern techniques found that some reputed endemics showed nominal levels of genetic divergence from other conspecific populations, but more divergence existed among several taxa than was reflected in the current taxonomy. Furthermore, the mammal fauna of southeastern Alaska has a nested structure with complex phylogeographic patterns suggesting multiple colonization events. Of eight taxa examined through phylogeographic analyses, five species showed acute genetic variation and divergence in mitochondrial sequences. Four species were comprised of coastal and continental clades (i.e. populations of recent common descent), whereas the fifth species showed a third clade. Conversely, the northern flying squirrel (Glaucomys sabrinus) and southern red-backed vole (Clethrionomys gapperi) were represented by relatively shallow divergent lineages. Still, G. sabrinus showed a distinct mitochondrial lineage on 11 islands (Prince of Wales Island complex), which exhibited severely reduced genetic variation. Moreover, flying squirrels in southeastern Alaska are genetically distinct from populations in the Pacific Northwest; as different as each is from the southern flying squirrel (G. volans). Recent ecological studies of endemic populations of the northern flying squirrel and the southern red-backed vole (reputed old-growth associates) suggest that risk of extirpation in managed landscapes is likely less than was presumed during recent land management planning in the region because: (1) abundant noncommercial forests apparently contribute to breeding populations of northern flying squirrels, which appear to have a more general lifestyle than populations in the Pacific Northwest; and (2) red-backed vole populations may be able to exist in managed young-growth stands that originated from clearcut logging. Still, there are essential questions for both species regarding the influence of annual population fluctuations on habitat distribution and population demography, stand and landscape features that restrict dispersal, and vegetative and structural characteristics of second-growth stands that will sustain breeding populations of both species. JF - Landscape and Urban Planning AU - Smith, W P AD - USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Forestry Sciences Laboratory, 2770 Sherwood Lane, Suite 2a, Juneau, AK 99801-8545, USA, winston_smith@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 135 EP - 155 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 72 IS - 1-3 SN - 0169-2046, 0169-2046 KW - Northern flying squirrel KW - Southern flying squirrel KW - Southern red-backed vole KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04700:Management KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17608689?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Saskatchewan+Law+Review&rft.atitle=Taxing+choices&rft.au=Johnson%2C+Rebecca%3BOleniuk%2C+Terri-Lee&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Rebecca&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=355&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Saskatchewan+Law+Review&rft.issn=00364916&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2004.09.026 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In vitro gas production as a surrogate measure of the fermentability of cellulosic biomass to ethanol AN - 17576682; 6400713 AB - Current methods for measuring ethanol yields from lignocellulosic biomass are relatively slow and are not well geared for analyzing large numbers of samples generated by feedstock management and breeding research. The objective of this study was to determine if an in vitro ruminal fermentation assay used in forage quality research was predictive of results obtained using a conventional biomass-to-ethanol conversion assay. In the conventional assay, herbaceous biomass samples were converted to ethanol by Saccharomyces cerevisiae cultures in the presence of cellulase enzymes. Cultures were grown in sealed serum bottles and gas production monitored by measuring increasing headspace pressure. Gas accumulation as calculated from the pressure measurements was highly correlated (r super(2)>0.9) with ethanol production measured by gas chromatography at 24 h or 7 days. The same feedstocks were also analyzed by in vitro ruminal digestion, as also measured by gas accumulation. Good correlations (r super(2) similar to 0.63-0.82) were observed between ethanol production during simultaneous saccharification and fermentation and gas accumulation in parallel in vitro ruminal fermentations. Because the in vitro ruminal fermentation assay can be performed without sterilization of the medium and does not require aseptic conditions, this assay may be useful for biomass feedstock agronomic and breeding research. Disclaimer: Mention of specific products is for informational purposes only and does not imply a warranty or recommendation of such products to the exclusion of other products that may also be suitable. JF - Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology AU - Weimer, P J AU - Dien, B S AU - Springer, T L AU - Vogel, K P AD - United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), U.S. Dairy Forage Research Center, Madison, WI, USA, pjweimer@wisc.edu Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 52 EP - 58 PB - Springer-Verlag (Berlin) VL - 67 IS - 1 SN - 0175-7598, 0175-7598 KW - budding yeast KW - Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Fermentation KW - Cell culture KW - Biomass KW - Sterilization KW - Cellulase KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae KW - Digestion KW - Breeding KW - Gas chromatography KW - Gas production KW - Headspace KW - Pressure KW - Ethanol KW - A 01015:Fermentation & related processes KW - W2 32580:Fermentation and process engineering KW - W4 320:Cell Culture & Batch Fermentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17576682?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Microbiology+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=In+vitro+gas+production+as+a+surrogate+measure+of+the+fermentability+of+cellulosic+biomass+to+ethanol&rft.au=Weimer%2C+P+J%3BDien%2C+B+S%3BSpringer%2C+T+L%3BVogel%2C+K+P&rft.aulast=Weimer&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=52&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Microbiology+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=01757598&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00253-004-1844-7 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Digestion; Breeding; Gas chromatography; Fermentation; Gas production; Headspace; Cell culture; Pressure; Biomass; Cellulase; Sterilization; Ethanol; Saccharomyces cerevisiae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00253-004-1844-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A nearest-neighboring-end algorithm for genetic mapping AN - 17541880; 6244442 AB - MOTIVATION: High-throughput methods are beginning to make possible the genotyping of thousands of loci in thousands of individuals, which could be useful for tightly associating phenotypes to candidate loci. Current mapping algorithms cannot handle so many data without building hierarchies of framework maps. RESULTS: A version of Kruskal's minimum spanning tree algorithm can solve any genetic mapping problem that can be stated as marker deletion from a set of linkage groups. These include backcross, recombinant inbred, haploid and double-cross recombinational populations, in addition to conventional deletion and radiation hybrid populations. The algorithm progressively joins linkage groups at increasing recombination fractions between terminal markers, and attempts to recognize and correct erroneous joins at peaks in recombination fraction. The algorithm is O (mn super(3)) for m individuals and n markers, but the mean run time scales close to mn super(2). It is amenable to parallel processing and has recovered true map order in simulations of large backcross, recombinant inbred and deletion populations with up to 37 005 markers. Simulations were used to investigate map accuracy in response to population size, allelic dominance, segregation distortion, missing data and random typing errors. It produced accurate maps when marker distribution was sufficiently uniform, although segregation distortion could induce translocated marker orders. The algorithm was also used to map 1003 loci in the F sub(7) ITMI population of bread wheat, Triticum aestivum L. emend Thell., where it shortened an existing standard map by 16%, but it failed to associate blocks of markers properly across gaps within linkage groups. This was because it depends upon the rankings of recombination fractions at individual markers, and is susceptible to sampling error, typing error and joint selection involving the terminal markers of nearly finished linkage groups. Therefore, the current form of the algorithm is useful mainly to improve local marker ordering in linkage groups obtained in other ways. AVAILABILITY: The source code and supplemental data are http://www.iubio.bio.indiana.edu/soft/molbio/qtl/flipper/ JF - Bioinformatics AU - Crane, Charles F AU - Crane, Yan M AD - USDA-ARS and Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA. USDA-ARS and Department of Entomology, Purdue University West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA, ccrane@purdue.edu Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 1579 EP - 1591 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP UK, [mailto:jnl.samples@oup.co.uk], [URL:http://www3.oup.co.uk/jnls/] VL - 21 IS - 8 SN - 1367-4803, 1367-4803 KW - Wheat KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Recombination KW - Triticum aestivum KW - Deletion KW - Genotyping KW - Algorithms KW - Sampling KW - Bioinformatics KW - Gene mapping KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 350:Bioinformatics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17541880?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=A+nearest-neighboring-end+algorithm+for+genetic+mapping&rft.au=Crane%2C+Charles+F%3BCrane%2C+Yan+M&rft.aulast=Crane&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1579&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioinformatics&rft.issn=13674803&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Triticum aestivum; Algorithms; Gene mapping; Recombination; Deletion; Genotyping; Bioinformatics; Sampling ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Completion of the Genome Sequence of Brucella abortus and Comparison to the Highly Similar Genomes of Brucella melitensis and Brucella suis AN - 17534307; 6245811 AB - Brucellosis is a worldwide disease of humans and livestock that is caused by a number of very closely related classical Brucella species in the alpha-2 subdivision of the Proteobacteria. We report the complete genome sequence of Brucella abortus field isolate 9-941 and compare it to those of Brucella suis 1330 and Brucella melitensis 16 M. The genomes of these Brucella species are strikingly similar, with nearly identical genetic content and gene organization. However, a number of insertion-deletion events and several polymorphic regions encoding putative outer membrane proteins were identified among the genomes. Several fragments previously identified as unique to either B. suis or B. melitensis were present in the B. abortus genome. Even though several fragments were shared between only B. abortus and B. suis, B. abortus shared more fragments and had fewer nucleotide polymorphisms with B. melitensis than B. suis. The complete genomic sequence of B. abortus provides an important resource for further investigations into determinants of the pathogenicity and virulence phenotypes of these bacteria. JF - Journal of Bacteriology AU - Halling, Shirley M AU - Peterson-Burch, Brooke D AU - Bricker, Betsy J AU - Zuerner, Richard L AU - Qing, Zhang AU - Li, Ling-Ling AU - Kapur, Vivek AU - Alt, David P AU - Olsen, Steven C AD - Bacterial Diseases of Livestock Unit, National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Ames, Iowa. Department of Microbiology and Biomedical Genomics Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 2715 EP - 2726 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 187 IS - 8 SN - 0021-9193, 0021-9193 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Genomes KW - outer membrane proteins KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Proteobacteria KW - Virulence KW - Pathogenicity KW - genomics KW - Brucella melitensis KW - Nucleotides KW - Livestock KW - Brucella suis KW - Brucella abortus KW - Brucellosis KW - G 07320:Bacterial genetics KW - J 02740:Genetics and evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17534307?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.atitle=Completion+of+the+Genome+Sequence+of+Brucella+abortus+and+Comparison+to+the+Highly+Similar+Genomes+of+Brucella+melitensis+and+Brucella+suis&rft.au=Halling%2C+Shirley+M%3BPeterson-Burch%2C+Brooke+D%3BBricker%2C+Betsy+J%3BZuerner%2C+Richard+L%3BQing%2C+Zhang%3BLi%2C+Ling-Ling%3BKapur%2C+Vivek%3BAlt%2C+David+P%3BOlsen%2C+Steven+C&rft.aulast=Halling&rft.aufirst=Shirley&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=187&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=2715&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.issn=00219193&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Brucella suis; Brucella melitensis; Brucella abortus; Proteobacteria; Genomes; Nucleotide sequence; Nucleotides; outer membrane proteins; genomics; Virulence; Brucellosis; Livestock; Pathogenicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genetically enhanced cows resist intramammary Staphylococcus aureus infection AN - 17533168; 6251078 AB - Mastitis, the most consequential disease in dairy cattle, costs the US dairy industry billions of dollars annually. To test the feasibility of protecting animals through genetic engineering, transgenic cows secreting lysostaphin at concentrations ranging from 0.9 to 14 mg/ml in their milk were produced. In vitro assays demonstrated the milk's ability to kill Staphylococcus aureus. Intramammary infusions of S. aureus were administered to three transgenic and ten nontransgenic cows. Increases in milk somatic cells, elevated body temperatures and induced acute phase proteins, each indicative of infection, were observed in all of the nontransgenic cows but in none of the transgenic animals. Protection against S. aureus mastitis appears to be achievable with as little as 3 mg/ml of lysostaphin in milk. Our results indicate that genetic engineering can provide a viable tool for enhancing resistance to disease and improve the well-being of livestock. JF - Nature Biotechnology AU - Wall, Robert J AU - Powell, Anne M AU - Paape, Max J AU - Kerr, David E AU - Bannerman, Douglas D AU - Pursel, Vernon G AU - Wells, Kevin D AU - Talbot, Neil AU - Hawk, Harold W AD - Biotechnology and Germplasm Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, USA., bobwall@anri.barc.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 445 EP - 451 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building 4 Crinan Street London N1 9XW UK, [mailto:feedback@nature.com], [URL:http://www.nature.com/] VL - 23 IS - 4 SN - 1087-0156, 1087-0156 KW - cattle KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Body temperature KW - Disease resistance KW - Infection KW - Somatic cells KW - Lysostaphin KW - Cow's milk KW - Transgenic animals KW - Acute phase substances KW - Staphylococcus aureus KW - Milk KW - Mastitis KW - Livestock KW - Dairies KW - Dairy industry KW - Genetic engineering KW - W2 32070:Animals KW - G 07413:Domestic animals (cattle) KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 310:Agricultural Engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17533168?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Genetically+enhanced+cows+resist+intramammary+Staphylococcus+aureus+infection&rft.au=Wall%2C+Robert+J%3BPowell%2C+Anne+M%3BPaape%2C+Max+J%3BKerr%2C+David+E%3BBannerman%2C+Douglas+D%3BPursel%2C+Vernon+G%3BWells%2C+Kevin+D%3BTalbot%2C+Neil%3BHawk%2C+Harold+W&rft.aulast=Wall&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=445&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+Biotechnology&rft.issn=10870156&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnbt1078 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Staphylococcus aureus; Genetic engineering; Lysostaphin; Mastitis; Disease resistance; Somatic cells; Dairy industry; Transgenic animals; Acute phase substances; Livestock; Body temperature; Cow's milk; Milk; Infection; Dairies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt1078 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Abundance of Green Tree Frogs and Insects in Artificial Canopy Gaps in a Bottomland Hardwood Forest AN - 17436222; 6200705 AB - We found more green tree frogs (Hyla cinerea) in canopy gaps than in closed canopy forest. Of the 331 green tree frogs observed, 88% were in canopy gaps. Likewise, higher numbers and biomasses of insects were captured in the open gap habitat. Flies were the most commonly collected insect group accounting for 54% of the total capture. These data suggest that one reason green tree frogs were more abundant in canopy gaps was the increased availability of prey and that small canopy gaps provide early successional habitats that are beneficial to green tree frog populations. JF - American Midland Naturalist AU - Horn, S AU - Hanula, J L AU - Ulyshen, MD AU - Kilgo, J C AD - USDA Forest Service, 320 Green Street, Athens, Georgia 30602 Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - 321 EP - 326 PB - University of Notre Dame VL - 153 IS - 2 SN - 0003-0031, 0003-0031 KW - Bottomland hardwood forests KW - Canopy gaps KW - Frogs KW - Green tree frog KW - Insects KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Entomology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Gaps KW - Food organisms KW - Abundance KW - Microhabitats KW - Anura KW - Population density KW - Forests KW - Food availability KW - Hyla cinerea KW - Freshwater KW - Biomass KW - Habitat selection KW - Hardwoods KW - USA KW - Canopies KW - Prey KW - Insecta KW - Z 05205:Populations & general ecology KW - Q1 08423:Behaviour KW - D 04669:Amphibians UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17436222?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Midland+Naturalist&rft.atitle=Abundance+of+Green+Tree+Frogs+and+Insects+in+Artificial+Canopy+Gaps+in+a+Bottomland+Hardwood+Forest&rft.au=Horn%2C+S%3BHanula%2C+J+L%3BUlyshen%2C+MD%3BKilgo%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Horn&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=153&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=321&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Midland+Naturalist&rft.issn=00030031&rft_id=info:doi/10.1043%2F0003-0031%282005%291532.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Food organisms; Microhabitats; Population density; Forests; Food availability; Canopies; Habitat selection; Gaps; Abundance; Biomass; Hardwoods; Prey; Anura; Hyla cinerea; Insecta; USA; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1043/0003-0031(2005)153<0321:AOGTFA>2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Herbivorous Insect Response to Group Selection Cutting in a Southeastern Bottomland Hardwood Forest AN - 17435426; 6201121 AB - Malaise and pitfall traps were used to sample herbivorous insects in canopy gaps created by group-selection cutting in a bottomland hardwood forest in South Carolina. The traps were placed at the centers, edges, and in the forest adjacent to gaps of different sizes (0.13, 0.26, and 0.50 ha) and ages (1 and 7 yr old) during four sampling periods in 2001. Overall, the abundance and species richness of insect herbivores were greater at the centers of young gaps than at the edge of young gaps or in the forest surrounding young gaps. There were no differences in abundance or species richness among old gap locations (i.e., centers, edges, and forest), and we collected significantly more insects in young gaps than old gaps. The insect communities in old gaps were more similar to the forests surrounding them than young gap communities were to their respective forest locations, but the insect communities in the two forests locations (surrounding young and old gaps) had the highest percent similarity of all. Although both abundance and richness increased in the centers of young gaps with increasing gap size, these differences were not significant. We attribute the increased numbers of herbivorous insects to the greater abundance of herbaceous plants available in young gaps. JF - Environmental Entomology AU - Ulyshen, MD AU - Hanula, J L AU - Horn, S AU - Kilgo, J C AU - Moorman, CE AD - USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, 320 Green Street, Athens, GA 30602-2044, mulyshen@hotmail.com Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 395 EP - 402 PB - Entomological Society of America VL - 34 IS - 2 SN - 0046-225X, 0046-225X KW - Entomology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Forest management KW - USA, South Carolina KW - Pitfall traps KW - Abundance KW - Traps KW - Canopies KW - Sampling KW - Hardwoods KW - Species richness KW - D 04659:Insects KW - Z 05207:Agricultural & general applied entomology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17435426?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Entomology&rft.atitle=Herbivorous+Insect+Response+to+Group+Selection+Cutting+in+a+Southeastern+Bottomland+Hardwood+Forest&rft.au=Ulyshen%2C+MD%3BHanula%2C+J+L%3BHorn%2C+S%3BKilgo%2C+J+C%3BMoorman%2C+CE&rft.aulast=Ulyshen&rft.aufirst=MD&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=395&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Entomology&rft.issn=0046225X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1043%2F0046-225X%282005%290342.0.CO%3B2 L2 - http://journals.allenpress.com/jrnlserv/?request=get-abstract&issn=0046-225X&volume=34&page=395 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Forest management; Pitfall traps; Abundance; Traps; Sampling; Canopies; Hardwoods; Species richness; USA, South Carolina DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1043/0046-225X(2005)034<0395:HIRTGS>2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sex Pheromone of the Female Pink Hibiscus Mealybug, Maconellicoccus Hirsutus (Green) (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae): Biological Activity Evaluation AN - 17433114; 6201108 AB - The synthetic sex pheromone of the pink hibiscus mealybug, Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green), was evaluated in the field bioassays. In a period of 27 wk, >90,000 males were captured on sticky traps in the three locations in Key Biscayne, FL. Our experimental results showed that a laboratory-prepared (R)-lavandulyl (S)-2-methylbutanoate and (R)-maconelliyl (S)-2-methylbutanoate blend in a ratio of 1:5 on a rubber septum was attractive to males at concentration as low as 0.1 mu g per trap. Male M. hirsutus captures were not significantly different from traps baited with 1- or 10- mu g doses, but 0.1- and 100- mu g doses captured significantly fewer males. Some of the unnatural stereoisomers of the pheromone antagonized attraction. The alcohols, which could be detected in virgin female's volatiles, also exhibited a repulsive effect. Rubber septum lures baited with 1- and 10- mu g doses of the synthetic pheromone remained active for at least 21 wk under field conditions. Monitoring of adult flight activity with a 1- mu g dose of synthetic pheromone indicated there were multiple generations during the tested period of 8 July 2003 to 12 January 2004. JF - Environmental Entomology AU - Zhang, A AU - Amalin, D AD - USDA-ARS, Chemicals Affecting Insect Behavior Laboratory, Bldg. 007, Rm. 312, BARC-W, Beltsville, MD 20705, zhanga@ba.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 264 EP - 270 PB - Entomological Society of America VL - 34 IS - 2 SN - 0046-225X, 0046-225X KW - Coccoidea KW - Homoptera KW - R-Lavandulyl S-2-methylbutanoate KW - R-Maconelliyl S-2-methylbutanoate KW - Treehoppers KW - Entomology Abstracts; Chemoreception Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Hibiscus KW - Flight activity KW - Sex pheromone KW - USA, Florida KW - Maconellicoccus hirsutus KW - Rubber KW - Stereoisomers KW - Pseudococcidae KW - Pheromones KW - Volatiles KW - alcohols KW - Traps KW - Septum KW - Z 05194:Communication KW - D 04659:Insects KW - R 18053:Pest control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17433114?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Entomology&rft.atitle=Sex+Pheromone+of+the+Female+Pink+Hibiscus+Mealybug%2C+Maconellicoccus+Hirsutus+%28Green%29+%28Homoptera%3A+Pseudococcidae%29%3A+Biological+Activity+Evaluation&rft.au=Zhang%2C+A%3BAmalin%2C+D&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=264&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Entomology&rft.issn=0046225X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1043%2F0046-225X%282005%290342.0.CO%3B2 L2 - http://journals.allenpress.com/jrnlserv/?request=get-abstract&issn=0046-225X&volume=34&page=264 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Flight activity; Sex pheromone; Pheromones; Volatiles; alcohols; Stereoisomers; Rubber; Traps; Septum; Hibiscus; Maconellicoccus hirsutus; Homoptera; Pseudococcidae; USA, Florida DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1043/0046-225X(2005)034<0264:SPOTFP>2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High-level aminoglycoside resistant enterococci isolated from swine AN - 17377912; 6492355 AB - Approximately 42% (187/444) of swine enterococci collected between the years 1999 and 2000 exhibited high-level resistance to gentamicin (MIC [gt-or-equal, slanted]500 [mu]g/ml), kanamycin (MIC [gt-or-equal, slanted]500 [mu]g/ml), or streptomycin (MIC [gt-or-equal, slanted]1000 [mu]g/ml). Eight aminoglycoside resistance genes were detected using PCR, most frequently ant(6)-Ia and aac(6')-Ii from Enterococcus faecium. Twenty-four per cent (45/187) of total high-level aminoglycoside-resistant isolates and 26% (4/15) of isolates resistant to high levels of all three antimicrobials were negative for all genes tested. These data suggest that enterococci isolated from swine contain diverse and possibly unidentified aminoglycoside resistance genes. JF - Epidemiology and Infection AU - Jackson, C R AU - Fedorka-Cray, P J AU - Barrett, J B AU - Ladely AD - 950 College Station Road, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Antimicrobial Resistance Research Unit, Richard B. Russell Research Center, Athens, GA 30605, USA, cjackson@saa.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 367 EP - 371 VL - 133 IS - 2 SN - 0950-2688, 0950-2688 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Gentamicin KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Kanamycin KW - Streptomycin KW - Minimum inhibitory concentration KW - Aminoglycoside antibiotics KW - Antibiotic resistance KW - Enterococcus faecium KW - J 02862:Infection UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17377912?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Epidemiology+and+Infection&rft.atitle=High-level+aminoglycoside+resistant+enterococci+isolated+from+swine&rft.au=Jackson%2C+C+R%3BFedorka-Cray%2C+P+J%3BBarrett%2C+J+B%3BLadely&rft.aulast=Jackson&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=133&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=367&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Epidemiology+and+Infection&rft.issn=09502688&rft_id=info:doi/10.1017%2FS0950268804003395 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Gentamicin; Polymerase chain reaction; Kanamycin; Streptomycin; Minimum inhibitory concentration; Antibiotic resistance; Aminoglycoside antibiotics; Enterococcus faecium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0950268804003395 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Saline agriculture in the Arabian Peninsula: Management of marginal lands and saline water resources AN - 17354852; 6419314 AB - Productive land and renewable fresh water resources in the Arabian Peninsula are limited and are being exploited at a rapid rate, with agriculture utilizing >85% of fresh water resources. Saline and brackish water resources, marginal lands and plants capable of growing and producing an economic crop under the harsh conditions of the Arabian Peninsula, are abundant and expected to alleviate the mounting pressures on fresh water resources and prime agricultural lands. There is a need to demonstrate the value of saline water resources for the production of environmentally and economically useful plants and crops and to transfer the results to national research services and communities in the Arabian Peninsula. A regional strategy is needed to utilize the rapid advances in the use of saline water for irrigation, including development of improved irrigation systems, water management, control of salinity in root zone, and utilization of genetic resources of salt tolerant plants and halophytes. An integrated and holistic approach that reflects local and regional ecosystems' relationships is proposed. It addresses the long-term sustainability of saline agriculture and aims at developing decision-support systems to further focus attention on gaps in existing knowledge and provides flexible and efficient means for evaluating alternative options in saline agricultural production in the Arabian Peninsula. JF - Journal of Food Agriculture and Environment AU - Jaradat, A A AD - ARS-USDA, 803 Iowa Ave., Morris, MN 56267, USA, jaradat@morris.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 302 EP - 306 VL - 3 IS - 2 SN - 1459-0255, 1459-0255 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Agriculture KW - ISW, Arabian Peninsula KW - Ecosystems KW - Agricultural production KW - Water resources KW - Crops KW - Salinity KW - values KW - Irrigation Systems KW - Economics KW - Decision support systems KW - Irrigation KW - Brackish Water KW - agriculture KW - Salinization KW - agricultural land KW - Saline Water KW - Land use KW - Arabian Peninsula KW - Salts KW - Halophytes KW - brackish water KW - Water management KW - Water Resources KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - SW 1060:Conservation in agricultural use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17354852?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Food+Agriculture+and+Environment&rft.atitle=Saline+agriculture+in+the+Arabian+Peninsula%3A+Management+of+marginal+lands+and+saline+water+resources&rft.au=Jaradat%2C+A+A&rft.aulast=Jaradat&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=302&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Food+Agriculture+and+Environment&rft.issn=14590255&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ecosystems; Agricultural production; Decision support systems; Irrigation; agriculture; Water resources; agricultural land; Land use; Crops; Salts; Salinity; values; brackish water; Water management; Economics; Agriculture; Halophytes; Irrigation Systems; Brackish Water; Salinization; Saline Water; Water Resources; Arabian Peninsula; ISW, Arabian Peninsula ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prediction of Pesticide Losses in Surface Runoff from Agricultural Fields Using GLEAMS and RZWQM AN - 17352840; 6398536 AB - Seepage zones have been shown to be of critical importance in controlling contaminant export from agricultural watersheds. To date, no multipurpose agricultural water quality model has seepage zones incorporated into its process-level representations. We chose to test two widely used models of agricultural water quality, the Groundwater Loading Effects of Agricultural Management Systems (GLEAMS) and the Root Zone Water Quality Model (RZWQM), by seeing how well each predicted solution pesticide concentration and loss in surface runoff from two agricultural fields: one with and one without seepage zones. Daily simulated atrazine and metolachlor concentration and loss in surface runoff from both calibrated and default (or non-calibrated) GLEAMS and RZWQM were compared with three years of measured data from the two fields. The results of the study show that GLEAMS and RZWQM using default input parameters were not capable of predicting atrazine and metolachlor concentration and loss in surface runoff from the fields with and without seepage zones (modeling efficiency 0.52, index of agreement >0.83, and modeling efficiency >0.53) and can be used for assessing the effects of seepage zones on pesticide loss in surface runoff from agricultural fields. JF - Transactions of the ASAE AU - Chinkuyu, A AU - Meixner, T AU - Gish, T AU - Daughtry, C AD - USDA-ARS Hydrology and Remote Sensing Laboratory, 104 Building 007, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA, acinkuyu@hydrolab.arsusda.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 585 EP - 599 VL - 48 IS - 2 SN - 0001-2351, 0001-2351 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17352840?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+ASAE&rft.atitle=Prediction+of+Pesticide+Losses+in+Surface+Runoff+from+Agricultural+Fields+Using+GLEAMS+and+RZWQM&rft.au=Chinkuyu%2C+A%3BMeixner%2C+T%3BGish%2C+T%3BDaughtry%2C+C&rft.aulast=Chinkuyu&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=585&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+ASAE&rft.issn=00012351&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Generating Correlative Storm Variables for CLIGEN Using a Distribution-Free Approach AN - 17347116; 6398534 AB - CLIGEN is the only weather generator that generates internal storm patterns, which are required by many agricultural system models such as the Water Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP) model. The lack of correlation between CLIGEN-generated storm variables may limit those models' abilities to predict surface runoff and soil erosion. The objectives of this study were to: (1) test a distribution-free method for inducing desired rank correlation between generated storm variables, and (2) compare WEPP-predicted runoff and soil loss using measured vs. variously generated storm patterns on eight U.S. sites. Four climate files containing four storm patterns (measured, original uncorrelated CLIGEN output, correlated CLIGEN output, and correlated output with exponentially generated storm durations), along with measured soil, slope, and crop management on each site, were used as input to WEPP. The distribution-free approach was simple to use and capable of inducing desired rank correlation between storm depth and duration and consequently between storm depth and relative peak intensity. Original CLIGEN output after inducing desired correlation considerably improved WEPP runoff and soil loss predictions on most sites where strong correlation between storm depth and duration existed. On average, the relative errors averaged over all sites were reduced from 15.0% to 4.6% for runoff prediction and from 11.1% to 1.5% for soil loss prediction. The use of exponentially distributed storm duration, compared with the original CLIGEN output, doubled the overall relative error for soil loss prediction due to the undesirable alteration of relative peak intensity estimates. Overall results indicate that for better runoff and soil loss prediction, correlated CLIGEN output should be used on sites where strong correlation between storm depth and duration exists. JF - Transactions of the ASAE AU - Zhang, X-C AD - Research Hydrologist, USDA-ARS Grazinglands Research Laboratory, 7207 W. Cheyenne St., El Reno, OK 73036, USA, jzhang@grl.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 567 EP - 575 VL - 48 IS - 2 SN - 0001-2351, 0001-2351 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - SW 0835:Streamflow and runoff UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17347116?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+ASAE&rft.atitle=Generating+Correlative+Storm+Variables+for+CLIGEN+Using+a+Distribution-Free+Approach&rft.au=Zhang%2C+X-C&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=X-C&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=567&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+ASAE&rft.issn=00012351&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of the Weibull Model with Measured Wind Speed Distributions for Stochastic Wind Generation AN - 17341692; 6398529 AB - Wind is the principal driver of the Wind Erosion Prediction System (WEPS), which is a process-based computer model for the simulation of wind-blown sediment loss from a field. WEPS generates wind using a stochastic wind generator. The objectives of this study were to improve the stochastic generation of wind speed and direction and to update the wind statistics used by the generator with statistics derived from more recent, quality-controlled data for the 48 contiguous states of the U.S. Erosive wind power density (WPD) was chosen to evaluate how well wind is generated, since it is proportional to sediment transport by wind. It is important that WPD calculated from stochastically generated data (WPD sub(g)) closely reproduces WPD calculated from the underlying measured data (WPD sub(m)). The commonly used two-parameter Weibull model did not fit wind speed distributions well enough for application in wind erosion models. WPD sub(g) deviated more than 20% from WPD sub(m), for 168 out of the 332 stations having WPD sub(m) > 5 W m super(-2). Fitting the model to the high wind speeds only, with the expectation of a better curve fit, resulted in some generated wind speeds exceeding 100 m s super(-1), which is unacceptable. A more direct method uses the wind speed distributions themselves instead of the Weibull model that describes them. Wind speeds are then generated directly from the distributions using linear interpolation between data points. With this more robust direct approach, there was only one station (down from 168 stations) where WPD sub(g) deviated more than 20% from WPD sub(m). The direct method of wind speed generation reproduces wind speeds more accurately than the Weibull model, which is important for wind erosion prediction and may be important for other applications as well. JF - Transactions of the ASAE AU - Donk, van, SJ AU - Wagner, LE AU - Skidmore, EL AU - Tatarko, J AD - USDA-ARS, 1515 College Avenue, Manhattan, KS 66502, USA, sdonk@weru.ksu.edu Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 503 EP - 510 VL - 48 IS - 2 SN - 0001-2351, 0001-2351 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - SW 0870:Erosion and sedimentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17341692?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+ASAE&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+the+Weibull+Model+with+Measured+Wind+Speed+Distributions+for+Stochastic+Wind+Generation&rft.au=Donk%2C+van%2C+SJ%3BWagner%2C+LE%3BSkidmore%2C+EL%3BTatarko%2C+J&rft.aulast=Donk&rft.aufirst=van&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=503&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+ASAE&rft.issn=00012351&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Southeast Alaska economics: A resource-abundant region competing in a global marketplace AN - 17327534; 6203044 AB - Questions related to economics figured prominently in the priority information needs identified in the 1997 Tongass Land Management Plan. Follow-on studies in economics were designed to improve understanding of aspects of the competitiveness of the Alaska forest sector, links between Alaska timber markets and other markets as evident in prices, and the relationship between resource allocation decisions and economic conditions in communities and the region. Analysis of the role of recreation and tourism in the regional economy was added to the topics addressed, based on early results of work to describe economic dynamics. Comparisons are undertaken to evaluate the economic changes taking place in southeast Alaska, to analyze the sources of these changes, and to determine if and why they differ from the changes taking place at larger scales and those occurring in a similar rural and resource-abundant region. Divergent views regarding the current role of the Tongass in the regional economy are summarized and assessed by using contemporary evidence. A variety of factors contribute to comparative and competitive disadvantages for the forest products sector in southeast Alaska. Alaska product and log markets are effectively integrated with other markets supplied by producers in British Columbia and the Pacific Northwest. Empirical evidence suggests the need to re-examine assumptions regarding the relation between changes in "basic" sector activities and employment (such as timber harvesting and wood products manufacturing) and "nonbasic" (or support sector) employment in the rural communities of southeast Alaska. Many of the changes occurring in the economy of rural southeast Alaska are driven by changes in the international markets in which Alaskan products compete, and are largely independent of Tongass forest management. Unearned income and tourism have replaced resource-extractive industries as the principal sources of income growth in the region. The contribution of the Tongass National Forest to the regional economy has become more complex and difficult to quantify. Forest management policies that enhance the comparative advantages the region enjoys in providing both tourism opportunities and quality of life attributes will aid communities in maintaining and expanding their economic opportunities. JF - Landscape and Urban Planning AU - Crone, L K AD - USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Forestry Sciences Laboratory, 2770 Lane, Juneau, AK 99801, USA, lcrone@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 215 EP - 233 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 72 IS - 1-3 SN - 0169-2046, 0169-2046 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17327534?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Landscape+and+Urban+Planning&rft.atitle=Southeast+Alaska+economics%3A+A+resource-abundant+region+competing+in+a+global+marketplace&rft.au=Crone%2C+L+K&rft.aulast=Crone&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=215&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Landscape+and+Urban+Planning&rft.issn=01692046&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.landurbplan.2004.09.019 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2004.09.019 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Watershed scale modeling of critical source areas of runoff generation and phosphorus transport AN - 16196096; 6237722 AB - A curve number based model, Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), and a physically based model, Soil Moisture Distribution and Routing (SMDR), were applied in a headwater watershed in Pennsylvania to identify runoff generation areas, as runoff areas have been shown to be critical for phosphorus management. SWAT performed better than SMDR in simulating daily streamflows over the four-year simulation period (Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient: SWAT, 0.62; SMDR, 0.33). Both models varied stream-flow simulations seasonally as precipitation and watershed conditions varied. However, levels of agreement between simulated and observed flows were not consistent over seasons. SMDR, a variable source area based model, needs further improvement in model formulations to simulate large peak flows as observed. SWAT simulations matched the majority of observed peak flow events. SMDR overpredicted annual flow volumes, while SWAT underpredicted the same. Neither model routes runoff over the landscape to water bodies, which is critical to surface transport of phosphorus. SMDR representation of the watershed as grids may allow targeted management of phosphorus sources. SWAT representation of fields as hydrologic response units (HRUs) does not allow such targeted management. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Srinivasan AU - Gerard-Marchant, P AU - Veith, T L AU - Gburek, W J AU - Steenhuis, T S AD - Pasture Systems and Watershed Management Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Building 3702 Curtin Road, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, mss147@psu.edu Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 361 EP - 375 VL - 41 IS - 2 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - SMDR KW - SWAT KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Moisture KW - Eutrophication KW - Phosphorus KW - Water resources KW - Freshwater KW - Watersheds KW - Streams KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Assessments KW - Distribution KW - River basin management KW - Headwaters KW - Mathematical models KW - Nonpoint Pollution Sources KW - Simulation KW - Streamflow KW - Routing KW - Precipitation KW - USA, Pennsylvania KW - Soil moisture KW - Runoff KW - Pollution control KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16196096?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Watershed+scale+modeling+of+critical+source+areas+of+runoff+generation+and+phosphorus+transport&rft.au=Srinivasan%3BGerard-Marchant%2C+P%3BVeith%2C+T+L%3BGburek%2C+W+J%3BSteenhuis%2C+T+S&rft.aulast=Srinivasan&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=361&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mathematical models; Eutrophication; Phosphorus; Watersheds; River basin management; Runoff; Pollution control; Water resources; Simulation; Soil moisture; Streams; Headwaters; Moisture; Nonpoint Pollution Sources; Streamflow; Precipitation; Routing; Hydrologic Models; Assessments; Distribution; USA, Pennsylvania; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Curve number hydrology in water quality modeling: Uses, abuses, and future directions AN - 16194273; 6237723 AB - Although the curve number method of the Natural Resources Conservation Service has been used as the foundation of the hydrology algorithms in many nonpoint source water quality models, there are significant problematic issues with the way it has been implemented and interpreted that are not generally recognized. This usage is based on misconceptions about the meaning of the runoff value that the method computes, which is a likely fundamental cause of uncertainty in subsequent erosion and pollutant loading predictions dependent on this value. As a result, there are some major limitations on the conclusions and decisions about the effects of management practices on water quality that can be supported with current nonpoint source water quality models. They also cannot supply the detailed quantitative and spatial information needed to address emerging issues. A key prerequisite for improving model predictions is to improve the hydrologic algorithms contained within them. The use of the curve number method is still appropriate for flood hydrograph engineering applications, but more physically based algorithms that simulate all streamflow generating processes are needed for nonpoint source water quality modeling. Spatially distributed hydrologic modeling has tremendous potential in achieving this goal. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Garen, D C AU - Moore, D S AD - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service, National Water and Climate Center, 101 S.W. Main Street, Suite 1600, Portland, Oregon 97204-3224, USA, David.Garen@usda.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 377 EP - 388 VL - 41 IS - 2 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Flood hydrographs KW - Algorithms KW - Water resources KW - Freshwater KW - Water quality KW - Engineering KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Hydrography KW - Environmental effects KW - Hydrology KW - Modelling KW - Flood Hydrographs KW - Resource conservation KW - Water Quality KW - Stream flow KW - Water management KW - Conservation KW - Runoff KW - Prediction KW - Water quality models KW - Flow rates KW - Natural Resources KW - Pollutants KW - Floods KW - Nonpoint Pollution Sources KW - Streamflow KW - Water pollution KW - Erosion KW - Natural resources KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - M2 556:General (556) KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - Q2 09171:Dynamics of lakes and rivers KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16194273?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Curve+number+hydrology+in+water+quality+modeling%3A+Uses%2C+abuses%2C+and+future+directions&rft.au=Garen%2C+D+C%3BMoore%2C+D+S&rft.aulast=Garen&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=377&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Resource conservation; Water resources; Water quality; Water pollution; Stream flow; Erosion; Hydrography; Water management; Natural resources; Environmental effects; Hydrology; Runoff; Modelling; Flood hydrographs; Algorithms; Conservation; Water quality models; Floods; Flow rates; Prediction; Flood Hydrographs; Water Quality; Nonpoint Pollution Sources; Streamflow; Natural Resources; Engineering; Hydrologic Models; Pollutants; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laboratory and on-farm studies on the bioaccumulation and elimination of dioxins from a contaminated mineral supplement fed to dairy cows. AN - 67518370; 15769182 AB - A dioxin-contaminated mineral supplement was used to study the bioaccumulation and elimination of dioxins in two dairy cows. The supplement was mixed into the total maintenance ration and fed to the cows for 40 days after which unfortified diets were fed for 40 additional days. Dioxins and coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were measured twice a week in the milk and in selected tissues of the cows, one at death (day 10 of withdrawal) and one at slaughter (day 40 of withdrawal). The dioxins and PCBs were readily transferred into the milk, and at steady state, total toxic equivalents were concentrated 6-fold into the milk fat from the diet. Bioaccumulation was inversely related to chlorination number. The elimination of dioxins and PCBs in milk was biphasic. With the exception of 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-heptachlorodioxin and both octachlorinated congeners, dioxin and furan half-lives in milk were approximately 3-5 days for the alpha-phase and 35-50 days for the beta-phase. PCB-169 had a longer half-life: 11 (alpha) and 200 days (beta). When milk and feed samples from Minnesota farms that had used similar contaminated mineral supplements were analyzed, no elevated dioxin levels were found in milk. It appeared that although the dioxins from the mineral supplements have the potential to bioaccumulate, dilution into the total diet was sufficient to prevent a significant rise in the dioxin concentrations in the milk at these farms. JF - Journal of agricultural and food chemistry AU - Huwe, Janice K AU - Smith, David J AD - Biosciences Research Laboratory, ARS, U.S. Department of Agriculture, P.O. Box 5674 University Station, Fargo, North Dakota 58105-5674, USA. huwej@fargo.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/03/23/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Mar 23 SP - 2362 EP - 2370 VL - 53 IS - 6 SN - 0021-8561, 0021-8561 KW - Dioxins KW - 0 KW - Minerals KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Half-Life KW - Dietary Supplements KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- analysis KW - Milk -- chemistry KW - Liver -- chemistry KW - Adipose Tissue -- chemistry KW - Female KW - Dioxins -- pharmacokinetics KW - Minerals -- chemistry KW - Drug Contamination KW - Cattle -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67518370?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+agricultural+and+food+chemistry&rft.atitle=Laboratory+and+on-farm+studies+on+the+bioaccumulation+and+elimination+of+dioxins+from+a+contaminated+mineral+supplement+fed+to+dairy+cows.&rft.au=Huwe%2C+Janice+K%3BSmith%2C+David+J&rft.aulast=Huwe&rft.aufirst=Janice&rft.date=2005-03-23&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2362&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+agricultural+and+food+chemistry&rft.issn=00218561&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-04-28 N1 - Date created - 2005-03-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A simple and sensitive assay for distinguishing the expression of ricin and Ricinus communis agglutinin genes in developing castor seed (R. communis L.). AN - 67515800; 15769181 AB - Castor oil is the only commercial source of ricinoleic acid and has numerous industrial applications. Among the factors limiting domestic production of castor oil is the presence of the toxin ricin and its less toxic homologue Ricinus communis agglutinin (RCA) in seeds. Although the sequences of ricin and RCA genes are known, their transcriptional expression patterns have not been distinguished due to their high degree of sequence similarity. As the information is critical for assessing success in developing a ricin-free castor crop using genetic silencing, we have designed a gene specific reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay to examine the expression of the ricin and RCA genes in developing seeds. The results show that the ricin and RCA mRNA are highly abundant in seeds during the development of endosperm, and the expression pattern is similar to that observed in the Northern analysis. The RT-PCR results can be confirmed by a simple RT-PCR-based restriction fragment analysis. JF - Journal of agricultural and food chemistry AU - Chen, Grace Q AU - He, Xiaohua AU - McKeon, Thomas A AD - Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, California 94710, USA. QHGC@pw.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/03/23/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Mar 23 SP - 2358 EP - 2361 VL - 53 IS - 6 SN - 0021-8561, 0021-8561 KW - Plant Lectins KW - 0 KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Ricinus communis agglutinin-1 KW - Ricin KW - 9009-86-3 KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Blotting, Northern KW - RNA, Messenger -- analysis KW - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Ricin -- genetics KW - Plant Lectins -- genetics KW - Gene Expression KW - Seeds -- genetics KW - Ricinus -- genetics KW - Seeds -- growth & development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67515800?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+agricultural+and+food+chemistry&rft.atitle=A+simple+and+sensitive+assay+for+distinguishing+the+expression+of+ricin+and+Ricinus+communis+agglutinin+genes+in+developing+castor+seed+%28R.+communis+L.%29.&rft.au=Chen%2C+Grace+Q%3BHe%2C+Xiaohua%3BMcKeon%2C+Thomas+A&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Grace&rft.date=2005-03-23&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2358&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+agricultural+and+food+chemistry&rft.issn=00218561&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-04-28 N1 - Date created - 2005-03-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field trial of transgenic Indian mustard plants shows enhanced phytoremediation of selenium-contaminated sediment. AN - 67722305; 15819237 AB - Three transgenic Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.] lines were tested under field conditions for their ability to remove selenium (Se) from Se- and boron-contaminated saline sediment. The transgenic lines overexpressed genes encoding the enzymes adenosine triphosphate sulfurylase (APS), gamma-glutamyl-cysteine synthetase (ECS), and glutathione synthetase (GS), respectively. The APS, ECS, and GS transgenic plants accumulated 4.3, 2.8, and 2.3-fold more Se in their leaves than wild type, respectively (P < 0.05). GS plants significantly tolerated the contaminated soil better than wild type, attaining an aboveground biomass/area almost 80% of that of GS plants grown on clean soil, compared to 50% for wild type plants. This is the first report showing that plants genetically engineered for phytoremediation can perform successfully under field conditions. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Bañuelos, Gary AU - Terry, Norman AU - Leduc, Danika L AU - Pilon-Smits, Elizabeth A H AU - Mackey, Bruce AD - ARS-USDA, Parlier, California 93648, USA. nterry@nature.berkeley.edu Y1 - 2005/03/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Mar 15 SP - 1771 EP - 1777 VL - 39 IS - 6 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Soil Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Selenium KW - H6241UJ22B KW - Index Medicus KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Biomass KW - Soil Pollutants -- isolation & purification KW - Selenium -- isolation & purification KW - Mustard Plant -- genetics KW - Selenium -- pharmacokinetics KW - Plants, Genetically Modified KW - Soil Pollutants -- pharmacokinetics KW - Mustard Plant -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67722305?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neuropsychiatric+Disease+and+Treatment&rft.atitle=Self-reported+efficacy+of+neurofeedback+treatment+in+a+clinical+randomized+controlled+study+of+ADHD+children+and+adolescents&rft.au=Duric%2C+Nezla+S.%3BA%C3%9Fmus%2C+J%C3%B6rg%3BElgen%2C+Irene+B.&rft.aulast=Duric&rft.aufirst=Nezla&rft.date=2014-09-02&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neuropsychiatric+Disease+and+Treatment&rft.issn=11766328&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-07-25 N1 - Date created - 2005-04-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Short-term exposure of elevated carbon dioxide concentrations on broiler growth responses AN - 40017034; 3925563 AU - Olanrewaju, H AU - Dozier, W III AU - Branton, S AU - Miles, D AU - Lott, B AU - Fairchild, B AU - Pescatore, A Y1 - 2005/03/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Mar 15 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40017034?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Short-term+exposure+of+elevated+carbon+dioxide+concentrations+on+broiler+growth+responses&rft.au=Olanrewaju%2C+H%3BDozier%2C+W+III%3BBranton%2C+S%3BMiles%2C+D%3BLott%2C+B%3BFairchild%2C+B%3BPescatore%2C+A&rft.aulast=Olanrewaju&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2005-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Alabama Poultry & Egg Association, PO Box 240, Montgomery, AL 36101-0240, USA; phone: 334-265-2732; fax: 334-265-0008; email: wanda@alabamapoultry.org; URL: http://www.alabamapoultry.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Effects of two diverse air velocities at high temperatures with a high dew point on broiler performance AN - 40013974; 3925558 AU - Dozier, W III AU - Lott, B AU - Branton, S Y1 - 2005/03/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Mar 15 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40013974?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Effects+of+two+diverse+air+velocities+at+high+temperatures+with+a+high+dew+point+on+broiler+performance&rft.au=Dozier%2C+W+III%3BLott%2C+B%3BBranton%2C+S&rft.aulast=Dozier&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2005-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Alabama Poultry & Egg Association, PO Box 240, Montgomery, AL 36101-0240, USA; phone: 334-265-2732; fax: 334-265-0008; email: wanda@alabamapoultry.org; URL: http://www.alabamapoultry.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Evaluation of stocking density on live performance and processing yield of broilers AN - 40013443; 3925418 AU - Dozier, W III AU - Thaxton, J AU - Branton, S AU - Morgan, G AU - Miles, D AU - Roush, W AU - Lott, B AU - Vizzier-Thaxton, Y Y1 - 2005/03/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Mar 15 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40013443?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+stocking+density+on+live+performance+and+processing+yield+of+broilers&rft.au=Dozier%2C+W+III%3BThaxton%2C+J%3BBranton%2C+S%3BMorgan%2C+G%3BMiles%2C+D%3BRoush%2C+W%3BLott%2C+B%3BVizzier-Thaxton%2C+Y&rft.aulast=Dozier&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2005-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Alabama Poultry & Egg Association, PO Box 240, Montgomery, AL 36101-0240, USA; phone: 334-265-2732; fax: 334-265-0008; email: wanda@alabamapoultry.org; URL: http://www.alabamapoultry.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Growth responses and meat yield of broilers provided three and four feed programs formulated to moderate and high nutrient density during a 56-day production period AN - 40011731; 3925445 AU - Dozier, W III AU - Gordon, R AU - Kidd, M AU - Branton, S Y1 - 2005/03/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Mar 15 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40011731?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Growth+responses+and+meat+yield+of+broilers+provided+three+and+four+feed+programs+formulated+to+moderate+and+high+nutrient+density+during+a+56-day+production+period&rft.au=Dozier%2C+W+III%3BGordon%2C+R%3BKidd%2C+M%3BBranton%2C+S&rft.aulast=Dozier&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2005-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Alabama Poultry & Egg Association, PO Box 240, Montgomery, AL 36101-0240, USA; phone: 334-265-2732; fax: 334-265-0008; email: wanda@alabamapoultry.org; URL: http://www.alabamapoultry.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Penetration of Salmonella enteritidis and S. heidelberg through the vitelline membrane in an in vitro egg contamination model AN - 40007453; 3925359 AU - Gast, R AU - Holt, P AU - Murase, T Y1 - 2005/03/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Mar 15 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40007453?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Penetration+of+Salmonella+enteritidis+and+S.+heidelberg+through+the+vitelline+membrane+in+an+in+vitro+egg+contamination+model&rft.au=Gast%2C+R%3BHolt%2C+P%3BMurase%2C+T&rft.aulast=Gast&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2005-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Alabama Poultry & Egg Association, PO Box 240, Montgomery, AL 36101-0240, USA; phone: 334-265-2732; fax: 334-265-0008; email: wanda@alabamapoultry.org; URL: http://www.alabamapoultry.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Multi-faceted considerations for sustainable phytoremediation under field conditions AN - 39978962; 3922854 AU - Banuelos, G Y1 - 2005/03/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Mar 15 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39978962?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Multi-faceted+considerations+for+sustainable+phytoremediation+under+field+conditions&rft.au=Banuelos%2C+G&rft.aulast=Banuelos&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2005-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Association for Environmental Health & Sciences, ; phone: +1 413 549 5170; fax: +1 413 549 0579; URL: www.aehs.com N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Winter gaseous flux from litter for commercial broilers at placement, middle and end of flock AN - 39978676; 3925562 AU - Miles, D AU - Owens, P AU - Rowe, D Y1 - 2005/03/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Mar 15 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39978676?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Winter+gaseous+flux+from+litter+for+commercial+broilers+at+placement%2C+middle+and+end+of+flock&rft.au=Miles%2C+D%3BOwens%2C+P%3BRowe%2C+D&rft.aulast=Miles&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2005-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Alabama Poultry & Egg Association, PO Box 240, Montgomery, AL 36101-0240, USA; phone: 334-265-2732; fax: 334-265-0008; email: wanda@alabamapoultry.org; URL: http://www.alabamapoultry.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Comparison of fitting growth models with a genetic algorithm and nonlinear regression AN - 39972701; 3925557 AU - Roush, W AU - Branton, S Y1 - 2005/03/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Mar 15 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39972701?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+fitting+growth+models+with+a+genetic+algorithm+and+nonlinear+regression&rft.au=Roush%2C+W%3BBranton%2C+S&rft.aulast=Roush&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2005-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Alabama Poultry & Egg Association, PO Box 240, Montgomery, AL 36101-0240, USA; phone: 334-265-2732; fax: 334-265-0008; email: wanda@alabamapoultry.org; URL: http://www.alabamapoultry.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Enhancing DNA vaccine-induced production of avian influenza hemagglutinin subtype-specific reference antisera AN - 39972021; 3925435 AU - Pfeiffer, J AU - Suarez, D L AU - Lee, C W Y1 - 2005/03/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Mar 15 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39972021?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMC+Psychiatry&rft.atitle=Protocol+for+a+proof+of+concept+randomized+controlled+trial+of+cognitive-behavioural+therapy+for+adult+ADHD+as+a+supplement+to+treatment+as+usual%2C+compared+with+treatment+as+usual+alone&rft.au=Dittner%2C+Antonia+J.%3BRimes%2C+Katharine+A.%3BRussell%2C+Ailsa+J.%3BChalder%2C+Trudie&rft.aulast=Dittner&rft.aufirst=Antonia&rft.date=2014-09-03&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BMC+Psychiatry&rft.issn=1471-244X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Alabama Poultry & Egg Association, PO Box 240, Montgomery, AL 36101-0240, USA; phone: 334-265-2732; fax: 334-265-0008; email: wanda@alabamapoultry.org; URL: http://www.alabamapoultry.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Bacteria recovery from genetically feathered and featherless broiler carcasses after immersion chilling AN - 39969164; 3925352 AU - Buhr, R J AU - Bourassa, D V AU - Northcutt, J K AU - Hinton, A Jr AU - Ingram, K D AU - Cason, JA Y1 - 2005/03/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Mar 15 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39969164?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Bacteria+recovery+from+genetically+feathered+and+featherless+broiler+carcasses+after+immersion+chilling&rft.au=Buhr%2C+R+J%3BBourassa%2C+D+V%3BNorthcutt%2C+J+K%3BHinton%2C+A+Jr%3BIngram%2C+K+D%3BCason%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Buhr&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2005-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Alabama Poultry & Egg Association, PO Box 240, Montgomery, AL 36101-0240, USA; phone: 334-265-2732; fax: 334-265-0008; email: wanda@alabamapoultry.org; URL: http://www.alabamapoultry.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Effects of MG vaccinations on B- and T-Cell populations in layer chickens AN - 39967867; 3925556 AU - Collier, S AU - Pharr, G AU - Branton, S AU - Evans, J Y1 - 2005/03/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Mar 15 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39967867?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Effects+of+MG+vaccinations+on+B-+and+T-Cell+populations+in+layer+chickens&rft.au=Collier%2C+S%3BPharr%2C+G%3BBranton%2C+S%3BEvans%2C+J&rft.aulast=Collier&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2005-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Alabama Poultry & Egg Association, PO Box 240, Montgomery, AL 36101-0240, USA; phone: 334-265-2732; fax: 334-265-0008; email: wanda@alabamapoultry.org; URL: http://www.alabamapoultry.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - In vivo persistence of Mycoplasma gallisepticum vaccine strain 6/85 singly and following challenge by Mycoplasma gallisepticum F-strain AN - 39967058; 3925433 AU - Evans, J D AU - Collier, S D AU - Pharr, G T AU - Branton, S L Y1 - 2005/03/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Mar 15 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39967058?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=In+vivo+persistence+of+Mycoplasma+gallisepticum+vaccine+strain+6%2F85+singly+and+following+challenge+by+Mycoplasma+gallisepticum+F-strain&rft.au=Evans%2C+J+D%3BCollier%2C+S+D%3BPharr%2C+G+T%3BBranton%2C+S+L&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2005-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F1359104504046155 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Alabama Poultry & Egg Association, PO Box 240, Montgomery, AL 36101-0240, USA; phone: 334-265-2732; fax: 334-265-0008; email: wanda@alabamapoultry.org; URL: http://www.alabamapoultry.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Evaluation of Salmonella Enteritidis in molting hens following administration of an experimental chlorate product (9 days) in the drinking water AN - 39966980; 3925422 AU - McReynolds, J AU - Kubena, L AU - Bryd, J AU - Anderson, R AU - Ricke, S AU - Nisbet, D Y1 - 2005/03/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Mar 15 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39966980?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+Salmonella+Enteritidis+in+molting+hens+following+administration+of+an+experimental+chlorate+product+%289+days%29+in+the+drinking+water&rft.au=McReynolds%2C+J%3BKubena%2C+L%3BBryd%2C+J%3BAnderson%2C+R%3BRicke%2C+S%3BNisbet%2C+D&rft.aulast=McReynolds&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2005-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Alabama Poultry & Egg Association, PO Box 240, Montgomery, AL 36101-0240, USA; phone: 334-265-2732; fax: 334-265-0008; email: wanda@alabamapoultry.org; URL: http://www.alabamapoultry.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Microbiological impact of spray washing broiler carcasses with acidified electrolyzed water AN - 39958337; 3925356 AU - Northcutt, J K AU - Smith, D P AU - Ingram, K D AU - Hinton, A Jr AU - Musgrove, M T Y1 - 2005/03/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Mar 15 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39958337?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Microbiological+impact+of+spray+washing+broiler+carcasses+with+acidified+electrolyzed+water&rft.au=Northcutt%2C+J+K%3BSmith%2C+D+P%3BIngram%2C+K+D%3BHinton%2C+A+Jr%3BMusgrove%2C+M+T&rft.aulast=Northcutt&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2005-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Alabama Poultry & Egg Association, PO Box 240, Montgomery, AL 36101-0240, USA; phone: 334-265-2732; fax: 334-265-0008; email: wanda@alabamapoultry.org; URL: http://www.alabamapoultry.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Detection of specific antibody responses to Salmonella enteritidis in lung wash samples from infected hens AN - 39925167; 3925405 AU - Holt, P AU - Stone, H AU - Gast, R AU - Moore, R Y1 - 2005/03/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Mar 15 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39925167?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Detection+of+specific+antibody+responses+to+Salmonella+enteritidis+in+lung+wash+samples+from+infected+hens&rft.au=Holt%2C+P%3BStone%2C+H%3BGast%2C+R%3BMoore%2C+R&rft.aulast=Holt&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2005-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Alabama Poultry & Egg Association, PO Box 240, Montgomery, AL 36101-0240, USA; phone: 334-265-2732; fax: 334-265-0008; email: wanda@alabamapoultry.org; URL: http://www.alabamapoultry.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Self-propelled, constant speed, spray vaccinator for commercial layer chickens AN - 39917517; 3925560 AU - Branton, S AU - Roush, W AU - Evans, J AU - Collier, S AU - Pharr, G Y1 - 2005/03/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Mar 15 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39917517?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Self-propelled%2C+constant+speed%2C+spray+vaccinator+for+commercial+layer+chickens&rft.au=Branton%2C+S%3BRoush%2C+W%3BEvans%2C+J%3BCollier%2C+S%3BPharr%2C+G&rft.aulast=Branton&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2005-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Alabama Poultry & Egg Association, PO Box 240, Montgomery, AL 36101-0240, USA; phone: 334-265-2732; fax: 334-265-0008; email: wanda@alabamapoultry.org; URL: http://www.alabamapoultry.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Hematological changes reflect stress response differences and disease susceptibility in lines of Turkeys selected for increased body weight AN - 39916966; 3925407 AU - Huff, G R AU - Huff, W E AU - Balog, J M AU - Rath, N C AU - Anthony, N B AU - Nestor, KE Y1 - 2005/03/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Mar 15 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39916966?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Hematological+changes+reflect+stress+response+differences+and+disease+susceptibility+in+lines+of+Turkeys+selected+for+increased+body+weight&rft.au=Huff%2C+G+R%3BHuff%2C+W+E%3BBalog%2C+J+M%3BRath%2C+N+C%3BAnthony%2C+N+B%3BNestor%2C+KE&rft.aulast=Huff&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2005-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Alabama Poultry & Egg Association, PO Box 240, Montgomery, AL 36101-0240, USA; phone: 334-265-2732; fax: 334-265-0008; email: wanda@alabamapoultry.org; URL: http://www.alabamapoultry.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Effects of a commercial transport cage washing system on wastewater characteristics and surface bacteria recovery AN - 39915751; 3925355 AU - Northcutt, J K AU - Berrang, ME Y1 - 2005/03/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Mar 15 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39915751?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Effects+of+a+commercial+transport+cage+washing+system+on+wastewater+characteristics+and+surface+bacteria+recovery&rft.au=Northcutt%2C+J+K%3BBerrang%2C+ME&rft.aulast=Northcutt&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2005-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Alabama Poultry & Egg Association, PO Box 240, Montgomery, AL 36101-0240, USA; phone: 334-265-2732; fax: 334-265-0008; email: wanda@alabamapoultry.org; URL: http://www.alabamapoultry.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Effect of an experimental chlorate product (ECP) during simulated chill immersion conditions on the recovery of foodborne pathogens AN - 39908056; 3925357 AU - Byrd, JA AU - McReynolds, J L AU - Caldwell, D J AU - Nisbet, D J Y1 - 2005/03/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Mar 15 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39908056?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Effect+of+an+experimental+chlorate+product+%28ECP%29+during+simulated+chill+immersion+conditions+on+the+recovery+of+foodborne+pathogens&rft.au=Byrd%2C+JA%3BMcReynolds%2C+J+L%3BCaldwell%2C+D+J%3BNisbet%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Byrd&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.date=2005-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Alabama Poultry & Egg Association, PO Box 240, Montgomery, AL 36101-0240, USA; phone: 334-265-2732; fax: 334-265-0008; email: wanda@alabamapoultry.org; URL: http://www.alabamapoultry.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Spray washing and sanitizer immersion to lower Campylobacter numbers on broiler transport cage flooring AN - 39884509; 3925354 AU - Berrang, ME AU - Northcutt, J K Y1 - 2005/03/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Mar 15 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39884509?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Spray+washing+and+sanitizer+immersion+to+lower+Campylobacter+numbers+on+broiler+transport+cage+flooring&rft.au=Berrang%2C+ME%3BNorthcutt%2C+J+K&rft.aulast=Berrang&rft.aufirst=ME&rft.date=2005-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Alabama Poultry & Egg Association, PO Box 240, Montgomery, AL 36101-0240, USA; phone: 334-265-2732; fax: 334-265-0008; email: wanda@alabamapoultry.org; URL: http://www.alabamapoultry.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Novel staining method to enhance gross identification of chicken peyer's patches AN - 39869991; 3925434 AU - Vaughn, L AU - Holt, P AU - Moore, R AU - Stone, H Y1 - 2005/03/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Mar 15 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39869991?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Novel+staining+method+to+enhance+gross+identification+of+chicken+peyer%27s+patches&rft.au=Vaughn%2C+L%3BHolt%2C+P%3BMoore%2C+R%3BStone%2C+H&rft.aulast=Vaughn&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2005-03-15&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BMC+Psychiatry&rft.issn=1471-244X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Alabama Poultry & Egg Association, PO Box 240, Montgomery, AL 36101-0240, USA; phone: 334-265-2732; fax: 334-265-0008; email: wanda@alabamapoultry.org; URL: http://www.alabamapoultry.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A statistical approach to estimating runoff in center pivot irrigation with crust conditions AN - 17613209; 6198518 AB - There have been several proposals to evaluate potential runoff in center pivot irrigation, through the integration of time varying infiltration-precipitation rate curves, involving complex iterative procedures. Some methods use empirical infiltration functions, such as the Kostiakov equation. Others use physically based infiltration functions, such as the Green-Ampt equation. Another option is to use the Richards equation, describing the one-dimensional vertical infiltration of water into the soil for a specified irrigation event. This equation is generally accepted to provide a basis for comparison between other runoff estimation methods.[P.B. Luz, J.C. Martins, M.C. Goncalves, Reliable estimate of runoff in center pivot irrigation: statistical approach, in: Proceedings of the 16 Congress Mondial de Science du Sol, Poster 2-658, ISSS, Montpellier, France, August 19-25, 1998, pp. 577-593], developed a conceptual method of statistical nature, to estimate potential runoff in center pivot irrigation, comprising regression equations built with runoff results from a simulation computer model using the Richards equation. The procedure to simulate runoff involved a wide set of data related to water retention parameters and soil texture [W.J. Rawls, D.L. Brakensiek, Estimation of soil water retention and hydraulic properties, in: H.J. Morel-Seytoux (Ed.), Unsaturated Flow in Hydrologic Modeling, Theory and Practice, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 1989, pp. 275-300], and water application. Such regression equations present a dependent variable, defined as an index of four parameters, related to the center pivot irrigation and to the soil-water system evaluation. The method had unacceptable results when a crust developed on the soil surface. Therefore, the objective of this study was to redefine the index, establishing new parameter coefficients with a trial and error approach. The model efficiency (similar to the coefficient of determination, r super(2)) ranged from 90 to 98%, showing the results are in good agreement to those computed by Richards equation, exhibiting a strong predictive value. JF - Agricultural Water Management AU - Luz, P B AU - Heermann, D AD - USDA-ARS-Water Management Unit, 2150 Centre Avenue, Building D, Suite 320, Fort Collins, CO 80526, USA, pbluz@mail.telepac.pt Y1 - 2005/03/02/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Mar 02 SP - 33 EP - 46 VL - 72 IS - 1 SN - 0378-3774, 0378-3774 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - M3 1120:Land KW - M2 556.16:Runoff (556.16) KW - SW 1060:Conservation in agricultural use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17613209?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agricultural+Water+Management&rft.atitle=A+statistical+approach+to+estimating+runoff+in+center+pivot+irrigation+with+crust+conditions&rft.au=Luz%2C+P+B%3BHeermann%2C+D&rft.aulast=Luz&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2005-03-02&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agricultural+Water+Management&rft.issn=03783774&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.agwat.2004.09.013 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2004.09.013 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Plant biotechnology and feedstock genomics AN - 954580102; 13858301 JF - Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology AU - Jones, Daniel AU - Lassner, Michael AD - USDA/CSREES, Washington, DC Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 1145 PB - Humana Press Inc., 999 Riverview Dr., Ste. 208 Totowa NJ 07512 USA VL - 124 IS - 1-3 SN - 0273-2289, 0273-2289 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/954580102?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Plant+biotechnology+and+feedstock+genomics&rft.au=Jones%2C+Daniel%3BLassner%2C+Michael&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=124&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=1145&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=02732289&rft_id=info:doi/10.1385%2FABAB%3A124%3A1-3%3A1145 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1385/ABAB:124:1-3:1145 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Feedstock supply, logistics, processing, and composition AN - 954576003; 13859037 JF - Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology AU - Jung, Hans-Joachim G AU - Thompson, David N AD - USDA-Agricultural Research Service, St. Paul, MN Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 3 EP - 4 PB - Humana Press Inc., 999 Riverview Dr., Ste. 208 Totowa NJ 07512 USA VL - 121 IS - 1-3 SN - 0273-2289, 0273-2289 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/954576003?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Feedstock+supply%2C+logistics%2C+processing%2C+and+composition&rft.au=Jung%2C+Hans-Joachim+G%3BThompson%2C+David+N&rft.aulast=Jung&rft.aufirst=Hans-Joachim&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=121&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=02732289&rft_id=info:doi/10.1385%2FABAB%3A121%3A1-3%3A0003 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1385/ABAB:121:1-3:0003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enhanced biotransformation of furfural and hydroxymethylfurfural by newly developed ethanologenic yeast strains AN - 860392681; 13859051 AB - Furfural and hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) are representative inhibitors among many inhibitive compounds derived from biomass degradation and saccharification for bioethanol fermentation. Most yeasts, including industrial strains, are susceptible to these inhibitory compounds, especially when multiple inhibitors are present. Additional detoxification steps add cost and complexity to the process and generate additional waste products. To promote efficient bioethanol production, we studied the mechanisms of stress tolerance, particularly to fermentation inhibitors such as furfural and HMF. We recently reported a metabolite of 2,5-bis-hydroxymethylfuran as a conversion product of HMF and characterized a dose-dependent response of ethanologenic yeasts to inhibitors. In this study, we present newly adapted strains that demonstrated higher levels of tolerance to furfural and HMF. Saccharomyces cerevisiae 307-12H60 and 307-12H120 and Pichia stipitis 307 10H60 showed enhanced biotransformation ability to reduce HMF to 2,5-bis-hydroxymethylfuran at 30 and 60 mM, and S. cerevisiae 307-12-F40 converted furfural into furfuryl alcohol at significantly higher rates compared to the parental strains. Strains of S. cerevisiae converted 100% of HMF at 60 mM and S. cerevisiae 307-12-F40 converted 100% of furfural into furfuryl alcohol at 30 mM. The results of this study suggest a possible in situ detoxification of the inhibitors by using more inhibitor-tolerant yeast strains for bioethanol fermentation. The development of such tolerant strains provided a basis and useful materials for further studies on the mechanisms of stress tolerance. JF - Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology AU - Liu, ZLewis AU - Slininger, Patricia J AU - Gorsich, Steve W AD - National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, USDA-ARS, 1815 North University Street, 61604, Peoria, IL, liuzl@ncaur.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 451 EP - 460 PB - Humana Press Inc., 999 Riverview Dr., Ste. 208 Totowa NJ 07512 USA VL - 121 IS - 1-3 SN - 0273-2289, 0273-2289 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Detoxification KW - Biodegradation KW - Fermentation KW - Industrial strains KW - Wastes KW - biotransformation KW - Stress KW - Drug tolerance KW - Metabolites KW - Biomass KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae KW - Pichia stipitis KW - Biofuels KW - Ethanol KW - Furfural KW - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up KW - A 01320:Microbial Degradation KW - K 03320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/860392681?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Enhanced+biotransformation+of+furfural+and+hydroxymethylfurfural+by+newly+developed+ethanologenic+yeast+strains&rft.au=Liu%2C+ZLewis%3BSlininger%2C+Patricia+J%3BGorsich%2C+Steve+W&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=ZLewis&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=121&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=451&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=02732289&rft_id=info:doi/10.1385%2FABAB%3A121%3A1-3%3A0451 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-12-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Detoxification; Biodegradation; Fermentation; Industrial strains; biotransformation; Wastes; Drug tolerance; Stress; Metabolites; Biomass; Biofuels; Furfural; Ethanol; Pichia stipitis; Saccharomyces cerevisiae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1385/ABAB:121:1-3:0451 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Cost-Effective Screening Method for Pesticide Residue Analysis in Fruits, Vegetables, and Cereal Grains AN - 815542292; 13897089 AB - This paper reports the results of studies performed to investigate the potential of applying thin layer chromatography (TLC) detection in combination with selected extraction and cleanup methods, for providing an alternative cost-effective analytical procedure for screening and confirmation of pesticide residues in plant commodities. The extraction was carried out with ethyl acetate and an on-line extraction method applying an acetone-dichloromethane mixture. The extracts were cleaned up with SX-3 gel, an adsorbent mixture of active carbon, magnesia, and diatomaceous earth, and on silica micro cartridges. The Rf values of 118 pesticides were tested in eleven elution systems with UV, and eight biotest methods and chemical detection reagents. Cabbage, green peas, orange, and tomatoes were selected as representative sample matrices for fruits and vegetables, while maize, rice, and wheat represented cereal grains. As an internal quality control measure, marker compounds were applied on each plate to verify the proper elution and detection conditions. The Rf values varied in the different elution systems. The best separation (widest Rf range) was achieved with silica gel (SG)--ethyl acetate (0.05-0.7), SG--benzene, (0.02-0.7) and reverse phase RP-18 F-254S layer with acetone: methanol: water/30:30:30 (v/v) (0.1-0.8). The relative standard deviation of Rf values (CVRf) within laboratory reproducibility was generally less than 20%, except below 0.2 Rf, where the CVRf rapidly increased with decreasing Rf values. The fungi spore inhibition, chloroplast inhibition, and enzyme inhibition were found most suitable for detection of pesticides primarily for confirming their identity or screening for known substances. Their use for determination of pesticide residues in samples of unknown origin is not recommended. JF - Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B: Pesticides, Food Contaminants and Agricultural Wastes AU - Ambrus, A AU - Fuzesi, I AU - Susan, M AU - Dobi, D AU - Lantos, J AU - Zakar, F AU - Korsos, I AU - Olah, J AU - Beke, B B AU - Katavics, L AD - Plant Health and Soil Conservation Service of Vas County, Tanakajd, Hungary Y1 - 2005/03/01/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Mar 01 SP - 297 EP - 339 PB - Taylor & Francis Group Ltd., 2 Park Square Oxford OX14 4RN UK VL - 40 IS - 2 SN - 0360-1234, 0360-1234 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Vegetables KW - Methanol KW - Triticum aestivum KW - Agricultural Chemicals KW - Cereals KW - Economics KW - Chromatography KW - Fungi KW - Agricultural wastes KW - Inhibition KW - Quality control KW - Ethyl acetate KW - Acetone KW - Thin Layer Chromatography KW - Fruits KW - acetone KW - Pesticide residues KW - silica gel KW - Lycopersicon esculentum KW - Carbon KW - Zea mays KW - silica KW - Quality Control KW - wheat KW - fruits KW - Oryza sativa KW - Pesticide Residues KW - Enzymes KW - Chloroplasts KW - Food contamination KW - Brassica KW - Acetic acid KW - Standard deviation KW - Silica KW - Pesticides KW - Grain KW - Plant extracts KW - Spores KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - K 03450:Ecology KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/815542292?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+B%3A+Pesticides%2C+Food+Contaminants+and+Agricultural+Wastes&rft.atitle=A+Cost-Effective+Screening+Method+for+Pesticide+Residue+Analysis+in+Fruits%2C+Vegetables%2C+and+Cereal+Grains&rft.au=Ambrus%2C+A%3BFuzesi%2C+I%3BSusan%2C+M%3BDobi%2C+D%3BLantos%2C+J%3BZakar%2C+F%3BKorsos%2C+I%3BOlah%2C+J%3BBeke%2C+B+B%3BKatavics%2C+L&rft.aulast=Ambrus&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=297&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+B%3A+Pesticides%2C+Food+Contaminants+and+Agricultural+Wastes&rft.issn=03601234&rft_id=info:doi/10.1081%2FPFC-200045554 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fruits; Vegetables; Pesticide residues; silica gel; Agricultural wastes; Fungi; Methanol; Enzymes; Chloroplasts; Food contamination; Acetic acid; Silica; Carbon; Standard deviation; Cereals; Quality control; Ethyl acetate; Pesticides; Grain; Acetone; Plant extracts; Spores; wheat; acetone; Chromatography; silica; fruits; Economics; Agricultural Chemicals; Pesticide Residues; Inhibition; Quality Control; Thin Layer Chromatography; Lycopersicon esculentum; Triticum aestivum; Zea mays; Oryza sativa; Brassica DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/PFC-200045554 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Responses of Short-Season Corn Hybrids to a Humid Subtropical Environment AN - 746048190; 6536738 AB - Corn (Zea mays L.) hybrids commonly grown in the lower Mississippi River valley often encounter heat and drought stress during reproductive growth, which impairs yield and increases preharvest mycotoxin contamination. Four short- season hybrids developed for production at [=>] 40 N latitude and two hybrids adapted to the Midsouth USA were grown at Stoneville, MS (3326' N, 9055' W), in 2002 and 2003 using N fertility treatments of 112 kg N ha super(-1) preplant, 224 kg N ha super(-1) preplant, or 112 kg N ha super(-1) preplant + 112 kg N ha super(-1) side- dress at growth stage V6 (six leaves). Growing degree units at 10 base temperature required for growth stages R1 (silking) and R6 (physiological maturity) of the four short-season hybrids were 50 and 100 units greater, respectively, than when grown in their adapted environments. Yields of two of the short-season hybrids compared well with the adapted hybrids. Kernel weights and grain bulk density differed among hybrids but were not below levels subject to dockage. Aflatoxin and fumonisin levels were higher in 2002 than 2003. Three of the short-season hybrids did have aflatoxin levels in 2002 at least three times greater than the other three hybrids. Plots receiving 224 kg N ha super(- 1) preplant yielded more than the other N fertility treatments. Kernel weights were 10 mg greater for the higher N fertility treatments. Nitrogen fertility had no effect on mycotoxins. Short-season hybrids need to be individually evaluated for production potential in the lower Mississippi River valley. JF - Agronomy Journal AU - Bruns, HArnold AU - Abbas, H K AD - Crop Genetics and Prod. Res. Unit, Box 345, Stoneville, MS 38776, abruns@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 446 EP - 451 VL - 97 IS - 2 SN - 0002-1962, 0002-1962 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Rivers KW - Fumonisins KW - Fertility KW - Contamination KW - Temperature requirements KW - Leaves KW - Aflatoxins KW - Stress KW - Growth stage KW - Mycotoxins KW - Zea mays KW - Heat KW - Hybrids KW - Grain KW - Subtropical zones KW - Kernels KW - Maturity KW - Droughts KW - Nitrogen KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/746048190?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agronomy+Journal&rft.atitle=Responses+of+Short-Season+Corn+Hybrids+to+a+Humid+Subtropical+Environment&rft.au=Bruns%2C+HArnold%3BAbbas%2C+H+K&rft.aulast=Bruns&rft.aufirst=HArnold&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=97&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=446&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agronomy+Journal&rft.issn=00021962&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Fertility; Fumonisins; Contamination; Aflatoxins; Leaves; Temperature requirements; Stress; Growth stage; Mycotoxins; Heat; Hybrids; Grain; Kernels; Subtropical zones; Maturity; Droughts; Nitrogen; Zea mays ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of aflatoxin-producing fungi outside of Aspergillus section Flavi. AN - 69058070; 16396350 AB - Most aspergilli that produce aflatoxin are members of Aspergillus section Flavi, however isolates of several Aspergillus species not closely related to section Flavi also have been found to produce aflatoxin. Two of the species, Aspergillus ochraceoroseus and an undescribed Aspergillus species SRRC 1468, are morphologically similar to members of Aspergillus section Circumdati. The other species have Emericella teleomorphs (Em. astellata and an undescribed Emericella species SRRC 2520) and are morphologically distinctive in having ascospores with large flanges. All these aflatoxin-producing isolates were from tropical zones near oceans, and none of them grew on artificial media at 37 C. Aflatoxins and sterigmatocystin production were quantified by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) and confirmed by HPLC-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) detection. Phylogenetic analyses were conducted on these four species using A. parasiticus and Em. nidulans, (which produce aflatoxin and the aflatoxin precursor sterigmatocystin, respectively) for comparison. Two aflatoxin/sterigmatocystin biosynthesis genes and the beta tubulin gene were used in the analyses. Results showed that of the new aflatoxin-producers, Aspergillus SRRC 1468 forms a strongly supported clade with A. ochraceoroseus as does Emericella SRRC 2520 with Em. astellata SRRC 503 and 512. JF - Mycologia AU - Cary, J W AU - Klich, M A AU - Beltz, S B AD - USDA, ARS, Southern Regional Research Center, 1100 Robert E. Lee Blvd., New Orleans, Louisiana 70124, USA. jcary@srrc.ars.usda.gov PY - 2005 SP - 425 EP - 432 VL - 97 IS - 2 SN - 0027-5514, 0027-5514 KW - Aflatoxins KW - 0 KW - DNA, Fungal KW - Fungal Proteins KW - Tubulin KW - Sterigmatocystin KW - 10048-13-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Phylogeny KW - Mass Spectrometry KW - Tubulin -- genetics KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - DNA, Fungal -- genetics KW - Sterigmatocystin -- analysis KW - Fungal Proteins -- genetics KW - Sequence Homology, Amino Acid KW - Sequence Analysis, DNA KW - DNA, Fungal -- chemistry KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid KW - Aflatoxins -- analysis KW - Aspergillus -- genetics KW - Aflatoxins -- genetics KW - Emericella -- classification KW - Aspergillus -- cytology KW - Emericella -- genetics KW - Emericella -- cytology KW - Aspergillus -- chemistry KW - Emericella -- chemistry KW - Aspergillus -- classification UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/69058070?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mycologia&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+aflatoxin-producing+fungi+outside+of+Aspergillus+section+Flavi.&rft.au=Cary%2C+J+W%3BKlich%2C+M+A%3BBeltz%2C+S+B&rft.aulast=Cary&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=97&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=425&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mycologia&rft.issn=00275514&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-03-08 N1 - Date created - 2006-01-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relay cropping for improved air and water quality. AN - 67919447; 15948582 AB - Using plants to extract excess nitrate from soil is important in protecting against eutrophication of standing water, hypoxic conditions in lakes and oceans, or elevated nitrate concentrations in domestic water supplies Global climate change issues have raised new concerns about nitrogen (N) management as it relates to crop production even though there may not be an immediate threat to water quality. Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions are frequently considered the primary cause of global climate change, but under anaerobic conditions, animals can contribute by expelling methane (CH4) as do soil microbes. In terms of the potential for global climate change, CH4 is approximately 25 times more harmful than CO2. This differential effect is minuscule compared to when nitrous oxide (N2O) is released into the atmosphere because it is approximately 300 times more harmful than CO2. N2O losses from soil have been positively correlated with residual N (nitrate, NO3-) concentrations in soil. It stands to reason that phytoremediation via nitrate scavenger crops is one approach to help protect air quality, as well as soil and water quality. Winter wheat was inserted into a seed corn/soybean rotation to utilize soil nitrate and thereby reduce the potential for nitrate leaching and N2O emissions. The net effect of the 2001-2003 relay cropping sequence was to produce three crops in two years, scavenge 130 kg N/ha from the root zone, produce an extra 2 Mg residue/ha, and increase producer profitability by approximately 250 dollars/ha. JF - Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung. C, Journal of biosciences AU - Schepers, James S AU - Francis, Dennis D AU - Shanahan, John F AD - USDA-Argicultural Research Services, Lincohn, Nebraska, USA. jschepers1@unl.edu PY - 2005 SP - 186 EP - 189 VL - 60 IS - 3-4 SN - 0939-5075, 0939-5075 KW - Fertilizers KW - 0 KW - Soil KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Nitrogen KW - N762921K75 KW - Index Medicus KW - Agriculture -- standards KW - Triticum KW - Nitrogen -- analysis KW - Soil -- analysis KW - Nitrogen -- metabolism KW - Nebraska KW - Soybeans KW - Water Pollution KW - Crops, Agricultural UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67919447?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Zeitschrift+fur+Naturforschung.+C%2C+Journal+of+biosciences&rft.atitle=Relay+cropping+for+improved+air+and+water+quality.&rft.au=Schepers%2C+James+S%3BFrancis%2C+Dennis+D%3BShanahan%2C+John+F&rft.aulast=Schepers&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=186&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Zeitschrift+fur+Naturforschung.+C%2C+Journal+of+biosciences&rft.issn=09395075&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-06-30 N1 - Date created - 2005-06-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using hyperaccumulator plants to phytoextract soil Ni and Cd. AN - 67918586; 15948583 AB - Two strategies of phytoextraction have been shown to have promise for practical soil remediation: domestication of natural hyperaccumulators and bioengineering plants with the genes that allow natural hyperaccumulators to achieve useful phytoextraction. Because different elements have different value, some can be phytomined for profit and others can be phytoremediated at lower cost than soil removal and replacement. Ni phytoextraction from contaminated or mineralized soils offers economic return greater than producing most crops, especially when considering the low fertility or phytotoxicity of Ni rich soils. Only soils that require remediation based on risk assessment will comprise the market for phytoremediation. Improved risk assessment has indicated that most Zn + Cd contaminated soils will not require Cd phytoextraction because the Zn limits practical risk from soil Cd. But rice and tobacco, and foods grown on soils with Cd contamination without corresponding 100-fold greater Zn contamination, allow Cd to readily enter food plants and diets. Clear evidence of human renal tubular dysfunction from soil Cd has only been obtained for subsistence rice farm families in Asia. Because of historic metal mining and smelting, Zn + Cd contaminated rice soils have been found in Japan, China, Korea, Vietnam and Thailand. Phytoextraction using southern France populations of Thlaspi caerulescens appears to be the only practical method to alleviate Cd risk without soil removal and replacement. The southern France plants accumulate 10-20-fold higher Cd in shoots than most T. caerulescens populations such as those from Belgium and the UK. Addition of fertilizers to maximize yield does not reduce Cd concentration in shoots; and soil management promotes annual Cd removal. The value of Cd in the plants is low, so the remediation service must pay the costs of Cd phytoextraction plus profits to the parties who conduct phytoextraction. Some other plants have been studied for Cd phytoextraction, but annual removals are much lower than the best T. caerulescens. Improved cultivars with higher yields and retaining this remarkable Cd phytoextraction potential are being bred using normal plant breeding techniques. JF - Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung. C, Journal of biosciences AU - Chaney, Rufus L AU - Angle, J Scott AU - McIntosh, Marla S AU - Reeves, Roger D AU - Li, Yin-Ming AU - Brewer, Eric P AU - Chen, Kuang-Yu AU - Roseberg, Richard J AU - Perner, Henrike AU - Synkowski, Eva Claire AU - Broadhurst, C Leigh AU - Wang, S AU - Baker, Alan J M AD - USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Animal Manure and By-Products Lab, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, USA. chaneyr@ba.ars.usda.gov PY - 2005 SP - 190 EP - 198 VL - 60 IS - 3-4 SN - 0939-5075, 0939-5075 KW - Soil Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Cadmium KW - 00BH33GNGH KW - Nickel KW - 7OV03QG267 KW - Zinc KW - J41CSQ7QDS KW - Index Medicus KW - Zinc -- analysis KW - Humans KW - Oryza KW - Plant Shoots -- metabolism KW - Biomass KW - Cadmium Poisoning -- prevention & control KW - Cadmium -- metabolism KW - Plants -- metabolism KW - Nickel -- metabolism KW - Biodegradation, Environmental UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67918586?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurology&rft.atitle=Treatment+of+ADHD+in+children+with+tics%3A+A+randomized+controlled+trial&rft.au=Kurlan%2C+Roger&rft.aulast=Kurlan&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=527&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurology&rft.issn=00283878&rft_id=info:doi/10.1212%2FWNL.58.4.527 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-06-30 N1 - Date created - 2005-06-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Calf antibiotic and sulfonamide test (CAST) for screening antibiotic and sulfonamide residues in calf carcasses. AN - 67792191; 15859069 AB - The Calf Antibiotic and Sulfonamide Test (CAST), a microbial inhibition screening test, was developed for detecting antibiotics and sulfonamides in bob veal calf carcasses. The test uses Bacillus megaterium ATCC 9885 as the indicator organism and Mueller Hinton agar as the growth medium. Compared to Swab Test on Premises (STOP), developed in 1970, this screening test has higher sensitivity and the ability to detect a wider range of veterinary antimicrobial residual drugs, particularly sulfonamides, at lower concentrations. Carcasses that are tested with CAST and suspected of containing chemical residue above tolerance level are retained for confirmation. Disposition of these carcasses are determined upon laboratory result. Routine testing of bob veal calves with CAST allowed the Food Safety and Inspection Service to release most calf carcasses within 24 h post-slaughter, thus conserving shipping and handling resources. However, changes in the regulation in 1990 dictate that disposition of carcasses found to contain violative levels of sulfonamide residues should be based on laboratory findings. The analysis of the data for the years 1990-1994 and 1998 indicate that the use of CAST over the years was significant, and had a direct impact on reduction of residue violations in veal carcasses. With the use of CAST, potentially harmful antimicrobial chemicals entering the human food chain through veal meat have been minimized. JF - Journal of AOAC International AU - Dey, Bhabani P AU - Reamer, Richard P AU - Thaker, Nitin H AU - Thaler, Alice M AD - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food Safety and Inspection Service, Zoonotic Diseases and Residue Service Division, Washington, DC 20250, USA. Bhabani.Dey@fsis.usda.gov PY - 2005 SP - 440 EP - 446 VL - 88 IS - 2 SN - 1060-3271, 1060-3271 KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents KW - 0 KW - Anti-Infective Agents KW - Culture Media KW - Sulfonamides KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cattle KW - Reference Standards KW - Temperature KW - Biological Assay KW - Bacillus subtilis -- drug effects KW - Kidney -- chemistry KW - Bacillus megaterium -- drug effects KW - Muscle, Skeletal -- chemistry KW - Liver -- chemistry KW - Sulfonamides -- analysis KW - Anti-Infective Agents -- analysis KW - Drug Residues -- analysis KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents -- analysis KW - Meat -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67792191?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.atitle=Calf+antibiotic+and+sulfonamide+test+%28CAST%29+for+screening+antibiotic+and+sulfonamide+residues+in+calf+carcasses.&rft.au=Dey%2C+Bhabani+P%3BReamer%2C+Richard+P%3BThaker%2C+Nitin+H%3BThaler%2C+Alice+M&rft.aulast=Dey&rft.aufirst=Bhabani&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=440&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.issn=10603271&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-08-16 N1 - Date created - 2005-04-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of two fast and easy methods for pesticide residue analysis in fatty food matrixes. AN - 67791698; 15859091 AB - Two rapid methods of sample preparation and analysis of fatty foods (e.g., milk, eggs, and avocado) were evaluated and compared for 32 pesticide residues representing a wide range of physicochemical properties. One method, dubbed the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) method for pesticide residue analysis, entailed extraction of 15 g sample with 15 mL acetonitrile (MeCN) containing 1% acetic acid followed by addition of 6 g anhydrous magnesium sulfate and 1.5 g sodium acetate. After centrifugation, 1 mL of the buffered MeCN extract underwent a cleanup step (in a technique known as dispersive solid-phase extraction) using 50 mg each of C18 and primary secondary amine sorbents plus 150 mg MgSO4. The second method incorporated a form of matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD), in which 0.5 g sample plus 2 g C18 and 2 g anhydrous sodium sulfate was mixed in a mortar and pestle and added above a 2 g Florisil column on a vacuum manifold. Then, 5 x 2 mL MeCN was used to elute the pesticide analytes from the sample into a collection tube, and the extract was concentrated to 0.5 mL by evaporation. Extracts in both methods were analyzed concurrently by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. The recoveries of semi-polar and polar pesticides were typically 100% in both methods (except that basic pesticides, such as thiabendazole and imazalil, were not recovered in the MSPD method), but recovery of nonpolar pesticides decreased as fat content of the sample increased. This trend was more pronounced in the QuEChERS method, in which case the most lipophilic analyte tested, hexachlorobenzene, gave 27 +/- 1% recovery (n=6) in avocado (15% fat) with a<10 ng/g limit of quantitation. JF - Journal of AOAC International AU - Lehotay, Steven J AU - Mastovská, Katerina AU - Yun, Seon Jong AD - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, 600 E. Mermaid Ln, Wyndmoor, PA 19038, USA. slehotay@errc.ars.usda.gov PY - 2005 SP - 630 EP - 638 VL - 88 IS - 2 SN - 1060-3271, 1060-3271 KW - Dietary Fats KW - 0 KW - Indicators and Reagents KW - Pesticide Residues KW - Index Medicus KW - Mass Spectrometry KW - Animals KW - Vegetables -- chemistry KW - Cattle KW - Eggs -- analysis KW - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry KW - Chromatography, Liquid KW - Korea KW - Milk -- chemistry KW - Food Analysis -- methods KW - Food Analysis -- economics KW - Dietary Fats -- analysis KW - Pesticide Residues -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67791698?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+two+fast+and+easy+methods+for+pesticide+residue+analysis+in+fatty+food+matrixes.&rft.au=Lehotay%2C+Steven+J%3BMastovsk%C3%A1%2C+Katerina%3BYun%2C+Seon+Jong&rft.aulast=Lehotay&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=630&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.issn=10603271&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-08-16 N1 - Date created - 2005-04-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Validation of a fast and easy method for the determination of residues from 229 pesticides in fruits and vegetables using gas and liquid chromatography and mass spectrometric detection. AN - 67791655; 15859089 AB - Validation experiments were conducted of a simple, fast, and inexpensive method for the determination of 229 pesticides fortified at 10-100 ng/g in lettuce and orange matrixes. The method is known as the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) method for pesticide residues in foods. The procedure involved the extraction of a 15 g sample with 15 mL acetonitrile, followed by a liquid-liquid partitioning step performed by adding 6 g anhydrous MgSO4 plus 1.5 g NaCl. After centrifugation, the extract was decanted into a tube containing 300 mg primary secondary amine (PSA) sorbent plus 1.8 g anhydrous MgSO4, which constituted a cleanup procedure called dispersive solid-phase extraction (dispersive SPE). After a second shaking and centrifugation step, the acetonitrile extract was transferred to autosampler vials for concurrent analysis by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry with an ion trap instrument and liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry with a triple quadrupole instrument using electrospray ionization. Each analytical method was designed to analyze 144 pesticides, with 59 targeted by both instruments. Recoveries for all but 11 of the analytes in at least one of the matrixes were between 70-120% (90-110% for 206 pesticides), and repeatabilities typically <10% were achieved for a wide range of fortified pesticides, including methamidophos, spinosad, imidacloprid, and imazalil. Dispersive SPE with PSA retained carboxylic acids (e.g., daminozide), and <50% recoveries were obtained for asulam, pyridate, dicofol, thiram, and chlorothalonil. Many actual samples and proficiency test samples were analyzed by the method, and the results compared favorably with those from traditional methods. JF - Journal of AOAC International AU - Lehotay, Steven J AU - de Kok, André AU - Hiemstra, Maurice AU - Van Bodegraven, Peter AD - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, 600 East Mermaid Ln, Wyndmoor, PA 19038, USA. slehotay@errc.ars.usda.gov PY - 2005 SP - 595 EP - 614 VL - 88 IS - 2 SN - 1060-3271, 1060-3271 KW - Indicators and Reagents KW - 0 KW - Pesticide Residues KW - Pesticides KW - Solvents KW - Acetone KW - 1364PS73AF KW - Index Medicus KW - Mass Spectrometry KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Reference Standards KW - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry KW - Chromatography, Liquid KW - Calibration KW - Pesticides -- analysis KW - Vegetables -- chemistry KW - Pesticide Residues -- analysis KW - Fruit -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67791655?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.atitle=Validation+of+a+fast+and+easy+method+for+the+determination+of+residues+from+229+pesticides+in+fruits+and+vegetables+using+gas+and+liquid+chromatography+and+mass+spectrometric+detection.&rft.au=Lehotay%2C+Steven+J%3Bde+Kok%2C+Andr%C3%A9%3BHiemstra%2C+Maurice%3BVan+Bodegraven%2C+Peter&rft.aulast=Lehotay&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=595&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.issn=10603271&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-08-16 N1 - Date created - 2005-04-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of buffering and other means to improve results of problematic pesticides in a fast and easy method for residue analysis of fruits and vegetables. AN - 67788688; 15859090 AB - A modification that entails the use of buffering during extraction was made to further improve results for certain problematic pesticides (e.g., folpet, dichlofluanid, chlorothalonil, and pymetrozine) in a simple, fast, and inexpensive method for the determination of pesticides in produce. The method, known as the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) method for pesticide residues in foods, now involves the extraction of the sample with acetonitrile (MeCN) containing 1% acetic acid (HAc) and simultaneous liquid-liquid partitioning formed by adding anhydrous MgSO4 plus sodium acetate (NaAc). The extraction method is carried out by shaking a centrifuge tube which contains 1 mL of 1% HAc in MeCN plus 0.4 g anhydrous MgSO4 and 0.1 g anhydrous NaAc per g sample. The tube is then centrifuged, and a portion of the extract is transferred to a tube containing 50 mg primary secondary amine sorbent plus 150 mg anhydrous MgSO4/mL of extract. After a mixing and centrifugation step, the extract is transferred to autosampler vials for concurrent analysis by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Independent of the original sample pH, the use of buffering during the extraction yields pH 5 in the water phase, which increases recoveries of both acid- and base-sensitive pesticides. The method was evaluated for 32 diverse pesticides in different matrixes, and typical percent recoveries were 95 +/- 10, even for some problematic pesticides. Optional solvent exchange to toluene prior to GC/MS analysis was also evaluated, showing equally good results with the benefit of lower detection limits, but at the cost of more time, material, labor, and expense. JF - Journal of AOAC International AU - Lehotay, Steven J AU - Mastovská, Katerina AU - Lightfield, Alan R AD - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, 600 East Mermaid Ln, Wyndmoor, PA 19038, USA. slehotay@errc.ars.usda.gov PY - 2005 SP - 615 EP - 629 VL - 88 IS - 2 SN - 1060-3271, 1060-3271 KW - Buffers KW - 0 KW - Indicators and Reagents KW - Pesticide Residues KW - Pesticides KW - Solvents KW - Toluene KW - 3FPU23BG52 KW - Index Medicus KW - Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Beverages -- analysis KW - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration KW - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry KW - Calibration KW - Pesticides -- analysis KW - Food Analysis -- methods KW - Vegetables -- chemistry KW - Pesticide Residues -- analysis KW - Fruit -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67788688?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.atitle=Use+of+buffering+and+other+means+to+improve+results+of+problematic+pesticides+in+a+fast+and+easy+method+for+residue+analysis+of+fruits+and+vegetables.&rft.au=Lehotay%2C+Steven+J%3BMastovsk%C3%A1%2C+Katerina%3BLightfield%2C+Alan+R&rft.aulast=Lehotay&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=615&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.issn=10603271&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-08-16 N1 - Date created - 2005-04-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Erratum In: J AOAC Int. 2005 May-Jun;88(3):60A N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fast antimicrobial screen test (FAST): improved screen test for detecting antimicrobial residues in meat tissue. AN - 67788139; 15859070 AB - The Fast Antimicrobial Screen Test (FAST) is a simple and quick screening test developed to detect antibiotic and sulfonamide residues in food animal carcasses in slaughter establishments. This microbial inhibition test detects antimicrobials that are allowed to be used in food animals. It has the ability to detect these antimicrobials at or above the allowable limit in carcass kidney fluids in 6 h. Laboratory evaluations show that the lower limit of detection (LLD) of FAST and the Calf Antibiotic and Sulfa Test (CAST) for antibiotics tested was the same, but the LLD for sulfonamides of FAST was lower than the LLD of CAST. Compared with the Swab Test on Premises (STOP) developed in 1977, the LLD's of FAST for both antibiotics and sulfonamides were significantly better. Under field conditions, the sensitivity of FAST and CAST to antibiotic and sulfonamide residues in animal kidneys was not significantly different, but the time required by FAST was significantly lower than CAST (6 versus 18 h). Compared with the STOP, the sensitivity and the range of detection by FAST for all antimicrobials were significantly higher and the testing time was lower (18 versus 6 h). JF - Journal of AOAC International AU - Dey, Bhabani P AU - Thaker, Nitin H AU - Bright, Susan A AU - Thaler, Alice M AD - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food Safety and Inspection Service, Methods Development Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 207054, USA. Bhabani.dey@fsis.usda.gov PY - 2005 SP - 447 EP - 454 VL - 88 IS - 2 SN - 1060-3271, 1060-3271 KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents KW - 0 KW - Anti-Infective Agents KW - Culture Media KW - Sulfonamides KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Poultry KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents -- analysis KW - Reference Standards KW - Biological Assay KW - Kidney -- chemistry KW - Liver -- chemistry KW - False Positive Reactions KW - False Negative Reactions KW - Sulfonamides -- analysis KW - Cattle KW - Bacillus subtilis -- drug effects KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical KW - Bacillus megaterium -- drug effects KW - Anti-Infective Agents -- analysis KW - Drug Residues -- analysis KW - Meat -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67788139?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.atitle=Fast+antimicrobial+screen+test+%28FAST%29%3A+improved+screen+test+for+detecting+antimicrobial+residues+in+meat+tissue.&rft.au=Dey%2C+Bhabani+P%3BThaker%2C+Nitin+H%3BBright%2C+Susan+A%3BThaler%2C+Alice+M&rft.aulast=Dey&rft.aufirst=Bhabani&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=447&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.issn=10603271&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-08-16 N1 - Date created - 2005-04-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Detection of fecal contamination on apples with nanosecond-scale time-resolved imaging of laser-induced fluorescence. AN - 67511344; 15765694 AB - Detection of apples contaminated with feces is a public health concern. We found that time-resolved imaging of apples artificially contaminated with feces allowed optimization of timing parameters for detection. Dairy feces were applied to Red Delicious and Golden Delicious apples. Laser-induced fluorescence responses were imaged by use of a gated intensified camera. We developed algorithms to automatically detect contamination iteratively by using one half of the apples and validated them by applying the optimized algorithms to the remaining apples. Results show that consideration of the timing of fluorescence responses to pulsed-laser excitation can enhance detection of feces on apples. JF - Applied optics AU - Lefcourt, Alan M AU - Kim, Moon S AU - Chen, Yud-Ren AD - Instrumentation and Sensing Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Building 303 Powder Mill Road, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, USA. alefcour@anri.barc.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/03/01/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Mar 01 SP - 1160 EP - 1170 VL - 44 IS - 7 SN - 0003-6935, 0003-6935 KW - Index Medicus KW - Food Analysis -- methods KW - Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted -- methods KW - Animals KW - Cattle KW - Time Factors KW - Fruit -- chemistry KW - Spectrometry, Fluorescence -- methods KW - Food Contamination -- analysis KW - Algorithms KW - Microscopy, Fluorescence -- methods KW - Image Enhancement -- methods KW - Feces -- chemistry KW - Malus -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67511344?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+optics&rft.atitle=Detection+of+fecal+contamination+on+apples+with+nanosecond-scale+time-resolved+imaging+of+laser-induced+fluorescence.&rft.au=Lefcourt%2C+Alan+M%3BKim%2C+Moon+S%3BChen%2C+Yud-Ren&rft.aulast=Lefcourt&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1160&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+optics&rft.issn=00036935&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-05-03 N1 - Date created - 2005-03-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cattle feedlot soil moisture and manure content: I. Impacts on greenhouse gases, odor compounds, nitrogen losses, and dust. AN - 67506648; 15758117 AB - Beef cattle feedlots face serious environmental challenges associated with manure management, including greenhouse gas, odor, NH3, and dust emissions. Conditions affecting emissions are poorly characterized, but likely relate to the variability of feedlot surface moisture and manure contents, which affect microbial processes. Odor compounds, greenhouse gases, nitrogen losses, and dust potential were monitored at six moisture contents (0.11, 0.25, 0.43, 0.67, 1.00, and 1.50 g H2O g(-1) dry matter [DM]) in three artificial feedlot soil mixtures containing 50, 250, and 750 g manure kg(-1) total (manure + soil) DM over a two-week period. Moisture addition produced three microbial metabolisms: inactive, aerobic, and fermentative at low, moderate, and high moisture, respectively. Manure content acted to modulate the effect of moisture and enhanced some microbial processes. Greenhouse gas (CO2, N2O, and CH4) emissions were dynamic at moderate to high moisture. Malodorous volatile fatty acid (VFA) compounds did not accumulate in any treatments, but their persistence and volatility varied depending on pH and aerobic metabolism. Starch was the dominant substrate fueling both aerobic and fermentative metabolism. Nitrogen losses were observed in all metabolically active treatments; however, there was evidence for limited microbial nitrogen uptake. Finally, potential dust production was observed below defined moisture thresholds, which were related to manure content of the soil. Managing feedlot surface moisture within a narrow moisture range (0.2-0.4 g H2O g(-1) DM) and minimizing the accumulation of manure produced the optimum conditions that minimized the environmental impact from cattle feedlot production. JF - Journal of environmental quality AU - Miller, Daniel N AU - Berry, Elaine D AD - USDA-ARS, U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, P.O. Box 166, Clay Center, NE 68933-0166, USA. miller@email.marc.usda.gov PY - 2005 SP - 644 EP - 655 VL - 34 IS - 2 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Dust KW - 0 KW - Manure KW - Soil KW - Water KW - 059QF0KO0R KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - 142M471B3J KW - Nitrous Oxide KW - K50XQU1029 KW - Nitrogen KW - N762921K75 KW - Methane KW - OP0UW79H66 KW - Index Medicus KW - Water -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Animals KW - Cattle KW - Nitrogen -- analysis KW - Animal Husbandry KW - Carbon Dioxide -- analysis KW - Methane -- analysis KW - Nitrous Oxide -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67506648?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neuropsychiatric+Disease+and+Treatment&rft.atitle=Bupropion+SR+in+adults+with+ADHD%3A+A+short-term%2C+placebo-controlled+trial&rft.au=Reimherr%2C+Frederick+W.%3BHedges%2C+Dawson+W.%3BStrong%2C+Robert+E.%3BMarchant%2C+Barrie+K.%3BWilliams%2C+Erika+D.&rft.aulast=Reimherr&rft.aufirst=Frederick&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=245&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neuropsychiatric+Disease+and+Treatment&rft.issn=11766328&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-07-05 N1 - Date created - 2005-03-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Repellency of deet and SS220 applied to skin involves olfactory sensing by two species of ticks. AN - 67500027; 15752184 AB - Responses of host-seeking nymphs of the blacklegged tick, Ixodes scapularis Say and lone star tick, Amblyomma americanum (Linnaeus) (Acari: Ixodidae) to the repellents N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (deet) and (1S, 2'S)-2-methylpiperidinyl-3-cyclohexene-1-carboxamide (SS220) were studied using fingertip laboratory bioassays. Ethanol solutions of both compounds applied to the skin strongly repelled both species of ticks at 0.8 and 1.6 micromole of compound/cm2 skin. The ticks were also repelled when two layers of organdie cloth covered the portion of a finger treated with either deet or SS220. Gas chromatographic analyses of the outer layer of cloth that had covered skin treated with 1.6 micromole compound/cm2 skin revealed only 0.1 nmole SS220/cm2 cloth and 2.8 nmole deet/cm2 cloth. However, in bioassays in which a single layer of cloth was treated with a dose of deet or SS220 equivalent to the amount found in the outer layer of cloth, ticks were not repelled. Results unequivocally demonstrated that these ticks responded to the repellents in the vapour phase when repellent treated skin was covered with cloth to obviate tactile contact with them, and made it clear that the ticks detect the repellents by olfactory sensing. Heretofore, the mode of action of deet and SS220 was unclear. JF - Medical and veterinary entomology AU - Carroll, J F AU - Klun, J A AU - Debboun, M AD - Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD, USA. jcarroll@anri.barc.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - March 2005 SP - 101 EP - 106 VL - 19 IS - 1 SN - 0269-283X, 0269-283X KW - Cyclohexenes KW - 0 KW - Insect Repellents KW - Piperidines KW - SS220 KW - DEET KW - 134-62-3 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Skin KW - Humans KW - Smell -- physiology KW - Ixodidae -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67500027?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Medical+and+veterinary+entomology&rft.atitle=Repellency+of+deet+and+SS220+applied+to+skin+involves+olfactory+sensing+by+two+species+of+ticks.&rft.au=Carroll%2C+J+F%3BKlun%2C+J+A%3BDebboun%2C+M&rft.aulast=Carroll&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=101&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Medical+and+veterinary+entomology&rft.issn=0269283X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-05-17 N1 - Date created - 2005-03-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Taking stock of herbicide-resistant crops ten years after introduction. AN - 67439818; 15660452 AB - Since transgenic, bromoxynil-resistant cotton and glufosinate-resistant canola were introduced in 1995, planting of transgenic herbicide-resistant crops has grown substantially, revolutionizing weed management where they have been available. Before 1995, several commercial herbicide-resistant crops were produced by biotechnology through selection for resistance in tissue culture. However, non-transgenic herbicide-resistant crops have had less commercial impact. Since the introduction of glyphosate-resistant soybean in 1996, and the subsequent introduction of other glyphosate-resistant crops, where available, they have taken a commanding share of the herbicide-resistant crop market, especially in soybean, cotton and canola. The high level of adoption of glyphosate-resistant crops by North American farmers has helped to significantly reduce the value of the remaining herbicide market. This has resulted in reduced investment in herbicide discovery, which may be problematic for addressing future weed-management problems. Introduction of herbicide-resistant crops that can be used with selective herbicides has apparently been hindered by the great success of glyphosate-resistant crops. Evolution of glyphosate-resistant weeds and movement of naturally resistant weed species into glyphosate-resistant crop fields will require increases in the use of other herbicides, but the speed with which these processes compromise the use of glyphosate alone is uncertain. The future of herbicide-resistant crops will be influenced by many factors, including alternative technologies, public opinion and weed resistance. Considering the relatively few recent approvals for field testing new herbicide-resistant crops and recent decisions not to grow glyphosate-resistant sugarbeet and wheat, the introduction and adoption of herbicide-resistant crops during the next 10 years is not likely to be as dramatic as in the past 10 years. JF - Pest management science AU - Duke, Stephen O AD - Natural Products Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, PO Box 8048, University, Mississippi 38677, USA. sduke@olemiss.edu Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - March 2005 SP - 211 EP - 218 VL - 61 IS - 3 SN - 1526-498X, 1526-498X KW - Herbicides KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Agriculture -- trends KW - Agriculture -- history KW - Drug Resistance -- genetics KW - History, 20th Century KW - Agriculture -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Crops, Agricultural -- history KW - Crops, Agricultural -- drug effects KW - Plants, Genetically Modified -- drug effects KW - Herbicides -- pharmacology KW - Crops, Agricultural -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67439818?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pest+management+science&rft.atitle=Taking+stock+of+herbicide-resistant+crops+ten+years+after+introduction.&rft.au=Duke%2C+Stephen+O&rft.aulast=Duke&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=211&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pest+management+science&rft.issn=1526498X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-05-02 N1 - Date created - 2005-02-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular evolution of herbicide resistance to phytoene desaturase inhibitors in Hydrilla verticillata and its potential use to generate herbicide-resistant crops. AN - 67438360; 15668922 AB - Hydrilla [Hydrilla verticillata (Lf) Royle] is one of the most serious invasive aquatic weed problems in the USA. This plant possesses numerous mechanisms of vegetative reproduction that enable it to spread very rapidly. Management of this weed has been achieved by the systemic treatment of water bodies with the herbicide fluridone. At least three dioecious fluridone-resistant biotypes of hydrilla with two- to fivefold higher resistance to the herbicide than the wild-type have been identified. Resistance is the result of one of three independent somatic mutations at the arginine 304 codon of the gene encoding phytoene desaturase, the molecular target site of fluridone. The specific activities of the three purified phytoene desaturase variants are similar to the wild-type enzyme. The appearance of these herbicide-resistant biotypes may jeopardize the ability to control the spread of this non-indigenous species to other water bodies in the southern USA. The objective of this paper is to provide general information about the biology and physiology of this aquatic weed in relation to its recent development of resistance to the herbicide fluridone, and to discuss how this discovery might lead to a new generation of herbicide-resistant crops. Copyright 2005 Society of Chemical Industry JF - Pest management science AU - Arias, Renée S AU - Netherland, Michael D AU - Scheffler, Brian E AU - Puri, Atul AU - Dayan, Franck E AD - USDA/ARS, Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, PO Box 8048, University, Mississippi 38677, USA. Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - March 2005 SP - 258 EP - 268 VL - 61 IS - 3 SN - 1526-498X, 1526-498X KW - Herbicides KW - 0 KW - Pyridones KW - fluridone KW - 3L0JQA61JX KW - Oxidoreductases KW - EC 1.- KW - phytoene dehydrogenase KW - EC 1.14.99.- KW - Index Medicus KW - Environment KW - Plants, Genetically Modified -- drug effects KW - Drug Resistance KW - Crops, Agricultural -- genetics KW - Evolution, Molecular KW - Oxidoreductases -- genetics KW - Herbicides -- pharmacology KW - Hydrocharitaceae -- genetics KW - Hydrocharitaceae -- enzymology KW - Pyridones -- pharmacology KW - Hydrocharitaceae -- drug effects KW - Oxidoreductases -- antagonists & inhibitors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67438360?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pest+management+science&rft.atitle=Molecular+evolution+of+herbicide+resistance+to+phytoene+desaturase+inhibitors+in+Hydrilla+verticillata+and+its+potential+use+to+generate+herbicide-resistant+crops.&rft.au=Arias%2C+Ren%C3%A9e+S%3BNetherland%2C+Michael+D%3BScheffler%2C+Brian+E%3BPuri%2C+Atul%3BDayan%2C+Franck+E&rft.aulast=Arias&rft.aufirst=Ren%C3%A9e&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=258&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pest+management+science&rft.issn=1526498X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-05-02 N1 - Date created - 2005-02-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recycling of manure nutrients: use of algal biomass from dairy manure treatment as a slow release fertilizer AN - 20859052; 6065542 AB - An alternative to land spreading of manure is to grow crops of algae on the N and P present in the manure and convert manure N and P into algal biomass. The objective of this study was to evaluate the fertilizer value of dried algal biomass that had been grown using anaerobically digested dairy manure. Results from a flask study using two soils amended with algal biomass showed that 3% of total algal nitrogen (N) was present as plant available N at day 0. Approximately 33% of algal N was converted to plant available N within 21 days at 25 degree C in both soils. Levels of Mehlich-3 extractable phosphorus (P) in the two soils rose with increasing levels of algal amendment but were also influenced by existing soil P levels. Results from plant growth experiments showed that 20-day old cucumber and corn seedlings grown in algae-amended potting mix contained 15-20% of applied N, 46-60% of available N, and 38-60% of the applied P. Seedlings grown in algae-amended potting mixes were equivalent to those grown with comparable levels of fertilizer amended potting mixes with respect to seedling dry weight and nutrient content. These results suggest that dried algal biomass produced from treatment of anaerobically digested dairy manure can substitute for commercial fertilizers used for potting systems. JF - Bioresource Technology AU - Mulbry, W AU - Westhead, E K AU - Pizarro, C AU - Sikora, L AD - Animal Manure & By-products Laboratory, ARS/USDA, Building 306, Room 109 BARC-East, Beltsville, MD 20705-2350, USA, mulbryw@ba.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 451 EP - 458 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 96 IS - 4 SN - 0960-8524, 0960-8524 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Dairy manure KW - Organic fertilizer KW - Anaerobic digestion KW - Algae KW - Nitrogen KW - Phosphorus KW - Corn KW - Cucumber KW - Spreading KW - Manure KW - Nutrients KW - Recycling KW - Crops KW - Soil KW - Fertilizers KW - Animal wastes KW - Biomass KW - Nutrient content KW - Dairies KW - Cucumis sativus KW - Seedlings KW - W 30930:Agricultural Applications KW - K 03073:Algae KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20859052?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioresource+Technology&rft.atitle=Recycling+of+manure+nutrients%3A+use+of+algal+biomass+from+dairy+manure+treatment+as+a+slow+release+fertilizer&rft.au=Mulbry%2C+W%3BWesthead%2C+E+K%3BPizarro%2C+C%3BSikora%2C+L&rft.aulast=Mulbry&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=96&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=451&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioresource+Technology&rft.issn=09608524&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biortech.2004.05.026 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Manure; Spreading; Phosphorus; Nutrients; Recycling; Biomass; Crops; Soil; Nutrient content; Fertilizers; Dairies; Seedlings; Nitrogen; Algae; Animal wastes; Anaerobic digestion; Cucumis sativus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2004.05.026 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicological and biochemical characterization of coumaphos resistance in the San Roman strain of Boophilus microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) AN - 20814417; 8247326 AB - The San Roman strain of the southern cattle tick, Boophilus microplus, collected from Mexico was previously reported to have a high level of resistance to the organophosphate acaricide coumaphos. An oxidative detoxification mechanism was suspected to contribute to coumaphos resistance in this tick strain, as coumaphos bioassay with piperonyl butoxide (PBO) on larvae of this resistant strain resulted in enhanced coumaphos toxicity, while coumaphos assays with PBO resulted in reduced toxicity of coumaphos in a susceptible reference strain. In this study, we further analyzed the mechanism of oxidative metabolic detoxification with synergist bioassays of coroxon, the toxic metabolite of coumaphos, and the mechanism of target-site insensitivity with acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition kinetics assays. Bioassays of coroxon with PBO resulted in synergism of coroxon toxicity in both the San Roman and the susceptible reference strains. The synergism ratio of PBO on coroxon in the resistant strain was 4.5 times that of the susceptible strain. The results suggested that the cytP450-based metabolic detoxification existed in both resistant and susceptible strains, but its activity was significantly enhanced in the resistant strain. Comparisons of AChE activity and inhibition kinetics by coroxon in both susceptible and resistant strains revealed that the resistant San Roman strain had an insensitive AChE, with a reduced phosphorylation rate, resulting in a reduced bimolecular reaction constant. These data indicate a mechanism of coumaphos resistance in the San Roman strain that involves both insensitive AChE and enhanced cytP450-based metabolic detoxification. JF - Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology AU - Li, A Y AU - Pruett, J H AU - Davey, R B AU - George, JE AD - ARS, Knipling-Bushland US Livestock Insects Research Laboratory, 2700 Fredericksburg Road, Kerrville, TX 78028, USA, Andrew.Li@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 145 EP - 153 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 81 IS - 3 SN - 0048-3575, 0048-3575 KW - Entomology Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Detoxification KW - Boophilus microplus KW - Acetylcholinesterase KW - Ixodidae KW - Metabolites KW - Piperonyl butoxide KW - Toxicity KW - organophosphates KW - Phosphorylation KW - Kinetics KW - Pesticides KW - Coumaphos KW - Acaricides KW - Acari KW - Z 05350:Medical, Veterinary, and Agricultural Entomology KW - X 24330:Agrochemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20814417?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pesticide+Biochemistry+and+Physiology&rft.atitle=Toxicological+and+biochemical+characterization+of+coumaphos+resistance+in+the+San+Roman+strain+of+Boophilus+microplus+%28Acari%3A+Ixodidae%29&rft.au=Li%2C+A+Y%3BPruett%2C+J+H%3BDavey%2C+R+B%3BGeorge%2C+JE&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=145&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pesticide+Biochemistry+and+Physiology&rft.issn=00483575&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.pestbp.2004.12.002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Detoxification; Phosphorylation; Acetylcholinesterase; Kinetics; Pesticides; Coumaphos; Piperonyl butoxide; Metabolites; Acaricides; organophosphates; Toxicity; Boophilus microplus; Ixodidae; Acari DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pestbp.2004.12.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The aggregation pheromone of Diorhabda elongata, a biological control agent of saltcedar(Tamarix spp.): identification of two behaviorally active components AN - 20735085; 6642517 AB - The leaf beetle Diorhabda elongata Brulle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) has been introduced as a biological control agent for saltcedars, Tamarix spp., an exotic, invasive weedy tree in the western United State. Gas chromatographic (GC) analysis of volatiles collected from feeding male or female beetles, or saltcedar foliage alone, showed two components produced almost exclusively by males. These compounds elicited responses from antennae of male and female beetles in GC-electroantennographic detection (EAD) analyses. The compounds were identified as (2E,4Z)-2,4-heptadienal (1) and (2E,4Z)-2,4-heptadien-1-ol (2) by GC-mass spectrometry (MS), and confirmed with authentic standards. The two compounds were also detected at trace levels from feeding females and foliage controls, but the amounts from feeding males were 8-40 times higher, typically 55-125 ng per day per male. The amounts of 1 and 2 in collections from females did not differ significantly from amounts collected from control foliage. In field trials, 2 as a single component was as attractive as a 1:1 blend of 1 and 2. Compound 1 as a single component was more attractive than controls, but much less attractive than 2 or the blend. Males and females were attracted in about equal numbers, indicating that this is an aggregation pheromone. JF - Journal of Chemical Ecology AU - Coss, Allard A AU - Bartelt, Robert J AU - Zilkowski, Bruce W AU - Bean, Daniel W AU - Petroski, Richard J AD - Crop Bioprotection Research Unit, 1815 N. University Street, Peoria, Illinois, 61604, cosseaa@ncaur.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 657 EP - 670 PB - Springer-Verlag (Heidelberg), Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany, [mailto:subscriptions@springer.de], [URL:http://www.springer.de/] VL - 31 IS - 3 SN - 0098-0331, 0098-0331 KW - (2E,4Z)-2,4-Heptadien-1-ol KW - (2E,4Z)-2,4-Heptadienal KW - Beetles KW - Coleoptera KW - Leaf beetles KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Ecology Abstracts; Animal Behavior Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts; Chemoreception Abstracts KW - Biological control KW - Foliage KW - Feeding KW - Tamarix KW - Chemical composition KW - Trees KW - Aggregation pheromone KW - Leaves KW - Electroantennograms KW - Diorhabda elongate KW - Antennae KW - Spectrometry KW - USA KW - Diorhabda elongata KW - Volatiles KW - Feeding behavior KW - Chrysomelidae KW - A 01370:Biological Control KW - Y 25363:Insects KW - Z 05207:Agricultural & general applied entomology KW - D 04710:Control KW - R 18008:Pheromones & other infochemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20735085?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Chemical+Ecology&rft.atitle=The+aggregation+pheromone+of+Diorhabda+elongata%2C+a+biological+control+agent+of+saltcedar%28Tamarix+spp.%29%3A+identification+of+two+behaviorally+active+components&rft.au=Coss%2C+Allard+A%3BBartelt%2C+Robert+J%3BZilkowski%2C+Bruce+W%3BBean%2C+Daniel+W%3BPetroski%2C+Richard+J&rft.aulast=Coss&rft.aufirst=Allard&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=657&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Chemical+Ecology&rft.issn=00980331&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10886-005-2053-2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological control; Feeding; Foliage; Chemical composition; Trees; Volatiles; Electroantennograms; Leaves; Aggregation pheromone; Feeding behavior; Antennae; Spectrometry; Tamarix; Diorhabda elongata; Coleoptera; Diorhabda elongate; Chrysomelidae; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10886-005-2053-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sampling to make maps for site-specific weed management AN - 20211668; 8693699 AB - Growers need affordable methods to sample weed populations to reduce herbicide use with site-specific weed management. Sampling programs and methods of developing sampling programs for integrated pest management are not sufficient for site-specific weed management because more and different information is needed to make treatment maps than simply estimate average pest density. Sampling plans for site-specific weed management must provide information to map the weeds in the field but should be developed for the objective of prescribing spatially variable management. Weed scientists will be most successful at designing plans for site-specific weed management if they focus on this objective throughout the process of designing a sampling plan. They must also learn more about the spatial distribution and dynamics of weed populations and use that knowledge to identify cost-effective plans, recommend methods to make maps as well as collect data, and find ways to evaluate maps that reflect management to be prescribed from the map. Foremost, sampling must be thought of as an ongoing process over time that uses many types of information rather than a single event of collecting one type of information. Specifically, scientists will need to identify common characteristics rather than just differences of the spatial distribution of weeds among fields and species, recognize that map accuracy may be a poor indicator of the value of a sampling plan, and develop methods to use growers' knowledge of the distribution of weeds and past spatially variable management within a field for both making a map and recommending a sampling plan. The value of proposed methods for sampling and mapping must also be demonstrated or adoption of site-specific weed management might be limited to growers who enjoy using sophisticated technology. JF - Weed Science AU - Wiles, Lori J Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 228 EP - 235 PB - Allen Press, Inc., 810 East Tenth St. VL - 53 IS - 2 SN - 0043-1745, 0043-1745 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - weed control KW - Herbicides KW - spatial distribution KW - Economics KW - Mapping KW - weeds KW - integrated pest management KW - Technology KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20211668?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Weed+Science&rft.atitle=Sampling+to+make+maps+for+site-specific+weed+management&rft.au=Wiles%2C+Lori+J&rft.aulast=Wiles&rft.aufirst=Lori&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=228&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Weed+Science&rft.issn=00431745&rft_id=info:doi/10.1614%2FWS-04-057R1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - weeds; weed control; spatial distribution; Economics; Herbicides; Mapping; Technology; integrated pest management DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/WS-04-057R1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Generation of reactive oxygen species by a novel anthraquinone derivative in the cyanobacterium Planktothrix perornata (Skuja) AN - 20003291; 8247331 AB - A water-soluble anthraquinone derivative (2-[methylamino-N-(1'-methylethyl)]-9,10-anthraquinone monophosphate), previously found to be selectively toxic towards Planktothrix perornata at submicromolar concentrations, was studied to determine its toxic mode of action towards this cyanobacterium. Chlorophyll fluorescence was monitored as an indicator of photosynthetic efficiency, and measurement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was performed using the ROS-sensitive probe 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate. The effects of the herbicide paraquat (a ROS generator) as well as ascorbate and alpha -tocopherol (ROS scavengers) on ROS formation by P. perornata were studied. Also, the effects of different concentrations of ascorbate, alpha -tocopherol, and the herbicide diuron on reducing the toxicity of the water-soluble anthraquinone derivative towards P. perornata were determined. Our results indicate that the water-soluble anthraquinone derivative does not inhibit photosynthetic electron transport directly, but does generate ROS at levels that may cause toxicity towards P. perornata. JF - Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology AU - Schrader, K K AU - Dayan, F E AU - Nanayakkara, NPD AD - Agricultural Research Service, Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, National Center for Natural Products Research, P.O. Box 8048, University, MS 38677, USA, Kschrader@msa-oxford.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - March 2005 SP - 198 EP - 207 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl] VL - 81 IS - 3 SN - 0048-3575, 0048-3575 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts KW - Chlorophyll KW - Fluorescence KW - Diuron KW - anthraquinone KW - Herbicides KW - Toxicity KW - Ascorbic acid KW - Vitamin E KW - Planktothrix KW - Reactive oxygen species KW - Pesticides KW - Planning KW - Fluorescent indicators KW - Electron transport KW - Cyanophyta KW - Paraquat KW - Q4 27770:Algae KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - K 03320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20003291?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pesticide+Biochemistry+and+Physiology&rft.atitle=Generation+of+reactive+oxygen+species+by+a+novel+anthraquinone+derivative+in+the+cyanobacterium+Planktothrix+perornata+%28Skuja%29&rft.au=Schrader%2C+K+K%3BDayan%2C+F+E%3BNanayakkara%2C+NPD&rft.aulast=Schrader&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=198&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pesticide+Biochemistry+and+Physiology&rft.issn=00483575&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.pestbp.2004.11.004 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Planning; Pesticides; Herbicides; Toxicity; Chlorophyll; Fluorescence; Diuron; anthraquinone; Ascorbic acid; Vitamin E; Reactive oxygen species; Fluorescent indicators; Electron transport; Paraquat; Planktothrix; Cyanophyta DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pestbp.2004.11.004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Brome Control and Microbial Inoculation Effects in Reclaimed Cool-Season Grasslands AN - 19962201; 6201304 AB - Introduction and subsequent invasion of smooth brome (Bromus inermis Leyss.) into native cool- and warm-season grassland communities has become problematic where presence of native species is important or mandated. The objectives of this study were to examine the efficacy of burning, grazing, and herbicide to reduce smooth brome production and cover while minimizing coincident detrimental effects on cool-season grasses in a reclaimed surface coal mine site. Concurrently, the project also investigated effects of microbial inoculation on respread topsoil subjected to long-term storage and associated effects on seeded cool-season grasses subjected to brome control treatments. Results indicated that grazing and burning were most effective after 2 years of treatment. Smooth brome biomass was lowest in reburned cells (mean plus or minus SE, 189 plus or minus 77 kg.ha super(-1)) followed by regrazed (294 plus or minus 129) compared to untreated cells (824 plus or minus 42) (P < 0.0001). Native grass production was highest in grazed cells (141 plus or minus 67 kg.ha super(-1)) followed by burning (104 plus or minus 41), herbicide (72 plus or minus 30), and untreated (30 plus or minus 27). Foliar cover response patterns were similar. Inoculation had little effect on microbial biomass and mycorrhizal infection. Retreated cells did show differences among months (P = 0.013) in 2000, and microbial carbon ranged from 0.07 plus or minus 0.01 mg/g in June to 0.12 plus or minus 0.01 in July and 0.12 plus or minus 0.01 in August, averaged across treatments. Root infection decreased as soil moisture declined. Results indicate grazing offers the greatest potential for controlling smooth brome without harming native, seeded grasses on reclaimed lands in northern mixed-prarie communities, and inoculation was unnecessary for enhancing seeded, cool-season grass growth.Original Abstract: La introduccion y subsecuente invasion del 'Smooth brome' (Bromus inermis Leyss.) en la comunidades de pastizal de zacates de estacion fria y caliente ha venido a ser problematico donde la presencia de las especies nativas es importante o mandatoria. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron examinar la eficacia de la quema, el apacentamiento y los herbicidas para reducir la produccion y cobertura del 'Smooth brome' minimizando los efectos perjudiciales colaterales sobre los zacates de estacion fria en un sitio en restauracion de una mina superficial de carbon. El proyecto tambien examino los efectos de la inoculacion microbiana sobre el suelo de la capa superficial esparcido en el sitio despues de un largo periodo de almacenamiento y los efectos asociados en zacates de estacion fria sembrados y sujetos a tratamientos de control de 'Smooth brome.' Los resultados indican que el apacentamiento y la quema fueron mas efectivos despues de dos anos de tratamiento. La menor biomasa de 'Smooth brome' se obtuvo en las areas re-quemadas (media plus or minus EE, 189 plus or minus 77 kg.ha super(-1)),seguida por las areas re-apacentadas (294 plus or minus 129 kg.ha super(-1)) comparados con las areas sin tratar (824 plus or minus 42 kg.ha super(-1))(P < 0.0001). La mayor produccion de biomasa de los zacates nativos se obtuvo en las areas apacentadas (141 plus or minus 67 kg.ha super(-1)), seguida por las areas quemadas, con aplicacion de herbicidas y sin tratar con 104 plus or minus 41, 72 plus or minus 30 y 30 plus or minus 27 kg.ha super(-1) respectivamente. Los patrones de respuesta de la cobertura foliar fueron similares. La inoculacion tuvo poco efecto en la biomasa microbiana y la infeccion de micorrizas. En el 2000, las areas re-tratatadas mostraron diferencias entre meses (P = 0.013) y el carbon microbiano, promediado entre tratamientos, vario de 0.07 plus or minus 0.01 mg/g en Junio a 0.12 plus or minus 0.01 en Julio y 0.12 plus or minus 0.01 en Agosto. La infeccion radical disminuyo conforme la humedad del suelo disminuyo. Los resultados indican que el apacentamiento ofrece el mayor potencial para controlar el 'Smooth brome' sin danar a los zacates nativos sembrados en sitios en restauracion de las comunidades de praderas mixtas del norte y la inoculacion fue innecesaria para mejorar el crecimiento de los zacates de estacion fria sembrados. JF - Rangeland Ecology & Management AU - Dean Stacy, M AU - Perryman, B L AU - Stahl, P D AU - Smith, MA AD - Range Management Specialist, USDA-NRCS, Price, UT 84501 Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 161 EP - 166 PB - Society for Range Management VL - 58 IS - 2 SN - 1550-7424, 1550-7424 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Ecology Abstracts KW - Grasses KW - Grazing KW - Roots KW - Herbicides KW - Coal KW - Biomass KW - Infection KW - Mines KW - Range management KW - Indigenous species KW - Rangelands KW - Grasslands KW - Reclaimed land KW - Carbon KW - Inoculation KW - Bromus inermis KW - Burning KW - Soil moisture KW - D 04700:Management KW - A 01400:Soil Microbes KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19962201?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rangeland+Ecology+%26+Management&rft.atitle=Brome+Control+and+Microbial+Inoculation+Effects+in+Reclaimed+Cool-Season+Grasslands&rft.au=Dean+Stacy%2C+M%3BPerryman%2C+B+L%3BStahl%2C+P+D%3BSmith%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Dean+Stacy&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=161&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Rangeland+Ecology+%26+Management&rft.issn=15507424&rft_id=info:doi/10.2111%2F1551-5028%282005%29582.0.CO%3B2 L2 - http://journals.allenpress.com/jrnlserv/?request=get-abstract&issn=1550-7424&volume=58&page=161 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Grazing; Grasses; Roots; Herbicides; Coal; Mines; Infection; Biomass; Range management; Grasslands; Rangelands; Indigenous species; Reclaimed land; Carbon; Inoculation; Burning; Soil moisture; Bromus inermis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2111/1551-5028(2005)58<161:BCAMIE>2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Removing Selenite from Groundwater with an In Situ Biobarrier: Laboratory Studies AN - 19953329; 6650748 AB - Laboratory biobarriers were evaluated for their ability to remove selenite from flowing groundwater. Microbial activity in aquifers is usually limited by substrate availability, and biobarriers stimulate microbial activity by providing a substrate; for these studies soybean oil was used. Water containing 10 mg L super(-1) selenite-Se was pumped through the biobarriers for 74 days and the amount present in the effluent monitored. The amounts remained high for the first 2 weeks of the study but then declined. From day 28 until the end of the study the amount of selenite-Se in the column effluents averaged 0.20 plus or minus 0.04 mg L super(-1), a decrease of approximately 98%. At the end of the study about half of the selenite-Se applied to the columns was recovered as immobilized selenium trapped by the biobarrier. This study suggests that biobarriers containing vegetable oil might be used as a process for removing selenite from contaminated groundwater. JF - Current Microbiology AU - Hunter, William J AU - Kuykendall, LDavid AD - USDA-ARS, NRRC, 2150-D Centre Avenue, Fort Collins, CO, 80526-8119, USA, william.hunter@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 145 EP - 150 PB - Springer-Verlag, Life Science Journals, 175 Fifth Ave. New York NY 10010 USA, [mailto:orders@springer-ny.com], [URL:http://www.springer-ny.com/] VL - 50 IS - 3 SN - 0343-8651, 0343-8651 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Aquifers KW - Vegetables KW - Groundwater Pollution KW - Oil KW - Selenium KW - Substrates KW - Ground water KW - soybeans KW - Water Pollution Treatment KW - Laboratories KW - selenite KW - Microbial activity KW - Effluents KW - Soybeans KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Groundwater KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - A 01113:General KW - SW 3070:Water quality control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19953329?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Removing+Selenite+from+Groundwater+with+an+In+Situ+Biobarrier%3A+Laboratory+Studies&rft.au=Hunter%2C+William+J%3BKuykendall%2C+LDavid&rft.aulast=Hunter&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=145&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+Microbiology&rft.issn=03438651&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00284-004-4418-0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aquifers; Oil; Selenium; Vegetables; Ground water; Microbial activity; selenite; Effluents; Soybeans; Groundwater pollution; Groundwater; soybeans; Water Pollution Treatment; Laboratories; Substrates; Groundwater Pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00284-004-4418-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Conditional immune-gene suppression of honeybees parasitized by Varroa mites AN - 19828303; 6236346 AB - The ectoparasitic mite, Varroa destructor, is the most destructive parasite of managed honeybee colonies worldwide. Since V. destructor transfers pathogens to honeybees, it may be adaptive for bees to respond to mite infestation by upregulating their immune responses. Mites, however, may overcome the host's immune responses by suppressing them, which could facilitate the mite's ability to feed on hemolymph. A humoral immune response of bees parasitized by V. destructor may be detected by studying the expression levels of antibacterial peptides, such as abaecin and defensin, known to be immune-responsive. Expression levels for these two antibacterial peptides changed non-linearly with respect to the number of mites parasitizing honeybee pupae. Bees exposed to low or moderate number of mites had fewer immune-related transcripts than pupae that were never parasitized or pupae with high mite loads. Although many of the pupae tested indicated the presence of bacteria, no correlation with mite numbers or immune-response levels existed. All bees tested negative for acute paralysis and Kashmir bee viruses known to be vectored by V. destructor. JF - Journal of Insect Science (Tucson) AU - Gregory, P G AU - Evans, J D AU - Rinderer, T AU - de Guzman, L AD - USDA-ARS Honeybee Research Unit, 2413 E. HWY 83, Weslaco, Texas 78596, USA, pgregory@WESLACO.ARS.USDA.GOV Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 1 EP - 5 PB - University of Arizona Library VL - 5 IS - 7 SN - 1536-2442, 1536-2442 KW - Acari KW - Honey bee KW - Honeybee mite KW - Genetics Abstracts; Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - Hemolymph KW - Parasites KW - Apis mellifera KW - Pathogens KW - Varroa destructor KW - Paralysis KW - Colonies KW - Defensins KW - Infestation KW - Immune response KW - Immune response (humoral) KW - ectoparasites KW - V 22350:Immunology KW - Z 05201:Parasitism: entomophagous KW - D 04659:Insects KW - G 07770:Bacteria UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19828303?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Insect+Science+%28Tucson%29&rft.atitle=Conditional+immune-gene+suppression+of+honeybees+parasitized+by+Varroa+mites&rft.au=Gregory%2C+P+G%3BEvans%2C+J+D%3BRinderer%2C+T%3Bde+Guzman%2C+L&rft.aulast=Gregory&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Insect+Science+%28Tucson%29&rft.issn=15362442&rft_id=info:doi/10.1043%2F1536-2442%282005%290052.0.CO%3B2 L2 - http://journals.allenpress.com/jrnlserv/?request=get-abstract&issn=1536-2442&volume=5&page=1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Paralysis; Parasites; Hemolymph; Infestation; Defensins; Colonies; Immune response; Pathogens; Immune response (humoral); ectoparasites; Apis mellifera; Varroa destructor DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1043/1536-2442(2005)005[0001:CISOHP]2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rapid Genetic Characterization of Poly(hydroxyalkanoate) Synthase and Its Applications AN - 19825854; 6655010 AB - Microorganisms containing short-chain-length (scl) or medium-chain-length (mcl) poly(hydroxyalkanoates) (PHAs) are commonly screened by applying rapid staining methods using lipophilic reagents. These methods provide powerful means for general screening of organisms actively producing and accumulating PHAs. The Southern blot hybridization method additionally allows the identification of potential PHA-producing microorganisms. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based detection methods further afford rapid and sensitive means to screen for PHA biosynthesis genes. Specific PCR assays had been developed for the simultaneous or individual detection of the class II mcl-PHA synthase genes of Pseudomonas. The amplicons ( similar to 0.54 kb) can be directly sequenced or used as probes for hybridization studies. The sequence information can further be used to initiate chromosome walking for an eventual cloning of the complete PHA biosynthesis operon. In addition, the amplification pattern and sequence data can be used to differentiate subgroups of organisms, as demonstrated for P. corrugata and P. mediterranea. Other researchers reported PCR methods for the detection of scl-PHA synthase genes and those of Bacillus spp., thus greatly expanding the types of PHA synthase gene and the organisms that can be characterized by this approach. The vast sequence information obtainable through PCR based studies of various PHA synthase operons should facilitate the identification or construction of new PHA synthases capable of synthesizing novel PHAs. JF - Biomacromolecules AU - Solaiman, DKY AU - Ashby, R D AD - United States Department of Agriculture, ARS, ERRC. 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, Pennsylvania 19038, USA Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 532 EP - 537 VL - 6 IS - 2 SN - 1525-7797, 1525-7797 KW - Polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Southern blotting KW - Data processing KW - DNA probes KW - Probes KW - Pseudomonas KW - Lipophilic KW - Chromosomes KW - Microorganisms KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Operons KW - Bacillus KW - Gene mapping KW - J 02310:Genetics & Taxonomy KW - W4 330:Biopolymers & Food Biotechnology KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - G 07770:Bacteria KW - A 01300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19825854?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biomacromolecules&rft.atitle=Rapid+Genetic+Characterization+of+Poly%28hydroxyalkanoate%29+Synthase+and+Its+Applications&rft.au=Solaiman%2C+DKY%3BAshby%2C+R+D&rft.aulast=Solaiman&rft.aufirst=DKY&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=532&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biomacromolecules&rft.issn=15257797&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fbm0493640 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Southern blotting; Chromosomes; Data processing; DNA probes; Probes; Microorganisms; Polymerase chain reaction; Operons; Lipophilic; Gene mapping; Pseudomonas; Bacillus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bm0493640 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Self-Propelled, Constant-Speed Spray Vaccinator for Commercial Layer Chickens AN - 19821895; 6179952 AB - Vaccination of commercial layer chickens is labor intensive and often results in poor rates of seroconversion, which, in turn, generally correlate with decreased flock uniformity and performance. Attempts to improve the vaccination process include numerous variations of individual shop-built vaccinators in use by the layer sector of the poultry industry. Each of these vaccinators has limitations that contribute to poor vaccinations. Major problems include the nonuniform speed of the applicator system and pressure fluctuations at the spray nozzles, which contribute to sporadic dispersion of the vaccine as the vaccinator is pushed or carried past the cages. A battery-powered, self-propelled, constant-speed vaccinator was designed and constructed that operates with constant nozzle pressure. In field use, this vaccinator has resulted in both labor savings (reduction of manpower from five to one to vaccinate 75,000 chickens) and time savings (from 45 min to 7.5 min/poultry house) as well as improved vaccination results (higher positive seroconversion rates) against the poultry pathogen Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG), a bacterium associated with losses of 15.7 eggs /hen over a 45-wk laying period in MG-infected layers as compared with layers maintained free from infection with MG.Nota de Investigacion-Dispositivo de vacunacion por aerosol de propulsion autonoma y velocidad constante para ser empleado en explotaciones de ponedoras comerciales.La vacunacion de ponedoras comerciales es una labor intensiva que resulta con frecuencia en indices pobres de conversion serologica, la cual a su vez, se correlaciona generalmente con una disminucion de la uniformidad y el desempeno del lote. Diferentes intentos para mejorar los procesos de vacunacion incluyen numerosas variaciones de dispositivos de vacunacion construidos actualmente y en uso por el sector avicola de ponedoras comerciales. Cada uno de estos dispositivos posee limitantes que contribuyen a una pobre vacunacion. Los problemas principales incluyen la velocidad desuniforme del sistema de aplicacion y fluctuaciones en la presion de las boquillas de aspersion que contribuyen a una dispersion esporadica de la vacuna a medida que el dispositivo de vacunacion es desplazado a traves de las jaulas. Se diseno y construyo un dispositivo de vacunacion activado mediante bateria, de propulsion autonoma y velocidad constante que opera con una presion constante a nivel de las boquillas. En el campo, este dispositivo de vacunacion ha logrado una reduccion de los costos de operacion (reduccion en mano de obra de cinco a una persona para vacunar 75,000 ponedoras comerciales), ahorro de tiempo (de 45 minutos a 7.5 minutos por galpon) y mejores resultados de vacunacion (incremento en los indices positivos de conversion serologica) contra el patogeno aviar Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG), bacteria asociada con perdidas de 15.7 huevos por ponedora en un periodo de 45 semanas en ponedoras comerciales infectadas en comparacion con ponedoras comerciales libres de la infeccion con MG.Abbreviations: MG = Mycoplasma gallisepticum JF - Avian Diseases AU - Branton, S L AU - Roush, W B AU - Lott, B D AU - Evans, J D AU - Dozier, WA AU - Collier, S D AU - Bearson, SMD AU - Bearson, B L AU - Pharr, G T AD - USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Poultry Research Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 147 EP - 151 PB - American Association of Avian Pathologists VL - 49 IS - 1 SN - 0005-2086, 0005-2086 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Houses KW - Aerosols KW - Poultry KW - Seroconversion KW - Vaccines KW - Pathogens KW - Infection KW - Pressure KW - Vaccination KW - Mycoplasma gallisepticum KW - Eggs KW - J 02350:Immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19821895?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Avian+Diseases&rft.atitle=A+Self-Propelled%2C+Constant-Speed+Spray+Vaccinator+for+Commercial+Layer+Chickens&rft.au=Branton%2C+S+L%3BRoush%2C+W+B%3BLott%2C+B+D%3BEvans%2C+J+D%3BDozier%2C+WA%3BCollier%2C+S+D%3BBearson%2C+SMD%3BBearson%2C+B+L%3BPharr%2C+G+T&rft.aulast=Branton&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=147&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Avian+Diseases&rft.issn=00052086&rft_id=info:doi/10.1043%2F0005-2086%282005%29492.0.CO%3B2 L2 - http://journals.allenpress.com/jrnlserv/?request=get-abstract&issn=0005-2086&volume=49&page=147 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mycoplasma gallisepticum; Vaccination; Poultry; Pressure; Seroconversion; Aerosols; Pathogens; Vaccines; Eggs; Infection; Houses DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1043/0005-2086(2005)49<147:ASCSVF>2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cattle Feedlot Soil Moisture and Manure Content -- II. Impact on Escherichia coli O157 AN - 19771696; 6495109 AB - The moisture and manure contents of soils at cattle feedlot surfaces vary spatiotemporally and likely are important factors in the persistence of Escherichia coli O157 in these soils. The impacts of water content (0.11- 1.50 g H sub(2)O g super(-1) dry feedlot surface material [FSM]) and manure level (5, 25, and 75% dry manure in dry FSM) on E. coli O157:H7 in feedlot soils were evaluated. Generally, E. coli O157:H7 numbers either persisted or increased at all but the lowest moisture levels examined. Manure content modulated the effect of water on E. coli growth; for example, at water content of 0.43 g H sub(2)O g super(-1) dry FSM and 25% manure, E. coli O157:H7 increased by 2 log sub(10) colony forming units (CFU) g super(-1) dry FSM in 3 d, while at 0.43 g H sub(2)O g super(-1) dry FSM and 75% manure, populations remained stable over 14 d. Escherichia coli and coliform populations responded similarly. In a second study, the impacts of cycling moisture levels and different drying rates on naturally occurring E. coli O157 in feedlot soils were examined. Low initial levels of E. coli O157 were reduced to below enumerable levels by 21 d, but indigenous E. coli populations persisted at >2.50 log sub(10) CFU g super(-1) dry FSM up to 133 d. We conclude that E. coli O157 can persist and may even grow in feedlot soils, over a wide range of water and manure contents. Further investigations are needed to determine if these variables can be manipulated to reduce this pathogen in cattle and the feedlot environment. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Berry, Elaine D AU - Miller, Daniel N AD - USDA-ARS, U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, P.O. Box 166, Clay Center, NE 68933-0166, berry@email.marc.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 656 EP - 663 PB - American Society of Agronomy Inc., 677 S. Segoe Road Madison WI 53711 USA, [mailto:lhendrickson@agronomy.org] VL - 34 IS - 2 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Pollution Abstracts KW - Coliforms KW - Animal wastes KW - Manure KW - Drying KW - Pathogens KW - Water content KW - Colonies KW - Colony-forming cells KW - Pollutant persistence KW - Escherichia coli KW - Environmental quality KW - Soil moisture KW - J 02410:Animal Diseases KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19771696?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Cattle+Feedlot+Soil+Moisture+and+Manure+Content+--+II.+Impact+on+Escherichia+coli+O157&rft.au=Berry%2C+Elaine+D%3BMiller%2C+Daniel+N&rft.aulast=Berry&rft.aufirst=Elaine&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=656&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Coliforms; Colonies; Manure; Colony-forming cells; Environmental quality; Drying; Pathogens; Soil moisture; Water content; Animal wastes; Pollutant persistence; Escherichia coli ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of glutamine and spray-dried plasma on growth performance, small intestinal morphology, and immune responses of Escherichia coli K88 super(+)-challenged weaned pigs AN - 19767162; 6164905 AB - Forty weaned barrows (5.32 +/-0.3 kg BW) at 17 +/-2 d of age were used to investigate the effects of feeding glutamine and spray-dried plasma on the growth performance, small intestinal morphology, and immune responses of Escherichia coli K88 super(+)-challenged pigs. Pigs were allotted to four treatments including: 1) nonchallenged control (NONC); 2) challenged control (CHAC); 3) 7% (as-fed basis) spray-dried plasma (SDP); and 4) 2% (as-fed basis) glutamine (GLN). On d 11 after weaning, all pigs were fitted with an indwelling jugular catheter. On d 12 after weaning, pigs in the CHAC, SDP, and GLN groups were orally challenged with skim milk E. coli K88 super(+) culture, whereas pigs in the NONC group were orally inoculated with sterilized skim milk. Rectal temperatures and fecal diarrheic scores were recorded and blood samples collected at 0 (baseline), 6, 12, 24, 36, and 48 h after the challenge for serum hormone and cytokine measurements. At 48 h postchallenge, all pigs were killed for evaluation of small intestinal morphology. There was no effect of feeding SDP or GLN on growth performance during the 11-d prechallenge period (P = 0.13). At 48 h after the challenge, CHAC pigs had decreased ADG (P = 0.08) and G:F (P = 0.07) compared with the NONC pigs; however, SDP and NONC pigs did not differ in G:F, and GLN and NONC pigs did not differ for ADG and G:F. At 6, 36, and 48 h after the challenge, CHAC, SDP, and GLN pigs had increased rectal temperature relative to the baseline (P = 0.09). At 12 and 36 h after the challenge, CHAC pigs had the highest incidence of diarrhea among treatments (P = 0.08). Serum IL-6 and ACTH were not affected by treatment or time after E. coli challenge (P = 0.11). In proximal, midjejunum, and ileum, CHAC pigs had greater villous atrophy and intestinal morphology disruption than NONC pigs (P < 0.01), whereas SDP and GLN pigs had mitigated villous atrophy and intestinal morphology impairment after E. coli challenge. Pigs in the SDP had the lowest GH at 12 h and the greatest GH at 36 h after the challenge among treatments (P = 0.08). Pigs in the NONC had the highest IGF-1 at 12 and 36 h postchallenge (P < 0.04). These results indicate that feeding glutamine has beneficial effects in alleviating growth depression of E. coli K88 super(+)-challenged pigs, mainly via maintaining intestinal morphology and function, and/or possibly via modulating the somatotrophic axis. JF - Journal of Animal Science AU - Yi, G F AU - Carroll, JA AU - Allee, G L AU - Gaines, A M AU - Kendall, D C AU - Usry, J L AU - Toride, Y AU - Izuru, S AD - Department of Animal Science, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211. Livestock Issues Research Unit, ARS-USDA, Lubbock, TX Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 634 EP - 643 PB - American Society of Animal Science VL - 83 IS - 3 SN - 0021-8812, 0021-8812 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Immunology Abstracts KW - Growth rate KW - Temperature effects KW - Interleukin 6 KW - Insulin-like growth factor I KW - Feeding KW - Growth hormone KW - Glutamine KW - Age KW - Diarrhea KW - Weaning KW - Skim milk KW - Ileum KW - Hormones KW - Adrenocorticotropic hormone KW - Escherichia coli KW - Intestine KW - Catheters KW - Cytokines KW - Atrophy KW - J 02350:Immunology KW - F 06910:Microorganisms & Parasites UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19767162?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Animal+Science&rft.atitle=Effect+of+glutamine+and+spray-dried+plasma+on+growth+performance%2C+small+intestinal+morphology%2C+and+immune+responses+of+Escherichia+coli+K88+super%28%2B%29-challenged+weaned+pigs&rft.au=Yi%2C+G+F%3BCarroll%2C+JA%3BAllee%2C+G+L%3BGaines%2C+A+M%3BKendall%2C+D+C%3BUsry%2C+J+L%3BToride%2C+Y%3BIzuru%2C+S&rft.aulast=Yi&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=634&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Animal+Science&rft.issn=00218812&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Interleukin 6; Temperature effects; Growth rate; Feeding; Insulin-like growth factor I; Age; Glutamine; Growth hormone; Diarrhea; Weaning; Skim milk; Ileum; Adrenocorticotropic hormone; Hormones; Catheters; Intestine; Cytokines; Atrophy; Escherichia coli ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Crop Sequencing to Improve Use of Precipitation and Synergize Crop Growth AN - 19672352; 6536731 AB - Cropping systems will not be sustainable without change. Broad-scope problems associated with developing sustainable cropping systems are how to choose and sequence crops in cropping systems. Our objectives were twofold: (i) evaluate impacts of crop sequencing on precipitation use and (ii) show how crop sequencing can accentuate synergistic interactions among crops. Crop-fallow systems that developed in the Great Plains resulted in precipitation storage efficiencies of about 20% in the early 1930s to about 40% in the late 1980s. Integrated crop-livestock systems have been developed in the southern Great Plains to take advantage of bimodal annual precipitation pattern to produce high quality pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] forage during the noncrop period between winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) harvest and seeding. Pigeonpea can be grown after a mid-June winter wheat harvest since pigeonpea uses precipitation received from wheat harvest to late September and pigeonpea has a root system that allows it to use soil water below the effective rooting depth of wheat. In the central Great Plains, water-use efficiency of winter wheat was improved 18 to 56% by including broadleaf crop in a grass-based rotation. Cropping systems in the northern Great Plains tend to be more diverse, and research at Mandan, ND, suggests that seed yield of flax (Linum usitatissium L.) can be tripled with a safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.)- flax crop sequence vs. a flax-flax crop sequence. Great Plains cropping systems of the future will not only need to take advantage of crop sequences through synergism, but also take advantage of the interactions associated with diversity in space (polyculture). JF - Agronomy Journal AU - Tanaka, D L AU - Anderson, R L AU - Rao, S C AD - USDA-ARS, Northern Great Plains Res. Lab., P.O. Box 459, Mandan, ND 58554, tanakad@mandan.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 385 EP - 390 VL - 97 IS - 2 SN - 0002-1962, 0002-1962 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water Use Efficiency KW - Roots KW - Sustainable development KW - Crops KW - Forages KW - Crop Yield KW - Soil KW - Triticum aestivum KW - Growth KW - plains KW - Agronomy KW - wheat KW - Seeds KW - Synergism KW - Cajanus cajan KW - Precipitation KW - Carthamus tinctorius KW - Linum KW - agronomy KW - Storage KW - winter KW - forage KW - Annual precipitation KW - Wheat KW - Soil moisture KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - SW 0815:Precipitation KW - M2 556.14:Infiltration/Soil Moisture (556.14) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19672352?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agronomy+Journal&rft.atitle=Crop+Sequencing+to+Improve+Use+of+Precipitation+and+Synergize+Crop+Growth&rft.au=Tanaka%2C+D+L%3BAnderson%2C+R+L%3BRao%2C+S+C&rft.aulast=Tanaka&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=97&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=385&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agronomy+Journal&rft.issn=00021962&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Annual precipitation; Precipitation; Soil moisture; Storage; Soil; wheat; Growth; Synergism; winter; forage; Sustainable development; plains; Crops; agronomy; Agronomy; Seeds; Water Use Efficiency; Roots; Wheat; Crop Yield; Forages; Triticum aestivum; Cajanus cajan; Linum; Carthamus tinctorius ER - TY - JOUR T1 - PARTIAL MORPHOLOGICAL AND FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERIZATION OF THE CORPUS ALLATUM-CORPUS CARDIACUM COMPLEX FROM THE TWO-SPOTTED STINKBUG, PERILLUS BIOCULATUS (HEMIPTERA: PENTATOMIDAE) AN - 19341831; 8696379 AB - Selected morphological and physiological properties of the corpus allatum (CA)-corpus cardiacum (CC) complex from the two-spotted stinkbug, Perillus bioculatus (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), were studied. The CAs play an important role in insect physiology because of their production of the juvenile hormones (JHs), i.e., key hormones involved in development and reproduction. We found that the P. bioculatus CA-CC complex is present in two distinct morphological forms, the more frequently observed complex containing one 'fused' CA between two CCs and the more rarely observed complex having one CA laterally attached to each CC. These complexes were tested for their ability to synthesize JH-like compounds. We found that the primary lipophilic compound synthesized by the CA-CCs migrated differently from JH III (a JH found in numerous insect species) when subjected to thin-layer chromatography. Furthermore, the synthesis of this compound is stimulated by 2E,6E-farnesol, a known precursor for JH III. These data indicate that the P. bioculatus CA- CC product has chemical properties similar to that of other (as of yet unidentified) hemipteran JHs. In addition, we found that the synthesis of this product is sensitive to pH and buffer type; minimally or not affected by the absence of the CC; expressed at similar levels in days 5-30 postemergent adults; and inhibited or decreased in adults reared under low temperature-short day conditions. JF - In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Animal AU - Goodman, Cynthia L AU - Wagner, Rene M AU - NABLI, HENDA AU - WRIGHT-OSMENT, MAUREEN K AU - Okuda, Takashi AU - Coudron, Thomas A AD - Biological Control of Insects Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Columbia, Missouri 65203-3535 (C. L. G., R. M. W., M. K. W.-O., T. A. C.), Department of Entomology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211 (H. N.), and Department of Insect Physiology and Behavior, National Institute of Sericultural and Entomological Science, Ohwashi, Tsukuba, Ibarki 305, Japan (T. O.), goodmanc@missouri.edu Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 71 EP - 76 PB - Allen Press, Inc., 810 East Tenth St. VL - 41 IS - 3 SN - 1071-2690, 1071-2690 KW - Entomology Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - juvenile hormone KW - Colorado potato beetle KW - thin layer chromatography KW - Heteroptera KW - farnesol KW - diapause KW - Perillus bioculatus KW - Juvenile hormones KW - Data processing KW - Pentatomidae KW - Hormones KW - Lipophilic KW - Hemiptera KW - Solanum tuberosum KW - Reproduction KW - Thin-layer chromatography KW - Diapause KW - pH effects KW - W 30925:Genetic Engineering KW - Z 05330:Reproduction and Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19341831?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=In+Vitro+Cellular+%26+Developmental+Biology+-+Animal&rft.atitle=PARTIAL+MORPHOLOGICAL+AND+FUNCTIONAL+CHARACTERIZATION+OF+THE+CORPUS+ALLATUM-CORPUS+CARDIACUM+COMPLEX+FROM+THE+TWO-SPOTTED+STINKBUG%2C+PERILLUS+BIOCULATUS+%28HEMIPTERA%3A+PENTATOMIDAE%29&rft.au=Goodman%2C+Cynthia+L%3BWagner%2C+Rene+M%3BNABLI%2C+HENDA%3BWRIGHT-OSMENT%2C+MAUREEN+K%3BOkuda%2C+Takashi%3BCoudron%2C+Thomas+A&rft.aulast=Goodman&rft.aufirst=Cynthia&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=71&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=In+Vitro+Cellular+%26+Developmental+Biology+-+Animal&rft.issn=10712690&rft_id=info:doi/10.1290%2F04070511.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Juvenile hormones; Data processing; Reproduction; Thin-layer chromatography; Diapause; Hormones; pH effects; Lipophilic; Perillus bioculatus; Solanum tuberosum; Pentatomidae; Hemiptera DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1290/04070511.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of Food-Grade Dent Corn Hybrids for Severity of Fusarium Ear Rot and Fumonisin Accumulation in Grain AN - 17868088; 6248860 AB - Fumonisins produced by Fusarium verticillioides (syn = F. moniliforme) and F. proliferatum have been associated with potentially serious toxicoses of animals and humans. Thus, hybrids with low fumonisin accumulation in grain will be valuable for the production of corn-based human food products. We evaluated 68 food-grade dent corn hybrids for severity of Fusarium ear rot and fumonisin accumulation in grain in inoculated trials in Urbana, IL in 2000 and 2001. Our inoculation technique was successful in initiating fumonisin accumulation that allowed discrimination among hybrids. We identified several hybrids that could have acceptable levels (<4 mu g/g) of fumonisin accumulation in Illinois in most years. Twenty-six hybrids with low or high fumonisin accumulation in 2000 were reevaluated in noninoculated trials at three locations in Illinois in 2001. Fumonisin concentration in grain at all three locations was relatively low; thus, separation of hybrids was poor. At two locations, those hybrids with the highest fumonisin concentration in grain also had high concentrations following inoculation. However, one hybrid that had relatively low fumonisin concentration following inoculation had unacceptable levels of fumonisin (5 mu g/g) in natural conditions. Therefore, hybrids need to be evaluated by inoculation and further evaluated at locations where the environment favors fumonisin accumulation. JF - Plant Disease AU - Kleinschmidt, CE AU - Clements, MJ AU - Maragos, C M AU - Pataky, J K AU - White, D G AD - USDA-ARS Corn Host Plant Resistance Research Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA, donwhite@uiuc.edu Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 291 EP - 297 VL - 89 IS - 3 SN - 0191-2917, 0191-2917 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Fusarium moniliforme KW - Fumonisins KW - Ear rot KW - Hybrids KW - Fusarium proliferatum KW - Grain KW - Inoculation KW - Fusarium verticillioides KW - A 01022:Mycotoxins UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17868088?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Disease&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+Food-Grade+Dent+Corn+Hybrids+for+Severity+of+Fusarium+Ear+Rot+and+Fumonisin+Accumulation+in+Grain&rft.au=Kleinschmidt%2C+CE%3BClements%2C+MJ%3BMaragos%2C+C+M%3BPataky%2C+J+K%3BWhite%2C+D+G&rft.aulast=Kleinschmidt&rft.aufirst=CE&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=89&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=291&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Disease&rft.issn=01912917&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPD-89-0291 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fumonisins; Ear rot; Hybrids; Inoculation; Grain; Fusarium moniliforme; Fusarium proliferatum; Fusarium verticillioides DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PD-89-0291 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pathogen profile: Stem rust of small grains and grasses caused by Puccinia graminis AN - 17846452; 6231305 AB - Stem rust has been a serious disease of wheat, barley, oat and rye, as well as various important grasses including timothy, tall fescue and perennial ryegrass. The stem rust fungus, Puccinia graminis, is functionally an obligate biotroph. Although the fungus can be cultured with difficulty on artificial media, cultures grow slowly and upon subculturing they develop abnormal ploidy levels and lose their ability to infect host plants [) Can. J. Bot. 60, 1827-1836]. P. graminis is a typical heteroecious rust fungus with the full complement of five distinct spore stages that occur during asexual reproduction on its gramineous hosts and sexual reproduction that begins in the resting spore stage and culminates on the alternate host, barberry (Berberis spp.). There appears to be little polymorphism for resistance/susceptibility in Berberis species, but complex polymorphisms of resistance/susceptibility and matching virulence /avirulence exist in gene-for-gene relationships between small grain species and the forms of P. graminis that infect them. Taxonomy:Puccinia graminis is a rust fungus in the phylum Basidiomycota, class Urediniomycetes, order Uredinales, and family Pucciniaceae, which contains 17 genera and approximately 4121 species, of which the majority are in the genus Puccinia[) Ainsworth and Bisby's Dictionary of the Fungi. Wallingford, UK: CAB International]. Various subdivisions of P. graminis into subspecies, varieties and formae speciales have been proposed based on spore size and host range. Crossing studies and DNA sequence comparisons support the separation of at least two subspecies, but not the proposed separation based on spore size. Host range:The host range of P. graminis is very broad compared with that of most Puccinia spp.; it includes at least 365 species of cereals and grasses in 54 genera [) The Cereal Rusts. Orlando, FL: Academic Press, pp. 115-130]. Wheat stem rust, P. graminis f. sp. tritici, was shown to infect 74 species in 34 genera in artificial inoculations of seedlings, but only 28 of those species belonging to eight genera were known to be natural hosts of the fungus. Other formae speciales of P. graminis have narrower host ranges than P. graminis f. sp. tritici. Disease symptoms:Infections in cereals or grasses occur mainly on stems and leaf sheaths, but occasionally they may be found on leaf blades and glumes as well. The first macroscopic symptom is usually a small chlorotic fleck, which appears a few days after infection. About 8-10 days after infection, a pustule several millimetres long and a few millimetres wide is formed by rupture of the host epidermis from pressure of a mass of brick-red urediniospores produced in the infection. These uredinial pustules are generally linear or diamond shaped and may enlarge up to 10 mm long. The powdery masses of urediniospores appear similar to rust spots on a weathered iron surface. With age, the infection ceases production of brick-red urediniospores and produces a layer of black teliospores in their place, causing the stems of heavily infected plants to appear blackened late in the season. JF - Molecular Plant Pathology AU - Leonard, Kurt J AU - Szabo, Les J AD - Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota and United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Cereal Disease Laboratory, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA, kurtl@umn.edu Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 99 EP - 111 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ UK, [URL:http://www.blackwellpublishing.com] VL - 6 IS - 2 SN - 1464-6722, 1464-6722 KW - Wheat KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Host range KW - Berberis KW - Stem rust KW - Grasses KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Gene polymorphism KW - Ploidy KW - Leaves KW - Urediniospores KW - Sexual reproduction KW - Sheaths KW - Disease resistance KW - Susceptibility KW - Puccinia graminis KW - Uredinales KW - Triticum aestivum KW - Cereals KW - Inoculation KW - Grain KW - Pucciniaceae KW - Pressure KW - Spores KW - Iron KW - A 01026:Gramineous crops UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17846452?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Plant+Pathology&rft.atitle=Pathogen+profile%3A+Stem+rust+of+small+grains+and+grasses+caused+by+Puccinia+graminis&rft.au=Leonard%2C+Kurt+J%3BSzabo%2C+Les+J&rft.aulast=Leonard&rft.aufirst=Kurt&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=99&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+Plant+Pathology&rft.issn=14646722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1364-3703.2005.00273.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Figures, 4; tables, 1; references, 83. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Triticum aestivum; Berberis; Puccinia graminis; Uredinales; Pucciniaceae; Stem rust; Grasses; Disease resistance; Susceptibility; Spores; Cereals; Urediniospores; Leaves; Gene polymorphism; Grain; Host range; Inoculation; Sexual reproduction; Nucleotide sequence; Sheaths; Iron; Ploidy; Pressure DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1364-3703.2005.00273.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Response of Tall Fescue Genotypes to a New Strain of Brome mosaic virus AN - 17845986; 6248850 AB - Brome mosaic virus (BMV) infects many different species within the Poaceae family. A new strain of BMV, named F-BMV, was identified in a tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) plant. Here, we report the identification and characterization of tall fescue plants resistant to F-BMV, and the effects of F-BMV infection on their growth and development. Susceptible plants infected with F-BMV produced 40% fewer tillers and 42% less dry matter compared with virus-resistant plants in a greenhouse study. In the field, susceptible plants infected with F-BMV produced 25% fewer tillers, 36% less dry matter, 10% less plant height, and 40% lower seed yield compared with virus-resistant plants. In a field evaluation of a tall fescue mapping population, the virus symptom scores were negatively correlated with production of dry matter (r = -0.55), plant height (r = -0.55), and seed yield (r = -0.33). Thus, F-BMV has the potential to cause significant economic damage to susceptible tall fescue plants. These results indicate that the virus can present a serious challenge for long-term maintenance of valuable plant materials. A survey of tall fescue plants from Arkansas, Oklahoma, and Oregon indicated that the prevalence F-BMV in the field was very low. JF - Plant Disease AU - Mian, MAR AU - Zwonitzer, J C AU - Hopkins, A A AU - Ding, X S AU - Nelson, R S AD - United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, USA, mian.3@osu.edu Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 224 EP - 227 VL - 89 IS - 3 SN - 0191-2917, 0191-2917 KW - Grasses KW - Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Festuca arundinacea KW - Seeds KW - Plant diseases KW - Tillers KW - Genotypes KW - Infection KW - Greenhouses KW - Poaceae KW - Economics KW - Dry matter KW - Mapping KW - Plant viruses KW - Brome mosaic virus KW - A 01028:Others KW - V 22182:Susceptibility & virus multiplication UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17845986?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Disease&rft.atitle=Response+of+Tall+Fescue+Genotypes+to+a+New+Strain+of+Brome+mosaic+virus&rft.au=Mian%2C+MAR%3BZwonitzer%2C+J+C%3BHopkins%2C+A+A%3BDing%2C+X+S%3BNelson%2C+R+S&rft.aulast=Mian&rft.aufirst=MAR&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=89&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=224&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Disease&rft.issn=01912917&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPD-89-0224 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Plant diseases; Seeds; Economics; Dry matter; Genotypes; Mapping; Tillers; Infection; Plant viruses; Greenhouses; Festuca arundinacea; Poaceae; Brome mosaic virus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PD-89-0224 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of Phosphonate and Mefenoxam Treatments on Development of Perennial Cankers Caused by Two Phytophthora spp. on Almond AN - 17845711; 6248853 AB - Orchard experiments were conducted to evaluate chemical treatments for management of perennial cankers caused by Phytophthora cactorum and P. citricola on almond (Prunus dulcis) in the San Joaquin Valley of California. Single preventive foliar sprays with phosphonate were tested by wounding and inoculating tree trunks and branches with either pathogen at time intervals from 15 days to 5 months after spraying. One to 3 months after inoculation, resulting cankers were measured. Preventive foliar sprays with phosphonate in the fall or spring suppressed development of cankers for up to 5 months after treatment; mean canker lengths on the trees sprayed with phosphonate before inoculation were 22 to 98% smaller than those on trees that received no phosphonate. In subsequent tests, preventive chemigation with phosphonate in spring or summer also inhibited canker expansion. A curative topical treatment with either fosetyl-Al or mefenoxam on cankers caused by P. cactorum or P. citricola reduced canker expansion by 36 to 88%. Neither preventive nor therapeutic treatments eradicated the pathogens from the diseased tissues, but disease ratings made 1 year after the treatments indicated extended disease suppression. Phosphonate and mefenoxam treatments can effectively manage almond scion cankers caused by P. cactorum or P. citricola. JF - Plant Disease AU - Browne, G T AU - Viveros, MA AD - USDA-ARS, Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis 95616, USA, gtbrowne@ucdavis.edu Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 241 EP - 249 VL - 89 IS - 3 SN - 0191-2917, 0191-2917 KW - almond KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Canker KW - Scions KW - Plant diseases KW - Phytophthora cactorum KW - Prunus dulcis KW - Phytophthora citricola KW - Trees KW - Pathogens KW - Spraying KW - Orchards KW - mefenoxam KW - phosphonates KW - Branches KW - Inoculation KW - USA, California KW - Wounding KW - A 01027:Fruit trees UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17845711?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Disease&rft.atitle=Effects+of+Phosphonate+and+Mefenoxam+Treatments+on+Development+of+Perennial+Cankers+Caused+by+Two+Phytophthora+spp.+on+Almond&rft.au=Browne%2C+G+T%3BViveros%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Browne&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=89&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=241&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Disease&rft.issn=01912917&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPD-89-0241 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Canker; Scions; mefenoxam; Plant diseases; phosphonates; Branches; Trees; Inoculation; Pathogens; Spraying; Orchards; Wounding; Prunus dulcis; Phytophthora cactorum; Phytophthora citricola; USA, California DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PD-89-0241 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - First Report of Pythium Root Rot of Rau Ram (Polygonum odoratum) AN - 17845710; 6248877 AB - Polygonum odoratum (= Persicaria odorata), known as rau ram or sang hum, is native to southeastern Asia and is a common herb in Vietnamese cuisine. It has been studied most extensively for its aromatic compound content. In Florida, rau ram commonly is grown hydroponically in greenhouses using large, cement beds with recirculated water. The plants form dense mats from which new growth is trimmed for market. During January of 2002, a severe dieback was observed in one production house in Saint Lucie County, FL. Plants with less severe symptoms were yellowed and stunted. Roots of symptomatic plants were largely decayed with root symptoms beginning as a tip necrosis. The cortex of severely affected roots slipped off easily, leaving a stringy vascular system. Plating of symptomatic tissue from 20 randomly selected plant samples was performed with multiple general and selective media including potato dextrose agar, corn meal agar with pimaricin, ampicillin, rifampicin, and pentachloronitrobenzene (PARP). All colonies produced were identified as Pythium helicoides Drechsler on the basis of sporangial, oogonial, and antheridial characteristics. Isolates had proliferous, obovoid, papillate sporangia, and were homothallic with smooth-walled oogonia and thick-walled, aplerotic oospores. Multiple antheridial attachments per oogonium were common with the antheridium attached along its entire length. Pathogenicity tests were conducted using P. odoratum plants grown from commercial transplants. Two tests were performed. Each test was conducted using eight inoculated and eight control plants. In the first test, plants were maintained in 10-cm pots immersed in sterilized pond water for the duration of the test. Plants were inoculated with five 7- x 70-mm sections of freshly growing mycelial culture per plant using 10-day-old cultures of Pythium helicoides grown on water agar. Chlorosis was observed at approximately 2 months after inoculation. Root necrosis was observed in inoculated plants approximately 5 months after inoculation. This test was performed in the greenhouse with temperatures ranging from 20 to 30 degree C. The second test was performed in growth chambers at 35 to 40 degree C. Plants were maintained in 10-cm pots immersed in Hoagland's solution and were inoculated with four 6-mm plugs per plant. Symptoms were observed on inoculated plants at this temperature within 1 week of inoculation. No chlorosis or root decay was observed in noninoculated, immersed plants. The pathogen was reisolated from inoculated, symptomatic tissue. To our knowledge, this is the first report of root rot of P. odoratum caused by Pythium helicoides. JF - Plant Disease AU - Rosskopf, EN AU - Yandoc, C B AU - Stange, B AU - Lamb, E M AU - Mitchell, D J AD - USDA, ARS, USHRL, Fort Pierce, FL, USA Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 340 VL - 89 IS - 3 SN - 0191-2917, 0191-2917 KW - Potato KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Temperature effects KW - Oospores KW - Houses KW - Chlorosis KW - Dieback KW - Polygonum KW - Roots KW - Pythium KW - Mycelia KW - Media (selective) KW - Ponds KW - Root rot KW - Greenhouses KW - Rifampin KW - Necrosis KW - Cortex KW - Aromatic compounds KW - Pathogenicity KW - Solanum tuberosum KW - Inoculation KW - Decay KW - Herbs KW - A 01028:Others KW - K 03089:Fungi: plant UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17845710?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Disease&rft.atitle=First+Report+of+Pythium+Root+Rot+of+Rau+Ram+%28Polygonum+odoratum%29&rft.au=Rosskopf%2C+EN%3BYandoc%2C+C+B%3BStange%2C+B%3BLamb%2C+E+M%3BMitchell%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Rosskopf&rft.aufirst=EN&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=89&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=340&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Disease&rft.issn=01912917&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPD-89-0340A LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Oospores; Chlorosis; Houses; Dieback; Roots; Mycelia; Media (selective); Root rot; Ponds; Greenhouses; Rifampin; Necrosis; Aromatic compounds; Cortex; Pathogenicity; Inoculation; Decay; Herbs; Solanum tuberosum; Polygonum; Pythium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PD-89-0340A ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Co-infection of Beet mosaic virus with Beet Yellowing Viruses Leads to Increased Symptom Expression on Sugar Beet AN - 17842259; 6248865 AB - Three distinct aphid-transmitted viruses associated with a yellowing disease on sugar beet were examined in single and mixed infections for the effects of virus interactions on plant weight, rate of symptom development, and virus concentration. Sugar beet lines exhibiting different degrees of susceptibility to the virus yellows complex were inoculated with either one, two, or all three viruses. Severe stunting, as measured by fresh plant biomass, was observed with mixed infections with Beet yellows virus (BYV) and Beet mosaic virus (BtMV), compared to single infections of these viruses. In addition, the overall rate of appearance of Beet western yellows virus (BWYV) symptoms increased during co-infection with BtMV. Synergistic effects on stunting severity, as measured by plant biomass, were more pronounced in susceptible beet lines, but similar patterns also were observed in lines exhibiting tolerance to virus yellows. Relative concentrations of viruses were compared among single and mixed infections using dot-blot hybridization with virus specific probes, and quantified by phosphorimage analysis. Titers of all three viruses increased as a result of co-infection compared with single infections. JF - Plant Disease AU - Wintermantel, WM AD - United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, 1636 E. Alisal Street, Salinas, CA 93905, USA, wwintermantel@pw.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 325 EP - 331 VL - 89 IS - 3 SN - 0191-2917, 0191-2917 KW - Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Beet western yellows virus KW - Beet mosaic virus KW - Sugar KW - Beet yellows virus KW - Yellows KW - Probes KW - Yellowing KW - Biomass KW - Plant viruses KW - Mixed infection KW - A 01028:Others KW - V 22183:Symptomatology, pathology & etiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17842259?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Disease&rft.atitle=Co-infection+of+Beet+mosaic+virus+with+Beet+Yellowing+Viruses+Leads+to+Increased+Symptom+Expression+on+Sugar+Beet&rft.au=Wintermantel%2C+WM&rft.aulast=Wintermantel&rft.aufirst=WM&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=89&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=325&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Disease&rft.issn=01912917&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPD-89-0325 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sugar; Yellows; Probes; Yellowing; Plant viruses; Biomass; Mixed infection; Beet western yellows virus; Beet mosaic virus; Beet yellows virus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PD-89-0325 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of Postharvest Hot Water or Ethanol Treatment of Table Grapes on Gray Mold Incidence, Quality, and Ethanol Content AN - 17841946; 6248863 AB - The influence of brief immersion of grape berries in water or ethanol at ambient or higher temperatures on the postharvest incidence of gray mold (caused by Botrytis cinerea) was evaluated. The incidence of gray mold among grape berries that were untreated, or immersed for 1 min in ethanol (35% vol/vol) at 25 or 50 degree C, was 78.7, 26.2, and 3.4 berries/kg, respectively, after 1 month of storage at 0.5 degree C and 2 days at 25 degree C. Heated ethanol was effective up to 24 h after inoculation, but less effective when berry pedicels were removed before inoculation. Rachis appearance, epicuticular wax content and appearance, and berry shatter were unchanged by heated ethanol treatments, whereas berry color changed slightly and treated grape berries were more susceptible to subsequent infection. Ethanol and acetaldehyde contents of grape berries were determined 1, 7, and 14 days after storage at 0.5 degree C following treatment for 30 or 90 s at 30, 40, or 50 degree C with water, or 35% ethanol. Highest residues (377 mu g/g of ethanol and 13.3 mu g/g of acetaldehyde) were in berries immersed for 90 s at 50 degree C in ethanol. Among ethanol-treated grape berries, the ethanol content declined during storage, whereas acetaldehyde content was unchanged or increased. Untreated grape berries initially contained ethanol at 62 mu g/g, which then declined. Acetaldehyde content was 0.6 mu g/g initially and changed little during storage. JF - Plant Disease AU - Gabler, F M AU - Smilanick, J L AU - Ghosoph, J M AU - Margosan, DA AD - United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences Center, 9611 S. Riverbend Ave. Parlier, CA 93648, USA, fgabler@fresno.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 309 EP - 316 VL - 89 IS - 3 SN - 0191-2917, 0191-2917 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Acetaldehyde KW - Inoculation KW - Immersion KW - Botrytis cinerea KW - Molds KW - Water temperature KW - Infection KW - Ethanol KW - Color KW - A 01029:Post-harvest decay UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17841946?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Disease&rft.atitle=Impact+of+Postharvest+Hot+Water+or+Ethanol+Treatment+of+Table+Grapes+on+Gray+Mold+Incidence%2C+Quality%2C+and+Ethanol+Content&rft.au=Gabler%2C+F+M%3BSmilanick%2C+J+L%3BGhosoph%2C+J+M%3BMargosan%2C+DA&rft.aulast=Gabler&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=89&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=309&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Disease&rft.issn=01912917&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPD-89-0309 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Acetaldehyde; Immersion; Inoculation; Molds; Water temperature; Infection; Color; Ethanol; Botrytis cinerea DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PD-89-0309 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - ESTminer: a suite of programs for gene and allele identification AN - 17835020; 6168693 AB - SUMMARY: ESTminer is a collection of programs that use expressed sequence tag (EST) data from inbred genomes to identify unique genes within gene families. The algorithm utilizes Cap3 to perform an initial clustering of related EST sequences to produce a consensus sequence of a gene family. These consensus sequences are then used to collect all ESTs in the original EST library that are related using BLAST. A redundancy based criterion is applied to each EST to identify reliable unique gene-sequences. Using a highly inbred genome as a source of ESTs eliminates the necessity of computing covariance on each polymorphism to identify alleles of the same gene, thus making this algorithm more streamlined than other alternatives which must computationally attempt to distinguish genes from alleles. AVAILABILITY: The programs were written in PERL and are freely available at http://www.soybase.org/publication_data/Nelson/ESTminer/ESTminer.h tml CONTACT: nelsonrtastate.edu Supplementary information: Figures and dataset can be obtained from: http://www.soybase.org/publication_data/Nelson/ESTminer/ESTminer.h tml JF - Bioinformatics AU - Nelson, Rex T AU - Grant, David AU - Shoemaker, Randy C AD - USDA-ARS, CICGR Ames, IA, USA Y1 - 2005/03/01/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Mar 01 SP - 691 EP - 693 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP UK, [mailto:jnl.samples@oup.co.uk], [URL:http://www3.oup.co.uk/jnls/] VL - 21 IS - 5 SN - 1367-4803, 1367-4803 KW - ESTminer KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - Genomes KW - Computer programs KW - Gene polymorphism KW - Algorithms KW - Conserved sequence KW - Bioinformatics KW - Gene families KW - expressed sequence tags KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - G 07300:Theoretical genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17835020?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=ESTminer%3A+a+suite+of+programs+for+gene+and+allele+identification&rft.au=Nelson%2C+Rex+T%3BGrant%2C+David%3BShoemaker%2C+Randy+C&rft.aulast=Nelson&rft.aufirst=Rex&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=691&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioinformatics&rft.issn=13674803&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - expressed sequence tags; Algorithms; Genomes; Computer programs; Conserved sequence; Gene families; Gene polymorphism; Bioinformatics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Suppression of Seedling Damping-Off Caused by Pythium ultimum, P. irregulare, and Rhizoctonia solani in Container Media Amended with a Diverse Range of Pacific Northwest Compost Sources AN - 17781087; 6196604 AB - Suppression of seedling damping-off disease caused by Pythium spp. and Rhizoctonia solani is a potential benefit of formulating soilless container media with compost. Thirty-six compost samples from Pacific Northwest commercial composting facilities were analyzed for a number of physical, chemical, and biological properties, including suppression of damping-off caused by Pythium ultimum, P. irregulare, and R. solani. The samples were produced from diverse feedstocks and composting technologies; this was reflected in a large degree of variability in the measured properties. When mixed with sphagnum peat moss and inorganic aggregates, 67% of the compost samples significantly suppressed P. irregulare damping-off of cucumber, 64% suppressed P. ultimum damping-off of cucumber, and 17% suppressed damping-off of cabbage caused by R. solani. Suppression of Pythium damping-off was related to the potential of compost to support microbial activity and a qualitative index of ammonia volatilization. Suppression of Rhizoctonia damping-off was not related to any one compost factor. Currently available compost products potentially could provide commercially acceptable control of damping-off caused by Pythium spp., but it is necessary to fortify composts with microbial antagonists for the control of R. solani. JF - Phytopathology AU - Scheuerell, S J AU - Sullivan, D M AU - Mahaffee, W F AD - U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service, Horticulture Crops Research Laboratory, 3420 NW Orchard Ave., Corvallis, OR 97330, USA, mahaffew@science.oregonstate.edu Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 306 EP - 315 VL - 95 IS - 3 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - cucumber KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Pythium ultimum KW - Sphagnum KW - Damping-off KW - Pythium irregulare KW - Antagonists KW - Composting KW - Composts KW - Ammonia KW - Rhizoctonia solani KW - Volatilization KW - Peat KW - Cucumis sativus KW - Seedlings KW - A 01028:Others KW - K 03089:Fungi: plant UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17781087?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Suppression+of+Seedling+Damping-Off+Caused+by+Pythium+ultimum%2C+P.+irregulare%2C+and+Rhizoctonia+solani+in+Container+Media+Amended+with+a+Diverse+Range+of+Pacific+Northwest+Compost+Sources&rft.au=Scheuerell%2C+S+J%3BSullivan%2C+D+M%3BMahaffee%2C+W+F&rft.aulast=Scheuerell&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=95&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=306&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPHYTO-95-0306 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pythium irregulare; Rhizoctonia solani; Pythium ultimum; Cucumis sativus; Sphagnum; Damping-off; Composts; Composting; Seedlings; Ammonia; Peat; Volatilization; Antagonists DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-95-0306 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Food Safety and Inspection Service Regulatory Testing Program for Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Raw Ground Beef AN - 17776015; 6181402 AB - We analyzed raw ground beef testing data to determine whether a decrease in the rate of Escherichia coli O157:H7-positive raw ground beef samples has occurred since the inception of Food Safety and Inspection Service (U.S. Department of Agriculture) regulatory actions and microbiological testing concerning this commodity and pathogen. A main effects log-linear Poisson regression model was constructed to evaluate the association between fiscal year and the rate of E. coli O157: H7-positive raw ground beef samples while controlling for the effect of season for the subset of test results obtained from fiscal year (FY)2000 through FY2003. Rate ratios were used to compare the rate of E. coli O157:H7-positive raw ground beef samples between sequential years to identify year-to-year differences. Of the 26,521 raw ground beef samples tested from FY2000 through FY2003, 189 (0.71%) tested positive for E. coli O157:H7. Year-to-year comparisons identified a 50% reduction in the rate of positive ground beef samples from FY2002 to FY2003 when controlling for season (95% CI, 10 to 72% decrease; P = 0.02). This decrease was the only significant year-to-year change in the rate of E. coli O157:H7-positive raw ground beef samples but was consistent in samples obtained from both federally inspected establishments and retail outlets. We believe this decrease is attributed to specific regulatory actions by Food Safety and Inspection Service and subsequent actions implemented by the industry, with the goal of reducing E. coli O157:H7 adulteration of raw ground beef. Continued monitoring is necessary to confirm that the decrease in the rate of E. coli O157:H7 in raw ground beef samples we observed here represents the beginning of a sustained trend. JF - Journal of Food Protection AU - Naugle, Alecia Larew AU - Holt, Kristin G AU - Levine, Priscilla AU - Eckel, Ron AD - Office of Public Health Science, Food Safety and Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C. 20250 Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 462 EP - 468 PB - Allen Press, Inc., 810 East Tenth St. Lawrence KS 66044 USA, [mailto:webmaster@allenpress.com], [URL:http://www.allenpress.com] VL - 68 IS - 3 SN - 0362-028X, 0362-028X KW - ground beef KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Agriculture KW - Safety regulations KW - Data processing KW - Food KW - Pathogens KW - Food contamination KW - inspection KW - Models KW - USA KW - Beef KW - Escherichia coli KW - Seasonal variations KW - A 01019:Sterilization, preservation & packaging KW - A 01116:Bacteria KW - H 4000:Food and Drugs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17776015?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Food+Protection&rft.atitle=Food+Safety+and+Inspection+Service+Regulatory+Testing+Program+for+Escherichia+coli+O157%3AH7+in+Raw+Ground+Beef&rft.au=Naugle%2C+Alecia+Larew%3BHolt%2C+Kristin+G%3BLevine%2C+Priscilla%3BEckel%2C+Ron&rft.aulast=Naugle&rft.aufirst=Alecia&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=462&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Food+Protection&rft.issn=0362028X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agriculture; Data processing; Beef; Food; Pathogens; Models; Safety regulations; inspection; Food contamination; Seasonal variations; Escherichia coli; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Azole-based antimycotic agents inhibit mold on unseasoned pine AN - 17767542; 6149475 AB - Inhibiting the growth of mold fungi on cellulose-based building materials may be achievable through the use of azole-based antimycotics. Azoles were variably effective against mold fungi that are frequently found on wood and wood products. Unseasoned southern yellow pine specimens that were dip-treated with varying concentrations of eight azoles were evaluated for their ability to resist mold infestation when challenged with Aspergillus niger, Penicillium chrysogenum, and Trichoderma viride spores. Minimal fungicidal concentrations (MFC sub(90)) were determined to be 0.016% for thiabendazole and 0.043% for voriconazole, the most efficacious azoles against the challenge fungi. We conclude that thiabendazole or voriconazole may be used alone or in combination to inhibit mold fungi on unseasoned pine. JF - International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation AU - Clausen, CA AU - Yang, V W AD - US Department of Agriculture (USDA), Forest Products Laboratory, Forest Service, One Gifford Pinchot Drive, Madison, WI 53705-2398, USA, cclausen@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 99 EP - 102 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 55 IS - 2 SN - 0964-8305, 0964-8305 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Thiabendazole KW - Biodegradation KW - Cellulose KW - Fungicidal activity KW - Penicillium chrysogenum KW - Molds KW - Wood KW - Trichoderma viride KW - Growth KW - Infestation KW - Voriconazole KW - Spores KW - Aspergillus niger KW - azoles KW - A 01045:Diseases & treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17767542?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Biodeterioration+%26+Biodegradation&rft.atitle=Azole-based+antimycotic+agents+inhibit+mold+on+unseasoned+pine&rft.au=Clausen%2C+CA%3BYang%2C+V+W&rft.aulast=Clausen&rft.aufirst=CA&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=99&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Biodeterioration+%26+Biodegradation&rft.issn=09648305&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ibiod.2004.08.002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Infestation; Thiabendazole; Growth; Biodegradation; Fungicidal activity; Voriconazole; Cellulose; Wood; Molds; Spores; azoles; Penicillium chrysogenum; Trichoderma viride; Aspergillus niger DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2004.08.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Induction of redox sensitive extracellular phenolics during plant-bacterial interactions AN - 17658928; 6501328 AB - This study focuses on the transient and complex nature of phenolics that accumulate in the extracellular environment of plant suspension cells during the first few hours of the interaction between these plant cells and bacterial pathogens. Using suspension cells of Nicotiana tabacum we identified four acetophenones and four hydroxycinnamic acid amides that accumulate in this extracellular environment. Treatment of the suspension cells with isolates of the plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae or heat-killed bacteria increased elicitation of extracellular phenolics and changed the composition of the compounds that accumulated. These phenolics were sensitive to oxidative stress; when suspension cells were treated with bacterial strains or elicitors that triggered an oxidative burst, these phenolics were oxidized and depleted for the duration of the burst. The qualitative and quantitative makeup of phenolics produced by N. tabacum suspensions was also affected by plant cell age and density. To our knowledge, this is the first study that closely follows the kinetics of individual extracellular phenolic compounds and the concurrent oxidative stress during the first few hours of a plant-bacterial interaction. JF - Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology AU - Baker, C J AU - Whitaker, B D AU - Roberts, D P AU - Mock, N M AU - Rice, C P AU - Deahl, K L AU - Aver'yanov, A A AD - US Department of Agriculture, Bldg. 004 Rm. 119, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA, bakerc@ba.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 90 EP - 98 VL - 66 IS - 3 SN - 0885-5765, 0885-5765 KW - hydroxycinnamic acid amides KW - tobacco KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - A 01028:Others UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17658928?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physiological+and+Molecular+Plant+Pathology&rft.atitle=Induction+of+redox+sensitive+extracellular+phenolics+during+plant-bacterial+interactions&rft.au=Baker%2C+C+J%3BWhitaker%2C+B+D%3BRoberts%2C+D+P%3BMock%2C+N+M%3BRice%2C+C+P%3BDeahl%2C+K+L%3BAver%27yanov%2C+A+A&rft.aulast=Baker&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=90&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physiological+and+Molecular+Plant+Pathology&rft.issn=08855765&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.pmpp.2005.05.002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pmpp.2005.05.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cryptic plasmid pSKU146 from the wall-less plant pathogen Spiroplasma kunkelii encodes an adhesin and components of a type IV translocation-related conjugation system AN - 17637698; 6389644 AB - A cryptic plasmid of the wall-less plant pathogenic mollicute, Spiroplasma kunkelii CR2-3X, was cloned and its sequence analyzed. The 14,615bp plasmid, designated pSKU146, has a nucleotide content of 28mol% G+C, and contains 18 potential protein-coding regions (open reading frames, ORFs), of which six encode proteins that exhibit similarity to virulence-associated proteins involved in cell-to-cell adhesion or conjugal DNA transfer. One ORF encodes a 96kDa protein, SkARP1, that is highly similar to SARP1 adhesin involved in attachment of Spiroplasma citri to insect vector gut membrane. Five ORFs encode proteins similar to TraE and Mob in walled bacteria, and to ORFs found in the integrative, conjugative element (ICEF) of Mycoplasma fermentans, respectively. Presence of domains similar to proteins of the Type IV secretion system in pathogenic bacteria suggests that spiroplasma possesses a related translocation system. Plasmid pSKU146 also contains two identical oriT regions each containing a nick sequence characteristic of the IncP conjugative plasmid family, as well as a 58bp palindromic sequence, palSK1. Features in pSKU146 suggest that the plasmid functions as a mobile genetic element in conjugative transmission of spiroplasma pathogenicity-related genes. JF - Plasmid AU - Davis, R E AU - Dally, EL AU - Jomantiene, R AU - Zhao, Y AU - Roe, B AU - Lin, S AU - Shao, J AD - USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA, davisr@ba.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 179 EP - 190 VL - 53 IS - 2 SN - 0147-619X, 0147-619X KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - J 02760:Plasmids KW - G 07203:Plasmids UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17637698?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plasmid&rft.atitle=Cryptic+plasmid+pSKU146+from+the+wall-less+plant+pathogen+Spiroplasma+kunkelii+encodes+an+adhesin+and+components+of+a+type+IV+translocation-related+conjugation+system&rft.au=Davis%2C+R+E%3BDally%2C+EL%3BJomantiene%2C+R%3BZhao%2C+Y%3BRoe%2C+B%3BLin%2C+S%3BShao%2C+J&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=179&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plasmid&rft.issn=0147619X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.plasmid.2004.09.002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.plasmid.2004.09.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fractal mass-size scaling of wetting soil aggregates AN - 17608272; 6149453 AB - Structure is an important factor of soil functioning in ecosystems. Soil aggregate size distributions are commonly used to characterize soil structure. Relationships between density of dry soil aggregates and aggregate size present a different way to use aggregate-related information in soil structure characterization. Those relationships have been simulated assuming soils to be mass fractals. Aggregates in field soil are not air-dry. The relationships between mass and size differ between dry aggregates and wet aggregates because aggregates shrink as water content decreases. Our objective was to find out whether the mass fractal model can be applied to wet aggregates. Aggregates from the plow layer of Greyzem soil were brought to four different levels of water contents, and the kerosene method was used to measure volume of aggregates within diameter ranges of 3-5, 5-7, and 7-10 mm. It appeared that the wetter aggregates were less prone to loosening as the water increased. The mass fractal model was applicable to wet aggregates under the assumption of linear dependence of the fractal dimension D sub(m) and the unit size aggregate mass a on the gravimetric water content w (g g super(-1)). Dependencies D sub(m)=2.925+0.284w and a=0.808-0.123w resulted in R super(2)=0.9999 for the regression line of simulated versus measured aggregate mass. Fractal modeling of mass-size scaling in wet soil aggregates presents a set of aggregate-based parameters for soil structure that may reflect soil properties and can be explored as an index of soil ability to support functions of ecosystems. JF - Ecological Modelling AU - Guber, A K AU - Pachepsky, Y AU - Levkovsky, E V AD - Soil Science Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, aguber@anri.barc.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 317 EP - 322 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 182 IS - 3-4 SN - 0304-3800, 0304-3800 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - SW 0845:Water in soils KW - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17608272?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Modelling&rft.atitle=Fractal+mass-size+scaling+of+wetting+soil+aggregates&rft.au=Guber%2C+A+K%3BPachepsky%2C+Y%3BLevkovsky%2C+E+V&rft.aulast=Guber&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=182&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=317&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Modelling&rft.issn=03043800&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ecolmodel.2004.04.008 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2004.04.008 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Diversity and abundance of leafhopper species (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) among red maple clones AN - 17547757; 6430667 AB - A survey was conducted in the 2001 growing season to examine the leafhopper diversity and abundance among trees of 17 red maple (Acer rubrum) clones. Yellow sticky traps were used to qualify and quantify the number of aerial leafhoppers from 1 May 2001 until 4 September 2001. A total of 45 species from eight different leafhopper subfamilies, for a total of 6055 individuals, were considered in this study. The mean number of leafhoppers collected, mean species richness, diversity and evenness were significantly lower on traps of trees for 'October Glory' than for the other clones. Yet, none of the leafhopper species dominated the weekly samples. Species similarity among clones ranged from 56 to 90%. No two clones had complete similarity. 'Franksred' and trees of a controlled cross between 'October Glory' x 'Autumn Flame' shared the highest degree of species similarity, while clones from PA, USA and RI, USA were the least similar. The development of new clones did not create new pest problems, but suppressed populations of damaging pests, and maintained the diversity of low abundance species. JF - Journal of Insect Conservation AU - Bentz, Jo-Ann AU - Townsend, Alden M AD - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, BARC-West, Building 010A, Room 238, Beltsville, MD, USA, 20705-2350, jbentz@ba.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 29 EP - 39 PB - Springer-Verlag (Heidelberg), Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany, [mailto:subscriptions@springer.de], [URL:http://www.springer.de/] VL - 9 IS - 1 SN - 1366-638X, 1366-638X KW - Ecology Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - Cicadellidae KW - Trees KW - Abundance KW - Acer rubrum KW - Conservation KW - Traps KW - Pests KW - Homoptera KW - Species richness KW - Z 05203:Relations to plants KW - D 04659:Insects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17547757?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Insect+Conservation&rft.atitle=Diversity+and+abundance+of+leafhopper+species+%28Homoptera%3A+Cicadellidae%29+among+red+maple+clones&rft.au=Bentz%2C+Jo-Ann%3BTownsend%2C+Alden+M&rft.aulast=Bentz&rft.aufirst=Jo-Ann&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Insect+Conservation&rft.issn=1366638X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10841-004-4886-3 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cicadellidae; Homoptera; Acer rubrum; Abundance; Trees; Traps; Pests; Conservation; Species richness DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10841-004-4886-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Substrate Utilization by Aspergillus flavus in Inoculated Whole Corn Kernels and Isolated Tissues AN - 17500322; 6385179 AB - Utilization of the major corn (Zea mays) reserve materials (free saccharides, starch, triglycerides, and zein) was monitored during infection of detached kernels by Aspergillus flavus (A. flavus) over a 12-day period. Inoculated whole kernels were compared to noninoculated kernels. Concentrations of sucrose and raffinose in inoculated seed decreased to nearly zero at 6 days, whereas concentrations of these saccharides in noninoculated seed dropped at a considerably slower rate, and significant levels remained at the end of the incubation period. Triglyceride concentrations remained unchanged in the noninoculated seed but dropped continuously after 2 days in the inoculated seed. Starch and zein concentrations did not change during the 12-day incubation period. Aflatoxin B sub(1) was first detected after 2 days and increased to about 20 mu g/g (20,000 ppb) after 12 days. Very low aflatoxin concentrations were detected in the noninoculated seed. Significant concentrations of erythritol, arabitol, and mannitol were produced during infection, with peak concentrations occurring at 8 days. Whole seed and germ tissue appeared to support good fungal growth and aflatoxin production, whereas ground tissues and endosperm did not. A. flavus preferentially utilized saccharides as initial carbon substrates followed by triglycerides. When invading nonwounded corn kernels, the fungus selectively targets the germ tissue where these materials are localized in the highest concentrations. JF - Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry AU - Mellon, JE AU - Dowd, M K AU - Cotty, P J AD - Southern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, P.O. Box 19687, New Orleans, LA 70179, USA Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 2351 EP - 2357 VL - 53 IS - 6 SN - 0021-8561, 0021-8561 KW - maize KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Aflatoxin B1 KW - Endosperm KW - Zein KW - Seeds KW - Aspergillus flavus KW - raffinose KW - Aflatoxins KW - Starch KW - Infection KW - Erythritol KW - Carbon KW - Zea mays KW - Mannitol KW - Sucrose KW - Triglycerides KW - Kernels KW - A 01016:Microbial degradation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17500322?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Agricultural+and+Food+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Substrate+Utilization+by+Aspergillus+flavus+in+Inoculated+Whole+Corn+Kernels+and+Isolated+Tissues&rft.au=Mellon%2C+JE%3BDowd%2C+M+K%3BCotty%2C+P+J&rft.aulast=Mellon&rft.aufirst=JE&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2351&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Agricultural+and+Food+Chemistry&rft.issn=00218561&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fjf040276g LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Endosperm; Aflatoxin B1; Seeds; Zein; raffinose; Aflatoxins; Infection; Starch; Erythritol; Carbon; Mannitol; Triglycerides; Sucrose; Kernels; Aspergillus flavus; Zea mays DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf040276g ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Root Size and Depth Distributions for Three Species of Submersed Aquatic Plants Grown Alone or in Mixtures: Evidence for Nutrient Competition AN - 17495225; 6235011 AB - We hypothesized that if aquatic plants were competing for nutrients then the spatial distribution and sizes of roots should change when competitors were present. Stukenia pectinatus, Potamogeton nodosus, and Hydrilla verticillata (monoecious type) were grown in either monocultures or mixtures in Polyvinylchloride containers. Four 5 cm diameter minirhizotrons were mounted horizontally across the containers so that they were 2.5, 12.5, 22.5, or 32.5 cm below the surface of the sediment, and we inserted a specialized video camera in each minirhizotron tube and recorded root images at 21 locations in each tube. For two of three cases, adding plants of another species changed the root depth distribution and increased the volume of soil occupied by roots compared to monocultures. Additionally, smaller diameter roots were more abundant when competitors were present. This implies that the plants adjusted to the presence of competitors by producing more roots capable of nutrient uptake. These results imply that competition for sediment-based nutrients occurred in these systems. JF - Journal of Freshwater Ecology AU - Spencer, D F AU - Ksander, G G AD - USDA-ARS Exotic and Invasive Weeds Research Unit, Robbins Hall, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 109 EP - 116 VL - 20 IS - 1 SN - 0270-5060, 0270-5060 KW - Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Spatial distribution KW - Aquatic plants KW - Roots KW - Nutrients KW - Freshwater KW - Stuckenia pectinatus KW - Hydrilla verticillata KW - Sediments KW - Soil KW - Pectinatus KW - Growth KW - Plant nutrition KW - Interspecific relationships KW - Potamogeton nodosus KW - Uptake KW - Nutrients (mineral) KW - Competition KW - Size KW - Q1 08483:Species interactions: general KW - Q1 08221:General KW - D 04625:Plants - general UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17495225?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Freshwater+Ecology&rft.atitle=Root+Size+and+Depth+Distributions+for+Three+Species+of+Submersed+Aquatic+Plants+Grown+Alone+or+in+Mixtures%3A+Evidence+for+Nutrient+Competition&rft.au=Spencer%2C+D+F%3BKsander%2C+G+G&rft.aulast=Spencer&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=109&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Freshwater+Ecology&rft.issn=02705060&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Plant nutrition; Growth; Interspecific relationships; Aquatic plants; Uptake; Roots; Nutrients (mineral); Competition; Sediments; Size; Soil; Spatial distribution; Nutrients; Pectinatus; Potamogeton nodosus; Stuckenia pectinatus; Hydrilla verticillata; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydroquinone Is Not A Phagostimulant For The Formosan Subterranean Termite AN - 17450123; 6642508 AB - It has been suggested that hydroquinone found in the labial glands of a number of termite species acts as a primary phagostimulating factor. We tested hydroquinone as a phagostimulant using workers from three colonies of the Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus, under both laboratory and field conditions. Hydroquinone at concentrations ranging from ca. 0.002-20.0 ng/cm super(2) did not increase visitation by C. formosanus workers to treated over control filter papers, and was actually repellent at a 20 ng/cm super(2) dose. No phagostimulant response to hydroquinone was observed in two colonies. In the third, there was a significant increase in feeding on filter paper treated with a 2 ng/cm super(2) dose, but was significantly lower at a 20 ng/cm super(2) dose. Furthermore, sand treated with a gradient of hydroquinone, did not evoke increased tunneling activity compared with controls. GC-MS analysis of C. formosanus workers indicated that hydroquinone was present at an average of 41 pg/worker. It was also determined that within one week about 11%hydroquinone in aqueous solution oxidized to 1,4-benzoquinone. Our findings indicate that hydroquinone alone does not act as a phagostimulant but instead may act as a repellent at higher concentrations. The attractant/arrestant of the Formosan termite may have multiple components of which hydroquinone, at low doses, could be one. JF - Journal of Chemical Ecology AU - Raina, Ashok K AU - Bland, John M AU - Osbrink, Weste AD - Formosan Subterranean Termite Research Unit, USDA, ARS 1100 Robert E. Lee Blvd., New Orleans, Louisiana, 70124, USA, araina@srrc.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 509 EP - 517 PB - Springer-Verlag (Heidelberg), Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany, [mailto:subscriptions@springer.de], [URL:http://www.springer.de/] VL - 31 IS - 3 SN - 0098-0331, 0098-0331 KW - Formosan subterranean termite KW - Isoptera KW - Ecology Abstracts; Animal Behavior Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - Rhinotermitidae KW - Workers KW - Colonies KW - Hydroquinone KW - Repellents KW - Phagostimulants KW - Coptotermes formosanus KW - Attractants KW - Feeding behavior KW - Y 25493:Insects KW - D 04659:Insects KW - Z 05199:Feeding UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17450123?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Chemical+Ecology&rft.atitle=Hydroquinone+Is+Not+A+Phagostimulant+For+The+Formosan+Subterranean+Termite&rft.au=Raina%2C+Ashok+K%3BBland%2C+John+M%3BOsbrink%2C+Weste&rft.aulast=Raina&rft.aufirst=Ashok&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=509&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Chemical+Ecology&rft.issn=00980331&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10886-005-2026-5 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Workers; Colonies; Repellents; Hydroquinone; Phagostimulants; Attractants; Feeding behavior; Rhinotermitidae; Coptotermes formosanus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10886-005-2026-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of a candidate vaccine for Newcastle disease virus by epitope display in the Cucumber mosaic virus capsid protein AN - 17449637; 6642535 AB - A peptide fusion to the capsid protein (CP) of Cucumber mosaic virus(CMV) was designed to express either a 17 amino acid (aa) neutralizing epitope of the Newcastle disease virus (NDV) fusion (F) protein or an eight aa neutralizing epitope of the NDV hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) protein. Fusions of the F, HN and HN2 (duplicated HN epitope) were made in the internal bH-bI loop (motif 5) within the CMV CP. Recombinant RNA3 transcripts of the Ixora strain of CMV were inoculated on to Nicotiana benthamiana, together with CMV RNA1 and CMV RNA2. When the F and HN epitopes were placed in the internal motif, the modified virus was infectious and the HN NDV epitope was recognized by anti-NDV sera. However, in some plants, deletions of one to several of the inserted amino acids occurred. A duplication of the HN epitope rendered the virus non-viable. JF - Biotechnology Letters AU - Zhao, Yan AU - Hammond, Rosemarie W AD - Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA, hammondr@ba.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 375 EP - 382 PB - Springer-Verlag (Heidelberg), Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany, [mailto:subscriptions@springer.de], [URL:http://www.springer.de/] VL - 27 IS - 6 SN - 0141-5492, 0141-5492 KW - cucumber KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - Cucumber mosaic virus KW - Amino acids KW - Hemagglutinins KW - F protein KW - Exo-a-sialidase KW - Newcastle disease KW - Nicotiana benthamiana KW - Cucumis sativus KW - Newcastle disease virus KW - HN protein KW - Fusion protein KW - Vaccines KW - Epitopes KW - Capsid protein KW - A 01100:Viruses KW - W2 32365:Vaccines KW - V 22098:Immunization: Vaccines & vaccination: Animal KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17449637?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+Letters&rft.atitle=Development+of+a+candidate+vaccine+for+Newcastle+disease+virus+by+epitope+display+in+the+Cucumber+mosaic+virus+capsid+protein&rft.au=Zhao%2C+Yan%3BHammond%2C+Rosemarie+W&rft.aulast=Zhao&rft.aufirst=Yan&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=375&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+Letters&rft.issn=01415492&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10529-005-1773-2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Amino acids; Hemagglutinins; F protein; Exo-a-sialidase; HN protein; Vaccines; Newcastle disease; Fusion protein; Epitopes; Capsid protein; Nicotiana benthamiana; Cucumber mosaic virus; Cucumis sativus; Newcastle disease virus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10529-005-1773-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predicting Nitrogen Content in the Northern Mixed-Grass Prairie AN - 17439126; 6201303 AB - Forage quality and quantity are important factors affecting livestock production from grazing lands. 'Greenness' has been proposed as an indicator of herbage quality in semiarid environments, particularly nitrogen (N) content. The objective of this study was to assess the potential of estimating N content of forage using dead:green ratios and accumulated growing-degree-days (AGDD). Standing crop samples were collected April through October over 3 years from each of 3 replicated grazing regimes on a silty range site in eastern Montana. Samples were sorted into live, current dead, and old dead components, then dried, ground, and analyzed for N content. The AGDD for base temperature 45 degree F (7.2 degree C) was calculated from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) reported monthly average temperatures for Miles City. An equation to predict percent N in the total standing crop from percent dead forage and AGDD was developed using multiple linear regression. This equation accounted for 75.9% of variation in percent N, and prediction error variance was 0.026. To validate this equation, data were obtained from samples collected from April through September in an independent study of 8 areas on silty and clay-pan range sites grazed during autumn and winter. Samples from these sites were treated and analyzed in the same manner as those used to develop the equation. The developed equation was used to predict percent N for the validation data. The resulting correlation between predicted and actual values was 0.79. The regression coefficient for actual values on predicted values was 0.995 plus or minus 0.125. The intercept did not differ from 0.0 (P = 0.22), and prediction error variance was 0.042. This equation has utility for predicting N level of forage from Northern Great Plains rangelands.Original Abstract: La cantidad y calidad del forraje son factores importantes que afectan la produccion animal en los pastizales. 'Verdor' ha sido propuesto como un indicador de la calidad del forraje, particularmente del contenido de nitrogeno (N), en los ambientes semiaridos. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el potencial para estimar el contenido de N del forraje usando relaciones de forraje muerto:forraje verde y los dias-grado-crecimiento acumulados (AGDD). Se colectaron muestras de biomasa en pie de Abril a Octubre durante un periodo de 3 anos en 3 regimenes de apacentamiento repetidos 3 veces cada uno, ubicados en un sitio de pastizal aluvial del este de Montana. Las muestras se clasificaron en los siguientes componentes: biomasa viva, biomasa recien muerta y biomasa muerta vieja; posteriormente se molieron y analizaron para determinar el contenido de N. Los dias-grado-crecimiento acumulados, tomando como base 45 degree F (7.2 degree C), se calcularon a partir de las temperaturas promedio mensuales de Mile City reportadas por la Administracion Nacional Atmosferica y Oceanica (NOAA). Mediante tecnicas de regresion multiple se desarrollo una ecuacion para predecir el contenido de N en la biomasa en pie total a partir del porcentaje de forraje muerto y los AGDD. La ecuacion explico el 75.9% de la variacion del contenido de N y la varianza del error de prediccion fue 0.026. Para validar esta ecuacion, se obtuvieron datos de muestras colectadas de Abril a Septiembre en un estudio independiente de 8 areas en sitios de pastizal de aluviales y arcillosos apacentados durante el otono e invierno, las muestras de estos sitios fueron tratadas y analizadas de la misma manera que las utilizadas para desarrollar la ecuacion. La ecuacion desarrollada fue usada para predecir el porcentaje de N para la validacion de los datos. La correlacion resultante entre los valores predichos y los valores actuales fue de 0.79. El coeficiente de regresion para los datos actuales sobre los datos predichos fue 0.995 plus or minus 0.125. La intercepcion no difirio de 0.0 (P = 0.22) y la varianza del error de prediccion fue 0.042. Esta ecuacion tiene utilidad para predecir el nivel de N del forraje de los pastizales de las Grandes Planicies del Norte. JF - Rangeland Ecology & Management AU - Haferkamp, M R AU - MacNeil, MD AU - Grings, EE AD - Rangeland Scientist, USDA-ARS, Fort Keogh Livestock and Range Research Laboratory, 243 Fort Keogh Road, Miles City, MT 59301-4016 Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 155 EP - 160 PB - Society for Range Management VL - 58 IS - 2 SN - 1550-7424, 1550-7424 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Temperature effects KW - Prairies KW - Grazing KW - Semiarid environments KW - Range management KW - USA, Montana KW - Standing crop KW - Nitrogen KW - D 04700:Management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17439126?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rangeland+Ecology+%26+Management&rft.atitle=Predicting+Nitrogen+Content+in+the+Northern+Mixed-Grass+Prairie&rft.au=Haferkamp%2C+M+R%3BMacNeil%2C+MD%3BGrings%2C+EE&rft.aulast=Haferkamp&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=155&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Rangeland+Ecology+%26+Management&rft.issn=15507424&rft_id=info:doi/10.2111%2F04-01.1 L2 - http://journals.allenpress.com/jrnlserv/?request=get-abstract&issn=1550-7424&volume=58&page=155 L