TY - JOUR T1 - Florida wildfire activity and atmospheric teleconnections AN - 815535369; 13812262 AB - Since 1991, the Florida Division of Forestry has been making seasonal fire severity forecasts based on a relationship between area burned in Florida and El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). The present study extends the original analysis on which these forecasts are based and attempts to augment it with the addition of other patterns of climate variability. Two atmospheric teleconnection patterns, the North Atlantic Oscillation and Pacific-North American pattern, are examined as potential indicators of seasonal and monthly area burned in Florida. Although ENSO was the only climate index to show a significant correlation to area burned in Florida, the Pacific-North American pattern (PNA) is shown to be a factor influencing fire season severity although the relationship is not monotonic and therefore not revealed by correlation analysis. JF - International Journal of Wildland Fire AU - Goodrick, Scott L AU - Hanley, Deborah E AD - USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, 320 Green St., Athens, GA 30602, USA, sgoodrick@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2009/06/29/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Jun 29 SP - 476 EP - 482 PB - CSIRO Publishing, PO Box 1139 Collingwood Vic. 3066 Australia VL - 18 IS - 4 SN - 1049-8001, 1049-8001 KW - Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - North Atlantic Oscillation KW - wildfire KW - Correlations KW - Correlation analysis KW - Teleconnection patterns KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - Climatic variability KW - Seasonal variability KW - Seasonal variations KW - Forestry KW - Teleconnections KW - ASW, USA, Florida KW - Fires KW - teleconnections KW - wildland fire KW - El Nino-Southern Oscillation event KW - AN, North Atlantic, North Atlantic Oscillation KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - M2 551.588:Environmental Influences (551.588) KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/815535369?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Wildland+Fire&rft.atitle=Florida+wildfire+activity+and+atmospheric+teleconnections&rft.au=Goodrick%2C+Scott+L%3BHanley%2C+Deborah+E&rft.aulast=Goodrick&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.date=2009-06-29&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=476&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Wildland+Fire&rft.issn=10498001&rft_id=info:doi/10.1071%2FWF07034 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Teleconnection patterns; North Atlantic Oscillation; Fires; Climatic variability; El Nino-Southern Oscillation event; Correlations; Seasonal variability; Correlation analysis; Teleconnections; wildfire; wildland fire; teleconnections; Sulfur dioxide; Seasonal variations; Forestry; ASW, USA, Florida; AN, North Atlantic, North Atlantic Oscillation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/WF07034 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Local Sections Are the Bloodlines of the ACS T2 - American Chemical Society Northwest Regional Meeting (NORM 2009) AN - 40290643; 5239079 JF - American Chemical Society Northwest Regional Meeting (NORM 2009) AU - Pavlath, Attila Y1 - 2009/06/28/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Jun 28 KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40290643?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=American+Chemical+Society+Northwest+Regional+Meeting+%28NORM+2009%29&rft.atitle=Local+Sections+Are+the+Bloodlines+of+the+ACS&rft.au=Pavlath%2C+Attila&rft.aulast=Pavlath&rft.aufirst=Attila&rft.date=2009-06-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Chemical+Society+Northwest+Regional+Meeting+%28NORM+2009%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://acs.confex.com/acs/norm09/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Specificity and Sensitivity of Histo-Blood Group Antigen-Conjugated Magnetic Beads for Concentration of Norovirus T2 - 3rd Congress of European Microbiologists (FEMS 2009) AN - 40182817; 5178112 JF - 3rd Congress of European Microbiologists (FEMS 2009) AU - Tian, P AU - Yang, D AU - Gandhi, K AU - Cannon, J AU - Vinje, J AU - Baric, R AU - Lindesmith, L AU - Burkhardt, W AU - Woods, J AU - Hartman, G AU - Mandrell, R Y1 - 2009/06/28/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Jun 28 KW - Sensitivity KW - Specificity KW - Norovirus KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40182817?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=3rd+Congress+of+European+Microbiologists+%28FEMS+2009%29&rft.atitle=Specificity+and+Sensitivity+of+Histo-Blood+Group+Antigen-Conjugated+Magnetic+Beads+for+Concentration+of+Norovirus&rft.au=Tian%2C+P%3BYang%2C+D%3BGandhi%2C+K%3BCannon%2C+J%3BVinje%2C+J%3BBaric%2C+R%3BLindesmith%2C+L%3BBurkhardt%2C+W%3BWoods%2C+J%3BHartman%2C+G%3BMandrell%2C+R&rft.aulast=Tian&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2009-06-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=3rd+Congress+of+European+Microbiologists+%28FEMS+2009%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sessionplan.com/fems2009/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of manure and water applications on 1,3-dichloropropene and chloropicrin emissions in a field trial. AN - 67394208; 19459700 AB - Minimizing fumigant emissions is required for meeting air-quality standards. Application of organic materials to surface soil has been effective in reducing fumigant emissions during laboratory tests, but the potential to reduce emissions in the field has not been adequately evaluated. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of incorporated composted manure with or without water applications on fumigant emissions and the potential impact on pest control efficacy under field conditions. Treatments included a bare-soil control, composted dairy manure at 12.4 and 24.7 Mg ha(-1), postfumigation intermittent water seals (11 mm water irrigated immediately following fumigation and 4 mm at 12, 24, and 48 h), and incorporation of manure at 12.4 Mg ha(-1) combined with the water seals or a high-density polyethylene (HDPE) tarp. Telone C35 was shank-applied at 553 kg ha(-1), and emissions of 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D) and chloropicrin (CP) were monitored for 10 days. The results indicate that there was no significant difference in emission peak flux and cumulative emission loss between the control and the 12.4 Mg ha(-1) manure treatment. The higher manure rate (24.7 Mg ha(-1)) resulted in lower emission flux and cumulative emission loss than 12.4 Mg ha(-1), although the differences were only significant for CP. In contrast, the water treatments with or without manure incorporation significantly reduced peak emission rates (80% reduction) and cumulative emission loss ( approximately 50% reduction). The manure + HDPE treatment resulted in the lowest CP emissions but slightly higher 1,3-D emissions than the water treatments. Reductions in peak emission from water treatments can be important in reducing the potential acute exposure risks to workers and bystanders. This research demonstrated that incorporation of composted manure alone did not reduce fumigant emissions and effective emission reduction with manure amendment may require higher application rates and/or more effective materials than those used in this study. JF - Journal of agricultural and food chemistry AU - Gao, Suduan AU - Qin, Ruijun AU - Hanson, Bradley D AU - Tharayil, Nishanth AU - Trout, Thomas J AU - Wang, Dong AU - Gerik, James AD - United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Water Management Research Unit, San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences Center, Parlier, California 93648, USA. suduan.gao@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/06/24/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Jun 24 SP - 5428 EP - 5434 VL - 57 IS - 12 KW - Allyl Compounds KW - 0 KW - Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated KW - Manure KW - Pesticides KW - Soil KW - Water KW - 059QF0KO0R KW - 1,3-dichloro-1-propene KW - 9H780918D0 KW - chloropicrin KW - I4JTX7Z7U2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Soil -- analysis KW - Water -- analysis KW - Pesticides -- chemistry KW - Manure -- analysis KW - Fumigation -- methods KW - Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated -- chemistry KW - Allyl Compounds -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67394208?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+agricultural+and+food+chemistry&rft.atitle=Effects+of+manure+and+water+applications+on+1%2C3-dichloropropene+and+chloropicrin+emissions+in+a+field+trial.&rft.au=Gao%2C+Suduan%3BQin%2C+Ruijun%3BHanson%2C+Bradley+D%3BTharayil%2C+Nishanth%3BTrout%2C+Thomas+J%3BWang%2C+Dong%3BGerik%2C+James&rft.aulast=Gao&rft.aufirst=Suduan&rft.date=2009-06-24&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=5428&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+agricultural+and+food+chemistry&rft.issn=1520-5118&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fjf900245f LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-09-10 N1 - Date created - 2009-06-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf900245f ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitative method for the measurement of three benzofuran ketones in rayless goldenrod (Isocoma pluriflora) and white snakeroot (Ageratina altissima) by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). AN - 67394150; 19480385 AB - White snakeroot ( Ageratina altissima ) and rayless goldenrod ( Isocoma pluriflora ) can cause "trembles" and "milk sickness" in livestock and humans, respectively. Tremetol, a complex mixture of sterols and derivatives of methyl ketone benzofuran has been extracted from white snakeroot and rayless goldenrod and is reported to be the toxic substance in plant material. In this study, the three major benzofuran ketones, tremetone, dehydrotremetone, and 3-oxyangeloyl-tremetone, were isolated from rayless goldenrod. Using these compounds as standards, a quantitative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed to measure these compounds in white snakeroot and rayless goldenrod. Concentrations of tremetone, dehydrotremetone, and 3-oxyangeloyl-tremetone were found to vary considerably among the different white snakeroot and rayless goldenrod plant collections. Differences in concentrations of tremetone, dehydrotremetone, and 3-oxyangeloyl-tremetone in white snakeroot and rayless goldenrod plants may explain the historical sporadic and unpredictable toxicity of these plants to livestock and humans. JF - Journal of agricultural and food chemistry AU - Lee, Stephen T AU - Davis, T Zane AU - Gardner, Dale R AU - Stegelmeier, Bryan L AU - Evans, Tim J AD - United States Department of Agriculture, Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, Logan, Utah 84341, USA. stephen.lee@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/06/24/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Jun 24 SP - 5639 EP - 5643 VL - 57 IS - 12 KW - Benzofurans KW - 0 KW - Ketones KW - Index Medicus KW - Ketones -- analysis KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid -- methods KW - Asteraceae -- chemistry KW - Benzofurans -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67394150?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+agricultural+and+food+chemistry&rft.atitle=Quantitative+method+for+the+measurement+of+three+benzofuran+ketones+in+rayless+goldenrod+%28Isocoma+pluriflora%29+and+white+snakeroot+%28Ageratina+altissima%29+by+high-performance+liquid+chromatography+%28HPLC%29.&rft.au=Lee%2C+Stephen+T%3BDavis%2C+T+Zane%3BGardner%2C+Dale+R%3BStegelmeier%2C+Bryan+L%3BEvans%2C+Tim+J&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2009-06-24&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=5639&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+agricultural+and+food+chemistry&rft.issn=1520-5118&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fjf900781j LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-09-10 N1 - Date created - 2009-06-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf900781j ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - "Swine influenza: A constantly changing and re-emerging virus" T2 - 14th Annual Symposium of the Australian Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians (WAVLD 2009) AN - 42114562; 5141100 JF - 14th Annual Symposium of the Australian Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians (WAVLD 2009) AU - Thacker, Eileen Y1 - 2009/06/17/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Jun 17 KW - Influenza KW - Swine influenza KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42114562?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=14th+Annual+Symposium+of+the+Australian+Association+of+Veterinary+Laboratory+Diagnosticians+%28WAVLD+2009%29&rft.atitle=%22Swine+influenza%3A+A+constantly+changing+and+re-emerging+virus%22&rft.au=Thacker%2C+Eileen&rft.aulast=Thacker&rft.aufirst=Eileen&rft.date=2009-06-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=14th+Annual+Symposium+of+the+Australian+Association+of+Veterinary+Laboratory+Diagnosticians+%28WAVLD+2009%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.wavld2009.com/programme.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quasi-biennial corn yield cycles in Iowa AN - 20481030; 9176654 AB - Quasi-biennial cycles are often reported in climate studies. The interannual El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) are two phenomena containing quasi-periodicities of approximately 2.5 and 2.2 years. It is known that ENSO affects corn yield through weather patterns, NAO affects surface temperature and cloudiness, and surface temperature, rainfall, and radiation affect corn yield. However, a quasi-biennial pattern in corn yield and the combined effect of several climate signals on long-term U.S. corn yield are not known. Here we show statistically significant 2-3 year periods in long-term corn yield from one of the world's most important corn producing regions. High (low) yields are due in part to high (low) surface radiation and low (high) temperature early in the corn growing season coupled with sufficient (insufficient) rainfall later in the growing season. A statistical model we developed using three climate indices accounts for 54% of the interannual variation in Iowa corn yield. The most significant periodicities found in the model's spectrum are similar to the quasi-biennial periodicities in observed corn yield. We classify Iowa corn yield from several regional datasets (1960-2006) for 'low yield' and 'high yield' conditions as predicted by the model. The difference between observed corn yields for 'high' and 'low' yielding years was 19% (p=0.0001). The results demonstrate a quasi-biennial pattern in long-term Iowa corn yield related to large-scale climate variability. This knowledge could lead to models that help guide springtime agricultural management decisions that improve profitability and reduce nitrate flux to groundwater, streams, rivers, and coastal oceans. JF - Agricultural and Forest Meteorology AU - Malone, R W AU - Meek, D W AU - Hatfield, J L AU - Mann, ME AU - Jaquis, R J AU - Ma, L AD - National Soil Tilth Laboratory, 2110 University Boulevard, Ames, IA 50011, United States, rob.malone@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/06/15/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Jun 15 SP - 1087 EP - 1094 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 149 IS - 6-7 SN - 0168-1923, 0168-1923 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - North Atlantic Oscillation KW - Surface temperatures KW - Rainfall KW - Corn yield KW - crop yield KW - Statistical analysis KW - Forests KW - Streams KW - corn KW - High temperatures KW - Climatic variability KW - Radiation KW - El Nino KW - Economics KW - Periodicities KW - Cloudiness KW - southern oscillation KW - Meteorology KW - Rivers KW - Weather KW - Mathematical models KW - Growing season KW - Climate models KW - Nitrates KW - Temperature KW - Southern Oscillation KW - Interannual variability KW - USA, Iowa KW - Oceans KW - Coastal oceanography KW - El Nino-Southern Oscillation event KW - Groundwater KW - AN, North Atlantic, North Atlantic Oscillation KW - high temperature KW - M2 556.38:Groundwater Basins (556.38) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20481030?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agricultural+and+Forest+Meteorology&rft.atitle=Quasi-biennial+corn+yield+cycles+in+Iowa&rft.au=Malone%2C+R+W%3BMeek%2C+D+W%3BHatfield%2C+J+L%3BMann%2C+ME%3BJaquis%2C+R+J%3BMa%2C+L&rft.aulast=Malone&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2009-06-15&rft.volume=149&rft.issue=6-7&rft.spage=1087&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agricultural+and+Forest+Meteorology&rft.issn=01681923&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.agrformet.2009.01.009 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; North Atlantic Oscillation; Surface temperatures; Climate models; Growing season; Corn yield; Statistical analysis; Southern Oscillation; High temperatures; Interannual variability; Radiation; Climatic variability; El Nino-Southern Oscillation event; Coastal oceanography; Cloudiness; Periodicities; Weather; Mathematical models; Nitrates; Rainfall; crop yield; Temperature; Forests; Streams; corn; El Nino; Oceans; Economics; southern oscillation; Meteorology; Groundwater; high temperature; USA, Iowa; AN, North Atlantic, North Atlantic Oscillation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2009.01.009 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Expression profile of toll-like receptors within the gastrointestinal tract of 2-day-old Salmonella enteriditis-infected broiler chickens AN - 20634843; 9374217 AB - Salmonella enterica serovar Enteriditis (SE) causes a majority of foodborne illness in the U.S. A more productive avian innate immune response could reduce bacterial colonization and the incidence of infection in humans. However, quantification and comparison of the toll-like receptors (TLR), a component of the innate immune system that recognize bacterial pathogens, and their response to SE colonization across the avian gastrointestinal (GI) tract has not been reported. Therefore, we assessed these changes using real- time qRT-PCR to measure expression of TLR 1LA, 2A, 2B, 3, 4, 5, 7, 15, and 21 in the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecal tonsil, ceca, and large intestine of uninfected and SE-infected 2-day-old broiler chickens. Samples were collected soon after hatch to approximate natural SE exposure and to measure initial changes in the immune response to infection. All TLRs had measurable expression within the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecal tonsil, ceca, and large intestine. The general expression pattern, with the exception of TLR 21, showed distal GI segments had higher TLR mRNA expression than proximal segments. Infected chickens had increased expression of TLR 1LA, 2A, 4, and 15 in distal GI segments and upregulation of TLR 2B, 3, and 15 in proximal segments, including the duodenum. Interestingly, SE-infection caused downregulation of TLR 5, with no change in TLR 7 or 21. Overall, we provide a comprehensive report of mRNA expression profiles for the TLR family of innate immune receptors in the GI tract of 2-day-old broilers and their differential response to SE colonization. JF - Veterinary Microbiology AU - MacKinnon, K M AU - He, H AU - Nerren, J R AU - Swaggerty, CL AU - Genovese, K J AU - Kogut, M H AD - USDA-ARS Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, 2881 F&B Road, College Station, TX 77845, United States, kathryn.mackinnon@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/06/12/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Jun 12 SP - 313 EP - 319 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 137 IS - 3-4 SN - 0378-1135, 0378-1135 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Immunology Abstracts KW - Toll-like receptor KW - Gene expression KW - Intestine KW - Innate immunity KW - Salmonella KW - Bacteria KW - Avian. KW - Poultry KW - immune system KW - Duodenum KW - Food KW - Large intestine KW - Ileum KW - Pathogens KW - Infection KW - food-borne diseases KW - colonization KW - Colonization KW - USA KW - Tonsil KW - Salmonella enterica KW - Jejunum KW - infection KW - Cecum KW - Immune response KW - Gastrointestinal tract KW - Toll-like receptors KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology KW - J 02350:Immunology KW - F 06910:Microorganisms & Parasites KW - H 4000:Food and Drugs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20634843?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Veterinary+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Expression+profile+of+toll-like+receptors+within+the+gastrointestinal+tract+of+2-day-old+Salmonella+enteriditis-infected+broiler+chickens&rft.au=MacKinnon%2C+K+M%3BHe%2C+H%3BNerren%2C+J+R%3BSwaggerty%2C+CL%3BGenovese%2C+K+J%3BKogut%2C+M+H&rft.aulast=MacKinnon&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2009-06-12&rft.volume=137&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=313&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Veterinary+Microbiology&rft.issn=03781135&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.vetmic.2009.01.024 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Poultry; Duodenum; Food; Large intestine; Pathogens; Ileum; Infection; Gene expression; Colonization; Tonsil; Jejunum; Cecum; Gastrointestinal tract; Immune response; Toll-like receptors; immune system; infection; food-borne diseases; colonization; Salmonella enterica; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2009.01.024 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Sustainability of Brazilian Biofuels: An Economic, Social and Environmental Analysis T2 - XXVIII International Congress of the Latin American Studies Association (LASA 2009) AN - 40326462; 5253564 JF - XXVIII International Congress of the Latin American Studies Association (LASA 2009) AU - Zahniser, Steven AU - Valdes, Constanza Y1 - 2009/06/11/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Jun 11 KW - Economics KW - Fuel technology KW - Sustainability KW - Biofuels KW - Resource management KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40326462?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=XXVIII+International+Congress+of+the+Latin+American+Studies+Association+%28LASA+2009%29&rft.atitle=Sustainability+of+Brazilian+Biofuels%3A+An+Economic%2C+Social+and+Environmental+Analysis&rft.au=Zahniser%2C+Steven%3BValdes%2C+Constanza&rft.aulast=Zahniser&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2009-06-11&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=XXVIII+International+Congress+of+the+Latin+American+Studies+Association+%28LASA+2009%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://lasa.international.pitt.edu/eng/lasa2009_archive/files/LASA2009 _Program_Final.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil depth and tillage effects on glyphosate degradation. AN - 67316799; 19408929 AB - The use of glyphosate-resistant crops facilitated the widespread adoption of no-tillage (NT) cropping systems. The experimental objectives were to determine glyphosate sorption, mineralization, and persistence at two depths [0-2 cm (A) and 2-10 cm (B)] in a silt loam managed under long-term conventional tillage (CT) or NT soybean. Relative to the other soils, organic carbon (OC) and fluorescein diacetate (FDA) hydrolytic activity were at least 1.4-fold higher in NT-A. Glyphosate K(d) values ranged from 78.2 to 48.1 and were not correlated with OC. Cumulative glyphosate mineralized after 35 days was highest in NT-A soil (70%), intermediate in CT-A and CT-B (63%), and least in NT-B (51%). Mineralization was positively correlated with OC and FDA activity, but negatively correlated with K(d), indicating that sorption decreased bioavailability. Independent of tillage and depth, the half-lives for 0.01 N CaCl(2) and 0.1 N NaOH extractable residues (bioavailable residues and residues bound to iron and aluminum oxides, respectively) were 62%) only on azalea and holly bush vegetation. Knockdown counts 24 h after exposure demonstrated that residual efficacy of bifenthrin was highest on azalea, with >77% mortality for up to 35 days. Additional bioassays revealed significant differences in the knockdown rates of male, female, gravid, and blood-fed Ae. albopictus exposed to residual bifenthrin treatments, with the highest knockdown observed on the day of and 7 days after treatment. JF - Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association AU - Doyle, Melissa A AU - Kline, Daniel L AU - Allan, Sandra A AU - Kaufman, Phillip E AD - United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Center for Medical, Agricultural, and Veterinary Entomology, 1600 SW 23rd Drive, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA. Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 179 EP - 183 VL - 25 IS - 2 SN - 8756-971X, 8756-971X KW - Insecticides KW - 0 KW - Pesticide Residues KW - Pyrethrins KW - bifenthrin KW - 6B66JED0KN KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Plants KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Female KW - Mosquito Control -- methods KW - Aedes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67552947?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Mosquito+Control+Association&rft.atitle=Efficacy+of+residual+bifenthrin+applied+to+landscape+vegetation+against+Aedes+albopictus.&rft.au=Doyle%2C+Melissa+A%3BKline%2C+Daniel+L%3BAllan%2C+Sandra+A%3BKaufman%2C+Phillip+E&rft.aulast=Doyle&rft.aufirst=Melissa&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=179&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Mosquito+Control+Association&rft.issn=8756971X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-09-03 N1 - Date created - 2009-08-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity comparison of eight repellents against four species of female mosquitoes. AN - 67551652; 19653498 AB - The relative toxicities of 8 repellents (DMP, Rutgers 612, DEET, IR3535, Picardin, PMD, AI3-35765, and AI3-37220) were evaluated by topical application against females of Aedes aegypti, Culex quinquefasciatus, Anopheles quadrimaculatus, and An. albimanus. Based on 24-h LD50 values, the most toxic repellent against all 4 mosquito species was AI3-37220, with values of 0.25, 0.20, 0.16, and 0.11 microg/mg for the listed 4 mosquito species, respectively. The least toxic of the 8 repellents tested was DMP, with LD50 values of 5.40, 4.72, 2.50, and 1.83 microg/mg, respectively. Based on the 24-h LD50 values, An. albimanus was the most susceptible species. The findings of the study reported herein provide a comprehensive examination of the toxicities of 4 currently used, 2 formerly used, and 2 experimental repellents against 4 mosquito species. JF - Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association AU - Pridgeon, Julia W AU - Bernier, Ulrich R AU - Becnel, James J AD - Center for Medical, Agricultural, and Veterinary Entomology, USDA-ARS, 1600 SW 23rd Drive, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA. Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 168 EP - 173 VL - 25 IS - 2 SN - 8756-971X, 8756-971X KW - Insect Repellents KW - 0 KW - Insecticides KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Mosquito Control KW - Female KW - Insecticides -- chemistry KW - Insect Repellents -- chemistry KW - Culicidae UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67551652?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Mosquito+Control+Association&rft.atitle=Toxicity+comparison+of+eight+repellents+against+four+species+of+female+mosquitoes.&rft.au=Pridgeon%2C+Julia+W%3BBernier%2C+Ulrich+R%3BBecnel%2C+James+J&rft.aulast=Pridgeon&rft.aufirst=Julia&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=168&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Mosquito+Control+Association&rft.issn=8756971X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-09-03 N1 - Date created - 2009-08-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of bait age and prior protein feeding on cumulative time-dependent mortality of Anastrepha ludens (Diptera: Tephritidae) exposed to GF-120 spinosad baits. AN - 67500951; 19610432 AB - A fruit fly bait to attract and kill adult fruit flies, GF-120, was tested in cages to determine effects of pretreatment diet and bait aging before use on cumulative mortality rates of Mexican fruit fly, Anastrepha ludens (Loew) (Diptera: Tephritidae). Protein-starved and protein-fed, 9-d-old flies both experienced varying overall cumulative mortality at 4, 8, 24, and 48 h. Pretreatment diet had no significant effect on mortality. Overall mortality rates were below 10% for 4 h, 39-43% at 8 h, but mortality in all treatments increased to 89-93% by 24 h, and 99% by 48 h. In a second experiment, GF-120 baits were either freshly prepared or aged for 24 h. Subtreatments consisted of protein-fed and protein-starved flies. The 24-h-aged bait killed significantly more flies at 4 and 8 h than the freshly prepared bait. Protein-starved flies had significantly higher mortality at 4 h and marginally higher mortality at 8 h than protein-fed flies. At 24 and 48 h, there were no significant differences among treatments, and overall morality rose to 99-100% by 48 h. These results may explain differences noted in previous publications in which fruit fly mortality to GF-120 was reported as unusually low as well as reports of bait ineffectiveness for protein-fed flies. The overall impact of any initial repellency of GF-120 seems negligible as judged by overall cumulative mortality at later evaluation times. JF - Journal of economic entomology AU - Mangan, Robert L AD - USDA-ARS Crop Quality and Fruit Insects Research Unit, Kika de la Garza Subtropical Agricultural Research Center, 2413 E. Highway 83, Weslaco, TX 78596, USA. robert.mangan@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 1157 EP - 1163 VL - 102 IS - 3 SN - 0022-0493, 0022-0493 KW - Dietary Proteins KW - 0 KW - Drug Combinations KW - Insecticides KW - Macrolides KW - spinosad KW - XPA88EAP6V KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Mexico KW - Dietary Proteins -- metabolism KW - Time Factors KW - Insecticides -- toxicity KW - Tephritidae -- metabolism KW - Tephritidae -- drug effects KW - Insect Control -- methods KW - Macrolides -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67500951?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+economic+entomology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+bait+age+and+prior+protein+feeding+on+cumulative+time-dependent+mortality+of+Anastrepha+ludens+%28Diptera%3A+Tephritidae%29+exposed+to+GF-120+spinosad+baits.&rft.au=Mangan%2C+Robert+L&rft.aulast=Mangan&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+economic+entomology&rft.issn=00220493&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-08-31 N1 - Date created - 2009-07-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Systemic insecticides for control of black vine weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in container- and field-grown nursery crops. AN - 67493866; 19610404 AB - Black vine weevils, Otiorhynchus sulcatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), are serious pests of container- and field-grown nursery crops. Management programs usually target the larval stage in container-grown plants and the adults in field-grown plants. We tested several new systemic insecticides for efficacy against black vine weevil in container-grown Sedum spp. and field-grown Taxus spp. In 2006 and 2007, clothianidin, dinotefuran, and chlorantraniliprole were applied as surface drenches to containerized Sedum plants, and suppression of larval densities and adult feeding were evaluated. Sedum leaf bioassays were used to further examine the influence of clothianidin, dinotefuran, and chlorantraniliprole on adult feeding. In 2006, pots were infested with adult black vine weevil 1 d after treating, and in 2007 pots were infested 1 or 43 d after treating. All three insecticides significantly reduced the numbers of larvae in 2006, but not in 2007, because of low numbers of larvae in the untreated control plants. Dinotefuran and clothianidin reduced feeding by adult black vine weevil on containerized Sedum plants, resulting in more blossoms, fewer damaged leaves, and a lower percentage of leaves damaged compared with control plants. In bioassays with detached leaves, all three insecticides reduced feeding compared with control plants. Efficacy and timing of clothianidin, imidacloprid, and acephate soil drenches and imidacloprid and acephate soil injections were evaluated for black vine weevil control over a 1-yr period in field-grown Taxus plants. All insecticide treatments significantly reduced the numbers of larvae in field-grown Taxus plants compared with control plants; and all but the spring acephate drench improved the appearance of the Taxus (foliar rating) plants compared with untreated plants. All of the tested insecticides showed potential for preventing infestations of black vine weevil larvae and reducing feeding by the adults in ornamental plants. JF - Journal of economic entomology AU - Reding, Michael E AU - Persad, Anand B AD - USDA-ARS, Application Technology Research Unit, Horticultural Insects Research Group, 1680 Madison Av., Wooster, OH 44691, USA. mike.reding@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 927 EP - 933 VL - 102 IS - 3 SN - 0022-0493, 0022-0493 KW - Guanidines KW - 0 KW - Insecticides KW - Nitro Compounds KW - Thiazoles KW - chlorantranilipole KW - ortho-Aminobenzoates KW - dinotefuran KW - 165252-70-0 KW - ((E)-1-(2-chloro-1,3-thiazol-5-ylmethyl)-3-methyl-2-nitroguanidine) KW - 2V9906ABKQ KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Analysis of Variance KW - ortho-Aminobenzoates -- toxicity KW - Nitro Compounds -- toxicity KW - Thiazoles -- toxicity KW - Guanidines -- toxicity KW - Insecticides -- toxicity KW - Crops, Agricultural -- parasitology KW - Agriculture -- methods KW - Insect Control -- methods KW - Weevils -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67493866?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+economic+entomology&rft.atitle=Systemic+insecticides+for+control+of+black+vine+weevil+%28Coleoptera%3A+Curculionidae%29+in+container-+and+field-grown+nursery+crops.&rft.au=Reding%2C+Michael+E%3BPersad%2C+Anand+B&rft.aulast=Reding&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S125&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-08-31 N1 - Date created - 2009-07-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methyl bromide as a quarantine treatment for Chlorophorus annularis (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in raw bamboo poles. AN - 67493756; 19610402 AB - At least 26 different species of insects of quarantine significance were intercepted from 1985 to 2005 on bamboo (Bambusa spp.) garden stakes from China. Three fifths of the live insects were cerambycids in nine genera, including Chlorophorus annularis F., the bamboo borer. The current APHIS-PPQ treatment is fumigation schedule T404-d, which requires high doses of methyl bromide (MeBr) for 24 h. No specific fumigation data exist for C. annularis. Chinese and American quarantine scientists cooperated in testing to determine whether this schedule, or lower doses, would be effective as a quarantine treatment for C. annularis infesting dried bamboo poles. A lower dose based on APHIS tests for solid wood packing (SWP) failed (3/511 survivors) at 56 g/m3 for 24 h at 10.0 degrees C. We therefore tested five progressive doses at five temperatures intermediate between the lower SWP schedule and the much higher applied doses (e.g., 120 g/m3 for 24 h at 10.0 degrees C) of schedule T404-d. Fumigations of infested bamboo poles conducted in 403.2-liter chambers with 52% vol:vol loading at doses of 48, 64, 80, 96, and 112 g/m3 at 26.7, 21.1, 15.6, 10.0, and 4.4 degrees C, respectively (20 total replicates, with 4 replicates per dose), had no survivors among 2,847 larvae, 140 pupae, and 122 adults. Control replicates (three) had a total of 455 live stages (397 larvae, 31 pupae, and 27 adults). Tests conducted with a sea/land cargo container loaded to 80% capacity with bamboo poles verified the ability of the schedule to maintain effective concentrations over 24 h in commercial-sized fumigations. We propose a new bamboo quarantine treatment schedule at reduced rates of applied MeBr. JF - Journal of economic entomology AU - Barak, Alan V AU - Weidong, Yang AU - Daojian, Yu AU - Yi, Jiao AU - Lin, Kang AU - Zhilin, Chen AU - Xingyuan, Ling AU - Guoping, Zhan AD - USDA-APHIS-PPQ, Pest Survey, Detection and Exclusion Laboratory, Building 1398, Otis ANGB, MA 02542-5008, USA. al.barak@aphis.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 913 EP - 920 VL - 102 IS - 3 SN - 0022-0493, 0022-0493 KW - Hydrocarbons, Brominated KW - 0 KW - methyl bromide KW - 9V42E1Z7B6 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Temperature KW - Beetles -- physiology KW - Commerce -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Sasa -- parasitology KW - Fumigation -- methods KW - Insect Control -- methods KW - Hydrocarbons, Brominated -- toxicity KW - Beetles -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67493756?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Triticum+mosaic+virus%3A+A+distinct+member+of+the+family+Potyviridae+with+an+unusually+long+leader+sequence&rft.au=Tatineni%2C+S%3BZiems%2C+AD%3BWegulo%2C+S+W%3BFrench%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Tatineni&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-08-31 N1 - Date created - 2009-07-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Campylobacter coli naturally resistant to elevated levels of gentamicin as a marker strain in poultry research. AN - 67493621; 19610342 AB - Campylobacter inoculation studies are limited without a suitable marker strain. The lurpose of this study was to screen Campylobacter strains (n=2073) obtained from poultry carcass rinses through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Antimicrobial Resistant Monitoring System for resistance to gentamicin and evaluate one strain's efficacy as a marker. A C. coli strain was found resistant to gentamicin at >32 microg/ml. Gentamicin was incorporated into media (Campy-Cefex agar, Brucella agar, and blood agar) from 0 to 1000 microg/ml, and the upper level of gentamicin resistance was determined. C. coli strain's upper level of growth on Campy-Cefex plates, blood agar plates, and Brucella agar plates was 400, 300, and 200 pg/ml, respectively. Ceca and postpick carcass rinses were obtained and streaked onto Campy-Cefex agar at the above gentamicin levels to evaluate background microflora exclusion. Campy-Cefex agar containing gentamicin at 100 ag/ml prevented from the ceca, and reduced from the rinse, background microflora. The C. coli strain was orally or intracloacally inoculated into chicks. At 1, 3, and 6 weeks of age, inoculated broilers were removed and several tissue types sampled for the presence of the marker strain. At 6 weeks of age, 10 additional noninoculated penmates were sampled. The C. coli strain colonized chicks, disseminated to body tissues, colonized penmates, and persisted throughout the 6-week grow-out. The C. coli strain's unique characteristic, being resistant to high levels of gentamicin, allows for a marker that can be used in a wide range of Campylobacter research projects. JF - Journal of food protection AU - Cox, N A AU - Richardson, L J AU - Berrang, M E AU - Fedorka-Cray, R J AU - Buhr, R J AD - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Poultry Microbiology Safety Research Unit, Russell Research Center, 950 College Station Road, Athens, Georgia 30605, USA. nelson.cox@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 1288 EP - 1292 VL - 72 IS - 6 SN - 0362-028X, 0362-028X KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents KW - 0 KW - Culture Media KW - Gentamicins KW - Agar KW - 9002-18-0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Food Microbiology KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Food Contamination -- analysis KW - Colony Count, Microbial KW - Culture Media -- chemistry KW - Campylobacter coli -- drug effects KW - Drug Resistance, Bacterial -- genetics KW - Chickens -- microbiology KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents -- pharmacology KW - Gentamicins -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67493621?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.atitle=Campylobacter+coli+naturally+resistant+to+elevated+levels+of+gentamicin+as+a+marker+strain+in+poultry+research.&rft.au=Cox%2C+N+A%3BRichardson%2C+L+J%3BBerrang%2C+M+E%3BFedorka-Cray%2C+R+J%3BBuhr%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Cox&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1288&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.issn=0362028X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-09-01 N1 - Date created - 2009-07-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prevalence and enumeration of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella in U.S. abattoirs that process fewer than 1000 head of cattle per day. AN - 67493483; 19610339 AB - A significant portion (15 to 20%) of beef in the United States is produced in small beef processing plants that harvest fewer than 1000 cattle per day. However, there are little data on the prevalence and levels of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella in these processing plants. To address this lack of data, hides (n=1995) and carcasses (n=1995) of cattle at seven small processing plants located across the United States were analyzed for E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella. Across all plants, hide prevalence of E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella was 71 and 91%, respectively. Twelve percent of hides had E. coli O157:H7 at enumerable levels (> or =40 CFU/100 cm2), while 36% of hides had Salmonella at enumerable levels. Across all plants, the prevalence of E. coli O157:H7 on preevisceration carcasses was 33%, with 2% at an enumerable level (> or = 0.8 CFU/ 100 cm2). Across all plants, Salmonella prevalence on preevisceration carcasses was 58%, with 8% at an enumerable level. Significant plant-to-plant variations in levels and prevalence of pathogens on carcasses were detected. Reduced levels of pathogens on carcasses were noted among small processors that had incorporated a hide-directed intervention. The results obtained are comparable to those observed previously for larger processors, showing that smaller beef processors face and address the same challenges as do larger beef processors. JF - Journal of food protection AU - Bosilevac, Joseph M AU - Arthur, Terrance M AU - Bono, James L AU - Brichta-Harhay, Dayna M AU - Kalchayanand, Norasak AU - King, David A AU - Shackelford, Steve D AU - Wheeler, Tommy L AU - Koohmaraie, Mohammad AD - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, Nebraska 68933-0166, USA. mick.bosilevac@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 1272 EP - 1278 VL - 72 IS - 6 SN - 0362-028X, 0362-028X KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Colony Count, Microbial KW - Meat -- microbiology KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Hair -- microbiology KW - Prevalence KW - Abattoirs -- statistics & numerical data KW - Food-Processing Industry -- statistics & numerical data KW - Cattle -- microbiology KW - Escherichia coli O157 -- isolation & purification KW - Food-Processing Industry -- standards KW - Food Contamination -- analysis KW - Salmonella -- isolation & purification KW - Abattoirs -- standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67493483?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.atitle=Prevalence+and+enumeration+of+Escherichia+coli+O157%3AH7+and+Salmonella+in+U.S.+abattoirs+that+process+fewer+than+1000+head+of+cattle+per+day.&rft.au=Bosilevac%2C+Joseph+M%3BArthur%2C+Terrance+M%3BBono%2C+James+L%3BBrichta-Harhay%2C+Dayna+M%3BKalchayanand%2C+Norasak%3BKing%2C+David+A%3BShackelford%2C+Steve+D%3BWheeler%2C+Tommy+L%3BKoohmaraie%2C+Mohammad&rft.aulast=Bosilevac&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1272&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.issn=0362028X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-09-01 N1 - Date created - 2009-07-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prevalence rates of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella at different sampling sites on cattle hides at a feedlot and processing plant. AN - 67493249; 19610338 AB - The prevalence rates of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella at different sampling sites on cattle hides were determined at a feedlot and a processing plant. Sponge samples were collected from six hide surface sites at the feedlot (left and right shoulders, left and right ribs, back, and belly) and four sites at the processing plant (left and right shoulders, back, and belly). The prevalence of E. coli O157:H7 was approximately 80% for left and right shoulder and rib samples, 68% for back samples, and 92% for belly samples collected at the feedlot. At the processing plant, the prevalences of E. coli O157:H7 at all four sites were between 76 and 79%. Salmonella prevalence in feedlot samples was too low to allow for accurate analysis. The prevalence of Salmonella at processing was 49% for left shoulder samples, 48% for right shoulder samples, 40% for back samples, and 68% for belly samples. The results of this study indicate that the site most likely to be naturally contaminated with E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella simultaneously was the belly. JF - Journal of food protection AU - Kalchayanand, Norasak AU - Brichta-Harhay, Dayna M AU - Arthur, Terrance M AU - Bosilevac, Joseph M AU - Guerini, Michael N AU - Wheeler, Tommy L AU - Shackelford, Steven D AU - Koohmaraie, Mohammad AD - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, Nebraska 68933-0166, USA. norasak.kalchayanand@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 1267 EP - 1271 VL - 72 IS - 6 SN - 0362-028X, 0362-028X KW - Index Medicus KW - Skin -- microbiology KW - Food Contamination -- prevention & control KW - Animals KW - Food Microbiology KW - Seasons KW - Food Contamination -- analysis KW - Colony Count, Microbial KW - Hair -- microbiology KW - Prevalence KW - Environmental Microbiology KW - Cattle -- microbiology KW - Escherichia coli O157 -- isolation & purification KW - Animal Husbandry KW - Salmonella -- isolation & purification KW - Food-Processing Industry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67493249?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.atitle=Prevalence+rates+of+Escherichia+coli+O157%3AH7+and+Salmonella+at+different+sampling+sites+on+cattle+hides+at+a+feedlot+and+processing+plant.&rft.au=Kalchayanand%2C+Norasak%3BBrichta-Harhay%2C+Dayna+M%3BArthur%2C+Terrance+M%3BBosilevac%2C+Joseph+M%3BGuerini%2C+Michael+N%3BWheeler%2C+Tommy+L%3BShackelford%2C+Steven+D%3BKoohmaraie%2C+Mohammad&rft.aulast=Kalchayanand&rft.aufirst=Norasak&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1267&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.issn=0362028X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-09-01 N1 - Date created - 2009-07-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The biogeographical distribution of duncecap larkspur (Delphinium occidentale) chemotypes and their potential toxicity. AN - 67451697; 19459011 AB - Larkspurs (Delphinium spp.) are poisonous plants found on rangelands in western North America. Larkspur's toxicity has been attributed to the norditerpenoid alkaloids, which are divided into two main structural groups: the highly toxic (N-methylsuccinimido) anthranoyllycoctonine type (MSAL type) and the less toxic 7,8-methylenedioxylycoctonine type (MDL type). Plants high in the MSAL-type alkaloids are thought to be the most toxic to cattle, and the concentrations of these alkaloids have been used as a predictor of plant toxicity. Duncecap larkspur, Delphinium occidentale, occurs throughout much of the Intermountain West and Northwestern United States. Specimens from field collections and herbaria deposits were evaluated taxonomically and chemically. Two distinct alkaloid profiles were identified: one that contains the MSAL-type alkaloids and one that contains little, if any, MSAL-type alkaloids. Thus, plants with these two alkaloid profiles should differ in their toxic potential. Each profile was unique in its geographical distribution. These findings have important implications in grazing management decisions on D. occidentale-infested rangelands, and they demonstrate that botanical classification alone is not a good indicator to determine the toxic risk of D. occidentale. JF - Journal of chemical ecology AU - Cook, Daniel AU - Gardner, Dale R AU - Pfister, James A AU - Welch, Kevin D AU - Green, Benedict T AU - Lee, Stephen T AD - Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 1150 E. 1400N., Logan, UT 84341, USA. daniel.cook@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 643 EP - 652 VL - 35 IS - 6 KW - Alkaloids KW - 0 KW - Diterpenes KW - methyllycaconitine KW - 21019-30-7 KW - Aconitine KW - X8YN71D5WC KW - Index Medicus KW - Plants, Toxic -- chemistry KW - Diterpenes -- toxicity KW - Aconitine -- toxicity KW - Aconitine -- chemistry KW - Geography KW - Aconitine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Diterpenes -- chemistry KW - Alkaloids -- chemistry KW - Alkaloids -- toxicity KW - Delphinium -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67451697?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+chemical+ecology&rft.atitle=The+biogeographical+distribution+of+duncecap+larkspur+%28Delphinium+occidentale%29+chemotypes+and+their+potential+toxicity.&rft.au=Cook%2C+Daniel%3BGardner%2C+Dale+R%3BPfister%2C+James+A%3BWelch%2C+Kevin+D%3BGreen%2C+Benedict+T%3BLee%2C+Stephen+T&rft.aulast=Cook&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=643&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+chemical+ecology&rft.issn=1573-1561&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10886-009-9637-1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-09-21 N1 - Date created - 2009-07-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10886-009-9637-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reversed phase liquid chromatography trace analysis of pesticides in soil by on-column sample pumping large volume injection and UV detection. AN - 67427318; 19548212 AB - The idea of utilization of one hydraulic line of a common commercial HPLC pump for direct on-column sample pumping injection of large sample volumes, 20 mL, was further investigated with the aim to develop multicomponent pesticides trace residues HPLC method in gram soil samples. Target pesticides group involve asulam, atrazine, 2,4-D, PCA, propazine, simazine, 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic acid, 2-(4-chloro-2-tolyloxy) propionic acid, chlortoluron, metoxuron, epoxiconazole. The results proved the applicability of this approach in experiments with mixtures of analytes at low ng/mL levels. Analysis of 20 mL of soil leachates and extracts of fortified soil samples containing these pesticides at the 10-50 ng/g level (in dry soil) revealed good figures of merit, also in the presence of large excess of humics. LODs achieved by detection at 220 nm evaluated from calibration runs of spiked soil extracts by Hubaux et al. method ranged from 5-12 ng per injected volume. For 20 mL large volume injection it represents 0.25-0.6 ng/mL of diluted soil extract, or 2.5-6 ng/mL of crude extract, or 6-5 ng/g dry soil. Recoveries of pesticides at concentration levels approaching half of maximum allowable concentration of pesticides in soil (100 ng/g) ranged from 85 to 98% with acceptable reproducibility, except asulam and metoxuron. JF - Journal of separation science AU - Hutta, Milan AU - Chalányová, Mária AU - Halko, Radoslav AU - Góra, Róbert AU - Dokupilová, Svetlana AU - Rybár, Ivan AD - Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia. hutta@fns.uniba.sk Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 2034 EP - 2042 VL - 32 IS - 12 KW - Pesticides KW - 0 KW - Soil KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Green Chemistry Technology -- instrumentation KW - Reference Standards KW - Green Chemistry Technology -- standards KW - Green Chemistry Technology -- methods KW - Calibration KW - Pesticides -- analysis KW - Chromatography, Liquid -- methods KW - Chromatography, Liquid -- instrumentation KW - Soil -- analysis KW - Chromatography, Liquid -- standards KW - Flow Injection Analysis -- instrumentation KW - Soil Pollutants -- analysis KW - Flow Injection Analysis -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67427318?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+separation+science&rft.atitle=Reversed+phase+liquid+chromatography+trace+analysis+of+pesticides+in+soil+by+on-column+sample+pumping+large+volume+injection+and+UV+detection.&rft.au=Hutta%2C+Milan%3BChal%C3%A1nyov%C3%A1%2C+M%C3%A1ria%3BHalko%2C+Radoslav%3BG%C3%B3ra%2C+R%C3%B3bert%3BDokupilov%C3%A1%2C+Svetlana%3BRyb%C3%A1r%2C+Ivan&rft.aulast=Hutta&rft.aufirst=Milan&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=2034&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+separation+science&rft.issn=1615-9314&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fjssc.200900036 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-09-14 N1 - Date created - 2009-06-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jssc.200900036 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - PCR detection of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O145 in food by targeting genes in the E. coli O145 O-antigen gene cluster and the shiga toxin 1 and shiga toxin 2 genes. AN - 67395591; 19435408 AB - Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains belonging to serogroup O145 are an important cause of hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome worldwide. Cattle and other animals are potential reservoirs for this pathogen. To develop PCR assays for detection and identification of E. coli O145, the wzx (O-antigen flippase) and wzy (O-antigen polymerase) genes in the O145 O-antigen gene cluster that are specific for this serogroup were selected as targets. Oligonucleotide primers complementary to regions in the E. coli O145 wzx and wzy genes were designed to perform PCR assays with DNA from strains of E. coli O145, non-O145 E. coli serogroups, and other bacterial genera. The assays were highly specific for E. coli O145. A multiplex PCR assay targeting the E. coli O145 wzx and wzy genes and the Shiga toxin 1 (stx(1)) and Shiga toxin 2 (stx(2)) genes and a real-time multiplex PCR assay targeting the O145 wzy, stx(1), and stx(2) genes were developed for detection of STEC O145. The assays were used for detecting STEC O145 in seeded ground beef, lettuce, and raw milk initially inoculated with ca. 2, 20, or 200 CFU/25 g or 25 mL after 8 or 20 h of enrichment at 42 degrees C in modified EC broth containing 20 mg/L of novobiocin. STEC O145 was detected in all samples inoculated with 2 CFU/25 g or 25 mL. The detection limit of the multiplex PCR assays was or= 7.1 log(10) cfu/strip reduction of all 3 pathogens. For nonmarinated jerky strips that were inoculated with E. coli O157:H7 or L. monocytogenes and cooked-dried at 82.2 degrees C (180 degrees F), a reduction of >or= 7.4 log(10) cfu/strip was observed, whereas for strips that were inoculated with Salmonella, a reduction of >or= 6.8 log(10) cfu/strip was observed. Cooking-drying nonmarinated turkey breast strips at 73.8 degrees C (165 degrees F) for 3.5 h resulted in a reduction of ca. 7.1 to 7.6 log(10) cfu/strip for all 3 pathogens, whereas for strips that were cooked-dried for 2.5 h, a reduction of ca. 5.4 to 6.2 log(10) cfu/strip was observed. Only marinated turkey jerky that was cooked-dried for 3.5 h at 73.8 degrees C (165 degrees F) satisfied the USDA-FSIS standard of identity (moisture: protein 100 (rice field B) outflow samples. Decreases in inflow versus outflow aqueous toxicity were 77.1%-100% in rice fields compared with 18.7% in the unvegetated field. JF - Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology AU - Moore, Matthew T AU - Lizotte, Richard E AU - Kröger, Robert AD - USDA-ARS National Sedimentation Laboratory, P.O. Box 1157, Oxford, MS 38655, USA. matt.moore@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 777 EP - 780 VL - 82 IS - 6 KW - Insecticides KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Diazinon KW - YUS1M1Q929 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Crops, Agricultural KW - Oryza KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Insecticides -- toxicity KW - Diazinon -- toxicity KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - Wetlands KW - Amphipoda -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67098300?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.atitle=Efficiency+of+experimental+rice+%28Oryza+sativa+L.%29+fields+in+mitigating+diazinon+runoff+toxicity+to+Hyalella+azteca.&rft.au=Moore%2C+Matthew+T%3BLizotte%2C+Richard+E%3BKr%C3%B6ger%2C+Robert&rft.aulast=Moore&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=777&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.issn=1432-0800&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00128-009-9696-6 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-06-11 N1 - Date created - 2009-04-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00128-009-9696-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Federal Estate Taxes Affecting Fewer Farmers but the Future Is Uncertain AN - 58814189; 2008-332742 AB - The Federal estate tax affects relatively few estates and accounts for only a small share of total Federal tax receipts. Though special provisions have been enacted to limit the impact of the tax on farmers and small business owners, these groups are still more likely than the general public to owe Federal estate taxes. A larger share of farm estates could be subject to estate taxes if legislation enacted in 2001 is allowed to expire at the end of 2010. Adapted from the source document. JF - Amber Waves AU - Durst, Ron Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 10 EP - 15 PB - Economic Research Service, US Dept of Agriculture VL - 7 IS - 2 SN - 1545-8741, 1545-8741 KW - Banking and public and private finance - Taxation and tax policy KW - Agriculture and agricultural policy - Agricultural population and workers KW - Business and service sector - Business and business enterprises KW - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence KW - Inheritance and transfer tax KW - Farmers KW - Small business KW - Legislation KW - article UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58814189?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apais&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Amber+Waves&rft.atitle=Federal+Estate+Taxes+Affecting+Fewer+Farmers+but+the+Future+Is+Uncertain&rft.au=Durst%2C+Ron&rft.aulast=Durst&rft.aufirst=Ron&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=10&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Amber+Waves&rft.issn=15458741&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-06 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Inheritance and transfer tax; Farmers; Small business; Legislation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Weakening Global Economy Interrupts Agricultural Trade AN - 58813268; 2008-332744 AB - The financial sector turbulence originating in the United States has had a ripple effect worldwide, curbing economic growth in nearly every country. Slower growth and weaker currencies in emerging markets have reduced U.S. competitiveness and agricultural exports in the short term. At the same time, reduced consumer spending domestically is dampening U.S. import growth. Despite the current downturn, world food demand remains stable, and demand for U.S. exports is expected to recover as developing-country growth resumes in the longer term. Adapted from the source document. JF - Amber Waves AU - Gehlhar, Mark AU - Dohlman, Erik Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 22 EP - 29 PB - Economic Research Service, US Dept of Agriculture VL - 7 IS - 2 SN - 1545-8741, 1545-8741 KW - Trade and trade policy - Export-import trade KW - Economic conditions and policy - Economic conditions KW - Agriculture and agricultural policy - Crop management and agricultural production KW - Agriculture and agricultural policy - Processed food industries KW - United States KW - Agriculture KW - Food industry KW - Economic conditions KW - Competition KW - Export-import trade KW - article UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58813268?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apais&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Amber+Waves&rft.atitle=A+Weakening+Global+Economy+Interrupts+Agricultural+Trade&rft.au=Gehlhar%2C+Mark%3BDohlman%2C+Erik&rft.aulast=Gehlhar&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=22&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Amber+Waves&rft.issn=15458741&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-06 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Export-import trade; Economic conditions; Agriculture; Food industry; Competition; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Food Policy Check the List of Ingredients AN - 58810551; 2008-332743 AB - In their competition for health-conscious consumers, food manufacturers respond to policies targeted directly at consumers, such as nutrition information and education programs. Policy influencing the use of common ingredients in processed foods, such as trans fats, can affect diet quality for many consumers, including those who do not know or care about the healthfulness of processed food ingredients. Reformulating products to use healthier ingredients brings about changes in food production that may extend all the way to the farm. Adapted from the source document. JF - Amber Waves AU - Golan, Elise AU - Mancino, Lisa AU - Unnevehr, Laurian Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 16 EP - 21 PB - Economic Research Service, US Dept of Agriculture VL - 7 IS - 2 SN - 1545-8741, 1545-8741 KW - Health conditions and policy - Food and nutrition KW - Manufacturing and heavy industry - Container industry KW - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development KW - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence KW - Economic conditions and policy - Consumers and consumption KW - Health conditions and policy - Medicine and health care KW - Public health education KW - Labels KW - Food KW - Diet KW - Regulation KW - Nutrition KW - Consumer protection KW - article UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58810551?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apais&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Amber+Waves&rft.atitle=Food+Policy+Check+the+List+of+Ingredients&rft.au=Golan%2C+Elise%3BMancino%2C+Lisa%3BUnnevehr%2C+Laurian&rft.aulast=Golan&rft.aufirst=Elise&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S167&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-06 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Food; Labels; Regulation; Consumer protection; Nutrition; Diet; Public health education ER - TY - JOUR T1 - How Tightly Has China Embraced Market Reforms in Agriculture? AN - 58807947; 2008-332745 AB - Market-based reforms helped lift Chinese agriculture out of decades of poverty and stagnation, but vestiges of the planned economy remain. China's policymakers are experimenting with incremental reforms and market intervention as they encounter agricultural problems. Pressure from global markets could push China to go further with reforms or to retreat from global markets. Adapted from the source document. JF - Amber Waves AU - Gale, Fred AU - Lohmar, Bryan AU - Tuan, Francis Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 30 EP - 35 PB - Economic Research Service, US Dept of Agriculture VL - 7 IS - 2 SN - 1545-8741, 1545-8741 KW - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development KW - Business and service sector - Markets, marketing, and merchandising KW - Agriculture and agricultural policy - Crop management and agricultural production KW - Trade and trade policy - Export-import trade KW - Agriculture KW - Trade liberalization KW - Economic policy KW - Markets KW - China (People's Republic) KW - article UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58807947?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apais&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Amber+Waves&rft.atitle=How+Tightly+Has+China+Embraced+Market+Reforms+in+Agriculture%3F&rft.au=Gale%2C+Fred%3BLohmar%2C+Bryan%3BTuan%2C+Francis&rft.aulast=Gale&rft.aufirst=Fred&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=30&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Amber+Waves&rft.issn=15458741&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-06 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - China (People's Republic); Economic policy; Markets; Agriculture; Trade liberalization ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Innovative applications towards resolving challenges in harvesting shared metadata T2 - 30th Conference of International Associaton of Technological Universty Libaries AN - 42137860; 5145032 JF - 30th Conference of International Associaton of Technological Universty Libaries AU - Austin, Damon AU - Gardner, Melanie AU - Chapman, Vernon Y1 - 2009/06/01/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Jun 01 KW - Harvesting KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42137860?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=30th+Conference+of+International+Associaton+of+Technological+Universty+Libaries&rft.atitle=Innovative+applications+towards+resolving+challenges+in+harvesting+shared+metadata&rft.au=Austin%2C+Damon%3BGardner%2C+Melanie%3BChapman%2C+Vernon&rft.aulast=Austin&rft.aufirst=Damon&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=30th+Conference+of+International+Associaton+of+Technological+Universty+Libaries&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://wbib.kuleuven.be/iatul2009/?page=Programme LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Campylobacter Colonization of the Turkey Intestine in the Context of Microbial Community Development , AN - 21507628; 12509939 AB - Patterns of microbial community dynamics in the turkey intestine were examined. Every week of the 18-week production cycle, cecal bacterial communities and Campylobacter loads were examined from five birds for each of two flocks. Molecular fingerprinting via the automated ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis (ARISA) and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) of the cecal samples revealed that microbial communities changed in a time-dependent manner, and during both trials they developed via transition through three phases during the production cycle. A core component of the microbiota consisting of 11 Bacteroidetes types was present throughout both trials. In contrast, constant succession was detected in the Clostridiales populations until week 10 or 11, with few shared sequences between the flocks. Changes in Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli loads were correlated to, but not dependent on, the two acute transitions delimiting the three developmental phases. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Scupham, Alexandra J AD - Pre-Harvest Food Safety and Enteric Diseases Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Ames, Iowa 50010, alexandra.scupham@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 3564 EP - 3571 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA VL - 75 IS - 11 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Cecum KW - Intestine KW - Campylobacter coli KW - A 01340:Antibiotics & Antimicrobials KW - J 02450:Ecology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21507628?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Campylobacter+Colonization+of+the+Turkey+Intestine+in+the+Context+of+Microbial+Community+Development+%2C&rft.au=Scupham%2C+Alexandra+J&rft.aulast=Scupham&rft.aufirst=Alexandra&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=3564&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAEM.01409-08 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Intestine; Campylobacter coli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01409-08 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enumeration of Escherichia coli Cells on Chicken Carcasses as a Potential Measure of Microbial Process Control in a Random Selection of Slaughter Establishments in the United States AN - 21486502; 12509965 AB - To evaluate whether the number of Escherichia coli bacteria in carcass rinses from chicken slaughter establishments could be monitored for the purpose of microbial process control, we drew a random sample from 20 of 127 large USDA-inspected operations. In 2005, every 3 months, two sets of 10 carcass rinses, 100 ml each, were collected from establishments, netting 80 sample sets from the rehang and postchill stages. E. coli and Campylobacter numbers and Salmonella prevalence were measured. Mixed-effect models were used to estimate variance of mean log10 E. coli cell numbers of 10-carcass rinse sample sets. Relationships between E. coli and Campylobacter and Salmonella were examined. For 10-carcass rinse sets, at both the rehang and postchill stages the mean log10 E. coli CFU/ml fit the logistic distribution better than the normal distribution. The rehang overall mean log10 E. coli was 3.3 CFU/ml, with a within-sample set standard deviation of 0.6 CFU/ml. The overall postchill mean log10 E. coli was 0.8 CFU/ml, with 13 establishments having mean log10 E. coli CFU/ml values of less than 1.0 and 7 having mean values of 1.2 or more. At the midpoint separating these establishments, a mean log10 E. coli CFU/ml of 1.1, the within-sample set standard deviation was 0.5 CFU/ml, with smaller standard deviations as means increased. Postchill sample sets with mean log10 E. coli counts less than or equal to 1.1 CFU/ml had lower overall prevalence of Salmonella and mean log10 Campylobacter CFU/ml than sample sets with higher means. These findings regarding reductions in E. coli numbers provide insight relevant to microbial process control. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Altekruse, Sean F AU - Berrang, Mark E AU - Marks, Harry AU - Patel, Bharat AU - Shaw, William K, Jr AU - Saini, Parmesh AU - Bennett, Patricia A AU - Bailey, JStan AD - USDA, Food Safety and Inspection Service, 14th Street and Independence Avenue, Southwest, Washington, DC 20250, altekrusesf@mail.nih.gov Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 3522 EP - 3527 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA VL - 75 IS - 11 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Carcasses KW - Colony-forming cells KW - Campylobacter KW - J 02410:Animal Diseases KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21486502?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Advances+in+microbial+ecology+and+farming+systems+as+a+replacement+for+methyl+bromide+to+manage+soil+borne+diseases&rft.au=Chellemi%2C+DO&rft.aulast=Chellemi&rft.aufirst=DO&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S173&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Colony-forming cells; Campylobacter DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.02685-08 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methods of analysis for georeferenced sample counts of tarnished plant bugs in cotton AN - 21280531; 11772962 AB - The problem of analyzing georeferenced cotton pest insect samples when a large percentage of the counts are zero is examined. The use of appropriate statistical methods for their analysis is required. To demonstrate this, georeferenced samples (n=63) of tarnished plant bugs (TPBs; Lygus lineolaris [Palisot de Beauvois] (Heteroptera: Miridae)) were analyzed by three statistical methods and the results were compared. Correlation analysis of the sample counts with 25 classes of cotton growth derived from an unsupervized classification of multispectral imagery was followed by a complete enumeration analysis comprising three scenarios. The first scenario assumed the insect samples were unstratified. A distribution of sample averages was created by complete enumeration of all combinations of samples taken four at a time. The second scenario used imagery of the cotton fields to allocate the samples among three cotton growth categories (marginal, good or best) derived by a supervized classification of the 25 unsupervized classes. The insect samples associated with these categorical habitats were completely enumerated using allocations of 4, 6, 8 or 10 samples at a time from various sample sizes to determine how different allocations affected the results. The mean was not affected, but the standard deviation decreased with increased allocation sizes in all habitats. The third scenario used the two observers and three habitat categories to create six additional complete enumeration distributions by allocating four samples at a time from groups of varying sample sizes. These enumeration distributions are non-parametric estimators of the sampling distribution of: (1) the sample averages of a given sample size when samples are taken from the entire field, (2) the sample averages of a given size when samples are taken from each cotton habitat or (3) the sample averages of a given sample size from samples taken from each habitat by each observer. To support the enumeration analyses, these insect samples were analyzed further by Poisson regression models. These models showed significant differences between TPB counts by the two observers and among the habitats, whereas the observer by habitat interaction was not significant. For every combination of observer and cotton growth category, a Poisson regression model estimated the mean rate of TPB numbers. These means were similar to the corresponding modes of the complete enumeration distributions. The two non-standard methods showed that TPB numbers differed by habitat categories even though there were samples with a zero count, whereas a correlation analysis failed to identify a relationship between TPB sample counts and unsupervized habitat classes. JF - Precision Agriculture AU - Willers, J L AU - Jenkins, J N AU - McKinion, J M AU - Gerard, Pat AU - Hood, K B AU - Bassie, J R AU - Cauthen, MD AD - Genetics and Precision Agriculture Research Unit, USDA - ARS, P.O. Box 5367, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA, jeffrey.willers@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 189 EP - 212 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 10 IS - 3 SN - 1385-2256, 1385-2256 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - Cotton KW - Statistics KW - Miridae KW - Correlation analysis KW - insects KW - Habitat KW - Land use KW - Hemiptera KW - Models KW - pests KW - Standard deviation KW - Classification KW - classification KW - precision farming KW - Regression analysis KW - Sampling KW - Lygus lineolaris KW - ENA 06:Food & Drugs KW - Z 05340:Ecology and Behavior KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21280531?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Precision+Agriculture&rft.atitle=Methods+of+analysis+for+georeferenced+sample+counts+of+tarnished+plant+bugs+in+cotton&rft.au=Willers%2C+J+L%3BJenkins%2C+J+N%3BMcKinion%2C+J+M%3BGerard%2C+Pat%3BHood%2C+K+B%3BBassie%2C+J+R%3BCauthen%2C+MD&rft.aulast=Bruckart&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S175&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Standard deviation; Statistics; Cotton; Classification; Regression analysis; Sampling; Correlation analysis; Habitat; Models; pests; precision farming; classification; insects; Land use; Miridae; Lygus lineolaris; Hemiptera DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11119-008-9085-x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Streamflow Response to Climate: and Landuse Changes in a Coastal Watershed in North Carolina AN - 21273511; 11823167 AB - It is essential to examine the sensitivity of hydrologic responses to climate and landuse change across different physiographic regions in order to formulate sound water management policies for local response to projected global change. This study used the U.S. Geological Survey's Precipitation Runoff Modeling System (PRMS) model to examine the potential impacts of climate and landuse changes on the monthly streamflow of the Trent River basin on the lower coastal plain of eastern North Carolina. The model was first calibrated and then validated using measured, historic, long-term daily streamflow. The model performed satisfactorily for simulating monthly streamflow, as indicated by an overall Nash-Sutcliffe simulation efficiency greater than 0.85. We examined the sensitivity of streamflow to changes in air temperature and precipitation. The simulations suggested that streamflow of individual years could change from -93% to 238%, depending on the two global circulation model (GCM) scenarios used (i.e., HadCMSul2 and CGC1). Streamflow of the Trent River will decrease with an increase in air temperature, and increase (or decrease) with an increase (or decrease) in precipitation. Streamflow was more sensitive to prescribed changes in precipitation than to air temperature for the study area, given its high and stable evapotranspiration rates in the humid climatic environment. Seven hypothetical landuse change scenarios representing forest conversion to crop lands and urban areas indicated that water yield could increase by 14% to 20%. The likely impacts of landuse changes may not be as high as those caused by predicted changes in climate, but moderate urbanization and extreme hydrologic events caused by climate change could pose significant water quantity and quality problems in the Trent River basin. JF - Transactions of the ASAE AU - Qi, S AU - Sun, G AU - Wang, Y AU - McNulty, S G AU - Moore Myers, J A AD - Southern Global Change Program, USDA Forest Service, 920 Main Campus Drive, Suite 300, Raleigh, NC 27606 Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 739 EP - 749 VL - 52 IS - 3 SN - 0001-2351, 0001-2351 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Environment Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Runoff models KW - River Basins KW - Water Management KW - air temperature KW - Urbanization KW - Rainfall KW - Climate change KW - Climatic changes KW - Freshwater KW - Watersheds KW - Flow rates KW - Air temperature KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Climatic Changes KW - Evapotranspiration rates KW - Temperature effects KW - ANW, USA, North Carolina KW - Sensitivity KW - Climate models KW - Air Temperature KW - Public policy and climate KW - Simulation KW - Streamflow KW - River basins KW - Atmospheric circulation KW - Precipitation KW - Land use KW - Stream flow KW - Numerical simulations KW - Water management KW - General circulation models KW - Runoff KW - Q2 09263:Topography and morphology KW - M2 556.16:Runoff (556.16) KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes KW - SW 1020:Water yield improvement KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21273511?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+ASAE&rft.atitle=Streamflow+Response+to+Climate%3A+and+Landuse+Changes+in+a+Coastal+Watershed+in+North+Carolina&rft.au=Qi%2C+S%3BSun%2C+G%3BWang%2C+Y%3BMcNulty%2C+S+G%3BMoore+Myers%2C+J+A&rft.aulast=Qi&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S175&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Urbanization; Water management; Climatic changes; Atmospheric circulation; River basins; Runoff; Air temperature; Stream flow; Runoff models; Climate models; Numerical simulations; General circulation models; Public policy and climate; Climate change; Evapotranspiration rates; Precipitation; Sensitivity; air temperature; Rainfall; Simulation; Land use; Flow rates; River Basins; Water Management; Hydrologic Models; Air Temperature; Climatic Changes; Streamflow; Watersheds; ANW, USA, North Carolina; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Incorporation of a New Shallow Water Table Depth Algorithm Into SWAT2005 AN - 21261748; 11823170 AB - The fluctuation of the shallow water table depth (wtd) is important for planning drainage systems at the plot-, field-, and watershed-scale because its proximity to the ground surface impacts farm machine trafficability, crop development, agricultural chemical transport, soil salinity, and drainage. Therefore, it is important for hydrologic models to accurately simulate wtd. The goals of this study were to: (1) develop and incorporate a new wtd algorithm into the Soil and Water Assessment Tool model (SWAT Release 2005), a continuous-time, physically based, watershed-scale hydrologic model, in order to improve the prediction of the wtd; and (2) evaluate the wtd prediction improvement using measured wtd data for three observation wells located within the Muscatatuck River basin in southeast Indiana. The Modified DRAINMOD wtd simulation approach, based on the DRAINMOD wtd prediction approach, was developed and incorporated into SWAT2005. SWAT2005 was calibrated and validated for wtd for the three observation wells, and the wtd prediction performance of the Modified DRAINMOD approach was compared to those of three other wtd routines used in SWAT. Based on the simulation results, the Modified DRAINMOD approach yielded the best wtd prediction performance, as indicated by the highest average daily calibration and validation Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) values of 0.64 and 0.41, respectively, and correlation coefficient (R) values of 0.81 and 0.65, respectively, and the lowest percent bias (PBIAS) values of-13% and -3%, respectively, and root mean square error (RMSE) values of 0.41 m and 0.59 m, respectively, for the three observation wells. This implies that the Modifed DRAINMOD approach within SWAT2005 improved the prediction of wtd. Enhanced wtd prediction is anticipated to increase the simulation accuracy of watershed hydrologic processes and water management components such as tile drainage. JF - Transactions of the ASAE AU - Moriasi, D N AU - Arnold, J G AU - Vazquez-Amabile, G G AU - Engel, B A AU - Rossi, C G AD - Daniel N. Moriasi, USDA-ARS Grazinglands Research Laboratory, 7207 W. Cheyenne St., El Reno, OK 73036 Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 771 EP - 784 PB - American Society of Agricultural Engineers, 2950 Niles Rd. St Joseph MI 49085 USA, [mailto:manning@asae.orgorhq@asae.org], [URL:http://asae.org] VL - 52 IS - 3 SN - 0001-2351, 0001-2351 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Environment Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Prediction KW - Water table depth KW - Water Management KW - Algorithms KW - Correlations KW - Freshwater KW - Watersheds KW - Shallow Water KW - shallow water KW - Soil KW - Observation Wells KW - Soil salinity KW - Efficiency KW - Hydrologic processes KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Assessments KW - Salinity effects KW - Water Depth KW - Hydrology KW - Hydrologic models KW - Mathematical models KW - Drainage KW - Simulation KW - River basins KW - USA, Indiana KW - Performance Evaluation KW - Drainage systems KW - Numerical simulations KW - soil salinity KW - Shallow water KW - Water management KW - drainage water KW - M2 556:General (556) KW - Q2 09171:Dynamics of lakes and rivers KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries KW - SW 4020:Evaluation process UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21261748?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+ASAE&rft.atitle=Incorporation+of+a+New+Shallow+Water+Table+Depth+Algorithm+Into+SWAT2005&rft.au=Moriasi%2C+D+N%3BArnold%2C+J+G%3BVazquez-Amabile%2C+G+G%3BEngel%2C+B+A%3BRossi%2C+C+G&rft.aulast=Moriasi&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S177&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mathematical models; Water management; Shallow water; Salinity effects; Hydrology; Simulation; River basins; Watersheds; Water table depth; Soil salinity; Hydrologic processes; Drainage systems; Numerical simulations; Drainage; Correlations; Algorithms; Hydrologic models; Soil; shallow water; Efficiency; soil salinity; drainage water; Prediction; Observation Wells; Performance Evaluation; Water Management; Hydrologic Models; Assessments; Water Depth; Shallow Water; USA, Indiana; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tree growth at stand and individual scales in two dual-species mixture experiments in southern Washington State, USA AN - 21261162; 11744743 AB - Planting with mixtures of tree species rather than single species is often considered during reforestation because of the potential increased productivity and other benefits. We examined tree growth at the stand and individual tree scales in two experiments contrasting monocultures with a 1:1 mixture of tree species: (1) Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) with a conifer of similar shade tolerance (western white pine (Pinus monticola Dougl. ex D. Don)) and (2) Douglas-fir with a more shade-tolerant conifer (western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.)). There was no effect of mixture on growth or yield in the Douglas-fir - western white pine combination. In the Douglas-fir - western hemlock combination, yields in the mixture equaled those in Douglas-fir stands because of the enhanced performance of Douglas-fir in the mixture. For Douglas-fir, the height/diameter (h/d) ratio was significantly less in mixture, suggesting reduced competition for light when grown with western hemlock. In contrast, the h/d ratio for western hemlock was significantly greater in mixture, suggesting increased competition for light when grown with Douglas-fir. Neighborhood analyses showed that tree growth was directly related to initial size and inversely related to relative neighbor size and that the h/d ratio was positively related to relative neighbor size. In general, the size of a neighboring tree influenced growth more than species identity. Relationships between h/d ratios and growth rates suggest that growth differences between Douglas-fir and western hemlock in mixture will eventually increase.Original Abstract: La plantation d'un melange de plusieurs especes d'arbre plutot que d'une seule est souvent envisagee a cause de l'augmentation potentielle de la productivite et d'autres benefices. Nous avons etudie la croissance des arbres aux echelles du peuplement et de l'arbre a partir de deux experiences comparant des monocultures a des melanges formes de deux especes en proportion egale : (1) le douglas de Menzies (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) avec un conifere de tolerance similaire a l'ombre (le pin blanc de l'Ouest (Pinus monticola Dougl.ex D. Don)) et (2) le douglas de Menzies avec un conifere plus tolerant a l'ombre (la pruche de l'Ouest (Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.)). La combinaison du douglas de Menzies et du pin blanc de l'Ouest n'a pas eu d'effet sur la croissance ou la production. Dans le cas du melange de douglas de Menzies et de pruche de l'Ouest, la production de la plantation mixte etait egale a celle des peuplements purs de douglas de Menzies a cause d'une meilleure performance du douglas de Menzies en plantation mixte. Pour le douglas de Menzies, le rapport entre la hauteur et le diametre (h/d) etait significativement plus petit dans la plantation mixte, ce qui indique une diminution de la competition pour la lumiere dans la plantation mixte. Toutefois, dans le cas de la pruche de l'Ouest, le rapport h/d etait significativement plus grand dans la plantation mixte, ce qui indique une augmentation de la competition pour la lumiere lorsque la pruche se developpe avec le douglas de Menzies. Des analyses de voisinage ont montre que la croissance des arbres etait directement reliee a leur taille initiale et inversement reliee a la taille relative des arbres voisins, et que le rapport h/d etait positivement relie a la taille relative des voisins. En general, la croissance etait davantage influencee par la taille que par l'espece d'un arbre voisin. La relation entre le rapport h/d et le taux de croissance indique que les differences de croissance entre le douglas de Menzies et la pruche de l'Ouest plantes ensemble vont eventuellement augmenter. JF - Canadian Journal of Forest Research/Revue Canadienne de Recherche Forestiere AU - Erickson, Heather E AU - Harrington, Constance A AU - Marshall, David D AD - USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Portland Forestry Sciences Laboratory, 620 S.W. Main Street, Suite 400, Portland, OR 97205, USA. Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1119 EP - 1132 PB - NRC Research Press, 1200 Montreal Rd, Bldg M-55, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada, Tel.: 613-993-9084, 613-990-7873 or 1-800-668-1222 (Canada and U.S.), Fax: 613-952-7656, Email: pubsatnrc-cnrc.gc.ca Ottawa ON K1A 0R6 Canada VL - 39 IS - 6 SN - 0045-5067, 0045-5067 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Growth rate KW - Trees KW - Shade KW - Forests KW - planting KW - Reforestation KW - conifers KW - Light effects KW - Conifers KW - USA, Washington KW - Growth KW - Planting KW - reforestation KW - Pseudotsuga menziesii KW - Pinus monticola KW - Tsuga heterophylla KW - Competition KW - competition KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 21:Wildlife KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21261162?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Journal+of+Forest+Research%2FRevue+Canadienne+de+Recherche+Forestiere&rft.atitle=Tree+growth+at+stand+and+individual+scales+in+two+dual-species+mixture+experiments+in+southern+Washington+State%2C+USA&rft.au=Erickson%2C+Heather+E%3BHarrington%2C+Constance+A%3BMarshall%2C+David+D&rft.aulast=Erickson&rft.aufirst=Heather&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1119&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Canadian+Journal+of+Forest+Research%2FRevue+Canadienne+de+Recherche+Forestiere&rft.issn=00455067&rft_id=info:doi/10.1139%2FX09-040 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth rate; Conifers; Trees; Shade; Planting; Competition; Reforestation; Light effects; Growth; reforestation; planting; Forests; competition; conifers; Pseudotsuga menziesii; Pinus monticola; Tsuga heterophylla; USA, Washington DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/X09-040 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developing resilient ponderosa pine forests with mechanical thinning and prescribed fire in central Oregon's pumice region AN - 21259564; 11744746 AB - Thinning and prescribed burning are common management practices for reducing fuel buildup in ponderosa pine forests. However, it is not well understood if their combined use is required to lower wildfire risk and to help restore natural ecological function. We compared 16 treatment combinations of thinning, prescribed fire, and slash retention for two decades across a site quality gradient of second-growth pine stands, measuring changes in forest vegetation growth, structure, and composition. Thinning alone doubled the diameter growth increment of ponderosa pine, moderately stimulated shrub production, and resulted in lower tree mortality compared with unthinned plots. In contrast, repeated fire alone did not substantially alter stand structure or increase tree vigor, herbaceous production, or plant diversity. The combined use of thinning and repeated burning reduced shrub cover, yet produced no changes in herbaceous production, plant diversity, stand structure, or tree vigor compared with thin-only treatments. Additional findings identified (1) inconsequential effects of thinning residues on site productivity, (2) the need for multiple entries of prescribed fire if the abatement of shrubs is required, (3) the ineffectiveness of repeated burning to stimulate plant growth, and (4) that the thinning treatment served as an effective surrogate to fire for managing central Oregon forest vegetation.Original Abstract: L'eclaircie et le brulage dirige sont des pratiques courantes d'amenagement pour reduire la quantite de combustibles dans les forets de pin ponderosa. Cependant, on comprend peu la necessite de combiner l'utilisation de ces deux traitements pour reduire les risques de feu et pour aider a restaurer les fonctions ecologiques naturelles. Nous avons compare 16 combinaisons de traitements d'eclaircie, de brulage dirige et de retention de debris ligneux pendant deux decennies le long d'un gradient de qualite de station etabli dans des pinedes de seconde venue, en mesurant les changements de croissance, de structure et de composition de la vegetation forestiere. La seule application de l'eclaircie a double l'accroissement en diametre du pin ponderosa, a moderement stimule la production d'arbustes et a reduit la mortalite des arbres comparativement aux parcelles temoins. A l'oppose, l'application seule de brulages diriges repetes n'a pas modifie substantiellement la structure des peuplements ou augmente la vigueur des arbres, la production des plantes herbacees ou la diversite vegetale. L'utilisation combinee de l'eclaircie et du brulage repete a reduit le couvert arbustif, mais n'a pas modifie la production des plantes herbacees, la diversite vegetale, la structure des peuplements ou la vigueur des arbres comparativement aux traitements d'eclaircie seule. D'autres resultats ont montre (1) les effets sans consequence des residus d'eclaircie sur la productivite des stations, (2) la necessite d'entrees multiples du brulage dirige si la reduction des arbustes est necessaire, (3) l'inefficacite du brulage repete pour stimuler la croissance vegetale et (4) le fait que l'eclaircie est un substitut efficace au feu pour amenager la vegetation forestiere du centre de l'Oregon. JF - Canadian Journal of Forest Research/Revue Canadienne de Recherche Forestiere AU - Busse, Matt D AU - Cochran, PH AU - Hopkins, William E AU - Johnson, William H AU - Riegel, Gregg M AU - Fiddler, Gary O AU - Ratcliff, Alice W AU - Shestak, Carol J AD - USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, 3644 Avtech Parkway, Redding, CA 96002, USA. Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1171 EP - 1185 PB - NRC Research Press, 1200 Montreal Rd, Bldg M-55, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada, Tel.: 613-993-9084, 613-990-7873 or 1-800-668-1222 (Canada and U.S.), Fax: 613-952-7656, Email: pubsatnrc-cnrc.gc.ca Ottawa ON K1A 0R6 Canada VL - 39 IS - 6 SN - 0045-5067, 0045-5067 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - plant diversity KW - Shrubs KW - Mortality KW - wildfire KW - Fires KW - Residues KW - thinning KW - Trees KW - Pinus ponderosa KW - Fuels KW - Stand structure KW - Forests KW - Vegetation KW - stand structure KW - burning KW - shrubs KW - Thinning KW - plant growth KW - Burning KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 07:General KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21259564?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Journal+of+Forest+Research%2FRevue+Canadienne+de+Recherche+Forestiere&rft.atitle=Developing+resilient+ponderosa+pine+forests+with+mechanical+thinning+and+prescribed+fire+in+central+Oregon%27s+pumice+region&rft.au=Busse%2C+Matt+D%3BCochran%2C+PH%3BHopkins%2C+William+E%3BJohnson%2C+William+H%3BRiegel%2C+Gregg+M%3BFiddler%2C+Gary+O%3BRatcliff%2C+Alice+W%3BShestak%2C+Carol+J&rft.aulast=Busse&rft.aufirst=Matt&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1171&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Canadian+Journal+of+Forest+Research%2FRevue+Canadienne+de+Recherche+Forestiere&rft.issn=00455067&rft_id=info:doi/10.1139%2FX09-044 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Shrubs; Fires; Thinning; Trees; Stand structure; Vegetation; Forests; Burning; plant diversity; wildfire; Mortality; thinning; Residues; Fuels; burning; stand structure; shrubs; plant growth; Pinus ponderosa DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/X09-044 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Beyond patch spraying: site-specific weed management with several herbicides AN - 21229376; 11772965 AB - Site-specific weed management can include both limiting herbicide application to areas of the field where weed pressure is above the economic threshold (patch spraying) and varying the choice of herbicide for most cost-effective weed control of local populations. The benefits of patch spraying with several, postemergence herbicides in irrigated corn were evaluated in simulation studies using weed counts from 16 fields. Patch spraying with one, two or the number of herbicides that maximized net return for a field was simulated. With patch spraying of one herbicide, the average area of a field left untreated is 34.5%. Net return increases by $3.09ha super(-1) compared to a uniform application without decreasing crop yield. Additional herbicides increase the average benefits with just 4% more of the field treated. With two herbicides, the increase in net return is almost tripled and herbicide use is reduced nearly 10-fold compared to patch spraying with one herbicide, and weed control is better than the uniform application in 10 fields. Using more than two herbicides for patch spraying further reduces weed escapes, but herbicide use is greater than a uniform application in 10 fields. Growers might be more willing to adopt patch spraying if more than one herbicide is used in a field. JF - Precision Agriculture AU - Wiles, L J AD - USDA-ARS, Water Management Research Unit, 2150 Centre Ave. Bldg. D, Fort Collins, CO, 80526, USA, lori.wiles@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 277 EP - 290 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 10 IS - 3 SN - 1385-2256, 1385-2256 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - weed control KW - crop yield KW - Simulation KW - Herbicides KW - corn KW - Land use KW - precision farming KW - Economics KW - weeds UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21229376?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Strategies+for+controlling+macadamia+quick+decline&rft.au=Keith%2C+L+M%3BSugiyama%2C+L+S%3BNagao%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Keith&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S183&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Herbicides; weeds; Economics; weed control; Simulation; crop yield; Land use; precision farming; corn DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11119-008-9097-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Trichogramma (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) Ecology in a Tropical Bt Transgenic Cotton Cropping System: Sampling to Improve Seasonal Pest Impact Estimates in the Ord River Irrigation Area, Australia AN - 21217446; 11204835 AB - Trichogramma Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) cause high mortality rates in the potentially resistant pest species, Helicoverpa armigera (Huebner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), and are considered integral to the resistance management plan for Bacillus thuringiensis transgenic cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., production in the Ord River Irrigation Area (ORIA), Western Australia. Measured as percentage of parasitism, Trichogramma activity seems highly variable over time; yet, it contributes significantly to pest suppression at peak insect pest density. Environmental constraints on Trichogramma survival, especially insecticide applications, may limit their effectiveness. The decision to initiate insecticide applications in ORIA cotton crops is best delayed unless absolutely necessary to avoid disruption of Trichogramma impact on pests. Trichogramma disperse into young crops and display high intrinsic rates of increase effectively stifling Helicoverpa (Hardwick) population increase after initial egg lay during high-density years in the ORIA, and evidence suggests a possible preference for H. armigera host eggs. JF - Journal of Economic Entomology AU - Davies, A P AU - Pufke, U S AU - Zalucki, M P Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1018 EP - 1031 PB - Entomological Society of America, 9301 Annapolis Rd. Lanham MD 20706 USA VL - 102 IS - 3 SN - 0022-0493, 0022-0493 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - Agricultural Chemicals KW - Cotton KW - Bacillus thuringiensis KW - Pests KW - Australia, Western Australia KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - W 30925:Genetic Engineering KW - SW 1030:Use of water of impaired quality KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - Z 05350:Medical, Veterinary, and Agricultural Entomology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21217446?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Economic+Entomology&rft.atitle=Trichogramma+%28Hymenoptera%3A+Trichogrammatidae%29+Ecology+in+a+Tropical+Bt+Transgenic+Cotton+Cropping+System%3A+Sampling+to+Improve+Seasonal+Pest+Impact+Estimates+in+the+Ord+River+Irrigation+Area%2C+Australia&rft.au=Davies%2C+A+P%3BPufke%2C+U+S%3BZalucki%2C+M+P&rft.aulast=Davies&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1018&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Economic+Entomology&rft.issn=00220493&rft_id=info:doi/10.1603%2F029.102.0321 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pests; Cotton; Bacillus thuringiensis; Australia, Western Australia DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/029.102.0321 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Captures of Crawford's Gray Shrews (Notiosorex crawfordi) Along the Rio Grande in Central New Mexico AN - 21207853; 11204177 AB - We captured >2000 Crawford's gray shrews (Notiosorex crawfordi) in a riparian forest mainly consisting of cottonwoods (Populus deltoides) along the Rio Grande in central New Mexico. Little has been published about abundance and habitat of Crawford's gray shrew throughout its distributional range. During 7 summers, we captured shrews in pitfall traps at 13 study sites in Bernalillo, Valencia, and Socorro counties. Capture rates of shrews were greatest in August and September, and we did not detect a response of shrews to restoration treatments that removed nonnative plants from riparian forests. Results from our study indicate that (1) Crawford's gray shrews are more abundant in riparian habitats than historically presumed and (2) pitfall traps with drift fences are an effective means to capture shrews. JF - Western North American Naturalist AU - Chung-MacCoubrey, Alice AU - Bateman, Heather L AU - Finch, Deborah M AD - USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 333 Broadway SE, Suite 115, Albuquerque, NM 87102. Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 260 EP - 263 PB - Brigham Young University, 290 MLBM Provo UT 84602-0200 USA VL - 69 IS - 2 SN - 1527-0904, 1527-0904 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Notiosorex crawfordi KW - capture rate KW - riparian areas KW - pitfall traps KW - New Mexico KW - Rio Grande KW - Historical account KW - USA, New Mexico KW - riparian forests KW - Abundance KW - Habitat KW - Pitfall traps KW - Drift KW - Riparian environments KW - Populus deltoides KW - summer KW - USA, New Mexico, Rio Grande R. KW - USA, New Mexico, Socorro Cty. KW - abundance KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21207853?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Western+North+American+Naturalist&rft.atitle=Captures+of+Crawford%27s+Gray+Shrews+%28Notiosorex+crawfordi%29+Along+the+Rio+Grande+in+Central+New+Mexico&rft.au=Chung-MacCoubrey%2C+Alice%3BBateman%2C+Heather+L%3BFinch%2C+Deborah+M&rft.aulast=Chung-MacCoubrey&rft.aufirst=Alice&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=260&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Western+North+American+Naturalist&rft.issn=15270904&rft_id=info:doi/10.3398%2F064.069.0217 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pitfall traps; Drift; Abundance; Habitat; Historical account; pitfall traps; riparian forests; Riparian environments; summer; abundance; Populus deltoides; Notiosorex crawfordi; USA, New Mexico; USA, New Mexico, Rio Grande R.; USA, New Mexico, Socorro Cty. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3398/064.069.0217 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sampling Methods for Myllocerus Undecimpustulatus Undatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Adults AN - 21202607; 11587933 JF - Florida Entomologist AU - Epsky, Nancy D AU - Walker, Alison AU - Kendra, Paul E AD - Subtropical Horticultural Research Station, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, 13601 Old Cutler Road, Miami, FL 33158 U.S.A. Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 388 EP - 390 PB - Florida Entomological Society, PO Box 1007 Lutz FL 33548-1007 USA VL - 92 IS - 2 SN - 0015-4040, 0015-4040 KW - Entomology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Coleoptera KW - Curculionidae KW - Sampling KW - Z 05340:Ecology and Behavior KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21202607?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Florida+Entomologist&rft.atitle=Sampling+Methods+for+Myllocerus+Undecimpustulatus+Undatus+%28Coleoptera%3A+Curculionidae%29+Adults&rft.au=Epsky%2C+Nancy+D%3BWalker%2C+Alison%3BKendra%2C+Paul+E&rft.aulast=Epsky&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S185&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sampling; Coleoptera; Curculionidae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1653/024.092.0230 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Flight Phenology of Male Cactoblastis cactorum (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) at Different Latitudes in the Southeastern United States AN - 21197332; 11587944 AB - Long term trapping studies of the invasive moth Cactoblastis cactorum (Berg) were conducted at various latitudes from Puerto Rico to South Carolina. Three flight periods per year were identified at the 5 temperate sites studied, which covered the majority of the infested range on mainland United States. In general, the 3 flight periods across a latitudinal gradient from south Florida to central, coastal South Carolina were a spring flight during Feb--May, a summer flight during Jun-Aug, and a fall flight during Sep-Nov. At any 1 site, each flight period lasted about 2 months. In the tropical areas of the Florida Keys and a Caribbean Island, the insect exhibited overlapping generations. Previous studies of this insect (as a biological control agent) report 2 flight periods per year in its native range of Argentina and its introduced range of Australia and South Africa. A synthetic pheromone-baited trap was a good indicator of generational time, and we suggest that trapping assays in these areas will likely identify 3 generations rather than 2. Initiation and timing of the 3 generational flights has importance in the current United States and Mexico monitoring program for presence and expansion of this invasive pest, development of mapping programs to identify monitoring windows and management efforts with the Sterile Insect Technique. JF - Florida Entomologist AU - Hight, Stephen D AU - Carpenter, James E AD - USDA-ARS-CMAVE at Center for Biological Control, FAMU, Tallahassee, FL 32308 Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 208 EP - 216 PB - Florida Entomological Society, PO Box 1007 Lutz FL 33548-1007 USA VL - 92 IS - 2 SN - 0015-4040, 0015-4040 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Ecology Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - Flight KW - Biological control KW - Pyralidae KW - Islands KW - Phenology KW - Cactoblastis cactorum KW - Mapping KW - Pests KW - Trapping KW - Keys KW - Lepidoptera KW - A 01370:Biological Control KW - Z 05350:Medical, Veterinary, and Agricultural Entomology KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21197332?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Florida+Entomologist&rft.atitle=Flight+Phenology+of+Male+Cactoblastis+cactorum+%28Lepidoptera%3A+Pyralidae%29+at+Different+Latitudes+in+the+Southeastern+United+States&rft.au=Hight%2C+Stephen+D%3BCarpenter%2C+James+E&rft.aulast=Hight&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=92&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=208&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Florida+Entomologist&rft.issn=00154040&rft_id=info:doi/10.1653%2F024.092.0203 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-04-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological control; Flight; Islands; Phenology; Pests; Mapping; Trapping; Keys; Pyralidae; Cactoblastis cactorum; Lepidoptera DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1653/024.092.0203 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Efficacy of Entomopathogenic Fungi in Suppressing Pecan Weevil, Curculio caryae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), in Commercial Pecan Orchards AN - 21196577; 11587693 AB - The pecan weevil, Curculio caryae (Horn), is a key pest of pecans, Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch. The entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) Sorokin are pathogenic to and are being developed as microbial control agents for pecan weevil. One approach to suppressing pest populations and the resultant damage might be to apply entomopathogenic fungi when adult pecan weevils are emerging from the soil. Here we report the efficacy of B. bassiana (GHA strain) and M. anisopliae (F52 strain) applied to trees in orchards at three locations: Byron, GA, Fort Valley, GA, and Comanche, TX. At Fort Valley, treatments included B. bassiana as an oil-based spray with a UV-protective screen applied to the trunk, M. anisopliae applied as an impregnated fiber band stapled onto the trunk, and a nontreated check. At Byron, GA, we compared the B. bassiana trunk treatment to a nontreated check. Treatments at the Texas location were the B. bassiana trunk application, M. anisopliae applied as a trunk band and as a soil drench, and a nontreated check. At each location, weevils were trapped and transported to the laboratory for 15 to 17 days post-treatment to record mortality and mycosis. At both Georgia locations, B. bassiana caused .80% mortality and mycosis, which was significantly greater than mortality observed in the check (,33%); mortality and mycosis in the M. anisopliae treatment at Fort Valley did not differ from that observed in the check. In Texas, due to insufficient replication in plots, statistical comparison among treatments was not possible. However, mean percentages of mortality of pecan weevils after 7 and 14 days were 38 and 55% in the check, 75 and 88% in the B. bassiana-treated plots, and 57 and 75% in the M. anisopliaetreated plots. These results indicate potential for B. bassiana trunk sprays to suppress adult pecan weevil. Future research is needed to determine if the approach contributes to economic levels of crop protection. JF - Southwestern Entomologist AU - Shapiro-Ilan, David I AU - Cottrell, Ted E AU - Gardner, Wayne A AU - Behle, Robert W AU - Ree, Bill AU - Harris, Marvin K AD - USDA-ARS, SE Fruit and Nut Tree Research Laboratory, Byron, GA 31008 Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 111 EP - 120 PB - Society of Southwestern Entomologists, 17360 Coit Rd Dallas TX 75252 USA VL - 34 IS - 2 SN - 0147-1724, 0147-1724 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Entomology Abstracts KW - Mortality KW - Beauveria bassiana KW - Statistics KW - Coleoptera KW - Trees KW - Replication KW - Entomopathogenic fungi KW - Orchards KW - Metarhizium anisopliae KW - Horns KW - Soil KW - Fibers KW - Carya KW - Mycosis KW - Curculionidae KW - Economics KW - Crop protection KW - Curculio caryae KW - Pests KW - A 01380:Plant Protection, Fungicides & Seed Treatments KW - Z 05350:Medical, Veterinary, and Agricultural Entomology KW - K 03310:Genetics & Taxonomy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21196577?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Temporal+and+spatial+effects+of+long-term+floor+management+on+the+bacterial+and+nematode+communities+in+a+Salinas+Valley%2C+California+grape+vineyard&rft.au=Parker%3BKluepfel%2C+DA&rft.aulast=Parker&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S185&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mortality; Statistics; Replication; Trees; Entomopathogenic fungi; Orchards; Soil; Horns; Fibers; Mycosis; Economics; Crop protection; Pests; Carya; Beauveria bassiana; Coleoptera; Curculionidae; Curculio caryae; Metarhizium anisopliae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3958/059.034.0201 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Control of Bovicola equi (Phthiraptera: Trichodectidae) with Dimilin and Permethrin AN - 21191520; 11587869 JF - Journal of Vector Ecology AU - Reeves, Will K AU - Miller, Myrna M AD - Arthropod-Borne Animal Diseases Research Laboratory-Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Laramie, WY 82071, U.S.A. Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 160 PB - Society for Vector Ecology VL - 34 IS - 1 SN - 1081-1710, 1081-1710 KW - Entomology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Phthiraptera KW - Permethrin KW - Trichodectidae KW - Z 05340:Ecology and Behavior KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21191520?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Vector+Ecology&rft.atitle=Control+of+Bovicola+equi+%28Phthiraptera%3A+Trichodectidae%29+with+Dimilin+and+Permethrin&rft.au=Reeves%2C+Will+K%3BMiller%2C+Myrna+M&rft.aulast=Reeves&rft.aufirst=Will&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=160&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Vector+Ecology&rft.issn=10811710&rft_id=info:doi/10.3376%2F038.034.0121 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Phthiraptera; Trichodectidae; Permethrin DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3376/038.034.0121 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of Commercial and Field-Expedient Baited Traps for House Flies, Musca domestica L. (Diptera: Muscidae) AN - 21185960; 11587873 AB - A comparison of nine commercial baited fly traps on Florida dairy farms demonstrated that Terminator traps collected significantly more (13,323/trap) house flies (Musca domestica L.) than the others tested. Final Flight, Fly Magnet, and FliesBeGone traps collected intermediate numbers of flies (834-2,166), and relatively few were caught with ISCA, Advantage, Fermone Big Boy, Squeeze & Snap, or OakStump traps (<300). Terminator traps collected about twice as many flies (799.8/trap) as FliesBeGone traps (343.8) when each trap was baited with its respective attractant, but when the attractants were switched between the two trap types, collections were significantly lower (77-108) than was observed with traps baited with their respective attractant. Solutions of molasses were significantly more attractive to house flies than honey, maple syrup, or jaggery (date palm sugar). Field-expedient traps constructed from discarded PET water bottles were much less effective than commercial traps, but painting the tops of such traps with black spray paint resulted in a six-fold increase in trap capture. JF - Journal of Vector Ecology AU - Geden, Christopher J AU - Szumlas, Daniel E AU - Walker, Todd W AD - USDA, ARS, Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology, 1600 SW 23 Dr., Gainesville, FL 32608, U.S.A. Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 99 EP - 103 PB - Society for Vector Ecology VL - 34 IS - 1 SN - 1081-1710, 1081-1710 KW - Entomology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Musca domestica KW - Farms KW - Vectors KW - Attractants KW - Trapping KW - Flight KW - Syrups KW - Dairies KW - Traps KW - Diptera KW - Muscidae KW - Honey KW - Paints KW - Z 05340:Ecology and Behavior KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21185960?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Vector+Ecology&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+Commercial+and+Field-Expedient+Baited+Traps+for+House+Flies%2C+Musca+domestica+L.+%28Diptera%3A+Muscidae%29&rft.au=Geden%2C+Christopher+J%3BSzumlas%2C+Daniel+E%3BWalker%2C+Todd+W&rft.aulast=Geden&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=99&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Vector+Ecology&rft.issn=10811710&rft_id=info:doi/10.3376%2F038.034.0112 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Musca domestica; Muscidae; Diptera; Traps; Attractants; Vectors; Honey; Paints; Dairies; Farms; Flight; Syrups; Trapping DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3376/038.034.0112 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reovirus-Like Sequences Isolated from Adult Asian Citrus Psyllid, (Hemiptera: Psyllidae: Diaphorina citri) AN - 21185339; 11587969 AB - The Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, (Insecta: Hemiptera: Psyllidae), has been identified as a damaging pest and an efficient vector of the plant infecting bacterium (Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus) which is strongly associated with the disease Huanglongbing (HLB), known as 'Citrus greening disease'. Huanglongbing has caused extensive economic losses in the citrus industries worldwide. Traditional control measures of the psyllid have proven to be ineffective and costly. Biological control measures have been shown to provide environmentally friendly management tools for insect pests. In this study, an expression library was prepared from adult psyllids in search of new pathogens that can be use as biological control agents. We identified 2 viral sequences: one 616 base pairs and a second, 792 base pairs. Both had significant similarity to viruses within the insect Reovirus group. Phylogenetic and homology comparisons indicated that the viral sequences were most closely related to the viruses in the Family Reoviridae, Genus Fijivirus, specifically Nilaparvata lugens reovirus, NLRV. JF - Florida Entomologist AU - Marutani-Hert, Mizuri AU - Hunter, Wayne B AU - Katsar, Catherine S AU - Sinisterra, Xiomara H AU - Hall, David G AU - Powell, Charles A AD - USDA, ARS, U.S. Horticultural Research Lab, 2001 S. Rock Rd, Ft. Pierce, FL, 34945 USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 314 EP - 320 PB - Florida Entomological Society, PO Box 1007 Lutz FL 33548-1007 USA VL - 92 IS - 2 SN - 0015-4040, 0015-4040 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - Citrus KW - Biological control KW - Phylogeny KW - Plant diseases KW - Reoviridae KW - Reovirus KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Psyllidae KW - Pathogens KW - Hemiptera KW - Greening KW - Nilaparvata lugens KW - Homology KW - Economics KW - Kuwayama KW - Diaphorina citri KW - Pests KW - Fijivirus KW - Insecta KW - A 01370:Biological Control KW - Z 05350:Medical, Veterinary, and Agricultural Entomology KW - V 22400:Human Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21185339?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Florida+Entomologist&rft.atitle=Reovirus-Like+Sequences+Isolated+from+Adult+Asian+Citrus+Psyllid%2C+%28Hemiptera%3A+Psyllidae%3A+Diaphorina+citri%29&rft.au=Marutani-Hert%2C+Mizuri%3BHunter%2C+Wayne+B%3BKatsar%2C+Catherine+S%3BSinisterra%2C+Xiomara+H%3BHall%2C+David+G%3BPowell%2C+Charles+A&rft.aulast=Marutani-Hert&rft.aufirst=Mizuri&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=92&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=314&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Florida+Entomologist&rft.issn=00154040&rft_id=info:doi/10.1653%2F024.092.0216 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-04-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Phylogeny; Biological control; Plant diseases; Homology; Nucleotide sequence; Economics; Pathogens; Pests; Greening; Citrus; Nilaparvata lugens; Reovirus; Reoviridae; Kuwayama; Psyllidae; Diaphorina citri; Fijivirus; Insecta; Hemiptera DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1653/024.092.0216 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using Chelator-Buffered Nutrient Solutions to Limit Ni Phytoavailability to the Ni-Hyperaccumulator Alyssum murale AN - 21162814; 11206726 AB - Nickel (Ni) is essential for all plants due to its role in urease activation. Demonstration of Ni essentiality has required exceptional effort to purify nutrient solutions to remove Ni; thus, an improved technique would make study of Ni deficiency more available to diverse researchers. As part of our research on Ni hyperaccumulation by plants, we developed chelator-buffered nutrient solutions with very low buffered activity of free Ni2+, and tested growth of Alyssum murale (Goldentuft Madwort), A. corsicum (Madwort), A. montanum (Mountain Alyssum) and Lycopersicon esculentum (Tomato). We used a modified Hoagland nutrient solution with 2 mM Mg and 1 mM Ca to simulate serpentine soil solutions. We could use hydroxyethyl-ethylene-diaminetriacetate (HEDTA) to achieve Ni2+ activity levels as low as 10-16 M, and cyclohexane-ethylenediamine-tetraacetate (CDTA) to supply higher activities of buffered Ni2+ compared with HEDTA; however, we were unable to obtain proof of induced Ni-deficiency, even with urea-N supply in a 6-week growth period, apparently because seeds supplied enough Ni for growth. JF - Northeastern Naturalist AU - Chaney, Rufus L AU - Fellet, Guido AU - Torres, Ramon AU - Centofanti, Tiziana AU - Green, Carrie E AU - Marchiol, Luca AD - USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Environmental Management and Byproduct Utilization Laboratory, Beltsville, MD, USA. Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 215 EP - 222 PB - Humboldt Field Research Institute VL - 16 IS - 5 SN - 1092-6194, 1092-6194 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Mountains KW - Lycopersicon esculentum KW - Seeds KW - Alyssum KW - Nickel KW - Urease KW - Soils (serpentine) KW - Nutrient solutions KW - Alyssum murale KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21162814?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Northeastern+Naturalist&rft.atitle=Using+Chelator-Buffered+Nutrient+Solutions+to+Limit+Ni+Phytoavailability+to+the+Ni-Hyperaccumulator+Alyssum+murale&rft.au=Chaney%2C+Rufus+L%3BFellet%2C+Guido%3BTorres%2C+Ramon%3BCentofanti%2C+Tiziana%3BGreen%2C+Carrie+E%3BMarchiol%2C+Luca&rft.aulast=Chaney&rft.aufirst=Rufus&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=215&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Northeastern+Naturalist&rft.issn=10926194&rft_id=info:doi/10.1656%2F045.016.0517 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alyssum murale; Lycopersicon esculentum; Alyssum; Nutrient solutions; Soils (serpentine); Urease; Seeds; Mountains; Nickel DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1656/045.016.0517 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Resistance Among Cultivated Sunflower Germplasm to Stem-Infesting Pests in the Central Great Plains AN - 21162389; 11204842 AB - A 7-yr field study evaluated 61 oilseed sunflower, Helianthus annuus L, accessions and 31 interspecific crosses for resistance to attack by naturally occurring populations of three stem-infesting pests, the sunflower stem weevil, Cylindrocopturus adspersus (LeConte) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae); a longhorned beetle, Dectes texanus LeConte (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae); and a root boring moth, Pelochrista womonana (Kearfott) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), at two locations in the central Great Plains. Germplasm with potential sources of resistance to attack from all three stem-infesting species were revealed. Accessions PI 650558, PI 386230, and PI 431516 were consistent in averaging low densities of stem weevil larvae per stalk among lines tested, and PI 497939 exceeded 25 weevil larvae per stalk in only 1 yr of 5 yr of trials. Several interspecific crosses also had consistently low densities of C. adspersus larvae per stalk. Populations of both D. texanus and P. womonana were variable over years, but differences among the lines tested were evident in many trials, revealing potential for developing resistant germplasm. Four accessions (PI 386230, PI 431542, PI 650497, and PI 650558) had low larval densities of C. adspersus and P. womonana in addition to reduced percentage infestation by D. texanus. Results showed potential for developing resistant genotypes for these pests. The prospect of adding host plant resistance as an integrated pest management (IPM) tactic would provide another tool for reducing economic losses from stem-infesting insect pests of sunflower in the central Great Plains. JF - Journal of Economic Entomology AU - Charlet, Laurence D AU - Aiken, Robert M AU - Miller, Jerry F AU - Seiler, Gerald J Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1281 EP - 1290 PB - Entomological Society of America, 9301 Annapolis Rd. Lanham MD 20706 USA VL - 102 IS - 3 SN - 0022-0493, 0022-0493 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - Economics KW - Genotypes KW - Germplasm KW - Host plants KW - Infestation KW - Interspecific hybridization KW - Larvae KW - Pest control KW - Pests KW - Roots KW - insects KW - integrated pest management KW - pests KW - plains KW - Lepidoptera KW - Cerambycidae KW - Coleoptera KW - Tortricidae KW - Curculionidae KW - Helianthus annuus KW - Helianthus KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Z 05360:Genetics and Evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21162389?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Economic+Entomology&rft.atitle=Resistance+Among+Cultivated+Sunflower+Germplasm+to+Stem-Infesting+Pests+in+the+Central+Great+Plains&rft.au=Charlet%2C+Laurence+D%3BAiken%2C+Robert+M%3BMiller%2C+Jerry+F%3BSeiler%2C+Gerald+J&rft.aulast=Charlet&rft.aufirst=Laurence&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1281&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Economic+Entomology&rft.issn=00220493&rft_id=info:doi/10.1603%2F029.102.0355 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Infestation; Germplasm; Interspecific hybridization; Roots; Pest control; Genotypes; Pests; Host plants; pests; Economics; Larvae; plains; insects; integrated pest management; Cerambycidae; Tortricidae; Coleoptera; Curculionidae; Helianthus annuus; Lepidoptera; Helianthus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/029.102.0355 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Robustostrongylus Aferensis gen. nov. et sp. nov. (Nematoda: Trichostrongyloidea) in Kob (Kobus Kob) and Hartebeest (Alcelaphus Buselaphus Jacksoni) (Artiodactyla) from Sub-saharan Africa, with Further Ruminations on the Ostertagiinae AN - 21138924; 11206429 AB - Abomasal nematodes (Ostertagiinae: Trichostrongyloidea), representing a previously unrecognized genus and species, were discovered in kob (Kobus kob) and kongoni (hartebeest) (Alcelaphus buselaphus jacksoni) from Uganda during surveys of ungulate parasites in the 1960s. Robustostrongylus aferensis gen. nov. et sp. nov. is characterized by a ventriculus-like, bilobed valve at the junction of the esophagus and intestine, a synlophe with unusually robust ridges, cervical papillae and excretory pore situated posterior to the mid-length of the esophagus, a unique body form and large diameter in males and females, a relatively anterior position for the vulva, and strongly convoluted and spiraled ovarian tracks in females. Bursal structure is 2-1-2, with subequal Rays 2/3, strongly reduced and robust Rays 8, and relatively narrow Rays 9/10 contained within a reduced, laterally inflated dorsal lobe. Spicules are filamentous and tripartite; the gubernaculum is cryptic, alate, and heart-shaped in the anterior. Robustostrongylus aferensis, with narrow filamentous spicules that trifurcate distally near 80%, paired arcuate '0' papillae that terminate in bulbous expansions, and a reduced dorsal lobe and ray most closely resembles species of Longistrongylus. A suite of unique characters, consistent in males and females, however, unequivocally distinguishes specimens of R. aferensis from all ostertagiines with either a 2-1-2 or 2-2-1 bursal pattern. Among 15 genera of the Ostertagiinae in the global fauna, 5 are entirely limited in distribution to Africa, including Africanastrongylus, Hamulonema, Longistrongylus, Pseudomarshallagia, and Robustostrongylus gen. nov.; species among 5 additional genera, including Cervicaprastrongylus, Hyostrongylus, Marshallagia, Ostertagia, and Teladorsagia, also occur in Africa, but they are represented as mosaics, with diversity centered in Eurasia or the Holarctic. JF - Journal of Parasitology AU - Hoberg, Eric P AU - Abrams, Arthur AU - Pilitt, Patricia A AD - United States National Parasite Collection and Animal Parasitic Disease Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, BARC East, Building 1180, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, Maryland 20705., eric.hoberg@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 702 EP - 717 PB - American Society of Parasitologists VL - 95 IS - 3 SN - 0022-3395, 0022-3395 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Esophagus KW - Trichostrongyloidea KW - Ungulates KW - Kobus kob KW - Vulva KW - Artiodactyla KW - Papillae KW - Spicules KW - Rumination KW - Pores KW - Intestine KW - Ostertagia KW - Nematoda KW - New species KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21138924?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Parasitology&rft.atitle=Robustostrongylus+Aferensis+gen.+nov.+et+sp.+nov.+%28Nematoda%3A+Trichostrongyloidea%29+in+Kob+%28Kobus+Kob%29+and+Hartebeest+%28Alcelaphus+Buselaphus+Jacksoni%29+%28Artiodactyla%29+from+Sub-saharan+Africa%2C+with+Further+Ruminations+on+the+Ostertagiinae&rft.au=Hoberg%2C+Eric+P%3BAbrams%2C+Arthur%3BPilitt%2C+Patricia+A&rft.aulast=Hoberg&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=95&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=702&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Parasitology&rft.issn=00223395&rft_id=info:doi/10.1645%2FGE-1859.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Esophagus; Pores; Rumination; Ungulates; Intestine; Vulva; Papillae; Spicules; New species; Trichostrongyloidea; Kobus kob; Artiodactyla; Ostertagia; Nematoda DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1645/GE-1859.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma Gondii and Bartonella spp. Antibodies in Cats from Pennsylvania AN - 21138462; 11206414 AB - Toxoplasmagondii and Bartonella spp. are zoonotic pathogens of cats. In the present study, the prevalence of antibodies to T. gondii and Bartonella spp. were determined in sera from 210 domestic cats from Bensalem, Pennsylvania. Using a modified agglutination test, antibodies to T. gondii were found in 41 (19.5%) of the 210 cats with titers of 1:25 in 4, 1:50 in 9, 1:100 in 7, 1:200 in 3, 1:400 in 3, 1:800 in 5, 1:1,600 in 4, and 1:3,200 or higher in 6. For T. gondii, seroprevalence increased with age of the cat: 15 of 113 (13.2 %) were seropositive compared with 26 of 97 (26.7%) older than 11 mo. Of these 210 cats, 54 (25.7%) were positive for Bartonella spp. antibodies, with titers of 1:64 in 20, 1:128 in 21, 1:256 in 9, and 1:512 in 4. Seventeen cats had antibodies to both organisms. There was no correlation between T. gondii and Bartonella spp. seropositivity. Overall the seroprevalence of T. gondii antibodies in cats in this population is much lower compared with those reported in other localities in the United States and other countries. JF - Journal of Parasitology AU - Dubey, J P AU - Bhatia, C R AU - Lappin, M R AU - Ferreira, L R AU - Thorn, A AU - Kwok, OCH AD - United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Animal and Natural Resources Institute, Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, Building 1001, Beltsville, Maryland 20705-2350., jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 578 EP - 580 PB - American Society of Parasitologists VL - 95 IS - 3 SN - 0022-3395, 0022-3395 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Antibodies KW - Agglutination KW - Age KW - Bartonella KW - Toxoplasma gondii KW - Pathogens KW - J 02410:Animal Diseases KW - K 03410:Animal Diseases KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21138462?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=The+threat+of+Ug99+stem+rust+and+efforts+towards+breeding+for+resistance+in+wheat&rft.au=Marshall%2C+D&rft.aulast=Marshall&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S199&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-04-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Age; Agglutination; Antibodies; Pathogens; Toxoplasma gondii; Bartonella DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1645/GE-1933.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 'Serpentinomics'-An Emerging New Field of Study AN - 21132305; 11206723 AB - 'Serpentinomics' is an emerging field of study which has the potential to greatly advance our understanding of serpentine ecology. Several newly developing -omic fields, often using high-throughput tools developed for molecular biology, will advance the field of serpentine ecology, or, 'serpentinomics.' Using tools from the fields of ionomics, metabolomics, proteomics, transcriptomics and genomics, researchers will be able to address new (and old) ecological questions in powerful and creative ways. In particular, 'serpentinomics' has the potential to uncover the mechanistic and genetic basis of the complexities of tolerance of and adaptation to serpentine soils, including the biochemistry of hyperaccumulation. Here we outline each of these -omic fields and describe possible applications to the field of serpentine ecology. JF - Northeastern Naturalist AU - Wright, Jessica W AU - Wettberg, Eric von AD - Institute of Forest Genetics, USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, 1731 Research Park Drive, Davis, CA 95618. Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 285 EP - 296 PB - Humboldt Field Research Institute VL - 16 IS - 5 SN - 1092-6194, 1092-6194 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Adaptations KW - genomics KW - proteomics KW - Soils (serpentine) KW - metabolomics KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21132305?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Northeastern+Naturalist&rft.atitle=%27Serpentinomics%27-An+Emerging+New+Field+of+Study&rft.au=Wright%2C+Jessica+W%3BWettberg%2C+Eric+von&rft.aulast=Wright&rft.aufirst=Jessica&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=285&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Northeastern+Naturalist&rft.issn=10926194&rft_id=info:doi/10.1656%2F045.016.0521 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Adaptations; Soils (serpentine); proteomics; metabolomics; genomics DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1656/045.016.0521 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Postfire Recovery of Two Shrubs in the Interiors Of Large Burns in the Intermountain West, Usa AN - 21130063; 11204171 AB - Shrub canopy cover can take between 10 and >50 years to recover to predisturbance levels following fire in sagebrush communities. The high degree of unpredictability of shrub recovery following prescribed fires and wildfires makes it difficult to prioritize restoration efforts and develop long-term plans for restoring or maintaining the integrity of sagebrush communities. Our overall goal was to develop a hypothesis based on descriptive data that describes the temporal pattern of recruitment for 2 important shrubs, Artemisia tridentata Nutt. ssp. vaseyana (Rydb.) Beetle and Purshia tridentata (Pursh) DC., in the interiors of large burns where little seed input from surviving shrubs occurs. We had 2 primary questions: (1) are there distinct temporal patterns of recruitment in the interiors of large burns that determine the recovery rate of the shrub canopy layer for species largely dependent on seedlings for reestablishment and (2) can we generate hypotheses that explain this variation in shrub recovery rates? To address the question of recruitment, we measured shrub density and age for A. tridentata ssp. vaseyana and P. tridentata in the interiors of 4 large (>400-ha) burns. Time since fire varied from 6 to 41 years. All 4 fires burned in August and were relatively complete with few to no unburned patches. Our data indicate that (1) A. tridentata ssp. vaseyana and P. tridentata seed remained viable up to 4 years postfire and that (2) the rate of shrub recovery is largely determined by the success or failure of seedling establishment in the first 2-3 years following disturbance. From these data we generated a hypothesis describing 2 scenarios of postfire shrub recovery. JF - Western North American Naturalist AU - Ziegenhagen, Lori L AU - Miller, Richard F AD - USDA Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Oregon Agricultural Research Center, 67826-A Hwy. 205, Burns, OR 97710. Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 195 EP - 205 PB - Brigham Young University, 290 MLBM Provo UT 84602-0200 USA VL - 69 IS - 2 SN - 1527-0904, 1527-0904 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - Shrubs KW - Burns KW - Fires KW - Seeds KW - Data processing KW - Purshia tridentata KW - Recruitment KW - Artemisia tridentata KW - Seedlings KW - Canopies KW - Tridentata KW - Z 05340:Ecology and Behavior KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21130063?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Western+North+American+Naturalist&rft.atitle=Postfire+Recovery+of+Two+Shrubs+in+the+Interiors+Of+Large+Burns+in+the+Intermountain+West%2C+Usa&rft.au=Ziegenhagen%2C+Lori+L%3BMiller%2C+Richard+F&rft.aulast=Ziegenhagen&rft.aufirst=Lori&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=195&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Western+North+American+Naturalist&rft.issn=15270904&rft_id=info:doi/10.3398%2F064.069.0208 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Burns; Shrubs; Fires; Seeds; Data processing; Recruitment; Seedlings; Canopies; Purshia tridentata; Artemisia tridentata; Tridentata DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3398/064.069.0208 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of in-stream phosphorus dynamics in agricultural drainage ditches AN - 21128191; 9264541 AB - The intensive agricultural systems in the Midwestern United States can enrich surface waters with nutrients. Agricultural drainage ditches serve as the first and second order streams throughout much of this region, as well as other highly productive agricultural areas in humid regions throughout the world. This project was conducted to evaluate in-stream processing of soluble P (SP) in agricultural drainage ditches. Soluble P injection studies were conducted at seven sites along three drainage ditches (298 to 4300 ha drainage area), and one site on a third-order stream that receives the discharge from the agricultural ditches (19,000 ha drainage area) by increasing the SP concentration in the ditch water by approximately 0.25 mg L super(-) super(1). Sediments collected from smaller watersheds contained greater amounts of Mehlich 3 and exchangeable P (ExP), silt and clay size particles, and organic matter. Phosphorus uptake lengths (S sub(n) sub(e) sub(t)) ranged from 40 to 1900 m, and SP uptake rates (U) ranged from 0.4 to 52 mg m super(-) super(2) h super(-) super(1). Phosphorus S sub(n) sub(e) sub(t) was correlated with ditch geomorphological (i.e. width) and sediment properties (i.e. organic matter, ExP, and equilibrium P concentration; r super(2)=1.00, P<0.001), indirect drainage in the watershed (r super(2)=0.92, P<0.001), and the amount of small grains, forest, urban area, alfalfa and corn (r super(2)=1.00, P<0.0001). Agricultural drainage ditches actively process nutrients and could potentially be managed to optimize this processing to minimize SP export from these landscapes. JF - Science of the Total Environment AU - Smith AD - National Soil Erosion Research Laboratory, 275 S. Russell St., West Lafayette, IN 47906, United States, Douglas.R.Smith@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/06/01/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Jun 01 SP - 3883 EP - 3889 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 407 IS - 12 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Drainage Ditches KW - Surface water KW - Phosphorus KW - Forests KW - Nutrients KW - Particulates KW - Freshwater KW - Watersheds KW - Streams KW - corn KW - organic phosphorus KW - Organic Matter KW - Drainage Area KW - Urban areas KW - Particle size KW - Sediment chemistry KW - Clay KW - Drainage KW - Organic matter KW - River discharge KW - Silt KW - silt KW - alfalfa KW - Sediments KW - nutrients KW - USA KW - Sediment properties KW - drainage water KW - Ditches KW - geomorphology KW - Nutrients (mineral) KW - ENA 06:Food & Drugs KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - SW 2060:Effects on water of human nonwater activities KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21128191?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+in-stream+phosphorus+dynamics+in+agricultural+drainage+ditches&rft.au=Smith&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=407&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=3883&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.scitotenv.2009.02.038 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sediment chemistry; Sediment properties; Organic matter; Phosphorus; River discharge; Silt; Nutrients (mineral); Watersheds; Particle size; Clay; Surface water; Drainage; Forests; alfalfa; silt; Particulates; Streams; organic phosphorus; corn; Sediments; nutrients; drainage water; geomorphology; Urban areas; Drainage Ditches; Organic Matter; Nutrients; Ditches; Drainage Area; USA; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.02.038 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seed-borne and systemic populations of Agrobacterium tumefaciens as sources of inoculum for crown gall development on Parados walnut rootstock AN - 21118499; 10272138 JF - Phytopathology AU - Yakabe, LE AU - Parker AU - McClean, A E AU - Maccree, M M AU - Kluepfel, DA AD - USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Davis, CA, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Agrobacterium tumefaciens KW - Crown gall KW - Rootstocks KW - Inoculum KW - Juglans KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21118499?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Seed-borne+and+systemic+populations+of+Agrobacterium+tumefaciens+as+sources+of+inoculum+for+crown+gall+development+on+Parados+walnut+rootstock&rft.au=Yakabe%2C+LE%3BParker%3BMcClean%2C+A+E%3BMaccree%2C+M+M%3BKluepfel%2C+DA&rft.aulast=Yakabe&rft.aufirst=LE&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S145&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Crown gall; Rootstocks; Inoculum; Agrobacterium tumefaciens; Juglans ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification and molecular characterization of a new phytoplasma associated with Sunshine Tree Stem Fasciation (STSF) disease in China AN - 21116459; 10272131 AB - Senna surattensis, commonly known as sunshine tree or golden senna, is an evergreen to semi-deciduous ornamental plant with prolonged and beautiful flowers. Originated in India, Southeast Asia, and Australia, sunshine tree is now widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Recently, sunshine trees exhibiting unusual stem fasciation symptoms were observed in Yunnan, China. The morphological abnormities of the affected plants included uncontrolled shoot proliferation and stem enlargement and flattening. Since the disease occurred in a region where other phytoplasma diseases are prevalent, a phytoplasma infection was first suspected. Nested PCR was performed using phytoplasma universal primers P1/P7 and P1A/16S-SR, and a phytoplasma-specific 1.5-kb amplicon representing a near-full length 16S rRNA gene was obtained from all DNA samples extracted from diseased plants; whereas no PCR products were obtained from nearby symptomless plants. Subsequent nucleotide sequence analysis of the cloned PCR fragment suggested that STSF disease is associated with an infection by a 'Candidatus Phytoplasma australiense'-related strain. The association of STSF disease with phytoplasma infection was further supported by transmission electron microscopic observation of phytoplasma-like bodies in sieve elements of diseased plants. Virtual RFLP analysis of the 16S rDNA sequence suggested that the STSF phytoplasma is a new member of the phytoplasma subgroup 16SrXII-A. JF - Phytopathology AU - Wu, W AU - Cai, H AU - Wei, W AU - Chen, H AU - Davis, R E AU - Zhao, Y AD - USDA ARS MPPL, Beltsville, MD, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Shoots KW - Plant diseases KW - Flowers KW - Ornamental plants KW - Trees KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Phytoplasma KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Primers KW - Infection KW - rRNA 16S KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases KW - K 03310:Genetics & Taxonomy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21116459?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Identification+and+molecular+characterization+of+a+new+phytoplasma+associated+with+Sunshine+Tree+Stem+Fasciation+%28STSF%29+disease+in+China&rft.au=Wu%2C+W%3BCai%2C+H%3BWei%2C+W%3BChen%2C+H%3BDavis%2C+R+E%3BZhao%2C+Y&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S143&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Shoots; Flowers; Plant diseases; Ornamental plants; Trees; Nucleotide sequence; Polymerase chain reaction; Phytoplasma; Primers; Infection; rRNA 16S ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Gene expression profile changes of tomato in response to infection by potato purple top phytoplasma AN - 21115509; 10272120 JF - Phytopathology AU - Wei, W AU - Wu, W AU - Lee, I AU - Davis, R E AU - Zhao, Y AD - USDA ARS MPPL, Beltsville, MD, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Lycopersicon esculentum KW - Gene expression KW - Solanum tuberosum KW - Phytoplasma KW - Infection KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21115509?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Gene+expression+profile+changes+of+tomato+in+response+to+infection+by+potato+purple+top+phytoplasma&rft.au=Wei%2C+W%3BWu%2C+W%3BLee%2C+I%3BDavis%2C+R+E%3BZhao%2C+Y&rft.aulast=Wei&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S139&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Gene expression; Phytoplasma; Infection; Lycopersicon esculentum; Solanum tuberosum ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Adaptation of CANARY biosensors for rapid detection of plant pathogens AN - 21115249; 10271676 AB - The CANARY (Cellular Analysis and Notification of Antigen Risk and Yield) technology uses a recombinant B cell line expressing membrane-bound antibodies that are pathogen-specific, and at the same time expresses the calcium sensitive bioluminescent protein, aequorin. Upon crosslinking of antigens of a specific pathogen to the antibodies, B cells produce an elevated level of calcium. The process triggers an aequorin conformation change and leads to light emission through conversion of its prosthetic group coelentera-zine into coelenteramide and CO sub(2). The emitted light can be easily detected by a luminometer. We adapted this technology for detection of regulated plant pathogens. In this report, we present the initial results on testing with a Ralstonia-specific B cell line. Two strains of Ralstonia solanacearum race 3 biovar 1 and race 1 biovar 1 were used. In the first six days of a 15-day assay period, the limit of detection of 3 CFU/CANARY test can be achieved in spiked geranium extract. We can still detect as low as 300 CFU/test at the end of the 15-day period. Comparable results were obtained with killed bacterial suspension. The procedure requires simple instrumentation and sample testing only takes a few minutes. Testing for cross-activity with related organisms and infected plant tissues are under way. JF - Phytopathology AU - Liu, Z AU - Rappaport, K AU - Levy, L AD - USDA APHIS PPQ CHPST, Beltsville, MD, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Calcium KW - Adaptations KW - Lymphocytes B KW - Geranium KW - Pathogens KW - Light effects KW - Renilla-luciferin 2-monooxygenase KW - Biosensors KW - Prosthetic groups KW - Antibodies KW - Colony-forming cells KW - Ralstonia solanacearum KW - Carbon dioxide KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases KW - W 30955:Biosensors KW - K 03320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21115249?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Adaptation+of+CANARY+biosensors+for+rapid+detection+of+plant+pathogens&rft.au=Liu%2C+Z%3BRappaport%2C+K%3BLevy%2C+L&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biosensors; Renilla-luciferin 2-monooxygenase; Prosthetic groups; Antibodies; Adaptations; Calcium; Lymphocytes B; Colony-forming cells; Pathogens; Carbon dioxide; Light effects; Ralstonia solanacearum; Geranium ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Specific detection and identification of Xylella fastidiosa strains causing oleander leaf scorch by polymerase chain reaction AN - 21114925; 10271471 AB - A pair of PCR primers, QH-OLS05/QH-OLS08, was developed that is specific for strains of Xylella fastidiosa causing oleander leaf scorch. The primers were designed based on DNA sequence of a randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR product unique to oleander strains. The PCR assay using primer pair QH-OLS05/QH-OLS08 allowed quick and simple detection and identification of oleander strains in cultured bacterium and infected plant samples. The assay can also be applied to insect samples. Specific detection and identification of oleander strains of X. fastidiosa by PCR is useful for epidemiological and etiological studies of oleander leaf scorch by identifying what plants and insect vectors harbor or carry this particular strain of X. fastidiosa, especially in locations where mixed natural infections by oleander and other strains of X. fastidiosa occur. JF - Phytopathology AU - Huang, Q AD - Floral and Nursery Plants Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Nerium oleander KW - Xylella fastidiosa KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Vectors KW - Primers KW - Leaf scorch KW - Infection KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - N 14815:Nucleotide Sequence KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases KW - K 03310:Genetics & Taxonomy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21114925?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Specific+detection+and+identification+of+Xylella+fastidiosa+strains+causing+oleander+leaf+scorch+by+polymerase+chain+reaction&rft.au=Huang%2C+Q&rft.aulast=Huang&rft.aufirst=Q&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S55&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nucleotide sequence; Vectors; Polymerase chain reaction; Primers; Infection; Leaf scorch; Xylella fastidiosa; Nerium oleander ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genetic and pathogenic relatedness of Pseudoperonospora cubensis and P. humuli: Implications for detection and management AN - 21105599; 10272261 JF - Phytopathology AU - Gent, D H AU - Mitchell, M N AU - Holmes, G J AD - USDA-ARS, Dept Botany and Plant Path., Oregon State Univ., Corvallis, OR 97330, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Genetics KW - Pseudoperonospora cubensis KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - G 07880:Human Genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21105599?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Genetic+and+pathogenic+relatedness+of+Pseudoperonospora+cubensis+and+P.+humuli%3A+Implications+for+detection+and+management&rft.au=Gent%2C+D+H%3BMitchell%2C+M+N%3BHolmes%2C+G+J&rft.aulast=Gent&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S171&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genetics; Pseudoperonospora cubensis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Detection of Predation Using qPCR: Effect of Prey Quantity, Elapsed Time, Chaser Diet, and Sample Preservation on Detectable Quantity of Prey DNA AN - 21083280; 11203576 AB - Using quantitative PCR that amplified a prey-specific mtDNA 214 bp amplicon from the COI mitochondrial gene of the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), prey eggs of known age and number were fed to larvae of the generalist predator lady beetle Coleomegilla maculata (De Geer) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), to elucidate the effects of time and diet since consumption, number of prey eggs, and methods for sample fixation and preservation, on the quantity of target DNA detected. Signal was strongly attenuated directly after cessation of feeding, even when predators were immediately frozen at -20C. However, the quantity of target detected was significantly related to the number of eggs consumed and the time elapsed since eating. Decrease in detected prey DNA was consistent with a negative exponential model. The target DNA sequence disappeared from starved predators (quantitative half-life estimate of 59 min) more slowly than those fed potato aphids after consuming the target prey eggs (half-life estimate 16 min), whereas those fed C. maculata eggs as a chaser were intermediate in the rate at which they degraded the target prey DNA sequence. Fixative protocols are of critical importance in proper use of the qPCR technique. Among seven methods tested, storing the predator immediately in 70% ethanol prechilled to -20C yielded the highest amount of target sequence, 22.8% of that recovered directly from a single intact prey egg. Samples frozen without solvent at -80C and -20C yielded only 6.0% and 2.3% of the target DNA respectively, and room temperature ethanol and ethylene glycol-based antifreeze averaged below 1% recovery of target DNA. Nevertheless, target prey was detected in more than 80% of antifreeze-stored predators. Predators killed and held at room temperature for 4 h or 5 days yielded no target prey DNA in 18 of 20 cases. These results emphasize both the value and the complexities of application of the qPCR technique to field predation studies. JF - Journal of Insect Science (Tucson) AU - Weber, Donald C AU - Lundgren, Jonathan G AD - USDA Agricultural Research Service, North Central Agricultural Research Laboratory, 2923 Medary Avenue, Brookings, SD 57006 U.S.A Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1 EP - 12 PB - University of Wisconsin Library, 1510 East University Tucson AZ 85721-0055 USA VL - 9 IS - 41 SN - 1536-2442, 1536-2442 KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Ecology Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - Age KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Aphididae KW - Predation KW - Mitochondria KW - Predators KW - Coleomegilla maculata KW - Eggs KW - Models KW - Fixatives KW - Solanum tuberosum KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Coccinellidae KW - Prey KW - Chrysomelidae KW - Ethanol KW - Diets KW - Temperature effects KW - Feeding KW - Coleoptera KW - Solvents KW - Antifreezes KW - Mitochondrial DNA KW - Ethylene KW - Preservation KW - Leptinotarsa decemlineata KW - Z 05340:Ecology and Behavior KW - N 14815:Nucleotide Sequence KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21083280?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Insect+Science+%28Tucson%29&rft.atitle=Detection+of+Predation+Using+qPCR%3A+Effect+of+Prey+Quantity%2C+Elapsed+Time%2C+Chaser+Diet%2C+and+Sample+Preservation+on+Detectable+Quantity+of+Prey+DNA&rft.au=Weber%2C+Donald+C%3BLundgren%2C+Jonathan+G&rft.aulast=Weber&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=41&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Insect+Science+%28Tucson%29&rft.issn=15362442&rft_id=info:doi/10.1673%2F031.009.4101 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-12-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Diets; Feeding; Age; Nucleotide sequence; Predation; Solvents; Mitochondria; Predators; Antifreezes; Eggs; Models; Mitochondrial DNA; Fixatives; Polymerase chain reaction; Preservation; Ethylene; Prey; Ethanol; Coleoptera; Solanum tuberosum; Aphididae; Coccinellidae; Coleomegilla maculata; Leptinotarsa decemlineata; Chrysomelidae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1673/031.009.4101 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Floodplain Ecosystem Restoration: Commodity Markets, Environmental Services, and the Farm Bill AN - 21083089; 11203234 AB - Economic and cultural values, the same forces that led people to alter floodplain ecosystems, will be the forces that determine the extent of their restoration. Landowner investment in agricultural production and forest and hydrologic restoration will reflect perceived economic returns from investments, as well as personal preferences for the environmental services each land use provides. Conservation programs and emerging environmental markets can encourage floodplain restoration, but will be effective only if they improve economic returns from bottomland management relative to other land uses. Over the past three years, prices for corn, soybeans, wheat, and other agricultural commodities have increased sharply, increasing returns to crop production and decreasing the amount of marginally profitable cropland, land most likely to be restored to bottomland hardwoods. Understanding commodity price dynamics is critical for understanding the potential for retiring cropland into bottomlands. Often Farm Bill conservation title provisions attract the greatest attention regarding bottomland hardwood restoration. However, the commodity title, which sets commodity price supports, and energy policy, need to be considered because commodity and energy policy effect returns from bottomland hardwood restoration. JF - Wetlands AU - Hyberg, Bengt T AU - Riley, Pete Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 527 EP - 534 PB - Society of Wetland Scientists, P.O. Box 1897 Lawrence KS 66044 USA VL - 29 IS - 2 SN - 0277-5212, 0277-5212 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Farms KW - Ecosystems KW - Prices KW - Agricultural production KW - Forests KW - cultural values KW - crop production KW - Freshwater KW - flood plains KW - Hardwoods KW - Environmental factors KW - corn KW - Triticum aestivum KW - farms KW - Economics KW - Wetlands KW - Investment KW - soybeans KW - wheat KW - Policies KW - hardwoods KW - agricultural land KW - Hardwood KW - Land use KW - Flood Plains KW - Cropland KW - Crop production KW - Flood plains KW - Perception KW - energy policy KW - Habitat improvement KW - Energy KW - Conservation KW - Bottomland KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - Q1 08463:Habitat community studies KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21083089?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wetlands&rft.atitle=Floodplain+Ecosystem+Restoration%3A+Commodity+Markets%2C+Environmental+Services%2C+and+the+Farm+Bill&rft.au=Hyberg%2C+Bengt+T%3BRiley%2C+Pete&rft.aulast=Hyberg&rft.aufirst=Bengt&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=527&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wetlands&rft.issn=02775212&rft_id=info:doi/10.1672%2F08-132.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Policies; Flood plains; Habitat improvement; Wetlands; Environmental factors; Land use; Crop production; Farms; Energy; Economics; Conservation; Hardwoods; wheat; Agricultural production; hardwoods; Forests; agricultural land; crop production; cultural values; flood plains; corn; energy policy; Perception; farms; soybeans; Cropland; Flood Plains; Ecosystems; Prices; Investment; Hardwood; Bottomland; Triticum aestivum; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1672/08-132.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Photoreaction of indole-containing mycotoxins to fluorescent products AN - 21052921; 11305618 AB - Photochemical reaction of the non-fluorescent mycotoxin cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) to fluorescent products was recently reported. Because CPA contains an indole moiety, believed to contribute to the fluorescence, it was of interest to determine whether the effect might be more generally applicable to indole-containing mycotoxins. Three indole-containing tremorgens (penitrem A, paxilline, verruculogen) that have not previously been reported to be fluorescent were rendered fluorescent by exposure to ultraviolet light in a photoreactor. Naturally fluorescent ergot alkaloids, which also contain an indole-moiety, exhibited a diminished response after exposure. This suggests that the phenomenon may be most useful for detection of indole-containing tremorgens that are non-fluorescent, rather than for the enhancement of materials that are already fluorescent, such as the ergot alkaloids. The extent to which fluorescence enhancement was seen was strongly influenced by the reaction environment, in particular the solvent used and whether cyclodextrins were present. In an HPLC format, placement of the photoreactor post-column allowed for the fluorescence detection of penitrem A, paxilline, and verruculogen. The ability to photoreact indole-containing tremorgens and detect them by fluorescence may open up new avenues for detection of these mycotoxins alone or in combination. JF - Mycotoxin Research AU - Maragos, C M AD - Mycotoxin Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Services, US Department of Agriculture, 1815 N. University Street, Peoria, IL 61604, USA, chris.maragos@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 67 EP - 75 PB - Lehrstuhl fur Hygiene und Technologie der Milch, LMU Munchen Oberschleissheim D-85764 Germany VL - 25 IS - 2 SN - 0178-7888, 0178-7888 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Toxicology Abstracts KW - High-performance liquid chromatography KW - Mycotoxins KW - Alkaloids KW - cyclopiazonic acid KW - Fluorescence KW - U.V. radiation KW - cyclodextrin KW - Indole KW - Solvents KW - Ergot KW - X 24370:Natural Toxins KW - A 01310:Products of Microorganisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21052921?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mycotoxin+Research&rft.atitle=Photoreaction+of+indole-containing+mycotoxins+to+fluorescent+products&rft.au=Maragos%2C+C+M&rft.aulast=Maragos&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mycotoxin+Research&rft.issn=01787888&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12550-009-0010-6 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - High-performance liquid chromatography; cyclopiazonic acid; Alkaloids; Mycotoxins; cyclodextrin; U.V. radiation; Fluorescence; Indole; Solvents; Ergot DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12550-009-0010-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Isolation, cultivation, and Koch's postulates of the HLB bacterium AN - 21027918; 10272219 AB - Huanglongbing (HLB) is a serious bacterial disease of citrus, world-wide. One of the three suspected pathogens of HLB, Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus, emerged in 2005 in Florida. Recent findings of the psyllid (Diaphorina citri) vector of HLB in Southern California pose a potential threat of introducing the pathogen into California. The suspected causal agents Ca. L. asiaticus, Ca. L. americanus, and Ca. L. africanus are phloem-limited bacteria and have been only recently grown in pure culture (Sechler et al., 2009, Phytopathology, In Press). Isolations from infected tissue were made by streaking extracts of sterilized leaf petioles onto Liber A agar. Plates were sealed and incubated for 3-4 d at 28C, until colonies were visible with a binocular microscope. The colonies were 0.1 mm or less in diameter and irregular shaped after 7 d. Cells were 0.3 to 0.4 x 0.5 to 0.8 urn with numerous fimbriae. Inoculation of citrus seedlings and trees with cultured bacteria resulted in typical symptoms of HLB. The symptomatic tissue and typical isolated bacteria were positive by a Ca. L. asiaticus-speeific real-time PCR assay. JF - Phytopathology AU - Schaad, N AU - Sechler, A AU - Schuenzel, E AD - USDA-ARS, Ft. Detrick, MD, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Entomology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Citrus KW - Pure culture KW - Bacteria KW - Agar KW - Trees KW - Microscopes KW - Leaves KW - Pathogens KW - Colonies KW - Pili KW - Inoculation KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Diaphorina citri KW - Seedlings KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - Z 05350:Medical, Veterinary, and Agricultural Entomology KW - J 02320:Cell Biology KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21027918?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Isolation%2C+cultivation%2C+and+Koch%27s+postulates+of+the+HLB+bacterium&rft.au=Schaad%2C+N%3BSechler%2C+A%3BSchuenzel%2C+E&rft.aulast=Schaad&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pure culture; Agar; Colonies; Pili; Trees; Microscopes; Leaves; Inoculation; Polymerase chain reaction; Seedlings; Pathogens; Citrus; Bacteria; Diaphorina citri ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Changes in hyporheic exchange flow following experimental wood removal in a small, low-gradient stream AN - 21024218; 10069459 AB - We investigated the response of hyporheic exchange flow (HEF) to wood removal in a small, low-gradient, gravel bed stream in southeast Alaska using a series of groundwater models built to simulate HEF for the initial conditions immediately after wood removal and 1 month, 2 years, 4 years, and 16 years following wood removal. The models were based on topographic surveys of the stream channel and surrounding floodplain, and surveyed water surface elevations (WSEs) were used to assign stream boundary conditions. Using the groundwater flow model, MODFLOW, and the particle tracking model, MODPATH, we calculated hyporheic exchange fluxes, their residence time distributions, and both longitudinal and plan view spatial patterns of downwelling and upwelling zones. In the first few years, streambed scour and sediment deposition smoothed the streambed and WSE profile, reducing HEF. Also, large contiguous patches of downwelling or upwelling were fragmented, nearly doubling the total number of patches present on the streambed. As the stream continued to adjust to the loss of wood, those trends began to reverse. Accretion of sediment onto alternating bars resulted in better developed pool-riffle morphology, enhanced HEF, and increased residence times and also resulted in downwelling and upwelling zones coalescing into elongated patches along bar margins. This study showed that the hyporheic zone is sensitive to changes in wood loading and that initial changes in HEF resulting from the direct effects of wood removal were contrary to longer-term channel adjustments to changes in wood loading. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Wondzell, Steven M AU - Lanier, Justin AU - Haggerty, Roy AU - Woodsmith, Richard D AU - Edwards, Richard T AD - Olympia Forestry Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Forest Service, USDA, Olympia, Washington, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 USA, [mailto:service@agu.org] VL - 45 IS - 5 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - W05406 KW - hyporheic KW - residence time KW - large wood KW - streams KW - channel morphology KW - 0483 Biogeosciences: Riparian systems (0744, 1856) KW - 1803 Hydrology: Anthropogenic effects (4802, 4902) KW - 1813 Hydrology: Eco-hydrology KW - 1825 Hydrology: Geomorphology: fluvial (1625) KW - 1829 Hydrology: Groundwater hydrology KW - Upwelling KW - Residence time KW - Fluvial Sediments KW - Freshwater KW - Streams KW - Boundary conditions KW - Accretion KW - Hydrology KW - Initial conditions KW - Sedimentation KW - USA, Alaska KW - Rivers KW - Streambeds KW - Downwelling KW - Groundwater flow KW - Hardwood KW - Tracking KW - Model Studies KW - Channels KW - Scouring KW - Flood plains KW - Groundwater flow models KW - Groundwater models KW - Deposition KW - Water resources research KW - Groundwater Movement KW - Patchiness KW - Q2 09264:Sediments and sedimentation KW - M2 556.16:Runoff (556.16) KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality KW - SW 2010:Control of water on the surface UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21024218?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Changes+in+hyporheic+exchange+flow+following+experimental+wood+removal+in+a+small%2C+low-gradient+stream&rft.au=Wondzell%2C+Steven+M%3BLanier%2C+Justin%3BHaggerty%2C+Roy%3BWoodsmith%2C+Richard+D%3BEdwards%2C+Richard+T&rft.aulast=Wondzell&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2008WR007214 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Accretion; Scouring; Flood plains; Residence time; Hydrology; Sedimentation; Patchiness; Tracking; Groundwater flow models; Downwelling; Upwelling; Groundwater models; Groundwater flow; Initial conditions; Water resources research; Boundary conditions; Channels; Streambeds; Fluvial Sediments; Deposition; Groundwater Movement; Streams; Hardwood; Model Studies; USA, Alaska; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008WR007214 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecules and beyond: assessing the distinctness of the Great Lakes wolf AN - 21020307; 9424738 AB - The dog family, Canidae, is a widely distributed group of species that have evolved and radiated relatively recently into 16 genera and 36 recognized species (Nowak 1999). Specific taxonomic designations for some canid taxa can be unclear due to frequent interspecific hybridization among species in both historical and contemporary times, and our imperfect molecular genetic approaches for determining among a series of hypotheses regarding hybridization and evolution. In this issue of Molecular Ecology, Koblmueller et al. tackle the difficult topic of Great Lakes wolf taxonomy and present data that suggest this taxon is currently genetically distinct despite a long history of human persecution and hybridization with related taxa. JF - Molecular Ecology AU - Schwartz, Michael K AU - Vucetich, John A AD - *USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station, 800 E. Beckwith Ave., Missoula, MT 59801, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 2307 EP - 2309 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road VL - 18 IS - 11 SN - 0962-1083, 0962-1083 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - Canis lupus KW - conservation biology KW - distinct KW - restoration KW - sampling KW - wolf KW - Ecology KW - Historical account KW - Lakes KW - Data processing KW - North America, Great Lakes KW - Interspecific hybridization KW - Taxonomy KW - taxa KW - taxonomy KW - Canidae KW - Evolution KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - G 07750:Ecological & Population Genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21020307?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Ecology&rft.atitle=Molecules+and+beyond%3A+assessing+the+distinctness+of+the+Great+Lakes+wolf&rft.au=Schwartz%2C+Michael+K%3BVucetich%2C+John+A&rft.aulast=Schwartz&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2307&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Disease&rft.issn=01912917&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPDIS-93-6-0560 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data processing; Interspecific hybridization; Taxonomy; Evolution; Ecology; Historical account; Lakes; taxonomy; taxa; Canidae; North America, Great Lakes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2009.04177.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genetic diversity of citrus huanglongbing bacterium 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus' AN - 21018255; 10272151 AB - Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (Las) is one of the most important species associated with citrus Huanglongbing (HLB) worldwide, and is the only species detected in Florida to date. However, different types of symptoms and different bacterial titers were observed in HLB-affected citrus and periwinkles both in the field and greenhouse. It is interesting to note that the different HLB phenotypes on periwinkles can be maintained by graft transmission. In this study, eight of HLB-infected citrus, periwinkle plants with distinct symptoms were used to construct different library based on rRNA operon, outer membrane protein (OMP) gene and rplKJAL-rpoB loci. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), were found in all the libraries, raging 1.7 to 12%. But there is no significant deletion and insertion in these genetic loci. These results indicated that Las bacteria present as a mixed population in a single ecological niche, which could be important for the disease complex. Our recently completion of Las genome sequencing allowed us to decipher further on the genetic diversity of Las bacterium using other variable loci. JF - Phytopathology AU - Zhou, L AD - Horticulture Researsh Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Fort Pierce, FL, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Genetics Abstracts KW - Citrus KW - Genomes KW - Bacteria KW - outer membrane proteins KW - Niches KW - Genetic diversity KW - Greenhouses KW - rRNA KW - Single-nucleotide polymorphism KW - Insertion KW - Omp protein KW - Operons KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21018255?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Genetic+diversity+of+citrus+huanglongbing+bacterium+%27Candidatus+Liberibacter+asiaticus%27&rft.au=Zhou%2C+L&rft.aulast=Zhou&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S151&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; rRNA; outer membrane proteins; Insertion; Single-nucleotide polymorphism; Niches; Omp protein; Genetic diversity; Operons; Greenhouses; Citrus; Bacteria ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of an ATP/ADP translocase in the citrus huanglongbing bacterium, Candidatus Liberibacter AN - 21002201; 10272048 AB - Citrus huanglongbing (HLB), a disease currently threatening the citrus industry worldwide, has been associated with three different species of Alphaproteobacteria known as Candidatus Liberibacter. A complete genome sequence was recently obtained via metagenomics for Ca. L. asiaticus (Las), the prominent species of the bacteria found within the United States. Because of its rapid spread and devastating effects, efforts are underway to decipher the genetic information found within the genome of this obligate-intracellular pathogen for targets, which may be used to control this deadly disease. One putative protein target encoded by Las is that of an ATP/ADP translocase. This enzyme has been shown to directly import ATP into a cell from its surroundings, thus allowing the bacteria act as an energy parasite on its host. The ATP/ADP translocase identified in Las contains the 12 transmembrane helices typical of this class of proteins and has an isoelectric point of 9.3. Although the bacterial translocase has been characterized in other intercellular parasites such as Chlamydia trachomatis and Rickettsia prowazeki, it has not been characterized in a plant bacterial pathogen. Here, we have analyzed the use of this system as a possible target to combat the Ca. Liberibacter species. JF - Phytopathology AU - Vahling, C M AU - Duan, Y AU - Hall, D AD - USDA-ARS, Ft. Pierce, FL, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Citrus KW - Genomes KW - Bacteria KW - translocase KW - Parasites KW - Isoelectric points KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Chlamydia trachomatis KW - ATP KW - Enzymes KW - Pathogens KW - Energy KW - Rickettsia KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21002201?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+an+ATP%2FADP+translocase+in+the+citrus+huanglongbing+bacterium%2C+Candidatus+Liberibacter&rft.au=Vahling%2C+C+M%3BDuan%2C+Y%3BHall%2C+D&rft.aulast=Vahling&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S133&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Parasites; translocase; Isoelectric points; Energy; Nucleotide sequence; Enzymes; ATP; Pathogens; Citrus; Bacteria; Rickettsia; Chlamydia trachomatis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Risk Assessment Model for Importation of United States Milling Wheat Containing Tilletia contraversa AN - 21001974; 9382738 AB - Dwarf bunt of wheat, caused by the fungal pathogen Tilletia contraversa J.G. Kiihn, infects fall sown (winter) wheat. Symptoms of this systemic disease include increased tillering, dwarfing, and shorted culms. Typically in infected plants, developing seeds are replaced by fungal sori containing teliospores. Harvesting and processing of infected grain, including conveyance, mixing, and blending operations, rupture the sori and release teliospores into the grain. At the farm level, when T. contraversa - susceptible cultivars are grown in a dwarf bunt-conducive area, disease can result in loss of grain quality. Such grain is rejected as "smutty" under United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) grain quality standards and is diverted to animal feed and not introduced into the U.S. export conveyance system. As a result of these standards, the levels of T. contraversa teliospores in export grain are generally low. JF - Plant Disease AU - Peterson, G L AU - Whitaker, T B AU - Stefanski, R J AU - Podleckis, E V AU - Phillips, J G AU - Wu, J S AU - Martinez, W H AD - USDA-ARS-FDWSRU, 1301 Ditto Ave., Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA, gary.peterson@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 560 VL - 93 IS - 6 SN - 0191-2917, 0191-2917 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Agriculture KW - Risk assessment KW - Seeds KW - Plant diseases KW - Farms KW - Bunt KW - Rupture KW - Pathogens KW - Importation KW - Sori KW - Tilletia KW - Triticum aestivum KW - Grain KW - Teliospores KW - Harvesting KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21001974?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Disease&rft.atitle=A+Risk+Assessment+Model+for+Importation+of+United+States+Milling+Wheat+Containing+Tilletia+contraversa&rft.au=Peterson%2C+G+L%3BWhitaker%2C+T+B%3BStefanski%2C+R+J%3BPodleckis%2C+E+V%3BPhillips%2C+J+G%3BWu%2C+J+S%3BMartinez%2C+W+H&rft.aulast=Peterson&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=560&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Disease&rft.issn=01912917&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPDIS-93-6-0560 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Agriculture; Plant diseases; Seeds; Farms; Bunt; Rupture; Pathogens; Sori; Importation; Grain; Teliospores; Harvesting; Triticum aestivum; Tilletia DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-93-6-0560 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sugar Beet Cultivar Evaluation for Storability and Rhizomania Resistance AN - 20999043; 9382746 AB - To reduce storage losses and improve resistance to rhizomania caused by Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV), studies were initiated to establish a storage cultivar selection program. In 2006 and 2007, 30 or more commercial sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) cultivars were grown in soil naturally infested with BNYVV. At harvest, two root samples from each plot were collected and used to establish percent sugar. Additional samples were placed on top of an indoor pile (set point 1.7C) and inside an outdoor pile in a randomized complete block design with four replications. After 142 and 159 days in indoor storage, sucrose reduction ranged from 13 to 90% in 2007 and 57 to 100% in 2008. Outdoor storage sucrose reduction ranged from 13 to 32% in 2007 and 28 to 60% in 2008. An average of 31 and 45% of the root surface was covered with fungal growth in 2007 and 2008, respectively. Cultivars that retained the most sucrose had resistance to BNYVV and the least fungal growth and weight loss. Indoor storage with BNYVV-infested roots allowed for the most consistent cultivar separation and will potentially lead to selection of cultivars for improved storability and rhizomania resistance. JF - Plant Disease AU - Strausbaugh, CA AU - Eujayl, I AU - Rearick, E AU - Foote, P AU - Elison, D AD - USDA-ARS NWISRL, 3793 North 3600 East, Kimberly, ID 83341, USA, Carl.Strausbaugh@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 632 EP - 638 VL - 93 IS - 6 SN - 0191-2917, 0191-2917 KW - Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Soil KW - Plant diseases KW - Veins KW - Replication KW - Sucrose KW - Beta vulgaris KW - Beet necrotic yellow vein virus KW - Roots KW - Rhizomania KW - Disease resistance KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - V 22420:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20999043?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Disease&rft.atitle=Bacterial+Brown+Leaf+Spot+of+Citrus%2C+a+New+Disease+Caused+by+Burkholderia+andropogonis&rft.au=Duan%2C+Y+P%3BSun%2C+X%3BZhou%2C+L+J%3BGabriel%2C+D+W%3BBenyon%2C+L+S%3BGottwald%2C+T&rft.aulast=Duan&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=607&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Disease&rft.issn=01912917&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPDIS-93-6-0607 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Plant diseases; Veins; Replication; Sucrose; Rhizomania; Roots; Disease resistance; Beta vulgaris; Beet necrotic yellow vein virus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-93-6-0632 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Optimizing Copper Sulfate Treatments for Fungus Control on Channel Catfish Eggs AN - 20949572; 11010709 AB - This range-finding study determined the optimum concentration of copper sulfate (CuSO sub(4)) for fungus control on eggs of channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus. The study consisted of five CuSO sub(4) concentrations (2.5, 5, 10, 20, and 40 mg/L) and an untreated control in a flow-through system. A single spawn was used for each replication (N = 4). Eggs were treated daily until the embryos reached the eyed stage. When hatching was complete for all viable eggs, fry were counted to determine the percent survival in each treatment. Fungal growth was severe in the untreated controls; survival of hatched fry in the control group was approximately 2%. The optimum CuSO sub(4) treatment, as determined by percent survival of hatched fry, was 10 mg/L daily (69% survival); survival for this treatment group was significantly different from that for the controls. Very little fungus was present in treatments receiving 10-mg/L CuSO sub(4) or higher except in one replication that had approximately 40% unfertilized eggs. The average survival rates in the 0-, 2.5-, 5-, 10-, 20-, and 40-mg/L CuSO sub(4) treatments were 2, 34, 50, 69, 59, and 51%, respectively. JF - Journal of Aquatic Animal Health AU - Straus, David L AU - Mitchell, Andrew J AU - Carter, Ray R AU - Steeby, James A AD - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Harry K. Dupree Stuttgart National Aquaculture Research Center, Post Office Box 1050, Stuttgart, Arkansas 72160, USA, dave.straus@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 91 EP - 97 PB - American Fisheries Society, 5410 Grosvenor Ln. Bethesda MD 20814-2199 USA VL - 21 IS - 2 SN - 0899-7659, 0899-7659 KW - Channel catfish KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Aquatic animals KW - Replication KW - Fungi KW - Survival KW - Copper KW - Freshwater KW - Freshwater fish KW - Ictalurus punctatus KW - Eggs KW - Embryos KW - copper sulfate KW - Hatching KW - Fish culture KW - K 03410:Animal Diseases KW - Q1 08587:Diseases of Cultured Organisms KW - V 22320:Replication KW - X 24330:Agrochemicals KW - Q3 08587:Diseases of Cultured Organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20949572?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Aquatic+Animal+Health&rft.atitle=Optimizing+Copper+Sulfate+Treatments+for+Fungus+Control+on+Channel+Catfish+Eggs&rft.au=Straus%2C+David+L%3BMitchell%2C+Andrew+J%3BCarter%2C+Ray+R%3BSteeby%2C+James+A&rft.aulast=Straus&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=91&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Aquatic+Animal+Health&rft.issn=08997659&rft_id=info:doi/10.1577%2FH07-057.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aquatic animals; Fungi; Copper; Freshwater fish; Fish culture; Replication; Survival; Embryos; copper sulfate; Hatching; Eggs; Ictalurus punctatus; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/H07-057.1 ER - TY - CONF T1 - The threat of Ug99 stem rust and efforts towards breeding for resistance in wheat AN - 20882697; 10272427 AB - Breeding for resistance to stem rust in wheat throughout the world has been effective for over 30 years. This success has contributed to making the farm-to-table food supply chain in the United States the most effective in the world. Nevertheless, in 1999, a new race of stem rust (caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici) was detected in Uganda and has since spread east and north into Kenya, Ethiopia, Yemen, and Iran. The new race, designated Ug99, is virulent to the globally-deployed resistance gene, Sr31. Systematic screening of U.S. winter and spring wheat cultivars, breeding lines, and experimental germplasm began in 2005 in Njoro, Kenya. To date, nearly 10,000 lines have been screened for stem rust resistance in this program. Of the winter wheat cultivars in the U.S., about 65% of the hard red, 77% of the soft red, 72% of the hard white, and 93% of the soft white can be considered to be susceptible to moderately susceptible to Ug99 and its descendents having virulence to the widely deployed genes Sr24 and Sr36. The U.S. spring wheat cultivars and germplasm have greater vulnerability to Ug99 than do winter wheats. Good levels of resistance can be found in U.S. durum wheat. New sources of seedling and adult-plant resistance are being pyramided into adapted U.S. germplasm. JF - Phytopathology AU - Marshall, D Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Virulence KW - Triticum aestivum KW - Food chains KW - Stem rust KW - Germplasm KW - Plant breeding KW - Seedlings KW - Puccinia graminis KW - Races KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20882697?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=The+threat+of+Ug99+stem+rust+and+efforts+towards+breeding+for+resistance+in+wheat&rft.au=Marshall%2C+D&rft.aulast=Marshall&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S199&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Triticum mosaic virus: A distinct member of the family Potyviridae with an unusually long leader sequence AN - 20882611; 10272030 AB - The complete genome sequence of Triticum mosaic virus (TriMV), a member in the family Potyviridae, has been determined to be 10,266 nucleotides excluding the 3'-polyadenylated tail. The genome encodes a large polyprotein of 3,112 amino acids with the 'hall-mark proteins' of potyviruses including a small overlapping gene, PIPO, in the P3 cistron. The genome of TriMV has an unusually long 5'-nontranslated region of 739 nts with 12 translation initiation codons and three small open reading frames, which resemble those of the internal ribosome entry site containing 5'-leader sequences of the members of Picornaviridae. Pair-wise comparison of 10 putative mature proteins of TriMV with those of representative members of genera in the family Potyviridae revealed 33-44% amino acid identity within the highly conserved NIb protein sequence, and 15-29% amino acid identity within the least conserved P1 protein, suggesting that TriMV is a distinct member in the family Potyviridae. In contrast, TriMV displayed 47-65% amino acid sequence identity with available sequences of mature proteins of Sugarcane streak mosaic virus (SCSMV), an unassigned member of the Potyviridae. These data together with phylogenetic analyses of polyprotein, CI, NIa, NIb, and CP sequences of representative species of six genera of the Potyviridae suggest that TriMV and SCSMV should be classified in a new genus, and we propose the genus Trimovirus (Triticum mosaic virus) in the family Potyviridae with TriMV as the type member. JF - Phytopathology AU - Tatineni, S AU - Ziems, AD AU - Wegulo, S W AU - French, R C AD - USDA-ARS, Lincoln, NE, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - Phylogeny KW - Genomes KW - polyproteins KW - Triticum KW - Data processing KW - NIb protein KW - Tails KW - Translation initiation KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Nia KW - Streak KW - Cistrons KW - Potyviridae KW - Codons KW - Picornaviridae KW - Internal ribosome entry site KW - Conserved sequence KW - New genera KW - Open reading frames KW - p1 protein KW - Amino acid sequence KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - V 22420:Plant Diseases KW - K 03310:Genetics & Taxonomy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20882611?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Triticum+mosaic+virus%3A+A+distinct+member+of+the+family+Potyviridae+with+an+unusually+long+leader+sequence&rft.au=Tatineni%2C+S%3BZiems%2C+AD%3BWegulo%2C+S+W%3BFrench%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Tatineni&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Phylogeny; polyproteins; NIb protein; Data processing; Translation initiation; Tails; Nucleotide sequence; Streak; Cistrons; Codons; Conserved sequence; Internal ribosome entry site; New genera; p1 protein; Open reading frames; Amino acid sequence; Triticum; Potyviridae; Picornaviridae; Nia ER - TY - CONF T1 - Genetic diversity of polyketide synthase/nonribosomal peptide synthetase genes in isolates of the barley net blotch fungus Pyrenophora teres f. teres AN - 20882438; 10271683 AB - Polyketide synthases (PKSs) and nonribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs) are multifunctional enzymes responsible for biosynthesis of diverse small molecules (e.g., mycotoxins and phytotoxins) in filamentous ascomycetes. Both PKS and NRPS genes are present in fungal genomes as large gene families but only a few have been shown to be involved in pathogenesis. We have identified three PKS genes and six NRPS genes from the barley net blotch fungus Pyrenophora teres f. teres (Ptt). Each PttPKS/NRPS gene has been amplified by PCR from a total of twenty-three Ptt isolates collected from different geographic regions including Japan, Brazil and the USA. DNA sequencing indicates that PttPKS1, 2, NRPS1, 2 and 3, which are highly conserved (>90% similarity) in the closely related tan spot fungus P. triticirepentis (Ptr), have little variation among different Ptt isolates. In contrast, PttPKS3, NRPS4, 5 and 6, which are only weakly or moderately conserved (50-68% similarity) in Ptr, appear to be significantly divergent in Ptt populations. Differential PCR primers have revealed polymorphic patterns in PttPKS3 (from one Japanese isolate), NRPS4 (from three North Dakota isolates) and NRPS6 (from one Japanese, one Brazilian and two ND isolates), which is likely paralogous to NRPSS. These polymorphic PttPKS/NRPS genes will be further investigated through genetic and functional analyses for potential roles in mediating pathogen-host interactions in the Ptt-barley pathosystem. JF - Phytopathology AU - Lu, S AU - Friesen, T L Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Hordeum vulgare KW - Net blotch KW - Genomes KW - Polyketide synthase KW - Phytotoxins KW - Enzymes KW - Genetic diversity KW - Pyrenophora teres KW - Mycotoxins KW - DNA sequencing KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - NRPS gene KW - Primers KW - Ascomycetes KW - Tan spot KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20882438?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Genetic+diversity+of+polyketide+synthase%2Fnonribosomal+peptide+synthetase+genes+in+isolates+of+the+barley+net+blotch+fungus+Pyrenophora+teres+f.+teres&rft.au=Lu%2C+S%3BFriesen%2C+T+L&rft.aulast=Lu&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S77&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genetic diversity of Citrus tristeza virus isolates collected recently in California AN - 20882193; 10272142 AB - Surveys conducted over the past several years show a dramatic increase in CTV incidence in several locations in Central California. Our objective was to assess genetic diversity of CTV populations that are currently being spread and determine their phylogenetic relationship with representative isolates from collections established over the past 40 years at the Citrus Clonal Protection Program, Riverside, CA and CCTEA, Tulare, CA. Over 385 field isolates were assessed by RT-PCR, MMM analysis, SSCP and sequencing of the CP and other relevant genes, and qRT-PCR with strain-specific probes. More than 90% of these isolates had a T30-like genotype and 37 field isolates contained a non-standard (NS) CTV genotype. From 2000, field surveys have not detected severe CTV genotypes in either CTV eradicative or non-eradicative citrus districts in Central California. The NS isolates reacted with the CTV monoclonal antibody, MCA 13 but were mild in biological characterization tests. Sequence homology in the CP gene of the NS isolates was found with Poncirus trifoliata resistant-breaking CTV strains. Tests are underway to determine if these isolates replicate in P. trifoliata or its hybrids. Comparative analyses with collection isolates showed that NS genotype isolates have been occasionally intercepted in California since 1993. Knowledge of CTV population structure and dynamics are being used to design more effective strategies to mitigate diseases caused by severe strains of CTV. JF - Phytopathology AU - Yokomi, R K AU - Saponari, M AU - Metheney, P AU - Polek, M AU - Vidalakis, G AD - USDA ARS PWA, Parlier, CA, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Genetics Abstracts; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - Phylogeny KW - Poncirus trifoliata KW - Monoclonal antibodies KW - Single strand conformation polymorphism KW - Probes KW - Genetic diversity KW - Genotypes KW - Citrus tristeza virus KW - Homology KW - CP gene KW - Hybrids KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Population structure KW - Evolution KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - V 22420:Plant Diseases KW - K 03450:Ecology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20882193?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Genetic+diversity+of+Citrus+tristeza+virus+isolates+collected+recently+in+California&rft.au=Yokomi%2C+R+K%3BSaponari%2C+M%3BMetheney%2C+P%3BPolek%2C+M%3BVidalakis%2C+G&rft.aulast=Yokomi&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=645&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Disease&rft.issn=01912917&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPDIS-93-6-0645 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Phylogeny; Homology; Single strand conformation polymorphism; Monoclonal antibodies; Hybrids; CP gene; Probes; Polymerase chain reaction; Genetic diversity; Population structure; Genotypes; Evolution; Citrus tristeza virus; Poncirus trifoliata ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of broad spectrum Potato virus Y resistance in an Solatium tuberosum ssp. andigena-derived population and select breeding clones using molecular markers, grafting, and field inoculations AN - 20881992; 10272347 AB - Potato virus Y (PVY) causes yield loss in potato and PVY necrotic strains can cause potato tuber necrotic ringspot disease (PTRND) resulting in quality loss. Breeding for resistance to PVY can be achieved by incorporating the Ryadg gene from Solanum tuberosum ssp. andigena. Resistance obtained from the Ryadg gene has been shown to provide extreme resistance, defined as resistance to all strains. Past work in Europe has shown that Ryadg-based resistance has conferred resistance to PVYO and PVYN/NTN strains, but the resistance has not been tested against a new strain, PVYN:O, detected in North America. Molecular markers tightly linked to Ryadg have been developed and are being utilized for marker assisted selection (MAS) in potato breeding. Three molecular markers linked to Ryadg were used to screen a NY241-7 (PVY resistant) x GemStar Russet (PVY susceptible) breeding population and a set of 53 clones/cultivars in the USDA-ARS Aberdeen Potato Breeding program. The breeding population was mechanically and graft inoculated with three isolates each of PVYNTN, PVYN:O, and two PVYO isolates Results show a 1:1 segregation ratio of resistant to susceptible confirming that PVY-resistant parent, NY241-7, is simplex for Ryadg. Resistant progenies were resistant to all PVY strains and had the presence of markers linked to Ryadg whereas susceptible progenies were lacking the diagnostic markers. Use of the markers on the set of clones/cultivars shows that when positive results were obtained from all three markers, resistance was present, but differences between markers were noted in four resistant clones, three of which have S. stoloniferum background and one which has S. t. ssp. andigena background. Use of these markers shows that while some discrepancies exist, they are useful in MAS for PVY resistance against all PVY strains and their use can increase the selection efficiency for PVY resistance in breeding programs. JF - Phytopathology AU - Whitworth, J L AU - Novy, R G AU - Hall, D G AU - Crosslin, JM AU - Brown, C R AD - USDA-ARS, Aberdeen, ID, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - Potato virus Y KW - Breeding KW - Grafting KW - Solanum tuberosum KW - Inoculation KW - Progeny KW - Disease resistance KW - potato tuber necrotic ringspot KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - V 22420:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20881992?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+broad+spectrum+Potato+virus+Y+resistance+in+an+Solatium+tuberosum+ssp.+andigena-derived+population+and+select+breeding+clones+using+molecular+markers%2C+grafting%2C+and+field+inoculations&rft.au=Whitworth%2C+J+L%3BNovy%2C+R+G%3BHall%2C+D+G%3BCrosslin%2C+JM%3BBrown%2C+C+R&rft.aulast=Whitworth&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S187&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Grafting; Breeding; Inoculation; Progeny; Disease resistance; potato tuber necrotic ringspot; Potato virus Y; Solanum tuberosum ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Increased sustainability of potato and verticillium control with green manures of corn AN - 20881978; 10272336 JF - Phytopathology AU - Davis, J R AU - Huisman, O C AU - Westermann, D T AU - Schneider, A T AD - USDA-ARS, Kimberly, ID, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Manure KW - Solanum tuberosum KW - Verticillium KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20881978?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Disease&rft.atitle=Automated+Image+Analysis+of+the+Severity+of+Foliar+Citrus+Canker+Symptoms&rft.au=Bock%2C+CH%3BCook%2C+A+Z%3BParker%2C+P+E%3BGottwald%2C+T+R&rft.aulast=Bock&rft.aufirst=CH&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=660&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Disease&rft.issn=01912917&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPDIS-93-6-0660 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Manure; Solanum tuberosum; Verticillium ER - TY - CONF T1 - Update on APHIS PPQ 7 CRF 330 regulatory changes AN - 20881592; 10272328 AB - USDA, APHIS, Plant Protection and Quarantine is committed to improve customer service for plant pathogen and nematode permitting (form 526). E-Permits, our on-line application process, has improved service significantly by reducing lost paperwork, prompting applicants to reauthorize expiring permits, and electronically copying existing permits for the reauthorization process. Efforts to streamline permits for domestic pests this year has focused on fungi and nematodes. The first widely prevalent fungi list by state was submitted by APS (http://prevalentfungi.org/). PPQ consulted with all States and territories on whether permits for widely prevalent fungi could be expedited (i.e., organisms and conditions are preapproved by the States). Forty-five States agreed to expedite many widely prevalent fungi. These States had agreed previously to expedite certain viruses and bacteria. The list of States participating, the organisms, and the standard permitting conditions are available at http://www.aphis.usda.gov/plant_health/permits/organism/wpp/index. shtml. APS and PPQ expect that the widely prevalent nematode list by State will be completed by the end of 2009 and the expedited list by July 2010. PPQ envisions that changes in epermit software will allow organisms on the expedited list to be fully used without applicant knowledge of the organisms on the list or participating States. PPQ plans to propose these revisions to the plant pests and microbial biocontrol regulations (7CFR330) in the near future. This will address whether certain widely distributed pest or biocontrol agents will require an e-permit. JF - Phytopathology AU - White, J L AU - Wager-Page, S Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - Biological control KW - Plant protection KW - Fungi KW - Pest control KW - Territory KW - Pathogens KW - Aphis KW - Computer programs KW - software KW - Quarantine KW - Pests KW - Corticotropin-releasing hormone KW - Nematoda KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - V 22420:Plant Diseases KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20881592?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Update+on+APHIS+PPQ+7+CRF+330+regulatory+changes&rft.au=White%2C+J+L%3BWager-Page%2C+S&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S177&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Variants of antagonist Cryptococcus flavescens OH 182.9 with improved efficacy in reducing Fusarium head blight in greenhouse and field environments AN - 20881556; 10271898 AB - The inclusion of biological control agent Cryptococcus flavescens OH 182.9 in the integrated management of Fusarium head blight (FHB) has potential for significantly contributing to the reduction of FHB and deoxynivalenol (DON) in wheat. Experiments were conducted to determine if liquid culture growth conditions could be modified to promote the production of stable variants of OH 182.9 with improved efficacy compared to the wild-type progenitor strain. A protracted exposure of OH 182.9 to conditions adverse to cell growth resulted in the isolation of variants OH 182.9 3C and OH 182.9 4C. In greenhouse tests, variant 4C reduced head blight severity by 83% compared to 36% for the wild type (WT) strain. In two field trials on susceptible winter wheat, variants 3C and 4C reduced severity by 34% and 42% compared to the control (P < 0.05, Bonferroni) in one trial and 21% and 24% in another (NSD) while the WT strain had no consistent effect. For both field trials, treating flowering wheat heads with the fungicide Proline and variant 3C after 24 hours was the most successful treatment in reducing FHB severity (control vs. treated averages of 10.0% vs. 1.4%, respectively) and DON (10.0 vs 2.3 ppm, respectively). Similar trends, though to a lesser degree, were observed in field trials on a moderately FHB-resistant winter wheat. Enhanced efficacy variants of antagonist OH 182.9 warrant further study regarding their inclusion in the integrated management of FHB. JF - Phytopathology AU - Schisler, D AU - Boehm, MJ AU - Paul, P Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Biological control KW - Flowering KW - Fusarium KW - Proline KW - Head KW - Growth conditions KW - Cryptococcus KW - Greenhouses KW - Triticum aestivum KW - Stem cells KW - Vomitoxin KW - Blight KW - Liquid culture KW - Fungicides KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20881556?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Variants+of+antagonist+Cryptococcus+flavescens+OH+182.9+with+improved+efficacy+in+reducing+Fusarium+head+blight+in+greenhouse+and+field+environments&rft.au=Schisler%2C+D%3BBoehm%2C+MJ%3BPaul%2C+P&rft.aulast=Schisler&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S115&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 ER - TY - CONF T1 - QTL mapping of resistance to powdery mildew in lettuce AN - 20881455; 10271876 AB - Erysiphe cichoracearum causes powdery mildew on most compositae including lettuce and chicory. Variation in susceptibility has been documented both in cultivated lettuce and wild relatives. Little is known about the genetic architecture of resistance to the pathogen, but monogenic resistance has been reported. We have used a set of recombinant inbred lines between L. sativa var. Salinas and L. serriola to map quantitative resistance to powdery mildew through the application of newly developed genomic and EST-SSR markers distributed along the lettuce genome. Quantitative assessment of disease development took place in the greenhouse in Salinas, CA during the winter of 2008-2009 using a 0-5 scoring scale. Disease development was faster in L. serriola than in L. sativa. Phenotypic data were normally distributed, indicative of a quantitative trait. A framework map was obtained from the Compositae genome project database and our SSR markers were assigned to known linkage groups. Resistance data were added both as disease assessment at scoring dates and as an approximation of AUDPC. A QTL for resistance was located to linkage group 2 associated with the EST-SSR marker SML22, it explains about 15% of the variation. QTLs for susceptibility were found in linkage groups 1, 4 and 8 making them interesting areas for further research. JF - Phytopathology AU - Rauscher, G AU - Hayes, R AU - Simko, I Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Erysiphe cichoracearum KW - Genomes KW - Quantitative trait loci KW - Databases KW - Data processing KW - Inbreeding KW - Pathogens KW - genomics KW - Powdery mildew KW - Greenhouses KW - Gene mapping KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20881455?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=QTL+mapping+of+resistance+to+powdery+mildew+in+lettuce&rft.au=Rauscher%2C+G%3BHayes%2C+R%3BSimko%2C+I&rft.aulast=Rauscher&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Efficacy of bumble bee disseminated biological control agents (BCAs) for control of Botrytis blossom blight of rabbiteye blueberry AN - 20881399; 10271921 JF - Phytopathology AU - Smith, B J AU - Sampson, B J AU - Walter, M AD - USDA-ARS Southern Horticultural Laboratory, Poplarville, MS, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Biological control KW - Blossom blight KW - Vaccinium KW - Botrytis KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20881399?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Efficacy+of+bumble+bee+disseminated+biological+control+agents+%28BCAs%29+for+control+of+Botrytis+blossom+blight+of+rabbiteye+blueberry&rft.au=Smith%2C+B+J%3BSampson%2C+B+J%3BWalter%2C+M&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S121&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological control; Blossom blight; Vaccinium; Botrytis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biologically active transcripts of Oat blue dwarf virus (OBDV) - the first infectious clone of a Marafivirus AN - 20880854; 10270758 AB - Marafiviruses are a small group of phloem-limited, leafhopper-borne viruses closely related to those in the Tymovirus genus. We now report the development of infectious cDNA clones of OBDV - the first such clones of any marafivirus. Prior to clone construction, the reported sequence of the 5' and 3' ends was confirmed using 5' RACE, primer extension, and ligation-anchored PCR. Primers designed to published terminal sequences and internal regions were used to generate 5' and 3' amplicons subsequently fused into full-length clones. The 5' primer incorporated the T7 RNA polymerase promoter sequence to facilitate production of RNA transcripts. The 3' primer incorporated 28 adenosine residues and an Spe I restriction site to allow clone linearization prior to transcription. Using vascular puncture of maize seeds with capped transcripts, multiple clones were shown to be infectious at an average rate of 24.3% (range 14-36%), as determined by ELISA. Proteins and RNAs consistent in size with those expected in OBDV infection were detected in young leaves via western and northern blotting, respectively. Aster leafhoppers successfully transmitted OBDV to oats and barley after feeding on detached, infected maize leaves. Infectious clones of these viruses will be valuable in further studies of marafivirus functional genomics, the interaction of the virus with its insect and plant hosts, and the relationships between marafiviruses and others within the family Tymoviridae. JF - Phytopathology AU - Edwards, M C AU - Weiland, J J AD - USDA-ARS, Cereal Crops Research Unit, Fargo, ND, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Entomology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - Hordeum vulgare KW - Marafivirus KW - Feeding KW - Seeds KW - Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Oat blue dwarf virus KW - Leaves KW - Transcription KW - Aster KW - Infection KW - Northern blotting KW - Promoters KW - DNA-directed RNA polymerase KW - Tymovirus KW - Zea mays KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Primers KW - genomics KW - Plant viruses KW - Adenosine KW - Vascular system KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - V 22420:Plant Diseases KW - Z 05360:Genetics and Evolution KW - N 14830:RNA KW - K 03310:Genetics & Taxonomy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20880854?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Biologically+active+transcripts+of+Oat+blue+dwarf+virus+%28OBDV%29+-+the+first+infectious+clone+of+a+Marafivirus&rft.au=Edwards%2C+M+C%3BWeiland%2C+J+J&rft.aulast=Edwards&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S31&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Feeding; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Seeds; Nucleotide sequence; Leaves; Transcription; Infection; Promoters; Northern blotting; DNA-directed RNA polymerase; Polymerase chain reaction; Primers; genomics; Plant viruses; Adenosine; Vascular system; Marafivirus; Hordeum vulgare; Zea mays; Tymovirus; Oat blue dwarf virus; Aster ER - TY - CONF T1 - Susceptibility of sprouted oak acorns to Phytophthora ramorum zoospores AN - 20880727; 10272444 AB - Phytophthora ramorum is a recently emerged pathogen having established in Europe and several western U.S. states, including California and Oregon. It has a wide host range and is a threat to forest ecology and the nursery industry. In California, coast live oak (Quercus agrifolia) is a major host in natural settings. Although P. ramorum has not established in the eastern U.S., artificial stem and foliar inoculations have demonstrated that native eastern Quercus spp. are susceptible when inoculated with sporangia. The purpose of this study was to determine if the primary roots of different Quercus spp. native to the eastern U.S. could be infected by P. ramorum zoospores, which could be released from sporangia into natural water run-off. Sprouted acorns of Q. rubra, Q. palustrus, Q. coccinia, Q. alba, Q. michauxii and Q. prinus were exposed to motile zoospores (3000/ml) of P. ramorum for 1, 6, or 24 h, rinsed in water to remove any nonattached cysts, and transplanted to potting soil. After 4 weeks, the roots were weighed, surface sterilized, plated on PARPH+V8 selective medium and incubated for 5 to 7 days at 20C. Developing P. ramorum was identified visually based upon colony morphology and characteristic chlamydospores and sporangia. Results showed that the primary roots of all oak species tested were susceptible to P. ramorum zoospores, and that infection could occur when exposed for only 1 h to the inoculum. Root weights were not negatively impacted by exposure to P. ramorum after 4 weeks, regardless of the oak species (P = 0.746). JF - Phytopathology AU - Widmer, T L AU - Dodge, S C Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Quercus agrifolia KW - Sporangia KW - Coccinia KW - Host range KW - Roots KW - Pathogens KW - Infection KW - Cysts KW - Soil KW - Colonies KW - Zoospores KW - Chlamydospores KW - Quercus KW - Inoculation KW - Inoculum KW - Phytophthora KW - Coasts KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20880727?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Susceptibility+of+sprouted+oak+acorns+to+Phytophthora+ramorum+zoospores&rft.au=Widmer%2C+T+L%3BDodge%2C+S+C&rft.aulast=Widmer&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S205&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Detection limit of Phytophthora ramorum-infected Rhododendron leaves using the Cepheid SmartCycler AN - 20880702; 10272442 AB - The Sudden Oak Death pathogen, Phytophthora ramorum, has killed thousands of trees in the coastal forests of California and has affected numerous other plant species in nurseries by causing a range of symptoms from small lesions to plant death. The devastating impact of this pathogen has prompted quarantines to prevent pathogen spread and increased sampling to identify infected areas. Since lesions vary in their size and number, the goal of this study was to determine the smallest amount of tissue needed to consistently detect P. ramorum from Rhododendron 'Cunningham White' plants. Using a previously described mitochondrial based real-time PCR assay and a Cepheid SmartCycler+, DNA samples extracted from symptomatic and asymptomatic tissues were tested. Consistently reproducible results were possible with as little as 19.2 mm2 of tissue taken from the margin of a lesion. Increasing the amount of infected tissue for the DNA extraction did not seem to improve detection. Varied results were obtained for DNA samples extracted from asymptomatic leaf tissues. JF - Phytopathology AU - Sechler, KE AU - Carras, M M AU - Shishkoff, N AU - Tooley, P W Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Trees KW - Leaves KW - Quarantine KW - Mitochondria KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Forests KW - Rhododendron KW - Phytophthora KW - Pathogens KW - Sampling KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20880702?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Detection+limit+of+Phytophthora+ramorum-infected+Rhododendron+leaves+using+the+Cepheid+SmartCycler&rft.au=Sechler%2C+KE%3BCarras%2C+M+M%3BShishkoff%2C+N%3BTooley%2C+P+W&rft.aulast=Sechler&rft.aufirst=KE&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S205&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Life cycle of Uromyces salsolae, a candidate fungal biological control agent for Salsola tragus AN - 20880238; 10272439 AB - Salsola tragus (Russian thistle, Chenopodiaceae) is a major weed pest in the western United States. An isolate of the rust fungus Uromyces salsolae from the Yasensky Spit in Russia is currently under evaluation as a candidate for biological control of S. tragus in a Biosafety Level 3 (BL-3) containment greenhouse facility. The life cycle of U. salsolae has been completed in greenhouse studies, demonstrating that it is macrocyclic and autoecious on Russian thistle. Plant inoculations were made with spores from each stage in the fungus life cycle, demonstrating their viability and role in the life cycle. Data will be included in a risk assessment of U. salsolae for biological control of S. tragus. JF - Phytopathology AU - Cavin, CA AU - Berner, D K AU - Bruckart, W L Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Biological control KW - Risk assessment KW - Weeds KW - Salsola KW - Data processing KW - Life cycle KW - Rust KW - Greenhouses KW - Chenopodiaceae KW - Inoculation KW - Uromyces salsolae KW - Pests KW - Spores KW - Tragus KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20880238?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PLoS+Pathogens&rft.atitle=Genomic+Analyses+of+the+Microsporidian+Nosema+ceranae%2C+an+Emergent+Pathogen+of+Honey+Bees&rft.au=Cornman%2C+RScott%3BChen%2C+Yan+Ping%3BSchatz%2C+Michael+C%3BStreet%2C+Craig%3BZhao%2C+Yan%3BDesany%2C+Brian%3BEgholm%2C+Michael%3BHutchison%2C+Stephen%3BPettis%2C+Jeffery+S%3BLipkin%2C+WIan%3BEvans%2C+Jay+D%3BAndrianopoulos%2C+Alex&rft.aulast=Cornman&rft.aufirst=RScott&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=e1000466&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=PLoS+Pathogens&rft.issn=15537366&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371%2Fjournal.ppat.1000466 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Response of US Cucumis melo Plant Introductions to Phytophthora capsici AN - 20880087; 10270753 AB - Phytophthora capsici is distributed worldwide, and is an aggressive pathogen with a broad host range infecting solanaceous, leguminaceous, and cucurbitaceous crops. Over the past two decades, increased incidence of Phytophthora blight, particularly in eastern states, has threatened production of many vegetable crops. Cucumis melo (honeydew and cantaloupe), while especially susceptible to fruit rot, is also susceptible to crown/root rot. Currently, little is known about host resistance to P. capsici in C. melo. To assess resistance in C. melo seedlings, 318 Cucumis melo US Plant Introductions (PIs) from diverse geographic locations and two commercial hybrid cultivars (Athena and Dinero) were grown under greenhouse conditions. At the three to four leaf stage, seedlings were inoculated with a five isolate zoospore suspension (1.0 x 10 super(4)) at the crown and monitored for six weeks. All the susceptible checks ('Athena' and 'Dinero') died within seven days post inoculation. Several PIs (PI 181748, PI 182964, and PI 273438) succumbed earlier than Athena and Dinero due to crown rot. Eighty seven PIs (27%) appeared to have some degree of tolerance to P. capsici. The level of resistance to P. capsici within individual PIs was variable. The 87 PIs selected from the primary screen are currently being re-screened and the results of this study will be presented. JF - Phytopathology AU - Donahoo, R S AU - Kousik, C S AU - Thies, JA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Phytophthora capsici KW - Cucumis melo KW - Vegetables KW - Crop KW - Host range KW - Crown rot KW - Honeydew KW - Leaves KW - Fruit rot KW - Pathogens KW - Root rot KW - Greenhouses KW - Zoospores KW - Blight KW - Hybrids KW - Inoculation KW - Seedlings KW - Phytophthora KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20880087?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Response+of+US+Cucumis+melo+Plant+Introductions+to+Phytophthora+capsici&rft.au=Donahoo%2C+R+S%3BKousik%2C+C+S%3BThies%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Donahoo&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Negative regulators of basal defense in cereal-fungal interactions AN - 20879539; 10272248 AB - Plants have evolved complex regulatory mechanisms to control the defense response against microbial attack. Both temporal and spatial gene expression are tightly regulated in response to pathogen ingress, modulating both positive and negative control of defense. BLUFENSIN1 (BLN1), a small peptide belonging to a novel family of proteins in barley, wheat, and rice, is highly induced by attack from the obligate biotrophic fungus, Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei, causal agent of powdery mildew disease. BLN1 negatively impacts plant defense, is predicted to be secreted, and contains both structural and sequence similarities to knottins, small disulfide-rich proteins characterized by a unique disulfide through disulfide knot. To discern regulatory targets of BLN1, we conducted Barleyl GeneChip analysis of Bln1-silenced plants via Barley stripe mosaic virus-induced gene silencing (BSMV-VIGS). Sixty GeneChip hybridizations were performed, based on 5 replications of 12 BSMV-VIGS/host-pathogen interactions. Mixed linear model analysis revealed 36 highly significant new genes (p < 0.0001; FDR < 5%) that are suppressed together with Bln1 (Contig12219_at; p = 2.31E-07), or induced when we compare BSMV:Bln1248 silenced plants to the BSMV:00 control. These candidates appear to have a role in R-gene mediated and innate immunity networks, thus, the functional identification of their precise roles will be a key step in understanding plant defense. JF - Phytopathology AU - Wise, R P AU - Meng, Y AU - Moscou, MJ AU - Fuerst, G S AU - Xu, W Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - Hordeum vulgare KW - Triticum aestivum KW - Blumeria graminis KW - Replication KW - Host-pathogen interactions KW - Oryza sativa KW - Immunity KW - Pathogens KW - Plant viruses KW - Powdery mildew KW - Gene silencing KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - V 22420:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20879539?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Negative+regulators+of+basal+defense+in+cereal-fungal+interactions&rft.au=Wise%2C+R+P%3BMeng%2C+Y%3BMoscou%2C+MJ%3BFuerst%2C+G+S%3BXu%2C+W&rft.aulast=Wise&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S167&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Pathogenicity of Phytophthora ramorum AN - 20879518; 10272235 AB - Phytophthora spp. infect an extremely diverse array of host plants resulting in a variety of diseases, ranging from root rots to foliar blights. In particular, Phytophthora ramorum, has the ability to infect more than 100 plant species. This talk will present a broad overview of the Phytophthora secretome and its potential contribution to host susceptibility and P. ramorum pathogenicity. Topics include the potential contribution of Phytophthora spp. toxins (e.g., NPP1) and effectors (e.g., elicitins) on disease development. Greater detail will focus on our own work exploring the contribution of elicitins to P. ramorum pathogenicity. In one study, we have examined elicitin production, virulence, and sporulation in 15 P. ramorum isolates belonging to the three clonal lineages (EU1, NA1 and NA2). The EU1 and NA2 isolates are generally more virulent, produce more sporangia, and produce more elicitin in vitro than NA1 isolates. Plants possess a number of defense pathways that also interact with elicitins, contributing directly and indirectly to P. ramorum pathogenicity. For example, elicitins may trigger a hypersensitive response in some hosts, which depending upon the timing and degree of this process may lead to complete resistance or physiological impairment (i.e., reduced photosynthesis and/or cell death) without limiting Phytophthora colonization. Finally, research on the potential contribution of plant tannins on elicitin activity, P. ramorum growth and sporulation will also be discussed. JF - Phytopathology AU - Manter, D K Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Sporangia KW - Photosynthesis KW - Sporulation KW - Host plants KW - Toxins KW - Root rot KW - Virulence KW - Colonization KW - Cell death KW - Pathogenicity KW - Blight KW - Reviews KW - Hypersensitive response KW - secretome KW - Phytophthora KW - Tannic acid KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20879518?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Pathogenicity+of+Phytophthora+ramorum&rft.au=Manter%2C+D+K&rft.aulast=Manter&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S163&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating resistance to Phytophthora cinnamomi and P. citricola in clonal hybrids of Juglans species AN - 20879047; 10270719 AB - Phytophthora crown and root rots cause serious losses to walnut production worldwide. In California, more than 10 species of Phytophthora are implicated in the disease, but only P. cinnamomi (Pcin) and P. citricola (Pcit) are highly aggressive. Pcin causes mainly root rot (RR), and Pcit causes mainly crown rot (CR). Moderate resistance to Pcit was reported previously in walnut rootstock clones RX1 (Juglans microcarpa x J. regia) and VX211 (J. hindsii x J. regia), but resistance to Pcin was not examined. Here, we report on repeated evaluations of resistance to Pcin as well as to Pcit in 15 clonal hybrids under consideration as walnut rootstocks. The selections were transplanted into non-infested soil or soil infested with multiple isolates of Pcit or Pcin and subjected to repeated episodes of soil flooding to stimulate infection. Resistance, assessed according to severity of CR and RR 3 mo after transplanting, varied significantly among rootstocks for each pathogen (P = 0.03 to 0.0001). RX1 was highly resistant to Pcin (mean RR 13%) and, as in previous tests, moderately resistant to Pcit (CR 19%). The other selections, including VX211, (simple and complex hybrids among J. californica, hindsii, major, nigra, and regia) ranged from moderately resistant to highly susceptible to Pcin (RR 20 to 86%) and Pcit (CR 17 to 55%). The results suggest that the use rootstock RX1 has the potential to reduce losses caused by Pcin and Pcit in commercial walnut orchards. JF - Phytopathology AU - Browne, G T AU - Schmidt, L S AU - Hackett, W P AU - Leslie, CA AU - Quesenberry, N J AU - McGranahan, G H AD - USDA ARS, Davis, CA, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Crown rot KW - Resistance KW - Rootstocks KW - USA, California KW - Juglans KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - SW 0845:Water in soils KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20879047?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Evaluating+resistance+to+Phytophthora+cinnamomi+and+P.+citricola+in+clonal+hybrids+of+Juglans+species&rft.au=Browne%2C+G+T%3BSchmidt%2C+L+S%3BHackett%2C+W+P%3BLeslie%2C+CA%3BQuesenberry%2C+N+J%3BMcGranahan%2C+G+H&rft.aulast=Browne&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rootstocks; Resistance; Juglans; USA, California ER - TY - CONF T1 - Life Cycle of Puccinia crupinae, a candidate fungal biological control agent for Crupina vulgaris AN - 20878902; 10270764 AB - Crupina vulgaris (Common Crupina, Asteraceae) is an introduced weed pest in the western United States. An isolate of the rust fungus Puccinia crupinae from the Greece is currently under evaluation as a candidate for biological control of C. vulgaris in a Biosafety Level 3 (BL-3) containment greenhouse facility. The life cycle of P. crupinae has been completed in greenhouse studies, demonstrating that it is macrocyclic and autoecious on Common Crupina. Plant inoculations were made with spores from each stage in the fungus life cycle, demonstrating their viability and role in the life cycle. Data will be included in a risk assessment of P. crupoinae for biological control of C. vulgaris. JF - Phytopathology AU - Eskandari, F M AU - Bruckart, W L Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Biological control KW - Risk assessment KW - Weeds KW - Data processing KW - Puccinia KW - Life cycle KW - Rust KW - Greenhouses KW - Crupina KW - Crupina vulgaris KW - Asteraceae KW - Inoculation KW - Pests KW - Spores KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20878902?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Life+Cycle+of+Puccinia+crupinae%2C+a+candidate+fungal+biological+control+agent+for+Crupina+vulgaris&rft.au=Eskandari%2C+F+M%3BBruckart%2C+W+L&rft.aulast=Eskandari&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Sporulation capacity of Phytophthora ramorum on northern red oak and chestnut oak AN - 20878429; 10272443 AB - Branches from six 2 to 3-year old northern red and chestnut oak seedlings were dip-inoculated with ca. 5,000 sporangia/ml of P. ramorum isolate Pr-6 and incubated at 100% relative humidity in dew chambers for 6 days. Three plants were then used to assess sporangia production, while the other three plants were used to assess chlamydospore production. Sporangia production was evaluated by incubating infected seedlings in a mist chamber and collecting sporangia produced on four misted leaves per plant suspended over 15k-diameter nylon mesh screens. Chlamydospore content of leaf disks (6 mm diameter) removed from diseased leaves following a one month incubation in a greenhouse was also determined. Chestnut oak exhibited significantly greater disease incidence and severity compared with northern red oak (P < 0.01). However, sporulation levels were observed to be much larger in northern red oak. Total sporangia production per plant was not significantly different between the two species but when adjusted by lesion area, northern red oak produced 2294 sporangia/cm super(2) compared with only 259 sporangia/cm super(2)for chestnut oak (P < 0.05). Mean chlamydospore production per 6 mm-diameter leaf disk also was significantly greater for northern red oak compared with chestnut oak (28 versus 1 chlamydospore per disk). Knowledge of P. ramorum sporulation capacity in relation to disease incidence and severity on Eastern U.S. oak species will help determine the potential for epidemic development should the pathogen be introduced. JF - Phytopathology AU - Tooley, P W AU - Browning, M Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Relative humidity KW - Nylon KW - Sporangia KW - Epidemics KW - Leaves KW - Sporulation KW - Pathogens KW - Greenhouses KW - Dew KW - Chlamydospores KW - Seedlings KW - Phytophthora KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20878429?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Sporulation+capacity+of+Phytophthora+ramorum+on+northern+red+oak+and+chestnut+oak&rft.au=Tooley%2C+P+W%3BBrowning%2C+M&rft.aulast=Tooley&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S205&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Evaluation of wild sunflower species for resistance to Sclerotinia stalk rot AN - 20878332; 10270705 AB - One of the most important diseases affecting sunflower production in the United States is stalk rot caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Genetic resistance to Sclerotinia has gradually improved in commercial sunflower cultivars, but better levels of resistance are still needed. A greenhouse screening method was developed, using soil-applied Sclerotinia-infested millet as inoculum. Greenhouse screening helps to facilitate the rapid screening of much larger plant populations than could be managed in field trials. With this approach, susceptible germplasm can be filtered out, making better use of the follow-up field trials. In 2008, 255 accessions were evaluated in the greenhouse, including all available accessions from the diploid annual species of H. argophyllus, H. debilis, H. exilis, H. neglectus, and H. praecox, 45 accessions of wild H. annum and five accessions from the perennial species H. resinosus. Accessions with superior wilt resistance were identified in all species except for H. exilis. Field trials showed that the three most resistant accessions were H. resinosus (PI 650079 and PI 650082) and H. argophyllus, (PI 649863) with 100% and 94% survival respectively. These findings suggest that resistant germplasm can be readily identified that could contribute toward improved Sclerotinia stalk rot resistance in cultivated sunflower. JF - Phytopathology AU - Block, C C AU - Gulya, T J AU - Marek, L F Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Sclerotinia KW - Stalk rot KW - Diploids KW - Germplasm KW - Inoculum KW - Survival KW - Sclerotinia sclerotiorum KW - Wilt KW - Helianthus KW - Greenhouses KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20878332?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+wild+sunflower+species+for+resistance+to+Sclerotinia+stalk+rot&rft.au=Block%2C+C+C%3BGulya%2C+T+J%3BMarek%2C+L+F&rft.aulast=Block&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Verticillium comparative genomics - Understanding pathogenicity and diversity AN - 20877043; 10271551 AB - Verticillium dahliae is the primary causal agent of Verticillium wilt that causes billions of dollars in annual losses worldwide. This soil-borne fungal pathogen exhibits extraordinary genetic plasticity, capable of colonizing a broad range of plant hosts in diverse ecological niches. We have employed a genomic approach to compare V. dahliae to a related species, V. albo-atrum, that has distinct phenotypes with respect to pathogenicity, and exhibits host range differences. A 7.5X assembly of the 33.8 Mb genome of a lettuce isolate of V. dahliae, in addition to a 4X assembly of an alfalfa isolate of V. alboatrum are now publicly available via the Broad Institute. About 38,000 EST reads from three cDNA libraries of V. dahliae were generated, and the genomes of both species have been annotated. Through comparative analyses, we have identified four major regions on two chromosomes that are specific to V. dahliae. Each of these span approximately 300 kb and are enriched in repetitive DNA. The expression of genes encoded in these regions was confirmed by the presence of corresponding ESTs. We are currently examining these regions to gain insight into diversity, pathogenicity, and other aspects of Verticillium spp. biology. JF - Phytopathology AU - Klosterman, S J AU - Veronese, P AU - Dobinson, K F AU - Subbarao, K V AU - Thomma, B AU - Pedrajas, MDG AU - Chen, Z AU - Anchieta, A AU - de Jonge, R AU - Maruthachalam, K AU - Amyotte, S AU - Paz, Z AU - Heiman, DI AU - Young, S Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Chromosomes KW - Host range KW - Pathogenicity KW - verticillium wilt KW - Niches KW - Verticillium dahliae KW - genomics KW - Pathogens KW - Verticillium KW - expressed sequence tags KW - Repeated DNA sequences KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20877043?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Verticillium+comparative+genomics+-+Understanding+pathogenicity+and+diversity&rft.au=Klosterman%2C+S+J%3BVeronese%2C+P%3BDobinson%2C+K+F%3BSubbarao%2C+K+V%3BThomma%2C+B%3BPedrajas%2C+MDG%3BChen%2C+Z%3BAnchieta%2C+A%3Bde+Jonge%2C+R%3BMaruthachalam%2C+K%3BAmyotte%2C+S%3BPaz%2C+Z%3BHeiman%2C+DI%3BYoung%2C+S&rft.aulast=Klosterman&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S65&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Parasexual recombination and migration maintain genotypic diversity in the aflatoxin-producing fungal plant pathogen Aspergillus flavus AN - 20876915; 10271446 AB - Aspergillus flavus, fungal pathogen of animals, wild plants and crops, is most recognized for producing aflatoxin, a cancer-causing secondary metabolite, which contaminates food and animal feed globally. A. flavus has a vegetative incompatibility system that limits hyphal fusion and subsequent gene flow between individuals belonging to different vegetative compatibility groups (VCG). Despite the economic and human health importance of developing strategies to decrease aflatoxin levels in crops using biocontrol methods, reproductive mode, dispersal patterns and genetic diversity within VCG are unknown. We analyzed 221 clone-corrected samples from three common VCG in Arizona and Texas on cotton using 24 SSR loci. Our results support the hypothesis that these A. flavus VCG are genetically isolated. We found high levels of genetic differentiation and no evidence of recombination between VCG, including VCG of opposite mating-type. Divergence time between pairs of VCG is estimated to range from 34,000 to 49,000 and 140,000 to 189,000 years before present. This is the first study of any asexual Aspergillus species to find within VCG: 1) high genotypic diversity, 2) evidence of recombination, 3) indirect evidence for a parasexual cycle in natural populations, and 4) migration over large distances (>1500 km). We conclude these A. flavus VCG are genetically isolated, ancient, clonal lineages in which recombination and migration are important for maintaining genetic variation. JF - Phytopathology AU - Grubisha, L C AU - Cotty, P J Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Environment Abstracts KW - Biological control KW - Aspergillus flavus KW - Cotton KW - Parasexual cycle KW - Genetic diversity KW - Migration KW - Crops KW - dispersal KW - Differentiation KW - Recombination KW - Economics KW - Gene flow KW - migration KW - Crop KW - Aflatoxins KW - genetic diversity KW - Pathogens KW - Food contamination KW - Food plants KW - natural populations KW - Gene fusion KW - USA, Arizona KW - Secondary metabolites KW - USA, Texas KW - Dispersal KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20876915?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Parasexual+recombination+and+migration+maintain+genotypic+diversity+in+the+aflatoxin-producing+fungal+plant+pathogen+Aspergillus+flavus&rft.au=Grubisha%2C+L+C%3BCotty%2C+P+J&rft.aulast=Grubisha&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S47&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Limited population structure of Armillaria mellea throughout coastal California suggests gene flow through basidiospore dispersal AN - 20876388; 10270695 AB - Armillaria mellea is a fungal pathogen in the orchards, forests, and urban areas of California (CA). Diploid mycelia spread vegetatively belowground among host roots. Basidiospores are not thought to infect planted hosts and haploid mycelia are not collected in nature. We tested the hypothesis that A. mellea populations are spatially structured, based on an assumed limited capacity for spore dispersal. Collections were made from forests and urban areas at five locations (from North to South: St. Helena-N, St. Helena-S, Berkeley, San Jose, Los Angeles), separated by linear distances of 0.3, 80, 78, and 500 km (658 km total). A total of 59 isolates, representing 59 somatic incompatibility groups, were genotyped with nine microsatellite loci. Global differentiation across locations was insignificant (F sub(ST) = 0.011, P > 0.05). Pairwise comparisons of locations revealed significant genetic differentiation (F sub(ST) = 0.008, P < 0.05) between only the most distant locations (St. Helena-N v. Los Angeles). Assignment tests in STRUCTURE grouped isolates from all locations into one cluster. Our findings of limited population subdivision and no geographic clustering of isolates suggest that spore dispersal prevents geographic differentiation, with the exception of somewhat limited gene flow between opposite ends of CA. The existence of one contiguous, interbreeding population is consistent with the presence of a relatively continuous range of hosts between northern and southern CA. JF - Phytopathology AU - Baumgartner, K AU - Fujiyoshi, P AU - Bergemann, S AU - Travadon, R Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Diploids KW - Armillaria mellea KW - Microsatellites KW - Roots KW - Forests KW - Pathogens KW - Mycelia KW - Basidiospores KW - Orchards KW - Differentiation KW - Gene flow KW - Population structure KW - Dispersal KW - Spores KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20876388?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Limited+population+structure+of+Armillaria+mellea+throughout+coastal+California+suggests+gene+flow+through+basidiospore+dispersal&rft.au=Baumgartner%2C+K%3BFujiyoshi%2C+P%3BBergemann%2C+S%3BTravadon%2C+R&rft.aulast=Baumgartner&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S9&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Self-assembly of Maize rayado fino virus particles in bacteria and in plants: Towards an understanding of marafivirus gene expression and biology AN - 20876036; 10271457 AB - The leafhopper-borne Maize rayado fino virus (MRFV; genus Marafivirus; family Tymoviridae) is restricted to the Americas and replicates in both the plant and insect host. Among viruses that replicate in the insect, MRFV's simple genome presents a unique opportunity to investigate the molecular interactions between the virus and its hosts. In this initial study of MRFV gene expression, we addressed the requirements for capsid protein assembly and genome packaging. MRFV contains two components: empty shells and complete virus particles (encapsidating the 6.3 kb genomic RNA). Isometric virions of 30 nm in diameter contain two serologically related, carboxy coterminal coat proteins (CP) of 21 kDa (CP2) and 25 kDa (CP1) found in a molar ratio of 3:1, respectively. CP1 is a 37 amino acid N-terminal extension of CP2. Recombinant CP1 and CP2 each self-assembled into virus-like particles (VLPs) in Escherichia coli and Nicotiana benthamiana. Expression of each protein alone in E. coli resulted in VLPs that appeared empty (CP2) (stain penetrated particles) or complete (CP1) in electron microscopy. In N. benthamiana, expression of CP1 resulted in translation of both CP1 and CP2, in contrast to what was found in E. coli, and production of VLPs that appear to be complete. Co-expression of CP1 and CP2 in E. coli resulted in VLPs which encapsidated the CP mRNA, suggesting that the N-terminal 37 amino acid residues of CP1 are involved in the assembly of complete virion particles. JF - Phytopathology AU - Hammond, R W AD - USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Entomology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Genetics Abstracts; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - Marafivirus KW - Genomes KW - Virions KW - Translation KW - Virus-like particles KW - Amino acids KW - Maize rayado fino virus KW - Host plants KW - Gene expression KW - Nicotiana benthamiana KW - Isometric KW - Self-assembly KW - Escherichia coli KW - Coat protein KW - Stain KW - genomics KW - Shells KW - Plant viruses KW - Electron microscopy KW - Capsid protein KW - Packaging KW - J 02410:Animal Diseases KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - V 22420:Plant Diseases KW - Z 05360:Genetics and Evolution KW - K 03310:Genetics & Taxonomy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20876036?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Renewable+Agriculture+and+Food+Systems&rft.atitle=Long-term+economic+performance+of+organic+and+conventional+field+crops+in+the+mid-Atlantic+region&rft.au=Cavigelli%2C+Michel+A%3BHima%2C+Beth+L%3BHanson%2C+James+C%3BTeasdale%2C+John+R%3BConklin%2C+Anne+E%3BLu%2C+Yao-chi&rft.aulast=Cavigelli&rft.aufirst=Michel&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=102&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Renewable+Agriculture+and+Food+Systems&rft.issn=17421705&rft_id=info:doi/10.1017%2FS1742170509002555 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Virions; Genomes; Translation; Amino acids; Virus-like particles; Host plants; Gene expression; Self-assembly; Isometric; Coat protein; Shells; genomics; Stain; Plant viruses; Electron microscopy; Packaging; Capsid protein; Marafivirus; Nicotiana benthamiana; Escherichia coli; Maize rayado fino virus ER - TY - CONF T1 - Phytophthora-ID.org: A web- and sequence based Phytophthora identification tool AN - 20876012; 10271447 AB - Traditionally identification of species is accomplished by PCR amplification of the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region followed by either restriction analysis or direct sequencing and sequence alignment (BLAST search) against GenBank or other databases. Generally, identification of a species is only as good as the underlying database used. Retrieval of sequence alignments can be problematic as databases accumulate sequences that are poorly annotated. We created a web-based tool for the identification of Phytophthora species based on sequence data: Phytophthora-ID.org (URL: http://phytophthora-id.org/). Phytophthora-ID maintains a database of sequences that is curated to be selective for sequence accessions that come from a trusted source including published, peer-reviewed studies wherever possible. Recently described species that are not yet named in a species paper are only included as Phytophthora taxon "X" to indicate that these might or might not be new species. Our objective was to create a simple, yet robust site that is user-friendly. JF - Phytopathology AU - Grunwald, N J AU - Larsen, M AU - Fieland, V AU - Hansen, E Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Databases KW - Data processing KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Spacer KW - Phytophthora KW - New species KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20876012?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Phytophthora-ID.org%3A+A+web-+and+sequence+based+Phytophthora+identification+tool&rft.au=Grunwald%2C+N+J%3BLarsen%2C+M%3BFieland%2C+V%3BHansen%2C+E&rft.aulast=Grunwald&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S47&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Identification of lettuce genes differentially expressed in a Verticillium dahliae-lettuce interaction by suppression subtractive hybridization AN - 20875892; 10271552 AB - Verticillium wilt, caused by the fungus Verticillium dahliae, is an emerging threat to the U.S. lettuce industry. Lettuce germplasm with resistance to race 1 of V. dahliae is available for breeding programs, although germplasm with resistance to race 2 of the pathogen has not been identified. The objective of this work was to identify lettuce genes that are differentially expressed in leaves displaying Verticillium wilt symptoms. To accomplish this objective, the technique of suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) was applied. The cDNA populations used for the SSH were prepared from symptomatic leaf tissue (tester), and asymptomatic leaf tissue (driver) of lettuce line PI 251246. cDNAs from the forward and reverse subtraction were cloned, sequenced, and analyzed in database searches. The results of these searches indicated an abundance of sequences encoding plant pathogenesis-related proteins, including endochitinase and thaumatin-like proteins, in the forward subtracted library. Further evaluation of these genes, and others identified in this library, may provide insight into mechanisms of resistance or susceptibility in lettuce-V. dahliae interactions. JF - Phytopathology AU - Klosterman, S J AU - Anchieta, A AU - Maruthachalam, K AU - Hayes, R J AU - Subbarao, K V Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - thaumatin-like proteins KW - Databases KW - verticillium wilt KW - Endochitinase KW - Pathogenesis-related proteins KW - Germplasm KW - Leaves KW - Plant breeding KW - Verticillium dahliae KW - Pathogens KW - Verticillium KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20875892?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Identification+of+lettuce+genes+differentially+expressed+in+a+Verticillium+dahliae-lettuce+interaction+by+suppression+subtractive+hybridization&rft.au=Klosterman%2C+S+J%3BAnchieta%2C+A%3BMaruthachalam%2C+K%3BHayes%2C+R+J%3BSubbarao%2C+K+V&rft.aulast=Klosterman&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S65&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Symptoms and distribution of Squash vein yellowing virus in vining cucurbits AN - 20875883; 10272067 AB - Squash vein yellowing virus (SqVYV) has been identified as the casual agent of watermelon vine decline in south Florida, a disease which is characterized by foliar chlorosis, necrosis and wilt, followed by plant death. Symptoms of wilt and death induced by SqVYV in watermelon have not been observed on any other known host species, all of which are in the family Cucurbitaceae. To examine the infection phenotype across a broader range of cucurbits, more than 30 vining cucurbit types and cultivars in 15 species were inoculated with SqVYV and subsequently rated for visual symptoms of virus infection. Virus distribution within plants was determined by nucleic acid hybridization of tissue blots on nylon membranes. Vein yellowing induced by SqVYV was observed on leaves of many cucurbits inoculated but this symptom did not progress to wilt or death in most of the cucurbits analyzed except watermelon. Differences in disease severity were also noted and cucumbers displayed transient symptoms of some upper, non-inoculated leaves followed by apparent recovery. Nucleic acid hybridization of vine and petiole sections confirmed virus presence in symptomatic tissue, and also showed an uneven distribution of the virus within infected plants. The systemic wilt and death that is induced by SqVYV infection of watermelon appears to be infrequent in other cucurbits. JF - Phytopathology AU - Webster, C G AU - Kousik, C S AU - Turechek, W W AU - Webb, SE AU - Adkins, S AD - USDA ARS, U.S. Horticultural Research Lab, Fort Pierce, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - Nylon KW - Plant diseases KW - Chlorosis KW - Leaves KW - Vines KW - Infection KW - Necrosis KW - Cucumis sativus KW - Veins KW - nucleic acids KW - Yellowing KW - Citrullus lanatus KW - Plant viruses KW - Cucurbitaceae KW - Wilt KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - V 22420:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20875883?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Symptoms+and+distribution+of+Squash+vein+yellowing+virus+in+vining+cucurbits&rft.au=Webster%2C+C+G%3BKousik%2C+C+S%3BTurechek%2C+W+W%3BWebb%2C+SE%3BAdkins%2C+S&rft.aulast=Webster&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S139&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nylon; Necrosis; Chlorosis; Plant diseases; nucleic acids; Veins; Leaves; Yellowing; Vines; Plant viruses; Infection; Wilt; Cucumis sativus; Citrullus lanatus; Cucurbitaceae ER - TY - CONF T1 - Quantitative trait loci associated with seedling and adult-plant resistance to oat crown rust caused by Puccinia coronata AN - 20875122; 10270673 AB - Crown rust is an economically important disease of oat worldwide, causing yield loss, reduction of test weight and seed quality, and increased lodging. Genetic resistance is an effective method to control crown rust. The oat line MN841801 has shown disease resistance to diverse populations of P. coronata for more than 30 years. The objective of this study was to identify and map the resistance in MN841801 at seedling and adult-plant stages using a population of 150 F sub(6:8) recombinant inbred lines of the cross of MN841801-1/'Noble-2'. The population was evaluated for crown rust resistance at the seedling stage using isolates avirulent on MN841801-1 and virulent on 'Noble-2'. Partial adult-plant resistance (APR) was evaluated in field and greenhouse experiments using two isolates virulent on both parents at the seedling stage but giving low infection on adult plants of MN841801-1. The seedling tests identified three loci for resistance on linkage groups MN3, MN6 and MN26. A total of nine quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were associated with APR. The two major APR QTLs overlapped with regions on MN3 and MN26 associated with seedling resistance. Comparison of our results with other crown rust resistance mapping studies indicates that seedling and APR resistance loci may be clustered in specific regions of the oat genome. JF - Phytopathology AU - Acevedo, M AU - Jackson, E W AU - Chong, J AU - Rines, H W AU - Bateman, A AU - Bonman, J Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Genomes KW - Quantitative trait loci KW - Seeds KW - Crown rust KW - Lodging KW - Disease resistance KW - Infection KW - Puccinia coronata KW - Greenhouses KW - Seedlings KW - Inbreeding KW - Gene mapping KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20875122?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Quantitative+trait+loci+associated+with+seedling+and+adult-plant+resistance+to+oat+crown+rust+caused+by+Puccinia+coronata&rft.au=Acevedo%2C+M%3BJackson%2C+E+W%3BChong%2C+J%3BRines%2C+H+W%3BBateman%2C+A%3BBonman%2C+J&rft.aulast=Acevedo&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Antimicrobial activity of Snakin-1 and Defensin-1 as a hybrid protein AN - 20874349; 10271557 AB - To enhance plant protection properties, we constructed a hybrid antimicrobial protein gene (sap) for simultaneous expression of Snakin-1 and Defensin-1 in plant cells. Prior to testing in vivo, SAP was tested on a wide variety of phytopathogenic microorganisms in vitro. SAP exhibited significant antibacterial activity against Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus (IC sub(50) approx. 3.5 kM) and antifungal activity against Colletotrichum coccoides (IC sub(50) approx. 2.5 kM). To evaluate antimicrobial properties of SAP in vivo, we exploited transient-expression from a Potato virus X (PVX)-based vector. Stable expression of SAP was confirmed by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. Antimicrobial activity against C. coccoides, causing anthracnose, was assessed on Nicotiana benthamiana. Anthracnose symptoms, visible on the leaf surface and stems at 4 days post inoculation (dpi) in all experimental variants, appeared as dried papery spots (about 1 mm). Spot size increased to 4-6 mm at 8 dpi in the control. On plants carrying the empty PVX-vector, lesions quickly coalesced resulting in death of leaves and, eventually, in death of whole plants. In contrast, lesion size on plants expressing SAP was about 1 mm and remained unchanged until 18 dpi. Light microscopy showed germination of conidia at 2 dpi, and development of appressoria and formation of acervuli at 5 dpi in all experimental plants. Plants expressing SAP did not exhibit any severe signs of anthracnose infection. JF - Phytopathology AU - Kovalskaya, N AU - Zhao, Y AU - Hammond, R W Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - Antimicrobial activity KW - Antibacterial activity KW - Plant protection KW - Infection KW - Anthracnose KW - Colletotrichum KW - Plant cells KW - Hybrids KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Appressoria KW - Germination KW - Western blotting KW - Potato virus X KW - Leaves KW - SAP protein KW - Conidia KW - Stems KW - Antimicrobial agents KW - Nicotiana benthamiana KW - Clavibacter michiganensis KW - Leafspot KW - Antifungal activity KW - Inoculation KW - Microorganisms KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - V 22420:Plant Diseases KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20874349?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+ASAE&rft.atitle=Streamflow+Response+to+Climate%3A+and+Landuse+Changes+in+a+Coastal+Watershed+in+North+Carolina&rft.au=Qi%2C+S%3BSun%2C+G%3BWang%2C+Y%3BMcNulty%2C+S+G%3BMoore+Myers%2C+J+A&rft.aulast=Qi&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=739&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+ASAE&rft.issn=00012351&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Field assessment of non-toxigenic Aspergillus flavus strain K49 in competitive displacement of toxigenic isolates AN - 20874269; 10270671 AB - Non-toxigenic strains of Aspergillus flavus offer the potential to control aflatoxin contamination by competitive displacement of indigenous populations of A, flavus colonizing corn. Two sets of experiments were conducted to assess the competitiveness of strain K49 when challenged against two toxigenic isolates (F3W4 or K54) using a pin-bar inoculation technique. In 2007, corn ears were inoculated with six ratios of strain K49 and F3W4 in two experimental sites. A second study assessed the ability of equal densities of K49 when challenged with toxigenic strains F3W4 and K54 in 2007 and 2008. In the Stoneville site, when K49 comprised 10% of the inoculum, aflatoxin concentrations were reduced to 6500 ppb compared to 3500 ppb when inoculated with 100% F3W4. At the Elizabeth site, a 30% and 90% reduction in aflatoxin was observed when 10% and 50% of the inoculum was non-toxigenic strain K49, respectively. Strain K49 was capable of reducing aflatoxin contamination by 690% when challenged with the high producing strain K54 or the moderate producer F3W4. In challenges with either F3W4 or K54, greater than 85% of isolates recovered were non-toxigenic, while 100% of the isolates were toxigenic when inoculated with F3W4 or K54 alone. These studies indicate that competition is affected by location and environmental conditions associated with the study, however, strain K49 had a similar degree of efficacy in competition with two toxigenic strains of varying potential for aflatoxin production. JF - Phytopathology AU - Abbas, H K AU - Zablotowicz, R M AU - Brans, HA AU - Abel, CA AU - Weaver, MA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Environment Abstracts KW - Aspergillus flavus KW - Contamination KW - Aflatoxins KW - corn KW - Inoculum KW - Inoculation KW - Environmental conditions KW - Competition KW - Competitiveness KW - competition KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20874269?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Field+assessment+of+non-toxigenic+Aspergillus+flavus+strain+K49+in+competitive+displacement+of+toxigenic+isolates&rft.au=Abbas%2C+H+K%3BZablotowicz%2C+R+M%3BBrans%2C+HA%3BAbel%2C+CA%3BWeaver%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Abbas&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Variation within the NA1 clonal lineage of Phytophthora ramorum from US nurseries reveals migration pathways AN - 20874156; 10271439 AB - Populations of recently introduced plant pathogens that are limited to clonal reproduction may contain little genetic diversity, yet rapidly mutating genetic markers such as microsatellites can exhibit variation within these populations and be used to infer evolutionary processes and migration patterns. The sudden oak death pathogen, Phytophthora ramorum, is clonally reproducing and exotic to North America and Europe, where it has been found to infect a wide range of species including popular ornamentals. In US nurseries, the pathogen has moved from West Coast states eastward via shipments between nurseries. We genotyped variable microsatellite loci in P. ramorum isolates collected between 2004 and 2007 from nurseries in 19 states. For the NA1 lineage, which was present in all 19 states, we found that a dominant genotype (23% of the sample) was present in 14 of the states. Furthermore, NA1 isolates clustered into two groups, one containing isolates from Connecticut, Oregon, and Washington and the other isolates from California and the remaining states. We inferred from this pattern a major migration pathway originating from California and distinct migration events from the Pacific Northwest. This is consistent with the findings of USDA APHIS trace-forward and trace-backward investigations. JF - Phytopathology AU - Goss, E M AU - Larsen, M AU - Chastagner, G A AU - Givens AU - Grunwald, N J Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Environment Abstracts KW - ANW, USA, Connecticut KW - Genetic diversity KW - Genotypes KW - INE, USA, Washington KW - Aphis KW - Migration KW - INE, USA, Pacific Northwest KW - ANE, Europe KW - INE, USA, California KW - Phytophthora KW - Coasts KW - migration KW - Mortality KW - Microsatellites KW - genetic diversity KW - Pathogens KW - INE, USA, Oregon KW - INE, USA, West Coast KW - Genetic markers KW - introduced plants KW - Reproduction KW - Evolution KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20874156?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Variation+within+the+NA1+clonal+lineage+of+Phytophthora+ramorum+from+US+nurseries+reveals+migration+pathways&rft.au=Goss%2C+E+M%3BLarsen%2C+M%3BChastagner%2C+G+A%3BGivens%3BGrunwald%2C+N+J&rft.aulast=Goss&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S45&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Epidcmiological analysis of multi-virus infections of watermelon in experimental fields in Southwest Florida AN - 20874107; 10272041 AB - Whitefly-transmitted Squash vein yellowing virus (SqVYV) and Cucurbit leaf crumple virus (CuLCrV) have seriously impacted watermelon production in west-central and southwest Florida in recent years. We monitored the progress of SqVYV and CuLCrV and whitefly density in 2.5 acre experimental fields of 'Fiesta' located in Immokalee, FL over the course of 3 growing seasons. Symptoms of CuLCrV were always found before SqVYV and were present as soon as 5 weeks after planting. Symptoms of SqVYV consistently appeared 7 weeks after planting and in 2 of 3 seasons the planting fully collapsed from disease by week 12. The largest number of whiteflies was typically found in the weeks preceding rapid collapse of plants. Preliminary analyses indicated that the degree of association between the two diseases was not greater than would be expected from random arrangement of the two viruses, and that SqVYV was distributed randomly at low incidences, but became more aggregated as disease incidence increased. These results are an indication that the viruses are being introduced independently by whiteflies, although the whiteflies may be emigrating from the same source, with secondary spread being dominated by within-field populations of whiteflies. This is conceivable based on results in which it was discovered that the distribution of the two viruses in individual watermelon plants was somewhat spatially separated. Additional field surveys are in progress to verify and extend these findings. JF - Phytopathology AU - Turechek, W W AU - Adkins, S AU - Kousik, C S AU - Webster, C G AU - Stansly, P A AU - Roberts, P D AD - USDA ARS, U.S. Horticultural Research Lab, Fort Pierce, FL, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - Veins KW - Planting KW - Leaves KW - Cucurbit leaf crumple virus KW - Yellowing KW - Citrullus lanatus KW - Infection KW - Plant viruses KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - V 22420:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20874107?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Epidcmiological+analysis+of+multi-virus+infections+of+watermelon+in+experimental+fields+in+Southwest+Florida&rft.au=Turechek%2C+W+W%3BAdkins%2C+S%3BKousik%2C+C+S%3BWebster%2C+C+G%3BStansly%2C+P+A%3BRoberts%2C+P+D&rft.aulast=Turechek&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Veins; Planting; Leaves; Yellowing; Plant viruses; Infection; Cucurbit leaf crumple virus; Citrullus lanatus ER - TY - CONF T1 - Fairy ring disease of cranberry: New developments and characterization of the causal agent AN - 20874088; 10271812 AB - Fairy ring is a disease affecting cultivated cranberries in New Jersey and Massachusetts. The disease causes vine dieback resulting in yield loss and shortens the productive lifespan of cranberry beds, which normally endure over 50 years. The disease spreads across cranberry beds as advancing 'rings' that grow for several years. Although the causal agent is reported as Psilocybe agraiella, this is likely incorrect. In late 2008, vines with dark lesions collected from a ring perimeter were found to be covered with 'infection pads'. This observation was consistent for 22 active fairy rings. Further examination revealed fungal strands growing from the infection pads on the root and stolon tissues. A fungus was isolated and tentatively identified as a Helicobasdium sp., based on DNA sequence analysis. Signs of the pathogen were found on stolons up to 15 cm below the soil surface. This helps explain why control with fungicides is problematic and likely due to limited soil penetration of the active ingredient. Fungicide trials over the past two years have shown increased efficacy in applications with higher water volume. An alternative method of control may be through the use of debilitating (i.e. hypovirulent) fungal viruses. Some species of Helicobasidium are known to contain such viruses. In a preliminary screen of cranberry isolates, we identified a double-stranded RNA virus. If successful, this method of biocontrol could provide effective long-term management. JF - Phytopathology AU - Polashock, J J AU - Vaiciunas, J AU - Oudemans, P V Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - Biological control KW - Disease spread KW - Dieback KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Double-stranded RNA KW - Life span KW - Roots KW - Fairy rings KW - Vines KW - Pathogens KW - Infection KW - Soil KW - Fungicides KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - V 22420:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20874088?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Changes+in+hyporheic+exchange+flow+following+experimental+wood+removal+in+a+small%2C+low-gradient+stream&rft.au=Wondzell%2C+Steven+M%3BLanier%2C+Justin%3BHaggerty%2C+Roy%3BWoodsmith%2C+Richard+D%3BEdwards%2C+Richard+T&rft.aulast=Wondzell&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2008WR007214 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Trichothecene production and sporulation by Myrothecium verrucaria in response to substrate composition AN - 20874005; 10272066 AB - Myrothecium verrucaria (IMI 361690) is a candidate bioherbicde for use against kudzu and several other weed species. This fungal strain also produces macrocyclic trichothecene mycotoxins, which hinder its safe production and application. The safety of this biological control agent during production and handling would be improved if an inoculum could be produced without concomitant accumulation of macrocyclic trichothecenes. Sporulation and trichothecene production by M. verrucaria was evaluated on standard potato dextrose agar (PDA) and a series of complex and defined media. Sporulation on PDA and on agar media with nitrogen supplied as ammonium nitrate or potassium nitrate was more than ten-fold greater than sporulation on the medium with ammonium sulfate as the nitrogen source, indicating a possible inhibitory role of sulfate on sporulation. Accumulation of macrocyclic trichothecenes was strongly affected by the media composition, with higher levels often associated with higher carbon content in the media. A defined, glucose and ammonium nitrate based medium was identified that yielded the best combination of spore production and minimal trichothecene levels. These results support the hypothesis that accumulation of trichothecenes by this fungus may be independent of sporulation and demonstrates that the bioherbicide can be readily produced without high levels of trichothecene contamination. JF - Phytopathology AU - Weaver, MA AU - Zablotowicz, R M AU - Hoagland, R E AU - Boyette, C D Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Environment Abstracts KW - Sulfates KW - Biological control KW - Weeds KW - Agar KW - Contamination KW - Glucose KW - Sporulation KW - trichothecenes KW - dextrose KW - Carbon KW - Ammonium sulfate KW - Solanum tuberosum KW - Inoculum KW - potassium nitrate KW - ammonium nitrate KW - Myrothecium verrucaria KW - Nitrates KW - Nitrogen sources KW - Potassium KW - nitrogen sources KW - Sulfate KW - Mycotoxins KW - weeds KW - Spores KW - Nitrogen KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20874005?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Trichothecene+production+and+sporulation+by+Myrothecium+verrucaria+in+response+to+substrate+composition&rft.au=Weaver%2C+MA%3BZablotowicz%2C+R+M%3BHoagland%2C+R+E%3BBoyette%2C+C+D&rft.aulast=Weaver&rft.aufirst=MA&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S139&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Baseline sensitivity of Phytophthora capsici isolates from the southeast US to mandipropamid AN - 20873768; 10271556 AB - The plant pathogen Phytophthora capsici is rapidly becoming an important limiting factor in vegetable production in the southeastern United States. In 2008, a new fungicide, mandipropamid (trade name: Revus) was labeled for managing P. capsici on vegetable crops. In this study we used a collection of 28 P. capsici isolates from the southeastern United States to determine baseline sensitivity values to this new fungicide. Of these 28 isolates, 5 were from NC, 8 from SC, 9 from GA, and 6 from FL. All isolates were confirmed as P. capsici based on morphology and by using P. capsici-specific PCR primers. An in vitro biological growth assay using V8-juice agar amended with four concentrations of mandipropamid (0, 0.0015, 0.015, 0.15 mg/L) was used to determine EC sub(50) values. The EC sub(50) values for mycelial growth on amended media ranged from 0.0125 mg/L to 0.0292 mg/L (mean = 0.0219 mg/L). Mycelial growth of all isolates was completely inhibited at 0.15 ppm. EC sub(50) values for production of sporangia ranged from <0.0015 mg/L to 0.032 mg/L. EC sub(50) values for zoospore germination ranged from <0.0015 mg/L to 0.0105 mg/L. These baseline values will be useful in monitoring changes in sensitivity of P. capsici populations as mandipropamid is used across the southeastern United States in vegetable production. JF - Phytopathology AU - Kousik, C S AU - Donahoo, R S AU - Keinath Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Phytophthora capsici KW - Germination KW - Sporangia KW - Agar KW - Vegetables KW - Crop KW - Mycelia KW - Pathogens KW - Limiting factors KW - Zoospores KW - Fungicides KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Primers KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20873768?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Baseline+sensitivity+of+Phytophthora+capsici+isolates+from+the+southeast+US+to+mandipropamid&rft.au=Kousik%2C+C+S%3BDonahoo%2C+R+S%3BKeinath&rft.aulast=Kousik&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Surfactin production by strains of Bacillus mojavensis AN - 20870720; 10270687 AB - Bacillus mojavensis RRC 101 is an endophytic bacterium patented for control of fungal diseases in maize and other plants. Culture extracts and filtrates from this bacterium were antagonistic to the pathogenic and mycotoxic fungus Fusarium verticillioides. The identity of the inhibitory substance was recently determined to be the biosurfactant surfactin using HPLC-MS analysis of the culture filtrate. The absolute structure of this cyclic lipopeptide was determined from collisional ion dissociation (CID) analysis to be a cyclic heptapeptide linked to a b-hydroxy fatty acid. Further CID analysis of the peptide moiety was established by deduction, which indicated that the peptide sequence consisted of two acidic amino acids and five hydrophobic amino acids with a sequence of Leu-Leu-Asp-Val-Leu-Leu-Glu. These spectra indicated that B. mojavensis RRC 101 produced Leu super(7)-surfactin. This isomer of Surfactin was determined to be toxic to F. verticillioides. We examined 24 additional strains of this species for production of this cyclic lipopeptide, which was quantitated by HPLC-MS analysis. This is the first report for the production of this very powerful biosurfactant but environmental friendly biopesticides from this endophytic species. Thus, this study supports the concept that surfactin is characteristic of the genus Bacillus. JF - Phytopathology AU - Bacon, C W AU - Hinton, D M AU - Mitchell, T AU - Snook, ME AD - USDA ARS, Athens, GA, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Environment Abstracts KW - Plant diseases KW - Amino acids KW - Endophytes KW - surfactin KW - biosurfactants KW - Hydrophobicity KW - Isomers KW - Zea mays KW - Pesticides KW - Fatty acids KW - lipopeptides KW - Bacillus KW - Fusarium verticillioides KW - Amino acid sequence KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - ENA 09:Land Use & Planning KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20870720?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Surfactin+production+by+strains+of+Bacillus+mojavensis&rft.au=Bacon%2C+C+W%3BHinton%2C+D+M%3BMitchell%2C+T%3BSnook%2C+ME&rft.aulast=Bacon&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S7&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Plant diseases; Endophytes; Fatty acids; surfactin; Hydrophobicity; biosurfactants; lipopeptides; Isomers; Amino acid sequence; Amino acids; Pesticides; Zea mays; Bacillus; Fusarium verticillioides ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitative Resistance to Bean dwarf mosaic virus in Common Bean Is Associated with the Bet Gene for Resistance to Beet curly top virus AN - 20868827; 9382748 AB - The dominant resistance gene, Bet, in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) confers qualitative resistance to Beet curly top virus, a leafhopper-transmitted geminivirus in the genus Curtovirus. To determine whether this gene confers resistance to other geminiviruses, bean plants of a recombinant inbred population were sap-inoculated with Bean dwarf mosaic virus (BDMV), a whitefly-transmitted bipartite begomovirus in the genus Begomovirus. Results indicated that Bet (or tightly linked gene) is associated with quantitative resistance to BDMV; thus, the Bet locus is associated with resistance to a bean-infecting begomovirus and curtovirus. The difference in the nature of the resistance to these geminiviruses may indicate a role for minor genes in begomovirus resistance or differences in the virus-host interaction. The Bet locus, whether it acts alone or represents a cluster of tightly linked genes, will be useful in breeding for broad-spectrum begomovirus resistance in common bean. JF - Plant Disease AU - Miklas, P N AU - Seo, Y-S AU - Gilbertson, R L AD - USDA-ARS, Vegetable and Forage Crop Research Unit, Prosser, WA 99350, USA, phil.miklas@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 645 EP - 648 VL - 93 IS - 6 SN - 0191-2917, 0191-2917 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts; Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Begomovirus KW - Plant diseases KW - Plant breeding KW - Disease resistance KW - Beans KW - Bean dwarf mosaic virus KW - Curtovirus KW - Beet curly top virus KW - Phaseolus vulgaris KW - Inbreeding KW - Geminivirus KW - Plant viruses KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - V 22420:Plant Diseases KW - Z 05350:Medical, Veterinary, and Agricultural Entomology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20868827?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Disease&rft.atitle=Quantitative+Resistance+to+Bean+dwarf+mosaic+virus+in+Common+Bean+Is+Associated+with+the+Bet+Gene+for+Resistance+to+Beet+curly+top+virus&rft.au=Hyberg%2C+Bengt+T%3BRiley%2C+Pete&rft.aulast=Hyberg&rft.aufirst=Bengt&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=527&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wetlands&rft.issn=02775212&rft_id=info:doi/10.1672%2F08-132.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Plant diseases; Plant breeding; Inbreeding; Disease resistance; Plant viruses; Beans; Begomovirus; Bean dwarf mosaic virus; Curtovirus; Beet curly top virus; Phaseolus vulgaris; Geminivirus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-93-6-0645 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of Resistance Spectra of the Pi-ta and Pi-k Genes to U.S. Races of Magnaporthe oryzae Causing Rice Blast in a Recombinant Inbred Line Population AN - 20861147; 9382747 AB - Molecular tagged resistance (R) genes are useful for developing improved cultivar resistance using marker-assisted breeding. In the present study, R genes to common races of Magnaporthe oryzae, the causal agent of blast disease of rice (Oryza sativa), were mapped using an F sub(10) recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a cross of tropical japonica cv. Katy with breeding line RU9101001. Katy was resistant to 10 common U.S. races: IA-45, IB-1, IB-45, IB-49, IB-54, IC-17, ID-1, IB-1, IG-1, and IH-1 of M. oryzae. RU9101001 was resistant to races IA-45, IB-45, IB-54, IG-1, and IH-1. Katy and RU9101001 were susceptible to race IE-1k. Twenty-three polymorphic simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were used to map R genes. Segregation ratios of 1:1 (resistant/susceptible) to races IB-1, IB-49, IC-17, ID-1, and IE-1 indicated the presence of a single dominant R gene in Katy. Ratios of 3:1 (resistant/susceptible) to races IA-45, IB-45, IG-1, and BH-1 indicated that a single R gene was present in Katy and a different R gene was present in RU9101001. Resistance to the abovementioned races was correlated with the presences of the Pi-ta gene and 11 Katy SSR alleles, suggesting that Pi-ta confers resistance to IA-45, IB-1, IB-45, IB-49, IC-17, IG-1, ID-1, IE-1, and IH-1. Katy, RU9101001, and all RILs were resistant to race IB-54, which was consistent with the presence of Pi-k super(s)in Katy and Pi-k super(s) in RU9101001. Resistance to IA-45, IB-45, IG-1, and IH-1 correlated with the presence of Pi-k super(h), suggesting that Pi-k super(h) confers resistance to IA-45, IB-45, IG-1, and IH-1. These data suggest that Pi-ta and Pi-k super(h) are effective R genes with overlapped resistance to the 10 common races of M. oryzae. JF - Plant Disease AU - Jia, Y AU - Lee, F N AU - McClung, A AD - United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Dale Bumpers National Rice Research Center, Stuttgart, AR 72160, USA, yulin.jia@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 639 EP - 644 VL - 93 IS - 6 SN - 0191-2917, 0191-2917 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - rice blast KW - Plant diseases KW - Data processing KW - Plant breeding KW - Oryza sativa KW - Simple sequence repeats KW - Inbreeding KW - Races KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20861147?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Disease&rft.atitle=Determination+of+Resistance+Spectra+of+the+Pi-ta+and+Pi-k+Genes+to+U.S.+Races+of+Magnaporthe+oryzae+Causing+Rice+Blast+in+a+Recombinant+Inbred+Line+Population&rft.au=Jia%2C+Y%3BLee%2C+F+N%3BMcClung%2C+A&rft.aulast=Jia&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=639&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Disease&rft.issn=01912917&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPDIS-93-6-0639 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - rice blast; Plant diseases; Data processing; Plant breeding; Simple sequence repeats; Inbreeding; Races; Oryza sativa DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-93-6-0639 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Humoral Immunity to West Nile Virus Is Long-Lasting and Protective in the House Sparrow (Passer domesticus) AN - 20803543; 10904113 AB - The house sparrow (Passer domesticus) is a common and abundant amplifying host of West Nile virus (WNV) and many survive infection and develop humoral immunity. We experimentally inoculated house sparrows with WNV and monitored duration and protection of resulting antibodies. Neutralizing antibody titers remained relatively constant for > 36 months (N = 42) and provided sterilizing immunity for up to 36 months post-inoculation in 98.6% of individuals (N = 72). These results imply that immune house sparrows are protected from WNV infection for multiple transmission seasons. Additionally, individuals experiencing WNV-associated mortality reached significantly higher peak viremia titers than survivors, and mortality during acute infection was significantly higher in caged versus free-flight sparrows. A better understanding of the long-term immunity and mortality rates in birds is valuable in interpreting serosurveillance and diagnostic data and modeling transmission and disease dynamics. JF - American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene AU - Nemeth, N M AU - Oesterle, P T AU - Bowen, R A AD - National Wildlife Research Center, USDA/APHIS/WS, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA, nnemeth@colostate.edu Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 VL - 80 IS - 6 SN - 0002-9637, 0002-9637 KW - House sparrow KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Immunology Abstracts; Virology & AIDS Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Mortality KW - Data processing KW - Immunity KW - Hosts KW - Infection KW - Disease transmission KW - Public health KW - Passer domesticus KW - Immunity (humoral) KW - Antibodies KW - Viral diseases KW - Viremia KW - West Nile virus KW - Mortality causes KW - K 03410:Animal Diseases KW - V 22410:Animal Diseases KW - Q1 08484:Species interactions: parasites and diseases KW - J 02350:Immunology KW - F 06910:Microorganisms & Parasites KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20803543?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Tropical+Medicine+and+Hygiene&rft.atitle=Humoral+Immunity+to+West+Nile+Virus+Is+Long-Lasting+and+Protective+in+the+House+Sparrow+%28Passer+domesticus%29&rft.au=Nemeth%2C+N+M%3BOesterle%2C+P+T%3BBowen%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Nemeth&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Tropical+Medicine+and+Hygiene&rft.issn=00029637&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Antibodies; Viral diseases; Hosts; Immunity; Mortality causes; Public health; Disease transmission; Immunity (humoral); Mortality; Data processing; Viremia; Infection; Passer domesticus; West Nile virus ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 1,3-Diferuloyl-sn-glycerol from the biocatalytic transesterification of ethyl 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy cinnamic acid (ethyl ferulate) and soybean oil AN - 20786244; 10851334 AB - 1,3-Diferuloyl-sn-glycerol is found ubiquitously throughout the plant kingdom, possessing ultraviolet adsorbing and antioxidant properties. Diferuloyl glycerol was synthesized and isolated as a byproduct in up to 5% yield from a pilot plant scale packed-bed, biocatalytic transesterification of ethyl ferulate with soybean oil or mono- and diacylglycerols from soybean oil. The yield of the diferuloyl glycerol byproduct was directly proportional to the overall water concentration of the bioreactor. The isolated diferuloyl glycerol exhibited good ultraviolet adsorbing properties, 280--360 nm with a lmax 322 nm, and compared well to the efficacy of commercial sunscreen active ingredients. The antioxidant capacity of diferuloyl glycerol (0.25--2.5 mM) was determined by its ability to scavenge 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals and was comparable to that of ferulic acid. At current pilot plant scale production capacity, 120 kg diferuloyl glycerol byproduct could be isolated per year. JF - Biotechnology Letters AU - Compton, David L AU - Laszlo, Joseph A AD - New Crops and Processing Technology Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1815 N. University St., Peoria, IL 61604, USA, david.compton@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 889 EP - 896 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany, [mailto:subscriptions@springer.de], [URL:http://www.springer.de/] VL - 31 IS - 6 SN - 0141-5492, 0141-5492 KW - Environment Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Antioxidants KW - Byproducts KW - Ferulic acid KW - Diacylglycerol KW - Cinnamic acid KW - Soybeans KW - Oil KW - Glycerol KW - U.V. radiation KW - Bioreactors KW - Sunscreens KW - soybeans KW - Biotechnology KW - Radicals KW - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20786244?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+Letters&rft.atitle=1%2C3-Diferuloyl-sn-glycerol+from+the+biocatalytic+transesterification+of+ethyl+4-hydroxy-3-methoxy+cinnamic+acid+%28ethyl+ferulate%29+and+soybean+oil&rft.au=Compton%2C+David+L%3BLaszlo%2C+Joseph+A&rft.aulast=Compton&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=889&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+Letters&rft.issn=01415492&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10529-009-9952-1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Oil; U.V. radiation; Antioxidants; Glycerol; Bioreactors; Sunscreens; Ferulic acid; Diacylglycerol; Cinnamic acid; Radicals; Soybeans; Byproducts; Biotechnology; soybeans DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10529-009-9952-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Changes in the Composition of Raw Tea Leaves from the Korean Yabukida Plant during High-Temperature Processing to Pan-Fried Kamairi-Cha Green Tea AN - 20766262; 9424394 AB - To develop a better understanding of compositional changes occurring during the production of commercial teas, we determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) changes in ingredient levels during each of several manufacturing steps used to produce Kamairi-cha, a premium green tea. Kamairi-cha uses pan-frying instead of the usual blanching technique to inactivate the enzymes responsible for producing traditional black tea. The resulting tea lacks the characteristic bitterness of green tea, producing a green tea that is described as sweet tasting. The processing steps used to produce this pan-fried tea were as follows: 1st roasting, 1st rolling, 2nd roasting, 2nd rolling, 1st firing, and 2nd firing. The results show that during production at temperatures up to 300 C, raw leaves lost (in percent) 97.3 water, 94 two chlorophylls, 14.3 seven catechins, and 2.75 caffeine. A separate analysis showed that the final product contained 21.67 mg-g dry wt of the biologically active amino acid theanine. The results of this 1st report on changes in individual catechins and other tea ingredients in tea leaves during pan-frying make it possible to select production conditions that maximize levels of beneficial tea ingredients. The possible significance of the results for the human diet is discussed. JF - Journal of Food Science AU - Friedman, Mendel AU - Levin, Carol E AU - Choi, Suk-Hyun AU - Lee, Seung-Un AU - Kozukue, Nobuyuki AD - Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Albany, CA 94710, U.S.A., Mendel.Friedman@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - C406 EP - C412 PB - Institute of Food Technology VL - 74 IS - 5 SN - 0022-1147, 0022-1147 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Diets KW - Food processing KW - High-performance liquid chromatography KW - Sweet taste KW - Chlorophyll KW - Amino acids KW - green tea KW - Leaves KW - Enzymes KW - Catechin KW - Water temperature KW - theanine KW - Bitterness KW - Caffeine KW - X 24380:Social Poisons & Drug Abuse UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20766262?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Food+Science&rft.atitle=Changes+in+the+Composition+of+Raw+Tea+Leaves+from+the+Korean+Yabukida+Plant+during+High-Temperature+Processing+to+Pan-Fried+Kamairi-Cha+Green+Tea&rft.au=Friedman%2C+Mendel%3BLevin%2C+Carol+E%3BChoi%2C+Suk-Hyun%3BLee%2C+Seung-Un%3BKozukue%2C+Nobuyuki&rft.aulast=Friedman&rft.aufirst=Mendel&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=C406&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Food+Science&rft.issn=00221147&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1750-3841.2009.01185.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - High-performance liquid chromatography; Food processing; Diets; Chlorophyll; Sweet taste; Amino acids; green tea; Leaves; Enzymes; Catechin; Water temperature; theanine; Bitterness; Caffeine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2009.01185.x ER - TY - CONF T1 - Effects of antagonistic Pseudomonas strains on soil and airborne populations of Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium verticillioides AN - 20764375; 10271799 AB - Pseudomonas chlororaphis strain JP1015 and Pseudomonas fluorescens strain JP2175 were previously isolated from Mississippi corn field soil samples and selected for their growth inhibition of Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium verticillioides in laboratory culture. In this study, we determined the antifungal activity of these bacterial strains against A. flavus and F. verticillioides in soil coculture. Growth of A. flavus was inhibited up to 100-fold by P. chlororaphis and up to 58-fold by P. fluorescens within 3 days following soil coinoculation. A. flavus propagule populations remained 7-fold to 20-fold lower in soil treated with either bacterial strain. F. verticillioides growth was inhibited up to 40-fold by P. chlororaphis and up to 30-fold by P. fluorescens after 3 days of soil coculture, and remained up to 6-fold lower after 16 days. One mechanism by which corn may become infected by these fixngi is by spore transmission via wind. Using a bench-scale wind chamber, we demonstrated that bacterial treatments of soil led to significant reduction in the number of airborne spores dispersed across a 1-meter distance. These results suggest that corn field soil amendment using these bacterial strains may be effective in reducing the populations of mycotoxigenic fungi, thereby limiting fungal spore formation, and ultimately decreasing the potential for corn infection via airborne transmission. JF - Phytopathology AU - Palumbo, J D AU - O'Keeffe, T L AU - Abbas, H K Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Environment Abstracts KW - Aspergillus flavus KW - Propagules KW - Pseudomonas KW - Infection KW - corn KW - Soil microorganisms KW - Pseudomonas fluorescens KW - Soil KW - Pseudomonas chlororaphis KW - soil amendment KW - infection KW - laboratory culture KW - Wind KW - Fungi KW - Soil amendment KW - Antifungal activity KW - USA, Mississippi KW - Spores KW - Fusarium verticillioides KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases KW - ENA 15:Renewable Resources-Terrestrial KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20764375?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+antagonistic+Pseudomonas+strains+on+soil+and+airborne+populations+of+Aspergillus+flavus+and+Fusarium+verticillioides&rft.au=Palumbo%2C+J+D%3BO%27Keeffe%2C+T+L%3BAbbas%2C+H+K&rft.aulast=Palumbo&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S99&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of seeding rate on spotted wilt incidence in new peanut cultivars and breeding lines AN - 20763602; 10272424 AB - Tomato spotted wilt, caused by thrips-vectored tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), is a very serious problem in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in the southeastern U.S. Establishment of plant density of 13 or more plants/m of row is recommended as part of an integrated management system for minimizing losses to spotted wilt. To achieve that plant density, growers often sow 19 or more seed/m of row. Cultivars with higher levels of field resistance than that of the standard moderately resistant cultivar, Georgia Green, might allow use of lower seeding density with subsequent lower seed cost, without increasing risk of damage by spotted wilt. In one field experiment in 2008, incidence of spotted wilt in new cultivars Florida-07, Georgia-06G, and Tifguard, was 18.3, 16.2, and 15.1%, respectively, at 9.8 seed/m of row and 12.8, 10.6, and 9.6%, respectively, at 19.7 seed/m of row, while incidence in Georgia Green was 53.9% and 40.7% for those same respective seeding rates (LSD = 3.6, P = 0.05). In another experiment in 2008, incidence of spotted wilt in genotypes GA 052524, GA 052527, GA 052529, Georgia-01R, Georgia-02C, and C724-19-25 was 9.1, 10.3, 6.0, 21.8, 12.5, and 18.9%, respectively, at 9.8 seed/m of row and 6.7, 4.1, 2.4, 15.5, 6.7, and 19.6%, respectively, at 19.7 seed/m of row; whereas, incidence in Georgia Green was 48.7% and 40.1% for the 9.8 seed/m and 19.7 seed/m seeding rates, respectively (LSD = 3.8, P = 0.05). These results indicate that levels of field resistance to TSWV in several new cultivars and breeding lines are adequate to allow use of lower seeding rates than with the moderately resistant cultivar Georgia Green without increasing the risk of losses to spotted wilt. JF - Phytopathology AU - Culbreath, A AU - Branch, W AU - Holbrook, C AU - Tillman, B L AD - USDA Crop Genetics & Breeding, Coastal Plain Expt. Station, Tifton, GA, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Entomology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Arachis hypogaea KW - Tomato spotted wilt virus KW - Seeds KW - Seeding rate KW - Plant breeding KW - lysergide KW - Nuts KW - USA, Georgia KW - Genotypes KW - Lycopersicon esculentum KW - seeding KW - breeding KW - cultivars KW - Seeding KW - Wilt KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - V 22420:Plant Diseases KW - ENA 05:Environmental Design & Urban Ecology KW - Z 05360:Genetics and Evolution KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20763602?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Effect+of+seeding+rate+on+spotted+wilt+incidence+in+new+peanut+cultivars+and+breeding+lines&rft.au=Culbreath%2C+A%3BBranch%2C+W%3BHolbrook%2C+C%3BTillman%2C+B+L&rft.aulast=Culbreath&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S197&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Seeds; Seeding rate; Plant breeding; Seeding; Nuts; lysergide; Genotypes; Wilt; seeding; breeding; cultivars; Lycopersicon esculentum; Arachis hypogaea; Tomato spotted wilt virus; USA, Georgia ER - TY - CONF T1 - Improving the risk assessment of beneficial plant pathogens for biological control of weeds: Yellow starthistle and Russian thistle pathogens AN - 20763445; 10272321 AB - The objectives of risk assessment are to learn about whether a candidate agent would be safe to use in the environment where release is planned, and to present such information in a clear, understandable format to regulators, stakeholders, and the public. Plant pathogens evaluated for biological control of weeds are, by definition both plant pests and pesticides, and for each of these categories there is a unique set of regulations. Risk assessment, therefore, is central to development of plant pathogens for weed management, particularly if the candidate is of foreign origin. Both objectives were achieved when permit was issued in 2003 for the release of Puccinia jaceae, a rust fungus collected in Turkey, for biological control of yellow starthistle (Centaurea solstitialis), an invasive plant of major importance in the Western U.S. Risk assessment approaches that led to this achievement had been defined over 30 years ago. Recently, statistical and molecular tools have become readily available to scientists in biological control that should facilitate development, analysis, interpretation, and communication of data concerning candidate agent safety. The application of molecular information and the use of mixed model analysis are being applied currently to risk assessments of Russian thistle (Salsola tragus) pathogens. JF - Phytopathology AU - Bruckart, W L AU - Warner, K D Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Environment Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Biological control KW - Centaurea solstitialis KW - Weeds KW - Molecular modelling KW - Salsola KW - Statistics KW - Communication KW - Rust KW - pests KW - Permits KW - Pests KW - Tragus KW - Data processing KW - weed control KW - Puccinia KW - Turkey KW - Pathogens KW - invasive plants KW - USA KW - Communications KW - Pesticides KW - weeds KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20763445?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+agricultural+and+food+chemistry&rft.atitle=Soil+depth+and+tillage+effects+on+glyphosate+degradation.&rft.au=Zablotowicz%2C+Robert+M%3BAccinelli%2C+Cesare%3BKrutz%2C+L+Jason%3BReddy%2C+Krishna+N&rft.aulast=Zablotowicz&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2009-06-10&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=4867&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+agricultural+and+food+chemistry&rft.issn=1520-5118&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fjf900272w LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Crop management strategies and disease resistance control the severity of false smut and kernel smut of rice AN - 20763379; 10270716 AB - False smut and kernel smut are common diseases of rice capable of severe epidemics with dramatic yield losses. The importance of rice smuts is often overlooked in the United States, and highly susceptible varieties are now being grown on the majority of production acres in the southern rice producing states. Our objectives were to identify crop management practices that affect smut severity on susceptible rice varieties, to identify factors that may promote or reduce disease. Concurrently, a rice germplasm evaluation was undertaken for the long-term goal of identifying disease resistance. Using a long-term rice cropping systems study we evaluated the effects of tillage, crop rotation, irrigation, and fertility on smut severity. In an independent study designed to maximize disease pressure, smut severity was evaluated in rice variety-entries in a screen for resistance. As expected both diseases responded positively to increasing fertility, and the principal rice culture system (rice-soybean rotation, tilled soil, high fertilizer input) was found to promote the highest levels of both diseases. Conversely, fertility moderation, conservation tillage and continuous rice cropping all dramatically reduced false smut severity on susceptible rice varieties. Kernel smut was moderated only by reduced nitrogen fertility. All rice varieties tested were susceptible to false smut, but two rice hybrids were identified that were resistant to kernel smut. JF - Phytopathology AU - Brooks, S AU - Anders, M AU - Yeater, K AD - USDA ARS Dale Bumpers National Rice Research Center, Stuttgart, AR, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Rice KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Environment Abstracts KW - disease resistance KW - Fertility KW - Disease resistance KW - Freshwater KW - Crops KW - Soil KW - Fertilizers KW - Rice fields KW - Hybrids KW - Germplasm KW - Kernels KW - Pressure KW - Smut KW - Plant diseases KW - Epidemics KW - Irrigation KW - Aquatic plants KW - Oryza sativa KW - Crop rotation KW - USA KW - Tillage KW - Conservation KW - tillage KW - Nitrogen KW - False smut KW - ENA 06:Food & Drugs KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - Q1 08484:Species interactions: parasites and diseases KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20763379?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=XXVIII+International+Congress+of+the+Latin+American+Studies+Association+%28LASA+2009%29&rft.atitle=Sustainability+of+Brazilian+Biofuels%3A+An+Economic%2C+Social+and+Environmental+Analysis&rft.au=Zahniser%2C+Steven%3BValdes%2C+Constanza&rft.aulast=Zahniser&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2009-06-11&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=XXVIII+International+Congress+of+the+Latin+American+Studies+Association+%28LASA+2009%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fertilizers; Plant diseases; Fertility; Epidemics; Aquatic plants; Disease resistance; Smut; Irrigation; Crops; Soil; Crop rotation; Hybrids; Tillage; Germplasm; Conservation; Kernels; Pressure; False smut; Nitrogen; disease resistance; Rice fields; tillage; Oryza sativa; USA; Freshwater ER - TY - CONF T1 - The effect of storage temperatures on the growth and virulence of Penicillium expansum and Penicillium solitum AN - 20762886; 10272053 AB - Penicillium expansum and Penicillium solitum cause blue mold of apples which is an economically important postharvest disease. These two fungi differ in their virulence but both can cause significant losses and their control is necessary during storage. Therefore, we evaluated the effect of storage temperatures (0, 5, 10 and 20C) on conidial germination, mycelial growth, decay on apples, and activity of polygalacturonase (PG) in vitro. Conidial germination and mycelial growth of both pathogens occurred at 0, 5, 10 and 20C and were temperature sensitive. P. expansum and P. solitum differed in pathogenicity on fruit as P. expansum caused decay at 10 and 20C, while P. solitum induced symptoms only at 20C. Virulence of P. expansum and P. solitum also differed as lesions caused by P. expansum were larger at all temperatures. No lesions developed on apples stored for 21 days at 0 and 5C. However, both fungi caused decay on apples when moved from low temperature and allowed to incubated at 20C. In vitro polygalacturonase activity was detectable at 0, 5, 10 and 20C and was temperature-responsive. Nevertheless, symptoms did not develop at low temperatures because PG may not have been produced or could not overcome host defenses. Results obtained from this study show that fungal growth occurs at common storage temperatures, that purified PG from P. expansum and P. solitum is active at 0, 5, 10 and 20C, and that both fungi remain viable in inoculated apple fruit following incubation at low temperature. JF - Phytopathology AU - Vico, I AU - Jurick, WM AU - Camp, MJ AU - Janisiewicz, W J AU - Conway, W S Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Environment Abstracts KW - Fruits KW - Penicillium KW - Penicillium expansum KW - Virulence KW - Polygalacturonase KW - Pathogenicity KW - Malus KW - Lesions KW - Decay KW - germination KW - Temperature effects KW - Germination KW - Fungi KW - fruits KW - Temperature KW - Mycelia KW - Pathogens KW - Storage KW - Blue mold KW - low temperature KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - ENA 21:Wildlife KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20762886?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=The+effect+of+storage+temperatures+on+the+growth+and+virulence+of+Penicillium+expansum+and+Penicillium+solitum&rft.au=Vico%2C+I%3BJurick%2C+WM%3BCamp%2C+MJ%3BJanisiewicz%2C+W+J%3BConway%2C+W+S&rft.aulast=Vico&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genetic population structure of Cochliobolus miyabeanus on cultivated wild rice (Zizania palustris L.) in Minnesota AN - 20762827; 10270724 AB - Cochliobolus miyabeanus (Bipolaris oryzae) is the causal agent of fungal brown spot (FBS) in wild rice (Zizania palustris L.), an aquatic grass, endemic in Minnesota, Wisconsin, and parts of Canada. Grain yield losses can reach up to 74% when the disease starts at the boot stage and continues until grain maturity. In Minnesota, management of FBS in grower paddies is done mostly by sanitation and application of fungicides. Breeding for resistance is in progress. Knowledge of the amount and distribution of fungal diversity is required for an integrated management system of FBS. The fungus, an ascomycete, is believed to be genetically diverse but no data is available yet. A collection of 200 isolates was made from Polk, Clearwater, Aitkin, Beltrami, Itasca, and Lake of the Woods counties during 2007 and 2008. Analysis of amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers from 93 isolates with 17 polymorphic markers, generated with two primer-pair combinations indicate a total average gene diversity (H) of 0.34 and low, although significant, population subdivision by area of collection (F sub(st) = 0.14, P = 0.0). H values within areas of collection were different. Forty-three haplotypes were present among 93 isolates. These preliminary results indicate that the population of C. miyabeanus in Minnesota is genetically diverse. JF - Phytopathology AU - Castell-Miller, C V AU - Samac, DA AD - USDA ARS, St. Paul, MN, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Rice KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Grasses KW - Plant breeding KW - Genetic diversity KW - Freshwater KW - USA, Wisconsin KW - Lakes KW - Amplified fragment length polymorphism KW - Sanitation KW - Haplotypes KW - Rice fields KW - Ascomycetes KW - Maturity KW - Brown spot KW - Plant diseases KW - Data processing KW - Aquatic plants KW - Oryza sativa KW - Biopolymorphism KW - Canada, Ontario, Lake of the Woods KW - Cochliobolus KW - USA, Minnesota KW - Bipolaris oryzae KW - Fungicides KW - Grain KW - Population structure KW - Zizania palustris KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - Q1 08484:Species interactions: parasites and diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20762827?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Genetic+population+structure+of+Cochliobolus+miyabeanus+on+cultivated+wild+rice+%28Zizania+palustris+L.%29+in+Minnesota&rft.au=Castell-Miller%2C+C+V%3BSamac%2C+DA&rft.aulast=Castell-Miller&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S19&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-09-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Plant diseases; Rice fields; Fungicides; Aquatic plants; Genetic diversity; Biopolymorphism; Data processing; Grasses; Plant breeding; Amplified fragment length polymorphism; Lakes; Sanitation; Haplotypes; Grain; Population structure; Maturity; Brown spot; Bipolaris oryzae; Oryza sativa; Ascomycetes; Zizania palustris; Cochliobolus; USA, Wisconsin; Canada, Ontario, Lake of the Woods; USA, Minnesota; Freshwater ER - TY - CONF T1 - Exposure of soil-dwelling nematodes to diacetylphloroglucinol (DAPG) AN - 20762769; 10271707 AB - Some isolates of the bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens produce the antibiotic diacetylphloroglucinol (DAPG). DAPG is toxic to various organisms, including plants, fungi, viruses, and bacteria. In addition, crop yield increases have been reported after application of DAPG-producing isolates of P. fluorescens. The goal of this study was to determine whether DAPG is toxic to selected soil-dwelling nematodes, including free-living nematodes and plant parasites. In laboratory assays, the nematodes Caenorhabditis elegans, Heterodera glycines, Meloidogyne incognita, Pratylenchus scribneri, Pristionchus paciflcus, Rhabditis rainai, and Xiphinema americanum were immersed in DAPG at concentrations ranging from 1 to 75 or 100 kg/ml. There were no observable effects on some species, but DAPG inhibited M. incognita egg hatch, tended to stimulate C. elegans egg hatch, and was toxic to X. americanum adults. The results indicate that DAPG produced by bacteria in the soil would not directly suppress population numbers of every nematode species exposed to the compound; effects would vary with nematode taxon and with life stage of the nematode. JF - Phytopathology AU - Meyer, S L AU - Halbrendt, J M AU - Carta, L K AU - Skantar, A M AU - Liu, T AU - Abdelnabby, H M AU - Vinyard, B T Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Environment Abstracts KW - population number KW - Parasites KW - Heterodera glycines KW - plant parasites KW - Pristionchus KW - Viruses KW - crop yield KW - Antibiotics KW - Rhabditis KW - Crops KW - Meloidogyne incognita KW - Soil microorganisms KW - Pseudomonas fluorescens KW - Soil KW - nematodes KW - Caenorhabditis elegans KW - Nematoda KW - Glycine KW - Fungi KW - Developmental stages KW - Xiphinema KW - Pratylenchus KW - Plant viruses KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases KW - V 22400:Human Diseases KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20762769?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Exposure+of+soil-dwelling+nematodes+to+diacetylphloroglucinol+%28DAPG%29&rft.au=Meyer%2C+S+L%3BHalbrendt%2C+J+M%3BCarta%2C+L+K%3BSkantar%2C+A+M%3BLiu%2C+T%3BAbdelnabby%2C+H+M%3BVinyard%2C+B+T&rft.aulast=Meyer&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S85&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cropping system effects on soilborne potato diseases and soil microbial communities AN - 20762665; 10271562 AB - Four different potato cropping systems, designed to address specific management goals of soil conservation (SC), soil improvement (SI), disease suppression (DS), and a status quo (SQ) standard rotation control, were evaluated for their effects on soilborne diseases of potato and soil microbial community characteristics (SMCC). SQ consisted of barley underseeded with red clover followed by potato (2-yr). SC featured an additional year of forage grass and reduced tillage (3-yr, barley/timothy-timothy), SI added yearly compost amendments, and DS featured diverse crops with known diseasesuppressive capability (3-yr, mustard/rapeseed-sudangrass/rye). Each system was also compared to a continuous potato control (PP) and evaluated under irrigated and non-irrigated conditions. Data averaged over three potato seasons demonstrated that all rotations reduced stem canker (10-50%) relative to PP. All rotations reduced black scurf (28-58%) relative to PP, and scurf was lower in DS than all other systems. The SQ, SC, and DS systems also reduced common scab (15-35%), and scab was lower in DS than all other systems. Irrigation increased black scurf and common scab, but also resulted in higher yields for most rotations. SI had the greatest effects on soil microbial parameters, and produced the highest yields under rainfed conditions. DS produced high yields and low disease overall. Each rotation resulted in distinctive changes in SMCC as represented by microbial populations, substrate utilization, and FAME profiles. JF - Phytopathology AU - Larkin, R AU - Honeycutt, W AU - Griffin, T AU - Halloran, J AU - Olanya, M AU - He, Z AD - USDA ARS, Orono, ME, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Hordeum vulgare KW - Compost KW - Crop KW - Data processing KW - Composts KW - Grasses KW - Irrigation KW - Scurf KW - Black scurf KW - Crops KW - Soil microorganisms KW - Soil KW - Solanum tuberosum KW - Tillage KW - forage KW - Soil conservation KW - tillage KW - Stem canker KW - Scab KW - ENA 06:Food & Drugs KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20762665?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Cropping+system+effects+on+soilborne+potato+diseases+and+soil+microbial+communities&rft.au=Larkin%2C+R%3BHoneycutt%2C+W%3BGriffin%2C+T%3BHalloran%2C+J%3BOlanya%2C+M%3BHe%2C+Z&rft.aulast=Larkin&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S69&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Crop; Data processing; Composts; Grasses; Irrigation; Scurf; Black scurf; Crops; Soil microorganisms; Tillage; Soil conservation; Stem canker; Scab; Compost; Soil; forage; tillage; Hordeum vulgare; Solanum tuberosum ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predicting potential impacts of climate change on Armillaria root disease in the inland northwestern USA AN - 20762640; 10271550 AB - Climatic changes in weather patterns, especially temperature and precipitation, will undoubtedly impact large-scale features of forest health. Forest pathogens are especially influenced by changing climate; their distribution and pathogenicity will almost certainly change as climatic factors shift. Methods are needed to predict these changes in association with their impacts and responses. With such predictions, forest managers can make prudent decisions about management practices aimed at mitigating adverse impacts or augmenting potentially positive impacts. If precise locations of accurately identified pathogens, their hosts, and climatic factors are spatially referenced, then climate surfaces can be used to determine which factors influence and determine pathogen distributions. Bioclimatic models can predict the potential occurrence and distribution of suitable climate space for host and pathogen species under present and projected future climate scenarios. For most forest pathogens, predictive capacity is extremely limited because precise distribution data are lacking. In an ongoing study, we used existing data from survey plots to develop spatial modeling approaches for predicting Armillaria root disease in the inland northwestern USA. Continued surveys and research are needed to further refine bioclimatic models to predict influences of climate and climate change on forest disease. JF - Phytopathology AU - Klopfenstein, N B AU - Kim, M AU - Hanna, J W AU - Richardson, BA AU - Smith, AL AU - Maffei, H AD - USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Moscow, ID, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Environment Abstracts KW - Temperature effects KW - Weather KW - Data processing KW - Armillaria KW - Rainfall KW - Climate KW - Climate change KW - Climatic changes KW - Temperature KW - Forests KW - Roots KW - Pathogens KW - Precipitation KW - Models KW - Decision making KW - USA KW - mitigation KW - Pathogenicity KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 20:Weather Modification & Geophysical Change KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20762640?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Predicting+potential+impacts+of+climate+change+on+Armillaria+root+disease+in+the+inland+northwestern+USA&rft.au=Klopfenstein%2C+N+B%3BKim%2C+M%3BHanna%2C+J+W%3BRichardson%2C+BA%3BSmith%2C+AL%3BMaffei%2C+H&rft.aulast=Klopfenstein&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S65&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Decision making; Weather; Data processing; Pathogenicity; Climatic changes; Roots; Forests; Precipitation; Pathogens; Models; mitigation; Rainfall; Climate change; Climate; Temperature; Armillaria; USA ER - TY - CONF T1 - Surfactants for crown gall management in walnut nurseries: Efficacy of benzalkonium chloride and cetyl trimethylammonium bromide on grafting tools AN - 20762165; 10272349 AB - The dominant rootstock in California walnut production is Paradox (Juglans regia x J. hindsii). This rootstock is precocious, hardy in marginal soils, and resistant to Phytophthora diseases, although highly susceptible to crown gall caused by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Recently, serious outbreaks of crown gall have occurred in walnut nurseries with crop losses approaching 100%. Galls are not only appearing on roots and crowns, but also at grafting and bleeding wounds made during the grafting process. In greenhouse trials, A. tumefaciens was readily transmitted from plant to plant via sequential wounding of Datura stramonium plants with a cutting tool. To investigate sanitizing options, A. tumefaciens was challenged by two cationic surfactants, benzalkonium chloride (BC) and cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). After a 30 minute exposure, 5 ppm of BC or CTAB is required for 100% bacterial mortality of an aqueous suspension of A. tumefaciens. When compared to quaternary ammonium and sodium hypochlorite, both surfactants were less affected by organic matter and less corrosive to metal tools. These characteristics, along with low phytotoxicity, make BC and CTAB promising materials for use in most systems where pruning or grafting tools are potential inoculum vectors. JF - Phytopathology AU - Yakabe, LE AU - Parker AU - Kluepfel, DA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Environment Abstracts KW - Benzalkonium chloride KW - Chlorides KW - Roots KW - bromides KW - Crops KW - Galls KW - Agrobacterium tumefaciens KW - Soil KW - Datura stramonium KW - Inoculum KW - USA, California KW - Phytophthora KW - quaternary KW - Mortality KW - Ammonium KW - Metals KW - Crown gall KW - Grafting KW - Organic matter KW - Rootstocks KW - Sodium hypochlorite KW - outbreaks KW - Greenhouses KW - Sodium KW - Bleeding KW - Phytotoxicity KW - Pruning KW - Juglans regia KW - Surfactants KW - Wounding KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20762165?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Surfactants+for+crown+gall+management+in+walnut+nurseries%3A+Efficacy+of+benzalkonium+chloride+and+cetyl+trimethylammonium+bromide+on+grafting+tools&rft.au=Yakabe%2C+LE%3BParker%3BKluepfel%2C+DA&rft.aulast=Yakabe&rft.aufirst=LE&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S187&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - RESEARCH ARTICLE: Water-Harvesting Applications for Rangelands Revisited AN - 20760719; 10208212 AB - Although water-harvesting techniques have been used effectively in irrigated agriculture and domestic water supplies, there seems to have been little continued exploitation of the same techniques in arid and semiarid rangeland water conservation. A review of the history of rangeland water harvesting allows identification of the methods that have been useful in the past and that would likely be effective in the future. It seems that relatively simple water-harvesting approaches work best on rangelands, particularly water-ponding dikes to stimulate vegetation growth. Experience from rangeland water harvesting in New Mexico and other locations in the Southwest indicates that the approach is a long-term solution that produces significant vegetation growth, but generally only 10-15 years after installation because of the sporadic and spatially distributed nature of the summer monsoon rainfall. Additionally, the use of water-ponding dikes seems to most reliably produce an 'island' of enhanced soil moisture and increased habitat cover and forage. Water-ponding dikes are easy and relatively inexpensive to construct and produce a pattern of vegetation similar to naturally occurring banded vegetation. Even very shallow dikes (7.5 cm) have been shown to produce a significant vegetation response. As climate changes our water supplies, historical techniques of water harvesting used for over 9,000 years are viable rangeland water conservation alternatives now and in the future for adapting to such changes. Environmental Practice 11:84-94 (2009) JF - Environmental Practice AU - Rango, Albert AU - Havstad, Kris AD - USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range, Las Cruces, New Mexico, alrango@nmsu.edu Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 84 EP - 94 PB - Cambridge University Press, The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 2RU UK VL - 11 IS - 2 SN - 1466-0466, 1466-0466 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Historical account KW - Water conservation KW - Rainfall KW - Water supplies KW - adaptability KW - Islands KW - Dikes KW - History KW - Climatic Changes KW - USA, New Mexico KW - Plant Growth KW - agriculture KW - Vegetation KW - Water Conservation KW - Habitat KW - Rangelands KW - Water Harvesting KW - Reviews KW - harvesting KW - forage KW - summer KW - Soil moisture KW - Monsoons KW - ENA 06:Food & Drugs KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - SW 1060:Conservation in agricultural use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20760719?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Practice&rft.atitle=RESEARCH+ARTICLE%3A+Water-Harvesting+Applications+for+Rangelands+Revisited&rft.au=Rango%2C+Albert%3BHavstad%2C+Kris&rft.aulast=Rango&rft.aufirst=Albert&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=84&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Practice&rft.issn=14660466&rft_id=info:doi/10.1017%2FS1466046609090140 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Historical account; Rainfall; Water conservation; agriculture; Vegetation; Habitat; Water supplies; adaptability; Rangelands; Islands; harvesting; Reviews; forage; summer; Soil moisture; Monsoons; Plant Growth; Dikes; History; Water Harvesting; Climatic Changes; Water Conservation; USA, New Mexico DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1466046609090140 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The epidemiological significance of post-packinghouse survival of Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri for dissemination of Asiatic citrus canker via infected fruit AN - 20757998; 10235246 AB - The risk of introduction of Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (Xcc) to new, unaffected citrus producing areas is a major concern for those citrus industries attempting to remain free of citrus canker. Citrus fruit, as a potential pathway for Xcc to enter and become established in these areas, are assumed to be a risk. However, there is little information relative to the potential of harvested fruit to act as an inoculum source. A multi-national research team was established to investigate the potential of bacterial survival in infected citrus fruit lesions and as surface contaminants on symptom-free fruit, and to examine the potential of infected fruit as a viable inoculum source. Experiments were conducted in various locations in Florida and Argentina. Bacterial recovery and culture plating were problematic due to the presence of non-pathogenic bacteria with cultural characteristics that were difficult to distinguish from Xcc. Therefore, in all experiments, although culturing on semi-selective agar media was used as an indication of overall bacterial populations, bioassays were conducted via needleless injection and infiltration of suspect bacterial suspensions into susceptible cv. Duncan grapefruit leaves. Inoculation sites were subsequently assessed for symptoms of citrus canker and lesions were individually enumerated to confirm the presence of Xcc. In commercial packing lines in Florida and northwest Argentina, prewashing the fruit to remove dirt and debris reduced surface bacterial populations. As anticipated, recovery of Xcc from fruit surfaces increased when active citrus canker lesions were present but total bacterial recovery decreased after processing, and bioassays demonstrated that the quantity of viable Xcc declined as fruit remained in cold storage, or as they aged on the trees. Bioassays demonstrated that the highest incidence of Xcc from fruit after the packing line antimicrobial treatment occurred with symptomatic fruit (2.5-50.6 lesions leaf super(-1)), and zero to very low levels with fruit from apparently healthy trees (0-1.74 lesions leaf super(- 1)). Furthermore, the proportion of injection-infiltration bioassay sites that developed lesions consistently decreased with time after processing in each of the three packinghouse studies, also showing that as fruit senesce and lesions age the ability of fruit to generate or sustain Xcc bacteria was increasingly compromised. The packing line process reduced canker lesion activity by as much as 50% compared to unprocessed fruit. Xcc survived in wounds on mature fruit attached to the tree, but Xcc populations declined in wounds of processed or non-processed harvested fruit. Discarded canker-infected fruit in cull piles was ineffective as a source of inoculum for dispersal. Transmission from cull piles of packing line-processed fruit to surrounding trap plants, even less than 1 m away, did not occur under natural conditions. However, with severely infected piles of culled fruit subject to extreme simulated wind (25 m s super(-1)) and rain conditions, only a single lesion, associated with leaf injury, developed on a trap plant immediately downwind of the cull pile, suggesting an exceedingly low risk of spread. Taken as a group, this series of experiments demonstrate that harvested and packinghouse-disinfested citrus fruit are extremely unlikely to be a pathway for Xcc to reach and infect susceptible citrus and become established in canker-free areas. JF - Crop Protection AU - Gottwald, T AU - Graham, J AU - Bock, C AU - Bonn, G AU - Civerolo, E AU - Irey, M AU - Leite, R AU - McCollum, G AU - Parker, P AU - Ramallo, J AU - Riley, T AU - Schubert, T AU - Stein, B AU - Taylor, E AD - Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, US Horticultural Research Laboratory, 2001 South Rock Road, Fort Pierce, FL 34945, USA, tim.gottwald@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 508 EP - 524 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 28 IS - 6 SN - 0261-2194, 0261-2194 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Fruit disease incidence KW - Disease spread KW - Bacterial survival KW - Disease dissemination KW - Market quality KW - Packing line disinfection KW - Cull pile KW - Lesion KW - Disease management KW - Citrus KW - Canker KW - Agar KW - Fruits KW - Age KW - Injuries KW - Trees KW - Survival KW - Packing KW - Cold storage KW - Cultural characteristics KW - Risk factors KW - Inoculum KW - Xanthomonas KW - Geographical variations KW - Wind KW - Media (culture) KW - Leaves KW - Wounds KW - Antimicrobial agents KW - Inoculation KW - Crop protection KW - Rain KW - Dispersal KW - Contaminants KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases KW - A 01300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20757998?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Crop+Protection&rft.atitle=The+epidemiological+significance+of+post-packinghouse+survival+of+Xanthomonas+citri+subsp.+citri+for+dissemination+of+Asiatic+citrus+canker+via+infected+fruit&rft.au=Gottwald%2C+T%3BGraham%2C+J%3BBock%2C+C%3BBonn%2C+G%3BCiverolo%2C+E%3BIrey%2C+M%3BLeite%2C+R%3BMcCollum%2C+G%3BParker%2C+P%3BRamallo%2C+J%3BRiley%2C+T%3BSchubert%2C+T%3BStein%2C+B%3BTaylor%2C+E&rft.aulast=Gottwald&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=508&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Crop+Protection&rft.issn=02612194&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.cropro.2009.02.003 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Canker; Fruits; Agar; Age; Injuries; Trees; Leaves; Survival; Packing; Antimicrobial agents; Wounds; Cold storage; Risk factors; Cultural characteristics; Crop protection; Inoculum; Inoculation; Dispersal; Geographical variations; Rain; Contaminants; Media (culture); Wind; Citrus; Xanthomonas DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2009.02.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Progress toward filling the weather and climate forecast needs of agricultural and natural resource management AN - 20755621; 10191557 AB - The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Weather Service (NWS) forecast offices discontinued issuing their locally tailored agricultural weather forecasts in 1996 as a result of reduced budgets and mounting political pressure to avoid competing with private industry in provision of application-specific forecasts (NOAA NWS 1995). Commercial forecast services did and do exist, but two obstacles preclude widespread use by many agricultural and natural resource managers in the United States: the expense, and a lack of confidence that they offer good value for the expense. At the same time, with the exception of the few rural radio stations that cater to agricultural interests, commercial media tend to concentrate on weather and climate issues important to their metropolitan markets. This situation has left many resource managers and agricultural producers underserved when it comes to forecasts appropriate to their decision support needs. JF - Journal of Soil and Water Conservation AU - Schneider, J M AU - Winner, J D AD - Grazinglands Research Laboratory, USDA Agricultural Research Service, El Reno, Oklahoma Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 100A EP - 106A VL - 64 IS - 3 SN - 0022-4561, 0022-4561 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Weather KW - Politics KW - Decision support systems KW - Water conservation KW - Climates KW - Water Conservation KW - natural resources management KW - Soil KW - USA KW - Natural Resources KW - Natural resources management KW - Administration KW - Natural resources KW - Climatology KW - National Weather Service KW - budgets KW - Weather forecasting KW - Rural areas KW - Future climates KW - SW 0845:Water in soils KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - M2 551.509.1/.5:Forecasting (551.509.1/.5) KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20755621?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.atitle=Progress+toward+filling+the+weather+and+climate+forecast+needs+of+agricultural+and+natural+resource+management&rft.au=Schneider%2C+J+M%3BWinner%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Schneider&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=100A&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.issn=00224561&rft_id=info:doi/10.2489%2Fjswc.64.3.100A LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Natural resources management; Natural resources; Water conservation; Climatology; National Weather Service; Weather forecasting; Future climates; Soil; Weather; Politics; Decision support systems; budgets; natural resources management; Rural areas; Natural Resources; Administration; Climates; Water Conservation; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2489/jswc.64.3.100A ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nitrate-nitrogen patterns in the Raccoon River Basin related to agricultural practices AN - 20753376; 10191560 AB - Nitrate-N concentrations in the Raccoon River have increased beginning in the early 1970s. Since this river is the predominant water supply for the City of Des Moines in Iowa, there is concern about the potential long-term impacts of these trends. Improvements in water quality from agricultural watersheds are critical to protect the water supply, and understanding the factors affecting water quality will lead to potential changes in agricultural management to improve water quality. The historical database of nitrate-nitrogen (NO sub(3)-N) concentrations sampled at the Des Moines Water Works were combined with observations on N fertilizer use, animal production, crop yields, land-use changes, and precipitation patterns to evaluate these interrelationships. Mean annual NO sub(3)-N concentrations in the Raccoon River watershed have been increasing since 1970 in spite of no significant change in N fertilizer use for the past 15 years. There have been three years with maximum NO sub(3)-N concentrations above 18 mg L super(-1). However, these spikes occurred throughout the past 30 years and are not isolated to the last 10 years of record. Nitrate-N loads from the Raccoon River watershed have shown a slight decrease in the past ten years because of the increased crop yields and increased removal of N in the corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Gylcine max [L.] Merr.) grains. Production numbers for cattle have decreased by 63% since the early 1980s, while hogs have shown a 20% decrease over the same time period. Therefore, N available for application into the basin has decreased by 25%. Annual variations in NO sub(3)-N loads are significantly related to precipitation in the first five months of the year. A significant correlation was found between the land area within the watershed cropped to small grains and hay crops and the increase of NO sub(3)-N since 1970 (r = -0.76).This relationship was caused by alteration in the seasonal water-use patterns and loss of N during the fall or early spring in the water movement in contrast to corn or soybean, which have a limited N uptake pattern concentrated between June and early September. Changes in the water-use patterns caused by shifts in cropping patterns provide an explanation for the positive correlation between precipitation and flow during the early part of the year. Development of agricultural management practices that can potentially affect water quality will have to be more inclusive of all components, in agricultural systems, rather than only changing fertilizer rate or timing. JF - Journal of Soil and Water Conservation AU - Hatfield, J L AU - McMullen, L D AU - Jones, C S AD - USDA Agricultrual Research Service NationalSoil Tilth Laboratory, Ames, Lowa Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 190 EP - 199 VL - 64 IS - 3 SN - 0022-4561, 0022-4561 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - water quality KW - Resource management KW - Water conservation KW - Water Supply KW - Basins KW - Watersheds KW - Water quality KW - Water supplies KW - Crops KW - Soil KW - Fertilizers KW - Corn KW - Seasonal variations KW - Rivers KW - annual variations KW - Water Quality KW - River basins KW - Land use KW - Soybeans KW - Water use KW - Cattle KW - Water management KW - agricultural practices KW - crop yield KW - corn KW - Crop Yield KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - Zea mays KW - soybeans KW - Urban areas KW - Annual variations KW - Precipitation KW - Agrochemicals KW - Water supply KW - USA, Iowa KW - ENA 06:Food & Drugs KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - Q2 09123:Conservation KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20753376?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.atitle=Nitrate-nitrogen+patterns+in+the+Raccoon+River+Basin+related+to+agricultural+practices&rft.au=Hatfield%2C+J+L%3BMcMullen%2C+L+D%3BJones%2C+C+S&rft.aulast=Hatfield&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=190&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.issn=00224561&rft_id=info:doi/10.2489%2Fjswc.64.3.190 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Water use; Resource management; Fertilizers; Annual variations; Water management; Water conservation; Water quality; Watersheds; Water supply; water quality; agricultural practices; annual variations; crop yield; Basins; River basins; Agrochemicals; Water supplies; Crops; Land use; corn; Soil; Cattle; Sulfur dioxide; Seasonal variations; soybeans; Urban areas; Rivers; Corn; Water Supply; Water Quality; Precipitation; Soybeans; Crop Yield; Zea mays; USA, Iowa DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2489/jswc.64.3.190 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Does the Horsfall-Barratt scale for disease severity estimation affect our ability to test for treatment differences? AN - 20700153; 10270708 AB - A simulation model designed to sample two diseased populations was used to investigate hypothesis testing with disease severity data from visual estimation to the nearest percent, and the Horsfall-Barratt scale. The relative distance separating mean severities in the two populations, the population standard deviation and rater ability all influenced the probability of a Type II error (failure to reject H sub(0) when H sub(0) is false). If populations had the same mean, both methods had equal probability to accept H sub(0). Gross difference between means or imprecise raters resulted in similar probability for both methods to reject H sub(0) when it was false. However, if these criteria were not met, the H-B scale had higher probability of causing a Type II error, particularly at severities 20-50%. Larger sample size reduced the probability of Type II error, but invariably the sample size required to reject H sub(0) at P = 1.0 was smaller for direct estimation. Approx. 50% more samples were required for the H-B scaled data to reject H sub(0) with the same probability as data estimated to the nearest percent. The structure of the H-B scale predisposes hypothesis testing to greater risk of Type II error compared to estimation to the nearest percent. Direct estimation using the 1-100% ratio scale is preferable when assessing plant disease, but the H-B scale, and other scales, can save time, and can be easy to learn and apply, but if used, sufficient sample size is needed to minimise risk of Type II errors. JF - Phytopathology AU - Bock, CH AU - Gottwald, T R AU - Parker, P E AU - Ferrandino, F J AU - Welham, S J AU - Van den Bosch, F AU - Parnell, S AD - University of Florida/USDA-ARS-USHRL, Fort Pierce, FL, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Plant diseases KW - Data processing KW - Standard deviation KW - Models KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20700153?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Does+the+Horsfall-Barratt+scale+for+disease+severity+estimation+affect+our+ability+to+test+for+treatment+differences%3F&rft.au=Goodrick%2C+Scott+L%3BHanley%2C+Deborah+E&rft.aulast=Goodrick&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.date=2009-06-29&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=476&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Wildland+Fire&rft.issn=10498001&rft_id=info:doi/10.1071%2FWF07034 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Plant diseases; Standard deviation; Data processing; Models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integrating molecular and computational methods to evaluate the Pseudomonas syringae transcriptome I and II AN - 20699754; 10272236 AB - Much information can be gathered from the genomic sequence of a bacterium. However, to more fully understand the coding potential of the genome, experimental identification of the transcribed fraction is required. In particular, strand-specific information is essential to thoroughly characterize transcriptional activity. Several methods exist for capturing the complete set of transcripts in a cell, using deep-sequencing technologies, however, most of these techniques have been limited to the study of eukaryotes and lack strand specific information. We will present combined computational and experimental approaches for precisely evaluating the transcriptome of the plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae using RNA-Seq. The power of this approach is demonstrated by the fact that a single experiment has generated a number of important questions regarding gene expression in P. syringae for future investigations. The establishment of RNA-Seq for analyzing bacterial transcriptomes on a global scale significantly impacts bacterial genome annotation as well as the study of bacterial gene regulation. In Part I, we will describe the molecular methods used to prepare RNA samples and the development of a strand-specific protocol to sequence RNA using the Dlumina Genome Analyzer. Next, the computational methods developed to analyze the vast amount of sequence data will be discussed. Then, we will show the application of transcriptome sequencing to the identification of polymorphisms and candidate transcriptional start sites. For Part II, we will describe a unique classification method developed to qualitatively assess transcriptional activity that combines RNA-Seq with proteomics data. Using this approach, we are able to identify transcriptional activity in areas of the genome inconsistent with the genome annotation and transcriptional activity in un-annotated areas of the genome, allowing for transcript discovery. Specific examples of areas in the genome that display unusual transcriptional activity will be highlighted. JF - Phytopathology AU - Filiatrault, MJ AU - Stodghill, P AD - USDA-ARS, Plant-Microbe Interactions Research Unit, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Genomes KW - Data processing KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Transcription KW - Pathogens KW - Computer applications KW - Gene expression KW - RNA KW - Gene regulation KW - genomics KW - proteomics KW - Pseudomonas syringae KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - N 14815:Nucleotide Sequence KW - K 03300:Methods KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20699754?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Integrating+molecular+and+computational+methods+to+evaluate+the+Pseudomonas+syringae+transcriptome+I+and+II&rft.au=Filiatrault%2C+MJ%3BStodghill%2C+P&rft.aulast=Filiatrault&rft.aufirst=MJ&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S163&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Gene expression; Genomes; Data processing; RNA; Nucleotide sequence; Gene regulation; Transcription; proteomics; genomics; Pathogens; Computer applications; Pseudomonas syringae ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genome sequencing of "Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus" AN - 20699639; 10272220 AB - Citrus huanglongbing is the most destructive disease of citrus worldwide. It is spread by citrus psyllids (Diaphorina citri and Trioza erytreae) and is associated with a low-titer, phloem-limited infection by any of three uncultured species of alpha-Proteobacteria: 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus'; (Las), 'Ca. L. americanus'; and 'Ca. L. africanus'. A complete circular Las genome has been obtained by metagenomics using the DNA extracted from a single Las-infected psyllid. The genome of 1,227,204 bps has an average 36.5% GC content. Annotation revealed a high number of genes involved in both cell motility (4.5%) and active transport in general (92 genes), which may contribute to its virulence. Las appears to have a limited ability for aerobic respiration and is likely auxotrophic for at least 5 amino acids, all of which contribute to its fastidious nature. Consistent with its intracellular nature, Las lacks Type HI and Type IV secretion systems as well as typical free living or plant-colonizing extracellular degradative enzymes. Las appears to have all Type I secretion system genes needed for both multidrug efflux and repeats in toxin effector secretion. Multiprotein phylogenetic analysis confirmed Ca. L. asiaticus as an early-branching and highly-divergent member of Rhizobiaceae. This is the first genome sequence of an uncultured alpha-Proteobacteria that is both an intracellular plant pathogen and insect symbiont/parasite. JF - Phytopathology AU - Duan, Y AU - Zhou, L AU - Gottwald, T AD - USDA-ARS, Fort Pierce, FL, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Entomology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Genetics Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - Citrus KW - Phylogeny KW - Genomes KW - Parasites KW - Trioza KW - Rhizobiaceae KW - Amino acids KW - Symbionts KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Respiration KW - Secretion KW - Enzymes KW - Pathogens KW - Infection KW - Toxins KW - Virulence KW - Guanylate cyclase KW - DNA KW - Active transport KW - Diaphorina citri KW - Cell migration KW - J 02310:Genetics & Taxonomy KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - Z 05360:Genetics and Evolution KW - N 14845:Miscellaneous KW - K 03310:Genetics & Taxonomy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20699639?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Genome+sequencing+of+%22Ca.+Liberibacter+asiaticus%22&rft.au=Duan%2C+Y%3BZhou%2C+L%3BGottwald%2C+T&rft.aulast=Duan&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Phylogeny; Parasites; Symbionts; Amino acids; Secretion; Respiration; Nucleotide sequence; Enzymes; Pathogens; Infection; Toxins; Virulence; Guanylate cyclase; DNA; Active transport; Cell migration; Citrus; Trioza; Rhizobiaceae; Diaphorina citri ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Detection and characterization of a plant virus in wild raspberry, Rubus idaeus L., in Alaska AN - 20699593; 10271884 AB - In 2008, mosaic leaf symptoms were detected on wild raspberry plants, Rubus idaeus L., in north central Alaska. They were growing on remnant patches within developing agricultural sites. Partially purified virus samples were obtained by differential centrifugation of homogenized leaves according to established protocols. Protein extractions from the samples revealed a putative coat protein (CP) 630 kDa on 10% SDS-PAGE. Virion RNA was extracted from the sample preparations and visualized on 1% non-denaturing agarose gels. Two prominent single-stranded-RNA species of 65.9 kb and61.9 kb were depicted. Virus samples that were mechanically inoculated to a plant host range resulted in mosaic leaf development on Nicotiana benthamiana L. and definite local lesions on Chenopodium quinoa Willd. Virus samples assayed by ELISA using Agdia kits (Elkhart, IN) for detection of Raspberry bushy dwarf virus, (RBDV), Raspberry ringspot virus, Tobacco streak virus, and Tobacco ringspot virus were all negative. Based on the sizes of the bipartite genome and CP, and susceptibility to C. quinoa Willd., we concluded that the virus was most similar to RBDV in the genus Idaeovirus. This is the first report of a virus occurring in Rubus sp. in Alaska. Its presence is significant since it may be a threat to domestic raspberry crops in Alaska. JF - Phytopathology AU - Robertson, N L AU - Macknicki, C AD - USDA ARS, Palmer, AK, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - Genomes KW - Virions KW - Host range KW - Raspberry ringspot virus KW - Development KW - Streak KW - Tobacco streak virus KW - Crops KW - Gels KW - Centrifugation KW - Chenopodium quinoa KW - Coat protein KW - Crop KW - Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay KW - Raspberry bushy dwarf virus KW - Leaves KW - Idaeovirus KW - Host plants KW - Nicotiana benthamiana KW - Tobacco ringspot virus KW - RNA KW - Mosaics KW - Rubus idaeus KW - Plant viruses KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - V 22420:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20699593?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Detection+and+characterization+of+a+plant+virus+in+wild+raspberry%2C+Rubus+idaeus+L.%2C+in+Alaska&rft.au=Robertson%2C+N+L%3BMacknicki%2C+C&rft.aulast=Robertson&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S109&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Virions; Genomes; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Crop; Host range; Leaves; Streak; Development; Host plants; Crops; Gels; Centrifugation; RNA; Mosaics; Coat protein; Plant viruses; Nicotiana benthamiana; Tobacco ringspot virus; Raspberry bushy dwarf virus; Chenopodium quinoa; Raspberry ringspot virus; Idaeovirus; Rubus idaeus; Tobacco streak virus ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An objective process for selecting regulatory responses to exotic pest detections AN - 20699473; 10270717 AB - One of the greatest challenges for plant protection agencies is the development of appropriate regulatory responses to exotic pest detections. Sub-optimal decisions can result in the ineffective use of resources, i.e. an ineffective eradication campaign. A decision support process can help program mangers select appropriate responses from the range of possibilities, including eradication, containment, slow the spread, management, or complete deregulation. We propose a conceptual process involving four steps: i) numerical characterization of the pest's biological, epidemiological and phytosanitary properties; ii) determination of a management response score based on the pest's properties; iii) validation of the management score with historical pest detection responses; and iv) creation of a decision tree or matrix based on the management score and the spatial extent of the pest outbreak. The proposed scheme will be compared with other techniques including pest clusters. JF - Phytopathology AU - Brown, L G AD - USDA APHIS, Raleigh, NC, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Plant protection KW - Pests KW - Pest outbreaks KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03400:Human Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20699473?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=An+objective+process+for+selecting+regulatory+responses+to+exotic+pest+detections&rft.au=Brown%2C+L+G&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Plant protection; Pests; Pest outbreaks ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High-resolution mapping of the wheat Lr46 pleiotropic rust resistance locus AN - 20699469; 10270740 AB - Rust diseases are globally the most important diseases of wheat, and durable sources of genetic resistance are considered the most effective means of control. The pleiotropic Lr46 gene confers durable, race non-specific resistance to leaf rust and stripe rust but little is known about it's mechanism of action. Using a population of 3931 lines with a genetic resolution of approximately 0.01 cM, fine-scale mapping of the Lr46 locus was carried out for both the development of molecular markers and map-based cloning of the gene. Existing markers were used to probe wheat hexaploid and tetraploid bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) libraries and, following low-pass sequencing of selected BACs, contigs were assembled that were the source of many additional markers. However, no recombination was detected between BAC-derived markers, so synteny with the model grass genome, Brachypodium distachyon, was explored. Markers spanning the Lr46 locus were colinear with a 90 kbp physical region from Brachypodium, which was used to identify wheat ESTs and develop new markers. Subsequently, we delimited Lr46 to a 13 kbp physical region in Brachypodium and a 0.45 cM genetic interval, where the closest marker was 0.02 cM distal to the gene. This high-resolution map will form the basis of map-based cloning. JF - Phytopathology AU - Coram, T AU - Song, Q AU - Fellers, J AU - Mateos-Hernandez, M AU - Perugini, L AU - Singh, R AU - Cregan, P AU - Brown-Guedira, G AD - USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Genomes KW - Synteny KW - Lr46 gene KW - Grasses KW - DNA probes KW - Leaf rust KW - Brachypodium distachyon KW - expressed sequence tags KW - Models KW - Bacterial artificial chromosomes KW - Brachypodium KW - Triticum aestivum KW - Recombination KW - Stripe rust KW - Races KW - Gene mapping KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases KW - K 03310:Genetics & Taxonomy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20699469?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=High-resolution+mapping+of+the+wheat+Lr46+pleiotropic+rust+resistance+locus&rft.au=Coram%2C+T%3BSong%2C+Q%3BFellers%2C+J%3BMateos-Hernandez%2C+M%3BPerugini%2C+L%3BSingh%2C+R%3BCregan%2C+P%3BBrown-Guedira%2C+G&rft.aulast=Coram&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Synteny; Lr46 gene; Grasses; Leaf rust; DNA probes; expressed sequence tags; Models; Bacterial artificial chromosomes; Recombination; Stripe rust; Races; Gene mapping; Triticum aestivum; Brachypodium; Brachypodium distachyon ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Incidence and spatial distribution of Rhizoctonia and Pythium species determined with real-time PCR AN - 20698966; 10271902 AB - Populations of Rhizoctonia and Pythium are diverse in eastern Washington, with multiple species/anastomosis groups present throughout the region and within individual fields. Recent evidence suggests that species composition may be influenced by crop rotation. The Cook Agronomy Farm near Pullman, WA was established in 1999 to test direct-seed cropping systems on a field scale, with 369 GPS sampling locations spaced every 30 m. A three-year rotation was established to include winter wheat-alternate crop-spring wheat, with each rotation occurring every year. The alternate crops consisted of a winter and/or spring variety of pea, lentil, barley or canola. Soil samples were collected from about 115 sites from the spring wheat portion of the field following the alternate crop. DNA was extracted from each soil sample using a Barocycler and Mo-Bio Soil DNA kit, and quantified with species-specific primers and real-time PCR. Rhizoctonia solani AG-2-1 occurred more frequently in fields with a history of canola, with a higher frequency following spring canola (48% of sites) compared to winter canola (28%). Rhizoctonia oryzae was detected more often following winter alternate crops (39-44%) than spring crops (24-37%). Of four Pythium species examined, P. irregulare group IV and P. rostratifingens had the highest incidence of occurrence (66% and 67% respectively). These species of Pythium were also higher following winter canola and pea versus spring canola and pea. JF - Phytopathology AU - Schroeder, K L AU - Paulitz, T C AU - Okubara, P A AD - USDA ARS, Pullman, WA, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Hordeum vulgare KW - Farms KW - Spatial distribution KW - Rhizoctonia solani KW - Pythium KW - Crops KW - Soil KW - Crop rotation KW - Triticum aestivum KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Primers KW - Species composition KW - Rhizoctonia KW - Sampling KW - Anastomosis KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03450:Ecology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20698966?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Incidence+and+spatial+distribution+of+Rhizoctonia+and+Pythium+species+determined+with+real-time+PCR&rft.au=Schroeder%2C+K+L%3BPaulitz%2C+T+C%3BOkubara%2C+P+A&rft.aulast=Schroeder&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S115&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Crop rotation; Soil; Farms; Spatial distribution; Polymerase chain reaction; Species composition; Primers; Sampling; Anastomosis; Crops; Hordeum vulgare; Triticum aestivum; Rhizoctonia solani; Pythium; Rhizoctonia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Revisiting the taxonomy of Candidatus Liberibacter based on 16s rDNA sequencing from cultured and uncultured cells AN - 20698916; 10271903 JF - Phytopathology AU - Schuenzel, E AU - Sechler, A AU - Shatters, R AU - Stover, E AU - Schaad, N AD - USDA, Ft. Detrick, MD, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Taxonomy KW - rRNA 16S KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20698916?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Revisiting+the+taxonomy+of+Candidatus+Liberibacter+based+on+16s+rDNA+sequencing+from+cultured+and+uncultured+cells&rft.au=Schuenzel%2C+E%3BSechler%2C+A%3BShatters%2C+R%3BStover%2C+E%3BSchaad%2C+N&rft.aulast=Schuenzel&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S115&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Taxonomy; rRNA 16S ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Efficacy of Cankerguard+ sprays for effective decontamination of Citrus canker AN - 20698804; 10270709 AB - Citrus canker (Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri, Xcc) is endemic in Florida. We used grapefruit leaf surfaces to explore the efficacy of the personnel decontaminant Cankerguard+ to kill inoculum. In three experiments plants in flush (leaves 3/4 expanded) were sprayed with inoculum (2 x 10 super(4)-9 x 10 super(5) CFU/ml). Immediately after inoculation, plants were passed through standard personnel decontamination spray hoops (0, 1, 2, 3, and 6 times) with spray nozzles, ensuring good droplet coverage with each pass. Leaves were sampled at 0, 10 and 20 min after decontamination and tested for viable bacteria of Xcc by dilution plating. There was a large and rapid decline in the quantity of live bacteria with one pass through the spray hoop (5 to 10 fold decrease in CFU), and multiple sprays (up to six) resulted in a 100 fold reduction in the population to complete decontamination. Presumably better coverage with multiple sprays killed remnant bacteria, although the first spray invariably killed the most bacteria. Based on these results, decontamination with Cankerguard+ is efficacious at reducing the quantity of surface inoculum, and even a single spray hoop can cause high mortality, but multiple sprays improve kill of Xcc. Inoculated plants were incubated and development of symptoms on plants from all treatments suggested that infection took place at, or very soon after, inoculation as decontamination did not reduce disease incidence or severity. JF - Phytopathology AU - Bock, CH AU - Parker, P E AU - Cook, A Z AU - Graham, J H AU - Gottwald, T R AD - University of Florida/USDA-ARS-USHRL, Ft. Pierce, FL, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Citrus KW - Canker KW - Mortality KW - Plant diseases KW - Leaves KW - Decontamination KW - Infection KW - Coverage KW - Personnel KW - Colony-forming cells KW - Inoculum KW - Inoculation KW - Xanthomonas KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20698804?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Efficacy+of+Cankerguard%2B+sprays+for+effective+decontamination+of+Citrus+canker&rft.au=Bock%2C+CH%3BParker%2C+P+E%3BCook%2C+A+Z%3BGraham%2C+J+H%3BGottwald%2C+T+R&rft.aulast=Bock&rft.aufirst=CH&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Canker; Mortality; Coverage; Plant diseases; Personnel; Colony-forming cells; Inoculation; Leaves; Inoculum; Decontamination; Infection; Citrus; Xanthomonas ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seed transmission of 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus' in citrus without typical huanglongbing AN - 20697599; 10270699 AB - Citrus huanglongbing (HLB) is one of the most devastating diseases of citrus worldwide. In the USA, HLB is associated with 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus' (Las) which is transmitted by the insect vector, Asian citrus psyllid (Diaphorina citri), by grafting and by dodder (Cuscuta campestris). However, the seed transmissibility of Las in citrus remains undetermined. We have evaluated seedlings grown from the seeds of typical HLB-affected and atypical HLB-affected citrus trees of sweet orange (Citrus sinensis), Pummelo (C. maxima) and trifoliate (Poncirus trifoliate) during 2007-2009. HLB-like symptoms, such as yellow shoot, blotch mottle and vein corky on the leaves were observed in a low percentage of the seedlings, primarily on trifoliate plants. Using various primer sets that target different genetic loci of the bacterial genome, Las was detected from all three species of citrus, ranging from 2.0% to 41.7% using PCR, nested PCR and quantitative PCR. It is important to note that the Las bacterium detected from the seedlings remains at a very low titer, unlike that in graft- or psyllid-transmitted HLB-affected citrus plants, and most, if not all, of the Las-positive seedlings have not developed typical HLB disease over a three year period. The molecular mechanism of the low-titer. non-lethal but seed-transmissible Las is under investigation. JF - Phytopathology AU - Benyon, L AU - Zhou, L AU - Duan, Y AU - McCollum, G AU - Powell, C AU - Hall, D AU - Irey, M AU - Gottwald, T AD - USDA ARS, Fort Pierce, FL, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Entomology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Genomes KW - Molecular modelling KW - Plant diseases KW - Seeds KW - Grafting KW - Trees KW - Leaves KW - Vectors KW - Disease transmission KW - Shoots KW - Citrus sinensis KW - Veins KW - Blotch KW - Cuscuta campestris KW - Poncirus KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Diaphorina citri KW - Primers KW - Seedlings KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases KW - Z 05360:Genetics and Evolution KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20697599?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Seed+transmission+of+%27Candidatus+Liberibacter+asiaticus%27+in+citrus+without+typical+huanglongbing&rft.au=Benyon%2C+L%3BZhou%2C+L%3BDuan%2C+Y%3BMcCollum%2C+G%3BPowell%2C+C%3BHall%2C+D%3BIrey%2C+M%3BGottwald%2C+T&rft.aulast=Benyon&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S11&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Molecular modelling; Seeds; Plant diseases; Grafting; Trees; Leaves; Vectors; Disease transmission; Shoots; Veins; Blotch; Polymerase chain reaction; Seedlings; Primers; Citrus sinensis; Cuscuta campestris; Poncirus; Diaphorina citri ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phenotypic and etiological differences between psyllid yellows and zebra chip diseases of potato AN - 20697557; 10271906 AB - Both potato psyllid yellows (PY) and Zebra chip (ZC) potato diseases are associated with the potato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli (Sulc). Symptoms of both diseases are similar on potato plants but there is a difference in symptoms in tubers. ZC has recently been associated with a new species of Candidatus Liberibacter. Transmission studies were conducted to elucidate similarities and differences between the two diseases. Potato plants were exposed to both liberibacter-free and infected potato psyllids and later assessed for plant and tuber symptoms. The plants and tubers were also tested for liberibacter by PCR. In addition, potato plants exhibiting severe PY/ZC-like symptoms were collected from a commercial potato field heavily infested with the potato psyllid and tested for liberibacter. Results showed that ZC symptoms were associated with liberibacter, whereas the PY symptoms were not due to the presence of this bacterium in affected plants. Moreover, tubers from liberibacter-infected potato plants exhibited typical symptoms of ZC infection, but tubers from PY affected plants did not. Furthermore, results indicated that ZC infected plants tend to die quickly, in contrast to potato plants affected by PY. Although an association between liberibacter and ZC has been established, no pathogen was found to be associated with potato PY and mechanisms by which classical PY symptoms are induced by the potato psyllid remain unclear. JF - Phytopathology AU - Sengoda, V G AU - Munyaneza, JE AU - Crosslin, JM AU - Buchman, J L AU - Pappu, H R AD - USDA-ARS, Yakima Agricultural Research Laboratory, Wapato, WA; Washington State University, Department of Plant Pathology, Pullman, WA, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Entomology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Plant diseases KW - Solanum tuberosum KW - Yellows KW - Tubers KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Pathogens KW - Infection KW - New species KW - Z 05310:Taxonomy, Morphology, Geography, and Fossils KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03310:Genetics & Taxonomy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20697557?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Phenotypic+and+etiological+differences+between+psyllid+yellows+and+zebra+chip+diseases+of+potato&rft.au=Sengoda%2C+V+G%3BMunyaneza%2C+JE%3BCrosslin%2C+JM%3BBuchman%2C+J+L%3BPappu%2C+H+R&rft.aulast=Sengoda&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S117&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Plant diseases; Yellows; Polymerase chain reaction; Tubers; Pathogens; Infection; New species; Solanum tuberosum ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tuber symptoms are induced in potato by a range of Potato virus Y strains AN - 20697472; 10272124 AB - PVY isolates collected from a national survey were used to inoculate N. A. cultivars in order to characterize tuber symptoms. Plants in a screened greenhouse were ELISA tested for freedom from PVY, PVX, PVA, PVS, and PLRV before inoculation. Ten cultivars were inoculated with one of nine PVY super(N-wi), four PVY super(NTN), or two PVY super(O) isolates using a spray gun. The plants were ELISA-tested for PVY at three weeks post-inoculation and if negative, tested again at later dates. At harvest, tubers were scored for symptoms of potato tuber necrotic ringspot disease (PTNRD) and again after storage at room temperature. Symptoms included external skin cracking and ringspots, and internal symptoms. Russet Norkotah and Premier Russet exhibited no PTNRD symptoms with any of the isolates tested. Yukon Gold, Yukon Gem, and Highland Russet, were all very susceptible to the development of PTNRD when infected by various isolates, including PVY super(N-wi) and one of the PVY super(O)isolates. PVY super(O) does not typically produce PTNRD. Also, asymptomatic PVY-infected tubers were shown to produce symptomatic tubers (in the second generation) from the seed-borne virus plants. While general assignment of susceptibility to PTNRD can be made from this bioassay, it is apparent that tuber symptoms are dependant upon cultivar and PVY isolate. Bioassay information is necessary to evaluate potential quality impacts due to the spread of PVY necrotic strains within the U.S. potato crop. JF - Phytopathology AU - Whitworth, J L AU - Gray, S M AU - Karasev, A V AU - Lorenzen, J H AD - USDA ARS, Aberdeen, ID, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - Temperature effects KW - Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay KW - Skin KW - Potato virus Y KW - Potato virus X KW - potato tuber necrotic ringspot KW - Crops KW - Greenhouses KW - Solanum tuberosum KW - Inoculation KW - Tubers KW - Gold KW - Plant viruses KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - V 22420:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20697472?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Tuber+symptoms+are+induced+in+potato+by+a+range+of+Potato+virus+Y+strains&rft.au=Whitworth%2C+J+L%3BGray%2C+S+M%3BKarasev%2C+A+V%3BLorenzen%2C+J+H&rft.aulast=Whitworth&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S141&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Skin; Inoculation; Gold; Tubers; Plant viruses; Crops; potato tuber necrotic ringspot; Greenhouses; Potato virus Y; Potato virus X; Solanum tuberosum ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Draft genome sequence of potato 'Zebra Chip' associated bacterium 'Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum' AN - 20697297; 10271674 AB - A new species of Candidatus Liberibacter, 'Ca. L. solanacearum' (Lso) was recently confirmed to be associated with a potato zebra chip (ZC) disorder. The bacterium belongs to gram negative, phloem-limited, a-Proteobacteria. Because Koch's postulates have not been fulfilled, information regarding the etiology of ZC disease and pathogenesis of Lso are lacking. To gain insight into this new pathosystem, we developed a novel strategy to successfully sequence the whole genome of Lso using Roche 454 sequencing technology. This sequencing process generated 6350,000 sequencing reads with an average of 6230 bp per read. De novo sequences were assembled into 110 contigs (1.0 to 85 Kbp) with 616X redundancy, representing a genome size of 61.26 Mbp with a GC content 34.8%. By comparative ortholog gene analysis, we predicted 1,126 coding sequences (CDS) with known and putative functions. Putative "toxin" proteins, secretion systems, transport and cell motility factors were also identified in the draft genome. Genes involving metabolite pathways were reconstructed and possible functional implications were assessed. Information from this genome sequencing data will improve our understanding of the biology of the bacterium and the etiology of ZC disease. JF - Phytopathology AU - Lin, H AU - Doddapaneni, H AU - Chen, C AU - Duan, Y AU - Zhou, L AU - Stenger, D C AU - Civerolo, EL AD - USDA ARS PWA, Parlier, CA, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Genetics Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - Genomes KW - Bacteria KW - Etiology KW - Data processing KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Secretion KW - Metabolites KW - Toxins KW - Guanylate cyclase KW - Solanum tuberosum KW - Cell migration KW - New species KW - J 02310:Genetics & Taxonomy KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - N 14845:Miscellaneous KW - K 03310:Genetics & Taxonomy KW - G 07770:Bacteria UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20697297?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Draft+genome+sequence+of+potato+%27Zebra+Chip%27+associated+bacterium+%27Candidatus+Liberibacter+solanacearum%27&rft.au=Lin%2C+H%3BDoddapaneni%2C+H%3BChen%2C+C%3BDuan%2C+Y%3BZhou%2C+L%3BStenger%2C+D+C%3BCiverolo%2C+EL&rft.aulast=Lin&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S73&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Guanylate cyclase; Etiology; Data processing; Secretion; Nucleotide sequence; Metabolites; Cell migration; Toxins; New species; Bacteria; Solanum tuberosum ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Huanglongbing in India AN - 20697239; 10272166 AB - The earliest evidence of the presence of huanglongbing (also known as citrus greening) in India probably comes from the detailed descriptions of symptoms associated with Asian citrus psyllids (ACP, Diaphorina citri) in Punjab state (Husain and Nath, 1927). The symptoms were suspected to be caused by a toxin secreted by the psyllid at that time. In India, the symptoms associated with ACP were known as "Indian citrus dieback". Fraser (1966) associated the dieback symptoms with the South African citrus greening. She found widespread incidence of this disease throughout India. At the same time, Capoor's laboratory in Poona established, for the first time, that D. citri is the vector of the disease. In the 1970s, a phytoplasma was reported to be associated with citrus greening, but was soon thought to be an error because of later research on association of a bacterium with the disease. In India, the disease appeared to have spread slowly because of several cultural and environmental factors. The effect of disease on the industry in several citrus growing regions is discussed. JF - Phytopathology AU - Manjunath, K L AD - USDA-ARS, Riverside, CA, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Entomology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Citrus KW - Dieback KW - Phytoplasma KW - Diaphorina citri KW - Environmental factors KW - Toxins KW - Greening KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases KW - Z 05350:Medical, Veterinary, and Agricultural Entomology KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20697239?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Huanglongbing+in+India&rft.au=Manjunath%2C+K+L&rft.aulast=Manjunath&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Dieback; Phytoplasma; Environmental factors; Toxins; Greening; Citrus; Diaphorina citri ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Colonization of maize seedlings under drought conditions by two ochratoxin A producers species within the A. section Nigri AN - 20697217; 10271798 AB - Some species of black-spored aspergilli (Aspergillus section Nigri) are able to cause disease in several plant hosts, including peanut and maize seedlings. Besides the economical impact of black-spored aspergilli infections, several species within this section are well known mycotoxin producers, specifically the teratogenic, nephrotoxic, and potential carcinogenic ochratoxin A. The interactions between maize and A. section Nigri species are poorly understood, especially since endophytic colonizations are symptomless. In this study, A. carbonarius and A. foetidus were transformed with green, yellow, and red fluorescent proteins, and used to measure colonization of maize seedlings under drought stress conditions. Maize kernels were infected with 5 x 10 super(4) spore/ml suspension. After 3 weeks of inoculation, seedlings were drought stressed, and the colonization of lateral roots, meristem, and stems was monitored at different time points with the aid of laser scanning confocal microscopy. The use of a fluorescent tagging approach determined the different colonization patterns employed by black spored aspergilli species during maize seedling colonization. JF - Phytopathology AU - Palencia, E R AU - Glenn, A E AU - Bacon, C W AD - USDA, Athens, GA, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Arachis hypogaea KW - Colonization KW - Corn KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - SW 0560:Aqueous solutions and suspensions KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20697217?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Colonization+of+maize+seedlings+under+drought+conditions+by+two+ochratoxin+A+producers+species+within+the+A.+section+Nigri&rft.au=Palencia%2C+E+R%3BGlenn%2C+A+E%3BBacon%2C+C+W&rft.aulast=Palencia&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S99&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Colonization; Corn; Arachis hypogaea ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cultivar selection for bacterial root rot in sugar beet AN - 20697164; 10272024 AB - Bacterial root rot of sugar beet caused by Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. dextranicum is a disease problem recently described in the United States, which has frequently been found in association with Rhizoctonia root rot. To reduce the impact of bacterial root rot on sucrose loss in the field, storage piles, and factories, studies were conducted to establish an assay for identifying host resistance. In 2006 and 2007, 21 commercial cultivars were grown in a commercial field, hand dug, and tested in a petri dish laboratory assay. Root slices were inoculated with L. mesenteroides, incubated at 30C, and the diameter of the rotted area was measured after 72 and 96 h. The cultivars were tested in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications. When averaged over both studies, root rot after 96 h in the commercial cultivars ranged from 14 to 37 mm, while the least significant difference was 5 and 7 mm in 2006 and 2007, respectively. The cultivar ranking between studies was correlated at 72 (r = 0.47, P = 0.03) and 96 (r = 0.43, P = 0.05) h. The assay allowed for reliable cultivar separation regardless of whether 1, 2, 3, or 4 roots were used per replication. The assay should allow host resistance to bacterial root rot to be improved in sugar beet. JF - Phytopathology AU - Strausbaugh, CA AU - Eujayl, IA AU - Foote, P AD - USDA ARS NWISRL, Kimberly, ID, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Bacteria KW - Replication KW - Sucrose KW - Hand KW - Rhizoctonia KW - Leuconostoc mesenteroides KW - Root rot KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20697164?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Cultivar+selection+for+bacterial+root+rot+in+sugar+beet&rft.au=Strausbaugh%2C+CA%3BEujayl%2C+IA%3BFoote%2C+P&rft.aulast=Strausbaugh&rft.aufirst=CA&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S125&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Replication; Sucrose; Hand; Root rot; Bacteria; Rhizoctonia; Leuconostoc mesenteroides ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evidence that a QTL may be involved in a partial resistance response to Pea enation mosaic virus in pea (Pisum sativum L.) AN - 20697152; 10271563 AB - Pea enation mosaic virus (PEMV) is a serious disease of fresh market and dry pea in the Pacific Northwest region of the U.S. The En gene confers resistance to PEMV in pea, however a limited number of available cultivars contain the gene, and sources of tolerance have not been reported. In 2007, advanced pea breeding lines were screened for resistance to PEMV in naturally infected field trials in Corvalis, OR. Lines were considered resistant based on lack of PEMV symptoms such as vein clearing and translucent flecks on leaves. Field-resistant lines were further screened for resistance in repeated greenhouse experiments by mechanical inoculation with the virus. Four symptomless field-resistant lines exhibited symptoms of PEMV under greenhouse screening conditions, but the plant growth of these lines remained robust and was not significantly different than the buffer-treated controls (BTC). These lines demonstrated tolerance to PEMV since minor proliferations or bumps were expressed on pod surfaces but pod-fill and seed size was not significantly less than the BTC. RT-PCR primers specific to the coat protein gene of PEMV were used to assess symptomatic tissue from inoculated plants. Virus titer was not different from susceptible controls on three of the four lines but was significantly less in line PS08-41. Potential new QTLs with resistance to PEMV may be present in the tolerant lines that can be used to develop new cultivars with partial resistance to PEMV. JF - Phytopathology AU - Larsen, R AU - Porter, L AU - McPhee, K AD - USDA ARS, Prosser, WA, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - Quantitative trait loci KW - Seeds KW - En gene KW - Pea enation mosaic virus KW - Plant breeding KW - Leaves KW - Disease resistance KW - Pisum sativum KW - Greenhouses KW - Veins KW - Inoculation KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Coat protein KW - Primers KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - V 22420:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20697152?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Evidence+that+a+QTL+may+be+involved+in+a+partial+resistance+response+to+Pea+enation+mosaic+virus+in+pea+%28Pisum+sativum+L.%29&rft.au=Larsen%2C+R%3BPorter%2C+L%3BMcPhee%2C+K&rft.aulast=Larsen&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S69&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Quantitative trait loci; En gene; Seeds; Veins; Leaves; Inoculation; Plant breeding; Polymerase chain reaction; Primers; Coat protein; Disease resistance; Greenhouses; Pea enation mosaic virus; Pisum sativum ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Training and implementation of distance diagnostics in regulatory agriculture to increase efficiency and reduce costs AN - 20697132; 10271909 JF - Phytopathology AU - Serrano, E S AU - Robl, D AU - Riley, T AU - Gomez, H AD - USDA/APHIS/PPQ/CHRP, Plantation, FL, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Agriculture KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20697132?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Training+and+implementation+of+distance+diagnostics+in+regulatory+agriculture+to+increase+efficiency+and+reduce+costs&rft.au=Serrano%2C+E+S%3BRobl%2C+D%3BRiley%2C+T%3BGomez%2C+H&rft.aulast=Serrano&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S117&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agriculture ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Towards reduced dependence on fumigants for management of Prunus replant problems: Opportunities and challenges AN - 20696613; 10272264 AB - In California, successive orchard generations of almond, peach and other Prunus spp. are subject to replant problems that suppress tree survival, growth, and productivity. Prunus replant disease (PRD; associated with a microbe complex, can affect virtually all of the acreage) and root-parasitic nematodes (RPN; can affect <1/3 of acreage) are the dominant replant problems, and both are managed with preplant soil fumigation. Spot treatment technology using GPS-controlled shanks or buried drip emitters to deliver fumigant to planting sites was developed and controlled PRD with reduced fumigant rates (8 to 15% of broadcast rates). The "spatial economy" of spot treatments is amenable to diverse non-fumigant treatments; spot treatments with fungicides, soil amendments, and steam are being examined. Partial remediation of PRD was achieved with fallowing and crop rotation, but the treatments were much less effective than fumigation. The potential for RPN populations to build along with root systems reduces likelihood that spot treatments can effectively control them. For RPN, reducing dependence on fumigants probably will require improved, broad rootstock resistance to ring, root knot and lesion nematodes integrated with long-term cultural and/or biological strategies for suppressing the pest populations. Advances in microbial ecology will be central to comprehensive understandings of PRD etiology and sustainable management of all replant problems. JF - Phytopathology AU - Brown, G T AD - USDA-ARS, Crops Pathology and Genetics Research Unit, University of California, Davis, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Etiology KW - Prunus dulcis KW - Fumigants KW - Rootstocks KW - Steam KW - Roots KW - Survival KW - Orchards KW - Soil amendment KW - Fumigation KW - Prunus KW - Crop rotation KW - Planting KW - Fungicides KW - Pests KW - Replant disease KW - Fallowing KW - Nematoda KW - root knot KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20696613?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Towards+reduced+dependence+on+fumigants+for+management+of+Prunus+replant+problems%3A+Opportunities+and+challenges&rft.au=Brown%2C+G+T&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S173&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Etiology; Fumigants; Rootstocks; Steam; Survival; Roots; Orchards; Fumigation; Soil amendment; Crop rotation; Planting; Fungicides; Pests; Fallowing; Replant disease; root knot; Prunus dulcis; Nematoda; Prunus ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Epidemiology of HLB in U.S. AN - 20696324; 10272168 AB - Results from studies on the increase in HLB incidence and spread in China and Reunion Island indicate a rate of disease increase leading to a multi-year epidemic requiring 7 to 10 years for infection to approach an asymptote of 100%. In contrast, more recent studies in Brazil, Vietnam, and Florida suggest a much more rapid rate of disease increase and spread. An HLB epidemic was examined in a plantation of over 4,800 ha in South Florida where no new citrus had been introduced for 10 y and thus spread was entirely dependent on psyllid transmission. The level of psyllid infestation was unprecedented compared to previously recorded psyllid infestations. The psyllid vector was relatively newly introduced to Florida and thus lacks the biological and environmental constraints found in its native range. Consequently the HLB epidemic in Florida is undoubtedly one of the worst on record. Stochastic Markov-Chain Monte Carlo models indicated a prevalence of secondary spread with occasional primary spread from outside the plots. Interpretations of the stochastic models combined with survival analyses show spread over multiple scales from local to regional are occuring simultaneously and continually in Florida. Edge effects analyses indicate a prevalence of infections that accumulate at the transition of plantings and areas devoid of citrus such as the plantation perimeter, internal roads, canals, ponds, etc. This edge effect diminishes rapidly toward the interior of the planting and is generally well described by an inverse power function. JF - Phytopathology AU - Gottwald, T AD - USDA-ARS, Fort Pierce, FL, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Entomology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Environment Abstracts KW - Citrus KW - USA, Florida KW - Survival KW - Infection KW - stochastic models KW - Ponds KW - Vietnam KW - Models KW - Disease transmission KW - plantations KW - Islands KW - infection KW - ISW, Indian Ocean, Mascarene Is., Reunion KW - Epidemics KW - planting KW - Vectors KW - Stochasticity KW - Plantations KW - Edge effect KW - Canals KW - Infestation KW - Epidemiology KW - edge effect KW - China, People's Rep. KW - survival KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03400:Human Diseases KW - Z 05350:Medical, Veterinary, and Agricultural Entomology KW - ENA 18:Transportation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20696324?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Epidemiology+of+HLB+in+U.S.&rft.au=Gottwald%2C+T&rft.aulast=Gottwald&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Epidemics; Vectors; Survival; Infection; Plantations; Stochasticity; Ponds; Disease transmission; Edge effect; Models; Canals; Infestation; Islands; Epidemiology; plantations; infection; planting; edge effect; survival; stochastic models; Citrus; USA, Florida; China, People's Rep.; Vietnam; ISW, Indian Ocean, Mascarene Is., Reunion ER - TY - CONF T1 - Selection and evaluation of microbial strains with potential for biologically controlling pink rot of potatoes in storage AN - 20695893; 10271554 AB - Pink rot, incited by Phytophthora erythroseptica, is a field and post harvest disease of potatoes that, in recent years, has had a negative impact on potato growers in many regions of the world including North America. The ineffectiveness of many fungicides against pink rot due to the development of pathogen resistance justifies evaluating the development of biological control measures. In this study, the microbiota of 84 different agricultural soils was individually transferred to separate samples of gamma irradiation-sterilized field soil enriched with potato periderm. After microbial community proliferation in similar, enriched field soil environments, samples of each were assayed for biological suppressiveness to pink rot and zoospore production using tuber and soil extract assays. Zoospore production was reduced by 14% to 93% and disease severity on tubers was reduced by 6% to 21% by the most suppressive soils tested. Over 270 isolates of bacteria and yeast were recovered from the 13 most suppressive soil samples. The most promising candidate strains against pink rot in storage will be selected based on strain possession of both favorable liquid culture growth kinetics and disease suppressiveness when produced in commercially feasible liquid culture media. Results from these studies will clarify the importance of incorporating the liquid cultivation aspect of industrial practice into the strategy used to choose strains for commercial development. JF - Phytopathology AU - Koltuksuz, T A AU - Schisler, DA AU - Sloan, J M AU - Slininger, P J Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Biological control KW - Pathogens KW - Soil KW - Zoospores KW - Solanum tuberosum KW - Liquid culture KW - Kinetics KW - Fungicides KW - Tubers KW - Pink rot KW - Phytophthora KW - Media (culture) KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - J 02320:Cell Biology KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20695893?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Selection+and+evaluation+of+microbial+strains+with+potential+for+biologically+controlling+pink+rot+of+potatoes+in+storage&rft.au=Koltuksuz%2C+T+A%3BSchisler%2C+DA%3BSloan%2C+J+M%3BSlininger%2C+P+J&rft.aulast=Koltuksuz&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - "Following the genes that make resistant plants: Shared tools for breeding and pathology" AN - 20695589; 10272345 AB - Although plant pathology and breeding are distinct disciplines with unique perspectives, they frequently share a common goal: that of identifying and understanding durable resistance, the kind of resistance that will not be overcome quickly and will remain effective against a wide array of isolates. While pathologists strive to discover the sources of resistance, it is the breeder's function to deploy and make them useful to the agricultural community. This function has become of paramount importance for improving the productivity and sustainability of agriculture and reducing its environmental impact. Two of the main challenges breeders face are time and diversity. Crop variety development is a lengthy process; it may take up to 20 years to introgress a single gene into a commercial variety. The limited durability of most R-genes makes it even more important to identify and deploy new sources of resistance rapidly. Pathogen diversity also plays a major role in plant breeding. In pathosystems with a wide array of isolates, or subject to fast pathogen evolution, the deployment of single resistance genes may not be as functional as the use of multilines or pyramiding genes. The identification of the correct phenotypes is crucial during the breeding process, but it can be difficult and time consuming, especially when desirable and detrimental genes are linked. However, the use of molecular markers such as AFLPs, RFLPs, SSRs and SNPs can accelerate the process of surveying the genome for the correct array of resistance genes in a breeding progeny, making it more efficient than the traditional method of inoculation for phenotyping and substantially shortening the breeding time. Molecular markers have become increasingly popular in the search for major R-genes, QTLs and even those genes involved in resistance pathways. To date, a wide array of major R-genes have been mapped, characterized and cloned. Structural similarities between R-genes have allowed for identification of resistance clusters, making it easier to recognize areas of the genome desirable for breeding. This, in turn, has the potential to enhance the durability of resistance as it has been shown that linked R-genes tend to act synergistically. Furthermore, when resistance clusters are mapped in model pathosystems, synthenic areas can reveal the location of resistance in related species, giving clues of chromosomal segments that may be important to explore for breeding. JF - Phytopathology AU - Rauscher, G AD - USDA-ARS, Salinas, CA, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Genetics Abstracts KW - Genomes KW - Agriculture KW - Quantitative trait loci KW - Environmental impact KW - Plant breeding KW - Development KW - Pathogens KW - Crops KW - Models KW - Phenotyping KW - Single-nucleotide polymorphism KW - Inoculation KW - Evolutionary genetics KW - Evolution KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20695589?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=%22Following+the+genes+that+make+resistant+plants%3A+Shared+tools+for+breeding+and+pathology%22&rft.au=Rauscher%2C+G&rft.aulast=Rauscher&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S185&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agriculture; Genomes; Quantitative trait loci; Plant breeding; Environmental impact; Pathogens; Development; Crops; Models; Phenotyping; Single-nucleotide polymorphism; Inoculation; Evolutionary genetics; Evolution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measurement of numbers of starch grains and cambial cells in roots of loblolly pines AN - 20695409; 10272434 AB - Quantitative histology was used to measure changes in diseased and healthy feeder roots of Pinus taeda L. Histological stain schedules were compared for their accuracy in describing root cell organelles. Feeder roots were fixed, cut, and stained for light microscopy. Two root traits were tabulated for their response to three staining schedules. A total of 300 sections of feeder roots were examined using the staining schedules of Papanicolaou, Hematoxylm-eosin and Periodic Schiff. No significant differences were found in the number of starch grains per cortical or cambial root cells when these three stains were compared. Starch averaged 7 grains per cell (range = 2.8 to 13). Cambial root cells averaged 8.6 grains per cell (range = 2.4 to 15). The intensity of these stains is ideal for measurements of cellular starch and cambial organelles in tree tissues affected by a variety of forest diseases. JF - Phytopathology AU - Walkinshaw, CH AD - Emeritus, USDA Forest Service, 2500 Shreveport Hwy, Pineville, LA, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Cortex KW - Trees KW - Pinus taeda KW - Starch grains KW - Grain KW - Roots KW - Forests KW - Stains KW - Organelles KW - Starch KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20695409?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Measurement+of+numbers+of+starch+grains+and+cambial+cells+in+roots+of+loblolly+pines&rft.au=Walkinshaw%2C+CH&rft.aulast=Walkinshaw&rft.aufirst=CH&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S201&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cortex; Trees; Grain; Starch grains; Forests; Roots; Stains; Starch; Organelles; Pinus taeda ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ringspot leaf symptoms on Sorbus scopulina Greene associated with virus-like particles AN - 20695354; 10272346 JF - Phytopathology AU - Robertson, N L AU - Brown, K L AD - USDA, ARS, Palmer, AK, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - Virus-like particles KW - Sorbus scopulina KW - Leaves KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - V 22420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20695354?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Ringspot+leaf+symptoms+on+Sorbus+scopulina+Greene+associated+with+virus-like+particles&rft.au=Robertson%2C+N+L%3BBrown%2C+K+L&rft.aulast=Robertson&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S185&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Virus-like particles; Leaves; Sorbus scopulina ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Strategies for controlling macadamia quick decline AN - 20695326; 10272340 AB - Quick decline of macadamia (Macadamia integrifolia) trees continues to be a serious problem in Hawaii. Initial signs and symptoms include bleeding, the presence of Ambrosia beetles and orange fruiting bodies of Nectria sp. followed by yellowing and browning of leaves within the tree canopy. Isolations from diseased branches have yielded Phytophthora capsici. A zoospore suspension of P. capsici was injected into branches of cultivar "HAES 344" to incite macadamia quick decline (MQD) signs and symptoms. Two branches showed for the first time MQD bleeding, powder posts and Nectria in an inoculation proving Koch's postulates and also indicating that P. capsici may be the primary causal agent. Control methods for MQD with the fungicide Fosphite were investigated on the cultivar "HAES 333". Soil drenching proved ineffective and was abandoned for a trunk injection method for delivering the fungicide. Initially, a passive trunk injection method was utilized. A 10 ml syringe containing concentrated Fosphite was used to dribble the fungicide into a 1%" deep hole that was drilled at a downward angle into the trunk of the tree. Unfortunately, only 25% to 50% of the label rate was applied. A more efficient and reproducible method utilized a pressurized injection system (Arborjet Tree I.V. System). With this system, the entire amount of fungicide was delivered into 12 trees at the label rate. The Fosphite control vs. no control field was monitored every two weeks for signs of MQD. MQD trees with no control died within an average of 205 days or 6.8 months after first signs of infection. Fosphite-treated trees have survived thus far for an average of 614 days. With treatment, trees to date have lived an additional 409 days. The trunk injection method may provide the macadamia industry a well needed control method for MQD. JF - Phytopathology AU - Keith, L M AU - Sugiyama, L S AU - Nagao, MA AD - USDA-ARS, PBARC Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Entomology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Phytophthora capsici KW - Powder KW - Trees KW - Fruit bodies KW - Leaves KW - Infection KW - Soil KW - Nectria KW - Injection systems KW - Branches KW - Zoospores KW - Macadamia KW - Macadamia integrifolia KW - Fungicides KW - Inoculation KW - Bleeding KW - Yellowing KW - Syringes KW - Canopies KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - Z 05350:Medical, Veterinary, and Agricultural Entomology KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20695326?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Strategies+for+controlling+macadamia+quick+decline&rft.au=Keith%2C+L+M%3BSugiyama%2C+L+S%3BNagao%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Keith&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S183&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Powder; Trees; Fruit bodies; Leaves; Infection; Soil; Injection systems; Branches; Zoospores; Fungicides; Bleeding; Inoculation; Syringes; Yellowing; Canopies; Phytophthora capsici; Nectria; Macadamia integrifolia; Macadamia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of a Real-Time RT-PCR assay for the detection of Cucumber mosaic virus AN - 20695253; 10271535 AB - Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) infects over 800 species in 85 families, has a worldwide distribution, and is considered as one of the most important viruses infecting horticultural and ornamental crops. A number of diverse strains of CMV have been reported and characterized and can be divided into two main subgroups by biological and serological properties, and by nucleotide sequence homologies. Although serological and biological methods for the detection of CMV are available, they may not offer the sensitivity for reliable detection of low levels of CMV in early infections and/or in asymptomatic plants serving as reservoirs for transmission to symptomatic crops. In addition, a sensitive, quantitative nucleic acid-based method is needed to determine the expression levels of virus-related transgenes in genetically-modified plants. We have developed a highly-sensitive, quantitative Real-Time Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) assay that can detect genetically diverse CMV strains (from both serogroups I and II) and virus transgenes in genetically-engineered gladiolus. Primers include sets for viral replicase and for coat protein genes. Variations of the method use either a single conserved TaqMan probe or the green fluorescent dye SYBR Green I to determine the absolute (fg level) and relative copies of CMV genomic RNAs or transgenes contained in purified virions, or in total RNA extracts from infected or transgenic plant tissues. JF - Phytopathology AU - Jordan, R AU - Low, W AU - Guaragna, M AU - Kamo, K AD - USDA ARS USNA FNPRU, Beltsville, MD, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - Virions KW - Cucumber mosaic virus KW - Crop KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - DNA probes KW - Transgenes KW - Infection KW - Cytomegalovirus KW - replicase KW - Transgenic plants KW - Crops KW - Gladiolus KW - Homology KW - RNA KW - Fluorescent indicators KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Primers KW - Coat protein KW - genomics KW - Plant viruses KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - V 22420:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20695253?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Development+of+a+Real-Time+RT-PCR+assay+for+the+detection+of+Cucumber+mosaic+virus&rft.au=Jordan%2C+R%3BLow%2C+W%3BGuaragna%2C+M%3BKamo%2C+K&rft.aulast=Jordan&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S59&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Virions; Crop; DNA probes; Nucleotide sequence; Transgenes; Infection; Crops; Transgenic plants; replicase; RNA; Homology; Polymerase chain reaction; Fluorescent indicators; Coat protein; Primers; genomics; Plant viruses; Cucumber mosaic virus; Gladiolus; Cytomegalovirus ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Behavior of the Triple Gene Block proteins of Altemanthera mosaic virus differs from those of Potato Virus X AN - 20694699; 10271573 AB - The host range of viruses is determined in part by their ability to move cell-to-cell and long distance. Potexvirus movement functions are provided by the Triple Gene Block (TGB) and Coat (CP) proteins; we have examined subcellular localization of these proteins of Altemanthera mosaic virus (AltMV) and observed differences between AltMV and PVX. When AltMV GFP:TGB2 and DsRed:TGB3 were co-expressed by agro-infiltration, no obvious interaction was detected; GFP:TGB2 was observed mainly in the epidermis, and DsRed:TGB3 accumulated primarily in the mesophyll. In contrast, the equivalent PVX proteins are reported to co-localize, and agro-infiltrated PVX DsRed:TGB3 localized to the periphery of epidermal cells. C-terminal deletions of AltMV DsRed:TGB3 still accumulated in the mesophyll, but N-terminal deletions of TGB3 localized to the periphery of epidermal cells. Infectious clones of AltMV with either TGB2 or CP expression disrupted were unable to spread beyond the initially infected cells, whereas a clone with TGB3 expression ablated spread to multiple epidermal cells, but not into the underlying mesophyll. Complementation with agro-infiltrated wild-type TGB3 restored the ability of TGB3-deleted AltMV to spread through the mesophyll to the opposite epidermis throughout the agro-infiltrated area. Over-expression of TGB3 from infectious AltMV caused veinal necrosis. These results suggest that TGB3 contributes to both cell-to-cell and long distance vascular movement. JF - Phytopathology AU - Lim, H AU - Vaira, A AU - Bae, H AU - Bragg, J N AU - Ruzin, SE AU - Hammond, J AD - USDA-ARS, USNA, FNPRU, Beltsville, MD, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Genetics Abstracts; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - Host range KW - Clonal deletion KW - Potato virus X KW - Potexvirus KW - CP protein KW - double prime CP protein KW - Epidermis KW - Necrosis KW - Complementation KW - Coats KW - Overexpression KW - Mesophyll KW - Vascular system KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - G 07880:Human Genetics KW - V 22420:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20694699?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Behavior+of+the+Triple+Gene+Block+proteins+of+Altemanthera+mosaic+virus+differs+from+those+of+Potato+Virus+X&rft.au=Lim%2C+H%3BVaira%2C+A%3BBae%2C+H%3BBragg%2C+J+N%3BRuzin%2C+SE%3BHammond%2C+J&rft.aulast=Lim&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S73&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Epidermis; Necrosis; Complementation; Clonal deletion; Host range; Coats; Overexpression; Mesophyll; CP protein; double prime CP protein; Vascular system; Potato virus X; Potexvirus ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Greenhouse germination and characterization of Synchytrium solstitiale resting spores AN - 20694693; 10272440 JF - Phytopathology AU - Eskandari, F M AU - Bruckart, W L AD - USDA, ARS, FDWSRU, Frederick, MD, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Germination KW - Synchytrium KW - Spores KW - Greenhouses KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20694693?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Greenhouse+germination+and+characterization+of+Synchytrium+solstitiale+resting+spores&rft.au=Eskandari%2C+F+M%3BBruckart%2C+W+L&rft.aulast=Eskandari&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S203&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Germination; Spores; Greenhouses; Synchytrium ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Host susceptibility of tall fescue grass to Meloidogyne spp. and Mesocriconema xenoplax AN - 20693946; 10271789 AB - Preplant fumigant nematicides have traditionally been used to control Meloidogyne spp. and Mesocriconema xenoplax in peach in the Southeast. In recent years growers have faced economic hardships, making it difficult to afford costs associated with these chemicals. Finding an alternative to control these nematodes is warranted. Greenhouse trials were conducted to evaluate the susceptibility of E+ and E- tall fescue grass to M. incognita and M. xenoplax. Fescue lines evaluated included, i) Jesup EI (E+, wild-type endophyte present), ii) Jesup EF (E-, no endophyte present), iii) Max-Q (E+, but non-ergot producing endophyte), and iv) GA-5 (E+). Peach was included as the control. Nematode reproduction criteria were used in evaluating fescue susceptibility. Peach supported greater (P < 0.05) reproduction of M. incognita and M. xenoplax than all fescue lines. Differences in reproduction were not detected among the fescue lines for either nematode. All fescue lines were either poor or nonhosts for M. incognita and the endophyte does not appear to effect nematode reproduction. In contrast, M. xenoplax reproduction was detected in the fescue lines. An initial test evaluating Max-Q for susceptibility to M. hapla indicated that Max-Q did not support M. hapla reproduction compared to a tomato control. These results provide useful insights into the potential use of tall fescue grass as a preplant alternative to chemical control of Meloidogyne spp. JF - Phytopathology AU - Nyczepir AD - USDA ARS, Byron, GA, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Lycopersicon esculentum KW - Endophytes KW - Grasses KW - Fumigants KW - Chemical control KW - Economics KW - Meloidogyne KW - Reproduction KW - Nematoda KW - Prunus KW - Greenhouses KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20693946?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Host+susceptibility+of+tall+fescue+grass+to+Meloidogyne+spp.+and+Mesocriconema+xenoplax&rft.au=Nyczepir&rft.aulast=Nyczepir&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S95&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fumigants; Grasses; Endophytes; Chemical control; Economics; Reproduction; Greenhouses; Lycopersicon esculentum; Meloidogyne; Nematoda; Prunus ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of a polyprobe to detect simultaneously six viroids of pome and stone fruits AN - 20693883; 10271673 AB - A dot blot hybridization assay using a digoxigenin (DIG)-labeled polyprobe was developed for the simultaneous detection of six important viroids of pome and stone fruits on a single membrane. The polyprobe was designed to detect apple scar skin (ASSVd), apple dimple fruit (ADFVd), apple fruit crinkle (AFCVd), pear blister canker (PBCVd), hop stunt (HSVd) and peach latent mosaic (PLMVd) viroids. It was constructed by sequentially cloning nearly full-length sequences of each viroid into a single vector with runoff transcription of the complementary DIG probe driven by the T7 promoter. The sensitivity of the polyprobe was comparable to that of single hybridization probes by dot blot hybridization. The efficacy of the polyprobe was validated by testing total nucleic acid (CTAB procedure) extracts of pome and stone fruit samples from the U.S. National Plant Germplasm System repositories in Corvallis, OR, Davis, CA, and Geneva, NY. The viroid infections from these samples were confirmed by RT-PCR and sequences of the cloned RT-PCR products. The polyprobe offers effective simultaneous detection of all six viroids and greatly reduces the costs and labor involved when a large number of samples are tested. Any samples that are positive by the polyprobe can be further identified by using the individual viroid-specific probes. This procedure has the potential for routine use in diagnostic screening, certification, and quarantine programs for pome and stone fruits. JF - Phytopathology AU - Lin, L AU - Li, R AU - Mock, R AU - Kinard, G AD - USDA-ARS-NGRL, Beltsville, MD, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Canker KW - Fruits KW - Skin KW - Digoxigenin KW - Cloning vectors KW - Probes KW - Transcription KW - Viroids KW - Infection KW - Prunus KW - Promoters KW - Stunt KW - nucleic acids KW - Germplasm KW - Mosaics KW - Malus KW - Quarantine KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Runoff KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03310:Genetics & Taxonomy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20693883?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Development+of+a+polyprobe+to+detect+simultaneously+six+viroids+of+pome+and+stone+fruits&rft.au=Lin%2C+L%3BLi%2C+R%3BMock%2C+R%3BKinard%2C+G&rft.aulast=Lin&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S73&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Canker; Fruits; Skin; Digoxigenin; Probes; Cloning vectors; Transcription; Infection; Viroids; Promoters; Stunt; nucleic acids; Germplasm; Mosaics; Polymerase chain reaction; Quarantine; Runoff; Malus; Prunus ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Large scale field screening of transgenic anthuriums for bacterial blight resistance AN - 20693850; 10271544 AB - Anthuriums are the most important cut flower for the Hawaiian floriculture industry today, with sales valued at 4.8 million dollars. Anthuriums in Hawaii were virtually disease-free until the early 1980s, when bacterial blight caused by the pathogen Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. dieffenbachiae struck the industry, causing production figures to decrease by over 75%. Blight control and management adds approximately 20-30% to the cost of production. Transgenic anthuriums were developed to determine if any of the available transgenes would provide some degree of protection against the bacterial blight pathogen. A large scale screening method to test for bacterial blight resistance in transgenic 'Marion Seefurth' and 'Midori' anthuriums was developed. Humidity chambers were designed and constructed, and inoculation methods were compared, and the most reliable method was selected for all future experiments. To date, more than 2,500 plants, from more than 150 lines, have been inoculated and evaluated for disease resistance. Data and photographs have been compiled and compared. Certain lines show some promise and have been selected for further testing. Developing bacterial blight resistant lines of the highest value cultivars has the potential to save the anthurium industry millions of dollars in manpower and chemical control. JF - Phytopathology AU - Keith, L AU - Sugiyama, L AU - Matsumoto, T AU - Fitch, M AU - Leong, T AU - Aldwinckle, H AU - McCafferty, H AU - Zhu, J AU - Gonsalves, D AD - USDA-ARS, Hilo, HI, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Bacteria KW - Plant diseases KW - Flowers KW - Data processing KW - Chemical control KW - Transgenes KW - Humidity KW - Pathogens KW - Disease resistance KW - Xanthomonas axonopodis KW - Blight KW - Inoculation KW - Anthurium KW - W 30925:Genetic Engineering KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20693850?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Large+scale+field+screening+of+transgenic+anthuriums+for+bacterial+blight+resistance&rft.au=Keith%2C+L%3BSugiyama%2C+L%3BMatsumoto%2C+T%3BFitch%2C+M%3BLeong%2C+T%3BAldwinckle%2C+H%3BMcCafferty%2C+H%3BZhu%2C+J%3BGonsalves%2C+D&rft.aulast=Keith&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Flowers; Plant diseases; Data processing; Chemical control; Blight; Transgenes; Inoculation; Humidity; Disease resistance; Pathogens; Bacteria; Anthurium; Xanthomonas axonopodis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Minimizing risk associated with applications of microbes for biological control AN - 20693613; 10272268 AB - Certain effective biological control agents with unique biotechnological traits are also opportunistic human pathogens. These microorganisms typically are producers of antimicrobial metabolites, resistant to multiple antibiotics, and highly competitive and versatile with regard to resources such as nutrients. These traits are desired in biological control agents but also may allow colonization of immunocompromised or otherwise challenged human subjects. Excellent examples come from the Burkholderia cepacia complex where isolates with effective disease suppression properties were registered for agricultural use by the EPA and marketed for suppression of plant disease. Subsequent concerns regarding impacts of the use of these strains in agricultural settings led to their removal from the market. Strategies are needed and being developed to harness unique biotechnological traits from these concern organisms for disease suppression while reducing the risk to human health. JF - Phytopathology AU - Roberts, D P AD - USDA-ARS, Sustainable Agricultural Systems Laboratory, Beltsville, MD, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Biological control KW - Colonization KW - Plant diseases KW - Microorganisms KW - Antibiotics KW - Metabolites KW - Nutrients KW - Burkholderia cepacia KW - Pathogens KW - Antimicrobial agents KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20693613?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Minimizing+risk+associated+with+applications+of+microbes+for+biological+control&rft.au=Roberts%2C+D+P&rft.aulast=Roberts&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S175&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological control; Colonization; Plant diseases; Microorganisms; Nutrients; Metabolites; Antibiotics; Pathogens; Antimicrobial agents; Burkholderia cepacia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Preliminary evidence for mixed populations of Ca. Liberibacter species in Huanglongbing infections AN - 20693578; 10272441 AB - Huanglongbing (HLB) is the most serious insect-transmitted disease of citrus in the world. Originally found only in Africa and Asia, it was discovered in Brazil and Florida in 2004 and 2005, respectively. Three Candidates Liberibacter species, Ca. L. asiaticus (Las), Ca. L. africanus (Laf), and Ca. L. americanus (Lam) have been identified as causal agents. DNA was extracted and the ITS region was cloned from 29 different HLB samples from four continents (11 countries). Up to 50 clones per sample were sequenced. In 84 clones from seven single HLB samples from China, Indonesia, Japan, Philippines, Taiwan, Thailand, and Vietnam only Las was found. A single sample from India, contained 3 Laf and 24 Las clones. All 87 clones of three samples from South Africa were identified as Laf. In 168 clones of 13 samples from Brazil, 124 were identified as Las, 30 were identified as Laf, and 14 were identified as Lam. Single clones from India and Taiwan appeared to be recombinants of Las and Laf. Seventy-one of 72 clones from three samples from Florida were Las, with the lone exception being a Laf clone. These results demonstrate that multiple Liberibacter species can coexist in a single plant. JF - Phytopathology AU - Postnikova, EN AU - Stone, AL AU - Wilson, C M AU - Sherman, D J AU - Sechler, A AU - Schuenzel, EL AU - Schaad, N W AU - Schneider, W AU - Damsteegt, V D AD - USDA-ARS FDWSRU, Fort Derrick, MD, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Citrus KW - Recombinants KW - DNA KW - Infection KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20693578?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Preliminary+evidence+for+mixed+populations+of+Ca.+Liberibacter+species+in+Huanglongbing+infections&rft.au=Postnikova%2C+EN%3BStone%2C+AL%3BWilson%2C+C+M%3BSherman%2C+D+J%3BSechler%2C+A%3BSchuenzel%2C+EL%3BSchaad%2C+N+W%3BSchneider%2C+W%3BDamsteegt%2C+V+D&rft.aulast=Postnikova&rft.aufirst=EN&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S205&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Recombinants; DNA; Infection; Citrus ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Isolation, Purification, and Characterization of a Polygalacturonase Produced in Penicillium solitum-Decayed 'Golden Delicious' Apple Fruit AN - 20690347; 10069216 AB - Polygalacturonase (PG) was extracted and purified from decayed 'Golden Delcious' apple fruit inoculated with Penicillium solitum. Ammonium sulfate, gel filtration, and cation exchange chromatography were used to purify the enzyme. Both chromatographic methods revealed a single peak corresponding to PG activity. The purified PG most likely originates from the fungus because PG activity from healthy and wounded apple tissue was undetectable. Analysis of cation exchange-purified material using sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed a single 50-kDa band. The enzyme was active over a broad pH range (3 to 7), with optimal activity between pH 4 and 5. PG was highly active at 20 and 37C but was also detectable at 2, 50, and 75C. Divalent cations affected PG enzyme activity; Mg and Fe increased, whereas Ca and Mn reduced activity in vitro. Thin-layer chromatographic separation of hydrolysis products and data from a PG plate activity assay based on staining with ruthenium red showed that the enzyme exhibits both exo and endo activity. Purified PG incubated with intact apple fruit tissue in vitro caused a 30% reduction in mass after 48 h, suggesting a role in P. solitum-m.edia.tsd decay of apple fruit. JF - Phytopathology AU - Jurick, WM II AU - Vico, I AU - McEvoy, J L AU - Whitaker, B D AU - Janisiewicz, W AU - Conway, W S AD - Food Quality Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), BARC-West, Beltsville, MD, USA, Wayne.Jurick@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 636 EP - 641 VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Ruthenium red KW - Fruits KW - Data processing KW - Penicillium KW - Chromatography KW - Enzymes KW - Hydrolysis KW - Gel electrophoresis KW - Filtration KW - Polygalacturonase KW - Ammonium sulfate KW - Malus KW - Purification KW - Manganese KW - pH effects KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20690347?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Isolation%2C+Purification%2C+and+Characterization+of+a+Polygalacturonase+Produced+in+Penicillium+solitum-Decayed+%27Golden+Delicious%27+Apple+Fruit&rft.au=Jurick%2C+WM+II%3BVico%2C+I%3BMcEvoy%2C+J+L%3BWhitaker%2C+B+D%3BJanisiewicz%2C+W%3BConway%2C+W+S&rft.aulast=Jurick&rft.aufirst=WM&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=636&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPHYTO-99-6-0636 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fruits; Ruthenium red; Data processing; Chromatography; Enzymes; Hydrolysis; Gel electrophoresis; Filtration; Polygalacturonase; Ammonium sulfate; Purification; pH effects; Manganese; Penicillium; Malus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-99-6-0636 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Differentiation of Molecular Genotypes and Virulence Phenotypes of Puccinia triticina from Common Wheat in North America AN - 20690318; 10069230 AB - Wheat leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina is widely distributed in the wheat growing regions of the United States and Canada, and is subject to selection for virulence phenotype by leaf rust resistance genes in wheat .cultivars. The objective of this study was to determine the number of genetically differentiated groups of P. triticina that are currently preser t in North America. In total, 148 isolates of P. triticina from the 1980s to 2005 were collected from wheat-growing regions of the United States and Canada and tested for virulence on 20 lines of wheat with single genes for leaf rust resistance and for molecular genotype with 23 simple sequen repeat (SSR) markers. In total, 91 virulence phenotypes and 65 SSR genotypes were found. After removal of isolates with identical virulence and SSR genotypes, 125 isolates were included for further analysis. Bayesian cluster analysis indicated five different groups of isolates based on SSR genotypes that also differed for virulence to leaf rust resistance genes Lr2a, Lr2c, Lr3bg, Lr17, and Lr28. Isolates avirulent to Lr124a and Lr20 that have increased since 2003 had SSR genotypes identical or similar to older isolates in one of the five groups, indicating that these isolates were derived by mutation from the previously existing population of P. triticina. The representative collection of P. triticina isolates had characteristics consistent with an asexual dikaryotic population of genetically differentiated groups of SSR genotypes with high levels of hetero-zygosity and disequilibrium within which stepwise mutation at avirulence or virulence loci regularly occurs. JF - Phytopathology AU - Ordonez, ME AU - Kolmer, JA AD - United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Cereal Disease Laboratory, 1551 Lindig St., St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA, jkolmer@umn.edu Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 750 EP - 758 VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Virulence KW - Triticum aestivum KW - Differentiation KW - Population genetics KW - Bayesian analysis KW - Leaf rust KW - Puccinia triticina KW - Genotypes KW - Mutation KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases KW - K 03310:Genetics & Taxonomy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20690318?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Differentiation+of+Molecular+Genotypes+and+Virulence+Phenotypes+of+Puccinia+triticina+from+Common+Wheat+in+North+America&rft.au=Ordonez%2C+ME%3BKolmer%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Ordonez&rft.aufirst=ME&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=750&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPHYTO-99-6-0750 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Virulence; Population genetics; Differentiation; Bayesian analysis; Leaf rust; Genotypes; Mutation; Triticum aestivum; Puccinia triticina DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-99-6-0750 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bromoxynil degradation in a Mississippi silt loam soil AN - 20690152; 10061580 AB - BACKGROUND: The objectives of these laboratory experiments were: (1) to assess bromoxynil sorption, mineralization, bound residue formation and extractable residue persistence in a Dundee silt loam collected from 0-2 cm and 2-10 cm depths under continuous conventional tillage and no-tillage; (2) to assess the effects of autoclaving on bromoxynil mineralization and bound residue formation; (3) to determine the partitioning of non-extractable residues; and (4) to ascertain the effects of bromoxynil concentration on extractable and bound residues and metabolite formation. RESULTS: Bromoxynil Kd values ranged from 0.7 to 1.4 L kg-1 and were positively correlated with soil organic carbon. Cumulative mineralization (38.5% - 1.5), bound residue formation (46.5% - 0.5) and persistence of extractable residues (T1/2 < 1 day) in non-autoclaved soils were independent of tillage and depth. Autoclaving decreased mineralization and bound residue formation 257-fold and 6.0-fold respectively. Bromoxynil persistence in soil was rate independent (T1/2 < 1 day), and the majority of non-extractable residues (87%) were associated with the humic acid fraction of soil organic matter. CONCLUSIONS: Irrespective of tillage or depth, bromoxynil half-life in native soil is less than 1 day owing to rapid incorporation of the herbicide into non-extractable residues. Bound residue formation is governed principally by biochemical metabolite formation and primarily associated with soil humic acids that are moderately bioavailable for mineralization. These data indicate that the risk of off-site transport of bromoxynil residues is low owing to rapid incorporation into non-extractable residues. Published 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. JF - Pest Management Science AU - Zablotowicz, Robert M AU - Krutz, L Jason AU - Accinelli, Cesare AU - Reddy, Krishna N AD - USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Southern Weed Science Research Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776, USA, Robert.Zablotowicz@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 658 EP - 664 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD UK, [mailto:customer@wiley.co.uk], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 65 IS - 6 SN - 1526-498X, 1526-498X KW - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Degradation KW - Biochemistry KW - Organic carbon KW - Metabolites KW - no-till cropping KW - Mineralization KW - Soil KW - Bioavailability KW - British Isles, Scotland, Tayside, Dundee KW - Sorption KW - Laboratory testing KW - Residues KW - Organic matter KW - Herbicides KW - silt KW - Pest control KW - loam KW - Humic acids KW - USA, Mississippi KW - tillage KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - ENA 15:Renewable Resources-Terrestrial UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20690152?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pest+Management+Science&rft.atitle=Bromoxynil+degradation+in+a+Mississippi+silt+loam+soil&rft.au=Zablotowicz%2C+Robert+M%3BKrutz%2C+L+Jason%3BAccinelli%2C+Cesare%3BReddy%2C+Krishna+N&rft.aulast=Zablotowicz&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=658&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pest+Management+Science&rft.issn=1526498X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fps.1730 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sorption; Biochemistry; Residues; Degradation; Laboratory testing; Organic matter; Organic carbon; Pest control; Metabolites; silt; Herbicides; no-till cropping; Mineralization; Soil; Bioavailability; loam; Humic acids; tillage; USA, Mississippi; British Isles, Scotland, Tayside, Dundee DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ps.1730 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The value of shade: Estimating the effect of urban trees on summertime electricity use AN - 20688266; 10194293 AB - We estimated the effect of shade trees on the summertime electricity use of 460 single-family homes in Sacramento, California. Results show that trees on the west and south sides of a house reduce summertime electricity use, whereas trees on the north side of a house increase summertime electricity use. The current level of tree cover on the west and south sides of houses in our sample reduced summertime electricity use by 185 kWh (5.2%), whereas north-side trees increased electricity use by 55 kWh (1.5%). Results also show that a London plane tree, planted on the west side of a house, can reduce carbon emissions from summertime electricity use by an average of 31% over 100 years. JF - Energy and Buildings AU - Donovan, Geoffrey H AU - Butry, David T AD - USDA Forest Service PNW Research Station, 620 SW Main, Suite 400, Portland, OR 97205, United States, gdonovan@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 662 EP - 668 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 564 Lausanne 1 CH-1001 Switzerland VL - 41 IS - 6 SN - 0378-7788, 0378-7788 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Housing KW - Trees KW - USA, California, Sacramento KW - British Isles, England, Greater London, London KW - Electricity KW - Buildings KW - Residential areas KW - Emissions KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20688266?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+and+Buildings&rft.atitle=The+value+of+shade%3A+Estimating+the+effect+of+urban+trees+on+summertime+electricity+use&rft.au=Donovan%2C+Geoffrey+H%3BButry%2C+David+T&rft.aulast=Donovan&rft.aufirst=Geoffrey&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=662&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+and+Buildings&rft.issn=03787788&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.enbuild.2009.01.002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Housing; Trees; Emissions; Residential areas; Electricity; Buildings; USA, California, Sacramento; British Isles, England, Greater London, London DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2009.01.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The phylogenetic relationships of introduced Aphelinus (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), biological control agents of the Russian wheat aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) AN - 20682717; 10141761 AB - Several species of Aphelinus have been introduced to the US from the Old World for biological control of the Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia (Modvilko). Reproductive incompatibility has been observed among populations collected from different geographic areas. We examined whether or not the reproductive incompatibility between strains of A. asychis was caused by distant phylogenetic relationships. Ribosomal DNA sequences of internal transcribed spacers 2 (ITS2) were analyzed in several species of Aphelinus collected from multiple sites of Europe and Asia. The phylogenetic analysis showed that strains within the species A. albipodus and A. asychis are not monophyletic, and two clearly divergent clades were revealed among sequenced samples. Our results suggest that the reproductive incompatibility between three exotic strains of A. asychis was more likely caused by divergence of phylogeny than by symbiotic bacteria. JF - Insect Science AU - Zhu, Y C AU - Fang, Q Q AD - USDA-ARS, 141 Experiment Station Road, Stoneville, MS 38776, USA, yc.zhu@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 277 EP - 285 VL - 16 IS - 3 SN - 1672-9609, 1672-9609 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Entomology Abstracts KW - Phylogeny KW - Biological control KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Aphididae KW - Spacer KW - Asychis KW - Diuraphis noxia KW - Triticum aestivum KW - Aphelinus KW - Homoptera KW - Hymenoptera KW - Aphelinidae KW - J 02310:Genetics & Taxonomy KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - A 01370:Biological Control KW - Z 05350:Medical, Veterinary, and Agricultural Entomology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20682717?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Insect+Science&rft.atitle=The+phylogenetic+relationships+of+introduced+Aphelinus+%28Hymenoptera%3A+Aphelinidae%29%2C+biological+control+agents+of+the+Russian+wheat+aphid+%28Homoptera%3A+Aphididae%29&rft.au=Zhu%2C+Y+C%3BFang%2C+Q+Q&rft.aulast=Zhu&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=277&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Insect+Science&rft.issn=16729609&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1744-7917.2009.01249.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological control; Phylogeny; Nucleotide sequence; Spacer; Triticum aestivum; Aphelinus; Aphididae; Hymenoptera; Homoptera; Aphelinidae; Asychis; Diuraphis noxia DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7917.2009.01249.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of ESTs generated from immune-stimulated hemocytes of larval Heliothis virescens AN - 20653362; 9383850 AB - Heliothis virescens immunome components responding to baculoviral and bacterial infection were identified from expressed sequence tags (ESTs) generated from an immune-stimulated larval hemocyte cDNA library. A total of 5548 ESTs were generated comprising 448 contigs and 1114 singletons, totaling 1606 putative transcripts 1101 of which had BLAST scores, including many known orthologs from other insect species. Orthologs of known or putative immune function were identified among them melanization pathway components, proteases, antibacterial proteins, lectins, bacteria-binding proteins, ferritins, scavenger receptors, cell surface receptors, signaling pathway components, and stress response enzymes. Additionally, many enzymes of central metabolism, cytoskeletal, mitochondrial, and ribosomal components, as well as transcriptional and translational regulators were identified. The effect of bacterial and baculoviral infection upon transcript levels of three identified immunome targets from among the ESTs was quantitated using real time PCR. Scolexin-B, C-type lectin and growth-blocking peptide binding protein transcripts were significantly elevated by bacterial infection. Per os infection with the baculovirus Helicoverpa zea single nucleopolyhedrovirus however did not significantly alter transcript levels of these three genes. The ESTs reported here are the first large scale report of the H. virescens immunome responding to entomopathogens, and represent a first step to a more complete transcriptome for this pest moth. JF - Journal of Invertebrate Pathology AU - Shelby, K S AU - Popham, HJR AD - USDA, Agricultural Research Service, 1503 S. Providence Road, Columbia, MO 65203, USA, Kent.Shelby@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 86 EP - 95 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 101 IS - 2 SN - 0022-2011, 0022-2011 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Entomology Abstracts; Immunology Abstracts KW - Translation KW - Cell surface KW - Receptor mechanisms KW - Mitochondria KW - Helicoverpa zea KW - Melanization KW - Infection KW - expressed sequence tags KW - Gene expression KW - Cytoskeleton KW - Hemocytes KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Proteinase KW - Pests KW - Heliothis virescens KW - scavenger receptors KW - Nuclear polyhedrosis virus KW - Stress KW - Enzymes KW - Transcription KW - Lectins KW - Ferritin KW - Immune response KW - Baculovirus KW - Metabolism KW - Signal transduction KW - A 01340:Antibiotics & Antimicrobials KW - V 22410:Animal Diseases KW - Z 05360:Genetics and Evolution KW - F 06910:Microorganisms & Parasites KW - J 02340:Antibiotics & Antimicrobials UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20653362?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Invertebrate+Pathology&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+ESTs+generated+from+immune-stimulated+hemocytes+of+larval+Heliothis+virescens&rft.au=Shelby%2C+K+S%3BPopham%2C+HJR&rft.aulast=Shelby&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=86&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Invertebrate+Pathology&rft.issn=00222011&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jip.2009.05.002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cell surface; Translation; Receptor mechanisms; Transcription; Enzymes; Stress; Mitochondria; Lectins; Melanization; Infection; expressed sequence tags; Cytoskeleton; Gene expression; Hemocytes; Polymerase chain reaction; Proteinase; Ferritin; Pests; Immune response; Metabolism; scavenger receptors; Signal transduction; Nuclear polyhedrosis virus; Helicoverpa zea; Baculovirus; Heliothis virescens DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jip.2009.05.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Long-term economic performance of organic and conventional field crops in the mid-Atlantic region AN - 20653139; 9405957 AB - Interest in organic grain production is increasing in the United States but there is limited information regarding the economic performance of organic grain and forage production in the mid-Atlantic region. We present the results from enterprise budget analyses for individual crops and for complete rotations with and without organic price premiums for five cropping systems at the US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) Beltsville Farming Systems Project (FSP) from 2000 to 2005. The FSP is a long-term cropping systems trial established in 1996 to evaluate the sustainability of organic and conventional grain crop production. The five FSP cropping systems include a conventional, three-year no-till corn (Zea mays L.)-rye (Secale cereale L.) cover crop/soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr)-wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)/soybean rotation (no-till (NT)), a conventional, three-year chisel-till corn-rye/soybean-wheat/soybean rotation (chisel tillage (CT)), a two-year organic hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth)/corn-rye/soybean rotation (Org2), a three-year organic vetch/corn-rye/soybean-wheat rotation (Org3) and a four- to six-year organic corn-rye/soybean-wheat-red clover (Trifolium pratense L.)/orchard grass (Dactylis glomerata L.) or alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) rotation (Org4+). Economic returns were calculated for rotations present from 2000 to 2005, which included some slight changes in crop rotation sequences due to weather conditions and management changes; additional analyses were conducted for 2000 to 2002 when all crops described above were present in all organic rotations. Production costs were, in general, greatest for CT, while those for the organic systems were lower than or similar to those for NT for all crops. Present value of net returns for individual crops and for full rotations were greater and risks were lower for NT than for CT. When price premiums for organic crops were included in the analysis, cumulative present value of net returns for organic systems (US$3933 to 5446 ha-1, 2000 to 2005; US$2653 to 2869 ha-1, 2000 to 2002) were always substantially greater than for the conventional systems (US$1309 to 1909 ha-1, 2000 to 2005; US$634 to 869 ha-1, 2000 to 2002). With price premiums, Org2 had greater net returns but also greater variability of returns and economic risk across all years than all other systems, primarily because economic success of this short rotation was highly dependent on the success of soybean, the crop with the highest returns. Soybean yield variability was high due to the impact of weather on the success of weed control in the organic systems. The longer, more diverse Org4+ rotation had the lowest variability of returns among organic systems and lower economic risk than Org2. With no organic price premiums, economic returns for corn and soybean in the organic systems were generally lower than those for the conventional systems due to lower grain yields in the organic systems. An exception to this pattern is that returns for corn in Org4+ were equal to or greater than those in NT in four of six years due to both lower production costs and greater revenue than for Org2 and Org3. With no organic premiums, present value of net returns for the full rotations was greatest for NT in 4 of 6 years and greatest for Org4+ the other 2 years, when returns for hay crops were high. Returns for individual crops and for full rotations were, in general, among the lowest and economic risk was, in general, among the highest for Org2 and Org3. Results indicate that Org4+, the longest and most diverse rotation, had the most stable economic returns among organic systems but that short-term returns could be greatest with Org2. This result likely explains, at least in part, why some organic farmers in the mid-Atlantic region, especially those recently converting to organic methods, have adopted this relatively short rotation. The greater stability of the longer rotation, by contrast, may explain why farmers who have used organic methods for longer periods of time tend to favor rotations that include perennial forages. JF - Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems AU - Cavigelli, Michel A AU - Hima, Beth L AU - Hanson, James C AU - Teasdale, John R AU - Conklin, Anne E AU - Lu, Yao-chi AD - Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Sustainable Agricultural Systems Laboratory, Beltsville, MD, USA., michel.cavigelli@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 102 EP - 119 PB - CAB International, Wallingford VL - 24 IS - 2 SN - 1742-1705, 1742-1705 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Grasses KW - no-till cropping KW - crop production KW - Glycine max KW - corn KW - Crops KW - Dactylis glomerata KW - Trifolium pratense KW - Triticum aestivum KW - orchards KW - Zea mays KW - Economics KW - sustainability KW - budgets KW - soybeans KW - crop rotation KW - Weather KW - weed control KW - USA, Mid-Atlantic Region KW - agriculture KW - alfalfa KW - Organic farming KW - forage KW - Vicia villosa KW - production costs KW - tillage KW - Secale cereale KW - Medicago sativa KW - ENA 06:Food & Drugs KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20653139?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Renewable+Agriculture+and+Food+Systems&rft.atitle=Long-term+economic+performance+of+organic+and+conventional+field+crops+in+the+mid-Atlantic+region&rft.au=Cavigelli%2C+Michel+A%3BHima%2C+Beth+L%3BHanson%2C+James+C%3BTeasdale%2C+John+R%3BConklin%2C+Anne+E%3BLu%2C+Yao-chi&rft.aulast=Cavigelli&rft.aufirst=Michel&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=102&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Renewable+Agriculture+and+Food+Systems&rft.issn=17421705&rft_id=info:doi/10.1017%2FS1742170509002555 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - crop rotation; Weather; weed control; Grasses; agriculture; alfalfa; crop production; no-till cropping; Organic farming; Crops; corn; orchards; Economics; forage; sustainability; tillage; production costs; budgets; soybeans; Trifolium pratense; Dactylis glomerata; Triticum aestivum; Zea mays; Vicia villosa; Secale cereale; Glycine max; Medicago sativa; USA, Mid-Atlantic Region DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1742170509002555 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative Susceptibility of Kudzu Accessions from the Southeastern United States to Infection by Phakopsora pachyrhizi AN - 20649238; 9382741 AB - Soybean rust, caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi, was first discovered in the continental United States in the fall of 2004. The potential for economic loss in the United States hinges largely on whether or not the pathogen can survive winters in the absence of soybean. Kudzu (Pueraria lobata) is known to be a host for P. pachyrhizi in Asia and South America and is widely distributed in the southern United States. This study examined reactions of kudzu collected from several areas of the southeastern United States to three isolates of P. pachyrhizi, one each from Alabama, Louisiana, and Brazil. Susceptible tan (TAN) lesions, resistant reddish-brown (RB) lesions, and immune (IM) response, previously described on soybean, were produced on kudzu based on the evaluation of 125 plants. However, in contrast to soybean, the RB response on kudzu was common, with approximately 50% frequency. IM responses to at least one isolate were observed on five individual plants, and two plants were immune to all three pathogen isolates used in the test. TAN lesions averaged 3.2 uredinia per lesion with an average diameter per uredinium of 121 km. In contrast, RB lesions had an average of 0.3 uredinia per lesion with an average uredinial diameter of 77 km. In 25 of 39 (64%) instances in which multiple plants were tested from a site, each reacted the same to the individual pathogen isolates. This suggested a tendency for plants at specific sites to be genetically identical with respect to rust reaction. Only 19 of 125 (15%) individual plants produced a different reaction to one isolate than to the other two isolates. When four kudzu plants previously shown to produce only TAN lesions to P. pachyrhizi isolates Alabama 04-1, Brazil 01-1, and Louisiana 04-1 were inoculated with eight additional isolates from several areas of the world, all 11 isolates produced only TAN lesions. Likewise, when five other plants previously shown to produce only RB lesions when inoculated with the three isolates were inoculated with the 11 isolates, all produced only RB lesions. These results suggest that susceptibility or resistance to P. pachyrhizi in individual kudzu plants often is broad, extending over a wide range of P. pachyrhizi isolates. JF - Plant Disease AU - Bonde, M R AU - Nester, SE AU - Moore, W F AU - Allen, T W AD - USDA, ARS, Foreign Disease-Weed Science Research Unit, 1301 Ditto Ave., Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA, morris.bonde@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 593 EP - 598 VL - 93 IS - 6 SN - 0191-2917, 0191-2917 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Pueraria lobata KW - Plant diseases KW - Phakopsora pachyrhizi KW - Economics KW - Retinoblastoma protein KW - Pathogens KW - Infection KW - Rust KW - Soybeans KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20649238?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Disease&rft.atitle=Comparative+Susceptibility+of+Kudzu+Accessions+from+the+Southeastern+United+States+to+Infection+by+Phakopsora+pachyrhizi&rft.au=Bonde%2C+M+R%3BNester%2C+SE%3BMoore%2C+W+F%3BAllen%2C+T+W&rft.aulast=Bonde&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=593&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Disease&rft.issn=01912917&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPDIS-93-6-0593 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Plant diseases; Economics; Retinoblastoma protein; Pathogens; Infection; Rust; Soybeans; Pueraria lobata; Phakopsora pachyrhizi DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-93-6-0593 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bacterial Brown Leaf Spot of Citrus, a New Disease Caused by Burkholderia andropogonis AN - 20646997; 9382743 AB - A new bacterial disease of citrus was recently identified in Florida and is here named bacterial brown leaf spot (BBLS) of citrus. BBLS-infected citrus leaves from the field displayed circular, brownish, flat lesions with slightly raised and water-soaked margins surrounded by a chlorotic halo. Based on Biolog carbon source metabolic "fingerprinting", fatty acid analysis, and sequence analysis of partial 16S rDNA, gyrB, and rpoD genes, the causal agent of the disease was identified as Burkholderia andropogonis. Pathogenicity of these B. andropogonis isolates taken from multiple citrus leaves with BBLS was tested by various inoculation methods on three species of citrus as well as on carnation, corn, and sorghum. All isolates infected carnation, corn, and sorghum with varying degrees of pathogenicity. Variation among citrus isolates in pathogenicity was also observed in high titer (10 super(8) CFU/ml) inoculations of citrus leaves, ranging from a hypersensitive-like response to canker-like lesions. When the inoculum concentration was low (10 super(6) CFU/ml), only necrotic spots or small lesions slowly developed with all strains. Growth of B. andropogonis in citrus was relatively slow, tissue wounding appeared necessary for symptom appearance with many isolates, and field samples were recovered only after severe storms, indicating that this wide-host-range bacterium is a weak, opportunistic pathogen of citrus. JF - Plant Disease AU - Duan, Y P AU - Sun, X AU - Zhou, L J AU - Gabriel, D W AU - Benyon, L S AU - Gottwald, T AD - USDA-ARS-USHRL, Fort Pierce, FL 34945, USA, yongping.duan@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 607 EP - 614 VL - 93 IS - 6 SN - 0191-2917, 0191-2917 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Citrus KW - Bacteria KW - Plant diseases KW - DNA topoisomerase KW - Leaves KW - Pathogens KW - Carbon sources KW - Burkholderia andropogonis KW - Opportunist infection KW - DNA fingerprinting KW - Pathogenicity KW - Colony-forming cells KW - Fatty acids KW - Inoculation KW - Inoculum KW - Brown spot KW - rRNA 16S KW - Spot KW - Wounding KW - Sorghum KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20646997?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Disease&rft.atitle=Bacterial+Brown+Leaf+Spot+of+Citrus%2C+a+New+Disease+Caused+by+Burkholderia+andropogonis&rft.au=Duan%2C+Y+P%3BSun%2C+X%3BZhou%2C+L+J%3BGabriel%2C+D+W%3BBenyon%2C+L+S%3BGottwald%2C+T&rft.aulast=Duan&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=607&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Disease&rft.issn=01912917&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPDIS-93-6-0607 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Plant diseases; Leaves; DNA topoisomerase; Carbon sources; Pathogens; Opportunist infection; DNA fingerprinting; Pathogenicity; Colony-forming cells; Inoculum; Inoculation; Fatty acids; Brown spot; Spot; rRNA 16S; Wounding; Citrus; Bacteria; Burkholderia andropogonis; Sorghum DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-93-6-0607 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Automated Image Analysis of the Severity of Foliar Citrus Canker Symptoms AN - 20646217; 9382750 AB - Citrus canker (caused by Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri) is a destructive disease, reducing yield and rendering fruit unfit for fresh sale. Accurate assessment of citrus canker severity and other diseases is needed for several purposes, including monitoring epidemics and evaluation of germ-plasm. We compared measurements of citrus canker severity (percent area infected) from automated image analysis to visual estimates by raters and true values using images from five leaf samples (65, 123, 50, 50, and 200 leaves; disease severity from 0 to 60%). Severity on leaves was measured by automated image analysis by (i) basing threshold values on a presample of leaves, or (ii) replacing healthy leaf color on a leaf-by-leaf basis before automating image analysis. Samples 1 to 4 were assessed by three trained plant pathologists, and sample 5 was assessed by an additional 25 raters. Healthy leaf area color replacement gave the most consistent agreement with the true severity data. Using color replacement, agreement with true values based on Lin's concordance correlation coefficient (r sub(c)) was 0.93, 0.79, 0.71, 0.85, and 0.89 for each of the samples, respectively. The range and consistency of agreement was generally less good for automated thresholds based on a presample (r sub(c) = 0.35-0.90) or visual raters (r sub(c) = 0.30-0.94). The constituents of agreement (precision and accuracy) showed similar trends. No one rater or method was best for every leaf sample, but replacing healthy color in each leaf with a standard color before automation of image analysis improved agreement, and was relatively quick (20 s per image). The accuracy and precision of automated image analysis of citrus canker severity can be comparable to unaided, direct visual estimation by many ratets. JF - Plant Disease AU - Bock, CH AU - Cook, A Z AU - Parker, P E AU - Gottwald, T R AD - University of Florida/USDA-ARS-USHRL 2001 S. Rock Rd., Ft. Pierce, FL 34945, USA, clive.bock@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 660 EP - 665 VL - 93 IS - 6 SN - 0191-2917, 0191-2917 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Citrus KW - Canker KW - Visual thresholds KW - Fruits KW - Leaf area KW - Plant diseases KW - Data processing KW - Epidemics KW - Leaves KW - Image processing KW - Automation KW - Color KW - Xanthomonas KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20646217?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Disease&rft.atitle=Automated+Image+Analysis+of+the+Severity+of+Foliar+Citrus+Canker+Symptoms&rft.au=Bock%2C+CH%3BCook%2C+A+Z%3BParker%2C+P+E%3BGottwald%2C+T+R&rft.aulast=Bock&rft.aufirst=CH&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=660&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Disease&rft.issn=01912917&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPDIS-93-6-0660 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Canker; Leaf area; Fruits; Visual thresholds; Plant diseases; Epidemics; Data processing; Leaves; Automation; Image processing; Color; Citrus; Xanthomonas DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-93-6-0660 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - First Report of Tobacco rattle virus in Peony in Alaska AN - 20645733; 9382776 AB - Peonies (Paeonia sp.) are highly valued for their large showy flowers in home gardens and commercially in the cut flower industry. In 2007, scattered peony (Paeonia lactiflora 'Sarah Bernhardt') plants cultivated on small plots at the University of Alaska Experimental Station in Fairbanks displayed distinct leaf ringspot patterns. Symptoms were more severe during the cooler months of the growing season (June and September), with symptom remission in the intervening warmer months. Leaf samples from six symptomatic plants were collected in July and from 20 symptomatic plants in September and assayed for viruses. Leaf samples (1 g) were assayed with a general protocol for plant virus extraction and partial purification with differential centrifugation followed by protein detection on stained sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. No distinct proteins indicative of viral coat protein(s) were detected. Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) and Tobacco rattle virus (TRV), known pathogens of peony, were then specifically targeted. Total RNA was extracted from each sample with an RNeasy Plant Mini kit (Qiagen Inc., Valencia, CA) and used as the template for reverse transcription (RT)-PCR with random primers. TSWV was not detected by RT-PCR with tospovirus group-specific primers (Agdia, Inc., Elkhart, IN). A nested set of primers designed from the TRV 16-kDa protein gene on RNA1 amplified an 6600-bp fragment from one of the symptomatic plants. This DNA was directly sequenced (GenBank Accession No. FJ357572) and BLAST searches in GenBank revealed as much as 95% nucleotide (nt) identity with TRV accessions J04347 and X03685. Additional primer pairs specific for TRV amplified overlapping fragments with expected sizes of 6818, 6515, and -290 bp from the 29- and 16-kDa protein genes on the 3'-end of RNA1 that were directly sequenced. Assembly of these sequences in Se-quencher 4.8 (Gene Codes Corp., Ann Arbor, MI) resulted in a 1,422-nt sequence (Accession No. FJ357571) and Clustal X analysis showed 93 to 94% nt identity to TRV isolates, -ORY (AF034622), -PpK20 (AF314165), -Pp085 (AJ586803), and -SYM (D00155). Mechanical inoculation of partially purified virions from the confirmed TRV-infected peony plant to Nicotiana bentnamiana gave no symptoms to occasional ringspots, faintly curled leaves, and chlorotic blotches on N. tabacum 'Samsun', and local lesions on Chenopodium amaranticolor. TRV infection of these hosts was confirmed by RT-PCR. With electron microscopy, rod-shaped particles similar to TRV with a distinct central canal characteristic of TRV were seen occasionally only from inoculated N. benthamiana. On the basis of the biological and molecular data, we have determined the virus in the peony to be an isolate of TRV, tentatively named TRV-Peony. TRV was confirmed in only one other peony based on a sequenced 290-nt PCR fragment with 95% identity with the sequence from the other TRV-infected peony. Lack of TRV detection in the other symptomatic peonies was possibly due to low viral concentrations and interfering plant substances. Documentation of TRV in peonies is especially important to help avoid distribution of virus-infected vegetative propagation material. To our knowledge, this is the first report of TRV in this host in Alaska, but also of this virus in Alaska. JF - Plant Disease AU - Robertson, N L AU - Brown, K L AU - Winton, L M AU - Holloway, P S AD - USDA-ARS, Subarctic Agricultural Research Unit, Palmer, AK, USAd Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 675 VL - 93 IS - 6 SN - 0191-2917, 0191-2917 KW - Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Virions KW - Tomato spotted wilt virus KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - protein purification KW - Infection KW - Chenopodium KW - Reverse transcription KW - Centrifugation KW - Blotch KW - Tobacco KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Electron microscopy KW - Plant diseases KW - Flowers KW - Data processing KW - Tospovirus KW - Leaves KW - Remission KW - Tobacco rattle virus KW - Pathogens KW - Nucleotides KW - Gel electrophoresis KW - Paeonia KW - Nicotiana KW - Canals KW - Coats KW - RNA KW - Inoculation KW - Primers KW - Plant extracts KW - Plant viruses KW - Wilt KW - Propagation KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - V 22420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20645733?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Disease&rft.atitle=First+Report+of+Tobacco+rattle+virus+in+Peony+in+Alaska&rft.au=Robertson%2C+N+L%3BBrown%2C+K+L%3BWinton%2C+L+M%3BHolloway%2C+P+S&rft.aulast=Robertson&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=675&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Disease&rft.issn=01912917&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPDIS-93-6-0675B LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Virions; Nucleotide sequence; protein purification; Infection; Reverse transcription; Centrifugation; Blotch; Tobacco; Polymerase chain reaction; Electron microscopy; Flowers; Plant diseases; Data processing; Leaves; Remission; Pathogens; Gel electrophoresis; Nucleotides; Canals; RNA; Coats; Inoculation; Primers; Plant extracts; Plant viruses; Propagation; Wilt; Nicotiana; Tomato spotted wilt virus; Tospovirus; Tobacco rattle virus; Chenopodium; Paeonia DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-93-6-0675B ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spinach (Spinacia oleracea) is a New Natural Host of Impatiens necrotic spot virus in California AN - 20644509; 9382771 AB - Spinach (Spinacia oleracea) plants exhibiting severe stunting and leaves that showed interveinal yellowing, thickening, and deformation were found in an experimental trial adjacent to an artichoke field in Monterey County, CA in October of 2008. Percent incidence of symptomatic plants ranged from 20 to 39% in cvs. Bordeaux, Lazio, and Tigercat. Symptomatic plants were positive for Impatiens necrotic spot virus (INSV; family Bunyaviridae, genus Tospovirus) and were negative for Tomato spotted wilt virus, Cucumber mosaic virus, and Tobacco mosaic virus when tested with immunostrips (Agdia Inc., Elkhart, EM). The INSV-positive spinach was used for mechanical transmission to Nicotiana ben-thamiana, Chenopodium quinoa, and spinach. All inoculated plants were positive for INSV with immunostrips. To further confirm the presence of INSV, reverse transcription (RT)-PCR was conducted. Total RNA was extracted from the symptomatic spinach plants using a RNeasy Plant Kit (Qiagen Inc., Valencia, CA) and used as a template in RT-PCR using forward (5'-GGATGTAAGCCCTTCTTTGTAGTGG-3') and reverse (5'-CCTTCCAAGTCACCCTCTGATTG-3') primers specific to the INSV nucleoprotein (N) gene (GenBank Accession No. DQ425096). Amplicons of the expected size (approximately 364 bp) were obtained from both field-infected and mechanically inoculated spinach plants. Four amplicons were sequenced and compared with INSV N gene sequence in GenBank to confirm the identity of the products. Sequences obtained had 99% nucleotide identity with INSV sequences available under the GenBank Accession Nos. L20885, DQ523597, DQ523598, X66872, L20886, D00914, AB109100, and DQ425096. INSV can be one of the most serious viral pathogens of ornamental plants in North America and Europe. The host range of INSV is expanding and recent reports of INSV infection of vegetables include lettuce, peppers, peanut, and potato (1--4). To our knowledge, this is the first report of natural occurrence of INSV in spinach in California. Since INSV is vectored by thrips, its expanding natural host could make it an economically important problem in California and the United States. JF - Plant Disease AU - Liu, H-Y AU - Sears, J L AU - Mou, B AD - USDA-ARS, 1636 East Alisal Street, Salinas, CA 93905, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 673 VL - 93 IS - 6 SN - 0191-2917, 0191-2917 KW - Entomology Abstracts; Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Arachis hypogaea KW - Tomato spotted wilt virus KW - Vegetables KW - Host range KW - Ornamental plants KW - Nucleoproteins KW - Nuts KW - Infection KW - Impatiens necrotic spot virus KW - Bunyaviridae KW - Reverse transcription KW - Disease transmission KW - N gene KW - Solanum tuberosum KW - Chenopodium quinoa KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Yellowing KW - Spinacia oleracea KW - Cucumber mosaic virus KW - Plant diseases KW - Tospovirus KW - Leaves KW - Pathogens KW - Tobacco mosaic virus KW - Nicotiana KW - RNA KW - Primers KW - Plant extracts KW - Plant viruses KW - Spot KW - Wilt KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - V 22420:Plant Diseases KW - Z 05350:Medical, Veterinary, and Agricultural Entomology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20644509?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Disease&rft.atitle=Spinach+%28Spinacia+oleracea%29+is+a+New+Natural+Host+of+Impatiens+necrotic+spot+virus+in+California&rft.au=Liu%2C+H-Y%3BSears%2C+J+L%3BMou%2C+B&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=H-Y&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=673&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Disease&rft.issn=01912917&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPDIS-93-6-0673C LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Plant diseases; Vegetables; Ornamental plants; Host range; Nucleoproteins; Leaves; Nuts; Pathogens; Infection; Disease transmission; Reverse transcription; RNA; N gene; Yellowing; Polymerase chain reaction; Primers; Plant extracts; Plant viruses; Spot; Wilt; Nicotiana; Cucumber mosaic virus; Arachis hypogaea; Tomato spotted wilt virus; Tospovirus; Solanum tuberosum; Chenopodium quinoa; Spinacia oleracea; Impatiens necrotic spot virus; Tobacco mosaic virus; Bunyaviridae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-93-6-0673C ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relationship between urbanization and bat community structure in national parks of the southeastern U.S. AN - 20635496; 9376463 AB - Urbanization and development are predicted to increase considerably in the United States over the next several decades, and this is expected to result in large-scale habitat loss, fragmentation and loss of wildlife species. Thus, natural parks and preserves are becomingly increasingly important in the conservation of regional biodiversity. We used mist-nets and AnabatII acoustic detectors to survey bats in 10 national parks in the southeastern U.S. and examined the relationship between bat community structure and development in the surrounding 5 km. We predicted that species richness would increase with park size and that species richness and evenness would decrease with development. Species richness was not related to development or any other landscape characteristics including park size. In contrast, species evenness declined with increasing development. Percent Developed land in the surrounding 5 km area was the only variable that entered into the stepwise regression model. The decrease in species evenness in the urban parks was due to the dominance of big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) in these parks. The percentage of big brown bats in our captures was positively related to percent Developed land in the surrounding area. Our data suggest that urban parks may be important for conserving regional bat biodiversity. However, the low species evenness in these parks suggests that some bat species may be susceptible to the effects of urbanization and may be extirpated over time. Thus, management of urban as well as rural parks should strive to conserve as much bat roosting and foraging habitat as possible. JF - Urban Ecosystems AU - Loeb, Susan C AU - Post, Christopher J AU - Hall, Steven T AD - USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Department of Forestry & Natural Resources, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA, sloeb@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 197 EP - 214 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany, [mailto:subscriptions@springer.de], [URL:http://www.springer.de/] VL - 12 IS - 2 SN - 1083-8155, 1083-8155 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - dominance KW - Ecosystems KW - Urbanization KW - National parks KW - Biological diversity KW - national parks KW - Biodiversity KW - Development KW - Eptesicus fuscus KW - species richness KW - Species richness KW - Urban areas KW - Acoustics KW - habitat changes KW - Landscape KW - Wildlife KW - Habitat KW - USA KW - Community structure KW - Parks KW - Conservation KW - Rural areas KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 05:Environmental Design & Urban Ecology KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20635496?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Urban+Ecosystems&rft.atitle=Relationship+between+urbanization+and+bat+community+structure+in+national+parks+of+the+southeastern+U.S.&rft.au=Loeb%2C+Susan+C%3BPost%2C+Christopher+J%3BHall%2C+Steven+T&rft.aulast=Loeb&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=197&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Urban+Ecosystems&rft.issn=10838155&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11252-008-0075-6 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Urbanization; Community structure; National parks; Parks; Biodiversity; Development; Habitat; Species richness; dominance; Ecosystems; habitat changes; Acoustics; Wildlife; Landscape; national parks; Biological diversity; species richness; Conservation; Urban areas; Rural areas; Eptesicus fuscus; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11252-008-0075-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nitrogen and water affect direct and indirect plant systemic induced defense in cotton AN - 20634923; 9374243 AB - Plants have direct and indirect constitutively produced and inducible defenses against herbivores and pathogens, which can substantially aid in their ability to defend themselves. However, very little is known about the influence of agronomic factors on such defenses. Here, we tested the effects of nitrogen levels and water availability on the ability of cotton plants to deter feeding by Spodoptera exigua through induction of anti-feedants, and to attract Microplitis croceipes through systemic induction of volatile emission. Cotton plants were grown with various nitrogen levels and were either exposed to water stress or normal water before being exposed to S. exigua for 48 h for induction of defenses. Dual choices of various nitrogen and water treatments were provided to M. croceipes in flight tunnel bioassays. Dual choices of leaf tissue from the various nitrogen and water treatments were provided to S. exigua larvae. Both water stress and nitrogen levels under and over the recommended levels increased leaf tissue consumption and decreased attraction of M. croceipes to the plants. Analyses of induced volatiles released from herbivore damaged plants indicate that their concentrations differ among the nitrogen levels tested with plants receiving no nitrogen or twice the recommended dose having amounts much lower than plants receiving the recommended dose. Because both direct and indirect plant defense mechanisms are negatively affected by improper nitrogen and insufficient water, we argue that these factors should be considered for a better natural control of pests in cotton and most probably in other crops. JF - Biological Control AU - Olson, D M AU - Cortesero, A M AU - Rains, G C AU - Potter, T AU - Lewis, WJoe AD - Crop Protection and Management Research Unit, USDA-ARS, 2747 Davis Road, Tifton, GA 31793-0748, USA, dawn.olson@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 239 EP - 244 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 49 IS - 3 SN - 1049-9644, 1049-9644 KW - Entomology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Gossypium hirsutum KW - Microplitis croceipes KW - Heliocoverpa zea KW - Spodoptera exigua KW - Nitrogen KW - Water stress KW - Direct and indirect induced plant defense KW - Volatiles KW - Anti-feedants. KW - Biological control KW - Feeding KW - Crop KW - Cotton KW - Allelochemicals KW - Leaves KW - Pathogens KW - Water availability KW - Herbivores KW - Water treatment KW - Flight tunnel KW - Defense mechanisms KW - Pests KW - A 01370:Biological Control KW - Z 05350:Medical, Veterinary, and Agricultural Entomology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20634923?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biological+Control&rft.atitle=Nitrogen+and+water+affect+direct+and+indirect+plant+systemic+induced+defense+in+cotton&rft.au=Olson%2C+D+M%3BCortesero%2C+A+M%3BRains%2C+G+C%3BPotter%2C+T%3BLewis%2C+WJoe&rft.aulast=Olson&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=239&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biological+Control&rft.issn=10499644&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biocontrol.2009.02.011 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological control; Feeding; Crop; Cotton; Allelochemicals; Leaves; Pathogens; Water availability; Water stress; Herbivores; Water treatment; Flight tunnel; Pests; Defense mechanisms; Nitrogen; Microplitis croceipes; Spodoptera exigua DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2009.02.011 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 17b-Estradiol and testosterone in drainage and runoff from poultry litter applications to tilled and no-till crop land under irrigation AN - 20620168; 9353005 AB - Thirteen metric tons of poultry litter are produced annually by poultry producers in the U.S. Poultry litter contains the sex hormones estradiol and testosterone, endocrine disruptors that have been detected in surface waters. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential impact of poultry litter applications on estradiol and testosterone concentrations in subsurface drainage and surface runoff in irrigated crop land under no-till and conventional-till management. We conducted an irrigation study in fall of 2001 and spring of 2002. Four treatments, no-till plus poultry litter, conventional-till plus poultry litter, no-till plus conventional fertilizer, and conventional-till plus conventional fertilizer, were evaluated. Flow-weighted concentration and load ha super(-) super(1) of the two hormones were measured in drainage and runoff. Soil concentrations of estradiol and testosterone were measured. Based on comparisons to the conventional fertilizer (and control) treatments, poultry litter did not add to the flow-weighted concentration or load ha super(-) super(1) of either estradiol or testosterone in subsurface drainage or surface runoff. Significant differences were, however, observed between tillage treatments: flow-weighted concentrations of estradiol were greater for no-till than conventional-till plots of the June irrigation; and runoff loads of both estradiol and testosterone were less from no-till than conventional-till plots for the November irrigation. Although the differences between no-till and conventional-tillage appeared to affect the hydrologic transport of both hormones, the differences appeared to have inconsequential environmental impact. JF - Journal of Environmental Management AU - Jenkins, M B AU - Endale, D M AU - Schomberg, H H AU - Hartel, P G AU - Cabrera, M L AD - USDA-ARS, J. Phil Campbell, Sr., Natural Resource Conservation Center, 1420 Experiment Station Road, Watkinsville, GA 30677, USA, michael.jenkins@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 2659 EP - 2664 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl] VL - 90 IS - 8 SN - 0301-4797, 0301-4797 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Ecology Abstracts KW - 17b-Estradiol KW - Poultry KW - Surface Runoff KW - poultry KW - Surface water KW - endocrine disruptors KW - no-till cropping KW - Hormones KW - Crops KW - Sex hormones KW - Soil KW - Fertilizers KW - Testing Procedures KW - Litter KW - Drainage KW - Irrigation KW - Environmental impact KW - Agrochemicals KW - USA KW - Testosterone KW - Endocrinology KW - tillage KW - Runoff KW - ENA 09:Land Use & Planning KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 1060:Conservation in agricultural use KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20620168?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=17b-Estradiol+and+testosterone+in+drainage+and+runoff+from+poultry+litter+applications+to+tilled+and+no-till+crop+land+under+irrigation&rft.au=Jenkins%2C+M+B%3BEndale%2C+D+M%3BSchomberg%2C+H+H%3BHartel%2C+P+G%3BCabrera%2C+M+L&rft.aulast=Jenkins&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=90&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=2659&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Management&rft.issn=03014797&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jenvman.2009.02.003 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Litter; Fertilizers; Endocrinology; Irrigation; Environmental impact; Hormones; Runoff; Sex hormones; 17b-Estradiol; Testosterone; Poultry; Drainage; poultry; endocrine disruptors; Surface water; no-till cropping; Agrochemicals; Crops; Soil; tillage; Testing Procedures; Surface Runoff; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2009.02.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sialic acid uptake is necessary for virulence of Pasteurella multocida in turkeys AN - 20619922; 9353098 AB - Many pathogenic bacteria employ systems to incorporate sialic acid into their membranes as a means of protection against host defense mechanisms. In Pasteurella multocida, an opportunistic pathogen which causes diseases of economic importance in a wide range of animal species, sialic acid uptake plays a role in a mouse model of systemic pasteurellosis. To further investigate the importance of sialic acid uptake in pathogenesis, sialic acid uptake mutants of an avian strain of P. multocida P-1059 (A:3) were constructed, characterized, and an in-frame sialic acid uptake deletion mutant was assessed for virulence in turkeys. Inactivation of sialic acid uptake resulted in a high degree of attenuation when turkeys were challenged either intranasally or intravenously. Resistance of the sialic acid uptake mutant to killing by turkey serum complement was similar to that of the parent, suggesting other mechanisms are responsible for attenuation of virulence in turkeys. JF - Microbial Pathogenesis AU - Tatum, F M AU - Tabatabai, L B AU - Briggs, R E AD - Respiratory Diseases of Livestock Unit, National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, 2300 Dayton Avenue, Ames, IA 50010, USA, robert.briggs@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 337 EP - 344 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 46 IS - 6 SN - 0882-4010, 0882-4010 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Virulence KW - Pasteurellosis KW - Deletion mutant KW - Animal models KW - Pasteurella multocida KW - Pathogens KW - Defense mechanisms KW - Economic importance KW - Sialic acids KW - Opportunist infection KW - J 02410:Animal Diseases KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20619922?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microbial+Pathogenesis&rft.atitle=Sialic+acid+uptake+is+necessary+for+virulence+of+Pasteurella+multocida+in+turkeys&rft.au=Tatum%2C+F+M%3BTabatabai%2C+L+B%3BBriggs%2C+R+E&rft.aulast=Tatum&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=337&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microbial+Pathogenesis&rft.issn=08824010&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.micpath.2009.04.003 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pasteurellosis; Virulence; Deletion mutant; Animal models; Defense mechanisms; Pathogens; Economic importance; Sialic acids; Opportunist infection; Pasteurella multocida DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2009.04.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Does accelerated soil organic matter decomposition in the presence of plants increase plant N availability? AN - 20600322; 9312601 AB - Plant roots can increase microbial activity and soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition via rhizosphere priming effects. It is virtually unknown how differences in the priming effect among plant species and soil type affect N mineralization and plant uptake. In a greenhouse experiment, we tested whether priming effects caused by Fremont cottonwood (Populus fremontii) and Ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) grown in three different soil types increased plant available N. We measured primed C as the difference in soil-derived CO2-C fluxes between planted and non-planted treatments. We calculated 'excess plant available N' as the difference in plant available N (estimated from changes in soil inorganic N and plant N pools at the start and end of the experiment) between planted and non-planted treatments. Gross N mineralization at day 105 was significantly greater in the presence of plants across all treatments, while microbial N measured at the same time was not affected by plant presence. Gross N mineralization was significantly positively correlated to the rate of priming. Species effects on plant available N were not consistent among soil types. Plant available N in one soil type increased in the P. fremontii treatment but not in the P. ponderosa treatment, whereas in the other two soils, the effects of the two plant species were reversed. There was no relationship between the cumulative amount of primed C and excess plant available N during the first 107 days of the experiment when inorganic N was still abundant in all planted soils. However, during the second half of the experiment (days 108-398) when soil inorganic N in the planted treatments was depleted by plant N uptake, the cumulative amount of primed C was significantly positively correlated to excess plant available N. Primed C explained 78% of the variability in plant available N for five of the six plant-soil combinations. Excess plant available N could not be predicted from cumulative amount of primed C in one species-soil type combination. Possibly, greater microbial N immobilization due to large inputs of rhizodeposits with low N concentration may have reduced plant available N or we may have underestimated plant available N in this treatment because of N loss through root exudation and death. We conclude that soil N availability cannot be determined by soil properties alone, but that is strongly influenced by root-soil interactions. JF - Soil Biology and Biochemistry AU - Dijkstra, Feike A AU - Bader, Nicholas E AU - Johnson, Dale W AU - Cheng, Weixin AD - Department of Environmental Studies, University of California, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA, feike.dijkstra@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1080 EP - 1087 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 41 IS - 6 SN - 0038-0717, 0038-0717 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Net N mineralization KW - Plant N acquisition KW - Priming effect KW - Rhizodeposits KW - Soil type KW - Tree species KW - Soil types KW - Pinus ponderosa KW - Organic matter KW - Rhizosphere KW - Roots KW - Soils (organic) KW - Mineralization KW - Decomposition KW - Populus fremontii KW - Greenhouses KW - Soil properties KW - Immobilization KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - A 01390:Forestry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20600322?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Biology+and+Biochemistry&rft.atitle=Does+accelerated+soil+organic+matter+decomposition+in+the+presence+of+plants+increase+plant+N+availability%3F&rft.au=Dijkstra%2C+Feike+A%3BBader%2C+Nicholas+E%3BJohnson%2C+Dale+W%3BCheng%2C+Weixin&rft.aulast=Dijkstra&rft.aufirst=Feike&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1080&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Biology+and+Biochemistry&rft.issn=00380717&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.soilbio.2009.02.013 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil types; Rhizosphere; Organic matter; Soil properties; Roots; Soils (organic); Mineralization; Decomposition; Immobilization; Greenhouses; Pinus ponderosa; Populus fremontii DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2009.02.013 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of combinatorial biocatalysis for a unique ring expansion of dihydroxymethylzearalenone AN - 20597278; 9310801 AB - Combinatorial biocatalysis was applied to generate a diverse set of dihydroxymethylzearalenone analogs with modified ring structure. In one representative chemoenzymatic reaction sequence, dihydroxymethylzearalenone was first subjected to a unique enzyme-catalyzed oxidative ring opening reaction that creates two new carboxylic groups on the molecule. These groups served as reaction sites for further derivatization involving biocatalytic ring closure reactions with structurally diverse bifunctional reagents, including different diols and diamines. As a result, a library of cyclic bislactones and bislactams was created, with modified ring structures covering chemical space and structure activity relationships unattainable by conventional synthetic means. JF - Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters AU - Rich, Joseph O AU - Budde, Cheryl L AU - McConeghey, Luke D AU - Cotterill, Ian C AU - Mozhaev, Vadim V AU - Singh, Sheo B AU - Goetz, Michael A AU - Zhao, Annie AU - Michels, Peter C AU - Khmelnitsky, Yuri L AD - AMRI, Department of Metabolism and Biotransformations, 21 Corporate Circle, Albany, NY 12212, USA, joseph.rich@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 3059 EP - 3062 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 19 IS - 11 SN - 0960-894X, 0960-894X KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Combinatorial biocatalysis KW - Enzymatic synthesis KW - Enzymatic derivatization KW - Drugs KW - Enzymatic activity KW - Catalysis KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20597278?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioorganic+and+Medicinal+Chemistry+Letters&rft.atitle=Application+of+combinatorial+biocatalysis+for+a+unique+ring+expansion+of+dihydroxymethylzearalenone&rft.au=Rich%2C+Joseph+O%3BBudde%2C+Cheryl+L%3BMcConeghey%2C+Luke+D%3BCotterill%2C+Ian+C%3BMozhaev%2C+Vadim+V%3BSingh%2C+Sheo+B%3BGoetz%2C+Michael+A%3BZhao%2C+Annie%3BMichels%2C+Peter+C%3BKhmelnitsky%2C+Yuri+L&rft.aulast=Rich&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=3059&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioorganic+and+Medicinal+Chemistry+Letters&rft.issn=0960894X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.bmcl.2009.04.005 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Enzymatic activity; Catalysis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.04.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Isolation and characterization of rhamnolipid-producing bacterial strains from a biodiesel facility AN - 20594758; 9292292 AB - AbstractNovel strains of rhamnolipid-producing bacteria were isolated from soils at a biodiesel facility on the basis of their ability to grow on glycerol as a sole carbon source. Strains were identified as Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, Enterobacter asburiae, Enterobacter hormaechei, Pantoea stewartii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The strains of the former five species were found to produce rhamnolipids in quantities the same as, or similar to, coisolated strains of P. aeruginosa. Measurements of surface tension revealed that that emulsifying properties of these strains were similar to levels displayed by rhamnolipids produced by P. aeruginosa. Results of matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization time-of-flight MS analyses revealed that the predominant compounds made by all strains were C10-C10 mono- and dirhamnolipids. Notably, E. hormaechei and one strain of A. calcoaceticus produced rhamnolipids in amounts similar to the pseudomonads. As all strains examined were from the same taxonomic class of Proteobacteria, further examination of this group may reveal many additional species not previously known to produce rhamnolipids in addition to novel strains of species currently known to produce rhamnolipids. JF - FEMS Microbiology Letters AU - Rooney, Alejandro P AU - Price, Neil PJ AU - Ray, Karen J AU - Kuo, Tsung-Min AD - 1Microbial Genomics and Bioprocessing Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Peoria, IL, USA; and Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 82 EP - 87 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 VL - 295 IS - 1 SN - 0378-1097, 0378-1097 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - rhamnolipids KW - biodiesel KW - glycerol KW - biosurfactant KW - MALDI-TOF MS KW - Pantoea stewartii KW - Enterobacter KW - Carbon sources KW - Proteobacteria KW - Soil KW - Glycerol KW - Acinetobacter calcoaceticus KW - Diesel KW - Lasers KW - Pseudomonas aeruginosa KW - Biofuels KW - J 02310:Genetics & Taxonomy KW - A 01400:Soil Microbes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20594758?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=FEMS+Microbiology+Letters&rft.atitle=Isolation+and+characterization+of+rhamnolipid-producing+bacterial+strains+from+a+biodiesel+facility&rft.au=Rooney%2C+Alejandro+P%3BPrice%2C+Neil+PJ%3BRay%2C+Karen+J%3BKuo%2C+Tsung-Min&rft.aulast=Rooney&rft.aufirst=Alejandro&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=295&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=82&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=FEMS+Microbiology+Letters&rft.issn=03781097&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1574-6968.2009.01581.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Glycerol; rhamnolipids; Lasers; Diesel; Carbon sources; Biofuels; Pantoea stewartii; Acinetobacter calcoaceticus; Enterobacter; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Proteobacteria DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2009.01581.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of Race, Acculturation, and Socioeconomic Status on Tendency Toward Overweight in Asian-American and Mexican-American Early Adolescent Females AN - 20589404; 9299195 AB - Background Health disparities in chronic disease prevalence exist in the United States among racial/ethnic groups. This study explores relationships between physical, socioeconomic, and cultural characteristics of a multi-ethnic sample of early adolescent females which may assist health educators in designing programs targeting these groups. Methods Mexican-American and Asian-American sixth grade females (n = 144) were enrolled in Adequate Calcium Today. Physical measurements included weight, height, and BMI. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry determined percent body fat (%BF). Socioeconomic status was determined by enrollment in free or reduced meal program (FRMP). An adapted Acculturation Rating Scale for Mexican-Americans-II (ARSMA-II) measured acculturation. Results Mexican-Americans had greater height, BMI, %BF, and a greater tendency toward overweight (P < 0.01) than Asian-American. Asian-Americans were more acculturated than MA (P < 0.005), attributed to a lower ethnic orientation scale score. Within Asian-Americans, %BF was higher among FRMP participants than non-participants (P < 0.05). Discussion Income and acculturation may affect tendency toward chronic disease. JF - Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health AU - Schaefer, Sara E AU - Salazar, Melissa AU - Bruhn, Christine AU - Saviano, Dennis AU - Boushey, Carol AU - Loan, Marta D AD - Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, USA, marta.vanloan@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 188 EP - 197 PB - Springer New York, LLC, 233 Spring St VL - 11 IS - 3 SN - 1557-1912, 1557-1912 KW - Physical Education Index KW - Measurement KW - Obesity KW - Socioeconomic factors KW - Adolescence KW - Body mass KW - Height KW - Chronic diseases KW - Health KW - Rating scales KW - PE 120:Sport: Psychology, Sociology & History UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20589404?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aphysicaleducation&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Immigrant+and+Minority+Health&rft.atitle=Influence+of+Race%2C+Acculturation%2C+and+Socioeconomic+Status+on+Tendency+Toward+Overweight+in+Asian-American+and+Mexican-American+Early+Adolescent+Females&rft.au=Schaefer%2C+Sara+E%3BSalazar%2C+Melissa%3BBruhn%2C+Christine%3BSaviano%2C+Dennis%3BBoushey%2C+Carol%3BLoan%2C+Marta+D&rft.aulast=Schaefer&rft.aufirst=Sara&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=188&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Immigrant+and+Minority+Health&rft.issn=15571912&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10903-008-9150-6 LA - English DB - Physical Education Index N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Obesity; Measurement; Socioeconomic factors; Body mass; Adolescence; Height; Health; Chronic diseases; Rating scales DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10903-008-9150-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In situ immune infrared fluorescent staining for detection and quantitation of bluetongue virus in Culicoides insect cell culture AN - 20562527; 9264775 AB - Bluetongue virus (BTV) is transmitted to sheep, cattle and other ruminants by Culicoides spp. of biting midges. Cell lines have been developed from Culicoides sonorensis; however, techniques to detect and quantitate viable virus directly in these insect cells are lacking. In situ immune infrared fluorescent staining techniques were developed to visualize and quantitate BTV infection in Culicoides cell culture by both an endpoint titration and an agarose overlay fluorescent focus assay. Insect cell cultures infected with BTV were fixed, permeabilized and reacted with virus-specific monoclonal antibody and fluorescent-labeled secondary antibody. Virus replication in the infected cells was visualized and quantitated by measuring fluorescence with an infrared imager. The sensitivity of virus detection in insect cell culture using these techniques was comparable to or better than detection by standard techniques in vertebrate cell culture. JF - Journal of Virological Methods AU - Mecham, JO AU - Brown, P L AU - McHolland, LE AD - ARS, Arthropod-Borne Animal Diseases Research Laboratory, 1000 E. University Ave., Laramie, WY 82071, USA, james.mecham@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 110 EP - 113 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 158 IS - 1-2 SN - 0166-0934, 0166-0934 KW - Entomology Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - Ruminantia KW - Fluorescence KW - Replication KW - Monoclonal antibodies KW - Culicoides sonorensis KW - Cell culture KW - Infection KW - Culicoides KW - Biting KW - Insect cells KW - Titration KW - Bluetongue virus KW - Bluetongue KW - Quantitation KW - Z 05300:General KW - V 22300:Methods KW - W 30900:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20562527?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Virological+Methods&rft.atitle=In+situ+immune+infrared+fluorescent+staining+for+detection+and+quantitation+of+bluetongue+virus+in+Culicoides+insect+cell+culture&rft.au=Mecham%2C+JO%3BBrown%2C+P+L%3BMcHolland%2C+LE&rft.aulast=Mecham&rft.aufirst=JO&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=158&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=110&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Virological+Methods&rft.issn=01660934&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jviromet.2009.02.011 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fluorescence; Biting; Monoclonal antibodies; Replication; Insect cells; Titration; Bluetongue; Cell culture; Infection; Quantitation; Ruminantia; Culicoides sonorensis; Bluetongue virus; Culicoides DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jviromet.2009.02.011 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development and utilization of transgenic New World screwworm, Cochliomyia hominivorax AN - 20549959; 9255711 AB - Abstract.The New World screwworm (NWS), Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel) (Diptera: Calliphoridae), was the first insect to be effectively controlled using the sterile insect technique (SIT). Recent efforts to improve SIT control of this species have centred on the development of genetically transformed strains using the piggyBac transposon vector system. Eight transgenic strains were produced incorporating an enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) marker gene under polyubiquitin regulation that has the potential for use as a genetic marking system for released males. The transgenic strains were genetically and phenotypically characterized, including for life fitness parameters and mating competitiveness. These characteristics were unique for each strain and thus some strains were deemed suitable for incorporation into SIT eradication programmes. The strain with the best attributes is designated 'CLAY'. Four of the strains, including CLAY, have been successfully cryopreserved so that their original characteristics should be unchanged when further evaluation is required. With the demonstration of efficient germ-line transformation in NWS, allowing production of fit and competitive transformants, it is now possible to consider further transgenic strain development to improve SIT that are currently being tested in other dipteran species. This includes strains that allow genetic marking with fluorescent proteins, genetic sexing by female lethality, male-specific fluorescent sorting and male sterility by testis-specific lethality. The SIT may also be improved upon by new strategies resulting in lethality of offspring of released insects using conditional lethal systems based upon temperature-dependent or dietary tetracycline regulation of lethal gene expression. Both the creation of new NWS transgenic strains and the ecological safety of their release will be enhanced by new vector systems that allow specific genomic targeting of vector constructs and their subsequent immobilization, ensuring transgene and strain stability. JF - Medical and Veterinary Entomology AU - Handler, A M AU - Allen, M L AU - Skoda AD - 1Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology, Agricultural Research Service (ARS), U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Gainesville, Florida, U.S.A. Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 98 EP - 105 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road VL - 23 SN - 0269-283X, 0269-283X KW - Genetics Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - Cochliomyia hominivorax KW - biological control KW - fluorescent proteins KW - piggyBac transformation KW - sterile insect technique KW - transgenic insects KW - Fitness KW - Transformation KW - Sexing KW - Transgenes KW - Green fluorescent protein KW - Transcription KW - Tetracyclines KW - Cryopreservation KW - Clays KW - Transposons KW - Gene expression KW - Mating KW - Lethality KW - Gene regulation KW - Male sterility KW - Progeny KW - genomics KW - Calliphoridae KW - Diptera KW - Immobilization KW - Competitiveness KW - Z 05360:Genetics and Evolution KW - G 07730:Development & Cell Cycle KW - W 30945:Fermentation & Cell Culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20549959?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Medical+and+Veterinary+Entomology&rft.atitle=Development+and+utilization+of+transgenic+New+World+screwworm%2C+Cochliomyia+hominivorax&rft.au=Handler%2C+A+M%3BAllen%2C+M+L%3BSkoda&rft.aulast=Handler&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=&rft.spage=98&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Medical+and+Veterinary+Entomology&rft.issn=0269283X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2915.2008.00773.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Transformation; Fitness; Sexing; Transgenes; Green fluorescent protein; Transcription; Tetracyclines; Cryopreservation; Clays; Gene expression; Transposons; Mating; Lethality; Gene regulation; Progeny; Male sterility; genomics; Competitiveness; Immobilization; Cochliomyia hominivorax; Diptera; Calliphoridae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2915.2008.00773.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fate of biosolids Cu and Zn in a semi-arid grassland AN - 20480889; 9176568 AB - Biosolids land application applies varying trace metal amounts to soils. Measuring total soil metals is typically performed to ensure environmental protection, yet this technique does not quantify which soil phases play important metal release or attenuation roles. We assessed the distribution of biosolids-borne Cu and Zn associated with soluble/exchangeable, specifically adsorbed /carbonate-bound, amorphous and crystalline Mn/Fe oxyhydroxide-bound, residual organic, and residual inorganic phases. Biosolids were surface-applied (no incorporation) to experimental plots, at the Meadow Springs Ranch (40 53'46''N, 104 52'28''W) which is owned by the city of Fort Collins, CO, USA, in 1991 at rates of 0, 2.5, 5, 10, 21, and 30Mgha super(-) super(1). Plots were split in half in 2002, with one-half receiving biosolids at rates identical to 1991 rates. In 2003, 0-8, 8-15, and 15-30-cm soil depths were collected and subjected to 4M HNO sub(3) digestion and sequential fractionation. The 4M HNO sub(3) extraction suggested downward Cu transport, while Zn was immobilized in the soil surface. The sequential extraction procedure, more sensitive to changes in soil metal pools, suggested that repeated biosolids application did not affect vertical Zn movement, but did increase the downward transport potential of organically complexed Cu. In the given time, organically complexed Cu was likely mineralized and subsequently associated with soil mineral oxide phases. Because bioavailability of Cu is associated with dissolved phases, and soluble/exchangeable Cu concentrations were below detection limits in the subsoil, a reduction in environmental quality should be minimal. Still, we advocate that on coarse-textured semi-arid soils, biosolids application rates should match the plant N needs to avoid potential downward trace metal transport. JF - Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment AU - Ippolito, JA AU - Barbarick, KA AU - Brobst, R B AD - 3793 North 3600 East, Kimberly, ID 83341, United States, jim.ippolito@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 325 EP - 332 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 131 IS - 3-4 SN - 0167-8809, 0167-8809 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Ecosystems KW - Copper KW - Land application KW - Soil KW - Digestion KW - Bioavailability KW - Meadows KW - Zinc KW - Water springs KW - Biosolids KW - Urban areas KW - Metals KW - agriculture KW - Environmental protection KW - Soil depth KW - Grasslands KW - ranching KW - Fractionation KW - Semiarid environments KW - biosolids KW - Environmental quality KW - subsoils KW - trace metals KW - Trace metals KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20480889?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agriculture%2C+Ecosystems+%26+Environment&rft.atitle=Fate+of+biosolids+Cu+and+Zn+in+a+semi-arid+grassland&rft.au=Ippolito%2C+JA%3BBarbarick%2C+KA%3BBrobst%2C+R+B&rft.aulast=Ippolito&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=131&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=325&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agriculture%2C+Ecosystems+%26+Environment&rft.issn=01678809&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.agee.2009.02.013 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Digestion; Grasslands; Soil depth; Meadows; Zinc; biosolids; Copper; Trace metals; Metals; Ecosystems; agriculture; Land application; Environmental protection; Soil; Bioavailability; ranching; Fractionation; Semiarid environments; Environmental quality; Water springs; subsoils; trace metals; Biosolids; Urban areas DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2009.02.013 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dairy heifer management impacts manure N collection and cycling through crops in Wisconsin, USA AN - 20479718; 9176550 AB - Escalating energy and fertilizer N prices have renewed farmer interests in methods that reduce manure management costs and enhance the fertilizer value of manure. At the same time, air quality legislation seeks to mitigate ammonia loss from animal operations. We compared two dairy heifer management practices on manure N capture and recycling through crops: the conventional practice of barn manure collection and land application, and corralling heifers directly on cropland. Heifers were kept in a barn for two (B2) or four (B4) days and manure was hauled to fields, or heifers were corralled directly on cropland for two (C2) or four (C4) days. Four successive manure application seasons, spring-summer (SS), fall-winter (FW), summer (S) and winter (W) were evaluated over 2 years. Each season was followed by 3-year crop rotations: SS and S by wheat (Triticum spp. L.), sudangrass (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench), winter rye (Secale cereale L.), corn (Zea mays L.), winter rye, and corn; and FW and W by corn, winter rye, corn, winter rye, and corn. Corralling resulted in 50-65% greater N applications than barn manure. In barn N losses (% of excreted manure N, ExN) were greater from B4 (30%) than B2 (20%). Apparent N recovery of applied manure N (ANR) by wheat ranged from 13% to 25% at the lower (B2 and C2) application rates and 8-14% at the higher (B4 and C4) rates. First-year corn following FW had ANR of 13-32% at the lower (B2 and C2) application rates and 9-20% of applied N at the higher (B4 and C4) rates. As a percent of ExN, ANR over the 3 year rotation from C2 was 50%, B2 35%, C4 30% and B4 22%. Overall results demonstrated that corralling dairy heifers on cropland reduces ammonia loss and improves urine N capture and recycling through crops. JF - Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment AU - Powell, J M AU - Russelle, M P AD - U.S. Dairy Forage Research Center (USDFRC), 1925 Linden Drive West, Madison, WI 53706, USA, mark.powell@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 170 EP - 177 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 131 IS - 3-4 SN - 0167-8809, 0167-8809 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Triticum KW - Manure KW - Ecosystems KW - USA, Wisconsin KW - Crops KW - Triticum aestivum KW - Fertilizers KW - Ammonia KW - agriculture KW - agricultural land KW - Crop rotation KW - winter KW - Legislation KW - Air quality KW - Recycling KW - corn KW - Waste management KW - Sorghum bicolor KW - Zea mays KW - wheat KW - crop rotation KW - Animal wastes KW - Agrochemicals KW - Dairies KW - Urine KW - Secale cereale KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20479718?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agriculture%2C+Ecosystems+%26+Environment&rft.atitle=Dairy+heifer+management+impacts+manure+N+collection+and+cycling+through+crops+in+Wisconsin%2C+USA&rft.au=Powell%2C+J+M%3BRusselle%2C+M+P&rft.aulast=Powell&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=131&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=170&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agriculture%2C+Ecosystems+%26+Environment&rft.issn=01678809&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.agee.2009.01.012 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Crop rotation; Fertilizers; Dairies; Manure; Urine; Ammonia; Recycling; Crops; crop rotation; wheat; Animal wastes; Ecosystems; agriculture; agricultural land; Air quality; Agrochemicals; corn; Waste management; winter; Legislation; Sorghum bicolor; Triticum aestivum; Triticum; Zea mays; Secale cereale; USA, Wisconsin DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2009.01.012 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Subsurface drip irrigation of corn in the United States Mid-South AN - 20435572; 9118956 AB - Although rainfall in the United States Mid-South is sufficient to produce corn (Zea mays L.) without irrigation in most years, timely irrigation has been shown to increase yields. The recent interest in ethanol fuels is expected to lead to increases in US corn production, and subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) is one possible way to increase application efficiency and thereby reduce water use. The objective of this study was to determine the response of SDI-irrigated corn produced in the US Mid-South. Field studies were conducted at the University of Arkansas Northeast Research and Extension Center at Keiser during the 2002-2004 growing seasons. The soil was mixed, with areas of fine sandy loam, loamy sand, and silty clay. SDI tubing was placed under every row at a depth of approximately 30cm. Three irrigation levels were compared, with irrigation replacing 100% and 60% of estimated daily water use and no irrigations. The split plot treatment was hybrid, with three hybrids of different relative maturities. Although the 3-year means indicated significantly lower yields for a nonirrigated treatment, no significant differences were observed among the treatments in 2003 or 2004. A large difference was observed in 2002, the year with the least rainfall during the study period, but no difference was detected between the two irrigated treatments in any year. The treatment with the lower water application had the higher irrigation water use efficiency. Although the results of this study suggested that replacing 60% of the estimated daily evapotranspiration with SDI is sufficient for maximum corn yields, additional observations will be needed to determine whether corn production with SDI is feasible in the region and to develop recommendations for farmers choosing to adopt the method. Improved weather forecasting and crop coefficient functions developed specifically for the region should also contribute to more efficient irrigation management. JF - Agricultural Water Management AU - Vories, ED AU - Tacker, P L AU - Lancaster, S W AU - Glover, R E AD - USDA-ARS Cropping Systems and Water Quality Research Unit, PO Box 160, Portageville, MO 63873, United States, Earl.Vories@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 912 EP - 916 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 96 IS - 6 SN - 0378-3774, 0378-3774 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water Management KW - maturity KW - Rainfall KW - Fuels KW - crop yield KW - Weather Forecasting KW - Drip Irrigation KW - corn KW - Crop Yield KW - Water Use KW - Soil KW - Zea mays KW - Sand KW - Corn KW - Ethanol KW - water use KW - Weather KW - Clay KW - Irrigation KW - Evapotranspiration KW - irrigation water KW - loam KW - hybrids KW - Water management KW - USA, Arkansas KW - Irrigation Water KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - SW 1060:Conservation in agricultural use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20435572?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agricultural+Water+Management&rft.atitle=Subsurface+drip+irrigation+of+corn+in+the+United+States+Mid-South&rft.au=Vories%2C+ED%3BTacker%2C+P+L%3BLancaster%2C+S+W%3BGlover%2C+R+E&rft.aulast=Vories&rft.aufirst=ED&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=96&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=912&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agricultural+Water+Management&rft.issn=03783774&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.agwat.2008.12.004 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water use; Weather; maturity; Clay; Fuels; Rainfall; Irrigation; crop yield; Evapotranspiration; corn; irrigation water; Soil; hybrids; loam; Water management; Sand; Ethanol; Water Management; Corn; Weather Forecasting; Irrigation Water; Drip Irrigation; Water Use; Crop Yield; Zea mays; USA, Arkansas DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2008.12.004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of exhaust emissions and their mutagenicity from the combustion of biodiesel, vegetable oil, gas-to-liquid and petrodiesel fuels AN - 20426372; 9095987 AB - Efforts are under way to reduce diesel engine emissions (DEE) and their content of carcinogenic and mutagenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). Previously, we observed reduced PAH emissions and DEE mutagenicity caused by reformulated or newly developed fuels. The use of rapeseed oil as diesel engine fuel is growing in German transportation businesses and agriculture. We now compared the mutagenic effects of DEE from rapeseed oil (RSO), rapeseed methyl ester (RME, biodiesel), natural gas-derived synthetic fuel (gas-to-liquid, GTL), and a reference petrodiesel fuel (DF) generated by a heavy-duty truck diesel engine using the European Stationary Cycle. Mutagenicity of the particle extracts and the condensates was tested using the Salmonella typhimurium mammalian microsome assay with strains TA98 and TA100. The RSO particle extracts increased the mutagenic effects by factors of 9.7 up to 17 in strain TA98 and of 5.4 up to 6.4 in strain TA100 compared with the reference DF. The RSO condensates caused up to three times stronger mutagenicity than the reference fuel. RME extracts had a moderate but significantly higher mutagenic response in assays of TA98 with metabolic activation and TA100 without metabolic activation. GTL samples did not differ significantly from DF. Regulated emissions (hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides (NOx), and particulate matter) remained below the limits except for an increase in NOx exhaust emissions of up to 15% from the tested biofuels. JF - Fuel AU - Krahl, Jurgen AU - Knothe, Gerhard AU - Munack, Axel AU - Ruschel, Yvonne AU - Schroder, Olaf AU - Hallier, Ernst AU - Westphal, Gotz AU - Bunger, Jurgen AD - Coburg University of Applied Sciences, 96406 Coburg, Germany, gerhard.knothe@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1064 EP - 1069 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 88 IS - 6 SN - 0016-2361, 0016-2361 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Biodiesel KW - Diesel exhaust emissions KW - Diesel fuel KW - Mutagenicity KW - Vegetable oil KW - Agriculture KW - Vegetables KW - Microsomes KW - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Hydrocarbons KW - Fuels KW - Particulate matter KW - Salmonella typhimurium KW - Combustion KW - Exhausts KW - Oil KW - Carbon monoxide KW - Condensates KW - oxides KW - Metabolic activation KW - Diesel KW - Biofuels KW - Nitrogen KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20426372?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fuel&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+exhaust+emissions+and+their+mutagenicity+from+the+combustion+of+biodiesel%2C+vegetable+oil%2C+gas-to-liquid+and+petrodiesel+fuels&rft.au=Krahl%2C+Jurgen%3BKnothe%2C+Gerhard%3BMunack%2C+Axel%3BRuschel%2C+Yvonne%3BSchroder%2C+Olaf%3BHallier%2C+Ernst%3BWestphal%2C+Gotz%3BBunger%2C+Jurgen&rft.aulast=Krahl&rft.aufirst=Jurgen&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1064&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fuel&rft.issn=00162361&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.fuel.2008.11.015 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agriculture; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Mutagenicity; Microsomes; Vegetables; Hydrocarbons; Fuels; Particulate matter; Exhausts; Combustion; Carbon monoxide; Oil; Condensates; Metabolic activation; oxides; Diesel; Biofuels; Nitrogen; Salmonella typhimurium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2008.11.015 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Temporal and spatial effects of long-term floor management on the bacterial and nematode communities in a Salinas Valley, California grape vineyard AN - 20186929; 10272342 AB - California grape producers traditionally manage vineyard floor vegetation to control weeds and vine vigor, and prevent erosion. The attitude towards vineyard floor management of some has changed from one of preventing disease and weeds to promoting plant and soil-borne microbial diversity. In the final year of a long term vineyard floor management field study, we examined both the bacterial and nematode communities present in the row middles and berms across six different floor management strategies. Samples were assayed for total bacterial and nematode populations in addition to identifying individual members of these communities. An analysis of the culturable bacteria community found weed management and cover cropping practices had no significant quantitative effect on bacterial populations. Qualitatively, however, bacterial populations were altered as a function of cover crop and weed management practices. The grapevine rhizosphere bacterial populations were greater than populations in the row middles bulk soil during the grape root flush in the spring. During harvest and dormancy, bulk soil bacterial populations were greater in the rows than on the berm (P < 0.05). The nematode community in the row middles was significantly affected by both weed management and cover crop practices. In the berm, nematodes were not affected quantitatively or qualitatively under the six management regimes. Moreover, the nematode community of the berm was different from that found in the row. These data suggest changes in the microbial community in the row do not influence the microbial community of the berm where the roots of the vine are concentrated. JF - Phytopathology AU - Parker AU - Kluepfel, DA AD - USDA-ARS, Davis, CA, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Environment Abstracts KW - Vineyards KW - Weeds KW - Rhizosphere KW - Roots KW - rhizosphere KW - Vines KW - Crops KW - attitudes KW - Soil microorganisms KW - Soil KW - Vigor KW - nematodes KW - vines KW - USA, California KW - Dormancy KW - Nematoda KW - Bacteria KW - Plant diseases KW - Data processing KW - weed control KW - valleys KW - Vegetation KW - Cover crops KW - vineyards KW - Vitaceae KW - ENA 06:Food & Drugs KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20186929?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Temporal+and+spatial+effects+of+long-term+floor+management+on+the+bacterial+and+nematode+communities+in+a+Salinas+Valley%2C+California+grape+vineyard&rft.au=Parker%3BKluepfel%2C+DA&rft.aulast=Parker&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S185&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Vineyards; Weeds; Plant diseases; Data processing; Rhizosphere; Roots; Vegetation; Cover crops; Vines; Soil microorganisms; Soil; Vigor; Dormancy; weed control; nematodes; valleys; vines; vineyards; rhizosphere; attitudes; Crops; Bacteria; Vitaceae; Nematoda; USA, California ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genomic Analyses of the Microsporidian Nosema ceranae, an Emergent Pathogen of Honey Bees AN - 20181455; 10083365 AB - Recent steep declines in honey bee health have severely impacted the beekeeping industry, presenting new risks for agricultural commodities that depend on insect pollination. Honey bee declines could reflect increased pressures from parasites and pathogens. The incidence of the microsporidian pathogen Nosema ceranae has increased significantly in the past decade. Here we present a draft assembly (7.86 MB) of the N. ceranae genome derived from pyrosequence data, including initial gene models and genomic comparisons with other members of this highly derived fungal lineage. N. ceranae has a strongly AT-biased genome (74% A+T) and a diversity of repetitive elements, complicating the assembly. Of 2,614 predicted protein-coding sequences, we conservatively estimate that 1,366 have homologs in the microsporidian Encephalitozoon cuniculi, the most closely related published genome sequence. We identify genes conserved among microsporidia that lack clear homology outside this group, which are of special interest as potential virulence factors in this group of obligate parasites. A substantial fraction of the diminutive N. ceranae proteome consists of novel and transposable-element proteins. For a majority of well-supported gene models, a conserved sense-strand motif can be found within 15 bases upstream of the start codon; a previously uncharacterized version of this motif is also present in E. cuniculi. These comparisons provide insight into the architecture, regulation, and evolution of microsporidian genomes, and will drive investigations into honey beeaNosema interactions. Author Summary Honey bee colonies are in decline in many parts of the world, in part due to pressures from a diverse assemblage of parasites and pathogens. The range and prevalence of the microsporidian pathogen Nosema ceranae has increased significantly in the past decade. Here we describe the N. ceranae genome, presenting genome traits, gene models and regulatory motifs. N. ceranae has an extremely reduced and AT-biased genome, yet one with substantial numbers of repetitive elements. We identify novel genes that appear to be conserved among microsporidia but undetected outside this phylum, which are of special interest as potential virulence factors for these obligate pathogens. A previously unrecognized motif is found upstream of many start codons and likely plays a role in gene regulation across the microsporidia. These and other comparisons provide insight into the architecture, regulation, and evolution of microsporidian genomes, and provide the first genetic tools for understanding how this pathogen interacts with honey bee hosts. JF - PLoS Pathogens AU - Cornman, RScott AU - Chen, Yan Ping AU - Schatz, Michael C AU - Street, Craig AU - Zhao, Yan AU - Desany, Brian AU - Egholm, Michael AU - Hutchison, Stephen AU - Pettis, Jeffery S AU - Lipkin, WIan AU - Evans, Jay D AU - Andrianopoulos, Alex AD - USDA-ARS Bee Research Lab, Beltsville, Maryland, United States of America Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1 PB - Public Library of Science, 185 Berry Street San Francisco CA 94107 USA VL - 5 IS - 6 SN - 1553-7366, 1553-7366 KW - Entomology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Pollination KW - Genomes KW - Parasites KW - Data processing KW - virulence factors KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Nosema KW - Apis mellifera KW - Pathogens KW - Models KW - microsporidia KW - Colonies KW - Microsporidia KW - Homology KW - Gene regulation KW - Genomic analysis KW - Codons KW - Encephalitozoon cuniculi KW - Pressure KW - Evolution KW - J 02410:Animal Diseases KW - K 03410:Animal Diseases KW - Z 05360:Genetics and Evolution KW - G 07780:Fungi UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20181455?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PLoS+Pathogens&rft.atitle=Genomic+Analyses+of+the+Microsporidian+Nosema+ceranae%2C+an+Emergent+Pathogen+of+Honey+Bees&rft.au=Cornman%2C+RScott%3BChen%2C+Yan+Ping%3BSchatz%2C+Michael+C%3BStreet%2C+Craig%3BZhao%2C+Yan%3BDesany%2C+Brian%3BEgholm%2C+Michael%3BHutchison%2C+Stephen%3BPettis%2C+Jeffery+S%3BLipkin%2C+WIan%3BEvans%2C+Jay+D%3BAndrianopoulos%2C+Alex&rft.aulast=Cornman&rft.aufirst=RScott&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=e1000466&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=PLoS+Pathogens&rft.issn=15537366&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371%2Fjournal.ppat.1000466 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Pollination; Parasites; Data processing; virulence factors; Nucleotide sequence; Pathogens; Models; microsporidia; Colonies; Homology; Gene regulation; Genomic analysis; Codons; Pressure; Evolution; Microsporidia; Nosema; Apis mellifera; Encephalitozoon cuniculi DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1000466 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Advances in microbial ecology and farming systems as a replacement for methyl bromide to manage soil borne diseases AN - 20142879; 10272266 AB - Several unrelated developments have contributed to an undercurrent of renewed interest in biologically based approaches for managing soil borne diseases in crop production systems traditionally reliant upon methyl bromide soil fumigation. From a commodity perspective, difficulties competing in global markets when production costs remain local have led to the examination of value added products such as certified organic or pesticide free. Concomitantly, increased regulatory pressure restricting the application of broad spectrum soil fumigants has raised doubts over their long-term availability. From a scientific perspective, advances in the technology and methods used to delineate microbial communities (genomic fingerprinting) and in the nonparametric multivariate statistical methods used to characterize their community structure and link them to environmental variables have made microbial ecology studies more accessible to applied plant pathologists. From an individual farming system perspective, advances in GPS technology used to mark and track discrete field locations coupled with the increasing use of locally generated organic soil amendments has created new opportunities to implement and monitor field experiments jointly with grower cooperators. Many challenges remain including the linkage of soil microbial community attributes to ecosystem function within the context of plant disease suppression. JF - Phytopathology AU - Chellemi, DO AD - USDA, ARS, U.S. Horticultural Research Laboratory, Fort Pierce, FL, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Environment Abstracts KW - Plant diseases KW - Statistics KW - Fumigants KW - organic soils KW - crop production KW - Soil amendment KW - Fumigation KW - Soil microorganisms KW - Soil KW - soil borne diseases KW - Ecology KW - Fingerprinting KW - Community structure KW - Crop production systems KW - Pesticides KW - Plant communities KW - genomics KW - Methyl bromide KW - Pressure KW - Technology KW - ENA 06:Food & Drugs KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20142879?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Advances+in+microbial+ecology+and+farming+systems+as+a+replacement+for+methyl+bromide+to+manage+soil+borne+diseases&rft.au=Chellemi%2C+DO&rft.aulast=Chellemi&rft.aufirst=DO&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S173&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Plant diseases; Statistics; Fumigants; Fumigation; Soil amendment; Soil microorganisms; Fingerprinting; Community structure; Crop production systems; Pesticides; Plant communities; Methyl bromide; genomics; Pressure; Ecology; soil borne diseases; Soil; organic soils; crop production; Technology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Efficacy of chlorine, acidic electrolyzed water and aqueous chlorine dioxide solutions to decontaminate Escherichia coli O157:H7 from lettuce leaves AN - 20108607; 10245482 AB - This study compared the efficacy of chlorine (20-200 ppm), acidic electrolyzed water (50 ppm chlorine, pH 2.6), acidified sodium chlorite (20-200 ppm chlorite ion concentration, Sanova), and aqueous chlorine dioxide (20-200 ppm chlorite ion concentration, TriNova) washes in reducing populations of Escherichia coli O157:H7 on artificially inoculated lettuce. Fresh-cut leaves of Romaine or Iceberg lettuce were inoculated by immersion in water containing E. coli O157:H7 (8 log CFU/ml) for 5 min and dried in a salad spinner. Leaves (25 g) were then washed for 2 min, immediately or following 24 h of storage at 4 C. The washing treatments containing chlorite ion concentrations of 100 and 200 ppm were the most effective against E. coli O157:H7 populations on Iceberg lettuce, with log reductions as high as 1.25 log CFU/g and 1.05 log CFU/g for TriNova and Sanova wash treatments, respectively. All other wash treatments resulted in population reductions of less than 1 log CFU/g. Chlorine (200 ppm), TriNova, Sanova, and acidic electrolyzed water were all equally effective against E. coli O157:H7 on Romaine, with log reductions of 6 1 log CFU/g. The 20 ppm chlorine wash was as effective as the deionized water wash in reducing populations of E. coli O157:H7 on Romaine and Iceberg lettuce. Scanning electron microscopy indicated that E. coli O157:H7 that was incorporated into biofilms or located in damage lettuce tissue remained on the lettuce leaf, while individual cells on undamaged leaf surfaces were more likely to be washed away. JF - International Journal of Food Microbiology AU - Keskinen, Lindsey A AU - Burke, Angela AU - Annous, Bassam A AD - Food Safety Intervention Technologies Research Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038-8598, United States, bassam.annous@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 134 EP - 140 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 132 IS - 2-3 SN - 0168-1605, 0168-1605 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Biofilms KW - Escherichia coli KW - Chlorine KW - J 02320:Cell Biology KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20108607?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Food+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Efficacy+of+chlorine%2C+acidic+electrolyzed+water+and+aqueous+chlorine+dioxide+solutions+to+decontaminate+Escherichia+coli+O157%3AH7+from+lettuce+leaves&rft.au=Keskinen%2C+Lindsey+A%3BBurke%2C+Angela%3BAnnous%2C+Bassam+A&rft.aulast=Keskinen&rft.aufirst=Lindsey&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=132&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=134&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Food+Microbiology&rft.issn=01681605&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ijfoodmicro.2009.04.006 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chlorine; Escherichia coli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2009.04.006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - HLB diagnosis AN - 20102047; 10272167 AB - Initial diagnosis of huanglongbing is based on symptoms of phloem dysfunction, which can be caused by diseases and disorders other than huanglongbing. Diagnosis of huanglongbing must be confirmed by PCR testing. Both standard format and real-time PCR tests are available, most based on the 16S RNA gene or the rRNA operon. PCR products are sequenced for final diagnostic confirmation. Several species of Ca. Liberibacter have been identified from citrus, and these can be differentiated on the basis of these tests. A difficult challenge in PCR-based diagnosis is the collection of the samples from the tree. Symptomatic mature leaves are preferred, although even in trees with established infections, the distribution and titer of the pathogen can be erratic. For this reason multiple leaf samples should be collected, and if huanglongbing is suspected, negative tests should be repeated. Although hundreds of real-time PCR tests can be completed in a day, extraction of DNA in quantity and quality from midribs or petioles for PCR testing is very laborious and determines the rate at which samples can be tested. Judgment is required in the review of PCR test data. A 'positive' result with a high Ct value may be valid or may result from laboratory contamination. Negative controls and internal controls for DNA quality are both essential. As with any test, lab-to-lab variation exists. Ultimately the results must be interpreted with the sample source and test purpose in mind. JF - Phytopathology AU - Hartung, J AD - USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD, USA Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 1 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 USA, [URL:http://www.apsnet.org/phyto/top.asp] VL - 99 IS - 6 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Environment Abstracts KW - Citrus KW - Data processing KW - Contamination KW - Trees KW - Leaves KW - Pathogens KW - Infection KW - rRNA KW - Diseases and disorders KW - Reviews KW - DNA KW - infection KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Phloem KW - Operons KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20102047?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=HLB+diagnosis&rft.au=Hartung%2C+J&rft.aulast=Hartung&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - rRNA; Data processing; Contamination; Reviews; Leaves; Polymerase chain reaction; Phloem; Pathogens; Infection; Operons; Diseases and disorders; Trees; infection; DNA; Citrus ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pollinators of the Rocky Mountain columbine: temporal variation, functional groups and associations with floral traits AN - 20074818; 10082273 AB - Background and Aims Pollinators together with other biotic and some abiotic factors can select for floral traits. However, variation in pollinator abundance over time and space can weaken such selection. In the present study, the variation in pollinator abundance over time and space was examined in populations of the Rocky Mountain columbine. The variation in three floral traits is described and correlations between pollinator type, functional pollinator groups or altitude and floral traits are examined.Methods Pollinator observations took place in six Aquilegia coerulea populations over 1-4 years and spur length, flower colour and sepal length were measured in 12 populations. Pollinator abundance, measured as visits per flower per hour, was compared among populations and years. Pollinators were grouped into two functional groups: pollen or nectar collectors. The following associations were examined: annual presence of hawkmoths and whiter flowers with longer spurs; the presence of Sphinx vashti and longer spurs; and higher altitudes and whiter flowers. The study looked at whether an increase in the proportion of hawkmoths in a population was associated with whiter and larger flowers with longer spurs.Key Results The abundance of different pollinator groups varied over time and space. Floral traits varied among populations. Higher altitude was correlated with bluer flowers. Whiter flowers were associated with the annual presence of hawkmoths. Populations visited by Sphinx vashti had longer spurs than populations visited only by Hyles lineata. Populations with greater percentage of nectar-collecting pollinators did not have whiter, larger flowers with longer spurs.Conclusions Despite the large variation in pollinator abundance over time and space, one species of bumble-bee or hawkmoth tended to predominate in each population each year. Future studies of Aquilegia coerulea should examine the specific influences of pollinators and the environment on flower colour and of hawkmoth species on spur length. JF - Annals of Botany AU - Brunet, Johanne AD - USDA-ARS VCRU, Department of Horticulture, 1575 Linden Drive , University of Wisconsin , Madison, WI 53706 , USA,; Johanne.Brunet@ars.usda.gov] jbrunet@wisc.edu Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1567 EP - 1578 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP UK VL - 103 IS - 9 SN - 0305-7364, 0305-7364 KW - Animal Behavior Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Aquilegia coerulea KW - columbine KW - pollinator abundance KW - bumble-bee KW - hawkmoth, flower colour KW - spur length KW - functional pollinator group KW - altitude KW - floral trait KW - Flowers KW - Temporal variations KW - Abundance KW - Pollen KW - Sphinx KW - sepals KW - Mountains KW - Altitude KW - Pollinators KW - Hyles KW - Abiotic factors KW - Y 25040:Behavioral Ecology KW - Z 05340:Ecology and Behavior KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20074818?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+Botany&rft.atitle=Pollinators+of+the+Rocky+Mountain+columbine%3A+temporal+variation%2C+functional+groups+and+associations+with+floral+traits&rft.au=Brunet%2C+Johanne&rft.aulast=Brunet&rft.aufirst=Johanne&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1567&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+Botany&rft.issn=03057364&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Faob%2Fmcp096 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mountains; Altitude; Flowers; Temporal variations; Pollinators; Abundance; Pollen; sepals; Abiotic factors; Aquilegia coerulea; Hyles; Sphinx DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcp096 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pollinator visitation patterns strongly influence among-flower variation in selfing rate AN - 20074737; 10082260 AB - Background and Aims Adjacent flowers on Mimulus ringens floral displays often vary markedly in selfing rate. We hypothesized that this fine-scale variation in mating system reflects the tendency of bumble-bee pollinators to probe several flowers consecutively on multiflower displays. When a pollinator approaches a display, the first flower probed is likely to receive substantial outcross pollen. However, since pollen carryover in this species is limited, receipt of self pollen should increase rapidly for later flowers. Here the first direct experimental test of this hypothesis is described.Methods In order to link floral visitation sequences with selfing rates of individual flowers, replicate linear arrays were established, each composed of plants with unique genetic markers. This facilitated unambiguous assignment of paternity to all sampled progeny. A single wild bumble-bee was permitted to forage on each linear array, recording the order of floral visits on each display. Once fruits had matured, 120 fruits were harvested (four flowers from each of five floral displays in each of six arrays). Twenty-five seedlings from each fruit were genotyped and paternity was unambiguously assigned to all 3000 genotyped progeny.Key Results The order of pollinator probes on Mimulus floral displays strongly and significantly influenced selfing rates of individual fruits. Mean selfing rates increased from 21 % for initial probes to 78 % for the fourth flower probed on each display.Conclusions Striking among-flower differences in selfing rate result from increased deposition of geitonogamous (among-flower, within-display) self pollen as bumble-bees probe consecutive flowers on each floral display. The resulting heterogeneity in the genetic composition of sibships may influence seedling competition and the expression of inbreeding depression. JF - Annals of Botany AU - Karron, Jeffrey D AU - Holmquist, Karsten G AU - Flanagan, Rebecca J AU - Mitchell, Randall J AD - 2 USDA Agriculture Research Service, Vegetable Crops Research Unit, Department of Horticulture , University of Wisconsin-Madison , WI 53706 , USA, karron@uwm.edu Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 1379 EP - 1383 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP UK VL - 103 IS - 9 SN - 0305-7364, 0305-7364 KW - Entomology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Autogamy KW - bee KW - Bombus fervidus KW - floral display KW - geitonogamy KW - mating system KW - monkeyflower KW - Mimulus ringens KW - paternity analysis KW - pollen carryover KW - pollinator visitation sequence KW - self-fertilization KW - Fruits KW - Mating KW - Flowers KW - Mimulus KW - Pollinators KW - Paternity KW - Probes KW - Self KW - Seedlings KW - Pollen KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Z 05360:Genetics and Evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20074737?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+Botany&rft.atitle=Pollinator+visitation+patterns+strongly+influence+among-flower+variation+in+selfing+rate&rft.au=Karron%2C+Jeffrey+D%3BHolmquist%2C+Karsten+G%3BFlanagan%2C+Rebecca+J%3BMitchell%2C+Randall+J&rft.aulast=Karron&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1379&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+Botany&rft.issn=03057364&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Faob%2Fmcp030 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mating; Fruits; Flowers; Pollinators; Paternity; Probes; Self; Seedlings; Pollen; Mimulus ringens; Mimulus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcp030 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A rapid and simple procedure for the depletion of abundant storage proteins from legume seeds to advance proteome analysis: A case study using Glycine max AN - 20069037; 10061928 AB - 2-D analysis of plant proteomes containing thousands of proteins has limited dynamic resolution because only abundant proteins can be detected. Proteomic assessment of the non-abundant proteins within seeds is difficult when 60-80% is storage proteins. Resolution can be improved through sample fractionation using separation techniques based upon different physiological or biochemical principles. We have developed a fast and simple fractionation technique using 10 mM Ca2+ to precipitate soybean (Glycine max) seed storage globulins, glycinin and -conglycinin. This method removes 87±4% of the highly abundant seed proteins from the extract, allowing for 541 previously inconspicuous proteins present in soybean seed to be more detectable (volume increase of 50%) using fluorescent detection. Of those 541 enhanced spots, 197 increased more than 2.5-fold when visualized with Coomassie. The majority of those spots were isolated and identified using peptide mass fingerprinting. Fractionation also provided detection of 63 new phosphorylated protein spots and enhanced the visibility of 15 phosphorylated protein spots, using 2-D electrophoretic separation and an in-gel phosphoprotein stain. Application of this methodology toward other legumes, such as peanut, bean, pea, alfalfa and others, also containing high amounts of storage proteins, was examined, and is reported here. JF - Proteomics AU - Krishnan, Hari B AU - Oehrle, Nathan W AU - Natarajan, Savithiry S AD - Plant Genetics Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Columbia, MO, USA, Hari.Krishnan@usda.ars.gov Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 3174 EP - 3188 PB - Wiley-VCH, Postfach 101161 Weinheim 69451 Germany, [mailto:info@wiley-vch.de], [URL:http://www.wiley-vch.de/publish/en/] VL - 9 IS - 11 SN - 1615-9853, 1615-9853 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Arachis hypogaea KW - Seeds KW - Calcium KW - Peptide mapping KW - Nuts KW - Globulins KW - storage proteins KW - Glycine max KW - Beans KW - Soybeans KW - Phosphoproteins KW - Legumes KW - Stain KW - proteomics KW - Separation techniques KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20069037?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proteomics&rft.atitle=A+rapid+and+simple+procedure+for+the+depletion+of+abundant+storage+proteins+from+legume+seeds+to+advance+proteome+analysis%3A+A+case+study+using+Glycine+max&rft.au=Krishnan%2C+Hari+B%3BOehrle%2C+Nathan+W%3BNatarajan%2C+Savithiry+S&rft.aulast=Krishnan&rft.aufirst=Hari&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=3174&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proteomics&rft.issn=16159853&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fpmic.200800875 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Seeds; Calcium; Peptide mapping; Nuts; Globulins; storage proteins; Beans; Soybeans; Phosphoproteins; Legumes; proteomics; Stain; Separation techniques; Arachis hypogaea; Glycine max DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pmic.200800875 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potent activity of a PK/PBAN analog with an (E)-alkene, trans-Pro mimic identifies the Pro orientation and core conformation during interaction with HevPBANR-C receptor AN - 20066976; 10067819 AB - The pyrokinin/pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide (PK/PBAN) family plays a multifunctional role in an array of important physiological processes in insects, including regulation of sex pheromone biosynthesis in moths. A cyclic PK/PBAN analog (cyclo[NTSFTPRL]) retains significant activity on the pheromonotropic HevPBANR receptor from the tobacco budworm Heliothis virescens expressed in CHO-K1 cells. Previous studies indicate that this rigid, cyclic analog adopts a type I [beta]-turn with a transPro over residues TPRL within the core PK/PBAN region. An analog containing an (E)-alkene, trans-Pro mimetic motif was synthesized, and upon evaluation on the HevPBANR receptor found to have an EC[sub]50 value that is not statistically different from a parent C-terminal PK/PBAN hexapeptide sequence. The results, in aggregate, provide strong evidence for the orientation of Pro and the core conformation of PK/PBAN neuropeptides during interaction with the expressed PBAN receptor. The work further identifies a novel scaffold with which to design mimetic PBAN analogs as potential leads in the development of environmentally favorable pest management agents capable of disrupting PK/PBAN-regulated pheromone signaling systems.. JF - Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry AU - Nachman, Ronald J AU - Kim, Young-Joon AU - Wang, Xiaodong J AU - Etzkorn, Felicia A AU - Kaczmarek, Krzysztof AU - Zabrocki, Janusz AU - Adams, Michael E AD - Areawide Pest Management Research, Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, USDA, 2881 F/B Road, College Station, TX 77845, USA, nachman@tamu.edu Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 4216 EP - 4220 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 17 IS - 12 SN - 0968-0896, 0968-0896 KW - Entomology Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Sex pheromone KW - pyrokinins KW - Tobacco KW - Pest control KW - Neuropeptides KW - Heliothis virescens KW - pheromone biosynthesis-activating neuropeptide KW - scaffolds KW - Conformation KW - Signal transduction KW - W 30910:Imaging KW - Z 05320:Physiology, Anatomy, and Biochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20066976?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioorganic+and+Medicinal+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Potent+activity+of+a+PK%2FPBAN+analog+with+an+%28E%29-alkene%2C+trans-Pro+mimic+identifies+the+Pro+orientation+and+core+conformation+during+interaction+with+HevPBANR-C+receptor&rft.au=Nachman%2C+Ronald+J%3BKim%2C+Young-Joon%3BWang%2C+Xiaodong+J%3BEtzkorn%2C+Felicia+A%3BKaczmarek%2C+Krzysztof%3BZabrocki%2C+Janusz%3BAdams%2C+Michael+E&rft.aulast=Nachman&rft.aufirst=Ronald&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=4216&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioorganic+and+Medicinal+Chemistry&rft.issn=09680896&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.bmc.2009.03.036 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sex pheromone; pyrokinins; Tobacco; Pest control; Neuropeptides; scaffolds; pheromone biosynthesis-activating neuropeptide; Signal transduction; Conformation; Heliothis virescens DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmc.2009.03.036 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Natural products in crop protection AN - 20063144; 10067804 AB - The tremendous increase in crop yields associated with the 'green' revolution has been possible in part by the discovery and utilization of chemicals for pest control. However, concerns over the potential impact of pesticides on human health and the environment has led to the introduction of new pesticide registration procedures, such as the Food Quality Protection Act in the United States. These new regulations have reduced the number of synthetic pesticides available in agriculture. Therefore, the current paradigm of relying almost exclusively on chemicals for pest control may need to be reconsidered. New pesticides, including natural product-based pesticides are being discovered and developed to replace the compounds lost due to the new registration requirements. This review covers the historical use of natural products in agricultural practices, the impact of natural products on the development of new pesticides, and the future prospects for natural products-based pest management.. JF - Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry AU - Dayan, Franck E AU - Cantrell, Charles L AU - Duke, Stephen O AD - Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, University, MS 38677, USA, fdayan@olemiss.edu Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - Jun 2009 SP - 4022 EP - 4034 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 17 IS - 12 SN - 0968-0896, 0968-0896 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Agriculture KW - Agricultural practices KW - Reviews KW - Pesticides KW - Crop protection KW - natural products KW - Pest control KW - Food quality KW - Crops KW - W 30910:Imaging UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20063144?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioorganic+and+Medicinal+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Natural+products+in+crop+protection&rft.au=Dayan%2C+Franck+E%3BCantrell%2C+Charles+L%3BDuke%2C+Stephen+O&rft.aulast=Dayan&rft.aufirst=Franck&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=4022&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioorganic+and+Medicinal+Chemistry&rft.issn=09680896&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.bmc.2009.01.046 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agriculture; Agricultural practices; Reviews; Pesticides; Crop protection; Pest control; natural products; Food quality; Crops DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmc.2009.01.046 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A climatic and taxonomic comparison between leaf litter and standing vegetation from a Florida swamp woodland AN - 1464885783; 2013-090851 AB - One method to determine past climate has been the use of leaf morphological characteristics of fossil leaves quantified using modern climate and canopy leaf characteristics. Fossil assemblages are composed of abscised leaves, and climate may be more accurately determined by using leaves from leaf litter instead of the canopy. To better understand whether taphonomic processes make a difference in this relationship, a north-central Florida woodland was sampled to determine the morphologically based climate estimates from these leaves. Leaves from woody, dicotyledonous plants were collected and identified, then compared using presence/absence data and analyzed using several linear regression equations and the CLAMP data set. Although the majority of standing vegetation was reflected in leaf litter, some inconsistencies were observed, which may reflect plant community structure or sampling technique. Mean annual temperature (MAT) and growing season precipitation (GSP) were estimated from leaf litter morphological characters and living leaves. Overall, values for MAT estimated from litter and living leaves were cooler than actual MATs, although several accurate and high estimates were obtained depending on the predictive method used. Estimated GSP values were higher than actual GSPs. Statistically, no difference was observed between MAT and GSP estimates derived from leaf litter vs. estimates derived from living leaves, with one exception. JF - American Journal of Botany AU - Dilcher, David L AU - Kowalski, Elizabeth A AU - Wiemann, Michael C AU - Hinojosa, Luis Felipe AU - Lott, Terry A Y1 - 2009/06// PY - 2009 DA - June 2009 SP - 1108 EP - 1115 PB - Botanical Society of America, St. Louis, MO VL - 96 IS - 6 SN - 0002-9122, 0002-9122 KW - United States KW - Spermatophyta KW - Plantae KW - modern analogs KW - mathematical models KW - leaves KW - paleoclimatology KW - Florida KW - Dicotyledoneae KW - Gainesville Florida KW - climate change KW - mires KW - swamps KW - Alachua County Florida KW - Angiospermae KW - 09:Paleobotany UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1464885783?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Botany&rft.atitle=A+climatic+and+taxonomic+comparison+between+leaf+litter+and+standing+vegetation+from+a+Florida+swamp+woodland&rft.au=Dilcher%2C+David+L%3BKowalski%2C+Elizabeth+A%3BWiemann%2C+Michael+C%3BHinojosa%2C+Luis+Felipe%3BLott%2C+Terry+A&rft.aulast=Dilcher&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.volume=96&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1108&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Botany&rft.issn=00029122&rft_id=info:doi/10.3732%2Fajb.0800361 L2 - http://www.jstor.org/journals/00029122.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - PubXState - MO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2013-12-05 N1 - CODEN - AJBOAA N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alachua County Florida; Angiospermae; climate change; Dicotyledoneae; Florida; Gainesville Florida; leaves; mathematical models; mires; modern analogs; paleoclimatology; Plantae; Spermatophyta; swamps; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3732/ajb.0800361 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Herbaria as Houses of Memory T2 - 50th Annual Meeting of the Society for Economic Botany AN - 42115638; 5136851 JF - 50th Annual Meeting of the Society for Economic Botany AU - Peterson, Julia Y1 - 2009/05/31/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 31 KW - Residential areas KW - Housing KW - Memory KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42115638?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=50th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Economic+Botany&rft.atitle=Herbaria+as+Houses+of+Memory&rft.au=Peterson%2C+Julia&rft.aulast=Peterson&rft.aufirst=Julia&rft.date=2009-05-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=50th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Economic+Botany&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.econbot.org/_organization_/index.php?sm=07|meetings_by_year /2009 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Evaluation of Achene Oil of Helianthus porteri for Fatty Acid Composition T2 - 50th Annual Meeting of the Society for Economic Botany AN - 42096235; 5136857 JF - 50th Annual Meeting of the Society for Economic Botany AU - Seiler, Gerald Y1 - 2009/05/31/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 31 KW - Oil KW - Fatty acid composition KW - Helianthus KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42096235?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=50th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Economic+Botany&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+Achene+Oil+of+Helianthus+porteri+for+Fatty+Acid+Composition&rft.au=Seiler%2C+Gerald&rft.aulast=Seiler&rft.aufirst=Gerald&rft.date=2009-05-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=50th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Economic+Botany&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.econbot.org/_organization_/index.php?sm=07|meetings_by_year /2009 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The use of botanical information in epidemiological studies T2 - 50th Annual Meeting of the Society for Economic Botany AN - 42096105; 5136819 JF - 50th Annual Meeting of the Society for Economic Botany AU - Peterson, Julia Y1 - 2009/05/31/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 31 KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42096105?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=50th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Economic+Botany&rft.atitle=The+use+of+botanical+information+in+epidemiological+studies&rft.au=Peterson%2C+Julia&rft.aulast=Peterson&rft.aufirst=Julia&rft.date=2009-05-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=50th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Economic+Botany&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.econbot.org/_organization_/07_annual_meetings/meetings_by_y ear/2009/pdfs/SEB2009Program.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Making chemical information in an ethnobotanical database useful T2 - 50th Annual Meeting of the Society for Economic Botany AN - 42095220; 5136852 JF - 50th Annual Meeting of the Society for Economic Botany AU - Peterson, Julia AU - Duke, James Y1 - 2009/05/31/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 31 KW - Databases KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42095220?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=50th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Economic+Botany&rft.atitle=Making+chemical+information+in+an+ethnobotanical+database+useful&rft.au=Peterson%2C+Julia%3BDuke%2C+James&rft.aulast=Peterson&rft.aufirst=Julia&rft.date=2009-05-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=50th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Economic+Botany&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.econbot.org/_organization_/index.php?sm=07|meetings_by_year /2009 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Multiresidue Analysis of Aminoglycoside Antibiotics Using Disposable Pipette Extraction and Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry T2 - 57th American Society for Mass Spectrometry Conference on Mass Spectrometry AN - 40373996; 5282382 JF - 57th American Society for Mass Spectrometry Conference on Mass Spectrometry AU - Mastovska, Katerina AU - Lightfield, Alan Y1 - 2009/05/31/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 31 KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - Antibiotics KW - Aminoglycoside antibiotics KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40373996?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=57th+American+Society+for+Mass+Spectrometry+Conference+on+Mass+Spectrometry&rft.atitle=Multiresidue+Analysis+of+Aminoglycoside+Antibiotics+Using+Disposable+Pipette+Extraction+and+Liquid+Chromatography-Tandem+Mass+Spectrometry&rft.au=Mastovska%2C+Katerina%3BLightfield%2C+Alan&rft.aulast=Mastovska&rft.aufirst=Katerina&rft.date=2009-05-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=57th+American+Society+for+Mass+Spectrometry+Conference+on+Mass+Spectrometry&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.asms.org/Default.aspx?tabid=47 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - PCA Analysis of MS spectroscopic Fingerprints to Differentiate Skullcap (Scutellaria lateriflora) from Germanders (Teucrium canadense, T. chamaedrys) T2 - 57th American Society for Mass Spectrometry Conference on Mass Spectrometry AN - 40368756; 5282407 JF - 57th American Society for Mass Spectrometry Conference on Mass Spectrometry AU - Chen, Pei AU - Song, Fenhong AU - Harnly, James AU - Lin, Longze Y1 - 2009/05/31/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 31 KW - Teucrium canadense KW - Scutellaria lateriflora KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40368756?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=57th+American+Society+for+Mass+Spectrometry+Conference+on+Mass+Spectrometry&rft.atitle=PCA+Analysis+of+MS+spectroscopic+Fingerprints+to+Differentiate+Skullcap+%28Scutellaria+lateriflora%29+from+Germanders+%28Teucrium+canadense%2C+T.+chamaedrys%29&rft.au=Chen%2C+Pei%3BSong%2C+Fenhong%3BHarnly%2C+James%3BLin%2C+Longze&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Pei&rft.date=2009-05-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=57th+American+Society+for+Mass+Spectrometry+Conference+on+Mass+Spectrometry&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.asms.org/Default.aspx?tabid=47 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Maldi-Tof/Tof Analysis of Sugar Beet Pectin-Protein Complex T2 - 57th American Society for Mass Spectrometry Conference on Mass Spectrometry AN - 40368406; 5281320 JF - 57th American Society for Mass Spectrometry Conference on Mass Spectrometry AU - Nunez, Alberto AU - Fishman, Marshall AU - Fortis, Laurie AU - Chau, Hoa Y1 - 2009/05/31/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 31 KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40368406?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=57th+American+Society+for+Mass+Spectrometry+Conference+on+Mass+Spectrometry&rft.atitle=Maldi-Tof%2FTof+Analysis+of+Sugar+Beet+Pectin-Protein+Complex&rft.au=Nunez%2C+Alberto%3BFishman%2C+Marshall%3BFortis%2C+Laurie%3BChau%2C+Hoa&rft.aulast=Nunez&rft.aufirst=Alberto&rft.date=2009-05-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=57th+American+Society+for+Mass+Spectrometry+Conference+on+Mass+Spectrometry&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.asms.org/Default.aspx?tabid=47 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Comparison of SCX and OGE Fractionation Approaches in Quantitative Shotgun Analysis of iTRAQ labeled Arabidopsis Plant Extracts T2 - 57th American Society for Mass Spectrometry Conference on Mass Spectrometry AN - 40364370; 5281440 JF - 57th American Society for Mass Spectrometry Conference on Mass Spectrometry AU - Yang, Yong AU - Zhou, Xiangjun AU - Li, Li AU - Zhang, Sheng AU - Thannhauser, Theodore Y1 - 2009/05/31/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 31 KW - Fractionation KW - Plant extracts KW - Arabidopsis KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40364370?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=57th+American+Society+for+Mass+Spectrometry+Conference+on+Mass+Spectrometry&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+SCX+and+OGE+Fractionation+Approaches+in+Quantitative+Shotgun+Analysis+of+iTRAQ+labeled+Arabidopsis+Plant+Extracts&rft.au=Yang%2C+Yong%3BZhou%2C+Xiangjun%3BLi%2C+Li%3BZhang%2C+Sheng%3BThannhauser%2C+Theodore&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Yong&rft.date=2009-05-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=57th+American+Society+for+Mass+Spectrometry+Conference+on+Mass+Spectrometry&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.asms.org/Default.aspx?tabid=47 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Correlation of ms2 and ms3 Pairs for Phosphoprotein Identification T2 - 57th American Society for Mass Spectrometry Conference on Mass Spectrometry AN - 40360463; 5282706 JF - 57th American Society for Mass Spectrometry Conference on Mass Spectrometry AU - Cooper, Bret Y1 - 2009/05/31/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 31 KW - Phosphoproteins KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40360463?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=57th+American+Society+for+Mass+Spectrometry+Conference+on+Mass+Spectrometry&rft.atitle=Correlation+of+ms2+and+ms3+Pairs+for+Phosphoprotein+Identification&rft.au=Cooper%2C+Bret&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=Bret&rft.date=2009-05-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=57th+American+Society+for+Mass+Spectrometry+Conference+on+Mass+Spectrometry&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.asms.org/Default.aspx?tabid=47 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Rapid Identification of E. coli O157:H7 by "Top-Down" Proteomics Using MALDI-TOF/TOF Mass Spectrometry T2 - 57th American Society for Mass Spectrometry Conference on Mass Spectrometry AN - 40357239; 5280565 JF - 57th American Society for Mass Spectrometry Conference on Mass Spectrometry AU - Fagerquist, Clifton AU - Garbus, Brandon AU - Williams, Katherine AU - Bates, Anna AU - Boyle, Siobhan AU - Harden, Leslie AU - Miller, William AU - Mandrell, Robert Y1 - 2009/05/31/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 31 KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - Proteomics KW - Escherichia coli KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40357239?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=57th+American+Society+for+Mass+Spectrometry+Conference+on+Mass+Spectrometry&rft.atitle=Rapid+Identification+of+E.+coli+O157%3AH7+by+%22Top-Down%22+Proteomics+Using+MALDI-TOF%2FTOF+Mass+Spectrometry&rft.au=Fagerquist%2C+Clifton%3BGarbus%2C+Brandon%3BWilliams%2C+Katherine%3BBates%2C+Anna%3BBoyle%2C+Siobhan%3BHarden%2C+Leslie%3BMiller%2C+William%3BMandrell%2C+Robert&rft.aulast=Fagerquist&rft.aufirst=Clifton&rft.date=2009-05-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=57th+American+Society+for+Mass+Spectrometry+Conference+on+Mass+Spectrometry&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.asms.org/Default.aspx?tabid=47 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Management of antibiotic residues from agricultural sources: use of composting to reduce chlortetracycline residues in beef manure from treated animals. AN - 67050897; 18829164 AB - Chlortetracycline (CTC) is one of only ten antibiotics licensed in the U.S.A. for use as growth promoters for livestock. The widespread use and persistence of CTC may contribute in development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of composting on the fate of CTC residues found in manure from medicated animals. The effect of CTC residues on composting was also investigated. Five beef calves were medicated for 5 days with 22 mg/kg/day of CTC. Manure samples collected from calves prior to and after medication were mixed with straw and woodchips, and aliquots of the subsequent mixtures were treated in laboratory composters for 30 days. In addition, aliquots of the CTC-containing mixture were incubated at 25 degrees C or sterilized followed by incubation at 25 degrees C and 55 degrees C (composting temperature). The presence of CTC did not appear to affect the composting process. Concentrations of CTC/ECTC (the summed concentrations of CTC and its epimer ECTC) in the composted mixture (CM) and sterilized mixture incubated at 55 degrees C (SM55) decreased 99% and 98% (from 113 microg/g dry weight (DW) to 0.7 microg/g DW and 2.0 microg/g DW), respectively, in 30 days. In contrast, levels of CTC/ECTC in room temperature incubated (RTIM) and sterilized mixture incubated at 25 degrees C (SM25) decreased 49% and 40% (to 58 microg/g DW and 68 microg/g DW), respectively, after 30 days. Concentrations of the CTC metabolite, iso-chlortetracycline (ICTC), in CM and SM55 decreased more than 99% (from 12 microg/g DW to below quantitation limit of 0.3 microg/g DW) in 30 days. ICTC levels in RTIM and SM25 decreased 80% (to 4 microg/g DW) in 30 days. These results confirm and extend those from previous studies that show the increased loss of extractable CTC residues with increased time and incubation temperature. In addition, our results using sterile and non-sterile samples suggest that the decrease in concentrations of extractable CTC/ECTC at 25 degrees C and 55 degrees C (composting temperature) is due to abiotic processes. JF - Journal of hazardous materials AU - Arikan, Osman A AU - Mulbry, Walter AU - Rice, Clifford AD - USDA-ARS, Environmental Management and Byproduct Utilization Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA. arikan@itu.edu.tr Y1 - 2009/05/30/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 30 SP - 483 EP - 489 VL - 164 IS - 2-3 KW - Agrochemicals KW - 0 KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents KW - Manure KW - Soil KW - Chlortetracycline KW - WCK1KIQ23Q KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cattle KW - Methods KW - Agrochemicals -- isolation & purification KW - Drug Residues -- isolation & purification KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents -- isolation & purification KW - Chlortetracycline -- isolation & purification UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67050897?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+hazardous+materials&rft.atitle=Management+of+antibiotic+residues+from+agricultural+sources%3A+use+of+composting+to+reduce+chlortetracycline+residues+in+beef+manure+from+treated+animals.&rft.au=Arikan%2C+Osman+A%3BMulbry%2C+Walter%3BRice%2C+Clifford&rft.aulast=Arikan&rft.aufirst=Osman&rft.date=2009-05-30&rft.volume=164&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=483&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+hazardous+materials&rft.issn=1873-3336&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jhazmat.2008.08.019 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-05-18 N1 - Date created - 2009-03-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.08.019 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A review of mitigation measures for reducing wildlife mortality on roadways AN - 20483862; 9176667 AB - A growing literature in the field of road ecology suggests that vehicle/wildlife collisions are important to biologists and transportation officials alike. Roads can affect the quality and quantity of available wildlife habitat, most notably through fragmentation. Likewise, vehicular traffic on roads can be direct sources of wildlife mortality and in some instances, can be catastrophic to populations. Thus, connectivity of habitat and permeability of road systems are important factors to consider when developing road mortality mitigation systems. There are a variety of approaches that can be used to reduce the effects of roads and road mortality on wildlife populations. Here, we briefly review wildlife-crossing structures, summarize previous wildlife road mortality mitigation studies, describe common mitigation measures, and discuss factors that influence the overall effectiveness of mitigation strategies. Because there are very few road mortality studies ''before'' and ''after'' the installation of wildlife-crossing structures, their efficiency is nearly impossible to evaluate. However, simple and relatively inexpensive measures reviewed herein can almost certainly reduce the number of collisions between wildlife and automobiles. JF - Landscape and Urban Planning AU - Glista, D J AU - DeVault, T L AU - DeWoody, JA AD - Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center, 5757 Sneller Road, Brewerton, NY 13029, USA, Travis.L.DeVault@aphis.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/05/30/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 30 SP - 1 EP - 7 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 91 IS - 1 SN - 0169-2046, 0169-2046 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Mortality KW - Motor vehicles KW - Wildlife KW - Landscape KW - biologists KW - Habitat KW - Urban planning KW - Ecology KW - Permeability KW - mitigation KW - traffic KW - Transportation KW - Reviews KW - Planning KW - Highways KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20483862?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Landscape+and+Urban+Planning&rft.atitle=A+review+of+mitigation+measures+for+reducing+wildlife+mortality+on+roadways&rft.au=Glista%2C+D+J%3BDeVault%2C+T+L%3BDeWoody%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Glista&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2009-05-30&rft.volume=91&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Landscape+and+Urban+Planning&rft.issn=01692046&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.landurbplan.2008.11.001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Permeability; Mortality; Motor vehicles; Reviews; Planning; Landscape; Wildlife; Habitat; biologists; Ecology; Urban planning; mitigation; Transportation; traffic; Highways DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2008.11.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Decision support tools to improve the effectiveness of hazardous fuel reduction treatments in the New Jersey Pine Barrens AN - 954582536; 13812248 AB - Our goal is to assist the New Jersey Forest Fire Service and federal wildland fire managers in the New Jersey Pine Barrens evaluate where and when to conduct hazardous fuel reduction treatments. We used remotely sensed LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging System) data and field sampling to estimate fuel loads and consumption during prescribed fire treatments. This information was integrated with data on prescribed fire treatments conducted by the New Jersey Forest Fire Service over the last 15 years to produce and interpret maps of current fuel loads. Forest productivity measurements and models were then used to estimate rates of fuel accumulation through time. We could then calculate return intervals for desired fuel load conditions. Through formal workshops and frequent discussions with state and federal fire managers, our results enhance the ability of these agencies to make key decisions regarding the effectiveness and longevity of hazardous fuels treatments. JF - International Journal of Wildland Fire AU - Clark, Kenneth L AU - Skowronski, Nicholas AU - Hom, John AU - Duveneck, Matthew AU - Pan, Yude AU - Van Tuyl, Stephen AU - Cole, Jason AU - Patterson, Matthew AU - Maurer, Stephen AD - Silas Little Experimental Forest and Northern Global Change Program, USDA Forest Service, Newtown Square, PA 19073, USA, kennethclark@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2009/05/28/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 28 SP - 268 EP - 277 PB - CSIRO Publishing, PO Box 1139 Collingwood Vic. 3066 Australia VL - 18 IS - 3 SN - 1049-8001, 1049-8001 KW - Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Fires KW - USA, New Jersey KW - Forest fires KW - Fuels KW - Decision support systems KW - Lidar KW - wildland fire KW - forest productivity KW - longevity KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 08:International UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/954582536?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Wildland+Fire&rft.atitle=Decision+support+tools+to+improve+the+effectiveness+of+hazardous+fuel+reduction+treatments+in+the+New+Jersey+Pine+Barrens&rft.au=Clark%2C+Kenneth+L%3BSkowronski%2C+Nicholas%3BHom%2C+John%3BDuveneck%2C+Matthew%3BPan%2C+Yude%3BVan+Tuyl%2C+Stephen%3BCole%2C+Jason%3BPatterson%2C+Matthew%3BMaurer%2C+Stephen&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=Kenneth&rft.date=2009-05-28&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=268&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Wildland+Fire&rft.issn=10498001&rft_id=info:doi/10.1071%2FWF08080 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fires; wildland fire; Forest fires; forest productivity; Decision support systems; Fuels; Lidar; longevity; USA, New Jersey DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/WF08080 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Smoke incursions into urban areas: simulation of a Georgia prescribed burn AN - 899132375; 13812250 AB - This study investigates smoke incursion into urban areas by examining a prescribed burn in central Georgia, USA, on 28 February 2007. Simulations were conducted with a regional modeling framework to understand transport, dispersion, and structure of smoke plumes, the air quality effects, sensitivity to emissions, and the roles of burn management strategy in mitigating the effects. The results indicate that smoke plumes first went west, but turned north-west at noon owing to a shift in wind direction. The smoke then invaded metropolitan Atlanta during the evening rush hour. The plumes caused severe air quality problems in Atlanta. Some hourly ground PM sub(2.5) (particulate matter not greater than 2.5 km in diameter) concentrations at three metropolitan Atlanta locations were three to four times as high as the daily (24-h) US National Ambient Air Quality Standard. The simulated shift in the smoke transport direction and the resultant effects on air quality are supported by the satellite and ambient air measurements. Two sensitivity simulations indicate a nearly linear relation between the emission intensities and PM sub(2.5) concentrations. Two other simulations indicate that the impacts on air quality for the residents of Atlanta during the evening commute could have been reduced if the starting time of the burn had been altered. JF - International Journal of Wildland Fire AU - Liu, Yongqiang AU - Goodrick, Scott AU - Achtemeier, Gary AU - Jackson, William A AU - Qu, John J AU - Wang, Wanting AD - Center for Forest Disturbance Sciences, USDA Forest Service, Forestry Sciences Laboratory, 320 Green St, Athens, GA 30602, USA, yliu@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2009/05/28/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 28 SP - 336 EP - 348 PB - CSIRO Publishing, PO Box 1139 Collingwood Vic. 3066 Australia VL - 18 IS - 3 SN - 1049-8001, 1049-8001 KW - Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Burns KW - Particle size KW - Sensitivity KW - Simulation KW - Air quality KW - Smoke KW - Emissions KW - USA, Georgia, Atlanta KW - Plumes KW - Urban areas KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/899132375?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Wildland+Fire&rft.atitle=Smoke+incursions+into+urban+areas%3A+simulation+of+a+Georgia+prescribed+burn&rft.au=Liu%2C+Yongqiang%3BGoodrick%2C+Scott%3BAchtemeier%2C+Gary%3BJackson%2C+William+A%3BQu%2C+John+J%3BWang%2C+Wanting&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Yongqiang&rft.date=2009-05-28&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=336&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Wildland+Fire&rft.issn=10498001&rft_id=info:doi/10.1071%2FWF08082 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Particle size; Burns; Smoke; Sensitivity; Emissions; Simulation; Air quality; Plumes; Urban areas; USA, Georgia, Atlanta DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/WF08082 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Feral swine damage and damage management in forested ecosystems AN - 20564361; 9265130 AB - Invasive feral swine (Sus scrofa) cause deleterious impacts to ecosystem processes and functioning throughout their worldwide distribution, including forested ecosystems in the United States. Unfortunately, many feral swine damage management programs are conducted in a piecemeal fashion, are not adequately funded, and lack clearly stated or realistic objectives. This review paper identifies damage caused by feral swine to forest resources and presents techniques used to prevent and control feral swine damage. Concluding points related to planning a feral swine damage management program are: (1) the value of using a variety of techniques in an integrated fashion cannot be overstated; (2) there is value in using indices for both feral swine populations and their damage pre and post management activities; (3) innovative technologies will increasing be of value in the pursuit of feral swine damage reduction; and (4) though not appropriate in every situation, there is value in involving the public in feral swine damage management decisions and activities. JF - Forest Ecology and Management AU - Campbell, T A AU - Long, D B AD - Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, 700 University Boulevard, MSC 218, Kingsville, TX 78363, United States, tyler.a.campbell@aphis.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/05/22/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 22 SP - 2319 EP - 2326 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 257 IS - 12 SN - 0378-1127, 0378-1127 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - forest resources KW - Forest management KW - USA KW - Sus scrofa KW - Ecosystems KW - Reviews KW - Forests KW - Technology KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20564361?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forest+Ecology+and+Management&rft.atitle=Feral+swine+damage+and+damage+management+in+forested+ecosystems&rft.au=Campbell%2C+T+A%3BLong%2C+D+B&rft.aulast=Campbell&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2009-05-22&rft.volume=257&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=2319&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Forest+Ecology+and+Management&rft.issn=03781127&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.foreco.2009.03.036 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Forest management; Reviews; Forests; forest resources; Ecosystems; Technology; Sus scrofa; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2009.03.036 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laboratory Assessment of Emission Reduction Strategies for the Agricultural Fumigants 1,3-Dichloropropene and Chloropicrin AN - 754542703; 13267613 AB - With the increased use of the agricultural fumigants 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D) and chloropicrin (CP), it is important that strategies to reduce emissions of these fumigant from soil to the air are assessed to protect air quality. Using an established soil column approach, the following emission reduction strategies were compared to a control: (1) spray application of ammonium thiosulfate to the soil surface; (2) deep injection at 46 cm depth; (3) high density polyethylene sealed over the soil surface; (4) virtually impermeable film sealed over the soil surface; and (5) irrigation with ammonium thiosulfate solution. Relative to the control, 1,3-D emissions were reduced by 26.1, 1.,0.01, 94.2, and 42.5%, for treatments 1 through 5, respectively. For CP the reductions were 41.6, 23.3, 94.6, 99.9, and 87.5% for treatments 1 through 5, respectively. Virtually impermeable film gave the greatest reductions for both fumigants, while HDPE was very effective only for CP. Despite offering less significant emission reductions, the lower cost alternatives to tarping, particularly irrigation with ATS solution, may offer substantial benefit where tarping is not economically viable. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Ashworth, D J AU - Ernst, F F AU - Xuan, R AU - Yates, S R AD - USDA-ARS, U.S. Salinity Laboratory, 450 W. Big Springs Road, Riverside, California 92507, and Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92521 Y1 - 2009/05/19/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 19 SP - 5073 EP - 5078 PB - American Chemical Society, 1155 16th St., NW Washington DC 20036 USA VL - 43 IS - 13 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Soil KW - Ammonium KW - Irrigation KW - Sprays KW - Emissions KW - Emission control KW - Air quality KW - fumigants KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754542703?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Laboratory+Assessment+of+Emission+Reduction+Strategies+for+the+Agricultural+Fumigants+1%2C3-Dichloropropene+and+Chloropicrin&rft.au=Ashworth%2C+D+J%3BErnst%2C+F+F%3BXuan%2C+R%3BYates%2C+S+R&rft.aulast=Ashworth&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2009-05-19&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=5073&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fes900049g L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/es900049g LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Ammonium; Sprays; Irrigation; Emissions; Air quality; Emission control; fumigants DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es900049g ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Factors that Affect the In Vivo Oral Bioavailability of Botulinum Neurotoxins T2 - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AN - 42156005; 5151483 JF - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AU - Cheng, L AU - Henderson II, T Y1 - 2009/05/17/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 17 KW - Neurotoxins KW - Bioavailability KW - Botulinum toxin KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42156005?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Factors+that+Affect+the+In+Vivo+Oral+Bioavailability+of+Botulinum+Neurotoxins&rft.au=Cheng%2C+L%3BHenderson+II%2C+T&rft.aulast=Cheng&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2009-05-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.abstractsonline.com/plan/Browse.aspx LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Development and Use of Edwardsiella ictaluri Type Three Secretion System Protein Array T2 - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AN - 42155047; 5150824 JF - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AU - Yeh, H-Y AU - Klesius, P Y1 - 2009/05/17/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 17 KW - Protein arrays KW - Secretion KW - Edwardsiella ictaluri KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42155047?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Development+and+Use+of+Edwardsiella+ictaluri+Type+Three+Secretion+System+Protein+Array&rft.au=Yeh%2C+H-Y%3BKlesius%2C+P&rft.aulast=Yeh&rft.aufirst=H-Y&rft.date=2009-05-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.abstractsonline.com/plan/Browse.aspx LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - MicroBQs: A Centralized Database for Use in Studying Bacterial Biofilms and Quorum Sensing T2 - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AN - 42154187; 5151176 JF - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AU - Yan, X AU - Fratamico, P AU - Gui, J Y1 - 2009/05/17/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 17 KW - Biofilms KW - Quorum sensing KW - Databases KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42154187?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.atitle=MicroBQs%3A+A+Centralized+Database+for+Use+in+Studying+Bacterial+Biofilms+and+Quorum+Sensing&rft.au=Yan%2C+X%3BFratamico%2C+P%3BGui%2C+J&rft.aulast=Yan&rft.aufirst=X&rft.date=2009-05-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.abstractsonline.com/plan/Browse.aspx LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Acquired Tolerance and in situ Detoxification of Furfural and HMF through Glucose Metabolic Pathways by Saccharomyces cerevisiae T2 - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AN - 42146076; 5151319 JF - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AU - Liu, Z AU - Ma, M. AU - Song, M Y1 - 2009/05/17/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 17 KW - Detoxification KW - Furfural KW - Glucose KW - Metabolic pathways KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42146076?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Acquired+Tolerance+and+in+situ+Detoxification+of+Furfural+and+HMF+through+Glucose+Metabolic+Pathways+by+Saccharomyces+cerevisiae&rft.au=Liu%2C+Z%3BMa%2C+M.%3BSong%2C+M&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.date=2009-05-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.abstractsonline.com/plan/Browse.aspx LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Pathogenic Potential and Toxin Production Capabilities of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli from Beef Cattle on Pasture T2 - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AN - 42144914; 5150818 JF - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AU - Clotilde, L AU - Hussein, H AU - Hall, M Y1 - 2009/05/17/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 17 KW - Cattle KW - Toxins KW - Pasture KW - Beef KW - Escherichia coli KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42144914?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Pathogenic+Potential+and+Toxin+Production+Capabilities+of+Shiga+Toxin-Producing+Escherichia+coli+from+Beef+Cattle+on+Pasture&rft.au=Clotilde%2C+L%3BHussein%2C+H%3BHall%2C+M&rft.aulast=Clotilde&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2009-05-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.abstractsonline.com/plan/Browse.aspx LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Investigating the Role of Two Iron-regulated Small RNAs of Pseudomonas syringae T2 - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AN - 42144861; 5151303 JF - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AU - Bronstein, P AU - Filiatrault, M AU - Stodghill, P AU - Schneider, D AU - Cartinhour, S Y1 - 2009/05/17/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 17 KW - Pseudomonas syringae KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42144861?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Investigating+the+Role+of+Two+Iron-regulated+Small+RNAs+of+Pseudomonas+syringae&rft.au=Bronstein%2C+P%3BFiliatrault%2C+M%3BStodghill%2C+P%3BSchneider%2C+D%3BCartinhour%2C+S&rft.aulast=Bronstein&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2009-05-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.abstractsonline.com/plan/Browse.aspx LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Isolation and Identification of Fiber-Utilizing Bacteria from Pigs T2 - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AN - 42144209; 5151167 JF - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AU - Ziemer, C AU - Kerr, B Y1 - 2009/05/17/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 17 KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42144209?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Isolation+and+Identification+of+Fiber-Utilizing+Bacteria+from+Pigs&rft.au=Ziemer%2C+C%3BKerr%2C+B&rft.aulast=Ziemer&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2009-05-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.abstractsonline.com/plan/Browse.aspx LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - A Method for Detecting Shiga-like Toxin-II in Bacterial Culture T2 - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AN - 42142879; 5150819 JF - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AU - He, X. AU - Quinones, B AU - Carter, J AU - Mandrell, R Y1 - 2009/05/17/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 17 KW - Disease detection KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42142879?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.atitle=A+Method+for+Detecting+Shiga-like+Toxin-II+in+Bacterial+Culture&rft.au=He%2C+X.%3BQuinones%2C+B%3BCarter%2C+J%3BMandrell%2C+R&rft.aulast=He&rft.aufirst=X.&rft.date=2009-05-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.abstractsonline.com/plan/Browse.aspx LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Comparative Sequence Analysis of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli O157:H7, O26:H11, and other non-O157 Strains: Insights into Mechanisms of Virulence and the Emergence of the Food-Borne Pathogens T2 - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AN - 42142656; 5151175 JF - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AU - Yan, X AU - Fratamico, P Y1 - 2009/05/17/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 17 KW - Food contamination KW - Virulence KW - Pathogens KW - Food KW - Strains KW - Escherichia coli KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42142656?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Comparative+Sequence+Analysis+of+Shiga+Toxin-Producing+Escherichia+coli+O157%3AH7%2C+O26%3AH11%2C+and+other+non-O157+Strains%3A+Insights+into+Mechanisms+of+Virulence+and+the+Emergence+of+the+Food-Borne+Pathogens&rft.au=Yan%2C+X%3BFratamico%2C+P&rft.aulast=Yan&rft.aufirst=X&rft.date=2009-05-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.abstractsonline.com/plan/Browse.aspx LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Inc A/C Plasmids in Multidrug Resistant Salmonella enterica T2 - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AN - 42142237; 5151093 JF - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AU - Lindsey, R AU - Fedorka-Cray, P AU - Frye, J AU - Meinersmann, R Y1 - 2009/05/17/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 17 KW - Multidrug resistance KW - Plasmids KW - Anadromous species KW - Salmonella enterica KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42142237?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Inc+A%2FC+Plasmids+in+Multidrug+Resistant+Salmonella+enterica&rft.au=Lindsey%2C+R%3BFedorka-Cray%2C+P%3BFrye%2C+J%3BMeinersmann%2C+R&rft.aulast=Lindsey&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2009-05-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.abstractsonline.com/plan/Browse.aspx LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Aflatoxin Production Is not Required for Survival of Aspergillus parasiticus in Nature T2 - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AN - 42140468; 5151131 JF - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AU - Ehrlich, K AU - Bhatnagar, D AU - Wei, Q Y1 - 2009/05/17/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 17 KW - Aflatoxins KW - Survival KW - Aspergillus parasiticus KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42140468?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Aflatoxin+Production+Is+not+Required+for+Survival+of+Aspergillus+parasiticus+in+Nature&rft.au=Ehrlich%2C+K%3BBhatnagar%2C+D%3BWei%2C+Q&rft.aulast=Ehrlich&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2009-05-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.abstractsonline.com/plan/Browse.aspx LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Diversity and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Generic Escherichia coli Isolates in Surface Water and Sediment from an Urban Watershed T2 - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AN - 42139335; 5151029 JF - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AU - Ibekwe, A AU - Leddy, M AU - Graves, A AU - Murinda, S Y1 - 2009/05/17/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 17 KW - Antibiotics KW - Surface water KW - Watersheds KW - Sediment pollution KW - Genetic diversity KW - Escherichia coli KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42139335?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Diversity+and+Antibiotic+Susceptibility+of+Generic+Escherichia+coli+Isolates+in+Surface+Water+and+Sediment+from+an+Urban+Watershed&rft.au=Ibekwe%2C+A%3BLeddy%2C+M%3BGraves%2C+A%3BMurinda%2C+S&rft.aulast=Ibekwe&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2009-05-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.abstractsonline.com/plan/Browse.aspx LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Quicker Die-off of Fecal Indicator Bacteria than Escherichia coli 0157:H7 in a Pond Impacted by Animal Agriculture T2 - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AN - 42139303; 5151019 JF - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AU - Jenkins, M AU - Fisher, D AU - Endale, D Y1 - 2009/05/17/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 17 KW - Ponds KW - Fecal coliforms KW - Agriculture KW - Escherichia coli KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42139303?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Quicker+Die-off+of+Fecal+Indicator+Bacteria+than+Escherichia+coli+0157%3AH7+in+a+Pond+Impacted+by+Animal+Agriculture&rft.au=Jenkins%2C+M%3BFisher%2C+D%3BEndale%2C+D&rft.aulast=Jenkins&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2009-05-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.abstractsonline.com/plan/Browse.aspx LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Antibiotic Resistant Bacterial Profiles of Anaerobic Swine Lagoon Effluent T2 - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AN - 42133391; 5150590 JF - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AU - Brooks, J AU - McLaughli, M Y1 - 2009/05/17/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 17 KW - Antibiotics KW - Effluents KW - Lagoons KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42133391?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Antibiotic+Resistant+Bacterial+Profiles+of+Anaerobic+Swine+Lagoon+Effluent&rft.au=Brooks%2C+J%3BMcLaughli%2C+M&rft.aulast=Brooks&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-05-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.abstractsonline.com/plan/Browse.aspx LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Analysis of Microbial Populations, Denitrification, and Nitrous Oxide Production in Riparian Buffers T2 - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AN - 42132175; 5151664 JF - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AU - Ducey, T AU - Hunt, P AU - Ro, K. AU - Lowrance, R Y1 - 2009/05/17/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 17 KW - Buffers KW - Nitrous oxide KW - Denitrification KW - Riparian environments KW - Rivers KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42132175?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+Microbial+Populations%2C+Denitrification%2C+and+Nitrous+Oxide+Production+in+Riparian+Buffers&rft.au=Ducey%2C+T%3BHunt%2C+P%3BRo%2C+K.%3BLowrance%2C+R&rft.aulast=Ducey&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2009-05-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.abstractsonline.com/plan/Browse.aspx LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Nisin-induced Expression of Pediocin in Dairy Lactic Acid Bacteria T2 - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AN - 42129729; 5151733 JF - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AU - Renye Jr, J AU - Somkuti, G Y1 - 2009/05/17/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 17 KW - Dairies KW - Pediocin KW - Lactic acid bacteria KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42129729?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Nisin-induced+Expression+of+Pediocin+in+Dairy+Lactic+Acid+Bacteria&rft.au=Renye+Jr%2C+J%3BSomkuti%2C+G&rft.aulast=Renye+Jr&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-05-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.abstractsonline.com/plan/Browse.aspx LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The Effects of Polyphosphate Additives on Campylobacter Survival in Processed Chicken Exudates T2 - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AN - 42128066; 5150021 JF - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AU - Gunther, N Y1 - 2009/05/17/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 17 KW - Additives KW - Survival KW - Polyphosphates KW - Exudates KW - Campylobacter KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42128066?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.atitle=The+Effects+of+Polyphosphate+Additives+on+Campylobacter+Survival+in+Processed+Chicken+Exudates&rft.au=Gunther%2C+N&rft.aulast=Gunther&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2009-05-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.abstractsonline.com/plan/Browse.aspx LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Potential for Growth of Clostridium perfringens from Spores in Scrapple during Cooling T2 - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AN - 42126562; 5151734 JF - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AU - Juneja, V AU - Porto-Fett, A AU - Luchansky, J AU - Gartner, K AU - Tufft, L Y1 - 2009/05/17/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 17 KW - Spores KW - Growth KW - Clostridium perfringens KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42126562?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Potential+for+Growth+of+Clostridium+perfringens+from+Spores+in+Scrapple+during+Cooling&rft.au=Juneja%2C+V%3BPorto-Fett%2C+A%3BLuchansky%2C+J%3BGartner%2C+K%3BTufft%2C+L&rft.aulast=Juneja&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2009-05-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.abstractsonline.com/plan/Browse.aspx LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Complete Sequence of the Large Virulence Plasmid and of Five Additional Plasmids Carried by Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli O26:H11 Strain H30 T2 - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AN - 42126457; 5150370 JF - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AU - Fratamico, P AU - Yan, X AU - Needleman, D AU - Morabito, S AU - Tozzoli, R AU - Caprioli, A AU - Esposito, G AU - Pepe, T AU - Cortesi, M Y1 - 2009/05/17/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 17 KW - Plasmids KW - Virulence KW - Strains KW - Escherichia coli KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42126457?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Complete+Sequence+of+the+Large+Virulence+Plasmid+and+of+Five+Additional+Plasmids+Carried+by+Shiga+Toxin-Producing+Escherichia+coli+O26%3AH11+Strain+H30&rft.au=Fratamico%2C+P%3BYan%2C+X%3BNeedleman%2C+D%3BMorabito%2C+S%3BTozzoli%2C+R%3BCaprioli%2C+A%3BEsposito%2C+G%3BPepe%2C+T%3BCortesi%2C+M&rft.aulast=Fratamico&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2009-05-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.abstractsonline.com/plan/Browse.aspx LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Thermal Inactivation of Salmonella in Commercially-Processed Liquid Egg Yolk T2 - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AN - 42125239; 5150017 JF - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AU - Jordan, J AU - Gurtler, J AU - Marks, H AU - Jones, D Y1 - 2009/05/17/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 17 KW - Inactivation KW - Yolk KW - Anadromous species KW - Salmonella KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42125239?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Thermal+Inactivation+of+Salmonella+in+Commercially-Processed+Liquid+Egg+Yolk&rft.au=Jordan%2C+J%3BGurtler%2C+J%3BMarks%2C+H%3BJones%2C+D&rft.aulast=Jordan&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-05-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.abstractsonline.com/plan/Browse.aspx LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Resistance to Macrolide-Lincosamide-Streptogramin Antibiotics in Streptococcus thermophilus T2 - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AN - 42125220; 5150503 JF - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AU - Somkuti, G AU - Steinberg, D Y1 - 2009/05/17/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 17 KW - Antibiotics KW - Streptococcus thermophilus KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42125220?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Resistance+to+Macrolide-Lincosamide-Streptogramin+Antibiotics+in+Streptococcus+thermophilus&rft.au=Somkuti%2C+G%3BSteinberg%2C+D&rft.aulast=Somkuti&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2009-05-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.abstractsonline.com/plan/Browse.aspx LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Defining the Role of KatP in Escherichia coli O157:H7 Resistance to Peroxide Stress T2 - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AN - 42124742; 5150371 JF - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AU - Uhlich, G Y1 - 2009/05/17/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 17 KW - Stress KW - Peroxide KW - Escherichia coli KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42124742?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Defining+the+Role+of+KatP+in+Escherichia+coli+O157%3AH7+Resistance+to+Peroxide+Stress&rft.au=Uhlich%2C+G&rft.aulast=Uhlich&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2009-05-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.abstractsonline.com/plan/Browse.aspx LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Development of a Quantitative Real-Time PCR Assay for Detection and Enumeration of Methanogenic Archaea in Stored Swine Manure T2 - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AN - 42124688; 5150405 JF - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AU - Spence, C AU - Whitehead, T AU - Cotta, M Y1 - 2009/05/17/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 17 KW - Manure KW - Animal wastes KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Methanogenic archaea KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Archaea KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42124688?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Development+of+a+Quantitative+Real-Time+PCR+Assay+for+Detection+and+Enumeration+of+Methanogenic+Archaea+in+Stored+Swine+Manure&rft.au=Spence%2C+C%3BWhitehead%2C+T%3BCotta%2C+M&rft.aulast=Spence&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2009-05-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.abstractsonline.com/plan/Browse.aspx LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - High-Throughput Identification of Transcriptional Start Sites in Pseudomonas syringae T2 - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AN - 42124317; 5150089 JF - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AU - Filiatrault, M AU - Stodghill, P AU - Cartinhour, S AU - Schneider, D AU - Wang, W AU - Schweitzer, P AU - Grills, G Y1 - 2009/05/17/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 17 KW - Transcription KW - Pseudomonas syringae KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42124317?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.atitle=High-Throughput+Identification+of+Transcriptional+Start+Sites+in+Pseudomonas+syringae&rft.au=Filiatrault%2C+M%3BStodghill%2C+P%3BCartinhour%2C+S%3BSchneider%2C+D%3BWang%2C+W%3BSchweitzer%2C+P%3BGrills%2C+G&rft.aulast=Filiatrault&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2009-05-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.abstractsonline.com/plan/Browse.aspx LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Inactivation of Rcs Phosphorelay System in Osmoregulated Periplasmic Glucans Mutants of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium Restores Motility but not Virulence T2 - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AN - 42124273; 5150227 JF - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AU - Dharne, M AU - Kannan, P AU - Smith, A AU - Bhagwat, A Y1 - 2009/05/17/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 17 KW - Inactivation KW - Mutants KW - Virulence KW - Motility KW - Glucans KW - Anadromous species KW - Osmoregulation KW - Salmonella enterica KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42124273?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Inactivation+of+Rcs+Phosphorelay+System+in+Osmoregulated+Periplasmic+Glucans+Mutants+of+Salmonella+enterica+serovar+Typhimurium+Restores+Motility+but+not+Virulence&rft.au=Dharne%2C+M%3BKannan%2C+P%3BSmith%2C+A%3BBhagwat%2C+A&rft.aulast=Dharne&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2009-05-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.abstractsonline.com/plan/Browse.aspx LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Acidified Sodium Chlorite as an Alternative to Chlorine for Elimination of Salmonella on Alfalfa Seeds T2 - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AN - 42124116; 5150005 JF - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AU - Liao, C-H Y1 - 2009/05/17/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 17 KW - Sodium KW - Acidification KW - Chlorine KW - Alfalfa KW - Sodium chlorite KW - Seeds KW - Anadromous species KW - Chlorite KW - Salmonella KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42124116?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Acidified+Sodium+Chlorite+as+an+Alternative+to+Chlorine+for+Elimination+of+Salmonella+on+Alfalfa+Seeds&rft.au=Liao%2C+C-H&rft.aulast=Liao&rft.aufirst=C-H&rft.date=2009-05-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.abstractsonline.com/plan/Browse.aspx LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The QseB Response Regulator Is Required for Decreased Bacterial Motility and Swine Colonization in a qseC Mutant of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium T2 - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AN - 42122944; 5149880 JF - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AU - Bearson, B AU - Bearson, S AU - Brunelle, B AU - Lee, I Y1 - 2009/05/17/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 17 KW - Colonization KW - Mutants KW - Motility KW - Anadromous species KW - Salmonella enterica KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42122944?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.atitle=The+QseB+Response+Regulator+Is+Required+for+Decreased+Bacterial+Motility+and+Swine+Colonization+in+a+qseC+Mutant+of+Salmonella+enterica+serovar+Typhimurium&rft.au=Bearson%2C+B%3BBearson%2C+S%3BBrunelle%2C+B%3BLee%2C+I&rft.aulast=Bearson&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2009-05-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.abstractsonline.com/plan/Browse.aspx LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Combined Fungal and Bacterial Treatment of Coptotermes formosanus T2 - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AN - 42121978; 5150178 JF - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AU - Wright, M Y1 - 2009/05/17/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 17 KW - Coptotermes formosanus KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42121978?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Combined+Fungal+and+Bacterial+Treatment+of+Coptotermes+formosanus&rft.au=Wright%2C+M&rft.aulast=Wright&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2009-05-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.abstractsonline.com/plan/Browse.aspx LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Development of an Oligonucleotide-Based Microarray to Detect Multiple Foodborne Pathogens T2 - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AN - 42120748; 5150483 JF - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AU - Suo, B AU - He, Y. AU - Paoli, G AU - Gehring, A AU - Tu, S-I Y1 - 2009/05/17/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 17 KW - Pathogens KW - Food KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42120748?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Development+of+an+Oligonucleotide-Based+Microarray+to+Detect+Multiple+Foodborne+Pathogens&rft.au=Suo%2C+B%3BHe%2C+Y.%3BPaoli%2C+G%3BGehring%2C+A%3BTu%2C+S-I&rft.aulast=Suo&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2009-05-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.abstractsonline.com/plan/Browse.aspx LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Analysis of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes Detected in Campylobacter coli, Enterococcus spp., Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica Isolated From the Same Animal Sample T2 - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AN - 42120515; 5150517 JF - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AU - Frye, J AU - Jackson, C AU - Englen, M AU - Meinersmann, R AU - Berrang, M AU - Fedorka-Cray, P Y1 - 2009/05/17/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 17 KW - Antimicrobial agents KW - Antimicrobial resistance KW - Anadromous species KW - Campylobacter coli KW - Escherichia coli KW - Enterococcus KW - Salmonella enterica KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42120515?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+Antimicrobial+Resistance+Genes+Detected+in+Campylobacter+coli%2C+Enterococcus+spp.%2C+Escherichia+coli+and+Salmonella+enterica+Isolated+From+the+Same+Animal+Sample&rft.au=Frye%2C+J%3BJackson%2C+C%3BEnglen%2C+M%3BMeinersmann%2C+R%3BBerrang%2C+M%3BFedorka-Cray%2C+P&rft.aulast=Frye&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-05-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.abstractsonline.com/plan/Browse.aspx LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Aspergillus flavus Cell Wall Degrading Enzymes Could Be Related to Virulence T2 - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AN - 42120371; 5149870 JF - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AU - Yu, J. AU - Cleveland, T AU - Bhatnagar, D AU - Fedorova, N AU - Nierman, W AU - Bennett, J AU - Payne, G Y1 - 2009/05/17/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 17 KW - Enzymes KW - Virulence KW - Cell walls KW - Aspergillus flavus KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42120371?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Aspergillus+flavus+Cell+Wall+Degrading+Enzymes+Could+Be+Related+to+Virulence&rft.au=Yu%2C+J.%3BCleveland%2C+T%3BBhatnagar%2C+D%3BFedorova%2C+N%3BNierman%2C+W%3BBennett%2C+J%3BPayne%2C+G&rft.aulast=Yu&rft.aufirst=J.&rft.date=2009-05-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.abstractsonline.com/plan/Browse.aspx LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Occurrence of Salmonella, Campylobacter, and Indicator Organisms in the Watershed of the Satilla River Basin T2 - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AN - 42120192; 5150395 JF - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AU - Vereen Jr, E AU - Lipp, E AU - Lowrance, R AU - Rajeev, S AU - Gay, P AU - Jenkins, M Y1 - 2009/05/17/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 17 KW - USA, Georgia, Satilla R. KW - River basins KW - Watersheds KW - Anadromous species KW - Salmonella KW - Campylobacter KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42120192?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Occurrence+of+Salmonella%2C+Campylobacter%2C+and+Indicator+Organisms+in+the+Watershed+of+the+Satilla+River+Basin&rft.au=Vereen+Jr%2C+E%3BLipp%2C+E%3BLowrance%2C+R%3BRajeev%2C+S%3BGay%2C+P%3BJenkins%2C+M&rft.aulast=Vereen+Jr&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2009-05-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.abstractsonline.com/plan/Browse.aspx LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Putative Unique Gene Approach for the Design of Species Specific Probes as Modeled by Lactobacillus plantarum T2 - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AN - 42118171; 5149862 JF - 109th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology AU - Perez-Diaz, I Y1 - 2009/05/17/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 17 KW - Probes KW - Lactobacillus plantarum KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42118171?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Putative+Unique+Gene+Approach+for+the+Design+of+Species+Specific+Probes+as+Modeled+by+Lactobacillus+plantarum&rft.au=Perez-Diaz%2C+I&rft.aulast=Perez-Diaz&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=2009-05-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=109th+General+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.abstractsonline.com/plan/Browse.aspx LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The Symposium - Why, how, and what we learned T2 - 2009 Conference on Improving Financial Literacy and Reshaping Financial Behavior (NFI) AN - 41787296; 5058007 JF - 2009 Conference on Improving Financial Literacy and Reshaping Financial Behavior (NFI) AU - Schuchardt, Jane Y1 - 2009/05/14/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 14 KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41787296?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2009+Conference+on+Improving+Financial+Literacy+and+Reshaping+Financial+Behavior+%28NFI%29&rft.atitle=The+Symposium+-+Why%2C+how%2C+and+what+we+learned&rft.au=Schuchardt%2C+Jane&rft.aulast=Schuchardt&rft.aufirst=Jane&rft.date=2009-05-14&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2009+Conference+on+Improving+Financial+Literacy+and+Reshaping+Financial+Behavior+%28NFI%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.networksfinancialinstitute.org/News/events2/Pages/2009Finan cialLiteracyConferenceAgenda.aspx LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Effects of Cyclodextrins and Surfactants On the Fluorescence Detection of Mycotoxins T2 - 38th Great Lakes Regional Meeting of the American Chemical Society AN - 42132110; 5151872 JF - 38th Great Lakes Regional Meeting of the American Chemical Society AU - Appell, Michael Y1 - 2009/05/13/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 13 KW - Mycotoxins KW - Fluorescence KW - Surfactants KW - Cyclodextrin KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42132110?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=38th+Great+Lakes+Regional+Meeting+of+the+American+Chemical+Society&rft.atitle=Effects+of+Cyclodextrins+and+Surfactants+On+the+Fluorescence+Detection+of+Mycotoxins&rft.au=Appell%2C+Michael&rft.aulast=Appell&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2009-05-13&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=38th+Great+Lakes+Regional+Meeting+of+the+American+Chemical+Society&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.glrm2009.org/program_book.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Antimicrobial Packaging Using PLA-Pectin T2 - 38th Great Lakes Regional Meeting of the American Chemical Society AN - 42131559; 5151871 JF - 38th Great Lakes Regional Meeting of the American Chemical Society AU - Finkelstadt, Victoria AU - Liu, LinShu Y1 - 2009/05/13/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 13 KW - Packaging KW - Antimicrobial agents KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42131559?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=38th+Great+Lakes+Regional+Meeting+of+the+American+Chemical+Society&rft.atitle=Antimicrobial+Packaging+Using+PLA-Pectin&rft.au=Finkelstadt%2C+Victoria%3BLiu%2C+LinShu&rft.aulast=Finkelstadt&rft.aufirst=Victoria&rft.date=2009-05-13&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=38th+Great+Lakes+Regional+Meeting+of+the+American+Chemical+Society&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.glrm2009.org/program_book.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Why Use DFT Methods In the Study of Carbohydrates? T2 - 38th Great Lakes Regional Meeting of the American Chemical Society AN - 42128227; 5151994 JF - 38th Great Lakes Regional Meeting of the American Chemical Society AU - Schnupf, Udo AU - Momany, Frank Y1 - 2009/05/13/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 13 KW - Carbohydrates KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42128227?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=38th+Great+Lakes+Regional+Meeting+of+the+American+Chemical+Society&rft.atitle=Why+Use+DFT+Methods+In+the+Study+of+Carbohydrates%3F&rft.au=Schnupf%2C+Udo%3BMomany%2C+Frank&rft.aulast=Schnupf&rft.aufirst=Udo&rft.date=2009-05-13&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=38th+Great+Lakes+Regional+Meeting+of+the+American+Chemical+Society&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.glrm2009.org/program_book.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - What Have We Learned From Modeling Carbohydrates Using Cutting Edge (DFT) Computational Tools? T2 - 38th Great Lakes Regional Meeting of the American Chemical Society AN - 42128078; 5151993 JF - 38th Great Lakes Regional Meeting of the American Chemical Society AU - Momany, Frank AU - Schnupf, Udo Y1 - 2009/05/13/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 May 13 KW - Carbohydrates KW - Computer applications KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42128078?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=38th+Great+Lakes+Regional+Meeting+of+the+American+Chemical+Society&rft.atitle=What+Have+We+Learned+From+Modeling+Carbohydrates+Using+Cutting+Edge+%28DFT%29+Computational+Tools%3F&rft.au=Momany%2C+Frank%3BSchnupf%2C+Udo&rft.aulast=Momany&rft.aufirst=Frank&rft.date=2009-05-13&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=38th+Great+Lakes+Regional+Meeting+of+the+American+Chemical+Society&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.glrm2009.org/program_book.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The ecological role of bivalve shellfish aquaculture in the estuarine environment: A review with application to oyster and clam culture in West Coast (USA) estuaries AN - 20526441; 9210295 AB - Aquaculture is viewed as a potential mechanism to meet the growing demand for seafood around the world. The future of bivalve shellfish aquaculture in the U.S. hinges on sustainable practices on the part of industry and a more consistent regulatory regime. Bivalve shellfish aquaculture is a recent practice relative to its history in other countries, beginning in the late 1800s along the U.S. West Coast where it is now well established with farm raised product utilizing land-based hatcheries and grow-out directly in numerous estuaries. Bivalve shellfish aquaculture can be viewed as a disturbance which modifies the estuarine system in three ways: 1) changes in material processes - bivalves process food and produce wastes; 2) addition of physical structure - aquaculture introduces the cultured organisms and in some cases a physical anchoring structure; and 3) pulse disturbances like harvest and bed maintenance disturb sediments, remove species in addition to the cultured organisms themselves, and change resource or habitat availability. In U.S. West Coast estuaries, water column and sediment nutrient concentrations are relatively high and influenced by large tidal exchange and proximity to deeper nearshore ocean waters where upwelling controls production during summer months. Bivalves are unlikely to influence material processes except at local bed scales in these systems, although estuary-wide effects could appear as the fraction of cultured area rises or in poorly flushed bays. Bivalve culture clearly modifies estuarine habitat at local community and at landscape scales and effects are most often evaluated against existing structured habitat in the form of submerged aquatic vegetation. Individual activities act as pulse disturbances and the recovery of eelgrass (Zostera marina) to pre-disturbance levels is variable (5 years). The extent of disturbance depends on the aquaculture practice and the distribution of eelgrass reflects a balance of space competition, pulse disturbance and recovery, and is therefore at dynamic equilibrium on aquaculture beds. Structure provided by aquaculture appears functionally similar to eelgrass for small benthic infauna and mobile epibenthic fauna while use of aquaculture as habitat by larger more mobile invertebrates and fish depends on mobility and varies with life-history stage and taxon being evaluated. Scale seems a very important management consideration and further research at estuarine landscape scales, especially for habitat use by important invertebrates and fish, may prove useful in designing and implementing best management practices. Though local and short term effects from aquaculture are clearly evident in U.S. West Coast estuaries, bivalve aquaculture does not remove area from the estuary or degrade water quality like other anthropogenic influences, and thus has not been implicated in shifts to alternate states or reduced adaptive capacity of the larger ecological system. JF - Aquaculture AU - Dumbauld, B R AU - Ruesink, J L AU - Rumrill, S S AD - Hatfield Marine Science Center, 2030 S.E. Marine Science Drive, Newport, Oregon 97365, USA, brett.dumbauld@ars.usda.gov PY - 2009 SP - 196 EP - 223 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 290 IS - 3-4 SN - 0044-8486, 0044-8486 KW - Bivalves KW - Eel grass KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Farms KW - Sustainable development KW - invertebrates KW - best practices KW - Mollusks KW - Aquaculture effluents KW - disturbance KW - anthropogenic factors KW - Best practices KW - Estuaries KW - Landscape KW - Brackish KW - Vegetation KW - Habitat KW - Sustainability KW - Clam culture KW - Oysters KW - Marine molluscs KW - Culture effects KW - Shellfish KW - Fish KW - Sea grass KW - Zostera marina KW - Anthropogenic factors KW - Invertebrates KW - Estuarine sedimentation KW - Aquaculture KW - adaptability KW - Habitats KW - oysters KW - farms KW - Seafood KW - Competition KW - Coasts KW - Sediment pollution KW - life history KW - Sediments KW - Bivalvia KW - USA KW - Adaptability KW - Life history KW - INE, USA, West Coast KW - Marine aquaculture KW - Disturbance KW - Zoobenthos KW - competition KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - O 5060:Aquaculture KW - Q3 08588:Effects of Aquaculture on the Environment KW - Q1 08588:Effects of Aquaculture on the Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20526441?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquaculture&rft.atitle=The+ecological+role+of+bivalve+shellfish+aquaculture+in+the+estuarine+environment%3A+A+review+with+application+to+oyster+and+clam+culture+in+West+Coast+%28USA%29+estuaries&rft.au=Dumbauld%2C+B+R%3BRuesink%2C+J+L%3BRumrill%2C+S+S&rft.aulast=Dumbauld&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2009-05-09&rft.volume=290&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=196&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquaculture&rft.issn=00448486&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.aquaculture.2009.02.033 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sediment pollution; Sustainable development; Culture effects; Marine molluscs; Sea grass; Marine aquaculture; Seafood; Estuarine sedimentation; Zoobenthos; Clam culture; Farms; Anthropogenic factors; Invertebrates; invertebrates; adaptability; best practices; oysters; farms; Competition; disturbance; Aquaculture effluents; anthropogenic factors; Best practices; Landscape; Estuaries; life history; Vegetation; Habitat; Sediments; Sustainability; Adaptability; Life history; Oysters; Fish; Shellfish; Disturbance; competition; Habitats; Mollusks; Aquaculture; Coasts; Bivalvia; Zostera marina; USA; INE, USA, West Coast; Brackish DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2009.02.033 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carbon dioxide and high temperature effects on growth of young orange trees in a humid, subtropical environment AN - 20351561; 9021744 AB - Rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO sub(2)) concentration and global warming could impact growth of citrus trees. Five 2-year-old Ambersweet orange trees on Swingle citrumelo rootstocks were transplanted into soil containers in two temperature-gradient greenhouses on 9 August 1994 at Gainesville, FL, USA. Either 360 or 720kmol(CO sub(2))mol super(-) super(1) (air) was maintained in the greenhouses. Two containers were located in each of four temperature zones maintained at 1.5 super(o)C increments between each zone with a 4.5 super(o)C difference between zones 1 and 4. The main objective was to test the hypothesis that biomass growth ratios of CO sub(2)-enriched to ambient CO sub(2)-exposed young sweet orange trees would be similar to the large growth enhancements (about 2.6-fold) reported from Phoenix, AZ, USA during the first 3 years of growth of sour orange trees. One tree per container was harvested in 1995 and four trees per container were harvested in 1996. Growth parameters were different between years except leaf fresh weight and fine root biomass. Elevated CO sub(2) increased growth parameters except leaf growth and fine root biomass. Biomass response ratios to CO sub(2) (720 /360) for 1995 and 1996, respectively, were 1.57 and 1.18 for shoot wood, 1.34 and 1.15 for total above-ground, 1.46 and 1.08 for tap roots, 1.67 and 1.54 for secondary roots, 1.29 and 0.95 for fine roots (NS-CO sub(2)), 1.40 and 1.19 for total roots, 1.47 and 1.18 for total wood, and 1.37 and 1.17 for total plants. The decrease in response to CO sub(2) in the second year was attributed to crowding of shoot and root space. Components of shoot wood, total above ground, taproot, fine root, total root, total wood, and total plant biomass increased slightly (0.010.1) the growth rate or final populations of E. coli O157:H7 or S. enterica Typhimurium. Ruminal fluid was collected from cattle (n=2) and E. coli O157:H7 and S. enterica Typhimurium were added to separate ruminal fermentations incubated for 24h at 39 degree C. Fumarate and malate were added at concentrations of 0, 5, 10, and 20mM (v/v; n=2) and incubated for 24h at 39 degree C. Malate or fumarate addition did not affect (p>0.1) populations of E. coli O157:H7 or S. enterica Typhimurium. However, the final pH was increased (p<0.05), the acetate:propionate ratio was decreased (p<0.05), and the total VFA production was increased (p<0.05) by greater than or equal to 10mM dicarboxylic acid addition. These results confirm that dicarboxylic acids can modify ruminal fermentation, but they do not affect populations of critical foodborne pathogens. JF - Current Microbiology AU - Nisbet, David J AU - Callaway, Todd R AU - Edrington, T S AU - Anderson, Robin C AU - Krueger, N AD - Food and Feed Safety Research Unit, Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, College Station, TX, 77845, USA, callaway@ffsru.tamu.edu Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 488 EP - 492 PB - Springer-Verlag, 175 Fifth Ave. New York NY 10010 USA VL - 58 IS - 5 SN - 0343-8651, 0343-8651 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Growth rate KW - Pure culture KW - Methane KW - Selenomonas ruminantium KW - Fermentation KW - Food KW - Propionic acid KW - Pathogens KW - Acetic acid KW - Acids KW - Escherichia coli KW - Intestine KW - Microorganisms KW - Lactic acid KW - Volatile fatty acids KW - Salmonella enterica typhimurium KW - Ionophores KW - pH effects KW - J 02410:Animal Diseases KW - A 01320:Microbial Degradation KW - W 30945:Fermentation & Cell Culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/853476752?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+the+Dicarboxylic+Acids+Malate+and+Fumarate+on+E.+coli+O157%3AH7+and+Salmonella+enterica+Typhimurium+Populations+in+Pure+Culture+and+in+Mixed+Ruminal+Microorganism+Fermentations&rft.au=Nisbet%2C+David+J%3BCallaway%2C+Todd+R%3BEdrington%2C+T+S%3BAnderson%2C+Robin+C%3BKrueger%2C+N&rft.aulast=Nisbet&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=488&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+Microbiology&rft.issn=03438651&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00284-008-9351-1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pure culture; Growth rate; Methane; Fermentation; Food; Propionic acid; Pathogens; Acetic acid; Acids; Volatile fatty acids; Lactic acid; Microorganisms; Intestine; pH effects; Ionophores; Selenomonas ruminantium; Escherichia coli; Salmonella enterica typhimurium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00284-008-9351-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stress, Sublethal Injury, Resuscitation, and Virulence of Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens AN - 744692282; 12685656 AB - Environmental stress and food preservation methods (e.g., heating, chilling, acidity, and alkalinity) are known to induce adaptive responses within the bacterial cell. Microorganisms that survive a given stress often gain resistance to that stress or other stresses via cross-protection. The physiological state of a bacterium is an important consideration when studying its response to food preservation techniques. This article reviews the various definitions of injury and stress, sublethal injury of bacteria, stresses that cause this injury, stress adaptation, cellular repair and response mechanisms, the role of reactive oxygen species in bacterial injury and resuscitation, and the potential for cross-protection and enhanced virulence as a result of various stress conditions. JF - Journal of Food Protection AU - Wesche, Alissa M AU - Gurtler, Joshua B AU - Marks, Bradley P AU - Ryser, Elliot T AD - Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824; 2 US. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, Pennsylvania 19038; and Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 1121 PB - Allen Press, Inc., 810 East Tenth St. Lawrence KS 66044 USA VL - 72 IS - 5 SN - 0362-028X, 0362-028X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Chilling KW - Cross-protection KW - Injuries KW - Food KW - Physiology KW - adaptability KW - Virulence KW - Reactive oxygen species KW - Alkalinity KW - Environmental stress KW - Acidity KW - Food preservation KW - Bacteria KW - Adaptations KW - Stress KW - Pathogens KW - Oxygen KW - Reviews KW - Microorganisms KW - Preservation KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology KW - H 4000:Food and Drugs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/744692282?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Food+Protection&rft.atitle=Stress%2C+Sublethal+Injury%2C+Resuscitation%2C+and+Virulence+of+Bacterial+Foodborne+Pathogens&rft.au=Wesche%2C+Alissa+M%3BGurtler%2C+Joshua+B%3BMarks%2C+Bradley+P%3BRyser%2C+Elliot+T&rft.aulast=Wesche&rft.aufirst=Alissa&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1121&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Food+Protection&rft.issn=0362028X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 225 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chilling; Cross-protection; Adaptations; Injuries; Food; Pathogens; Virulence; Reactive oxygen species; Alkalinity; Microorganisms; Environmental stress; Preservation; Acidity; Oxygen; Reviews; Physiology; Stress; Food preservation; adaptability; Bacteria ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of the Aspergillus ochraceoroseus aflatoxin/sterigmatocystin biosynthetic gene cluster. AN - 67397633; 19537208 AB - Production of carcinogenic aflatoxins has been reported from members of Aspergillus section Flavi, Aspergillus section Nidulantes and a newly proposed Aspergillus section Ochraceorosei that consists of Aspergillus ochraceoroseus and A. rambellii. Unlike members of section Flavi, A. ochraceoroseus and A. rambellii have been shown to accumulate both aflatoxin (AF) and the aflatoxin precursor sterigmatocystin (ST). Alhough morphologically distinct from A. nidulans, molecular characterization of A. ochraceoroseus AF/ST genes and physiological characteristics of AF/ST production indicated that A. ochraceoroseus is more closely related to A. nidulans than to A. flavus. Knowing that the A. nidulans ST gene cluster is organized differently from the A. flavus AF gene cluster, we determined the genetic organization of the AF/ST biosynthetic cluster in A. ochraceoroseus. Sequencing of overlapping lambda clones and genomic PCR fragments obtained by gene-walking techniques demonstrated that the A. ochraceoroseus AF/ST gene cluster is organized much like the A. nidulans ST gene cluster except that the region from aflN to aflW is located directly upstream of aflC and in reverse orientation such that aflW represents the distal end and aflY the proximal end of the cluster. The A. ochraceoroseus cluster genes demonstrated 62-76% nucleotide identity to their A. nidulans ST cluster gene homologs. Transformation of an A. nidulans aflR mutant with the A. ochraceoroseus aflR restored ST production in A. nidulans transformants. PCR amplification of A. rambellii genomic DNA demonstrated that the AF/ST gene cluster is organized in the same manner as that of A. ochraceoroseus. JF - Mycologia AU - Cary, J W AU - Ehrlich, K C AU - Beltz, S B AU - Harris-Coward, P AU - Klich, M A AD - USDA, ARS, Southern Regional Research Center, 1100 Robert E. Lee Boulevard, New Orleans, Louisiana 70124, USA. Jeff.Cary@ars.usda.gov PY - 2009 SP - 352 EP - 362 VL - 101 IS - 3 SN - 0027-5514, 0027-5514 KW - AFLR protein, Aspergillus KW - 0 KW - Aflatoxins KW - Cyclopentanes KW - DNA, Fungal KW - DNA-Binding Proteins KW - Fungal Proteins KW - Transcription Factors KW - Sterigmatocystin KW - 10048-13-2 KW - cyclopentanone KW - 220W81TN3S KW - Index Medicus KW - Aspergillus nidulans -- drug effects KW - Aspergillus nidulans -- metabolism KW - DNA, Fungal -- isolation & purification KW - Genetic Variation KW - Blotting, Northern KW - Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid KW - DNA-Binding Proteins -- biosynthesis KW - DNA-Binding Proteins -- genetics KW - Fungal Proteins -- biosynthesis KW - Transcriptional Activation -- drug effects KW - Fungal Proteins -- genetics KW - Sequence Analysis, DNA KW - Transcription Factors -- genetics KW - Transcription Factors -- biosynthesis KW - Aspergillus flavus -- genetics KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Cyclopentanes -- pharmacology KW - Aspergillus nidulans -- genetics KW - DNA, Fungal -- genetics KW - Aspergillus flavus -- metabolism KW - Aflatoxins -- biosynthesis KW - Aflatoxins -- genetics KW - Sterigmatocystin -- biosynthesis KW - Multigene Family KW - Aspergillus ochraceus -- genetics KW - Aspergillus ochraceus -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67397633?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mycologia&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+the+Aspergillus+ochraceoroseus+aflatoxin%2Fsterigmatocystin+biosynthetic+gene+cluster.&rft.au=Cary%2C+J+W%3BEhrlich%2C+K+C%3BBeltz%2C+S+B%3BHarris-Coward%2C+P%3BKlich%2C+M+A&rft.aulast=Cary&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=352&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mycologia&rft.issn=00275514&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-07-14 N1 - Date created - 2009-06-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of TECRA broth, Bolton broth, and direct plating for recovery of Campylobacter spp, from broiler carcass rinsates from commercial processing plants. AN - 67352579; 19517723 AB - The purpose of this study was to compare a conventional culture broth method (Bolton enrichment), a newly developed proprietary broth method (TECRA Campylobacter enrichment), and direct plating for recovery of Campylobacter spp. from chicken carcass rinsates. Whole carcass rinses were taken from 140 carcasses at rehang (immediately after defeathering but before evisceration) and from 140 carcasses at postchill from eight different processing plants in the United States. The rinsate samples were packed in ice and shipped overnight to the laboratory. Aliquots of the rinsate were transferred into Bolton and TECRA enrichment broths and were direct plated. Standard laboratory procedures with Campy-cefex plates were followed for recovery of Campylobacter spp. For rehang carcasses, 94% were positive for Campylobacter spp. with the TECRA enrichment broth and 74% were positive with the Bolton enrichment broth. For postchill carcasses, 74% were positive for Campylobacter spp. with the TECRA enrichment broth and 71% were positive with the Bolton enrichment broth. Compared with the Bolton enrichment broth, TECRA enrichment broth significantly suppressed non-Campylobacter microflora (P < 0.05). Overall, TECRA enrichment broth yielded an 11% higher total number of Campylobacter-positive samples compared with the Bolton enrichment broth. Campylobacter spp. detection in postchill samples was significantly greater (P < 0.05) by enrichment (84%) than by direct plating (19%). The high number of Campylobacter-positive samples obtained with all procedures indicated that 99% of the carcass rinsates obtained at rehang and 84% obtained at postchill contained Campylobacter spp. JF - Journal of food protection AU - Richardson, L J AU - Cox, N A AU - Bailey, J S AU - Berrang, M E AU - Cox, J M AU - Buhr, R J AU - Fedorka-Cray, P J AU - Harrison, M A AD - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Poultry Microbiological Safety Research Unit, Russell Research Center, Athens, Georgia 30605, USA. jason.richardson@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 972 EP - 977 VL - 72 IS - 5 SN - 0362-028X, 0362-028X KW - Culture Media KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Food Microbiology KW - Humans KW - Food Handling -- methods KW - Colony Count, Microbial -- methods KW - Food Contamination -- analysis KW - Chickens -- microbiology KW - Food-Processing Industry KW - Campylobacter -- isolation & purification KW - Culture Media -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67352579?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+TECRA+broth%2C+Bolton+broth%2C+and+direct+plating+for+recovery+of+Campylobacter+spp%2C+from+broiler+carcass+rinsates+from+commercial+processing+plants.&rft.au=Richardson%2C+L+J%3BCox%2C+N+A%3BBailey%2C+J+S%3BBerrang%2C+M+E%3BCox%2C+J+M%3BBuhr%2C+R+J%3BFedorka-Cray%2C+P+J%3BHarrison%2C+M+A&rft.aulast=Richardson&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=972&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.issn=0362028X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-07-09 N1 - Date created - 2009-06-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of planktonic and biofilm communities of day-of-hatch chicks cecal microflora and their resistance to Salmonella colonization. AN - 67352570; 19517721 AB - Recent concerns about the use of antimicrobials in food animals have increased interest in the microbial ecology and biofilms within their gastrointestinal tract. This work used a continuous-flow chemostat system to model the microbial community within the ceca from day-of-hatch chicks and its ability to resist colonization by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. We characterized the biofilm and planktonic communities from five cultures by using automated ribotyping. Eight species from six different genera were identified. Overall, the planktonic communities were more diverse, with 40% of the cultures containing four or more bacterial species. Eighty percent of the biofilm communities contained only one or two species of bacteria. Enterococcus faecalis was the only species isolated from all communities. None of the resulting microbial communities was able to resist colonization by S. enterica serovar Typhimurium. This is the first study to provide a molecular-based characterization of the biofilm and planktonic communities found in day-of-hatch chicken cecal microflora cultures. JF - Journal of food protection AU - Sheffield, Cynthia L AU - Crippen, Tawni L AU - Andrews, Kathleen AU - Bongaerts, Roy J AU - Nisbet, David J AD - Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, College Station, Texas 77843, USA. Sheffield@sparc.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 959 EP - 965 VL - 72 IS - 5 SN - 0362-028X, 0362-028X KW - Index Medicus KW - Ribotyping KW - Poultry Diseases -- prevention & control KW - Disease Susceptibility -- veterinary KW - Animals, Newborn KW - Animals KW - Chickens KW - Salmonella Infections, Animal -- prevention & control KW - Humans KW - Colony Count, Microbial KW - Biofilms -- growth & development KW - Food Contamination -- prevention & control KW - Consumer Product Safety KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- physiology KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- growth & development KW - Cecum -- microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67352570?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+planktonic+and+biofilm+communities+of+day-of-hatch+chicks+cecal+microflora+and+their+resistance+to+Salmonella+colonization.&rft.au=Sheffield%2C+Cynthia+L%3BCrippen%2C+Tawni+L%3BAndrews%2C+Kathleen%3BBongaerts%2C+Roy+J%3BNisbet%2C+David+J&rft.aulast=Sheffield&rft.aufirst=Cynthia&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=959&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.issn=0362028X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-07-09 N1 - Date created - 2009-06-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Permethrin induces overexpression of multiple genes in Aedes aegypti. AN - 67326104; 19496430 AB - Using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-select subtractive cDNA hybridization technique, 18 different genes were isolated from a permethrin-treated versus acetone-treated Aedes aegypti subtractive library. Quantitative PCR (QPCR) results showed that 8 of the 18 gene's transcriptional levels in permethrin-treated Ae. aegypti were at least two-fold higher (ranging from 2.6 +/- 0.5 to 4.8 +/- 0.2) than that in acetone-treated Ae. aegypti. These eight genes include three functionally known genes (cytochrome c oxidase subunit III, NADH2 dehydrogenase, deltamethrin resistance associated protein), three functionally unknown genes (Ae. aegypti putative 16.9-kDa secreted protein, Anopheles gambiae ENSANGP00000019508, Cryptococcus neoformans hypothetical protein CNE05340), and two novel genes. Transcriptional levels for 11 of the 18 genes were induced significantly higher by permethrin than by fipronil (P < 0.05). Our results suggest that subtractive cDNA hybridization and QPCR are powerful techniques to identify differentially expressed genes in response to pesticide treatment. JF - Journal of medical entomology AU - Pridgeon, Julia W AU - Becnel, James J AU - Clark, Gary G AU - Linthicum, Kenneth J AD - Center for Medical, Agricultural, and Veterinary Entomology, USDA-ARS, 1600 SW, 23rd Dr., Gainesville, FL 32608, USA. Julia.Pridgeon@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 580 EP - 587 VL - 46 IS - 3 SN - 0022-2585, 0022-2585 KW - Insecticides KW - 0 KW - Pyrazoles KW - Permethrin KW - 509F88P9SZ KW - fipronil KW - QGH063955F KW - Index Medicus KW - Pyrazoles -- pharmacology KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Animals KW - Nucleic Acid Hybridization KW - Female KW - Gene Expression -- drug effects KW - Aedes -- drug effects KW - Permethrin -- pharmacology KW - Aedes -- genetics KW - Insecticides -- pharmacology KW - Genes, Insect KW - Gene Expression Profiling -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67326104?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+medical+entomology&rft.atitle=Permethrin+induces+overexpression+of+multiple+genes+in+Aedes+aegypti.&rft.au=Pridgeon%2C+Julia+W%3BBecnel%2C+James+J%3BClark%2C+Gary+G%3BLinthicum%2C+Kenneth+J&rft.aulast=Pridgeon&rft.aufirst=Julia&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=580&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+medical+entomology&rft.issn=00222585&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-08-06 N1 - Date created - 2009-06-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The economics of enteric infections: human foodborne disease costs. AN - 67260662; 19457414 AB - The World Health Organization estimates that in 2005, 1.5 million people died, worldwide, from diarrheal diseases. A separate study estimated that 70% of diarrheal diseases are foodborne. The widely cited US estimate is that there are 76 million foodborne illnesses annually, resulting in 325,000 hospitalizations and 5200 deaths. However, there are epidemiologic and methodologic challenges to accurately estimate the economic burden of foodborne disease on society, either in terms of monetary costs or non-monetary units of measurement. Studies on the economic burden of foodborne disease vary considerably: some analyze the effects of a single pathogen or a single outbreak, whereas others attempt to estimate all foodborne disease in a country. Differences in surveillance systems, methodology, and other factors preclude meaningful comparisons across existing studies. However, if it were possible to completely estimate the societal costs for all acute foodborne diseases and their chronic sequelae worldwide, on the basis of currently available data, worldwide costs from these illnesses would be substantial. Moreover, foodborne infections are largely manifested as intestinal illnesses and are largely preventable. Total costs of foodborne disease would be much smaller in the United States and the world if economic incentives for industry to produce safer food were improved. However, costs of implementing new food safety prevention and control rules must be weighed against the estimated benefits of reducing foodborne disease to determine net benefits so that governments have information to efficiently allocate funds among competing programs. JF - Gastroenterology AU - Buzby, Jean C AU - Roberts, Tanya AD - US Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, Washington, DC, USA. jbuzby@ers.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 1851 EP - 1862 VL - 136 IS - 6 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Costs and Cost Analysis KW - Humans KW - Cost-Benefit Analysis KW - Foodborne Diseases -- economics KW - Health Care Costs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67260662?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Gastroenterology&rft.atitle=The+economics+of+enteric+infections%3A+human+foodborne+disease+costs.&rft.au=Buzby%2C+Jean+C%3BRoberts%2C+Tanya&rft.aulast=Buzby&rft.aufirst=Jean&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=136&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1851&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Gastroenterology&rft.issn=1528-0012&rft_id=info:doi/10.1053%2Fj.gastro.2009.01.074 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-06-09 N1 - Date created - 2009-05-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2009.01.074 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Host-selective toxins produced by Stagonospora nodorum confer disease susceptibility in adult wheat plants under field conditions. AN - 67244632; 19266177 AB - Stagonospora nodorum, causal agent of Stagonospora nodorum blotch (SNB), is a destructive pathogen of wheat worldwide. As is true for many necrotrophic host-pathogen systems, the wheat-S. nodorum system is complex and resistance to SNB is usually quantitatively inherited. We recently showed that S. nodorum produces at least four proteinaceous host-selective toxins that interact with dominant host sensitivity/susceptibility gene products to induce SNB in seedlings. Here, we evaluated a population of wheat recombinant inbred lines that segregates for Tsn1, Snn2, and Snn3, which confer sensitivity to the toxins SnToxA, SnTox2, and SnTox3, respectively, to determine if compatible host-toxin interactions are associated with adult plant susceptibility to SNB foliar disease under field conditions. Artificial inoculation of the population in 2 years and two locations with a fungal isolate known to produce SnToxA and SnTox2 indicated that compatible SnToxA-Tsn1 and SnTox2-Snn2 interactions accounted for as much as 18 and 15% of the variation in disease severity on the flag leaf, respectively. As previously reported for seedlings, the effects of these two interactions in conferring adult plant susceptibility were largely additive. Additional adult plant resistance QTLs were identified on chromosomes 1B, 4B, and 5A, of which, the 1B and 5A QTLs were previously reported to be associated with seedling resistance to SNB. Therefore, in this population, some of the same QTLs are responsible for seedling and adult plant resistance/susceptibility. This is the first report showing that host-selective toxins confer susceptibility of adult plants to SNB, further substantiating the importance of compatible toxin-host interactions in the wheat-S. nodorum pathosystem. JF - TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik AU - Friesen, Timothy L AU - Chu, C-G AU - Liu, Z H AU - Xu, S S AU - Halley, S AU - Faris, J D AD - Northern Crop Science Laboratory, USDA-ARS, 1307 18th Street North, Fargo, ND 58105-5677, USA. timothy.friesen@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 1489 EP - 1497 VL - 118 IS - 8 KW - Mycotoxins KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal KW - Seedlings -- metabolism KW - Alleles KW - Seedlings -- genetics KW - Seasons KW - Quantitative Trait Loci KW - Genes, Plant KW - Crosses, Genetic KW - Chromosome Mapping KW - Host-Pathogen Interactions KW - Chromosomes, Plant KW - Mycotoxins -- pharmacology KW - Mycotoxins -- genetics KW - Disease Susceptibility KW - Ascomycota -- genetics KW - Plant Diseases -- microbiology KW - Triticum -- microbiology KW - Ascomycota -- metabolism KW - Triticum -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67244632?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=TAG.+Theoretical+and+applied+genetics.+Theoretische+und+angewandte+Genetik&rft.atitle=Host-selective+toxins+produced+by+Stagonospora+nodorum+confer+disease+susceptibility+in+adult+wheat+plants+under+field+conditions.&rft.au=Friesen%2C+Timothy+L%3BChu%2C+C-G%3BLiu%2C+Z+H%3BXu%2C+S+S%3BHalley%2C+S%3BFaris%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Friesen&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=118&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1489&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=TAG.+Theoretical+and+applied+genetics.+Theoretische+und+angewandte+Genetik&rft.issn=1432-2242&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00122-009-0997-2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-09-02 N1 - Date created - 2009-05-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00122-009-0997-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Two Arabidopsis AGC kinases are critical for the polarized growth of pollen tubes. AN - 67240870; 19144004 AB - Reproduction of flowering plants requires the growth of pollen tubes to deliver immotile sperm for fertilization. Pollen tube growth resembles that of polarized metazoan cells, in that some molecular mechanisms underlying cell polarization and growth are evolutionarily conserved, including the functions of Rho GTPases and the dynamics of the actin cytoskeleton. However, a role for AGC kinases, crucial signaling mediators in polarized metazoan cells, has yet to be shown in pollen tubes. Here we demonstrate that two Arabidopsis AGC kinases are critical for polarized growth of pollen tubes. AGC1.5 and AGC1.7 are pollen-specific genes expressed during late developmental stages. Pollen tubes of single mutants had no detectable phenotypes during in vitro or in vivo germination, whereas those of double mutants were wider and twisted, due to frequent changes of growth trajectory in vitro. Pollen tubes of the double mutant also had reduced growth and were probably compromised in response to guidance cues in vivo. In the agc1.5 background, downregulation of AGC1.7 using an antisense construct phenocopied the growth defect of double mutant pollen tubes, providing additional support for a redundant function of AGC1.5/1.7 in pollen tube growth. Using the actin marker mouse Talin, we show that pollen tubes of double mutants had relatively unaffected longitudinal actin cables but had ectopic filamentous actin, indicating disturbed control of polarity. Our results demonstrate that AGC1.5 and AGC1.7 are critical components of the internal machinery of the pollen tube leading to polarized growth of pollen tubes. JF - The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology AU - Zhang, Yan AU - He, Junmin AU - McCormick, Sheila AD - Plant Gene Expression Center, United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service, University of California at Berkeley, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, USA. yan_zhang@berkeley.edu Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 474 EP - 484 VL - 58 IS - 3 KW - Actins KW - 0 KW - Arabidopsis Proteins KW - RNA, Plant KW - Protein Kinases KW - EC 2.7.- KW - Index Medicus KW - Actins -- metabolism KW - RNA, Plant -- genetics KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Plant KW - Mutation KW - Mutagenesis, Insertional KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental KW - Arabidopsis -- enzymology KW - Protein Kinases -- metabolism KW - Arabidopsis -- genetics KW - Pollen Tube -- genetics KW - Arabidopsis Proteins -- genetics KW - Arabidopsis -- growth & development KW - Protein Kinases -- genetics KW - Pollen Tube -- cytology KW - Arabidopsis Proteins -- metabolism KW - Pollen Tube -- growth & development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67240870?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Plant+journal+%3A+for+cell+and+molecular+biology&rft.atitle=Two+Arabidopsis+AGC+kinases+are+critical+for+the+polarized+growth+of+pollen+tubes.&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Yan%3BHe%2C+Junmin%3BMcCormick%2C+Sheila&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Yan&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=474&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Plant+journal+%3A+for+cell+and+molecular+biology&rft.issn=1365-313X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-313X.2009.03792.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-06-03 N1 - Date created - 2009-05-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-313X.2009.03792.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Growth parameters of Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes, and aerobic mesophilic bacteria of apple cider amended with nisin-EDTA. AN - 67193889; 19415973 AB - The effect of nisin (0 or 300 IU/mL), ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA, 20 mM), and nisin (300 IU)-EDTA (20 mM) on growth parameters, including lag period (LP) and generation time, of Escherichia coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes, and Salmonella spp. in the presence or absence of aerobic mesophilic bacteria of apple cider during storage at 5 degrees C for up to 16 days or 23 degrees C for 16 h was investigated. The growth data were analyzed and fitted to the modified Gompertz model. The LP values for aerobic mesophilic bacteria of apple cider (control) and those amended with EDTA and nisin during storage at 5 degrees C were 1.61, 1.76, and 5.45 days, respectively. In apple cider stored at 23 degrees C for 16 h, the LP values for the same bacteria and treatment were 3.24, 3.56, and 5.85 h, respectively. The LP values for E. coli O157:H7 determined in the presence of aerobic mesophilic bacteria of apple cider stored at 23 degrees C for 16 h was 1.48 h, while populations for L. monocytogenes and Salmonella in the same cider declined. In sterile apple cider left at 23 degrees C for 16 h, the LP values for E. coli O157:H7, Salmonella, and L. monocytogenes averaged 2.74, 2.37, and 3.16 h, respectively. The generation time for these pathogens were 0.402, 0.260, and 0.187 log (CFU/mL)/h, respectively. Addition of nisin and EDTA combination caused a decline in lag phase duration and the populations for all pathogens tested, suggesting possible addition of this additive to freshly prepared apple cider to enhance its microbial safety and prevent costly recalls. JF - Foodborne pathogens and disease AU - Ukuku, Dike O AU - Zhang, Howard AU - Huang, Lihan AD - Eastern Regional Research Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Wyndmoor, Pennsylvania 19038, USA. dike.ukuku@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 487 EP - 494 VL - 6 IS - 4 KW - Food Preservatives KW - 0 KW - Nisin KW - 1414-45-5 KW - Edetic Acid KW - 9G34HU7RV0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Malus -- microbiology KW - Consumer Product Safety KW - Kinetics KW - Nisin -- pharmacology KW - Temperature KW - Colony Count, Microbial KW - Drug Synergism KW - Time Factors KW - Models, Biological KW - Edetic Acid -- pharmacology KW - Salmonella -- drug effects KW - Listeria monocytogenes -- drug effects KW - Salmonella -- growth & development KW - Listeria monocytogenes -- growth & development KW - Beverages -- microbiology KW - Food Preservatives -- pharmacology KW - Bacteria, Aerobic -- drug effects KW - Escherichia coli O157 -- drug effects KW - Food Preservation -- methods KW - Escherichia coli O157 -- growth & development KW - Bacteria, Aerobic -- growth & development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67193889?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Foodborne+pathogens+and+disease&rft.atitle=Growth+parameters+of+Escherichia+coli+O157%3AH7%2C+Salmonella+spp.%2C+Listeria+monocytogenes%2C+and+aerobic+mesophilic+bacteria+of+apple+cider+amended+with+nisin-EDTA.&rft.au=Ukuku%2C+Dike+O%3BZhang%2C+Howard%3BHuang%2C+Lihan&rft.aulast=Ukuku&rft.aufirst=Dike&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=487&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Foodborne+pathogens+and+disease&rft.issn=1556-7125&rft_id=info:doi/10.1089%2Ffpd.2008.0233 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-07-22 N1 - Date created - 2009-05-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2008.0233 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Concentrations of PCDD/PCDFs and PCBs in spent foundry sands. AN - 67189107; 19264346 AB - Approximately 10 million tons of spent foundry sand (SFS) are generated in the United States each year, and their beneficial use in agricultural and horticultural applications is being considered. Other studies have demonstrated that trace elements are low enough in sands from iron, steel, and aluminum foundries to allow their beneficial use. Because data were not available on polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, polychlorinated dibenzofurans, and polychlorinated biphenyls in SFSs, we analyzed representative spent sands from 10 foundries to assess the potential for these compounds to limit their use in soil-related applications. The total TEQ (toxicity equivalent) concentrations ranged from 0.01 to 3.13 ng TEQ kg(-1), with an average concentration of 0.58 ng TEQ kg(-1). These concentrations are within the range of natural background in soils. JF - Chemosphere AU - Dungan, Robert S AU - Huwe, Janice AU - Chaney, Rufus L AD - USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Northwest Irrigation and Soils Research Laboratory, Kimberly, ID 83341, USA. robert.dungan@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 1232 EP - 1235 VL - 75 IS - 9 KW - Benzofurans KW - 0 KW - Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Silicon Dioxide KW - 7631-86-9 KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Index Medicus KW - Agriculture KW - Metallurgy KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- analogs & derivatives KW - Soil Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- analysis KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- toxicity KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- analysis KW - Benzofurans -- analysis KW - Soil Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67189107?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Concentrations+of+PCDD%2FPCDFs+and+PCBs+in+spent+foundry+sands.&rft.au=Dungan%2C+Robert+S%3BHuwe%2C+Janice%3BChaney%2C+Rufus+L&rft.aulast=Dungan&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1232&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=1879-1298&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.chemosphere.2009.01.080 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-06-17 N1 - Date created - 2009-05-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.01.080 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Provision of multiple rather than two or fewer micronutrients more effectively improves growth and other outcomes in micronutrient-deficient children and adults. AN - 67133362; 19321586 AB - Deficiencies of multiple micronutrients (MMN) usually coexist in developing countries, but supplements have usually provided only 1 or 2 micronutrients (MN). To inform policy, in this article we compared the relative benefits of supplying MMN vs. a placebo or 1 or 2 MN on the following: children's growth, health, and development; pregnancy outcome; nutritional status; and HIV/AIDS mortality and morbidity in adults. Sufficient data were available to perform random-effects meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCT) for the effects of MMN on child growth and nutritional status. Results for other outcomes are presented as effect sizes (ES) when available. In children, MMN interventions resulted in small but significantly greater improvements in length or height (ES = 0.13; 95% CI: 0.055, 0.21) and weight (ES = 0.14; 95% CI: 0.029, 0.25), hemoglobin (ES = 0.39; 95% CI: 0.25, 0.53), serum zinc (ES = 0.23; 95% CI: 0.18, 0.43), serum retinol (ES = 0.33; 95% CI: 0.050, 0.61), and motor development. A Cochrane review reported that compared with no supplementation or a placebo, MMN supplementation during pregnancy reduced the relative risk of low birth weight (0.83), small-for-gestational age (0.92), and anemia (0.61); however, MMN were not more effective than iron + folic acid alone. There is some evidence that MMN supplementation improves CD4 counts and HIV-related morbidity and mortality in adults. The efficacy of MMN varies across trials, but overall there is evidence that outcomes are better than when providing < or =2 MN. The policy implications of these studies are discussed. JF - The Journal of nutrition AU - Allen, Lindsay H AU - Peerson, Janet M AU - Olney, Deanna K AD - USDA, Agricultural Research Service Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA 95616, USA. lindsay.allen@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 1022 EP - 1030 VL - 139 IS - 5 KW - Micronutrients KW - 0 KW - Vitamin A KW - 11103-57-4 KW - Folic Acid KW - 935E97BOY8 KW - Iron KW - E1UOL152H7 KW - Zinc KW - J41CSQ7QDS KW - Index Medicus KW - Vitamin A -- blood KW - Body Height KW - Humans KW - Zinc -- blood KW - Infant, Newborn KW - Birth Weight -- drug effects KW - Child KW - Weight Gain KW - Pregnancy KW - Child, Preschool KW - Folic Acid -- administration & dosage KW - Infant KW - Iron -- administration & dosage KW - Adult KW - Treatment Outcome KW - Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena KW - Female KW - Micronutrients -- deficiency KW - Micronutrients -- administration & dosage KW - Nutritional Status -- drug effects KW - Growth -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67133362?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+nutrition&rft.atitle=Provision+of+multiple+rather+than+two+or+fewer+micronutrients+more+effectively+improves+growth+and+other+outcomes+in+micronutrient-deficient+children+and+adults.&rft.au=Allen%2C+Lindsay+H%3BPeerson%2C+Janet+M%3BOlney%2C+Deanna+K&rft.aulast=Allen&rft.aufirst=Lindsay&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=139&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1022&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+nutrition&rft.issn=1541-6100&rft_id=info:doi/10.3945%2Fjn.107.086199 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-05-01 N1 - Date created - 2009-04-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/jn.107.086199 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reduction of selenite to elemental red selenium by Pseudomonas sp. Strain CA5. AN - 67133128; 19189180 AB - A Pseudomonas sp. that may be useful in bioremediation projects was isolated from soil. The strain is of potential value because it reduces selenite to elemental red selenium and is unusual in that it was resistant to high concentrations of both selenate and selenite. Exposure of the strain to 50, 100, and 150 mM selenite reduced growth by 28, 57, and 66%, respectively, while no change in growth was observed when the strain was exposed to 64 mM selenate, the highest level tested. Cells of the strain removed 1.7 mM selenite from the culture fluid during a 7-day incubation. A selenite reductase with a molecular weight of ~115 kD was detected in cell-free extracts and a protein with a molecular weight of ~700 kD was detected that reduced both selenate and nitrate. The bacterial isolate is a strict aerobe, reducing selenite to elemental red selenium under aerobic conditions only. Pseudomonas sp. strain CA5 might be useful as an inoculum for bioreactors used to harvest selenium from selenite-containing groundwater. 16S rRNA gene sequence alignment and fatty acid analysis were used to identify the bacterium as a novel species of Pseudomonas related to P. argentinensis, P. flavescens, and P. straminea. JF - Current microbiology AU - Hunter, William J AU - Manter, Daniel K AD - USDA-ARS, Fort Collins, CO 80526-8119, USA. william.hunter@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 493 EP - 498 VL - 58 IS - 5 KW - DNA, Bacterial KW - 0 KW - Fatty Acids KW - Nitrates KW - RNA, Ribosomal, 16S KW - Oxidoreductases KW - EC 1.- KW - Selenium KW - H6241UJ22B KW - Sodium Selenite KW - HIW548RQ3W KW - Index Medicus KW - Oxidoreductases -- isolation & purification KW - RNA, Ribosomal, 16S -- genetics KW - Drug Resistance, Bacterial KW - Nitrates -- metabolism KW - Oxidoreductases -- chemistry KW - Molecular Weight KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Oxidoreductases -- metabolism KW - DNA, Bacterial -- chemistry KW - DNA, Bacterial -- genetics KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Aerobiosis KW - Fatty Acids -- analysis KW - Pseudomonas -- genetics KW - Pseudomonas -- chemistry KW - Soil Microbiology KW - Sodium Selenite -- toxicity KW - Selenium -- metabolism KW - Selenium -- toxicity KW - Pseudomonas -- metabolism KW - Sodium Selenite -- metabolism KW - Pseudomonas -- isolation & purification UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67133128?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+microbiology&rft.atitle=Reduction+of+selenite+to+elemental+red+selenium+by+Pseudomonas+sp.+Strain+CA5.&rft.au=Hunter%2C+William+J%3BManter%2C+Daniel+K&rft.aulast=Hunter&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=493&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+microbiology&rft.issn=1432-0991&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00284-009-9358-2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-06-19 N1 - Date created - 2009-04-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Genetic sequence - FJ422810; GENBANK N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00284-009-9358-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Newer insecticides for plant virus disease management. AN - 67121273; 19152818 AB - Effective management of insect and mite vectors of plant pathogens is of crucial importance to minimize vector-borne diseases in crops. Pesticides play an important role in managing vector populations by reducing the number of individuals that can acquire and transmit a virus, thereby potentially lowering disease incidence. Certain insecticides exhibit properties other than lethal toxicity that affect feeding behaviours or otherwise interfere with virus transmission. To evaluate the potential of various treatments against the Bemisia tabaci-transmitted Cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus (CYSDV), insecticide field trials were conducted in Yuma, AZ, USA, during spring and autumn growing seasons. Differences in vector-intensity each season led to mixed results, but at least five insecticide treatments showed promise in limiting virus spread during spring 2008. Increasing concern among growers in this region regarding recent epidemics of CYSDV is leading to more intensive use of insecticides that threatens to erupt into unmanageable resistance. Sustainability of insecticides is an important goal of pest management and more specifically resistance management, especially for some of the most notorious vector species such as B. tabaci and Myzus persiscae that are likely to develop resistance. JF - Virus research AU - Castle, Steven AU - Palumbo, John AU - Prabhaker, Nilima AD - USDA-ARS, Arid-Land Agricultural Research Center, Maricopa, AZ 85238, USA. Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 131 EP - 139 VL - 141 IS - 2 SN - 0168-1702, 0168-1702 KW - Insecticides KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Insecticide Resistance KW - Arizona KW - Hemiptera -- physiology KW - Hemiptera -- virology KW - Insect Control -- methods KW - Plant Diseases -- virology KW - Insect Vectors -- virology KW - Crinivirus -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67121273?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Virus+research&rft.atitle=Newer+insecticides+for+plant+virus+disease+management.&rft.au=Castle%2C+Steven%3BPalumbo%2C+John%3BPrabhaker%2C+Nilima&rft.aulast=Castle&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=141&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Virus+research&rft.issn=01681702&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.virusres.2008.12.006 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-06-24 N1 - Date created - 2009-04-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.virusres.2008.12.006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Insertion of a heterologous gene construct into a non-functional ORF of the Streptococcus thermophilus chromosome. AN - 67115071; 19172230 AB - An integrative vector was constructed for inserting heterologous genes within a non-functional open reading frame (ORF) on the chromosome of Streptococcus thermophilus. The vector, pINTRS, contained a temperature sensitive origin of replication and an erythromycin resistance gene for initial selection in S. thermophilus. The region of the vector containing unique cloning sites, for insertion of recombinant genes, was flanked by homologous DNA sequences corresponding to a pseudogene in S. thermophilus to facilitate chromosomal integration. The gene encoding green fluorescent protein, regulated by a plasmid borne hsp promoter of S. thermophilus, was cloned into pINTRS to demonstrate proper functioning of the vector. JF - Biotechnology letters AU - Renye, John A AU - Somkuti, George A AD - Department of Agriculture, Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, 600 E. Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038, USA. john.renye@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 759 EP - 764 VL - 31 IS - 5 KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents KW - 0 KW - DNA, Bacterial KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - Green Fluorescent Proteins KW - 147336-22-9 KW - Erythromycin KW - 63937KV33D KW - Index Medicus KW - Hot Temperature KW - Recombinant Proteins -- biosynthesis KW - Green Fluorescent Proteins -- biosynthesis KW - Drug Resistance, Bacterial KW - Replication Origin KW - Genetic Vectors KW - Recombination, Genetic KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents -- pharmacology KW - Erythromycin -- pharmacology KW - Recombinant Proteins -- genetics KW - Selection, Genetic KW - Green Fluorescent Proteins -- genetics KW - Streptococcus thermophilus -- genetics KW - Open Reading Frames KW - DNA, Bacterial -- genetics KW - Chromosomes, Bacterial KW - Mutagenesis, Insertional UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67115071?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+letters&rft.atitle=Insertion+of+a+heterologous+gene+construct+into+a+non-functional+ORF+of+the+Streptococcus+thermophilus+chromosome.&rft.au=Renye%2C+John+A%3BSomkuti%2C+George+A&rft.aulast=Renye&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=759&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+letters&rft.issn=1573-6776&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10529-009-9931-6 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-05-11 N1 - Date created - 2009-04-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10529-009-9931-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The probability of growth of Listeria monocytogenes in cooked salmon and tryptic soy broth as affected by salt, smoke compound, and storage temperature. AN - 67002900; 19269565 AB - The objectives of this study were to examine and model the probability of growth of Listeria monocytogenes in cooked salmon containing salt and smoke (phenol) compound and stored at various temperatures. A growth probability model was developed, and the model was compared to a model developed from tryptic soy broth (TSB) to assess the possibility of using TSB as a substitute for salmon. A 6-strain mixture of L. monocytogenes was inoculated into minced cooked salmon and TSB containing 0-10% NaCl and 0-34 ppm phenol to levels of 10(2-3) cfu/g, and the samples were vacuum-packed and stored at 0--25 degrees C for up to 42 days. A total 32 treatments, each with 16 samples, selected by central composite designs were tested. A logistic regression was used to model the probability of growth of L. monocytogenes as a function of concentrations of salt and phenol, and storage temperature. Resulted models showed that the probabilities of growth of L. monocytogenes in both salmon and TSB decreased when the salt and/or phenol concentrations increased, and at lower storage temperatures. In general, the growth probabilities of L. monocytogenes were affected more profoundly by salt and storage temperature than by phenol. The growth probabilities of L. monocytogenes estimated by the TSB model were higher than those by the salmon model at the same salt/phenol concentrations and storage temperatures. The growth probabilities predicted by the salmon and TSB models were comparable at higher storage temperatures, indicating the potential use of TSB as a model system to substitute salmon in studying the growth behavior of L. monocytogenes may only be suitable when the temperatures of interest are in higher storage temperatures (e.g., >12 degrees C). The model for salmon demonstrated the effects of salt, phenol, and storage temperature and their interactions on the growth probabilities of L. monocytogenes, and may be used to determine the growth probability of L. monocytogenes in smoked seafood. JF - Food microbiology AU - Hwang, Cheng-An AD - Microbial Food Safety Research Unit, Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038, USA. andy.hwang@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 253 EP - 258 VL - 26 IS - 3 KW - Caseins KW - 0 KW - Protein Hydrolysates KW - Salts KW - Smoke KW - trypticase-soy broth KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Consumer Product Safety KW - Humans KW - Food Packaging -- methods KW - Temperature KW - Vacuum KW - Models, Biological KW - Kinetics KW - Colony Count, Microbial KW - Salts -- pharmacology KW - Time Factors KW - Listeria monocytogenes -- growth & development KW - Food Handling -- methods KW - Food Contamination -- analysis KW - Seafood -- microbiology KW - Food Preservation -- methods KW - Salmon -- microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67002900?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+microbiology&rft.atitle=The+probability+of+growth+of+Listeria+monocytogenes+in+cooked+salmon+and+tryptic+soy+broth+as+affected+by+salt%2C+smoke+compound%2C+and+storage+temperature.&rft.au=Hwang%2C+Cheng-An&rft.aulast=Hwang&rft.aufirst=Cheng-An&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=253&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+microbiology&rft.issn=1095-9998&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.fm.2009.01.002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-06-02 N1 - Date created - 2009-03-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fm.2009.01.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - OSL chronology of late Pleistocene glacial outwash and loess deposits near Idaho Falls, Idaho AN - 50224746; 2009-088316 AB - The late Pleistocene in the Snake River plain of eastern Idaho was characterized by braided streams transporting gravel-rich outwash from glaciated headwaters and widespread deposition of loess. Here, we present 12 new quartz single aliquot OSL ages for outwash and loess from the vicinity of Idaho Falls. OSL samples for the outwash were taken from gravel pit exposures of cross-bedded, lenticular sand beds interpreted to be bar-top deposits. These yielded ages of 25.2 + or - 1.5, 23.3 + or - 1.5, 14.4 + or - 0.8, and 12.6 + or - 0.7 ka. The older ages are from the surface of the Pinedale outwash plain at its maximal extent. We interpret the younger ages as final stages of outwash deposition before development of the Holocene Snake River. Loess was sampled in two backhoe pits on lava flows adjacent to the Snake River. Samples were collected every 20 cm and analyzed for particle size, pH, % carbonate, electrical conductivity, magnetic susceptibility, and soil properties. OSL samples were restricted to C horizons. At the 5.2 m deep Michelson pit, loess >15 m thick overlies a approximately 580 ka basalt lava flow. A weak paleosol is present near the base of the pit. A sample below this paleosol has an age of 75.3 + or - 5.2 ka, corresponding to the MIS4 early Wisconsinan period of loess deposition recognized elsewhere in the Rocky Mountains. Samples from depths of 3.80, 3.12, 1.78, and 1.05 m have ages of 21.9 + or - 1.3, 20.6 + or - 1.3, 18.4 + or -1.1, and 17.5 + or - 1.2 ka, respectively. A regression age-depth model indicates a deposition rate of 0.63 m/ka and the end of deposition at 15.7 ka. The 4.0 m deep Griffin pit samples loess trapped between pressure ridges of a late Pleistocene lava flow. Ages from depths of 4.03, 2.70, and 1.90 m are 24.3 + or - 1.9, 22.2 + or - 1.6, and 20.5 + or - 1.5 ka, with a model deposition rate of 0.56 m/ka and end of deposition at 17.2 ka. Our outwash ages suggest initiation of Pinedale glaciation in the Snake River headwaters as early as approximately 25 ka and deglaciation at approximately 13-14 ka. This is consistent with terminal moraine ages from the eastern Tetons of 14.6 and 13.5 ka (Pierce and Licciardi, 2008, Quat. Sci. Rev. 27, 814-831). The end of loess deposition at approximately 16-17 ka is similar to the timing of regional deglaciation in Idaho, the Uinta Mountains, and western Yellowstone. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Phillips, William M AU - Rittenour, Tammy M AU - Hoffmann, Glenn AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 12 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 41 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - relative age KW - Idaho KW - Bonneville County Idaho KW - Quaternary KW - clastic sediments KW - outwash KW - landform evolution KW - Idaho Falls Idaho KW - glacial features KW - paleoclimatology KW - upper Pleistocene KW - Cenozoic KW - bedding KW - planar bedding structures KW - optically stimulated luminescence KW - geochronology KW - sediments KW - moraines KW - Pleistocene KW - loess KW - Snake River plain KW - sedimentary structures KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50224746?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=OSL+chronology+of+late+Pleistocene+glacial+outwash+and+loess+deposits+near+Idaho+Falls%2C+Idaho&rft.au=Phillips%2C+William+M%3BRittenour%2C+Tammy+M%3BHoffmann%2C+Glenn%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Phillips&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=12&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, Rocky Mountain Section, 61st annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bedding; Bonneville County Idaho; Cenozoic; clastic sediments; geochronology; glacial features; Idaho; Idaho Falls Idaho; landform evolution; loess; moraines; optically stimulated luminescence; outwash; paleoclimatology; planar bedding structures; Pleistocene; Quaternary; relative age; sedimentary structures; sediments; Snake River plain; United States; upper Pleistocene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Infection of Melanoplus sanguinipes Grasshoppers following Ingestion of Rangeland Plant Species Harboring Vesicular Stomatitis Virus AN - 21498507; 12509896 AB - Knowledge of the many mechanisms of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) transmission is critical for understanding of the epidemiology of sporadic disease outbreaks in the western United States. Migratory grasshoppers [Melanoplus sanguinipes (Fabricius)] have been implicated as reservoirs and mechanical vectors of VSV. The grasshopper-cattle-grasshopper transmission cycle is based on the assumptions that (i) virus shed from clinically infected animals would contaminate pasture plants and remain infectious on plant surfaces and (ii) grasshoppers would become infected by eating the virus-contaminated plants. Our objectives were to determine the stability of VSV on common plant species of U.S. Northern Plains rangelands and to assess the potential of these plant species as a source of virus for grasshoppers. Fourteen plant species were exposed to VSV and assayed for infectious virus over time (0 to 24 h). The frequency of viable virus recovery at 24 h postexposure was as high as 73%. The two most common plant species in Northern Plains rangelands (western wheatgrass [Pascopyrum smithii] and needle and thread [Hesperostipa comata]) were fed to groups of grasshoppers. At 3 weeks postfeeding, the grasshopper infection rate was 44 to 50%. Exposure of VSV to a commonly used grasshopper pesticide resulted in complete viral inactivation. This is the first report demonstrating the stability of VSV on rangeland plant surfaces, and it suggests that a significant window of opportunity exists for grasshoppers to ingest VSV from contaminated plants. The use of grasshopper pesticides on pastures would decrease the incidence of a virus-amplifying mechanical vector and might also decontaminate pastures, thereby decreasing the inter- and intraherd spread of VSV. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Drolet, Barbara S AU - Stuart, Melissa A AU - Derner, Justin D AD - USDA, ARS, Arthropod-Borne Animal Diseases Research Laboratory, Laramie, barbara.drolet@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 3029 EP - 3033 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA VL - 75 IS - 10 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - Disease transmission KW - Melanoplus sanguinipes KW - Plant viruses KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - V 22420:Plant Diseases KW - Z 05350:Medical, Veterinary, and Agricultural Entomology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21498507?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Infection+of+Melanoplus+sanguinipes+Grasshoppers+following+Ingestion+of+Rangeland+Plant+Species+Harboring+Vesicular+Stomatitis+Virus&rft.au=Drolet%2C+Barbara+S%3BStuart%2C+Melissa+A%3BDerner%2C+Justin+D&rft.aulast=Drolet&rft.aufirst=Barbara&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=3029&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAEM.02368-08 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Plant viruses; Melanoplus sanguinipes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.02368-08 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Contribution of Bordetella bronchiseptica Filamentous Hemagglutinin and Pertactin to Respiratory Disease in Swine , AN - 21477891; 12511200 AB - Bordetella bronchiseptica is pervasive in swine populations and plays multiple roles in respiratory disease. Most studies addressing virulence factors of B. bronchiseptica are based on isolates derived from hosts other than pigs. Two well-studied virulence factors implicated in the adhesion process are filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA) and pertactin (PRN). We hypothesized that both FHA and PRN would serve critical roles in the adhesion process and be necessary for colonization of the swine respiratory tract. To investigate the role of FHA and PRN in Bordetella pathogenesis in swine, we constructed mutants containing an in-frame deletion of the FHA or the PRN structural gene in a virulent B. bronchiseptica swine isolate. Both mutants were compared to the wild-type swine isolate for their ability to colonize and cause disease in swine. Colonization of the FHA mutant was lower than that of the wild type at all respiratory tract sites and time points examined and caused limited to no disease. In contrast, the PRN mutant caused similar disease severity relative to the wild type; however, colonization of the PRN mutant was reduced relative to the wild type during early and late infection and induced higher anti-Bordetella antibody titers. Together, our results indicate that despite inducing different pathologies and antibody responses, both FHA and PRN are necessary for optimal colonization of the swine respiratory tract. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Nicholson, Tracy L AU - Brockmeier, Susan L AU - Loving, Crystal L AD - Respiratory Diseases of Livestock Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, Iowa 50010, tracy.nicholson@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 2136 EP - 2146 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA VL - 77 IS - 5 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Immunology Abstracts KW - Antibodies KW - Colonization KW - Gene deletion KW - Hemagglutinins KW - Infection KW - Respiratory tract KW - virulence factors KW - Bordetella bronchiseptica KW - J 02350:Immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21477891?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=Contribution+of+Bordetella+bronchiseptica+Filamentous+Hemagglutinin+and+Pertactin+to+Respiratory+Disease+in+Swine+%2C&rft.au=Nicholson%2C+Tracy+L%3BBrockmeier%2C+Susan+L%3BLoving%2C+Crystal+L&rft.aulast=Nicholson&rft.aufirst=Tracy&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2136&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FIAI.01379-08 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Colonization; Gene deletion; Antibodies; virulence factors; Hemagglutinins; Infection; Respiratory tract; Bordetella bronchiseptica DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/IAI.01379-08 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - b-d-Xylosidase from Selenomonas ruminantium: Thermodynamics of Enzyme-Catalyzed and Noncatalyzed Reactions AN - 21337915; 11774838 AB - b-d-Xylosidase/a-l-arabinofura nosidase from Selenomonas ruminantium is the most active enzyme known for catalyzing hydrolysis of 1,4-b-d-xylooligosaccharides to d-xylose. Temperature dependence for hydrolysis of 4-nitrophenyl-b-d-xylopyranoside (4NPX), 4-nitrophenyl-a-l-arabinofuranoside (4NPA), and 1,4-b-d-xylobiose (X2) was determined on and off (k sub(non)) the enzyme at pH5.3, which lies in the pH-independent region for k sub(cat) and k sub(non). Rate enhancements (k sub(cat)/k sub(non)) for 4NPX, 4NPA, and X2 are 4.310 super(11), 2.410 super(9), and 3.710 super(12), respectively, at 25C and increase with decreasing temperature. Relative parameters k sub(cat) super(4NPX)/k sub(cat) super(4NPA), k sub(cat) super(4NPX)/k sub(cat) super(X2), and (k sub(cat)/K sub(m)) super(4NPX)/(k[/ bold] sub(cat)/K sub(m)) super(X2) increase and (k sub(cat)/K sub(m)) super(4NPX)/(k[/ bold] sub(cat)/K sub(m)) super(4NPA), (1/K sub(m)) super(4NPX)/(1/K sub(m)) super(4NPA), and (1/K sub(m)) super(4NPX)/(1/K sub(m)) super(X2) decrease with increasing temperature. JF - Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology AU - Jordan, Douglas B AU - Braker, Jay D AD - Fermentation Biotechnology Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, 1815 N. University Street, Peoria, IL, 61604, USA, douglas.jordan@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 27 EP - 43 PB - Humana Press Inc., 999 Riverview Dr., Ste. 208 Totowa NJ 07512 USA VL - 155 IS - 1-3 SN - 0273-2289, 0273-2289 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Temperature effects KW - Thermodynamics KW - Selenomonas ruminantium KW - Enzymes KW - Hydrolysis KW - W 30940:Products UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21337915?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=b-d-Xylosidase+from+Selenomonas+ruminantium%3A+Thermodynamics+of+Enzyme-Catalyzed+and+Noncatalyzed+Reactions&rft.au=Jordan%2C+Douglas+B%3BBraker%2C+Jay+D&rft.aulast=Jordan&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=155&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=27&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=02732289&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12010-008-8397-7 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Thermodynamics; Enzymes; Hydrolysis; Selenomonas ruminantium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12010-008-8397-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pretreatment and Fractionation of Corn Stover by Soaking In Ethanol and Aqueous Ammonia AN - 21337799; 11774818 AB - A new process for pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass, designated the soaking in ethanol and aqueous ammonia (SEAA) process, was developed to improve hemicellulose preservation in solid form. In the SEAA process, an aqueous ammonia solution containing ethanol is used. Corn stover was treated with 15 wt.% ammonia at 1:9 solid-liquid ratio (by weight) at 60 C for 24 h with ethanol added at 1, 5, 20, and 49 wt.% (balance was water). The extents by which xylan was solubilized with no ethanol and with ethanol added at 1, 5, 20, and 49 wt.% of the total liquid were 17.2%, 16.7%, 14.5%, 10.4%, and 6.3% of the original xylan, respectively. Thus, at the highest ethanol concentration used the loss of hemicellulose to the liquid phase was reduced by 63%. The digestibility of glucan and xylan in the pretreated corn stover samples by cellulase was not affected by ethanol addition of up to 20 wt.%. The enzymatic digestibility of the corn stover treated with 49 wt.% ethanol added was lower than the digestibility of the sample treated with no ethanol addition. Thus, based on these results, 20 wt.% was found to be the optimum ethanol concentration for use in the SEAA process for pretreatment of corn stover. JF - Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology AU - Kim, Tae Hyun AU - Nghiem, Nhuan P AU - Hicks, Kevin B AD - Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA, 19038, USA Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 171 EP - 179 PB - Humana Press Inc., 999 Riverview Dr., Ste. 208 Totowa NJ 07512 USA VL - 153 IS - 1-3 SN - 0273-2289, 0273-2289 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Xylan KW - Ammonia KW - Digestibility KW - Preservation KW - Biomass KW - Cellulase KW - glucans KW - Ethanol KW - hemicellulose KW - W 30945:Fermentation & Cell Culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21337799?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Pretreatment+and+Fractionation+of+Corn+Stover+by+Soaking+In+Ethanol+and+Aqueous+Ammonia&rft.au=Kim%2C+Tae+Hyun%3BNghiem%2C+Nhuan+P%3BHicks%2C+Kevin+B&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Tae&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=153&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=171&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=02732289&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12010-009-8524-0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Xylan; Ammonia; Digestibility; Preservation; Biomass; glucans; Cellulase; hemicellulose; Ethanol DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12010-009-8524-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Introduction to Session 12: Advances in Enzyme Science and Technology AN - 21337554; 11774862 JF - Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology AU - Klasson, KThomas AD - USDA, Agricultural Research Service, New Orleans, LA, USA, Thomas.Klasson@ARS.USDA.GOV Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 125 EP - 126 PB - Humana Press Inc., 999 Riverview Dr., Ste. 208 Totowa NJ 07512 USA VL - 156 IS - 1-3 SN - 0273-2289, 0273-2289 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Enzymes KW - W 30940:Products UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21337554?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Introduction+to+Session+12%3A+Advances+in+Enzyme+Science+and+Technology&rft.au=Klasson%2C+KThomas&rft.aulast=Klasson&rft.aufirst=KThomas&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=156&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=125&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=02732289&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12010-009-8616-x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Enzymes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12010-009-8616-x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An a-Glucuronidase Enzyme Activity Assay Adaptable for Solid Phase Screening AN - 21324154; 11774839 AB - Glucuronic acid is a common chemical moiety that decorates the xylan polymer of hemicellulose. This chemical substituent impairs both enzymatic and acidic hydrolysis of xylosidic bonds. The a-glucuronidase enzyme hydrolyzes the 1,2-linked glucuronic acid from the terminal, non-reducing xylose of xylo-oligosaccharides. There are relatively few a-glucuronidase genes in the public databases. We have developed an assay with commercially available reagents that can be used to search DNA libraries for a-glucuronidase genes in a high-throughput, solid phase activity screen. JF - Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology AU - Lee, Charles C AU - Wagschal, Kurt AU - Kibblewhite-Accinelli, Rena E AU - Orts, William J AU - Robertson, George H AU - Wong, Dominic WS AD - USDA-ARS, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA, 94710, USA, CLEE@pw.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 11 EP - 17 PB - Humana Press Inc., 999 Riverview Dr., Ste. 208 Totowa NJ 07512 USA VL - 155 IS - 1-3 SN - 0273-2289, 0273-2289 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Databases KW - Xylose KW - Xylan KW - DNA KW - Enzymes KW - Hydrolysis KW - hemicellulose KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21324154?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=An+a-Glucuronidase+Enzyme+Activity+Assay+Adaptable+for+Solid+Phase+Screening&rft.au=Lee%2C+Charles+C%3BWagschal%2C+Kurt%3BKibblewhite-Accinelli%2C+Rena+E%3BOrts%2C+William+J%3BRobertson%2C+George+H%3BWong%2C+Dominic+WS&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=155&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=11&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=02732289&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12010-008-8408-8 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Databases; Xylose; Xylan; DNA; Enzymes; Hydrolysis; hemicellulose DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12010-008-8408-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Production of Astaxanthin from Corn Fiber as a Value-Added Co-product of Fuel Ethanol Fermentation AN - 21318115; 11774824 AB - Five strains of the yeast Phaffia rhodozyma, NRRL Y-17268, NRRL Y-17270, ATCC 96594 (CBS 6938), ATCC 24202 (UCD 67-210), and ATCC 74219 (UBV-AX2) were tested for astaxanthin production using the major sugars derived from corn fiber. The sugars tested included glucose, xylose, and arabinose. All five strains were able to utilize the three sugars for astaxanthin production. Among them, ATCC 74219 was the best astaxanthin producer. Kinetics of sugar utilization of this strain was studied, both with the individual sugars and with their mixtures. Arabinose was found to give the highest astaxanthin yield. It also was observed that glucose at high concentrations suppressed utilization of the other two sugars. Corn fiber hydrolysate obtained by dilute sulfuric acid pretreatment and subsequent enzyme hydrolysis was tested for astaxanthin production by strain ATCC 74219. Dilution of the hydrolysate was necessary to allow growth and astaxanthin production. All the sugars in the hydrolysate diluted with two volumes of water were completely consumed. Astaxanthin yield of 0.82mg/g total sugars consumed was observed. JF - Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology AU - Nghiem, Nhuan P AU - Montanti, Justin AU - Johnston, David AD - Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA, 19038, USA, John.Nghiem@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 48 EP - 58 PB - Humana Press Inc., 999 Riverview Dr., Ste. 208 Totowa NJ 07512 USA VL - 154 IS - 1-3 SN - 0273-2289, 0273-2289 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Sugar KW - Xylose KW - Fermentation KW - Fuels KW - Phaffia rhodozyma KW - Glucose KW - Enzymes KW - Hydrolysis KW - Fibers KW - Kinetics KW - Arabinose KW - Sulfuric acid KW - Astaxanthin KW - Hydrolysates KW - Ethanol KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology KW - W 30945:Fermentation & Cell Culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21318115?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Production+of+Astaxanthin+from+Corn+Fiber+as+a+Value-Added+Co-product+of+Fuel+Ethanol+Fermentation&rft.au=Nghiem%2C+Nhuan+P%3BMontanti%2C+Justin%3BJohnston%2C+David&rft.aulast=Nghiem&rft.aufirst=Nhuan&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=154&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=48&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=02732289&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12010-008-8399-5 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sugar; Xylose; Fermentation; Fuels; Glucose; Enzymes; Hydrolysis; Fibers; Kinetics; Sulfuric acid; Arabinose; Astaxanthin; Hydrolysates; Ethanol; Phaffia rhodozyma DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12010-008-8399-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification of Chemicals Emitted by Calling Males of the Sapote Fruit Fly, Anastrepha serpentina AN - 21304459; 11768862 AB - Emissions from sexually active Anastrepha serpentina males were collected by solid-phase microextraction. Calling behavior of wild-type males showed no clear peak during the day, except that it was evident less frequently immediately after daybreak and just before dark. Calling by laboratory males was highest between 8 and 11h after onset of the photophase, and mating by wild flies occurred mostly between 6 and 10h after onset of the photophase. Two major components of male emissions were identified as 2,5-dimethylpyrazine (DMP) and 3,6-dihydro-2,5-dimethylpyrazine (DHDMP). DHDMP was synthesized, and the identity of the natural product confirmed by comparison of gas chromatographic retention times and mass spectrum. Emissions of DMP and DHMP were greatest during peak calling behavior, with males emitting up to 1.8 and 3.3kg/h of DMP and DHDMP, respectively. A minor component, which did not vary with time of day, was identified as 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine. To our knowledge, this is the first report of 3,6-dihydro-2,5-dimethylpyrazine in nature. JF - Journal of Chemical Ecology AU - Robacker, David C AU - Aluja, Martin AU - Bartelt, Robert J AU - Patt, Joseph AD - Crop Bioprotection Research, ARS, USDA, 1815 N. University St., Peoria, IL, 61604-3902, USA, Robert.Bartelt@sbcglobal.net Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 601 EP - 609 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 35 IS - 5 SN - 0098-0331, 0098-0331 KW - Chemoreception Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Animal Behavior Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - Anastrepha serpentina KW - Calling behavior KW - R 18050:Chemoreception correlates of behavior KW - Z 05340:Ecology and Behavior KW - Y 25060:Ontogeny KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21304459?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Chemical+Ecology&rft.atitle=Identification+of+Chemicals+Emitted+by+Calling+Males+of+the+Sapote+Fruit+Fly%2C+Anastrepha+serpentina&rft.au=Robacker%2C+David+C%3BAluja%2C+Martin%3BBartelt%2C+Robert+J%3BPatt%2C+Joseph&rft.aulast=Robacker&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=601&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Chemical+Ecology&rft.issn=00980331&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10886-009-9631-7 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Calling behavior; Anastrepha serpentina DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10886-009-9631-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Addition of an N-terminal epitope tag significantly increases the activity of plant fatty acid desaturases expressed in yeast cells AN - 21250818; 11726352 AB - Saccharomyces cerevisiae shows great potential for development of bioreactor systems geared toward the production of high-value lipids such as polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids, the yields of which are largely dependent on the activity of ectopically expressed enzymes. Here, we show that the addition of an N-terminal epitope tag sequence (either Myc or hemagglutinin) to oleate desaturase (FAD2) or omega-3 linoleate desaturase (FAD3) enzymes from plants, which catalyze consecutive reactions in the production of long chain omega-3 fatty acids, significantly increases their activity up to fourfold when expressed in yeast cells. Quantitative protein blotting using an antibody specific for native FAD2 revealed that the steady-state amount of the epitope-tagged FAD2 protein was also approximately fourfold higher than that of its untagged counterpart, demonstrating a direct relationship between the epitope tag-induced increase in enzyme amount and fatty acid product formation. Protein half-life and RNA blotting experiments indicated that the half-lives and mRNA content of the tagged and untagged FAD2 proteins were essentially the same, suggesting that the epitope tags increased protein abundance by improving translational efficiency. Taken together, these results indicate that the addition of an epitope tag sequence to a plant fatty acid desaturase (FAD) not only provides a useful means for protein immunodetection using highly specific, commercially available antibodies, but that it also significantly increases FAD activity and the production of polyunsaturated fatty acids in yeast cells. JF - Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology AU - O'Quin, Jami B AU - Mullen, Robert T AU - Dyer, John M AD - United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, US Arid-Land Agricultural Research Center, 21881 North Cardon Lane, Maricopa, AZ, 85238, USA, john.dyer@ars.usda.gov PY - 2009 SP - 117 EP - 125 PB - Springer-Verlag, Heidelberger Platz 3 Berlin 14197 Germany VL - 83 IS - 1 SN - 0175-7598, 0175-7598 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Translation KW - Hemagglutinins KW - Lipids KW - Enzymes KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae KW - mRNA KW - Myc protein KW - flavin-adenine dinucleotide KW - Antibodies KW - Bioreactors KW - Fatty acids KW - Polyunsaturated fatty acids KW - desaturase KW - Epitopes KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21250818?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Microbiology+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Addition+of+an+N-terminal+epitope+tag+significantly+increases+the+activity+of+plant+fatty+acid+desaturases+expressed+in+yeast+cells&rft.au=O%27Quin%2C+Jami+B%3BMullen%2C+Robert+T%3BDyer%2C+John+M&rft.aulast=O%27Quin&rft.aufirst=Jami&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=117&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Microbiology+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=01757598&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00253-008-1826-2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Translation; Lipids; Hemagglutinins; Enzymes; mRNA; Myc protein; Antibodies; flavin-adenine dinucleotide; Bioreactors; Fatty acids; Polyunsaturated fatty acids; desaturase; Epitopes; Saccharomyces cerevisiae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00253-008-1826-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparing fire spread algorithms using equivalence testing and neutral landscape models AN - 21225890; 11719355 AB - We demonstrate a method to evaluate the degree to which a meta-model approximates spatial disturbance processes represented by a more detailed model across a range of landscape conditions, using neutral landscapes and equivalence testing. We illustrate this approach by comparing burn patterns produced by a relatively simple fire spread algorithm with those generated by a more detailed fire behavior model from which the simpler algorithm was derived. Equivalence testing allows objective comparisons of the output of simple and complex models, to determine if the results are significantly similar. Neutral landscape models represent a range of landscape conditions that the model may encounter, allowing evaluation of the sensitivity and behavior of the model to different landscape compositions and configurations. We first tested the model for universal applicability, then narrowed the testing to assess the practical domain of applicability. As a whole, the calibrated simple model passed the test for significant equivalence using the 25% threshold. When applied to a range of landscape conditions different from the calibration scenarios, the model failed the tests for equivalence. Although our particular model failed the tests, the neutral landscape models were helpful in determining an appropriate domain of applicability and in assessing the model sensitivity to landscape changes. Equivalence testing provides an effective method for model comparison, and coupled with neutral landscapes, our approach provides an objective way to assess the domain of applicability of a spatial model. JF - Landscape Ecology AU - Miranda, Brian R AU - Sturtevant, Brian R AU - Yang, Jian AU - Gustafson, Eric J AD - Institute for Applied Ecosystem Studies, USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, 5985 Highway K, Rhinelander, WI, 54501, USA, brmiranda@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 587 EP - 598 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 24 IS - 5 SN - 0921-2973, 0921-2973 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Burns KW - Sensitivity KW - Fires KW - disturbance KW - Landscape KW - Algorithms KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21225890?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Landscape+Ecology&rft.atitle=Comparing+fire+spread+algorithms+using+equivalence+testing+and+neutral+landscape+models&rft.au=Miranda%2C+Brian+R%3BSturtevant%2C+Brian+R%3BYang%2C+Jian%3BGustafson%2C+Eric+J&rft.aulast=Miranda&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=587&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Landscape+Ecology&rft.issn=09212973&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10980-009-9343-y LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Burns; Fires; Landscape; Algorithms; Sensitivity; disturbance DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10980-009-9343-y ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transovarial Transmission of Francisella-Like Endosymbionts and Anaplasma phagocytophilum Variants in Dermacentor albipictus (Acari: Ixodidae) AN - 21202825; 11588538 AB - Dermacentor albipictus (Packard) is a North American tick that feeds on cervids and livestock. It is a suspected vector of anaplasmosis in cattle, but its microbial flora and vector potential remain underevaluated. We screened D. albipictus ticks collected from Minnesota white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) for bacteria of the genera Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, Francisella, and Rickettsia using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) gene amplification and sequence analyses. We detected Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Francisella-like endosymbionts (FLEs) in nymphal and adult ticks of both sexes at 45 and 94% prevalences, respectively. The A. phagocytophilum and FLEs were transovarially transmitted to F1 larvae by individual ticks at efficiencies of 10-40 and 95-100%, respectively. The FLEs were transovarially transmitted to F2 larvae obtained as progeny of adults from F1 larval ticks reared to maturity on a calf, but A. phagocytophilum were not. Based on PCR and tissue culture inoculation assays, A. phagocytophilum and FLEs were not transmitted to the calf. The amplified FLE 16S rRNA gene sequences were identical to that of an FLE detected in a D. albipictus from Texas, whereas those of the A. phagocytophilum were nearly identical to those of probable human-nonpathogenic A. phagocytophilum WI-1 and WI-2 variants detected in white-tailed deer from central Wisconsin. However, the D. albipictus A. phagocytophilum sequences differed from that of the nonpathogenic A. phagocytophilum variant-1 associated with Ixodes scapularis ticks and white-tailed deer as well as that of the human-pathogenic A. phagocytophilum ha variant associated with I. scapularis and the white-footed mouse, Peromyscus leucopus. The transovarial transmission of A. phagocytophilum variants in Dermacentor ticks suggests that maintenance of A. phagocytophilum in nature may not be solely dependent on horizontal transmission. JF - Journal of Medical Entomology AU - Baldridge, Gerald D AU - Scoles, GlenA AU - Burkhardt, Nicole Y AU - Schloeder, Brian AU - Kurtti, Timothy J AU - Munderloh, Ulrike G AD - USDA-ARS, Animal Disease Research Unit, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164. Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 625 EP - 632 PB - Entomological Society of America, 9301 Annapolis Rd. Lanham MD 20706 USA VL - 46 IS - 3 SN - 0022-2585, 0022-2585 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Immunology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Entomology Abstracts KW - Anaplasmosis KW - Acari KW - Disease transmission KW - J 02410:Animal Diseases KW - Z 05350:Medical, Veterinary, and Agricultural Entomology KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology KW - F 06910:Microorganisms & Parasites UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21202825?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Medical+Entomology&rft.atitle=Transovarial+Transmission+of+Francisella-Like+Endosymbionts+and+Anaplasma+phagocytophilum+Variants+in+Dermacentor+albipictus+%28Acari%3A+Ixodidae%29&rft.au=Baldridge%2C+Gerald+D%3BScoles%2C+GlenA%3BBurkhardt%2C+Nicole+Y%3BSchloeder%2C+Brian%3BKurtti%2C+Timothy+J%3BMunderloh%2C+Ulrike+G&rft.aulast=Baldridge&rft.aufirst=Gerald&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=625&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Medical+Entomology&rft.issn=00222585&rft_id=info:doi/10.1603%2F033.046.0330 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Disease transmission; Acari DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/033.046.0330 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of Yeasts and Yeast Products in Larval and Adult Diets for the Oriental Fruit Fly, Bactrocera dorsalis, and Adult Diets for the Medfly, Ceratitis capitata, and the Melon Fly, Bactrocera curcurbitae AN - 21200348; 11588707 AB - Several yeasts and yeast products were tested in adult diets for the medfly Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), and melon fly, Bactrocera curcurbitae (Coquillett) (Diptera: Tephritidae) and in larval liquid diet for mass-rearing B. dorsalis. Three hydrolyzed brewer's yeasts (FNILS65, FNI200 and FNI210), one glutamine enriched yeast (GSH), one vitamin-enriched yeast (RDA500), Korea yeast, whole cell yeasts, and combinations of them were evaluated. Adult flies fed on a diet with FNI210FNI210 + GSH and RDA500 produced the highest number of eggs in all three tested fruit fly species. However, no significant difference was seen in egg hatch from flies fed on these diets with yeast in comparison to the control standard diet. When these yeasts were incorporated into a larval liquid diet with wheat germ oil, FNI200 and FNIL65 showed significantly higher pupal recovery than those from FNI210 and better adult flying and mating than those from Korea yeast. Glutamine enriched yeast enhanced fly performance, especially with FNI200 + GSH and FNILS65 + GSH, but not vitamin enriched yeast. Among the larvae reared with FNI200 + GSH, FNILS65 + GSH and torula yeast, those reared in FNILS65 + GSH diet with wheat germ oil developed the best. In order to select the most cost-effective yeast for liquid diet, FNILS65 + GSH and wheat germ oil was combined with whole cell yeast (LBI2240 series) and compared to the control diet (conventional mill feed diet currently used in the rearing facility). A ratio of 3:1 of LBI2240 and FNILS65 + wheat germ oil was selected as the most effective yeast for oriental fruit fly liquid larval diet based on cost and performance parameters. JF - Journal of Insect Science (Tucson) AU - Ling Chang, Chiou AD - U. S. Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, USDA-ARS, 2727 Woodlawn Drive, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822 Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 1 EP - 9 PB - University of Wisconsin Library, 1510 East University Tucson AZ 85721-0055 USA VL - 9 IS - 23 SN - 1536-2442, 1536-2442 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Entomology Abstracts KW - Ceratitis capitata KW - Diets KW - Bactrocera dorsalis KW - Glutamine KW - Wheat germ KW - Torula KW - Bactrocera curcurbitae KW - Tephritidae KW - Eggs KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae KW - Oil KW - Triticum aestivum KW - Mating KW - Vitamins KW - Diptera KW - Z 05340:Ecology and Behavior KW - K 03400:Human Diseases KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21200348?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Insect+Science+%28Tucson%29&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+Yeasts+and+Yeast+Products+in+Larval+and+Adult+Diets+for+the+Oriental+Fruit+Fly%2C+Bactrocera+dorsalis%2C+and+Adult+Diets+for+the+Medfly%2C+Ceratitis+capitata%2C+and+the+Melon+Fly%2C+Bactrocera+curcurbitae&rft.au=Ling+Chang%2C+Chiou&rft.aulast=Ling+Chang&rft.aufirst=Chiou&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Insect+Science+%28Tucson%29&rft.issn=15362442&rft_id=info:doi/10.1673%2F031.009.2301 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-04-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Oil; Diets; Mating; Glutamine; Vitamins; Wheat germ; Eggs; Ceratitis capitata; Triticum aestivum; Bactrocera dorsalis; Torula; Bactrocera curcurbitae; Diptera; Tephritidae; Saccharomyces cerevisiae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1673/031.009.2301 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification of Genes Differentially Expressed During Heat Shock Treatment in Aedes aegypti AN - 21191629; 11588543 AB - Temperature is important for mosquito development and physiological response. Several genes of heat shock protein (HSP) families are known to be expressed in mosquitoes and may be crucial in responding to stress induced by elevated temperature. Suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) was used to identify target transcripts to heat shock treatment in female Aedes aegypti. Subtraction was performed in both directions enriching for cDNAs differentially expressed between a non- heat shock control and heat shock treatment. Heat shock treatment of female Ae. aegypti was carried out for 1 h at 42C. Clones from differentially expressed genes were evaluated by sequencing. Target transcripts up-regulated by heat shock included five different HSP gene families and 27 other genes, such as cytochrome c oxidase, serine-type endopeptidase, and glutamyl aminopeptidase. Additionally, some novel genes, cytoskeleton and ribosomal genes, were found to be differentially expressed, and three novel up-regulated sequences belonging to a low-abundance class of transcripts were obtained. Up-regulated/down-regulated transcripts from heat shock treatment were further confirmed and quantified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). High temperatures can alter the gene expression of a vector mosquito population, and further characterization of these differentially expressed genes will provide information useful in understanding the genetic response to heat shock treatment, which can be used to develop novel approaches to genetic control. JF - Journal of Medical Entomology AU - Zhao, Liming AU - Pridgeon, Julia W AU - Becnel, James J AU - Clark, Gary G AU - Linthicum, Kenneth J Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 490 EP - 495 PB - Entomological Society of America, 9301 Annapolis Rd. Lanham MD 20706 USA VL - 46 IS - 3 SN - 0022-2585, 0022-2585 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Entomology Abstracts KW - Temperature effects KW - Cytochromes KW - Aedes aegypti KW - Heat shock proteins KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Stress KW - Cytochrome-c oxidase KW - Pest control KW - Hosts KW - Expression vectors KW - Cytoskeleton KW - Gene expression KW - Population genetics KW - Glutamyl aminopeptidase KW - Heat shock KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Genetic control KW - Aquatic insects KW - endopeptidase KW - Q3 08581:Aquaculture: General KW - Q1 08581:General KW - Z 05350:Medical, Veterinary, and Agricultural Entomology KW - G 07730:Development & Cell Cycle KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21191629?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Medical+Entomology&rft.atitle=Identification+of+Genes+Differentially+Expressed+During+Heat+Shock+Treatment+in+Aedes+aegypti&rft.au=Zhao%2C+Liming%3BPridgeon%2C+Julia+W%3BBecnel%2C+James+J%3BClark%2C+Gary+G%3BLinthicum%2C+Kenneth+J&rft.aulast=Zhao&rft.aufirst=Liming&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=490&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Medical+Entomology&rft.issn=00222585&rft_id=info:doi/10.1603%2F033.046.0312 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Gene expression; Cytochromes; Population genetics; Nucleotide sequence; Polymerase chain reaction; Heat shock; Pest control; Hosts; Aquatic insects; Cytoskeleton; Expression vectors; Temperature effects; Heat shock proteins; Stress; Glutamyl aminopeptidase; Genetic control; Cytochrome-c oxidase; endopeptidase; Aedes aegypti DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/033.046.0312 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Primary Productivity and Precipitation-Use Efficiency in Mixed-Grass Prairie: A Comparison of Northern and Southern US Sites AN - 21189974; 11588313 AB - Precipitation-use efficiency (PUE) is a key determinant of aboveground net primary production (ANPP). We used long-term datasets to contrast ANPP and PUE estimates between northern (southeast Montana) and southern (north Texas) mixed-grass prairies. Effects of varying amounts and temporal distribution of precipitation on PUE were examined at the Montana site, using a rainout shelter and irrigation. Results show that 1) ANPP was 21% less in Montana than Texas (188 g.m-2 vs. 237 g.m-2); 2) plant function type (PFT) composition varied between the two study locations, with cool-season perennial grasses (CSPG) dominating in Montana (52%) and warm-season perennial grasses (WSPG) dominating in Texas (47%); 3) production dynamics varied between the two sites with 90% of ANPP completed by 1 July in Montana as compared to 31 August in Texas; 4) average PUE estimates were greater in Montana (0.56 g dry matter.m-2.mm-1 of precipitation) than Texas (0.40 g.m-2.mm-1); and 5) contributions to PUE estimates varied among PFT and location, with CSPG estimates being greater in Montana than Texas (52% vs. 31%) and WSPG estimates being greater in Texas than Montana (47% vs. 27%). Seasonal droughts and supplemental irrigations at the Montana site substantially altered ANPP, PFT biomass composition, and PUE. Results show PUE was responsive to PFT composition relative to amount and seasonal distribution of precipitation. Therefore, one should expect changes in ANPP and PUE to occur with shifts in precipitation patterns until PFT composition becomes adjusted to the regime. JF - Rangeland Ecology & Management AU - Vermeire, Lance T AU - Heitschmidt, Rod K AU - Rinella, Matthew J Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 230 EP - 239 PB - Society for Range Management VL - 62 IS - 3 SN - 1550-7424, 1550-7424 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Grasses KW - Rainfall KW - Primary production KW - Prairies KW - Efficiency KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - seasonal distribution KW - Droughts KW - Seasonal variations KW - USA, Montana KW - prairies KW - Irrigation KW - Shelter KW - Precipitation KW - Biomass KW - Rangelands KW - temporal distribution KW - USA, Texas KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21189974?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rangeland+Ecology+%26+Management&rft.atitle=Primary+Productivity+and+Precipitation-Use+Efficiency+in+Mixed-Grass+Prairie%3A+A+Comparison+of+Northern+and+Southern+US+Sites&rft.au=Vermeire%2C+Lance+T%3BHeitschmidt%2C+Rod+K%3BRinella%2C+Matthew+J&rft.aulast=Vermeire&rft.aufirst=Lance&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=230&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Rangeland+Ecology+%26+Management&rft.issn=15507424&rft_id=info:doi/10.2111%2F07-140R2.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA, Montana; USA, Texas; Rainfall; Irrigation; Efficiency; prairies; Grasses; Seasonal variations; Primary production; temporal distribution; Sulfur dioxide; Rangelands; Droughts; seasonal distribution; Biomass; Precipitation; Prairies; Shelter DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2111/07-140R2.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Strawberry-Flavored Baits for Pharmaceutical Delivery to Feral Swine AN - 21154902; 11204226 AB - More effective methods to control feral swine (Sus scrofa) damage are needed. We evaluated 8 oral delivery systems designed to deliver pharmaceuticals to feral swine on 2 properties in southern Texas, USA. We used modified PIGOUT registered feral pig bait (Animal Control Technologies Australia P/L, Somerton, Victoria, Australia) throughout our trials to compare species-specific visitation and removal rates. Given our consistent finding of high nontarget removal of baits intended for feral swine, we question whether a swine-specific oral delivery system exists for this region. JF - Journal of Wildlife Management AU - Campbell, Tyler A AU - Long, David B AD - United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, TX 78363, USA Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 615 EP - 619 PB - Wildlife Society, 5410 Grosvenor Lane Bethesda MD 20814-2197 USA VL - 73 IS - 4 SN - 0022-541X, 0022-541X KW - Animal Behavior Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Wildlife management KW - Sus scrofa KW - Pharmaceuticals KW - Fragaria KW - Y 25040:Behavioral Ecology KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21154902?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Wildlife+Management&rft.atitle=Strawberry-Flavored+Baits+for+Pharmaceutical+Delivery+to+Feral+Swine&rft.au=Campbell%2C+Tyler+A%3BLong%2C+David+B&rft.aulast=Campbell&rft.aufirst=Tyler&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=615&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Wildlife+Management&rft.issn=0022541X&rft_id=info:doi/10.2193%2F2008-326 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sus scrofa; Fragaria; Pharmaceuticals; Wildlife management DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2193/2008-326 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relationships Between Adult Abdominal Color and Reproductive Potential in Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) AN - 21140274; 11204745 AB - Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), a vector of huanglongbing (citrus greening disease), exhibits three more or less distinct abdominal colors in the adult stage: gray/brown, blue/green, and orange/yellow. A previous report showed that, relative to blue/green individuals, gray/brown individuals of both sexes have lower body mass, and gray/brown females may have lower reproductive output. In the present investigation, we directly examined the relationships between female and male abdominal color and reproductive output. We also assessed how psyllid body mass was influenced by transfer to fresh plant material and how female and male abdominal color affected behavioral responses of males to crushed females in a petri dish assay. Relative to blue/green females, gray/brown females exhibited lower fecundity over the first 2-5 d after mating, but fecundity did not differ over the remainder of a 21-d observation period. Regardless of abdominal color, females mated with gray/brown males showed an earlier, sharper peak in fecundity, whereas females mated with blue/green males showed a later, more gradual peak in fecundity. Gray/brown males elicited lower egg fertility in their mates, but egg fertility did not vary according to female abdominal color. Males-irrespective of abdominal color-exhibited stronger evidence of attraction to crushed blue/ green females than to crushed gray/brown females. Gray/brown individuals of both sexes showed an increase in body mass 5-6 d after transfer to a new citrus seedling, suggesting that abdominal color (which is closely related to body mass) may be influenced at least in part by plant quality. JF - Annals of the Entomological Society of America AU - Wenninger, Erik J AU - Stelinski, Lukasz L AU - Hall, David G AD - USDA-ARS, U.S. Horticultural Research Laboratory, 2001 South Rock Rd., Fort Pierce, FL 34945. Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 476 EP - 483 PB - Entomological Society of America, 9301 Annapolis Rd. Lanham MD 20706 USA VL - 102 IS - 3 SN - 0013-8746, 0013-8746 KW - Animal Behavior Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - Asian citrus psyllid KW - body color KW - pigment KW - reproductive output KW - fecundity KW - Citrus KW - Fertility KW - Body mass KW - Psyllidae KW - Hemiptera KW - Color KW - Greening KW - Mating KW - Fecundity KW - body mass KW - Kuwayama KW - Diaphorina citri KW - Seedlings KW - Sex KW - Y 25040:Behavioral Ecology KW - Z 05340:Ecology and Behavior KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21140274?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+the+Entomological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Relationships+Between+Adult+Abdominal+Color+and+Reproductive+Potential+in+Diaphorina+citri+%28Hemiptera%3A+Psyllidae%29&rft.au=Wenninger%2C+Erik+J%3BStelinski%2C+Lukasz+L%3BHall%2C+David+G&rft.aulast=Wenninger&rft.aufirst=Erik&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=476&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+the+Entomological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00138746&rft_id=info:doi/10.1603%2F008.102.0318 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mating; Fertility; Fecundity; Body mass; Seedlings; Greening; Sex; Color; fecundity; body mass; Citrus; Kuwayama; Psyllidae; Diaphorina citri; Hemiptera DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/008.102.0318 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vibrational Communication Between the Sexes in Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) AN - 21137542; 11204726 AB - We examined the substrate-borne vibrational signals used in communication between the sexes in Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), a vector of huanglongbing (an economically devastating disease of citrus), in an anechoic chamber and an olfactometer. Males and females both primarily produced simple, low-amplitude vibrational signals at multiples of 170-250 Hz, ranging in duration from 140 to 700 ms. The vibrational frequencies of males and females were negatively correlated with mass, but the correlation was statistically significant only for males. Females replied to male calls within an interval of 0.3-1.2 s. Such signals are within the ranges of signals observed for other psyllids. Female-female interactions were occasionally observed. Intervals between male calls were not significantly different whether or not females replied. In an olfactometer, calling rate did not differ between virgin males exposed to odors from virgin females on citrus versus those exposed only to clean air. However, the latent period for initialization of calling was significantly shorter for males exposed to clean air, suggesting that in the absence of olfactory cues psyllids might be more inclined to use acoustic signals to communicate with conspecifics. Moreover, calling rate and latency to initialization of calling were positively and negatively correlated, respectively, with male age, suggesting that males are more likely to call the longer they remain unmated. JF - Annals of the Entomological Society of America AU - Wenninger, Erik J AU - Hall, David G AU - Mankin, Richard W AD - USDA-ARS, U.S. Horticultural Research Laboratory, 2001 South Rock Rd., Fort Pierce, FL 34945. Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 547 EP - 555 PB - Entomological Society of America, 9301 Annapolis Rd. Lanham MD 20706 USA VL - 102 IS - 3 SN - 0013-8746, 0013-8746 KW - Animal Behavior Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - Citrus KW - Age KW - Statistical analysis KW - Odors KW - Odor KW - Diaphorina citri KW - Cadmium KW - Sex KW - Acoustics KW - Olfactometers KW - Psyllidae KW - Hemiptera KW - Communications KW - Vocalization behavior KW - Kuwayama KW - Chemical communication KW - conspecifics KW - Latent period KW - Z 05300:General KW - Y 25010:Communication KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21137542?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+the+Entomological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Vibrational+Communication+Between+the+Sexes+in+Diaphorina+citri+%28Hemiptera%3A+Psyllidae%29&rft.au=Wenninger%2C+Erik+J%3BHall%2C+David+G%3BMankin%2C+Richard+W&rft.aulast=Wenninger&rft.aufirst=Erik&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=547&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+the+Entomological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00138746&rft_id=info:doi/10.1603%2F008.102.0327 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-04-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Vocalization behavior; Acoustics; Statistical analysis; Odor; Olfactometers; Chemical communication; Latent period; Sex; Age; Communications; Cadmium; Odors; conspecifics; Citrus; Kuwayama; Psyllidae; Diaphorina citri; Hemiptera DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/008.102.0327 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Co-Occurrence of the Invasive Banded and European Elm Bark Beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) in North America AN - 21127164; 11204751 AB - The invasive European elm bark beetle, Scolytus multistriatus (Marsham), was detected in Massachusetts a century ago, and it now occurs throughout the continental United States and southern Canada. The Asian banded elm bark beetle, Scolytus schevyrewi Semenov, was discovered in the United States in 2003, and now occurs in 28 states and the province of Alberta, Canada. Although the indigenous populations of these two species are allopatric, the invasive populations are now sympatric in North America where they co-colonize elm (Ulmus spp.) trees. A large-scale survey of these two Scolytus species was conducted with baited funnel traps, Plexiglas panel traps, and Ulmus pumila L. trap logs. Sites (four per locality) were monitored around Sacramento, CA; Reno, NV; Ogden, UT; Newcastle, WY; and Fort Collins, CO (2006-2007), and Manhattan, KS, and Columbia, MO (both only in 2007). Trap catches of S. schevrewyi relative to both Scolytus species captured from all three trapping methods at each survey site were 90 and 89% in Colorado, 90 and 83% in Wyoming, 60 and 68% in Utah, 43 and 68% in Nevada, and 11 and 13% in California (all in 2006 and 2007, respectively), and 3.3% in Kansas and 2.7% in Missouri (both only in 2007). Elevated abundances of S. schevyrewi at survey sites in Colorado and Wyoming could be the result of competitive displacement of S. multistriatus by S. schevyrewi, whose occurrence and mechanism require further study. General seasonal trends from all sites indicated peak flight in July and August for S. schevyrewi and two peaks (May-June and July-August) for S. multistriatus. Funnel traps baited with Multilure and 2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol were highly attractive to S. multistriatus, and mildly attractive to S. schevyrewi, whereas panel traps caught few beetles. The U. pumila trap logs were a more sensitive monitoring tool for detecting the presence of S. schevyrewi. JF - Annals of the Entomological Society of America AU - Lee, Jana C AU - Aguayo, Ingrid AU - Aslin, Ray AU - Durham, Gail AU - Hamud, Shakeer M AU - Moltzan, Bruce D AU - Munson, ASteve AU - Negron, Jose F AU - Peterson, Travis AU - Ragenovich, Iral R AU - Witcosky, Jeffrey J AU - Seybold, Steven J AD - USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Chemical Ecology of Forest Insects, 720 Olive Dr., Suite D, Davis, CA 95616. Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 426 EP - 436 PB - Entomological Society of America, 9301 Annapolis Rd. Lanham MD 20706 USA VL - 102 IS - 3 SN - 0013-8746, 0013-8746 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - Scolytus multistriatus KW - Flight KW - Scolytidae KW - Coleoptera KW - Scolytus KW - Trees KW - Sympatric populations KW - Traps KW - Ulmus KW - Ulmus pumila KW - Trapping KW - Z 05340:Ecology and Behavior KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21127164?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+the+Entomological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Co-Occurrence+of+the+Invasive+Banded+and+European+Elm+Bark+Beetles+%28Coleoptera%3A+Scolytidae%29+in+North+America&rft.au=Lee%2C+Jana+C%3BAguayo%2C+Ingrid%3BAslin%2C+Ray%3BDurham%2C+Gail%3BHamud%2C+Shakeer+M%3BMoltzan%2C+Bruce+D%3BMunson%2C+ASteve%3BNegron%2C+Jose+F%3BPeterson%2C+Travis%3BRagenovich%2C+Iral+R%3BWitcosky%2C+Jeffrey+J%3BSeybold%2C+Steven+J&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Jana&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=426&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+the+Entomological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00138746&rft_id=info:doi/10.1603%2F008.102.0311 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-04-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Flight; Trees; Sympatric populations; Traps; Trapping; Scolytus multistriatus; Scolytidae; Coleoptera; Scolytus; Ulmus; Ulmus pumila DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/008.102.0311 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Streambank dewatering for increased stability AN - 20867765; 9355769 AB - Streambank erosion is often the dominant source of sediment leaving modified watersheds. Mass failure of high, steep banks is one of the most serious forms of streambank erosion. The risk of a given bank experiencing mass failure is a function of bank height, angle, and soil strength, which is governed by soil moisture. Two methods for bank dewatering were tested in adjacent sections of streambank bordering a deeply incised channel in northern Mississippi: a low-cost pump system and subsurface horizontal drains. Pore water pressures (both positive and negative pressures, or matric suction) were continuously monitored for 2 years at the pumped site, at an adjacent untreated control section, and for 1 year at the site stabilized with horizontal drains. Resulting data were used to calculate a time series of the factor of safety using a computer model. Over the course of two wet seasons, average bank retreats for the control and pumped plots were 0·43 and 0·21 m, respectively. More limited monitoring revealed that the site with passive drains retreated about 0·23 m. At the pumped site pore water pressure was 3-4 kPa lower than at the control site during the most critical periods. Accordingly, computed factors of safety were above the failure threshold at the pumped site, but fell below unity at the control site on 11 occasions over the period of observation. Similarly, the drained site displayed generally lower pore water pressure and higher safety factors except for two events when drains were evidently overwhelmed with the volume of local surface and subsurface flows. These results suggest, but do not prove, that bank dewatering promoted lower rates of bank retreat and higher levels of stability since the three sites had slight differences in soils, geometry and boundary conditions. Initial cost of the dewatering treatments were significantly less than orthodox bank stabilization measures, but operation and maintenance requirements may be greater. Published in 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. JF - Hydrological Processes AU - Shields Jr, F Douglas AU - Simon, Andrew AU - Dabney, Seth M AD - USDA-Agricultural Research Service, National Sedimentation Laboratory Oxford, Mississippi 38655, USA, doug.shields@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 1537 EP - 1547 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD UK, [mailto:customer@wiley.co.uk] VL - 23 IS - 11 SN - 0885-6087, 0885-6087 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Environment Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Pore water KW - Pore pressure KW - Subsurface flow KW - Soil erosion KW - Time series analysis KW - Watersheds KW - Streams KW - Wet season KW - Boundary conditions KW - Soil KW - Rainy season KW - Soils KW - Banks KW - Drains KW - Hydrologic analysis KW - time series analysis KW - Safety KW - Dewatering KW - Interstitial Water KW - Stabilizing KW - boundary conditions KW - Maintenance KW - Channels KW - Risk KW - Erosion KW - Computer models KW - USA, Mississippi KW - Pumps KW - Soil moisture KW - Q2 09264:Sediments and sedimentation KW - SW 6040:Soil mechanics KW - Q5 08501:General KW - ENA 15:Renewable Resources-Terrestrial KW - M2 556.14:Infiltration/Soil Moisture (556.14) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20867765?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrological+Processes&rft.atitle=Streambank+dewatering+for+increased+stability&rft.au=Shields+Jr%2C+F+Douglas%3BSimon%2C+Andrew%3BDabney%2C+Seth+M&rft.aulast=Shields+Jr&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1537&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrological+Processes&rft.issn=08856087&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fhyp.7286 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rainy season; Soils; Dewatering; Pore pressure; Soil erosion; Watersheds; Stabilizing; Erosion; Hydrologic analysis; Computer models; Subsurface flow; Soil moisture; Time series analysis; Boundary conditions; Wet season; Channels; Soil; Pore water; time series analysis; Pumps; Streams; Maintenance; boundary conditions; Risk; Safety; Banks; Drains; Interstitial Water; USA, Mississippi DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.7286 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cross-protection elicited in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus Rafinesque) immunized with a low dose of virulent Edwardsiella ictaluri strains AN - 20865724; 9423273 AB - AbstractCross-protection of channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus Rafinesque) immunized with a low dose of virulent Edwardsiella ictaluri and challenged with six E. ictaluri strains was examined in four trials. The relative per cent survival among low-dose immunized and then challenged fish ranged from 27.7% to 100%. Significant protection (P<0.05), with the exception of strain ATCC-33202, was conferred by immunization with a given E. ictaluri strain challenged either with a homologous or a heterologous strain. Antibody titres of pooled serum collected on day 22 from surviving fish examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) ranged from 1:40 to 1:320, but no differences were apparent among different vaccinated groups. The protein profiles of six E. ictaluri strains examined by Sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) showed a relatively homogeneous pattern. Immuno-blots probed with pooled serum from immunized and challenged fish showed a pattern similar to LPS-reaction patterns observed with E. ictaluri in other studies. Since the present studies further corroborate that E. ictaluri is a clonal bacterial species with no apparent antigenic differences, it is possible that immunization with a single E. ictaluri field strain should confer protection against any other strain. JF - Aquaculture Research AU - Panangala, Victor S AU - Shoemaker, Craig A AU - Klesius, Phillip H AU - Mitra, Amitava AU - Russo, Riccardo AD - 1Aquatic Animal Health Research Unit, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Auburn, AL, USA Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 915 EP - 926 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road VL - 40 IS - 8 SN - 1355-557X, 1355-557X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Environment Abstracts; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Sulfates KW - Cross-protection KW - Edwardsiella ictaluri KW - Survival KW - Freshwater KW - Freshwater fish KW - Aquaculture KW - Ictalurus punctatus KW - immunization KW - ELISA KW - Fish culture KW - Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay KW - Electrophoresis KW - Strains KW - Vaccination KW - Gel electrophoresis KW - Immunization KW - Sodium KW - Antibodies KW - Serum KW - Proteins KW - Fish KW - survival KW - Immunoassays KW - ENA 06:Food & Drugs KW - A 01490:Miscellaneous KW - Q1 08587:Diseases of Cultured Organisms KW - J 02350:Immunology KW - Q5 08501:General KW - Q3 08587:Diseases of Cultured Organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20865724?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquaculture+Research&rft.atitle=Cross-protection+elicited+in+channel+catfish+%28Ictalurus+punctatus+Rafinesque%29+immunized+with+a+low+dose+of+virulent+Edwardsiella+ictaluri+strains&rft.au=Panangala%2C+Victor+S%3BShoemaker%2C+Craig+A%3BKlesius%2C+Phillip+H%3BMitra%2C+Amitava%3BRusso%2C+Riccardo&rft.aulast=Panangala&rft.aufirst=Victor&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=915&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquaculture+Research&rft.issn=1355557X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2109.2009.02185.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Antibodies; Serum; ELISA; Freshwater fish; Strains; Fish culture; Immunization; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Cross-protection; Survival; Vaccination; Gel electrophoresis; Sulfates; Sodium; immunization; Electrophoresis; Proteins; Fish; survival; Immunoassays; Aquaculture; Edwardsiella ictaluri; Ictalurus punctatus; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.2009.02185.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of a simplistic vegetative filter strip model for sediment and nutrient retention at the field scale AN - 20861214; 9355774 AB - Vegetative filter strips (VFSs) are a commonly used conservation measure to remove pollutants from agricultural runoff. The effectiveness of VFSs has been widely studied at the plot scale, yet researchers generally agree that field scale implementations are far less effective. The purpose of this research was to develop a field scale VFS submodel for the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). A model for the retention of sediments and nutrients in VFSs was developed from experimental observations derived from 22 publications. A runoff retention model was developed from Vegetative Filter Strip MODel (VFSMOD) simulations. This model was adapted to operate at the field scale by considering the effects of flow concentration generally absent from plot scale experiments. Flow concentration through 10 hypothetical VFSs was evaluated using high resolution (2 m) topographical data and multipath flow accumulation. Significant flow concentration was predicted at all sites, on average 10% of the VFS received half of the field runoff. As implemented in SWAT, the VFS model contains two sections, a large section receiving relatively modest flow densities and a smaller section treating more concentrated flow. This field scale model was incorporated into SWAT and verified for proper function. This model enhances the ability of SWAT to evaluate the effectiveness of VFSs at the watershed scale. JF - Hydrological Processes AU - White, Michael J AU - Arnold, Jeff G AD - USDA-ARS Grassland, Soil, and Water Research Laboratory, Temple, Texas, USA, mike.white@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 1602 EP - 1616 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD UK, [mailto:customer@wiley.co.uk], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 23 IS - 11 SN - 0885-6087, 0885-6087 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Nutrients KW - Topographic effects KW - Retention KW - Watersheds KW - Soil KW - Hydrologic Models KW - scale models KW - Scale models KW - Assessments KW - Pollutants KW - Water filtration KW - Agricultural runoff KW - Sediment pollution KW - Pollutant removal KW - Simulation KW - Publications KW - nutrient retention KW - Sediments KW - Filters KW - Conservation KW - Nutrients (mineral) KW - Runoff KW - ENA 06:Food & Drugs KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - Q2 09264:Sediments and sedimentation KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20861214?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrological+Processes&rft.atitle=Development+of+a+simplistic+vegetative+filter+strip+model+for+sediment+and+nutrient+retention+at+the+field+scale&rft.au=White%2C+Michael+J%3BArnold%2C+Jeff+G&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1602&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrological+Processes&rft.issn=08856087&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fhyp.7291 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-08-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Scale models; Water filtration; Pollutants; Simulation; Nutrients (mineral); Topographic effects; Watersheds; Agricultural runoff; Sediments; Soil; Filters; Pollutant removal; Sediment pollution; scale models; Conservation; nutrient retention; Hydrologic Models; Assessments; Nutrients; Publications; Retention; Runoff DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.7291 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genetic influences on blood lipids and cardiovascular disease risk: tools for primary prevention AN - 20802912; 10902929 AB - Genetic polymorphism in human populations is part of the evolutionary process that results from the interaction between the environment and the human genome. Recent changes in diet have upset this equilibrium, potentially influencing the risk of most common morbidities such as cardiovascular diseases, obesity, diabetes, and cancer. Reduction of these conditions is a major public health concern, and such a reduction could be achieved by improving our ability to detect disease predisposition early in life and by providing more personalized behavioral recommendations for successful primary prevention. In terms of cardiovascular diseases, polymorphisms at multiple genes have been associated with differential effects in terms of lipid metabolism; however, the connection with cardiovascular disease has been more elusive, and considerable heterogeneity exists among studies regarding the predictive value of genetic markers. This may be because of experimental limitations, the intrinsic complexity of the phenotypes, and the aforementioned interactions with environmental factors. The integration of genetic and environmental complexity into current and future research will drive the field toward the implementation of clinical tools aimed at providing dietary advice optimized for the individual's genome. This may imply that dietary changes are implemented early in life to gain maximum benefit. However, it is important to highlight that most reported studies have focused on adult populations and to extrapolate these findings to children and adolescents may not be justified until proper studies have been carried out in these populations and until the ethical and legal issues associated with this new field are adequately addressed. JF - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition AU - Ordovas, J M AD - Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, USDA Human Nutrition Center on Aging, Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111-1524, USA, jose.ordovas@tufts.edu Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 VL - 89 IS - 5 SN - 0002-9165, 0002-9165 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Genetics Abstracts KW - Diets KW - Genomes KW - Obesity KW - Adolescence KW - Gene polymorphism KW - Children KW - Environmental factors KW - Cancer KW - Morbidity KW - Public health KW - Lipid metabolism KW - Diabetes mellitus KW - Integration KW - Blood KW - Ethics KW - Genetic markers KW - Cardiovascular diseases KW - Evolution KW - G 07880:Human Genetics KW - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20802912?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Clinical+Nutrition&rft.atitle=Genetic+influences+on+blood+lipids+and+cardiovascular+disease+risk%3A+tools+for+primary+prevention&rft.au=Ordovas%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Ordovas&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=89&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Clinical+Nutrition&rft.issn=00029165&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Diets; Obesity; Gene polymorphism; Adolescence; Children; Environmental factors; Morbidity; Cancer; Lipid metabolism; Public health; Diabetes mellitus; Blood; Integration; Ethics; Genetic markers; Cardiovascular diseases; Evolution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integrating Technology Traits and Producer Heterogeneity: A Mixed-Multinomial Model of Genetically Modified Corn Adoption AN - 20753921; 9285643 AB - This article proposes a model of technology adoption that integrates demand for individual traits of new technologies with the potential for heterogeneity based on farm and farmer characteristics. The model is applied to recent genetically modified corn adoption data from Minnesota and Wisconsin farmers, using a mixed-multinomial logit (MMNL) model to estimate the effects of traits and farm and farmer characteristics on adoption outcomes. This approach allows explicit recovery of estimates of farmers' shadow prices for individual technology traits. Results show the importance of producer and regional heterogeneity in preferences for seed traits. JF - American Journal of Agricultural Economics AU - Useche, Pilar AU - Barham, Bradford L AU - Foltz, Jeremy D AD - 1Pilar Useche is assistant professor in the Department of Food and Resource Economics and Center for Latin American Studies at the University of Florida. Bradford Barham is professor and Jeremy Foltz is associate professor in the Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics at the University of Wisconsin, Madison. The authors would like to thank without implicating: William Provencher, Michael Carter, Brian Gould, the journal editor, and three anonymous reviewers for valuable comments and suggestions. They also thank seminar and conference participants at UW and at the AAEA meetings for useful comments and discussion, as well as Fred Buttel, Jessica Goldberger, and the Program on Agricultural Technology Studies' Team who collected the data. Funding for this work came from the Illinois-Missouri Biotechnology Alliance (IMBA) and a USDA Hatch grant through the University of Wisconsin. Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 444 EP - 461 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road VL - 91 IS - 2 SN - 0002-9092, 0002-9092 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - biotechnology KW - genetically modified crops KW - mixed-multinomial logit KW - technology adoption KW - Seeds KW - Farms KW - Data processing KW - Economics KW - Adoption KW - Models KW - W 30925:Genetic Engineering KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20753921?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Agricultural+Economics&rft.atitle=Integrating+Technology+Traits+and+Producer+Heterogeneity%3A+A+Mixed-Multinomial+Model+of+Genetically+Modified+Corn+Adoption&rft.au=Useche%2C+Pilar%3BBarham%2C+Bradford+L%3BFoltz%2C+Jeremy+D&rft.aulast=Useche&rft.aufirst=Pilar&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=91&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=444&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Agricultural+Economics&rft.issn=00029092&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1467-8276.2008.01236.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Seeds; Data processing; Farms; Economics; Adoption; Models DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8276.2008.01236.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of a candidate gene array to delineate gene expression patterns in cattle selected for resistance or susceptibility to intestinal nematodes AN - 20747260; 9283996 AB - In the present study, we use microarray technology to investigate the expression patterns of 381 genes with known association to host immune responses. Hybridization targets were derived from previously characterized bovine cDNAs. A total of 576 reporters (473 sequence-validated cDNAs and 77 controls) were spotted onto glass slides in two sets of four replicates. Two color, comparative hybridizations across both mesenteric lymph node (MLN) and small intestine mucosa (SIM) RNA samples were done between animals with previously demonstrated phenotypic differences based on natural exposure to gastrointestinal (GI) nematodes over a 6-month exposure period. A total of 138 significant hybridization differences were detected by mixed model analysis of variance. A subset of these significant differences was validated by quantitative, real-time RT-PCR to assay transcript levels for 18 genes. These results confirmed that in the SIM, susceptible animals showed significantly higher levels in the genes encoding IGHG1, CD3E, ACTB, IRF1, CCL5 and C3, while in the MLN of resistant animals, higher levels of expression were confirmed for PTPRC, CD1D and ITGA4. Combined, the results indicate that immune responses against GI nematode infections involve multiple response pathways. Higher levels of expression for IgE receptor, integrins, complement, monocyte/macrophage and tissue factors are related to resistance. In contrast, higher levels of expression for immunoglobulin chains and TCRs are related to susceptibility. Identification of these genes provides a framework to better understand the genetic variation underlying parasite resistance. JF - Veterinary Parasitology AU - Araujo, Ricardo N AU - Padilha, Terezinha AU - Zarlenga, Dante AU - Sonstegard, Tad AU - Connor, Erin E AU - Van Tassel, Curt AU - Lima, Walter S AU - Nascimento, Evaldo AU - Gasbarre, Louis C AD - USDA, ARS, Bovine Functional Genomics Laboratory, Beltsville, MD, USA, lgasbarr@anri.barc.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 106 EP - 115 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 162 IS - 1-2 SN - 0304-4017, 0304-4017 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Immunology Abstracts KW - Nematodes KW - Microarray KW - Cooperia KW - Immune response KW - Cattle KW - CD1d antigen KW - Macrophages KW - Tissue factor KW - double prime T-cell receptor KW - Mucosa KW - Genetic diversity KW - Transcription KW - Small intestine KW - Parasite resistance KW - Infection KW - DNA microarrays KW - Lymph nodes KW - Models KW - Color KW - Gene expression KW - RNA KW - Integrins KW - Immunoglobulin E KW - Interferon regulatory factor 1 KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Complement component C3 KW - Monocytes KW - Nematoda KW - G 07730:Development & Cell Cycle KW - F 06910:Microorganisms & Parasites KW - W 30900:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20747260?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Veterinary+Parasitology&rft.atitle=Use+of+a+candidate+gene+array+to+delineate+gene+expression+patterns+in+cattle+selected+for+resistance+or+susceptibility+to+intestinal+nematodes&rft.au=Araujo%2C+Ricardo+N%3BPadilha%2C+Terezinha%3BZarlenga%2C+Dante%3BSonstegard%2C+Tad%3BConnor%2C+Erin+E%3BVan+Tassel%2C+Curt%3BLima%2C+Walter+S%3BNascimento%2C+Evaldo%3BGasbarre%2C+Louis+C&rft.aulast=Araujo&rft.aufirst=Ricardo&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=162&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=106&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Veterinary+Parasitology&rft.issn=03044017&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.vetpar.2008.12.017 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Macrophages; CD1d antigen; Tissue factor; double prime T-cell receptor; Mucosa; Transcription; Genetic diversity; Small intestine; Infection; Parasite resistance; DNA microarrays; Lymph nodes; Color; Models; Gene expression; RNA; Integrins; Immunoglobulin E; Interferon regulatory factor 1; Polymerase chain reaction; Complement component C3; Monocytes; Nematoda DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2008.12.017 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of potato clones for resistance to stem canker and tuber black scurf in field studies following artificial inoculation with Rhizoctonia solani AG-3 in Maine AN - 20644285; 9385458 AB - Potato clones were evaluated for resistance to Rhizoctonia stem canker, stolon lesion and black scurf in field experiments during the 1997 and 1998 growing seasons. Seed pieces were inoculated with Rhizoctonia solani Anastomosis group 3 (AG-3) by dipping them in a slurry or suspension of inoculum. Uninoculated controls were also planted. Seed emergence was assessed beginning at two weeks after planting. After 60 days, incidence and severity (%) of stem and stolon cankers were assessed. The numbers of root and stolon lesions were also quantified. At harvest, the incidence of black scurf on tuber yield and numbers were also determined. Significant differences in emergence of potato seed pieces (%) were detected between inoculated and control treatments and the incidence of stem and root cankers differed among clones in both years. The incidence and severity of stem cankers and the numbers of stem and root lesions were not significantly correlated with the black scurf incidence on tubers. These studies suggest that various symptom types incited by Rhizoctonia can be important epidemiological factors in disease development. JF - Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection AU - Olanya, O M AU - Lambert, D H AU - Reeves, A F AU - Porter, G A AD - USDA-ARS, New England Plant, Soil and Water Laboratory, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 409 EP - 418 PB - Taylor & Francis, 11 New Fetter Lane London EC4P 4EE UK, [mailto:info@tandf.co.uk], [URL:http://www.tandf.co.uk] VL - 42 IS - 5 SN - 0323-5408, 0323-5408 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Canker KW - Seeds KW - Plant protection KW - Rhizoctonia solani KW - Roots KW - Black scurf KW - Solanum tuberosum KW - Planting KW - Slurries KW - Inoculum KW - Inoculation KW - Tubers KW - Rhizoctonia KW - Stem canker KW - Anastomosis KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20644285?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Phytopathology+and+Plant+Protection&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+potato+clones+for+resistance+to+stem+canker+and+tuber+black+scurf+in+field+studies+following+artificial+inoculation+with+Rhizoctonia+solani+AG-3+in+Maine&rft.au=Olanya%2C+O+M%3BLambert%2C+D+H%3BReeves%2C+A+F%3BPorter%2C+G+A&rft.aulast=Olanya&rft.aufirst=O&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=409&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Phytopathology+and+Plant+Protection&rft.issn=03235408&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F03235400601121570 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Canker; Seeds; Plant protection; Slurries; Planting; Inoculation; Inoculum; Roots; Tubers; Anastomosis; Stem canker; Black scurf; Solanum tuberosum; Rhizoctonia solani; Rhizoctonia DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03235400601121570 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structure and Action Mechanism of Ligninolytic Enzymes AN - 20621070; 9317738 AB - Lignin is the most abundant renewable source of aromatic polymer in nature, and its decomposition is indispensable for carbon recycling. It is chemically recalcitrant to breakdown by most organisms because of the complex, heterogeneous structure. The white-rot fungi produce an array of extracellular oxidative enzymes that synergistically and efficiently degrade lignin. The major groups of ligninolytic enzymes include lignin peroxidases, manganese peroxidases, versatile peroxidases, and laccases. The peroxidases are heme-containing enzymes with catalytic cycles that involve the activation by H2O2 and substrate reduction of compound I and compound II intermediates. Lignin peroxidases have the unique ability to catalyze oxidative cleavage of C--C bonds and ether (C--O--C) bonds in non-phenolic aromatic substrates of high redox potential. Manganese peroxidases oxidize Mn(II) to Mn(III), which facilitates the degradation of phenolic compounds or, in turn, oxidizes a second mediator for the breakdown of non-phenolic compounds. Versatile peroxidases are hybrids of lignin peroxidase and manganese peroxidase with a bifunctional characteristic. Laccases are multi-copper-containing proteins that catalyze the oxidation of phenolic substrates with concomitant reduction of molecular oxygen to water. This review covers the chemical nature of lignin substrates and focuses on the biochemical properties, molecular structures, reaction mechanisms, and related structures/functions of these enzymes. JF - Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology AU - Wong, Dominic W S AD - Western Regional Research Center, USDA-ARS, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, USA, dwsw@pw.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 174 EP - 209 PB - Humana Press Inc., 999 Riverview Dr., Ste. 208 Totowa NJ 07512 USA, [mailto:jchasse@humanapr.com], [URL:http://humanapress.com] VL - 157 IS - 2 SN - 0273-2289, 0273-2289 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Fungi KW - Enzymes KW - Recycling KW - Decomposition KW - Lignin peroxidase KW - Oxygen KW - Laccase KW - Reaction mechanisms KW - Carbon KW - ligninolytic enzymes KW - Hydrogen peroxide KW - Hybrids KW - Reviews KW - Lignin KW - Oxidation KW - phenolic compounds KW - Ethers KW - Aromatics KW - Manganese peroxidase KW - Redox potential KW - K 03330:Biochemistry KW - W 30940:Products UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20621070?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Structure+and+Action+Mechanism+of+Ligninolytic+Enzymes&rft.au=Wong%2C+Dominic+W+S&rft.aulast=Wong&rft.aufirst=Dominic+W&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=157&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=174&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=02732289&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12010-008-8279-z LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fungi; Enzymes; Recycling; Decomposition; Lignin peroxidase; Oxygen; Reaction mechanisms; Laccase; Carbon; Hydrogen peroxide; ligninolytic enzymes; Reviews; Hybrids; Oxidation; Lignin; phenolic compounds; Ethers; Manganese peroxidase; Aromatics; Redox potential DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12010-008-8279-z ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Purification and Characterization of a Glycoside Hydrolase Family 43 beta -xylosidase from Geobacillus thermoleovorans IT-08 AN - 20618344; 9317697 AB - The gene encoding a glycoside hydrolase family 43 beta -xylosidase (GbtXyl43A) from the thermophilic bacterium Geobacillus thermoleovorans strain IT-08 was synthesized and cloned with a C-terminal His-tag into a pET29b expression vector. The recombinant gene product termed GbtXyl43A was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified to apparent homogeneity. Michaelis--Menten kinetic parameters were obtained for the artificial substrates p-nitrophenyl- beta -d-xylopyranose (4NPX) and p-nitrophenyl- alpha -l-arabinofuranose (4NPA), and it was found that the ratio k cat/K m 4NPA/k cat/K m 4NPX was ~7, indicting greater catalytic efficiency for 4NP hydrolysis from the arabinofuranose aglycon moiety. Substrate inhibition was observed for the substrates 4-methylumbelliferyl xylopyranoside (muX) and the arabinofuranoside cogener (muA), and the ratio k cat/K m muA/k cat/K m muX was ~5. The enzyme was competitively inhibited by monosaccharides, with an arabinose K i of 6.8±0.62 mM and xylose K i of 76±8.5 mM. The pH maxima was 5.0, and the enzyme was not thermally stable above 54 °C, with a t 1/2 of 35 min at 57.5 °C. GbtXyl43A showed a broad substrate specificity for hydrolysis of xylooligosaccharides up to the highest degree of polymerization tested (xylopentaose), and also released xylose from birch and beechwood arabinoxylan. JF - Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology AU - Wagschal, Kurt AU - Heng, Chamroeun AU - Lee, Charles C AU - Robertson, George H AU - Orts, William J AU - Wong, Dominic W S AD - Western Regional Research Center, USDA Agricultural Research Service, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, USA, kurt.wagschal@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 1 EP - 10 PB - Humana Press Inc., 999 Riverview Dr., Ste. 208 Totowa NJ 07512 USA, [mailto:jchasse@humanapr.com], [URL:http://humanapress.com] VL - 155 IS - 1-3 SN - 0273-2289, 0273-2289 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Polymerization KW - Xylose KW - Substrate specificity KW - Enzymes KW - Geobacillus KW - monosaccharides KW - Hydrolysis KW - Expression vectors KW - Kinetics KW - Escherichia coli KW - Arabinose KW - glycoside hydrolase KW - xylopentaose KW - Purification KW - xylopyranoside KW - pH effects KW - J 02410:Animal Diseases KW - W 30905:Medical Applications KW - A 01390:Forestry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20618344?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Purification+and+Characterization+of+a+Glycoside+Hydrolase+Family+43+beta+-xylosidase+from+Geobacillus+thermoleovorans+IT-08&rft.au=Wagschal%2C+Kurt%3BHeng%2C+Chamroeun%3BLee%2C+Charles+C%3BRobertson%2C+George+H%3BOrts%2C+William+J%3BWong%2C+Dominic+W+S&rft.aulast=Wagschal&rft.aufirst=Kurt&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=155&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=02732289&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12010-008-8362-5 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Xylose; Polymerization; Enzymes; Substrate specificity; monosaccharides; Hydrolysis; Expression vectors; Kinetics; Arabinose; glycoside hydrolase; Purification; xylopentaose; xylopyranoside; pH effects; Escherichia coli; Geobacillus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12010-008-8362-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil Solarization as a Component of an Integrated Program for Control of Raspberry Root Rot AN - 20611200; 9313787 AB - Field and growth chamber studies were conducted during 2000 to 2005 to determine the efficacy of soil solarization for the control of Phytophthora root rot of raspberry (PRR). The exposure time that was lethal to Phytophthora rubi cultures on V8 juice agar plates was evaluated at intervals up to 240 h and at a range of temperatures from 20 to 35C. Colonies incubated at 20 and 25C nearly covered the plates in 240 h, while radial growth slowed at 27C and ceased at temperatures ,29C. The exposure times required to kill P. rubi were estimated to be 222 h at 29C, 168 h at 3C, 108 h at 33C, and 52 h at 35C. Previous exposure to shorter durations at temperature ,29C slowed growth of colonies when they later were incubated at 20C. Field trials were established in 2000 and 2003 at three locations in Washington State to evaluate soil solarization for the management of PRR. Cumulative hours with soil temperatures >29C at 30 cm soil depth in solarized plots exceeded 200 h in each trial. In the 2000 trial, combinations of solarization, bed shape, and amendments of gypsum were evaluated. Over the 3 years after planting PRR-susceptible raspberry 'Malahat' and 'Willamette', primocane growth and survival were greater (P < 0.05) in raised bed plots that were solarized than in solarized and nonsolarized flat bed plots or hilled bed plots with gypsum. In 2003, trials were initiated to evaluate solarization in combination with applications of mefenoxam and fosetyl-Al. In 2004, solarization increased (P < 0.05) primocane growth of 'Malahat' and 'Qualicum' raspberries at both locations compared to application of fungicides alone and nontreated control plots. At both locations in 2005, density and growth of 'Qualicum' primocanes were greatest in solarized plots, while canes in solarized and fungicide only plots of 'Malahat' were similar. Incidence of diseased canes was lowest in plots that received fungicides. Primocane survival and fruit yields were very low at both locations in the third season because of favorable conditions for PRR and plant stress in late spring. These results indicate that soil solarization can be an effective component of integrated management of PRR in the Pacific Northwest, especially when combined with raised beds and gypsum amendments. JF - Plant Disease AU - Pinkerton, J N AU - Bristow, PR AU - Windom, GE AU - Walters, T W AD - USDA-ARS, HCRL, Corvallis, OR 97330, USA, Jack.Pinkerton@ARS.USDA.GOV Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 452 EP - 458 VL - 93 IS - 5 SN - 0191-2917, 0191-2917 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Temperature effects KW - Fruits KW - Agar KW - Plant diseases KW - Juices KW - Stress KW - Survival KW - Soil temperature KW - Root rot KW - mefenoxam KW - Soil depth KW - Colonies KW - Planting KW - gypsum KW - Fungicides KW - Phytophthora KW - A 01380:Plant Protection, Fungicides & Seed Treatments KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20611200?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Disease&rft.atitle=Soil+Solarization+as+a+Component+of+an+Integrated+Program+for+Control+of+Raspberry+Root+Rot&rft.au=Pinkerton%2C+J+N%3BBristow%2C+PR%3BWindom%2C+GE%3BWalters%2C+T+W&rft.aulast=Pinkerton&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=452&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Disease&rft.issn=01912917&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPDIS-93-5-0452 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Agar; Fruits; Plant diseases; Juices; Soil temperature; Survival; Stress; Root rot; Soil depth; mefenoxam; Colonies; gypsum; Planting; Fungicides; Phytophthora DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-93-5-0452 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Propagule Production by Phytophthora ramorum on Lilac (Syringa vulgaris) Leaf Tissue Left on the Surface of Potting Mix in Nursery Pots AN - 20608714; 9313790 AB - Lilac leaf tissue infected with Phytophthora ramorum was placed on top of potting mix in pots and exposed to different watering regimes or different temperatures to determine if it could serve as a source of inoculum. If pieces of infected leaf were placed in pots containing healthy lilac plants kept under constantly moist conditions or under twice-a-day trickle irrigation for 1 month, inoculum production from infected tissue declined for the first 4 days but declined significantly less steeply under constantly moist conditions. At the end of the experiment, 28% of plants exposed to moist conditions developed root infections, whereas only 6% exposed to trickle irrigation did. If infected leaf pieces were placed on the surface of potting mix in pots containing lilacs and watered for 5 min one, two, or three times a day, inoculum production in the first 4 days declined but declined significantly more slowly in pots watered three times a day. If 0 to 16 leaf pieces were placed on the surface of potting mix in pots containing healthy lilacs under constantly moist conditions, leaf number significantly influenced the incidence of root infection. The effect of temperature was more difficult to quantify. At 10 or 15C, propagules included zoospores whereas, at 20 or 25C, they were predominantly sporangia. These results confirm the importance of detached leaves as inoculum producers under greenhouse conditions. JF - Plant Disease AU - Shishkoff, N AD - Research Plant Pathologist, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Foreign Disease/Weed Science Research Unit, Frederick, MD 21702, USA, Nina.Shishkoff@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 475 EP - 480 VL - 93 IS - 5 SN - 0191-2917, 0191-2917 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Temperature effects KW - Sporangia KW - Plant diseases KW - Propagules KW - Syringa vulgaris KW - Irrigation KW - Leaves KW - Roots KW - Infection KW - Greenhouses KW - Zoospores KW - Inoculum KW - Phytophthora KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20608714?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Disease&rft.atitle=Propagule+Production+by+Phytophthora+ramorum+on+Lilac+%28Syringa+vulgaris%29+Leaf+Tissue+Left+on+the+Surface+of+Potting+Mix+in+Nursery+Pots&rft.au=Shishkoff%2C+N&rft.aulast=Shishkoff&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=475&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Disease&rft.issn=01912917&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPDIS-93-5-0475 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Sporangia; Plant diseases; Propagules; Zoospores; Irrigation; Inoculum; Leaves; Roots; Infection; Greenhouses; Syringa vulgaris; Phytophthora DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-93-5-0475 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - First Report of 'Candidatus Liberibacter psyllaurous' in Zebra Chip Symptomatic Potatoes from California AN - 20607698; 9313818 AB - A disease that severely affects processing potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.), termed zebra chip (ZC), has been identified in several locations in the United States (Texas, Nebraska, Colorado, Kansas, New Mexico, Arizona, and Nevada), Mexico, and Central America. The disease name comes from the rapid oxidative darkening of freshly cut tubers and the dark stripes and blotches that occur in chips processed from infected tubers. Recently, the disorder has been associated with a new 'Candidatus Liberibacter' species in New Zealand. Also, a bacterium designated 'Candidatus Liberibacter psyllaurous' has been identified recently in potato plants with "psyllid yellows" symptoms that resemble foliar symptoms of ZC. In the fall of 2008, 10 tubers were received at the Prosser laboratory from a commercial potato grower and five had symptoms characteristic of ZC. The tubers, cv. Dakota Pearl, were grown near Lancaster in southern California. The tubers showed rapid oxidation upon slicing and the sunken stolon attachment characteristic of ZC. Nucleic acid was extracted from symptomatic tubers and tested by PCR for 'Ca. Liberibacter' species with primer pairs OA2/OI2c (5'-GCGC TTATTTTTAATAGGAGCGGCA-3' and 5'-GCCTCGCGACTTCGCAA CCCAT-3') and CL514F/R (5'-CTCTAAGATTTCGGTTGGTT-3' and 5'-TATATCTATCGTTGCACCAG-3'), which amplify from the 16S rDNA and rplJ and rplL ribosomal protein genes, respectively. Four of the five tubers with distinct ZC symptoms yielded the expected amplicons with both primer pairs. Two tubers with mild internal discoloration yielded correctly sized amplicons but in lesser amounts than from the severely affected tubers. Nucleic acid from healthy potato tubers yielded no product with these primers. One clone of the 1,168-bp OA2/OI2c amplicon and two clones of the 669-bp CL514F/R amplicon from a strongly positive sample were sequenced in both directions (ACGT, Inc., Wheeling, IL). BLAST alignments of the consensus sequences of the OA2/OI2c and CL514F/R amplicons (GenBank Accessions Nos. FJ498802 and FJ498803, respectively) revealed 100% identity with analogous 'Ca. Liberibacter' sequences reported from ZC-symptomatic potatoes in New Zealand (GenBank Accession Nos. EU849020 and EU919514). The OA2/OI2c amplicon was also identical to a sequence of 'Ca. Liberibacter psyllaurous' (GenBank Accession No. EU812559) from psyllid yellows-affected potatoes in the United States and also showed a 99% identity with sequences from a 'Ca. Liberibacter' species reported in ZC tubers from Kansas (GenBank Accession No. EU921626). Potato crops with symptoms of ZC have been observed previously in California, but this is the first identification of 'Ca. Liberibacter psyllaurous' from diseased potatoes grown in California. Since ZC was first reported in the mid- to late-1990s, information from potato growers and processors suggests that ZC is becoming more important. The disease has caused millions of dollars in losses, particularly in south Texas. The identification of 'Ca. Liberibacter psyllaurous' in California provides additional evidence that the disease is increasing in importance in other potato-growing regions. JF - Plant Disease AU - Crosslin, JM AU - Bester, G AD - USDA-ARS Vegetable and Forage Crops Research Unit, Prosser, WA 99350, USA Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 551 VL - 93 IS - 5 SN - 0191-2917, 0191-2917 KW - Entomology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Plant diseases KW - Crop KW - Pearls KW - nucleic acids KW - Ribosomal proteins KW - Blotch KW - Solanum tuberosum KW - Yellows KW - Oxidation KW - Tubers KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Primers KW - rRNA 16S KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - Z 05350:Medical, Veterinary, and Agricultural Entomology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20607698?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Disease&rft.atitle=First+Report+of+%27Candidatus+Liberibacter+psyllaurous%27+in+Zebra+Chip+Symptomatic+Potatoes+from+California&rft.au=Crosslin%2C+JM%3BBester%2C+G&rft.aulast=Crosslin&rft.aufirst=JM&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=551&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Disease&rft.issn=01912917&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPDIS-93-5-0551B LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pearls; Crop; Plant diseases; nucleic acids; Blotch; Ribosomal proteins; Oxidation; Yellows; Polymerase chain reaction; Tubers; Primers; rRNA 16S; Solanum tuberosum DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-93-5-0551B ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Physiologic Specialization of Puccinia triticina on Wheat in the United States in 2007 AN - 20607096; 9313799 AB - In 2007, leaf rust of wheat was severe throughout the Great Plains region of North America. Yield losses in wheat due to leaf rust were estimated to be 14% in Kansas. Collections of Puccinia triticina were obtained from rust-infected leaves provided by cooperators throughout the United States and from surveys of wheat fields and nurseries in the Great Plains, Ohio River Valley, southeast, California, and Washington State in order to determine the virulence of the wheat leaf rust population in 2007. Single uredinial isolates (868 in total) were derived from the collections and tested for virulence phenotype on lines of Thatcher wheat that are near-isogenic for leaf rust resistance genes Lr1, Lr2a, Lr2c, Lr3a, Lr9, Lr16, Lr24, Lr26, Lr3ka, Lr11, Lr17a, Lr30, LrB, Lr10, Lr14a, Lr18, Lr21, and Lr28, and on winter wheat lines with genes Lr41 and Lr42. Fifty-two virulence phenotypes were found. Virulence phenotypes TDBJG, MFPSC, and TDBJH were among the four most common phenotypes and were all virulent to resistance gene Lr24. These phenotypes were found throughout the Great Plains region. Phenotype MLDSD, with virulence to Lr9, Lr17, and Lr41, was also widely distributed in the Great Plains. In the soft red winter wheat region of the southeastern states, phenotypes TCRKG, with virulence to genes Lr11, Lr26, and Lr18, and MFGJH, with virulence to Lr24, Lr26, and Lr11, were among the common phenotypes. Virulence phenotypes with virulence to Lrl6 were most frequent in the spring wheat region of the northern Great Plains. Virulence phenotypes with virulence to Lr11, Lr18, and Lr26 were most common in the soft red winter areas of the southeastern states and Ohio Valley. Virulence to Lr21 was not found in any of the tested isolates. JF - Plant Disease AU - Kolmer, JA AU - Long, D L AU - Hughes, ME AD - USDA-ARS Cereal Disease Laboratory, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA, jkolmer@umn.edu Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 538 EP - 544 VL - 93 IS - 5 SN - 0191-2917, 0191-2917 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Virulence KW - Rivers KW - Triticum aestivum KW - T-cell receptor KW - Plant diseases KW - Leaf rust KW - Leaves KW - Specialization KW - Puccinia triticina KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20607096?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Disease&rft.atitle=Physiologic+Specialization+of+Puccinia+triticina+on+Wheat+in+the+United+States+in+2007&rft.au=Kolmer%2C+JA%3BLong%2C+D+L%3BHughes%2C+ME&rft.aulast=Kolmer&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=538&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Disease&rft.issn=01912917&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPDIS-93-5-0538 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Virulence; Plant diseases; T-cell receptor; Leaf rust; Leaves; Specialization; Triticum aestivum; Puccinia triticina DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-93-5-0538 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - First Report of 'Candidatus Liberibacter psyllaurous' in Potato Tubers with Zebra Chip Disease in Mexico AN - 20606369; 9313819 AB - Zebra Chip (ZC), an emerging disease of potato (Solatium tuberosum L.) first documented in potato fields around Saltillo in Mexico in 1994, has been identified in the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America and is causing losses of millions of dollars to the potato industry. Recently, this damaging potato disease was also documented in New Zealand. This disease is characterized by a striped pattern of necrosis in tubers produced on infected plants, and fried chips processed from these infected tubers are commercially unacceptable. Recent studies conducted in the United States and New Zealand have associated ZC with a new species of 'Candidatus Liberibacter' vectored by the potato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli Sulc. A bacterium designated 'Candidatus Liberibacter psyllaurous' has recently been identified in potato plants with "psyllid yellows" symptoms that resemble those of ZC. To investigate whether liberibacter is associated with ZC in Mexico, 11 potato (cv. Atlantic) tuber samples exhibiting strong ZC symptoms and six asymptomatic tubers were collected from a ZC-affected commercial potato field near Saltillo City, Coahuila, Mexico in September 2008 and tested for this bacterium by PCR. Total DNA was extracted from symptomatic and asymptomatic tubers with cetyltrimethylammoniumbromide (CTAB) buffer. DNA samples were tested by PCR using primer pair OA2/OI2c (5'-GCGCmTTTTTAATAGGAGCGGCA-3' and 5'-GCCTCGCGACTT CGCAACCCAT-3', respectively) specific for 16S rDNA and primer pair CL514F/R (5'-CTCTAAGATTTCGGTTGGTT-3' and 5'-TATATCTATCG TTGCACCAG-3', respectively) designed from ribosomal protein genes. Seven of eleven (63.7%) ZC-symptomatic tubers and one of six (16.7%) asymptomatic potatoes yielded the expected 1,168-bp 16S rDNA and 669-bp CL514F/R amplicons, indicating the presence of liberibacter. Amplicons generated from symptomatic tubers were cloned into pCR2.1-Topo plasmid vectors (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA) and one clone of each amplicon was sequenced in both directions (ACGT, Inc., Wheeling, IL). BLAST analysis of the ZC OA2/OI2c sequence (GenBank Accession No. FJ498806) showed 100% identity to liberibacter 16S rDNA sequences amplified from potato psyllids from Dalhart, TX and potato tubers from Garden City, KS (GenBank Accession Nos. EU921627 and EU921626, respectively). The ZC CL514F/R sequence (GenBank Accession No. FJ498807) was 98% identical to analogous rplJ and rplL liberibacter ribosomal protein gene sequences amplified from several solanaceous plants in New Zealand (GenBank Accession Nos. EU834131 and EU935005). The OA2/OI2c sequence was also identical to the 16S rDNA sequence (Genbank Accession No. EU812559) of 'Ca. Liberibacter psyllaurous'. To our knowledge, this is the first report of 'Ca. Liberibacter psyllaurous' associated with ZC-affected potatoes in Mexico. JF - Plant Disease AU - Munyaneza, JE AU - Sengoda, V G AU - Crosslin, JM AU - La Rosa-Lozano, GD AU - Sanchez, A AD - USDA-ARS, Yakima Agricultural Research Laboratory, Wapato, WA 98951, USA Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 552 VL - 93 IS - 5 SN - 0191-2917, 0191-2917 KW - Entomology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Plant diseases KW - Necrosis KW - Ribosomal proteins KW - Solanum tuberosum KW - Yellows KW - Tubers KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Primers KW - Plasmids KW - rRNA 16S KW - New species KW - Z 05310:Taxonomy, Morphology, Geography, and Fossils KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20606369?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Disease&rft.atitle=First+Report+of+%27Candidatus+Liberibacter+psyllaurous%27+in+Potato+Tubers+with+Zebra+Chip+Disease+in+Mexico&rft.au=Munyaneza%2C+JE%3BSengoda%2C+V+G%3BCrosslin%2C+JM%3BLa+Rosa-Lozano%2C+GD%3BSanchez%2C+A&rft.aulast=Munyaneza&rft.aufirst=JE&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=552&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Disease&rft.issn=01912917&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPDIS-93-5-0552A LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Necrosis; Plant diseases; Ribosomal proteins; Yellows; Polymerase chain reaction; Tubers; Primers; Plasmids; rRNA 16S; New species; Solanum tuberosum DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-93-5-0552A ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tillage and cropping sequence impacts on nitrogen cycling in dryland farming in eastern Montana, USA AN - 20597690; 9301657 AB - Information on N cycling in dryland crops and soils as influenced by long-term tillage and cropping sequence is needed to quantify soil N sequestration, mineralization, and N balance to reduce N fertilization rate and N losses through soil processes. The 21-yr effects of the combinations of tillage and cropping sequences was evaluated on dryland crop grain and biomass (stems + leaves) N, soil surface residue N, soil N fractions, and N balance at the 0-20 cm depth in Dooley sandy loam (fine-loamy, mixed, frigid, Typic Argiboroll) in eastern Montana, USA. Treatments were no-tilled continuous spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (NTCW), spring-tilled continuous spring wheat (STCW), fall- and spring-tilled continuous spring wheat (FSTCW), fall- and spring-tilled spring wheat-barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) (1984-1999) followed by spring wheat-pea (Pisum sativum L.) (2000-2004) (FSTW-B/P), and spring-tilled spring wheat-fallow (STW-F). Nitrogen fractions were soil total N (STN), particulate organic N (PON), microbial biomass N (MBN), potential N mineralization (PNM), NH4-N, and NO3-N. Annualized crop grain and biomass N varied with treatments and years and mean grain and biomass N from 1984 to 2004 were 14.3-21.2 kg N ha-1 greater in NTCW, STCW, FSTCW, and FSTW-B/P than in STW-F. Soil surface residue N was 9.1-15.2 kg N ha-1 greater in other treatments than in STW-F in 2004. The STN at 0-20 cm was 0.39-0.96 Mg N ha-1, PON 0.10-0.30 Mg N ha-1, and PNM 4.6-9.4 kg N ha-1 greater in other treatments than in STW-F. At 0-5 cm, STN, PON, and MBN were greater in STCW than in FSTW-B/P and STW-F. At 5-20 cm, STN and PON were greater in NTCW and STCW than in STW-F, PNM and MBN were greater in STCW than in NTCW and STW-F, and NO3-N was greater in FSTW-B/P than in NTCW and FSTCW. Estimated N loss through leaching, volatilization, or denitrification at 0-20 cm depth increased with increasing tillage frequency or greater with fallow than with continuous cropping and ranged from 9 kg N ha-1 yr-1 in NTCW to 46 kg N ha-1 yr-1 in STW-F. Long-term no-till or spring till with continuous cropping increased dryland crop grain and biomass N, soil surface residue N, N storage, and potential N mineralization, and reduced N loss compared with the conventional system, such as STW-F, at the surface 20 cm layer. Greater tillage frequency, followed by pea inclusion in the last 5 out of 21 yr in FSTW-B/P, however, increased N availability at the subsurface layer in 2004. JF - Soil and Tillage Research AU - Sainju, Upendra M AU - Caesar-Tonthat, Thecan AU - Lenssen, Andrew W AU - Evans, Robert G AU - Kolberg, Robert AD - USDA-ARS, Northern Plains Agricultural Research Laboratory, 1500 North Central Avenue, Sidney, MT 59270, USA, upendra.sainju@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 332 EP - 341 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 103 IS - 2 SN - 0167-1987, 0167-1987 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Cropping sequence KW - Dryland cropping system KW - Nitrogen cycling KW - Nitrogen fractions KW - Tillage KW - Residue nitrogen KW - Hordeum vulgare KW - wheat KW - Leaching KW - Residues KW - fallow land KW - no-till cropping KW - Particulates KW - Mineralization KW - Biomass KW - Pisum sativum KW - Crops KW - Soil KW - Storage KW - Triticum aestivum KW - fertilization KW - loam KW - Denitrification KW - Nitrogen cycle KW - tillage KW - USA, Montana KW - Nitrogen KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20597690?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+and+Tillage+Research&rft.atitle=Tillage+and+cropping+sequence+impacts+on+nitrogen+cycling+in+dryland+farming+in+eastern+Montana%2C+USA&rft.au=Sainju%2C+Upendra+M%3BCaesar-Tonthat%2C+Thecan%3BLenssen%2C+Andrew+W%3BEvans%2C+Robert+G%3BKolberg%2C+Robert&rft.aulast=Sainju&rft.aufirst=Upendra&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=332&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+and+Tillage+Research&rft.issn=01671987&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.still.2008.10.024 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - wheat; Leaching; Residues; fallow land; Particulates; no-till cropping; Biomass; Mineralization; Crops; Storage; Soil; loam; fertilization; Denitrification; Nitrogen cycle; tillage; Nitrogen; Hordeum vulgare; Triticum aestivum; Pisum sativum; USA, Montana DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2008.10.024 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geographical dissemination of Leptospira interrogans serovar Pomona during seasonal migration of California sea lions AN - 20595909; 9303680 AB - Leptospirosis is one of the most widespread bacterial zoonoses in the world and affects most mammalian species. Although leptospirosis is well documented and characterized in terrestrial species, less information is available regarding the distribution and impact of leptospirosis in marine mammals. Additionally, the role of animal migrations on the geographical spread of leptospirosis has not been reported. Periodic epizootic outbreaks of acute leptospirosis among California sea lions (Zalophus californianus) have been reported since 1971. In this study, we collected samples from California sea lions stranded along the Pacific coast of North America during the most recent epidemic in 2004, and maintained leptospirosis surveillance of the California sea lion population along the California coast through 2007. Several isolates of Leptospira interrogans serovar Pomona were obtained from kidney and urine samples collected during this study, a finding consistent with serological evidence that California sea lions are persistently exposed to this leptospiral serovar. Combined, these data support a model whereby California sea lions are maintenance hosts for L. interrogans serovar Pomona, yet periodically undergo outbreaks of acute infection. During the 2004 outbreak, the incidence of new leptospirosis cases among California sea lions coincided with the seasonal movement of male sea lions from rookeries along the coast of central and southern California north as far as British Columbia. These data show that seasonal animal movement contributes to the distribution of leptospirosis across a large geographical region. JF - Veterinary Microbiology AU - Zuerner, Richard L AU - Cameron, Caroline E AU - Raverty, Stephen AU - Robinson, John AU - Colegrove, Kathleen M AU - Norman, Stephanie A AU - Lambourn, Dyanna AU - Jeffries, Steven AU - Alt, David P AU - Gulland, Frances AD - Bacterial Diseases of Livestock, National Animal Disease Center, P.O. Box 70, Ames, IA 50010, USA, Richard.Zuerner@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 105 EP - 110 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 137 IS - 1-2 SN - 0378-1135, 0378-1135 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts KW - Leptospirosis KW - California sea lions KW - Zoonosis KW - Data processing KW - Epidemics KW - Epizootics KW - Zalophus californianus KW - Infection KW - Migration KW - Models KW - Zoonoses KW - Leptospira interrogans KW - Urine KW - Kidney KW - Coasts KW - Q4 27800:Miscellaneous KW - A 01490:Miscellaneous KW - J 02400:Human Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20595909?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Veterinary+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Geographical+dissemination+of+Leptospira+interrogans+serovar+Pomona+during+seasonal+migration+of+California+sea+lions&rft.au=Zuerner%2C+Richard+L%3BCameron%2C+Caroline+E%3BRaverty%2C+Stephen%3BRobinson%2C+John%3BColegrove%2C+Kathleen+M%3BNorman%2C+Stephanie+A%3BLambourn%2C+Dyanna%3BJeffries%2C+Steven%3BAlt%2C+David+P%3BGulland%2C+Frances&rft.aulast=Zuerner&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=137&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=105&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Veterinary+Microbiology&rft.issn=03781135&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.vetmic.2008.12.017 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Zoonoses; Epidemics; Data processing; Urine; Leptospirosis; Kidney; Epizootics; Infection; Migration; Models; Coasts; Leptospira interrogans; Zalophus californianus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2008.12.017 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Introgression between invasive saltcedars (Tamarix chinensis and T. ramosissima) in the USA AN - 20585788; 9299660 AB - Saltcedars (Tamarix ramosissima and T. chinensis) are native to Asia, but since introduction into the USA have become common and invasive in many western riparian habitats. Recent molecular analysis of a single locus nuclear DNA sequence marker has shown that in their native range the two species are genetically distinct, but within the USA populations many of the plants (23%) are novel hybrids. Here, we used multilocus DNA markers (amplified fragment length polymorphisms) to determine the levels of introgression in USA plants. Species-specific diagnostic markers, principal coordinates analysis, and a Bayesian model-based clustering analysis all indicate a much higher incidence of hybridization (83-87%) than was revealed by the single locus marker, with USA plants forming a genetic continuum between the two parental types. Additionally, the level of introgression toward Tamarix ramosissima or T. chinensis was strongly correlated with latitude. Concordance of level of introgression was highest between principal coordinates analysis and the Bayesian analysis. The high percentage of novel hybrids may have implications for classical biological control efforts. JF - Biological Invasions AU - Gaskin, John F AU - Kazmer, David J AD - Northern Plains Agricultural Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS, 1500 North Central Avenue, Sidney, MT, 59270, USA, jgaskin@sidney.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 1121 EP - 1130 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 VL - 11 IS - 5 SN - 1387-3547, 1387-3547 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Biological control KW - Geographical distribution KW - Bayesian analysis KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Freshwater KW - Hybridization KW - Population genetics KW - Amplified fragment length polymorphism KW - Hybrids KW - Invasions KW - Asia KW - Tamarix chinensis KW - Rivers KW - Habitat KW - Biopolymorphism KW - USA KW - hybrids KW - Probability theory KW - DNA KW - latitude KW - Tamarix ramosissima KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - A 01370:Biological Control KW - Q3 08585:Plant culture KW - Q5 08522:Protective measures and control KW - Q1 08585:Plant culture KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20585788?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biological+Invasions&rft.atitle=Introgression+between+invasive+saltcedars+%28Tamarix+chinensis+and+T.+ramosissima%29+in+the+USA&rft.au=Gaskin%2C+John+F%3BKazmer%2C+David+J&rft.aulast=Gaskin&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1121&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biological+Invasions&rft.issn=13873547&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10530-008-9384-1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Biological control; Population genetics; Geographical distribution; Nucleotide sequence; Probability theory; DNA; Biopolymorphism; Hybridization; Amplified fragment length polymorphism; Bayesian analysis; Hybrids; Invasions; Habitat; hybrids; latitude; Tamarix ramosissima; Tamarix chinensis; USA; Asia; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10530-008-9384-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial production of xylitol from l-arabinose by metabolically engineered Escherichia coli AN - 20582836; 9283186 AB - An Escherichia coli strain, ZUC99(pATX210), which can produce xylitol from l-arabinose at a high yield, has been created by introducing a new bioconversion pathway into the cells. This pathway consists of three enzymes: l-arabinose isomerase (which converts l-arabinose to l-ribulose), d-psicose 3-epimerase (which converts l-ribulose to l-xylulose), and l-xylulose reductase (which converts l-xylulose to xylitol). The genes encoding these enzymes were cloned behind the araBAD promoter in tandem so that they were polycistronically transcribed from the single promoter, like an operon. Expression of the recombinant enzymes in the active form was successfully achieved in the presence of l-arabinose. A xylitol production profile of the recombinant strain was evaluated by shake-flask fermentation. ZUC99(pATX210) produced 2.6 g/l xylitol using 4.2 g/l l-arabinose with a xylitol yield of 0.62 g/g l-arabinose in 36 h. It was determined that utilization of glycerol as a co-substrate significantly improved xylitol production and yield. In the presence of 11.8 g/l glycerol, ZUC99(pATX210) produced 9.7 g/l xylitol from 10.5 g/l l-arabinose with a xylitol yield of 0.92 g/g l-arabinose in 36 h. ZUC99(pATX210) also exhibited efficient conversion in fermentor experiments with 1 l medium containing l-arabinose and glycerol. The strain produced 14.5 g/l xylitol from 15.2 g/l l-arabinose with a xylitol yield of 0.95 g/g l-arabinose in 30 h. JF - Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering AU - Sakakibara, Yoshikiyo AU - Saha, Badal C AU - Taylor, Paul AD - Fermentation Biotechnology Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1815 N. University St., Peoria, IL 61604, USA, sakaki@affrc.go.jp Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 506 EP - 511 PB - The Society for Biotechnology, Japan VL - 107 IS - 5 SN - 1389-1723, 1389-1723 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Xylitol KW - l-Arabinose KW - Escherichia coli KW - Metabolic engineering KW - Cofactor regeneration KW - L-Arabinose KW - Fermentation KW - Enzymes KW - L-Arabinose isomerase KW - L-Xylulose reductase KW - Promoters KW - Glycerol KW - bioconversion KW - Operons KW - L-ribulose KW - J 02310:Genetics & Taxonomy KW - A 01310:Products of Microorganisms KW - W 30945:Fermentation & Cell Culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20582836?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Bioscience+and+Bioengineering&rft.atitle=Microbial+production+of+xylitol+from+l-arabinose+by+metabolically+engineered+Escherichia+coli&rft.au=Sakakibara%2C+Yoshikiyo%3BSaha%2C+Badal+C%3BTaylor%2C+Paul&rft.aulast=Sakakibara&rft.aufirst=Yoshikiyo&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=107&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=506&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Bioscience+and+Bioengineering&rft.issn=13891723&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jbiosc.2008.12.017 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Promoters; L-Arabinose; Glycerol; Fermentation; bioconversion; Xylitol; L-Arabinose isomerase; Enzymes; Operons; L-ribulose; L-Xylulose reductase; Escherichia coli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiosc.2008.12.017 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - LysK CHAP endopeptidase domain is required for lysis of live staphylococcal cells AN - 20577288; 9288741 AB - AbstractLysK is a staphylococcal bacteriophage endolysin composed of three domains: an N-terminal cysteine, histidine-dependent amidohydrolases-peptidases (CHAP) endopeptidase domain, a midprotein amidase 2 domain, and a C-terminal SH3b_5 (SH3b) cell wall-binding domain. Both catalytic domains are active on purified peptidoglycan by positive-ion electrospray ionization MS. The cut sites are identical to LytA (phi11 endolysin), with cleavage between d-alanine of the stem peptide and glycine of the cross-bridge peptide, and N-acetylmuramoyl-l-alanine amidase activity. Truncations of the LysK containing just the CHAP domain lyse Staphylococcus aureus cells in zymogram analysis, plate lysis, and turbidity reduction assays but have no detectable activity in a minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay. In contrast, truncations harboring just the amidase lytic domain show faint activity in both the zymogram and turbidity reduction assays, but no detectable activity in either plate lysis or MIC assays. A fusion of the CHAP domain to the SH3b domain has near full-length LysK lytic activity, suggesting the need for a C-terminal binding domain. Both LysK and the CHAP-SH3b fusion were shown to lyse untreated S. aureus and the coagulase-negative strains. In the checkerboard assay, the CHAP-SH3b fusion achieves the same level of antimicrobial synergy with lysostaphin as the full-length LysK. JF - FEMS Microbiology Letters AU - Becker, Stephen C AU - Dong, Shengli AU - Baker, John R AU - Foster-Frey, Juli AU - Pritchard, David G AU - Donovan, David M AD - 1Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Animal and Natural Resources Institute, BARC, ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD, USA; and Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 52 EP - 60 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 VL - 294 IS - 1 SN - 0378-1097, 0378-1097 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - peptidoglycan hydrolase KW - bacteriophage endolysin KW - autolysin KW - lysostaphin KW - LysK KW - coagulase-negative Staphylococcus KW - Phages KW - Glycine KW - Amidase KW - D-Alanine KW - peptidoglycans KW - Lysostaphin KW - Minimum inhibitory concentration KW - N-Acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase KW - Antimicrobial agents KW - Cysteine KW - Staphylococcus aureus KW - Ionization KW - Turbidity KW - endopeptidase KW - A 01340:Antibiotics & Antimicrobials KW - V 22340:Antiviral Agents KW - J 02430:Symbiosis, Antibiosis & Phages UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20577288?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=FEMS+Microbiology+Letters&rft.atitle=LysK+CHAP+endopeptidase+domain+is+required+for+lysis+of+live+staphylococcal+cells&rft.au=Becker%2C+Stephen+C%3BDong%2C+Shengli%3BBaker%2C+John+R%3BFoster-Frey%2C+Juli%3BPritchard%2C+David+G%3BDonovan%2C+David+M&rft.aulast=Becker&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=294&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=52&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=FEMS+Microbiology+Letters&rft.issn=03781097&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1574-6968.2009.01541.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Phages; Amidase; Glycine; D-Alanine; peptidoglycans; Lysostaphin; Minimum inhibitory concentration; N-Acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase; Antimicrobial agents; Cysteine; Ionization; Turbidity; endopeptidase; Staphylococcus aureus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2009.01541.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mathematical modeling of growth of Salmonella in raw ground beef under isothermal conditions from 10 to 45 °C AN - 20574184; 9283106 AB - The objective of this study was to develop primary and secondary models to describe the growth of Salmonella in raw ground beef. Primary and secondary models can be integrated into a dynamic model that can predict the microbial growth under varying environmental conditions. Growth data of Salmonella at nine different isothermal conditions - 10, 15, 20, 25, 28, 32, 35, 42, and 45 °C were first fitted into primary models, namely the logistic, modified Gompertz, Baranyi, and Huang models. Performances of these models were evaluated by using various statistical criteria, namely mean square error (MSE), pseudo-R2, - 2 log likelihood, Akaike's and Bayesian's information criteria. All the chosen models fitted well to the growth data of Salmonella based on these criteria. The results of statistical analysis showed that there was no significant difference in the performances of the four primary models, suggesting that the models were equally suitable for describing isothermal bacterial growth. The specific growth rates derived from each model was fitted to the Modified Ratkowsky equation, relating the specific growth rate to growth temperatures. It was also observed that the lag phase duration was an inverse function of specific growth rates. These models, if validated, can be used to construct dynamic models to predict potential Salmonella growth in raw ground beef. JF - International Journal of Food Microbiology AU - Juneja, Vijay K AU - Melendres, Martin Valenzuela AU - Huang, Lihan AU - Subbiah, Jeyamkondan AU - Thippareddi, Harshavardhan AD - USDA ARS Eastern Regional Research Center, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19308, USA, vijay.juneja@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 106 EP - 111 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 131 IS - 2-3 SN - 0168-1605, 0168-1605 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Salmonella KW - Beef KW - Microbial modeling KW - Growth rate KW - Temperature effects KW - Lag phase KW - Mathematical models KW - Data processing KW - Statistics KW - Bayesian analysis KW - Temperature KW - Statistical analysis KW - Food contamination KW - Environmental conditions KW - J 02320:Cell Biology KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology KW - H 4000:Food and Drugs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20574184?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Food+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Mathematical+modeling+of+growth+of+Salmonella+in+raw+ground+beef+under+isothermal+conditions+from+10+to+45+%C2%B0C&rft.au=Juneja%2C+Vijay+K%3BMelendres%2C+Martin+Valenzuela%3BHuang%2C+Lihan%3BSubbiah%2C+Jeyamkondan%3BThippareddi%2C+Harshavardhan&rft.aulast=Juneja&rft.aufirst=Vijay&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=131&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=106&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Food+Microbiology&rft.issn=01681605&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ijfoodmicro.2009.01.034 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Growth rate; Lag phase; Statistics; Data processing; Mathematical models; Bayesian analysis; Beef; Statistical analysis; Environmental conditions; Temperature; Food contamination; Salmonella DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2009.01.034 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A simple method for screening antimicrobial compounds with application to plant disease and fruit quality AN - 20574026; 9290014 AB - AbstractAims: It is often difficult to extrapolate information from a Petri dish and apply it to commercial applications as with antimicrobial assays. Often large volumes of commodities are used for a virtually untested protocol and result in an unnecessary expenditure of time and materials. An intermediate method, where experimental compounds could be tested directly on a specific commodity without expending large quantities of either sample or compound, would be practical and economical.Methods and Results: A method was developed that employs the use of a small experimental chamber in which pieces of natural materials (e.g. fruit) can be tested with antimicrobial compounds. This method uses a type of autoclavable incubation chamber with a filter paper base, hydrating sponge pieces and a sterile glass sample platform. The chamber offers a sterile, controlled environment and can be manipulated to serve a number of studies.Conclusion: The chamber results are more analogous to what happens on whole fruit than the Petri dish.Significance and Impact of the Study: This method is presently used to screen for antimicrobial compounds and treatments needed to control serious economic pests compromising Florida's agriculture. JF - Letters in Applied Microbiology AU - Narciso, JA AD - USDA-ARS, Citrus and Subtropical Products Laboratory, Winter Haven, FL, USA, jan.narciso@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 548 EP - 553 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road VL - 48 IS - 5 SN - 0266-8254, 0266-8254 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - antimicrobial treatments KW - environmental chamber KW - experimental method KW - macro and microscopic evaluation KW - tissue evaluation KW - Agriculture KW - Fruits KW - Plant diseases KW - Economics KW - Filter paper KW - Pests KW - Antimicrobial agents KW - A 01300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20574026?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Letters+in+Applied+Microbiology&rft.atitle=A+simple+method+for+screening+antimicrobial+compounds+with+application+to+plant+disease+and+fruit+quality&rft.au=Narciso%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Narciso&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=548&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Letters+in+Applied+Microbiology&rft.issn=02668254&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1472-765X.2009.02568.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agriculture; Fruits; Plant diseases; Economics; Filter paper; Pests; Antimicrobial agents DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-765X.2009.02568.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Insecticide, sugar, and diet effects on feeding and mortality in Rhagoletis indifferens (Dipt., Tephritidae) AN - 20573403; 9289491 AB - The effects of spinosad bait and various insecticides, the presence of sugar in insecticides, and diet on feeding responses and mortality in western cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis indifferens Curran (Dipt., Tephritidae), were determined. Numbers of feeding events on insecticides with sugar were greater than on insecticides alone, but there was only a small effect of diet on feeding responses to insecticides with sugar. Feeding durations on imidacloprid, thiamethoxam and acetamiprid with sugar were shorter than on sugar water and spinosad bait, as the neonicotinoids paralysed flies quickly. Flies that fed on sugar only (nitrogen-starved) suffered higher mortalities when exposed to spinosad, thiamethoxam and azinphos-methyl than to imidacloprid, acetamiprid and indoxacarb, and mortality in between these two groups of treatments when exposed to spinosad bait. Mortalities were greater when sugar was added to insecticides, and were higher in nitrogen-starved than fully-fed (yeast extract + sugar fed) flies. Flies that fed once on thiamethoxam were killed more quickly than those that fed once on spinosad bait and spinosad. Results suggest that thiamethoxam is comparable to spinosad in its effects on mortality, and that using it with sugar in bait may also have similar results as using spinosad bait or spinosad. One benefit of using thiamethoxam with sugar may be that it kills flies more quickly, before they can oviposit, than spinosad bait, although whether a fly will feed on it may depend on how much sugar or nitrogenous food it has eaten. JF - Journal of Applied Entomology AU - Yee, W L AD - United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Yakima Agricultural Research Laboratory, Wapato, WA, USA, wee.yee@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 297 EP - 306 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road VL - 133 IS - 4 SN - 0931-2048, 0931-2048 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - western cherry fruit fly KW - neonicotinoids KW - feeding duration KW - paralysis and mortality KW - Diets KW - Sugar KW - Mortality KW - Feeding KW - Imidacloprid KW - Rhagoletis indifferens KW - Insecticides KW - thiamethoxam KW - Tephritidae KW - Spinosad KW - Prunus KW - Z 05300:General KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20573403?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Entomology&rft.atitle=Insecticide%2C+sugar%2C+and+diet+effects+on+feeding+and+mortality+in+Rhagoletis+indifferens+%28Dipt.%2C+Tephritidae%29&rft.au=Yee%2C+W+L&rft.aulast=Yee&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=133&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=297&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Entomology&rft.issn=09312048&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1439-0418.2008.01359.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diets; Imidacloprid; Feeding; Mortality; Sugar; thiamethoxam; Insecticides; Spinosad; Rhagoletis indifferens; Tephritidae; Prunus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.2008.01359.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fate of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella from contaminated manure slurry applied to soil surrounding tall fescue AN - 20572447; 9290019 AB - AbstractAim: To investigate the potential transfer of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella from contaminated manure slurry into the tissue of tall fescue plants.Methods and Results: Tall fescue plants (n=50) were fertilized with a manure slurry inoculated with E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella. Soil was collected and tall fescue plants (n =10 per day) harvested on day 1, 2, 4, 8, and 14 after manure slurry fertilization. Soil samples were positive for E. coli O157:H7 on all days and on day 1, 2, 8, and 14 for Salmonella. None of the plant tissue samples were positive for E. coli O157:H7 on day 1 or 2; however, 20%, 30% and 40% of plant tissue samples were positive for E. coli O157:H7 on day 4, 8, and 14, respectively.Conclusions: It may be possible that E. coli O157:H7 can become transmitted and internalized into tall fescue plant tissue within 4 days after exposure to an E. coli O157:H7-contaminated manure slurry. Salmonella did not appear to be transferred to tall fescue plant tissue.Significance and Impact of the Study: Faeces contaminated with E. coli O157:11H7 may be one means by which grazing ruminants spread bacterial pathogens to additional animals. JF - Letters in Applied Microbiology AU - Looper, M L AU - Edrington, T S AU - Callaway, T R AU - Rosenkrans Jr, CF AD - 1 USDA-ARS, Dale Bumpers Small Farms Research Center, Booneville, AR, USA, mike.looper@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 513 EP - 516 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road VL - 48 IS - 5 SN - 0266-8254, 0266-8254 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - agriculture KW - ecology KW - production KW - soil KW - waste water KW - Soil KW - Ruminantia KW - Fertilization KW - Manure KW - Grazing KW - Slurries KW - Escherichia coli KW - Pathogens KW - Feces KW - Salmonella KW - J 02410:Animal Diseases KW - A 01400:Soil Microbes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20572447?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Letters+in+Applied+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Fate+of+Escherichia+coli+O157%3AH7+and+Salmonella+from+contaminated+manure+slurry+applied+to+soil+surrounding+tall+fescue&rft.au=Looper%2C+M+L%3BEdrington%2C+T+S%3BCallaway%2C+T+R%3BRosenkrans+Jr%2C+CF&rft.aulast=Looper&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=513&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Letters+in+Applied+Microbiology&rft.issn=02668254&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1472-765X.2009.02563.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Fertilization; Manure; Grazing; Slurries; Pathogens; Feces; Ruminantia; Escherichia coli; Salmonella DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-765X.2009.02563.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cultivation of 'Candidates Liberibacter asiaticus', 'Ca. L. africanus', and 'Ca. L. americanus' Associated with Huanglongbing AN - 20570411; 9270929 AB - A new medium designated Liber A has been designed and used to successfully cultivate all three 'Candidatus Liberibacter spp.,' the suspect causative agents of huanglongbing (HLB) in citrus. The medium containing citrus vein extract and a growth factor sustained growth of 'Ca. Liberibacter spp.' for four or five single-colony transfers before viability declined. Colonies, positive for 'Ca. L. asiaticus' by a 16s-based rDNA real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay and sequencing, were irregular-shaped, convex, and 0.1 to 0.3 mm after 3 to 4 days. Suspect 'Ca. L. asiaticus' and 'Ca. L. americanus' cells were observed in infected tissue and on agar culture by scanning electron microscopy. The cells were ovoid to rod shaped, 0.3 to 0.4 by 0.5 to 2.0 km, often with fimbriae-like appendages. Two strains of 'Ca. L. asiaticus' and one of 'Ca. L. americanus' grown on Liber A medium were pathogenic on citrus and could be isolated from noninoculated tissues of inoculated trees and seedlings 9 and 2 months later, respectively. The identity was confirmed by RT-PCR and 16s rDNA sequencing. This is the first report of the cultivation and pathogenicity of 'Ca. L. asiaticus' and 'Ca. L. americanus' associated with symptoms of HLB. JF - Phytopathology AU - Sechler, A AU - Schuenzel, EL AU - Cooke, P AU - Donnua, S AU - Thaveechai, N AU - Postnikova, E AU - Stone, AL AU - Schneider, W L AU - Damsteegt, V D AU - Schaad, N W AD - U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) Foreign Disease Weed Science Research, Ft. Detrick, MD 21702, USA, norman.schaad@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 480 EP - 486 VL - 99 IS - 5 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Citrus KW - Agar KW - Scanning electron microscopy KW - Trees KW - Carcinoembryonic antigen KW - Cell culture KW - Colonies KW - Veins KW - Pathogenicity KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Seedlings KW - Growth factors KW - rRNA 16S KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20570411?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Cultivation+of+%27Candidates+Liberibacter+asiaticus%27%2C+%27Ca.+L.+africanus%27%2C+and+%27Ca.+L.+americanus%27+Associated+with+Huanglongbing&rft.au=Sechler%2C+A%3BSchuenzel%2C+EL%3BCooke%2C+P%3BDonnua%2C+S%3BThaveechai%2C+N%3BPostnikova%2C+E%3BStone%2C+AL%3BSchneider%2C+W+L%3BDamsteegt%2C+V+D%3BSchaad%2C+N+W&rft.aulast=Sechler&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=480&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPHYTO-99-5-0480 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Scanning electron microscopy; Agar; Colonies; Veins; Pathogenicity; Trees; Carcinoembryonic antigen; Polymerase chain reaction; Cell culture; Seedlings; Growth factors; rRNA 16S; Citrus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-99-5-0480 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Epiphytic Bacteria and Yeasts on Apple Blossoms and Their Potential as Antagonists of Erwinia amylovora AN - 20570306; 9270939 AB - Apple blossoms were sampled for indigenous epiphytic populations of culturable microorganisms during different stages of bloom at two locations in central Washington State and one site in Corvallis, OR. Frequencies and population sizes of bacteria on stigmas of apple were lower in Washington than at Corvallis, where average relative humidity was higher and possibly favored greater colonization; however, bacteria at Corvallis were mainly pseudomonads, whereas those in Washington were diverse, composed of several genera. In Washington, yeast as well as bacteria were isolated from both stigmatic and hypanthial surfaces. Sampled blossoms were processed immediately to assess microbial populations, or after a 24-h incubation at 28C and high relative humidity, which broadened the range of detectable taxa evaluated as potential antagonists. Identifications were based on fatty acid methyl ester profiles and rDNA sequence analyses. Yeasts or yeastlike organisms were detected at frequencies similar to or greater than bacteria, particularly in hypanthia. When microbial isolates were tested for their capacity to suppress Erwinia amylovora on stigmas of detached crab apple flowers, many were ineffective. The best antagonists were the bacteria Pantoea agglomerans and Pseudomonas spp. and a few yeasts identified as Cryptococcus spp. Further evaluation of these taxa on flowers could lead to the discovery of additional biocontrol agents for fire blight. JF - Phytopathology AU - Pusey, P L AU - Stockwell, VO AU - Mazzola, M AD - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Tree Fruit Research Laboratory, Wenatchee, WA 98801, USA, larry.pusey@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 571 EP - 581 VL - 99 IS - 5 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Relative humidity KW - Biological control KW - Fires KW - Flowers KW - Decapoda KW - Pantoea agglomerans KW - Carcinoembryonic antigen KW - Pseudomonas KW - Cryptococcus KW - Stigma KW - Antagonists KW - Colonization KW - Blight KW - Microorganisms KW - fatty acid methyl esters KW - Malus KW - Erwinia amylovora KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20570306?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Epiphytic+Bacteria+and+Yeasts+on+Apple+Blossoms+and+Their+Potential+as+Antagonists+of+Erwinia+amylovora&rft.au=Pusey%2C+P+L%3BStockwell%2C+VO%3BMazzola%2C+M&rft.aulast=Pusey&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=571&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPHYTO-99-5-0571 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological control; Relative humidity; Fires; Colonization; Flowers; Blight; Carcinoembryonic antigen; fatty acid methyl esters; Microorganisms; Stigma; Antagonists; Decapoda; Pantoea agglomerans; Malus; Pseudomonas; Cryptococcus; Erwinia amylovora DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-99-5-0571 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Diversity, Virulence, and 2,4-Diacetylphloroglucinol Sensitivity of Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici Isolates from Washington State AN - 20569127; 9270928 AB - We determined whether isolates of the take-all pathogen Gaeuman-nomyces graminis var. tritici become less sensitive to 2,4-diacetylphloro-glucinol (2,4-DAPG) during wheat monoculture as a result of exposure to the antibiotic over multiple growing seasons. Isolates of G. graminis var. tritici were baited from roots of native grasses collected from noncropped fields and from roots of wheat from fields with different cropping histories near Lind, Ritzville, Pullman, and Almota, WA. Isolates were characterized by using morphological traits, G. graminis variety-specific polymerase chain reaction and pathogenicity tests. The sensitivity of G. graminis var. tritici isolates to 2,4-DAPG was determined by measuring radial growth of each isolate. The 90% effective dose value was 3.1 to 4.4 kg ml super(-1) for 2,4-DAPG-sensitive isolates, 4.5 to 6.1 kg ml super(-1) for moderately sensitive isolates, and 6.2 to 11.1 kg ml super(-1) for less sensitive isolates. Sensitivity of G. graminis var. tritici isolates to 2,4-DAPG was normally distributed in all fields and was not correlated with geographic origin or cropping history of the field. There was no correlation between virulence on wheat and geographical origin, or virulence and sensitivity to 2,4-DAPG. These results indicate that G. graminis var. tritici does not become less sensitive to 2,4-DAPG during extended wheat monoculture. JF - Phytopathology AU - Kwak, Y-S AU - Bakker, PAHM AU - Glandorf, DCM AU - Rice, J T AU - Paulitz, T C AU - Weller, D M AD - USDA-ARS, Root Disease and Biological Control Research Unit, Pullman, WA 99164-6430, USA, wellerd@wsu.edu Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 472 EP - 479 VL - 99 IS - 5 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Geographical distribution KW - Take-all disease KW - Gaeumannomyces graminis KW - Grasses KW - Carcinoembryonic antigen KW - Roots KW - Antibiotics KW - Pathogens KW - Virulence KW - Triticum aestivum KW - Pathogenicity KW - Morphology KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20569127?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Diversity%2C+Virulence%2C+and+2%2C4-Diacetylphloroglucinol+Sensitivity+of+Gaeumannomyces+graminis+var.+tritici+Isolates+from+Washington+State&rft.au=Kwak%2C+Y-S%3BBakker%2C+PAHM%3BGlandorf%2C+DCM%3BRice%2C+J+T%3BPaulitz%2C+T+C%3BWeller%2C+D+M&rft.aulast=Kwak&rft.aufirst=Y-S&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=472&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPHYTO-99-5-0472 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Virulence; Take-all disease; Geographical distribution; Pathogenicity; Grasses; Morphology; Carcinoembryonic antigen; Polymerase chain reaction; Roots; Antibiotics; Pathogens; Triticum aestivum; Gaeumannomyces graminis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-99-5-0472 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Primary Metabolism and Plant Defense--Fuel for the Fire AN - 20557657; 9259219 AB - Plants have the ability to recognize and respond to a multitude of microorganisms. Recognition of pathogens results in a massive reprogramming of the plant cell to activate and deploy defense responses to halt pathogen growth. Such responses are associated with increased demands for energy, reducing equivalents, and carbon skeletons that are provided by primary metabolic pathways. Although pathogen recognition and downstream resistance responses have been the focus of major study, an intriguing and comparatively understudied phenomenon is how plants are able to recruit energy for the defense response. To that end, this review will summarize current research on energy-producing primary metabolism pathways and their role in fueling the resistance response. JF - Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions AU - Bolton, MD AD - United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Northern Crops Science Laboratory, Fargo, ND, USA, Melvin.Bolton@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 487 EP - 497 VL - 22 IS - 5 SN - 0894-0282, 0894-0282 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Fires KW - Carbon KW - Plant cells KW - Energy KW - Reviews KW - Microorganisms KW - Metabolic pathways KW - Pathogens KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20557657?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Plant-Microbe+Interactions&rft.atitle=Primary+Metabolism+and+Plant+Defense--Fuel+for+the+Fire&rft.au=Bolton%2C+MD&rft.aulast=Bolton&rft.aufirst=MD&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=487&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+Plant-Microbe+Interactions&rft.issn=08940282&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FMPMI-22-5-0487 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fires; Carbon; Plant cells; Reviews; Energy; Metabolic pathways; Microorganisms; Pathogens DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/MPMI-22-5-0487 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - PERCENT MOISTURE AND SEED COAT CHARACTERISTICS OF ALFALFA SEEDS AFTER ARTIFICIAL INOCULATION AN - 20545772; 9252481 AB - ABSTRACTNaturally contaminated seeds have low pathogen levels. Most reports on sanitizing efficacy used artificially inoculated seeds. There is no standard procedure for artificially inoculating seeds with bacteria pathogens. This study compared 15 published inoculation procedures as they impact the percent moisture of alfalfa seeds. The percent moisture after drying was similar for the 15 procedures, verifying that the inoculation method had no effect. Using white and ultraviolet (UV) fluorescent light at 360 nm, the physical characteristics of different alfalfa varieties' seed coats were examined. Exposed cotyledon fluoresced under the UV light, making viewing of wrinkled, broken and cracked seed coats easier. The effects of wetting and drying on broken or cracked seed coats were photographed. During inoculation, cracks or breaks in the seed coats became more pronounced and curled away from the cotyledon; thus, bacteria cells in the inocula became trapped in the cracks or under the seed coat. Upon drying, the seed coat did not return to the original position. Condition of the seeds used for artificial inoculation would therefore be expected to impact the result of a decontamination procedure. Examination of seed lots using the UV fluorescent light could potentially be used to remove the cracked and wrinkled seeds.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSVegetable sprouts can be a vehicle for foodborne illnesses, and seeds are considered the source of contamination. Naturally contaminated seeds have low pathogen levels. Reports on the efficacy of sanitizers used artificially inoculated seeds. There is no standard procedure for artificially inoculating seeds, and different inoculation methods were reported. We compared the impact of 15 different procedures on the percent moisture of alfalfa seeds from one lot. The percent moisture after drying was similar for the various procedures. Using white and UV fluorescent light at 360 nm, we examined the physical characteristics of seed coats. Exposed cotyledon fluoresced under the UV light. During inoculation, broken seed coats curled away from the cotyledon, which did not return to the original condition on drying, allowing bacteria to become trapped. The original condition of the seeds used for artificial inoculation would therefore be expected to impact the result of a decontamination procedure. JF - Journal of Food Safety AU - Rajkowski, Kathleen T AD - United States Department of AgricultureAgricultural Research ServiceEastern Regional Research Center600 E. Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038, USA Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 224 EP - 235 PB - Food & Nutrition Press Inc., 6527 Main St. VL - 29 IS - 2 SN - 0149-6085, 0149-6085 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Seeds KW - Physical characteristics KW - Food KW - Drying KW - Decontamination KW - alfalfa KW - Pathogens KW - Food contamination KW - food-borne diseases KW - Cotyledons KW - U.V. radiation KW - Ultraviolet radiation KW - Inoculation KW - Sanitizers KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology KW - H 4000:Food and Drugs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20545772?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Food+Safety&rft.atitle=PERCENT+MOISTURE+AND+SEED+COAT+CHARACTERISTICS+OF+ALFALFA+SEEDS+AFTER+ARTIFICIAL+INOCULATION&rft.au=Rajkowski%2C+Kathleen+T&rft.aulast=Rajkowski&rft.aufirst=Kathleen&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=224&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Food+Safety&rft.issn=01496085&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1745-4565.2009.00152.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cotyledons; Physical characteristics; Seeds; U.V. radiation; Food; Inoculation; Decontamination; Drying; Sanitizers; Pathogens; Food contamination; Ultraviolet radiation; alfalfa; food-borne diseases DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4565.2009.00152.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microsatellite loci for the fungus Ascosphaera apis: cause of honey bee chalkbrood disease AN - 20544701; 9252948 AB - The fungus Ascosphaera apis is a worldwide fungal pathogen of honey bees. To provide tools for understanding the dispersal history of this pathogen, strain differences in virulence, and host-pathogen interactions, we used the draft genome assembly of A. apis to develop microsatellite loci for this species. We present testing results for 25 scorable loci revealing two to eight alleles per locus in a survey of Maryland isolates of this fungus. JF - Molecular Ecology Resources AU - Rehner, Stephen A AU - Evans, Jay D AD - *USDA-ARS Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory, Beltsville, MD, USA 20705, stephen.rehner@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 855 EP - 858 PB - Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd. VL - 9 IS - 3 SN - 1755-098X, 1755-098X KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Entomology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - Apis mellifera KW - entomopathogenic fungi KW - honey bee KW - social insect KW - Virulence KW - Genomes KW - Host-pathogen interactions KW - Apis KW - Ascosphaera apis KW - Microsatellites KW - Pathogens KW - Dispersal KW - Chalkbrood disease KW - Z 05340:Ecology and Behavior KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - G 07780:Fungi KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20544701?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Ecology+Resources&rft.atitle=Microsatellite+loci+for+the+fungus+Ascosphaera+apis%3A+cause+of+honey+bee+chalkbrood+disease&rft.au=Rehner%2C+Stephen+A%3BEvans%2C+Jay+D&rft.aulast=Rehner&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=855&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+Ecology+Resources&rft.issn=1755098X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1755-0998.2008.02455.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Virulence; Host-pathogen interactions; Microsatellites; Dispersal; Pathogens; Chalkbrood disease; Apis; Ascosphaera apis; Apis mellifera DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-0998.2008.02455.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microsatellite markers for the diploid basidiomycete fungus Armillaria mellea AN - 20544653; 9252943 AB - AbstractWe isolated and characterized 12 microsatellite markers for two North American populations (California, Pennsylvania) of Armillaria mellea, a fungal pathogen responsible for Armillaria root disease of numerous woody plants. Allele frequency ranged from two to nine alleles per locus, and gene diversity ranged from 0.05 to 0.86. Of the 12 loci, eight loci were polymorphic in the California and Pennsylvania populations, and showed no evidence of heterozygote deficiencies or severe linkage disequilibrium. Our results suggest that we have isolated and characterized variable loci to estimate genotypic diversity, gene flow and migration, and to determine population structure of North American A. mellea. JF - Molecular Ecology Resources AU - Baumgartner, K AU - Grubisha, L C AU - Fujiyoshi, P AU - Garbelotto, M AU - Bergemann, Se AD - *USDA-ARS, 363 Hutchison Hall, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA,, kbaumgartner@ucdavis.edu Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 943 EP - 946 PB - Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd. VL - 9 IS - 3 SN - 1755-098X, 1755-098X KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Ecology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - Armillaria root disease KW - Basidiomycota KW - plant pathogen KW - population structure KW - somatic incompatibility KW - Plant diseases KW - Diploids KW - Armillaria KW - Armillaria mellea KW - Microsatellites KW - Roots KW - Pathogens KW - Migration KW - Linkage disequilibrium KW - Basidiomycetes KW - Genetic markers KW - Heterozygotes KW - Gene flow KW - Population structure KW - Gene frequency KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20544653?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Ecology+Resources&rft.atitle=Microsatellite+markers+for+the+diploid+basidiomycete+fungus+Armillaria+mellea&rft.au=Baumgartner%2C+K%3BGrubisha%2C+L+C%3BFujiyoshi%2C+P%3BGarbelotto%2C+M%3BBergemann%2C+Se&rft.aulast=Baumgartner&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=943&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+Ecology+Resources&rft.issn=1755098X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1755-0998.2008.02494.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Linkage disequilibrium; Plant diseases; Diploids; Gene flow; Heterozygotes; Genetic markers; Microsatellites; Roots; Gene frequency; Population structure; Pathogens; Migration; Basidiomycetes; Armillaria; Armillaria mellea DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-0998.2008.02494.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of diquat against an acute experimental infection of Flavobacterium columnare in channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque) AN - 20542176; 9252427 AB - A trial was performed to evaluate the efficacy of diquat (6,7-dihydrodipyrido[1,2-a:2',1'-c]pyrazinediium dibromide) against an acute experimental infection of Flavobacterium columnare in channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus. Diquat is an Environmental Protection Agency-approved herbicide and has the potential to be legally and practically used against columnaris. Channel catfish were challenged, by cutaneous abrasion, and waterborne exposure to F. columnare and treated once at 22-h post-challenge with 2.5, 5.0, 10.0 and 15 mg L-1 of diquat active ingredient for 6 h. At the conclusion of the trial, 21-day post-challenge, diquat at 5.0, 10.0 and 15 mg L-1 significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the mortality of infected fish from 95% in the challenged non-treated fish to 68%, 59% and 49%, respectively. In vitro, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 23 isolates of F. columnare was assayed. The majority of the isolates had an MIC value of 5 kg mL-1 (15 of the 23 isolates). Infected fish exhibited acute clinical signs similar to a natural infection. The skin had severe ulcerative necrotizing dermatitis and the muscles had severe necrotizing myositis. The gills had severe multifocal necrotizing branchitis. The results demonstrate that diquat would reduce mortalities caused by an acute columnaris infection. JF - Journal of Fish Diseases AU - Darwish, A M AU - Mitchell, A J AD - Harry K. Dupree-Stuttgart National Aquaculture Research Center Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Stuttgart, AR, USA Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 401 EP - 408 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road VL - 32 IS - 5 SN - 0140-7775, 0140-7775 KW - Channel catfish KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - channel catfish KW - columnaris KW - diquat KW - efficacy KW - Flavobacterium columnare KW - Mortality KW - Experimental infection KW - Skin KW - Abrasion KW - Muscles KW - Disease control KW - Herbicides KW - Freshwater KW - Freshwater fish KW - Clinical trials KW - Minimum inhibitory concentration KW - Ictalurus punctatus KW - Environmental protection KW - Myositis KW - fish diseases KW - Fish diseases KW - Fish physiology KW - Mortality causes KW - Gills KW - Dermatitis KW - J 02410:Animal Diseases KW - Q1 08484:Species interactions: parasites and diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20542176?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Fish+Diseases&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+diquat+against+an+acute+experimental+infection+of+Flavobacterium+columnare+in+channel+catfish%2C+Ictalurus+punctatus+%28Rafinesque%29&rft.au=Darwish%2C+A+M%3BMitchell%2C+A+J&rft.aulast=Darwish&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=401&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Fish+Diseases&rft.issn=01407775&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2761.2009.01024.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fish diseases; Fish physiology; Disease control; Herbicides; Freshwater fish; Gills; Mortality causes; Mortality; Experimental infection; Skin; Abrasion; Muscles; Minimum inhibitory concentration; Clinical trials; Environmental protection; Myositis; fish diseases; Dermatitis; Flavobacterium columnare; Ictalurus punctatus; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.2009.01024.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characteristics of 11 polymorphic microsatellite markers in the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren AN - 20540732; 9252990 AB - AbstractWe have characterized 11 polymorphic microsatellite loci in the invasive ant Solenopsis invicta. Primer pairs were evaluated on fire ants collected from monogyne mounds in Lauderdale County, Mississippi. The observed and effective number of alleles ranged from two to six and from 1.31 to 2.64, respectively. The observed and expected heterozygosity values ranged from 0.1613 to 0.7826 and from 0.1491 to 0.6242, respectively. The polymorphism information content of the microsatellites ranged from 0.1482 to 0.6208. Probability tests indicated significant deviations from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium at three loci. Pairwise tests did not detect linkage disequilibrium between any pair of loci. JF - Molecular Ecology Resources AU - Garlapati, Rajesh B AU - Cross, David C AU - PERERA, OMATHTHAGE P AU - Caprio, Michael A AD - *Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi, MS 39762, USA,, op.operera@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 822 EP - 824 PB - Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd. VL - 9 IS - 3 SN - 1755-098X, 1755-098X KW - Entomology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - fire ant KW - genetic markers KW - microsatellite KW - Solenopsis invicta KW - SSR KW - Linkage disequilibrium KW - Genetic markers KW - Formicidae KW - Microsatellites KW - Primers KW - Mounds KW - Heterozygosity KW - Z 05340:Ecology and Behavior KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - G 07750:Ecological & Population Genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20540732?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Ecology+Resources&rft.atitle=Characteristics+of+11+polymorphic+microsatellite+markers+in+the+red+imported+fire+ant%2C+Solenopsis+invicta+Buren&rft.au=Garlapati%2C+Rajesh+B%3BCross%2C+David+C%3BPERERA%2C+OMATHTHAGE+P%3BCaprio%2C+Michael+A&rft.aulast=Garlapati&rft.aufirst=Rajesh&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=822&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+Ecology+Resources&rft.issn=1755098X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1755-0998.2008.02276.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Linkage disequilibrium; Genetic markers; Microsatellites; Primers; Mounds; Heterozygosity; Solenopsis invicta; Formicidae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-0998.2008.02276.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Software design for wireless sensor-based site-specific irrigation AN - 20479877; 9176626 AB - In-field sensor-based site-specific irrigation management is of benefit to producers for efficient water management. Integration of the decision making process with the controls is a viable option for determining when and where to irrigate, and how much water to apply. This research presents the design of decision support software and its integration with an in-field wireless sensor network (WSN) to implement site-specific sprinkler irrigation control via Bluetooth wireless communication. Wireless in-field sensing and control (WISC) software was designed by four major design factors that provide real-time monitoring and control of both inputs (field data) and outputs (sprinkler controls) by simple click-and-play menu using graphical user interface (GUI), and optimized to adapt changes of crop design, irrigation pattern, and field location. The WISC software provides remote access to in-field micrometeorological information from the distributed WSN and variable-rate irrigation control. An algorithm for nozzle sequencing was developed to stagger nozzle-on operations so as evenly distributed over the 60-s cycle. Sensor-based closed-loop irrigation was highly correlated to catch can water with r super(2)=0.98. JF - Computers and Electronics in Agriculture AU - Kim, Y AU - Evans, R G AD - Northern Plains Agricultural Research Laboratory, 1500 N. Central Ave., Sidney, MT 59270, USA, james.kim@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 159 EP - 165 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 66 IS - 2 SN - 0168-1699, 0168-1699 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water Management KW - Irrigation Design KW - Algorithms KW - Communication KW - Networks KW - Irrigation Water KW - Sprinkler Irrigation KW - Decision Making KW - Benefits KW - SW 1060:Conservation in agricultural use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20479877?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computers+and+Electronics+in+Agriculture&rft.atitle=Software+design+for+wireless+sensor-based+site-specific+irrigation&rft.au=Kim%2C+Y%3BEvans%2C+R+G&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=159&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computers+and+Electronics+in+Agriculture&rft.issn=01681699&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.compag.2009.01.007 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Water Management; Irrigation Design; Networks; Communication; Algorithms; Sprinkler Irrigation; Irrigation Water; Decision Making; Benefits DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2009.01.007 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relative effect of soil moisture on emissions and distribution of 1,3-dichloro-propene and chloropicrin in soil columns AN - 20475886; 9175238 AB - Emissions of soil fumigants are regulated to protect air quality in California. Irrigation prior to fumigation can reduce fumigant emissions at relatively low costs; however, the optimum range of soil water content that reduces emissions without reducing efficacy is not clearly defined. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of soil water content [at 30, 45, 60, 75, 90 and 100% field capacity (FC)] on the emission and distribution of fumigants 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D) and chloropicrin (CP) in columns packed with a sandy loam soil. After injecting equal amounts of cis-1,3-D, trans-1,3-D, and CP, fumigant emissions and distribution in soil were monitored for 14 days. Emissions of all three compounds showed similar response to soil water content except that CP emissions were lower than both isomers of 1,3-D. The emission peak flux was highest and occurred earliest in the driest soil while it was reduced and delayed as soil water content increased. After the peak, emission flux decreased rapidly in the driest soil but more slowly in higher water content treatments. Initially, higher soil water content resulted in substantially lower cumulative emissions among the treatments, but as time progressed, the differences in cumulative emissions decreased or even disappeared. These trends were likely due to the effect of the closed-bottom short soil columns which allowed fumigants to only move upward and contribute to emission. Higher fumigant concentrations in the soil-gas phase were observed in high soil water content treatments, due to less emission loss and more fumigant retained in the soil. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Qin, R AU - Gao, S AU - Wang, D AU - Hanson, B D AU - Trout, T J AU - Ajwa, H AD - University of California, Davis, 1636 East Alisal St. Salinas, CA 93905, USA, ruijun.qin@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 2449 EP - 2455 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 43 IS - 15 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Atmospheric pollution KW - Irrigation KW - Air quality KW - fumigants KW - Fumigation KW - Soil KW - sandy soils KW - Emissions KW - water content KW - USA, California KW - Soil moisture KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 556.14:Infiltration/Soil Moisture (556.14) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20475886?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Relative+effect+of+soil+moisture+on+emissions+and+distribution+of+1%2C3-dichloro-propene+and+chloropicrin+in+soil+columns&rft.au=Qin%2C+R%3BGao%2C+S%3BWang%2C+D%3BHanson%2C+B+D%3BTrout%2C+T+J%3BAjwa%2C+H&rft.aulast=Qin&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=15&rft.spage=2449&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.atmosenv.2009.01.039 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atmospheric pollution; Irrigation; Air quality; Soil moisture; Soil; sandy soils; Emissions; water content; fumigants; Fumigation; USA, California DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.01.039 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biology of the galling wasp Tetramesa romana, a biological control agent of giant reed AN - 20474145; 9133830 AB - The biology of the gall-forming wasp Tetramesa romana Walker (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae) from southern France and Spain was studied to determine its suitability as a biological control agent of giant reed (Arundo donax L.), an exotic and invasive riparian weed in the US and Mexico. Females produced eggs parthenogenetically and deposited them into shoot tips. Eggs were 1.26 mm long and hatched within 5 days of oviposition. The larvae completed three instars within 23-27 days, with the first and second instars lasting 5 days each at 27 °C and the third instar lasting 12 days. Larvae increased in length from 0.9 mm to 4.1 mm between the first and last instars. The total generation time averaged 33 days. Adults were 6.8 mm long with antennae and lived 3.7 days. Spanish wasps lived 1.3 days longer than French wasps. Most (80%) parthenogenetic reproduction involved wasps that were less than 5 days old. A total of 36% of French wasps tested and 65% of Spanish wasps produced offspring. Individual Spanish wasps produced an average of 26 (up to 66) progeny, displaying an intrinsic capacity for increase of 0.081 and a population doubling time of 9.2 days. Over 90% of exit holes made by emerging wasps were located within two nodes of the shoot tip. Reproductive wasps made 2.5-fold more probes than did wasps that failed to gall stems, and probing behavior was 13% more prevalent in the afternoon than in the morning. The Spanish genotypes of T. romana are particularly suitable for mass production to support field releases. JF - Biological Control AU - Moran, Patrick J AU - Goolsby, John A AD - United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beneficial Insects Research Unit, 2413 E Hwy 83, Weslaco, TX 78596, USA, Patrick.Moran@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 169 EP - 179 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 49 IS - 2 SN - 1049-9644, 1049-9644 KW - Entomology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Galling wasp KW - Eurytomidae KW - Development KW - Reproduction KW - Oviposition behavior KW - Exotic invasive grass KW - Canker KW - Biological control KW - Weeds KW - Tetramesa KW - Probes KW - Genotypes KW - Stems KW - Antennae KW - Eggs KW - Shoots KW - Arundo donax KW - Progeny KW - Hymenoptera KW - Nodes KW - Oviposition KW - Z 05360:Genetics and Evolution KW - A 01370:Biological Control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20474145?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biological+Control&rft.atitle=Biology+of+the+galling+wasp+Tetramesa+romana%2C+a+biological+control+agent+of+giant+reed&rft.au=Moran%2C+Patrick+J%3BGoolsby%2C+John+A&rft.aulast=Moran&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=169&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biological+Control&rft.issn=10499644&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biocontrol.2009.01.017 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological control; Canker; Weeds; Probes; Genotypes; Stems; Eggs; Antennae; Shoots; Progeny; Reproduction; Nodes; Oviposition; Tetramesa; Eurytomidae; Arundo donax; Hymenoptera DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2009.01.017 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Host range of Tetramesa romana Walker (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae), a potential biological control of giant reed, Arundo donax L. in North America AN - 20470984; 9133829 AB - The eurytomid wasp, Tetramesa romana Walker was evaluated as a potential biological control agent of the invasive reed grass, Arundo donax in North America. No-choice tests and timed behavioral studies were used to determine the fundamental host range of two genotypes of the wasp collected from Granada, Spain and Perpignan, France. Thirty-five species, including two genotypes of A. donax and seven ecotypes of Phragmites australis, along with closely related grasses, economic grasses and habitat associates were tested. Complete development of both T. romana genotypes was restricted to A. donax and Arundo formosana. The mean number of offspring produced from individual females was significantly greater on the A. donax genotype from Laredo, TX (12.8 ± 3.2) as compared to the genotype from San Juan, TX (3.9 ± 1.0) and A. formosana (0.8 ± 0.4). In behavioral studies, ovipositor probing was observed on 15 of the 35 species but development only occurred on A. donax and A. formosana. Based on our results, the wasp T. romana appears to be specific to the genus Arundo and is unlikely to harm native or cultivated plants in the Americas. JF - Biological Control AU - Goolsby, John A AU - Moran, Patrick AD - USDA-ARS, Kika de la Garza Subtropical Agricultural Research Center, Beneficial Insects Research Unit, 2413 E. Hwy. 83, Weslaco, TX 78596, USA, john.goolsby@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 160 EP - 168 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 49 IS - 2 SN - 1049-9644, 1049-9644 KW - Entomology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Biological control of weeds KW - Host range behavior KW - Invasive grasses KW - Rio Grande Basin KW - Biological control KW - Host range KW - Tetramesa KW - Grasses KW - Genotypes KW - Habitat KW - Ovipositor KW - Arundo KW - Eurytomidae KW - Ecotypes KW - Arundo donax KW - Economics KW - Phragmites australis KW - Progeny KW - Hymenoptera KW - Z 05360:Genetics and Evolution KW - A 01370:Biological Control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20470984?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biological+Control&rft.atitle=Host+range+of+Tetramesa+romana+Walker+%28Hymenoptera%3A+Eurytomidae%29%2C+a+potential+biological+control+of+giant+reed%2C+Arundo+donax+L.+in+North+America&rft.au=Goolsby%2C+John+A%3BMoran%2C+Patrick&rft.aulast=Goolsby&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=160&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biological+Control&rft.issn=10499644&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biocontrol.2009.01.019 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological control; Host range; Ecotypes; Grasses; Economics; Progeny; Genotypes; Habitat; Ovipositor; Arundo; Tetramesa; Eurytomidae; Arundo donax; Phragmites australis; Hymenoptera DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2009.01.019 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The ecological host range of an intentionally introduced herbivore: A comparison of predicted versus actual host use AN - 20470399; 9133827 AB - An underlying assumption of weed biological control asserts that laboratory-based host specificity testing accurately predicts the realized host range of herbivorous arthropods. We tested this assumption by comparing predicted host specificity with the realized host range of the introduced weevil Oxyops vitiosa (Pascoe). Laboratory host specificity tests showed that the weevil can complete its development on only a small group of species in the Melaleuca genus, including the target host Melaleuca quinquenervia (Cav.) Blake. Three years after its release, adult weevils readily emigrated from the surrounding M. quinquenervia trees into replicated common gardens but only a small proportion occurred within the canopies of non-Melaleuca species. Adults remained within the canopies of Melaleuca congeners longer than non-Melaleuca and the former recruited 98% of all individuals dispersing from neighboring test plant species. Oviposition was predicted to occur on seven of the 19 species planted in the common gardens but was realized on only four exotic species. Consistent with the prerelease assessments, larvae were observed on four plant species but larval development was limited to Melaleuca congeners. These results lend support to the premise that risk assessments based on physiological host ranges, as characterized by laboratory testing, are conservative when compared to the realized ecological host ranges that occur under field conditions. We conclude that the ecological host range of O. vitiosa is highly restricted and there will be no colonization of species other than the target weed in the adventive range. JF - Biological Control AU - Pratt, P D AU - Rayamajhi, M B AU - Center, T D AU - Tipping, P W AU - Wheeler, G S AD - USDA/ARS, Invasive Plant Research Laboratory, 3225 College Ave., Fort Lauderdale, FL 33314, USA, Paul.Pratt@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 146 EP - 153 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 49 IS - 2 SN - 1049-9644, 1049-9644 KW - Entomology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Oxyops vitiosa KW - Melaleuca quinquenervia KW - Weed biological control KW - Non-target effects KW - Specialist herbivore KW - Invasive species KW - Risk assessment KW - Biological control KW - Melaleuca KW - Weeds KW - Host specificity KW - Host range KW - Trees KW - Development KW - Colonization KW - Arthropoda KW - Herbivores KW - Congeners KW - Canopies KW - Introduced species KW - Oviposition KW - A 01370:Biological Control KW - Z 05330:Reproduction and Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20470399?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biological+Control&rft.atitle=The+ecological+host+range+of+an+intentionally+introduced+herbivore%3A+A+comparison+of+predicted+versus+actual+host+use&rft.au=Pratt%2C+P+D%3BRayamajhi%2C+M+B%3BCenter%2C+T+D%3BTipping%2C+P+W%3BWheeler%2C+G+S&rft.aulast=Pratt&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=146&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biological+Control&rft.issn=10499644&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biocontrol.2009.01.014 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological control; Risk assessment; Host specificity; Weeds; Host range; Trees; Development; Colonization; Herbivores; Congeners; Canopies; Introduced species; Oviposition; Oxyops vitiosa; Melaleuca; Arthropoda; Melaleuca quinquenervia DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2009.01.014 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Concordance between life history traits, invasion history, and allozyme diversity of the Everglades invader Melaleuca quinquenervia AN - 20418829; 9096794 AB - During the century following its initial introduction in 1886, the Australian tree Melaleuca quinquenervia (Myrtaceae) dispersed from a few introduction points to occupy over 200,000ha, primarily in historic Everglades wetlands of southern Florida. Cellulose acetate gel electrophoresis (CAGE) was used to investigate the allozyme diversity and population genetic structure of 208 individuals in a dozen populations resulting from this invasion. The analyses showed that these populations have a high (82%) rate of polymorphic loci and an average of 2 alleles/locus. There was substantial heterozygosity (mean H sub(e)=0.356), which concords well with recent studies reporting a greater number of introduction events and sources than generally recognized. The introduction history and distributional patterns within Florida have led to geographic structuring (G sub(S) sub(T)=0.419) in which the Gulf Coast metapopulation has a greater effective number of alleles and greater heterozygosity than the Atlantic Coast metapopulation. The gene diversity in M. quinquenervia was comparable to other tropical woody species. Its strong population divergence was reminiscent of pioneer species and consistent with its status as a plant invader in Florida. JF - Aquatic Botany AU - Dray, F A AU - Hale, R E AU - Madeira, P T AU - Bennett, B C AU - Center, T D AD - Agricultural Research Service, Invasive Plant Research Lab, 3225 College Avenue, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33314, USA, allen.dray@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 296 EP - 302 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl] VL - 90 IS - 4 SN - 0304-3770, 0304-3770 KW - ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Trees KW - Allelles KW - Genetic diversity KW - Gulfs KW - Population genetics KW - Myrtaceae KW - cellulose acetate KW - ASW, USA, Florida, Everglades KW - History KW - Isoenzymes KW - Australia KW - Wetlands KW - USA, Massachusetts, Concord KW - Coasts KW - Metapopulations KW - Electrophoresis KW - ASW, USA, Gulf Coast KW - Allozymes KW - Biopolymorphism KW - Heterozygosity KW - Cages KW - Life history KW - Cellulose Acetate KW - Melaleuca quinquenervia KW - Structure KW - Introduced species KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - Q3 08581:Aquaculture: General KW - SW 0810:General KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q1 08581:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20418829?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+Botany&rft.atitle=Concordance+between+life+history+traits%2C+invasion+history%2C+and+allozyme+diversity+of+the+Everglades+invader+Melaleuca+quinquenervia&rft.au=Dray%2C+F+A%3BHale%2C+R+E%3BMadeira%2C+P+T%3BBennett%2C+B+C%3BCenter%2C+T+D&rft.aulast=Dray&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=90&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=296&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+Botany&rft.issn=03043770&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.aquabot.2008.11.006 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Population genetics; Life history; Allelles; Genetic diversity; Wetlands; Allozymes; Biopolymorphism; Introduced species; Cages; cellulose acetate; Isoenzymes; Heterozygosity; Metapopulations; Coasts; Electrophoresis; Cellulose Acetate; Trees; History; Structure; Gulfs; Myrtaceae; Melaleuca quinquenervia; ASW, USA, Florida, Everglades; Australia; ASW, USA, Gulf Coast; USA, Massachusetts, Concord DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquabot.2008.11.006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Corn yield responses under crop evapotranspiration-based irrigation management AN - 20413141; 9090988 AB - Improving irrigation water management is becoming important to produce a profitable crop in South Texas as the water supplies shrink. This study was conducted to investigate grain yield responses of corn (Zea mays) under irrigation management based on crop evapotranspiration (ET sub(C)) as well as a possibility to monitor plant water deficiencies using some of physiological and environmental factors. Three commercial corn cultivars were grown in a center-pivot-irrigated field with low energy precision application (LEPA) at Texas AgriLife Research Center in Uvalde, TX from 2002 to 2004. The field was treated with conventional and reduced tillage practices and irrigation regimes of 100%, 75%, and 50% ET sub(C). Grain yield was increased as irrigation increased. There were significant differences between 100% and 50% ET sub(C) in volumetric water content (q), leaf relative water content (RWC), and canopy temperature (T sub(C)). It is considered that irrigation management of corn at 75% ET sub(C) is feasible with 10% reduction of grain yield and with increased water use efficiency (WUE). The greatest WUE (1.6gm super(-) super(2)mm super(-) super(1)) achieved at 456mm of water input while grain yield plateaued at less than 600mm. The result demonstrates that ET sub(C)-based irrigation can be one of the efficient water delivery schemes. The results also demonstrate that grain yield reduction of corn is qualitatively describable using the variables of RWC and T sub(C). Therefore, it appears that water status can be monitored with measurement of the variables, promising future development of real-time irrigation scheduling. JF - Agricultural Water Management AU - Ko, J AU - Piccinni, G AD - Agricultural Systems Research Unit, 2150 Centre Ave., Bldg. D, Suite 200, Fort Collins, CO80526, United States, Jonghan.Ko@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 799 EP - 808 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 96 IS - 5 SN - 0378-3774, 0378-3774 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water Management KW - Physiology KW - crop yield KW - Water supplies KW - Crops KW - corn KW - Crop Yield KW - Zea mays KW - Corn KW - water content KW - water use KW - environmental factors KW - Irrigation KW - Temperature KW - Irrigation Efficiency KW - Evapotranspiration KW - irrigation water KW - Water management KW - Tillage KW - cultivars KW - Water wells KW - Lepas KW - Irrigation Water KW - USA, Texas KW - tillage KW - canopies KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 1060:Conservation in agricultural use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20413141?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agricultural+Water+Management&rft.atitle=Corn+yield+responses+under+crop+evapotranspiration-based+irrigation+management&rft.au=Ko%2C+J%3BPiccinni%2C+G&rft.aulast=Ko&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=96&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=799&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agricultural+Water+Management&rft.issn=03783774&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.agwat.2008.10.010 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water use; environmental factors; Physiology; Irrigation; Temperature; crop yield; Evapotranspiration; Water supplies; corn; Crops; irrigation water; Water management; Water wells; cultivars; water content; tillage; canopies; Water Management; Tillage; Corn; Irrigation Efficiency; Irrigation Water; Crop Yield; Zea mays; Lepas; USA, Texas DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2008.10.010 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Association of root, specific leaf area and SPAD chlorophyll meter reading to water use efficiency of peanut under different available soil water AN - 20410894; 9090986 AB - Drought is the major abiotic constraint affecting peanut productivity and quality worldwide. There is a pressing need to improve the water use efficiency (WUE) of rain-fed peanut production. Breeding varieties with higher water use efficiency is seen as providing part of the solution. The objectives of this work were to (i) evaluate genetic variation in WUE, harvest index, root dry weight, specific leaf area (SLA) and SPAD chlorophyll meter reading (SCMR) among peanut genotypes in response to different available soil water levels and (ii) assess the relevance of root dry weight, SLA and SCMR to WUE in peanut under receding soil moisture levels. Two greenhouse experiments were conducted in the dry and rainy seasons in 2002/2003. The 11 peanut genotypes (ICGV 98300, ICGV 98303, ICGV 98305, ICGV 98308, ICGV 98324, ICGV 98330, ICGV 98348, ICGV 98353, Tainan 9, KK 60-3 and Tifton-8) and three soil moisture levels [field capacity (FC), 2/3 available soil water (AW) and 1/3 AW] were laid out in a factorial randomized complete block design (RCBD) with six replications. At 37, 67, and 97 day after sowing (DAS), data were recorded for SLA and SCMR. Root dry weight, harvest index (HI) and WUE were recorded at harvest. Drought reduced WUE, root dry weight and HI. Across both seasons, Tifton-8 and ICGV 98300 had high WUE and also had large root systems under drought conditions. ICGV 98324 and Tifton-8 had low SLA and high SCMR under stressed and non-stressed condition. Under drought conditions, ICGV 98324 had high HI and Tifton-8 had low HI. Root dry weight had a greater contribution to WUE under well-watered and mild drought (2/3 AW). Under severe drought (1/3 AW), SLA showed a more important contribution to WUE than the other traits. Traits that were associated to high WUE under drought conditions were different among different peanut genotypes. ICGV 98300 maintained high root dry weight under 2/3 AW and ICGV 98324 maintained low SLA and high SCMR under 1/3 AW. Tifton-8 had both large root systems and low SLA associated with high WUE. JF - Agricultural Water Management AU - Songsri, P AU - Jogloy, S AU - Holbrook, C C AU - Kesmala, T AU - Vorasoot, N AU - Akkasaeng, C AU - Patanothai, A AD - Coastal Plain Experiment Station, P.O. Box 748, Tifton, GA 31793, USA, Corley.Holbrook@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 790 EP - 798 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 96 IS - 5 SN - 0378-3774, 0378-3774 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - water use KW - Arachis hypogaea KW - Chlorophyll KW - rainy season KW - Water Use Efficiency KW - Roots KW - genetic diversity KW - Drought KW - Soil Water KW - Genotypes KW - Greenhouses KW - Soil KW - Peanuts KW - water levels KW - Weight KW - breeding KW - Water management KW - greenhouses KW - Moisture Content KW - Soil moisture KW - Droughts KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - SW 4020:Evaluation process UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20410894?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agricultural+Water+Management&rft.atitle=Association+of+root%2C+specific+leaf+area+and+SPAD+chlorophyll+meter+reading+to+water+use+efficiency+of+peanut+under+different+available+soil+water&rft.au=Songsri%2C+P%3BJogloy%2C+S%3BHolbrook%2C+C+C%3BKesmala%2C+T%3BVorasoot%2C+N%3BAkkasaeng%2C+C%3BPatanothai%2C+A&rft.aulast=Songsri&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=96&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=790&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agricultural+Water+Management&rft.issn=03783774&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.agwat.2008.10.009 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water use; Soil; Chlorophyll; rainy season; water levels; breeding; Water management; greenhouses; genetic diversity; Genotypes; Soil moisture; Droughts; Peanuts; Weight; Water Use Efficiency; Roots; Moisture Content; Soil Water; Drought; Greenhouses; Arachis hypogaea DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2008.10.009 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ecophysiology of two Sonoran Desert evergreen shrubs during extreme drought AN - 20404285; 9082121 AB - Recent drought across the desert Southwest US may strongly affect the physiological functioning of evergreen desert species that maintain leaves through these dry periods. In July 2002 we compared the ecophysiological performance of the open-canopied, small-leaved creosotebush (Larrea tridentata) to the dense-canopied, more broad-leaved jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis) growing on a ridge-top, east- and west-facing slopes to assess how differences in leaf habit and exposure affect these species' ability to withstand severe drought. Standardized precipitation index (SPI) from 100 years precipitation data showed July 2002 rainfall was normal, but the 12-month period ending July 2002 was of extreme aridity (SPI=-2.71). Predawn water potentials were extremely low, and lower in jojoba (-8.1 to -9.5MPa) than in Larrea (-6.6 to -9.4MPa). Chlorophyll fluorescence showed jojoba had more consistent photochemical performance than Larrea across three exposures, having higher optimal photosystem II (PSII) efficiency (F sub(v)/F sub(m)), lower light-adapted PSII yield, and better ability to thermally dissipate light energy (i.e. higher NPQ), especially in inner-canopy jojoba leaves. These findings suggest jojoba may better cope with high light under drought conditions, and that canopy shading in jojoba may reduce high-light stress. Moreover, lower F sub(v)/F sub(m), NPQ and high PSII yields in Larrea was similar between east-facing and ridge-top locations, but achieved levels similar to jojoba on west-facing exposures. These findings suggest these drought-tolerant evergreens rely on different physiological mechanisms to cope with high light under extreme drought conditions. JF - Journal of Arid Environments AU - Hamerlynck, E P AU - Huxman, TE AD - Southwest Watershed Research Center, 2000 E. Allen Rd, Tucson, AZ 85719, United States, erik.hamerlynck@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 582 EP - 585 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 73 IS - 4-5 SN - 0140-1963, 0140-1963 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Chlorophyll KW - Simmondsia chinensis KW - Rainfall KW - Arid environments KW - Physiology KW - Drought KW - water potential KW - shrubs KW - Yield KW - ecophysiology KW - Larrea tridentata KW - Exposure KW - Droughts KW - Larrea KW - Shrubs KW - Energy efficiency KW - Fluorescence KW - Leaves KW - Stress KW - USA, Arizona, Sonoran Desert KW - shading KW - Precipitation KW - Light effects KW - Performance Evaluation KW - Photochemicals KW - Deserts KW - Standards KW - Photosystem II KW - canopies KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20404285?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Arid+Environments&rft.atitle=Ecophysiology+of+two+Sonoran+Desert+evergreen+shrubs+during+extreme+drought&rft.au=Hamerlynck%2C+E+P%3BHuxman%2C+TE&rft.aulast=Hamerlynck&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=4-5&rft.spage=582&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Arid+Environments&rft.issn=01401963&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jaridenv.2008.11.012 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Deserts; Rainfall; Leaves; Stress; Precipitation; Photosystem II; Droughts; Light effects; Energy efficiency; Chlorophyll; Fluorescence; Physiology; Arid environments; shading; water potential; shrubs; Photochemicals; ecophysiology; Standards; canopies; Shrubs; Yield; Performance Evaluation; Exposure; Drought; Simmondsia chinensis; Larrea tridentata; Larrea; USA, Arizona, Sonoran Desert DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2008.11.012 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling bacterial contamination of fuel ethanol fermentation AN - 20085556; 10248212 AB - The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria may limit the effectiveness of antibiotics to treat bacterial contamination in fuel ethanol plants, and therefore, new antibacterial intervention methods and tools to test their application are needed. Using shake-flask cultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae grown on saccharified corn mash and strains of lactic acid bacteria isolated from a dry-grind ethanol facility, a simple model to simulate bacterial contamination and infection was developed. Challenging the model with 108 CFU/mL Lactobacillus fermentum decreased ethanol yield by 27% and increased residual glucose from 6.2 to 45.5 g/L. The magnitude of the effect was proportional to the initial bacterial load, with 105 CFU/mL L. fermentum still producing an 8% decrease in ethanol and a 3.2-fold increase in residual glucose. Infection was also dependent on the bacterial species used to challenge the fermentation, as neither L. delbrueckii ATCC 4797 nor L. amylovorus 0315-7B produced a significant decrease in ethanol when inoculated at a density of 108 CFU/mL. In the shake-flask model, treatment with 2 µg/mL virginiamycin mitigated the infection when challenged with a susceptible strain of L. fermentum (MIC for virginiamycin 2 ppm), but treatment was ineffective at treating infection by a resistant strain of L. fermentum (MIC = 16 ppm). The model may find application in developing new antibacterial agents and management practices for use in controlling contamination in the fuel ethanol industry. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2009; 103: 117-122. Published 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. JF - Biotechnology and Bioengineering AU - Bischoff, Kenneth M AU - Liu, Siqing AU - Leathers, Timothy D AU - Worthington, Ronald E AU - Rich, Joseph O AD - National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, 1815 N. University St., Peoria, Illinois 61604; , kenneth.bischoff@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 117 EP - 122 PB - John Wiley & Sons, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 103 IS - 1 SN - 0006-3592, 0006-3592 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Bacteria KW - Contamination KW - Fermentation KW - Fuels KW - Glucose KW - Virginiamycin KW - Antibiotics KW - Lactic acid bacteria KW - Infection KW - Minimum inhibitory concentration KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae KW - Models KW - Lactobacillus fermentum KW - Colony-forming cells KW - Antibacterial agents KW - Ethanol KW - A 01310:Products of Microorganisms KW - W 30915:Pharmaceuticals & Vaccines KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases KW - J 02340:Antibiotics & Antimicrobials UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20085556?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+and+Bioengineering&rft.atitle=Modeling+bacterial+contamination+of+fuel+ethanol+fermentation&rft.au=Bischoff%2C+Kenneth+M%3BLiu%2C+Siqing%3BLeathers%2C+Timothy+D%3BWorthington%2C+Ronald+E%3BRich%2C+Joseph+O&rft.aulast=Bischoff&rft.aufirst=Kenneth&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=117&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+and+Bioengineering&rft.issn=00063592&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fbit.22244 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-11-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Contamination; Fermentation; Fuels; Glucose; Virginiamycin; Antibiotics; Lactic acid bacteria; Infection; Minimum inhibitory concentration; Models; Colony-forming cells; Antibacterial agents; Ethanol; Bacteria; Lactobacillus fermentum; Saccharomyces cerevisiae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.22244 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Flocculation of kaolin by waxy maize starch phosphates AN - 20076072; 10138300 AB - Waxy maize starch phosphates were tested as flocculants in order to determine if they have the potential to replace petroleum-based polymer flocculants currently used commercially. Phosphorylation was carried out by dry heating of starches and sodium orthophosphates at 140 degree C for 4 h. Native and phosphorylated waxy maize starches were ineffective as flocculants for kaolin in deionized water. However, in the presence of small amounts of Ca super(2+) (1-4 mM), starch phosphates were effective flocculants of kaolin at concentrations as low at 3-4 ppm. The optimal degree of substitution (DS) for flocculation was 0.024 but the effect of DS was rather small over the range DS 0.007-0.08. Although a common synthetic polymer flocculant (polyacrylamide-co-acrylic acid) was effective at 1 ppm, the lower cost of starches should make them economically competitive. JF - Carbohydrate Polymers AU - Shogren, Randal L AD - Plant Polymer Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, USDA/ARS/NCAUR, 1815 N. University St., Peoria, IL 61604, USA, Randy.Shogren@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 639 EP - 644 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 76 IS - 4 SN - 0144-8617, 0144-8617 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Starch KW - Phosphorylation KW - Flocculation KW - Sodium KW - Calcium KW - Phosphate KW - Zea mays KW - Kaolin KW - Carbohydrates KW - orthophosphate KW - Flocculants KW - W 30935:Food Biotechnology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20076072?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carbohydrate+Polymers&rft.atitle=Flocculation+of+kaolin+by+waxy+maize+starch+phosphates&rft.au=Shogren%2C+Randal+L&rft.aulast=Shogren&rft.aufirst=Randal&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=639&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carbohydrate+Polymers&rft.issn=01448617&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.carbpol.2008.11.027 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sodium; Calcium; Phosphorylation; Phosphate; Carbohydrates; Flocculation; Kaolin; orthophosphate; Starch; Flocculants; Zea mays DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2008.11.027 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative proteomic and regulatory network analyses of the elongating pig conceptus AN - 20066117; 10061886 AB - Embryo loss during peri-implantation can approach 20% in swine following artificial insemination or natural mating and coincides with rapid conceptus elongation. The objective of the present study was to establish a comprehensive profile of the abundant proteins of the pig conceptus at the time prior to implantation and identify stage-specific changes during elongation. The abundant proteins of a homogenous population of gestational day-11 ovoid (0.7-1 cm) and gestational day-12 filamentous (15-20 cm) porcine concepti were compared by extracting proteins from three independent conceptus pools and separating the proteins by 2-DE. Proteins in 305 spots were analyzed by MALDI-TOF or additionally by LC-MS/MS and 275 were positively identified representing 174 distinct proteins. The proteins could be classified into the following functional categories: cell proliferation/differentiation, cytoskeleton, metabolism, and stress response. Based on spot density, 35 proteins associated with cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and embryo/maternal signaling, were found to be differentially expressed between ovoid and filamentous concepti. A comparison of the protein expression profile with transcriptomic data from pig concepti of the same developmental stages identified similarities and dissimilarities between protein and mRNA expression profiles. This proteomic study helps to elucidate the biological mechanisms underlying the early embryonic development of the pig. JF - Proteomics AU - Degrelle, Severine A AU - Blomberg, Le Ann AU - Garrett, Wesley M AU - Li, Robert W AU - Talbot, Neil C AD - USDA Agricultural Research Service, Animal and Natural Resources Institute, Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville, MD, USA, leann.blomberg@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/05// PY - 2009 DA - May 2009 SP - 2678 EP - 2694 PB - Wiley-VCH, Postfach 101161 Weinheim 69451 Germany, [mailto:info@wiley-vch.de], [URL:http://www.wiley-vch.de/publish/en/] VL - 9 IS - 10 SN - 1615-9853, 1615-9853 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Data processing KW - Apoptosis KW - Artificial insemination KW - Stress KW - Developmental stages KW - Gene expression KW - Cytoskeleton KW - Mating KW - Differentiation KW - Elongation KW - Embryogenesis KW - Embryos KW - proteomics KW - Cell proliferation KW - Metabolism KW - Signal transduction KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20066117?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proteomics&rft.atitle=Comparative+proteomic+and+regulatory+network+analyses+of+the+elongating+pig+conceptus&rft.au=Degrelle%2C+Severine+A%3BBlomberg%2C+Le+Ann%3BGarrett%2C+Wesley+M%3BLi%2C+Robert+W%3BTalbot%2C+Neil+C&rft.aulast=Degrelle&rft.aufirst=Severine&rft.date=2009-05-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2678&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proteomics&rft.issn=16159853&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fpmic.200800776 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Apoptosis; Data processing; Artificial insemination; Developmental stages; Stress; Cytoskeleton; Gene expression; Elongation; Differentiation; Mating; Embryogenesis; Embryos; proteomics; Cell proliferation; Metabolism; Signal transduction DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pmic.200800776 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Life-Cycle Assessment of Reused Building Materials: A Proposed Model for Building Professionals T2 - 2009 International Conference on Deconstruction, Building Materials Reuse, and Construction and Demolition Materials Recycling (Decon 09) AN - 41800897; 5057122 JF - 2009 International Conference on Deconstruction, Building Materials Reuse, and Construction and Demolition Materials Recycling (Decon 09) AU - Bergman, Richard Y1 - 2009/04/28/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Apr 28 KW - Life cycle KW - Construction materials KW - Models KW - Experts KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41800897?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2009+International+Conference+on+Deconstruction%2C+Building+Materials+Reuse%2C+and+Construction+and+Demolition+Materials+Recycling+%28Decon+09%29&rft.atitle=Life-Cycle+Assessment+of+Reused+Building+Materials%3A+A+Proposed+Model+for+Building+Professionals&rft.au=Bergman%2C+Richard&rft.aulast=Bergman&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2009-04-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2009+International+Conference+on+Deconstruction%2C+Building+Materials+Reuse%2C+and+Construction+and+Demolition+Materials+Recycling+%28Decon+09%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.bmra.org/DECON09%20Agenda%20040209.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Piperideine alkaloids from the poison gland of the red imported fire ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). AN - 67123092; 19326861 AB - The major chemical components in the venom of red imported fire ants, Solenopsis invicta Buren, are 2-methyl-6-alkyl or alkenyl piperidines. After isolating the extracts of poison glands and whole worker bodies with column chromatography, we obtained fractions containing a mixture of six piperideine alkaloids. Reduction of those samples using NaBH(4) in ethanol generated piperidine alkaloids found in the fire ant poison gland, resulting in both the cis- and the trans-piperidine alkaloids. The mass spectra and gas chromatographic behavior of most piperidine alkaloids from fire ant venom have been well-characterized, which significantly facilitated the identification of these piperdeine compounds. On the basis of the mass spectra and profiles of NaBH(4) reduction products, we identified these alkaloids as 2-methyl-6-tridecenyl-6-piperideine, 2-methyl-6-tridecyl-6-piperideine, 2-methyl-6-pentadecenyl-6-piperideine, 2-methyl-6-pentadecyl-6-piperideine, 2-methyl-6-heptadecenyl-6-piperideine, and 2-methyl-6-heptadecyl-6-piperideine. To our knowledge, this is the first time that these piperideine alkaloids have been reported in red imported fire ant poison glands. JF - Journal of agricultural and food chemistry AU - Chen, Jian AU - Cantrell, Charles L AU - Shang, Han-wu AU - Rojas, Maria G AD - Biological Control of Pests Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Stoneville, Mississippi 38776, USA. jian.chen@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04/22/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Apr 22 SP - 3128 EP - 3133 VL - 57 IS - 8 KW - Alkaloids KW - 0 KW - Ant Venoms KW - Piperidines KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry KW - Exocrine Glands -- chemistry KW - Alkaloids -- chemistry KW - Piperidines -- chemistry KW - Ant Venoms -- chemistry KW - Ants -- chemistry KW - Alkaloids -- isolation & purification KW - Piperidines -- isolation & purification UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67123092?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+agricultural+and+food+chemistry&rft.atitle=Piperideine+alkaloids+from+the+poison+gland+of+the+red+imported+fire+ant+%28Hymenoptera%3A+Formicidae%29.&rft.au=Chen%2C+Jian%3BCantrell%2C+Charles+L%3BShang%2C+Han-wu%3BRojas%2C+Maria+G&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Jian&rft.date=2009-04-22&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=3128&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+agricultural+and+food+chemistry&rft.issn=1520-5118&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fjf803561y LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-07-16 N1 - Date created - 2009-04-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf803561y ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Enantioselective Odorant Receptor in the Yellow Fever Mosquito, Aedes aegypti T2 - 31st Annual Meeting of the Association for Chemoreception Sciences (AChemS 2009) AN - 41811563; 5048716 JF - 31st Annual Meeting of the Association for Chemoreception Sciences (AChemS 2009) AU - Bohbot, Jonathan AU - Dickens, Joseph Y1 - 2009/04/22/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Apr 22 KW - Yellow fever KW - Odors KW - Enantiomers KW - Odorant receptors KW - Aquatic insects KW - Aedes aegypti KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41811563?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=31st+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Association+for+Chemoreception+Sciences+%28AChemS+2009%29&rft.atitle=Enantioselective+Odorant+Receptor+in+the+Yellow+Fever+Mosquito%2C+Aedes+aegypti&rft.au=Bohbot%2C+Jonathan%3BDickens%2C+Joseph&rft.aulast=Bohbot&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=2009-04-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=31st+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Association+for+Chemoreception+Sciences+%28AChemS+2009%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.achems.org/files/public/PROGRAMFINAL.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Protein and carbohydrate based reinforcement in polymer composites by agri-bio nanofibers T2 - 2009 SAE World Congress AN - 42146656; 5160001 JF - 2009 SAE World Congress AU - Liu, Sean Y1 - 2009/04/20/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Apr 20 KW - Carbohydrates KW - Composite materials KW - Polymers KW - Reinforcement KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42146656?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2009+SAE+World+Congress&rft.atitle=Protein+and+carbohydrate+based+reinforcement+in+polymer+composites+by+agri-bio+nanofibers&rft.au=Liu%2C+Sean&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Sean&rft.date=2009-04-20&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2009+SAE+World+Congress&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sae.org/servlets/techSession?EVT_NAME=ANNUAL&REQUEST_TYPE=S ESSION_LIST&GROUP_CD=INTL&SCHED_NUM=164761&COMMON_SUCCESS=TRUE LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Distance Learning and Telemedicine (DLT) Loan and Grant Programs T2 - 23rd Annual Education Technology Conference on Together in Excellence AN - 41799404; 5048272 JF - 23rd Annual Education Technology Conference on Together in Excellence AU - Anderson, Kim AU - Ahlgren, Wayne Y1 - 2009/04/19/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Apr 19 KW - Grants KW - Loans KW - Learning KW - Telemedicine KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41799404?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=23rd+Annual+Education+Technology+Conference+on+Together+in+Excellence&rft.atitle=Distance+Learning+and+Telemedicine+%28DLT%29+Loan+and+Grant+Programs&rft.au=Anderson%2C+Kim%3BAhlgren%2C+Wayne&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=Kim&rft.date=2009-04-19&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=23rd+Annual+Education+Technology+Conference+on+Together+in+Excellence&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://conference.tie.net/content/docs/TIE2009ConferenceBooklet.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Water intake, nutrient intake, and body mass index among U.S. adults: results from What We Eat in America/ NHANES 2005-2006 T2 - 2009 Conference on Experimental Biology AN - 40406570; 5288229 JF - 2009 Conference on Experimental Biology AU - Sebastian, R AU - Enns, C AU - Goldman, J Y1 - 2009/04/18/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Apr 18 KW - USA KW - Body mass KW - Nutrients KW - Water intake KW - Body mass index KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40406570?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2009+Conference+on+Experimental+Biology&rft.atitle=Water+intake%2C+nutrient+intake%2C+and+body+mass+index+among+U.S.+adults%3A+results+from+What+We+Eat+in+America%2F+NHANES+2005-2006&rft.au=Sebastian%2C+R%3BEnns%2C+C%3BGoldman%2C+J&rft.aulast=Sebastian&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2009-04-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2009+Conference+on+Experimental+Biology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://submissions.miracd.com/eb2009/Itinerary/SearchHome.asp LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Effect of protein sources on glucose and insulin response in overweight and obese men T2 - 2009 Conference on Experimental Biology AN - 40404886; 5291506 JF - 2009 Conference on Experimental Biology AU - Courville, A AU - Stote, K AU - Rumpler, W AU - Paul, D AU - Leger, J AU - Novotny, J AU - Baer, D Y1 - 2009/04/18/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Apr 18 KW - Obesity KW - Insulin KW - Glucose KW - Body weight KW - Protein sources KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40404886?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2009+Conference+on+Experimental+Biology&rft.atitle=Effect+of+protein+sources+on+glucose+and+insulin+response+in+overweight+and+obese+men&rft.au=Courville%2C+A%3BStote%2C+K%3BRumpler%2C+W%3BPaul%2C+D%3BLeger%2C+J%3BNovotny%2C+J%3BBaer%2C+D&rft.aulast=Courville&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2009-04-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2009+Conference+on+Experimental+Biology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://submissions.miracd.com/eb2009/Itinerary/SearchHome.asp LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Low energy reporting by adults in what we eat in America, NHANES 2003-2006. T2 - 2009 Conference on Experimental Biology AN - 40398148; 5288251 JF - 2009 Conference on Experimental Biology AU - Rhodes, D AU - Nowverl, A AU - Murayi, T AU - Moshfegh, A Y1 - 2009/04/18/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Apr 18 KW - Energy KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40398148?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2009+Conference+on+Experimental+Biology&rft.atitle=Low+energy+reporting+by+adults+in+what+we+eat+in+America%2C+NHANES+2003-2006.&rft.au=Rhodes%2C+D%3BNowverl%2C+A%3BMurayi%2C+T%3BMoshfegh%2C+A&rft.aulast=Rhodes&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2009-04-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2009+Conference+on+Experimental+Biology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://submissions.miracd.com/eb2009/Itinerary/SearchHome.asp LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Cinnamon extract exhibits insulin-like and independent effects on gene expression in adipocytes T2 - 2009 Conference on Experimental Biology AN - 40391700; 5287390 JF - 2009 Conference on Experimental Biology AU - Cao, H AU - Anderson, R Y1 - 2009/04/18/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Apr 18 KW - Gene expression KW - Adipocytes KW - Cinnamon KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40391700?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2009+Conference+on+Experimental+Biology&rft.atitle=Cinnamon+extract+exhibits+insulin-like+and+independent+effects+on+gene+expression+in+adipocytes&rft.au=Cao%2C+H%3BAnderson%2C+R&rft.aulast=Cao&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2009-04-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2009+Conference+on+Experimental+Biology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://submissions.miracd.com/eb2009/Itinerary/SearchHome.asp LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Demonstration of a highly efficient fungal transformation method used to target four genes involved in conidial pigment biosynthesis T2 - 2009 Conference on Experimental Biology AN - 40388701; 5289854 JF - 2009 Conference on Experimental Biology AU - Chang, P AU - Scharfenstein, L Y1 - 2009/04/18/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Apr 18 KW - Biosynthesis KW - Pigments KW - Transformation KW - Methodology KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40388701?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2009+Conference+on+Experimental+Biology&rft.atitle=Demonstration+of+a+highly+efficient+fungal+transformation+method+used+to+target+four+genes+involved+in+conidial+pigment+biosynthesis&rft.au=Chang%2C+P%3BScharfenstein%2C+L&rft.aulast=Chang&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2009-04-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2009+Conference+on+Experimental+Biology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://submissions.miracd.com/eb2009/Itinerary/SearchHome.asp LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Modulation of gene expression by alpha-tocopherol and alpha-tocopheryl phosphate T2 - 2009 Conference on Experimental Biology AN - 40388227; 5288317 JF - 2009 Conference on Experimental Biology AU - Zingg, J AU - Meydani, M AU - Azzi, A Y1 - 2009/04/18/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Apr 18 KW - Phosphate KW - Gene expression KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40388227?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2009+Conference+on+Experimental+Biology&rft.atitle=Modulation+of+gene+expression+by+alpha-tocopherol+and+alpha-tocopheryl+phosphate&rft.au=Zingg%2C+J%3BMeydani%2C+M%3BAzzi%2C+A&rft.aulast=Zingg&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-04-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2009+Conference+on+Experimental+Biology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://submissions.miracd.com/eb2009/Itinerary/SearchHome.asp LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Nature's packaging and organization of carotenoids in watermelon and cantaloupe chromoplasts T2 - 2009 Conference on Experimental Biology AN - 40388126; 5290339 JF - 2009 Conference on Experimental Biology AU - Fish, W Y1 - 2009/04/18/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Apr 18 KW - Packaging KW - Chromatophores KW - Carotenoids KW - Citrullus lanatus KW - Cucumis melo KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40388126?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2009+Conference+on+Experimental+Biology&rft.atitle=Nature%27s+packaging+and+organization+of+carotenoids+in+watermelon+and+cantaloupe+chromoplasts&rft.au=Fish%2C+W&rft.aulast=Fish&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2009-04-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2009+Conference+on+Experimental+Biology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://submissions.miracd.com/eb2009/Itinerary/SearchHome.asp LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Chemical variance of dry beans determined from UV spectral fingerprints T2 - 2009 Conference on Experimental Biology AN - 40387643; 5292521 JF - 2009 Conference on Experimental Biology AU - Harnly, J AU - Luthria, D AU - Pastor-Corrales, M Y1 - 2009/04/18/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Apr 18 KW - Beans KW - U.V. radiation KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40387643?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2009+Conference+on+Experimental+Biology&rft.atitle=Chemical+variance+of+dry+beans+determined+from+UV+spectral+fingerprints&rft.au=Harnly%2C+J%3BLuthria%2C+D%3BPastor-Corrales%2C+M&rft.aulast=Harnly&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-04-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2009+Conference+on+Experimental+Biology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://submissions.miracd.com/eb2009/Itinerary/SearchHome.asp LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Effect of age on proteasomal activity of T cells and macrophages T2 - 2009 Conference on Experimental Biology AN - 40387185; 5292379 JF - 2009 Conference on Experimental Biology AU - Ren, Z AU - Shang, F AU - Meydani, S AU - Wu, D. 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5230837 JF - 2009 Conference on Experimental Biology AU - Bauchart-Thevret, C AU - Cui, L AU - Stoll, B AU - Burrin, D Y1 - 2009/04/18/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Apr 18 KW - Protein synthesis KW - Protein biosynthesis KW - Intestine KW - Epithelial cells KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40288973?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2009+Conference+on+Experimental+Biology&rft.atitle=Arginine-mediated+stimulation+of+intestinal+epithelial+cell+protein+synthesis+is+mTOR-dependent+but+NO-independent&rft.au=Bauchart-Thevret%2C+C%3BCui%2C+L%3BStoll%2C+B%3BBurrin%2C+D&rft.aulast=Bauchart-Thevret&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2009-04-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2009+Conference+on+Experimental+Biology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://submissions.miracd.com/eb2009/Itinerary/SearchHome.asp LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - English walnuts (Juglans regia L.) protect endogenous antioxidants in humans T2 - 2009 Conference on Experimental Biology AN - 40286835; 5231657 JF - 2009 Conference on Experimental Biology AU - McKay, D AU - Chen, C AU - Yeum, K AU - Correa, C AU - Blumberg, J Y1 - 2009/04/18/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Apr 18 KW - Antioxidants KW - Juglans regia KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40286835?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2009+Conference+on+Experimental+Biology&rft.atitle=English+walnuts+%28Juglans+regia+L.%29+protect+endogenous+antioxidants+in+humans&rft.au=McKay%2C+D%3BChen%2C+C%3BYeum%2C+K%3BCorrea%2C+C%3BBlumberg%2C+J&rft.aulast=McKay&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2009-04-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2009+Conference+on+Experimental+Biology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://submissions.miracd.com/eb2009/Itinerary/SearchHome.asp LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Dietary selenium and copper affect the activity and expression of the hepatic selenoprotein methionine sulfoxide reductase B in rats T2 - 2009 Conference on Experimental Biology AN - 40285378; 5231757 JF - 2009 Conference on Experimental Biology AU - Uthus, E Y1 - 2009/04/18/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Apr 18 KW - Copper KW - Diets KW - Selenium KW - Rats KW - Reductase KW - Selenoproteins KW - Liver KW - Methionine KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40285378?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2009+Conference+on+Experimental+Biology&rft.atitle=Dietary+selenium+and+copper+affect+the+activity+and+expression+of+the+hepatic+selenoprotein+methionine+sulfoxide+reductase+B+in+rats&rft.au=Uthus%2C+E&rft.aulast=Uthus&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2009-04-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2009+Conference+on+Experimental+Biology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://submissions.miracd.com/eb2009/Itinerary/SearchHome.asp LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Oxidative stress in cardiac mitochondria caused by copper deficiency may be insufficient to damage mitochondrial proteins T2 - 2009 Conference on Experimental Biology AN - 40284934; 5231751 JF - 2009 Conference on Experimental Biology AU - Johnson, W Y1 - 2009/04/18/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Apr 18 KW - Copper KW - Oxidative stress KW - Mitochondria KW - Heart KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40284934?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2009+Conference+on+Experimental+Biology&rft.atitle=Oxidative+stress+in+cardiac+mitochondria+caused+by+copper+deficiency+may+be+insufficient+to+damage+mitochondrial+proteins&rft.au=Johnson%2C+W&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2009-04-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2009+Conference+on+Experimental+Biology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://submissions.miracd.com/eb2009/Itinerary/SearchHome.asp LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Regulation of LPS-induced tissue factor expression in human monocytic THP-1 cells by curcumin T2 - 2009 Conference on Experimental Biology AN - 40284749; 5231617 JF - 2009 Conference on Experimental Biology AU - Guo, W AU - Ratnasari, A AU - Li, J. AU - Meydani, M Y1 - 2009/04/18/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Apr 18 KW - Curcumin KW - Monocytes KW - Tissue factor KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40284749?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2009+Conference+on+Experimental+Biology&rft.atitle=Regulation+of+LPS-induced+tissue+factor+expression+in+human+monocytic+THP-1+cells+by+curcumin&rft.au=Guo%2C+W%3BRatnasari%2C+A%3BLi%2C+J.%3BMeydani%2C+M&rft.aulast=Guo&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2009-04-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2009+Conference+on+Experimental+Biology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://submissions.miracd.com/eb2009/Itinerary/SearchHome.asp LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Effect of blueberries on the immune response of obese mice induced by high fat diet T2 - 2009 Conference on Experimental Biology AN - 40283120; 5233806 JF - 2009 Conference on Experimental Biology AU - Wu, D. AU - Ren, Z AU - DeFuria, J AU - Obin, M AU - Meydani, S Y1 - 2009/04/18/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Apr 18 KW - Immune response KW - Diets KW - Obesity KW - Mice KW - High fat diet KW - Immunity KW - Defense mechanisms KW - Vaccinium KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40283120?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2009+Conference+on+Experimental+Biology&rft.atitle=Effect+of+blueberries+on+the+immune+response+of+obese+mice+induced+by+high+fat+diet&rft.au=Wu%2C+D.%3BRen%2C+Z%3BDeFuria%2C+J%3BObin%2C+M%3BMeydani%2C+S&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=D.&rft.date=2009-04-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2009+Conference+on+Experimental+Biology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://submissions.miracd.com/eb2009/Itinerary/SearchHome.asp LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Assessment of sources and dietary intake of isoflavone in the U.S. diet T2 - 2009 Conference on Experimental Biology AN - 40282415; 5231767 JF - 2009 Conference on Experimental Biology AU - Haytowitz, D AU - Bhagwat, S Y1 - 2009/04/18/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Apr 18 KW - USA KW - Diets KW - Ingestion KW - Isoflavones KW - Dietary intake KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40282415?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2009+Conference+on+Experimental+Biology&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+sources+and+dietary+intake+of+isoflavone+in+the+U.S.+diet&rft.au=Haytowitz%2C+D%3BBhagwat%2C+S&rft.aulast=Haytowitz&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2009-04-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2009+Conference+on+Experimental+Biology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://submissions.miracd.com/eb2009/Itinerary/SearchHome.asp LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Harvest year and growing region but not processing affect flavonoid content and antioxidant capacity of California almond skins T2 - 2009 Conference on Experimental Biology AN - 40281679; 5232886 JF - 2009 Conference on Experimental Biology AU - Bolling, B AU - Dolnikowski, G AU - Blumberg, J AU - Chen, C Y1 - 2009/04/18/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Apr 18 KW - USA, California KW - Flavonoids KW - Skin KW - Antioxidants KW - Prunus dulcis KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40281679?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2009+Conference+on+Experimental+Biology&rft.atitle=Harvest+year+and+growing+region+but+not+processing+affect+flavonoid+content+and+antioxidant+capacity+of+California+almond+skins&rft.au=Bolling%2C+B%3BDolnikowski%2C+G%3BBlumberg%2C+J%3BChen%2C+C&rft.aulast=Bolling&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2009-04-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2009+Conference+on+Experimental+Biology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://submissions.miracd.com/eb2009/Itinerary/SearchHome.asp LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Deoxycholic acid and selenium metabolite methylselenol exert common and distinct effects on cell cycle, apoptosis, and MAP kinase pathway in HCT116 human colon cancer cells T2 - 2009 Conference on Experimental Biology AN - 40280215; 5232898 JF - 2009 Conference on Experimental Biology AU - Zeng, H AU - Botnen, J AU - Briske-Anderson, M Y1 - 2009/04/18/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Apr 18 KW - Colon cancer KW - Metabolites KW - Selenium KW - Deoxycholic acid KW - MAP kinase KW - Cell cycle KW - Apoptosis KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40280215?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2009+Conference+on+Experimental+Biology&rft.atitle=Deoxycholic+acid+and+selenium+metabolite+methylselenol+exert+common+and+distinct+effects+on+cell+cycle%2C+apoptosis%2C+and+MAP+kinase+pathway+in+HCT116+human+colon+cancer+cells&rft.au=Zeng%2C+H%3BBotnen%2C+J%3BBriske-Anderson%2C+M&rft.aulast=Zeng&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2009-04-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2009+Conference+on+Experimental+Biology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://submissions.miracd.com/eb2009/Itinerary/SearchHome.asp LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Isolation and quantitation of anti-inflammatory compounds in garlic (Allium sativum) T2 - 2009 Conference on Experimental Biology AN - 40278344; 5232989 JF - 2009 Conference on Experimental Biology AU - Park, J Y1 - 2009/04/18/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Apr 18 KW - Inflammation KW - Quantitation KW - Allium sativum KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40278344?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2009+Conference+on+Experimental+Biology&rft.atitle=Isolation+and+quantitation+of+anti-inflammatory+compounds+in+garlic+%28Allium+sativum%29&rft.au=Park%2C+J&rft.aulast=Park&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-04-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2009+Conference+on+Experimental+Biology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://submissions.miracd.com/eb2009/Itinerary/SearchHome.asp LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Effects of dietary supplementations of tomato extract versus lycopene on nonalcoholic steatohepatitis-related hepatocarcinogenesis in rats T2 - 2009 Conference on Experimental Biology AN - 40278253; 5233706 JF - 2009 Conference on Experimental Biology AU - Wang, Y AU - Ausman, L AU - Greenberg, A AU - Russell, R AU - Wang, X Y1 - 2009/04/18/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Apr 18 KW - Diets KW - Rats KW - Dietary supplements KW - Lycopene KW - Lycopersicon esculentum KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40278253?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2009+Conference+on+Experimental+Biology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+dietary+supplementations+of+tomato+extract+versus+lycopene+on+nonalcoholic+steatohepatitis-related+hepatocarcinogenesis+in+rats&rft.au=Wang%2C+Y%3BAusman%2C+L%3BGreenberg%2C+A%3BRussell%2C+R%3BWang%2C+X&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2009-04-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2009+Conference+on+Experimental+Biology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://submissions.miracd.com/eb2009/Itinerary/SearchHome.asp LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Boron deprivation increases plasma homocysteine and decreases liver S-adenosylmethionine and S-adenosylhomocysteine in rats T2 - 2009 Conference on Experimental Biology AN - 40278204; 5231646 JF - 2009 Conference on Experimental Biology AU - Nielsen, F Y1 - 2009/04/18/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Apr 18 KW - Boron KW - Liver KW - Rats KW - Homocysteine KW - S-Adenosylmethionine KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40278204?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2009+Conference+on+Experimental+Biology&rft.atitle=Boron+deprivation+increases+plasma+homocysteine+and+decreases+liver+S-adenosylmethionine+and+S-adenosylhomocysteine+in+rats&rft.au=Nielsen%2C+F&rft.aulast=Nielsen&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2009-04-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2009+Conference+on+Experimental+Biology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://submissions.miracd.com/eb2009/Itinerary/SearchHome.asp LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Added sugars and solid fat replace fruits, vegetables, and milk in the diets of preschool-age children, especially that of low-income children T2 - 2009 Conference on Experimental Biology AN - 40278125; 5233851 JF - 2009 Conference on Experimental Biology AU - Bowman, S AU - Friday, J AU - Martin, C Y1 - 2009/04/18/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Apr 18 KW - Children KW - Diets KW - Socio-economic aspects KW - Fruits KW - Milk KW - Vegetables KW - Sugar KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40278125?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2009+Conference+on+Experimental+Biology&rft.atitle=Added+sugars+and+solid+fat+replace+fruits%2C+vegetables%2C+and+milk+in+the+diets+of+preschool-age+children%2C+especially+that+of+low-income+children&rft.au=Bowman%2C+S%3BFriday%2C+J%3BMartin%2C+C&rft.aulast=Bowman&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2009-04-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2009+Conference+on+Experimental+Biology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://submissions.miracd.com/eb2009/Itinerary/SearchHome.asp LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Age-related effects of varying ammonia concentrations on hematophysiological variables in broiler chickens T2 - 2009 Conference on Experimental Biology AN - 40275093; 5234197 JF - 2009 Conference on Experimental Biology AU - Olanrewaju, H AU - Purswell, J AU - Collier, S Y1 - 2009/04/18/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Apr 18 KW - Ammonia KW - Poultry KW - Age KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40275093?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2009+Conference+on+Experimental+Biology&rft.atitle=Age-related+effects+of+varying+ammonia+concentrations+on+hematophysiological+variables+in+broiler+chickens&rft.au=Olanrewaju%2C+H%3BPurswell%2C+J%3BCollier%2C+S&rft.aulast=Olanrewaju&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2009-04-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2009+Conference+on+Experimental+Biology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://submissions.miracd.com/eb2009/Itinerary/SearchHome.asp LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-28 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field test of a single-injection gonadotrophin-releasing hormone immunocontraceptive vaccine in female white-tailed deer AN - 762280157; 13812444 AB - The development and use of safe, effective and practical wildlife contraceptive agents could reduce reproduction in locally overabundant deer populations in situations where traditional management tools such as regulated hunting cannot be employed. GonaCon Immunocontraceptive Vaccine (the commercial name for a particular gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-based emulsion) was tested in adult female white-tailed deer in a fenced herd near Silver Spring, Maryland, USA. Observations of udder condition were used to identify does that had become pregnant. Necropsy observations, histopathology and serum concentrations of anti-GnRH antibodies, luteinising hormone and progesterone were used to compare health and reproductive status of treated (n = 28) and control (n = 15) deer. After receiving one injection of GonaCon, 88% of treated deer did not become pregnant during the first year and 47% did not become pregnant during the second year after vaccination. No adverse health effects related to vaccination with GonaCon were detected, except for localised injection-site reactions in five (29%) of 17 examined, vaccinated deer. Treatment with GonaCon can be a safe and effective means of inducing temporary infertility in wild white-tailed deer. Ultimately, the management value of GonaCon will be determined by natural-resource professionals who use it as one of many tools to manage deer populations. JF - Wildlife Research AU - Gionfriddo, James P AU - Eisemann, John D AU - Sullivan, Kevin J AU - Healey, Ronald S AU - Miller, Lowell A AU - Fagerstone, Kathleen A AU - Engeman, Richard M AU - Yoder, Christi A AD - USDA/APHIS/Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center, 4101 LaPorte Avenue, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA, james.p.gionfriddo@aphis.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04/15/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Apr 15 SP - 177 EP - 184 PB - CSIRO Publishing, PO Box 1139 Collingwood Vic. 3066 Australia VL - 36 IS - 3 SN - 1035-3712, 1035-3712 KW - Immunology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Infertility KW - Autopsy KW - vaccines KW - Progesterone KW - Contraceptives (immunologic) KW - Hormones KW - Reproductive status KW - USA, Maryland KW - Contraceptives KW - deer KW - management tools KW - Wildlife KW - Pituitary (anterior) KW - Emulsions KW - Vaccination KW - Pregnancy KW - Antibodies KW - hunting KW - Reproduction KW - Females KW - Vaccines KW - Hunting KW - Silver KW - Udder KW - ENA 13:Population Planning & Control KW - F 06905:Vaccines KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/762280157?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wildlife+Research&rft.atitle=Field+test+of+a+single-injection+gonadotrophin-releasing+hormone+immunocontraceptive+vaccine+in+female+white-tailed+deer&rft.au=Gionfriddo%2C+James+P%3BEisemann%2C+John+D%3BSullivan%2C+Kevin+J%3BHealey%2C+Ronald+S%3BMiller%2C+Lowell+A%3BFagerstone%2C+Kathleen+A%3BEngeman%2C+Richard+M%3BYoder%2C+Christi+A&rft.aulast=Gionfriddo&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2009-04-15&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=177&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wildlife+Research&rft.issn=10353712&rft_id=info:doi/10.1071%2FWR08061 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Autopsy; Infertility; Progesterone; Wildlife; Pituitary (anterior); Hormones; Vaccination; Contraceptives (immunologic); Pregnancy; Reproductive status; Antibodies; Reproduction; Vaccines; Hunting; Silver; Contraceptives; Udder; management tools; vaccines; hunting; Females; Emulsions; deer; USA, Maryland DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/WR08061 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Behavior of Escherichia coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes, and Salmonella Typhimurium in teewurst, a raw spreadable sausage AN - 20471819; 9163213 AB - The fate of Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella Typhimurium, or Escherichia coli O157:H7 were separately monitored both in and on teewurst, a traditional raw and spreadable sausage of Germanic origin. Multi-strain cocktails of each pathogen (ca. 5.0 log CFU/g) were used to separately inoculate teewurst that was subsequently stored at 1.5, 4, 10, and 21 °C. When inoculated into commercially-prepared batter just prior to stuffing, in general, the higher the storage temperature, the greater the lethality. Depending on the storage temperature, pathogen levels in the batter decreased by 2.3 to 3.4, ca. 3.8, and 2.2 to 3.6 log CFU/g for E. coli O157:H7, S. Typhimurium, and L. monocytogenes, respectively, during storage for 30 days. When inoculated onto both the top and bottom faces of sliced commercially-prepared finished product, the results for all four temperatures showed a decrease of 0.9 to 1.4, 1.4 to 1.8, and 2.2 to 3.0 log CFU/g for E. coli O157:H7, S. Typhimurium, and L. monocytogenes, respectively, over the course of 21 days. With the possible exceptions for salt and carbohydrate levels, chemical analyses of teewurst purchased from five commercial manufacturers revealed only subtle differences in proximate composition for this product type. Our data establish that teewurst does not provide a favourable environment for the survival of E. coli O157:H7, S. Typhimurium, or L. monocytogenes inoculated either into or onto the product. JF - International Journal of Food Microbiology AU - Dourou, Dimitra AU - Porto-Fett, Anna C S AU - Shoyer, Brad AU - Call, Jeffrey E AU - Nychas, George-John E AU - Illg, Ernst K AU - Luchansky, John B AD - Department of Food Science and Technology, Laboratory of Microbiology and Biotechnology of Foods, Agricultural University of Athens, GR-11855, Greece, John.Luchansky@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04/15/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Apr 15 SP - 245 EP - 250 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 130 IS - 3 SN - 0168-1605, 0168-1605 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Escherichia coli O157:H7 KW - Listeria monocytogenes KW - Salmonella Typhimurium KW - Food safety KW - Teewurst KW - Meats KW - Temperature effects KW - Data processing KW - Temperature KW - Survival KW - Pathogens KW - Salmonella typhimurium KW - Food contamination KW - Storage KW - Salts KW - Lethality KW - Behavior KW - Colony-forming cells KW - Escherichia coli KW - Sausages KW - Carbohydrates KW - survival KW - Chemical analysis KW - J 02330:Biochemistry KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology KW - H 4000:Food and Drugs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20471819?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Food+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Behavior+of+Escherichia+coli+O157%3AH7%2C+Listeria+monocytogenes%2C+and+Salmonella+Typhimurium+in+teewurst%2C+a+raw+spreadable+sausage&rft.au=Dourou%2C+Dimitra%3BPorto-Fett%2C+Anna+C+S%3BShoyer%2C+Brad%3BCall%2C+Jeffrey+E%3BNychas%2C+George-John+E%3BIllg%2C+Ernst+K%3BLuchansky%2C+John+B&rft.aulast=Dourou&rft.aufirst=Dimitra&rft.date=2009-04-15&rft.volume=130&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=245&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Food+Microbiology&rft.issn=01681605&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ijfoodmicro.2009.01.037 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Salts; Data processing; Lethality; Colony-forming cells; Survival; Sausages; Carbohydrates; Pathogens; Storage; Behavior; Temperature; survival; Food contamination; Chemical analysis; Listeria monocytogenes; Escherichia coli; Salmonella typhimurium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2009.01.037 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simultaneous quantitation of multiple classes of organohalogen compounds in fish oils with direct sample introduction comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography and time-of-flight mass spectrometry. AN - 67103137; 19265383 AB - We successfully optimized an analytical method using gel permeation chromatography followed by direct sample introduction comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with time-of-flight mass spectrometry to quantify multiple groups of targeted persistent organic pollutants and halogenated natural products (HNPs) simultaneously in fish oil samples. This new method has a wider analytical scope than the traditional approach to use multiple methods to cover each class of compounds. Our analysis revealed that the relatively more volatile and lighter organic compounds, such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides, and other smaller organohalogen compounds, were still present in two brands of "PCB-free" cod liver oils, albeit at much lower levels than in an untreated commercial sample. Moreover, the less volatile organic compounds, such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers and brominated HNPs, were detected at similar levels in all three cod liver oils. This suggests that the commercial molecular distillation treatment used for removal of organic/inorganic toxic contaminants is only effective for the lighter organic contaminants. JF - Journal of agricultural and food chemistry AU - Hoh, Eunha AU - Lehotay, Steven J AU - Pangallo, Kristin C AU - Mastovska, Katerina AU - Ngo, Helen L AU - Reddy, Christopher M AU - Vetter, Walter AD - Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, Pennsylvania 19038, USA. ehoh@mail.sdsu.edu Y1 - 2009/04/08/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Apr 08 SP - 2653 EP - 2660 VL - 57 IS - 7 KW - Benzofurans KW - 0 KW - Fish Oils KW - Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers KW - Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated KW - Hydrocarbons, Halogenated KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - dibenzofuran KW - 8U54U639VI KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Index Medicus KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- analogs & derivatives KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- analysis KW - Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated -- analysis KW - Humans KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- analysis KW - Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers -- analysis KW - Diet KW - Benzofurans -- analysis KW - Quality Control KW - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry -- methods KW - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry -- instrumentation KW - Fish Oils -- chemistry KW - Hydrocarbons, Halogenated -- analysis KW - Food Contamination -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67103137?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+agricultural+and+food+chemistry&rft.atitle=Simultaneous+quantitation+of+multiple+classes+of+organohalogen+compounds+in+fish+oils+with+direct+sample+introduction+comprehensive+two-dimensional+gas+chromatography+and+time-of-flight+mass+spectrometry.&rft.au=Hoh%2C+Eunha%3BLehotay%2C+Steven+J%3BPangallo%2C+Kristin+C%3BMastovska%2C+Katerina%3BNgo%2C+Helen+L%3BReddy%2C+Christopher+M%3BVetter%2C+Walter&rft.aulast=Hoh&rft.aufirst=Eunha&rft.date=2009-04-08&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=2653&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+agricultural+and+food+chemistry&rft.issn=1520-5118&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fjf900462p LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-06-15 N1 - Date created - 2009-04-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf900462p ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Foliar resistance to ozone injury in the genetic base of U.S. and Canadian soybean and prediction of resistance in descendent cultivars using coefficient of parentage AN - 918045542; 15318599 AB - Development of ozone (O sub(3)-resistant cultivars is a potentially important approach for maintaining crop productivity under future climate scenarios in which tropospheric O) sub(3) pollution is projected to rise. A first step in the breeding of resistant cultivars for a crop such as soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) is identification of sources of O sub(3 resistance genes. Thirty ancestral lines of soybean were screened for differences in O) sub(3) foliar injury under greenhouse conditions. The ancestors represented 92% of the genetic base of North American soybean as determined by pedigree analysis. Injury among ancestors ranged from 5 to 50% of leaf area, based on response of the five oldest main stem leaves, indicating both the presence of substantial genetic variation for O sub(3 injury among the ancestors as well as resistance levels greater than that of the standard control cultivar, resistant Essex (15% injury). Ancestral types Fiskeby 840-7-3 and Fiskeby III exhibited the greatest foliar resistance and PI 88788 the least. A subsequent field study confirmed the foliar resistance of the Fiskeby types. Resistant ancestors identified here are proposed for inheritance and DNA mapping studies to determine the genetic basis of foliar resistance. Because the presence of O) sub(3)-resistant ancestors suggested that resistant descendents may exist in addition to the resistant control Essex, a method was developed to facilitate their identification. A predicted O sub(3-resistance score was calculated for 247 publicly-released cultivars, based on pedigree analysis and ancestral response to ozone. Using this approach, the 32 public cultivars most closely related to resistant ancestors and, thus, most likely to be resistant were identified as priority candidates for future screening efforts. Predicted scores from the analysis suggested that cultivars from the Midwest may be more sensitive to foliar injury, on average, than Southern cultivars.) JF - Field Crops Research AU - Burkey, Kent O AU - Carter, Thomas E Y1 - 2009/04/03/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Apr 03 SP - 207 EP - 217 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 111 IS - 3 SN - 0378-4290, 0378-4290 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Pedigree KW - Heredity KW - Injuries KW - Plant breeding KW - Genetic diversity KW - British Isles, England, Essex KW - crop production KW - Glycine max KW - Crops KW - breeding KW - Mapping KW - soybeans KW - Pollution KW - Ozone KW - Leaf area KW - Climate KW - Leaves KW - Troposphere KW - Greenhouses KW - Soybeans KW - USA KW - DNA KW - cultivars KW - Gene mapping KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918045542?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Field+Crops+Research&rft.atitle=Foliar+resistance+to+ozone+injury+in+the+genetic+base+of+U.S.+and+Canadian+soybean+and+prediction+of+resistance+in+descendent+cultivars+using+coefficient+of+parentage&rft.au=Burkey%2C+Kent+O%3BCarter%2C+Thomas+E&rft.aulast=Burkey&rft.aufirst=Kent&rft.date=2009-04-03&rft.volume=111&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=207&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Field+Crops+Research&rft.issn=03784290&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.fcr.2008.12.005 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-04-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pedigree; Leaf area; Injuries; Heredity; Climate; Plant breeding; Leaves; Genetic diversity; Crops; Soybeans; Greenhouses; DNA; Pollution; Ozone; Gene mapping; breeding; Troposphere; cultivars; Mapping; crop production; soybeans; Glycine max; USA; British Isles, England, Essex DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2008.12.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Capabilities of Direct Sample Introduction-Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography-Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry to Analyze Organic Chemicals of Interest in Fish Oils AN - 754541452; 13267275 AB - Most analytical methods for persistent organic pollutants (POPs) focus on individual groups of targeted analytes. Therefore, analysis of multiple classes of POPs typically entails several sample preparations, fractionations, and injections, whereas other chemicals of possible interest are neglected or lost. To analyze a wider scope of organic contaminants in fish oil, we developed an approach to combine the analysis of targeted and untargeted chemicals using an automated direct sample introduction (DSI) and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GCXGC/ToF-MS). DSI-GCXGC/ToF-MS is a powerful tool that attains high quality separations to achieve high selectivity while still providing a wide analytical scope with minimal sample preparation, especially in conjunction with DSI's high tolerance to dirty extracts. Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) was used for initial separation of lipids from POPs and other GC-amenable organic compounds from dietary cod liver oil. For comparison purposes, additional cleanup of the GPC extracts was done by silica adsorption and acidification, which helped provide clues in the identification of untargeted compounds, but in routine analysis, only GPC is needed for this analytical approach. The approach allowed simultaneous identification of known-POPs in the fish liver oils, and further permitted presumptive identifications of multiple groups of halogenated natural products (HNPs) and other organic chemicals of interest through comparisons of the mass spectra from analyses with those from mass spectral libraries and/or reports in the literature (60 PCB congeners and 76 compounds in total). Subsequent confirmations were made by reanalysis and comparison of chromatographic retention times and mass spectra with contemporaneously analyzed reference standards. Otherwise, ion fragmentation patterns of unknown compounds were assessed for tentative identifications. Some of the HNPs in the fish oils were detected and identified for the first time. Our study demonstrates that the wide monitoring scope provided by the DSI-GCXGC/ToF-MS method after GPC provides many logistical and performance advantages over the conventional use of several different methods designed for individual classes of targeted analytes after extensive sample preparation. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Hoh, Eunha AU - Lehotay, Steven J AU - Mastovska, Katerina AU - Ngo, Helen L AU - Vetter, Walter AU - Pangallo, Kristin C AU - Reddy, Christopher M AD - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, Pennsylvania 19038, University of Hohenheim, Institute of Food Chemistry, Garbenstrasse 28, D-70599 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT/WHOI Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering, and Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543 Y1 - 2009/04/02/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Apr 02 SP - 3240 EP - 3247 PB - American Chemical Society, 1155 16th St., NW Washington DC 20036 USA VL - 43 IS - 9 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Chemicals KW - Molecular structure KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Chromatographic techniques KW - Lipids KW - Mass spectrometry KW - Metabolites KW - Fish oils KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - Oil KW - Pollutants KW - Gas chromatography KW - silica KW - Acidification KW - PCB compounds KW - PCB KW - Diets KW - persistent organic pollutants KW - Chromatography KW - Fats and oils KW - Chemical oxygen demand KW - Fractionation KW - Liver KW - Adsorption KW - Fish KW - Organic compounds KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754541452?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Capabilities+of+Direct+Sample+Introduction-Comprehensive+Two-Dimensional+Gas+Chromatography-Time-of-Flight+Mass+Spectrometry+to+Analyze+Organic+Chemicals+of+Interest+in+Fish+Oils&rft.au=Hoh%2C+Eunha%3BLehotay%2C+Steven+J%3BMastovska%2C+Katerina%3BNgo%2C+Helen+L%3BVetter%2C+Walter%3BPangallo%2C+Kristin+C%3BReddy%2C+Christopher+M&rft.aulast=Hoh&rft.aufirst=Eunha&rft.date=2009-04-02&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=3240&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fes803486x L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/es803486x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Molecular structure; Pollutants; Chromatographic techniques; Metabolites; Organic compounds; Acidification; PCB; Mass spectroscopy; Fish oils; Chemicals; Diets; Pollution monitoring; Chromatography; persistent organic pollutants; Lipids; Fats and oils; Mass spectrometry; Chemical oxygen demand; Oil; Fractionation; Gas chromatography; silica; Adsorption; Liver; Fish; PCB compounds DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es803486x ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Creative Places as Migration Filters T2 - 48th Annual Meeting of the Southern Regional Science Association AN - 41773043; 5051425 JF - 48th Annual Meeting of the Southern Regional Science Association AU - McGranahan, David AU - Wojan, Timothy AU - Farrigan, Tracey Y1 - 2009/04/02/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Apr 02 KW - Migration KW - Filters KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41773043?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=48th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Southern+Regional+Science+Association&rft.atitle=Creative+Places+as+Migration+Filters&rft.au=McGranahan%2C+David%3BWojan%2C+Timothy%3BFarrigan%2C+Tracey&rft.aulast=McGranahan&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2009-04-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=48th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Southern+Regional+Science+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.srsa.org/pdf/SRSA2009program.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of host seed on metabolic activity of Enterobacter cloacae in the spermosphere AN - 883026907; 15323711 AB - Little is known regarding the influences of nutrients released from plants on the metabolic activity of colonizing microbes. To gain a better understanding of these influences, we used bioluminescence- and oxygen consumption-based methods to compare bacterial metabolic activity expressed during colonization of two different seed types. Metabolic activity expressed by Enterobacter cloacae during colonization of pea seeds, which exude high levels of reduced carbon nutrients, was compared with that during colonization of cucumber seeds, which exude orders of magnitude less reduced carbon nutrients. Metabolic activity levels expressed by E. cloacae populations were much higher throughout a 72 h colonization period on pea seed compared with those observed on cucumber seed, directly correlating metabolic activity level with amounts of nutrients released by seeds. In vitro studies indicated E. cloacae cells expressed different levels of metabolic activity when incubated with different individual carbohydrates commonly found in cucumber and pea seed exudates. The addition of exogenous carbohydrate to cucumber seed increased metabolic activity expressed by colonizing E. cloacae; with the level of increase dependent on both quantity and type of carbohydrate supplement. Subtraction of carbohydrate available to E. cloacae on cucumber and pea seeds through mutation in pfkA decreased metabolic activity by this bacterium. Results presented here provide strong evidence that metabolic activity of spermosphere-colonizing bacteria is host dependent, and that levels of activity are based largely on both quantitative and qualitative composition of host exudate released during seed germination. JF - Soil Biology and Biochemistry AU - Roberts, D P AU - Baker, C J AU - McKenna, L AU - Liu, S AU - Buyer, J S AU - Kobayashi, D Y Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - April 2009 SP - 754 EP - 761 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX United Kingdom VL - 41 IS - 4 SN - 0038-0717, 0038-0717 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Ecology Abstracts KW - Plant exudate KW - Microbial metabolism KW - Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria KW - pfkA mutant KW - Biochemistry KW - Nutrients KW - Colonization KW - Exudates KW - Spermosphere KW - Carbon KW - Seed germination KW - Carbohydrates KW - Germination KW - Bacteria KW - Seeds KW - Mutations KW - Oxygen KW - Enterobacter cloacae KW - Cucumis sativus KW - Mutation KW - Bacteria (enterobacteriaceae) (enterobacter) KW - Metabolism KW - SW 0810:General KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q1 08484:Species interactions: parasites and diseases KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/883026907?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Biology+and+Biochemistry&rft.atitle=Influence+of+host+seed+on+metabolic+activity+of+Enterobacter+cloacae+in+the+spermosphere&rft.au=Roberts%2C+D+P%3BBaker%2C+C+J%3BMcKenna%2C+L%3BLiu%2C+S%3BBuyer%2C+J+S%3BKobayashi%2C+D+Y&rft.aulast=Roberts&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=754&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Biology+and+Biochemistry&rft.issn=00380717&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.soilbio.2009.01.010 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Germination; Colonization; Seeds; Mutations; Carbohydrates; Metabolism; Oxygen; Spermosphere; Exudates; Carbon; Seed germination; Nutrients; Mutation; Bacteria; Biochemistry; Bacteria (enterobacteriaceae) (enterobacter); Enterobacter cloacae; Cucumis sativus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2009.01.010 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Specific Detection and Identification of Xylella fastidiosa Strains Causing Oleander Leaf Scorch Using Polymerase Chain Reaction AN - 869578129; 14053933 AB - A pair of PCR primers, QH-OLS05/QH-OLS08 specific for strains of Xylella fastidiosa causing oleander leaf scorch was developed. The primers were designed according to a DNA sequence of a randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) product unique to oleander strains. The PCR assay using primer pair QH-OLS05/QH-OLS08 allowed quick and simple detection and identification of oleander strains in cultured bacterium and infected plant samples. The assay also can be applied to insect samples. Specific detection and identification of oleander strains of X. fastidiosa by PCR is useful for epidemiologic and etiologic studies of oleander leaf scorch by identifying what plants and insect vectors harbor or carry this particular strain of X. fastidiosa, especially in locations where mixed natural infections by oleander and other strains of X. fastidiosa occur. JF - Current Microbiology AU - Huang, Qi AD - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. National Arboretum, Floral and Nursery Plants Research Unit, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA, qi.huang@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 393 EP - 398 PB - Springer-Verlag, 175 Fifth Ave. New York NY 10010 USA VL - 58 IS - 4 SN - 0343-8651, 0343-8651 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Nerium oleander KW - Xylella fastidiosa KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Vectors KW - Primers KW - Leaf scorch KW - Infection KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/869578129?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Specific+Detection+and+Identification+of+Xylella+fastidiosa+Strains+Causing+Oleander+Leaf+Scorch+Using+Polymerase+Chain+Reaction&rft.au=Huang%2C+Qi&rft.aulast=Huang&rft.aufirst=Qi&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=393&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+Microbiology&rft.issn=03438651&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00284-008-9324-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nucleotide sequence; Vectors; Polymerase chain reaction; Primers; Infection; Leaf scorch; Xylella fastidiosa; Nerium oleander DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00284-008-9324-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developmental response of Euplectrus comstockii to ascorbic acid in the diet of the larval host, Heliothis virescens AN - 754889749; 13463129 AB - Recent developments in genetic engineering have paved the way for researchers to produce crops of high nutritional and yield value, in addition to being resistant to diseases and pests. Ascorbic acid content is one of the parameters researchers are trying to enhance in plants. This study investigated the effect of different levels of dietary ascorbic acid of a beneficial wasp, Euplectrus comstockii Howard (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), by measuring life history parameters of the wasp when reared on lepidopteran larvae fed a basal diet containing low and high levels of ascorbic acid. Odds and odds ratio analyses showed that the probability of egg hatch and adult emergence for the wasp increased with the amount of ascorbic acid in the diet of the host, and that the rate of development and probability of female or male progeny was similar for most levels of ascorbic acid tested. This would indicate that as the ascorbic acid concentration increases in the pest insect the effectiveness of the wasp is likely to increase and when, by comparison with other published findings, the effectiveness of microbial pathogens is likely to decrease. JF - BioControl (Heidelberg) AU - Coudron, Thomas A AU - Shelby, Kent S AU - Ellersieck, Mark R AU - Odoom, Elisha D AU - Lim, Eugene AU - Popham, Holly J R AD - USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Biological Control of Insects Research Laboratory, 1503 South Providence Road, Columbia, MO 65203, USA, Tom.Coudron@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 175 EP - 182 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 54 IS - 2 SN - 1386-6141, 1386-6141 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Entomology Abstracts KW - Diets KW - Biological control KW - Euplectrus KW - Pest control KW - Pathogens KW - Eulophidae KW - Crops KW - Lepidoptera KW - Ascorbic acid KW - Nutrient deficiency KW - Life history KW - Genetic engineering KW - Progeny KW - Pests KW - Hymenoptera KW - Heliothis virescens KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - Z 05340:Ecology and Behavior UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754889749?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BioControl+%28Heidelberg%29&rft.atitle=Developmental+response+of+Euplectrus+comstockii+to+ascorbic+acid+in+the+diet+of+the+larval+host%2C+Heliothis+virescens&rft.au=Coudron%2C+Thomas+A%3BShelby%2C+Kent+S%3BEllersieck%2C+Mark+R%3BOdoom%2C+Elisha+D%3BLim%2C+Eugene%3BPopham%2C+Holly+J+R&rft.aulast=Coudron&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=175&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BioControl+%28Heidelberg%29&rft.issn=13866141&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10526-008-9179-4 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/016q837372774h64/?p=972e5f98fb0e47d3b54cafe930e47a26&pi=2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological control; Diets; Nutrient deficiency; Life history; Genetic engineering; Pest control; Progeny; Pathogens; Pests; Crops; Ascorbic acid; Euplectrus; Hymenoptera; Heliothis virescens; Eulophidae; Lepidoptera DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10526-008-9179-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Maize seed chitinase is modified by a protein secreted by Bipolaris zeicola AN - 746072502; 13029048 AB - Plants contain defense mechanisms that prevent infection by most fungi. Some specialized fungi have the ability to overcome plant defenses. The Zea mays (maize) seed chitinase ChitA has been previously reported as an antifungal protein. Here we report that ChitA is converted to a modified form by a protein secreted by the ear-rot pathogen Bipolaris zeicola (Holomorphaa=aaCochliobolus carbonum). In denaturing chitinase zymograms, ChitA activity was detected in protein extracts from healthy seeds, but not in those from diseased seeds of ears that had been inoculated with B. zeicola. Furthermore, addition of proteins from diseased seeds to those from healthy seeds resulted in the loss of detectable ChitA activity. This indicated that protein extracts from diseased seeds contained a molecule that targets ChitA. We determined that this molecule is a secreted protein we term B. zeicola chitinase modifying protein (Bz-cmp). We purified ChitA from maize seed and Bz-cmp from sterile cultures of B. zeicola. Biochemical experiments demonstrated that Bz-cmp catalytically converts ChitA into a modified form that has reduced molecular mass in SDS-PAGE gels. Native chitinase zymogram analysis of modified and unmodified ChitA demonstrated that, contrary to our initial observation, Bz-cmp does not impair ChitA's chitinase activity but rather its chitin-binding ability. Our findings suggest that ChitA is an important component of defense in developing maize seeds and identifies Bz-cmp as a potential contributor to pathogenicity. JF - Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology AU - Naumann, Todd A AU - Wicklow, Donald T AU - Kendra, David F AD - Mycotoxin Research Unit, National Center for Agriculture Utilization Research, Peoria, IL 61604, USA, todd.naumann@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 134 EP - 141 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 74 IS - 2 SN - 0885-5765, 0885-5765 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Antifungal agents KW - Bipolaris KW - Seeds KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/746072502?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physiological+and+Molecular+Plant+Pathology&rft.atitle=Maize+seed+chitinase+is+modified+by+a+protein+secreted+by+Bipolaris+zeicola&rft.au=Naumann%2C+Todd+A%3BWicklow%2C+Donald+T%3BKendra%2C+David+F&rft.aulast=Naumann&rft.aufirst=Todd&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=134&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physiological+and+Molecular+Plant+Pathology&rft.issn=08855765&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.pmpp.2009.10.004 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Seeds; Bipolaris DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pmpp.2009.10.004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Captures in methyl eugenol and cue-lure detection traps with and without insecticides and with a Farma Tech solid lure and insecticide dispenser. AN - 67266086; 19449634 AB - Methyl eugenol (ME) and cue-lure (C-L) traps to detect tephritid flies on the U.S. mainland were tested with and without insecticides under Hawaiian weather conditions against small populations of oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) and melon fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett), respectively. In comparative tests, standard Jackson traps with naled and the Hawaii fruit fly areawide pest management (AWPM) trap with 2,2-dichorovinyl dimethyl phosphate (DDVP) insecticidal strips outperformed traps without an insecticide. Addition of the reduced risk insecticide spinosad did not increase trap capture significantly compared with Jackson traps without an insecticide. Captures in AWPM traps with DDVP compared favorably with those for the Jackson trap with liquid naled (the Florida standard). In subsequent tests, captures with solid Farma Tech wafer dispensers with ME or C-L and DDVP placed inside Jackson and AWPM traps were equal to those for a Jackson trap with naled, currently used for detection of ME and C-L responding fruit flies in Florida. Farma Tech ME and C-L wafers with DDVP would be more convenient and safer to handle than current liquid insecticide formulations (e.g., naled) used for detection programs in Florida. JF - Journal of economic entomology AU - Vargas, Roger I AU - Burns, R E AU - Mau, Ronald F L AU - Stark, John D AU - Cook, Peter AU - Piñero, Jaime C AD - roger.vargas@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - April 2009 SP - 552 EP - 557 VL - 102 IS - 2 SN - 0022-0493, 0022-0493 KW - Insecticides KW - 0 KW - Pheromones KW - methyleugenol KW - 29T9VA6R7M KW - Eugenol KW - 3T8H1794QW KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - Tephritidae -- drug effects KW - Insect Control -- instrumentation KW - Eugenol -- pharmacology KW - Pheromones -- pharmacology KW - Eugenol -- analogs & derivatives KW - Insect Control -- methods KW - Insecticides -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67266086?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+economic+entomology&rft.atitle=Captures+in+methyl+eugenol+and+cue-lure+detection+traps+with+and+without+insecticides+and+with+a+Farma+Tech+solid+lure+and+insecticide+dispenser.&rft.au=Vargas%2C+Roger+I%3BBurns%2C+R+E%3BMau%2C+Ronald+F+L%3BStark%2C+John+D%3BCook%2C+Peter%3BPi%C3%B1ero%2C+Jaime+C&rft.aulast=Vargas&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=552&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+economic+entomology&rft.issn=00220493&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-06-09 N1 - Date created - 2009-05-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermal destruction of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in sous-vide cooked ground beef as affected by tea leaf and apple skin powders. AN - 67252901; 19435239 AB - We investigated the heat resistance of a four-strain mixture of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in raw ground beef in both the absence and presence of white and green tea powders and an apple skin extract. Inoculated meat was cooked using the sous-vide technique, i.e., the meat was packaged in sterile bags and completely immersed in a circulating water bath at low temperature for a period of time. The bags were cooked for 1 h to an internal temperature of 55, 58, 60, or 62.5 degrees C, and then held from 240 min at 55 degrees C to 10 min at 62.5 degrees C. The surviving bacteria were enumerated by spiral plating onto tryptic soy agar overlaid with sorbitol-MacConkey agar. Inactivation kinetics of the pathogens deviated from first-order kinetics. D-values (time, in minutes, required for the bacteria to decrease by 90%) in the control beef ranged from 67.79 min at 55 degrees C to 2.01 min at 62.5 degrees C. D-values determined by a logistic model ranged from 36.22 (D1, the D-value of a major population of surviving cells) and 112.79 (D2, the D-value of a minor subpopulation) at 55 degrees C to 1.39 (D1) and 3.00 (D2) at 62.5 degrees C. A significant increase (P < 0.05) in the sensitivity of the bacteria to heat was observed with the addition of 3% added antimicrobials. D-value reductions of 62 to 74% were observed with apple powder and 18 to 58% with tea powders. Thermal death times from this study will assist the retail food industry to design cooking regimes that ensure the safety of beef contaminated with E. coli O157:H7. JF - Journal of food protection AU - Juneja, Vijay K AU - Bari, M L AU - Inatsu, Y AU - Kawamoto, S AU - Friedman, Mendel AD - Microbial Food Safety Research Unit, Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, Pennsylvania 19038, USA. vjay.juneja@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - April 2009 SP - 860 EP - 865 VL - 72 IS - 4 SN - 0362-028X, 0362-028X KW - Plant Extracts KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Hot Temperature KW - Animals KW - Cattle KW - Food Microbiology KW - Fruit KW - Escherichia coli O157 -- physiology KW - Cooking -- methods KW - Camellia sinensis KW - Malus KW - Meat -- microbiology KW - Plant Leaves -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67252901?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.atitle=Thermal+destruction+of+Escherichia+coli+O157%3AH7+in+sous-vide+cooked+ground+beef+as+affected+by+tea+leaf+and+apple+skin+powders.&rft.au=Juneja%2C+Vijay+K%3BBari%2C+M+L%3BInatsu%2C+Y%3BKawamoto%2C+S%3BFriedman%2C+Mendel&rft.aulast=Juneja&rft.aufirst=Vijay&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=860&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.issn=0362028X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-07-14 N1 - Date created - 2009-05-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A sustained release gel formulation of doramectin for control of lone star ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) and horn flies (Diptera: Muscidae) on cattle. AN - 67249324; 19449664 AB - A gel formulation formed by incorporating technical doramectin into a 10% hydroxypropyl methylcellulose aqueous solution was used to subcutaneously inject steers at varying dosages. Doramectin serum concentration of steers receiving 600 microg (AI)/kg body weight declined from 21.9 ppb at 0.5 wk to below detectable at 8 wk postinjection. The 1,200 microg (AI)/kg injection resulted in serum concentrations of 29.1 ppb at 0.5 wk and declined to 0.5 ppb at 8 wk postinjection. Both the 600 and 1,200 microg (AI)/kg injections provided 100% inhibition of index of fecundity (IF) in adult lone star ticks, Amblyomma americanum L. (Acari: Ixodidae) through week 8, after which inhibition declined to 79.4 and 45.3%, respectively, during the 12th week posttreatment. For steers treated at 600 microg (AI)/kg, mortality of adult horn flies, Hematobia irritans L. (Diptera: Muscidae), declined from 16.9% during week 2 to 3.1% during week 7 postinjection. The blood from steers treated at 1,200 microg (AI)/kg resulted in a similar decline in mortality of blood fed adult horn flies from 29.4% during week 1 to 4.0% during week 7. The 600 microg (AI)/kg treatment provided complete control of larval horn flies in the manure for 9 wk, whereas the 1,200 microg (AI)/kg injection gave complete control for 14 wk posttreatment. The doramectin gel formulation provided long-lasting delivery of doramectin to cattle and extended control of lone star ticks and larval horn flies. Such a simple and inexpensive formulation could be useful in tick eradication programs by reducing the frequency of gathering cattle. JF - Journal of economic entomology AU - Lohmeyer, K H AU - Miller, J A AU - Pound, J M AU - Klavons, J A AD - USDA-ARS, Knipling Bushland U.S. Livestock Insect Research Laboratory, 2700 Fredericksburg Road, Kerrville, TX 78028, USA. kim.lohmeyer@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - April 2009 SP - 804 EP - 808 VL - 102 IS - 2 SN - 0022-0493, 0022-0493 KW - Delayed-Action Preparations KW - 0 KW - Gels KW - Insecticides KW - Ivermectin KW - 70288-86-7 KW - doramectin KW - KGD7A54H5P KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cattle KW - Time KW - Insecticides -- administration & dosage KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Injections, Subcutaneous KW - Insecticides -- pharmacology KW - Myiasis -- prevention & control KW - Ivermectin -- analogs & derivatives KW - Ivermectin -- pharmacology KW - Ivermectin -- administration & dosage KW - Tick Infestations -- veterinary KW - Tick Infestations -- prevention & control KW - Myiasis -- veterinary KW - Muscidae -- drug effects KW - Cattle Diseases -- prevention & control KW - Ixodidae -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67249324?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+economic+entomology&rft.atitle=A+sustained+release+gel+formulation+of+doramectin+for+control+of+lone+star+ticks+%28Acari%3A+Ixodidae%29+and+horn+flies+%28Diptera%3A+Muscidae%29+on+cattle.&rft.au=Lohmeyer%2C+K+H%3BMiller%2C+J+A%3BPound%2C+J+M%3BKlavons%2C+J+A&rft.aulast=Lohmeyer&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=804&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+economic+entomology&rft.issn=00220493&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-06-09 N1 - Date created - 2009-05-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inactivation of avirulent Yersinia pestis in Butterfield's phosphate buffer and frankfurters by UVC (254 nm) and gamma radiation. AN - 67248694; 19435223 AB - Yersinia pestis is the causative agent of plague. Although rare, pharyngeal plague in humans has been associated with consumption or handling of meat prepared from infected animals. The risks of contracting plague from consumption of deliberately contaminated food are currently unknown. Gamma radiation is a penetrating form of electromagnetic radiation, and UVC radiation is used for decontamination of liquids or food surfaces. Gamma radiation D10-values (the radiation dose needed to inactivate 1 log unit pathogen) were 0.23 (+/-0.01) and 0.31 (+/-0.03) kGy for avirulent Y. pestis inoculated into Butterfield's phosphate buffer and onto frankfurter surfaces, respectively, at 0 degree C. A UVC radiation dose of 0.25 J/cm2 inactivated avirulent Y. pestis suspended in Butterfield's phosphate buffer. UVC radiation doses of 0.5 to 4.0 J/cm2 inactivated 0.97 to 1.20 log units of the Y. pestis surface inoculated onto frankfurters. A low gamma radiation dose of 1.6 kGy could provide a 5-log reduction and a UVC radiation dose of 1 to 4 J/cm2 would provide a 1-log reduction of Y. pestis surface inoculated onto frankfurters. Y. pestis was capable of growth on frankfurters during refrigerated storage (10 degrees C). Gamma radiation of frankfurters inhibited the growth of Y. pestis during refrigerated storage, and UVC radiation delayed the growth of Y. pestis. JF - Journal of food protection AU - Sommers, Christopher H AU - Cooke, Peter H AD - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, Pennsylvania 19038, USA. christopher.sommers@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - April 2009 SP - 755 EP - 759 VL - 72 IS - 4 SN - 0362-028X, 0362-028X KW - Buffers KW - 0 KW - Phosphates KW - Index Medicus KW - Refrigeration KW - Food Microbiology KW - Time Factors KW - Yersinia pestis -- ultrastructure KW - Ultraviolet Rays KW - Gamma Rays KW - Meat Products -- microbiology KW - Phosphates -- pharmacology KW - Phosphates -- chemistry KW - Yersinia pestis -- classification KW - Food Preservation -- methods KW - Yersinia pestis -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67248694?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.atitle=Inactivation+of+avirulent+Yersinia+pestis+in+Butterfield%27s+phosphate+buffer+and+frankfurters+by+UVC+%28254+nm%29+and+gamma+radiation.&rft.au=Sommers%2C+Christopher+H%3BCooke%2C+Peter+H&rft.aulast=Sommers&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=755&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.issn=0362028X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-07-14 N1 - Date created - 2009-05-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Efficacy of eprinomectin and doramectin against Amblyomma americanum (Acari: Ixodidae) on cattle. AN - 67246899; 19449665 AB - Steers were treated with doramectin or eprinomectin by daily oral capsule for 28 consecutive days. The level of doramectin in the serum of steers treated at 200 microg/kg/d reached a maximum of 104.0 +/- 22.1 ppb at day 21 and declined from 93.3 +/- 20.5 ppb on the final day of treatment to below detectable by day 56. Steers treated at 50 microg/kg/d reached a maximum level of doramectin in the serum of 24.7 +/- 1.2 ppb on day 21 and declined from 24.7 +/- 0.6 ppb on the final day of treatment to less than detectable on day 42. Both doramectin dosages provided 100% control of estimated larvae (EL) of Amblyomma americanum (L.) (Acari: Ixodidae) throughout the 28-d treatment period. Daily oral treatment with eprinomectin at a dosage of 200 microg/kg for 28 consecutive days produced a maximum concentration in the serum of 41.6 +/- 11.0 ppb at day 14. On the final day of eprinomectin treatment, the serum concentration was 38.3 +/- 5.9 ppb. Seven days later at day 35, eprinomectin was not detectable in the serum. For steers treated at 50 microg/kg/d for 28 consecutive days, the serum level of eprinomectin reached a maximum of 10.0 +/- 3.0 ppb on day 28 and was undetectable on day 35. Both eprinomectin dosages provided complete control of EL of A. americanum during the 28-d treatment period. Because eprinomectin is efficacious against A. americanum at lower serum levels in cattle and is eliminated from the serum at a more rapid rate than either doramectin or ivermectin, it provides advantages for use in applications such as the medicated bait for control of ticks on white-tailed deer and could have potential for use in the Cattle Fever Tick Eradication Program. JF - Journal of economic entomology AU - Lohmeyer, K H AU - Miller, J A AU - Pound, J M AU - Oehler, D D AD - USDA-ARS, Knipling-Bushland U.S. Livestock Insects Research Laboratory, 2700 Fredericksburg Road, Kerrville, TX 78028, USA. kim.lohmeyer@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - April 2009 SP - 809 EP - 814 VL - 102 IS - 2 SN - 0022-0493, 0022-0493 KW - Insecticides KW - 0 KW - Ivermectin KW - 70288-86-7 KW - eprinomectin KW - 75KP30FD8O KW - doramectin KW - KGD7A54H5P KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cattle KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Time Factors KW - Ixodidae -- drug effects KW - Ivermectin -- analogs & derivatives KW - Ivermectin -- pharmacology KW - Tick Infestations -- veterinary KW - Tick Infestations -- prevention & control KW - Cattle Diseases -- prevention & control KW - Insecticides -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67246899?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+economic+entomology&rft.atitle=Efficacy+of+eprinomectin+and+doramectin+against+Amblyomma+americanum+%28Acari%3A+Ixodidae%29+on+cattle.&rft.au=Lohmeyer%2C+K+H%3BMiller%2C+J+A%3BPound%2C+J+M%3BOehler%2C+D+D&rft.aulast=Lohmeyer&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=809&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+economic+entomology&rft.issn=00220493&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-06-09 N1 - Date created - 2009-05-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biological control of aflatoxin contamination in corn using a nontoxigenic strain of Aspergillus flavus. AN - 67222937; 19435229 AB - A 2-year study was conducted to determine the efficacy of different applications of a nontoxigenic strain of Aspergillus flavus for reducing aflatoxin contamination in corn. Treatments consisted of the nontoxigenic strain in the form of (i) conidia-coated hulled barley applied to soil when corn was about 0.8 m tall, (ii) conidia-coated hulled barley applied in plant whorls prior to tasseling, (iii) multiple applications of a spray formulation of conidia during silking, and (iv) untreated control. Treatments were replicated eight times in individual plots consisting of four rows of 18 m each. In year 1, no significant differences were associated with treatments for aflatoxin, total A. flavus colonization, or incidence of nontoxigenic isolates of A. flavus in corn, which were all relatively high, ranging from 83.8 to 93.1%. In year 2, the whorl application produced a significantly lower mean aflatoxin concentration of 49.5 ppb compared with all other treatments, while both the soil (108.3 ppb) and spray applications (173.7 ppb) were significantly reduced compared with the control (191.6 ppb). The whorl application was the only treatment that had a significantly higher incidence (86.5%) of nontoxigenic isolates of A. flavus than the control had, which was still relatively high at 69.1%. Data indicated that applications of the nontoxigenic strain influenced untreated corn, thus reducing the apparent effect of the biocontrol treatments. Larger-scale studies with greater separation between treated and untreated fields are warranted. JF - Journal of food protection AU - Dorner, Joe W AD - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Station, National Peanut Research Laboratory, 1011 Forrester Drive S.E., Dawson, Georgia 39842, USA. Joe.Dorner@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - April 2009 SP - 801 EP - 804 VL - 72 IS - 4 SN - 0362-028X, 0362-028X KW - Aflatoxins KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Pest Control, Biological KW - Zea mays -- microbiology KW - Zea mays -- chemistry KW - Aspergillus flavus -- physiology KW - Aflatoxins -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67222937?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.atitle=Biological+control+of+aflatoxin+contamination+in+corn+using+a+nontoxigenic+strain+of+Aspergillus+flavus.&rft.au=Dorner%2C+Joe+W&rft.aulast=Dorner&rft.aufirst=Joe&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=801&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.issn=0362028X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-07-14 N1 - Date created - 2009-05-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ultraviolet light (254 nm) inactivation of Listeria monocytogenes on frankfurters that contain potassium lactate and sodium diacetate. AN - 67167268; 19397726 AB - Listeria monocytogenes, a psychrotrophic foodborne pathogen, is an occasional postprocess contaminant on ready-to-eat meat (RTE) products including frankfurters. Ultraviolet C light (UVC) is an FDA-approved technology for the decontamination of food surfaces. In this study, the ability of UVC to inactivate L. monocytogenes on frankfurters that contained potassium lactate (PL) and sodium diacetate (SDA), either before or after packaging, was investigated. UVC irradiation of frankfurters that were surface-inoculated with L. monocytogenes resulted in a 1.31, 1.49, and 1.93 log reduction at doses of 1, 2, and 4 J/cm(2), respectively. UVC treatment had no effect on frankfurter color or texture at UVC doses up to 4 J/cm(2). Frankfurter meat treated with UVC doses up to 16 J/cm(2) did not increase mutagenesis in bacterial or human cells, either with or without exogenous metabolic activation. UVC treatment of single-layer frankfurter packs at a dose of 2 J/cm(2) resulted in a 0.97 (+/- 0.14) log reduction of L. monocytogenes. Following 8 wk of refrigerated storage L. monocytogenes levels decreased by only 0.65 log in non-UVC-treated frankfurter packs compared with 2.5 log in the UVC-treated packs. Because the numbers of L. monocytogenes associated with contaminations of ready-to-eat meats are typically very low, the use of UVC in combination with potassium lactate and sodium diacetate has the potential to reduce the number of frankfurter recalls and foodborne illness outbreaks. JF - Journal of food science AU - Sommers, C H AU - Cooke, P H AU - Fan, X AU - Sites, J E AD - Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038, USA. Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - April 2009 SP - M114 EP - M119 VL - 74 IS - 3 KW - Lactates KW - 0 KW - Sodium Acetate KW - 4550K0SC9B KW - Index Medicus KW - Microscopy, Confocal KW - Animals KW - Colony Count, Microbial KW - Cold Temperature KW - Time Factors KW - Food Preservation KW - Food Packaging KW - Microscopy, Electron, Scanning KW - Meat Products -- radiation effects KW - Ultraviolet Rays KW - Food Microbiology KW - Meat Products -- microbiology KW - Listeria monocytogenes -- radiation effects KW - Lactates -- analysis KW - Sodium Acetate -- analysis KW - Meat Products -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67167268?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+food+science&rft.atitle=Ultraviolet+light+%28254+nm%29+inactivation+of+Listeria+monocytogenes+on+frankfurters+that+contain+potassium+lactate+and+sodium+diacetate.&rft.au=Sommers%2C+C+H%3BCooke%2C+P+H%3BFan%2C+X%3BSites%2C+J+E&rft.aulast=Sommers&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=M114&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+food+science&rft.issn=1750-3841&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1750-3841.2009.01081.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-08-03 N1 - Date created - 2009-04-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2009.01081.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inactivation of Listeria innocua on frankfurters by ultraviolet light and flash pasteurization. AN - 67167251; 19397730 AB - Listeria monocytogenes, a psychrotrophic foodborne pathogen, is a recurring postprocess contaminant on ready-to-eat meat (RTE) products including frankfurters. Flash (Steam) Pasteurization (FP) and ultraviolet light (254 nm-UVC) has been shown to reduce levels of L. monocytogenes and L. innocua on frankfurters. In this study, the use of UVC light followed by FP to inactivate L. innocua, a nonpathogenic surrogate for L.monocytogenes, on frankfurters that contained sodium diacetate and potassium lactate (SDA/PL) in a pilot-plant setting was investigated. Application of UVC (1.0 J/cm2), followed by FP (0.75 s steam/121 degrees C) resulted in inactivation of 3.19 log L. innocua, while application of UVC (4.0 J/cm2), followed by FP (3 s steam/121 degrees C) resulted in inactivation of 3.89 log of L. innocua. A refrigerated storage study (8 degrees C) of frankfurters that contained SDA/PL that were treated with UVC followed by FP revealed the growth of L. innocua was inhibited for approximately 8 wk following application of the interventions. The use of UVC in combination with FP had little effect on frankfurter color and texture. The combination of UVC, FP, and SDA/PL was found to be an effective hurdle process for decontamination of frankfurter surfaces. JF - Journal of food science AU - Sommers, C H AU - Geveke, D J AU - Pulsfus, S AU - Lemmenes, B AD - Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038, USA. christopher.sommers@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - April 2009 SP - M138 EP - M141 VL - 74 IS - 3 KW - Lactates KW - 0 KW - Steam KW - Sodium Acetate KW - 4550K0SC9B KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cold Temperature KW - Lactates -- analysis KW - Sodium Acetate -- analysis KW - Time Factors KW - Ultraviolet Rays KW - Food Microbiology KW - Meat Products -- microbiology KW - Listeria -- drug effects KW - Food Preservation -- methods KW - Listeria -- growth & development KW - Meat Products -- analysis KW - Listeria -- radiation effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67167251?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+food+science&rft.atitle=Inactivation+of+Listeria+innocua+on+frankfurters+by+ultraviolet+light+and+flash+pasteurization.&rft.au=Sommers%2C+C+H%3BGeveke%2C+D+J%3BPulsfus%2C+S%3BLemmenes%2C+B&rft.aulast=Sommers&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=M138&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+food+science&rft.issn=1750-3841&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1750-3841.2009.01107.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-08-03 N1 - Date created - 2009-04-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2009.01107.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Clonality and antibiotic susceptibility of Yersinia enterocolitica isolated from U.S. market weight hogs. AN - 67117628; 19278339 AB - Pigs are the only known animal reservoir of Yersinia enterocolitica strains pathogenic to humans. In this study 106 ail-positive pathogenic Y. enterocolitica isolates, previously recovered from 2793 swine fecal samples (3.8%) collected during National Animal Health Monitoring System's Swine 2000 study, were examined. The presence of the previously described virulence plasmid, expression of plasmid-associated virulence determinants, and serotype were correlated with genotype, expression of YopE protein, and antibiotic susceptibility. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis using the enzyme XbaI showed that O:3 and O:5 isolates were highly clonal within a serotype regardless of geographic origin. Antimicrobial resistance profiles of 106 isolates of serotypes O:3 and O:5 were evaluated by agar disk diffusion methodology to 16 different antibiotics. All isolates were susceptible to 13 of the 16 tested antimicrobials; resistance was noted to ampicillin, cephalothin, and tetracycline. The presence of the ail gene, virulence plasmid, the expression of virulence determinants, and serotypes indicate that these isolates from U.S. swine are potentially capable of causing human foodborne illness. JF - Foodborne pathogens and disease AU - Bhaduri, Saumya AU - Wesley, Irene AU - Richards, Harry AU - Draughon, Ann AU - Wallace, Morgan AD - Eastern Regional Research Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Wyndmoor, Pennsylvania 19038, USA. saumya.bhaduri@.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - April 2009 SP - 351 EP - 356 VL - 6 IS - 3 KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents KW - 0 KW - Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins KW - Virulence Factors KW - yopE protein, Yersinia KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Genotype KW - Feces -- microbiology KW - Animals KW - Food Microbiology KW - Plasmids -- genetics KW - Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins -- genetics KW - Yersinia Infections -- transmission KW - Gene Expression KW - Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field KW - Serotyping KW - Virulence Factors -- genetics KW - Swine -- microbiology KW - Drug Resistance, Bacterial KW - Yersinia enterocolitica -- drug effects KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents -- pharmacology KW - Yersinia enterocolitica -- genetics KW - Yersinia enterocolitica -- classification KW - Yersinia enterocolitica -- pathogenicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67117628?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Foodborne+pathogens+and+disease&rft.atitle=Clonality+and+antibiotic+susceptibility+of+Yersinia+enterocolitica+isolated+from+U.S.+market+weight+hogs.&rft.au=Bhaduri%2C+Saumya%3BWesley%2C+Irene%3BRichards%2C+Harry%3BDraughon%2C+Ann%3BWallace%2C+Morgan&rft.aulast=Bhaduri&rft.aufirst=Saumya&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=351&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Foodborne+pathogens+and+disease&rft.issn=1556-7125&rft_id=info:doi/10.1089%2Ffpd.2008.0197 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-07-30 N1 - Date created - 2009-04-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2008.0197 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nutrient supplements and cardiovascular disease: a heartbreaking story. AN - 67114122; 18997166 AB - Observational data have identified associations between carotenoids, folic acid, and vitamin E, or metabolites altered by these nutrients, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Despite biological plausibility, for the most part, data derived from nutrient supplement trials using moderate to high doses of single nutrients or nutrient combinations (exceeding amounts to avoid nutrient deficiency) have been disappointing. The data for vitamin D is not yet adequate to evaluate; observational data suggest were a relationship to exist it would be related to nutrient insufficiency. There is some evidence that use of nutrient supplements intended to decrease CVD risk has resulted in unanticipated adverse consequences. Potential discrepancies between observational and interventional data include concerns of residual confounding by diet and lifestyle patterns, publication bias against studies with null or negative outcomes, reliance on secondary rather than primary prevention trials, and unaccounted for contribution of genotypic variations. At this time there are insufficient data to recommend the routine use of nutrient supplements to prevent or treat CVD. In the recent past we have learned a great deal about anticipated and unanticipated consequences of nutrient supplementation and cardiovascular outcomes. As a result, we are in a better position to adjudicate new potential relationships as data emerge. JF - Journal of lipid research AU - Lichtenstein, Alice H AD - Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging Tufts University, Boston MA 02111, USA. Alice.Lichtenstein@Tufts.edu Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - April 2009 SP - S429 EP - S433 VL - 50 Suppl SN - 0022-2275, 0022-2275 KW - Vitamin D KW - 1406-16-2 KW - Vitamin E KW - 1406-18-4 KW - Folic Acid KW - 935E97BOY8 KW - Index Medicus KW - Vitamin D -- pharmacology KW - Humans KW - Vitamin D -- adverse effects KW - Folic Acid -- pharmacology KW - Vitamin E -- pharmacology KW - Vitamin E -- adverse effects KW - Folic Acid -- adverse effects KW - Dietary Supplements -- adverse effects KW - Health KW - Cardiovascular Diseases -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67114122?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+lipid+research&rft.atitle=Nutrient+supplements+and+cardiovascular+disease%3A+a+heartbreaking+story.&rft.au=Lichtenstein%2C+Alice+H&rft.aulast=Lichtenstein&rft.aufirst=Alice&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=50+Suppl&rft.issue=&rft.spage=S429&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+lipid+research&rft.issn=00222275&rft_id=info:doi/10.1194%2Fjlr.R800027-JLR200 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-06-05 N1 - Date created - 2009-04-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: JAMA. 2008 Aug 20;300(7):795-804 [18714059] Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1989;570:254-67 [2698107] J Am Coll Nutr. 1992 Apr;11(2):131-8 [1578087] JAMA. 1992 Aug 19;268(7):877-81 [1640615] J Lipid Res. 1992 Jun;33(6):899-906 [1512513] Exp Mol Pathol. 1992 Aug;57(1):70-83 [1397193] Arterioscler Thromb. 1993 Apr;13(4):590-600 [8466894] N Engl J Med. 1993 May 20;328(20):1444-9 [8479463] N Engl J Med. 1993 May 20;328(20):1450-6 [8479464] Ann Epidemiol. 1994 Jan;4(1):1-10 [8205268] Am J Epidemiol. 1994 Jun 15;139(12):1180-9 [8209876] Atherosclerosis. 1994 Mar;106(1):9-19 [8018111] Stroke. 1994 Oct;25(10):1924-30 [8091435] J Am Diet Assoc. 1995 Aug;95(8):921-3 [7636088] JAMA. 1996 Mar 6;275(9):699-703 [8594267] Lancet. 1996 Mar 23;347(9004):781-6 [8622332] N Engl J Med. 1996 May 2;334(18):1145-9 [8602179] N Engl J Med. 1996 May 2;334(18):1150-5 [8602180] N Engl J Med. 1996 May 2;334(18):1156-62 [8602181] Ann Intern Med. 2005 Jan 4;142(1):37-46 [15537682] N Engl J Med. 2005 Mar 31;352(13):1293-304 [15753114] Am J Transplant. 2005 Sep;5(9):2258-64 [16095507] J Thromb Haemost. 2005 Aug;3(8):1646-54 [16102030] Br J Nutr. 2005 Oct;94(4):483-92 [16197570] Lancet. 2005 Nov 12;366(9498):1679-81 [16291049] J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006 Mar 21;47(6):1108-16 [16545638] N Engl J Med. 2006 Apr 13;354(15):1567-77 [16531613] N Engl J Med. 2006 Apr 13;354(15):1578-88 [16531614] Lancet. 2000 Oct 7;356(9237):1213-8 [11072938] Eur J Epidemiol. 2001;17(6):567-71 [11949730] JAMA. 2002 Aug 28;288(8):973-9 [12190367] Pharmacol Rev. 2002 Dec;54(4):599-618 [12429870] Am J Clin Nutr. 2006 Jun;83(6):1265-71 [16762935] Am J Clin Nutr. 2006 Oct;84(4):880-7; quiz 954-5 [17023716] Am J Clin Nutr. 2006 Nov;84(5):1200-7 [17093175] Am J Clin Nutr. 2007 Jan;85(1):277S-279S [17209209] Am J Clin Nutr. 2007 Jan;85(1):280S-284S [17209210] JAMA. 2008 Nov 12;300(18):2123-33 [18997197] Lancet. 2003 Jun 14;361(9374):2017-23 [12814711] JAMA. 2003 Jul 23;290(4):516-23 [12876095] J Am Soc Nephrol. 2004 Feb;15(2):420-6 [14747389] JAMA. 2004 Feb 4;291(5):565-75 [14762035] Int J Cardiol. 2004 Feb;93(2-3):175-9 [14975544] N Engl J Med. 2004 Jun 24;350(26):2673-81 [15215483] Eur Heart J. 2004 Jul;25(13):1171-8 [15231376] Am J Pathol. 1969 Jul;56(1):111-28 [5792556] N Engl J Med. 1974 Sep 12;291(11):537-43 [4212055] J Clin Invest. 1976 Sep;58(3):731-41 [821969] Horm Metab Res. 1978 Nov;10(6):553-6 [744575] Br Med J. 1979 Jul 21;2(6183):176 [466339] J Am Diet Assoc. 1987 Jun;87(6):754-60 [3584757] Chem Phys Lipids. 1987 Nov-Dec;45(2-4):315-36 [3319231] Arch Biochem Biophys. 1989 Nov 1;274(2):532-8 [2802626] Circulation. 2007 Feb 20;115(7):827-8 [17309931] Circulation. 2007 Feb 20;115(7):846-54 [17309935] JAMA. 2007 Feb 28;297(8):842-57 [17327526] Diab Vasc Dis Res. 2007 Jun;4(2):143-50 [17654449] JAMA. 2007 Sep 12;298(10):1163-70 [17848650] Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2008 Jan;11(1):7-12 [18090651] Circulation. 2008 Jan 29;117(4):503-11 [18180395] Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2007 Dec;9(6):508-14 [18377792] JAMA. 2008 May 7;299(17):2027-36 [18460663] Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008 Jun;28(6):1179-85 [18417640] Arch Intern Med. 2008 Jun 9;168(11):1174-80 [18541825] Arch Intern Med. 2008 Jun 23;168(12):1340-9 [18574092] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1194/jlr.R800027-JLR200 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structure-activity relationship studies on the mosquito toxicity and biting deterrency of callicarpenal derivatives. AN - 67113638; 19353538 AB - Callicarpenal (=13,14,15,16-tetranorclerod-3-en-12-al=[(1S,2R,4aR,8aR)-1,2,3,4,4a,7,8,8a-octahydro-1,2,4a,5-tetramethylnaphthalen-1-yl]acetaldehyde; 1) has previously demonstrated significant mosquito bite-deterring activity against Aedes aegypti and Anopheles stephensi in addition to repellent activity against host-seeking nymphs of the blacklegged tick, Ixodes scapularis. In the present study, structural modifications were performed on callicarpenal (1) in an effort to understand the functional groups necessary for maintaining and/or increasing its activity and to possibly lead to more effective insect control agents. All modifications in this study targeted the C(12) aldehyde or the C(3) alkene functionalities or combinations thereof. Mosquito biting deterrency appeared to be influenced most by C(3) alkene modification as evidenced by catalytic hydrogenation that resulted in a compound having significantly less effectiveness than 1 at a test amount of 25 nmol/cm2. Oxidation and/or reduction of the C(12) aldehyde did not diminish mosquito biting deterrency, but, at the same time, none of the modifications were more effective than 1 in deterring mosquito biting. Toxicities of synthesized compounds towards Ae. aegypti ranged from an LD50 value of 2.36 to 40.11 microg per mosquito. Similarly, LD95 values ranged from a low of 5.59 to a high of 104.9 microg. JF - Chemistry & biodiversity AU - Cantrell, Charles L AU - Klun, Jerome A AU - Pridgeon, Julia AU - Becnel, James AU - Green, Solomon AU - Fronczek, Frank R AD - USDA-ARS, Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, University, MS 38677, USA. charles.cantrell@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - April 2009 SP - 447 EP - 458 VL - 6 IS - 4 KW - Insect Repellents KW - 0 KW - Terpenes KW - callicarpenal KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Insect Bites and Stings KW - Crystallography, X-Ray KW - Molecular Conformation KW - Female KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Terpenes -- toxicity KW - Anopheles -- drug effects KW - Aedes -- drug effects KW - Terpenes -- chemistry KW - Insect Repellents -- chemistry KW - Terpenes -- pharmacology KW - Insect Repellents -- toxicity KW - Insect Repellents -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67113638?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemistry+%26+biodiversity&rft.atitle=Structure-activity+relationship+studies+on+the+mosquito+toxicity+and+biting+deterrency+of+callicarpenal+derivatives.&rft.au=Cantrell%2C+Charles+L%3BKlun%2C+Jerome+A%3BPridgeon%2C+Julia%3BBecnel%2C+James%3BGreen%2C+Solomon%3BFronczek%2C+Frank+R&rft.aulast=Cantrell&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=447&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemistry+%26+biodiversity&rft.issn=1612-1880&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fcbdv.200800291 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-06-23 N1 - Date created - 2009-04-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbdv.200800291 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Folate, cancer risk, and the Greek god, Proteus: a tale of two chameleons. AN - 67096614; 19335714 AB - Evidence indicates that an abundant intake of foodstuffs rich in folate conveys protection against the development of colorectal cancer, and perhaps some other common cancers as well. The issue is complex, however, since some observations in animal and human studies demonstrate that an overly abundant intake of folate among those who harbor existing foci of neoplasia might instead produce a paradoxical promotion of tumorigenesis. The pharmaceutical form of the vitamin, folic acid, might affect the process in a manner that is distinct from natural forms of the vitamin, although this remains a speculative concept. Our limited understanding of this complex relationship is impeding efforts to move ahead with widespread folic acid fortification, but this delay may be necessary to ensure that such programs are instituted in a safe manner. JF - Nutrition reviews AU - Mason, Joel B AD - USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, USA. joel.mason@tufts.edu Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - April 2009 SP - 206 EP - 212 VL - 67 IS - 4 KW - Vitamin B Complex KW - 12001-76-2 KW - Folic Acid KW - 935E97BOY8 KW - Index Medicus KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Dietary Supplements KW - Vitamin B Complex -- administration & dosage KW - Colorectal Neoplasms -- etiology KW - Vitamin B Complex -- adverse effects KW - Colorectal Neoplasms -- prevention & control KW - Folic Acid -- adverse effects KW - Folic Acid -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67096614?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nutrition+reviews&rft.atitle=Folate%2C+cancer+risk%2C+and+the+Greek+god%2C+Proteus%3A+a+tale+of+two+chameleons.&rft.au=Mason%2C+Joel+B&rft.aulast=Mason&rft.aufirst=Joel&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=206&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nutrition+reviews&rft.issn=1753-4887&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1753-4887.2009.00190.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-07-08 N1 - Date created - 2009-04-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Clin Invest. 1948 Jul;27(4):539 [18935160] Am J Clin Nutr. 2008 Sep;88(3):763-8 [18779294] JAMA. 2008 Dec 3;300(21):2486-7 [19050191] Br J Nutr. 2009 Jul;102(2):173-80 [19079944] Cancer Res. 2000 Jun 15;60(12):3191-9 [10866310] Clin Chem. 2000 Aug;46(8 Pt 1):1065-71 [10926884] Cancer Res. 2000 Oct 1;60(19):5434-40 [11034085] Carcinogenesis. 2000 Dec;21(12):2261-5 [11133816] J Nutr. 2002 Aug;132(8 Suppl):2350S-2355S [12163691] J Nutr. 2002 Aug;132(8 Suppl):2413S-2418S [12163703] J Natl Cancer Inst. 2003 Mar 5;95(5):373-80 [12618502] J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2003 May 5;788(1):187-91 [12668084] Eur J Clin Nutr. 2003 Jun;57(6):777-85 [12792662] J Nutr. 2004 Apr;134(4):750-5 [15051821] Environ Mol Mutagen. 2004;44(1):10-25 [15199543] Am J Epidemiol. 2004 Aug 15;160(4):339-49 [15286019] J Nutr. 2004 Sep;134(9):2475S-2481S [15333745] Am J Clin Nutr. 1994 Jul;60(1):2-11 [8017332] Dis Colon Rectum. 1994 Dec;37(12):1340-1 [7995171] J Nutr. 1996 Apr;126(4 Suppl):1258S-65S [8642467] Anal Biochem. 1996 Jul 1;238(2):179-83 [8660608] Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 1996 May;5(5):355-60 [9162301] Gut. 1996 Nov;39(5):732-40 [9014775] Am J Surg. 1997 Oct;174(4):425-30 [9337168] Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 1999 Mar;8(3):209-17 [10090298] N Engl J Med. 1999 May 13;340(19):1449-54 [10320382] Int J Cancer. 2005 Feb 20;113(5):825-8 [15499620] Alcohol. 2005 Apr;35(3):235-41 [16054985] Carcinogenesis. 2005 Sep;26(9):1603-12 [15888495] J Nutr. 2006 Jan;136(1):189-94 [16365081] Br J Nutr. 2006 Jan;95(1):145-51 [16441927] Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2006 Mar;15(3):443-8 [16537699] Am J Clin Nutr. 2006 Apr;83(4):895-904 [16600944] N Engl J Med. 2006 Apr 13;354(15):1567-77 [16531613] N Engl J Med. 2006 Apr 13;354(15):1578-88 [16531614] Gut. 2006 Oct;55(10):1387-9 [16966698] J Nutr. 2006 Oct;136(10):2653-61 [16988141] Gastroenterology. 2006 Oct;131(4):1271-83 [17030196] J Natl Cancer Inst. 2006 Nov 15;98(22):1607-22 [17105984] J Natl Cancer Inst. 2007 Jan 3;99(1):64-76 [17202114] BMC Public Health. 2007;7:41 [17378936] JAMA. 2007 Jun 6;297(21):2351-9 [17551129] BMJ. 2007 Jun 16;334(7606):1252 [17569931] Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2007 Jul;16(7):1325-9 [17626997] J Nutr. 2007 Dec;137(12):2701-8 [18029487] Blood. 1949 Feb;4(2):160-7 [18107667] Gastroenterology. 2008 Jan;134(1):29-38 [18022173] JAMA. 2008 Mar 5;299(9):1027-35 [18319413] Endoscopy. 2008 Apr;40(4):284-90 [18389446] Int J Cancer. 2008 Aug 1;123(3):519-25 [18498130] World J Gastroenterol. 2008 Jul 28;14(28):4492-8 [18680228] JAMA. 2008 Aug 20;300(7):795-804 [18714059] JAMA. 2008 Nov 5;300(17):2012-21 [18984888] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-4887.2009.00190.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of larkspur (Delphinium barbeyi) on heart rate and electrically evoked electromyographic response of the external anal sphincter in cattle. AN - 67095763; 19335112 AB - OBJECTIVE-To determine whether larkspur-derived N-(methylsuccinimido) anthranoyllycoctonine (MSAL)-type alkaloids alter heart rate and electrically evoked electromyographic (eEMG) response of the external anal sphincter (EAS) in cattle and whether these effects can be reversed by acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. ANIMALS-12 beef heifers and 4 cows. PROCEDURES-3 or 4 heifers were used in 1 or 2 of 7 dose-response experiments; heart rate and EAS eEMG response were assessed before and 24 hours after oral treatment with larkspur (doses equivalent to 0.5 to 15 mg of MSAL-type alkaloids/kg). In 3 subsequent experiments, 3 heifers (1 of which was replaced with another heifer in the control experiment) each received 10 mg of MSAL-type alkaloids/kg and were injected IV with physostigmine (0.04 mg/kg), neostigmine (0.04 mg/kg), or saline (0.9% NaCl) solution 24 hours later, prior to assessment. Additionally, EAS eEMG response was measured in 4 cows before and after epidural administration of 2% lidocaine hydrochloride. RESULTS-Larkspur-treated heifers developed dose-related increases in heart rate and decreases in EAS eEMG response. Twenty-four hours after administration of MSAL-type alkaloids, neostigmine decreased heart rate but did not affect eEMG response, whereas physostigmine did not affect heart rate but caused a 2-fold increase in eEMG response. In cows, epidural anesthesia did not alter eEMG response, suggesting that transdermal stimulation of the EAS pudendal innervation did not occur. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE-In cattle, cardiac effects and muscle weakness or loss of EAS eEMG response induced by larkspur-derived MSAL-type alkaloids were reversed by neostigmine or physostigmine, respectively. Treatment with anticholinesterase inhibitors may alter the clinical effects of larkspur poisoning in cattle. JF - American journal of veterinary research AU - Green, Benedict T AU - Pfister, James A AU - Cook, Daniel AU - Welch, Kevin D AU - Stegelmeier, Bryan L AU - Lee, Stephen T AU - Gardner, Dale R AU - Knoppel, Edward L AU - Panter, Kip E AD - USDA Agricultural Research Service, Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, 1150 E 1400 N, Logan, UT 84321, USA. Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - April 2009 SP - 539 EP - 546 VL - 70 IS - 4 SN - 0002-9645, 0002-9645 KW - Alkaloids KW - 0 KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors KW - Plant Extracts KW - Neostigmine KW - 3982TWQ96G KW - Physostigmine KW - 9U1VM840SP KW - Index Medicus KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors -- pharmacology KW - Neostigmine -- pharmacology KW - Animals KW - Alkaloids -- chemistry KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Physostigmine -- pharmacology KW - Alkaloids -- toxicity KW - Electromyography KW - Female KW - Electromagnetic Phenomena KW - Anal Canal -- drug effects KW - Evoked Potentials -- drug effects KW - Cattle -- physiology KW - Anal Canal -- physiology KW - Heart Rate -- drug effects KW - Delphinium -- toxicity KW - Plant Extracts -- toxicity KW - Plant Extracts -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67095763?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+veterinary+research&rft.atitle=Effects+of+larkspur+%28Delphinium+barbeyi%29+on+heart+rate+and+electrically+evoked+electromyographic+response+of+the+external+anal+sphincter+in+cattle.&rft.au=Green%2C+Benedict+T%3BPfister%2C+James+A%3BCook%2C+Daniel%3BWelch%2C+Kevin+D%3BStegelmeier%2C+Bryan+L%3BLee%2C+Stephen+T%3BGardner%2C+Dale+R%3BKnoppel%2C+Edward+L%3BPanter%2C+Kip+E&rft.aulast=Green&rft.aufirst=Benedict&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=539&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+veterinary+research&rft.issn=00029645&rft_id=info:doi/10.2460%2Fajvr.70.4.539 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-05-29 N1 - Date created - 2009-04-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.70.4.539 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In vivo expansion of the mammary stem/ progenitor cell population by xanthosine infusion. AN - 67087884; 19176874 AB - Mammary stem cells provide for growth and maintenance of the mammary gland and are therefore of considerable interest as determinants of productivity and efficiency of dairy animals and as targets of carcinogenesis in humans. Xanthosine treatment was previously shown to promote expansion of hepatic stem cells in vitro. The objective of this study was to determine if in vivo treatment with xanthosine can increase the mammary stem cell population. Xanthosine was infused into the right mammary glands of four female Holstein calves for 5 consecutive days. Immediately after each xanthosine treatment, calves were injected intravenously with 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU). Forty days after the final treatment, calves were euthanized and mammary tissue harvested. BrdU-label retaining epithelial cells (LREC) were detected immunohistochemically and quantified. Retention of BrdU was used as a marker for putative bovine mammary stem cells. Infusion of xanthosine into the bovine mammary gland significantly increased the number of LREC in treated glands compared to contralateral control glands (P < 0.05). LREC averaged 0.4% of epithelial cells in control glands and 0.8% in xanthosine-treated glands. The increase in LREC in xanthosine-treated glands was supported by a concomitant increase in telomerase activity (P < 0.01) and a correlation between LREC and telomerase (P < 0.05; r (2) = 0.7). Data indicate that in vivo treatment with xanthosine can be used to increase the number of mammary stem cells. This is the first demonstration of an in vivo treatment to increase the endogenous population of mammary stem cells, with utility for biomedical research and dairy management. JF - Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) AU - Capuco, Anthony V AU - Evock-Clover, Christina M AU - Minuti, Andrea AU - Wood, David L AD - Bovine Functional Genomics Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705. tony.capuco@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - April 2009 SP - 475 EP - 482 VL - 234 IS - 4 SN - 1535-3702, 1535-3702 KW - Ribonucleosides KW - 0 KW - xanthosine KW - BM66HT53C3 KW - Bromodeoxyuridine KW - G34N38R2N1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cattle KW - Immunohistochemistry KW - Female KW - Stem Cells -- drug effects KW - Cell Proliferation -- drug effects KW - Stem Cells -- cytology KW - Mammary Glands, Animal -- drug effects KW - Ribonucleosides -- pharmacology KW - Mammary Glands, Animal -- cytology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67087884?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Experimental+biology+and+medicine+%28Maywood%2C+N.J.%29&rft.atitle=In+vivo+expansion+of+the+mammary+stem%2F+progenitor+cell+population+by+xanthosine+infusion.&rft.au=Capuco%2C+Anthony+V%3BEvock-Clover%2C+Christina+M%3BMinuti%2C+Andrea%3BWood%2C+David+L&rft.aulast=Capuco&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=234&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=475&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Experimental+biology+and+medicine+%28Maywood%2C+N.J.%29&rft.issn=15353702&rft_id=info:doi/10.3181%2F0811-RM-320 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-06-24 N1 - Date created - 2009-03-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3181/0811-RM-320 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mississippi oxbow lake sediment quality during an artificial flood. AN - 67061046; 19183821 AB - Surface sediment quality was assessed during a 35-day artificial flood in a shallow (85% throughout this study. However, growth was affected at three sites during flooding with limited growth recovery after flooding. Patterns in observed growth impairment were associated with changes in atrazine (R(2)=0.524) and fipronil sulfone (R(2)=0.584) concentrations. JF - Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology AU - Knight, S S AU - Lizotte, R E AU - Moore, M T AU - Smith, S AU - Shields, F D AD - USDA-ARS National Sedimentation Laboratory, P.O. Box 1157, Oxford, MS 38655, USA. scott.knight@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - April 2009 SP - 496 EP - 500 VL - 82 IS - 4 KW - Acetamides KW - 0 KW - Pesticide Residues KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Atrazine KW - QJA9M5H4IM KW - metolachlor KW - X0I01K05X2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Animals KW - Fresh Water -- chemistry KW - Acetamides -- analysis KW - Floods KW - Mississippi KW - Biological Assay KW - Atrazine -- analysis KW - Geologic Sediments -- chemistry KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Pesticide Residues -- analysis KW - Amphipoda -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67061046?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.atitle=Mississippi+oxbow+lake+sediment+quality+during+an+artificial+flood.&rft.au=Knight%2C+S+S%3BLizotte%2C+R+E%3BMoore%2C+M+T%3BSmith%2C+S%3BShields%2C+F+D&rft.aulast=Knight&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=496&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.issn=1432-0800&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00128-009-9653-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-05-12 N1 - Date created - 2009-03-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00128-009-9653-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acute toxicity of peracetic acid (PAA) formulations to Ichthyophthirius multifiliis theronts. AN - 67043842; 19221794 AB - Peracetic acid (PAA) is an antimicrobial disinfectant used in agriculture, food processing, and medical facilities. It has recently been suggested as a means to control infestations of Ichthyophthirius multifiliis. The purpose of this study was to determine the acute toxicity of two products containing 4.5% and 40% PAA to I. multifiliis theronts from two geographically separate isolates. Theronts were exposed to concentrations of PAA in 96-well plates containing groundwater at 23 degrees C. Acute toxicity was observed over a 4-h period. No significant difference in the median lethal concentration (LC(50)) estimates was evident between the two isolates at 4 h with the 4.5% PAA product (0.146 versus 0.108 mg/l PAA), while there was a statistical difference between the 4 h LC(50) with the 40% PAA product (0.274 versus 0.158 mg/l PAA). These results suggest that PAA is toxic to I. multifiliis theronts at low concentrations and that one of the isolates was more resistant to this compound. JF - Parasitology research AU - Straus, David L AU - Meinelt, Thomas AD - USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Harry K. Dupree-Stuttgart National Aquaculture Research Center, P.O. Box 1050, Stuttgart, AR 72160, USA. Dave.Straus@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - April 2009 SP - 1237 EP - 1241 VL - 104 IS - 5 KW - Antiprotozoal Agents KW - 0 KW - Peracetic Acid KW - I6KPI2E1HD KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Lethal Dose 50 KW - Fishes -- parasitology KW - Cell Survival KW - Antiprotozoal Agents -- pharmacology KW - Hymenostomatida -- drug effects KW - Hymenostomatida -- isolation & purification KW - Peracetic Acid -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67043842?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Parasitology+research&rft.atitle=Acute+toxicity+of+peracetic+acid+%28PAA%29+formulations+to+Ichthyophthirius+multifiliis+theronts.&rft.au=Straus%2C+David+L%3BMeinelt%2C+Thomas&rft.aulast=Straus&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1237&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Parasitology+research&rft.issn=1432-1955&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00436-009-1361-9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-07-10 N1 - Date created - 2009-03-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-009-1361-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of beer, wine, and liquor intakes on bone mineral density in older men and women. AN - 67042967; 19244365 AB - Moderate intake of alcohol has been reported to have beneficial effects on bone. However, different classes of alcoholic beverages have not been investigated. Our aim was to determine the association between intake of total alcohol or individual alcoholic beverages and bone mineral density (BMD). Adjusting for potential confounding factors, we examined alcohol intakes and BMD at 3 hip sites and the lumbar spine in 1182 men and in 1289 postmenopausal and 248 premenopausal women in the population-based Framingham Offspring cohort (age: 29-86 y). Men were predominantly beer drinkers, and women were predominantly wine drinkers. Compared with nondrinkers, hip BMD was greater (3.4-4.5%) in men consuming 1-2 drinks/d of total alcohol or beer, whereas hip and spine BMD were significantly greater (5.0-8.3%) in postmenopausal women consuming >2 drinks/d of total alcohol or wine. Intake of >2 drinks/d of liquor in men was associated with significantly lower (3.0-5.2%) hip and spine BMD than was intake of 1-2 drinks/d of liquor in men. After adjustment for silicon intake, all intergroup differences for beer were no longer significant; differences for other alcohol sources remained significant. Power was low for premenopausal women, and the associations were not significant. Moderate consumption of alcohol may be beneficial to bone in men and postmenopausal women. However, in men, high liquor intakes (>2 drinks/d) were associated with significantly lower BMD. The tendency toward stronger associations between BMD and beer or wine, relative to liquor, suggests that constituents other than ethanol may contribute to bone health. Silicon appears to mediate the association of beer, but not that of wine or liquor, with BMD. Other components need further investigation. JF - The American journal of clinical nutrition AU - Tucker, Katherine L AU - Jugdaohsingh, Ravin AU - Powell, Jonathan J AU - Qiao, Ning AU - Hannan, Marian T AU - Sripanyakorn, Supannee AU - Cupples, L Adrienne AU - Kiel, Douglas P AD - Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA. katherine.tucker@tufts.edu Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - April 2009 SP - 1188 EP - 1196 VL - 89 IS - 4 KW - Ethanol KW - 3K9958V90M KW - Silicon KW - Z4152N8IUI KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Lumbar Vertebrae -- anatomy & histology KW - Beer -- analysis KW - Osteoporosis -- prevention & control KW - Sex Factors KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Premenopause KW - Humans KW - Wine -- analysis KW - Ethanol -- administration & dosage KW - Aged KW - Spine -- drug effects KW - Wine -- adverse effects KW - Cross-Sectional Studies KW - Ethanol -- adverse effects KW - Postmenopause KW - Aged, 80 and over KW - Risk Factors KW - Adult KW - Cohort Studies KW - Spine -- anatomy & histology KW - Middle Aged KW - Lumbar Vertebrae -- drug effects KW - Beer -- adverse effects KW - Diet KW - Male KW - Female KW - Bone Density -- drug effects KW - Aging -- physiology KW - Silicon -- administration & dosage KW - Alcohol Drinking -- physiopathology KW - Alcohol Drinking -- adverse effects KW - Bone Density -- physiology KW - Alcoholic Beverages UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67042967?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+journal+of+clinical+nutrition&rft.atitle=Effects+of+beer%2C+wine%2C+and+liquor+intakes+on+bone+mineral+density+in+older+men+and+women.&rft.au=Tucker%2C+Katherine+L%3BJugdaohsingh%2C+Ravin%3BPowell%2C+Jonathan+J%3BQiao%2C+Ning%3BHannan%2C+Marian+T%3BSripanyakorn%2C+Supannee%3BCupples%2C+L+Adrienne%3BKiel%2C+Douglas+P&rft.aulast=Tucker&rft.aufirst=Katherine&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=89&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1188&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+American+journal+of+clinical+nutrition&rft.issn=1938-3207&rft_id=info:doi/10.3945%2Fajcn.2008.26765 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-04-06 N1 - Date created - 2009-03-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Am J Epidemiol. 2000 Apr 15;151(8):773-80 [10965974] Am J Public Health Nations Health. 1951 Mar;41(3):279-81 [14819398] Am J Surg. 2000 Nov;180(5):357-61 [11137687] Alcohol Res Health. 2001;25(4):276-81 [11910705] Am J Clin Nutr. 2002 May;75(5):887-93 [11976163] J Bone Miner Res. 2004 Feb;19(2):297-307 [14969400] Br J Nutr. 2004 Mar;91(3):403-9 [15005826] Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1987 Dec;186(3):355-60 [2962200] Semin Arthritis Rheum. 1990 Jun;19(6):371-6 [2196678] Calcif Tissue Int. 1991 Apr;48(4):224-31 [2059873] Osteoporos Int. 1991 Feb;1(2):95-102 [1790399] Am J Epidemiol. 1992 May 15;135(10):1114-26; discussion 1127-36 [1632423] J Clin Epidemiol. 1993 Feb;46(2):153-62 [8437031] J Med Food. 2005 Spring;8(1):14-9 [15857203] Proc Nutr Soc. 2006 Aug;65(3):291-310 [16923313] J Am Geriatr Soc. 2006 Nov;54(11):1649-57 [17087690] Osteoporos Int. 2007 Mar;18(3):391-400 [17091218] Am J Epidemiol. 2007 Mar 15;165(6):667-76 [17204515] Osteoporos Int. 2007 May;18(5):593-602 [17318666] Atherosclerosis. 2007 Dec;195(2):e176-81 [17662293] Am J Clin Nutr. 2000 Nov;72(5):1206-13 [11063451] BMJ. 1993 Jun 5;306(6891):1506-9 [8518677] Am J Epidemiol. 1995 Sep 1;142(5):485-92 [7677127] Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1999 Feb;23(2):214-9 [10069548] J Womens Health. 1999 Jan-Feb;8(1):65-73 [10094083] Am J Clin Nutr. 1999 Apr;69(4):727-36 [10197575] Comment In: Am J Clin Nutr. 2009 Apr;89(4):999-1000 [19244377] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.2008.26765 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Investigation of the susceptibility of various strains of mice to methyllycaconitine toxicosis. AN - 67031449; 19098233 AB - Although the mechanism of action for larkspur alkaloids has been described, little information is available on the variation of the physiological response of individual animals to larkspur alkaloids. Anecdotal observations and pilot studies in cattle indicate that there is animal-to-animal variation in response to a debilitating dose of larkspur alkaloids. The objective of this study was to determine whether there is variation in susceptibility of different strains of mice to larkspur alkaloid toxicosis and to identify factors responsible for the variation that could then be used as a model for studies in cattle. The acute toxicity of methyllycaconitine (MLA) in 9 different inbred strains of mice was compared. The rank order, from most to least susceptible, was A/J>B10>FVB>BALB/c>C57Bl/6>NZW>C3H>DBA>129. The calculated LD(50) ranged from 3.3+/-0.2 to 5.8+/-0.8 mg/kg of BW. The toxicokinetic profiles of MLA in the susceptible A/J strain and the more resistant 129 strain were compared to determine whether their differences in susceptibility were due to differences in their ability to eliminate MLA. The differences in toxicokinetic variables observed did not explain the differences in susceptibility. The protein expression of various nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subunits was also compared between the more resistant 129 strain and the susceptible A/J strain. The 129 strain of mice had twice the amount of alpha7 nAChR subunit expression as the A/J strain, which was in direct proportion to the approximately 2-fold difference in LD(50). There was also a significant difference (P<0.05) in expression of the alpha3 and alpha5 nAChR subunits between the 129 and A/J strains, with the 129 strain having a greater expression in each case. These data suggest that the increased susceptibility of the A/J mice could be due to a reduced expression of nAChR subunits. Similar analyses need to be made in cattle to determine whether there is a difference between breeds in susceptibility to larkspur poisoning and to identify the factors that regulate their susceptibility to larkspur poisoning. This information would be useful for livestock producers in their breeding, culling, and grazing management programs to reduce or prevent larkspur poisoning on rangelands. JF - Journal of animal science AU - Welch, K D AU - Green, B T AU - Panter, K E AU - Gardner, D R AU - Pfister, J A AU - Cook, D AU - Stegelmeier, B L AD - USDA-ARS Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, Logan, UT 84341, USA. Kevin.Welch@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - April 2009 SP - 1558 EP - 1564 VL - 87 IS - 4 KW - Plant Extracts KW - 0 KW - Receptors, Nicotinic KW - methyllycaconitine KW - 21019-30-7 KW - Aconitine KW - X8YN71D5WC KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Immunoblotting KW - Random Allocation KW - Mice KW - Mice, Inbred BALB C KW - Mice, Inbred DBA KW - Receptors, Nicotinic -- metabolism KW - Lethal Dose 50 KW - Mice, Inbred C3H KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Gene Expression Regulation -- drug effects KW - Species Specificity KW - Male KW - Delphinium -- chemistry KW - Aconitine -- pharmacokinetics KW - Plant Extracts -- toxicity KW - Plant Extracts -- pharmacokinetics KW - Aconitine -- toxicity KW - Aconitine -- analogs & derivatives UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67031449?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+animal+science&rft.atitle=Investigation+of+the+susceptibility+of+various+strains+of+mice+to+methyllycaconitine+toxicosis.&rft.au=Welch%2C+K+D%3BGreen%2C+B+T%3BPanter%2C+K+E%3BGardner%2C+D+R%3BPfister%2C+J+A%3BCook%2C+D%3BStegelmeier%2C+B+L&rft.aulast=Welch&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1558&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+animal+science&rft.issn=1525-3163&rft_id=info:doi/10.2527%2Fjas.2008-1577 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-04-20 N1 - Date created - 2009-03-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/jas.2008-1577 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of screening methods for antibiotics in beef kidney juice and serum. AN - 67027700; 19286042 AB - Rapid screening tests can be used as part of an efficient program designed to monitor veterinary drug residues in cattle. In this work, three rapid tests designed to screen samples for the presence of antibiotic residues, the Fast Antimicrobial Screen Test (FAST), Premi and Kidney Inhibition Swab (KIS) tests, were compared using beef kidney juice and serum samples. In order to provide a realistic assessment, potentially incurred samples of beef kidney juice and serum were obtained from 235 carcasses which had been retained by inspectors in a processing plant for further testing. In addition, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis was conducted on these samples to identify what antibiotics were present, if any, and their levels. The comparison of the three rapid screening test results with those from LC-MS/MS analysis allowed for a more complete comparison of the relative sensitivity of these analytical methods, as well as valuable information on false positive and negative response rates. JF - Analytica chimica acta AU - Schneider, Marilyn J AU - Mastovska, Katerina AU - Lehotay, Steven J AU - Lightfield, Alan R AU - Kinsella, Brian AU - Shultz, Craig E AD - USDA-ARS, Eastern Regional Research Center, 600 E. Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. Y1 - 2009/04/01/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Apr 01 SP - 290 EP - 297 VL - 637 IS - 1-2 KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents KW - 0 KW - Reagent Kits, Diagnostic KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - False Negative Reactions KW - Animals KW - Cattle KW - False Positive Reactions KW - Chromatography, Liquid -- methods KW - Drug Residues -- analysis KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents -- analysis KW - Tandem Mass Spectrometry -- methods KW - Microbial Sensitivity Tests -- methods KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents -- blood KW - Kidney -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67027700?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytica+chimica+acta&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+screening+methods+for+antibiotics+in+beef+kidney+juice+and+serum.&rft.au=Schneider%2C+Marilyn+J%3BMastovska%2C+Katerina%3BLehotay%2C+Steven+J%3BLightfield%2C+Alan+R%3BKinsella%2C+Brian%3BShultz%2C+Craig+E&rft.aulast=Schneider&rft.aufirst=Marilyn&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=637&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=290&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytica+chimica+acta&rft.issn=1873-4324&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.aca.2008.08.005 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-06-12 N1 - Date created - 2009-03-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2008.08.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) in pilot-scale warehouses treated with beta-cyfluthrin: are residual insecticides and trapping compatible? AN - 67005488; 18947447 AB - Integrated pest management strategies for cereal processing facilities often include both pheromone-baited pitfall traps and crack and crevice applications of a residual insecticide such as the pyrethroid cyfluthrin. In replicated pilot-scale warehouses, a 15-week-long experiment was conducted comparing population trends suggested by insect captures in pheromone-baited traps to direct estimates obtained by sampling the food patches in untreated and cyfluthrin-treated warehouses. Warehouses were treated, provisioned with food patches and then infested with all life stages of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst). Food patches, both those initially infested and additional uninfested, were surrounded by cyfluthrin bands to evaluate if insects would cross the bands. Results show that insect captures correlated with population trends determined by direct product samples in the untreated warehouses, but not the cyfluthrin-treated warehouses. However, dead insects recovered from the floor correlated with the insect densities observed with direct samples in the cyfluthrin-treated warehouses. Initially, uninfested food patches were exploited immediately and after six weeks harbored similar infestation densities to the initially infested food patches. These data show that pest management professionals relying on insect captures in pheromone-baited traps in cyfluthrin-treated structures could be deceived into believing that a residual insecticide application was suppressing population growth, when the population was actually increasing at the same rate as an untreated population. JF - Bulletin of entomological research AU - Toews, M D AU - Arthur, F H AU - Campbell, J F AD - USDA-ARS Grain Marketing and Production Research Center, 1515 College Ave., Manhattan, KS 66502-2736, USA. mtoews@uga.edu Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - April 2009 SP - 121 EP - 129 VL - 99 IS - 2 KW - Insecticides KW - 0 KW - Nitriles KW - Pyrethrins KW - cyfluthrin KW - SCM2QLZ6S0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Population Growth KW - Pest Control KW - Population Density KW - Food Handling -- methods KW - Insect Control -- methods KW - Tribolium UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67005488?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+entomological+research&rft.atitle=Monitoring+Tribolium+castaneum+%28Herbst%29+in+pilot-scale+warehouses+treated+with+beta-cyfluthrin%3A+are+residual+insecticides+and+trapping+compatible%3F&rft.au=Toews%2C+M+D%3BArthur%2C+F+H%3BCampbell%2C+J+F&rft.aulast=Toews&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=121&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+entomological+research&rft.issn=1475-2670&rft_id=info:doi/10.1017%2FS0007485308006172 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-05-15 N1 - Date created - 2009-03-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0007485308006172 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hugh Hammond Bennett and the creation of the Soil Erosion Service AN - 50091812; 2009-081859 JF - Journal of Soil and Water Conservation AU - Helms, Douglas Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - April 2009 SP - 68A EP - 74A PB - Soil Conservation Society of America, Ankeny, IA VL - 64 IS - 2 SN - 0022-4561, 0022-4561 KW - United States KW - soils KW - Bureau of Chemistry and Soils KW - Bennett, Hugh Hammond KW - erosion KW - public policy KW - Navajo Indian Reservation KW - government agencies KW - Soil Erosion Service KW - U. S. Bureau of Indian Affairs KW - biography KW - U. S. Department of Agriculture KW - history KW - conservation KW - soil erosion KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50091812?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.atitle=Hugh+Hammond+Bennett+and+the+creation+of+the+Soil+Erosion+Service&rft.au=Helms%2C+Douglas&rft.aulast=Helms&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=68A&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.issn=00224561&rft_id=info:doi/10.2489%2Fjswc.64.2.68A L2 - http://www.jswconline.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - PubXState - IA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. portrs. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JSWCA3 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bennett, Hugh Hammond; biography; Bureau of Chemistry and Soils; U. S. Bureau of Indian Affairs; conservation; erosion; government agencies; history; Navajo Indian Reservation; public policy; soil erosion; Soil Erosion Service; soils; U. S. Department of Agriculture; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2489/jswc.64.2.68A ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Immune Responses and Protection against Experimental Challenge after Vaccination of Bison with Brucella abortus Strain RB51 or RB51 Overexpressing Superoxide Dismutase and Glycosyltransferase Genes AN - 21501810; 12492580 AB - Vaccination is a tool that could be beneficial in managing the high prevalence of brucellosis in free-ranging bison in Yellowstone National Park. In this study, we characterized immunologic responses and protection against experimental challenge after vaccination of bison with Brucella abortus strain RB51 (RB51) or a recombinant RB51 strain overexpressing superoxide dismutase (sodC) and glycosyltransferase (wboA) genes (RB51+sodC,wboA). Bison were vaccinated with saline only or with 4.6 x 1010 CFU of RB51 or 7.4 x 1010 CFU of RB51+sodC,wboA (n = eight animals/treatment). Bison vaccinated with RB51 or RB51+sodC,wboA had greater (P < 0.05) antibody responses, proliferative responses, and production of gamma interferon to RB51 after vaccination than did nonvaccinates. However, bison vaccinated with RB51+sodC,wboA cleared the vaccine strain from draining lymph nodes faster than bison vaccinated with the parental RB51 strain. Immunologic responses of bison vaccinated with RB51+sodC,wboA were similar to responses of bison vaccinated with RB51. Pregnant bison were intraconjunctivally challenged in midgestation with 107 CFU of B. abortus strain 2308. Bison vaccinated with RB51, but not RB51+sodC,wboA vaccinates, had greater protection from abortion, fetal/uterine, mammary, or maternal infection than nonvaccinates. Our data suggest that the RB51+sodC,wboA strain is less efficacious as a calfhood vaccine for bison than the parental RB51 strain. Our data also suggest that the RB51 vaccine is a currently available management tool that could be utilized to help reduce brucellosis in free-ranging bison. JF - Clinical and Vaccine Immunology AU - Olsen, S C AU - Boyle, S M AU - Schurig, G G AU - Sriranganathan, N N AD - Bacterial Diseases of Livestock Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, Iowa 50010, solsen@nadc.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 535 EP - 540 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA VL - 16 IS - 4 SN - 1556-679X, 1556-679X KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Immunology Abstracts KW - Abortion KW - Antibodies KW - Brucellosis KW - Colony-forming cells KW - Data processing KW - Fetuses KW - Glycosyltransferase KW - Immune response KW - Infection KW - Lymph nodes KW - National parks KW - Pregnancy KW - Superoxide dismutase KW - Uterus KW - Vaccination KW - Vaccines KW - g-Interferon KW - Bison KW - Brucella abortus KW - G 07720:Immunogenetics KW - J 02350:Immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21501810?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clinical+and+Vaccine+Immunology&rft.atitle=Immune+Responses+and+Protection+against+Experimental+Challenge+after+Vaccination+of+Bison+with+Brucella+abortus+Strain+RB51+or+RB51+Overexpressing+Superoxide+Dismutase+and+Glycosyltransferase+Genes&rft.au=Olsen%2C+S+C%3BBoyle%2C+S+M%3BSchurig%2C+G+G%3BSriranganathan%2C+N+N&rft.aulast=Olsen&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=535&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clinical+and+Vaccine+Immunology&rft.issn=1556679X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FCVI.00419-08 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Uterus; Data processing; g-Interferon; Abortion; National parks; Infection; Vaccination; Lymph nodes; Fetuses; Pregnancy; Glycosyltransferase; Antibodies; Superoxide dismutase; Colony-forming cells; Vaccines; Immune response; Brucellosis; Bison; Brucella abortus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/CVI.00419-08 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inc A/C Plasmids Are Prevalent in Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella enterica Isolates , AN - 21484862; 12510735 AB - Bacterial plasmids are fragments of extrachromosomal double-stranded DNA that can contain a variety of genes that are beneficial to the host organism, like those responsible for antimicrobial resistance. The objective of this study was to characterize a collection of 437 Salmonella enterica isolates from different animal sources for their antimicrobial resistance phenotypes and plasmid replicon types and, in some cases, by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) in an effort to learn more about the distribution of multidrug resistance in relation to replicon types. A PCR-based replicon typing assay consisting of three multiplex PCRs was used to detect 18 of the 26 known plasmid types in the Enterobacteriaceae based on their incompatibility (Inc) replicon types. Linkage analysis was completed with antibiograms, replicon types, serovars, and Inc A/C. Inc A/C plasmids were prevalent in multidrug-resistant isolates with the notable exception of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. Cluster analysis based on PFGE of a subset of 216 isolates showed 155 unique types, suggesting a variable population, but distinct clusters of isolates with Inc A/C plasmids were apparent. Significant linkage of serovar was also seen with Inc replicon types B/O, I1, Frep, and HI1. The present study showed that the combination of Salmonella, the Inc A/C plasmids, and multiple-drug-resistant genes is very old. Our results suggest that some strains, notably serovar Typhimurium and closely related types, may have once carried the plasmid but that the resistance genes were transferred to the chromosome with the subsequent loss of the plasmid. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Lindsey, Rebecca L AU - Fedorka-Cray, Paula J AU - Frye, Jonathan G AU - Meinersmann, Richard J AD - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Bacterial Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Resistance Research Unit, Richard B. Russell Agricultural Research Center, 950 College Station Road, Athens, Georgia 30605-2720, rmeiners@saa.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 1908 EP - 1915 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA VL - 75 IS - 7 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Chromosomes KW - Plasmids KW - Enterobacteriaceae KW - A 01340:Antibiotics & Antimicrobials KW - J 02450:Ecology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21484862?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Inc+A%2FC+Plasmids+Are+Prevalent+in+Multidrug-Resistant+Salmonella+enterica+Isolates+%2C&rft.au=Lindsey%2C+Rebecca+L%3BFedorka-Cray%2C+Paula+J%3BFrye%2C+Jonathan+G%3BMeinersmann%2C+Richard+J&rft.aulast=Lindsey&rft.aufirst=Rebecca&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1908&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAEM.02228-08 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Plasmids; Enterobacteriaceae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.02228-08 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prevalence and Characterization of Salmonellae in Commercial Ground Beef in the United States AN - 21478183; 12510751 AB - Commercially produced ground beef samples (n = 4,136) were collected from seven regions of the United States over a 24-month period (July 2005 to June 2007) and analyzed for the presence of Salmonella enterica by using methods that concurrently provided total prevalence and enumerable levels. The overall prevalence of Salmonella strains was 4.2%. Enumeration showed that 94.2% were present at levels below 2 CFU/g. Regional monthly prevalences of Salmonella strains varied from 1.8% to 6.5% but were not statistically different (P > 0.05). All Salmonella isolates were serotyped and their antibiotic susceptibilities determined and analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). The most common serotypes identified were Salmonella enterica serotypes Montevideo, Anatum, Muenster, and Mbandaka, with these accounting for one-half of the isolates obtained. The prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella was determined to be 0.6%. The most common MDR serotypes were Salmonella enterica serotypes Dublin, Reading, and Typhimurium. MDR strains had resistance to between 2 and 10 antibiotics. There were no regional differences in prevalence of MDR Salmonella. PFGE analysis revealed that indistinguishable XbaI and AvrII restriction digest patterns (RDPs) could be observed in isolates of the same serotype found in different regions and months of sampling. The RDPs of 19 Salmonella strains were compared to RDPs in the PulseNet USA database. Thirteen were indistinguishable from existing patterns, and the number of records for each ranged from 1 to 478. These data show that Salmonella prevalence in commercial ground beef is low and suggest that attempts to identify sources contributing to Salmonella in ground beef by serotype, antibiogram, and PFGE cannot be made without additional documented evidence. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Bosilevac, Joseph M AU - Guerini, Michael N AU - Kalchayanand, Norasak AU - Koohmaraie, Mohammad Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 1892 EP - 1900 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA VL - 75 IS - 7 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Antibiotics KW - Serotypes KW - Salmonella enterica KW - A 01340:Antibiotics & Antimicrobials KW - J 02340:Antibiotics & Antimicrobials UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21478183?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Prevalence+and+Characterization+of+Salmonellae+in+Commercial+Ground+Beef+in+the+United+States&rft.au=Bosilevac%2C+Joseph+M%3BGuerini%2C+Michael+N%3BKalchayanand%2C+Norasak%3BKoohmaraie%2C+Mohammad&rft.aulast=Bosilevac&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1892&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAEM.02530-08 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Serotypes; Salmonella enterica DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.02530-08 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Abstracts AN - 21334741; 11718406 JF - Cell Biology and Toxicology AU - Hunt, Curtiss AD - USDA-ARS-NPA, Grand Forks Human Nutrition Res. Center (GFHNRC), UND, P.O. Box 9034, Univ. Station, Grand Forks, ND, 58201, USA, Curtiss.Hunt@ARS.USDA.GOV Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 185 EP - 215 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 25 IS - 2 SN - 0742-2091, 0742-2091 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24490:Other UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21334741?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cell+Biology+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Abstracts&rft.au=Hunt%2C+Curtiss&rft.aulast=Hunt&rft.aufirst=Curtiss&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=185&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cell+Biology+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=07422091&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10565-008-9080-z LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10565-008-9080-z ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Variable Nucleotide Tandem-Repeat Analysis Revealing a Unique Group of Leptospira interrogans Serovar Pomona Isolates Associated with California Sea Lions AN - 21326092; 12511698 AB - Leptospira interrogans serovar Pomona isolates were compared by variable nucleotide tandem-repeat typing. Most cattle isolates grouped together, while isolates from pigs and wildlife were distributed across several groups. Significantly, California sea lion isolates formed a unique group, providing evidence that these animals are maintenance hosts of serovar Pomona. JF - Journal of Clinical Microbiology AU - Zuerner, Richard L AU - Alt, David P AD - Bacterial Diseases of Livestock Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, P.O. Box 70, Ames, Iowa 50010, Richard.Zuerner@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 1202 EP - 1205 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA VL - 47 IS - 4 SN - 0095-1137, 0095-1137 KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts KW - Marine KW - Typing KW - Pathogenic bacteria KW - Leptospira interrogans KW - INE, USA, California KW - Marine mammals KW - Wildlife KW - Nucleotides KW - J 02410:Animal Diseases KW - Q4 27800:Miscellaneous KW - Q1 08484:Species interactions: parasites and diseases KW - N 14845:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21326092?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Clinical+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Variable+Nucleotide+Tandem-Repeat+Analysis+Revealing+a+Unique+Group+of+Leptospira+interrogans+Serovar+Pomona+Isolates+Associated+with+California+Sea+Lions&rft.au=Zuerner%2C+Richard+L%3BAlt%2C+David+P&rft.aulast=Zuerner&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1202&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Clinical+Microbiology&rft.issn=00951137&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FJCM.01639-08 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pathogenic bacteria; Marine mammals; Nucleotides; Typing; Wildlife; Leptospira interrogans; INE, USA, California; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.01639-08 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Altered Olfactory Receptor Neuron Responsiveness Is Correlated with a Shift in Behavioral Response in an Evolved Colony of the Cabbage Looper Moth, Trichoplusia ni AN - 21315862; 11768853 AB - There is little understanding of how sex pheromone blends might change during speciation events. For the cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni, there is a mutant laboratory strain that has exhibited characteristics of a shift to a new pheromone blend. Mutant females produce a blend that is significantly different from wild-type females in having a much higher proportion of a minor pheromone component and lower quantity of the major component. Males in this colony have changed over the years to become more broadly tuned and fly upwind equally well to both the wild-type and mutant female pheromone blends. They also exhibit reduced overall sensitivity to pheromone, flying upwind to either blend at a lower success rate than is typical when wild-type males respond to the wild-type blend. Using single-cell recordings, we examined the olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) of males from evolved and wild-type colonies for evidence of changes in response characteristics that might explain the above-described behavioral evolution. We found that in evolved-colony males the ORNs tuned to the major sex pheromone component exhibited a somewhat lower responsiveness to that compound than the ORNs of wild-type males. In addition, the minor pheromone component, emitted at excessively high rates by mutant females, elicited a drastically reduced ORN responsiveness in evolved-colony males compared to wild-type males. This alteration in ORN responsiveness may be responsible for allowing evolved males to tolerate the excessive amounts of the minor pheromone component in the mutant female blend, which would normally antagonize the upwind flight of unevolved males. Thus, peripheral olfactory alterations have occurred in T. ni males that are correlated with the evolution of the more broadly tuned, but less sensitive, behavioral response profile. JF - Journal of Chemical Ecology AU - Domingue, Michael J AU - Haynes, Kenneth F AU - Todd, Julie L AU - Baker, Thomas C AD - Center for Chemical Ecology, Department of Entomology, Penn State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA, Michael.Domingue@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 405 EP - 415 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 35 IS - 4 SN - 0098-0331, 0098-0331 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Chemoreception Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Animal Behavior Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - Flight KW - Speciation KW - Trichoplusia ni KW - Colonies KW - Sex pheromone KW - Olfactory receptor neurons KW - Odorant receptors KW - Brassica KW - Evolution KW - Y 25040:Behavioral Ecology KW - N3 11001:Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience KW - Z 05340:Ecology and Behavior KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - R 18010:Pheromones & other infochemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21315862?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Chemical+Ecology&rft.atitle=Altered+Olfactory+Receptor+Neuron+Responsiveness+Is+Correlated+with+a+Shift+in+Behavioral+Response+in+an+Evolved+Colony+of+the+Cabbage+Looper+Moth%2C+Trichoplusia+ni&rft.au=Domingue%2C+Michael+J%3BHaynes%2C+Kenneth+F%3BTodd%2C+Julie+L%3BBaker%2C+Thomas+C&rft.aulast=Domingue&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=405&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Chemical+Ecology&rft.issn=00980331&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10886-009-9621-9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-10-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Flight; Speciation; Colonies; Odorant receptors; Olfactory receptor neurons; Sex pheromone; Evolution; Trichoplusia ni; Brassica DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10886-009-9621-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The CsgA and Lpp Proteins of an Escherichia coli O157:H7 Strain Affect HEp-2 Cell Invasion, Motility, and Biofilm Formation AN - 21279393; 12511111 AB - In Escherichia coli O157:H7 strain ATCC 43895, a guanine-to-thymine transversion in the csgD promoter created strain 43895OR. Strain 43895OR produces an abundant extracellular matrix rich in curli fibers, forms biofilms on solid surfaces, invades cultured epithelial cells, and is more virulent in mice than strain 43895. In this study we compared the formic acid-soluble proteins expressed by strains 43895OR and 43895 using one-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis and identified two differentially expressed proteins. A 17-kDa protein unique to strain 43895OR was identified from matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight analysis combined with mass spectrometry (MS) and tandem MS (MS/MS) as the curli subunit encoded by csgA. A <10-kDa protein, more highly expressed in strain 43895, was identified as the Lpp lipoprotein. Mutants of strain 43895OR with disruption of lpp, csgA, or both lpp and csgA were created and tested for changes in phenotype and function. The results of this study show that both Lpp and CsgA contribute to the observed colony morphology, Congo red binding, motility, and biofilm formation. We also show that both CsgA and Lpp are required by strain 43895OR for the invasion of cultured HEp-2 cells. These studies suggest that in strain 43895OR, the murein lipoprotein Lpp indirectly regulates CsgA expression through the CpxAR system by a posttranscriptional mechanism. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Uhlich, Gaylen A AU - Gunther IV, Nereus W AU - Bayles, Darrell O AU - Mosier, Derek A AD - Microbial Food Safety Research Unit, Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Wyndmoor, Pennsylvania, gaylen.uhlich@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 1543 EP - 1552 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA VL - 77 IS - 4 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Immunology Abstracts KW - Biofilms KW - Cell migration KW - Colonies KW - Epithelial cells KW - Extracellular matrix KW - Fibers KW - Flight KW - Gel electrophoresis KW - Lasers KW - Lipoproteins KW - Lpp protein KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - Motility KW - Murein KW - Post-transcription KW - Promoters KW - Transversion KW - Escherichia coli KW - J 02350:Immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21279393?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=The+CsgA+and+Lpp+Proteins+of+an+Escherichia+coli+O157%3AH7+Strain+Affect+HEp-2+Cell+Invasion%2C+Motility%2C+and+Biofilm+Formation&rft.au=Uhlich%2C+Gaylen+A%3BGunther+IV%2C+Nereus+W%3BBayles%2C+Darrell+O%3BMosier%2C+Derek+A&rft.aulast=Uhlich&rft.aufirst=Gaylen&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1543&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FIAI.00949-08 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Epithelial cells; Murein; Lpp protein; Transversion; Mass spectroscopy; Gel electrophoresis; Flight; Fibers; Promoters; Motility; Colonies; Extracellular matrix; Lipoproteins; Lasers; Biofilms; Cell migration; Post-transcription; Escherichia coli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/IAI.00949-08 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ethanol and (-)-a-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US AN - 21275589; 11768846 AB - In 2002-2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (-)-a-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6g/day at 25-28C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (-)-a-pinene lures (release rate, 2-6g/day at 25-28C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (-)-a-pinene in some locations. (-)-a-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70-97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (-)-a-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US. JF - Journal of Chemical Ecology AU - Miller, Daniel R AU - Rabaglia, Robert J AD - USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, 320 Green Street, Athens, GA, 30602, USA, dmiller03@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 435 EP - 448 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 35 IS - 4 SN - 0098-0331, 0098-0331 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Chemoreception Abstracts; Animal Behavior Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - Xyleborus KW - Dendroctonus terebrans KW - Scolytidae KW - Coleoptera KW - Attractants KW - Hylastes porculus KW - Xyleborus ferrugineus KW - Ips grandicollis KW - Hypothenemus KW - Xylosandrus crassiusculus KW - Flight KW - Xylosandrus KW - Xyleborinus KW - Xyleborus affinis KW - Platypodidae KW - Traps KW - Pityophthorus KW - Xylosandrus compactus KW - Ethanol KW - Kairomones KW - R 18050:Chemoreception correlates of behavior KW - Y 25040:Behavioral Ecology KW - Z 05340:Ecology and Behavior KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21275589?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Chemical+Ecology&rft.atitle=Ethanol+and+%28-%29-a-Pinene%3A+Attractant+Kairomones+for+Bark+and+Ambrosia+Beetles+in+the+Southeastern+US&rft.au=Miller%2C+Daniel+R%3BRabaglia%2C+Robert+J&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=435&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Chemical+Ecology&rft.issn=00980331&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10886-009-9613-9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Flight; Traps; Attractants; Kairomones; Ethanol; Xyleborus; Dendroctonus terebrans; Scolytidae; Coleoptera; Hylastes porculus; Xylosandrus crassiusculus; Hypothenemus; Ips grandicollis; Xyleborus ferrugineus; Xylosandrus; Xyleborinus; Platypodidae; Xyleborus affinis; Pityophthorus; Xylosandrus compactus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10886-009-9613-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Male-Produced Aggregation Pheromone of the Lesser Mealworm Beetle, Alphitobius diaperinus AN - 21261597; 11768845 AB - The lesser mealworm beetle, Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer), is a widespread serious pest in poultry production facilities and is difficult to control by conventional means. Although pheromone-based tools have become useful in the management of other beetle pests, no pheromone was known for A. diaperinus, and this study sought to develop basic pheromone information. Volatiles were collected in the laboratory from groups of male and female A. diaperinus maintained on poultry food (chick starter mash). Gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis of volatiles collected from feeding males and females revealed five male-specific compounds that were identified as (R)-(+)-limonene, (E)-b-ocimene, (S)-(+)-linalool, (R)-(+)-daucene, and 2-nonanone. Emission of these began 1-2weeks after adult emergence and could continue for at least 1year, ceasing and resuming in response to changes in food availability and quality and other factors. No female-specific compounds were discovered. A synthetic blend of the five male compounds was attractive to both sexes in poultry production facilities in Illinois and Arkansas, indicating that the blend functions as an aggregation pheromone, but it is not yet known whether all five compounds are required for activity. A new pitfall trap is described for field use. JF - Journal of Chemical Ecology AU - Bartelt, Robert J AU - Zilkowski, Bruce W AU - Cosse, Allard A AU - Steelman, CDayton AU - Singh, Narinderpal AD - USDA-ARS-NCAUR, Crop BioProtection Research Unit, 1815 N. University St., Peoria, IL, 61604, USA, robert.bartelt@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 422 EP - 434 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 35 IS - 4 SN - 0098-0331, 0098-0331 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Animal Behavior Abstracts; Chemoreception Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - Feeding KW - Poultry KW - Pitfall traps KW - Volatiles KW - Alphitobius diaperinus KW - Aggregation pheromone KW - Food availability KW - Pests KW - Food quality KW - Sex KW - R 18050:Chemoreception correlates of behavior KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Z 05350:Medical, Veterinary, and Agricultural Entomology KW - Y 25030:Foraging and Ingestion UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21261597?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Chemical+Ecology&rft.atitle=Male-Produced+Aggregation+Pheromone+of+the+Lesser+Mealworm+Beetle%2C+Alphitobius+diaperinus&rft.au=Bartelt%2C+Robert+J%3BZilkowski%2C+Bruce+W%3BCosse%2C+Allard+A%3BSteelman%2C+CDayton%3BSingh%2C+Narinderpal&rft.aulast=Bartelt&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=422&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Chemical+Ecology&rft.issn=00980331&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10886-009-9611-y LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-10-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Feeding; Poultry; Pitfall traps; Volatiles; Aggregation pheromone; Food availability; Pests; Food quality; Sex; Alphitobius diaperinus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10886-009-9611-y ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seasonal and Sex-specific mRNA Levels of Key Endocrine Genes in Adult Yellow Perch (Perca flavescens) from Lake Erie AN - 21250491; 11767972 AB - To better understand the endocrine mechanisms that underlie sexually dimorphic growth (females grow faster) in yellow perch (Perca flavescens), real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to measure pituitary, liver, and ovary mRNA levels of genes related to growth and reproduction-sex in this species. Adult perch were collected from Lake Erie and body mass, age, gonadosomatic index (I sub(G)), hepatosomatic index (I sub(H)), and gene expression for growth hormone (GH), prolactin, somatolactin, insulin-like growth factor Ib (IGF-Ib), estrogen receptor a (esr1), estrogen receptor ba (esr2a), and aromatase (cyp19a1a) were measured. Females had higher body mass, I sub(H), and liver esr1 mRNA level than males, while males had higher liver IGF-Ib, liver esr2a, and liver cyp19a1a mRNA levels. In both sexes, season had a significant effect on GH and liver IGF-Ib mRNAs with higher levels occurring in spring, which also corresponded with higher liver cyp19a1a mRNA levels. For females, I sub(G), liver esr1, and ovary cyp19a1a mRNA levels were higher in autumn than the spring, and ovary cyp19a1a mRNA levels showed a significant negative correlation with pituitary GH and liver IGF-Ib mRNA levels. The most significant (p,0.001) relationships across the parameters measured were positive correlations between liver IGF-Ib and esr2a mRNA levels and liver IGF-Ib and cyp19a1a mRNA levels. This study shows significant effects of season and sex on adult yellow perch endocrine physiology. JF - Marine Biotechnology AU - Lynn, S G AU - Powell, KA AU - Westneat, D F AU - Shepherd, B S AD - Great Lakes WATER Institute/ARS/USDA, 600 East Greenfield Avenue, Milwaukee, WI, 53204, USA Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 210 EP - 222 PB - Springer-Verlag, 175 Fifth Ave. New York NY 10010 USA VL - 11 IS - 2 SN - 1436-2228, 1436-2228 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Sexual dimorphism KW - Age KW - Body mass KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Perca flavescens KW - Freshwater KW - Freshwater fish KW - Population dynamics KW - North America, Erie L. KW - Hormones KW - Sex hormones KW - Gonadosomatic index KW - Lakes KW - Genes KW - Aromatase KW - Pituitary KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Sex KW - Growth rate KW - Growth hormone KW - Receptors KW - Prolactin KW - Endocrinology KW - Insulin-like growth factors KW - Liver KW - Ovaries KW - Estrogen receptors KW - Biotechnology KW - Q1 08346:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics KW - Q4 27700:Molecular Techniques KW - O 1050:Vertebrates, Urochordates and Cephalochordates KW - N 14830:RNA KW - G 07730:Development & Cell Cycle KW - W 30900:Methods KW - G 07700:Molecular Genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21250491?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Seasonal+and+Sex-specific+mRNA+Levels+of+Key+Endocrine+Genes+in+Adult+Yellow+Perch+%28Perca+flavescens%29+from+Lake+Erie&rft.au=Lynn%2C+S+G%3BPowell%2C+KA%3BWestneat%2C+D+F%3BShepherd%2C+B+S&rft.aulast=Lynn&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=210&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Biotechnology&rft.issn=14362228&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10126-008-9136-3 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth rate; Gonadosomatic index; Genes; Nucleotide sequence; Endocrinology; Receptors; Population dynamics; Freshwater fish; Hormones; Biotechnology; Sex hormones; Sexual dimorphism; Growth hormone; Age; Body mass; Prolactin; Lakes; Aromatase; Pituitary; Insulin-like growth factors; Liver; Polymerase chain reaction; Ovaries; Estrogen receptors; Sex; Perca flavescens; North America, Erie L.; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10126-008-9136-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Discovery and characterization of a molecular marker for Sclerotinia minor (Jagger) resistance in peanut AN - 21250269; 11718567 AB - The production of cultivated peanut, an important agronomic crop throughout the United States and the world, is consistently threatened by various diseases and pests. Sclerotinia minor Jagger (S. minor), the causal agent of Sclerotinia blight, is a major threat to peanut production in the Southwestern US, Virginia and North Carolina. Although information on the variability of morphological traits associated with Sclerotinia blight resistance is plentiful, no molecular markers associated with resistance have been reported. The identification of markers would greatly assist peanut geneticists in selecting genotypes to be used in breeding programs. The main objective of this work was to use simple sequence repeat (SSR) primers previously reported for peanut to identify a molecular marker associated with resistance to S. minor. Out of 16 primer pairs used to examine peanut genomic DNA from 39 different genotypes, one pair produced bands at approximately 145 and 100bp, consistent with either S. minor resistance or susceptibility, respectively. Cloning and sequencing of these bands revealed the region is well conserved among all genotypes tested with the exception of the length of the SSR region, which varies with disease resistance levels. This is the first report of a molecular marker associated with resistance to Sclerotinia blight in peanut. The identification of this marker and development of a PCR-based screening method will prove to be extremely useful to peanut breeders in screening germplasm collections and segregating populations as well as in pyramiding S. minor resistance with other desirable traits into superior peanut lines. JF - Euphytica AU - Chenault, Kelly D AU - Maas, Andrea L AU - Damicone, John P AU - Payton, Mark E AU - Melouk, Hassan A AD - USDA-ARS, Stillwater, OK, USA, kelly.chenault@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 357 EP - 365 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 166 IS - 3 SN - 0014-2336, 0014-2336 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Arachis hypogaea KW - Sclerotinia minor KW - Plant breeding KW - Nuts KW - Genotypes KW - Disease resistance KW - Crops KW - Sclerotinia KW - Blight KW - Germplasm KW - Morphology KW - Simple sequence repeats KW - Primers KW - genomics KW - Pests KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21250269?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Euphytica&rft.atitle=Discovery+and+characterization+of+a+molecular+marker+for+Sclerotinia+minor+%28Jagger%29+resistance+in+peanut&rft.au=Chenault%2C+Kelly+D%3BMaas%2C+Andrea+L%3BDamicone%2C+John+P%3BPayton%2C+Mark+E%3BMelouk%2C+Hassan+A&rft.aulast=Chenault&rft.aufirst=Kelly&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=166&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=357&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Euphytica&rft.issn=00142336&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10681-008-9816-0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Blight; Morphology; Germplasm; Plant breeding; Simple sequence repeats; Nuts; Primers; Pests; genomics; Disease resistance; Genotypes; Crops; Sclerotinia; Arachis hypogaea; Sclerotinia minor DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10681-008-9816-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Crop, Native Vegetation, and Biofuels: Response of White-Tailed Deer to Changing Management Priorities AN - 21211050; 11204250 AB - The expansion of the cellulosic biofuels industry throughout the United States has broad-scale implications for wildlife management on public and private lands. Knowledge is limited on the effects of reverting agriculture to native grass, and vice versa, on size of home range and habitat use of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). We followed 68 radiocollared female deer from 1991 through 2004 that were residents of DeSoto National Wildlife Refuge (DNWR) in eastern Nebraska, USA. The refuge was undergoing conversion of vegetation out of row-crop agriculture and into native grass, forest, and emergent aquatic vegetation. Habitat in DNWR consisted of 30% crop in 1991 but removing crops to establish native grass and wetland habitat at DNWR resulted in a 44% reduction in crops by 2004. A decrease in the amount of crops on DNWR contributed to a decline in mean size of annual home range from 400 ha in 1991 to 200 ha in 2005 but percentage of crops in home ranges increased from 21% to 29%. Mean overlap for individuals was 77% between consecutive annual home ranges across 8 years, regardless of crop availability. Conversion of crop to native habitat will not likely result in home range abandonment but may impact disease transmission by increasing rates of contact between deer social groups that occupy adjacent areas. Future research on condition indices or changes in population parameters (e.g., recruitment) could be incorporated into the study design to assess impacts of habitat conversion for biofuel production. JF - Journal of Wildlife Management AU - Walter, WDavid AU - Vercauteren, Kurt C AU - Gilsdorf, Jason M AU - Hygnstrom, Scott E Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 339 EP - 344 PB - Wildlife Society, 5410 Grosvenor Lane Bethesda MD 20814-2197 USA VL - 73 IS - 3 SN - 0022-541X, 0022-541X KW - Animal Behavior Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Agriculture KW - Odocoileus virginianus KW - Wildlife management KW - Grasses KW - Vegetation KW - Home range KW - Habitat KW - Biofuels KW - Crops KW - Y 25040:Behavioral Ecology KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21211050?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Wildlife+Management&rft.atitle=Crop%2C+Native+Vegetation%2C+and+Biofuels%3A+Response+of+White-Tailed+Deer+to+Changing+Management+Priorities&rft.au=Walter%2C+WDavid%3BVercauteren%2C+Kurt+C%3BGilsdorf%2C+Jason+M%3BHygnstrom%2C+Scott+E&rft.aulast=Walter&rft.aufirst=WDavid&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=339&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Wildlife+Management&rft.issn=0022541X&rft_id=info:doi/10.2193%2F2008-162 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Odocoileus virginianus; Crops; Habitat; Biofuels; Vegetation; Grasses; Home range; Wildlife management; Agriculture DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2193/2008-162 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Wolverine Confirmation in California after Nearly a Century: Native or Long-Distance Immigrant? AN - 21198632; 11588414 AB - We photo-verified the presence of a wolverine (Gulo gulo) in California for the first time in 86 years during February 2008. Herein we document the process of determining the origin of this wolverine using genetic, stable carbon ( delta 13C) and stable nitrogen ( delta 15N) isotope information. The wolverine's origin was significant because it is a state-threatened species and California represents a historically unique genotype of wolverines in North America. We obtained both photographs and noninvasively-collected genetic evidence (scat and hair). DNA analysis revealed the animal was a male and not a remnant of a historical California population. Comparison with available data revealed the individual was most closely related to populations from the western edge of the Rocky Mountains. This represents the first evidence of connectivity between wolverine populations of the Rocky and Sierra Nevada Mountain Ranges. JF - Northwest Science AU - Moriarty, Katie M AU - Zielinski, William J AU - Gonzales, Armand G AU - Dawson, Todd E AU - Boatner, Kristie M AU - Wilson, Craig A AU - Schlexer, Fredrick V AU - Pilgrim, Kristine L AU - Copeland, Jeffrey P AU - Schwartz, Michael K AD - USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 800 East Beckwith, Missoula, Montana 59801 Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 154 EP - 162 PB - Northwest Scientific Association, PO Box 645910 Pullman, WA 99164-5910 USA VL - 83 IS - 2 SN - 0029-344X, 0029-344X KW - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Historical account KW - Isotopes KW - Genotypes KW - Mountains KW - North America, Rocky Mts. KW - Carbon KW - USA, California KW - Data processing KW - immigrants KW - Immigrants KW - Hair KW - DNA KW - Gulo gulo KW - Nitrogen KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21198632?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Northwest+Science&rft.atitle=Wolverine+Confirmation+in+California+after+Nearly+a+Century%3A+Native+or+Long-Distance+Immigrant%3F&rft.au=Moriarty%2C+Katie+M%3BZielinski%2C+William+J%3BGonzales%2C+Armand+G%3BDawson%2C+Todd+E%3BBoatner%2C+Kristie+M%3BWilson%2C+Craig+A%3BSchlexer%2C+Fredrick+V%3BPilgrim%2C+Kristine+L%3BCopeland%2C+Jeffrey+P%3BSchwartz%2C+Michael+K&rft.aulast=Moriarty&rft.aufirst=Katie&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=154&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Northwest+Science&rft.issn=0029344X&rft_id=info:doi/10.3955%2F046.083.0207 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Gulo gulo; USA, California; North America, Rocky Mts.; Historical account; Mountains; Isotopes; immigrants; DNA; Hair; Nitrogen; Genotypes; Data processing; Carbon; Immigrants DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3955/046.083.0207 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Virulence Analysis of Hessian Fly Populations From Texas, Oklahoma, and Kansas AN - 21149918; 11207046 AB - In recent years, the number of wheat, Triticum aestivum L., fields heavily infested by Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor (Say), has increased in the Great Plains of the United States. Historically, resistance genes in wheat have been the most efficient means of controlling this insect pest. To determine which resistance genes are still effective in this area, virulence of six Hessian fly populations from Texas, Oklahoma, and Kansas was determined, using the resistance genes H3, H4, H5, H6, H7H8, H9, H10, H11, H12, H13, H16, H17, H18, H21, H22, H23, H24, H25, H26, H31, and Hdic. Five of the tested genes, H13, H21, H25, H26, and Hdic, conferred high levels of resistance (>80% of plants scored resistant) to all tested populations. Resistance levels for other genes varied depending on which Hessian fly population they were tested against. Biotype composition analysis of insects collected directly from wheat fields in Grayson County, TX, revealed that the proportion of individuals within this population virulent to the major resistance genes was highly variable (89% for H6, 58% for H9, 28% for H5, 22% for H26, 15% for H3, 9% for H18, 4% for H21, and 0% for H13). Results also revealed that the percentages of biotypes virulent to specific resistance genes in a given population are highly correlated (r2 = 0.97) with the percentages of susceptible plants in a virulence test. This suggests that virulence assays, which require less time and effort, can be used to approximate biotype composition. JF - Journal of Economic Entomology AU - Chen, Ming-Shun AU - Echegaray, Erik AU - Whitworth, RJeffrey AU - Wang, Haiyan AU - Sloderbeck, Phillip E AU - Knutson, Allen AU - Giles, Kristopher L AU - Royer, Tom A Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 774 EP - 780 PB - Entomological Society of America, 9301 Annapolis Rd. Lanham MD 20706 USA VL - 102 IS - 2 SN - 0022-0493, 0022-0493 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Entomology Abstracts KW - Virulence KW - Triticum aestivum KW - Biotypes KW - Mayetiola destructor KW - Pests KW - Z 05350:Medical, Veterinary, and Agricultural Entomology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21149918?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Economic+Entomology&rft.atitle=Virulence+Analysis+of+Hessian+Fly+Populations+From+Texas%2C+Oklahoma%2C+and+Kansas&rft.au=Chen%2C+Ming-Shun%3BEchegaray%2C+Erik%3BWhitworth%2C+RJeffrey%3BWang%2C+Haiyan%3BSloderbeck%2C+Phillip+E%3BKnutson%2C+Allen%3BGiles%2C+Kristopher+L%3BRoyer%2C+Tom+A&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Ming-Shun&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=774&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Economic+Entomology&rft.issn=00220493&rft_id=info:doi/10.1603%2F029.102.0239 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-01-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Virulence; Biotypes; Pests; Triticum aestivum; Mayetiola destructor DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/029.102.0239 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seroepidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Pregnant Women in Rural Durango, Mexico AN - 21140174; 11206435 AB - The epidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii infection in pregnant women in rural Mexico is largely unknown. The sero-epidemiology of T. gondii infection in 439 pregnant women from 9 communities in rural Durango State, Mexico was investigated. Using commercial enzyme-linked immunoassays, sera were tested for T. gondii IgG, IgM, and avidity antibodies. Prevalences of T. gondii IgG antibodies in the communities varied from 0% to 20%. Overall, 36 (8.2%) of the 439 women had IgG T. gondii antibodies. Ten (2.3%) women had also T. gondii IgM antibodies; IgG avidity was high in all IgM-positive women, suggesting chronic infection. None of the women, however, had delivered a known T. gondii-infected child. The seroprevalence was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in women from low socio-economic conditions (14%) than in those with higher socio-economic status (6.6%). Multivariate analysis showed that T. gondii infection was associated with soil floors at home (adjusted OR = 2.89; 95% CI: 1.12-7.49). This is the first epidemiological study of T. gondii infection in pregnant women in rural Mexico. JF - Journal of Parasitology AU - Alvarado-Esquivel, C AU - Torres-Castorena, A AU - Liesenfeld, O AU - Garcia-Lopez, C R AU - Estrada-Martinez, S AU - Sifuentes-Alvarez, A AU - Marsal-Hernandez, J F AU - Esquivel-Cruz, R AU - Sandoval-Herrera, F AU - Castaneda, JA AU - Dubey, J P AD - Faculty of Medicine, Juarez University of Durango State, Avenida Universidad S/N esquina Fanny Anitua, 34000 Durango, Dgo, Mexico., jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 271 EP - 274 PB - American Society of Parasitologists VL - 95 IS - 2 SN - 0022-3395, 0022-3395 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Immunology Abstracts KW - Avidity KW - Chronic infection KW - Epidemiology KW - Immunoassays KW - Immunoglobulin G KW - Immunoglobulin M KW - Multivariate analysis KW - Pregnancy KW - Seroepidemiology KW - Soil KW - Toxoplasma gondii KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - K 03400:Human Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21140174?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Parasitology&rft.atitle=Seroepidemiology+of+Toxoplasma+gondii+Infection+in+Pregnant+Women+in+Rural+Durango%2C+Mexico&rft.au=Alvarado-Esquivel%2C+C%3BTorres-Castorena%2C+A%3BLiesenfeld%2C+O%3BGarcia-Lopez%2C+C+R%3BEstrada-Martinez%2C+S%3BSifuentes-Alvarez%2C+A%3BMarsal-Hernandez%2C+J+F%3BEsquivel-Cruz%2C+R%3BSandoval-Herrera%2C+F%3BCastaneda%2C+JA%3BDubey%2C+J+P&rft.aulast=Alvarado-Esquivel&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=95&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=271&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Parasitology&rft.issn=00223395&rft_id=info:doi/10.1645%2FGE-1829.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Epidemiology; Multivariate analysis; Avidity; Chronic infection; Immunoglobulin G; Seroepidemiology; Immunoassays; Immunoglobulin M; Pregnancy; Toxoplasma gondii DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1645/GE-1829.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Isolation of Toxoplasma gondii from the Keel-Billed Toucan (Ramphastos sulfuratus) From Costa Rica AN - 21139197; 11206442 AB - Pectoral muscles from a captive keel-billed toucan (Ramphastos sulfuratus) from Costa Rica were fed to a Toxoplasma gondii- free cat, and the cat shed oocysts. Laboratory mice fed these oocysts developed antibodies to T. gondii in their sera and T. gondii tissue cysts in their brains. The DNA extracted from the brains of infected mice was characterized using 10 polymerase chain reaction-restricted fragment length polymorphic markers (SAG1, SAG2, SAG3, BTUB, GRA6, c22-8, c29-2, L358, PK1, and Apico). The isolate designated TgRsCr1 was found to be non-clonal with Type I, II, and III alleles at different loci. This is the first isolation of T. gondii from this host. JF - Journal of Parasitology AU - Dubey, J P AU - Velmurugan, G V AU - Morales, JA AU - Arguedas, R AU - Su, C AD - United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Animal and Natural Resources Institute, Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, Building 1001, Beltsville, Maryland 20705-2350., jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 467 EP - 468 PB - American Society of Parasitologists VL - 95 IS - 2 SN - 0022-3395, 0022-3395 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Ramphastos sulfuratus KW - Antibodies KW - Oocysts KW - Toxoplasma gondii KW - Brain KW - DNA KW - Muscles KW - Cysts KW - K 03410:Animal Diseases KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21139197?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Parasitology&rft.atitle=Isolation+of+Toxoplasma+gondii+from+the+Keel-Billed+Toucan+%28Ramphastos+sulfuratus%29+From+Costa+Rica&rft.au=Dubey%2C+J+P%3BVelmurugan%2C+G+V%3BMorales%2C+JA%3BArguedas%2C+R%3BSu%2C+C&rft.aulast=Dubey&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=95&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=467&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Parasitology&rft.issn=00223395&rft_id=info:doi/10.1645%2FGE-1846.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-04-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Antibodies; Oocysts; Muscles; DNA; Brain; Cysts; Ramphastos sulfuratus; Toxoplasma gondii DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1645/GE-1846.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chlorotic Feeding Injury by the Black Pecan Aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) to Pecan Foliage Promotes Aphid Settling and Nymphal Development AN - 21138592; 11204759 AB - The nature of the interaction between the black pecan aphid, Melanocallis caryaefoliae (Davis) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), and the chlorosis it causes to foliage of its pecan [Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch) ] host is poorly understood. Laboratory experiments were conducted on the settling behavior of the black pecan aphid, when provided chlorotic pecan leaf discs resulting from previous black pecan aphid feeding and nonchlorotic leaf discs, under a normal photoperiod and constant dark. Additionally, aphid development from the first instar to the adult stage was examined when nymphs were either allowed to feed on the same leaf disc or moved daily to a new, nondamaged, same age leaf disc. After 24 h, a significantly higher percentage of black pecan aphids settled on chlorotic than on nonchlorotic leaf discs, regardless of photoperiod. When starting from the first instar, nymphs that were prevented from inducing leaf chlorosis by moving daily to new, same-age leaf discs took 65 d longer to complete development, had a shorter body length, and had higher mortality than when aphids remained on the same leaf disc. These results show that black pecan aphid-induced leaf chlorosis plays an important role in the interaction of the black pecan aphid with its pecan host. JF - Environmental Entomology AU - Cottrell, Ted E AU - Wood, Bruce W AU - Ni, Xinzhi Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 411 EP - 416 PB - Entomological Society of America, 9301 Annapolis Rd. Lanham MD 20706 USA VL - 38 IS - 2 SN - 0046-225X, 0046-225X KW - Ecology Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - Foliage KW - Age KW - Chlorosis KW - Injuries KW - Photoperiods KW - Melanocallis caryaefoliae KW - Aphididae KW - feeding KW - Development KW - Carya KW - foliage KW - Settling behavior KW - Body length KW - Feeding KW - Mortality KW - Laboratory testing KW - Leaves KW - Hemiptera KW - settling behavior KW - Z 05340:Ecology and Behavior KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21138592?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Entomology&rft.atitle=Chlorotic+Feeding+Injury+by+the+Black+Pecan+Aphid+%28Hemiptera%3A+Aphididae%29+to+Pecan+Foliage+Promotes+Aphid+Settling+and+Nymphal+Development&rft.au=Cottrell%2C+Ted+E%3BWood%2C+Bruce+W%3BNi%2C+Xinzhi&rft.aulast=Cottrell&rft.aufirst=Ted&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=411&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Entomology&rft.issn=0046225X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1603%2F022.038.0214 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-04-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mortality; Feeding; Foliage; Chlorosis; Photoperiods; Leaves; Development; Settling behavior; Body length; Age; Injuries; Laboratory testing; foliage; feeding; settling behavior; Carya; Melanocallis caryaefoliae; Aphididae; Hemiptera DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/022.038.0214 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Isolation of Toxoplasma gondii from Animals in Durango, Mexico AN - 21137039; 11206438 AB - Little is known concerning the epidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii infection in people and animals in rural Mexico. Serum samples and tissues from 150 dogs (Canis familaris), 150 cats (Felis catus), 65 opossums (Didelphis virginianus), 249 rats (Rattus spp.), 127 mice (Mus musculus), and 69 squirrels (Spermophilus variegatus) from the Durango area were evaluated for T. gondii infection. Using a modified agglutination test and a serum dilution of 1:25, antibodies to this parasite were found in 68 (45.3%) of 150 dogs, 14 (9.3%) of 150 cats, 11 (16.6%) of 66 opossums, 2 (0.8%) of 249 rats, 4 (3.1%) of 127 mice, and 0 of 69 squirrels. Tissues (brain and heart) of dogs, cats, opossums, rats, mice, and squirrels were bioassayed in mice for the presence of T. gondii. Viable T. gondii was isolated in tissues from 3 of 28 seropositive dogs and 5 of 8 seropositive cats, but not from the other animals. The DNA obtained from the 3 T. gondii isolates from dogs, 6 isolates from 5 cats, and 4 isolates from free-range chickens from Mexico, previously isolated, were genotyped. The PCR-RFLP typing, which used 11 markers (B1, SAG1, SAG2, SAG3, BTUB, GRA6, c22-8, c29-2, L358, PK1, and Apico), identified 5 genotypes. One genotype (the 4 chicken isolates) belongs to the clonal Type III lineage, three genotypes were reported in previous reports, and 1 genotype is unique. JF - Journal of Parasitology AU - Dubey, J P AU - Velmurugan, G V AU - Alvarado-Esquivel, C AU - Alvarado-Esquivel, D AU - Rodriguez-Pena, S AU - Martinez-Garcia, S AU - Gonzalez-Herrera, A AU - Ferreira, L R AU - Kwok, OCH AU - Su, C AD - Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, Animal and Natural Resources Institute, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland 20705-2350., jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - April 2009 SP - 319 EP - 322 PB - American Society of Parasitologists VL - 95 IS - 2 SN - 0022-3395, 0022-3395 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Canis KW - Spermophilus variegatus KW - Restriction fragment length polymorphism KW - Brain KW - Didelphis KW - Genotypes KW - Mus musculus KW - Infection KW - Rattus KW - Antibodies KW - Agglutination KW - Epidemiology KW - Felis catus KW - Toxoplasma gondii KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - K 03410:Animal Diseases KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21137039?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Parasitology&rft.atitle=Isolation+of+Toxoplasma+gondii+from+Animals+in+Durango%2C+Mexico&rft.au=Dubey%2C+J+P%3BVelmurugan%2C+G+V%3BAlvarado-Esquivel%2C+C%3BAlvarado-Esquivel%2C+D%3BRodriguez-Pena%2C+S%3BMartinez-Garcia%2C+S%3BGonzalez-Herrera%2C+A%3BFerreira%2C+L+R%3BKwok%2C+OCH%3BSu%2C+C&rft.aulast=Dubey&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=95&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=319&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Parasitology&rft.issn=00223395&rft_id=info:doi/10.1645%2FGE-1874.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agglutination; Antibodies; Epidemiology; Brain; Restriction fragment length polymorphism; Polymerase chain reaction; Genotypes; Infection; Canis; Rattus; Spermophilus variegatus; Felis catus; Toxoplasma gondii; Didelphis; Mus musculus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1645/GE-1874.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Isolation of Toxoplasma gondii from Goats from Brazil AN - 21129788; 11206684 AB - Goats are economically important in many countries, and little is known of caprine toxoplasmosis in Brazil. Antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii were assayed in the sera of 143 goats from 3 Brazilian states, using modified agglutination test (MAT titer .1:25); 46 (32.2%) tested positive. Samples of brain, heart, diaphragm, and masseter of seropositive animals were pooled, digested in pepsin, and bioassayed in mice. Viable T. gondii specimens were isolated from tissue homogenates of 12 goats; the isolates were designated TgGtBr1-12. Ten of the 12 isolates killed 100% of infected mice, indicating that goats can harbor mouse-virulent T. gondii and, hence, can serve as a source of infection for humans. JF - Journal of Parasitology AU - Ragozo, AMA AU - Yai, LEO AU - Oliveira, L N AU - Dias, R A AU - Goncalves, H C AU - Azevedo, S S AU - Dubey, J P AU - Gennari, S M AD - Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinaria e Zootecnia, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Prof Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, CEP 05508-270, Sao Paulo, Brazil., jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 323 EP - 326 PB - American Society of Parasitologists VL - 95 IS - 2 SN - 0022-3395, 0022-3395 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Heart KW - Antibodies KW - Agglutination KW - Diaphragm KW - Toxoplasma gondii KW - Brain KW - Pepsin A KW - Infection KW - Toxoplasmosis KW - K 03410:Animal Diseases KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21129788?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Parasitology&rft.atitle=Isolation+of+Toxoplasma+gondii+from+Goats+from+Brazil&rft.au=Ragozo%2C+AMA%3BYai%2C+LEO%3BOliveira%2C+L+N%3BDias%2C+R+A%3BGoncalves%2C+H+C%3BAzevedo%2C+S+S%3BDubey%2C+J+P%3BGennari%2C+S+M&rft.aulast=Ragozo&rft.aufirst=AMA&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=95&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=323&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Parasitology&rft.issn=00223395&rft_id=info:doi/10.1645%2FGE-1854.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-04-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Heart; Agglutination; Antibodies; Diaphragm; Pepsin A; Brain; Infection; Toxoplasmosis; Toxoplasma gondii DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1645/GE-1854.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Why Museums Matter: A Tale of Pinworms (Oxyuroidea: Heteroxynematidae) Among Pikas (Ochotona princeps and O. collaris) in the American West AN - 21127549; 11206449 AB - Permanent and well-supported museum or natural history collections provide a solid foundation for the process of systematics research through creation of an empirical record which validates our understanding of the biosphere. We explore the role of museums in ongoing studies of the complex helminth fauna characteristic of pikas (Ochotona spp.) in the American west. These studies address the taxonomy for pinworms of the Labiostomatinae and the problems associated with the absence of adequate type series and vouchers and with misidentifications in original descriptions. We demonstrate that the types for Labiostomum (Labiostomum) coloradensis are identical to some specimens in the syntype series representing L. (Eugenuris) utahensis, although the published descriptions are in disagreement. Both are identical to L. (Eugenuris) talkeetnaeuris and, as a consequence, are reduced as junior synonyms. Only 2 species of large pinworms, namely L. (Labiostomum) rauschi and L. (Eugenuris) talkeetnaeuris, are widely distributed in Ochotona collaris and O. princeps. Although this serves to clarify the taxonomy for species in these genera, prior records remain confused, as representative voucher specimens from all major surveys in North America were never submitted to museum collections. We strongly suggest that type and voucher series should not be held in private or personal collections, where such are eventually lost, discarded, or destroyed through neglect due to inattention and the absence of curation. The potential to accumulate meaningful baselines for assessment of environmental change is jeopardized if materials from survey and inventory are not routinely submitted to museum collections. The capacity of museum repositories, as a focus for systematics, ecology, and evolutionary studies and for the development of resources for biodiversity informatics, continues to be undervalued and poorly utilized by a cadre of scientists who are dependant on accurate and definitive information that transcends specific disciplines. JF - Journal of Parasitology AU - Hoberg, E P AU - Pilitt, P A AU - Galbreath, KE AD - U.S. National Parasite Collection, Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, BARC East 1180, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, Maryland, 20705-2350, eric.hoberg@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 490 EP - 501 PB - American Society of Parasitologists VL - 95 IS - 2 SN - 0022-3395, 0022-3395 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Inventories KW - Informatics KW - Oxyuroidea KW - Ochotona collaris KW - Museums KW - Biodiversity KW - Biosphere KW - Environmental changes KW - Ochotona KW - Taxonomy KW - Attention KW - Evolution KW - Ochotona princeps KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21127549?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Parasitology&rft.atitle=Why+Museums+Matter%3A+A+Tale+of+Pinworms+%28Oxyuroidea%3A+Heteroxynematidae%29+Among+Pikas+%28Ochotona+princeps+and+O.+collaris%29+in+the+American+West&rft.au=Hoberg%2C+E+P%3BPilitt%2C+P+A%3BGalbreath%2C+KE&rft.aulast=Hoberg&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=95&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=490&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Parasitology&rft.issn=00223395&rft_id=info:doi/10.1645%2FGE-1823.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Inventories; Informatics; Environmental changes; Museums; Biodiversity; Taxonomy; Biosphere; Attention; Evolution; Oxyuroidea; Ochotona collaris; Ochotona; Ochotona princeps DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1645/GE-1823.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transmission of Insect-vectored Pathogens: Effects of Vector Fitness as a Function of Infectivity Status AN - 21115407; 11204769 AB - The transmission of insect-vectored pathogens is dependent on the population dynamics of the vector. Epidemiological models typically assume that birth and death rates of pathogen-free and inoculative vectors are equal, an assumption that is not true for all pathosystems. Here, a series of simple and general epidemiological models were used to explore how assumptions about birth and death rates of vectors based on their infectivity status influence disease incidence. With fixed death rate of pathogen-free vectors, increasing the death rate of inoculative vectors reduced vector density, the proportion of vectors that were inoculative, and the proportion of hosts infected. This effect was mediated by acquisition rate. Specifically, increasing the acquisition rate increased the proportion of vectors that were inoculative, thereby increasing the proportion of the vector population that experienced the increased death rate. With fixed birth rate of pathogen-free vectors, variation in birth rate of inoculative vectors had little influence on disease incidence provided that the birth rate of pathogen-free vectors was much greater than their death rate. However, when the birth rate of pathogen-free vectors was only slightly greater than their death rate, large increases in the birth rate of inoculative vectors increased total vector density and disease incidence. The results indicate that assumptions about birth and death rates of vectors based on infectivity status can have important effects on the vector population that in turn affects disease incidence. JF - Environmental Entomology AU - Sisterson, Mark S Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 345 EP - 355 PB - Entomological Society of America, 9301 Annapolis Rd. Lanham MD 20706 USA VL - 38 IS - 2 SN - 0046-225X, 0046-225X KW - Ecology Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - Fitness KW - Mortality KW - Vectors KW - Pathogens KW - Population dynamics KW - Disease transmission KW - Models KW - Birth KW - Infectivity KW - Z 05340:Ecology and Behavior KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21115407?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Entomology&rft.atitle=Transmission+of+Insect-vectored+Pathogens%3A+Effects+of+Vector+Fitness+as+a+Function+of+Infectivity+Status&rft.au=Sisterson%2C+Mark+S&rft.aulast=Sisterson&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=345&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Entomology&rft.issn=0046225X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1603%2F022.038.0206 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-04-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fitness; Birth; Infectivity; Vectors; Pathogens; Population dynamics; Models; Disease transmission; Mortality DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/022.038.0206 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acephate Resistance in Populations of the Tarnished Plant Bug (Heteroptera: Miridae) From the Mississippi River Delta AN - 21093185; 11206934 AB - A monitoring program that used a glass-vial bioassay to detect acephate resistance in populations of the tarnished plant bug, Lygus lineolans (Palisot de Beauvois) (Heteroptera: Miridae), was carried out with weed-collected populations from 20 sites in the delta of Arkansas, Louisiana, and Mississippi. Additional results from field tests using recommended rates of formulated acephate in cotton showed that plant bug populations with resistance ratio (RR50) values >3.0 for acephate (from the glass-vial bioassay) would be difficult to control in the field. Over a 4-yr-period from 2001 through 2004, only one population tested with the glass-vial bioassay was found with an RR50 value >3.0 for acephate, but six populations having RR50 values >3.0 were found in the delta in 2005. In fall 2005, an additional 10 populations from the hill region (the cotton growing areas outside the delta) were tested and four of these populations had RR50 values >3.0. The number of populations with RR50 values >3.0 increased to five of 10 and 18 of 20 in the hills and delta, respectively, in fall 2006. Laboratory tests using resistant populations found that resistance to acephate was not sex-linked and the alleles controlling the resistance were semidominant in nature. Because of the large increase in resistant populations and the nature of the resistance found in this study, along with control problems experienced by growers in 2006, entomologists in the mid-South strongly recommended that alternation of insecticide classes in field treatments for plant bug control be used by growers in 2007. This control strategy probably helped control plant bugs in the hills of MS where plant bug pressure was low in 2007, and only one population was found in the fall with an RR50 value >3.0. Plant bug pressure was very high in many parts of the delta in 2007, and 15 of the 20 populations tested in the fall had RR50 values >3.0. In one field test in cotton, a population with multiple resistance was tested and not effectively controlled in treatments using recommended rates of carbamate, organophosphate, and pyrethroid insecticides. Alternation of insecticide classes may not work very well when populations are present that are resistant to three of the four main classes of cotton insecticides. New insecticides in different classes are badly needed for control of tarnished plant bugs in cotton in the mid-South. JF - Journal of Economic Entomology AU - Snodgrass, G L AU - Gore, J AU - Abel, CA AU - Jackson, R Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 699 EP - 707 PB - Entomological Society of America, 9301 Annapolis Rd. Lanham MD 20706 USA VL - 102 IS - 2 SN - 0022-0493, 0022-0493 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Entomology Abstracts KW - ASW, USA, Louisiana KW - Cotton KW - Allelles KW - Miridae KW - Field Tests KW - Deltas KW - Freshwater KW - Bioassay KW - Entomologists KW - Population genetics KW - Agricultural Chemicals KW - Insecticides KW - Resistance KW - ASW, USA, Mississippi R. Delta KW - Pressure KW - Testing Procedures KW - Rivers KW - Brackish KW - organophosphates KW - Pesticides (carbamates) KW - Sex linkage KW - Hemiptera KW - Control resistance KW - Bioassays KW - Lygus KW - USA, Arkansas KW - Population structure KW - Monitoring KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - Z 05350:Medical, Veterinary, and Agricultural Entomology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21093185?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Economic+Entomology&rft.atitle=Acephate+Resistance+in+Populations+of+the+Tarnished+Plant+Bug+%28Heteroptera%3A+Miridae%29+From+the+Mississippi+River+Delta&rft.au=Snodgrass%2C+G+L%3BGore%2C+J%3BAbel%2C+CA%3BJackson%2C+R&rft.aulast=Snodgrass&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=699&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Economic+Entomology&rft.issn=00220493&rft_id=info:doi/10.1603%2F029.102.0231 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Entomologists; Population genetics; Bioassays; Insecticides; Allelles; Population structure; Deltas; Control resistance; Cotton; organophosphates; Pesticides (carbamates); Pressure; Sex linkage; Testing Procedures; Agricultural Chemicals; Resistance; Field Tests; Monitoring; Bioassay; Lygus; Miridae; Hemiptera; ASW, USA, Louisiana; ASW, USA, Mississippi R. Delta; USA, Arkansas; Brackish; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/029.102.0231 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of algorithms for incoming atmospheric long-wave radiation AN - 21014884; 9180176 AB - While numerous algorithms exist for predicting incident atmospheric long-wave radiation under clear () and cloudy skies, few comparisons have been published to assess the accuracy of the different algorithms. Virtually no comparisons have been made for both clear and cloudy skies across multiple sites. This study evaluates the accuracy of 13 algorithms for predicting incident long-wave radiation under clear skies, ten cloud correction algorithms, and four algorithms for all-sky conditions using data from 21 sites across North America and China. Data from five research sites were combined with publicly available data from nine sites in the AmeriFlux network for initial evaluation and optimization of cloud cover estimates; seven additional AmeriFlux sites were used as an independent test of the algorithms. Clear-sky algorithms that excelled in predicting were the Dilley, Prata, and Angstrom algorithms. Root mean square deviation (RMSD) between predicted and measured 30-minute or hourly averaged approximately 23 W m-2 for these three algorithms across all sites, while RMSD of daily estimates was as low as 14 W m-2. Cloud-correction algorithms of Kimball, Unsworth, and Crawford described the data best when combined with the Dilley clear-sky algorithm. Average RMSD across all sites for these three cloud corrections was approximately 24 to 25 W m-2 for 30-minute or hourly estimates and approximately 15 to 16 W m-2 for daily estimates. The Kimball and Unsworth cloud corrections require an estimate of cloud cover, while the Crawford algorithm corrects for cloud cover directly from measured solar radiation. Optimum limits in the clearness index, defined as the ratio of observed solar radiation to theoretical terrestrial solar radiation, for complete cloud cover and clear skies were suggested for the Kimball and Unsworth algorithms. Application of the optimized algorithms to seven independent sites yielded similar results. On the basis of the results, the recommended algorithms can be applied with reasonable accuracy for a wide range of climates, elevations, and latitudes. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Flerchinger, G N AU - Xaio, Wei AU - Marks, Danny AU - Sauer, T J AU - Yu, Qiang AD - USDA Agricultural Research Service, Northwest Watershed Research Center, Boise, Idaho, USA Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 USA, [mailto:service@agu.org], [URL:http://www.agu.org] VL - 45 IS - 3 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - W03423 KW - AmeriFlux KW - clearness index KW - cloud cover KW - surface energy balance KW - 0321 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Cloud/radiation interaction KW - 1814 Hydrology: Energy budgets KW - 3359 Atmospheric Processes: Radiative processes KW - Algorithms KW - Solar radiation KW - Evaluation KW - Radiation KW - Clearness index KW - North America KW - Solar Radiation KW - Climates KW - Cloud Cover KW - Cloud cover KW - Clouds KW - Elevation KW - Long-wave radiation KW - China, People's Rep. KW - Water resources research KW - Optimization KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0810:General KW - M2 556.18:Water Management (556.18) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21014884?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+algorithms+for+incoming+atmospheric+long-wave+radiation&rft.au=Flerchinger%2C+G+N%3BXaio%2C+Wei%3BMarks%2C+Danny%3BSauer%2C+T+J%3BYu%2C+Qiang&rft.aulast=Flerchinger&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2008WR007394 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Clouds; Clearness index; Algorithms; Long-wave radiation; Cloud cover; Water resources research; Solar radiation; Evaluation; Solar Radiation; Radiation; Climates; Elevation; Cloud Cover; Optimization; North America; China, People's Rep. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008WR007394 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterizing leaf gas exchange responses of cotton to full and limited irrigation conditions AN - 20876338; 10245185 AB - Plant responses to water deficit need to be monitored for producing a profitable crop as water deficit is a major constraint on crop yield. The objective of this study was to evaluate physiological responses of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) to various environmental conditions under limited water availability using commercially available varieties grown in South Texas. Soil moisture and variables of leaf gas exchange were measured to monitor water deficit for various varieties under different irrigation treatments. Lint yield and growth variables were also measured and correlations among growth parameters of interest were investigated. Significant differences were found in soil moisture, leaf net assimilation (A sub(n)), stomatal conductance (g), transpiration rate (T sub(r)), and instantaneous water use efficiency (WUE sub(i)) among irrigation treatments in 2006 while no significant differences were found in these parameters in 2007. Some leaf gas exchange parameters, e.g., T sub(r), and leaf temperature (T sub(L)) have strong correlations with A sub(n) and g. A sub(n) and WUE were increased by 30-35% and 30-40%, respectively, at 600 mu mol (CO sub(2)) m super(-2) s super(-1) in comparison with 400 mu mol (CO sub(2)) m super(-2) s super(-1). Lint yield was strongly correlated with g, T sub(r), WUE, and soil moisture at 60 cm depth. Relative A sub(n), T sub(r), and T sub(L) started to decrease from FTSW 0.3 at 60 cm and FTSW 0.2 at 40 cm. The results demonstrate that plant water status under limited irrigation management can be qualitatively monitored using the measures of soil moisture as well as leaf gas exchange, which in turn can be useful for describing yield reduction due to water deficit. We found that using normalized A sub(n), T sub(r), and T sub(L) is feasible to quantify plant water deficit. JF - Field Crops Research AU - Ko, Jonghan AU - Piccinni, Giovanni AD - USDA-ARS, Agricultural Systems Research Unit, 2150 Centre Avenue, Building D, Fort Collins, CO 80526, USA, Jonghan.Ko@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 77 EP - 89 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 112 IS - 1 SN - 0378-4290, 0378-4290 KW - Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Cotton KW - water availability KW - Soil Water KW - Crops KW - Yield KW - Efficiency KW - Varieties KW - Physiological responses KW - Water Deficit KW - Irrigation KW - Gossypium hirsutum KW - Moisture Content KW - Irrigation Water KW - USA, Texas KW - Soil moisture KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - gas exchange KW - ENA 06:Food & Drugs KW - SW 1060:Conservation in agricultural use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20876338?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Field+Crops+Research&rft.atitle=Characterizing+leaf+gas+exchange+responses+of+cotton+to+full+and+limited+irrigation+conditions&rft.au=Ko%2C+Jonghan%3BPiccinni%2C+Giovanni&rft.aulast=Ko&rft.aufirst=Jonghan&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=112&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=77&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Field+Crops+Research&rft.issn=03784290&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.fcr.2009.02.007 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Efficiency; Cotton; water availability; Physiological responses; Irrigation; Carbon dioxide; Soil moisture; Crops; gas exchange; Water Deficit; Yield; Varieties; Irrigation Water; Moisture Content; Soil Water; Carbon Dioxide; Gossypium hirsutum; USA, Texas DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2009.02.007 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Growth Response and Resistance to Edwardsiella ictaluri of Channel Catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, Fed Diets Containing Distiller's Dried Grains with Solubles AN - 20817438; 10966156 AB - A study was conducted to examine the effect of dietary levels of distiller's dried grains with solubles (DDGS) on growth, body composition, hematology, immune response, and resistance of channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, to Edwardsiella ictaluri challenge. Five diets containing 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40% DDGS with supplemental lysine (Diets 1--5) as partial replacements of a combination of soybean meal and cornmeal on an equal protein basis were fed to juvenile catfish (13.33 c 0.25 g) for 12 wk. Growth performance and feed utilization efficiency were similar for fish in all treatments. Body lipid and moisture increased and decreased, respectively, in fish feed DDGS-containing diets relative to the control group. Dietary treatment had no effect on red and white blood cell counts. Hemoglobin and hematocrit were significantly higher in fish fed diets containing DDGS than in those fed the control diet. Fish fed 20--40% DDGS diets had increased serum total immunoglobulin, and those fed the 30% DDGS diet had significantly increased antibody titers 21 d following E. ictaluri challenge. Other immune variables evaluated were not affected by dietary treatments. Preliminary results on bacterial challenge showed an increased resistance against E. ictaluri in fish fed DDGS-containing diets (Diets 2--5). JF - Journal of the World Aquaculture Society AU - Lim, Chhorn AU - Yildirim, Mediha AU - Klesius, Phillip H AD - Aquatic Animal Health Research Unit, USDA-ARS, MSA, 990 Wire Road, Auburn, Alabama 36831-0952 USA. Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 182 EP - 193 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA, [mailto:info@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/WileyCDA/Brand/id-35.html] VL - 40 IS - 2 SN - 0893-8849, 0893-8849 KW - Channel catfish KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Immunology Abstracts KW - Diets KW - Edwardsiella ictaluri KW - Lipids KW - Leukocytes KW - Lysine KW - Freshwater KW - Freshwater fish KW - Ictalurus punctatus KW - Soybeans KW - Feed composition KW - Hemoglobin KW - Antibodies KW - Nutritional requirements KW - Grain KW - Hematocrit KW - Feeding experiments KW - Immune response KW - Blood cells KW - Body composition KW - Fish culture KW - Haemoglobins KW - Immunoglobulins KW - Q1 08587:Diseases of Cultured Organisms KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology KW - J 02350:Immunology KW - F 06940:Fish Immunity KW - Q3 08587:Diseases of Cultured Organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20817438?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+World+Aquaculture+Society&rft.atitle=Growth+Response+and+Resistance+to+Edwardsiella+ictaluri+of+Channel+Catfish%2C+Ictalurus+punctatus%2C+Fed+Diets+Containing+Distiller%27s+Dried+Grains+with+Solubles&rft.au=Lim%2C+Chhorn%3BYildirim%2C+Mediha%3BKlesius%2C+Phillip+H&rft.aulast=Lim&rft.aufirst=Chhorn&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=182&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+World+Aquaculture+Society&rft.issn=08938849&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1749-7345.2009.00241.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diets; Antibodies; Nutritional requirements; Feeding experiments; Blood cells; Freshwater fish; Haemoglobins; Fish culture; Feed composition; Hemoglobin; Lipids; Leukocytes; Grain; Hematocrit; Lysine; Immune response; Body composition; Immunoglobulins; Soybeans; Edwardsiella ictaluri; Ictalurus punctatus; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-7345.2009.00241.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soy consumption and prostate cancer risk in men: a revisit of a meta-analysis AN - 20803787; 10903429 AB - Background: Epidemiologic studies have shown that the consumption of soy foods may be associated with a reduction in cancer risk in humans. Objective: The purpose of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis on the association between soy consumption and prostate cancer risk in men. Design: We systematically reviewed studies obtained through a thorough Medline literature search and identified 15 epidemiologic publications on soy consumption and 9 on isoflavones in association with prostate cancer risk. We extracted the most adjusted relative risks (RRs) and odds ratios (ORs) of the highest and the lowest reported categories of intake from each study and conducted this analysis using a random-effects model in which studies with smaller SEEs are given greater weight in the summary measure. Results: Our analysis of studies on soy intake yielded a combined RR/OR of 0.74 (95% CI: 0.63, 0.89; P = 0.01). When separately analyzed, studies on nonfermented soy foods yielded a combined RR/OR of 0.70 (95% CI: 0.56, 0.88; P = 0.01) and those on fermented soy foods yielded a combined RR/OR of 1.02 (95% CI: 0.73, 1.42; P = 0.92). The analysis of studies on isoflavones yielded a combined RR/OR of 0.88 (95% CI: 0.76, 1.02; P = 0.09). Further separate analyses showed a combined RR/OR of 0.52 (95% CI: 0.34, 0.81; P = 0.01) from studies with Asian populations and 0.99 (95% CI: 0.85, 1.16; P = 0.91) from studies with Western populations. Conclusions: The results of this analysis suggest that consumption of soy foods is associated with a reduction in prostate cancer risk in men. This protection may be associated with the type and quantity of soy foods consumed. JF - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition AU - Yan, L AU - Spitznagel, EL AD - USDA, ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9034, USA, lin.yan@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 VL - 89 IS - 4 SN - 0002-9165, 0002-9165 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Food consumption KW - Prostate cancer KW - Reviews KW - Food KW - Fermented food KW - Population studies KW - Isoflavones KW - Soybeans KW - Models KW - W 30910:Imaging UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20803787?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Clinical+Nutrition&rft.atitle=Soy+consumption+and+prostate+cancer+risk+in+men%3A+a+revisit+of+a+meta-analysis&rft.au=Yan%2C+L%3BSpitznagel%2C+EL&rft.aulast=Yan&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=89&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Clinical+Nutrition&rft.issn=00029165&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Food consumption; Prostate cancer; Fermented food; Food; Reviews; Population studies; Isoflavones; Models; Soybeans ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sporulation and Germination Gene Expression Analysis of Bacillus anthracis Sterne Spores in Skim Milk under Heat and Different Intervention Techniques AN - 20741800; 9289587 AB - ABSTRACT: To investigate how B. anthracis Sterne spores survive in milk under heat (80 degree C, 10 min), pasteurization (72 degree C, 15 s), microfiltration, and pasteurization and microfiltration, the expression levels of genes related to sporulation and germination were tested using real-time PCR assays. Twenty-seven sporulation- and germination-related genes were selected for the target genes. Our results demonstrated that gene expression levels were altered by heat and microfiltration whereas the pasteurization and pasteurization and microfiltration resulted in less alteration of gene expression. Heat activated and inhibited both sporulation- and germination-related genes, suggesting that bacterial spores underwent different molecular mechanism for heat treatments. Our results may provide some insight into the molecular mechanisms of spore survival in response to heat treatment and different intervention strategies used to treat fluid skim milk. JF - Journal of Food Science AU - Liu, Y AU - Ream, A AD - U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, Microbial Food Safety Research Unit, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA, 19038 U.S.A., Yanhong.Liu@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - M120 EP - M124 PB - Institute of Food Technology VL - 74 IS - 3 SN - 0022-1147, 0022-1147 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Bacillus anthracis spores KW - milk pasteurization and microfiltration KW - real-time PCR assay KW - Germination KW - Molecular modelling KW - Sporulation KW - Survival KW - Skim milk KW - Bacillus anthracis KW - Pasteurization KW - Gene expression KW - Heat KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Spores KW - Heat treatments KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology KW - G 07730:Development & Cell Cycle UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20741800?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Food+Science&rft.atitle=Sporulation+and+Germination+Gene+Expression+Analysis+of+Bacillus+anthracis+Sterne+Spores+in+Skim+Milk+under+Heat+and+Different+Intervention+Techniques&rft.au=Liu%2C+Y%3BReam%2C+A&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=M120&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Food+Science&rft.issn=00221147&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1750-3841.2009.01084.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Germination; Gene expression; Molecular modelling; Heat; Sporulation; Polymerase chain reaction; Survival; Skim milk; Heat treatments; Spores; Pasteurization; Bacillus anthracis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2009.01084.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of salicylic acid on in vitro propagation and salt tolerance in Hibiscus acetosella and Hibiscus moscheutos (cv 'Luna Red') AN - 20710133; 10884830 AB - Salicylic acid (SA) has been reported to improve in vitro regeneration as well as induce abiotic stress tolerance in plants. The effects of varying SA concentrations (0, 0.5, and 1 mM) on in vitro shoot apices of two Hibiscus species, Hibiscus moscheutos (cv 'Luna Red') and Hibiscus acetosella, grown under various salt (NaCl) concentrations (0, 175, and 200 mM) were assessed for shoot growth and multiplication, root formation, root elongation, plant survival rate, and praline accumulation. Application of exogenous SA, at 0.5 mM had a beneficial effect on all these parameters in both species under saline and non-saline conditions. Results obtained showed that H. moscheutos was more salt tolerant than H. acetosella and that SA could be used to improve in vitro regeneration and salt tolerance in these two species. Furthermore, the in vitro regeneration and screening system developed here could be incorporated in a breeding program for a rapid initial screening, further evaluation, and eventual development of salt tolerant Hibiscus plants. JF - African Journal of Biotechnology AU - Sakhanokho, H F AU - Kelley, R Y AD - 810 Hwy 26 West, Southern Horticultural Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Poplarville, MS 39470, USA, Hamidou.Sakhanokho@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 1474 EP - 1481 VL - 8 IS - 8 SN - 1684-5315, 1684-5315 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Hibiscus KW - Plant breeding KW - Roots KW - Survival KW - Stress KW - Salicylic acid KW - Shoots KW - Salts KW - Elongation KW - Propagation KW - Sodium chloride KW - Hibiscus moscheutos KW - W 30930:Agricultural Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20710133?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=African+Journal+of+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Influence+of+salicylic+acid+on+in+vitro+propagation+and+salt+tolerance+in+Hibiscus+acetosella+and+Hibiscus+moscheutos+%28cv+%27Luna+Red%27%29&rft.au=Sakhanokho%2C+H+F%3BKelley%2C+R+Y&rft.aulast=Sakhanokho&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1474&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=African+Journal+of+Biotechnology&rft.issn=16845315&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Shoots; Elongation; Salts; Plant breeding; Stress; Survival; Roots; Salicylic acid; Sodium chloride; Propagation; Hibiscus; Hibiscus moscheutos ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Introgression of resistance to reniform nematode (Rotylenchulus reniformis) into upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) from Gossypium arboreum and a G. hirsutum/Gossypium aridum bridging line AN - 20688883; 10245177 AB - Gossypium hirsutum L. is the predominant cotton of commerce and all cultivars of this species are susceptible to the reniform nematode, Rotylenchulus reniformis. To introgress resistance to R. reniformis into the tetraploid 2(AD sub(1)) G. hirsutum, a resistant diploid A sub(2)-genome Gossypium arboreum accession (A sub(2)-190) was crossed with a hexaploid 2((AD sub(1))D sub(4)) bridging line (G 371) to obtain a tetraploid triple-species hybrid. The triple-species hybrid was back-crossed to G. hirsutum and a population of 277 BC sub(1) individuals was produced. The BC sub(1)s and controls were assayed in growth chambers for resistance to R. reniformis. Fortuitously, the hexaploid bridging line G 371 was also found to be resistant to R. reniformis. The BC sub(1) segregated 3:1, resistant:susceptible, indicating that resistance was conferred by dominant genes at two different loci, with each originating from a distinct germplasm source. This study demonstrated that it is possible to introgress and pyramid genes for resistance to R. reniformis in G. hirsutum. JF - Field Crops Research AU - Sacks, Erik J AU - Robinson, AForest AD - USDA-ARS, 141 Experiment Station Rd, Stoneville, MS 38776, United States, erik_sacks@lycos.com Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 1 EP - 6 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 112 IS - 1 SN - 0378-4290, 0378-4290 KW - Environment Abstracts; Environmental Engineering Abstracts KW - Cotton KW - Crops KW - nematodes KW - Rotylenchulus KW - Nematoda KW - Gossypium arboreum KW - Gossypium KW - Gossypium hirsutum KW - hybrids KW - cultivars KW - ENA 06:Food & Drugs KW - EE 10:General Environmental Engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20688883?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Field+Crops+Research&rft.atitle=Introgression+of+resistance+to+reniform+nematode+%28Rotylenchulus+reniformis%29+into+upland+cotton+%28Gossypium+hirsutum%29+from+Gossypium+arboreum+and+a+G.+hirsutum%2FGossypium+aridum+bridging+line&rft.au=Sacks%2C+Erik+J%3BRobinson%2C+AForest&rft.aulast=Sacks&rft.aufirst=Erik&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=112&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Field+Crops+Research&rft.issn=03784290&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.fcr.2009.01.006 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rotylenchulus; Gossypium hirsutum; Gossypium arboreum; Nematoda; Gossypium; nematodes; hybrids; Cotton; cultivars; Crops DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2009.01.006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pulse Jet Orchard Heater System Development: Part II. System Scaling and Application AN - 20619995; 9316258 AB - This article reports the results of a six-year project in which an efficient and effective supplemental orchard field heater system was successfully developed. In addition to being low-cost and mobile, the criteria met by this system design included: (1) usage with or without wind machines or as stand-alone units, (2) reduced labor requirements, and (3) reduced air pollutants compared to conventional supplemental, fossil fuel combustion orchard heating systems. The resulting new generation heaters were portable, auto-regulating, horizontal pulse jet engines (combustors) with no moving parts. Scaling criteria were formulated and utilized for fabrication of various sizes of portable horizontal pulse jet engines optimized for stable operation. Scale-up parameters for multiple sizes of these combustor systems for agricultural heating and frost protection purposes were both theoretically and qualitatively described. Theoretical and empirical approaches resulted in similarity parameters that played an important role in the scale-up for field applications. The scaled and optimized heater prototypes were constructed and field tested. Experimental results confirmed the applicability of using both gaseous and liquid propane as fuel supplies. Detailed field testing showed that mixing of warm air by the high-velocity exhaust stream into cold air (0 to 4 m height) was quite effective in reducing buoyant heat losses. Pulse jet heater prototypes were also tested under orchard conditions and found to circumvent the many disadvantages of conventional oil and liquid propane (LP) gas orchard heating systems, especially when used in combination with wind machines. JF - Transactions of the ASAE AU - Alshami, A S AU - Evans, R G AD - USDA-ARS Northern Plains Agricultural Research Laboratory, Sidney, MT 59270, USA, Robert.Evans@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 345 EP - 355 VL - 52 IS - 2 SN - 0001-2351, 0001-2351 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Air pollution KW - orchards KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20619995?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+ASAE&rft.atitle=Pulse+Jet+Orchard+Heater+System+Development%3A+Part+II.+System+Scaling+and+Application&rft.au=Alshami%2C+A+S%3BEvans%2C+R+G&rft.aulast=Alshami&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=345&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+ASAE&rft.issn=00012351&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - orchards ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Source Sampling of Particulate Matter Emissions from Cotton Harvesting: System Field Testing and Emission Factor Development AN - 20618859; 9316285 AB - Emission factors are used in the air pollution regulatory process to quantify the mass of pollutants emitted from a source. Accurate emission factors must be used in the air pollution regulatory process to ensure fair and appropriate regulation for all sources. Agricultural sources, including cotton production operations, are not exempt from air quality regulation. Particulate matter (PM) emissions from agricultural operations are difficult to quantify due to the physical characteristics of emission source, particle size distribution of the PM emitted, and natural dispersion of emissions into the environment. These factors have introduced substantial amounts of uncertainty into previous emission factor estimates from cotton harvesting operations. This article documents a new protocol for measuring PM emissions onboard a cotton harvester using a novel source sampling system and reports total suspended particulate (TSP), PMjo, and PM2.5 emission factors developed using the new protocol. The average systematic uncertainty of the measured emission rates is 2.78%. Significant correlations were observed between test plot yield and TSP, PM sub(10), and PM sub(2.5) emission rates, indicating that it is appropriate to report emission factors on a mass of PM emitted per mass of cotton harvested basis. The area-based TSP, PM sub(10), and PM sub(2.5) emission factors developed in this work are 1.64, 0.55, and 1.58E-03 kg ha super(-1), respectively (1.46, 0.49, and 1.41E-03 lb ac super(-1), respectively). In terms of PM emitted per harvested cotton mass, the TSP, PM sub(10), and PM sub(2.5) emission factors are 0.22, 0.07, and 2.15E-4 kg bale super(-1), respectively (0.48, 0.15, and 4.74E-4 lb bale super(-1), respectively). JF - Transactions of the ASAE AU - Wanjura, J D AU - Faulkner, W B AU - Paraell, CB Jr AU - Shaw, B W AU - Capareda, S C AU - Lacey, R E AD - USDA ARS Cotton Production and Processing Research Unit, 1604 E. FM 1294, Lubbock, TX 79403, USA, John.Wanjura@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 591 EP - 597 VL - 52 IS - 2 SN - 0001-2351, 0001-2351 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Air pollution KW - Emissions KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20618859?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+ASAE&rft.atitle=Source+Sampling+of+Particulate+Matter+Emissions+from+Cotton+Harvesting%3A+System+Field+Testing+and+Emission+Factor+Development&rft.au=Wanjura%2C+J+D%3BFaulkner%2C+W+B%3BParaell%2C+CB+Jr%3BShaw%2C+B+W%3BCapareda%2C+S+C%3BLacey%2C+R+E&rft.aulast=Wanjura&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=591&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+ASAE&rft.issn=00012351&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Emissions ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of Rye Rolling Direction and Different No-Till Row Cleaners on Cotton Emergence and Yield AN - 20617627; 9316262 AB - Cover crops have been recognized as a vital component of conservation agriculture. However, cover crops must produce substantial biomass to be effective. Because of the large amount of residue produced by many cover crops, they must be managed appropriately to avoid planting problems. Roller-crimpers have been used to manage cover crops by flattening them and creating a thick mat over the soil surface. A study was conducted to determine the effect of different rolling directions (parallel, diagonal, and perpendicular to cotton planting direction) using a roller I crimper, three different commercial row cleaners (Dawn, Dawn without coulter, and Yetter), and no row cleaner on cotton CGossypium hirsutum L.) stand, emergence rate, yield, and net returns. The study was conducted at two Alabama locations with a replicated strip plot design. Presented results illustrate two growing and harvest seasons (2004 and 2005). Rye (Secale cereale L.) was chosen as the cover crop due to its potential to produce large amounts of biomass and its popularity with Alabama producers. Rye was rolled at the soft dough growth stage and terminated using Roundup (glyphosate). Data showed that parallel rolling with respect to the planting direction for cotton produced the highest cotton stand and yield in both years. In 2004, the Yetter row cleaner resulted in higher cotton stand and yield for both locations when compared with the Dawn row cleaner. However, in 2005, the Dawn row cleaner resulted in a greater cotton yield than the Yetter. Based on the emergence rate index (ERI), the most rapid emergence was observed with parallel rolling and both row cleaners. The slowest emergence rate was observed with perpendicular and diagonal rolling and no row cleaners. Parallel rolling minimized accumulated rye residue on the row cleaners and minimized the cleaning time for the row cleaners. General findings from this research are: for tall rye producing large biomass, parallel rolling and Dawn or Yetter row cleaners are recommended. For shorter rye producing low biomass, no row cleaners were required for rolled rye with the parallel rolling direction, or cotton could be planted into standing rye using Dawn or Yetter row cleaners. Regardless of the height and amount of rye residue and the row cleaner type, the perpendicular and diagonal rolling directions are not recommended. JF - Transactions of the ASAE AU - Komecki, T S AU - Raper, R L AU - Arriaga, F J AU - Schwab, E B AU - Bergtold, J S AD - USDA-ARS National Soil Dynamics Laboratory, 411 South Donahue Drive, Auburn, AL 36832, USA, tkornecki@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 383 EP - 391 VL - 52 IS - 2 SN - 0001-2351, 0001-2351 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Biomass KW - USA, Alabama KW - Cotton KW - Secale cereale KW - ENA 06:Food & Drugs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20617627?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+ASAE&rft.atitle=Impact+of+Rye+Rolling+Direction+and+Different+No-Till+Row+Cleaners+on+Cotton+Emergence+and+Yield&rft.au=Komecki%2C+T+S%3BRaper%2C+R+L%3BArriaga%2C+F+J%3BSchwab%2C+E+B%3BBergtold%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Komecki&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=383&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+ASAE&rft.issn=00012351&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cotton; Secale cereale; USA, Alabama ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hyperspectral Reflectance Imaging for Detecting a foodborne pathogen: campylobacter AN - 20617336; 9316292 AB - This article is concerned with the development of a hyperspectral reflectance imaging technique for detecting and identifying one of the most common foodborne pathogens, Campylobacter. Direct plating using agars is an effective tool for laboratory tests and analyses of microorganisms. The morphology (size, growth pattern, color, etc.) of colonies grown on agar plates has been widely used to tentatively differentiate organisms. However, it is sometimes difficult to differentiate target organisms like Campylobacters from other contaminants grown together on the same agar plates. A hyperspectral reflectance imaging system operating at the visible and near-infrared (VNIR) spectral region from 400 nm to 900 nm was set up to measure spectral signatures of 17 different Campylobacter and non-Campylobacter subspecies. Protocols for culturing, imaging samples and for calibrating measured data were developed The VNIR spectral library of all 17 organisms commonly encountered in poultry was established from calibrated hyperspectral reflectance images. A pattern classification algorithm was developed to locate and identify 48 h cultures of Campylobacter and non-Campylobacter contaminants on background agars (blood agar and Campy-Cefex) with over 99% accuracy. The Bhattacharyya distance, a statistical separability measure, was used to predict the performance of the pattern classification algorithm at a few wavelength bands chosen by the principal component analysis (PCA) band weightings. This research has a potential to be expanded to detect other pathogens grown on agar media. JF - Transactions of the ASAE AU - Yoon, S C AU - Lawrence, K C AU - Siragusa, G R AU - Line, JE AU - Park, B AU - Feldner, P W AD - USDA-ARS Richard B. Russell Research Center, Athens, GA 30604-5677, USA, SeungChul.Yoon@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 651 EP - 662 VL - 52 IS - 2 SN - 0001-2351, 0001-2351 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Agar KW - Campylobacter KW - Pathogens KW - J 02410:Animal Diseases KW - H 4000:Food and Drugs KW - A 01300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20617336?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+ASAE&rft.atitle=Hyperspectral+Reflectance+Imaging+for+Detecting+a+foodborne+pathogen%3A+campylobacter&rft.au=Yoon%2C+S+C%3BLawrence%2C+K+C%3BSiragusa%2C+G+R%3BLine%2C+JE%3BPark%2C+B%3BFeldner%2C+P+W&rft.aulast=Yoon&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=651&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+ASAE&rft.issn=00012351&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agar; Pathogens; Campylobacter ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pulse Jet Orchard Heater System Development: Part I. Design, Construction, and Optimization AN - 20617291; 9316257 AB - The objective of this six-year project was to develop a more efficient and effective supplemental orchard field heater technology. In addition to being low-cost and mobile, these devices should be useable with or without wind machines, reduce labor requirements, and greatly reduce air pollutants compared to conventional orchard heating systems. The new generation orchard heaters that were developed in this process are portable, auto-regulating, horizontal pulse jet engines (combustors) with no moving parts. These devices utilize air ejector technology to reduce the temperature of the high-velocity combustion stream by thoroughly mixing it with the surrounding ambient (cold) air, producing a net effective temperature increase of only 2C to 5C above ambient. Buoyant forces of warm air are therefore small, and fewer heaters would be needed. The design achieved pressure oscillations that were free of combustion instabilities, and amplitudes were maximized for high exhaust jet velocities for deep hot jet penetration and mixing into the surrounding cold air. The overall size and weight of the heater system were minimized while maintaining optimum operation. Finally, anti-phase operation of paired heaters for noise level reduction from 130 dB to near 75 dB was achieved by implementing optimized silencing plenums at the inlet and exhaust of the paired heaters. JF - Transactions of the ASAE AU - Evans, R G AU - Alshami, A S AD - USDA-ARS Northern Plains Agricultural Research Laboratory, Sidney, MT 59270, USA, Robert.Evans@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 331 EP - 343 VL - 52 IS - 2 SN - 0001-2351, 0001-2351 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Air pollution KW - orchards KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20617291?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+ASAE&rft.atitle=Pulse+Jet+Orchard+Heater+System+Development%3A+Part+I.+Design%2C+Construction%2C+and+Optimization&rft.au=Evans%2C+R+G%3BAlshami%2C+A+S&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=331&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+ASAE&rft.issn=00012351&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - orchards ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling Flow and Pollutant Transport in a Karst Watershed with SWAT AN - 20617231; 9316271 AB - Karst hydrology is characterized by multiple springs, sinkholes, and losing streams resulting from acidic water percolating through limestone. These features provide direct connections between surface water and groundwater and increase the risk of groundwater, spring, and stream contamination. Anthropogenic activities (agriculture, tourism, urban and residential areas) accentuate the contamination potentials. The objectives of this article are to present a modification of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (version 2005) that allows faster percolation through the soil substrate and recharge of the aquifer. This addition was necessary to simulate quick movement of water through vertical conduits that characterize karst topography. The model was calibrated for the James River basin, a large watershed (3,600 km super(2)) in southwest Missouri. Losing streams were simulated by specifying high soil conductivities in the channels, and sinkholes were simulated as ponds with a high hydraulic conductivity at the bottom. Results indicated that the changes improved the partition of stream flow between surface and return flow. Water quality results indicated that the SWAT model can be used to simulate the frequency of occurrence of pollutant concentrations and daily loads. This case study highlights the possibilities and limitations in modeling flow and water pollutant movement in a karst watershed. JF - Transactions of the ASAE AU - Baffaut, C AU - Benson, V W AD - 241 Agricultural Engineering Building, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA, Claire.baffaut@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - April 2009 SP - 469 EP - 479 VL - 52 IS - 2 SN - 0001-2351, 0001-2351 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts KW - Hydraulics KW - Freshwater KW - Watersheds KW - Water quality KW - Ponds KW - Soil KW - Hydrologic Models KW - USA, Missouri KW - Hydrology KW - Topography KW - Sinkholes KW - Influent Streams KW - anthropogenic factors KW - River discharge KW - River basins KW - Channels KW - Surface-groundwater Relations KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Groundwater KW - Aquifers KW - Hydraulic conductivity KW - Agriculture KW - Surface water KW - Pollution dispersion KW - Anthropogenic factors KW - Groundwater Pollution KW - Karst KW - Streams KW - Percolation KW - Pollutants KW - Ground water KW - Water springs KW - water pollution KW - Karst hydrology KW - soil conductivity KW - Water pollution KW - case studies KW - Aquifer recharge KW - Karst Hydrology KW - Residential areas KW - stream flow KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - M2 556.16:Runoff (556.16) KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20617231?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+ASAE&rft.atitle=Modeling+Flow+and+Pollutant+Transport+in+a+Karst+Watershed+with+SWAT&rft.au=Baffaut%2C+C%3BBenson%2C+V+W&rft.aulast=Baffaut&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=469&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+ASAE&rft.issn=00012351&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pollution dispersion; Ground water; Anthropogenic factors; River discharge; Groundwater pollution; Water quality; Watersheds; Water pollution; Agriculture; Hydraulic conductivity; Aquifers; Sinkholes; Percolation; Aquifer recharge; River basins; Karst; Karst hydrology; Topography; Hydraulics; soil conductivity; anthropogenic factors; Surface water; Streams; Ponds; case studies; Soil; Channels; Residential areas; stream flow; Water springs; Hydrology; Groundwater; water pollution; Hydrologic Models; Influent Streams; Pollutants; Surface-groundwater Relations; Karst Hydrology; Groundwater Pollution; USA, Missouri; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Adsorption and Desorption of Phosphorus and Nitrogen by Immersed Stalks AN - 20615712; 9316267 AB - Adsorption and desorption of phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) by stalk residues may influence the concentrations of P and N in runoff. A laboratory study was conducted to measure the effects of P and N constituents in solution on adsorption and desorption of P and N by corn, soybean, and wheat stalk residues. Experimental variables included type of stalk material (corn, soybean, and wheat), inorganic nutrients in solution (PO sub(4)-P and NO sub(3)-N; PO sub(4)-P and NH sub(4)-N; NO sub(3)-N and NH sub(4)-N; and PO sub(4)-P, NO sub(3)-N, and NH sub(4)-N), solution concentration (0, 6, 12, and 24 kg g super(-1) residue), and stalk immersion period (25, 250, 2500, 25000, and 86400 s). The initial concentration of each of the P and N constituents in a particular test solution was the same (0, 6, 12 or 24 kg mL super(-1)). Corn-stalk residues released PO sub(4)-P, NO sub(3)-N, and NH sub(4)-N. The quantity of PC sub(4)-P released generally increased as the length of time the corn stalks were immersed became greater. The presence of P and N constituents in solution in general did not affect the quantity NO sub(3)-N released by corn-stalk residues. Soybean-stalk residues released PO sub(4)-P and adsorbed relatively small amounts of NH sub(4)-N. Wheat-stalk residues released PO sub(4)-P, and adsorbed NO sub(3)-N and NH sub(4)-N. The presence of stalk residues, P or N solution concentration, and residue immersion period may influence P and N concentrations of overland flow. The amount of P and N adsorbed or desorbed by residue materials can be significantly different if more than one nutrient constituent is present in solution. JF - Transactions of the ASAE AU - Gilley, JE AU - Eghball, B AU - Marx, D B AD - USDA-ARS, 251 Chase Hall, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583-0934, USA, John.Gilley@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 429 EP - 436 VL - 52 IS - 2 SN - 0001-2351, 0001-2351 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Adsorption KW - Triticum aestivum KW - Residues KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20615712?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+ASAE&rft.atitle=Adsorption+and+Desorption+of+Phosphorus+and+Nitrogen+by+Immersed+Stalks&rft.au=Gilley%2C+JE%3BEghball%2C+B%3BMarx%2C+D+B&rft.aulast=Gilley&rft.aufirst=JE&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=429&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+ASAE&rft.issn=00012351&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Residues; Triticum aestivum ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laboratory host range testing of Neomusotima conspurcatalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) - a potential biological control agent of the invasive weed, Old World climbing fern, Lygodium microphyllum (Lygodiaceae) AN - 20613771; 9327899 AB - Old World climbing fern, Lygodium microphyllum, is a serious invasive weed in south Florida. Development of biological control is vital for sustainable management of L. microphyllum. Neomusotima conspurcatalis was discovered in Hong Kong in 1997 and was subsequently found causing feeding damage on L. microphyllum in much of its native range in Asia. Quarantine testing of N. conspurcatalis used 37 non-Lygodium fern species representative of New World genera of cultivated ferns and fern allies, one gymnosperm, three crop species, six Lygodium species, and the primary host L. microphyllum. No significant oviposition or feeding was observed on any of the 41 non-Lygodium species evaluated. Oviposition and feeding occurred on all Lygodium species, but amounts were low and usually significantly less than observed on L. microphyllum. The exception was L. japonicum, which was preferred as an oviposition host. Neomusotima conspurcatalis was only able to complete development on L. japonicum and L. palmatum, but survival on these species was only half that occurring on L. microphyllum. Neomusotima conspurcatalis is a Lygodium specialist. Lygodium japonicum is an invasive weed in the United States. Lygodium palmatum is restricted to areas of the United States where freezing winter temperatures would be lethal to N. conspurcatalis. It was concluded that N. conspurcatalis would pose no threat to native or cultivated plants in North America or the Caribbean and should be considered for biocontrol of L. microphyllum. A release petition was submitted in 2005. An USDA-APHIS release permit for N. conspurcatalis was issued in 2007. JF - Biocontrol Science and Technology AU - Boughton, Anthony J AU - Bennett, Christine A AU - Goolsby, John A AU - Pemberton, Robert W AD - USDA-ARS Invasive Plant Research Laboratory, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 369 EP - 390 PB - Carfax Publishing Limited, Rankine Road Basingstoke Hants RG24 8PR UK, [mailto:info@tandf.co.uk], [URL:http://www.tandf.co.uk/homepages/carhome.html] VL - 19 IS - 4 SN - 0958-3157, 0958-3157 KW - Entomology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Temperature effects KW - Biological control KW - Weeds KW - Feeding KW - Host range KW - Freezing KW - Lygodium japonicum KW - Survival KW - Gymnosperms KW - Development KW - Crops KW - Lepidoptera KW - Climbing KW - Lygodium palmatum KW - Quarantine KW - Lygodium microphyllum KW - Oviposition KW - Lygodium KW - Crambidae KW - A 01370:Biological Control KW - Z 05330:Reproduction and Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20613771?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biocontrol+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Laboratory+host+range+testing+of+Neomusotima+conspurcatalis+%28Lepidoptera%3A+Crambidae%29+-+a+potential+biological+control+agent+of+the+invasive+weed%2C+Old+World+climbing+fern%2C+Lygodium+microphyllum+%28Lygodiaceae%29&rft.au=Boughton%2C+Anthony+J%3BBennett%2C+Christine+A%3BGoolsby%2C+John+A%3BPemberton%2C+Robert+W&rft.aulast=Boughton&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=369&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biocontrol+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=09583157&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F09583150902771194 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological control; Temperature effects; Feeding; Weeds; Host range; Freezing; Survival; Development; Gymnosperms; Crops; Climbing; Quarantine; Oviposition; Lygodium palmatum; Lygodium japonicum; Lygodium microphyllum; Lygodium; Lepidoptera; Crambidae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09583150902771194 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Non-target plant use by a weed biocontrol agent in idaho: host expansion or opportunistic behavior? AN - 20611446; 9327905 AB - Larinus curtus Hochhuth (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) was first introduced into the western United States from Greece for the biological control of yellow starthistle (YST), Centaurea solstitialis L., in 1992. The discovery of L. curtus adults in the open flowerheads of safflower (SF), Carthamus tinctorius L., near Lewiston, Idaho in 2007 suggested this weevil might be expanding its host range to include a non-target crop species closely related to YST. In 2008 field plots near the 2007 observation site, 92 L. curtus adults fed in open SF flowerheads (pollen feeding and minor feeding on corolla tubes). No eggs were found in the ovarioles of 19 pollen-feeding females. No eggs, larvae, or evidence of larval feeding were detected in 39 tagged SF capitula, and no adults emerged from approximately 7,135 post-flowering SF capitula. These collective results are not indicative of an expanding developmental host-range of L. curtus. Also, they are consistent with pre-release host-specificity test results. JF - Biocontrol Science and Technology AU - Clement, S L AU - Smith, L J AU - Prena, J AU - Kleene, M D AU - Johnson, R C AD - USDA, ARS, Plant Germplasm Introduction and Testing Research Unit, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 455 EP - 461 PB - Carfax Publishing Limited, Rankine Road Basingstoke Hants RG24 8PR UK, [mailto:info@tandf.co.uk], [URL:http://www.tandf.co.uk/homepages/carhome.html] VL - 19 IS - 4 SN - 0958-3157, 0958-3157 KW - Entomology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Biological control KW - Centaurea solstitialis KW - Feeding KW - Weeds KW - Flowers KW - Host range KW - Coleoptera KW - Carthamus tinctorius KW - Host plants KW - Eggs KW - Pollen KW - Crops KW - Curculionidae KW - Ovarioles KW - Z 05340:Ecology and Behavior KW - A 01370:Biological Control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20611446?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biocontrol+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Non-target+plant+use+by+a+weed+biocontrol+agent+in+idaho%3A+host+expansion+or+opportunistic+behavior%3F&rft.au=Clement%2C+S+L%3BSmith%2C+L+J%3BPrena%2C+J%3BKleene%2C+M+D%3BJohnson%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Clement&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=455&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biocontrol+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=09583157&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F09583150902722791 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological control; Weeds; Feeding; Flowers; Host range; Ovarioles; Host plants; Crops; Pollen; Eggs; Centaurea solstitialis; Coleoptera; Curculionidae; Carthamus tinctorius DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09583150902722791 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Profile of the bovine acute-phase response following an intravenous bolus-dose lipopolysaccharide challenge AN - 20606992; 9319535 AB - Our objective was to characterize further the acute-phase response following endotoxin (i.e. lipopolysaccharide; LPS) exposure in the bovine. Nine pure-bred Angus castrated males (i.e. steers; average body weight = 299 plus or minus 5 kg) were used in a randomized complete block design in environmentally controlled chambers, set at thermoneutral level, to characterize the acute physiological, endocrine, immune, and acute-phase protein responses following an i.v. bolus administration of 2.5 mu g of LPS/kg body weight. One day before administration of LPS, all steers were fitted with an indwelling jugular vein catheter for serial blood collection. Blood samples were collected at 30-min intervals from -2h to 8h relative to the LPS challenge (time 0), and serum was harvested and stored at -80 degree C until analyzed for concentrations of cortisol, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and acute-phase proteins. Indicators of thermal status (i.e. rectal temperature, ruminal temperature, respiration rate, sweat rate, and skin temperatures) were measured at 30-min intervals from -1h to 6h relative to the challenge. Endotoxin exposure increased (P0.24) by the challenge. To our knowledge, this report is the most complete characterization of the bovine acute-phase response to a bolus-dose endotoxin challenge conducted under thermoneutral conditions and should provide foundation data for future research. JF - Innate Immunity AU - Carroll, JA AU - Reuter, R R AU - Chase, CC Jr AU - Coleman, S W AU - Riley, D G AU - Spiers, DE AU - Arthington, J D AU - Galyean, M L AD - USDA-ARS Livestock Issues Research Unit, 1604 East FM 1294, Lubbock, TX 79403, USA, jeff.carroll@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 81 EP - 89 VL - 15 IS - 2 SN - 1753-4259, 1753-4259 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Immunology Abstracts KW - Endotoxins KW - Interleukin 6 KW - gamma -Interferon KW - Interleukin 4 KW - Hydrocortisone KW - Interleukin 2 KW - Respiration KW - Sweat KW - Interleukin 1 KW - Ear KW - Acute phase substances KW - Body weight KW - Shoulder KW - Lipopolysaccharides KW - Glycoproteins KW - Temperature effects KW - Intravenous administration KW - Skin KW - Data processing KW - Jugular vein KW - Inflammation KW - Catheters KW - Tumor necrosis factor- alpha KW - Amyloid KW - X 24370:Natural Toxins KW - F 06910:Microorganisms & Parasites UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20606992?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Innate+Immunity&rft.atitle=Profile+of+the+bovine+acute-phase+response+following+an+intravenous+bolus-dose+lipopolysaccharide+challenge&rft.au=Carroll%2C+JA%3BReuter%2C+R+R%3BChase%2C+CC+Jr%3BColeman%2C+S+W%3BRiley%2C+D+G%3BSpiers%2C+DE%3BArthington%2C+J+D%3BGalyean%2C+M+L&rft.aulast=Carroll&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=81&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Innate+Immunity&rft.issn=17534259&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F1753425908099170 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Interleukin 6; Temperature effects; Endotoxins; gamma -Interferon; Interleukin 4; Intravenous administration; Data processing; Skin; Hydrocortisone; Interleukin 2; Sweat; Respiration; Interleukin 1; Ear; Jugular vein; Inflammation; Acute phase substances; Body weight; Shoulder; Catheters; Lipopolysaccharides; Tumor necrosis factor- alpha; Glycoproteins; Amyloid DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1753425908099170 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Studying Fire Mitigation Strategies in Multi-Ownership Landscapes: Balancing the Management of Fire-Dependent Ecosystems and Fire Risk AN - 20599118; 9299934 AB - Public forests are surrounded by land over which agency managers have no control, and whose owners expect the public forest to be a 'good neighbor.' Fire risk abatement on multi-owner landscapes containing flammable but fire-dependent ecosystems epitomizes the complexities of managing public lands. We report a case study that applies a landscape disturbance and succession model (LANDIS) to evaluate the relative effectiveness of four alternative fire mitigation strategies on the Chequamegon-Nicolet National Forest (Wisconsin, USA), where fire-dependent pine and oak systems overlap with a rapidly developing wildland-urban interface (WUI). We incorporated timber management of the current forest plan and fire characteristics (ignition patterns, fire sizes, and fuel-specific fire spread rates) typical for the region under current fire suppression policies, using a combination of previously published fire analyses and interactive expert opinion from the national forest. Of the fire mitigation strategies evaluated, reduction of ignitions caused by debris-burning had the strongest influence on fire risk, followed by the strategic redistribution of risky forest types away from the high ignition rates of the WUI. Other treatments (fire breaks and reducing roadside ignitions) were less effective. Escaped fires, although rare, introduced significant uncertainty in the simulations and are expected to complicate fire management planning. Simulations also show that long-term maintenance of fire-dependent communities (that is, pine and oak) representing the greatest forest fire risk requires active management. Resolving conflict between the survival of fire-dependent communities that are regionally declining and continued rural development requires strategic planning that accounts for multi-owner activities. JF - Ecosystems AU - Sturtevant, Brian R AU - Miranda, Brian R AU - Yang, Jian AU - He, Hong S AU - Gustafson, Eric J AU - Scheller, Robert M AD - Institute for Applied Ecosystem Studies, USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, 5985 Highway K, Rhinelander, Wisconsin, 54501, USA, bsturtevant@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 445 EP - 461 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 VL - 12 IS - 3 SN - 1432-9840, 1432-9840 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - succession KW - Ecosystems KW - Forests KW - Survival KW - USA, Wisconsin KW - Succession KW - national forests KW - mitigation KW - conflicts KW - Fires KW - disturbance KW - Forest fires KW - roadsides KW - Landscape KW - Simulation KW - public lands KW - Maintenance KW - case studies KW - rural development KW - Case reports KW - Roadsides KW - survival KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20599118?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecosystems&rft.atitle=Studying+Fire+Mitigation+Strategies+in+Multi-Ownership+Landscapes%3A+Balancing+the+Management+of+Fire-Dependent+Ecosystems+and+Fire+Risk&rft.au=Sturtevant%2C+Brian+R%3BMiranda%2C+Brian+R%3BYang%2C+Jian%3BHe%2C+Hong+S%3BGustafson%2C+Eric+J%3BScheller%2C+Robert+M&rft.aulast=Sturtevant&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=445&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecosystems&rft.issn=14329840&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10021-009-9234-8 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fires; Case reports; Roadsides; Landscape; Survival; Succession; conflicts; succession; disturbance; Forest fires; Ecosystems; roadsides; Forests; Simulation; public lands; Maintenance; national forests; case studies; mitigation; rural development; survival; USA, Wisconsin DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10021-009-9234-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - CONTROL OF LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES ON FRANKFURTERS WITH ANTIMICROBIALS AND HYDRODYNAMIC PRESSURE PROCESSING* AN - 20575842; 9289675 AB - ABSTRACTThe antilisterial activity of sodium diacetate and pediocin (ALTA 2341) on frankfurters was evaluated in combination with hydrodynamic pressure processing (HDP). Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of these strains as determined in tryptic soy broth was 0.4% and >600 AU/mL, for sodium diacetate and ALTA 2341, respectively. Frankfurters were surface inoculated with a five-strain mixture of Listeria monocytogenes after dipping in (1) control (sterile water); (2) 5% sodium diacetate; (3) 3% ALTA 2341(P1); (4) 6% ALTA 2341 (P2); (5) P1 + sodium diacetate; and (6) P2 + sodium diacetate for 5 min. The frankfurters were vacuum-packaged and treated with hydrodynamic pressure or without HDP. Frankfurters were analyzed at 0, 7, 14 and 28 d for pH, L. monocytogenes (MOX) and aerobic (TSAYE) cell populations during storage at 4C. Antimicrobials and HDP treatment did not change (P < 0.05) the frankfurter pH. HDP treatment significantly reduced (1 log10 cfu/g) L. monocytogenes populations in frankfurters. Dipping treatments containing sodium diacetate or ALTA 2341 did not significantly reduce L. monocytogenes in frankfurters. There was a no synergistic effect between ALTA 2341 and HDP for inhibition of L. monocytogenes. The reduction pattern in aerobic cell populations during storage of antimicrobials and HDP-treated frankfurters was similar to that of L. monocytogenes reduction. These results indicate that the ALTA 2341 preparation was not efficient enough to kill L. monocytogenes. Other antimicrobials should be evaluated in conjunction with HDP treatment for synergistic inhibition of L. monocytogenes during storage at 4C.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSSince the early 1980s, when Listeria monocytogenes was first recognized as an emerging food-borne pathogen, numbers of outbreaks of human listeriosis have been reported. Many of these outbreaks are associated with processed meats. Because of the high mortality rate associated with listeriosis, a zero tolerance approach for L. monocytogenes in ready-to-eat meats and poultry products has been selected by many countries, including the U.S.A. We reported significant L. monocytogenes reduction in frankfurters using hydrodynamic pressure (HDP) treatment. HDP processing using a nonexplosive energy source can be used to reduce L. monocytogenes in frankfurters. While pediocin and organic acids used in our study reduce L. monocytogenes during storage, their practical use is not significant as the reduction is marginal. Other antimicrobials should be evaluated in conjunction with high-pressure processing for required reduction of L. monocytogenes during storage at 4C. JF - Journal of Muscle Foods AU - Patel, J R AU - SANGLAY, G C AU - Solomon, M B AD - Food Technology and Safety LaboratoryBeltsville Agricultural Research CenterAgriculture Research Service, USDABeltsville, MD 20705-2350 Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 227 EP - 241 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road VL - 20 IS - 2 SN - 1046-0756, 1046-0756 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Listeria monocytogenes KW - Mortality KW - Poultry KW - Antibacterial activity KW - Hydrodynamics KW - Listeriosis KW - Food KW - Muscles KW - Pathogens KW - Minimum inhibitory concentration KW - pediocin KW - Antimicrobial agents KW - Soybeans KW - Meat KW - organic acids KW - Sodium diacetate KW - Frankfurters KW - Energy KW - Colony-forming cells KW - Pressure KW - pH effects KW - J 02450:Ecology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20575842?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Muscle+Foods&rft.atitle=CONTROL+OF+LISTERIA+MONOCYTOGENES+ON+FRANKFURTERS+WITH+ANTIMICROBIALS+AND+HYDRODYNAMIC+PRESSURE+PROCESSING*&rft.au=Patel%2C+J+R%3BSANGLAY%2C+G+C%3BSolomon%2C+M+B&rft.aulast=Patel&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=227&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Muscle+Foods&rft.issn=10460756&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1745-4573.2009.00145.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mortality; Poultry; Hydrodynamics; Antibacterial activity; Listeriosis; Food; Muscles; Pathogens; Minimum inhibitory concentration; Soybeans; Antimicrobial agents; pediocin; Meat; organic acids; Sodium diacetate; Frankfurters; Colony-forming cells; Energy; Pressure; pH effects; Listeria monocytogenes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4573.2009.00145.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Antioxidant Activities of Purple Rice Bran Extract and Its Effect on the Quality of Low-NaCl, Phosphate-Free Patties Made from Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) Belly Flap Meat AN - 20575029; 9289564 AB - ABSTRACT: Purple rice bran contains high amounts of natural antioxidants that consist of water- and lipid-soluble compounds. Hexane-insoluble and hexane-soluble fractions were separated from 100% methanolic extract from purple rice bran (RBE-HI and RBE-HS, respectively). Total anthocyanin, tannin, flavonoid, and phenolics contents were determined in those fractions, and their antioxidant capacities were evaluated by measuring 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging capability, oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), and iron chelating capability (ICC). RBE-HI and RBE-HS were also added to restructured patties made from minced channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) belly flap meat. Lipid oxidation, color, and-or textural properties were determined for raw and cooked patties during a 12-d storage at 4 degree C. All antioxidant indices, except for ICC, of RBE-HI were significantly higher than those of RBE-HS due probably to its higher anthocyanin content (P < 0.05). RBE-HS showed higher ICC (P < 0.05). However, both fractions showed similar antioxidant activity in raw and cooked patties during storage, resulting from the complexity of antioxidant action in food systems. Textural properties (hardness, cohesiveness, chewiness, and springiness) in cooked patties with RBE-HS and RBE-HI were well maintained during storage, but changed significantly in the control (P < 0.05). Only RBE-HS limited microbial growth in raw patties during storage (P < 0.05), but its inhibitory effect was marginal because of low-dose and physical interactions with the matrix. L* (lightness) and a* (redness) of raw and cooked patties decreased significantly by both fractions, whereas b* (yellowness) was significantly decreased by RBE-HI and increased by RBE-HS (P < 0.05). In conclusion, we suggest that purple rice bran extract is applicable to meat products as a natural preservative, but color change in the products may limit its application. JF - Journal of Food Science AU - Min, B AU - Chen, M-H AU - Green, B W AD - 1Authors Min and Chen are with U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Rice Research Unit, 1509 Aggie Dr., Beaumont, TX 77713, U.S.A. Author Green is with U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Stuttgart National Aquaculture Research Center, 2955 HWY 130E, Stuttgart, AR 72160, U.S.A. Direct inquiries to author Green, bartgreen@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - C268 EP - C277 PB - Institute of Food Technology VL - 74 IS - 3 SN - 0022-1147, 0022-1147 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - antimicrobial activity KW - antioxidant activity KW - channel catfish belly flap meat KW - purple rice bran extract KW - textural properties KW - Meat products KW - Anthocyanins KW - Flavonoids KW - Antioxidants KW - Abdomen KW - Food KW - Oryza sativa KW - Ictalurus punctatus KW - Lipid peroxidation KW - Color KW - Meat KW - Reactive oxygen species KW - phenolic compounds KW - Tannic acid KW - Absorbance KW - Iron KW - Preservatives KW - Radicals KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20575029?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Food+Science&rft.atitle=Antioxidant+Activities+of+Purple+Rice+Bran+Extract+and+Its+Effect+on+the+Quality+of+Low-NaCl%2C+Phosphate-Free+Patties+Made+from+Channel+Catfish+%28Ictalurus+punctatus%29+Belly+Flap+Meat&rft.au=Min%2C+B%3BChen%2C+M-H%3BGreen%2C+B+W&rft.aulast=Min&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=C268&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Food+Science&rft.issn=00221147&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1750-3841.2009.01108.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Anthocyanins; Meat products; Flavonoids; Antioxidants; Food; Abdomen; Lipid peroxidation; Color; Meat; Reactive oxygen species; phenolic compounds; Absorbance; Tannic acid; Iron; Preservatives; Radicals; Oryza sativa; Ictalurus punctatus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2009.01108.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling the Growth Characteristics of Listeria monocytogenes and Native Microflora in Smoked Salmon AN - 20574918; 9289582 AB - ABSTRACT: Smoked salmon contaminated with Listeria monocytogenes has been implicated in foodborne listeriosis. The objectives of this study were to model the growth characteristics and examine the growth relationship of L. monocytogenes and native microflora in smoked salmon. Smoked salmon samples with a native microflora count of 2.9 log10 CFU-g were inoculated with a 6-strain mixture of L. monocytogenes to levels of log10 1.6 and log10 2.8 CFU-g, and stored at 4, 8, 12, and 16 degree C. Growth characteristics (lag phase duration [LPD, h], growth rate [GR, log10 CFU-h], and maximum population density [MPD, log10 CFU-g]) of L. monocytogenes and native microflora were determined. At 4 to 16 degree C, the LPD, GR, and MPD were 254 to 35 h, 0.0109 to 0.0538 log10 CFU-h, and 4.9 to 6.9 log10 CFU-g for L. monocytogenes, respectively, and were 257 to 29 h, 0.0102 to 0.0565 log10 CFU-h, and 8.5 to 8.8 log10 CFU-g for native microflora. The growth characteristics of L. monocytogenes or the native microflora were not significantly different (P > 0.05), regardless the initial levels of L. monocytogenes. Mathematical equations were developed to describe the LPD, GR, and MPD of L. monocytogenes and native microflora as a function of storage temperature. The growth relationship between L. monocytogenes and native microflora was modeled and showed that the LPD and GR of L. monocytogenes were similar to those of native microflora. These models can be used to estimate the growth characteristics of L. monocytogenes in smoked salmon, and thereby enhance the microbiological safety of the product. JF - Journal of Food Science AU - Hwang, C-A AU - Sheen, S AD - 1Authors are with Microbial Food Safety Research Unit, Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, 600 E, Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038. Direct inquiries to author Hwang, Andy.Hwang@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - M125 EP - M130 PB - Institute of Food Technology VL - 74 IS - 3 SN - 0022-1147, 0022-1147 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - growth rate KW - lag phase KW - Listeria monocytogenes KW - native microflora KW - smoked salmon KW - Temperature effects KW - Growth rate KW - Lag phase KW - Mathematical models KW - Listeriosis KW - Food KW - Temperature KW - Population density KW - microflora KW - Models KW - Storage KW - Growth KW - Microflora KW - salmon KW - Salmonidae KW - J 02410:Animal Diseases KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology KW - H 4000:Food and Drugs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20574918?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Food+Science&rft.atitle=Modeling+the+Growth+Characteristics+of+Listeria+monocytogenes+and+Native+Microflora+in+Smoked+Salmon&rft.au=Hwang%2C+C-A%3BSheen%2C+S&rft.aulast=Hwang&rft.aufirst=C-A&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=M125&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Food+Science&rft.issn=00221147&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1750-3841.2009.01090.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth rate; Temperature effects; Lag phase; Mathematical models; Listeriosis; Food; Population density; Microflora; Models; Storage; Growth; Temperature; salmon; microflora; lag phase; Listeria monocytogenes; Salmonidae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2009.01090.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development Of A Quantitative Pasture Phosphorus Management Tool Using The SWAT model AN - 20563947; 9261493 AB - Assessment tools to evaluate phosphorus loss from agricultural lands allow conservation planners to evaluate the impact of management decisions on water quality. Available tools to predict phosphorus loss from agricultural fields are either: (1) qualitative indices with limited applicability to address offsite water quality standards, or (2) models which are prohibitively complex for application by most conservation planners. The purpose of this research was to develop a simple interface for a comprehensive hydrologic/water quality model to allow its usage by farmers and conservation planners. The Pasture Phosphorus Management (PPM) Calculator was developed to predict average annual phosphorus (P) losses from pastures under a variety of field conditions and management options. PPM Calculator is a vastly simplified interface for the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model that requires no knowledge of SWAT by the user. PPM Calculator was validated using 33 months of data on four pasture fields in northwestern Arkansas. This tool has been extensively applied in the Lake Eucha/Spavinaw Basin in northeastern Oklahoma and northwestern Arkansas. PPM Calculator allows conservation planners to take advantage of the predictive capacity of a comprehensive hydrologic water quality model typically reserved for use by hydrologists and engineers. This research demonstrates the applicability of existing water quality models in the development of user friendly P management tools. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - White, MJ AU - Storm, DE AU - Smolen, MD AU - Zhang, H AD - USDA-ARS Grassland, Soil, and Water Research Laboratory, 808 East Blackland Road, Temple, Texas 76502, USA, mike.white@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 397 EP - 406 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 45 IS - 2 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Environment Abstracts KW - Prediction KW - water quality KW - Interfaces KW - Pastures KW - Phosphorus KW - Basins KW - Water resources KW - Water quality models KW - Water quality KW - Pasture KW - USA, Oklahoma KW - Soil KW - Water Quality Standards KW - Lakes KW - Agricultural land KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Assessments KW - Calculators KW - Lake Basins KW - Modelling KW - management tools KW - Hydrologists KW - Management tools KW - Water Quality KW - agricultural land KW - Water quality standards KW - Water management KW - Conservation KW - USA, Arkansas KW - ENA 06:Food & Drugs KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - M2 556.18:Water Management (556.18) KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20563947?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Development+Of+A+Quantitative+Pasture+Phosphorus+Management+Tool+Using+The+SWAT+model&rft.au=White%2C+MJ%3BStorm%2C+DE%3BSmolen%2C+MD%3BZhang%2C+H&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=MJ&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=397&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.l752-1688.2008.00295.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Prediction; Water management; Phosphorus; Water resources; Calculators; Water quality; Modelling; Hydrologists; Conservation; Water quality models; Water quality standards; Soil; management tools; water quality; Agricultural land; Lakes; Management tools; Basins; agricultural land; Pasture; Water Quality Standards; Hydrologic Models; Assessments; Interfaces; Pastures; Water Quality; Lake Basins; USA, Oklahoma; USA, Arkansas DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.l752-1688.2008.00295.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of Empirically Derived Source-Destination Models to Map Regional Conservation Corridors AN - 20559098; 9256900 AB - Abstract:The ability of populations to be connected across large landscapes via dispersal is critical to long-term viability for many species. One means to mitigate population isolation is the protection of movement corridors among habitat patches. Nevertheless, the utility of small, narrow, linear features as habitat corridors has been hotly debated. Here, we argue that analysis of movement across continuously resistant landscapes allows a shift to a broader consideration of how landscape patterns influence connectivity at scales relevant to conservation. We further argue that this change in scale and definition of the connectivity problem improves one's ability to find solutions and may help resolve long-standing disputes regarding scale and definition of movement corridors and their importance to population connectivity. We used a new method that combines empirically derived landscape-resistance maps and least-cost path analysis between multiple source and destination locations to assess habitat isolation and identify corridors and barriers to organism movement. Specifically, we used a genetically based landscape resistance model for American black bears (Ursus americanus) to identify major movement corridors and barriers to population connectivity between Yellowstone National Park and the Canadian border. Even though western Montana and northern Idaho contain abundant public lands and the largest wilderness areas in the contiguous United States, moving from the Canadian border to Yellowstone Park along those paths indicated by modeled gene flow required bears to cross at least 6 potential barriers. Our methods are generic and can be applied to virtually any species for which reliable maps of landscape resistance can be developed. Utilizacion de Modelos Fuente-Destino Empiricamente Derivados para Cartografiar Corredores de Conservacion RegionalesResumen:La habilidad de las poblaciones para estar conectadas en paisajes extensos por medio de la dispersion es critica para la viabilidad de muchas especies a largo plazo. La proteccion de los corredores de movimiento entre fragmentos de habitat es una forma de mitigar el aislamiento de una poblacion. Sin embargo, la utilidad de elementos lineales, angostos y pequenos como corredores de habitat se ha debatido acaloradamente. Aqui, argumentamos que el analisis del movimiento a traves de paisajes resistentes permite un cambio hacia una mayor consideracion de como influyen los patrones del paisaje sobre la conectividad a escalas mas relevantes para la conservacion. Tambien argumentamos que este cambio en escala y definicion del problema de la conectividad mejora nuestra habilidad para encontrar soluciones y puede ayudar a resolver disputas relacionadas con la escala y definicion de los corredores de movimiento y su importancia para la conectividad de la poblacion. Utilizamos un nuevo metodo que combina mapas de resistencia del paisaje derivados empiricamente con analisis de ruta de costo minimo entre multiples localidades fuente y destino para evaluar el aislamiento de habitat e identificar corredores y barreras para el movimiento de organismos. Especificamente utilizamos un modelo de resistencia de paisaje basado geneticamente para osos negros americanos (Ursus americanus) para identificar los principales corredores y barreras de movimiento para la conectividad de la poblacion entre el Parque Nacional Yellowstone y la frontera canadiense. Aunque el oeste de Montana y el norte de Idazo contienen abundantes tierras publicas y las areas silvestres mas extensas de los Estados Unidos, el movimiento desde la frontera canadiense hasta el Parque Yellowstone a lo largo de las rutas indicadas por el flujo genico modelado requeria que los osos cruzaran por lo menos 6 barreras potenciales. Nuestros metodos son genericos y pueden ser aplicados en practicamente cualquier especie para la que se puedan desarrollar mapas de resistencia de paisaje confiables. JF - Conservation Biology AU - Cushman, Samuel A AU - McKELVEY, KEVIN S AU - Schwartz, Michael K AD - U.S.D.A. Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station, 800 East Beckwith, Missoula, MT 59801, U.S.A. Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 368 EP - 376 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road VL - 23 IS - 2 SN - 0888-8892, 0888-8892 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - animal movement KW - black bear KW - connectivity KW - corridor KW - least-cost path KW - Ursus americanus KW - Yellowstone to Yukon KW - conectividad KW - corredor KW - movimiento de animales KW - oso negro KW - ruta de costo minimo KW - Yellowstone a Yukon KW - Landscape KW - national parks KW - Lo KW - Habitat KW - public lands KW - dispersal KW - Models KW - disputes KW - USA, Idaho KW - bears KW - Ruta KW - Parks KW - Wilderness KW - Conservation KW - Dispersal KW - USA, Montana KW - Gene mapping KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20559098?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Conservation+Biology&rft.atitle=Use+of+Empirically+Derived+Source-Destination+Models+to+Map+Regional+Conservation+Corridors&rft.au=Cushman%2C+Samuel+A%3BMcKELVEY%2C+KEVIN+S%3BSchwartz%2C+Michael+K&rft.aulast=Cushman&rft.aufirst=Samuel&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=368&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Conservation+Biology&rft.issn=08888892&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1523-1739.2008.01111.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Landscape; Wilderness; Parks; Conservation; Dispersal; Habitat; Gene mapping; Models; disputes; bears; national parks; public lands; dispersal; Ursus americanus; Ruta; Lo; USA, Idaho; USA, Montana DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2008.01111.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Factors influencing surface runoff generation from two agricultural hillslopes in central Pennsylvania AN - 20557932; 9267728 AB - The variable source area (VSA) concept provides the underlying paradigm for managing phosphorus losses in runoff in the north-eastern USA. This study sought to elucidate factors controlling runoff along two hillslopes with contrasting soils, including characterizing runoff generation mechanisms and hydrological connectivity. Runoff monitoring plots (2 m X 1 m) were established in various landscape positions. Footslope positions were characterized by the presence of a fragipan that contributed to seasonally perched water tables. In upslope positions without a fragipan, runoff was generated primarily via the infiltration-excess (IE) mechanism (96% of events) and was largely disconnected from downslope runoff. Roughly 80% of total runoff originated from the north footslope landscape position via saturation-excess (SE) (46% of events; 62% of runoff) and IE (54% of events; 38% of runoff) mechanisms. Runoff from the north hillslope was substantially greater than the south hillslope despite their proximity, and apparently was a function of the extent of fragipan representation. Results demonstrate the influence of subsurface soil properties (e.g. fragipan) on surface runoff generation in variable source area hydrology settings, which could be useful for improving the accuracy of existing runoff prediction tools. Published in 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. JF - Hydrological Processes AU - Buda, Anthony R AU - Kleinman, Peter J A AU - Srinivasan, M S AU - Bryant, Ray B AU - Feyereisen, Gary W AD - USDA Agricultural Research Service, Building 3702 Curtin Road, University Park, PA 16802, USA, Anthony.Buda@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 1295 EP - 1312 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD UK, [mailto:customer@wiley.co.uk], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 23 IS - 9 SN - 0885-6087, 0885-6087 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Prediction KW - Perched Water KW - Hydrologic analysis KW - Surface Runoff KW - Phosphorus KW - USA, Pennsylvania KW - Soil properties KW - Surface runoff KW - Hydrology KW - Soil Properties KW - Monitoring KW - Runoff KW - Topography KW - SW 0835:Streamflow and runoff KW - M2 556.16:Runoff (556.16) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20557932?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrological+Processes&rft.atitle=Factors+influencing+surface+runoff+generation+from+two+agricultural+hillslopes+in+central+Pennsylvania&rft.au=Buda%2C+Anthony+R%3BKleinman%2C+Peter+J+A%3BSrinivasan%2C+M+S%3BBryant%2C+Ray+B%3BFeyereisen%2C+Gary+W&rft.aulast=Buda&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1295&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrological+Processes&rft.issn=08856087&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fhyp.7237 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hydrologic analysis; Soil properties; Hydrology; Surface runoff; Topography; Prediction; Perched Water; Surface Runoff; Phosphorus; Soil Properties; Monitoring; Runoff; USA, Pennsylvania DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.7237 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uniting ecological and genetic data for the conservation of wild ibex AN - 20551670; 9253813 JF - Animal Conservation AU - Schwartz, M K AD - 1 U.S.D.A. Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Missoula, MT, USA Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 103 EP - 104 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road VL - 12 IS - 2 SN - 1367-9430, 1367-9430 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Data processing KW - Conservation KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - G 07750:Ecological & Population Genetics KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20551670?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Animal+Conservation&rft.atitle=Uniting+ecological+and+genetic+data+for+the+conservation+of+wild+ibex&rft.au=Schwartz%2C+M+K&rft.aulast=Schwartz&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=103&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Animal+Conservation&rft.issn=13679430&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1469-1795.2009.00253.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data processing; Conservation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-1795.2009.00253.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dry matter partitioning and quality of Miscanthus, Panicum, and Saccharum genotypes in Arkansas, USA AN - 20532121; 9215616 AB - The partitioning and quality of aboveground biomass have important ramifications for crop management and biomass conversion. In preliminary studies, Saccharum sp. x Miscanthus sp. hybrids exhibited stubble cold tolerance in west-central Arkansas, unlike Saccharum sp. x Saccharum spontaneum hybrids. The objective was to examine foliar and stem quality of the C sub(4) grasses Miscanthus sinensis ('Gracillimus'), Miscanthus x giganteus (Q42641, proprietary), Panicum virgatum ('Alamo'), and two F sub(1) hybrids of Saccharum sp. x Miscanthus sp. (US84-1028 and US84-1058) in a field study during 2004 (plant cane) and 2005 (first stubble) near Booneville, AR. Switchgrass produced more stems m super(-2) than the other entries both years, and there was little difference in stem number among other entries. Clone US84-1028 yielded more dry mass m" super(2) than other entries in plant cane, while switchgrass, US84-1028, and M. x giganteus did not differ in first stubble. Clone US84-1028 also had more stem dry mass and leaf dry mass than other entries both yr. Tissue N concentrations were low for these entries, but leaves contained about twice the N of stems ( less than or equal to 15.2 and 7.8 g kg super(-1), respectively). Leaves represented as much as one-third of total biomass, and had large cellulose ( less than or equal to 482 g kg super(-1)) and lignin (167 g kg super(-1)) concentrations. The competitively high biomass yield of this small sample of sugarcane alleles should encourage the expansion of the crop beyond its current production regions. Sugarcane and M. x giganteus should be examined in higher-input temperate systems because of their bioenergy potential. JF - Biomass and Bioenergy AU - Burner, D M AU - Tew, T L AU - Harvey, J J AU - Belesky, D P AD - USDA-ARS, Dale Bumpers Small Farms Research Center, 6883 South State Highway 23, Booneville, AR 72927, United States Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 610 EP - 619 VL - 33 IS - 4 SN - 0961-9534, 0961-9534 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Grasses KW - Carcinoembryonic antigen KW - Cellulose KW - dry matter KW - Genotypes KW - Crops KW - Saccharum KW - Hybrids KW - Cold tolerance KW - Saccharum spontaneum KW - Miscanthus KW - Panicum virgatum KW - Leaves KW - Biomass KW - Panicum KW - hybrids KW - cold tolerance KW - Miscanthus sinensis KW - Stubble KW - Lignin KW - Dry matter KW - USA, Arkansas KW - ENA 06:Food & Drugs KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - W 30945:Fermentation & Cell Culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20532121?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biomass+and+Bioenergy&rft.atitle=Dry+matter+partitioning+and+quality+of+Miscanthus%2C+Panicum%2C+and+Saccharum+genotypes+in+Arkansas%2C+USA&rft.au=Burner%2C+D+M%3BTew%2C+T+L%3BHarvey%2C+J+J%3BBelesky%2C+D+P&rft.aulast=Burner&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=610&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biomass+and+Bioenergy&rft.issn=09619534&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biombioe.2008.10.002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Grasses; Hybrids; Stubble; Lignin; Cellulose; Carcinoembryonic antigen; Cold tolerance; Leaves; Dry matter; Genotypes; Biomass; Crops; cold tolerance; hybrids; dry matter; Panicum virgatum; Panicum; Saccharum; Miscanthus sinensis; Saccharum spontaneum; Miscanthus; USA, Arkansas DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2008.10.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cost-effective conservation programs: The role of economics AN - 20518917; 9206521 AB - As global demand for food and fuel grows, the potential tradeoff between agricultural production and environmental quality has renewed urgency. While grain and soybean prices have retreated from previous peaks, demand for food and fuel remains strong and prices continue at levels well above their 2004 to 2006 averages. These market signals are encouraging the use of additional land, water, and other inputs in crop production. If pursued without caution, however, increasingly intensive agricultural production can damage land, deplete water resources, and degrade the environment. JF - Journal of Soil and Water Conservation AU - Claassen, R AD - USDA Economic Research Service, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 VL - 64 IS - 2 SN - 0022-4561, 0022-4561 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Damage KW - Prices KW - Environmental Quality KW - Agricultural production KW - Fuels KW - Water resources KW - crop production KW - Soybeans KW - Peak Demand KW - Soil KW - Foods KW - Economics KW - Environmental quality KW - Conservation KW - Fuel KW - soybeans KW - Water Resources KW - ENA 06:Food & Drugs KW - SW 0845:Water in soils KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20518917?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.atitle=Cost-effective+conservation+programs%3A+The+role+of+economics&rft.au=Claassen%2C+R&rft.aulast=Claassen&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=53A&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.issn=00224561&rft_id=info:doi/10.2489%2Fjswc.64.2.53A LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Fuels; Agricultural production; Economics; Conservation; Environmental quality; Water resources; crop production; soybeans; Damage; Foods; Environmental Quality; Prices; Fuel; Peak Demand; Water Resources; Soybeans DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2489/jswc.64.2.53A ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Farming with grass--for people, for profit, for production, for protection AN - 20518702; 9206528 AB - Achieving sustainable mixed agricultural landscapes in grassland environments is a broad, perhaps audacious goal; yet, the need for change in current agricultural systems is undeniable. Today's agriculture and food systems are deeply rooted from the era of cheap energy and fertilizers, an assumption of static climate, and the ability of entities to "externalize" environmental and social costs. With society currently facing the end of cheap energy and a growing awareness of climate change linked to rising concentrations of greenhouse gases, additional pressures are likely to emerge--expanding human population and increasing competition for scarce water supplies. Change in, and uncertainty about, such key drivers of ecological and economic systems require a fundamental reassessment of agricultural and food systems. It is time to rethink how agriculture is performed; we need more secure and resilient food systems and enhanced economic opportunities in rural communities. With agriculture occupying about 40% of the global land surface, goals for clean water, clean air, and diverse biota cannot be met without good ecological stewardship of agricultural lands. Grasses and other perennials have a major role to play in more diverse and resilient agricultural systems needed to meet the multitude of ecological functions derived from agricultural lands. JF - Journal of Soil and Water Conservation AU - Steiner, J L AU - Franzluebbers, A J AD - Grazinglands Research Laboratory of the USDA Agricultural Research Service in El Reno, Oklahoma, USA Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - April 2009 VL - 64 IS - 2 SN - 0022-4561, 0022-4561 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Agriculture KW - Grasses KW - Water conservation KW - Climate change KW - social impact KW - Sustainable development KW - Water supplies KW - Soil KW - Biota KW - Fertilizers KW - Economics KW - Soils KW - Profit KW - Climates KW - agriculture KW - agricultural land KW - Greenhouse effect KW - Human Population KW - Agrochemicals KW - Environmental protection KW - profits KW - Water supply KW - Grasslands KW - Foods KW - Social Costs KW - Soil conservation KW - human populations KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Environment management KW - competition KW - Rural areas KW - AQ 00007:Industrial Effluents KW - Q2 09123:Conservation KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - SW 4020:Evaluation process KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20518702?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.atitle=Farming+with+grass--for+people%2C+for+profit%2C+for+production%2C+for+protection&rft.au=Steiner%2C+J+L%3BFranzluebbers%2C+A+J&rft.aulast=Steiner&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=75A&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.issn=00224561&rft_id=info:doi/10.2489%2Fjswc.64.2.75A LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fertilizers; Water conservation; Soils; Climate change; Soil conservation; Greenhouse effect; Environment management; Environmental protection; Water supply; Grasses; agriculture; social impact; Sustainable development; agricultural land; Agrochemicals; Water supplies; profits; Soil; Grasslands; Biota; Economics; human populations; Greenhouse gases; Rural areas; competition; Agriculture; Foods; Profit; Social Costs; Climates; Human Population DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2489/jswc.64.2.75A ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predicting soil organic carbon sequestration in the southeastern United States with EPIC and the soil conditioning index AN - 20516222; 9206533 AB - The Soil Conditioning Index (SCI) is a relatively simple model that predicts the consequences of cropping systems and tillage practices on the status of soil organic matter in a field. The SCI is administered by the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service to predict a positive or negative trend in soil organic matter based on knowledge of field operations, erosion loss, and organic matter inputs but has not been adequately tested against long-term management conditions that could affect soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics. We calibrated the Environmental Policy Integrated Climate model (EPIC v. 3060) for three major land resource areas in the southeastern United States using 5 to 10 years of measured SOC data to develop a predictive relationship of SOC for 50-year simulations with SCI values. Management systems included conventional tillage and no tillage in (1) a two-year rotation of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)/sorghum (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench)-corn (Zea mays L.) with low and high fertilizer application on a Blackland Prairie site in Texas, (2) a two-year rotation of corn-cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) with and without dairy manure application on a Coastal Plain site in Alabama, and (3) in monoculture cotton on a Mississippi Upland site. Across sites and fertilizer conditions, SOC sequestration during 50 years of using EPIC was greater under no tillage (9.5 Mg ha super(-1) [4.2 tn ac super(-1)]) than under conventional tillage (6.3 Mg ha super(-1) [2.8 tn acr super(-1)]) (p < 0.01). Although simulated SOC using EPIC was weakly related to SCI values, the relationship fit well within a larger dataset from the southeastern United States. The comprehensive EPIC model and the simpler SCI model could be useful tools to determine SOC storage among different management systems in the southeastern United States. JF - Journal of Soil and Water Conservation AU - Abrahamson, DA AU - Causarano, HJ AU - Williams, J R AU - Norfleet, M L AU - Franzluebbers, A J AD - USDA Agricultural Research Service in Watkinsville, Georgia, USA Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 134 EP - 143 VL - 64 IS - 2 SN - 0022-4561, 0022-4561 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Manure KW - Cotton KW - ASW, USA, Alabama KW - Organic carbon KW - USA, Southeast KW - Sorghum bicolor KW - Soil KW - ASW, USA, Texas KW - Triticum aestivum KW - Fertilizers KW - Zea mays KW - plains KW - Sorghum KW - wheat KW - Animal wastes KW - Organic Carbon KW - Organic matter KW - prairies KW - Simulation KW - Water Conservation KW - Soil Organic Matter KW - Environmental policy KW - Agrochemicals KW - Gossypium hirsutum KW - Model Studies KW - Fertilizer application KW - Dairies KW - Erosion KW - ASW, USA, Mississippi KW - Tillage KW - Natural resources KW - Conservation KW - tillage KW - Wheat KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20516222?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.atitle=Predicting+soil+organic+carbon+sequestration+in+the+southeastern+United+States+with+EPIC+and+the+soil+conditioning+index&rft.au=Abrahamson%2C+DA%3BCausarano%2C+HJ%3BWilliams%2C+J+R%3BNorfleet%2C+M+L%3BFranzluebbers%2C+A+J&rft.aulast=Abrahamson&rft.aufirst=DA&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=134&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.issn=00224561&rft_id=info:doi/10.2489%2Fjswc.64.2.134 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - wheat; Cotton; Manure; Animal wastes; Organic matter; Organic carbon; prairies; Simulation; Agrochemicals; Environmental policy; Fertilizer application; Soil; Erosion; Dairies; Fertilizers; Natural resources; Conservation; plains; tillage; Organic Carbon; Tillage; Water Conservation; Wheat; Soil Organic Matter; Sorghum; Model Studies; Sorghum bicolor; Triticum aestivum; Zea mays; Gossypium hirsutum; ASW, USA, Texas; ASW, USA, Mississippi; ASW, USA, Alabama; USA, Southeast DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2489/jswc.64.2.134 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of Assessment of Citrus Canker Foliar Symptoms by Experienced and Inexperienced Raters AN - 20498166; 9188592 AB - Citrus canker (Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri) is destructive in many citrus production regions in tropical and subtropical parts of the world. Assessment of canker symptoms is required for diverse reasons, including monitoring epidemics, evaluating the efficacy of control strategies, and disease response in breeding material. The objectives were to compare the ability of experienced and inexperienced raters at assessing citrus canker, to identify factors that affect the quality of the assessment, to determine common sources of error, and to discern how error is related to actual disease magnitude. Two-hundred digital leaf images (0 to 37% area infected) were assessed once by 28 raters, five of whom were experienced plant pathologists (PPs), and 23 who had no experience in disease severity assessment (NPPs). True disease (lesion number [LN], % necrotic area [%N], and % chlorotic+necrotic area [%CN]) was measured using image analysis on a leaf-by-leaf basis, and each parameter was estimated by the 28 raters. LN was neither severely over- nor underestimated, while %N was greatly overestimated, with a lesser tendency to overestimate %CN over the true severity range of these two symptom types. A linear relationship existed between estimate of the disease and true disease for all measures of severity. Data were heteroscedastic and error was not constant with increasing true disease. Agreement between rater estimates and true disease was measured with Lin's concordance correlation coefficient (r sub(c)). LN showed greatest agreement (r sub(c) = 0.88 to 0.99), followed by %CN (r sub(c) = 0.80 to 0.95) and %N (r sub(c) = 0.19 to 0.84). Greater lesion number resulted in overestimation of area infected for both %N and %CN. Overestimation was particularly noticeable at low disease severities. There was a linear relationship between log variance and log true disease for LN (r super(2) = 0.71), %N (r super(2) = 0.85), and %CN (r super(2) = 0.88), and raters tended to estimate disease above 10% to the nearest 5 or 10%. GLM analysis showed differences between PP and NPP groups in assessing disease. For LN, precision of assessment for both groups was similar (r super(2) > 0.92 and 0.94, respectively), but for estimates of %N and %CN, the PPs were more precise (%N and %CN, r super(2) = 0.61 and 0.73, respectively) compared to NPPs (%N and %CN, r super(2) = 0.45 and 0.58, respectively). Absolute error for mean LN was low. The absolute error of %N and %CN showed overestimation to approximately 8% area infected. Above 8%, absolute error increased, but comprised both over- and underestimation. For %N and %CN, relative error was almost exclusively positive and dramatic at severity 10% it was relatively small.. Error in rater estimates of canker severity is ubiquitous. Understanding these sources of error will aid in the development of both appropriate training and relevant rating aids. JF - Plant Disease AU - Bock, CH AU - Parker, P E AU - Cook, A Z AU - Riley, T AU - Gottwald, T R AD - University of Florida/USDA, 2001 S. Rock Rd., Ft. Pierce, FL 34945, USA, clive.bock@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 412 EP - 424 VL - 93 IS - 4 SN - 0191-2917, 0191-2917 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Citrus KW - Canker KW - Plant diseases KW - Data processing KW - Epidemics KW - Leaves KW - Plant breeding KW - Xanthomonas KW - Image processing KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20498166?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Disease&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+Assessment+of+Citrus+Canker+Foliar+Symptoms+by+Experienced+and+Inexperienced+Raters&rft.au=Bock%2C+CH%3BParker%2C+P+E%3BCook%2C+A+Z%3BRiley%2C+T%3BGottwald%2C+T+R&rft.aulast=Bock&rft.aufirst=CH&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=412&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Disease&rft.issn=01912917&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPDIS-93-4-0412 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Canker; Plant diseases; Epidemics; Data processing; Plant breeding; Leaves; Image processing; Citrus; Xanthomonas DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-93-4-0412 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Broad-Spectrum Resistance to Crown Rust, Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae, in Accessions of the Tetraploid Slender Oat, Avena barbata AN - 20497384; 9188584 AB - The use of race-specific seedling genes for resistance has been the primary means of controlling crown rust of oat (Puccinia coronata). As resistance genes from hexaploid cultivated oat, Avena sativa and, later, the wild hexaploid animated oat, A. sterilis, were deployed in oat cultivars, corresponding virulence in the crown rust population increased rapidly, such that the effective lifespan of a resistant cultivar in the United States is now 5 years or less. Introgression of resistance genes from diploid and tetraploid Avena spp. into hexaploid oat has been difficult due to differences in ploidy levels and the lack of homology of chromosomes between the two species. The wild tetraploid slender oat, A. barbata, has been a source of powdery mildew and stem rust resistance in cultivated oat but has largely been unexploited for crown rust resistance. In total, 359 accessions of A. barbata from the National Small Grains Collection were evaluated in seedling greenhouse tests. Of these accessions, 39% were at least moderately resistant when inoculated with a crown rust race with low virulence (DBBC). When tested further with a highly diverse bulk inoculum from the 2006 and 2007 St. Paul buckthorn nursery, 48 accessions (approximately 13%) were resistant. Many of these accessions were heterogeneous in reaction, but two accessions (PI320588 from Israel and PI337893 from Italy) were highly resistant (immune) and two others (PI337886 from Italy and PI367293 from Spain) consistently produced resistant reactions (chlorotic flecks) in all tests. Resistant accessions were found from throughout much of the natural range of A. barbata. Crosses of some of the better accessions have been made to cultivated oat. JF - Plant Disease AU - Carson, M L AD - United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Cereal Disease Lab, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108, USA, mcarson@umn.edu Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 363 EP - 366 VL - 93 IS - 4 SN - 0191-2917, 0191-2917 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Plant diseases KW - Stem rust KW - Diploids KW - Life span KW - Ploidy KW - Crown rust KW - Puccinia coronata KW - Powdery mildew KW - Greenhouses KW - Avena barbata KW - Virulence KW - Avena KW - Chromosomes KW - Homology KW - Avena sativa KW - Grain KW - Inoculum KW - Seedlings KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20497384?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Disease&rft.atitle=Broad-Spectrum+Resistance+to+Crown+Rust%2C+Puccinia+coronata+f.+sp.+avenae%2C+in+Accessions+of+the+Tetraploid+Slender+Oat%2C+Avena+barbata&rft.au=Carson%2C+M+L&rft.aulast=Carson&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=363&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Disease&rft.issn=01912917&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPDIS-93-4-0363 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Plant diseases; Diploids; Stem rust; Life span; Crown rust; Ploidy; Powdery mildew; Greenhouses; Virulence; Chromosomes; Homology; Inoculum; Grain; Seedlings; Avena barbata; Avena; Avena sativa; Puccinia coronata DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-93-4-0363 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Crown Rust Development and Selection for Virulence in Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae in an Oat Multiline Cultivar AN - 20494853; 9188582 AB - Crown rust, caused by Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae is the most important disease of cultivated oat in North America. Numerous race-specific (Pc) genes for crown rust have been found in Avena spp. but this type of resistance has not been durable when used in oat cultivars. Increasing diversity for resistance within a crop by the use of multiline cultivars or varietal mixtures has been proposed as a means of achieving durable resistance to highly variable pathogens such as P. coronata f. sp. avenae. Multiline cv. E77 was evaluated over multiple seasons in the University of Minnesota buckthorn nursery in St. Paul. Buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica, the alternate host of P. coronata) supports a sexually recombining, highly diverse crown rust population in the St. Paul nursery. Crown rust severity on flag leaves was measured multiple times on E77 and its 10 component lines during grain filling. Single-urediniospore isolates taken from crown rust samples during early stages of the epidemic and at the end of the epidemic were tested for virulence on the 10 component lines of E77 in greenhouse seedling tests. Crown rust development was reduced in E77 compared with the weighted mean of the component lines at all stages of the crown rust epidemics. The mean virulence of single-urediniospore isolates tended to increase late in the epidemic on E77. These data suggest that multilines may select for complex virulence or "super races" and any resistance effect may not be durable. JF - Plant Disease AU - Carson, M L AD - United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Cereal Disease Laboratory, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA, mcarson@umn.edu Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 347 EP - 353 VL - 93 IS - 4 SN - 0191-2917, 0191-2917 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Rhamnus cathartica KW - Plant diseases KW - Epidemics KW - Data processing KW - Crown rust KW - Leaves KW - Pathogens KW - Puccinia coronata KW - Crops KW - Greenhouses KW - Virulence KW - Avena KW - Grain KW - Seedlings KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20494853?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Disease&rft.atitle=Crown+Rust+Development+and+Selection+for+Virulence+in+Puccinia+coronata+f.+sp.+avenae+in+an+Oat+Multiline+Cultivar&rft.au=Carson%2C+M+L&rft.aulast=Carson&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=347&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Disease&rft.issn=01912917&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPDIS-93-4-0347 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Virulence; Plant diseases; Data processing; Epidemics; Grain; Leaves; Crown rust; Seedlings; Pathogens; Crops; Greenhouses; Rhamnus cathartica; Avena; Puccinia coronata DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-93-4-0347 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - First Report of Japanese Apple Rust Caused by Gymnosporangium yamadae on Malus spp. in North America H.Y. Yun AN - 20493140; 9188606 AB - Plants in the genus Malus Mill, are grown in temperate regions for fruit crops such as apple and ornamental landscape plants such as flowering crab apple. Gymnosporangium yamadae Miyabe ex G. Yamada, cause of Japanese apple rust, is known to attack economically important species of Malus in Asia. In August 2004 and July 2008, the aecial stage of a rust fungus was observed in Wilmington, DE and nearby in Media, PA on leaves of toringo crab apple (Malus toringo (Siebold) Siebold ex de Vriese), a cultivated plant native to Asia. On the basis of morphological and molecular characteristics, the fungus was identified as G. yamadae. This pathogen has not been previously reported in North America. The identification was confirmed by morphological comparisons with specimens of G. yamadae from Asia and descriptions as well as using the D1/D2 domain of 28S rDNA sequence data G. clavariiforme (GenBank Accession No. AR426211), G. clavipes (GenBank Accession No. DQ354545), G. cornutum (GenBank Accession No. AF426210), G. juniperi-virginianae (GenBank Accession Nos. AF522167, AY629316, and DQ354547), G. libocedri (GenBank Accession No. AF522168), G. sabinae (GenBank Accession Nos. AF426209 and AY512845) and G. yamadae (GenBank Accession Nos. FJ559373 and FJ559375). The specimens from North America included aecia of G. yamadae that are foliicolous, hypophyllous, roestelioid, and 4 to 7 mm high. The peridia are yellow-brown to brown and cornute to tubular with a closed brown tip at the apex and lacerate sides; the peridial remains often form a reticulate pattern. The peridial cells are long-narrow rhomboid, 83 to 120 km long with smooth outer walls and verrucose to echinulate inner and side walls. The aeciospores are globose, 18 to 28 x 19 to 29 km, with a slightly coronate surface and brown-yellow walls 2 to 3 km thick. The telia known on Juniperus spp. were not observed. The specimens were deposited in the U.S. National Fungus Collections (BPI 878846, BPI 878847, BPI 878848, and BPI 878849). The 28S rDNA sequence of G. yamadae from BPI 878849 was deposited in GenBank as Accession No. FJ455091. Aecia of G. juniperi-virginianae, cause of cedar apple rust, differ from G. yamadae in having recurved peridial walls at maturity. JF - Plant Disease AU - Minnis, A M AU - Rossman, A Y AD - Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD, USA Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 430 VL - 93 IS - 4 SN - 0191-2917, 0191-2917 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Flowering KW - Fruits KW - Juniperus KW - Plant diseases KW - Crop KW - Data processing KW - Ornamental plants KW - Decapoda KW - Landscape KW - Leaves KW - Pathogens KW - Gymnosporangium KW - Rust KW - Aeciospores KW - Telia KW - Malus KW - Aecia KW - Maturity KW - Media (culture) KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20493140?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Disease&rft.atitle=First+Report+of+Japanese+Apple+Rust+Caused+by+Gymnosporangium+yamadae+on+Malus+spp.+in+North+America+H.Y.+Yun&rft.au=Minnis%2C+A+M%3BRossman%2C+A+Y&rft.aulast=Minnis&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=430&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Disease&rft.issn=01912917&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPDIS-93-4-0430A LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Flowering; Fruits; Crop; Plant diseases; Ornamental plants; Data processing; Landscape; Leaves; Pathogens; Rust; Aeciospores; Telia; Aecia; Maturity; Media (culture); Juniperus; Decapoda; Malus; Gymnosporangium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-93-4-0430A ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Detection of Virulence to Resistance Gene Sr36 Within the TTKS Race Lineage of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici AN - 20493064; 9188585 AB - The stem rust resistance gene Sr36 confers a near-immune resistance reaction to many races of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici and is highly effective against race TTKSK (syn. Ug99), which possesses unusually broad virulence combinations. Because this gene is widely used in United States soft winter wheat germplasm and cultivars, it has been considered to be an important source of resistance to TTKSK. In 2007, moderately susceptible infection responses were observed on wheat lines and cultivars carrying Sr36 in a field screening nursery for stem rust at Njoro, Kenya. We derived 18 single-pustule isolates from stem rust samples collected from the 2007 Njoro nursery. The isolates were evaluated for virulence on 20 North American stem rust differential lines and on wheat lines and cultivars carrying Sr36, Sr31+Sr36, and Sr24+Sr31. Of the 18 isolates, 10 produced infection types 3+ to 4 on line W2691SrTt-l (monogenic for Sr36) and other lines that carry Sr36 and belonged to a new virulence phenotype that was not detected in previous years. These isolates were identified as race TTTSK. The remaining eight isolates were identified as races TTKSK (five isolates) and TTKST (three isolates), with avirulence and virulence, respectively, to Sr24. Thirteen simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were used to examine the genetic relationships among the three races in the TTKS lineage. All isolates in the lineage shared an identical SSR genotype and were clearly different from North American races. In all, 16 wheat cultivars and 60 elite breeding lines, postulated to possess Sr36, were susceptible to race TTTSK. The occurrence of race TTTSK with combined virulence on Sr31 and Sr36 has further broadened the virulence spectrum of the TTKS lineage and rendered an important source of resistance ineffective. JF - Plant Disease AU - Jin, Y AU - Szabo, L J AU - Rouse, M N AU - Fetch, T Jr AU - Pretorius, Z A AU - Wanyera, R AU - Njau, P AD - United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Cereal Disease Laboratory, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108, USA, yuejin@umn.edu Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 367 EP - 370 VL - 93 IS - 4 SN - 0191-2917, 0191-2917 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Plant diseases KW - Stem rust KW - Plant breeding KW - Genotypes KW - Infection KW - Puccinia graminis KW - Virulence KW - Genetic relationship KW - Triticum aestivum KW - Germplasm KW - Simple sequence repeats KW - Races KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20493064?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Disease&rft.atitle=Detection+of+Virulence+to+Resistance+Gene+Sr36+Within+the+TTKS+Race+Lineage+of+Puccinia+graminis+f.+sp.+tritici&rft.au=Jin%2C+Y%3BSzabo%2C+L+J%3BRouse%2C+M+N%3BFetch%2C+T+Jr%3BPretorius%2C+Z+A%3BWanyera%2C+R%3BNjau%2C+P&rft.aulast=Jin&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=367&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Disease&rft.issn=01912917&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPDIS-93-4-0367 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genetic relationship; Virulence; Plant diseases; Stem rust; Germplasm; Plant breeding; Simple sequence repeats; Genotypes; Infection; Races; Triticum aestivum; Puccinia graminis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-93-4-0367 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification and Molecular Characterization of a Potyvirus Isolated from Native Larkspur (Delphinium glaucum) in Alaska AN - 20491021; 9188603 AB - Wild larkspur, Delphinium glaucum S. Watson, grows throughout most of Alaska along roadsides and in forests and is planted as an ornamental. Leaves containing distinct vein-clearing and chlorotic mosaic symptoms were first noticed on several D. glaucum plants during 2000 at the Georgeson Botanical Garden in Fairbanks, AK. Although affected plants continued to produce normal flowers, by 2008, the plants developed overall stunting. Initially, virus presence was determined by a general differential centrifugation extraction and concentration protocol followed by examination of the partially purified virus and leaf sap by electron microscopy. Filamentous particles approximately 725 nm long were observed. Virion protein extractions analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed a putative coat protein (CP) of 635 kDa. Potyvirus identity (family Potyviridae) was confirmed with universal potyvirus antiserum in western blots and ELISA assays (Agdia, Inc., Elkhart, IN). Exotic larkspur plants, D. elatum L., growing next to diseased D. glaucum plants, did not exhibit symptoms nor were they positive for potyvirus when tested serologically as described previously. Total RNA was extracted from potyvirus-infected leaves and used in reverse transcriptase-PCR assays that specifically targeted potyviruses to generate genomic segments for identification and sequence analysis. Fragments representing portions of the helper component protease gene, HC-Pro (6700 bp), the cylindrical inclusion gene, CI (6700 bp), and the 3'-end (61.7 kbp) were purified, cloned, sequenced, and deposited in GenBank (Accession Nos. FJ349329, FJ349328, and FJ349327, respectively). The sequenced 3'-end (1,674 nt) revealed a partial nuclear inclusion protein gene. NIb (1 to 630 nt), a CP gene (631 to 1,443 nt), and a 3'-untranslated region (1,447 to 1,674 nt) attached to a poly (A) tail. Blast searches in GenBank for percent identities of the nucleotide and amino acid comparisons resulted in highest similarities in conserved regions among members in the genus Potyvirus. For example, the highest CI, CP, and HP amino acid identities (0 gaps) were 67% with Potato virus A (Accession No. AF543709), 74% with Araujia mosaic virus (Accession No. EF710625), and 65% with Potato virus A (Accession No. AJ131403), respectively. However, none of the identities were sufficient for inclusion with an existing potyvirus species, whereby the CP amino acid sequence identity must be at least 80% (1). Mechanical transmission of purified virus to Chenopodium amaranticolor, C. quinoa, D. elatum, D. glaucum, and Nicotiana benthamiana seedlings was unsuccessful. We conclude that the isolated virus is a new species in the genus Potyvirus and propose the name Delphinium vein-clearing virus (DeVCV). To our knowledge, this is the first report of a virus isolated from D. glaucum and is representative of the growing number of viruses found in native plants (3). The distribution of DeVCV-infected larkspur is not known in managed or natural ecosystems. Identification of new viruses from native plants is important, in that, the host plant may act as a virus reservoir for transmission to other ornamental and crop plants. JF - Plant Disease AU - Robertson, N L AU - Brown, K L AD - USDA, ARS, Subarctic Agricultural Research Unit, Palmer, AK, USA Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 428 VL - 93 IS - 4 SN - 0191-2917, 0191-2917 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Virions KW - Delphinium glaucum KW - Araujia mosaic virus KW - Ornamental plants KW - 3' Untranslated regions KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Forests KW - Chenopodium KW - Crops KW - Centrifugation KW - Delphinium KW - CP gene KW - Proteinase KW - Coat protein KW - genomics KW - Electron microscopy KW - Potyvirus KW - Western blotting KW - Flowers KW - Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay KW - Plant diseases KW - Leaves KW - SAP protein KW - Botanical gardens KW - Host plants KW - Nucleotides KW - Gel electrophoresis KW - Nicotiana benthamiana KW - RNA KW - Roadsides KW - Potyviridae KW - Mosaics KW - Inclusion bodies KW - Seedlings KW - Plant viruses KW - Potato virus A KW - Amino acid sequence KW - New species KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - V 22310:Genetics, Taxonomy & Structure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20491021?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Disease&rft.atitle=Identification+and+Molecular+Characterization+of+a+Potyvirus+Isolated+from+Native+Larkspur+%28Delphinium+glaucum%29+in+Alaska&rft.au=Robertson%2C+N+L%3BBrown%2C+K+L&rft.aulast=Robertson&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=428&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Disease&rft.issn=01912917&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPDIS-93-4-0428C LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Virions; Ornamental plants; 3' Untranslated regions; Nucleotide sequence; Forests; Crops; Centrifugation; CP gene; Coat protein; Proteinase; genomics; Electron microscopy; Western blotting; Plant diseases; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Flowers; Leaves; SAP protein; Botanical gardens; Host plants; Gel electrophoresis; Nucleotides; RNA; Roadsides; Mosaics; Inclusion bodies; Seedlings; Plant viruses; New species; Amino acid sequence; Potyvirus; Nicotiana benthamiana; Delphinium glaucum; Araujia mosaic virus; Delphinium; Potyviridae; Potato virus A; Chenopodium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-93-4-0428C ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling Disease Progression of Camellia Twig Blight Using a Recurrent Event Model AN - 20485193; 9178898 AB - To improve control of camellia twig blight (CTB) using sanitation methods, a more complete epidemiologic understanding of this disease is necessary. Three CTB disease stages were modeled using recurrent event analysis. Wound inoculated stems were observed at regular intervals for appearance of disease symptoms. Survival times (time from inoculation until symptom appearance) for the three disease stages (mild, moderate, and severe) were regressed against stem diameter, monthly mean hours/ day within a specified temperature range (15 to 30C), and season (spring, summer, fall, and winter). For all three CTB disease stages, stem diameter had a protective effect on survival times, while monthly mean hours/day in the specified temperature range and warmer seasons were risk factors. Based upon median ratios, the mild disease stage developed 2 to 3 times faster in spring, summer, and fall than in winter. Similarly, moderate and severe disease stages developed 2 to 2.5 times faster. For all three disease stages, seasonal differences in stage development were smaller among fall, spring, and summer, varying from 1 to 1.6 times faster. Recurrent event modeling of CTB progression provides knowledge concerning developmental expression of this disease, information necessary for creating a comprehensive, integrated disease management program. JF - Phytopathology AU - Thomson, J L AU - Copes, W E AD - Southern Regional Research Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA, jessica.thomson@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 378 EP - 384 VL - 99 IS - 4 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Temperature effects KW - Carcinoembryonic antigen KW - Survival KW - Developmental stages KW - Stems KW - Models KW - Wounds KW - Sanitation KW - Blight KW - Risk factors KW - Inoculation KW - Camellia KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20485193?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Modeling+Disease+Progression+of+Camellia+Twig+Blight+Using+a+Recurrent+Event+Model&rft.au=Thomson%2C+J+L%3BCopes%2C+W+E&rft.aulast=Thomson&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=378&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPHYTO-99-4-0378 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Sanitation; Risk factors; Blight; Carcinoembryonic antigen; Inoculation; Developmental stages; Survival; Stems; Wounds; Models; Camellia DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-99-4-0378 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of Molecular Markers for Phytophthora ramorum Detection and Identification: Testing for Specificity Using a Standardized Library of Isolates AN - 20483319; 9178900 AB - Given the importance of Phytophthora ramorum from a regulatory standpoint, it is imperative that molecular markers for pathogen detection are fully tested to evaluate their specificity in detection of the pathogen. In an effort to evaluate 11 reported diagnostic techniques, we assembled a standardized DNA library using accessions from the World Phytophthora Genetic Resource Collection for 315 isolates representing 60 described Phytophthora spp. as well as 11 taxonomically unclassified isolates. These were sent blind to collaborators in seven laboratories to evaluate published diagnostic procedures using conventional (based on internal transcribed spacer [ITS] and cytochrome oxidase gene [cox]1 and 2 spacer regions) and real-time polymerase chain reaction (based on ITS and cox1 and 2 spacer regions as well as b-tubulin and elicitin genes). Single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis using an automated sequencer for data collection was also evaluated for identification of all species tested. In general, the procedures worked well, with varying levels of specificity observed among the different techniques. With few exceptions, all assays correctly identified all isolates of P. ramorum and low levels of false positives were observed for the mito-chondrial cox spacer markers and most of the real-time assays based on nuclear markers (diagnostic specificity between 96.9 and 100%). The highest level of false positives was obtained with the conventional nested ITS procedure; however, this technique is not stand-alone and is used in conjunction with two other assays for diagnostic purposes. The results indicated that using multiple assays improved the accuracy of the results compared with looking at a single assay alone, in particular when the markers represented different genetic loci. The SSCP procedure accurately identified P. ramorum and was helpful in classification of a number of isolates to a species level. With one exception, all procedures accurately identified P. ramorum in blind evaluations of 60 field samples that included examples of plant infection by 11 other Phytophthora spp. The SSCP analysis identified eight of these species, with three identified to a species group. JF - Phytopathology AU - Martin, F N AU - Coffey, MD AU - Zeller, K AU - Hamelin, R C AU - Tooley, P AU - Garbelotto, M AU - Hughes, KJD AU - Kubisiak, T AU - Bilodeau, G J AU - Levy, L AU - Blomquist, C AU - Berger, PH AD - United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Salinas, CA, USA, frank.martin@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 390 EP - 403 VL - 99 IS - 4 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Single strand conformation polymorphism KW - Carcinoembryonic antigen KW - Cytochrome-c oxidase KW - Pathogens KW - Data collections KW - Infection KW - Cyclooxygenase-1 KW - Spacer region KW - Genetic resources KW - Classification KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Phytophthora KW - Tubulin KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20483319?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+Molecular+Markers+for+Phytophthora+ramorum+Detection+and+Identification%3A+Testing+for+Specificity+Using+a+Standardized+Library+of+Isolates&rft.au=Martin%2C+F+N%3BCoffey%2C+MD%3BZeller%2C+K%3BHamelin%2C+R+C%3BTooley%2C+P%3BGarbelotto%2C+M%3BHughes%2C+KJD%3BKubisiak%2C+T%3BBilodeau%2C+G+J%3BLevy%2C+L%3BBlomquist%2C+C%3BBerger%2C+PH&rft.aulast=Martin&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=390&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPHYTO-99-4-0390 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genetic resources; Spacer region; Classification; Single strand conformation polymorphism; Carcinoembryonic antigen; Polymerase chain reaction; Cytochrome-c oxidase; Data collections; Pathogens; Infection; Tubulin; Cyclooxygenase-1; Phytophthora DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-99-4-0390 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Post-Anthesis Moisture Increased Fusarium Head Blight and Deoxynivalenol Levels in North Carolina Winter Wheat AN - 20482483; 9178891 AB - Current models for forecasting Fusarium head blight (FHB) and deoxynivalenol (DON) levels in wheat are based on weather near anthesis, and breeding for resistance to FHB pathogens often relies on irrigation before and shortly after anthesis to encourage disease development. The effects of post-anthesis environmental conditions on FHB are poorly understood. We performed a field experiment at Kinston, NC, to explore the effects of increasing duration of post-anthesis moisture on disease incidence, disease severity, Fusarium-damaged kernels (FDK), percent infected kernels, and DON. The experiment had a split-plot design, and one trial was conducted in each of two successive years. Main plots consisted of post-anthesis mist durations of 0, 10, 20, or 30 days. Subplots were of eight cultivars in the first year and seven in the second year, two being susceptible to FHB and the remainder each with varying degrees of apparent type I and type II resistance. Plots were inoculated by spraying Fusarium graminearum macroconidia at mid-anthesis. Averaging across years and cultivars, 10 or 20 days of post-anthesis mist had the same effect (P , 0.198) and were associated with an approximately fourfold increase in mean disease incidence and eightfold increase in disease severity compared with 0 days of mist (P , 0.0002). In both years, mean FDK percentages at 0 and 10 days post-anthesis mist were the same and significantly lower than FDK percentages under 20 or 30 days of post-anthesis mist. Mist duration had a significant effect on percent kernels infected with Fusarium spp. as detected by a selective medium assay of 2007 samples. Averaging across all cultivars, in both years, DON levels increased significantly for 10 days compared with 0 days of mist, and increased again with 20 days of mist (P , 0.04). This is the first investigation to show that extended post-flowering moisture can have a significant enhancing effect on FHB, FDK, DON, and percent infected kernels of wheat. For all disease and toxin assays, cultivar rankings were significantly noncorrelated among mist durations in at least 1 year, suggesting that FHB screening programs might rank genotypes differently under extended post-anthesis moisture than without it. Our findings also imply that accurate forecasts of DON in small grains must take account of post-anthesis weather conditions. JF - Phytopathology AU - Cowger, C AU - Patton-Oezkurt, J AU - Brown-Guedira, G AU - Perugini, L AD - United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Department of Plant Pathology, USDA-ARS, Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA, Christina.Cowger@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 320 EP - 327 VL - 99 IS - 4 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Weather KW - Head KW - Carcinoembryonic antigen KW - Irrigation KW - Plant breeding KW - Pathogens KW - Genotypes KW - Spraying KW - Fusarium graminearum KW - Toxins KW - Models KW - Triticum aestivum KW - Vomitoxin KW - Blight KW - Grain KW - Kernels KW - Environmental conditions KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20482483?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Post-Anthesis+Moisture+Increased+Fusarium+Head+Blight+and+Deoxynivalenol+Levels+in+North+Carolina+Winter+Wheat&rft.au=Cowger%2C+C%3BPatton-Oezkurt%2C+J%3BBrown-Guedira%2C+G%3BPerugini%2C+L&rft.aulast=Cowger&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=320&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPHYTO-99-4-0320 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Weather; Head; Irrigation; Carcinoembryonic antigen; Plant breeding; Genotypes; Pathogens; Spraying; Toxins; Models; Vomitoxin; Blight; Grain; Kernels; Environmental conditions; Triticum aestivum; Fusarium graminearum DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-99-4-0320 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitative Trait Locus Mapping of Increased Fusarium Head Blight Susceptibility Associated with a Wild Emmer Wheat Chromosome AN - 20478594; 9178906 AB - Chromosome 2A of wild emmer wheat (Triticum turgidum var. dicoc-coides) genotype Israel A increases Fusarium head blight (FHB) severity when present in durum wheat (T. turgidum var. durum) cv. Langdon (LDN). The goal of this study was to identify regions of Israel A chromosome 2A associated with this difference in resistance. A recombinant inbred chromosome line population (RICL) from a cross between LDN and the LDN-Israel A chromosome 2A substitution line [LDN(DIC-2A)] was employed for analysis. Three greenhouse FHB evaluations were completed on the RICL to obtain phenotypic data on variation for FHB resistance, and a simple sequence repeat (SSR)-based molecular map of chromosome 2A was developed. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping identified a region on the long arm of chromosome 2A that was associated with FHB resistance in each independent FHB evaluation. Depending on the evaluation, the single best SSR marker in this region accounted for between 21 and 26% of the variation for FHB resistance, with the Israel A marker alleles associated with increased FHB susceptibility. The single best markers from each evaluation reside within an interval of approximately 22 cM. This study identifies one or more new QTL on chromosome 2A in tetraploid wheat that can contribute to significant variation in FHB resistance. JF - Phytopathology AU - Garvin, D F AU - Stack, R W AU - Hansen, J M AD - U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Plant Science Research Unit and Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, 411 Borlaug Hall. University of Minnesota, 1991 Upper Buford Circle, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA, david.garvin@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 447 EP - 452 VL - 99 IS - 4 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Fusarium KW - Quantitative trait loci KW - Data processing KW - Head KW - Carcinoembryonic antigen KW - Triticum turgidum KW - Genotypes KW - Greenhouses KW - Triticum aestivum KW - Triticum dicoccum KW - Chromosomes KW - Blight KW - Simple sequence repeats KW - Inbreeding KW - Mapping KW - Gene mapping KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20478594?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Quantitative+Trait+Locus+Mapping+of+Increased+Fusarium+Head+Blight+Susceptibility+Associated+with+a+Wild+Emmer+Wheat+Chromosome&rft.au=Garvin%2C+D+F%3BStack%2C+R+W%3BHansen%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Garvin&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=447&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPHYTO-99-4-0447 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Quantitative trait loci; Chromosomes; Data processing; Head; Blight; Carcinoembryonic antigen; Simple sequence repeats; Inbreeding; Genotypes; Mapping; Greenhouses; Gene mapping; Triticum aestivum; Fusarium; Triticum dicoccum; Triticum turgidum DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-99-4-0447 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of a culture independent method to characterize the chemotactic response of Flavobacterium columnare to fish mucus AN - 20478573; 9164866 AB - Flavobacterium columnare, the causative agent of columnaris disease, is a significant pathogen of many freshwater fish species worldwide and is considered one of the most important pathogens impacting the channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus Rafinesque) industry in the United States. Recent research has demonstrated that F. columnare exhibits a chemotactic response to mucus from the skin of catfish and this response may be important for pathogenesis. In this study, a culture independent method was developed to quantify the chemotactic response of F. columnare to skin mucus. The method employs the use of blind-well chemotaxis chambers which overcomes difficulties using the traditional capillary tube assay and uses a cell proliferation assay to quantify viable cells which reduces the time and labor associated with culturing the bacterium. Application of the method to two sets of catfish skin mucus samples demonstrated that there is variation in the chemotactic response of F. columnare to individual catfish mucus samples, and similar results were obtained to previously published research using the traditional capillary tube method. The use of this method will enhance the ability to further characterize the chemotactic response of F. columnare to catfish skin mucus in order to increase the understanding of this important host-pathogen interaction. JF - Journal of Microbiological Methods AU - LaFrentz, B R AU - Klesius, PH AD - Agricultural Research Service, Aquatic Animal Health Research Unit, 990 Wire Road, Auburn, AL 36832-4352, United States, benjamin.lafrentz@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 37 EP - 40 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 77 IS - 1 SN - 0167-7012, 0167-7012 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Chemoreception Abstracts KW - Skin KW - Freshwater environments KW - Mucus KW - Cell culture KW - Pathogens KW - Columnaris disease KW - Chemotaxis KW - Ictalurus punctatus KW - Chemotactic response KW - Host-pathogen interactions KW - Capillary tubes KW - Flavobacterium columnare KW - Cell proliferation KW - R 18003:Chemotaxis KW - A 01300:Methods KW - J 02300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20478573?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Microbiological+Methods&rft.atitle=Development+of+a+culture+independent+method+to+characterize+the+chemotactic+response+of+Flavobacterium+columnare+to+fish+mucus&rft.au=LaFrentz%2C+B+R%3BKlesius%2C+PH&rft.aulast=LaFrentz&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=37&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Microbiological+Methods&rft.issn=01677012&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.mimet.2008.12.011 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chemotactic response; Skin; Freshwater environments; Host-pathogen interactions; Capillary tubes; Cell culture; Mucus; Columnaris disease; Pathogens; Cell proliferation; Chemotaxis; Flavobacterium columnare; Ictalurus punctatus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mimet.2008.12.011 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular Characterization of Citrus tatter leaf virus Historically Associated with Meyer Lemon Trees: Complete Genome Sequence and Development of Biologically Active In Vitro Transcripts AN - 20477234; 9178903 AB - Citrus tatter leaf virus isolated from Meyer lemon trees (CTLV-ML) from California and Florida induces bud union incompatibility of citrus trees grafted on the widely used trifoliate and trifoliate hybrid rootstocks. The complete genome sequence of CTLV-ML was determined to be 6,495 nucleotides (nts), with two overlapping open reading frames (ORFs) and a poly (A) tail at the 3' end. The genome organization is similar to other capilloviruses, with ORF1 (nts 37 to 6.354) encoding a putative 242-kDa polyprotein which contains replication-associated domains plus a coat protein (CP), and ORF2 (nts 4,788 to 5,750), which is located within ORF1 in a different reading frame and encodes a putative movement protein. Although the proteins encoded by CTLV-ML possesses 84 to 96% amino acid sequence identity with strains of Apple stem grooving virus (ASGV), we observed two strikingly different regions in ORF1: variable region I (amino acids 532 to 570) and variable region II (amino acids 1,583 to 1,868), with only 15 to 18 and 56 to 62% identities, respectively, with the corresponding regions of ASGV strains. Conditions for a herbaceous systemic assay host were optimized in which the wild-type virus induced systemic infection in Phaseolus vulgaris cv. Light Red Kidney (LRK) bean plants at 19 or 22C but not at higher temperatures. In vitro transcripts generated from full-length cDNA clones induced systemic symptoms on LRK bean plants similar to that of the wild-type virus. Replication of the recombinant virus was confirmed by hybridization of a 5' positive-stranded RNA-specific probe to a genome-sized RNA and by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. JF - Phytopathology AU - Tatineni, S AU - Afunian, M R AU - Hilf, ME AU - Gowda, S AU - Dawson, W O AU - Garnsey, S M AD - Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida-IFAS, Lake Alfred 33850, USA, Satyanarayana.tatineni@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 423 EP - 431 VL - 99 IS - 4 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Genetics Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Genomes KW - polyproteins KW - Trees KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - DNA probes KW - Carcinoembryonic antigen KW - Disseminated infection KW - Apple stem grooving virus KW - Hybrids KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Coat protein KW - Temperature effects KW - Replication KW - Rootstocks KW - Leaves KW - Beans KW - Light effects KW - movement protein KW - RNA KW - Citrus tatter leaf virus KW - Kidney KW - Phaseolus vulgaris KW - Language KW - Plant viruses KW - Open reading frames KW - Variable region KW - Amino acid sequence KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - N 14815:Nucleotide Sequence KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - V 22310:Genetics, Taxonomy & Structure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20477234?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Molecular+Characterization+of+Citrus+tatter+leaf+virus+Historically+Associated+with+Meyer+Lemon+Trees%3A+Complete+Genome+Sequence+and+Development+of+Biologically+Active+In+Vitro+Transcripts&rft.au=Tatineni%2C+S%3BAfunian%2C+M+R%3BHilf%2C+ME%3BGowda%2C+S%3BDawson%2C+W+O%3BGarnsey%2C+S+M&rft.aulast=Tatineni&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=423&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPHYTO-99-4-0423 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Temperature effects; polyproteins; Trees; Replication; DNA probes; Nucleotide sequence; Disseminated infection; Carcinoembryonic antigen; Rootstocks; Leaves; Beans; Light effects; movement protein; RNA; Hybrids; Kidney; Polymerase chain reaction; Coat protein; Language; Plant viruses; Open reading frames; Amino acid sequence; Variable region; Citrus tatter leaf virus; Phaseolus vulgaris; Apple stem grooving virus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-99-4-0423 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mixed model analysis combining disease ratings and DNA sequences to determine host range of Uromyces salsolae for biological control of Russian thistle AN - 20474082; 9133816 AB - Russian thistle or tumbleweed (Salsola tragus L.) is an introduced invasive weed in N. America. It is widely distributed in the U.S. and is a target of biological control efforts. The obligate biotrophic rust fungus Uromyces salsolae Reichardt is a candidate biological control agent of Russian thistle, and host range tests were conducted in quarantine to determine whether the fungus is safe to release in N. America. Limited non-target effects were observed, but the tests were conducted under optimum conditions for disease and may reflect only the response of the germ plasm tested. To arrive at anticipated disease reactions of each species as a whole, disease reaction data were combined with a relationship matrix derived from DNA sequences and analyzed with mixed model equations (MME) to produce Best Linear Unbiased Predictors (BLUPs) of susceptibility for each species. These results showed that the MME were more useful than least squares methods in delimiting the host range of U. salsolae. Only species in the genus Salsola were susceptible to the fungus, and U. salsolae should be safe to release for the control of S. tragus in N. America. The MME were also used effectively in this study to generate BLUPs for rare or difficult to grow species that were not actually inoculated and to generate or validate lists of non-target plants for host range determinations. Advantages of the MME are discussed in light of host range determinations. JF - Biological Control AU - Berner, D K AU - Bruckart, W L AU - Cavin, C A AU - Michael, J L AD - Foreign Disease-Weed Science Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1301 Ditto 4venue, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA, dana.berner@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 68 EP - 76 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 49 IS - 1 SN - 1049-9644, 1049-9644 KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Animal model KW - BLUP KW - Classical biological control KW - Uromyces salsolae KW - Disease prediction KW - GDATA KW - Henderson's mixed model equations KW - Host-range testing KW - Invasive weeds KW - MME KW - Plant pathogens KW - PROC MIXED KW - Quartet puzzling KW - Reduced animal model KW - Relationship matrix KW - Rust fungus KW - Salsola tragus KW - SAS KW - Biological control KW - Weeds KW - Salsola KW - Host range KW - Data processing KW - Mathematical models KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Host plants KW - Rust KW - Models KW - Quarantine KW - Tragus KW - A 01370:Biological Control KW - N 14810:Methods KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20474082?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biological+Control&rft.atitle=Mixed+model+analysis+combining+disease+ratings+and+DNA+sequences+to+determine+host+range+of+Uromyces+salsolae+for+biological+control+of+Russian+thistle&rft.au=Berner%2C+D+K%3BBruckart%2C+W+L%3BCavin%2C+C+A%3BMichael%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Berner&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=68&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biological+Control&rft.issn=10499644&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biocontrol.2009.01.001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological control; Weeds; Mathematical models; Data processing; Host range; Nucleotide sequence; Quarantine; Rust; Host plants; Models; Salsola; Uromyces salsolae; Tragus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2009.01.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fruit fly liquid larval diet technology transfer and update AN - 20459191; 9146909 AB - AbstractSince October 2006, the US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) has been implementing a fruit fly liquid larval diet technology transfer, which has proceeded according to the following steps: (1) recruitment of interested groups through request; (2) establishment of the Material Transfer Agreement with agricultural research service; (3) fruit fly liquid larval diet starter kit sent to the requestor for preliminary evaluation; (4) problem-solving through email or onsite demonstration; (5) assessment on feedback from the participants to decide whether to continue the project. Up to date, the project has involved 35 participants from 29 countries and 26 species of fruit flies. Fourteen participants have concluded their evaluation of the process, and 11 of these 14, have deemed it to be successful. One participant has decided to implement the project on a larger scale.The 14 participants were, Argentina (Ceratitis capitata and Anastrepha fraterculus), Bangladesh (Bactrocera cucurbitae, C. capitata, and Bactrocera dorsalis), China (Fujia province) (B. dorsalis), Italy (C. capitata), Fiji (Bactrocera passiflorae), Kenya (Bactrocera invadens, Ceratitis cosyra), Mauritius (Bactrocera zonata and B. cucurbitae), Mexico (Anastrepha species), Philippines (Bactrocera philippinese), Thailand (Bactrocera correcta), Austria (C. capitata, Vienna 8 and A. fraterculus), Israel (Dacus ciliatus and C. capitata), South Africa (C. capitata, Vienna 8) and Australia (C. capitata).The Stellenbosch medfly mass-rearing facility in South Africa and the CDFA in Hawaii were two mass-scale rearing facilities that allowed us to demonstrate onsite rearing in a larger scale. Demonstrations were performed in CDFA in 2007, and in Stellenbosch, South Africa in 2008; both were found to be successful. The Stellenbosch medfly mass-rearing facility in South Africa decided to adopt the technology and is currently evaluating the quality control of the flies that were reared as larvae on a liquid diet. JF - Journal of Applied Entomology AU - Chang, CL AD - US Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, Honolulu, HI, USA, stella.chang@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 164 EP - 173 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road VL - 133 IS - 3 SN - 0931-2048, 0931-2048 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - fruit flies KW - liquid diet KW - technology transfer KW - Ceratitis KW - Ceratitis capitata KW - Diets KW - Bactrocera dorsalis KW - Anastrepha KW - Recruitment KW - Bactrocera cucurbitae KW - Dacus KW - Quality control KW - Bactrocera KW - Problem solving KW - Anastrepha fraterculus KW - Feedback KW - Z 05340:Ecology and Behavior KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20459191?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Entomology&rft.atitle=Fruit+fly+liquid+larval+diet+technology+transfer+and+update&rft.au=Chang%2C+CL&rft.aulast=Chang&rft.aufirst=CL&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=133&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=164&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Entomology&rft.issn=09312048&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1439-0418.2008.01345.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diets; Quality control; Recruitment; Problem solving; Feedback; Ceratitis capitata; Ceratitis; Bactrocera dorsalis; Bactrocera; Anastrepha; Anastrepha fraterculus; Dacus; Bactrocera cucurbitae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.2008.01345.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New DNA markers reveal presence of Aphthona species (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) believed to have failed to establish after release into leafy spurge AN - 20443679; 9133024 AB - Six species of Aphthona flea beetles from Europe have been introduced in North America for the purpose of controlling a noxious weed, leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula). In the years following the releases, five of the species have been recorded as being established at various locations. There is no evidence that the sixth species ever became established. A molecular marker key that can identify the DNA of the five established species is described. The key relies on restriction site differences found in PCR amplicons of a portion of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene. Three restriction enzymes are required to separate the immature specimens which are not visually separable. Adults which can be quickly separated into the two black species and three brown species require only two restriction enzymes to resolve the species. Many of the original releases and relocations of the flea beetles used populations containing mixed species that were often not thoroughly characterized as to species. The markers showed the presence of two Aphthona species in North Dakota that were believed to have been absent from the state for the past decade. Without the marker assay these populations would probably have been overlooked. JF - Biological Control AU - Roehrdanz, R AU - Olson, D AU - Fauske, G AU - Bourchier, R AU - Cortilet, A AU - Sears, S AD - Biosciences Research Laboratory, Red River Valley Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, 1605 Albrecht Blvd, Fargo, ND 58105, United States, richard.roehrdanz@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 1 EP - 5 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 49 IS - 1 SN - 1049-9644, 1049-9644 KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Entomology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Flea beetles KW - Leafy spurge KW - Euphorbia esula KW - Aphthona KW - Molecular species key KW - Mitochondrial DNA KW - DNA markers KW - Biological control KW - Weeds KW - Coleoptera KW - Enzymes KW - Mitochondria KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Cytochrome oxidase I KW - Geographical variations KW - Chrysomelidae KW - Z 05350:Medical, Veterinary, and Agricultural Entomology KW - A 01370:Biological Control KW - N 14835:Protein-Nucleic Acids Association UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20443679?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biological+Control&rft.atitle=New+DNA+markers+reveal+presence+of+Aphthona+species+%28Coleoptera%3A+Chrysomelidae%29+believed+to+have+failed+to+establish+after+release+into+leafy+spurge&rft.au=Roehrdanz%2C+R%3BOlson%2C+D%3BFauske%2C+G%3BBourchier%2C+R%3BCortilet%2C+A%3BSears%2C+S&rft.aulast=Roehrdanz&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biological+Control&rft.issn=10499644&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biocontrol.2008.12.008 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological control; Weeds; Cytochrome oxidase I; Polymerase chain reaction; Mitochondria; Enzymes; Geographical variations; Coleoptera; Euphorbia esula; Chrysomelidae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2008.12.008 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predictive model for growth of Clostridium perfringens during cooling of cooked ground chicken AN - 20422564; 9096184 AB - Traditional methodologies for development of microbial growth models under dynamic temperature conditions do not take into account the organism's history. Such models have been shown to be inadequate in predicting growth of the organisms under dynamic conditions commonly encountered in the food industry. The objective of the current research was to develop a predictive model for Clostridium perfringens spore germination and outgrowth in cooked chicken products during cooling by incorporating a function to describe the prior history of the microbial cell in the secondary model. Incorporating an assumption that growth kinetics depends in an explicit way on the cells' history could provide accurate estimates of growth or inactivation. Cooked, ground uncured chicken was inoculated with C. perfringens spores, and from this chicken, samples were formed and vacuum packaged. For the isothermal experiments, all samples were incubated in a constant temperature water baths stabilized at selected temperatures between 10 and 51 °C and sampled periodically. The samples were cooled from 54.4 to 27 °C and subsequently from 27 to 4 °C at different time periods (cooling rates) for dynamic cooling experiments. The standard model provided predictions that varied from the observed mean log10 growth values by magnitudes up to about 0.65 log10. However, for a selected memory model, estimates of log10 relative growth provided predictions within 0.3 log10 of the mean observed log10 growth values. These findings point to an improvement of predictions obtained by memory models over those obtained by the standard model. More study though is needed to validate the selected model. Industrial relevance Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. JF - Innovative Food Science and Emerging Technologies AU - Juneja, Vijay K AU - Marks, Harry AU - Thippareddi, Harshavardhan AD - Microbial Food Safety Research Unit, Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 600 E. Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038, United States, vijay.juneja@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 260 EP - 266 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 10 IS - 2 SN - 1466-8564, 1466-8564 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Isothermal KW - Dynamic KW - Lag phase duration KW - Exponential growth rates KW - Hazard function KW - Temperature effects KW - Agriculture KW - Memory KW - Food industry KW - Kinetics KW - Clostridium perfringens KW - Spore germination KW - Vacuum KW - Water temperature KW - J 02410:Animal Diseases KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20422564?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Innovative+Food+Science+and+Emerging+Technologies&rft.atitle=Predictive+model+for+growth+of+Clostridium+perfringens+during+cooling+of+cooked+ground+chicken&rft.au=Juneja%2C+Vijay+K%3BMarks%2C+Harry%3BThippareddi%2C+Harshavardhan&rft.aulast=Juneja&rft.aufirst=Vijay&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=260&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Innovative+Food+Science+and+Emerging+Technologies&rft.issn=14668564&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ifset.2008.11.008 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agriculture; Temperature effects; Memory; Food industry; Kinetics; Spore germination; Vacuum; Water temperature; Clostridium perfringens DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ifset.2008.11.008 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Purification of DNA from the cell-associated herpesvirus Marek's disease virus for 454 pyrosequencing using micrococcal nuclease digestion and polyethylene glycol precipitation AN - 20406415; 9081740 AB - Methods for the isolation of DNA from cell-associated herpesviruses have often yielded samples contaminated with host cellular DNA. Because 2nd and 3rd generation nucleotide sequencers do not rely on molecular cloning of viral DNA, there is a need to develop methods for isolating highly pure DNA from these viruses. The cell-associated alphaherpesvirus Marek's disease virus (MDV-1) was chosen as a test virus for the development of such methodologies. The genomes of six MDV-1 strains have previously been sequenced using both Sanger dideoxy sequencing and 454 Life Sciences pyrosequencing. These genomes largely represent cell culture adapted strains due to the difficulty in obtaining large quantities of DNA from true low passage isolates. There are clear advantages in analyzing MDV-1 virus taken directly from infected tissues or low passage isolates since serial passage attenuates the virus. Procedures using an ATP-dependent exonuclease and Phi29 DNA polymerase to degrade host DNA selectively and amplify MDV-1 DNA enzymatically from total DNA preps were attempted without much success. Ultimately, however, a protocol was developed for purification of low passage MDV-1 DNA from infected avian fibroblasts. The method builds upon and extends available protocols based on hypotonic lysis to release virus particles followed by micrococcal nuclease treatment to degrade cellular DNA. Intact high-molecular weight viral DNA is purified away from an excess of degraded cellular DNA using polyethylene glycol precipitation. 454-based pyrosequencing of viral DNA purified in this manner has generated data containing as little as 2.3% host sequence. On average, DNA preparations were 70% (+/-20%) pure yielding a genome coverage range of 25-74-fold. JF - Journal of Virological Methods AU - Volkening, J D AU - Spatz, S J AD - Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Athens, GA 30605, USA, Jeremy.Volkening@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 55 EP - 61 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 157 IS - 1 SN - 0166-0934, 0166-0934 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - Genomes KW - Alphaherpesvirus KW - Data processing KW - Herpesvirus KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Nuclease KW - Cell culture KW - Precipitation KW - DNA viruses KW - Nucleotides KW - Fibroblasts KW - DNA-directed DNA polymerase KW - Marek's disease herpesvirus KW - exonuclease KW - Purification KW - Polyethylene glycol KW - V 22300:Methods KW - N 14810:Methods KW - J 02300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20406415?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Virological+Methods&rft.atitle=Purification+of+DNA+from+the+cell-associated+herpesvirus+Marek%27s+disease+virus+for+454+pyrosequencing+using+micrococcal+nuclease+digestion+and+polyethylene+glycol+precipitation&rft.au=Volkening%2C+J+D%3BSpatz%2C+S+J&rft.aulast=Volkening&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=157&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=55&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Virological+Methods&rft.issn=01660934&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jviromet.2008.11.017 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Data processing; Nucleotide sequence; Nuclease; Cell culture; Precipitation; DNA viruses; Nucleotides; Fibroblasts; DNA-directed DNA polymerase; exonuclease; Purification; Polyethylene glycol; Alphaherpesvirus; Herpesvirus; Marek's disease herpesvirus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jviromet.2008.11.017 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inhibition of Rhizopus lactate dehydrogenase by fructose 1,6-bisphosphate AN - 20386419; 9063176 AB - The closely related fungi Rhizopus oryzae and Rhizopus delemar are often used for the production of lactic and fumaric acid, respectively. These organisms differ primarily by their ability to regenerate NAD through alternative fermentative routes. R. oryzae contains an NAD-dependent l-lactate dehydrogenase enzyme, RO-LdhA, that is primarily responsible for production of lactic acid, while both organisms contain another enzyme, LdhB that is thought to be involved in lactic acid production only under certain growth conditions. We have characterized LdhB from both R. oryzae and R. delemar, respectively referred to as RO-LdhB and RD-LdhB in this study, and have determined that RO-LdhB is significantly more effective than RD-LdhB with regard to kcat/Km with reductive LDH activity. Only negligible oxidative LDH activity could be measured with both enzymes; however, the presence of an amino terminal fusion with a small ubiquitin-related modifier, SUMO, increased the oxidative activity per mmol protein by more than 100-fold, while having little effect on the reductive LDH activity. We also determined that RO-LdhA, RO-LdhB, and RD-LdhB were all significantly inhibited in a non-competitive manner by fructose 1,6-bisphosphate (FBP) with Ki values of 1.2, 3.2, and 28.8 mM. Intracellular concentrations of FBP were tested with fermentative conditions to demonstrate that this metabolic intermediate does accumulate to levels that would likely cause inhibition of the R. oryzae LDH. Possible reasons for the significant Ki differences between the nearly identical LdhB proteins are discussed. JF - Enzyme and Microbial Technology AU - Skory, Christopher D AU - Mertens, Jeffrey A AU - Rich, Joseph O AD - USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Bioproducts and Biocatalysis Research Unit, 1815 N. University Street, Peoria, IL 61604, USA, Chris.Skory@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 242 EP - 247 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 44 IS - 4 SN - 0141-0229, 0141-0229 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Rhizopus oryzae KW - Lactate dehydrogenase KW - Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate KW - Fumaric acid KW - NAD KW - Growth conditions KW - Fungi KW - Fructose KW - Lactic acid KW - Enzymes KW - Rhizopus KW - L-Lactate dehydrogenase KW - A 01310:Products of Microorganisms KW - W 30945:Fermentation & Cell Culture KW - K 03320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20386419?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Enzyme+and+Microbial+Technology&rft.atitle=Inhibition+of+Rhizopus+lactate+dehydrogenase+by+fructose+1%2C6-bisphosphate&rft.au=Skory%2C+Christopher+D%3BMertens%2C+Jeffrey+A%3BRich%2C+Joseph+O&rft.aulast=Skory&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=242&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Enzyme+and+Microbial+Technology&rft.issn=01410229&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.enzmictec.2008.10.009 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fumaric acid; NAD; Growth conditions; Fungi; Fructose; Lactic acid; Enzymes; L-Lactate dehydrogenase; Rhizopus oryzae; Rhizopus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enzmictec.2008.10.009 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Competition between Salvinia minima and Spirodela polyrhiza mediated by nutrient levels and herbivory AN - 20371138; 9055666 AB - We investigated the effects of initial biomass, nutrients, herbivory, and competition with Spirodela polyrhiza (L.) Schleid on Salvinia minima Baker biomass and density. S. minima populations were subjected to two levels of herbivory (control vs. two adults per plant) from the weevil Cyrtobagous salviniae Calder and Sands and eight levels of competition from S. polyrhiza, while growing in high (5mgNl super(-) super(1)) or low (0.5mgNl super(-) super(1)) nutrient conditions. Herbivory was the most important factor in S. minima biomass production while competition or fertility had no measurable impact. In contrast, S. polyrhiza biomass was mediated primarily by nutrients, not competition. There was no herbivory treatment for this plant. S. polyrhiza was superior to S. minima at converting nutrients to biomass but this did not give it a competitive advantage since S. minima biomass was unchanged when herbivory was absent. S. minima can generally overtop S. polyrhiza which, in turn, can form multiple layers within its mat. These characteristics may act to lessen competition between these species, thereby permitting their habitat sharing. JF - Aquatic Botany AU - Tipping, P W AU - Bauer, L AU - Martin, M R AU - Center, T D AD - Ft. Lauderdale, FL, USA, Philip.tipping@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - April 2009 SP - 231 EP - 234 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl] VL - 90 IS - 3 SN - 0304-3770, 0304-3770 KW - Entomology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Fertility KW - Herbivory KW - Population density KW - Nutrients KW - Habitats KW - Interspecific relationships KW - Sand KW - Spirodela polyrhiza KW - Salvinia minima KW - Competition KW - Polyrhiza KW - Density KW - Aquatic plants KW - Biomass KW - Habitat KW - Cyrtobagous salviniae KW - Herbivores KW - Nutrients (mineral) KW - Q1 08483:Species interactions: general KW - Z 05340:Ecology and Behavior KW - SW 0810:General KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20371138?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+Botany&rft.atitle=Competition+between+Salvinia+minima+and+Spirodela+polyrhiza+mediated+by+nutrient+levels+and+herbivory&rft.au=Tipping%2C+P+W%3BBauer%2C+L%3BMartin%2C+M+R%3BCenter%2C+T+D&rft.aulast=Tipping&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=90&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=231&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+Botany&rft.issn=03043770&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.aquabot.2008.10.004 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fertility; Herbivores; Interspecific relationships; Population density; Aquatic plants; Nutrients (mineral); Competition; Sand; Herbivory; Nutrients; Habitat; Biomass; Habitats; Density; Cyrtobagous salviniae; Polyrhiza; Spirodela polyrhiza; Salvinia minima DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquabot.2008.10.004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inter- and intra-genomic heterogeneity of the intervening sequence in the 23S ribosomal RNA gene of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli AN - 20342362; 9020957 AB - An intervening sequence (IVS) can be present or absent in the 23S rRNA of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli. As part of a survey, we used a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay to detect the presence of the IVS in 43 isolates of C. coli and 82 isolates of C. jejuni. An IVS was present in 40 (93.0%) of the C. coli and only 34 (41.5%) of the C. jejuni isolates. Twelve (27.9%) of the C. coli isolates and seven (8.5%) of the C. jejuni isolates resulted in two polymerase chain reaction products, indicating heterogeneity in the presence of the 23S rRNA IVS. Fourteen of the isolates with two products were evaluated by pulse-field gel electrophoresis; 13 different patterns were observed. The total band size of one isolate was substantially greater than the expected 1.7Mb, possibly indicating a mixed culture. Southern blot analyses demonstrated the expected three rRNA operons in all tested isolates. Nested PCR reactions with operon-specific primers followed by primers for the IVS confirmed that the strains of interest contained either one or two operons carrying the IVS and the remaining operon(s) did not. Sequence analysis of the IVS and flanking regions of the 23S rRNA genes did not discriminate C. jejuni and C. coli as distinct populations. These results indicate horizontal transfer of 23S rRNA genes or portions of the genes between C. jejuni and C. coli. Also, data showing sequence polymorphisms between the three 23S rRNA loci outside of the IVS region suggest that the isolates with intra-genomic heterogeneity appear to be members of clones that have an ancient defect in gene conversion mechanisms needed for concerted evolution of the ribosomal operons. JF - Systematic and Applied Microbiology AU - Meinersmann, R J AU - Phillips, R W AU - Ladely AD - USDA Agricultural Research Service, Athens, Richard J. Russell Research Center, P.O. Box 5677, Athens, GA 30604, USA, rmeiners@saa.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 91 EP - 100 PB - Elsevier GmbH, Office Jena, P.O. Box 100537 Jena D-07705 Germany, [mailto:journals@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.de/] VL - 32 IS - 2 SN - 0723-2020, 0723-2020 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - Data processing KW - Mixed culture KW - rRNA 23S KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Gene polymorphism KW - Campylobacter coli KW - Horizontal transfer KW - Gel electrophoresis KW - Gene conversion KW - rRNA KW - Campylobacter jejuni KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Primers KW - Operons KW - Evolution KW - J 02310:Genetics & Taxonomy KW - N 14810:Methods KW - G 07770:Bacteria UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20342362?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Systematic+and+Applied+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Inter-+and+intra-genomic+heterogeneity+of+the+intervening+sequence+in+the+23S+ribosomal+RNA+gene+of+Campylobacter+jejuni+and+Campylobacter+coli&rft.au=Meinersmann%2C+R+J%3BPhillips%2C+R+W%3BLadely&rft.aulast=Meinersmann&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=91&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Systematic+and+Applied+Microbiology&rft.issn=07232020&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.syapm.2008.12.004 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data processing; Mixed culture; rRNA 23S; Gene polymorphism; Nucleotide sequence; Gel electrophoresis; Horizontal transfer; Gene conversion; rRNA; Polymerase chain reaction; Primers; Operons; Evolution; Campylobacter jejuni; Campylobacter coli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.syapm.2008.12.004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sulfite pretreatment (SPORL) for robust enzymatic saccharification of spruce and red pine AN - 20330049; 9012759 AB - This study established a novel process using sulfite pretreatment to overcome recalcitrance of lignocellulose (SPORL) for robust and efficient bioconversion of softwoods. The process consists of sulfite treatment of wood chips under acidic conditions followed by mechanical size reduction using disk refining. The results indicated that after the SPORL pretreatment of spruce chips with 8-10% bisulfite and 1.8-3.7% sulfuric acid on oven dry (od) wood at 180 °C for 30 min, more than 90% cellulose conversion of substrate was achieved with enzyme loading of about 14.6 FPU cellulase plus 22.5 CBU beta -glucosidase per gram of od substrate after 48 h hydrolysis. Glucose yield from enzymatic hydrolysis of the substrate per 100 g of untreated od spruce wood (glucan content 43%) was about 37 g (excluding the dissolved glucose during pretreatment). Hemicellulose removal was found to be as critical as lignin sulfonation for cellulose conversion in the SPORL process. Pretreatment altered the wood chips, which reduced electric energy consumption for size reduction to about 19 Wh/kg od untreated wood, or about 19 g glucose/Wh electricity. Furthermore, the SPORL produced low amounts of fermentation inhibitors, hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF) and furfural, of about 5 and 1 mg/g of untreated od wood, respectively. In addition, similar results were achieved when the SPORL was applied to red pine. By building on the mature sulfite pulping and disk refining technologies already practiced in the pulp and paper industry, the SPORL has very few technological barriers and risks for commercialization. JF - Bioresource Technology AU - Zhu, J Y AU - Pan, X J AU - Wang, G S AU - Gleisner, R AD - USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, WI 53726, USA, jzhu@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 2411 EP - 2418 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 100 IS - 8 SN - 0960-8524, 0960-8524 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Enzymatic hydrolysis KW - Size reduction KW - Softwood KW - Sulfite pretreatment KW - SPORL KW - Fermentation KW - Sulfonation KW - Cellulose KW - Bisulfite KW - Glucose KW - Softwoods KW - Enzymes KW - Pulp KW - Electricity KW - Hydrolysis KW - sulfite KW - Cellulase KW - hemicellulose KW - lignocellulose KW - bioconversion KW - Lignin KW - Sulfuric acid KW - beta -Glucosidase KW - glucans KW - Furfural KW - Mechanical properties KW - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up KW - A 01390:Forestry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20330049?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioresource+Technology&rft.atitle=Sulfite+pretreatment+%28SPORL%29+for+robust+enzymatic+saccharification+of+spruce+and+red+pine&rft.au=Zhu%2C+J+Y%3BPan%2C+X+J%3BWang%2C+G+S%3BGleisner%2C+R&rft.aulast=Zhu&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=100&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=2411&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioresource+Technology&rft.issn=09608524&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biortech.2008.10.057 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fermentation; Cellulose; Sulfonation; Softwoods; Glucose; Bisulfite; Pulp; Enzymes; Electricity; Hydrolysis; Cellulase; sulfite; hemicellulose; lignocellulose; Lignin; bioconversion; Sulfuric acid; beta -Glucosidase; glucans; Mechanical properties; Furfural DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2008.10.057 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Publication trends in aeolian research: An analysis of the Bibliography of Aeolian Research AN - 20308324; 8938212 AB - An analysis of the Bibliography of Aeolian Research has provided information regarding publication trends in aeolian research. Results suggest that there has been a significant increase in the number of publications per year since the first aeolian-research publication appeared in 1646. Rates of publication have increased from only three publications in the 17th Century to nearly three publications per day in the 21st Century. The temporal distribution of publications follows a complex pattern that is influenced by many factors. In the 17th and 18th Centuries, publications appear as isolated clusters indicating limited interest in aeolian research and limited opportunities for individuals to contribute to scientific literature. With time, many new scientific societies are formed and many new scientific journals are established, opening new opportunities for scientists to contribute to scientific discourse. Landmark publications open up new research areas and define new directions for aeolian research. General advances in science and technology provide new techniques for sampling blowing sand and dust. In addition, clear signs exist that publication rates respond to major environmental and climatic events, especially large-scale disasters that focus attention on wind erosion and blowing dust. The Sirocco dust events of 1901-1903, the North American Dust Bowl of the1930s, and the recent sand and dust storm problems in China have all led to significant increases in the number of publications in aeolian research. Rates of publication are negatively influenced by major political and social upheavals, especially global conflicts such as World Wars I and II. Sudden shifts in government structure and support can also influence publication rates. A good example is the increased publication rates in China following the end of the Cultural Revolution, a trend that continues today. JF - Geomorphology AU - Stout, JE AU - Warren, A AU - Gill, TE AD - Lubbock, Texas, USA, john.stout@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04/01/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Apr 01 SP - 6 EP - 17 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 105 IS - 1-2 SN - 0169-555X, 0169-555X KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - North America KW - Geomorphology KW - Wind Erosion KW - Bibliographies KW - Sand KW - Structure KW - China, People's Rep. KW - Publications KW - Sampling KW - Dusts KW - Temporal Distribution KW - SW 5010:Network design UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20308324?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geomorphology&rft.atitle=Publication+trends+in+aeolian+research%3A+An+analysis+of+the+Bibliography+of+Aeolian+Research&rft.au=Stout%2C+JE%3BWarren%2C+A%3BGill%2C+TE&rft.aulast=Stout&rft.aufirst=JE&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=6&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geomorphology&rft.issn=0169555X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geomorph.2008.02.015 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Wind Erosion; Geomorphology; Sand; Bibliographies; Structure; Sampling; Publications; Dusts; Temporal Distribution; North America; China, People's Rep. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2008.02.015 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitative evaluation of His-tag purification and immunoprecipitation of tristetraprolin and its mutant proteins from transfected human cells AN - 20147806; 10267059 AB - Histidine (His)-tag is widely used for affinity purification of recombinant proteins, but the yield and purity of expressed proteins are quite different. Little information is available about quantitative evaluation of this procedure. The objective of this study was to evaluate His-tag procedure quantitatively and to compare it with immunoprecipitation using radiolabeled tristetraprolin (TTP), a zinc finger protein with anti-inflammatory property. Human embryonic kidney 293 cells were transfected with wild-type and nine mutant plasmids with single or multiple phosphorylation site mutation(s) in His-TTP. These proteins were expressed and mainly localized in the cytosol of transfected cells by immunocytochemistry and confocal microscopy. His-TTP proteins were purified by Ni-NTA beads with imidazole elution or precipitated by TTP antibodies from transfected cells after being labeled with [32P]-orthophosphate. The results showed that (1) His-tag purification was more effective than immunoprecipitation for TTP purification; (2) mutations in TTP increased the yield of His-TTP by both purification procedures; and (3) mutations in TTP increased the binding affinity of mutant proteins for Ni-NTA beads. These findings suggest that bioengineering phosphorylation sites in proteins can increase the production of recombinant proteins. JF - Biotechnology Progress AU - Cao, Heping AU - Lin, Rui AD - Diet, Genomics and Immunology Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States, Department of Agriculture, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, MD 20705, peacetd2003@yahoo.com Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 461 EP - 467 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA, [mailto:info@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/WileyCDA/Brand/id-35.html] VL - 25 IS - 2 SN - 8756-7938, 8756-7938 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Immunocytochemistry KW - imidazole KW - Immunoprecipitation KW - Zinc finger proteins KW - protein purification KW - Plasmids KW - Antibodies KW - Phosphorylation KW - Histidine KW - Confocal microscopy KW - Cytosol KW - Antiinflammatory agents KW - Mutation KW - W 30905:Medical Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20147806?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+Progress&rft.atitle=Quantitative+evaluation+of+His-tag+purification+and+immunoprecipitation+of+tristetraprolin+and+its+mutant+proteins+from+transfected+human+cells&rft.au=Cao%2C+Heping%3BLin%2C+Rui&rft.aulast=Cao&rft.aufirst=Heping&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=461&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+Progress&rft.issn=87567938&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fbtpr.121 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Immunocytochemistry; imidazole; Immunoprecipitation; Zinc finger proteins; protein purification; Plasmids; Antibodies; Phosphorylation; Histidine; Confocal microscopy; Cytosol; Mutation; Antiinflammatory agents DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/btpr.121 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Physical localization and genetic mapping of the fertility restoration gene Rfo in canola (Brassica napus L.) AN - 20046805; 10081719 AB - The Ogu cytoplasm for male sterility and its fertility restorer gene Rfo in canola (Brassica napus L.) were originally introgressed from radish (Raphanus sativus L.) and have been widely used for canola hybrid production and breeding. The objective of this study was to determine the physical location of the Rfo locus in the canola genome using fluorescence in situ hybridization and genetic mapping. For physical localization of the Rfo gene, two bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones, G62 and B420, which were closely linked to the Rfo gene, were used as probes to hybridize with the somatic metaphase chromosomes of a canola hybrid variety, PHI-46 (46H02), containing the Rfo fragment. The results showed that both clones were physically located at the end of one large metacentric chromosome. By simultaneous use of two BAC clones and 45S rDNA repeated sequences as the probes, we demonstrated that the large metacentric chromosome probed with the two BAC clones did not carry 45S rDNA repeated sequences. The chromosome was 3.65 c 0.74 km in average length (20 cells) and ranked second in size among the chromosomes without 45S rDNAs. The centromere index of the chromosome (20 cells) was calculated as 43.74 c 4.19. A comparison with previously reported putative karyotypes of B. napus (AACC) and its diploid ancestors Brassica rapa L. (AA) and Brassica oleracea L. (CC) suggests that the chromosome carrying the Rfo fragment might belong to one of three large metacentric chromosomes of the C genome. Genetic mapping has confirmed the localization of the Rfo fragment to the distal region of linkage group N19, which corresponds to the C genome in B. napus. This study has provided the evidence of the location of the Rfo gene on canola chromosomes and established a basic framework for further physical mapping and manipulation of the gene.Original Abstract: Chez le canola (Brassica napus L.), le cytoplasme Ogu qui confere l'androsterilite ainsi que le gene restaurateur de fertilite Rfo ont ete introduits a partir du radis (Raphanus sativus L.) et ont ete largement employes en selection et en production d'hybrides. Les objectifs de cette etude etaient de determiner la localisation physique du locus Rfo dans le genome du canola par hybridation in situ en fluorescence et par cartographie genetique. Pour la cartographie physique du gene Rfo, deux clones BAC (chromosomes bacteriens artificiels) qui sont etroitement lies au gene Rfo, G62 et B420, ont ete employes comme sondes pour hybrider avec des chromosomes somatiques en metaphase d'un canola hybride, PHI-46 (46H02), contenant le segment Rfo. Les resultats ont montre que les deux clones etaient situes a l'extremite d'un grand chromosome metacentrique. En employant simultanement les deux clones BAC et une sequence repetee d'ADNr 45S comme sondes, il a ete demontre que le grand chromosome metacentrique que reconnaissent les BAC ne porte pas d'ADNr 45S. Ce chromosome mesurait en moyenne 3,65 c 0,74 km (20 cellules) et etait le deuxieme plus long parmi ceux qui ne portent pas de sequences d'ADNr 45S. L'index centromerique pour ce chromosome (20 cellules) a ete estime a 43,74 c 4,19. Une comparaison avec les caryotypes putatifs decrits anterieurement pour le B. napus (AACC) et ces ancetres diploides Brassica rapa L. (AA) et Brassica oleracea L. (CC) suggere que le chromosome portant le gene Rfo pourrait etre un des trois grands chromosomes metacentriques du genome C. La cartographie genetique a permis de confirmer la localisation du segment Rfo dans la region distale du groupe de liaison N19, lequel correspond au genome C chez le B. napus. Cette etude fournit des informations sur la localisation du gene Rfo sur les chromosomes du canola et etablit un cadre initial pour de plus amples travaux de cartographie physique et de manipulation de ce gene. JF - Genome AU - Feng, Jiuhuan AU - Primomo, Valerio AU - Li, Zenglu AU - Zhang, Yongping AU - Jan, Chao-Chien AU - Tulsieram, Lomas AU - Xu, Steven S Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 401 EP - 407 PB - NRC Research Press VL - 52 IS - 4 SN - 0831-2796, 0831-2796 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Genetics Abstracts KW - Genomes KW - Fertility KW - Brassica rapa KW - Diploids KW - DNA probes KW - Raphanus sativus KW - Metaphase KW - Karyotypes KW - chromosome 20 KW - Centromeres KW - Bacterial artificial chromosomes KW - Chromosomes KW - Breeding KW - Hybrids KW - Cytoplasm KW - Brassica napus KW - Physical mapping KW - Male sterility KW - Brassica oleracea KW - Fluorescence in situ hybridization KW - Gene mapping KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20046805?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Genome&rft.atitle=Physical+localization+and+genetic+mapping+of+the+fertility+restoration+gene+Rfo+in+canola+%28Brassica+napus+L.%29&rft.au=Feng%2C+Jiuhuan%3BPrimomo%2C+Valerio%3BLi%2C+Zenglu%3BZhang%2C+Yongping%3BJan%2C+Chao-Chien%3BTulsieram%2C+Lomas%3BXu%2C+Steven+S&rft.aulast=Feng&rft.aufirst=Jiuhuan&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=401&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Genome&rft.issn=08312796&rft_id=info:doi/10.1139%2FG09-016 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Fertility; Diploids; DNA probes; Metaphase; chromosome 20; Karyotypes; Centromeres; Bacterial artificial chromosomes; Chromosomes; Breeding; Cytoplasm; Hybrids; Physical mapping; Male sterility; Gene mapping; Fluorescence in situ hybridization; Brassica rapa; Raphanus sativus; Brassica napus; Brassica oleracea DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/G09-016 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of fluorometric and spectrophotometric DNA quantification for real-time quantitative PCR of degraded DNA AN - 19386829; 8683324 AB - Isogenic NK603 DNA was degraded by sonication or heat and quantified using A sub(260) and two fluorescent dye methods. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) experiments were conducted by amplifying an SSIIb-3 endogenous control and an NK603 transgene in untreated, sonicated, and heat treated samples. qPCR reactions on sonicated DNA samples, based on A sub(260) quantification, provided 0.125%, 1.14% and 2.15% NK603; while heat treated samples, provided results of 0.128%, 1.42%, and 2.73% NK603. qPCR reactions on sonicated DNA samples, based on the fluorescent dye method, provided results of 0.18%, 0.861% and 1.74% NK603; while heat treated DNA samples, provided results of 0.18%, 1.02%, and 2.16% NK603. The data suggested that fluorescent dye-based quantifications yielded more accurate determinations of the percent genetically engineered (GM) content at higher concentrations, most likely because fluorescent dye quantifications resulted in additional copies of template added into the qPCR. The data in this study suggested that neither fluorescent dye nor spectrophotometric methods of quantification on highly degraded DNA translated into concordant measurements of qPCR amplifiable DNA and accurate C sub(t) values. JF - Food Control AU - Shokere, Luke A AU - Holden, Marcia J AU - Jenkins, GRonald AD - United States Department of Agriculture, Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration, 10383 N. Ambassador Dr., Kansas City, MO 64153, United States, g.ronald.jenkins@usda.gov Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - Apr 2009 SP - 391 EP - 401 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 20 IS - 4 SN - 0956-7135, 0956-7135 KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - DNA quantification KW - A sub(260) KW - Picogreen fluorescence KW - Hoescht dye KW - Degraded DNA quantitative real-time PCR KW - NK603 maize KW - Data processing KW - Heat KW - Genetic engineering KW - Fluorescent indicators KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Spectrophotometry KW - Sonication KW - W 30910:Imaging KW - N 14810:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19386829?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+Control&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+fluorometric+and+spectrophotometric+DNA+quantification+for+real-time+quantitative+PCR+of+degraded+DNA&rft.au=Shokere%2C+Luke+A%3BHolden%2C+Marcia+J%3BJenkins%2C+GRonald&rft.aulast=Shokere&rft.aufirst=Luke&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=391&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+Control&rft.issn=09567135&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.foodcont.2008.07.009 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data processing; Heat; Genetic engineering; Polymerase chain reaction; Fluorescent indicators; Spectrophotometry; Sonication DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2008.07.009 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Water sources and controls on water-loss rates of epigeous ectomycorrhizal fungal sporocarps during summer drought AN - 1846403054; PQ0003825771 AB - * times Access to deeper soil water and water-conserving traits should reduce water stress for ectomycorrhizal fungi, permitting function during drought. Here, we explored whether epigeous fruiting of ectomycorrhizal fungi during drought was facilitated by access to deep soil water, how much water was lost from sporocarps, and how sporocarp surface to volume ratios affected water-loss rates. * times We used oxygen stable isotope analysis of water combined with modeling of water sources used by ectomycorrhizal fungi; measured sporocarp water loss using a transient porometer, and related water loss to vapor pressure deficit (VPD) and sporocarp morphology. * times In drier soils sporocarps likely derived a significant portion (25-80%) of their water from deep (> 30 cm) or hydraulically lifted water. Amanita muscaria had water-loss rates over twice those of Suillus sp., Boletus edulis, Tricholoma spp. and Russula albonigra. Vapor pressure deficit was an excellent predictor of water-loss rates for individual mushrooms. Sporocarp surface to volume ratios explained much of the variation among mushrooms in the slope of VPD-water loss relationships. * times Access to deeper soil water might be a significant driver of ectomycorrhizal symbiotic function, sporocarp distribution, fruiting habit and morphology. Sporocarp morphology can affect water-loss rates and hence influences fungal ability to fruit during summer drought. DOI: Commentary p 290 JF - New Phytologist AU - Lilleskov, Erik A AU - Bruns, Thomas D AU - Dawson, Todd E AU - Camacho, Francisco J AD - USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Forestry Sciences Laboratory, 410 MacInnes Drive, Houghton, MI 49931, USA; . Y1 - 2009/04// PY - 2009 DA - April 2009 SP - 483 EP - 494 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 182 IS - 2 SN - 0028-646X, 0028-646X KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Russula KW - Fruits KW - Isotopes KW - Symbionts KW - sporocarps KW - Organism morphology KW - Fungi KW - Suillus KW - Basidiocarps KW - Tricholoma KW - Soil KW - Oxygen KW - Amanita muscaria KW - Vapors KW - Water stress KW - Ectomycorrhizas KW - Boletus KW - Water loss KW - Soils KW - Pressure KW - Droughts KW - Q1 08483:Species interactions: general KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1846403054?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Phytologist&rft.atitle=Water+sources+and+controls+on+water-loss+rates+of+epigeous+ectomycorrhizal+fungal+sporocarps+during+summer+drought&rft.au=Lilleskov%2C+Erik+A%3BBruns%2C+Thomas+D%3BDawson%2C+Todd+E%3BCamacho%2C+Francisco+J&rft.aulast=Lilleskov&rft.aufirst=Erik&rft.date=2009-04-01&rft.volume=182&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=483&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=New+Phytologist&rft.issn=0028646X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1469-8137.2009.02775.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Symbionts; Organism morphology; Fungi; Soils; Droughts; Fruits; Isotopes; sporocarps; Basidiocarps; Soil; Oxygen; Vapors; Water stress; Ectomycorrhizas; Water loss; Pressure; Russula; Amanita muscaria; Boletus; Suillus; Tricholoma DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.02775.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Correlating blood immune parameters and a CCT7 genetic variant with the shedding of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium in swine AN - 746156681; 12978796 AB - The porcine response to Salmonella infection is critical for control of Salmonella fecal shedding and the establishment of Salmonella carrier status. In this study, 40 crossbred pigs were intranasally inoculated with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (Salmonella Typhimurium) and monitored for Salmonella fecal shedding and blood immune parameters at 2, 7, 14 and 20 days post-inoculation (dpi). Using a multivariate permutation test, a positive correlation was observed between Salmonella Typhimurium shedding levels at 2 and 7 dpi and serum interferon-gamma (IFNg) levels at 2 dpi (p A of the CCT7 gene with Salmonella shedding at 7 dpi compared to the G/G homozygote genotype. Linking specific genes and genetic polymorphisms with the porcine immune response to Salmonella infection and shedding may identify potential markers for carrier pigs as well as targets for disease diagnosis, intervention and prevention. JF - Veterinary Microbiology AU - Uthe, J J AU - Wang, Y AU - Qu, L AU - Nettleton, D AU - Tuggle, C K AU - Bearson, SMD AD - USDA, ARS, National Animal Disease Center, Ames, IA 50010, USA, shawn.bearson@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/03/30/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 30 SP - 384 EP - 388 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 135 IS - 3-4 SN - 0378-1135, 0378-1135 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Immunology Abstracts KW - Salmonella KW - Swine KW - Interferon-gamma (IFN-g) KW - Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) KW - CCT7 KW - g-Interferon KW - Single-nucleotide polymorphism KW - Salmonella enterica KW - Gene polymorphism KW - Leukocytes (neutrophilic) KW - Transcription KW - Immune response KW - Monocytes KW - Salmonella typhimurium KW - Infection KW - Homozygotes KW - J 02350:Immunology KW - F 06910:Microorganisms & Parasites UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/746156681?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Veterinary+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Correlating+blood+immune+parameters+and+a+CCT7+genetic+variant+with+the+shedding+of+Salmonella+enterica+serovar+Typhimurium+in+swine&rft.au=Uthe%2C+J+J%3BWang%2C+Y%3BQu%2C+L%3BNettleton%2C+D%3BTuggle%2C+C+K%3BBearson%2C+SMD&rft.aulast=Uthe&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-03-30&rft.volume=135&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=384&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Veterinary+Microbiology&rft.issn=03781135&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.vetmic.2008.09.074 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-09-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - g-Interferon; Single-nucleotide polymorphism; Gene polymorphism; Leukocytes (neutrophilic); Transcription; Monocytes; Immune response; Infection; Homozygotes; Salmonella enterica; Salmonella typhimurium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2008.09.074 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Alteration of the N-linked glycosylation condition in E1 glycoprotein of Classical Swine Fever Virus strain Brescia alters virulence in swine. AN - 67038553; 19203774 AB - E1, along with E(rns) and E2 is one of the three envelope glycoproteins of Classical Swine Fever Virus (CSFV). Previously we showed that glycosylation status of virulent CSFV strain Brescia E2 or E(rns) affects virus virulence. Here, the three putative glycosylation sites of E1 were serially removed by means of site directed mutagenesis of a CSFV Brescia infectious clone (BICv) and their effect on virulence assessed in swine. Removal of all three putative glycosylation sites in E1, at CSFV positions N500, N513 and N594, yielded nonviable progeny, while single or dual site mutants excluding N594 were viable. Individual N594A (E1.N3 virus) or combined N500A/N513A (E1.N1N2 virus) substitutions resulted in BICv attenuation. Furthermore infection with E1.N3 or E1.N1N2 viruses efficiently protected swine from challenge with virulent BICv at 3 and 28 days post-infection. As previously observed with E(rns) and E2 and here with E1 data suggest that modification of glycosylation patterns could be used for developing CSFV live-attenuated vaccines. JF - Virology AU - Fernandez-Sainz, I AU - Holinka, L G AU - Gavrilov, B K AU - Prarat, M V AU - Gladue, D AU - Lu, Z AU - Jia, W AU - Risatti, G R AU - Borca, M V AD - Plum Island Animal Disease Center, USDA/ARS/NAA, P.O. Box 848, Greenport, NY 11944-0848, USA. Ignacio.Fernandez-Sainz@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/03/30/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 30 SP - 210 EP - 216 VL - 386 IS - 1 KW - Vaccines, Attenuated KW - 0 KW - Viral Structural Proteins KW - Virulence Factors KW - protein E1, Classical swine fever virus KW - Index Medicus KW - Swine KW - Animals KW - Lymph Nodes -- virology KW - Viral Plaque Assay KW - Glycosylation KW - Mutation, Missense KW - Kidney -- virology KW - Virulence KW - Mutagenesis, Site-Directed KW - Nasal Cavity -- virology KW - Microbial Viability KW - Amino Acid Substitution -- genetics KW - Vaccines, Attenuated -- immunology KW - Spleen -- virology KW - Cell Line KW - Palatine Tonsil -- virology KW - Blood -- virology KW - Classical swine fever virus -- pathogenicity KW - Virulence Factors -- metabolism KW - Viral Structural Proteins -- metabolism KW - Virulence Factors -- genetics KW - Viral Structural Proteins -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67038553?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Virology&rft.atitle=Alteration+of+the+N-linked+glycosylation+condition+in+E1+glycoprotein+of+Classical+Swine+Fever+Virus+strain+Brescia+alters+virulence+in+swine.&rft.au=Fernandez-Sainz%2C+I%3BHolinka%2C+L+G%3BGavrilov%2C+B+K%3BPrarat%2C+M+V%3BGladue%2C+D%3BLu%2C+Z%3BJia%2C+W%3BRisatti%2C+G+R%3BBorca%2C+M+V&rft.aulast=Fernandez-Sainz&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=2009-03-30&rft.volume=386&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=210&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Virology&rft.issn=1096-0341&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.virol.2008.12.042 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-03-30 N1 - Date created - 2009-03-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2008.12.042 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aqueous Ethanol modified Nanoscale Zerovalent Iron in Bromate Reduction: Synthesis, Characterization, and Reactivity AN - 754542784; 13267283 AB - Nanoscale zerovalent iron (NZVI) was evaluated for the reduction of bromate that is a highly persistent and carcinogenic oxyhalid formed as an ozonation byproduct during oxidative disinfection in drinking water treatment. Solid-phase NZVI with different surface areas was controllably synthesized using a liquid phase reduction. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and a Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area and porosity analyzer were utilized to characterize particle size, surface morphology, surface area, and corrosion layers formed onto NZVI before and after the reduction of bromate. Surface area of synthesized NZVI was found to be influenced strongly by ethanol contents during synthesis with a maximum surface area of 67.51 c 0.35 m2/g in a 90% aqueous ethanol; additionally, capsule structures of NZVI with amorphous phase, in which tens of particles with diameters of 2-5 nm were packed into an iron oxide/hydroxide layer, were also synthesized using 100% ethanol as a solvent. Subsequent XRD and TEM results revealed that in a 20 min bromate reduction NZVI mostly converted to Fe2O3 and Fe3O4 corrosion products mixed with iron hydroxides. Compared to bromate reduction using microsized ZVI in a pseudo-first-order kinetic model, NZVI enhanced the reduction efficiency following a second-order kinetic model, with observed second-order rate constants (kobs) of 2.57 X 10-4 to 2.19 X 10-3 *mg-1min-1L. Humic acid was found to be the most influencing factor to decrease NZVI reactivity in bromate reduction. However, the effect of sonication pretreatment showed that the bromate reduction efficiency could be enhanced by increasing the actual reactive surface area. Our results suggest that application of NZVI is a viable process for bromate reduction in water treatment. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Wang, Qiliang AU - Snyder, Shane AU - Kim, Jungwoo AU - Choi, Heechul AD - Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 261 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu 500-712 Gwangju, Korea, Applied R&D Center, Southern Nevada Water Authority, 1001 S. Valley View Blvd., Las Vegas, Nevada 89125, and USDA-ARS Environmental Microbial Safety Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland 20705 Y1 - 2009/03/27/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 27 SP - 3292 EP - 3299 PB - American Chemical Society, 1155 16th St., NW Washington DC 20036 USA VL - 43 IS - 9 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Disinfection KW - Iron oxides KW - Particle Size KW - Byproducts KW - Particulates KW - Drinking Water KW - Water treatment KW - Carcinogenicity KW - Water Treatment KW - Synthesis KW - Ethanol KW - Ozonation KW - Particle size KW - Solvents KW - X-ray diffraction KW - porosity KW - Model Studies KW - hydroxides KW - Humic acids KW - Kinetics KW - Microscopy KW - Morphology KW - disinfection KW - Corrosion KW - Diffraction KW - Drinking water KW - Hydroxides KW - Iron KW - surface area KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754542784?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Aqueous+Ethanol+modified+Nanoscale+Zerovalent+Iron+in+Bromate+Reduction%3A+Synthesis%2C+Characterization%2C+and+Reactivity&rft.au=Wang%2C+Qiliang%3BSnyder%2C+Shane%3BKim%2C+Jungwoo%3BChoi%2C+Heechul&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Qiliang&rft.date=2009-03-27&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=3292&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fes803540b L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/es803540b LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Particle size; Iron oxides; Drinking Water; Byproducts; Solvents; Corrosion; Diffraction; Hydroxides; Iron; Particulates; X-ray diffraction; porosity; hydroxides; Water treatment; Carcinogenicity; Humic acids; Kinetics; disinfection; Morphology; Microscopy; Drinking water; Ozonation; surface area; Ethanol; Disinfection; Particle Size; Water Treatment; Synthesis; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es803540b ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Plant seeds as sources of potential industrial chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and pest control agents. AN - 733698314; 19209890 AB - Investigations of natural products isolated from seeds have resulted in a remarkable variety of compounds having unusual structures. Seeds of many plant species contain uncommon fatty acids and lipids, some of which have found uses in the cosmetic industry or as renewable (non-petroleum based) industrial raw materials. In addition to proteins and energy storage substances such as carbohydrates and lipids, seeds generally contain, or have the ability to produce, protective compounds that are active as plant growth regulators, fungicides, insecticides, and repellents of herbivores; seeds occasionally contain compounds that are toxic to most other organisms. These compounds may also be present in other plant parts, but often are found at higher concentrations in seeds. Other compounds of interest have been associated with plant-endophyte interactions that are of mutual benefit to both organisms. Tests of seed extracts for cytotoxic and antitumor activity, toxicity to insects, and relationships to several animal disease syndromes have been revealing. Examples of compounds isolated from plant seeds that have served as lead compounds for additional research, or that continue to be of interest to researchers in multiple areas, are reviewed. JF - Journal of natural products AU - Powell, Richard G AD - National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, ARS, USDA, 1815 North University Street, Peoria, Illinois 61604-3902, USA. rgpbradfl@aol.com Y1 - 2009/03/27/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 27 SP - 516 EP - 523 VL - 72 IS - 3 KW - Pesticides KW - 0 KW - Pharmaceutical Preparations KW - Index Medicus KW - Molecular Structure KW - Plants -- chemistry KW - Seeds -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/733698314?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+natural+products&rft.atitle=Plant+seeds+as+sources+of+potential+industrial+chemicals%2C+pharmaceuticals%2C+and+pest+control+agents.&rft.au=Powell%2C+Richard+G&rft.aulast=Powell&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2009-03-27&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=516&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+natural+products&rft.issn=1520-6025&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fnp8006217 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2010-04-23 N1 - Date created - 2010-03-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/np8006217 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Isolation, characterization, and quantification of steroidal saponins in switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.). AN - 67048114; 19243100 AB - Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) has been identified for development into an efficient and environmentally friendly biomass energy crop. A recent 5 year study demonstrated that switchgrass grown for biofuel production produced 540% more energy than what is needed to grow, harvest, and process it into cellulosic ethanol. If switchgrass is grown on a scale useful for a bioenergy source, some of the material could be used by livestock as hay or pasture. Switchgrass has been reported to cause hepatogenous photosensitization in lambs (Ovis aries) and horses (Equus caballus). In this study, a simple extraction and rapid reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry method was developed for quantifying the major saponins in switchgrass samples. Differences in the relative concentrations of different saponins were observed between switchgrass cultivars and plant parts. JF - Journal of agricultural and food chemistry AU - Lee, Stephen T AU - Mitchell, Robert B AU - Wang, Zhirui AU - Heiss, Christian AU - Gardner, Dale R AU - Azadi, Parastoo AD - US Department of Agriculture, Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, Logan, Utah 84341, USA. stephen.lee@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/03/25/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 25 SP - 2599 EP - 2604 VL - 57 IS - 6 KW - Saponins KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid -- methods KW - Species Specificity KW - Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization -- methods KW - Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy KW - Saponins -- analysis KW - Saponins -- chemistry KW - Panicum -- chemistry KW - Saponins -- isolation & purification UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67048114?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+agricultural+and+food+chemistry&rft.atitle=Isolation%2C+characterization%2C+and+quantification+of+steroidal+saponins+in+switchgrass+%28Panicum+virgatum+L.%29.&rft.au=Lee%2C+Stephen+T%3BMitchell%2C+Robert+B%3BWang%2C+Zhirui%3BHeiss%2C+Christian%3BGardner%2C+Dale+R%3BAzadi%2C+Parastoo&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2009-03-25&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2599&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+agricultural+and+food+chemistry&rft.issn=1520-5118&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fjf803907y LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-05-06 N1 - Date created - 2009-03-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf803907y ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Semiochemical-Releasing Flakes Protect Conifers from Bark Beetles T2 - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AN - 41930122; 5097187 JF - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AU - Gillette, Nancy AU - Stein, John AU - Mori, Sylvia AU - Erbilgin, Nadir AU - Mehmel, Constance AU - Hansen, E AU - Pederson, Lee AU - Webster, Jeffrey AU - Owen, Donald AU - Wood, David Y1 - 2009/03/24/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 24 KW - Conifers KW - Bark KW - Scolytidae KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41930122?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.atitle=Semiochemical-Releasing+Flakes+Protect+Conifers+from+Bark+Beetles&rft.au=Gillette%2C+Nancy%3BStein%2C+John%3BMori%2C+Sylvia%3BErbilgin%2C+Nadir%3BMehmel%2C+Constance%3BHansen%2C+E%3BPederson%2C+Lee%3BWebster%2C+Jeffrey%3BOwen%2C+Donald%3BWood%2C+David&rft.aulast=Gillette&rft.aufirst=Nancy&rft.date=2009-03-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ipmcenters.org/ipmsymposium09/IPM%20Program%2009%20to%20pri nt.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Cultural Control of Weeds in Herbicide- Free Annual Forages T2 - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AN - 41929987; 5097153 JF - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AU - Lenssen, Andrew AU - Cash, S Y1 - 2009/03/24/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 24 KW - Culture KW - Weeds KW - Forage KW - Cultural control KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41929987?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.atitle=Cultural+Control+of+Weeds+in+Herbicide-+Free+Annual+Forages&rft.au=Lenssen%2C+Andrew%3BCash%2C+S&rft.aulast=Lenssen&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2009-03-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ipmcenters.org/ipmsymposium09/IPM%20Program%2009%20to%20pri nt.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Formation of the Western Bark Beetle Research Group, USDA Forest Service Research and Development T2 - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AN - 41926657; 5097139 JF - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AU - Bentz, Barbara AU - Fettig, Christopher AU - Gillette, Nancy AU - Hansen, Matt AU - Hayes, Jane AU - Kelsey, Rick AU - Lundquist, John AU - Lynch, Ann AU - Negron, Jose AU - Progar, Robert AU - Seybold, Steven Y1 - 2009/03/24/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 24 KW - Forests KW - Research programs KW - Bark KW - Research KW - Scolytidae KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41926657?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.atitle=Formation+of+the+Western+Bark+Beetle+Research+Group%2C+USDA+Forest+Service+Research+and+Development&rft.au=Bentz%2C+Barbara%3BFettig%2C+Christopher%3BGillette%2C+Nancy%3BHansen%2C+Matt%3BHayes%2C+Jane%3BKelsey%2C+Rick%3BLundquist%2C+John%3BLynch%2C+Ann%3BNegron%2C+Jose%3BProgar%2C+Robert%3BSeybold%2C+Steven&rft.aulast=Bentz&rft.aufirst=Barbara&rft.date=2009-03-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ipmcenters.org/ipmsymposium09/IPM%20Program%2009%20to%20pri nt.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The Role of Vegetation Management in Successful Bark Beetle IPM T2 - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AN - 41926182; 5097045 JF - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AU - Gibson, Ken Y1 - 2009/03/24/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 24 KW - Vegetation KW - Bark KW - Scolytidae KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41926182?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.atitle=The+Role+of+Vegetation+Management+in+Successful+Bark+Beetle+IPM&rft.au=Gibson%2C+Ken&rft.aulast=Gibson&rft.aufirst=Ken&rft.date=2009-03-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ipmcenters.org/ipmsymposium09/IPM%20Program%2009%20to%20pri nt.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - IPM NRCS Technical Services and the Environmental Quality Incentives Program T2 - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AN - 41925934; 5096990 JF - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AU - Smallwood, Benjamin Y1 - 2009/03/24/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 24 KW - Environmental quality KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41925934?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.atitle=IPM+NRCS+Technical+Services+and+the+Environmental+Quality+Incentives+Program&rft.au=Smallwood%2C+Benjamin&rft.aulast=Smallwood&rft.aufirst=Benjamin&rft.date=2009-03-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ipmcenters.org/ipmsymposium09/IPM%20Program%2009%20to%20pri nt.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The Challenges of Developing and Implementing IPM Programs for Bark Beetles in Western Coniferous Forests T2 - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AN - 41920001; 5097183 JF - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AU - Fettig, Christopher AU - Hayes, Jane AU - Seybold, Steven Y1 - 2009/03/24/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 24 KW - Coniferous forests KW - Bark KW - Scolytidae KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41920001?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.atitle=The+Challenges+of+Developing+and+Implementing+IPM+Programs+for+Bark+Beetles+in+Western+Coniferous+Forests&rft.au=Fettig%2C+Christopher%3BHayes%2C+Jane%3BSeybold%2C+Steven&rft.aulast=Fettig&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2009-03-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ipmcenters.org/ipmsymposium09/IPM%20Program%2009%20to%20pri nt.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Area-Wide Management of Invasive Weeds with Emphasis on Biological Control of Saltcedar T2 - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AN - 41912151; 5096932 JF - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AU - Carruthers, R Y1 - 2009/03/24/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 24 KW - Biological control KW - Weeds KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41912151?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.atitle=Area-Wide+Management+of+Invasive+Weeds+with+Emphasis+on+Biological+Control+of+Saltcedar&rft.au=Carruthers%2C+R&rft.aulast=Carruthers&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2009-03-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ipmcenters.org/ipmsymposium09/IPM%20Program%2009%20to%20pri nt.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Present and Coming Herbicide-Resistant Crops: Impacts on IPM T2 - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AN - 41912040; 5096923 JF - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AU - Duke, Stephen Y1 - 2009/03/24/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 24 KW - Crops KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41912040?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.atitle=Present+and+Coming+Herbicide-Resistant+Crops%3A+Impacts+on+IPM&rft.au=Duke%2C+Stephen&rft.aulast=Duke&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2009-03-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ipmcenters.org/ipmsymposium09/IPM%20Program%2009%20to%20pri nt.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - New Mosquito Biolarvicide Formulation for Improved Residual Activity T2 - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AN - 41910251; 5097244 JF - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AU - Streett, Douglas AU - Lyn, Margaret AU - Becnel, James Y1 - 2009/03/24/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 24 KW - Aquatic insects KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41910251?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.atitle=New+Mosquito+Biolarvicide+Formulation+for+Improved+Residual+Activity&rft.au=Streett%2C+Douglas%3BLyn%2C+Margaret%3BBecnel%2C+James&rft.aulast=Streett&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft.date=2009-03-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ipmcenters.org/ipmsymposium09/IPM%20Program%2009%20to%20pri nt.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Ecological Determinants of Bemisia tabaci Resistance to Insecticides T2 - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AN - 41907110; 5097018 JF - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AU - Castle, Steven AU - Palumbo, John AU - Prabhaker, N AU - Horowitz, Rami AU - Denholm, I Y1 - 2009/03/24/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 24 KW - Insecticides KW - Control resistance KW - Bemisia tabaci KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41907110?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.atitle=Ecological+Determinants+of+Bemisia+tabaci+Resistance+to+Insecticides&rft.au=Castle%2C+Steven%3BPalumbo%2C+John%3BPrabhaker%2C+N%3BHorowitz%2C+Rami%3BDenholm%2C+I&rft.aulast=Castle&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2009-03-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ipmcenters.org/ipmsymposium09/IPM%20Program%2009%20to%20pri nt.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The Biofumigant Effects of Muscodor albus on Potato Tubermoth, Phthorimaea operculella, and Codling Moth, Cydia pomonella T2 - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AN - 41904131; 5096835 JF - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AU - Kaiser, Clive AU - Lacey, Lawrence Y1 - 2009/03/24/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 24 KW - Solanum tuberosum KW - Cydia pomonella KW - Phthorimaea operculella KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41904131?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.atitle=The+Biofumigant+Effects+of+Muscodor+albus+on+Potato+Tubermoth%2C+Phthorimaea+operculella%2C+and+Codling+Moth%2C+Cydia+pomonella&rft.au=Kaiser%2C+Clive%3BLacey%2C+Lawrence&rft.aulast=Kaiser&rft.aufirst=Clive&rft.date=2009-03-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ipmcenters.org/ipmsymposium09/IPM%20Program%2009%20to%20pri nt.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Determining Sampling Area of a Bark Beetle Pheromone Trap System for Management Applications T2 - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AN - 41903791; 5097185 JF - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AU - Hayes, Jane AU - Smith, Steven AU - Halbrook, Kandres AU - Spiegel, Lia AU - Moffitt, Laura AU - Hayes, Chris AU - DeGomez, Thomas Y1 - 2009/03/24/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 24 KW - Bark KW - Sampling KW - Pheromone traps KW - Pheromones KW - Scolytidae KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41903791?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.atitle=Determining+Sampling+Area+of+a+Bark+Beetle+Pheromone+Trap+System+for+Management+Applications&rft.au=Hayes%2C+Jane%3BSmith%2C+Steven%3BHalbrook%2C+Kandres%3BSpiegel%2C+Lia%3BMoffitt%2C+Laura%3BHayes%2C+Chris%3BDeGomez%2C+Thomas&rft.aulast=Hayes&rft.aufirst=Jane&rft.date=2009-03-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ipmcenters.org/ipmsymposium09/IPM%20Program%2009%20to%20pri nt.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Application of Risk and Hazard Rating Systems to the Management of Bark Beetles in Forests of the Western United States T2 - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AN - 41895711; 5097047 JF - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AU - Negron, Jose Y1 - 2009/03/24/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 24 KW - USA KW - Forests KW - Bark KW - Hazards KW - Scolytidae KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41895711?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.atitle=Application+of+Risk+and+Hazard+Rating+Systems+to+the+Management+of+Bark+Beetles+in+Forests+of+the+Western+United+States&rft.au=Negron%2C+Jose&rft.aulast=Negron&rft.aufirst=Jose&rft.date=2009-03-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ipmcenters.org/ipmsymposium09/IPM%20Program%2009%20to%20pri nt.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Thrips IPM in Solanaceous Vegetables and Cucurbits T2 - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AN - 41895675; 5097025 JF - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AU - Reitz, Stuart Y1 - 2009/03/24/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 24 KW - Vegetables KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41895675?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.atitle=Thrips+IPM+in+Solanaceous+Vegetables+and+Cucurbits&rft.au=Reitz%2C+Stuart&rft.aulast=Reitz&rft.aufirst=Stuart&rft.date=2009-03-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ipmcenters.org/ipmsymposium09/IPM%20Program%2009%20to%20pri nt.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - What are the Elements of a Successful Area- Wide Pest Management Program? T2 - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AN - 41895586; 5096937 JF - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AU - Elliott, Norman Y1 - 2009/03/24/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 24 KW - Pest control KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41895586?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.atitle=What+are+the+Elements+of+a+Successful+Area-+Wide+Pest+Management+Program%3F&rft.au=Elliott%2C+Norman&rft.aulast=Elliott&rft.aufirst=Norman&rft.date=2009-03-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ipmcenters.org/ipmsymposium09/IPM%20Program%2009%20to%20pri nt.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Development of Novel IPM Tools with Existing Products for Fruit Flies and Other Invasive Species T2 - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AN - 41892664; 5097002 JF - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AU - Vargas, Roger AU - Mau, Ronald AU - Pinero, Jaime AU - Gomez, Luis Y1 - 2009/03/24/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 24 KW - Fruits KW - Invasive species KW - Introduced species KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41892664?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.atitle=Development+of+Novel+IPM+Tools+with+Existing+Products+for+Fruit+Flies+and+Other+Invasive+Species&rft.au=Vargas%2C+Roger%3BMau%2C+Ronald%3BPinero%2C+Jaime%3BGomez%2C+Luis&rft.aulast=Vargas&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft.date=2009-03-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ipmcenters.org/ipmsymposium09/IPM%20Program%2009%20to%20pri nt.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Area-Wide Insect Management Plans for Corn Rootworm Using GIS T2 - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AN - 41892630; 5096981 JF - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AU - French, B Y1 - 2009/03/24/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 24 KW - Management plans KW - Corn KW - Geographic information systems KW - Insects KW - Aquatic insects KW - Environment management KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41892630?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.atitle=Area-Wide+Insect+Management+Plans+for+Corn+Rootworm+Using+GIS&rft.au=French%2C+B&rft.aulast=French&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2009-03-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ipmcenters.org/ipmsymposium09/IPM%20Program%2009%20to%20pri nt.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Low Volume Sprays for the Key Pest Opens Up Opportunities for IPM T2 - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AN - 41892577; 5096964 JF - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AU - Knight, Alan AU - Hilton, Rick Y1 - 2009/03/24/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 24 KW - Pests KW - Sprays KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41892577?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.atitle=Low+Volume+Sprays+for+the+Key+Pest+Opens+Up+Opportunities+for+IPM&rft.au=Knight%2C+Alan%3BHilton%2C+Rick&rft.aulast=Knight&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft.date=2009-03-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ipmcenters.org/ipmsymposium09/IPM%20Program%2009%20to%20pri nt.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Recruiting Natural Enemies with Methyl Salicylate in Strawberry T2 - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AN - 41888801; 5097145 JF - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AU - Lee, Jana Y1 - 2009/03/24/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 24 KW - Salicylic acid KW - Natural enemies KW - Fragaria KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41888801?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.atitle=Recruiting+Natural+Enemies+with+Methyl+Salicylate+in+Strawberry&rft.au=Lee%2C+Jana&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Jana&rft.date=2009-03-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ipmcenters.org/ipmsymposium09/IPM%20Program%2009%20to%20pri nt.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Spatiotemporal Distribution and Movement of Glassy-Winged Sharpshooters in a Citrus Orchard T2 - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AN - 41888652; 5096863 JF - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AU - Krugner, Rodrigo AU - Johnson, Marshall AU - Hagler, James AU - Groves, Russell AU - Morse, Joseph Y1 - 2009/03/24/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 24 KW - Orchards KW - Spatial distribution KW - Temporal variations KW - Citrus KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41888652?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.atitle=Spatiotemporal+Distribution+and+Movement+of+Glassy-Winged+Sharpshooters+in+a+Citrus+Orchard&rft.au=Krugner%2C+Rodrigo%3BJohnson%2C+Marshall%3BHagler%2C+James%3BGroves%2C+Russell%3BMorse%2C+Joseph&rft.aulast=Krugner&rft.aufirst=Rodrigo&rft.date=2009-03-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ipmcenters.org/ipmsymposium09/IPM%20Program%2009%20to%20pri nt.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Whitefly Management in Cotton: Anatomy of an IPM Success Story T2 - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AN - 41887607; 5096802 JF - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AU - Naranjo, Steven AU - Ellsworth, Peter Y1 - 2009/03/24/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 24 KW - Anatomy KW - Cotton KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41887607?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.atitle=Whitefly+Management+in+Cotton%3A+Anatomy+of+an+IPM+Success+Story&rft.au=Naranjo%2C+Steven%3BEllsworth%2C+Peter&rft.aulast=Naranjo&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2009-03-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ipmcenters.org/ipmsymposium09/IPM%20Program%2009%20to%20pri nt.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - IPM--Where to Next? T2 - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AN - 41884461; 5097060 JF - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AU - Kopp, Dennis Y1 - 2009/03/24/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 24 KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41884461?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.atitle=IPM--Where+to+Next%3F&rft.au=Kopp%2C+Dennis&rft.aulast=Kopp&rft.aufirst=Dennis&rft.date=2009-03-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ipmcenters.org/ipmsymposium09/IPM%20Program%2009%20to%20pri nt.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Demonstrating Integrated Pest Management of Hot Peppers T2 - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AN - 41880041; 5097108 JF - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AU - Legaspi, Jesusa AU - Gardner, Cassel AU - Queeley, Gilbert AU - Cuda, James AU - Leppla, Norman Y1 - 2009/03/24/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 24 KW - Pest control KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41880041?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.atitle=Demonstrating+Integrated+Pest+Management+of+Hot+Peppers&rft.au=Legaspi%2C+Jesusa%3BGardner%2C+Cassel%3BQueeley%2C+Gilbert%3BCuda%2C+James%3BLeppla%2C+Norman&rft.aulast=Legaspi&rft.aufirst=Jesusa&rft.date=2009-03-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ipmcenters.org/ipmsymposium09/IPM%20Program%2009%20to%20pri nt.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Technology Transfer through the Hawaii Area-Wide Pest Management Program for Control of Fruit Flies in Hawaii T2 - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AN - 41877999; 5097211 JF - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AU - Vargas, Roger AU - Mau, Ronald AU - Pinero, Jaime AU - Jang, Eric AU - Wong, Lyle Y1 - 2009/03/24/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 24 KW - USA, Hawaii KW - Technology transfer KW - Pest control KW - Fruits KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41877999?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.atitle=Technology+Transfer+through+the+Hawaii+Area-Wide+Pest+Management+Program+for+Control+of+Fruit+Flies+in+Hawaii&rft.au=Vargas%2C+Roger%3BMau%2C+Ronald%3BPinero%2C+Jaime%3BJang%2C+Eric%3BWong%2C+Lyle&rft.aulast=Vargas&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft.date=2009-03-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ipmcenters.org/ipmsymposium09/IPM%20Program%2009%20to%20pri nt.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Successful Area-Wide Management of Codling Moth: Available Tools, Grower's Involvement, and Industry Support T2 - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AN - 41874430; 5096934 JF - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AU - Knight, Alan Y1 - 2009/03/24/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 24 KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41874430?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.atitle=Successful+Area-Wide+Management+of+Codling+Moth%3A+Available+Tools%2C+Grower%27s+Involvement%2C+and+Industry+Support&rft.au=Knight%2C+Alan&rft.aulast=Knight&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft.date=2009-03-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ipmcenters.org/ipmsymposium09/IPM%20Program%2009%20to%20pri nt.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Managing the Invasive Goldspotted Oak Borer in the California Wildland-Urban Interface: Outlines of an IPM Program T2 - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AN - 41874424; 5097219 JF - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AU - Coleman, Tom AU - Flint, Mary AU - Seybold, Steven Y1 - 2009/03/24/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 24 KW - USA, California KW - Borers KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41874424?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.atitle=Managing+the+Invasive+Goldspotted+Oak+Borer+in+the+California+Wildland-Urban+Interface%3A+Outlines+of+an+IPM+Program&rft.au=Coleman%2C+Tom%3BFlint%2C+Mary%3BSeybold%2C+Steven&rft.aulast=Coleman&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft.date=2009-03-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ipmcenters.org/ipmsymposium09/IPM%20Program%2009%20to%20pri nt.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Effects of Sugar on Short-Term Decision Making and Oviposition Rates of the Parasitic Wasp Apanteles aristotliae T2 - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AN - 41874096; 5097149 JF - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AU - Lightle, Danielle AU - Lee, Jana Y1 - 2009/03/24/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 24 KW - Sugar KW - Oviposition KW - Decision making KW - Hymenoptera KW - Apanteles KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41874096?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.atitle=Effects+of+Sugar+on+Short-Term+Decision+Making+and+Oviposition+Rates+of+the+Parasitic+Wasp+Apanteles+aristotliae&rft.au=Lightle%2C+Danielle%3BLee%2C+Jana&rft.aulast=Lightle&rft.aufirst=Danielle&rft.date=2009-03-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ipmcenters.org/ipmsymposium09/IPM%20Program%2009%20to%20pri nt.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The Use of Protein Markers to Pinpoint Predation Events T2 - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AN - 41871715; 5096864 JF - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AU - Hagler, James Y1 - 2009/03/24/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 24 KW - Predation KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41871715?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.atitle=The+Use+of+Protein+Markers+to+Pinpoint+Predation+Events&rft.au=Hagler%2C+James&rft.aulast=Hagler&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2009-03-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ipmcenters.org/ipmsymposium09/IPM%20Program%2009%20to%20pri nt.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Extra Orchard Rose and Strawberry Gardens Support Overwintering of an Important Parasitoid of Leafrollers in Washington Pome Fruits T2 - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AN - 41871486; 5096961 JF - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AU - Unruh, Tom Y1 - 2009/03/24/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 24 KW - USA, Washington KW - Orchards KW - Overwintering KW - Fruits KW - Parasitoids KW - Fragaria KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41871486?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.atitle=Extra+Orchard+Rose+and+Strawberry+Gardens+Support+Overwintering+of+an+Important+Parasitoid+of+Leafrollers+in+Washington+Pome+Fruits&rft.au=Unruh%2C+Tom&rft.aulast=Unruh&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft.date=2009-03-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ipmcenters.org/ipmsymposium09/IPM%20Program%2009%20to%20pri nt.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Sustainable Control of Vine Mealybug through Conservation of Natural Enemies with Selective Insecticides T2 - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AN - 41870922; 5097109 JF - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AU - Prabhaker, Nilima AU - Perring, Thomas AU - Bentley, Walter AU - Gispert, Carmen AU - Castle, Steven Y1 - 2009/03/24/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 24 KW - Conservation KW - Sustainable development KW - Vines KW - Insecticides KW - Natural enemies KW - Environment management KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41870922?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.atitle=Sustainable+Control+of+Vine+Mealybug+through+Conservation+of+Natural+Enemies+with+Selective+Insecticides&rft.au=Prabhaker%2C+Nilima%3BPerring%2C+Thomas%3BBentley%2C+Walter%3BGispert%2C+Carmen%3BCastle%2C+Steven&rft.aulast=Prabhaker&rft.aufirst=Nilima&rft.date=2009-03-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ipmcenters.org/ipmsymposium09/IPM%20Program%2009%20to%20pri nt.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Emerald Ash Borer: The Case of the Unexpected Guest and the Empty Pantry T2 - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AN - 41868330; 5096799 JF - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AU - Bloem, Kenneth Y1 - 2009/03/24/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 24 KW - Ash KW - Borers KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41868330?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.atitle=Emerald+Ash+Borer%3A+The+Case+of+the+Unexpected+Guest+and+the+Empty+Pantry&rft.au=Bloem%2C+Kenneth&rft.aulast=Bloem&rft.aufirst=Kenneth&rft.date=2009-03-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ipmcenters.org/ipmsymposium09/IPM%20Program%2009%20to%20pri nt.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Role of Nickel Nutrition in IPM for Suppressing Plant Diseases T2 - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AN - 41867267; 5096951 JF - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AU - Wood, Bruce Y1 - 2009/03/24/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 24 KW - Nutrition KW - Plant diseases KW - Nickel KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41867267?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.atitle=Role+of+Nickel+Nutrition+in+IPM+for+Suppressing+Plant+Diseases&rft.au=Wood%2C+Bruce&rft.aulast=Wood&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft.date=2009-03-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ipmcenters.org/ipmsymposium09/IPM%20Program%2009%20to%20pri nt.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Exploration in Kazakhstan for Natural Enemies of Russian Olive, an Exotic Weed Invading Riparian Areas of the American West T2 - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AN - 41864079; 5097254 JF - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AU - Williams, III, Livy AU - Jashenko, Roman AU - Mityaev, Ivan AU - DeLoach, C Y1 - 2009/03/24/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 24 KW - Kazakhstan KW - Riparian environments KW - Weeds KW - Natural enemies KW - Exploration KW - Introduced species KW - Riparian zone KW - Olea KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41864079?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.atitle=Exploration+in+Kazakhstan+for+Natural+Enemies+of+Russian+Olive%2C+an+Exotic+Weed+Invading+Riparian+Areas+of+the+American+West&rft.au=Williams%2C+III%2C+Livy%3BJashenko%2C+Roman%3BMityaev%2C+Ivan%3BDeLoach%2C+C&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=III&rft.date=2009-03-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ipmcenters.org/ipmsymposium09/IPM%20Program%2009%20to%20pri nt.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Black Vine Weevil (Otiorhynchus sulcatus) Monitoring in Field-Grown Ornamentals T2 - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AN - 41862054; 5097093 JF - Sixth International Integrated Pest Management Symposium on Transcending Boundaries AU - Bruck, Denny AU - Van Tol, Rob AU - De Kogel, Willem Y1 - 2009/03/24/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 24 KW - Vines KW - Otiorhynchus sulcatus KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41862054?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.atitle=Black+Vine+Weevil+%28Otiorhynchus+sulcatus%29+Monitoring+in+Field-Grown+Ornamentals&rft.au=Bruck%2C+Denny%3BVan+Tol%2C+Rob%3BDe+Kogel%2C+Willem&rft.aulast=Bruck&rft.aufirst=Denny&rft.date=2009-03-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sixth+International+Integrated+Pest+Management+Symposium+on+Transcending+Boundaries&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ipmcenters.org/ipmsymposium09/IPM%20Program%2009%20to%20pri nt.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Evaluating the Corrosiveness of Southern Pine Treated with Several Wood Preservatives Using Electrochemical Techniques T2 - CORROSION 2009: Conference and Exposition AN - 41870369; 5103533 JF - CORROSION 2009: Conference and Exposition AU - Zelinka, Samuel AU - Rammer, Douglas AU - Stone, Donald Y1 - 2009/03/22/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 22 KW - Electrochemistry KW - Preservatives KW - Wood KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41870369?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=CORROSION+2009%3A+Conference+and+Exposition&rft.atitle=Evaluating+the+Corrosiveness+of+Southern+Pine+Treated+with+Several+Wood+Preservatives+Using+Electrochemical+Techniques&rft.au=Zelinka%2C+Samuel%3BRammer%2C+Douglas%3BStone%2C+Donald&rft.aulast=Zelinka&rft.aufirst=Samuel&rft.date=2009-03-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=CORROSION+2009%3A+Conference+and+Exposition&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://nace.confex.com/nace/2009/webprogram/Session1396.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genetic diversity of transpiration efficiency in sorghum AN - 883019005; 15318582 AB - Sorghum is the fifth most important grain crop and is becoming increasingly important as a biofuel feedstock due to its superior tolerance to water-deficit stress. Sorghum is commonly grown under rain-fed conditions in the Southern Plains in the U.S.A. and other semi-arid regions in the world. Thus, its production is strongly affected by the availability of soil water during the growing season. Enhancing transpiration efficiency (TE), defined as biomass accumulation per unit water transpired, may be an effective approach to increasing sorghum yield in arid and semi-arid regions under no or limited irrigation. In this report, we surveyed 341 sorghum accessions for variation in TE. A selection of 25 lines was used to confirm the initial survey and these accessions were studied in a greenhouse experiment over 2 years. te in these selected lines varied from year to year; however, similar rank was observed in both studies. Several accessions with consistent high or low te were identified. te based on biomass production was strongly correlated with increased biomass accumulation rather than with reduced water use. Gas-exchange analysis indicated that low internal CO sub(2 concentration and enhanced photosynthetic capacity may be a factor accounting for the high te in some lines; other physiological processes also contribute to the te based on integrated biomass. The result suggests that considerable genetic variation in te exists in the sorghum germplasm collection and that te is strongly influenced by environment. The sorghum lines with contrasting te may serve as an important genetic resource for identification of physiological mechanisms regulating te and for improvement of this trait in sorghum breeding.) JF - Field Crops Research AU - Xin, Zhanguo AU - Aiken, Rob AU - Burke, John Y1 - 2009/03/15/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 15 SP - 74 EP - 80 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 111 IS - 1-2 SN - 0378-4290, 0378-4290 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Biofuels KW - Biomass KW - Sorghum KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - G:07800 KW - M3:1010 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/883019005?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Field+Crops+Research&rft.atitle=Genetic+diversity+of+transpiration+efficiency+in+sorghum&rft.au=Xin%2C+Zhanguo%3BAiken%2C+Rob%3BBurke%2C+John&rft.aulast=Xin&rft.aufirst=Zhanguo&rft.date=2009-03-15&rft.volume=111&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=74&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Field+Crops+Research&rft.issn=03784290&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.fcr.2008.10.010 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biomass; Sorghum DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2008.10.010 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Feeding probiotic bacteria to swine enhances immunity to Ascaris suum AN - 20379522; 9056249 JF - Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology AU - Solano-Aguilar, G AU - Shea-Donohue, T AU - Madden, K AU - Dawson, H AU - Beshah, E AU - Jones, Y AU - Restrepo, M AU - Urban, J AD - Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, ARS-USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA, gloria.solanoaguilar@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/03/15/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 15 SP - 293 EP - 294 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 128 IS - 1-3 SN - 0165-2427, 0165-2427 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Immunology Abstracts KW - Feeding KW - Ascaris suum KW - probiotics KW - Immunity KW - J 02350:Immunology KW - F 06910:Microorganisms & Parasites UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20379522?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Veterinary+Immunology+and+Immunopathology&rft.atitle=Feeding+probiotic+bacteria+to+swine+enhances+immunity+to+Ascaris+suum&rft.au=Solano-Aguilar%2C+G%3BShea-Donohue%2C+T%3BMadden%2C+K%3BDawson%2C+H%3BBeshah%2C+E%3BJones%2C+Y%3BRestrepo%2C+M%3BUrban%2C+J&rft.aulast=Solano-Aguilar&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2009-03-15&rft.volume=128&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=293&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Veterinary+Immunology+and+Immunopathology&rft.issn=01652427&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.vetimm.2008.10.178 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Feeding; probiotics; Immunity; Ascaris suum DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetimm.2008.10.178 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carvacrol facilitates heat-induced inactivation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and inhibits formation of heterocyclic amines in grilled ground beef patties. AN - 733136793; 19222201 AB - Heating meat at high temperature and/or for a long time to kill foodborne pathogens increases the formation of potentially carcinogenic heterocyclic amines. To overcome this problem, 1% carvacrol, the main ingredient of oregano oil widely used in salad dressings, was added to ground beef, which was mixed well and then inoculated with Escherichia coli O157:H7. Beef patties were then prepared and heat-treated on a preheated electrical skillet to reach an internal temperature of 65, 70, or 80 degrees C at the cold spot. Samples were enumerated for surviving E. coli O157:H7 population by plating on appropriate media. Heterocyclic amines (MeIQ, MeIQx, and PhIP) were extracted from ground beef using solid phase extraction and analyzed by mass spectrometry. Multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) scan type in positive mode was used to monitor the amines of interest. Compared to controls, the population of E. coli O157:H7 was reduced by 2.5-5 logs. The corresponding highest reductions in the three major amines were MeIQ, 58%; MeIQx, 72%; and PhIP, 78%. The results show that carvacrol concurrently reduced E. coli O157:H7 and amines in a widely consumed meat product. Possible mechanisms of the beneficial effects and dietary significance of the results are discussed. JF - Journal of agricultural and food chemistry AU - Friedman, Mendel AU - Zhu, Libin AU - Feinstein, Yelena AU - Ravishankar, Sadhana AD - Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA 94710, USA. Y1 - 2009/03/11/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 11 SP - 1848 EP - 1853 VL - 57 IS - 5 KW - Amines KW - 0 KW - Monoterpenes KW - carvacrol KW - 9B1J4V995Q KW - Index Medicus KW - Food Handling KW - Amines -- analysis KW - Meat Products -- microbiology KW - Hot Temperature -- adverse effects KW - Escherichia coli O157 -- drug effects KW - Monoterpenes -- pharmacology KW - Microbial Viability -- drug effects KW - Escherichia coli O157 -- growth & development KW - Meat Products -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/733136793?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+agricultural+and+food+chemistry&rft.atitle=Carvacrol+facilitates+heat-induced+inactivation+of+Escherichia+coli+O157%3AH7+and+inhibits+formation+of+heterocyclic+amines+in+grilled+ground+beef+patties.&rft.au=Friedman%2C+Mendel%3BZhu%2C+Libin%3BFeinstein%2C+Yelena%3BRavishankar%2C+Sadhana&rft.aulast=Friedman&rft.aufirst=Mendel&rft.date=2009-03-11&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1848&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+agricultural+and+food+chemistry&rft.issn=1520-5118&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fjf8022657 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2010-08-17 N1 - Date created - 2010-06-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf8022657 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Infrared heater arrays for warming field plots scaled up to 5-m diameter AN - 20344549; 9021715 AB - As Earth continues to warm globally, there is a need to conduct ecosystem plot warming experiments under conditions as representative of open fields in the future as possible. One promising approach is to use hexagonal arrays of infrared heaters such as described by [Kimball, B.A., Conley, M.M., Wang, S., Lin, X., Luo, C., Morgan, J., Smith, D., 2008. Infrared heater arrays for warming ecosystem field plots. Global Change Biology 14, 309-320]. However, their plots were only 3m in diameter (7.1m super(2)), which limits the stature of vegetation to shorter than about 1m and also limits the amount of plant material that can destructively harvested. Therefore, we tested a larger hexagonal 5-m diameter array of infrared heaters, which provided a near tripling of useable area (19.6m super(2)). The number of heaters was tripled from 6 to 18, and their height above the vegetative (wheat) canopy was scaled with the diameter (0.4 times diameter=2.0m). Distributions of down-going thermal radiation and of the resultant warming of the vegetation were quite uniform across the plot. Moreover, the same equation previously determined from 3-m diameter plots to describe the thermal radiation efficiency as a function of wind speed was still applicable. Thus, no problems were encountered in tripling the area of the infrared heater-warmed plots. JF - Agricultural and Forest Meteorology AU - Kimball, BA AU - Conley, M M AD - USDA, Agricultural Research Service, 21881 North Cardon Lane, Maricopa, AZ 85238, USA, Bruce.Kimball@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/03/11/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 11 SP - 721 EP - 724 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 149 IS - 3-4 SN - 0168-1923, 0168-1923 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - wheat KW - Vegetation KW - thermal radiation KW - Forests KW - Velocity KW - Wind speed KW - Triticum aestivum KW - Radiation KW - Plants KW - Global warming KW - Meteorology KW - canopies KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - M2 551.521.1/.18:Solar (551.521.1/.18) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20344549?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agricultural+and+Forest+Meteorology&rft.atitle=Infrared+heater+arrays+for+warming+field+plots+scaled+up+to+5-m+diameter&rft.au=Kimball%2C+BA%3BConley%2C+M+M&rft.aulast=Kimball&rft.aufirst=BA&rft.date=2009-03-11&rft.volume=149&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=721&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agricultural+and+Forest+Meteorology&rft.issn=01681923&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.agrformet.2008.09.015 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Wind speed; Radiation; Global warming; wheat; Plants; Velocity; Forests; thermal radiation; Vegetation; Meteorology; canopies; Triticum aestivum DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2008.09.015 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - A Phenological Atlas of Major Crops from the United States Heartland T2 - 75th Annual Conference of the American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing AN - 41811254; 5042380 JF - 75th Annual Conference of the American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing AU - Johnson, David Y1 - 2009/03/09/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 09 KW - USA KW - Crops KW - Heart KW - Atlases KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41811254?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=75th+Annual+Conference+of+the+American+Society+for+Photogrammetry+and+Remote+Sensing&rft.atitle=A+Phenological+Atlas+of+Major+Crops+from+the+United+States+Heartland&rft.au=Johnson%2C+David&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2009-03-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=75th+Annual+Conference+of+the+American+Society+for+Photogrammetry+and+Remote+Sensing&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.asprs.org/baltimore09/program/Baltimore09Final.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Data Partnership at the USDA T2 - 75th Annual Conference of the American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing AN - 41805785; 5042413 JF - 75th Annual Conference of the American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing AU - Tetrault, Robert Y1 - 2009/03/09/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 09 KW - Data processing KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41805785?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=75th+Annual+Conference+of+the+American+Society+for+Photogrammetry+and+Remote+Sensing&rft.atitle=Data+Partnership+at+the+USDA&rft.au=Tetrault%2C+Robert&rft.aulast=Tetrault&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2009-03-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=75th+Annual+Conference+of+the+American+Society+for+Photogrammetry+and+Remote+Sensing&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.asprs.org/baltimore09/program/Baltimore09Final.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - To Spatially Smooth or Not, Developing Rules to Clean a Thematic Layer T2 - 75th Annual Conference of the American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing AN - 41799858; 5042124 JF - 75th Annual Conference of the American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing AU - Seffrin, Robert Y1 - 2009/03/09/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 09 KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41799858?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=75th+Annual+Conference+of+the+American+Society+for+Photogrammetry+and+Remote+Sensing&rft.atitle=To+Spatially+Smooth+or+Not%2C+Developing+Rules+to+Clean+a+Thematic+Layer&rft.au=Seffrin%2C+Robert&rft.aulast=Seffrin&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2009-03-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=75th+Annual+Conference+of+the+American+Society+for+Photogrammetry+and+Remote+Sensing&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.asprs.org/baltimore09/program/Baltimore09Final.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Early Season Winter Wheat Identif cation using Limited Ground Truth T2 - 75th Annual Conference of the American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing AN - 41799831; 5042123 JF - 75th Annual Conference of the American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing AU - Willis, Patrick AU - Muller, Rick AU - Yang, Zhengwei Y1 - 2009/03/09/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 09 KW - Cations KW - Winter KW - Wheat KW - Triticum aestivum KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41799831?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=75th+Annual+Conference+of+the+American+Society+for+Photogrammetry+and+Remote+Sensing&rft.atitle=Early+Season+Winter+Wheat+Identif+cation+using+Limited+Ground+Truth&rft.au=Willis%2C+Patrick%3BMuller%2C+Rick%3BYang%2C+Zhengwei&rft.aulast=Willis&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft.date=2009-03-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=75th+Annual+Conference+of+the+American+Society+for+Photogrammetry+and+Remote+Sensing&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.asprs.org/baltimore09/program/Baltimore09Final.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - APFO's Database of Photo Identif able Control Points: Creation, Maintenance, and Use in Image Inspection T2 - 75th Annual Conference of the American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing AN - 41749127; 5042363 JF - 75th Annual Conference of the American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing AU - Adkins, Zachary AU - Hinkley, Sandra AU - Vanderbilt, Brian Y1 - 2009/03/09/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 09 KW - Inspection KW - Databases KW - Photographs KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41749127?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=75th+Annual+Conference+of+the+American+Society+for+Photogrammetry+and+Remote+Sensing&rft.atitle=APFO%27s+Database+of+Photo+Identif+able+Control+Points%3A+Creation%2C+Maintenance%2C+and+Use+in+Image+Inspection&rft.au=Adkins%2C+Zachary%3BHinkley%2C+Sandra%3BVanderbilt%2C+Brian&rft.aulast=Adkins&rft.aufirst=Zachary&rft.date=2009-03-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=75th+Annual+Conference+of+the+American+Society+for+Photogrammetry+and+Remote+Sensing&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.asprs.org/baltimore09/program/Baltimore09Final.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metrics of climate change impact and adaptation of physiologically-diverse crops AN - 20955407; 11047781 AB - This article was submitted without an abstract, please refer to the full-text PDF file. JF - IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science AU - Jaradat, Abdullah AD - ARS-USDA & University of Minnesota, Department of Agronomy & Plant Genetics, Morris, MN, USA Y1 - 2009/03/09/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 09 SP - 2 PB - Institute of Physics Publishing Inc., The Public Ledger Building, Suite 929 150 South Independence Mall West Philadelphia PA 19106 USA VL - 6 SN - 1755-1307, 1755-1307 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Adaptations KW - Conferences KW - Climate change KW - Climatic changes KW - Environmental sciences KW - Crops KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20955407?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IOP+Conference+Series%3A+Earth+and+Environmental+Science&rft.atitle=Metrics+of+climate+change+impact+and+adaptation+of+physiologically-diverse+crops&rft.au=Jaradat%2C+Abdullah&rft.aulast=Jaradat&rft.aufirst=Abdullah&rft.date=2009-03-09&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=IOP+Conference+Series%3A+Earth+and+Environmental+Science&rft.issn=17551307&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F1755-1307%2F6%2F37%2F372021 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Adaptations; Conferences; Climatic changes; Crops; Climate change; Environmental sciences DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1307/6/37/372021 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - New QuEChERS Developments for Sample Preparation and the Analysis of Chemical Residues in Foods by Mass Spectrometric Detection T2 - 60th Pittsburgh Conference and Expo on Analytical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy (Pittcon 2009) AN - 41802408; 5041237 JF - 60th Pittsburgh Conference and Expo on Analytical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy (Pittcon 2009) AU - Lehotay, Steven AU - Mastovska, Katerina Y1 - 2009/03/08/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 08 KW - Chemical residues KW - Food KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41802408?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=60th+Pittsburgh+Conference+and+Expo+on+Analytical+Chemistry+and+Applied+Spectroscopy+%28Pittcon+2009%29&rft.atitle=New+QuEChERS+Developments+for+Sample+Preparation+and+the+Analysis+of+Chemical+Residues+in+Foods+by+Mass+Spectrometric+Detection&rft.au=Lehotay%2C+Steven%3BMastovska%2C+Katerina&rft.aulast=Lehotay&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2009-03-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=60th+Pittsburgh+Conference+and+Expo+on+Analytical+Chemistry+and+Applied+Spectroscopy+%28Pittcon+2009%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.pittcon.org/technical/finalprogram.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Rapid and Routine Detection of Melamine in Animal Feed and Food by FT-Raman Technique T2 - 60th Pittsburgh Conference and Expo on Analytical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy (Pittcon 2009) AN - 41796954; 5041800 JF - 60th Pittsburgh Conference and Expo on Analytical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy (Pittcon 2009) AU - Liu, Yongliang AU - Chao, Kuanglin AU - Kim, Moon AU - Lefcourt, Alan Y1 - 2009/03/08/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 08 KW - Animal feeds KW - Food KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41796954?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=60th+Pittsburgh+Conference+and+Expo+on+Analytical+Chemistry+and+Applied+Spectroscopy+%28Pittcon+2009%29&rft.atitle=Rapid+and+Routine+Detection+of+Melamine+in+Animal+Feed+and+Food+by+FT-Raman+Technique&rft.au=Liu%2C+Yongliang%3BChao%2C+Kuanglin%3BKim%2C+Moon%3BLefcourt%2C+Alan&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Yongliang&rft.date=2009-03-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=60th+Pittsburgh+Conference+and+Expo+on+Analytical+Chemistry+and+Applied+Spectroscopy+%28Pittcon+2009%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.pittcon.org/technical/finalprogram.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Simultaneous Determination of Water-Soluble Vitamins in Fortified Foods by LC-UV/Fluorescence and LC-MS T2 - 60th Pittsburgh Conference and Expo on Analytical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy (Pittcon 2009) AN - 41796599; 5041524 JF - 60th Pittsburgh Conference and Expo on Analytical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy (Pittcon 2009) AU - Wolf, Wayne AU - Atkinson, Renata AU - Goldschmidt, Robert Y1 - 2009/03/08/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 08 KW - Vitamins KW - Fluorescence KW - Food KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41796599?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=60th+Pittsburgh+Conference+and+Expo+on+Analytical+Chemistry+and+Applied+Spectroscopy+%28Pittcon+2009%29&rft.atitle=Simultaneous+Determination+of+Water-Soluble+Vitamins+in+Fortified+Foods+by+LC-UV%2FFluorescence+and+LC-MS&rft.au=Wolf%2C+Wayne%3BAtkinson%2C+Renata%3BGoldschmidt%2C+Robert&rft.aulast=Wolf&rft.aufirst=Wayne&rft.date=2009-03-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=60th+Pittsburgh+Conference+and+Expo+on+Analytical+Chemistry+and+Applied+Spectroscopy+%28Pittcon+2009%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.pittcon.org/technical/finalprogram.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Analysis of Rice Volatiles using Stir Bar Sorptive Extraction and Dynamic Headspace Coupled with Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry and Gas Chromatography Olfactometry T2 - 60th Pittsburgh Conference and Expo on Analytical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy (Pittcon 2009) AN - 41754124; 5040848 JF - 60th Pittsburgh Conference and Expo on Analytical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy (Pittcon 2009) AU - Lloyd, Steven AU - Grimm, Casey Y1 - 2009/03/08/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Mar 08 KW - Gas chromatography KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - Volatiles KW - Olfactometers KW - Headspace KW - Chromatography KW - Oryza sativa KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41754124?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=60th+Pittsburgh+Conference+and+Expo+on+Analytical+Chemistry+and+Applied+Spectroscopy+%28Pittcon+2009%29&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+Rice+Volatiles+using+Stir+Bar+Sorptive+Extraction+and+Dynamic+Headspace+Coupled+with+Gas+Chromatography+Mass+Spectrometry+and+Gas+Chromatography+Olfactometry&rft.au=Lloyd%2C+Steven%3BGrimm%2C+Casey&rft.aulast=Lloyd&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2009-03-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=60th+Pittsburgh+Conference+and+Expo+on+Analytical+Chemistry+and+Applied+Spectroscopy+%28Pittcon+2009%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.pittcon.org/technical/finalprogram.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Terpenoid Resin Distribution in Conifer Needles with Implications for Red Tree Vole, Arborimus longicaudus, Foraging AN - 754871074; 13227139 AB - Tree voles are dietary specialists, feeding almost exclusively on conifer needles and bark. They reduce their exposure to conifer chemical defenses by physically removing resin ducts from many needles before ingesting the remaining tissue. The portion of needle removed differs among tree species, depending on the location of the resin ducts. To evaluate the amount of resin avoided by this behavior we removed the resin ducts from Douglas-fir, Western Hemlock, and Sitka Spruce needles and used gas chromatography to compare volatile resin concentrations in needles with and without the resin ducts removed. Needle tissues without resin ducts contained no terpenoid resin, demonstrating that tree voles can regulate the nutritional quality of their diet by controlling the amount of resin ingested. We suggest that differences in the physical structure (and possibly chemical composition of terpenes) of the needles make it difficult for voles to easily switch between tree hosts. JF - Canadian Field-Naturalist AU - Kelsey, R G AU - Forsman, ED AU - Swingle, J K AD - USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 12 EP - 18 VL - 123 IS - 1 SN - 0008-3550, 0008-3550 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Animal Behavior Abstracts KW - Conifers KW - Diets KW - Terpenes KW - Feeding KW - Resins KW - Trees KW - Volatiles KW - Gas chromatography KW - Bark KW - Arborimus longicaudus KW - Y 25040:Behavioral Ecology KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754871074?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Field-Naturalist&rft.atitle=Terpenoid+Resin+Distribution+in+Conifer+Needles+with+Implications+for+Red+Tree+Vole%2C+Arborimus+longicaudus%2C+Foraging&rft.au=Kelsey%2C+R+G%3BForsman%2C+ED%3BSwingle%2C+J+K&rft.aulast=Kelsey&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=123&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=12&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Canadian+Field-Naturalist&rft.issn=00083550&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Terpenes; Diets; Conifers; Feeding; Resins; Gas chromatography; Volatiles; Trees; Bark; Arborimus longicaudus ER - TY - JOUR T1 - HPLC-MS analysis of toxic norditerpenoid alkaloids: refinement of toxicity assessment of low larkspurs (Delphinium spp.) AN - 746003887; 9259371 AB - Introduction The low larkspurs (Delphinium nuttallianum and D. andersonii) are two toxic plant species that are often fatally ingested by cattle on western USA rangelands. To assess the potential toxicity of the plants, methods are needed to identify and quantify the toxic N-methylsuccinimidoanthranoyllycacontine type alkaloids in the plant. Objective To compare normal-phase and reverse-phase HPLC-MS methods of analysis for detection and identification of toxic alkaloids in two species of toxic larkspur plants and to define the toxic alkaloids found in Delphinium nuttallianum and D. andersonii collected from several sites in the western USA. Results The major toxic alkaloids found in the low larkspurs included methyllycaconitine, nudicauline, 14-deacetylnudicauline and geyerline. Other toxic alkaloids detected at lower concentrations included 16-deacetylgeyerline, grandiflorine, bearline, 14-acetylbearline, barbinine, 16-demethylnudicauline and three additional isomers of bearline. Total toxic alkaloid concentrations ranged from 0.72mg/g (d.w.) to 7.02mg/g determined by reverse-phase HPLC-MS. Conclusion The low larkspurs contain a number of toxic alkaloids in addition to the alkaloid methyllycaconitine that need to be assessed when considering the toxicity of the plant. Both normal-phase and reverse-phase HPLC methods are adequate to detect and quantify the alkaloids. The reverse-phase separation may be preferred due to readily available columns, reduced solvent use and simplicity of the electrospray ionisation source. JF - Phytochemical Analysis AU - Gardner, Dale R AU - Pfister, James A AD - USDA, ARS, Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, 1150 E. 1400 N., Logan, UT 84341, USA, dale.gardner@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 104 EP - 113 PB - John Wiley & Sons, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 20 IS - 2 SN - 0958-0344, 0958-0344 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - High-performance liquid chromatography KW - Rangelands KW - Alkaloids KW - Delphinium KW - Solvents KW - Toxicity KW - methyllycaconitine KW - Delphinium nuttallianum KW - Isomers KW - X 24300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/746003887?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytochemical+Analysis&rft.atitle=HPLC-MS+analysis+of+toxic+norditerpenoid+alkaloids%3A+refinement+of+toxicity+assessment+of+low+larkspurs+%28Delphinium+spp.%29&rft.au=Gardner%2C+Dale+R%3BPfister%2C+James+A&rft.aulast=Gardner&rft.aufirst=Dale&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=104&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytochemical+Analysis&rft.issn=09580344&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fpca.1104 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - High-performance liquid chromatography; Rangelands; Alkaloids; Solvents; Toxicity; methyllycaconitine; Isomers; Delphinium; Delphinium nuttallianum DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pca.1104 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radiation Sensitization and Postirradiation Proliferation of Listeria monocytogenes on Ready-to-Eat Deli Meat in the Presence of Pectin-Nisin Films AN - 744709130; 12685581 AB - In this study, the ability of pectin-nisin films in combination with ionizing radiation to eliminate Listeria monocytogenes and inhibit its postirradiation proliferation was evaluated. Pectin films containing 0.025% nisin were made by extrusion. The surface of a ready-to-eat turkey meat sample was inoculated with L. monocytogenes at 10 super( 6) CFU/cm super( 2) and covered with a piece of pectin-nisin film. The samples were vacuum packaged and irradiated at 0, 1, and 2 kGy. The treated samples were stored at 10C and withdrawn at 0, 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks for microbial analysis. Reductions in L. monocytogenes viability of 1.42, 1.56, 2.85, 3.78, and 5.36 log CFU/cm super( 2) were achieved for the treatments of 1 kGy, pectin-nisin film, 2 kGy, 1 kGy plus pectin-nisin film, and 2 kGy plus pectin-nisin film, respectively. The greatest reduction (5.5 log CFU/cm super( 2)) was observed at 1 week for the 2 kGy plus pectin-nisin film treatment, suggesting that nisin was further released from the film to the surface of meat samples. Pectin-nisin films used in this study did not prevent but did significantly slow (P < 0.05) the proliferation of the L monocytogenes cells that survived irradiation during 8 weeks of storage at 10C. These data indicate the potential use of pectin-nisin films alone or in combination with ionizing radiation for preventing listeriosis due to postprocessing contamination of ready-to-eat meat products. JF - Journal of Food Protection AU - Jin, Tony AU - Liu, Linshu AU - Sommers, Christopher H AU - Boyd, Glenn AU - Zhang, Howard AD - Food Safety Intervention Technologies Research Unit and 2 Crop Conversion Science and Engineering Research Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, Pennsylvania 19038, USAMS 08-383: Received 5 August 2008/Accepted 24 October 2008* Author for correspondence. Tel: 215-836-6904; Fax: 215-233-6406; tony.jin[AT]ars.usda.gov. Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 644 PB - Allen Press, Inc., 810 East Tenth St. Lawrence KS 66044 USA VL - 72 IS - 3 SN - 0362-028X, 0362-028X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Meat products KW - Listeria monocytogenes KW - Data processing KW - Listeriosis KW - Vacuum KW - Food contamination KW - Meat KW - Nisin KW - Colony-forming cells KW - Ionizing radiation KW - Cell proliferation KW - Pectin KW - Films KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology KW - J 02340:Antibiotics & Antimicrobials UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/744709130?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Food+Protection&rft.atitle=Radiation+Sensitization+and+Postirradiation+Proliferation+of+Listeria+monocytogenes+on+Ready-to-Eat+Deli+Meat+in+the+Presence+of+Pectin-Nisin+Films&rft.au=Jin%2C+Tony%3BLiu%2C+Linshu%3BSommers%2C+Christopher+H%3BBoyd%2C+Glenn%3BZhang%2C+Howard&rft.aulast=Jin&rft.aufirst=Tony&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=644&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Food+Protection&rft.issn=0362028X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Meat products; Meat; Data processing; Nisin; Listeriosis; Ionizing radiation; Colony-forming cells; Vacuum; Food contamination; Cell proliferation; Pectin; Films; Listeria monocytogenes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Validation of Cooking Times and Temperatures for Thermal Inactivation of Yersinia pestis Strains KIM5 and CDC-A1122 in Irradiated Ground Beef AN - 744670670; 12685589 AB - Irradiated ground beef samples (ca. 3-g portions with ca. 25% fat) inoculated with Yersina pestis strain KIM5 (ca. 6.7 log CFU/g) were heated in a circulating water bath stabilized at 48.9, 50, 52.5, 55, 57.5, or 60C (120, 122, 126.5, 131, 135.5, and 140F, respectively). Average D-values were 192.17, 34.38, 17.11, 3.87, 1.32, and 0.56 min, respectively, with a corresponding z-value of 4.67C (8.41F). In related experiments, irradiated ground beef patties (ca. 95 g per patty with ca. 25% fat) were inoculated with Y. pestis strains KIM5 or CDC-A1122 (ca. 6.0 log CFU/g) and cooked on an open-flame gas grill or on a clam-shell type electric grill to internal target temperatures of 48.9, 60, and 71.1C (120, 140, and 160F, respectively). For patties cooked on the gas grill, strain KIM5 populations decreased from ca. 6.24 to 4.32, 3.51, and ,0.7 log CFU/g at 48.9, 60, and 71.1C, respectively, and strain CDC-A1122 populations decreased to 3.46 log CFU/g at 48.9C and to ,0.7 log CFU/g at both 60 and 71.1C. For patties cooked on the clam-shell grill, strain KIM5 populations decreased from ca. 5.96 to 2.53 log CFU/g at 48.9C and to ,0.7 log CFU/g at 60 or 71.1C, and strain CDC-A1122 populations decreased from ca. 5.98 to ,0.7 log CFU/g at all three cooking temperatures. These data confirm that cooking ground beef on an open-flame gas grill or on a clam-shell type electric grill to the temperatures and times recommended by the U.S. Department of Agriculture and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Food Code, appreciably lessens the likelihood, severity, and/or magnitude of consumer illness if the ground beef were purposefully contaminated even with relatively high levels of Y. pestis. JF - Journal of Food Protection AU - Porto-Fett, Anna C S AU - Juneja, Vijay K AU - Tamplin, Mark L AU - Luchansky, B AD - US. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, Microbial Food Safety Research Unit, Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 564 PB - Allen Press, Inc., 810 East Tenth St. Lawrence KS 66044 USA VL - 72 IS - 3 SN - 0362-028X, 0362-028X KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Temperature effects KW - Agriculture KW - Data processing KW - Baths KW - Beef KW - Colony-forming cells KW - Cooking KW - Yersinia pestis KW - Consumers KW - J 02450:Ecology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/744670670?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Food+Protection&rft.atitle=Validation+of+Cooking+Times+and+Temperatures+for+Thermal+Inactivation+of+Yersinia+pestis+Strains+KIM5+and+CDC-A1122+in+Irradiated+Ground+Beef&rft.au=Porto-Fett%2C+Anna+C+S%3BJuneja%2C+Vijay+K%3BTamplin%2C+Mark+L%3BLuchansky%2C+B&rft.aulast=Porto-Fett&rft.aufirst=Anna+C&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=564&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Food+Protection&rft.issn=0362028X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agriculture; Temperature effects; Data processing; Baths; Beef; Colony-forming cells; Cooking; Consumers; Yersinia pestis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Flaxseed oil prevents trans-10, cis-12-conjugated linoleic acid-induced insulin resistance in mice. AN - 733920609; 18710604 AB - Insulin resistance (IR) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are found in 35 and 30 % of US adults, respectively. Trans-10, cis-12-conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has been found to cause both these disorders in several animal models. We hypothesised that IR and NAFLD caused by CLA result from n-3 fatty acid deficiency. Pathogen-free C57BL/6N female mice (aged 8 weeks; n 10) were fed either a control diet or diets containing trans-10, cis-12-CLA (0.5 %) or CLA+flaxseed oil (FSO) (0.5 %+0.5 %) for 8 weeks. Weights of livers, concentration of circulating insulin, values of homeostatic model 1 (HOMA1) for IR and HOMA1 for beta cell function were higher by 160, 636, 985 and 968 % in the CLA group compared with those in the control group. FSO decreased fasting glucose by 20 % and liver weights by 37 % compared with those in the CLA group; it maintained circulating insulin, HOMA1-IR and HOMA1 for beta cell function at levels found in the control group. CLA supplementation decreased n-6 and n-3 wt% concentrations of liver lipids by 57 and 73 % and increased the n-6:n-3 ratio by 58 % compared with corresponding values in the control group. FSO increased n-6 and n-3 PUFA in liver lipids by 33 and 342 % and decreased the n-6:n-3 ratio by 70 % compared with corresponding values in the CLA group. The present results suggest that some adverse effects of CLA may be due to n-3 PUFA deficiency and that these can be corrected by a concomitant increase in the intake of alpha-linolenic acid, 18 : 3n-3. JF - The British journal of nutrition AU - Kelley, Darshan S AU - Vemuri, Madhuri AU - Adkins, Yuriko AU - Gill, Sher Himmat S AU - Fedor, Dawn AU - Mackey, Bruce E AD - Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, and Department of Nutrition, University of California-Davis, 430 West Health Sciences Drive, Davis, CA 95616, USA. darshan.kelley@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - March 2009 SP - 701 EP - 708 VL - 101 IS - 5 KW - Blood Glucose KW - 0 KW - Insulin KW - Linoleic Acids, Conjugated KW - Lipids KW - trans-10,cis-12-conjugated linoleic acid KW - Linseed Oil KW - 8001-26-1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Lipids -- blood KW - Eating -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena KW - Liver -- pathology KW - Lipid Metabolism -- drug effects KW - Blood Glucose -- metabolism KW - Insulin -- blood KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Mice KW - Female KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Fatty Liver -- prevention & control KW - Linseed Oil -- therapeutic use KW - Fatty Liver -- chemically induced KW - Linoleic Acids, Conjugated -- toxicity KW - Fatty Liver -- pathology KW - Insulin Resistance -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/733920609?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+British+journal+of+nutrition&rft.atitle=Flaxseed+oil+prevents+trans-10%2C+cis-12-conjugated+linoleic+acid-induced+insulin+resistance+in+mice.&rft.au=Kelley%2C+Darshan+S%3BVemuri%2C+Madhuri%3BAdkins%2C+Yuriko%3BGill%2C+Sher+Himmat+S%3BFedor%2C+Dawn%3BMackey%2C+Bruce+E&rft.aulast=Kelley&rft.aufirst=Darshan&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=701&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+British+journal+of+nutrition&rft.issn=1475-2662&rft_id=info:doi/10.1017%2FS0007114508027451 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-12-22 N1 - Date created - 2009-02-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0007114508027451 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improved scales for metal ion softness and toxicity. AN - 67175413; 18980392 AB - Ten scales relating to chemical hardness or softness of metal ions were compiled. These included eight published scales such as those of Pearson, Ahrland, Klopman, and Misono. Another scale consisted of the logs of the solubility products of metal sulfides, and yet another was a consensus scale constructed from -log K values for metal ion binding to seven soft ligands. These 10 scales were normalized and averaged. The resulting consensus scale for softness (sigma(Con)) appeared to be superior to any of the 10 scales used in its construction based on correlations among the scales. Other possible indicators of softness were examined, including the standard electrode potential (E(0)) and the bulk metal density (rho(Metal)), both of which were also superior to most of the 10 scales just mentioned. Vales for sigma(Con) may be computed from E(0), rho(Metal), and the first ionization potential (I(P)), R(2) = 0.867, for the equation sigma(Con) = aE(0)I(P) + brho(Metal). A consensus scale for toxicity (T(Con)) derived from studies with many different taxa correlated well (R(2) = 0.807) with sigma(Con) computed from the preceding equation, but incorporation of ion charge (Z) into the following equation, T(Con) = asigma(Con) + bsigma(Con)Z + cZ, increased R(2) to 0.923. Substitution of other softness scales for sigma(Con) into equations to predict T(Con) reduced the value of R(2). Thus, sigma(Con) appears to be a superior scale for metal ion softness and toxicity, the latter being an interactive function of both softness and charge. JF - Environmental toxicology and chemistry AU - Kinraide, Thomas B AD - Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Beaver, West Virginia 25813-9423, USA. tom.kinraide@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - March 2009 SP - 525 EP - 533 VL - 28 IS - 3 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Metals KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Index Medicus KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- chemistry KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - Metals -- chemistry KW - Environmental Monitoring -- standards KW - Metals -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67175413?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.atitle=Improved+scales+for+metal+ion+softness+and+toxicity.&rft.au=Kinraide%2C+Thomas+B&rft.aulast=Kinraide&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=525&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/10.1897%2F08-208.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-06-10 N1 - Date created - 2009-04-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1897/08-208.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of different pyrethroids on landing behavior of female Aedes aegypti, Anopheles quadrimaculatus, and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae). AN - 67130198; 19351080 AB - Mosquitoes from three genera, Aedes aegypti L., Anopheles quadrimaculatus Say, and Culex quinquefasciatus Say, were tested for facultative landing and resting behavior on pyrethroid-treated surfaces paired with adjacent untreated surfaces. The three pyrethroids tested were bifenthrin, deltamethrin, and lambda-cyhalothrin. Landing and resting behavior was video recorded and quantified using Observer XT software. Untreated control treatments were tested to show behavior in the absence of insecticides. In controls, the three species had different activity levels, with An. quadrimaculatus being the most active and Cx. quinquefasciatus being the least active. The three species had unique responses to different compounds tested. Landing frequency on adjacent untreated and treated filter papers did not differ for any compound or species at any time during the experiment. However, landing frequencies did differ between treatments and over time. Differences between treated and untreated sides were largely caused by changes in the length of time mosquitoes rested on each side. An. quadrimaculatus had a unique response to the presence of deltamethrin compared with the other species or compounds in which it spent an increased amount of time in contact with both treated and adjacent untreated surfaces. Cx. quinquefasciatus avoided all three compounds by the end of the experiment and rested longer on untreated sides. In most cases, modification of landing and resting behaviors occurred only after mosquitoes had the opportunity to come into contact and acquire a dose of pyrethroid. Bifenthrin had the fastest TK50 for all species. Other differences between compounds for each species are described. The term excito-repellency has produced confusion in the literature, and it is revisited and discussed with respect to the results, which justify the use of alternative terminology. The term "locomotive stimulant" is offered as an acceptable alternative. JF - Journal of medical entomology AU - Cooperband, Miriam F AU - Allan, Sandra A AD - Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology, USDA-ARS, 1600 SW 23rd Drive, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA. Miriam.F.Cooperband@aphis.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - March 2009 SP - 292 EP - 306 VL - 46 IS - 2 SN - 0022-2585, 0022-2585 KW - Insecticides KW - 0 KW - Pyrethrins KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Time Factors KW - Female KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Pyrethrins -- pharmacology KW - Insecticides -- pharmacology KW - Culicidae -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67130198?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+medical+entomology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+different+pyrethroids+on+landing+behavior+of+female+Aedes+aegypti%2C+Anopheles+quadrimaculatus%2C+and+Culex+quinquefasciatus+mosquitoes+%28Diptera%3A+Culicidae%29.&rft.au=Cooperband%2C+Miriam+F%3BAllan%2C+Sandra+A&rft.aulast=Cooperband&rft.aufirst=Miriam&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=292&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+medical+entomology&rft.issn=00222585&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-05-19 N1 - Date created - 2009-04-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Increased detection of Listeria species and Listeria monocytogenes in raw beef, using the Assurance GDS molecular detection system with culture isolation. AN - 67116915; 19343963 AB - Testing for Listeria is challenging because of its slow growth rate. Recently, we described a rapid Listeria culture isolation method. This method can be improved by utilizing a rapid molecular detection test such as the Assurance GDS tests for Listeria and Listeria monocytogenes. These two methods (culture isolation and Assurance GDS) use different enrichment strategies that may affect the number of Listeria and L. monocytogenes cells detected. Therefore, after first determining that the Assurance GDS accurately identified common Listeria strains isolated from raw beef, the two methods were compared by using paired ground beef samples (n = 256) that had been gathered from commercial sources. The agreement of the two methods was > 76% for the culture and GDS Listeria method and > 77% for the culture and GDS L. monocytogenes method. The molecular tests then were evaluated as endpoint tests in selected culture isolation enrichments. In this comparison, culture isolation and the molecular Listeria test agreed 100 and 84.4% of the time for Listeria-positive and -negative enrichments, respectively. An analysis of the discrepant samples in both experiments revealed that approximately 50% of the samples identified as positive by the molecular method but not by the culture method could be confirmed by subsequent testing, indicating that the immunomagnetic concentration step of the GDS test likely provides a more sensitive level of detection than does culture alone. The culture results were available 2 days earlier when the molecular tests were used instead of plating media. However, because the Assurance GDS Listeria test cannot distinguish L. monocytogenes from other Listeria species such as Listeria innocua, samples containing both species could not be distinguished. JF - Journal of food protection AU - Bosilevac, Joseph M AU - Guerini, Michael N AU - Koohmaraie, Mohammad AD - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, Nebraska 68933-0166, USA. mick.bosilevac@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - March 2009 SP - 674 EP - 679 VL - 72 IS - 3 SN - 0362-028X, 0362-028X KW - Culture Media KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Animals KW - Listeria monocytogenes -- isolation & purification KW - Cattle KW - Food Microbiology KW - Consumer Product Safety KW - Humans KW - Time Factors KW - Species Specificity KW - Culture Media -- chemistry KW - Colony Count, Microbial -- methods KW - Food Contamination -- analysis KW - Colony Count, Microbial -- standards KW - Meat -- microbiology KW - Listeria -- isolation & purification UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67116915?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.atitle=Increased+detection+of+Listeria+species+and+Listeria+monocytogenes+in+raw+beef%2C+using+the+Assurance+GDS+molecular+detection+system+with+culture+isolation.&rft.au=Bosilevac%2C+Joseph+M%3BGuerini%2C+Michael+N%3BKoohmaraie%2C+Mohammad&rft.aulast=Bosilevac&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=674&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.issn=0362028X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-05-05 N1 - Date created - 2009-04-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inactivation of Lactobacillus plantarum in apple cider, using radio frequency electric fields. AN - 67114202; 19343959 AB - Radio frequency electric fields (RFEF) nonthermal processing effectively inactivates gram-negative bacteria in juices, but has yet to be shown effective at reducing gram-positive bacteria. Apple cider containing Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC 49445, a gram-positive bacterium, was RFEF processed under the following conditions: field strength of 0.15 to 15 kV/cm, temperature of 45 to 55 degrees C, frequency of 5 to 65 kHz, treatment time of 170 micros, and holding time of 5 to 50 s. The effect of refrigerating the inoculated cider prior to processing, the extent of sublethal injury, and the effect of storing the treated cider for 35 days were investigated. The population of L. plantarum was reduced by 1.0 log at 15 kV/cm, 20 kHz, and 50 degrees C, with a 5-s hold time. There is a synergistic effect between RFEF and heat above 50 degrees C. Inactivation significantly (P < 0.05) increased as frequency was decreased from 65 to 5 kHz. Inactivation increased linearly with field above 8 kV/cm. Holding cider at 55 degrees C after RFEF treatment for 5 and 50 s resulted in 2.5- and 3.1-log reductions, respectively. The surviving population was composed of 1.4-log sublethally injured cells. Storing processed cider at 4 degrees C for 35 days steadily and significantly (P < 0.05) reduced L. plantarum from 4.5 to 0.9 log CFU/ml. The electrical energy density was 51 J/ml. This provides the first evidence that nonthermal RFEF processing inactivates gram-positive bacteria, and that surviving cells may die off during refrigerated storage. JF - Journal of food protection AU - Geveke, David J AU - Gurtler, Joshua AU - Zhang, Howard Q AD - Food Safety Intervention Technologies Research Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, Pennsylvania 19038, USA. david.geveke@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - March 2009 SP - 656 EP - 661 VL - 72 IS - 3 SN - 0362-028X, 0362-028X KW - Index Medicus KW - Refrigeration KW - Hot Temperature KW - Food Microbiology KW - Consumer Product Safety KW - Humans KW - Beverages -- microbiology KW - Colony Count, Microbial KW - Food Preservation -- methods KW - Time Factors KW - Radio Waves KW - Lactobacillus plantarum -- growth & development KW - Malus -- microbiology KW - Lactobacillus plantarum -- radiation effects KW - Food Handling -- methods KW - Food Irradiation KW - Malus -- radiation effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67114202?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.atitle=Inactivation+of+Lactobacillus+plantarum+in+apple+cider%2C+using+radio+frequency+electric+fields.&rft.au=Geveke%2C+David+J%3BGurtler%2C+Joshua%3BZhang%2C+Howard+Q&rft.aulast=Geveke&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=656&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.issn=0362028X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-05-05 N1 - Date created - 2009-04-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Baccharis pteronioides toxicity in livestock and hamsters. AN - 67034244; 19286499 AB - Baccharis pteronioides DC has been intermittently associated with livestock poisoning in the southwestern United States. In 2004, nearly 100 cows were reported poisoned by B. pteronioides in southern New Mexico. Initial field studies and postmortem examinations found drought conditions, evidence of B. pteronioides consumption, and a reported mortality of nearly 40%. Because postmortem materials were unsuitable for further examination, plant samples were collected for feeding trials and chemical evaluation. Forty-eight Syrian hamsters (8 weeks old) were randomly divided into 4 groups and dosed with 0, 50, 100, and 200 mg of B. pteronioides for 10 days. After dosing, the hamsters were necropsied; sera were analyzed biochemically; and tissues were collected and evaluated histologically. The hamsters treated with 200 mg and several of the 100-mg animals developed anorexia and diarrhea. These animals developed multiple hemorrhagic infarcts in the liver and kidney, with severe hemorrhagic enteritis. Histologically, the higher-dosed animals had severe necrotizing vasculitis with vascular thrombosis of hepatic and renal vessels. Many glomerular capillaries contained fibrin thrombi. The superficial intestinal and colonic mucosa was necrotic, with extensive hemorrhage and proliferation of luminal bacteria. Lower-dosed animals had mild hepatocellular swelling, with proliferation of intestinal and gastric bacteria and yeast. The findings indicate that at high doses, B. pteronioides is toxic to hamsters and produces lesions that are very similar to bacterial endotoxin-produced vasculitis and infarction. Research to purify and identify the toxin, the toxic dose, and mechanism of toxicity are ongoing. JF - Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation : official publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Inc AU - Stegelmeier, Bryan L AU - Sani, Yulvian AU - Pfister, James A AD - Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, 1150 East 1400 North, Logan, UT 84321, USA. bryan.stegelmeier@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - March 2009 SP - 208 EP - 213 VL - 21 IS - 2 SN - 1040-6387, 1040-6387 KW - Index Medicus KW - Models, Animal KW - Animals KW - Cattle KW - Random Allocation KW - Mesocricetus KW - Histocytochemistry KW - Cricetinae KW - Liver Diseases -- veterinary KW - Baccharis -- poisoning KW - Liver Diseases -- etiology KW - Baccharis -- toxicity KW - Kidney Diseases -- etiology KW - Kidney Diseases -- veterinary KW - Cattle Diseases -- etiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67034244?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+veterinary+diagnostic+investigation+%3A+official+publication+of+the+American+Association+of+Veterinary+Laboratory+Diagnosticians%2C+Inc&rft.atitle=Baccharis+pteronioides+toxicity+in+livestock+and+hamsters.&rft.au=Stegelmeier%2C+Bryan+L%3BSani%2C+Yulvian%3BPfister%2C+James+A&rft.aulast=Stegelmeier&rft.aufirst=Bryan&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=208&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+veterinary+diagnostic+investigation+%3A+official+publication+of+the+American+Association+of+Veterinary+Laboratory+Diagnosticians%2C+Inc&rft.issn=10406387&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-06-09 N1 - Date created - 2009-03-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Novel cell-based method to detect Shiga toxin 2 from Escherichia coli O157:H7 and inhibitors of toxin activity. AN - 66962869; 19139230 AB - Escherichia coli O157:H7 is a leading cause of food-borne illness. This human pathogen produces Shiga toxins (Stx1 and Stx2) which inhibit protein synthesis by inactivating ribosome function. The present study describes a novel cell-based assay to detect Stx2 and inhibitors of toxin activity. A Vero cell line harboring a destabilized variant (half-life, 2 h) of the enhanced green fluorescent protein (d2EGFP) was used to monitor the toxin-induced inhibition of protein synthesis. This Vero-d2EGFP cell line produced a fluorescent signal which could be detected by microscopy or with a plate reader. However, a greatly attenuated fluorescent signal was detected in Vero-d2EGFP cells that had been incubated overnight with either purified Stx2 or a cell-free culture supernatant from Stx1- and Stx2-producing E. coli O157:H7. Dose-response curves demonstrated that the Stx2-induced inhibition of enhanced green fluorescent protein fluorescence mirrored the Stx2-induced inhibition of overall protein synthesis and identified a picogram-per-milliliter threshold for toxin detection. To establish our Vero-d2EGFP assay as a useful tool for the identification of toxin inhibitors, we screened a panel of plant compounds for antitoxin activities. Fluorescent signals were maintained when Vero-d2EGFP cells were exposed to Stx1- and Stx2-containing medium in the presence of either grape seed or grape pomace extract. The antitoxin properties of the grape extracts were confirmed with an independent toxicity assay that monitored the overall level of protein synthesis in cells treated with purified Stx2. These results indicate that the Vero-d2EGFP fluorescence assay is an accurate and sensitive method to detect Stx2 activity and can be utilized to identify toxin inhibitors. JF - Applied and environmental microbiology AU - Quiñones, Beatriz AU - Massey, Shane AU - Friedman, Mendel AU - Swimley, Michelle S AU - Teter, Ken AD - US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Western Regional Research Center, Produce Safety and Microbiology Research Unit, Albany, California, USA. Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - March 2009 SP - 1410 EP - 1416 VL - 75 IS - 5 KW - Antidotes KW - 0 KW - Escherichia coli Proteins KW - Plant Extracts KW - Shiga Toxin 2 KW - enhanced green fluorescent protein KW - Green Fluorescent Proteins KW - 147336-22-9 KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Protein Biosynthesis -- drug effects KW - Plant Extracts -- pharmacology KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Cercopithecus aethiops KW - Genes, Reporter KW - Vero Cells KW - Green Fluorescent Proteins -- metabolism KW - Green Fluorescent Proteins -- genetics KW - Escherichia coli Proteins -- toxicity KW - Escherichia coli Proteins -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Bacteriological Techniques -- methods KW - Shiga Toxin 2 -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Shiga Toxin 2 -- toxicity KW - Escherichia coli Proteins -- biosynthesis KW - Antidotes -- pharmacology KW - Shiga Toxin 2 -- biosynthesis KW - Escherichia coli O157 -- pathogenicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66962869?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+environmental+microbiology&rft.atitle=Novel+cell-based+method+to+detect+Shiga+toxin+2+from+Escherichia+coli+O157%3AH7+and+inhibitors+of+toxin+activity.&rft.au=Qui%C3%B1ones%2C+Beatriz%3BMassey%2C+Shane%3BFriedman%2C+Mendel%3BSwimley%2C+Michelle+S%3BTeter%2C+Ken&rft.aulast=Qui%C3%B1ones&rft.aufirst=Beatriz&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1410&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+environmental+microbiology&rft.issn=1098-5336&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAEM.02230-08 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-03-12 N1 - Date created - 2009-02-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Biochim Biophys Acta. 1999 Oct 18;1472(1-2):42-50 [10572924] Biochemistry. 2008 Sep 9;47(36):9582-91 [18702515] J Infect Dis. 2001 Apr 1;183(7):1063-70 [11237831] J Clin Microbiol. 2001 Jun;39(6):2272-9 [11376069] J Infect Dis. 2002 Jan 1;185(1):74-84 [11756984] J Infect Dis. 2002 Jan 15;185(2):214-9 [11807695] J Cell Sci. 2002 Feb 15;115(Pt 4):817-26 [11865037] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Mar 5;99(5):3042-6 [11854470] Microbiol Immunol. 2002;46(4):249-55 [12061627] J Appl Microbiol. 2003;95(2):205-17 [12859750] Infect Immun. 1977 Dec;18(3):775-9 [338490] Biochem J. 1984 May 1;219(3):935-40 [6331401] Epidemiol Infect. 1987 Dec;99(3):613-24 [3322851] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Apr;85(8):2568-72 [3357883] J Infect Dis. 1989 Dec;160(6):994-8 [2685131] J Biol Chem. 1993 Jul 25;268(21):15484-8 [8340376] Clin Microbiol Rev. 1998 Jul;11(3):450-79 [9665978] J Clin Microbiol. 1999 Mar;37(3):497-503 [9986802] Infect Immun. 2005 Apr;73(4):2524-32 [15784599] Emerg Infect Dis. 2005 Apr;11(4):603-9 [15829201] J Biol Chem. 2005 Jun 17;280(24):23303-9 [15814610] J Med Microbiol. 2005 Nov;54(Pt 11):1023-30 [16192432] Protein Expr Purif. 2005 Nov;44(1):52-7 [15922623] Anal Biochem. 2006 Jun 15;353(2):266-71 [16647035] Infect Immun. 2007 Sep;75(9):4552-61 [17576758] Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2008 Jan;24(1):38-47 [18043231] PLoS One. 2007;2(11):e1159 [18174909] J Clin Microbiol. 2008 Apr;46(4):1292-7 [18272709] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2000 Jun;66(6):2513-9 [10831431] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.02230-08 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potential of Aspergillus flavus genomics for applications in biotechnology. AN - 66959011; 19195728 AB - Aspergillus flavus is a common saprophyte and opportunistic pathogen that produces numerous secondary metabolites. The primary objectives of the A. flavus genomics program are to reduce and eliminate aflatoxin contamination in food and feed and to discover genetic factors that contribute to plant and animal pathogenicity. A. flavus expressed sequence tags (ESTs) and whole-genome sequencing have been completed. Annotation of the A. flavus genome has revealed numerous genes and gene clusters that are potentially involved in the formation of aflatoxin and other secondary metabolites, as well as in the degradation of complex carbohydrate polymers. Analysis of putative secondary metabolism pathways might facilitate the discovery of new compounds with pharmaceutical properties, as well as new enzymes for biomass degradation. JF - Trends in biotechnology AU - Cleveland, Thomas E AU - Yu, Jiujiang AU - Fedorova, Natalie AU - Bhatnagar, Deepak AU - Payne, Gary A AU - Nierman, William C AU - Bennett, Joan W AD - United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA/ARS), Southern Regional Research Center, 1100 Robert E. Lee Blvd., New Orleans, LA 70124, USA. ed.cleveland@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - March 2009 SP - 151 EP - 157 VL - 27 IS - 3 SN - 0167-7799, 0167-7799 KW - Aflatoxins KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Genome, Fungal -- genetics KW - Aflatoxins -- genetics KW - Industrial Microbiology -- trends KW - Signal Transduction -- genetics KW - Aspergillus flavus -- physiology KW - Chromosome Mapping -- methods KW - Biotechnology -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66959011?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Trends+in+biotechnology&rft.atitle=Potential+of+Aspergillus+flavus+genomics+for+applications+in+biotechnology.&rft.au=Cleveland%2C+Thomas+E%3BYu%2C+Jiujiang%3BFedorova%2C+Natalie%3BBhatnagar%2C+Deepak%3BPayne%2C+Gary+A%3BNierman%2C+William+C%3BBennett%2C+Joan+W&rft.aulast=Cleveland&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=151&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Trends+in+biotechnology&rft.issn=01677799&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.tibtech.2008.11.008 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-04-22 N1 - Date created - 2009-02-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tibtech.2008.11.008 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of toxic endophyte-infected fescue on sperm characteristics and endocrine factors of yearling Brahman-influenced bulls. AN - 66943174; 18997075 AB - Sixteen (mean age = 1.1 +/- 0.1 yr; mean BW = 478 +/- 34 kg) Brahman-influenced bulls were used to determine the influence of fescue type on sperm characteristics and serum concentrations of prolactin, cortisol, and testosterone. Bulls were blocked by BW, scrotal circumference (SC), and pregrazing sperm characteristics and randomly assigned to graze toxic endophyte-infected (EI; 4 bulls/pasture; 2 pastures) or novel endophyte-infected (NE; 4 bulls/pasture; 2 pastures) tall fescue for 121 d. Semen was collected by electroejaculation, and SC was measured and blood samples collected monthly. Sperm were evaluated for motility and morphology with an integrated visual optical system. Overall mean concentration of prolactin was decreased more (P 0.10) influenced by fescue type. Semen from bulls grazing EI had reduced motility and morphology than bulls grazing NE. Detrimental effects of toxic fescue may not be mediated by cortisol, testosterone, or both. Semen quality of bulls grazing toxic EI tall fescue was decreased with increased maximum ambient temperatures. JF - Journal of animal science AU - Looper, M L AU - Rorie, R W AU - Person, C N AU - Lester, T D AU - Hallford, D M AU - Aiken, G E AU - Roberts, C A AU - Rottinghaus, G E AU - Rosenkrans, C F AD - USDA-ARS, Dale Bumpers Small Farms Research Center, Booneville, AR 72927, USA. Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - March 2009 SP - 1184 EP - 1191 VL - 87 IS - 3 KW - Prolactin KW - 9002-62-4 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Prolactin -- blood KW - Random Allocation KW - Male KW - Spermatozoa -- physiology KW - Cattle -- physiology KW - Festuca -- microbiology KW - Endocrine System -- physiology KW - Animal Feed -- microbiology KW - Food Contamination KW - Animal Feed -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66943174?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+animal+science&rft.atitle=Influence+of+toxic+endophyte-infected+fescue+on+sperm+characteristics+and+endocrine+factors+of+yearling+Brahman-influenced+bulls.&rft.au=Looper%2C+M+L%3BRorie%2C+R+W%3BPerson%2C+C+N%3BLester%2C+T+D%3BHallford%2C+D+M%3BAiken%2C+G+E%3BRoberts%2C+C+A%3BRottinghaus%2C+G+E%3BRosenkrans%2C+C+F&rft.aulast=Looper&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1184&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+animal+science&rft.issn=1525-3163&rft_id=info:doi/10.2527%2Fjas.2008-1258 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-04-07 N1 - Date created - 2009-02-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/jas.2008-1258 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The maize enr system of r1 haplotype-specific aleurone color enhancement factors. AN - 66929178; 18974402 AB - We describe a family of 3 dominant r1 haplotype-specific enhancers of aleurone color in Zea mays. Stable alleles of the 3 enhancement of r1 loci (enr1, enr2, and enr3) intensify aleurone color conferred by certain pale and near-colorless r1 haplotypes. In addition, unstable alleles of enr1 act on the same set of r1 haplotypes, producing spotted kernels. Components of this instability cross react with the Fcu system of instability. Two of the enr loci are linked with one another but none of the 3 are linked with r1. The r1 haplotypes affected by enr alleles overlap those affected by the inr family of r1 haplotype-specific inhibitors of aleurone color, suggesting a possible interaction. JF - The Journal of heredity AU - Stinard, Philip S AU - Kermicle, Jerry L AU - Sachs, Martin M AD - United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service, Soybean/Maize Germplasm, Pathology and Genetics Research Unit, Urbana, IL 61801, USA. PY - 2009 SP - 217 EP - 228 VL - 100 IS - 2 KW - DNA Transposable Elements KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Genetic Linkage KW - DNA Transposable Elements -- physiology KW - Plants, Genetically Modified KW - Quantitative Trait Loci -- genetics KW - Mutagenesis, Insertional -- physiology KW - Crosses, Genetic KW - Models, Biological KW - Chromosome Mapping KW - Mutagenesis, Insertional -- genetics KW - Epistasis, Genetic KW - Chromosomes, Plant KW - Haplotypes KW - Genes, Plant KW - Pigmentation -- genetics KW - Zea mays -- genetics KW - Color UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66929178?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+heredity&rft.atitle=The+maize+enr+system+of+r1+haplotype-specific+aleurone+color+enhancement+factors.&rft.au=Stinard%2C+Philip+S%3BKermicle%2C+Jerry+L%3BSachs%2C+Martin+M&rft.aulast=Stinard&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=100&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+heredity&rft.issn=1465-7333&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fjhered%2Fesn091 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-06-22 N1 - Date created - 2009-02-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jhered/esn091 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acyl-homoserine-lactone autoinducer in the gastrointestinal [corrected] tract of feedlot cattle and correlation to season, E. coli O157:H7 prevalence, and diet. AN - 66883716; 18982388 AB - Acyl-homoserine-lactone autoinducer (AHL) produced by nonenterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli species in cattle appears to be required for enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) colonization of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). The current research aimed to examine the effect of season, diet, EHEC shedding, and location within the GIT on AHL prevalence in the ruminant. Luminal content samples were collected from the rumen and rectum of feedlot cattle at slaughter in the spring, summer, fall, and winter for culture of E. coli O157:H7 and AHL determination. During the spring collection, samples were additionally collected from the cecum and small intestine, but these samples all were AHL negative and therefore not examined again. To assess the influence of diet on AHL prevalence, 14 lambs were fed either 100% forage or 80% concentrate diets and experimentally inoculated with EHEC. At 8 days after infection, all the lambs were killed, and necropsies were taken, with luminal contents collected from the GIT. The collections from the feedlot cattle had AHL in 100% of the rumen content samples from the spring, summer, and fall, but not in any of the winter samples. No other GIT samples from feedlot cattle were AHL positive, and all the samples from the sheep study were AHL negative. The cattle seemed to show a weak correlation between ruminal AHL and EHEC prevalence. This research found AHL only in the rumen and not in the lower GIT of feedlot cattle. However, it is unclear whether this is because the pH of the lower gut destroys the AHL or because a lack of certain bacteria in the lower gut producing AHL. JF - Current microbiology AU - Edrington, T S AU - Farrow, R L AU - Sperandio, V AU - Hughes, D T AU - Lawrence, T E AU - Callaway, T R AU - Anderson, R C AU - Nisbet, D J AD - Food and Feed Safety Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, College Station, TX 77845, USA. edrington@ffsru.tamu.edu Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - March 2009 SP - 227 EP - 232 VL - 58 IS - 3 KW - Acyl-Butyrolactones KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Feces -- microbiology KW - Rumen -- microbiology KW - Animals KW - Escherichia coli Infections -- microbiology KW - Cattle KW - Escherichia coli Infections -- epidemiology KW - Sheep KW - Humans KW - Rectum -- microbiology KW - Food Microbiology KW - Escherichia coli O157 -- isolation & purification KW - Animal Feed -- microbiology KW - Seasons KW - Animal Feed -- analysis KW - Acyl-Butyrolactones -- metabolism KW - Gastrointestinal Tract -- microbiology KW - Escherichia coli O157 -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66883716?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+microbiology&rft.atitle=Acyl-homoserine-lactone+autoinducer+in+the+gastrointestinal+%5Bcorrected%5D+tract+of+feedlot+cattle+and+correlation+to+season%2C+E.+coli+O157%3AH7+prevalence%2C+and+diet.&rft.au=Edrington%2C+T+S%3BFarrow%2C+R+L%3BSperandio%2C+V%3BHughes%2C+D+T%3BLawrence%2C+T+E%3BCallaway%2C+T+R%3BAnderson%2C+R+C%3BNisbet%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Edrington&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=227&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+microbiology&rft.issn=1432-0991&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00284-008-9312-8 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-02-23 N1 - Date created - 2009-02-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00284-008-9312-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Grain Prices Impact Entire Livestock Production Cycle AN - 58823777; 2008-278382 AB - Between 2006 & 2008, feed costs nearly doubled & are expected to result in lower meat & dairy production in 2009. Feed prices have declined since mid-2008 & are expected to be lower in 2009, but the biological timeline of livestock production means meat producers are limited in what they can do in the short run to change production. Changes in U.S. livestock-industry structure & the use of alternative feeds, such as byproducts from ethanol production, will help reduce the impact of higher input costs on livestock producers. Adapted from the source document. JF - Amber Waves AU - Stillman, Richard AU - Haley, Mildred AU - Mathews, Ken Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - March 2009 SP - 24 EP - 27 PB - Economic Research Service, US Dept of Agriculture VL - 7 IS - 1 SN - 1545-8741, 1545-8741 KW - Agriculture and agricultural policy - Crop management and agricultural production KW - Agriculture and agricultural policy - Livestock, meat, and animal products industry KW - Manufacturing and heavy industry - Industrial management, production, and productivity KW - Business and service sector - Business finance KW - Agriculture and agricultural policy - Grass, grain, seed, and nut industries KW - Meat industry KW - Prices KW - Production KW - Dairy industry KW - Agricultural products KW - Grain KW - Livestock industry KW - Ethanol KW - article UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58823777?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apais&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Amber+Waves&rft.atitle=Grain+Prices+Impact+Entire+Livestock+Production+Cycle&rft.au=Stillman%2C+Richard%3BHaley%2C+Mildred%3BMathews%2C+Ken&rft.aulast=Stillman&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=24&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Amber+Waves&rft.issn=15458741&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-04 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agricultural products; Meat industry; Dairy industry; Production; Prices; Grain; Livestock industry; Ethanol ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Growing Crops for Biofuels Has Spillover Effects AN - 58815989; 2008-278380 AB - Federal mandates for biofuel production promote expanded crop acreage & shifts in cropping patterns & livestock production due to higher prices for corn & other grain crops. An increase in the extent of agricultural land in production & intensity of input use increases the potential for environmental degradation. Research that improves crop productivity & conversion efficiency, as well as conservation practices like no-till & buffer strips, could lessen the environmental impacts of biofuels. Adapted from the source document. JF - Amber Waves AU - Malcolm, Scott AU - Aillery, Marcel Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - March 2009 SP - 10 EP - 15 PB - Economic Research Service, US Dept of Agriculture VL - 7 IS - 1 SN - 1545-8741, 1545-8741 KW - Energy resources and policy - Energy policy KW - Business and service sector - Business finance KW - Environment and environmental policy - Pollution and environmental degradation KW - Agriculture and agricultural policy - Grass, grain, seed, and nut industries KW - Manufacturing and heavy industry - Industrial management, production, and productivity KW - Agriculture and agricultural policy - Crop management and agricultural production KW - Agriculture KW - Environmental degradation KW - Prices KW - Grain KW - Productivity KW - Fuel KW - article UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58815989?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apais&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Amber+Waves&rft.atitle=Growing+Crops+for+Biofuels+Has+Spillover+Effects&rft.au=Malcolm%2C+Scott%3BAillery%2C+Marcel&rft.aulast=Malcolm&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=10&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Amber+Waves&rft.issn=15458741&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-04 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fuel; Prices; Environmental degradation; Grain; Productivity; Agriculture ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Agricultural Commodity Price Spikes in the 1970s and 1990s: Valuable Lessons for Today AN - 58809166; 2008-278381 AB - The rapid increase in crop prices between 2006 & mid-2008, while unprecedented in magnitude, was not unique. Two other periods of major rapid runups in prices occurred in 1971-74 & 1994-96. Each price surge resulted from a combination of factors, including depreciation of the U.S. dollar, strong worldwide demand for agricultural products, supply shocks, & policy responses by major trading countries. In the past, market adjustments eventually brought prices back down. Similarly, the high prices seen in 2008 have dropped; however, these adjustments are occurring in a more volatile environment. Adapted from the source document. JF - Amber Waves AU - Peters, May AU - Langley, Suchada AU - Westcott, Paul Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - March 2009 SP - 16 EP - 23 PB - Economic Research Service, US Dept of Agriculture VL - 7 IS - 1 SN - 1545-8741, 1545-8741 KW - Business and service sector - Business finance KW - Agriculture and agricultural policy - Agricultural policy and agricultural research KW - Economic conditions and policy - Economic conditions KW - Business and service sector - Markets, marketing, and merchandising KW - Business and service sector - Accounting KW - Agriculture and agricultural policy - Crop management and agricultural production KW - Agricultural policy KW - Depreciation KW - Prices KW - Agricultural products KW - Markets KW - Economic conditions KW - article UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58809166?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apais&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Amber+Waves&rft.atitle=Agricultural+Commodity+Price+Spikes+in+the+1970s+and+1990s%3A+Valuable+Lessons+for+Today&rft.au=Peters%2C+May%3BLangley%2C+Suchada%3BWestcott%2C+Paul&rft.aulast=Peters&rft.aufirst=May&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=16&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Amber+Waves&rft.issn=15458741&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-04 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Prices; Agricultural policy; Economic conditions; Markets; Depreciation; Agricultural products ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recent Volatility in U.S. Fertilizer Prices: Causes and Consequences AN - 58804883; 2008-278383 AB - Strong domestic & global demand, coupled with tight supplies & low inventories, contributed to record fertilizer prices in early 2008. Softening global fertilizer demand, disruptions in U.S. farmer application of fertilizers, an increase in fertilizer imports, & tighter credit for purchasing inputs contributed to the decline in fertilizer prices in late 2008. Fertilizer price volatility affects the profitability of corn & small grains, where fertilizer accounts for a relatively large share of production costs, compared with that for soybeans & cotton. Adapted from the source document. JF - Amber Waves AU - Huang, Wen-yuan AU - McBride, William AU - Vasavada, Utpal Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - March 2009 SP - 28 EP - 31 PB - Economic Research Service, US Dept of Agriculture VL - 7 IS - 1 SN - 1545-8741, 1545-8741 KW - Business and service sector - Business finance KW - Agriculture and agricultural policy - Agricultural population and workers KW - Agriculture and agricultural policy - Grass, grain, seed, and nut industries KW - Manufacturing and heavy industry - Industrial management, production, and productivity KW - Business and service sector - Accounting KW - Economic conditions and policy - Economic theory KW - Economic conditions and policy - Consumers and consumption KW - United States KW - Cost KW - Purchasing KW - Production KW - Farmers KW - Prices KW - Grain KW - Inventory KW - article UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58804883?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apais&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Amber+Waves&rft.atitle=Recent+Volatility+in+U.S.+Fertilizer+Prices%3A+Causes+and+Consequences&rft.au=Huang%2C+Wen-yuan%3BMcBride%2C+William%3BVasavada%2C+Utpal&rft.aulast=Huang&rft.aufirst=Wen-yuan&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=28&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Amber+Waves&rft.issn=15458741&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-04 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Prices; Farmers; Grain; Production; Inventory; Cost; United States; Purchasing ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Humoral Immune Responses of White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) to Mycobacterium bovis BCG Vaccination and Experimental Challenge with M. bovis AN - 21506657; 12492556 AB - Monitoring of the kinetics of production of serum antibodies to multiple mycobacterial antigens can be useful as a diagnostic tool for the detection of Mycobacterium bovis infection as well as for the characterization of disease progression and the efficacy of intervention strategies in several species. The humoral immune responses to multiple M. bovis antigens by white-tailed deer vaccinated with BCG orally via a lipid-formulated bait (n = 5), orally in liquid form (n = 5), and subcutaneously (n = 6) were evaluated over time after vaccination and after experimental challenge with virulent M. bovis and were compared to the responses by unvaccinated deer (n = 6). Antibody responses were evaluated by using a rapid test (RT), a multiantigen print immunoassay (MAPIA), a lipoarabinomannan enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (LAM-ELISA), and immunoblotting to whole-cell sonicate and recombinant antigen MPB83. MAPIA and RT detected minimal to no antibody responses over those at the baseline to multiple M. bovis antigens in vaccinated white-tailed deer after challenge. This was in contrast to the presence of more readily detectable antibody responses in nonvaccinated deer with more advanced disease. The LAM-ELISA results indicated an overall decrease in the level of production of detectable antibodies against lipoarabinomannan-enriched mycobacterial antigen in vaccinated animals compared to that in nonvaccinated animals after challenge. Immunoblot data were inconsistent but did suggest the occurrence of unique antibody responses by certain vaccinated groups to Ag85 and HSP70. These findings support further research toward the improvement and potential use of antibody-based assays, such as MAPIA, RT, and LAM-ELISA, as tools for the antemortem assessment of disease progression in white-tailed deer in both experimental and field vaccine trials. JF - Clinical and Vaccine Immunology AU - Nol, P AU - Lyashchenko, K P AU - Greenwald, R AU - Esfandiari, J AU - Waters, W R AU - Palmer, M V AU - Nonnecke, B J AU - Keefe, T J AU - Thacker, T C AU - Rhyan, J C AU - Aldwell, F E AU - Salman, MD AD - Animal Population Health Institute, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, pauline.nol@aphis.usda.gov pauline.nol@aphis.usda.gov pauline.nol@aphis.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 323 EP - 329 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA VL - 16 IS - 3 SN - 1556-679X, 1556-679X KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Immunology Abstracts KW - Antibodies KW - BCG KW - Data processing KW - Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay KW - Hsp70 protein KW - Immune response (humoral) KW - Immunoblotting KW - Infection KW - Kinetics KW - Lipoarabinomannans KW - Vaccination KW - Vaccines KW - Odocoileus virginianus KW - Mycobacterium bovis KW - J 02350:Immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21506657?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clinical+and+Vaccine+Immunology&rft.atitle=Humoral+Immune+Responses+of+White-Tailed+Deer+%28Odocoileus+virginianus%29+to+Mycobacterium+bovis+BCG+Vaccination+and+Experimental+Challenge+with+M.+bovis&rft.au=Nol%2C+P%3BLyashchenko%2C+K+P%3BGreenwald%2C+R%3BEsfandiari%2C+J%3BWaters%2C+W+R%3BPalmer%2C+M+V%3BNonnecke%2C+B+J%3BKeefe%2C+T+J%3BThacker%2C+T+C%3BRhyan%2C+J+C%3BAldwell%2C+F+E%3BSalman%2C+MD&rft.aulast=Nol&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=323&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clinical+and+Vaccine+Immunology&rft.issn=1556679X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FCVI.00392-08 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Immunoblotting; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Antibodies; Data processing; Hsp70 protein; BCG; Kinetics; Vaccines; Infection; Immune response (humoral); Vaccination; Lipoarabinomannans; Odocoileus virginianus; Mycobacterium bovis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/CVI.00392-08 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification of a Divided Genome for VSH-1, the Prophage-Like Gene Transfer Agent of Brachyspira hyodysenteriae AN - 21500906; 12493419 AB - The Brachyspira hyodysenteriae B204 genome sequence revealed three VSH-1 tail genes, hvp31, hvp60, and hvp37, in a 3.6-kb cluster. The location and transcription direction of these genes relative to those of the previously described VSH-1 16.3-kb gene operon indicate that the gene transfer agent VSH-1 has a noncontiguous, divided genome. JF - Journal of Bacteriology AU - Stanton, Thaddeus B AU - Humphrey, Samuel B AU - Bayles, Darrell O AU - Zuerner, Richard L AD - Pre-Harvest Food Safety and Enteric Diseases Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, Ames, Iowa 50010, Thad.Stanton@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 1719 EP - 1721 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA VL - 191 IS - 5 SN - 0021-9193, 0021-9193 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Genomes KW - Gene transfer KW - Tails KW - Brachyspira hyodysenteriae KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Transcription KW - Operons KW - J 02430:Symbiosis, Antibiosis & Phages KW - G 07770:Bacteria UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21500906?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.atitle=Identification+of+a+Divided+Genome+for+VSH-1%2C+the+Prophage-Like+Gene+Transfer+Agent+of+Brachyspira+hyodysenteriae&rft.au=Stanton%2C+Thaddeus+B%3BHumphrey%2C+Samuel+B%3BBayles%2C+Darrell+O%3BZuerner%2C+Richard+L&rft.aulast=Stanton&rft.aufirst=Thaddeus&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=191&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1719&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.issn=00219193&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FJB.01359-08 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Tails; Gene transfer; Nucleotide sequence; Transcription; Operons; Brachyspira hyodysenteriae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JB.01359-08 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Physiological, Nutritional, and Biochemical Bases of Corn Resistance to Foliage-Feeding Fall Armyworm AN - 21289682; 11768833 AB - Three corn (Zea mays) germplasm lines [i.e., Ab24E (susceptible control), Mp708 (resistant control), and a locally selected partial inbred line FAW7050 (resistant)] were examined for Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith; Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) resistance. Nutritional [i.e., total protein content, amino acids, glucose, total nonstructural carbohydrates (TNC), protein to TNC (P/C) ratios] and biochemical (i.e., peroxidase and lipoxygenase 3) properties in the seedlings of these corn lines were examined to categorize resistance mechanisms to S. frugiperda. Physiological changes in photosynthetic rates also were examined in an attempt to explain nutritional and biochemical dynamics among corn germplasm lines and between insect-infested and noninfested corn plants within a germplasm line. Results indicated that S. frugiperda larvae survived better and developed faster in susceptible Ab24E than in resistant FAW7050 or Mp708. The three germplasm lines differed in resistance mechanisms to S. frugiperda, and the observed patterns of resistance were probably collective results of the P/C ratio and defensive proteins. That is, the susceptibility of Ab24E to S. frugiperda was due to a high P/C ratio and a low level of induced defensive compounds in response to insect herbivory, while the resistance of FAW7050 resulted from elevated defensive proteins following insect herbivory, low P/C ratio, and elevated defensive proteins in Mp708 contributed to its resistance to S. frugiperda. The elevated protein amounts in resistant Mp708 and FAW7050 following S. frugiperda injury were likely due to greater conversion of photosynthates to defensive proteins following the greater photosynthetic rates in these entries. Greater photosynthetic capacity in Mp708 and FAW7050 also led to higher amino acid and glucose contents in these two lines. Neither amino acid nor lipoxygenase 3 played a critical role in corn resistance to S. frugiperda. However, high inducibility of peroxidase may be an indicator of S. frugiperda susceptibility as observed elsewhere. JF - Journal of Chemical Ecology AU - Chen, Yigen AU - Ni, Xinzhi AU - Buntin, GDavid AD - Crop Genetics and Breeding Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Tifton, GA, 31793, USA, xinzhi.ni@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 297 EP - 306 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 35 IS - 3 SN - 0098-0331, 0098-0331 KW - Chemoreception Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - Amino acids KW - Germplasm KW - Lepidoptera KW - Z 05340:Ecology and Behavior KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - R 18160:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21289682?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Chemical+Ecology&rft.atitle=Physiological%2C+Nutritional%2C+and+Biochemical+Bases+of+Corn+Resistance+to+Foliage-Feeding+Fall+Armyworm&rft.au=Chen%2C+Yigen%3BNi%2C+Xinzhi%3BBuntin%2C+GDavid&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Yigen&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=297&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Chemical+Ecology&rft.issn=00980331&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10886-009-9600-1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Germplasm; Lepidoptera DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10886-009-9600-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of Coconut, Sisal and Jute Fibers on the Properties of Starch/Gluten/Glycerol Matrix AN - 21285750; 11772908 AB - Coconut, sisal and jute fibers were added as reinforcement materials in a biodegradable polymer matrix comprised of starch/gluten/glycerol. The content of fibers used in the composites varied from 5% to 30% by weight of the total polymers (starch and gluten). Materials were processed in a Haake torque rheometer (120C, 50rpm) for 6min. The mixtures obtained were molded by heat compression and further characterized. Addition of lignocellulosic fibers in the matrix decreased the water absorption at equilibrium. The diffusion coefficient decreased sharply around 5% fiber concentration, and further fiber additions caused only small variations. The thermogravimetric (TG) analysis revealed improved thermal stability of matrix upon addition of fibers. The Young's modulus and ultimate tensile strength increased with fiber content in the matrix. The storage modulus increased with increasing fiber content, whereas tand curves decreased, confirming the reinforcing effect of the fibers. Morphology of the composites analyzed under the scanning electron microscope (SEM) exhibited good interfacial adhesion between the matrix and the added fibers. Matrix degraded rapidly in compost, and addition of increased amounts of coconut fiber in the matrix caused a slowdown the biodegradability of the matrix. JF - Journal of Polymers and the Environment AU - Corradini, Elisangela AU - Imam, Syed H AU - Agnelli, Jose AM AU - Mattoso, Luiz HC AD - Bioproduct Chemistry & Engineering Research Unit, Western Regional Research Center, ARS-USDA, Albany, CA, 94710, USA, syed.imam@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 1 EP - 9 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 17 IS - 1 SN - 1566-2543, 1566-2543 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Gluten KW - Scanning electron microscopy KW - Composts KW - Starch KW - Biodegradability KW - Compression KW - Fibers KW - Glycerol KW - Heat KW - Reinforcement KW - Tensile strength KW - Diffusion coefficient KW - Thermal stability KW - Mechanical properties KW - W 30935:Food Biotechnology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21285750?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Polymers+and+the+Environment&rft.atitle=Effect+of+Coconut%2C+Sisal+and+Jute+Fibers+on+the+Properties+of+Starch%2FGluten%2FGlycerol+Matrix&rft.au=Corradini%2C+Elisangela%3BImam%2C+Syed+H%3BAgnelli%2C+Jose+AM%3BMattoso%2C+Luiz+HC&rft.aulast=Corradini&rft.aufirst=Elisangela&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Polymers+and+the+Environment&rft.issn=15662543&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10924-009-0115-1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Gluten; Scanning electron microscopy; Composts; Starch; Biodegradability; Compression; Fibers; Glycerol; Heat; Reinforcement; Tensile strength; Thermal stability; Diffusion coefficient; Mechanical properties DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10924-009-0115-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Belowground competition from overstory trees influences Douglas-fir sapling morphology in thinned stands AN - 21277852; 11719091 AB - We evaluated effects of belowground competition on morphology of naturally established coast Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) saplings in 60- to 80-year-old thinned Douglas-fir stands in southwestern Washington. We separately quantified belowground competition from overstory and understory sources using trenching and understory removal. In this light-limited environment of 26c16% (std. dev.) full sunlight, 2-year exclusion of tree root competition by trenching increased sapling stem biomass by 18%, total aboveground biomass by 21%, number of interwhorl buds by 68%, total foliar biomass by 33%, and foliar biomass on branch components over 4years old by 143%. Belowground competition did not influence shoot:root ratio or foliar efficiency (i.e., stem growth per unit foliage biomass). Sapling needle size, specific leaf area, and internodal distance also were not affected by belowground competition; these variables were apparently a function of the low-light environment. The principal source of belowground competition was roots of overstory trees; effects of belowground competition from understory vegetation were minor. Thus, under a partial overstory, morphology of Douglas-fir regeneration was influenced by both belowground and aboveground competition from overstory trees. In this environment, understory vegetation control would not likely influence belowground competition to an extent that would affect sapling morphology. JF - New Forests AU - Devine, Warren D AU - Harrington, Timothy B AD - Olympia Forestry Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest Research Station, USDA Forest Service, 3625 93rd Avenue SW, Olympia, WA, 98512, USA, wdevine@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 137 EP - 153 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 37 IS - 2 SN - 0169-4286, 0169-4286 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - regeneration KW - Trees KW - Morphology KW - understory KW - Vegetation KW - INE, USA, Washington KW - Biomass KW - sunlight KW - buds KW - competition KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21277852?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Forests&rft.atitle=Belowground+competition+from+overstory+trees+influences+Douglas-fir+sapling+morphology+in+thinned+stands&rft.au=Devine%2C+Warren+D%3BHarrington%2C+Timothy+B&rft.aulast=Devine&rft.aufirst=Warren&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=137&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=New+Forests&rft.issn=01694286&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11056-008-9114-7 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - regeneration; Trees; Morphology; understory; Vegetation; buds; sunlight; Biomass; competition; INE, USA, Washington DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11056-008-9114-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating in situ soil-water retention and field water capacity in two contrasting soil textures AN - 21232607; 11721426 AB - A priori knowledge of the in situ soil field water capacity (FWC) and the soil-water retention curve for soils is important for the effective irrigation management and scheduling of many crops. The primary objective of this study was to estimate the in situ FWC using the soil-water retention curve developed from volumetric water content ([thetas]), and water potential ( psi ) data collected in the field by means of soil moisture sensors in two contrasting-textured soils. The two study soils were Lihen sandy loam and Savage clay loam. Six metal frames 117cm117cm& #x00A0; 30cm high were inserted into the soil to a depth of 5-10cm at approximately 40m intervals on a 200m transect. Two Time Domain Reflectrometry (TDR) sensors were installed in the center of the frame and two Watermark (WM) sensors were installed in the SW corner at 15 and 30cm depths to continuously monitor soil [thetas] and psi , respectively. A neutron probe (NP) access tube was installed in the NE corner of each frame to measure soil [thetas] used for TDR calibration. The upper 50-60cm of soil inside each frame was saturated with intermittent application of approximately 18-20cm of water. Frames were then covered with plastic tarps. The Campbell and Gardner equations best fit the soil-water retention curves for sandy loam and clay loam soils, respectively. Based on the relationship between soil psi and elapsed time following cessation of infiltration, we calculated that the field capacity time (t sub(FWC)) were reached at approximately 50 and 450h, respectively, for sandy loam and clay loam soils. Soil-water retention curves showed that [thetas] values at FWC ([thetas] sub(FWC)) were approximately 0.228 and 0.344m super(3)m super(&#x 2212; 3), respectively, for sandy loam and clay loam soils. The estimated [thetas] sub(FWC) values were within the range of the measured [thetas] sub(FWC) values from the NP and gravimetric methods. The TDR and WM sensors provided accurate in situ soil-water retention data from simultaneous soil [thetas] and psi measurements that can be used in soil-water processes, irrigation scheduling, modeling and chemical transport. JF - Irrigation Science AU - Jabro, J D AU - Evans, R G AU - Kim, Y AU - Iversen, WM AD - Northern Plains Agricultural Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS, 1500N. Central Avenue, Sidney, MT, 59270, USA, jay.jabro@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 223 EP - 229 PB - Springer-Verlag, Heidelberger Platz 3 Berlin 14197 Germany VL - 27 IS - 3 SN - 0342-7188, 0342-7188 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water Management KW - Sensors KW - Estimating KW - Infiltration KW - Capacity KW - Soil Water KW - Loam KW - Retention KW - Clay Loam KW - SW 5010:Network design UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21232607?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Irrigation+Science&rft.atitle=Estimating+in+situ+soil-water+retention+and+field+water+capacity+in+two+contrasting+soil+textures&rft.au=Jabro%2C+J+D%3BEvans%2C+R+G%3BKim%2C+Y%3BIversen%2C+WM&rft.aulast=Jabro&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=223&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Irrigation+Science&rft.issn=03427188&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00271-008-0137-9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil Water; Retention; Loam; Sensors; Clay Loam; Capacity; Water Management; Estimating; Infiltration DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00271-008-0137-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - First Report of Oak Mistletoe [Phoradendron leucarpum (Raf.) Reveal & M.C. Johnston] on the Invasive Liana, Oriental Bittersweet (Celastrus orbiculatus Thunb.) AN - 21219983; 11206783 JF - Journal of the Kentucky Academy of Science AU - Taylor, David D AU - Thompson, Ralph L AD - USDA Forest Service, 1700 Bypass Road, Winchester, Kentucky 40391 Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 97 PB - Kentucky Academy of Science, Science Outreach Center Lexington KY 40536-0078 USA VL - 70 IS - 1 SN - 1098-7096, 1098-7096 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Lianas KW - Phoradendron KW - Santalales KW - Celastrus orbiculatus KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21219983?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Kentucky+Academy+of+Science&rft.atitle=First+Report+of+Oak+Mistletoe+%5BPhoradendron+leucarpum+%28Raf.%29+Reveal+%26amp%3B+M.C.+Johnston%5D+on+the+Invasive+Liana%2C+Oriental+Bittersweet+%28Celastrus+orbiculatus+Thunb.%29&rft.au=Taylor%2C+David+D%3BThompson%2C+Ralph+L&rft.aulast=Taylor&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=97&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Kentucky+Academy+of+Science&rft.issn=10987096&rft_id=info:doi/10.3101%2F1098-7096-70.1.97 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Lianas; Phoradendron; Santalales; Celastrus orbiculatus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3101/1098-7096-70.1.97 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of Beetle Density and Time of Day on the Dispersal of Gratiana boliviana (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) AN - 21213127; 11204619 AB - The leaf beetle, Gratiana boliviana Spaeth, is a biological control agent of tropical soda apple (Solanum viarum Dunal), a noxious weed invading the rangeland and agricultural fields of Florida and other southeastern states. In caged experiments, we examined the influence of beetle density and the time of day on the dispersal of the leaf beetle. Increasing beetle density from 2 to 100 beetles per plant did not increase G. boliviana dispersal, as long as the host plants were not severely defoliated. An increase in beetle density from 10 to 100 beetles per plant significantly reduced the per capita fecundity from 0.3 to 0.02 eggs over a 24-h period. Thus, a mass rearing method for G. boliviana should consider the potential detrimental effect of increasing density on the fecundity of the leaf beetle. When the dispersal activity of the leaf beetle was observed between 8:00 and 18:00 h, the proportion of beetles dispersing from a given plant increased throughout the morning hours and peaked at noon. A monitoring or sampling program of G. boliviana should be conducted in the early morning or late afternoon when the beetles' tendency to disperse is the lowest in order to more accurately sample for the population density in a certain area. Beetle density and the time of day interacted to influence the proportion of G. boliviana dispersing from a given plant. The proportions of beetles that dispersed were not different among the different time periods at densities of less than 40 beetles per plant. At or above 40 beetles per plant, the proportion of beetles that dispersed peaked at noon. This study suggests that a myriad of factors, including density, feeding damage, photoperiod and host plant quality, interact to determine the dispersal pattern of G. boliviana. JF - Florida Entomologist AU - Chong, Juang-Horng AU - Tefel, Jeffrey J AU - Roda, Amy L AU - Mannion, Catharine M AD - University of Florida and USDA-APHIS-PPQ, Subtropical Horticulture Research Station, Miami, FL 33158 Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 99 EP - 106 PB - Florida Entomological Society, PO Box 1007 Lutz FL 33548-1007 USA VL - 92 IS - 1 SN - 0015-4040, 0015-4040 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Animal Behavior Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Biological control KW - Weeds KW - Feeding KW - Coleoptera KW - Photoperiods KW - Mass rearing KW - Solanum KW - Population density KW - Leaves KW - Host plants KW - Eggs KW - Rangelands KW - Fecundity KW - Malus KW - Sampling KW - Dispersal KW - Chrysomelidae KW - Y 25130:Methodology KW - A 01370:Biological Control KW - Z 05350:Medical, Veterinary, and Agricultural Entomology KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21213127?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Florida+Entomologist&rft.atitle=Effects+of+Beetle+Density+and+Time+of+Day+on+the+Dispersal+of+Gratiana+boliviana+%28Coleoptera%3A+Chrysomelidae%29&rft.au=Chong%2C+Juang-Horng%3BTefel%2C+Jeffrey+J%3BRoda%2C+Amy+L%3BMannion%2C+Catharine+M&rft.aulast=Chong&rft.aufirst=Juang-Horng&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=92&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=99&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Florida+Entomologist&rft.issn=00154040&rft_id=info:doi/10.1653%2F024.092.0116 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-04-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological control; Feeding; Weeds; Photoperiods; Mass rearing; Leaves; Population density; Host plants; Eggs; Rangelands; Fecundity; Dispersal; Sampling; Coleoptera; Solanum; Malus; Chrysomelidae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1653/024.092.0116 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microarray Analysis of Female- and Larval-Specific Gene Expression in the Horn Fly (Diptera: Muscidae) AN - 21203090; 11588596 AB - The horn fly, Haematobia irritans L., is an obligate blood-feeding parasite of cattle, and control of this pest is a continuing problem because the fly is becoming resistant to pesticides. Dominant conditional lethal gene systems are being studied as population control technologies against agricultural pests. One of the components of these systems is a female-specific gene promoter that drives expression of a lethality-inducing gene. To identify candidate genes to supply this promoter, microarrays were designed from a horn fly expressed sequence tag (EST) database and probed to identify female-specific and larval-specific gene expression. Analysis of dye swap experiments found 432 and 417 transcripts whose expression levels were higher or lower in adult female flies, respectively, compared with adult male flies. Additionally, 419 and 871 transcripts were identified whose expression levels were higher or lower in first-instar larvae compared with adult flies, respectively. Three transcripts were expressed more highly in adult females flies compared with adult males and also higher in the first-instar larval lifestage compared with adult flies. One of these transcripts, a putative nanos ortholog, has a high female-to-male expression ratio, a moderate expression level in first-instar larvae, and has been well characterized in Drosophila. melanogaster (Meigen). In conclusion, we used microarray technology, verified by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and massively parallel pyrosequencing, to study life stage- and sex-specific gene expression in the horn fly and identified three gene candidates for detailed evaluation as agene promoter source for the development of a female-specific conditional lethality system. JF - Journal of Medical Entomology AU - Guerrero, FelixD AU - Dowd, ScotE AU - Sun, Yan AU - Saldivar, Leonel AU - Wiley, Graham B AU - Macmil, Simone L AU - Najar, Fares AU - Roe, Bruce A AU - Foil, Lane D Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 257 EP - 270 PB - Entomological Society of America, 9301 Annapolis Rd. Lanham MD 20706 USA VL - 46 IS - 2 SN - 0022-2585, 0022-2585 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - Parasites KW - Population studies KW - DNA microarrays KW - expressed sequence tags KW - Gene expression KW - Promoters KW - Databases KW - Lethality KW - Drosophila melanogaster KW - Pesticides KW - Haematobia irritans KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Pests KW - Diptera KW - Muscidae KW - Z 05360:Genetics and Evolution KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications KW - G 07780:Fungi UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21203090?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Medical+Entomology&rft.atitle=Microarray+Analysis+of+Female-+and+Larval-Specific+Gene+Expression+in+the+Horn+Fly+%28Diptera%3A+Muscidae%29&rft.au=Guerrero%2C+FelixD%3BDowd%2C+ScotE%3BSun%2C+Yan%3BSaldivar%2C+Leonel%3BWiley%2C+Graham+B%3BMacmil%2C+Simone+L%3BNajar%2C+Fares%3BRoe%2C+Bruce+A%3BFoil%2C+Lane+D&rft.aulast=Guerrero&rft.aufirst=FelixD&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=257&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Medical+Entomology&rft.issn=00222585&rft_id=info:doi/10.1603%2F033.046.0210 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-05-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Gene expression; Databases; Parasites; Promoters; Lethality; Pesticides; Polymerase chain reaction; Population studies; Pests; expressed sequence tags; DNA microarrays; Drosophila melanogaster; Haematobia irritans; Muscidae; Diptera DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/033.046.0210 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A High-Throughput Screening Method to Identify Potential Pesticides for Mosquito Control AN - 21202688; 11588586 AB - Mosquitoes that transmit human diseases are of major importance to the international public health community. Pesticides remain a major component of integrated programs to control these medically important species. However, very few types of pesticides are currently registered for mosquito control. A high-throughput screening method using first-instar larvae of Aedes aegypti was created and evaluated in our laboratory to quickly screen large numbers of chemicals for activity against mosquitoes. LC50 values of a representative group of compounds were determined using this high-throughput screening method and compared with LD50 values determined by topical application against female adults of Ae. aegypti. Our results show that this high-throughput screening method is suitable for screening large numbers of candidate chemicals quickly to identify effective compounds. JF - Journal of Medical Entomology AU - Pridgeon, Julia W AU - Becnel, James J AU - Clark, Gary G AU - Linthicum, Kenneth J Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 335 EP - 341 PB - Entomological Society of America, 9301 Annapolis Rd. Lanham MD 20706 USA VL - 46 IS - 2 SN - 0022-2585, 0022-2585 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Entomology Abstracts KW - high-throughput screen KW - pesticides KW - mosquito control KW - Screening KW - Aedes aegypti KW - Human diseases KW - Pest control KW - Toxicity tests KW - Entomology KW - Topical application KW - Public health KW - Pesticides KW - high-throughput screening KW - Aquatic insects KW - Mortality causes KW - Q1 08484:Species interactions: parasites and diseases KW - Z 05350:Medical, Veterinary, and Agricultural Entomology KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21202688?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Medical+Entomology&rft.atitle=A+High-Throughput+Screening+Method+to+Identify+Potential+Pesticides+for+Mosquito+Control&rft.au=Pridgeon%2C+Julia+W%3BBecnel%2C+James+J%3BClark%2C+Gary+G%3BLinthicum%2C+Kenneth+J&rft.aulast=Pridgeon&rft.aufirst=Julia&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=335&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Medical+Entomology&rft.issn=00222585&rft_id=info:doi/10.1603%2F033.046.0219 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Screening; Human diseases; Pesticides; Pest control; Toxicity tests; Aquatic insects; Entomology; Mortality causes; Public health; high-throughput screening; Topical application; Aedes aegypti DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/033.046.0219 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stages of Gonadal Development of the Southern Green Stink Bug (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae): Improved Visualization AN - 21199119; 11587979 AB - The southern green stink bug, Nezara viridula (L.) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), and other related species have become pests in cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., after successful eradication efforts for the boll weevil. In Central Texas, little is known regarding the ecology of N. viridula. The reproductive status of N. viridula adults can be used to estimate population density and overwintering survival, but previous studies failed to provide clear visualizations for the developmental stages of the reproductive systems. This study was undertaken to provide improved visualizations of the developmental stages of the reproductive systems. Results will be critical in the accurate assessment of population reproductive status, estimation of population densities, and overwintering survival. Additionally, images presented here may be applicable to other stink bug species that infest row and fruit crops. JF - Annals of the Entomological Society of America AU - Esquivel, J F Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 303 EP - 309 PB - Entomological Society of America, 9301 Annapolis Rd. Lanham MD 20706 USA VL - 102 IS - 2 SN - 0013-8746, 0013-8746 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - Testes KW - Fruits KW - Overwintering KW - Population density KW - Developmental stages KW - Survival KW - Pentatomidae KW - Reproductive system KW - Crops KW - Gossypium hirsutum KW - Hemiptera KW - Reproductive status KW - Nezara viridula KW - Pests KW - Z 05340:Ecology and Behavior KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21199119?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+the+Entomological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Stages+of+Gonadal+Development+of+the+Southern+Green+Stink+Bug+%28Hemiptera%3A+Pentatomidae%29%3A+Improved+Visualization&rft.au=Esquivel%2C+J+F&rft.aulast=Esquivel&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=303&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+the+Entomological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00138746&rft_id=info:doi/10.1603%2F008.102.0212 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-04-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Testes; Reproductive status; Fruits; Overwintering; Population density; Survival; Developmental stages; Pests; Crops; Reproductive system; Nezara viridula; Pentatomidae; Hemiptera; Gossypium hirsutum DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/008.102.0212 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Semiautomated Approach for Monitoring Landscape Changes in Texas Seagrass Beds from Aerial Photography AN - 21194638; 11588868 AB - In support of the Texas Seagrass Monitoring Program, remote sensing research is underway to evaluate automated methods for monitoring landscape changes in seagrass beds related to human and/or natural disturbances. This paper discusses the integration of high resolution aerial color film photography, color space transformation, pixel threshold models, and geographic information system technology to detect, assess, and monitor 1-m ground feature changes and disturbance areas within a Texas, United States, shallow seagrass bed over 3 site years. The procedure entails transforming digitized, aerial color film transparencies from red, green, and blue color space to intensity, hue, and saturation color space; analyzing the saturation and/or intensity imagery and their histograms to identify bare areas; and developing threshold models to separate bare areas from vegetated areas employing the results obtained in the previous step. Maps created with this semiautomated approach had classification accuracies ranging from 75% to 100%. We used geographic information system tools to quantify landscape feature changes occurring at the shallow test site for 3 consecutive years. The overall findings indicate that the semiautomated approach described in this study can be used as an efficient protocol to accurately map changes in bare and vegetated areas within this Texas seagrass bed, and suggest that the techniques would have high potential for other similar seagrass areas. JF - Journal of Coastal Research AU - Fletcher, Reginald S AU - Pulich, Warren AU - Hardegree, Beau AD - United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Kika de la Garza Subtropical Agricultural Research Center, 2413 East Highway 83, Weslaco, TX 78596, U.S.A., reginald.fletcher@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - March 2009 SP - 500 EP - 506 PB - Coastal Education and Research Foundation VL - 25 IS - 2 SN - 0749-0208, 0749-0208 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Color space transformation KW - threshold models KW - geographic information system KW - sea-grass monitoring KW - Marine KW - Seagrasses KW - disturbance KW - Landscape KW - Remote sensing KW - seagrass beds KW - Aerial photography KW - Ecosystem disturbance KW - transparency KW - ASW, USA, Texas KW - classification KW - Sea grass KW - Geographic information systems KW - Photography KW - Technology KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - Q2 09393:Remote geosensing KW - Q1 08463:Habitat community studies KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21194638?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Coastal+Research&rft.atitle=A+Semiautomated+Approach+for+Monitoring+Landscape+Changes+in+Texas+Seagrass+Beds+from+Aerial+Photography&rft.au=Fletcher%2C+Reginald+S%3BPulich%2C+Warren%3BHardegree%2C+Beau&rft.aulast=Fletcher&rft.aufirst=Reginald&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=500&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Coastal+Research&rft.issn=07490208&rft_id=info:doi/10.2112%2F07-0882.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Remote sensing; Sea grass; Aerial photography; Photography; Ecosystem disturbance; transparency; disturbance; Seagrasses; classification; Landscape; seagrass beds; Geographic information systems; Technology; ASW, USA, Texas; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2112/07-0882.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Strain-Specific Virulence of Bordetella hinzii in Poultry AN - 21192973; 11588988 JF - Avian Diseases Digest AU - Register, Karen B AU - Kunkle, Robert A AD - Respiratory Diseases of Livestock Research Unit, USDA/Agricultural Research Service/National Animal Disease Center, P.O. Box 70, Ames, Iowa 50010, U.S.A. Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - e18 EP - e19 PB - American Association of Avian Pathologists VL - 4 IS - 1 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Virulence KW - Poultry KW - Bordetella KW - J 02410:Animal Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21192973?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Avian+Diseases+Digest&rft.atitle=Strain-Specific+Virulence+of+Bordetella+hinzii+in+Poultry&rft.au=Register%2C+Karen+B%3BKunkle%2C+Robert+A&rft.aulast=Register&rft.aufirst=Karen&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=e18&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Avian+Diseases+Digest&rft.issn=1933-5334&rft_id=info:doi/10.1637%2F8594.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Virulence; Poultry; Bordetella DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1637/8594.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biology and Ecology of the Western Flower Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae): The Making of a Pest AN - 21165991; 11204601 AB - In the past 30 years, western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), has become one of the most important agricultural pests worldwide. Certain biological attributes of this insect predispose it to be a direct pest across a wide range of crops. In addition to the direct damage it can cause, this species is an efficient vector of Tomato spotted wilt virus and other Tospoviruses. This review addresses questions regarding the biological and ecological attributes of western flower thrips that have enabled it to become a significant pest and make it so difficult to manage. These important life history traits include western flower thrips polyphagy and a tendency to reside and feed in concealed areas of flowers and fruits. Consequently, large populations can develop and disperse into a wide range of crops. The larvae and adults feed in a similar manner and can share the same host plant resources. The relatively short generation time and haplodiploid sex determination also contribute to the pest status of this species. These life history traits interact in complex ways to make western flower thrips one of the most significant and difficult to manage pests in the world. JF - Florida Entomologist AU - Reitz, Stuart R AD - USDA-ARS-CMAVE, 6383 Mahan Dr., Tallahassee, FL 32308-1410 USA Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 7 EP - 13 PB - Florida Entomological Society, PO Box 1007 Lutz FL 33548-1007 USA VL - 92 IS - 1 SN - 0015-4040, 0015-4040 KW - Entomology Abstracts; Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Thysanoptera KW - Fruits KW - Tomato spotted wilt virus KW - Flowers KW - Frankliniella occidentalis KW - Vectors KW - Host plants KW - Crops KW - Sex determination KW - Life history KW - Reviews KW - Pest status KW - Pests KW - Thripidae KW - Wilt KW - Z 05340:Ecology and Behavior KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - V 22400:Human Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21165991?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Florida+Entomologist&rft.atitle=Biology+and+Ecology+of+the+Western+Flower+Thrips+%28Thysanoptera%3A+Thripidae%29%3A+The+Making+of+a+Pest&rft.au=Reitz%2C+Stuart+R&rft.aulast=Reitz&rft.aufirst=Stuart&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=92&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=7&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Florida+Entomologist&rft.issn=00154040&rft_id=info:doi/10.1653%2F024.092.0102 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-04-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fruits; Flowers; Life history; Reviews; Vectors; Pest status; Pests; Host plants; Wilt; Crops; Sex determination; Thysanoptera; Tomato spotted wilt virus; Frankliniella occidentalis; Thripidae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1653/024.092.0102 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring the Small Hive Beetle Aethina tumida (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) with Baited Flight Traps: Effect of Distance from Bee Hives and Shade on the Numbers of Beetles Captured AN - 21146222; 11204612 JF - Florida Entomologist AU - Arbogast, Richard T AU - Torto, Baldwyn AU - Teal, Peter EA AD - USDA/ARS-CMAVE, 1600/1700 SW 23 Dr., Gainesville, FL 32608 Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 165 EP - 166 PB - Florida Entomological Society, PO Box 1007 Lutz FL 33548-1007 USA VL - 92 IS - 1 SN - 0015-4040, 0015-4040 KW - Entomology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Animal Behavior Abstracts KW - Flight KW - Nitidulidae KW - Coleoptera KW - Shade KW - Traps KW - Aethina tumida KW - Y 25040:Behavioral Ecology KW - Z 05340:Ecology and Behavior KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21146222?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Florida+Entomologist&rft.atitle=Monitoring+the+Small+Hive+Beetle+Aethina+tumida+%28Coleoptera%3A+Nitidulidae%29+with+Baited+Flight+Traps%3A+Effect+of+Distance+from+Bee+Hives+and+Shade+on+the+Numbers+of+Beetles+Captured&rft.au=Arbogast%2C+Richard+T%3BTorto%2C+Baldwyn%3BTeal%2C+Peter+EA&rft.aulast=Arbogast&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=92&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=165&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Florida+Entomologist&rft.issn=00154040&rft_id=info:doi/10.1653%2F024.092.0129 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Coleoptera; Nitidulidae; Aethina tumida; Traps; Shade; Flight DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1653/024.092.0129 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Incidence of Heliothis virescens1 on Garbanzo2 Varieties in Northwestern Mississippi AN - 21138785; 11206292 AB - The tobacco budworm, Heliothis virescens F., is one of the most important insect pests of cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., and other crops. In recent years tobacco budworm has been successfully controlled with Bacillus thuringiensis-expressing cottons but might acquire resistance to this bacterium insecticide. To test its susceptibility to B. thuringiensis, a large number of tobacco budworms should be evaluated. However, obtaining large numbers of this pest has proven difficult in recent years. Varieties of garbanzo, Cicer arietinum L., one of the most preferred hosts were tested against tobacco budworm in the field. Sierra, C-104, and Annigeri varieties that can harbor .10 late-instar tobacco budworm larvae per meter of row and can withstand the biotic and abiotic conditions of northwestern Mississippi, were identified as good hosts for tobacco budworm. This information is of value for obtaining sufficient samples of tobacco budworms for multiple purposes and can serve as a baseline for evaluating varieties of garbanzo for commercial purposes. JF - Southwestern Entomologist AU - Blanco, Carlos A AU - Teran-Vargas, Antonio P AU - Lopez, Juan D AU - Abel, Craig A AD - United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Southern Insect Management Research Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 61 EP - 67 PB - Society of Southwestern Entomologists, 17360 Coit Rd Dallas TX 75252 USA VL - 34 IS - 1 SN - 0147-1724, 0147-1724 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Entomology Abstracts KW - Cicer arietinum KW - Insecticides KW - Tobacco KW - Pests KW - Bacillus KW - Heliothis virescens KW - Crops KW - Gossypium hirsutum KW - Z 05300:General KW - A 01370:Biological Control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21138785?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Southwestern+Entomologist&rft.atitle=Incidence+of+Heliothis+virescens1+on+Garbanzo2+Varieties+in+Northwestern+Mississippi&rft.au=Blanco%2C+Carlos+A%3BTeran-Vargas%2C+Antonio+P%3BLopez%2C+Juan+D%3BAbel%2C+Craig+A&rft.aulast=Blanco&rft.aufirst=Carlos&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=61&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Southwestern+Entomologist&rft.issn=01471724&rft_id=info:doi/10.3958%2F059.034.0105 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Insecticides; Tobacco; Pests; Crops; Cicer arietinum; Bacillus; Heliothis virescens; Gossypium hirsutum DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3958/059.034.0105 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Abundance of Asian Citrus Psyllid on Yellow Sticky Traps in Florida, Puerto Rico, and Texas Citrus Groves AN - 21137519; 11206289 AB - Population dynamics of Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), were studied using yellow sticky traps in citrus groves in Florida, Texas, and Puerto Rico. Four groves were studied in Florida (three sweet orange groves and one grove of mixed Citrus spp.) and Texas (four grapefruit groves), and three groves were studied in Puerto Rico (one grove of mandarin oranges and two sweet orange groves). Abundance of Asian citrus psyllid based on trap captures of adults at two groves in Puerto Rico were similar to those in Florida, although several peaks in numbers trapped at one Florida grove far exceeded those at any other grove. Few adults were captured on traps at one of the Puerto Rico groves and at each of the four Texas groves. Less abundance of the psyllid was attributed to the grove in Puerto Rico being higher altitude and cooler. Fewer psyllids captured at two of the four Texas groves during some trapping periods were attributed to applications of insecticides but, overall, fewer adults captured on traps at the Texas groves seemed to be a consequence of differences in abundance of the psyllid. Environmental, biological control, or host plant factors may be less favorable for increases in abundance of Asian citrus psyllid in Texas than in Florida. JF - Southwestern Entomologist AU - Flores, Daniel AU - Hall, David G AU - Jenkins, David A AU - Setamou, Mamoudou AD - USDA, APHIS, PPQ, CPHST, Edinburg, TX Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 1 EP - 11 PB - Society of Southwestern Entomologists, 17360 Coit Rd Dallas TX 75252 USA VL - 34 IS - 1 SN - 0147-1724, 0147-1724 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Entomology Abstracts KW - Citrus KW - Biological control KW - Abundance KW - Psyllidae KW - Population dynamics KW - Host plants KW - Trapping KW - Hemiptera KW - Citrus sinensis KW - Altitude KW - Insecticides KW - Kuwayama KW - Traps KW - Diaphorina citri KW - A 01370:Biological Control KW - Z 05350:Medical, Veterinary, and Agricultural Entomology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21137519?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Southwestern+Entomologist&rft.atitle=Abundance+of+Asian+Citrus+Psyllid+on+Yellow+Sticky+Traps+in+Florida%2C+Puerto+Rico%2C+and+Texas+Citrus+Groves&rft.au=Flores%2C+Daniel%3BHall%2C+David+G%3BJenkins%2C+David+A%3BSetamou%2C+Mamoudou&rft.aulast=Flores&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Southwestern+Entomologist&rft.issn=01471724&rft_id=info:doi/10.3958%2F059.034.0101 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological control; Altitude; Insecticides; Abundance; Traps; Population dynamics; Trapping; Host plants; Citrus; Citrus sinensis; Kuwayama; Psyllidae; Diaphorina citri; Hemiptera DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3958/059.034.0101 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An Introduced Insect Biological Control Agent Preys on an Introduced Weed Biological Control Agent AN - 21126046; 11204593 JF - Florida Entomologist AU - Nimmo, Kayla R AU - Tipping, Philip W AD - USDA-ARS Invasive Plant Research Laboratory, Ft. Lauderdale, FL 33314 Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 179 EP - 180 PB - Florida Entomological Society, PO Box 1007 Lutz FL 33548-1007 USA VL - 92 IS - 1 SN - 0015-4040, 0015-4040 KW - Entomology Abstracts; Animal Behavior Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Biological control KW - Weeds KW - Prey KW - Y 25040:Behavioral Ecology KW - Z 05350:Medical, Veterinary, and Agricultural Entomology KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21126046?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Florida+Entomologist&rft.atitle=An+Introduced+Insect+Biological+Control+Agent+Preys+on+an+Introduced+Weed+Biological+Control+Agent&rft.au=Nimmo%2C+Kayla+R%3BTipping%2C+Philip+W&rft.aulast=Nimmo&rft.aufirst=Kayla&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=92&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=179&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Florida+Entomologist&rft.issn=00154040&rft_id=info:doi/10.1653%2F024.092.0133 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological control; Prey; Weeds DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1653/024.092.0133 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling the coupled effects of pore space geometry and velocity on colloid transport and retention AN - 21002960; 9072220 AB - Recent experimental and theoretical work has demonstrated that pore space geometry and hydrodynamics can play an important role in colloid retention under unfavorable attachment conditions. Conceptual models that only consider the average pore water velocity and a single attachment rate coefficient are therefore not always adequate to describe colloid retention processes, which frequently produce nonexponential profiles of retained colloids with distance. In this work, we highlight a dual-permeability model formulation that can be used to account for enhanced colloid retention in low-velocity regions of the pore space. The model accounts for different rates of advective and dispersive transport, as well as first-order colloid retention and release in fast and slow velocity regions of the pore space. The model also includes provisions for the exchange of colloids from fast to slow regions in the aqueous phase and/or on the solid phase. A sensitivity analysis performed with the dual-permeability model parameters indicated that low rates of advective transport to low-velocity regions had a pronounced influence on colloid retention profiles, especially near the inlet. The developed model provided a good description of measured colloid breakthrough curves and retention profiles that were collected for a variety of conditions. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Bradford, Scott A AU - Torkzaban, Saeed AU - Leij, Feike AU - simunek, Jiri AU - van Genuchten, Martinus T AD - US Salinity Laboratory, ARS, USDA, Riverside, California, USA Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 USA, [mailto:service@agu.org], [URL:http://www.agu.org] VL - 45 IS - 2 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - W02414 KW - colloid retention KW - dual permeability KW - modeling KW - velocity KW - pore space geometry KW - 1831 Hydrology: Groundwater quality KW - 1832 Hydrology: Groundwater transport KW - 1847 Hydrology: Modeling KW - 1894 Hydrology: Instruments and techniques: modeling KW - Colloids KW - Hydrodynamics KW - Inlets KW - Velocity KW - Retention KW - Model Studies KW - Advective transport KW - Pores KW - Sensitivity analysis KW - Profiles KW - Varieties KW - Water resources research KW - SW 0845:Water in soils KW - M2 556.18:Water Management (556.18) KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21002960?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Modeling+the+coupled+effects+of+pore+space+geometry+and+velocity+on+colloid+transport+and+retention&rft.au=Bradford%2C+Scott+A%3BTorkzaban%2C+Saeed%3BLeij%2C+Feike%3Bsimunek%2C+Jiri%3Bvan+Genuchten%2C+Martinus+T&rft.aulast=Bradford&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2008WR007096 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Advective transport; Hydrodynamics; Sensitivity analysis; Water resources research; Pores; Colloids; Inlets; Profiles; Varieties; Velocity; Retention; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008WR007096 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum) genetic diversity and population structure using RAPD and microsatellite molecular markers AN - 20876406; 9351192 AB - Two molecular marker systems, random amplified polymorphic DNA (HAPD) and microsatellites, were used to evaluate population diversity and differentiation in 4 northern Nevada Bromus tectorum populations. From 80 RAPD primers, we found 16 (20%) that yielded 165 strong repeatable bands. Of those bands, 60 (35.8%) were polymorphic. Of those, 21 met data-pruning guidelines for final analysis. RAPD variation was moderate ( is a subset of x = 0.363, S is a subset of = 0.022), ranging from 0.312 to 0.404. Microsatellite variation was similar ( is a subset of x = 0.234, S is a subset of x = 0.051) but varied more widely, ranging from 0.009 to 0.551. All populations were out of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, as expected in a predominantly self-ing species. RAPDs revealed significant differentiation (P < 0.0001) across populations, whereas microsatellites only resolved 2 of the 4 populations. RAPDs revealed a considerable amount of variation in the 2 populations, Hot Springs and Truckee, which had nearly identical microsatellite profiles. Of 184 individuals, we found 182 unique RAPD pheno-types. We found 51 microsatellite genotypes across individuals, one of which was present in 95.3% of the individuals in the Hot Springs-Truckee group and 29% of the Stillwater individuals. The UPGMA phenograms were similar in grouping Hot Springs with Truckee, and Stillwater with Peavine, and were highly correlated but not significantly. Both marker systems proved useful in assessing population genetic variation. One population-specific RAPD marker and 6 new microsatellite-length polymorphisms were identified. Both marker systems may also prove useful in studying other closely related species such as red brome (Bromus rubens). JF - Western North American Naturalist AU - Ashley, M C AU - Longland, W S AD - USDA / Agriculture Research Service / Exotic and Invasive Weeds Unit, 920 Valley Road, Reno, NV 88512, USA, dr_mc_ashley@hotmail.com Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 63 EP - 74 VL - 69 IS - 1 SN - 1527-0904, 1527-0904 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Gene polymorphism KW - Bromus rubens KW - Microsatellites KW - Hot springs KW - Genetic diversity KW - Random amplified polymorphic DNA KW - Differentiation KW - Population genetics KW - Bromus tectorum KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Primers KW - Population structure KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - G 07750:Ecological & Population Genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20876406?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Western+North+American+Naturalist&rft.atitle=Assessing+cheatgrass+%28Bromus+tectorum%29+genetic+diversity+and+population+structure+using+RAPD+and+microsatellite+molecular+markers&rft.au=Ashley%2C+M+C%3BLongland%2C+W+S&rft.aulast=Ashley&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Western+North+American+Naturalist&rft.issn=15270904&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Population genetics; Differentiation; Gene polymorphism; Microsatellites; Polymerase chain reaction; Genetic diversity; Hot springs; Population structure; Primers; Random amplified polymorphic DNA; Bromus tectorum; Bromus rubens ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Yogurt Fermentation in the Presence of Starch-Lipid Composite AN - 20743338; 9258435 AB - ABSTRACT:The fermentation of yogurt in the presence of 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.0% starch-lipid composite (SLC) was investigated. The pH, viscosity, and morphology of the mix were monitored during the fermentation process. The rate of drop in pH with time during incubation was not affected by the addition of SLC. However, it was found that the presence of SLC caused faster aggregation, which was clearly evidenced by the viscosity variation during the process of fermentation. An examination of the morphologies confirmed that aggregation occurred earlier in the presence of SLC and SLC did not form phase-separated domains. This study concludes that SLC would serve as a good additive (fat replacer and stabilizer) for the production of yogurt. JF - Journal of Food Science AU - Singh, M AU - Kim, S AD - USDA/ARS/Natl. Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, 1815 N. Univ. St., Peoria, IL 61604, U.S.A., Mukti.Singh@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - C85 EP - C89 PB - Institute of Food Technology VL - 74 IS - 2 SN - 0022-1147, 0022-1147 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - aggregation KW - fermentation KW - gelling KW - viscosity KW - yogurt KW - Yogurt KW - Viscosity KW - Fermentation KW - Food composition KW - pH effects KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology KW - W 30935:Food Biotechnology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20743338?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Food+Science&rft.atitle=Yogurt+Fermentation+in+the+Presence+of+Starch-Lipid+Composite&rft.au=Singh%2C+M%3BKim%2C+S&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=C85&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Food+Science&rft.issn=00221147&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1750-3841.2008.01028.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Yogurt; Viscosity; Fermentation; Food composition; pH effects DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2008.01028.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Shelf-Life Study of an Orange Juice-Milk Based Beverage after PEF and Thermal Processing AN - 20740890; 9258395 AB - ABSTRACT:The effect of thermal and pulsed electric field (PEF) processing on the shelf life of an orange juice-milk beverage (OJMB) was studied. The intensities of the treatments were selected to produce similar inactivation of pectin methyl esterase (PME), an enzyme responsible for the jellification and loss of fresh juice cloudiness. Physical properties (pH, degree Brix, and color), microbial population, PME activity, and volatile compounds of the product were analyzed during a 4-wk storage at 8 to 10 degree C. The pH was not affected by any treatment but decreased during the storage in the untreated sample. The degree Brix values were decreased by the 2 treatments. The thermal and PEF treatments initially inactivated PME activity by 90%. During storage, the PME activity remained constant in the 2 treated samples and decreased slightly in the untreated sample. The reductions in bacterial as well as yeast and mold counts were similar after the 2 treatments (4.5 and 4.1 log CFU/mL for thermal against 4.5 and 5 log CFU/mL for PEF). Based on the initial bacterial counts of the control, it was estimated that the shelf lives of the OJMB treated with thermal and PEF processing stored at 8 to 10 degree C were 2 and 2.5 wk, respectively. Differences were observed in the color parameters of the OJMB between the 2 treatments in comparison with the control, with a higher difference observed in the thermally processed samples. The relative concentration of volatile compounds was higher in OJMB processed by PEF treatment than that in the thermally processed sample. During storage, the loss of volatile compounds was lower in the PEF sample while thermal and control samples had a similar rate of loss. For an OJMB, treatment with PEF achieved the same degree of microbial and enzyme inactivation as the thermal treatment, but better preserved color and volatile compounds. JF - Journal of Food Science AU - Sampedro, F AU - Geveke, D J AU - Fan, X AU - Rodrigo, D AU - Zhang, Q H AD - Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038, U.S.A., xuetong.fan@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - S107 EP - S112 PB - Institute of Food Technology VL - 74 IS - 2 SN - 0022-1147, 0022-1147 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - juice KW - milk KW - pulsed electric field KW - shelf life KW - thermal processing KW - Food processing KW - Beverages KW - esterase KW - Enzymes KW - Molds KW - Shelf life KW - Color KW - Volatiles KW - Colony-forming cells KW - Electric fields KW - pH effects KW - Pectin KW - J 02330:Biochemistry KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology KW - W 30935:Food Biotechnology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20740890?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Food+Science&rft.atitle=Shelf-Life+Study+of+an+Orange+Juice-Milk+Based+Beverage+after+PEF+and+Thermal+Processing&rft.au=Sampedro%2C+F%3BGeveke%2C+D+J%3BFan%2C+X%3BRodrigo%2C+D%3BZhang%2C+Q+H&rft.aulast=Sampedro&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=S107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Food+Science&rft.issn=00221147&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1750-3841.2009.01068.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Food processing; Beverages; Volatiles; Electric fields; esterase; Colony-forming cells; Molds; Enzymes; Shelf life; Pectin; pH effects; Color DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2009.01068.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cold-season patterns of reserve and soluble carbohydrates in sugar maple and ice-damaged trees of two age classes following drought AN - 20675778; 9411253 AB - This study examines the effects of summer drought on the composition and profiles of cold-season reserve and soluble carbohydrates in sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) trees (50-100 years old or ~200 years old) in which the crowns were nondamaged or damaged by the 1998 ice storm. The overall cold season reserve carbohydrate profiles in twig wood tissue of drought-stressed (DS) trees and non-drought-stressed (NDS) trees were generally similar, although differences were observed in the amount of reserve carbohydrates in DS and NDS trees. The cold-season level of starch stored in DS trees in early autumn in the wood tissue was about one-third to one-fifth that in NDS trees. The cold season sugar content in the DS trees was significantly greater than can be attributed to degradation of stored starch, only. The level of sucrose in DS trees remained high throughout the winter until termination of dormancy and dehardening. The concentrations of winter glucose and fructose in DS trees attained peak levels at the time of dormancy termination and declined during dehardening. The profiles of glucose and fructose in DS and damaged DS trees were generally different from that of sucrose throughout the leafless phase. In contrast, profiles of glucose and fructose in NDS trees closely paralleled that of sucrose. Elevated levels of sucrose, glucose, and fructose in DS sugar maple trees during the cold season may function as osmoregulators for freeze protection. Low sugar level or lack of increase in sugar level following dehardening in DS trees may suggest limited change in cellular constituents in adapting to low temperatures.Original Abstract: Les auteurs ont examine les effets de la secheresse estivale sur la composition ainsi que les profils des glucides solubles et de reserve en saison froide chez l'erable a sucre (Acer saccharum Marsh.) (ages de 50-100 ans ou ~200 ans) dont les couronnes avaient ete endommagees par le verglas de 1998. Les profils de l'ensemble des glucides en saison froide, dans les tissus des ramilles ligneuses des arbres stresses par secheresse (DS) ou non stresses par la secheresse (NDS) sont apparus generalement semblables, bien qu'on observe des differences dans la quantite de glucides de reserve chez les arbres DS et NDS. En saison froide, la teneur hivernale en amidon, accumulee dans les tissus ligneux des arbres DS en debut de l'automne, atteint environ un tiers ou un cinquieme de celle des arbres NDS. On observe une teneur significativement plus forte des sucres en saison froide chez les arbres DS, qu'on peut attribuer uniquement a la degradation de l'amidon. La teneur en saccharose chez les arbres DS demeure elevee tout au long de l'hiver jusqu'a la fin de la dormance et du debourrement. Les teneurs hivernales en glucose et fructose chez les arbres DS atteignent des degres maximums au moment de la fin de la dormance et diminuent au cours du debourrement. Les profils du glucose et du fructose chez les arbres DS et NDS different generalement de celui du saccharose tout au long de la phase sans feuille. Au contraire, les profils du glucose et du fructose, chez les arbres NDS, suivent etroitement celui du saccharose. Les teneurs elevees en saccharose, glucose et fructose chez les erables DS au cours de la saison froide peuvent agir comme osmoregulateurs pour prevenir le gel. De faibles teneurs en sucres, ou le manque d'augmentation de la teneur en sucre suite au debourrement chez les arbres DS pourrait suggerer des modifications limitees dans les constituants cellulaires au cours de l'adaptation aux basses temperatures. JF - Botany/Botanique AU - Wong, B L AU - Baggett, K L AU - Rye, AH AD - USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, 705 Spear Street, South Burlington, VT 05403, USA. Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 293 EP - 305 PB - NRC Research Press VL - 87 IS - 3 SN - 1916-2790, 1916-2790 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Acer saccharum KW - Trees KW - Glucose KW - Drought KW - Starch KW - Sugars KW - Hardwood KW - Profiles KW - Sucrose KW - Fructose KW - Carbohydrates KW - Dormancy KW - Droughts KW - Maple Trees KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - SW 0820:Snow, ice and frost UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20675778?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Botany%2FBotanique&rft.atitle=Cold-season+patterns+of+reserve+and+soluble+carbohydrates+in+sugar+maple+and+ice-damaged+trees+of+two+age+classes+following+drought&rft.au=Wong%2C+B+L%3BBaggett%2C+K+L%3BRye%2C+AH&rft.aulast=Wong&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=293&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Botany%2FBotanique&rft.issn=19162790&rft_id=info:doi/10.1139%2FB08-123 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Trees; Sucrose; Fructose; Glucose; Carbohydrates; Starch; Dormancy; Droughts; Profiles; Drought; Sugars; Hardwood; Maple Trees; Acer saccharum DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/B08-123 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Herbaceous succession after burning of cut western juniper trees AN - 20640603; 9351186 AB - The expansion of western juniper (Juniperus occidentalis spp. occidentalis Hook.) in the northern Great Basin has resulted in the wide-scale conversion of sagebrush-steppe communities to juniper woodlands. Prescribed fire and mechanical cutting are the 2 main methods used to remove juniper and restore sagebrush steppe. Mechanical treatments commonly leave cut juniper on site. Disadvantages of leaving cut juniper are the increased fuel hazard and the potential for increased establishment and growth of invasive species. This study evaluated the response of herbaceous plants to winter burning of cut western juniper. Vegetation response was compared among 2 burning treatments (burning trees the first winter after cutting and burning the second winter after cutting), a control (cut-unburned juniper), and the interspace between cut trees. To minimize fire impacts to herbaceous perennials, cut trees were burned in the winter when soils and ground litter were frozen and/or soils were at field capacity. Only felled trees were burned, as fire did not carry into interspaces or litter mats around western juniper stumps. We hypothesized that winter season burning would increase herbaceous perennials and would reduce cheatgrass establishment when compared to the cut-unburned control. After 10 years, total herbaceous and perennial grass cover was 1.5- to 2-fold greater, respectively, in burned treatments compared to cut-unburned controls. Perennial grass density was 60% greater in the burned treatments than in the cut-unburned treatment and the interspace. Cheatgrass cover was twice as great in the control than in the 2 burn treatments and the interspace. We concluded that burning cut western juniper when soils were wet and frozen in winter enhanced community recovery of native perennials compared to leaving cut juniper unbumed. JF - Western North American Naturalist AU - Bates, J D AU - Svejcar, T J AD - USDA-Agricultural Research Service and Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station, Eastern Oregon Agricultural Research Center, 67826-A Hwy. 205, Burns, OR 97720, USA, jon.bates@oregonstate.edu Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 9 EP - 25 VL - 69 IS - 1 SN - 1527-0904, 1527-0904 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Burns KW - succession KW - Trees KW - Grasses KW - Fuels KW - Basins KW - cuttings KW - Succession KW - Juniperus occidentalis KW - Soil KW - invasive species KW - Fires KW - Litter KW - Vegetation KW - burning KW - USA, Great Basin KW - steppes KW - winter KW - Plants KW - Burning KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20640603?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Western+North+American+Naturalist&rft.atitle=Herbaceous+succession+after+burning+of+cut+western+juniper+trees&rft.au=Bates%2C+J+D%3BSvejcar%2C+T+J&rft.aulast=Bates&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=9&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Western+North+American+Naturalist&rft.issn=15270904&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Fires; Litter; Grasses; Trees; Basins; Burning; Succession; Burns; succession; Fuels; Vegetation; burning; cuttings; steppes; winter; Plants; invasive species; Juniperus occidentalis; USA, Great Basin ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of nontoxigenic Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus on aflatoxin contamination of wounded peanut seeds inoculated with agricultural soil containing natural fungal populations AN - 20614301; 9327889 AB - Peanuts and other seed and grain crops are commonly contaminated with carcinogenic aflatoxins, secondary metabolites produced by Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus. Aflatoxin contamination of peanuts in the field can be reduced by 77-98% with biological control through the application of nontoxigenic strains of these species, which competitively exclude native aflatoxin-producing strains from developing peanuts. In this study, viable peanut seeds were artificially wounded and inoculated with field soil containing natural fungal populations that were supplemented with conidia of nontoxigenic A. flavus NRRL 21882 (niaD nitrate-nonutilizing mutant) and A. parasiticus NRRL 21369 (conidial color mutant). Increasing soil densities of applied nontoxigenic strains generally resulted in an increase in the incidence of seed colonization by applied nontoxigenic strains, a decrease in seed colonization by native A. flavus and A. parasiticus, and a decrease in aflatoxin concentration in seeds. Reduction of aflatoxins in peanut seeds depended on both the density and the aflatoxin-producing potential of native populations and on the fungal strain used for biological control. Wild-type strain A. flavus NRRL 21882 and its niaD mutant were equally effective in reducing aflatoxins in peanuts, indicating that nitrate-nonutilizing mutants, which are easily monitored in the field, can be used for evaluating the efficacy of biocontrol strains. JF - Biocontrol Science and Technology AU - Horn, Bruce W AU - Dorner, Joe W AD - National Peanut Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Dawson, GA, USA Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 249 EP - 262 PB - Carfax Publishing Limited, Rankine Road Basingstoke Hants RG24 8PR UK, [mailto:info@tandf.co.uk], [URL:http://www.tandf.co.uk/homepages/carhome.html] VL - 19 IS - 3 SN - 0958-3157, 0958-3157 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Biological control KW - Arachis hypogaea KW - Seeds KW - Crop KW - Aspergillus flavus KW - Contamination KW - Aflatoxins KW - Nuts KW - Conidia KW - Color KW - Colonization KW - Soil density KW - Grain KW - Secondary metabolites KW - Aspergillus parasiticus KW - A 01370:Biological Control KW - K 03320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20614301?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biocontrol+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Effect+of+nontoxigenic+Aspergillus+flavus+and+A.+parasiticus+on+aflatoxin+contamination+of+wounded+peanut+seeds+inoculated+with+agricultural+soil+containing+natural+fungal+populations&rft.au=Horn%2C+Bruce+W%3BDorner%2C+Joe+W&rft.aulast=Horn&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=249&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biocontrol+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=09583157&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F09583150802696541 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological control; Colonization; Crop; Seeds; Contamination; Soil density; Grain; Aflatoxins; Secondary metabolites; Nuts; Conidia; Color; Arachis hypogaea; Aspergillus flavus; Aspergillus parasiticus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09583150802696541 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Method for determining the best hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) number for a compatible non-ionic surfactant in formulation development for aerial conidia of Metarhizium anisopliae (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) AN - 20613974; 9327897 AB - A direct dropping method was developed to determine the best hydrophilic-lipophilic balance number of Metarhizium anisopliae conidia at different water content levels during dehydration. Results showed the best HLB number of the tested M. anisopliae conidia was 8; dehydration did not change the best HLB number but significantly increased wetting time. JF - Biocontrol Science and Technology AU - Jin, Xixuan AU - Ugine, Todd A AU - Chen, Jian AU - Streett, A Douglas AD - USDA-ARS-MSA, Biological Control of Pests Research Unit, National Biological Control Laboratory, Stoneville, MS, USA Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 341 EP - 347 PB - Carfax Publishing Limited, Rankine Road Basingstoke Hants RG24 8PR UK, [mailto:info@tandf.co.uk], [URL:http://www.tandf.co.uk/homepages/carhome.html] VL - 19 IS - 3 SN - 0958-3157, 0958-3157 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Biological control KW - Conidia KW - Water content KW - Surfactants KW - Clavicipitaceae KW - Metarhizium anisopliae KW - Dehydration KW - A 01370:Biological Control KW - K 03320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20613974?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biocontrol+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Method+for+determining+the+best+hydrophilic-lipophilic+balance+%28HLB%29+number+for+a+compatible+non-ionic+surfactant+in+formulation+development+for+aerial+conidia+of+Metarhizium+anisopliae+%28Hypocreales%3A+Clavicipitaceae%29&rft.au=Jin%2C+Xixuan%3BUgine%2C+Todd+A%3BChen%2C+Jian%3BStreett%2C+A+Douglas&rft.aulast=Jin&rft.aufirst=Xixuan&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=341&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biocontrol+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=09583157&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F09583150902725893 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological control; Conidia; Water content; Surfactants; Dehydration; Metarhizium anisopliae; Clavicipitaceae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09583150902725893 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seasonal and diel activity patterns of generalist predators associated with Diabrotica virgifera immatures (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) AN - 20611594; 9327895 AB - The diel and seasonal activity of epigeal predators associated with pre-imaginal Diabrotica virgifera was described. Due to its duration, the egg stage was exposed to more predators than the larval stage. Most predators were easily categorized into day- and night-active guilds. Seasonal and diel niche partitioning may contribute to the maintenance of this diverse and abundant predator community. JF - Biocontrol Science and Technology AU - Lundgren, Jonathan G AU - Nichols, Sharon AU - Prischmann, Deirdre A AU - Ellsbury, Michael M AD - North Central Agricultural Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Brookings, SD, USA Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 327 EP - 333 PB - Carfax Publishing Limited, Rankine Road Basingstoke Hants RG24 8PR UK, [mailto:info@tandf.co.uk], [URL:http://www.tandf.co.uk/homepages/carhome.html] VL - 19 IS - 3 SN - 0958-3157, 0958-3157 KW - Entomology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Biological control KW - Guilds KW - Coleoptera KW - Diabrotica virgifera KW - Niche overlap KW - Predators KW - Chrysomelidae KW - Diel activity KW - Z 05350:Medical, Veterinary, and Agricultural Entomology KW - A 01370:Biological Control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20611594?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biocontrol+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Seasonal+and+diel+activity+patterns+of+generalist+predators+associated+with+Diabrotica+virgifera+immatures+%28Coleoptera%3A+Chrysomelidae%29&rft.au=Lundgren%2C+Jonathan+G%3BNichols%2C+Sharon%3BPrischmann%2C+Deirdre+A%3BEllsbury%2C+Michael+M&rft.aulast=Lundgren&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=327&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biocontrol+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=09583157&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F09583150802696533 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological control; Guilds; Niche overlap; Predators; Diel activity; Coleoptera; Diabrotica virgifera; Chrysomelidae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09583150802696533 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of 16s rRNA from a new "Candidatus Liberibacter" strain associated with zebra chip disease of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) and the potato psyllid (Bactericera cockerelli Sulc) AN - 20608078; 9313885 AB - The full-length 16S rRNA gene region of a new "Candidatus Liberibacter" strain was PCR-amplified from tubers of potato plants showing zebra chip (ZC) disease symptoms and also from the potato psyllid [Bactericera (= Paratrioza) cockerelli Sulc], the presumptive vector of the ZC disease causal agent. Sequences of the amplicons from ZC diseased potato and potato psyllids were 100% identical but differed from "Ca. L. asiaticus" (Las) and "Ca. L. africanus" (Laf) by 4% and from "Ca. L. americanus" (Lam) by 6.0-6.3%. Neighbor-joining analysis placed the ZC disease-associated sequences in a monophyletic clade consisting of all known "Ca. Liberibacter" spp., positioned in the tree basal to a node shared exclusively by Las and Laf but proximal to a node shared by Lam and all other "Ca. Liberibacter" spp. Here we present evidence for the association between a new "Candidates Liberibacter" strain and ZC disease in field samples. The relationship of this Liberibacter to the other Liberibacter bacteria detected in psyllids, potato and other solanaceous crops as well as in citrus remains to be determined. JF - Journal of Plant Pathology AU - Lin, H AU - Doddapaneni, H AU - Munyaneza, JE AU - Civerolo, EL AU - Sengoda, V G AU - Buchman, J L AU - Stenger, D C AD - USDA-ARS. San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences Center, 9611 So. Riverbend Ave. Parlier. CA 93648, USA, hong.lin@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 215 EP - 219 VL - 91 IS - 1 SN - 1125-4653, 1125-4653 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Entomology Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Citrus KW - Phylogeny KW - Bacteria KW - Crop KW - Plant diseases KW - Solanum tuberosum KW - Tubers KW - Nodes KW - rRNA 16S KW - Crops KW - J 02310:Genetics & Taxonomy KW - Z 05300:General KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - N 14830:RNA UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20608078?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Plant+Pathology&rft.atitle=Molecular+characterization+and+phylogenetic+analysis+of+16s+rRNA+from+a+new+%22Candidatus+Liberibacter%22+strain+associated+with+zebra+chip+disease+of+potato+%28Solanum+tuberosum+L.%29+and+the+potato+psyllid+%28Bactericera+cockerelli+Sulc%29&rft.au=Lin%2C+H%3BDoddapaneni%2C+H%3BMunyaneza%2C+JE%3BCiverolo%2C+EL%3BSengoda%2C+V+G%3BBuchman%2C+J+L%3BStenger%2C+D+C&rft.aulast=Lin&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=91&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=215&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Plant+Pathology&rft.issn=11254653&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Phylogeny; Plant diseases; Crop; Tubers; Nodes; rRNA 16S; Crops; Citrus; Bacteria; Solanum tuberosum ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of aggressiveness of Fusarium virguliforme isolates that cause soybean sudden death syndrome AN - 20602939; 9313866 AB - Fusarium virguliforme (Akoi, O'Donnell, Homma & Lattanzi), formerly named F. solani (Mart.) Sacc. f.sp. glycines, is the cause of soybean sudden death syndrome (SDS). Over the last 6 years, an international collection of E virguliforme isolates has been established and maintained at the National Soybean Pathogen Collection Center, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Using part of the collection, aggressiveness of F. virguliforme isolates to a susceptible soybean cultivar, Great Lakes 3202, was evaluated under controlled conditions in the greenhouse. After an initial evaluation of 123 isolates on soybean, 30 isolates from different geographic origins with different levels of foliar severity were selected to further evaluate both foliar and root severities. Variability of aggressiveness based on measurements of SDS foliar severity, shoot, root, and root lesion lengths, shoot and root dry weights, and total dry weights was found among isolates (P , 0.01). Isolate FSG1(Mont-1), a reference isolate that has been widely used by the soybean community for basic and applied research, caused the greatest reduction in shoot weight and shoot length compared to the non-inoculated control plants, but six isolates caused higher foliar severity and 15 isolates caused longer root lesion length than the isolate FSG1. Isolate FSG5 caused the greatest reduction in root weight among isolates. Knowledge about the variability of the pathogen is important for selection of isolates for testing for broad-based SDS resistant soybean lines. JF - Journal of Plant Pathology AU - Li, S AU - Hartman, G L AU - Chen, Y AD - United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Crop Genetics and Production Research Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776, USA, Shuxian.li@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 77 EP - 86 VL - 91 IS - 1 SN - 1125-4653, 1125-4653 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Fusarium KW - Glycine KW - Roots KW - sudden death syndrome KW - Pathogens KW - Glycine max KW - Soybeans KW - Greenhouses KW - Shoots KW - Sodium lauryl sulfate KW - Plant communities KW - Controlled conditions KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20602939?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Plant+Pathology&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+aggressiveness+of+Fusarium+virguliforme+isolates+that+cause+soybean+sudden+death+syndrome&rft.au=Li%2C+S%3BHartman%2C+G+L%3BChen%2C+Y&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=91&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=77&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Plant+Pathology&rft.issn=11254653&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Shoots; Glycine; Plant communities; Sodium lauryl sulfate; Controlled conditions; sudden death syndrome; Roots; Pathogens; Greenhouses; Soybeans; Fusarium; Glycine max ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ancient isolation and independent evolution of the three clonal lineages of the exotic sudden oak death pathogen Phytophthora ramorum AN - 20558634; 9261816 AB - The genus Phytophthora includes some of the most destructive plant pathogens affecting agricultural and native ecosystems and is responsible for a number of recent emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases of plants. Sudden oak death, caused by the exotic pathogen P. ramorum, has caused extensive mortality of oaks and tanoaks in Northern California, and has brought economic losses to US and European nurseries as well due to its infection of common ornamental plants. In its known range, P. ramorum occurs as three distinct clonal lineages. We inferred the evolutionary history of P. ramorum from nuclear sequence data using coalescent-based approaches. We found that the three lineages have been diverging for at least 11% of their history, an evolutionarily significant amount of time estimated to be on the order of 165 000 to 500 000 years. There was also strong evidence for historical recombination between the lineages, indicating that the ancestors of the P. ramorum lineages were members of a sexually reproducing population. Due to this recombination, the ages of the lineages varied within and between loci, but coalescent analyses suggested that the European lineage may be older than the North American lineages. The divergence of the three clonal lineages of P. ramorum supports a scenario in which the three lineages originated from different geographic locations that were sufficiently isolated from each other to allow independent evolution prior to introduction to North America and Europe. It is thus probable that the emergence of P. ramorum in North America and Europe was the result of three independent migration events. JF - Molecular Ecology AU - Goss, E M AU - Carbone, I AU - GRUeNWALD, N J AD - *Horticultural Crops Research Laboratory, USDA ARS, 3420 NW Orchard Avenue, Corvallis, OR 97330, USA, Nik.Grunwald@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 1161 EP - 1174 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road VL - 18 IS - 6 SN - 0962-1083, 0962-1083 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Ecology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - coalescent KW - emerging disease KW - oomycete KW - plant disease KW - recombination KW - RXLR-class effector KW - Mortality KW - Plant diseases KW - Age KW - Data processing KW - Ornamental plants KW - Pathogens KW - Infection KW - Migration KW - Recombination KW - Infectious diseases KW - Economics KW - Phytophthora KW - Evolution KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20558634?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Ecology&rft.atitle=Ancient+isolation+and+independent+evolution+of+the+three+clonal+lineages+of+the+exotic+sudden+oak+death+pathogen+Phytophthora+ramorum&rft.au=Goss%2C+E+M%3BCarbone%2C+I%3BGRUeNWALD%2C+N+J&rft.aulast=Goss&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1161&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+Ecology&rft.issn=09621083&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-294X.2009.04089.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mortality; Recombination; Age; Plant diseases; Ornamental plants; Data processing; Infectious diseases; Economics; Pathogens; Infection; Migration; Evolution; Phytophthora DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2009.04089.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulated soil water storage effects on streamflow generation in a mountainous snowmelt environment, Idaho, USA AN - 20557840; 9267692 AB - Although soil processes affect the timing and amount of streamflow generated from snowmelt, they are often overlooked in estimations of snowmelt-generated streamflow in the western USA. The use of a soil water balance modelling approach to incorporate the effects of soil processes, in particular soil water storage, on the timing and amount of snowmelt generated streamflow, was investigated. The study was conducted in the Reynolds Mountain East (RME) watershed, a 38 ha, snowmelt-dominated watershed in southwest Idaho. Snowmelt or rainfall inputs to the soil were determined using a well established snow accumulation and melt model (Isnobal). The soil water balance model was first evaluated at a point scale, using periodic soil water content measurements made over two years at 14 sites. In general, the simulated soil water profiles were in agreement with measurements (P 0·85), y-intercept values near 0, slopes near 1 and low average differences between measured and modelled values. In addition, observed soil water dynamics were generally consistent with critical model assumptions. Spatially distributed simulations over the watershed for the same two years indicate that streamflow initiation and cessation are closely linked to the overall watershed soil water storage capacity, which acts as a threshold. When soil water storage was below the threshold, streamflow was insensitive to snowmelt inputs, but once the threshold was crossed, the streamflow response was very rapid. At these times there was a relatively high degree of spatial continuity of satiated soils within the watershed. Incorporation of soil water storage effects may improve estimation of the timing and amount of streamflow generated from mountainous watersheds dominated by snowmelt. JF - Hydrological Processes AU - Seyfried, M S AU - Grant, L E AU - Marks, D AU - Winstral, A AU - McNamara, J AD - USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Northwest Watershed Research Center, 800 Park Blvd, Plaza IV, Boise, ID 83712, USA, mark.seyfried@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 858 EP - 873 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD UK, [mailto:customer@wiley.co.uk], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 23 IS - 6 SN - 0885-6087, 0885-6087 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Timing KW - Snow melting KW - Hydrologic analysis KW - Streamflow KW - Snow accumulation KW - Soil Water KW - Watersheds KW - Storage KW - USA, Idaho KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Numerical simulations KW - Soil water storage capacity KW - Profiles KW - Snowmelt KW - Slopes KW - Soil moisture KW - SW 0835:Streamflow and runoff KW - M2 556.16:Runoff (556.16) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20557840?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrological+Processes&rft.atitle=Simulated+soil+water+storage+effects+on+streamflow+generation+in+a+mountainous+snowmelt+environment%2C+Idaho%2C+USA&rft.au=Seyfried%2C+M+S%3BGrant%2C+L+E%3BMarks%2C+D%3BWinstral%2C+A%3BMcNamara%2C+J&rft.aulast=Seyfried&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=858&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrological+Processes&rft.issn=08856087&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fhyp.7211 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Snow melting; Hydrologic analysis; Soil water storage capacity; Numerical simulations; Snow accumulation; Soil moisture; Timing; Storage; Hydrologic Models; Profiles; Snowmelt; Streamflow; Soil Water; Slopes; Watersheds; USA, Idaho DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.7211 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of Soybean Volatile Compounds on Aspergillus flavus Growth and Aflatoxin Production AN - 20543743; 9258388 AB - ABSTRACT:Soybean homogenates produced volatile compounds upon exposure to lipase. These induced volatiles were identified by SPME. Seventeen volatile compounds identified by SPME were chosen for determination of their ability to inhibit Aspergillus flavus growth and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) production in a solid media assay. These volatiles included aldehydes, alcohols, ketones, and furans. Of the tested compounds, the aldehydes showed the greatest inhibition of fungal growth and AFB1 production. These compounds inhibited up to 100% of the observed growth and AFB1 production as compared to the controls. The greatest activity by the aldehydes to disrupt growth was ranked as follows: 2,4 hexadienal > benzaldehyde > 2-octenal > (E)-2-heptenal > octanal > (E)-2-hexenal > nonanal > hexanal. The greatest activity by the aldehydes to reduce AFB1 was ranked as follows: (E)-2-hexenal > 2,4 hexadienal > (E)-2-heptenal > hexanal > nonanal. (E)-2-hexenal and (E)-2-heptenal were tested further in an A. flavus-inoculated corn kernel assay. Both compounds prevented colonization by A. flavus and eliminated AFB1 production when exposed to compound volumes < 10 mu L as also shown in the solid media assay. The results suggest that soybeans react to lipase by production of potent antifungal volatiles. JF - Journal of Food Science AU - Cleveland, TE AU - Carter-Wientjes, CH AU - De Lucca, AJ AU - Boue, S M AD - 1Authors are with Southern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, New Orleans, LA 70179, U.S.A. Direct inquiries to author Cleveland, eclevela@srrc.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - H83 EP - H87 PB - Institute of Food Technology VL - 74 IS - 2 SN - 0022-1147, 0022-1147 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - aflatoxin KW - Aspergillus flavus KW - growth inhibition KW - soybean volatiles KW - Aflatoxin B1 KW - hexanal KW - nonanal KW - Aflatoxins KW - Furans KW - Soybeans KW - Colonization KW - Triacylglycerol lipase KW - Volatiles KW - Benzaldehyde KW - alcohols KW - Kernels KW - octanal KW - Solid phase methods KW - Aldehydes KW - ketones KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology KW - K 03320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20543743?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Food+Science&rft.atitle=Effect+of+Soybean+Volatile+Compounds+on+Aspergillus+flavus+Growth+and+Aflatoxin+Production&rft.au=Cleveland%2C+TE%3BCarter-Wientjes%2C+CH%3BDe+Lucca%2C+AJ%3BBoue%2C+S+M&rft.aulast=Cleveland&rft.aufirst=TE&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=H83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Food+Science&rft.issn=00221147&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1750-3841.2009.01078.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aflatoxin B1; hexanal; nonanal; Aflatoxins; Furans; Soybeans; Triacylglycerol lipase; Colonization; Volatiles; Benzaldehyde; alcohols; Kernels; octanal; Aldehydes; Solid phase methods; ketones; Aspergillus flavus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2009.01078.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Listeria monocytogenes, L. innocua, and L. welshimeri AN - 20516430; 9208764 AB - The current study compared antimicrobial susceptibility of Listeria innocua, L. welshimeri, and L. monocytogenes isolated from various sources. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using a microbroth procedure with Sensititre+ minimum inhibitory concentration plates containing 18 antimicrobials. Resistant isolates were analyzed for the presence of antimicrobial resistance genes using PCR. The majority of L. monocytogenes isolates were resistant to oxacillin (99%, 89/90) and ceftriaxone (72%, 65/90), while few isolates were resistant to clindamycin (21%, 19/90) and ciprofloxacin (2%, 2/90). When selected sources of L. monocytogenes are compared, resistance to ceftriaxone, clindamycin, and oxacillin ranged from 27% to 86%, 7% to 43%, and 96% to 100%, respectively. Resistance to ciprofloxacin (6%, 2/34), quinupristin/dalfopristin (7%, 1/14), and tetra-cycline (7%, 1/15) was observed with L. monocytogenes isolated from food, animal, and environmental sources, respectively. All L. welshimeri isolates (6/6) were resistant to streptomycin, quinupristin/dalfopristin, ciprofloxacin, rifampin, oxacillin, penicillin, and clindamycin, while most isolates (67%, 4/6) were resistant to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. All L. innocua isolates (4/4) were resistant to oxacillin and penicillin, whereas 75% (3/4) of isolates were resistant to tetracycline, ceftriaxone, and clindamycin. Resistant isolates were negative for aadA, strA-B, sul I-II, penA, vat(A-E), vga(A-B), and vgb(A-B). However, tetM was detected among tetracycline-resistant isolates. L. welshimeri was resistant to more of the tested antimicrobials than the other two Listeria species tested, but resistance was not attributed to selected resistance genes. These data demonstrate the variability in resistance among Listeria species. However, the human pathogen L. monocytogenes appears to be the least resistant among the tested species. JF - Microbial Drug Resistance AU - Davis, JA AU - Jackson, C R AD - Bacterial Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Resistance, Research Unit, Richard B. Russell Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 950 College Station Road, Athens, GA 30605, USA, charlene.jackson@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 27 EP - 32 VL - 15 IS - 1 SN - 1076-6294, 1076-6294 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Listeria monocytogenes KW - Dalfopristin KW - Clindamycin KW - Trimethoprim KW - Data processing KW - Sulfamethoxazole KW - Drug resistance KW - Food KW - Listeria innocua KW - Oxacillin KW - quinupristin KW - Ceftriaxone KW - Streptomycin KW - Pathogens KW - Tetracyclines KW - Minimum inhibitory concentration KW - Listeria KW - Penicillin KW - Antimicrobial agents KW - Rifampin KW - Ciprofloxacin KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - A 01350:Microbial Resistance KW - J 02340:Antibiotics & Antimicrobials UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20516430?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microbial+Drug+Resistance&rft.atitle=Comparative+Antimicrobial+Susceptibility+of+Listeria+monocytogenes%2C+L.+innocua%2C+and+L.+welshimeri&rft.au=Davis%2C+JA%3BJackson%2C+C+R&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=27&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microbial+Drug+Resistance&rft.issn=10766294&rft_id=info:doi/10.1089%2Fmdr.2009.0863 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Trimethoprim; Clindamycin; Dalfopristin; Data processing; Sulfamethoxazole; Food; Drug resistance; Oxacillin; Pathogens; Streptomycin; Ceftriaxone; quinupristin; Tetracyclines; Minimum inhibitory concentration; Penicillin; Antimicrobial agents; Ciprofloxacin; Rifampin; Polymerase chain reaction; Listeria monocytogenes; Listeria innocua; Listeria DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/mdr.2009.0863 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Activation of Porcine Natural Killer Cells and Lysis of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Infected Cells AN - 20479209; 9168114 AB - Natural killer (NK) cells play a vital role in innate response against viral infections and cellular transformation. In vivo modulation of their response may enhance their antiviral function. Here we describe the phenotype of porcine NK cells, test potential proinflammatory cytokines for activation of these cells and assess the capability of porcine NK cells to kill virus-infected or tumor cells in vitro. The CD2 super(+)/CD8 super(+)/CD3 super(-) cell compartment contained porcine NK cells, which at the resting stage were minimally cytotoxic toward foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV)-infected porcine cells or tumor cell lines. Direct stimulation of NK cells with proinflammatory cytokines induced efficient lysis of FMDV-infected cells with interleukin (IL)-2 or IL-15 showing the highest stimulatory capacity. Lower levels of NK cell activation were induced by IL-12, IL-18, or interferon (IFN)- alpha , however, IL-12 and IL-18 synergistically activated NK cells. Combinations of IL-15 and IL-12 or IL-15 and IL-18 did not further increase the porcine NK cell lytic capability over IL-15 alone. Natural killer cells expressed IFN- gamma regardless of the cytokine used for stimulation while expression of perform increased modestly. The enhancement of porcine NK cell activity by proinflammatory cytokines offers a promising tool for development of antiviral approaches against virus infection. JF - Journal of Interferon & Cytokine Research AU - Toka, F N AU - Nfon, C K AU - Dawson, H AU - Estes, D M AU - Golde, W T AD - Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, P.O. Box 848, Greenport, NY 11944, USA, william.golde@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 179 EP - 192 VL - 29 IS - 3 SN - 1079-9907, 1079-9907 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Immunology Abstracts KW - Transformation KW - gamma -Interferon KW - Foot-and-mouth disease virus KW - Natural killer cells KW - CD8 antigen KW - Infection KW - Foot-and-mouth disease KW - Cell activation KW - Inflammation KW - Interleukin 12 KW - Cytotoxicity KW - Tumor cell lines KW - Interleukin 15 KW - Interleukin 18 KW - A 01340:Antibiotics & Antimicrobials KW - F 06910:Microorganisms & Parasites KW - V 22370:Oncology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20479209?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Interferon+%26+Cytokine+Research&rft.atitle=Activation+of+Porcine+Natural+Killer+Cells+and+Lysis+of+Foot-and-Mouth+Disease+Virus+Infected+Cells&rft.au=Toka%2C+F+N%3BNfon%2C+C+K%3BDawson%2C+H%3BEstes%2C+D+M%3BGolde%2C+W+T&rft.aulast=Toka&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=179&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Interferon+%26+Cytokine+Research&rft.issn=10799907&rft_id=info:doi/10.1089%2Fjir.2008.0058 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Transformation; gamma -Interferon; Natural killer cells; CD8 antigen; Infection; Foot-and-mouth disease; Inflammation; Cell activation; Interleukin 12; Tumor cell lines; Cytotoxicity; Interleukin 15; Interleukin 18; Foot-and-mouth disease virus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/jir.2008.0058 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In vitro and in vivo interaction of macrophages from vaccinated and non-vaccinated channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) to Edwardsiella ictaluri AN - 20477082; 9165022 AB - Macrophages from catfish vaccinated with an Edwardsiella ictaluri vaccine and macrophages from non-vaccinated catfish were used in in vitro and in vivo studies with red-fluorescent E. ictaluri to assess phagocytic ability, reactive oxygen and nitric oxide production and bactericidal activity. In the in vitro experiment, macrophages were harvested from vaccinated and non-vaccinated fish and then exposed to red-fluorescent E. ictaluri. Results of this study showed that E. ictaluri can survive and replicate in macrophages from non-vaccinated catfish (relative percent killing, RPK, from 0.011 to 0.620 and from -0.904 to 0.042 with macrophage:bacteria ratios of 1:20 and 1:100, respectively) even in the presence of reactive oxygen and nitrogen products. Macrophages from vaccinated fish were significantly (p<0.05) more efficient in killing E. ictaluri (RPK from 0.656 to 0.978 and from 0.011 to 0.620 with macrophage:bacteria ratios of 1:20 and 1:100, respectively) and produced significantly (p<0.05) higher amounts of ROS (10-fold increase) and nitrogen oxide (about 10-fold increase) than macrophages from non-vaccinated fish. In the in vivo experiment, vaccinated and non-vaccinated catfish were injected with red-fluorescent E. ictaluri to allow the interaction between macrophages and other components of the immune system. After 6h, macrophages were harvested from the fish and seeded in glass chamber slides and bactericidal activity was measured in vitro. Results showed in vivo interaction of other components of the immune system enhanced bactericidal activity of macrophages from vaccinated fish. In another set of experiments, catfish were intraperitoneally injected with fluorescent bacteria opsonized with immune serum or non-opsonized and necropsied in the first 48h after bacterial challenge to observe localization of E. ictaluri between vaccinated and non-vaccinated catfish. Vaccinated fish were able to control the dispersion of E. ictaluri in the body and red-fluorescent bacteria were observed only in the spleen, anterior and trunk kidney. In non-vaccinated fish E. ictaluri was able to replicate and invade all organs with the exception of the brain. We further determined that macrophages seeded with E. ictaluri could cause infection in non-vaccinated fish upon reinoculation with in vitro infected-macrophages. Overall, the results indicated that macrophages from vaccinated fish are activated and responsible for rapid clearance of infection upon re-exposure to virulent E. ictaluri. JF - Fish & Shellfish Immunology AU - Russo, R AU - Shoemaker, CA AU - Panangala, V S AU - Klesius, PH AD - United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, 990 Wire Road, Auburn, AL 36832, USA, ric.russo@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - March 2009 SP - 543 EP - 552 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl] VL - 26 IS - 3 SN - 1050-4648, 1050-4648 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Immunology Abstracts KW - Macrophages KW - Edwardsiella ictaluri KW - Disease control KW - Freshwater KW - Infection KW - Freshwater fish KW - Ictalurus punctatus KW - Reactive oxygen species KW - Phagocytes KW - oxides KW - Bactericidal activity KW - Fish culture KW - Opsonization KW - Biological production KW - Immune serum KW - Brain KW - Spleen KW - Kidneys KW - Vaccination KW - Oxygen KW - Kidney KW - Nitric oxide KW - Vaccines KW - Nitrogen KW - A 01340:Antibiotics & Antimicrobials KW - Q1 08587:Diseases of Cultured Organisms KW - F 06940:Fish Immunity KW - Q3 08587:Diseases of Cultured Organisms KW - J 02340:Antibiotics & Antimicrobials UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20477082?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fish+%26+Shellfish+Immunology&rft.atitle=In+vitro+and+in+vivo+interaction+of+macrophages+from+vaccinated+and+non-vaccinated+channel+catfish+%28Ictalurus+punctatus%29+to+Edwardsiella+ictaluri&rft.au=Russo%2C+R%3BShoemaker%2C+CA%3BPanangala%2C+V+S%3BKlesius%2C+PH&rft.aulast=Russo&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=543&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fish+%26+Shellfish+Immunology&rft.issn=10504648&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.fsi.2009.02.011 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Macrophages; Biological production; Disease control; Brain; Spleen; Vaccines; Kidneys; Freshwater fish; Fish culture; Immune serum; Infection; Vaccination; Oxygen; Reactive oxygen species; Phagocytes; Kidney; oxides; Nitric oxide; Bactericidal activity; Nitrogen; Opsonization; Edwardsiella ictaluri; Ictalurus punctatus; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2009.02.011 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Conservation Biology and Plant Breeding: Special Considerations for the Development of Native Plant Materials for Use in Restoration AN - 20476248; 9168543 AB - The development of native plant materials for restoration demands that close attention be paid to the expectations of the specialized customer base of ecological restorationists. Restoration practitioners' expectations are often built on assumptions and values reflective of the relatively new discipline of conservation biology (MacMahon 1997). Unlike most scientific disciplines, conservation biology is unashamedly value driven (Meffe and Carroll 1997). Its basic thrust is that we must maintain natural patterns of genetic diversity at many levels and thus preserve options for future evolution. JF - Ecological Restoration AU - Jones, T A AD - Research Geneticist, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Forage dr Range Research Laboratory, Logan, UT 84322-6300, USA, thomas.jones@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 8 EP - 11 VL - 27 IS - 1 SN - 1543-4060, 1543-4060 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Plants KW - Conservation KW - Environmental restoration KW - Genetic diversity KW - genetic diversity KW - plant breeding KW - Evolution KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 21:Wildlife KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20476248?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Restoration&rft.atitle=Conservation+Biology+and+Plant+Breeding%3A+Special+Considerations+for+the+Development+of+Native+Plant+Materials+for+Use+in+Restoration&rft.au=Jones%2C+T+A&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=8&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Restoration&rft.issn=15434060&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Plants; Genetic diversity; Environmental restoration; Conservation; Evolution; genetic diversity; plant breeding ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of EST-SSR Markers for the Study of Population Structure in Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) AN - 20463455; 9145895 JF - Journal of Heredity AU - Simko, Ivan AD - From the USDA-ARS, Crop Improvement and Protection Research Unit, 1636 East Alisal Street, Salinas, CA 93905, Ivan.Simko@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 256 EP - 262 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals, Great Clarendon Street VL - 100 IS - 2 SN - 0022-1503, 0022-1503 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - database KW - EST KW - in silico KW - Lactuca KW - microsatellites KW - population structure KW - Population structure KW - Lactuca sativa KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20463455?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Heredity&rft.atitle=Development+of+EST-SSR+Markers+for+the+Study+of+Population+Structure+in+Lettuce+%28Lactuca+sativa+L.%29&rft.au=Simko%2C+Ivan&rft.aulast=Simko&rft.aufirst=Ivan&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=100&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=256&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Heredity&rft.issn=00221503&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fjhered%2Fesn072 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Population structure; Lactuca sativa DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jhered/esn072 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - CHEF PROCEDURES: A RAPID HIGH-TEMPERATURE METHOD FOR SAMPLE PREPARATION, A HIGH VOLTAGE HEPES BUFFER SYSTEM AND THE USE OF NUSIEVE+ AGAROSE AN - 20463203; 9148953 AB - A rapid, high-temperature method of sample preparation from gram-negative bacteria for contour-clamped homogenous electric field (CHEF) electrophoresis is described, which utilizes a diethylpyrocarbonate nuclease inactivation step for preventing latent degradation of DNA. Also described is a simple 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid buffer system that permits high-voltage CHEF electrophoresis in standard apparatus while preventing the strand scission events associated with tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane buffers. Finally, the use of NuSieve agarose in combination with standard analytical agarose was compared to specialty CHEF agarose, demonstrating the potential use of this reagent in CHEF gel separations.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSContour-clamped homogenous electric field (CHEF) gel electrophoresis is a widely used technique in epidemiological and comparative genetic studies of microorganisms. Standard techniques work variably well, making options that can be used to 'tweak' methodology useful. In this article, we describe a rapid, higher-temperature variation of sample preparation that yields inherently stable DNA with a more efficient usage of expensive reagents. Also detailed is a simple electrophoresis buffer that eliminates the tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane-mediated strand scission events that have complicated the comparison of bacterial strains in some studies. This buffer permits the use of the higher-voltage electrophoresis conditions used in many studies without the addition of potentially harmful chemicals. Finally, we demonstrate that the combination of NuSieve (Lonza) branded agarose with standard agarose can be used effectively in CHEF gels, thus expanding analytical options while also providing an alternative to maintaining other expensive specialty agaroses. The methods herein may be applied in whole or in part, allowing their possible inclusion in existing or future protocols as desired. JF - Journal of Rapid Methods and Automation in Microbiology AU - Kinscherf, Thomas G AU - Yap, Mee-Ngan AU - Charkowski, Amy O AU - Willis, David K AD - 1Vegetable Crops Research UnitAgricultural Research ServiceUnited States Department of AgricultureMadison, WI 53706 Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 9 EP - 16 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road VL - 17 IS - 1 SN - 1060-3999, 1060-3999 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Electric fields KW - Gram-negative bacteria KW - DNA KW - Microorganisms KW - Nuclease KW - Automation KW - Gel electrophoresis KW - TWEAK protein KW - A 01300:Methods KW - J 02300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20463203?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Rapid+Methods+and+Automation+in+Microbiology&rft.atitle=CHEF+PROCEDURES%3A+A+RAPID+HIGH-TEMPERATURE+METHOD+FOR+SAMPLE+PREPARATION%2C+A+HIGH+VOLTAGE+HEPES+BUFFER+SYSTEM+AND+THE+USE+OF+NUSIEVE%2B+AGAROSE&rft.au=Kinscherf%2C+Thomas+G%3BYap%2C+Mee-Ngan%3BCharkowski%2C+Amy+O%3BWillis%2C+David+K&rft.aulast=Kinscherf&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=9&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Rapid+Methods+and+Automation+in+Microbiology&rft.issn=10603999&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1745-4581.2008.00147.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Gram-negative bacteria; Electric fields; Microorganisms; DNA; Automation; Nuclease; Gel electrophoresis; TWEAK protein DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4581.2008.00147.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Invasive Exotic Plants in the Tropical Pacific Islands: Patterns of Diversity AN - 20451525; 9124344 AB - ABSTRACTOceanic islands are good model systems with which to explore factors affecting exotic species diversity. Islands vary in size, topography, substrate type, degree of isolation, native species diversity, history, human population characteristics, and economic development. Moreover, islands are highly vulnerable to exotic species establishment. We used AICc analyses of data on 1132 vascular plant species for 15 countries and 114 islands from the Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER) project to examine biological, geographical, and socioeconomic correlates of exotic species richness. PIER provides data on the distribution of naturalized non-native plant species thought to pose environmental or economic risk. We hypothesized that the numbers of PIER-listed species would be positively correlated with island size, habitat diversity, and proximity to major source pools for propagules. Further, we expected numbers of PIER-listed exotic species to be similar among islands in the same country and to be greater where human populations were larger and where economic activity was high. Most species (908) were found on less than or equal to 10 islands. Species number was significantly correlated with island and country areas and with native plant species richness. The strongest model revealed by AICc analyses of island data included log (area) and maximum elevation as well as country membership, substrate type, and presence of an airport with paved runway (an index of economic activity). By country, AICc analyses revealed two equivalent models, both of which included log (area) and per capita gross domestic product as well as a measure of population size (either log (population size) or (population density)). Our analyses provide strong evidence of the roles of biogeographic, environmental, and socioeconomic impacts on the distribution and spread of exotic species. JF - Biotropica AU - Denslow, Julie S AU - Space, James C AU - Thomas, Philip A AD - 2Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry, USDA Forest Service, 60 Nowelo St., Hilo, Hawai'i 96720, U.S.A. Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 162 EP - 170 PB - Association for Tropical Biology, 9600 Garsington Road VL - 41 IS - 2 SN - 0006-3606, 0006-3606 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Historical account KW - population number KW - economic development KW - Ecosystems KW - Population density KW - Socioeconomics KW - IS, Tropical Pacific KW - piers KW - Islands KW - species richness KW - Economics KW - Species richness KW - Topography KW - Data processing KW - Airports KW - Habitat KW - Socio-economic aspects KW - I, Central Pacific, Pacific Ocean Is. KW - Species diversity KW - vulnerability KW - human populations KW - Introduced species KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20451525?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotropica&rft.atitle=Invasive+Exotic+Plants+in+the+Tropical+Pacific+Islands%3A+Patterns+of+Diversity&rft.au=Denslow%2C+Julie+S%3BSpace%2C+James+C%3BThomas%2C+Philip+A&rft.aulast=Denslow&rft.aufirst=Julie&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=162&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotropica&rft.issn=00063606&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1744-7429.2008.00469.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - I, Central Pacific, Pacific Ocean Is.; IS, Tropical Pacific; Islands; Economics; human populations; species richness; piers; Socioeconomics; Species diversity; population number; Population density; Topography; Habitat; Ecosystems; vulnerability; economic development; Historical account; Airports; Introduced species; Data processing; Socio-economic aspects; Species richness DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7429.2008.00469.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Differential Responses of Resistant Soybean Entries to Isolates of Phakopsora pachyrhizi AN - 20448023; 9130327 AB - Soybean rust, caused by the fungus Phakopsora pachyrhizi, was detected in the continental United States in 2004. Several new sources of resistance to P. pachyrhizi have been identified in soybean (Glycine max); however, there is limited information about their resistance when challenged with additional U.S. and international isolates. Resistance of 20 soybean (G. max) entries was compared after inoculation with 10 P. pachyrhizi isolates, representing different geographic and temporal origins. Soybean entries included 2 universal susceptible cultivars, 4 sources of soybean rust resistance genes (Rpp sub(1-4)), and 4 and 10 resistant entries selected from field trials in Paraguay and Vietnam, respectively. Of the known Rpp sub(1-4) sources of resistance, plant introduction (PI) 459025B (Rpp sub(4)) produced reddish-brown (RB) lesions in response to all of the P. pachyrhizi isolates, while PI 230970 (Rpp sub(2)) produced RB lesions to all isolates except one from Taiwan, in response to which it produced a susceptible tan (TAN) lesion. PI 200492 (Rpp sub(1)) and PI 462312 (Rpp sub(3)) produced TAN lesions in response to most P. pachyrhizi isolates. The resistant entries selected from Paraguay and Vietnam varied considerably in their responses to the 10 P. pachyrhizi isolates, with M 103 the most susceptible and GC 84058-18-4 the most resistant. The reaction patterns on these resistant entries to the P. pachyrhizi isolates were different compared with the four soybean accessions with the Rpp genes, indicating that they contain novel sources of rust resistance. Among the P. pachyrhizi isolates, TW 72-1 from Taiwan and IN 73-1 from India produced the most susceptible and resistant reactions, respectively, on the soybean entries. JF - Plant Disease AU - Pham, T A AU - Miles, M R AU - Frederick, R D AU - Hill, C B AU - Hartman, G L AD - USDA-ARS and Department of Crop Sciences, NSRC, University of Illinois, Urbana, USA, ghartman@uiuc.edu Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 224 EP - 228 VL - 93 IS - 3 SN - 0191-2917, 0191-2917 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Guanylate cyclase KW - Plant diseases KW - Phakopsora pachyrhizi KW - Retinoblastoma protein KW - Inoculation KW - Rust KW - Glycine max KW - Soybeans KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20448023?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Disease&rft.atitle=Differential+Responses+of+Resistant+Soybean+Entries+to+Isolates+of+Phakopsora+pachyrhizi&rft.au=Pham%2C+T+A%3BMiles%2C+M+R%3BFrederick%2C+R+D%3BHill%2C+C+B%3BHartman%2C+G+L&rft.aulast=Pham&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=224&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Disease&rft.issn=01912917&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPDIS-93-3-0224 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Guanylate cyclase; Plant diseases; Inoculation; Retinoblastoma protein; Rust; Soybeans; Phakopsora pachyrhizi; Glycine max DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-93-3-0224 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dieback and Mortality of Alnus in the Southern Rocky Mountains, USA AN - 20447558; 9130606 AB - Dieback and mortality of Alnus incana subsp. tenuifolia in the Southern Rocky Mountains apparently began by the late 1980s and have become a concern to land managers. A survey of alder including 68 transects from southern Wyoming to northern New Mexico indicated that, of 6,503 standing stems, 37% were dead, 29% had dieback, and 34% were healthy. Transects intercepted 1,479 m of live and 1,177 m of dead alder canopy. A second, more localized survey with 32 transects in the upper Gunnison River watershed of Colorado yielded similar results. Abundance of live sprouts was inversely related to amount of dieback and mortality in a genet, suggesting that affected genets are dying and not replacing themselves. Damage did not vary substantially by geographic area and was not related to elevation, animal browsing, or distance to nearest road. Distance to nearest stream was weakly, inversely related to severity of dieback and mortality. Symptoms were not consistent with disease of alder caused by Phytophthora alni in Europe, and isolations for Phytophthora species were negative. Cytospora canker, caused by Valsa melanodiscus (anamorph Cytospora umbrina), is the proximate cause of the dieback and mortality. JF - Plant Disease AU - Worrall, J J AD - USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Region, Forest Health Management, 216 N. Colorado St., Gunnison, CO 81230, USA, jworrall@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 293 EP - 298 VL - 93 IS - 3 SN - 0191-2917, 0191-2917 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Rivers KW - Canker KW - Alnus incana KW - Mortality KW - Plant diseases KW - Dieback KW - Cytospora KW - Abundance KW - Alnus KW - Watersheds KW - Stems KW - Streams KW - Mountains KW - Imperfect state KW - Browsing KW - Umbrina KW - Phytophthora KW - Canopies KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20447558?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Disease&rft.atitle=Dieback+and+Mortality+of+Alnus+in+the+Southern+Rocky+Mountains%2C+USA&rft.au=Worrall%2C+J+J&rft.aulast=Worrall&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=293&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Disease&rft.issn=01912917&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPDIS-93-3-0293 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Canker; Rivers; Mortality; Plant diseases; Dieback; Abundance; Stems; Watersheds; Streams; Mountains; Imperfect state; Browsing; Canopies; Alnus incana; Cytospora; Umbrina; Phytophthora; Alnus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-93-3-0293 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Heat Treatment Effects on Strawberry Plant Survival and Angular Leaf Spot, Caused by Xanthomonas fragariae, in Nursery Production AN - 20447346; 9130607 AB - Angular leaf spot is an important disease in strawberry nursery production. The European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) lists Xanthomonas fragariae as an A2 quarantine pathogen. Therefore, nurseries wishing to export plants to European countries must maintain phytosanitary standards to exclude X. fragariae. To help nurseries achieve these standards, heat treatment for killing or reducing the number of viable bacterial cells in strawberry crown tissue was investigated. First, the sensitivity of bacteria to heat was determined by dispensing 1-ml aliquots of standardized cell suspensions in microcentrifuge tubes for each of four isolates of X. fragariae, including the type culture, and submerging the tubes in water at 36, 40, 44, 48, 52, and 56C for 0, 1, 2.5, 5, 10, 15, 30, 60, 120, 240, 360, and 480 min. Bacteria were transferred to growth medium to determine the proportion surviving heat treatment. Two trials were conducted in a greenhouse to determine the sensitivity of bare-root plants to heat treatment. In the first trial, plants of cvs. Camarosa and Diamante from two different nurseries were heat treated as follows: (i) plants placed in metallic mesh cages and immersed directly into water (industry standard, direct dip); (ii) plants sealed in a plastic bag and the bag immersed in water (bagged dry); or (iii) plants wetted in warm water, sealed in a plastic bag, and then immersed in water (bagged wet). Plants were treated at 44 or 48C for 0, 60, 120, 180, and 240 min. In the second trial, plants of cvs. Camarosa, Camino Real, Diamante, Oso Grande, Strawberry Festival, and Ventana from a single nursery were subjected to the same treatments. In both trials, plants were potted after treatment and rated for growth characteristics. Results showed that populations of bacteria exposed to 56 and 52C were killed completely after 15 and 60 min of exposure, respectively; both treatments killed plants. Bacterial populations exposed to 44C for 4 h or 48C for 2 h were reduced by 10 super(5) or 10 super(6) CFU/ml. The same treatments minimally affected vegetative growth of plants bagged dry or wet, but flowering was adversely affected. These heat treatments were selected for testing of nursery stock of several cultivars in field trials established at two locations in successive years. The survival rate among cultivars was similar to that observed in greenhouse trials, and angular leaf spot developed appreciably only in non-heat-treated control plots. Heat treatment of strawberry nursery stock is feasible and can be used to supplement standard production practices for producing pathogen-free nursery stock. JF - Plant Disease AU - Turechek, W W AU - Peres, NA AD - United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, United States Horticultural Research Laboratory, Fort Pierce, FL 34945, USA, William.Turechek@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 299 EP - 308 VL - 93 IS - 3 SN - 0191-2917, 0191-2917 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Cell suspensions KW - Flowering KW - Plant diseases KW - Plant protection KW - Survival KW - Cell culture KW - Fragaria KW - Pathogens KW - Xanthomonas fragariae KW - Greenhouses KW - Heat KW - Colony-forming cells KW - Leafspot KW - Quarantine KW - Plastics KW - Heat treatments KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20447346?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Disease&rft.atitle=Heat+Treatment+Effects+on+Strawberry+Plant+Survival+and+Angular+Leaf+Spot%2C+Caused+by+Xanthomonas+fragariae%2C+in+Nursery+Production&rft.au=Turechek%2C+W+W%3BPeres%2C+NA&rft.aulast=Turechek&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=299&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Disease&rft.issn=01912917&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPDIS-93-3-0299 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Flowering; Cell suspensions; Plant diseases; Plant protection; Survival; Cell culture; Pathogens; Greenhouses; Heat; Leafspot; Colony-forming cells; Quarantine; Plastics; Heat treatments; Fragaria; Xanthomonas fragariae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-93-3-0299 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - First Report of Bean yellow mosaic virus from Diseased Lupinus luteus in Eastern Washington AN - 20446202; 9130618 AB - Lupine accessions from the Cool Season Food Legume Seed Collection are grown for seed regenerations in Pullman, WA by the Agricultural Research Service, Western Regional Plant Introduction Station. Selected seed was germinated in the greenhouse and assayed by indirect ELISA using antiserum for potyvirus group detection (Agdia, Inc., Elkhart, IN). Healthy transplants were grown for seed collection on outside plots. In July of 2005, more than 90% of 307 Lupinus luteus L. transplants developed severe yellowing, necrosis, and stunting with an estimated 5% plant death. Plants were heavily infested with aphids and leaf sap was serologi-cally positive for potyvirus. Partially purified virus preparations from infected plants contained filamentous particles and a 35-kDa protein that reacted with universal potyvirus antiserum on western blots. Reverse transcription (RT)-PCR using potyvirus universal primers (2) and cDNA derived from virion RNA generated a 61.7-kbp product that was cloned and sequenced. The sequenced portion of the genomic RNA contained 1,610 nucleotides (nt) on its 3'-terminus (GenBank Accession No. EU144223) that included a partial nuclear inclusion protein, NIb, (1 to 637 nt) with the conserved amino acid (aa) replicase motif GDD (131 to 139 nt), the coat protein (CP) gene of 821 nt (638 to 1,459 nt), and a 171-nt untranslated region (1,460 to 1,630 nt) attached to a poly(A)tail. The CP sequence contained a NAG motif instead of the DAG motif commonly associated with aphid transmission. Searches in the NCBI GenBank database revealed that the CP aa and nt sequences contained conserved domains with isolates of Bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV). A pairwise alignment (ClustalX) (4) of the CP aa from 20 BYMV isolates with the BYMV-Pullman isolate revealed identities from 96% (BYMV-S, U47033) to 88% (BYMV-MI [X81124)] -MI-NAT [AF434661]). This meets the species demarcation criteria of more than 680% identity for inclusion with BYMV (1). Virion mechanical inoculations resulted in local lesions on Cheno-podium amaranticolor Coste et Reyn and C. quinoa Willd., necrotic blotches on Phaseolus vulgaris L., and yellow spots and systemic movement in L. succulentus Douglas ex. K. Koch, L. texensis 'Bluebonnet', and L. texensis 'Maroon'; BYMV was confirmed by western blots and ELISA. The experimental inoculations represent the first documented report of BYMV in the annual L. succulentus and biennial L. texensis species. Since BYMV is seedborne and transmitted by many aphid species (3), it is possible that several lupine transplants escaped potyvirus detection, and secondary transmission of BYMV to plants occurred by aphids. During the 1950s, BYMV was confirmed in several annual lupines grown as crops in the southeastern United States (3). To our knowledge, this is the first report of BYMV occurring naturally in a lupine species in Washington. BYMV is a destructive virus to lupine species worldwide and has a wide host range in Fabaceae. This research directly contributes toward the maintenance of virus-free lupine seed for distribution to scientists focusing on lupine research. JF - Plant Disease AU - Robertson, N L AU - Coyne, C J AD - USDA, ARS, Subarctic Agricultural Research Unit, Palmer, AK, USA Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 319 VL - 93 IS - 3 SN - 0191-2917, 0191-2917 KW - Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Virions KW - Host range KW - Food KW - Aphididae KW - Diacylglycerol KW - replicase KW - Reverse transcription KW - Necrosis KW - Yellow spot KW - Blotch KW - Legumes KW - CP gene KW - Yellowing KW - Coat protein KW - genomics KW - Potyvirus KW - Western blotting KW - Plant diseases KW - Crop KW - Seeds KW - Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay KW - Bean yellow mosaic virus KW - Leaves KW - Food plants KW - Beans KW - Nucleotides KW - Greenhouses KW - Databases KW - RNA KW - Lupinus luteus KW - Fabaceae KW - Inoculation KW - Inclusion bodies KW - Phaseolus vulgaris KW - Primers KW - Plant viruses KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - Z 05350:Medical, Veterinary, and Agricultural Entomology KW - V 22310:Genetics, Taxonomy & Structure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20446202?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Disease&rft.atitle=First+Report+of+Bean+yellow+mosaic+virus+from+Diseased+Lupinus+luteus+in+Eastern+Washington&rft.au=Robertson%2C+N+L%3BCoyne%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Robertson&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=319&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Disease&rft.issn=01912917&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPDIS-93-3-0319A LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Virions; Host range; Food; Diacylglycerol; replicase; Reverse transcription; Necrosis; Yellow spot; Blotch; CP gene; Legumes; Yellowing; Coat protein; genomics; Western blotting; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Seeds; Crop; Plant diseases; Leaves; Food plants; Nucleotides; Beans; Greenhouses; Databases; RNA; Inoculation; Inclusion bodies; Primers; Plant viruses; Potyvirus; Lupinus luteus; Bean yellow mosaic virus; Fabaceae; Aphididae; Phaseolus vulgaris DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-93-3-0319A ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Susceptibility to Phytophthora ramorum and Inoculum Production Potential of Some Common Eastern Forest Understory Plant Species AN - 20445896; 9130331 AB - Twenty-five plant species (21 genera, 14 families), which comprise a portion of the understory in forests of the Eastern United States, were evaluated for susceptibility to infection by Phytophthora ramorum. The degree to which P. ramorum is able to form sporangia and chlamy-dospores was also assessed on these hosts. Seedlings were spray-inoculated with a mixture (4,000 sporangia/ml) of four P. ramorum isolates followed by incubation in a dew chamber at 20C in darkness for 5 days. Percent infection on individual leaves/leaflets was assessed visually. Mean percent leaf area infected ranged from 0.7% for Smilax rotundifolia to 93.8% for Kalmia latifolia. Eight plant species tested developed significantly larger lesion areas than those found on susceptible control Rhododendron 'Cunningham's White'. Fourteen species in addition to the susceptible control exhibited infection of over 90% of their leaves. Sporangia production by P. ramorum varied considerably among plant species, ranging from 36 per cm super(2) lesion area on Myrica pennsylvannica to 2,001 per cm super(2) lesion area on Robinia pseudoacacia. Numbers of chlamydospores produced per 6-mm-diameter leaf disk incubated in a P. ramorum sporangia suspension ranged from 25 on Ilex verticillata to 493 on Rhus typhina. The results indicate that many common understory species in Eastern U.S. forests are susceptible to P. ramorum and capable of providing ample sources of inoculum (sporangia and chlamydospores) for forest epidemics should the pathogen be introduced and should temperature and moisture conditions exist that are conducive to disease development. JF - Plant Disease AU - Tooley, P W AU - Browning, M AD - USDA-ARS, Foreign Disease-Weed Science Research Unit, 1301 Ditto Avenue, Ft. Detrick, MD 21702-5023, USA, paul.tooley@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 249 EP - 256 VL - 93 IS - 3 SN - 0191-2917, 0191-2917 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Temperature effects KW - Sporangia KW - Leaf area KW - Plant diseases KW - Epidemics KW - Kalmia latifolia KW - Rhus typhina KW - Leaves KW - Forests KW - Rhododendron KW - Pathogens KW - Infection KW - Smilax rotundifolia KW - Dew KW - Ilex verticillata KW - Chlamydospores KW - Robinia pseudoacacia KW - Inoculum KW - Seedlings KW - Phytophthora KW - Myrica KW - Understory KW - A 01380:Plant Protection, Fungicides & Seed Treatments KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20445896?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Disease&rft.atitle=Susceptibility+to+Phytophthora+ramorum+and+Inoculum+Production+Potential+of+Some+Common+Eastern+Forest+Understory+Plant+Species&rft.au=Tooley%2C+P+W%3BBrowning%2C+M&rft.aulast=Tooley&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=249&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Disease&rft.issn=01912917&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPDIS-93-3-0249 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Leaf area; Sporangia; Plant diseases; Epidemics; Leaves; Forests; Pathogens; Infection; Dew; Chlamydospores; Inoculum; Seedlings; Understory; Rhus typhina; Kalmia latifolia; Ilex verticillata; Robinia pseudoacacia; Rhododendron; Phytophthora; Myrica; Smilax rotundifolia DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-93-3-0249 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sensory and analytical characteristics of a novel hybrid muskmelon fruit intended for the fresh-cut industry AN - 20444608; 9130653 AB - A novel hybrid muskmelon has been bred specifically for use by the fresh-cut industry in winter. Quality characteristics of fresh-cut pieces from the hybrid were compared to those of its inbred parental lines and to those of a commercial netted muskmelon (cantaloupe) and a non-netted muskmelon (honeydew) fruit available in winter. Pieces from hybrid and female line fruit had higher soluble solids content (SSC) and firmness, and lower aromatic volatile concentrations compared to those from the male line fruit. Pieces from hybrid fruit also had higher SSC (>3%) and were firmer (>5 N) than commercial fruit available during the winter, and had twice the aromatic volatile concentration of commercial honeydew and a more intense orange hue than commercial muskmelon. Consumers rated the flavor, texture, sweetness and overall eating quality of the hybrid higher than its inbred parents and winter-available honeydew and as well as or better than winter-available muskmelon. Hybrid fruit stored 5 weeks at 1 degree C under modified atmospheric conditions, then fresh-cut and stored 14d in air at 5 degree C maintained good quality (firmness = 51N, SSC > 12%, beta -carotene and ascorbic add concentrations= 18 and 182 mg kg super(-1), respectively), and showed no signs of tissue translucency or surface pitting despite microbial populations >11 log sub(10)kg super(-1). The results indicate that the novel hybrid muskmelon is a promising new melon type for fresh-cut processing and marketing, at least during the winter season. JF - Postharvest Biology and Technology AU - Saftner, R A AU - Lester, GE AD - Produce Quality and Safety laboratory, Agricultural Research Service. United States Department of Agriculture, c/o RA Saftner. B-002 Room-117, 10300 Baltimore Avenue. Beltsville, MD 20705. USA, Robert.Saftner@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 327 EP - 333 VL - 51 IS - 3 SN - 0925-5214, 0925-5214 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Fruits KW - Cucumis melo KW - Flavor KW - Sensory evaluation KW - Sweetness KW - Honeydew KW - Sensory properties KW - Volatiles KW - Hybrids KW - beta -Carotene KW - Consumers KW - Inbreeding KW - Atmospheric conditions KW - Aromatics KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20444608?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Postharvest+Biology+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Sensory+and+analytical+characteristics+of+a+novel+hybrid+muskmelon+fruit+intended+for+the+fresh-cut+industry&rft.au=Saftner%2C+R+A%3BLester%2C+GE&rft.aulast=Saftner&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=327&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Postharvest+Biology+and+Technology&rft.issn=09255214&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.postharvbio.2008.09.008 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fruits; Flavor; Sensory evaluation; Sweetness; Honeydew; Sensory properties; Volatiles; Hybrids; beta -Carotene; Inbreeding; Consumers; Aromatics; Atmospheric conditions; Cucumis melo DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2008.09.008 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cucurbit leaf crumple virus Identified in Common Bean in Florida AN - 20444104; 9130622 AB - Virus-like symptoms of leaf deformation and rugosity, especially of younger leaves, and a mild mosaic were observed on fresh market common (green) bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plants in Hendry County in southwest Florida in December of 2007 and again in February of 2008. All bean fields were adjacent to watermelon fields in which Cucurbit leaf crumple virus (CuLCrV), Squash vein yellowing virus (SqVYV), and Papaya ringspot virus type W (PRSV-W) infections had previously been confirmed (fall of 2007) by PCR, reverse transcription (RT)-PCR, and/or ELISA. Whiteflies, Bemisia tabaci, were observed on both bean and watermelon plants in December and February. Fifteen samples (eleven with symptoms) were collected in December and two (both with symptoms) in February. Initial ELISA assays using commercially available antisera for potyviruses or Cucumber mosaic virus (Agdia, Elkhart, IN) were negative. Total nucleic acids were extracted and used for PCR testing. All samples tested negative by RT-PCR using specific primers for SqVYV, PRSV-W, and Cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus, and degenerate primers for potyviruses. Ten of fifteen December samples (ten of eleven symptomatic samples) and both February samples yielded PCR products of the expected size with the degenerate begomovirus primers, PAR1c4967PAL1v1978, which amplify a portion of the begomovirus A component (3). PCR products from three December and both February samples were cloned and sequenced. The 1,159-nt PCR products shared 99% identity with each other and 96% identity with the corresponding region of A component sequences of Arizona and California CuLCrV isolates (GenBank Accession Nos. AF256200 and AF224760, respectively). Additional degenerate begomovirus primers PBL1v2040/PCRc154, which amplify a 381-nt portion of the hypervariable region of the begomovirus B component (3), and AC1048/AV494, which amplify a 533-nt portion of a conserved region of the coat protein gene (4), were used to confirm the identity of CuLCrV in the three December samples. The PBL1v2040/PCRc154 PCR products shared 98 to 99% identity with each other and 94 to 95% identity with the corresponding region of B component sequences of Arizona and California CuLCrV isolates (GenBank Accession Nos. AF327559 and AF224761, respectively), whereas the AC1048/AV494 PCR products shared 99% identity with each other and 97% identity with the corresponding region of A component sequences of Arizona and California CuLCrV isolates. Nucleic acid dot-blot hybridization assays of sap from homogenized leaves of the three December samples (from which the PCR product clones were obtained) with a digoxigenin-labeled CuLCrV cDNA probe also confirmed the presence of CuLCrV. Although CuLCrV has been reported to experimentally infect common bean and tobacco (2), to our knowledge, this is the first report of CuLCrV infecting any noncucurbit host in Florida. This finding suggests that CuLCrV may be more widely distributed than previously known in Florida (1) and that common bean (and potentially other legumes) are potential reservoirs for CuLCrV. JF - Plant Disease AU - Adkins, S AU - Polston, JE AU - Turechek, W W AD - USDA-ARS, Fort Pierce, FL 34945, USA Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 320 VL - 93 IS - 3 SN - 0191-2917, 0191-2917 KW - Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Probes KW - Cucurbit leaf crumple virus KW - Papaya ringspot virus KW - Infection KW - Reverse transcription KW - Veins KW - Legumes KW - Tobacco KW - Yellowing KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Coat protein KW - Bemisia tabaci KW - Begomovirus KW - Cucumber mosaic virus KW - Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay KW - Plant diseases KW - Leaves KW - SAP protein KW - Beans KW - Antisera KW - nucleic acids KW - Citrullus lanatus KW - Phaseolus vulgaris KW - Primers KW - Plant viruses KW - Cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - V 22420:Plant Diseases KW - Z 05350:Medical, Veterinary, and Agricultural Entomology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20444104?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Disease&rft.atitle=Cucurbit+leaf+crumple+virus+Identified+in+Common+Bean+in+Florida&rft.au=Adkins%2C+S%3BPolston%2C+JE%3BTurechek%2C+W+W&rft.aulast=Adkins&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=320&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Disease&rft.issn=01912917&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPDIS-93-3-0320B LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Plant diseases; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Probes; Leaves; SAP protein; Infection; Beans; Reverse transcription; Antisera; nucleic acids; Veins; Legumes; Tobacco; Polymerase chain reaction; Yellowing; Coat protein; Primers; Plant viruses; Begomovirus; Cucumber mosaic virus; Papaya ringspot virus; Cucurbit leaf crumple virus; Phaseolus vulgaris; Citrullus lanatus; Bemisia tabaci; Cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-93-3-0320B ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of Temperature on Sporulation and Infectivity of Podosphaera macularis on Humulus lupulus AN - 20444035; 9130604 AB - Hop powdery mildew, caused by Podosphaera macularis, can result in complete crop loss and requires numerous fungicide applications for effective management. To assess the impact of temperature on the production of infective conidia, 10-day-old sporulating colonies were exposed to 18, 30, 33, 36, 39, and 42C for 6 h, and then incubated at 18C for 18 h. Conidia were harvested, inoculated onto hop plants, incubated at 18C for 10 days, and then lesions/cm super(2) of leaf area was determined. Disease was significantly reduced at temperatures .30C with a nonlinear response in the production of infective conidia (P < 0.0001). Temperature effects on sporulation of P. macularis were examined using a custom impaction conidia sampler in growth chambers programmed at constant temperatures of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35C, or 18C before and after ramping to 18, 22, 26, 30, 34, and 38C for 6 h. The effect of constant temperature on sporulation was best described by a nonlinear thermodynamic model (P = 0.0001) with maximal production near 25C. Exposure to fluctuating temperatures produced a curvilinear response in sporulation (P = 0.0122) with maximum production near 25C. These data indicate that inoculum availability is reduced when ambient temperature exceeds 30C and that modeling inoculum availability could help further refine current disease forecasting models. JF - Plant Disease AU - Peetz, AB AU - Mahaffee, W F AU - Gent, D H AD - U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Horticultural Crops Research Laboratory, and Oregon State University, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA, walt.mahaffee@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 281 EP - 286 VL - 93 IS - 3 SN - 0191-2917, 0191-2917 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Prediction KW - Temperature effects KW - Leaf area KW - Plant diseases KW - Data processing KW - Thermodynamics KW - Sporulation KW - Conidia KW - Humulus lupulus KW - Samplers KW - Powdery mildew KW - Crops KW - Models KW - Colonies KW - Infectivity KW - Fungicides KW - Inoculum KW - A 01380:Plant Protection, Fungicides & Seed Treatments KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20444035?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Disease&rft.atitle=Effect+of+Temperature+on+Sporulation+and+Infectivity+of+Podosphaera+macularis+on+Humulus+lupulus&rft.au=Peetz%2C+AB%3BMahaffee%2C+W+F%3BGent%2C+D+H&rft.aulast=Peetz&rft.aufirst=AB&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=281&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Disease&rft.issn=01912917&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPDIS-93-3-0281 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Prediction; Leaf area; Plant diseases; Data processing; Thermodynamics; Sporulation; Conidia; Powdery mildew; Samplers; Crops; Models; Infectivity; Colonies; Fungicides; Inoculum; Humulus lupulus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-93-3-0281 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of Fungicide and Timing of Application on Soybean Rust Severity and Yield AN - 20443745; 9130330 AB - Soybean rust, caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi, is a devastating foliar disease of soybean that may cause significant yield losses if not managed by well-timed fungicide applications. To determine the effect of fungicide timing on soybean rust severity and soybean yield, field trials were completed in Paraguay (four locations), the United States (two locations), and Zimbabwe (one location) from 2005 to 2006. Treatments at each location included applications of tebu-conazole, pyraclostrobin, or a combination of azoxystrobin + propiconazole, and in some locations pyraclostrobin + tebuconazole at the following soybean growth stages (GS): (i) GS R1 (beginning flowering), (ii) GS R3 (beginning pod), (iii) GS R5 (beginning seed), (iv) GS R1 + R3, (v) GS R3 + R5, and (vi) GS R1 + R3 + R5. Soybean yields from plots treated with fungicides were 16 to 114% greater than yields from no fungicide control plots in four locations in Paraguay, 12 to 55% greater in two locations in the United States, and 31% greater in Zimbabwe. In all locations, rust severity measured over time as area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) was negatively correlated (r = -0.3, P < 0.0001) to yield. The effectiveness of any given treatment (timing of application and product applied) was often dependent on when rust was first detected and the intensity of its development. For example, when soybean rust was first observed before GS R3 (two locations in Paraguay), the plants in plots treated with a fungicide at GS R1 had the lowest AUPDC values and highest yields. When soybean rust was first observed after GS R3, plants treated with a fungicide at GS R3 and/or GS R5 had the lowest AUDPC values and highest yields with a few exceptions. JF - Plant Disease AU - Mueller, T A AU - Miles, M R AU - Morel, W AU - Marois, J J AU - Wright, D L AU - Kemerait, R C AU - Levy, C AU - Hartman, G L AD - USDA-ARS, Department of Crop Sciences, National Soybean Research Center, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA, ghartman@uiuc.edu Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 243 EP - 248 VL - 93 IS - 3 SN - 0191-2917, 0191-2917 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Flowering KW - Plant diseases KW - Seeds KW - Phakopsora pachyrhizi KW - Growth stage KW - Tebuconazole KW - Rust KW - Soybeans KW - azoxystrobin KW - Fungicides KW - propiconazole KW - Foliar diseases KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20443745?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Disease&rft.atitle=Effect+of+Fungicide+and+Timing+of+Application+on+Soybean+Rust+Severity+and+Yield&rft.au=Mueller%2C+T+A%3BMiles%2C+M+R%3BMorel%2C+W%3BMarois%2C+J+J%3BWright%2C+D+L%3BKemerait%2C+R+C%3BLevy%2C+C%3BHartman%2C+G+L&rft.aulast=Mueller&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=243&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Disease&rft.issn=01912917&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPDIS-93-3-0243 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - azoxystrobin; Flowering; Seeds; Plant diseases; Fungicides; Growth stage; propiconazole; Tebuconazole; Foliar diseases; Rust; Soybeans; Phakopsora pachyrhizi DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-93-3-0243 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Construction and evaluation of a maize (Zea mays) chimaeric promoter with activity in kernel endosperm and embryo AN - 20436432; 9118278 AB - Chimaeric promoters contain DNA sequences from different promoters. Chimaeric promoters are developed to increase the level of recombinant protein expression, to precisely control transgene activity or to combat homology-based gene silencing. Sets of chimaeric promoters, each containing different lengths of DNA from maize (Zea mays) 27zn (27 kDa g-zein) endosperm-specific promoter and the GIb I (Globulin-I) embryo-specific promoter were created and tested in a transient expression assay of GFP (green fluorescent protein). Promoter fragments with the highest activity were combined to create the chimaeric promoter A27znGlb l. In the context of the chimaeric promoter, the selected GIb I promoter fragment was necessary and sufficient to activate expression in embryo tissue and was functionally equivalent to the native GIb I promoter. Similarly, the selected 27zn promoter fragment in the chimaeric promoter was necessary and sufficient to activate expression in endosperm tissue and was functionally equivalent to the native 27zn promoter. Maize transgenic plants containing the A27znGlb l chimaeric promoter fused to GFP were produced to characterize this promoter in vivo. Quantitative reverse-transcriptase PCR was used to determine that the promoter was active in the embryo, endosperm, pericarp and immature leaf tissues. GFP activity in plants containing the chimaeric promoter was not significantly different in endosperm than the activity of GFP fused to the full-length 27zn promoter, nor was it different in embryo from the activity of GFP fused to the full-length GIb I promoter. Transgene copy numbers were shown to be between 4 and 12 copies in different events. JF - Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry AU - Shepherd, C T AU - Scott, M P AD - USDA-ARS (U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service), Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA, pscott@iastate.edu Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 233 EP - 243 PB - Portland Press Ltd., 59 Portland Place London W1N 3AJ UK, [mailto:sales@portlandpress.co.uk] VL - 52 IS - 3 SN - 0885-4513, 0885-4513 KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Endosperm KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Transgenes KW - Green fluorescent protein KW - Leaves KW - pericarp KW - Transgenic plants KW - copy number KW - Promoters KW - Zea mays KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Kernels KW - Embryos KW - Gene silencing KW - W 30925:Genetic Engineering KW - N 14845:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20436432?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+and+Applied+Biochemistry&rft.atitle=Construction+and+evaluation+of+a+maize+%28Zea+mays%29+chimaeric+promoter+with+activity+in+kernel+endosperm+and+embryo&rft.au=Shepherd%2C+C+T%3BScott%2C+M+P&rft.aulast=Shepherd&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=233&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+and+Applied+Biochemistry&rft.issn=08854513&rft_id=info:doi/10.1042%2FBA20070269 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Endosperm; Nucleotide sequence; Transgenes; Leaves; Green fluorescent protein; pericarp; Transgenic plants; copy number; Promoters; Kernels; Polymerase chain reaction; Embryos; Gene silencing; Zea mays DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/BA20070269 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Black oat cover crop management effects on soil temperature and biological properties on a Mollisol in Texas, USA AN - 20424515; 9096073 AB - Management of a black oat (Avena strigosa [Schreb.]) cover crop by mowing method (none, flail mowing, or sickle bar mowing) affected soil micro environmental conditions and soil microbial and chemical properties. Soil temperatures at depths of 0, 5, 10 and 20 cm were highest in flail mowed treatment plots (up to near 45 °C at 5 cm depth), followed by sickle bar mowed plots (averaging 10 °C lower at 5 cm depth). Lowest soil temperatures were maintained in plots that were not mowed; averaging 5 °C lower at 5 cm depth than the sickle bar mowed plots. Increasing temperature convergence was observed below 5 cm, with the highest temperature (flail mowed treatment) at 32 °C and the lowest (not mowed) at 27 °C. Microbial biomass increased significantly (P 150 mg C kg- 1 in the early fall. beta -glucosidase and alkaline phosphatase activities decreased slowly throughout the experiment, and were significantly greater (P < 0.05) only when comparing the not mowed treatment to both mowing treatments. Dissolved organic C (DOC) decreased sharply, perhaps due to rainfall. Similarly, soil inorganic N decreased sharply, from approximately 0.025 mg N kg- 1 soil in the not mowed plots, to approximately 0.005 mg N kg- 1 during a rainy period. Immobilization of N during rapid microbial biomass growth could also explain the decrease in inorganic N. While resin-extractable P was significantly higher in the not mowed treatment, few differences in extractable P were detected between either mowing treatment during the experiment. Standing oat residues maintained higher levels of soil enzyme activities and the lowest microbial biomass, suggesting that controlling contact of crop residues with the soil may introduce a rate limiting factor for residue decomposition. The timing of residue decomposition in this system may be delayed by leaving most of the plant biomass above the ground (i.e. not mowed or sickle bar mowed). These residue management factors may be important in controlling soil nutrient transformations and soil organic matter maintenance in subtropical climates. JF - Geoderma AU - Zibilske, L M AU - Makus, D J AD - United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service, Kika de la Garza Subtropical Agricultural Research Center, 2413 E. Hwy 83, Weslaco, Texas, 78596-8344, USA, Larry.Zibilske@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 379 EP - 385 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 149 IS - 3-4 SN - 0016-7061, 0016-7061 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Soil moisture KW - Soil temperature KW - Residue KW - Mowing KW - Enzyme activity KW - crop residues KW - Residues KW - Rainfall KW - Organic matter KW - Climate KW - Temperature KW - enzymatic activity KW - Biomass KW - Decomposition KW - Maintenance KW - Crops KW - soil temperature KW - Soil KW - Avena strigosa KW - soil nutrients KW - chemical properties KW - Water springs KW - USA, Texas KW - Environmental conditions KW - plant biomass KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20424515?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geoderma&rft.atitle=Black+oat+cover+crop+management+effects+on+soil+temperature+and+biological+properties+on+a+Mollisol+in+Texas%2C+USA&rft.au=Zibilske%2C+L+M%3BMakus%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Zibilske&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=149&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=379&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geoderma&rft.issn=00167061&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geoderma.2009.01.001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - crop residues; Residues; Organic matter; Rainfall; Climate; Temperature; enzymatic activity; Biomass; Decomposition; Crops; Maintenance; Soil; soil temperature; soil nutrients; chemical properties; Water springs; Environmental conditions; plant biomass; Avena strigosa; USA, Texas DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.01.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Escherichia coli O157 : H7 glutamate- and arginine-dependent acid- resistance systems protect against oxidative stress during extreme acid challenge AN - 20411803; 9091471 AB - Micro-organisms may simultaneously encounter multiple stresses in their environment. To investigate the protection that several known Escherichia coli O157 : H7 acid-resistance systems might provide against both oxidative and acid stress, the addition of diamide, a membrane-permeable thiol-specific oxidizing agent, or hydrogen peroxide were used concurrent with acid challenge at pH 2.5 to determine bacterial survival. The addition of either diamide or hydrogen peroxide decreased bacterial survival in a dose-dependent manner for E. coli O157 : H7 during challenge at pH 2.5 following overnight growth in LB MES pH 5.5 (acid-resistance system 1, AR1). In contrast, the presence of either glutamate or arginine during challenge provided significant protection against diamide- and hydrogen peroxide- induced oxidative stress during pH 2.5 acid challenge. Oxidative stress protection during acid challenge required gadC and adiA for the glutamate- (AR2) and arginine- (AR3) dependent acid-resistance systems, respectively. In addition, maximal protection against oxidative stress in the presence of glutamate required a low external pH (pH 2.5), since pH 5.5 did not protect. This study demonstrates that the glutamate- and arginine- dependent acid-resistance systems of E. coli O157 : H7 can simultaneously protect against oxidative stress during extreme acid challenge. JF - Microbiology AU - Bearson, Bradley L AU - Lee, In Soo AU - Casey, Thomas A AD - Swine Odor and Manure Management Research Unit, USDA, ARS, National Soil Tilth Laboratory, NSRIC-2103, Ames, IA 50011, USA, brad.bearson@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 805 EP - 812 PB - Society for General Microbiology, Marlborough House, Basingstoke Road Spencers Wood Reading RG7 1AG UK, [URL:http://www.sgm.ac.uk/] VL - 155 IS - 3 SN - 1350-0872, 1350-0872 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Oxidative stress KW - Hydrogen peroxide KW - Arginine KW - Escherichia coli KW - Survival KW - Glutamic acid KW - Hydrogen KW - pH effects KW - Adia KW - Oxidizing agents KW - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment KW - J 02320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20411803?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microbiology&rft.atitle=Escherichia+coli+O157+%3A+H7+glutamate-+and+arginine-dependent+acid-+resistance+systems+protect+against+oxidative+stress+during+extreme+acid+challenge&rft.au=Bearson%2C+Bradley+L%3BLee%2C+In+Soo%3BCasey%2C+Thomas+A&rft.aulast=Bearson&rft.aufirst=Bradley&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=155&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=805&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microbiology&rft.issn=13500872&rft_id=info:doi/10.1099%2Fmic.0.022905-0 L2 - http://mic.sgmjournals.org/cgi/reprint/155/3/805.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arginine; Hydrogen peroxide; Oxidative stress; Survival; Hydrogen; Glutamic acid; pH effects; Oxidizing agents; Escherichia coli; Adia DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.022905-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Delayed conifer mortality after fuel reduction treatments: interactive effects of fuel, fire intensity, and bark beetles AN - 20409071; 9089254 AB - Many low-elevation dry forests of the western United States contain more small trees and fewer large trees, more down woody debris, and less diverse and vigorous understory plant communities compared to conditions under historical fire regimes. These altered structural conditions may contribute to increased probability of unnaturally severe wildfires, susceptibility to uncharacteristic insect outbreaks, and drought-related mortality. Broad-scale fuel reduction and restoration treatments are proposed to promote stand development on trajectories toward more sustainable structures. Little research to date, however, has quantified the effects of these treatments on the ecosystem, especially delayed and latent tree mortality resulting directly or indirectly from treatments. In this paper, we explore complex hypotheses relating to the cascade of effects that influence ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosd) and Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) mortality using structural equation modeling (SEM). We used annual census and plot data through six growing seasons after thinning and four growing seasons after burning from a replicated, operational-scale, completely randomized experiment conducted in northeastern Oregon, USA, as part of the national Fire and Fire Surrogate study. Treatments included thin, burn, thin followed by burn (thin + burn), and control. Burn and thin + burn treatments increased the proportion of dead trees while the proportion of dead trees declined or remained constant in thin and control units, although the density of dead trees was essentially unchanged with treatment. Most of the new mortality (96%) occurred within two years of treatment and was attributed to bark beetles. Bark beetle-caused tree mortality, while low overall, was greatest in thin + burn treatments. SEM results indicate that the probability of mortality of large-diameter ponderosa pine from bark beetles and wood borers was directly related to surface fire severity and bole charring, which in turn depended on fire intensity, which was greater in units where thinning increased large woody fuels. These results have implications when deciding among management options for restoring ecosystem health in similar ponderosa pine and Douglas-fir forests. JF - Ecological Applications AU - Youngblood, A AU - Grace, J B AU - McIver, J D AD - USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 1401 Gekeler Lane, LaGrande, Oregon 97850 USA, ayoungblood@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 321 EP - 337 VL - 19 IS - 2 SN - 1051-0761, 1051-0761 KW - Entomology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Burns KW - wildfire KW - Historical account KW - Scolytidae KW - thinning KW - Trees KW - Pinus ponderosa KW - Fuels KW - Forests KW - insects KW - Pinus KW - dry forests KW - bark KW - Borers KW - census KW - Mortality KW - Fires KW - Wood KW - outbreaks KW - burning KW - conifers KW - Thinning KW - Wildfire KW - plant communities KW - understory KW - Pseudotsuga menziesii KW - Census KW - Z 05340:Ecology and Behavior KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20409071?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Applications&rft.atitle=Delayed+conifer+mortality+after+fuel+reduction+treatments%3A+interactive+effects+of+fuel%2C+fire+intensity%2C+and+bark+beetles&rft.au=Youngblood%2C+A%3BGrace%2C+J+B%3BMcIver%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Youngblood&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=321&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Applications&rft.issn=10510761&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Burns; Thinning; Fires; Mortality; Wildfire; Trees; Fuels; Census; Borers; census; Historical account; wildfire; thinning; Forests; Wood; outbreaks; burning; insects; dry forests; conifers; plant communities; bark; understory; Scolytidae; Pinus ponderosa; Pseudotsuga menziesii; Pinus ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Phytoplasma Related to 'Candidates Phytoplasma asteri' Detected in Citrus Showing Huanglongbing (Yellow Shoot Disease) Symptoms in Guangdong, P. R. China AN - 20408398; 9088642 AB - Citrus huanglongbing (HLB) or yellow shoot disease (i.e., greening disease) is highly destructive to citrus production worldwide. Understanding the etiology of HLB is critical for managing the disease. HLB is currently associated with infection by 'Candidatus Liberibacter spp.' around the world, including China. However, Koch's postulates have not been fulfilled. In addition, other plant pathogens also may be involved in HLB. In a survey performed in Guangdong Province, P. R. China in 2006 and 2007, 141 citrus samples showing typical symptoms of HLB from 11 different cities were collected. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using phytoplasma-specific primer sets fU5/rU3 nested with primer set P1/P7 identified 110 (78.0%) positive samples. A 1,785-bp amplicon was obtained with primer set P1/P7. Analysis showed a 100% identity of this sequence in the region of 16S rDNA and 16S-23S rRNA intergenic transcribed spacer to three strains of 'Candidatus Phytoplasma asteri' (onion yellows [Japan], aster yellows 'watercress' [Hawaii], and valeriana yellows [Lithuania]). Of the 141 samples, 89 (63.1%) samples were positive for 'Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus'. When mixed infection was considered, 69 (48.9%) samples were positive for both 'Ca. P. asteri' and 'Ca. L. asiaticus'. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed low titers of both walled and wall-less bodies in the phloem sieve tubes of HLB citrus. When transmission from symptomatic citrus to periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus) via dodder (Cuscuta campestris) was conducted, both phytoplasma and 'Ca. L. asiaticus' were detected from the affected periwinkle. In addition to yellowing/mottling, the infected periwinkle showed symptoms of virescence and phyllody which are commonly associated with phytoplasmal diseases. TEM analysis of affected periwinkle revealed pleomorphic and wall-less organisms, characteristic of phytoplasmas, filling some phloem sieve tubes. In contrast, walled bacteria were at low titer. This study showed that in addition to 'Ca. L. asiaticus', a phytoplasma related to 'Ca. P. asteri' could also be detected in citrus showing HLB symptoms in Guangdong. JF - Phytopathology AU - Chen, J AU - Pu, X AU - Deng, X AU - Liu, S AU - Li, H AU - Civerolo, E AD - U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Parlier, CA, USA, Jianchi.chen@fresno.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 236 EP - 242 VL - 99 IS - 3 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Citrus KW - Catharanthus roseus KW - Etiology KW - Transmission electron microscopy KW - Carcinoembryonic antigen KW - Phytoplasma KW - Aster KW - Spacer KW - Pathogens KW - Greening KW - Shoots KW - Valeriana KW - rRNA KW - Yellows KW - Allium cepa KW - Cuscuta campestris KW - Yellowing KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Phloem KW - Primers KW - Phyllody KW - rRNA 16S KW - Mixed infection KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20408398?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=A+Phytoplasma+Related+to+%27Candidates+Phytoplasma+asteri%27+Detected+in+Citrus+Showing+Huanglongbing+%28Yellow+Shoot+Disease%29+Symptoms+in+Guangdong%2C+P.+R.+China&rft.au=Chen%2C+J%3BPu%2C+X%3BDeng%2C+X%3BLiu%2C+S%3BLi%2C+H%3BCiverolo%2C+E&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=236&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPHYTO-99-3-0236 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Etiology; Transmission electron microscopy; Carcinoembryonic antigen; Phytoplasma; Spacer; Pathogens; Greening; Shoots; rRNA; Yellows; Polymerase chain reaction; Yellowing; Primers; Phloem; Phyllody; rRNA 16S; Mixed infection; Citrus; Valeriana; Catharanthus roseus; Cuscuta campestris; Allium cepa; Aster DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-99-3-0236 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Conserving biodiversity using risk management: hoax or hope AN - 20408065; 9093745 AB - Biodiversity has been called a form of ecosystem insurance. According to the "insurance hypothesis", the presence of many species protects against system decline, because builtin redundancies guarantee that some species will maintain key functions even if others fail. The hypothesis might have merit, but calling it "insurance" promotes an ambiguous understanding of risk management strategies and underlying theories of risk. Instead, such redundancy suggests a strategy of diversification. A clearer understanding of risk includes comprehending the important distinction between risk assessment and risk management, acknowledging the existence of undiversifiable risk, and recognizing that risk and uncertainty are not synonymous. A better grasp of risk management will help anyone interested in assessing the merits of different biodiversity conservation strategies. At stake is the adequacy of conservation strategies for mitigating human-caused biodiversity losses. JF - Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment AU - Hummel, S AU - Donovan, G H AU - Spies, T A AU - Hemstrom, MA AD - USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Portland, OR, USA, shummel@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 103 EP - 109 VL - 7 IS - 2 SN - 1540-9295, 1540-9295 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - mitigation KW - Biological diversity KW - Biodiversity KW - Conservation KW - Insurance KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20408065?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Frontiers+in+Ecology+and+the+Environment&rft.atitle=Conserving+biodiversity+using+risk+management%3A+hoax+or+hope&rft.au=Hummel%2C+S%3BDonovan%2C+G+H%3BSpies%2C+T+A%3BHemstrom%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Hummel&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=103&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Frontiers+in+Ecology+and+the+Environment&rft.issn=15409295&rft_id=info:doi/10.1890%2F070111 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Conservation; Biodiversity; mitigation; Biological diversity; Insurance DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/070111 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fermentability of corn-lablab bean mixtures from different planting densities AN - 20406793; 9089970 AB - This study was conducted to determine silage fiber characteristics and fermentation profiles of corn (Zea mays L.) grown in mixture with lablab bean [Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet] at different planting densities. The experiment was conducted in two environments in 2005. 'Rongai' lablab bean and corn were intercropped at eight different planting densities; 20/80, 40/0, 40/40, 40/80, 60/0, 60/40, 60/80, and 80/80 thousand corn/lablab bean plants/ha. Corn in monoculture or in mixture with bean was harvested between 1/2 and 3/4 milk line. Two 1-L glass jar mini-silos per treatment per replicate plot were filled at a density of 500 g/L, eight jars per treatment per location, and stored for 40 days at room temperature (22 °C). At the time of ensiling a 500-g fresh sub-sample was also taken for dry matter (DM) and initial characterization of the corn and corn-bean mixtures. Each silo was analyzed for fiber characteristics, pH, and fermentation products. Silage crude protein (CP) concentration was on average 17.5% (86.4 g/kg DM) greater in the mixture than monoculture corn (73.5 g/kg DM). The in vitro true digestible DM (IVTDDM) concentrations in the mixtures were on average 4.6% less (796 g/kg DM) than that of monoculture corn (834 g/kg DM), but neutral detergent fiber digestibility was not different between monoculture corn and corn-lablab mixtures (P>0.05). Lactate concentration was 21.2% higher in the corn-lablab bean mixtures (60.5 g/kg DM) than monoculture corn (49.9 g/kg DM). The contribution of the lablab bean to the mixture increased as corn planting density decreased. Thus the maximum benefits to increased CP occurred in the mixtures with the lowest corn planting densities, but those mixtures also had the greatest reductions in IVTDDM. However all treatments fermented well in spite of significant (P<0.05) differences in pH and fermentation products. JF - Animal Feed Science and Technology AU - Contreras-Govea, Francisco E AU - Muck, Richard E AU - Armstrong, Kevin L AU - Albrecht, Kenneth A AD - Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1575 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, United States, Richard.Muck@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 298 EP - 306 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 140 IS - 3-4 SN - 0377-8401, 0377-8401 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Corn KW - Lablab bean KW - In vitro true digestible dry matter KW - Silage KW - Temperature effects KW - Sweet taste KW - Milk KW - Detergents KW - Fermentation KW - Planting density KW - Beans KW - Fibers KW - Zea mays KW - Digestibility KW - Lactic acid KW - Dry matter KW - Lablab KW - pH effects KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology KW - W 30935:Food Biotechnology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20406793?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Animal+Feed+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Fermentability+of+corn-lablab+bean+mixtures+from+different+planting+densities&rft.au=Contreras-Govea%2C+Francisco+E%3BMuck%2C+Richard+E%3BArmstrong%2C+Kevin+L%3BAlbrecht%2C+Kenneth+A&rft.aulast=Contreras-Govea&rft.aufirst=Francisco&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=140&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=298&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Animal+Feed+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=03778401&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.anifeedsci.2008.05.009 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Sweet taste; Milk; Fermentation; Detergents; Planting density; Beans; Silage; Fibers; Digestibility; Lactic acid; Dry matter; pH effects; Zea mays; Lablab DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2008.05.009 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Duplication of MER115 on chromosome 4 in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis AN - 20403632; 9079519 AB - AbstractBackground: Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is a complex disease with genetic and environmental influences. The disease is more prevalent in families with PBC and candidate gene case-control studies have linked PBC with DRB1*08 human leucocyte antigen class II alleles.Aims: The goal of this study was to characterize a MER115 intergenic region on chromosome 4 as a putative genetic variant associated with PBC.Methods/Results: This region was incidentally identified during investigations to discover candidate microbial agents using representational difference analysis (RDA) with liver samples from patients with PBC and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). blast search analysis of all the RDA products from the PBC liver revealed genomic sequences, whereas Escherichia coli, mycoplasma and hepatitis B virus DNA were found in the PSC liver. We identified one of the PBC RDA products as an ancestral repeat, referred to as MER115. Southern blot analysis with the PBC product uncovered a restriction fragment length polymorphism in PBC patients' liver. Southern blot hybridization signal showed increased signal intensity in PBC vs. control patients' DNA (P<0.005) and slot blot hybridization studies confirmed a copy number variation of the MER115 in hepatic DNA of PBC vs. control patients (P=0.02).Conclusions: Further comparative genetic studies will be required to determine the extent of genomic duplication associated with MER115 and provide data on the possible copy number variants of genes close to this intergenic region in patients with PBC. JF - Liver International AU - Xu, Lizhe AU - Guo, Linsheng AU - Shen, Zhiwei AU - Loss, George AU - Gish, Robert AU - Wasilenko, Shawn AU - Mason, Andrew L AD - 1 PVSS, FADDL, APHIS, USDA, Greenport, NY, USA Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 375 EP - 383 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road VL - 29 IS - 3 SN - 1478-3223, 1478-3223 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Data processing KW - Hepatitis B virus KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Leukocytes KW - primary biliary cirrhosis KW - Restriction fragment length polymorphism KW - chromosome 4 KW - copy number KW - Cholangitis KW - Escherichia coli KW - Liver KW - DNA KW - genomics KW - Mycoplasma KW - J 02400:Human Diseases KW - G 07770:Bacteria KW - V 22400:Human Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20403632?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Liver+International&rft.atitle=Duplication+of+MER115+on+chromosome+4+in+patients+with+primary+biliary+cirrhosis&rft.au=Xu%2C+Lizhe%3BGuo%2C+Linsheng%3BShen%2C+Zhiwei%3BLoss%2C+George%3BGish%2C+Robert%3BWasilenko%2C+Shawn%3BMason%2C+Andrew+L&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=Lizhe&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=375&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Liver+International&rft.issn=14783223&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1478-3231.2008.01888.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cholangitis; Data processing; Nucleotide sequence; Leukocytes; Restriction fragment length polymorphism; primary biliary cirrhosis; DNA; Liver; genomics; chromosome 4; copy number; Hepatitis B virus; Escherichia coli; Mycoplasma DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-3231.2008.01888.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Response of Dendroctonus brevicomis to different release rates of nonhost angiosperm volatiles and verbenone in trapping and tree protection studies AN - 20402755; 9079056 AB - A blend of eight nonhost angiosperm volatiles (benzyl alcohol, benzaldehyde, guaiacol, nonanal, salicylaldehyde, (E)-2-hexenal, (E)-2-hexen-1-ol and (Z)-2-hexen-1-ol) without [NAV] and with [NAVV] (-)-verbenone (4,6,6-trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one) were tested at low (L), medium (M) and high (H) release rates for their ability to reduce attraction of western pine beetle, Dendroctonus brevicomis LeConte, to attractant-baited (exo-brevicomin [racemic, 3mg/d], frontalin [racemic, 3mg/d] and myrcene [18mg/d]) multiple funnel traps. NAV-L (40mg/d) had no significant effect. Verbenone alone (50mg/d) and NAV-M (240mg/d) both significantly reduced attraction, but no significant difference was observed between the two treatment means. NAV-H (430mg/d) significantly reduced catches by 660% and 78% compared to verbenone alone and the baited control, respectively. In a second experiment, combining (-)-verbenone with NAV (NAVV) increased the effects observed in Experiment 1. NAVV-M (240mg/d) resulted in an 669% and 83% reduction in trap catch compared to verbenone alone and the baited control, respectively. Significantly fewer D. brevicomis were captured in NAVV-H (430mg/d) than any other treatment resulting in an 693% reduction in trap catch compared to the baited control. In a third experiment, NAVV was tested at three release rates for its ability to protect individual ponderosa pines, Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex Laws., from attack by D. brevicomis. Cumulative release rates varied in direct proportion to tree diameter, but represented quarter, half and full NAVV rates. NAVV significantly reduced the density of D. brevicomis attacks, D. brevicomis successful attacks, and levels of tree mortality on attractant-baited trees. Only three of 15 NAVV-treated trees died from D. brevicomis attack while 693% mortality (14/15) was observed in the untreated, baited control. Quarter and half rates were ineffective for reducing tree mortality. JF - Journal of Applied Entomology AU - Fettig, C J AU - McKelvey AU - Dabney, C P AU - Borys, R R AU - Huber, DPW AD - 1Sierra Nevada Research Center, Pacific Southwest Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Davis, CA, USA, cfettig@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 143 EP - 154 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road VL - 133 IS - 2 SN - 0931-2048, 0931-2048 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Chemoreception Abstracts; Animal Behavior Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - Pinus ponderosa KW - antiaggregation pheromone KW - nonhost volatiles KW - pest management KW - tree protection KW - Mortality KW - nonanal KW - verbenone KW - Trees KW - Guaiacol KW - Dendroctonus brevicomis KW - Myrcene KW - Trapping KW - benzyl alcohol KW - Volatiles KW - Benzaldehyde KW - Traps KW - Angiosperms KW - Y 25040:Behavioral Ecology KW - R 18050:Chemoreception correlates of behavior KW - Z 05340:Ecology and Behavior KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20402755?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Entomology&rft.atitle=Response+of+Dendroctonus+brevicomis+to+different+release+rates+of+nonhost+angiosperm+volatiles+and+verbenone+in+trapping+and+tree+protection+studies&rft.au=Fettig%2C+C+J%3BMcKelvey%3BDabney%2C+C+P%3BBorys%2C+R+R%3BHuber%2C+DPW&rft.aulast=Fettig&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=133&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=143&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Entomology&rft.issn=09312048&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1439-0418.2008.01317.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mortality; nonanal; benzyl alcohol; verbenone; Volatiles; Trees; Benzaldehyde; Guaiacol; Traps; Myrcene; Angiosperms; Trapping; Pinus ponderosa; Dendroctonus brevicomis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.2008.01317.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Osmoregulated periplasmic glucans are needed for competitive growth and biofilm formation by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium in leafy-green vegetable wash waters and colonization in mice AN - 20396991; 9074391 AB - AbstractOsmoregulated periplasmic glucans (OPGs) are major periplasmic constituents of Gram-negative bacteria. The role of OPGs has been postulated in symbiotic as well as pathogenic host-microorganism interactions. Here, we report the role of OPGs from Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium during growth and biofilm formation in leafy-green vegetable wash water. The opgGH mutant strain, which was defective in OPG biosynthesis, initiated the growth at a slower rate in wash waters obtained from spinach, lettuce and green collard and severely impaired biofilm formation. The lack of OPG synthesis did not influence biofilm formation by the opgGH mutant in low-nutrient low-osmolarity laboratory media. In coculture experiments initiated with equal proportions of cells, the opgGH mutant was outnumbered by the wild-type strain under the planktonic as well as the biofilm growth conditions. The opgGH mutant strain poorly colonized mouse organs when introduced orally along with the wild-type strain. This is the first report demonstrating the role of OPGs of Salmonella in competitive colonization of biofilms, planktonic cultures and mouse organs. JF - FEMS Microbiology Letters AU - Liu, Liu AU - Tan, Shawn AU - Jun, Won AU - Smith, Allen AU - Meng, Jianghong AU - Bhagwat, Arvind A AD - 1Produce Quality and Safety Laboratory, Henry A. Wallace Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Beltsville, MD, USA Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 13 EP - 20 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 VL - 292 IS - 1 SN - 0378-1097, 0378-1097 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - food safety KW - biofilms KW - glucans KW - vegetable wash waters KW - food microbiology KW - low osmotic environments KW - Osteoprotegerin KW - Colonization KW - Vegetables KW - Growth conditions KW - Salmonella enterica KW - Gram-negative bacteria KW - Cell culture KW - Spinacia oleracea KW - Biofilms KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - J 02430:Symbiosis, Antibiosis & Phages UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20396991?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=FEMS+Microbiology+Letters&rft.atitle=Osmoregulated+periplasmic+glucans+are+needed+for+competitive+growth+and+biofilm+formation+by+Salmonella+enterica+serovar+Typhimurium+in+leafy-green+vegetable+wash+waters+and+colonization+in+mice&rft.au=Liu%2C+Liu%3BTan%2C+Shawn%3BJun%2C+Won%3BSmith%2C+Allen%3BMeng%2C+Jianghong%3BBhagwat%2C+Arvind+A&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Liu&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=292&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=FEMS+Microbiology+Letters&rft.issn=03781097&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1574-6968.2008.01462.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Osteoprotegerin; Colonization; Vegetables; Growth conditions; Gram-negative bacteria; Cell culture; Biofilms; glucans; Salmonella enterica; Spinacia oleracea DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2008.01462.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Functional Contribution of Chorismate Synthase, Anthranilate Synthase, and Chorismate Mutase to Penetration Resistance in Bariey-Powdery Mildew Interactions AN - 20389490; 9068936 AB - Plant processes resulting from primary or secondary metabolism have been hypothesized to contribute to defense against microbial attack. Barley chorismate synthase (HvCS), anthranilate synthase a subunit 2 (HvASa2), and chorismate mutase 1 (HvCM1) occupy pivotal branch points downstream of the shikimate pathway leading to the synthesis of aromatic amino acids. Here, we provide functional evidence that these genes contribute to penetration resistance to Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei, the causal agent of powdery mildew disease. Single-cell transient-induced gene silencing of HvCS and HvCMl in mildew resistance locus a (Mla) compromised cells resulted in increased susceptibility. Correspondingly, overexpression of HvCS, HvASa2, and HvCM1 in lines carrying mildew resistance locus o (Mlo), a negative regulator of penetration resistance, significantly decreased susceptibility. Barley stripe mosaic virus-induced gene silencing of HvCS, HvASa2, and HvCM1 significantly increased B. graminis f. sp. hordei penetration into epidermal cells, followed by formation of haustoria and secondary hyphae. However, sporulation of B. graminis f. sp. hordei was not detected on the silenced host plants up to 3 weeks after inoculation. Taken together, these results establish a previously unrecognized role for the influence of HvCS, HvASa2, and HvCM1 on penetration resistance and on the rate of B. graminis f. sp. hordei development in Ma-mediated, barley-powdery mildew interactions. JF - Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions AU - Hu, P AU - Meng, Y AU - Wise, R P AD - Interdepartmental Genetics Program, Iowa State University, Department of Plant Pathology and Center for Plant Responses to Environmental Stresses, Iowa State University, and Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Iowa State University, Ames 50011-1020, USA, rpwise@iastate.edu Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 311 EP - 320 VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0894-0282, 0894-0282 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Hordeum vulgare KW - Blumeria graminis KW - Amino acids KW - Anthranilate synthase KW - Hyphae KW - Sporulation KW - Development KW - Chorismate synthase KW - Host plants KW - Powdery mildew KW - Haustoria KW - Inoculation KW - Chorismate mutase KW - Metabolism KW - Aromatics KW - Gene silencing KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - V 22310:Genetics, Taxonomy & Structure KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20389490?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Plant-Microbe+Interactions&rft.atitle=Functional+Contribution+of+Chorismate+Synthase%2C+Anthranilate+Synthase%2C+and+Chorismate+Mutase+to+Penetration+Resistance+in+Bariey-Powdery+Mildew+Interactions&rft.au=Hu%2C+P%3BMeng%2C+Y%3BWise%2C+R+P&rft.aulast=Hu&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=311&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+Plant-Microbe+Interactions&rft.issn=08940282&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FMPMI-22-3-0311 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Anthranilate synthase; Amino acids; Hyphae; Sporulation; Chorismate synthase; Development; Powdery mildew; Host plants; Haustoria; Inoculation; Chorismate mutase; Aromatics; Metabolism; Gene silencing; Hordeum vulgare; Blumeria graminis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/MPMI-22-3-0311 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular genetics of the swine major histocompatibility complex, the SLA complex AN - 20387698; 9062624 AB - The swine major histocompatibility complex (MHC) or swine leukocyte antigen (SLA) complex is one of the most gene-dense regions in the swine genome. It consists of three major gene clusters, the SLA class I, class III and class II regions, that span 1.,0.7 and 0.5 Mb, respectively, making the swine MHC the smallest among mammalian MHC so far examined and the only one known to span the centromere. This review summarizes recent updates to the Immuno Polymorphism Database-MHC (IPD-MHC) website (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ipd/mhc/sla/) which serves as the repository for maintaining a list of all SLA recognized genes and their allelic sequences. It reviews the expression of SLA proteins on cell subsets and their role in antigen presentation and regulating immune responses. It concludes by discussing the role of SLA genes in swine models of transplantation, xenotransplantation, cancer and allergy and in swine production traits and responses to infectious disease and vaccines. JF - Developmental & Comparative Immunology AU - Lunney, Joan K AU - Ho, Chak-Sum AU - Wysocki, Michal AU - Smith, Douglas M AD - USDA, ARS, BARC, APDL, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA, Joan.Lunney@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 362 EP - 374 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 33 IS - 3 SN - 0145-305X, 0145-305X KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts; Immunology Abstracts KW - Swine leukocyte antigen complex KW - SLA haplotypes KW - Swine MHC KW - Transplantation KW - Genetic control of immunity KW - Vaccination KW - Class I MHC KW - Class II MHC KW - Genomes KW - Gene polymorphism KW - Leukocytes KW - Animal models KW - Major histocompatibility complex KW - Antigen presentation KW - Cancer KW - Centromeres KW - Hypersensitivity KW - Infectious diseases KW - Reviews KW - Gene clusters KW - Xenografts KW - Vaccines KW - G 07730:Development & Cell Cycle KW - F 06920:Transplantation KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20387698?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Developmental+%26+Comparative+Immunology&rft.atitle=Molecular+genetics+of+the+swine+major+histocompatibility+complex%2C+the+SLA+complex&rft.au=Lunney%2C+Joan+K%3BHo%2C+Chak-Sum%3BWysocki%2C+Michal%3BSmith%2C+Douglas+M&rft.aulast=Lunney&rft.aufirst=Joan&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=362&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Developmental+%26+Comparative+Immunology&rft.issn=0145305X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.dci.2008.07.002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Gene polymorphism; Leukocytes; Animal models; Major histocompatibility complex; Antigen presentation; Cancer; Centromeres; Hypersensitivity; Infectious diseases; Reviews; Gene clusters; Vaccines; Xenografts DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dci.2008.07.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of pH, salt, and temperature on pressure inactivation of hepatitis A virus AN - 20384178; 9057301 AB - The effects of pH (3-7), NaCl (0-6%), and temperature on pressure inactivation of hepatitis A virus (HAV) were determined. The HAV samples were treated at 400 MPa for 1 min at 5, 20, and 50 °C. Decreasing solution pH enhanced pressure inactivation of HAV. This enhanced inactivation effect was most evident at 20 °C. A baroprotective effect was observed for NaCl concentrations from 1 to 6%. For example, a treatment of 400 MegaPascals (MPa) for 1 min at 50 °C reduced the HAV titers by 4.0, 4.1, 1.3 and 0.4 log plaque forming units (PFU)/ml for NaCl concentrations of 0, 1, 3, and 6%, respectively. Overall, increasing the treatment temperature enhanced pressure inactivation of HAV in the solutions. The pressure resistance of HAV in oysters was also examined. Temperature in the range of 5 to 50 °C did not significantly affect the pressure inactivation of HAV within oyster homogenates. It is concluded that HPP treatment of oysters at temperatures above room temperature would not provide any additional benefit for inactivation of HAV. However, the observation that HAV inactivation is enhanced in acidic matrices is information that may be useful for designing product formulations and processing parameters for high pressure processing of products such as low pH fruit juices and salsa. JF - International Journal of Food Microbiology AU - Kingsley, David H AU - Chen, Haiqiang AD - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Microbial Food Safety Research Unit, W. W. Baker Center, Delaware State University, Dover, DE 19901, United States, david.kingsley@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 61 EP - 64 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 130 IS - 1 SN - 0168-1605, 0168-1605 KW - Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - High pressure processing KW - Inactivation of viruses KW - Hepatitis A virus KW - pH KW - Salt KW - Oysters KW - Temperature effects KW - Salts KW - Fruit juices KW - Plaques KW - Pressure KW - pH effects KW - Sodium chloride KW - V 22410:Animal Diseases KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20384178?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Food+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Influence+of+pH%2C+salt%2C+and+temperature+on+pressure+inactivation+of+hepatitis+A+virus&rft.au=Kingsley%2C+David+H%3BChen%2C+Haiqiang&rft.aulast=Kingsley&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=130&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=61&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Food+Microbiology&rft.issn=01681605&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ijfoodmicro.2009.01.004 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Fruit juices; Salts; Plaques; Pressure; pH effects; Sodium chloride; Hepatitis A virus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2009.01.004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transcript analysis of nrrF, a Fur repressed sRNA of Neisseria gonorrhoeae AN - 20381181; 9056568 AB - Like most microorganisms, Neisseria gonorrhoeae alters gene expression in response to iron availability. The ferric uptake regulator Fur has been shown to be involved in controlling this response, but the extent of this involvement remains unknown. It is known that in addition to working directly to repress gene expression, Fur may also work indirectly by controlling additional regulatory elements. Using in silico analysis, we identified a putative small RNA (sRNA) homolog of the meningococcal nrrF locus, and demonstrate that this sRNA is iron-repressible, suggesting that this is the gonococcal analog of the rhyB locus in Escherichia coli. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR analysis indicates that this transcript may also be temporally regulated. Transcript analysis identified the 5' start of the transcript, using a single reaction, fluorescent-based, primer extension assay. This protocol allows for the rapid identification of transcriptional start sites of RNA transcripts, and could be used for high-throughput transcript mapping. JF - Microbial Pathogenesis AU - Ducey, T F AU - Jackson, L AU - Orvis, J AU - Dyer, D W AD - University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA, Thomas.Ducey@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 166 EP - 170 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 46 IS - 3 SN - 0882-4010, 0882-4010 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Gene expression KW - RNA KW - Regulatory sequences KW - Escherichia coli KW - Microorganisms KW - Transcription KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Primers KW - Neisseria meningitidis KW - Iron KW - Neisseria gonorrhoeae KW - J 02310:Genetics & Taxonomy KW - N 14830:RNA KW - A 01300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20381181?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microbial+Pathogenesis&rft.atitle=Transcript+analysis+of+nrrF%2C+a+Fur+repressed+sRNA+of+Neisseria+gonorrhoeae&rft.au=Ducey%2C+T+F%3BJackson%2C+L%3BOrvis%2C+J%3BDyer%2C+D+W&rft.aulast=Ducey&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=166&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microbial+Pathogenesis&rft.issn=08824010&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.micpath.2008.12.003 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Gene expression; RNA; Regulatory sequences; Microorganisms; Polymerase chain reaction; Transcription; Primers; Iron; Escherichia coli; Neisseria meningitidis; Neisseria gonorrhoeae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2008.12.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A novel approach to biological control with entomopathogenic nematodes: Prophylactic control of the peachtree borer, Synanthedon exitiosa AN - 20347879; 9011978 AB - Generally, microbial control agents such as entomopathogenic nematodes are applied in a curative manner for achieving pest suppression; prophylactic applications are rare. In this study, we determined the ability of two Steinernema carpocapsae strains (All and Hybrid) to prophylactically protect peach trees from damage caused by the peachtree borer, Synanthedon exitiosa, which is a major pest of stone fruit trees in North America. In prior studies, the entomopathogenic nematodes S. carpocapsae and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora caused field suppression when applied in a curative manner to established S. exitiosa populations. In our current study, nematodes were applied three times (at 150,000 -300,000 infective juveniles/tree) during September and October of 2005, 2006, and 2007. A control (water only) and a single application of chlorpyrifos (at the labeled rate) were also made each year. The presence of S. exitiosa damage was assessed each year in the spring following the treatment applications. Following applications in 2006, we did not detect any differences among treatments or the control (possibly due to a low and variable S. exitiosa infestation of that orchard). Following applications in 2005 and 2007, however, the nematode and chemical treatments caused significant damage suppression. The percentage of trees with S. exitiosa damage in treated plots ranged from 0% damage in 2005 to 16% in plots treated with S. carpocapsae (Hybrid) in 2007. In control plots damage ranged from 25% (2005) to 41% (2007). Our results indicate that nematodes applied in a preventative manner during S. exitios's oviposition period can reduce insect damage to levels similar to what is achieved with recommended chemical insecticide treatments. JF - Biological Control AU - Shapiro-Ilan, David I AU - Cottrell, Ted E AU - Mizell, Russell F AU - Horton, Dan L AU - Davis, Jerry AD - USDA-ARS, Southeastern Fruit and Tree Nut Research Laboratory, 21 Dunbar Road, Byron, GA 31008, USA, David.Shapiro@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 259 EP - 263 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 48 IS - 3 SN - 1049-9644, 1049-9644 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Entomology Abstracts KW - Biological control KW - Entomopathogenic nematode KW - Heterorhabditis KW - Peachtree borer KW - Prophylactic KW - Steinernema KW - Synanthedon exitiosa KW - Steinernema carpocapsae KW - Trees KW - Fruit trees KW - Orchards KW - Heterorhabditis bacteriophora KW - Prunus KW - Chlorpyrifos KW - Infestation KW - Insecticides KW - Hybrids KW - Pests KW - Oviposition KW - Nematoda KW - Borers KW - A 01370:Biological Control KW - Z 05330:Reproduction and Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20347879?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biological+Control&rft.atitle=A+novel+approach+to+biological+control+with+entomopathogenic+nematodes%3A+Prophylactic+control+of+the+peachtree+borer%2C+Synanthedon+exitiosa&rft.au=Shapiro-Ilan%2C+David+I%3BCottrell%2C+Ted+E%3BMizell%2C+Russell+F%3BHorton%2C+Dan+L%3BDavis%2C+Jerry&rft.aulast=Shapiro-Ilan&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=259&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biological+Control&rft.issn=10499644&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biocontrol.2008.10.008 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chlorpyrifos; Biological control; Infestation; Insecticides; Trees; Fruit trees; Hybrids; Pests; Oviposition; Orchards; Borers; Steinernema carpocapsae; Nematoda; Heterorhabditis bacteriophora; Prunus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2008.10.008 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pseudacteon decapitating flies (Diptera: Phoridae): Are they potential vectors of the fire ant pathogens Kneallhazia (=Thelohania) solenopsae (Microsporidia: Thelohaniidae) and Vairimorpha invictae (Microsporidia: Burenellidae)? AN - 20342443; 9011986 AB - Fire ant decapitating flies in the genus Pseudacteon were tested for their potential as hosts or vectors of two microsporidian pathogens of the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta. Decapitating flies that attacked or were reared from S. invicta workers infected by Kneallhazia (=Thelohania) solenopsae or Vairimorpha invictae were tested for either pathogen by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests or visual examination for spores using phase microscopy. Three species of fire ant decapitating flies acquired the pathogen, Kneallhazia solenopsae. K. solenopsae was detected in 58% of pooled samples of Pseudacteon obtusus flies and 44% of pooled samples of Pseudacteon cultellatus that developed in K. solenopsae-infected fire ant workers. K. solenopsae was also found in 17% of pooled samples of field-collected Pseudacteon curvatus. In contrast, the microsporidium V. invictae was not detected in P. obtusus reared from V. invictae-infected S. invicta workers. Neither K. solenopsae nor V. invictae were detected in any of the hovering or ovipositing flies in the laboratory exposures, indicating no mechanical acquisition of the microsporidia occurred during oviposition activity. Greater than 92% of the P. obtusus that developed in K. solenopsae-infected ants survived and emerged as adults, thus indicating no detrimental effects of the microsporidium on pupal development and emergence. These results indicate that Pseudacteon decapitating flies may be able to vector K. solenopsae but not V. invictae among fire ants. Further tests are planned to determine if flies containing K. solenopsae are capable of transferring this pathogen either during oviposition or by being consumed by fire ant larvae. JF - Biological Control AU - Oi, David H AU - Porter, Sanford D AU - Valles, Steven M AU - Briano, Juan A AU - Calcaterra, Luis A AD - USDA-ARS, Center for Medical, Agricultural, & Veterinary Entomology, 1600 SW 23rd Drive, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA, david.oi@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 310 EP - 315 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 48 IS - 3 SN - 1049-9644, 1049-9644 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Entomology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Solenopsis invicta KW - Red imported fire ant KW - Pseudacteon KW - Phorid fly KW - Biological control KW - Parasite KW - Pathogen KW - Entomopathogen KW - Microsporidia KW - Vector KW - Microsporidium KW - Formicidae KW - Vectors KW - Thelohaniidae KW - Pathogens KW - Vairimorpha KW - Workers KW - microsporidia KW - Microscopy KW - Phoridae KW - Pseudacteon cultellatus KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Spores KW - Diptera KW - Oviposition KW - A 01370:Biological Control KW - Z 05330:Reproduction and Development KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20342443?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biological+Control&rft.atitle=Pseudacteon+decapitating+flies+%28Diptera%3A+Phoridae%29%3A+Are+they+potential+vectors+of+the+fire+ant+pathogens+Kneallhazia+%28%3DThelohania%29+solenopsae+%28Microsporidia%3A+Thelohaniidae%29+and+Vairimorpha+invictae+%28Microsporidia%3A+Burenellidae%29%3F&rft.au=Oi%2C+David+H%3BPorter%2C+Sanford+D%3BValles%2C+Steven+M%3BBriano%2C+Juan+A%3BCalcaterra%2C+Luis+A&rft.aulast=Oi&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=310&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biological+Control&rft.issn=10499644&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biocontrol.2008.11.003 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological control; microsporidia; Workers; Microscopy; Polymerase chain reaction; Vectors; Pathogens; Spores; Oviposition; Solenopsis invicta; Pseudacteon; Microsporidium; Microsporidia; Formicidae; Pseudacteon cultellatus; Phoridae; Thelohaniidae; Vairimorpha; Diptera DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2008.11.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field assessment of host plant specificity and potential effectiveness of a prospective biological control agent, Aceria salsolae, of Russian thistle, Salsola tragus AN - 20342400; 9011975 AB - The eriophyid mite, Aceria salsolae de Lillo and Sobhian, is being evaluated as a prospective classical biological control agent of invasive alien tumbleweeds, including Salsola tragus, S. collina, S. paulsenii and S. australis, in North America. Previous laboratory experiments to determine the host specificity of the mite indicated that it could sometimes persist and multiply on some nontarget plants, including Bassia hyssopifolia and B. scoparia. These are both European plants whose geographic range overlaps that of the mite, but the mite has never been observed on them in the field. A field experiment was conducted in Italy to determine if the mite would infest and damage these plants under natural outdoor conditions. The results indicate that this mite does not attain significant populations on these nontarget plants nor does it significantly damage them. Salsola tragus was heavily infested by A. salsolae, and plant size was negatively correlated to the level of infestation. Although S. kali plants were also infested, their size did not appear to be affected by the mites. The other nontarget plants were not as suitable for the mite in the field as in previous laboratory experiments. We conclude that there would be no significant risk to nontarget plants as a result of using A. salsolae as a biological agent to control Salsola species in North America. JF - Biological Control AU - Smith, Lincoln AU - Cristofaro, Massimo AU - de Lillo, Enrico AU - Monfreda, Rosita AU - Paolini, Alessandra AD - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, 800 Buchanan St., Albany, CA 94710, USA, link.smith@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 237 EP - 243 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 48 IS - 3 SN - 1049-9644, 1049-9644 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Entomology Abstracts KW - Acari KW - Eriophyidae KW - Weed control KW - Chenopodiaceae KW - Field assay KW - Nontarget host KW - Host plant specificity KW - Kochia KW - Aceria salsolae KW - Tumbleweed KW - Biological control KW - Host specificity KW - Salsola KW - Infestation KW - Scoparia KW - Bassia hyssopifolia KW - Host plants KW - Tragus KW - Z 05350:Medical, Veterinary, and Agricultural Entomology KW - A 01370:Biological Control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20342400?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biological+Control&rft.atitle=Field+assessment+of+host+plant+specificity+and+potential+effectiveness+of+a+prospective+biological+control+agent%2C+Aceria+salsolae%2C+of+Russian+thistle%2C+Salsola+tragus&rft.au=Smith%2C+Lincoln%3BCristofaro%2C+Massimo%3Bde+Lillo%2C+Enrico%3BMonfreda%2C+Rosita%3BPaolini%2C+Alessandra&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Lincoln&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=237&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biological+Control&rft.issn=10499644&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biocontrol.2008.11.007 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological control; Host specificity; Infestation; Host plants; Salsola; Scoparia; Bassia hyssopifolia; Tragus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2008.11.007 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Review: Nosema pyrausta: Its biology, history, and potential role in a landscape of transgenic insecticidal crops AN - 20338375; 9011973 AB - Nosema pyrausta, an entomopathogenic microsporidium, is an important population regulator of the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis. This manuscript is a review of research on the relationships between N. pyrausta and O. nubilalis. N. pyrausta was described from O. nubilalis in Hungary in 1927 and from O. nubilalis in IA in 1950. It affects the basic biology of O. nubilalis by slowing larval development, reducing percentage pupation, and decreasing adult longevity, oviposition and fecundity. Infections are maintained in a population by vertical and horizontal transmission. Success of vertical transmission depends on intensity of infection. Horizontal transmission is dependent on stage of larval development at time of infection, quantity of inoculum, and host density. Abiotic and biotic factors coupled with N. pyrausta usually have an additive effect in decreasing the fitness of O. nubilalis, i.e., cold temperatures reduce fecundity and increase larval mortality, host plant resistance reduces the number of larvae per plant. Also, microbial and chemical insecticides are more effective in reducing plant feeding if the insect is infected with N. pyrausta. Predators in general feed on N. pyrausta-infected O. nubilalis with no decrease in fitness. Parasitoids do coexist with N. pyrausta, however, parasitoid fecundity is usually reduced when developing in a N. pyrausta-infected host. Previously unreported data are presented on the prevalence of N. pyrausta in O. nubilalis populations from many parts of the US. These data demonstrate that N. pyrausta continues to be present and fluctuate in populations of O. nubilalis as it has since its discovery in the US. Also, the dynamics of its presence remain similar through changes in corn production including crop rotations, reduced tillage and transgenic insect-resistant varieties. JF - Biological Control AU - Lewis, Leslie C AU - Bruck, Denny J AU - Prasifka, Jarrad R AU - Raun, Earle S AD - USDA-ARS, Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research Unit, Genetics Laboratory, Ames, IA 50011, USA, leslewis@iastate.edu Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 223 EP - 231 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 48 IS - 3 SN - 1049-9644, 1049-9644 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Microsporidia KW - Ostrinia nubilalis KW - Biological control KW - Nosema pyrausta KW - Fitness KW - Predators KW - Infection KW - Crops KW - Disease transmission KW - Insecticides KW - Inoculum KW - Temperature effects KW - Mortality KW - Feeding KW - Crop KW - Microsporidium KW - Data processing KW - Nosema KW - Landscape KW - Developmental stages KW - Pupation KW - Host plants KW - Longevity KW - Crop rotation KW - Fecundity KW - Tillage KW - Reviews KW - Pyrausta KW - Oviposition KW - Parasitoids KW - W 30925:Genetic Engineering KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - A 01370:Biological Control KW - Z 05330:Reproduction and Development KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20338375?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biological+Control&rft.atitle=Review%3A+Nosema+pyrausta%3A+Its+biology%2C+history%2C+and+potential+role+in+a+landscape+of+transgenic+insecticidal+crops&rft.au=Lewis%2C+Leslie+C%3BBruck%2C+Denny+J%3BPrasifka%2C+Jarrad+R%3BRaun%2C+Earle+S&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=Leslie&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=223&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biological+Control&rft.issn=10499644&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biocontrol.2008.10.009 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological control; Fitness; Temperature effects; Feeding; Mortality; Crop; Data processing; Landscape; Developmental stages; Predators; Pupation; Infection; Host plants; Crops; Longevity; Disease transmission; Crop rotation; Fecundity; Insecticides; Reviews; Tillage; Inoculum; Oviposition; Parasitoids; Microsporidium; Nosema; Pyrausta; Ostrinia nubilalis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2008.10.009 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Size distributions of manure particles released under simulated rainfall AN - 20251476; 8872113 AB - Manure and animal waste deposited on cropland and grazing lands serve as a source of microorganisms, some of which may be pathogenic. These microorganisms are released along with particles of dissolved manure during rainfall events. Relatively little if anything is known about the amounts and sizes of manure particles released during rainfall, that subsequently may serve as carriers, abode, and nutritional source for microorganisms. The objective of this work was to obtain and present the first experimental data on sizes of bovine manure particles released to runoff during simulated rainfall and leached through soil during subsequent infiltration. Experiments were conducted using 200cm long boxes containing turfgrass soil sod; the boxes were designed so that rates of manure dissolution and subsequent infiltration and runoff could be monitored independently. Dairy manure was applied on the upper portion of boxes. Simulated rainfall (ca. 32.4mmh super(-) super(1)) was applied for 90min on boxes with stands of either live or dead grass. Electrical conductivity, turbidity, and particle size distributions obtained from laser diffractometry were determined in manure runoff and soil leachate samples. Turbidity of leachates and manure runoff samples decreased exponentially. Turbidity of manure runoff samples was on average 20% less than turbidity of soil leachate samples. Turbidity of leachate samples from boxes with dead grass was on average 30% less than from boxes with live grass. Particle size distributions in manure runoff and leachate suspensions remained remarkably stable after 15min of runoff initiation, although the turbidity continued to decrease. Particles had the median diameter of 3.8km, and 90% of particles were between 0.6 and 17.8km. The particle size distributions were not affected by the grass status. Because manure particles are known to affect transport and retention of microbial pathogens in soil, more information needs to be collected about the concurrent release of pathogens and manure particles during rainfall events. JF - Journal of Environmental Management AU - Pachepsky, YA AU - Guber, A K AU - Shelton AU - McCarty, G W AD - Environmental Microbial Safety Laboratory, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Building 173, Barc-East, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA, yakov.pachepsky@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 1365 EP - 1369 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 90 IS - 3 SN - 0301-4797, 0301-4797 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Animal wastes KW - Manure KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - A 01400:Soil Microbes KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20251476?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=Size+distributions+of+manure+particles+released+under+simulated+rainfall&rft.au=Pachepsky%2C+YA%3BGuber%2C+A+K%3BShelton%3BMcCarty%2C+G+W&rft.aulast=Pachepsky&rft.aufirst=YA&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=90&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1365&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Management&rft.issn=03014797&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jenvman.2008.08.001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Manure; Animal wastes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2008.08.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genotypic variability in mineral composition of switchgrass AN - 19589002; 8846349 AB - Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is a warm season perennial grass with great potential as an energy crop in the USA. It is widely adapted to many regions of the country, produces large amounts of biomass, serves as a useful forage grass, and provides ecosystem services that benefit soil and water quality and wildlife. Biological and thermochemical technologies are being developed to convert herbaceous biomass, including switchgrass, to energy. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of genotype and production environment on the concentration of minerals that affect the suitability of switchgrass for thermochemical conversion and to quantify the amount of potassium (K) and phosphorus (P) removed from the production system by harvest of the aboveground biomass, a measure of the sustainability of the practice. Straw dry biomass contained from 1.3 to 6.4 kg Mg super(-1) and from 6.2 to 15.8 kg Mg super(-1) of P and K, respectively. Variability in aluminum (Al), calcium (Ca), chloride (Cl), K, P, silicon (Si), and sulfur (S) concentrations across locations was relatively high, ranging from twofold (Al) to eightfold (Cl). Location had a strong impact on mineral concentrations among switchgrass genotypes evaluated in this study. Latitude of origin impacted the Cl and Si concentrations measured in plant tissues, but none of the other minerals analyzed in this study. Upland and lowland cytotypes explained some of the observed differences, but population x location interactions were the primary source of variability in the concentration of these minerals. JF - Bioresource Technology AU - El-Nashaar, H M AU - Banowetz, G M AU - Griffith, S M AU - Casler, MD AU - Vogel, K P AD - USDA/ARS, 3450 S.W. Campus Way, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA, banowetg@onid.orst.edu Y1 - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DA - Mar 2009 SP - 1809 EP - 1814 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 100 IS - 5 SN - 0960-8524, 0960-8524 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Bioenergy KW - Biomass feedstock KW - Silica KW - Thermochemical KW - Sulfur KW - water quality KW - Silicon KW - Calcium KW - Grasses KW - Chlorides KW - Phosphorus KW - Chloride KW - Genotypes KW - Water quality KW - Crops KW - Soil KW - mineral composition KW - Calcium chloride KW - sustainability KW - Straw KW - Panicum virgatum KW - Wildlife KW - Potassium KW - Biomass KW - USA KW - Energy KW - forage KW - Aluminum KW - latitude KW - Minerals KW - Technology KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - W 30945:Fermentation & Cell Culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19589002?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioresource+Technology&rft.atitle=Genotypic+variability+in+mineral+composition+of+switchgrass&rft.au=El-Nashaar%2C+H+M%3BBanowetz%2C+G+M%3BGriffith%2C+S+M%3BCasler%2C+MD%3BVogel%2C+K+P&rft.aulast=El-Nashaar&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.volume=100&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1809&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioresource+Technology&rft.issn=09608524&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biortech.2008.09.058 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sulfur; Silicon; Grasses; Wildlife; Phosphorus; Potassium; Chloride; Genotypes; Water quality; Biomass; Crops; Soil; Energy; Aluminum; Calcium chloride; Straw; Minerals; water quality; Calcium; Chlorides; mineral composition; forage; sustainability; latitude; Technology; Panicum virgatum; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2008.09.058 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The alkaloid profiles of Lupinus sulphureus. AN - 66934842; 19182952 AB - Lupines are common plants on the rangelands in the western United States. Lupines contain alkaloids that can be toxic and teratogenic causing congenital birth defects (crooked calf disease). One such lupine, Lupinus sulphureus, occurs in parts of Oregon, Washington, and British Columbia. Specimens of L. sulphureus from field collections and herbaria were evaluated taxonomically and by chemical means. A total of seven distinct alkaloid profiles and the individual alkaloids associated with each profile were identified. Each alkaloid profile was unique in its geographical distribution and its potential risk to livestock. In conclusion, taxonomic classification is not sufficient to determine risk, as chemical characterization of the alkaloids must also be performed. JF - Journal of agricultural and food chemistry AU - Cook, Daniel AU - Lee, Stephen T AU - Gardner, Dale R AU - Pfister, James A AU - Welch, Kevin D AU - Green, Benedict T AU - Davis, T Zane AU - Panter, Kip E AD - Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 1150 E. 1400 N., Logan, Utah 84341, USA. daniel.cook@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/02/25/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Feb 25 SP - 1646 EP - 1653 VL - 57 IS - 4 KW - Alkaloids KW - 0 KW - Teratogens KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - Cattle KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced -- veterinary KW - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry KW - Teratogens -- toxicity KW - Cattle Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Lupinus -- classification KW - Alkaloids -- toxicity KW - Alkaloids -- classification KW - Alkaloids -- analysis KW - Lupinus -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66934842?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+agricultural+and+food+chemistry&rft.atitle=The+alkaloid+profiles+of+Lupinus+sulphureus.&rft.au=Cook%2C+Daniel%3BLee%2C+Stephen+T%3BGardner%2C+Dale+R%3BPfister%2C+James+A%3BWelch%2C+Kevin+D%3BGreen%2C+Benedict+T%3BDavis%2C+T+Zane%3BPanter%2C+Kip+E&rft.aulast=Cook&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2009-02-25&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1646&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+agricultural+and+food+chemistry&rft.issn=1520-5118&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fjf803468q LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-04-21 N1 - Date created - 2009-02-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf803468q ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulating soil organic matter with CQESTR (v. 2.0): Model description and validation against long-term experiments across North America AN - 20282738; 8938358 AB - Soil carbon (C) models are important tools for examining complex interactions between climate, crop and soil management practices, and to evaluate the long-term effects of management practices on C-storage potential in soils. CQESTR is a process-based carbon balance model that relates crop residue additions and crop and soil management to soil organic matter (SOM) accretion or loss. This model was developed for national use in U.S and calibrated initially in the Pacific Northwest. Our objectives were: (i) to revise the model, making it more applicable for wider geographic areas including potential international application, by modifying the thermal effect and incorporating soil texture and drainage effects, and (ii) to recalibrate and validate it for an extended range of soil properties and climate conditions. The current version of CQESTR (v. 2.0) is presented with the algorithms necessary to simulate SOM at field scale. Input data for SOM calculation include crop rotation, aboveground and belowground biomass additions, tillage, weather, and the nitrogen content of crop residues and any organic amendments. The model was validated with long-term data from across North America. Regression analysis of 306 pairs of predicted and measured SOM data under diverse climate, soil texture and drainage classes, and agronomic practices at 13 agricultural sites having a range of SOM (7.3-57.9gSOMkg super(-) super(1)), resulted in a linear relationship with an r super(2) of 0.95 (P<0.0001) and a 95% confidence interval of 4.3gSOMkg super(-) super(1). Using the same data the version 1.0 of CQESTR had an r super(2) of 0.71 with a 95% confidence interval of 5.5gSOMkg super(-) super(1). The model can be used as a tool to predict and evaluate SOM changes from various management practices and offers the potential to estimate C accretion required for C credits. JF - Ecological Modelling AU - Liang, Y AU - Gollany, H T AU - Rickman, R W AU - Albrecht, S L AU - Follett, R F AU - Wilhelm, W W AU - Novak, J M AU - Douglas, CL AD - Columbia Plateau Conservation Research Center, P.O. Box. 370, Pendleton, OR 97801, United States, hero.gollany@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/02/24/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Feb 24 SP - 568 EP - 581 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 220 IS - 4 SN - 0304-3800, 0304-3800 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - crop rotation KW - Weather KW - crop residues KW - Data processing KW - Drainage KW - Organic matter KW - Climate KW - Soil texture KW - Soils (organic) KW - Biomass KW - INE, USA, Pacific Northwest KW - Crops KW - Soil KW - soil texture KW - Carbon KW - soil properties KW - tillage KW - Nitrogen KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04030:Models, Methods, Remote Sensing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20282738?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Modelling&rft.atitle=Simulating+soil+organic+matter+with+CQESTR+%28v.+2.0%29%3A+Model+description+and+validation+against+long-term+experiments+across+North+America&rft.au=Liang%2C+Y%3BGollany%2C+H+T%3BRickman%2C+R+W%3BAlbrecht%2C+S+L%3BFollett%2C+R+F%3BWilhelm%2C+W+W%3BNovak%2C+J+M%3BDouglas%2C+CL&rft.aulast=Liang&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2009-02-24&rft.volume=220&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=568&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Modelling&rft.issn=03043800&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ecolmodel.2008.11.012 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Carbon; Data processing; Organic matter; Drainage; Climate; Soil texture; Soils (organic); Crops; crop rotation; Soil; Weather; soil texture; crop residues; soil properties; tillage; Biomass; Nitrogen; INE, USA, Pacific Northwest DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2008.11.012 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Determination of Biogenic Amines with HPLC-APCI-MS T2 - 60th Annual Meeting of the Pacific Fisheries Technologists (PFT 2009) AN - 41793926; 5051273 JF - 60th Annual Meeting of the Pacific Fisheries Technologists (PFT 2009) AU - Wu, Ted Y1 - 2009/02/22/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Feb 22 KW - Amines KW - Biogenic amines KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41793926?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=60th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Pacific+Fisheries+Technologists+%28PFT+2009%29&rft.atitle=Determination+of+Biogenic+Amines+with+HPLC-APCI-MS&rft.au=Wu%2C+Ted&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=Ted&rft.date=2009-02-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=60th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Pacific+Fisheries+Technologists+%28PFT+2009%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://osuseafoodlab.oregonstate.edu/pft/program.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Properties of Pollock Stick Water and Fractions Separated by Membrane Filtration T2 - 60th Annual Meeting of the Pacific Fisheries Technologists (PFT 2009) AN - 41788507; 5051257 JF - 60th Annual Meeting of the Pacific Fisheries Technologists (PFT 2009) AU - Bechtel, Peter Y1 - 2009/02/22/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Feb 22 KW - Membranes KW - Filtration KW - Membrane filtration KW - Marine fish KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41788507?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=60th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Pacific+Fisheries+Technologists+%28PFT+2009%29&rft.atitle=Properties+of+Pollock+Stick+Water+and+Fractions+Separated+by+Membrane+Filtration&rft.au=Bechtel%2C+Peter&rft.aulast=Bechtel&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2009-02-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=60th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Pacific+Fisheries+Technologists+%28PFT+2009%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://osuseafoodlab.oregonstate.edu/pft/program.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Utilizing Salmon Byproducts after Extraction of PUFA-rich Oils T2 - 60th Annual Meeting of the Pacific Fisheries Technologists (PFT 2009) AN - 41785051; 5051278 JF - 60th Annual Meeting of the Pacific Fisheries Technologists (PFT 2009) AU - Bower, Cindy Y1 - 2009/02/22/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Feb 22 KW - Byproducts KW - Oil KW - Salmon KW - Anadromous species KW - Salmonidae KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41785051?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=60th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Pacific+Fisheries+Technologists+%28PFT+2009%29&rft.atitle=Utilizing+Salmon+Byproducts+after+Extraction+of+PUFA-rich+Oils&rft.au=Bower%2C+Cindy&rft.aulast=Bower&rft.aufirst=Cindy&rft.date=2009-02-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=60th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Pacific+Fisheries+Technologists+%28PFT+2009%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://osuseafoodlab.oregonstate.edu/pft/program.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Concentrated Surimi Wash Water Protein T2 - 60th Annual Meeting of the Pacific Fisheries Technologists (PFT 2009) AN - 41782936; 5051280 JF - 60th Annual Meeting of the Pacific Fisheries Technologists (PFT 2009) AU - Stine, Jesse Y1 - 2009/02/22/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Feb 22 KW - Proteins KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41782936?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=60th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Pacific+Fisheries+Technologists+%28PFT+2009%29&rft.atitle=Concentrated+Surimi+Wash+Water+Protein&rft.au=Stine%2C+Jesse&rft.aulast=Stine&rft.aufirst=Jesse&rft.date=2009-02-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=60th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Pacific+Fisheries+Technologists+%28PFT+2009%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://osuseafoodlab.oregonstate.edu/pft/program.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ceramide synthase inhibition by fumonisin B1 causes accumulation of 1-deoxysphinganine: a novel category of bioactive 1-deoxysphingoid bases and 1-deoxydihydroceramides biosynthesized by mammalian cell lines and animals. AN - 66926506; 19095642 AB - Fumonisin B(1) (FB(1)) is a mycotoxin that inhibits ceramide synthases (CerS) and causes kidney and liver toxicity and other disease. Inhibition of CerS by FB(1) increases sphinganine (Sa), Sa 1-phosphate, and a previously unidentified metabolite. Analysis of the latter by quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry assigned an m/z = 286.3123 in positive ionization mode, consistent with the molecular formula for deoxysphinganine (C(18)H(40)NO). Comparison with a synthetic standard using liquid chromatography, electrospray tandem mass spectrometry identified the metabolite as 1-deoxysphinganine (1-deoxySa) based on LC mobility and production of a distinctive fragment ion (m/z 44, CH(3)CH=NH (+)(2)) upon collision-induced dissociation. This novel sphingoid base arises from condensation of alanine with palmitoyl-CoA via serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT), as indicated by incorporation of l-[U-(13)C]alanine into 1-deoxySa by Vero cells; inhibition of its production in LLC-PK(1) cells by myriocin, an SPT inhibitor; and the absence of incorporation of [U-(13)C]palmitate into 1-[(13)C]deoxySa in LY-B cells, which lack SPT activity. LY-B-LCB1 cells, in which SPT has been restored by stable transfection, however, produce large amounts of 1-[(13)C]deoxySa. 1-DeoxySa was elevated in FB(1)-treated cells and mouse liver and kidney, and its cytotoxicity was greater than or equal to that of Sa for LLC-PK(1) and DU-145 cells. Therefore, this compound is likely to contribute to pathologies associated with fumonisins. In the absence of FB(1), substantial amounts of 1-deoxySa are made and acylated to N-acyl-1-deoxySa (i.e. 1-deoxydihydroceramides). Thus, these compounds are an underappreciated category of bioactive sphingoid bases and "ceramides" that might play important roles in cell regulation. JF - The Journal of biological chemistry AU - Zitomer, Nicholas C AU - Mitchell, Trevor AU - Voss, Kenneth A AU - Bondy, Genevieve S AU - Pruett, Sarah T AU - Garnier-Amblard, Ethel C AU - Liebeskind, Lanny S AU - Park, Hyejung AU - Wang, Elaine AU - Sullards, M Cameron AU - Merrill, Alfred H AU - Riley, Ronald T AD - Toxicology and Mycotoxin Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Athens, Georgia 30604, USA. Y1 - 2009/02/20/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Feb 20 SP - 4786 EP - 4795 VL - 284 IS - 8 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - 1-deoxysphingosine KW - 0 KW - Enzyme Inhibitors KW - Fumonisins KW - fumonisin B1 KW - 3ZZM97XZ32 KW - Oxidoreductases KW - EC 1.- KW - dihydroceramide desaturase KW - EC 1.3.1.- KW - Sphingosine KW - NGZ37HRE42 KW - Index Medicus KW - Swine KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Cercopithecus aethiops KW - Vero Cells KW - Mice KW - Liver -- enzymology KW - Lipid Metabolism -- drug effects KW - Fumonisins -- pharmacology KW - Sphingosine -- metabolism KW - Oxidoreductases -- metabolism KW - Kidney -- enzymology KW - Enzyme Inhibitors -- pharmacology KW - Oxidoreductases -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Sphingosine -- analogs & derivatives UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66926506?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.atitle=Ceramide+synthase+inhibition+by+fumonisin+B1+causes+accumulation+of+1-deoxysphinganine%3A+a+novel+category+of+bioactive+1-deoxysphingoid+bases+and+1-deoxydihydroceramides+biosynthesized+by+mammalian+cell+lines+and+animals.&rft.au=Zitomer%2C+Nicholas+C%3BMitchell%2C+Trevor%3BVoss%2C+Kenneth+A%3BBondy%2C+Genevieve+S%3BPruett%2C+Sarah+T%3BGarnier-Amblard%2C+Ethel+C%3BLiebeskind%2C+Lanny+S%3BPark%2C+Hyejung%3BWang%2C+Elaine%3BSullards%2C+M+Cameron%3BMerrill%2C+Alfred+H%3BRiley%2C+Ronald+T&rft.aulast=Zitomer&rft.aufirst=Nicholas&rft.date=2009-02-20&rft.volume=284&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=4786&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/10.1074%2Fjbc.M808798200 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-04-13 N1 - Date created - 2009-02-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Methods Enzymol. 2000;311:348-61 [10563339] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2001 Oct 15;176(2):118-26 [11601888] Arch Pharm Res. 2001 Apr;24(2):136-43 [11339633] Environ Health Perspect. 2001 May;109 Suppl 2:239-43 [11359691] Nat Toxins. 1999;7(6):407-14 [11122537] Toxicol Sci. 2002 Jun;67(2):173-81 [12011476] Pharmacol Toxicol. 2002 May;90(5):268-77 [12076308] J Nutr. 2004 Apr;134(4):711-6 [15051815] Biochim Biophys Acta. 1990 Jan 23;1051(1):37-45 [2297538] J Biol Chem. 1991 Aug 5;266(22):14486-90 [1860857] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1992 May;114(1):9-15 [1585377] Carcinogenesis. 1994 Feb;15(2):209-14 [8313510] J Biol Chem. 1994 Feb 4;269(5):3475-81 [8106389] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1995 Jun 15;211(2):396-403 [7794249] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1996 Jun;138(2):211-8 [8658522] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1998 Feb;148(2):252-60 [9473533] J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 1998;12(5):281-9 [9664234] J Biol Chem. 1998 Jul 24;273(30):19060-4 [9668088] J Biol Chem. 1998 Dec 11;273(50):33787-94 [9837968] Int J Oncol. 1999 May;14(5):833-43 [10200332] J Biol Chem. 1951 Nov;193(1):265-75 [14907713] Methods. 2005 Jun;36(2):207-24 [15894491] Toxicol Sci. 2006 Jul;92(1):335-45 [16613836] J Biol Chem. 2006 Sep 1;281(35):25001-5 [16793762] Biochim Biophys Acta. 2006 Dec;1758(12):1864-84 [17052686] Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2007 Feb;265-266:174-8 [17196738] Org Lett. 2007 Aug 2;9(16):2993-5 [17608484] Methods Enzymol. 2007;432:83-115 [17954214] Eur J Pharmacol. 2008 Apr 28;584(2-3):237-45 [18343365] Anal Bioanal Chem. 2008 Jul;391(6):2257-63 [18488202] J Lipid Res. 2008 Aug;49(8):1621-39 [18499644] Biochim Biophys Acta. 2008 Sep;1781(9):448-58 [18558101] Environ Health Perspect. 2001 May;109 Suppl 2:259-66 [11359694] Environ Health Perspect. 2001 May;109 Suppl 2:283-9 [11359697] Environ Health Perspect. 2001 May;109 Suppl 2:301-8 [11359699] Food Addit Contam. 2001 Mar;18(3):255-61 [11304034] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M808798200 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carotenoid extraction from plants using a novel, environmentally friendly solvent. AN - 66886762; 19138083 AB - Few environmentally friendly solvents are available to extract carotenoids for use in foods. The most effective known solvents are products of the petroleum industry and toxic for human consumption. Yet carotenoid extracts are desirable for use in dietary supplements and as additives to enhance the health benefits of processed foods. Ethyl lactate is an excellent solvent to extract both trans- and cis-lycopene isomers from dried tomato powder, the extraction efficiency of which is enhanced by the addition of the antioxidants alpha-tocopherol and alpha-lipoic acid, both of which are known to benefit human health. It is also useful to extract lutein and beta-carotene from dried powders prepared from white corn and carrots. Because of its low flammability and its origin as a byproduct of the corn and soybean industries, it is more advantageous than ethyl acetate, which is a petroleum product. JF - Journal of agricultural and food chemistry AU - Ishida, Betty K AU - Chapman, Mary H AD - US Department of Agriculture, Processed Foods Research Unit, Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, Albany, California 94710, USA. betty.ishida@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/02/11/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Feb 11 SP - 1051 EP - 1059 VL - 57 IS - 3 KW - Lactates KW - 0 KW - Solvents KW - Carotenoids KW - 36-88-4 KW - ethyl lactate KW - F3P750VW8I KW - Index Medicus KW - Lycopersicon esculentum -- chemistry KW - Zea mays -- chemistry KW - Dietary Supplements KW - Daucus carota -- chemistry KW - Fruit -- chemistry KW - Plants -- chemistry KW - Carotenoids -- isolation & purification UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66886762?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+agricultural+and+food+chemistry&rft.atitle=Carotenoid+extraction+from+plants+using+a+novel%2C+environmentally+friendly+solvent.&rft.au=Ishida%2C+Betty+K%3BChapman%2C+Mary+H&rft.aulast=Ishida&rft.aufirst=Betty&rft.date=2009-02-11&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1051&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+agricultural+and+food+chemistry&rft.issn=1520-5118&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fjf8026292 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-03-02 N1 - Date created - 2009-02-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf8026292 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Antagonistic effects of species on C respiration and net N mineralization in soils from mixed coniferous plantations AN - 20251659; 8879292 AB - Mixtures of litter from different plant species often show non-additive effects on decomposition and net N release (i.e., observed effects in mixtures differ from predictions based on litter of the component species), with positive non-additive (i.e., synergistic effects) being most common. Although large amounts of C and N reside in soil organic matter that contribute significantly to the overall C and N cycle, only a few studies have compared species monoculture vs. mixture effects on soil C and N dynamics. We studied the interactive effects of black spruce (Picea mariana), tamarack (Larix laricina), and white pine (Pinus strobus) on soil C respiration and net N mineralization in a plantation in northern Minnesota, USA. The trees were planted in monoculture and in all three possible two-species combinations (mixtures). After 10 years, we measured aboveground plant biomass and soil C respiration and net N mineralization rates in long-term (266 days) and short-term (13 days) laboratory incubations, respectively. Soil C respiration and net N mineralization were significantly lower in mixtures with tamarack than would be predicted from the monocultures of the two component species. Possibly, mixing of lignin rich litter from black spruce or white pine with N rich litter from tamarack suppressed the formation of lignolytic enzymes or formed complexes highly resistant to microbial degradation. However, these antagonistic effects on soil C respiration and net N mineralization in mixtures with tamarack did not result in reduced aboveground biomass in these plots after 10 years of growth. It remains to be seen if these antagonistic effects will affect long-term forest productivity and dynamics in boreal forests. JF - Forest Ecology and Management AU - Dijkstra, F A AU - West, J B AU - Hobbie, SE AU - Reich, P B AD - Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA, feike.dijkstra@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/02/10/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Feb 10 SP - 1112 EP - 1118 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 257 IS - 3 SN - 0378-1127, 0378-1127 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Ecology Abstracts KW - Forest management KW - Litter KW - Pinus strobus KW - Trees KW - Organic matter KW - Respiration KW - Enzymes KW - Forests KW - Soils (organic) KW - Larix laricina KW - Biomass KW - Mineralization KW - Decomposition KW - Plantations KW - Soil KW - Picea mariana KW - Lignin KW - A 01390:Forestry KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20251659?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forest+Ecology+and+Management&rft.atitle=Antagonistic+effects+of+species+on+C+respiration+and+net+N+mineralization+in+soils+from+mixed+coniferous+plantations&rft.au=Dijkstra%2C+F+A%3BWest%2C+J+B%3BHobbie%2C+SE%3BReich%2C+P+B&rft.aulast=Dijkstra&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2009-02-10&rft.volume=257&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1112&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Forest+Ecology+and+Management&rft.issn=03781127&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.foreco.2008.11.014 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Forest management; Litter; Trees; Respiration; Organic matter; Forests; Enzymes; Soils (organic); Mineralization; Biomass; Plantations; Decomposition; Soil; Lignin; Pinus strobus; Picea mariana; Larix laricina DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2008.11.014 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relative Transport Behavior of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella enterica Serovar Pullorum in Packed Bed Column Systems: Influence of Solution Chemistry and Cell Concentration AN - 754543643; 13266991 AB - The influence of solution chemistry and cell concentration on bacterial transport has been examined using Salmonella pullorum SA1685 and Escherichia coli O157:H7. A column was employed to determine the transport behavior and deposition kinetics with aquifer sand over a range of ionic strengths and cell concentrations. O157:H7 was found to be more adhesive than SA1685, with calculated deposition rate coefficients higher than those of SA1685. Comprehensive cell surface characterization techniques including size, surface charge density, extracellular polymeric substance content, electrophoretic mobility, and hydrophobicity analyses were conducted to explain observed transport trends. The pathogens' size and hydrophobicity were not significantly different, whereas they varied in acidity, for which O157:H7 had 19 times higher surface charge density than SA1685. Electrophoretic mobilities, in general agreement with titration analysis and column experiments, revealed SA1685 to be more negative than O157:H7. This combination of column and characterization experiments indicates that SA1685 can be transported to a greater extent than O157:H7 in groundwater environments. This study is the first comprehensive work comparing the transport behavior of two important pathogens in aquifer systems. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Haznedaroglu, B Z AU - Kim, H N AU - Bradford, S A AU - Walker, S L AD - Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, and Salinity Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Riverside, California 92521 Y1 - 2009/02/06/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Feb 06 SP - 1838 EP - 1844 PB - American Chemical Society, 1155 16th St., NW Washington DC 20036 USA VL - 43 IS - 6 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Environment Abstracts KW - Aquifers KW - Cell surface KW - Mobility KW - Hydrophobicity KW - Surface charge KW - Electrophoretic mobility KW - Sand KW - Titration KW - Escherichia coli KW - Ground water KW - Salmonella pullorum KW - Acidity KW - Adhesives KW - Ionic strength KW - Density KW - Pathogens KW - Behavior KW - Salmonella enterica KW - Kinetics KW - Deposition KW - hydrophobicity KW - Groundwater KW - Salmonella KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment KW - SW 0840:Groundwater KW - ENA 07:General KW - J 02450:Ecology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754543643?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Relative+Transport+Behavior+of+Escherichia+coli+O157%3AH7+and+Salmonella+enterica+Serovar+Pullorum+in+Packed+Bed+Column+Systems%3A+Influence+of+Solution+Chemistry+and+Cell+Concentration&rft.au=Haznedaroglu%2C+B+Z%3BKim%2C+H+N%3BBradford%2C+S+A%3BWalker%2C+S+L&rft.aulast=Haznedaroglu&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2009-02-06&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1838&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fes802531k L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/es802531k LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aquifers; Cell surface; Ionic strength; Hydrophobicity; Pathogens; Surface charge; Electrophoretic mobility; Sand; Kinetics; Titration; Ground water; Adhesives; Acidity; Mobility; hydrophobicity; Groundwater; Behavior; Density; Escherichia coli; Deposition; Salmonella; Salmonella enterica; Salmonella pullorum DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es802531k ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Population responses by Orius insidiosus to vegetational diversity AN - 754887609; 13463124 AB - The abundance of different life stages of Orius insidiosus (Say) (Heteroptera: Anthocoridae) and its prey were recorded in vegetationally diverse (soybean and agronomic weeds) and monoculture (soybean only) fields. Orius insidiosus adults and nymphs were more abundant in diversified plots than in monocultures. A similar number of O. insidiosus eggs were found in the two treatments, but twice as many eggs were laid on non-crop plants than on soybeans within the vegetationally diverse plots. Prey densities were equivalent in the two treatments. In olfactometer assays, naive O. insidiosus females were unresponsive to odors from three weed species (morning glory, redroot pigweed and velvetleaf). The current results, coupled with previous experimental observations, lead us to believe that higher abundance of O. insidiosus in vegetationally diverse habitats could be related to improved fitness of the predator, which in turn is related to certain plant qualities (e.g., nutrition, plant architecture, etc.). Proximal cues are likely more influential to oviposition decisions by O. insidiosus females than volatile signals. JF - BioControl (Heidelberg) AU - Lundgren, Jonathan G AU - Wyckhuys, Kris A G AU - Desneux, Nicolas AD - Northern Grain Insects Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS, 2923 Medary Avenue, Brookings, SD 57006, USA, jlundgren@ngirl.ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 135 EP - 142 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 54 IS - 1 SN - 1386-6141, 1386-6141 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Entomology Abstracts KW - Fitness KW - Biological control KW - Weeds KW - Allelochemicals KW - Abundance KW - Olfactometers KW - Developmental stages KW - Predators KW - Habitat KW - Nutrition KW - Eggs KW - Hemiptera KW - Soybeans KW - Orius insidiosus KW - Odor KW - Anthocoridae KW - Oviposition KW - Prey KW - A 01410:Mineral Microbiology KW - Z 05330:Reproduction and Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754887609?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BioControl+%28Heidelberg%29&rft.atitle=Population+responses+by+Orius+insidiosus+to+vegetational+diversity&rft.au=Lundgren%2C+Jonathan+G%3BWyckhuys%2C+Kris+A+G%3BDesneux%2C+Nicolas&rft.aulast=Lundgren&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BioControl+%28Heidelberg%29&rft.issn=13866141&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10526-008-9165-x L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/74g0541787r18042/?p=0477bcfd3027470785bff6c5a21fccfb&pi=14 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological control; Fitness; Weeds; Abundance; Allelochemicals; Developmental stages; Olfactometers; Predators; Habitat; Nutrition; Eggs; Soybeans; Odor; Oviposition; Prey; Orius insidiosus; Anthocoridae; Hemiptera DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10526-008-9165-x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of dietary alpha-tocopherol + ascorbic acid, selenium, and iron on oxidative stress in sub-yearling Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha Walbaum). AN - 67152962; 19386004 AB - A three-variable central composite design coupled with surface-response analysis was used to examine the effects of dietary alpha-tocopherol + ascorbic acid (TOCAA), selenium (Se), and iron (Fe) on indices of oxidative stress in juvenile spring Chinook salmon. Each dietary factor was tested at five levels for a total of fifteen dietary combinations (diets). Oxidative damage in liver and kidney (lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyls) and erythrocytes (erythrocyte resistance to peroxidative lysis, ERPL) was determined after feeding experimental diets for 16 (early December) and 28 (early March) weeks. Only TOCAA influenced oxidative stress in this study, with most measures of oxidative damage decreasing (liver lipid peroxidation in December and March; ERPL in December; liver protein carbonyl in March) with increasing levels of TOCAA. We also observed a TOCAA-stimulated increase in susceptibility of erythrocytes to peroxidative lysis in March at the highest levels of TOCAA. The data suggest that under most circumstances a progressive decrease in oxidative stress occurs as dietary TOCAA increases, but higher TOCAA concentrations can stimulate oxidative damage in some situations. Higher levels of TOCAA in the diet were required in March than in December to achieve comparable levels of protection against oxidative damage, which may have been due to physiological changes associated with the parr-smolt transformation. Erythrocytes appeared to be more sensitive to variation in dietary levels of TOCAA than liver and kidney tissues. Using the March ERPL assay results as a baseline, a TOCAA level of approximately 350-600 mg/kg diet would provide adequate protection against lipid peroxidation under most circumstances in juvenile Chinook salmon. JF - Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition AU - Welker, T L AU - Congleton, J L AD - United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Aquatic Animal Health Research Laboratory, 990 Wire Road, Auburn, AL, USA. twelker@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - February 2009 SP - 15 EP - 25 VL - 93 IS - 1 KW - Antioxidants KW - 0 KW - Drug Combinations KW - Iron KW - E1UOL152H7 KW - alpha-Tocopherol KW - H4N855PNZ1 KW - Selenium KW - H6241UJ22B KW - Ascorbic Acid KW - PQ6CK8PD0R KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Ascorbic Acid -- administration & dosage KW - Kidney -- metabolism KW - Random Allocation KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Iron -- pharmacology KW - Selenium -- pharmacology KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Erythrocytes -- metabolism KW - Ascorbic Acid -- pharmacology KW - Aquaculture KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - alpha-Tocopherol -- pharmacology KW - Animal Feed KW - alpha-Tocopherol -- administration & dosage KW - Iron -- administration & dosage KW - Selenium -- administration & dosage KW - Drug Synergism KW - Antioxidants -- pharmacology KW - Oxidative Stress -- drug effects KW - Lipid Peroxidation -- drug effects KW - Salmon -- physiology KW - Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena -- physiology KW - Salmon -- metabolism KW - Antioxidants -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67152962?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+animal+physiology+and+animal+nutrition&rft.atitle=Effect+of+dietary+alpha-tocopherol+%2B+ascorbic+acid%2C+selenium%2C+and+iron+on+oxidative+stress+in+sub-yearling+Chinook+salmon+%28Oncorhynchus+tshawytscha+Walbaum%29.&rft.au=Welker%2C+T+L%3BCongleton%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Welker&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+animal+physiology+and+animal+nutrition&rft.issn=1439-0396&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1439-0396.2007.00773.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-07-22 N1 - Date created - 2009-04-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0396.2007.00773.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predictive model for survival and growth of Salmonella typhimurium DT104 on chicken skin during temperature abuse. AN - 67132950; 19358364 AB - To better predict risk of Salmonella infection from chicken subjected to temperature abuse, a study was undertaken to develop a predictive model for survival and growth of Salmonella Typhimurium DT104 on chicken skin with native flora. For model development, chicken skin portions (2.14 cm2) were inoculated with 0.85 log of Salmonella Typhimurium DT104 (ATCC 700408) and then stored at 5 to 50 degrees C for 8 h. Kinetic data from the storage trials were fit to a primary model to determine lag time (lamda), specific growth rate (micrro), and the 95% prediction interval (PI). Secondary models for lamda, mu, and PI as a function of storage temperature were developed and then combined with the primary model to create a tertiary model. Performance of the tertiary model was evaluated against dependent data, independent data for interpolation, and independent data for extrapolation to kosher chicken skin by using an acceptable prediction zone from -1 (fail-safe) to 0.5 (fail-dangerous) log per skin portion. Survival of Salmonella Typhimurium DT104 on chicken skin was observed during 8 h of storage at 5 to 20 degrees C and at 50 degrees C, whereas growth was observed from 25 to 45 degrees C and was optimal at 40 degrees C with a lamda of 2.5 h and a mu of 1.1 log/h. Variation of pathogen growth, as assessed by PI, increased in a nonlinear manner as a function of temperature and was greater for growth conditions than no-growth conditions. The percentage of acceptable prediction errors was 82.6% for dependent data, 83.7% for independent data for interpolation, and 81.6% for independent data for extrapolation to kosher skin, which all exceeded the performance criterion of 70% acceptable predictions. Thus, it was concluded that the tertiary model provided valid predictions for survival and growth of Salmonella Typhimurium DT104 from a low initial dose on both nonkosher and kosher chicken skin with native flora. JF - Journal of food protection AU - Oscar, T P AD - USDA, Agricultural Res Serv, Microbial Food Safety Research Unit and USDA/1890, Center for Food Science and Technol, Univ of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, Maryland 21853, USA. Thomas.Oscar@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - February 2009 SP - 304 EP - 314 VL - 72 IS - 2 SN - 0362-028X, 0362-028X KW - Index Medicus KW - Skin -- microbiology KW - Animals KW - Food Microbiology KW - Consumer Product Safety KW - Kinetics KW - Humans KW - Temperature KW - Colony Count, Microbial KW - Predictive Value of Tests KW - Time Factors KW - Food Handling -- methods KW - Food Contamination -- analysis KW - Chickens -- microbiology KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- growth & development KW - Models, Biological UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67132950?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.atitle=Predictive+model+for+survival+and+growth+of+Salmonella+typhimurium+DT104+on+chicken+skin+during+temperature+abuse.&rft.au=Oscar%2C+T+P&rft.aulast=Oscar&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=304&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.issn=0362028X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-04-27 N1 - Date created - 2009-04-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fate of surface-inoculated Escherichia coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes, and Salmonella typhimurium on kippered beef during extended storage at refrigeration and abusive temperatures. AN - 67118208; 19350987 AB - The behavior of Escherichia coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes, and Salmonella Typhimurium on kippered beef was evaluated. Individual pieces of the product were separately inoculated on the top and bottom surfaces with each three- to six-strain pathogen cocktail at ca. 6.0 log CFU per piece and stored at 4, 10, 21, or 30 degrees C for up to 28 days in each of two trials. When kippered beef was inoculated with E. coli O157:H7, Salmonella Typhimurium, or L. monocytogenes and stored at 4, 10, 21, or 30 degrees C for up to 28 days, pathogen numbers decreased ca. 0.4 to 0.9, 1.0 to 1.8, 3.0 to > or = 5.25, and > or = 5.0 to 5.25 log CFU per piece, respectively. Average D-values for E. coli O157:H7, Salmonella Typhimurium, and L. monocytogenes stored at 4 to 30 degrees C for 28 days were ca. 41 to 4.6, 40.8 to 5.3, and 29.5 to 4.3 days, respectively. As expected, the higher the storage temperature, the greater the level and rate of inactivation for all three pathogens. These data establish that kippered beef does not provide an environment conducive to proliferation of these pathogens. JF - Journal of food protection AU - Jacob, Renata AU - Porto-Fett, Anna C S AU - Call, Jeffrey E AU - Luchansky, John B AD - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, Microbial Food Safety Research Unit, 600 E. Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, Pennsylvania 19038, USA. Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - February 2009 SP - 403 EP - 407 VL - 72 IS - 2 SN - 0362-028X, 0362-028X KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Consumer Product Safety KW - Humans KW - Temperature KW - Colony Count, Microbial KW - Time Factors KW - Meat Products -- microbiology KW - Listeria monocytogenes -- growth & development KW - Food Contamination -- analysis KW - Food Preservation -- methods KW - Escherichia coli O157 -- growth & development KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- growth & development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67118208?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.atitle=Fate+of+surface-inoculated+Escherichia+coli+O157%3AH7%2C+Listeria+monocytogenes%2C+and+Salmonella+typhimurium+on+kippered+beef+during+extended+storage+at+refrigeration+and+abusive+temperatures.&rft.au=Jacob%2C+Renata%3BPorto-Fett%2C+Anna+C+S%3BCall%2C+Jeffrey+E%3BLuchansky%2C+John+B&rft.aulast=Jacob&rft.aufirst=Renata&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=403&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.issn=0362028X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-04-27 N1 - Date created - 2009-04-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Incidence and ecology of Campylobacter jejuni and coli in animals. AN - 67020380; 18849005 AB - Since its initial emergence in the 1970s, Campylobacter has become one of the most common causative agents of bacterial foodborne illness. Campylobacter species readily colonize the gastrointestinal tracts of domestic, feral and wild animals and while they rarely cause clinical disease in food animals, they can produce severe acute gastroenteritis in humans. Prevalence of Campylobacter in food animals can exceed 80% thus challenging processors to employ post-harvest pathogen reduction strategies. Reduction of pathogens before arrival to the abattoir is also of interest because the implementation of pre-harvest interventions may compliment existing post-harvest control techniques to further diminish possible retail sources of infection. Such multiple hurdle approaches that simultaneously utilize pre- and post-harvest control techniques are expected to be the most effective approach for decreasing human illness associated with foodborne pathogens. JF - Anaerobe AU - Horrocks, S M AU - Anderson, R C AU - Nisbet, D J AU - Ricke, S C AD - United States Department of Agriculture, Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, College Station, TX 77845, USA. PY - 2009 SP - 18 EP - 25 VL - 15 IS - 1-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals, Domestic KW - Animals KW - Food Microbiology KW - Humans KW - Incidence KW - Carrier State -- veterinary KW - Campylobacter jejuni -- isolation & purification KW - Carrier State -- prevention & control KW - Campylobacter Infections -- veterinary KW - Campylobacter Infections -- microbiology KW - Campylobacter Infections -- epidemiology KW - Campylobacter Infections -- prevention & control KW - Carrier State -- epidemiology KW - Carrier State -- microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67020380?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Anaerobe&rft.atitle=Incidence+and+ecology+of+Campylobacter+jejuni+and+coli+in+animals.&rft.au=Horrocks%2C+S+M%3BAnderson%2C+R+C%3BNisbet%2C+D+J%3BRicke%2C+S+C&rft.aulast=Horrocks&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=18&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Anaerobe&rft.issn=1095-8274&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.anaerobe.2008.09.001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-03-30 N1 - Date created - 2009-03-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anaerobe.2008.09.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Continuous exposure to infectious pancreatic necrosis virus during early life stages of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum). AN - 66992638; 19261044 AB - Rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), were exposed continuously to infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) at 0, 10(1), 10(3) or 10(5) plaque forming units (pfu) L(-1) of water to estimate the effects of chronic IPNV exposure on early life stages. Fish density averaged 35 fish L(-1) (low density) or 140 fish L(-1) (high density), and the tank flow rate was 250 mL(-1) min. Virus exposure began at 6 days before hatch and continued until fish were 44 days old. Cumulative per cent mortality, analysis of survival and hazard functions, and discrete-time event analysis were used to explore the patterns of survival and mortality. In eggs and fish exposed to IPNV, mortality significantly greater than in the 0 pfu L(-1) exposure did not occur until IPNV concentration was 10(5) pfu L(-1) at low fish density and 10(3) pfu IPNV L(-1) at high fish density. These results suggest that in the natural aquatic environment, where rainbow trout densities are likely to be considerably lower than in this study, mortality resulting from infection with IPNV will very likely not occur when ambient concentrations of virus are < or =10(3) pfu IPNV L(-1). In aquaculture rearing units, trout density is likely to be as high or higher than the densities used in this study. Therefore, continuous inputs of virus at concentrations greater than 10(1) pfu L(-1) may result in IPN epidemics in aquaculture facilities. JF - Journal of fish diseases AU - Bebak, J AU - McAllister, P E AD - USDA Agricultural Research Service, Aquatic Animal Health Research Unit, Auburn, AL 36832, USA. julie.bebak@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - February 2009 SP - 173 EP - 181 VL - 32 IS - 2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Regression Analysis KW - Animals KW - Population Density KW - Time Factors KW - Survival Analysis KW - Birnaviridae Infections -- mortality KW - Fish Diseases -- mortality KW - Fish Diseases -- virology KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Oncorhynchus mykiss -- virology KW - Birnaviridae Infections -- veterinary KW - Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus -- physiology KW - Birnaviridae Infections -- virology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66992638?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+fish+diseases&rft.atitle=Continuous+exposure+to+infectious+pancreatic+necrosis+virus+during+early+life+stages+of+rainbow+trout%2C+Oncorhynchus+mykiss+%28Walbaum%29.&rft.au=Bebak%2C+J%3BMcAllister%2C+P+E&rft.aulast=Bebak&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=173&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+fish+diseases&rft.issn=1365-2761&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2761.2008.00974.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-04-07 N1 - Date created - 2009-03-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.2008.00974.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of shaking treatments and preharvest sprays of pyrethroid insecticides to reduce risk of yellowjackets and other insects on Christmas trees imported into Hawaii. AN - 66989411; 19253620 AB - Insects are commonly found by Hawaii's quarantine inspectors on Christmas trees imported from the Pacific Northwest. To reduce the risk of importing yellowjacket (Vespula spp.) queens and other insects, an inspection and tree shaking certification program was begun in 1990. From 1993 to 2006, the annual percentage of shipped containers rated by Hawaii quarantine inspectors as moderately or highly infested with insects was significantly higher for manually shaken trees than for mechanically shaken trees. Between 1993 and 2001, 343 insect species in total were recovered from Christmas trees. Live western yellowjacket [Vespula pensylvanica (Saussure)] queens were intercepted both from containers certified as manually shaken and from containers certified as mechanically shaken. The standard manual shaking protocol removed about one-half of the queens from Douglas fir [Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco] trees that were naturally infested with western yellowjacket queens. We investigated the use of preharvest sprays of permethrin as a complement to shaking procedures used to control yellowjackets and other insects. Western yellowjacket queens and honey bees (surrogates for wasp pests) were exposed to Noble fir foliage that had been sprayed in the field with permethrin > 6 wk before harvest. Pesticide residues provided complete control (moribundity or mortality) in both species. The sprays did not affect needle retention or quality of Noble fir foliage. We conclude that preharvest sprays of pyrethroid insecticides could be used in combination with mechanical shaking to greatly reduce the quarantine risk of yellowjacket queens and other insects in exported Christmas trees. JF - Journal of economic entomology AU - Hollingsworth, Robert G AU - Chastagner, Gary A AU - Reimer, Neil J AU - Oishi, Darcy E AU - Landolt, Peter J AU - Paull, Robert E AD - U.S. Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, USDA-ARS, P.O. Box 4459, Hilo, HI 96720, USA. robert.hollingsworth@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - February 2009 SP - 69 EP - 78 VL - 102 IS - 1 SN - 0022-0493, 0022-0493 KW - Insecticides KW - 0 KW - Permethrin KW - 509F88P9SZ KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Quarantine KW - Hawaii KW - Rain KW - Pseudotsuga -- parasitology KW - Insect Control -- methods KW - Wasps UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66989411?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+economic+entomology&rft.atitle=Use+of+shaking+treatments+and+preharvest+sprays+of+pyrethroid+insecticides+to+reduce+risk+of+yellowjackets+and+other+insects+on+Christmas+trees+imported+into+Hawaii.&rft.au=Hollingsworth%2C+Robert+G%3BChastagner%2C+Gary+A%3BReimer%2C+Neil+J%3BOishi%2C+Darcy+E%3BLandolt%2C+Peter+J%3BPaull%2C+Robert+E&rft.aulast=Hollingsworth&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=69&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+economic+entomology&rft.issn=00220493&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-04-13 N1 - Date created - 2009-03-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A survey of Rhipicephalus microplus populations for mutations associated with pyrethroid resistance. AN - 66988762; 19253657 AB - Mutations associated with pyrethroid resistance were found in Mexican strains of Rhipicephalus microplus (Canestrini). A mutation in the sodium channel gene was reported in strains highly resistant to permethrin and another mutation in an esterase gene in a strain that shows moderate resistance to the same pesticide. Methods based on the melting temperature difference of amplified allele-specific DNA fragments were developed that can detect these mutations rapidly in individual larvae. When these methods were applied to ticks from various strains of R. microplus from Australia, neither of these mutations could be demonstrated. Different resistance mechanisms have apparently developed independently between Australian and Mexican strains of R. microplus. JF - Journal of economic entomology AU - Chen, Andrew C AU - He, Haiqi AU - Temeyer, Kevin B AU - Jones, Shirley AU - Green, Peter AU - Barker, Stephen C AD - Knipling-Bushland U.S. Livestock Insects Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS, 2700 Fredericksburg Rd., Kerrville, TX 78028-9184, USA. andychen@tamu.edu Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - February 2009 SP - 373 EP - 380 VL - 102 IS - 1 SN - 0022-0493, 0022-0493 KW - Insecticides KW - 0 KW - Pyrethrins KW - Index Medicus KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Animals KW - Cattle KW - Base Sequence KW - Insecticide Resistance -- genetics KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Mutation, Missense KW - DNA Mutational Analysis -- methods KW - Rhipicephalus -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66988762?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+economic+entomology&rft.atitle=A+survey+of+Rhipicephalus+microplus+populations+for+mutations+associated+with+pyrethroid+resistance.&rft.au=Chen%2C+Andrew+C%3BHe%2C+Haiqi%3BTemeyer%2C+Kevin+B%3BJones%2C+Shirley%3BGreen%2C+Peter%3BBarker%2C+Stephen+C&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=373&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+economic+entomology&rft.issn=00220493&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-04-13 N1 - Date created - 2009-03-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity of botanical formulations to nursery-infesting white grubs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). AN - 66987184; 19253649 AB - The toxicity of eight botanically based biopesticides was evaluated against third instars of the scarab larvae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) Popillia japonica Newman, Rhizotrogus majalis (Razoumowsky), Anomala orientalis Waterhouse, and Cyclocephala borealis Arrow. Soil dip bioassays were used to obtain concentration-mortality data 7 d after treatment of larvae, leading to the calculation of LC50 and LC90 values. A wide range in LC50 and LC90 values were exhibited among the formulations. The product Armorex was one of the most active formulations against P. japonica (LC50 = 0.42 ml/liter), R. majalis (LC50 = 0.48 ml/liter), A. orientalis (LC50 = 0.39 ml/liter), and C. borealis (LC50 = 0.49 ml/liter). Armorex is composed of extracts from diverse botanical sources, including 84.5% sesame oil, 2.0% garlic oil, 2.0% clove oil, 1.0% rosemary oil, and 0.5% white pepper extracts. The product Azatin, composed of 3% azadirachtin, also exhibited high toxicity to P. japonica (LC50 = 1.13 ml/liter), R. majalis (LC50 = 0.81 ml/liter), and A. orientalis (LC50 = 1.87 ml/liter). Veggie Pharm is composed of extracts from diverse sources, but this product showed the lowest toxicity to P. japonica (LC50 = 35.19 ml/liter), R. majalis (LC50 = 62.10 ml/liter), A. orientalis (LC50 = 43.76 ml/liter), and C. borealis (LC50 = 50.24 ml/liter). These results document the potential for botanical formulations to control white grubs, but blending extracts from diverse botanical sources does not ensure enhanced biological activity. JF - Journal of economic entomology AU - Ranger, Christopher M AU - Reding, Michael E AU - Oliver, Jason B AU - Moyseenko, James J AU - Youssef, Nadeer N AD - Application Technology Research Unit, Horticultural Insects Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, USA. christopher.ranger@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - February 2009 SP - 304 EP - 308 VL - 102 IS - 1 SN - 0022-0493, 0022-0493 KW - Glycerides KW - 0 KW - Insect Repellents KW - Plant Oils KW - Terpenes KW - neem oil KW - 4DKJ9B3K2T KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Larva KW - Toxicity Tests KW - Plant Roots -- parasitology KW - Plant Oils -- pharmacology KW - Terpenes -- pharmacology KW - Insect Repellents -- pharmacology KW - Glycerides -- pharmacology KW - Beetles -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66987184?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+economic+entomology&rft.atitle=Toxicity+of+botanical+formulations+to+nursery-infesting+white+grubs+%28Coleoptera%3A+Scarabaeidae%29.&rft.au=Ranger%2C+Christopher+M%3BReding%2C+Michael+E%3BOliver%2C+Jason+B%3BMoyseenko%2C+James+J%3BYoussef%2C+Nadeer+N&rft.aulast=Ranger&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=304&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+economic+entomology&rft.issn=00220493&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-04-13 N1 - Date created - 2009-03-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of powdery mildew fungicide programs on twospotted spider mite (Acari: Tetranychidae), hop aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae), and their natural enemies in hop yards. AN - 66983889; 19253646 AB - Twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae), and hop aphid, Phorodon humuli (Schrank) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), are the most important arthropod pests of hop (Humulus lupulus L.) in the Northern Hemisphere. A potential barrier for greater adoption of conservation biological control strategies for spider mites and hop aphid is the extensive use of fungicides for management of hop powdery mildew, Podosphaera macularis (Wallr.:Fr.) U. Braun & S. Takamatsu. Field studies conducted in experimental plots in Oregon and Washington in 2005 and 2006 quantified the effects of powdery mildew fungicide programs (i.e., sulfur, paraffinic oil, and synthetic fungicides) on arthropod pests and natural enemies on hop. Fungicide treatment significantly affected spider mite populations in all four studies. Multiple applications of sulfur fungicides applied before burr development resulted in 1.4-3.3-fold greater spider mite populations during summer. Near the cessation of the sulfur applications, or after a lag of 20-30 d, spider mite populations increased significantly faster on sulfur treated plants compared with water-treated plants in three of four experiments. The effect of paraffinic oil on spider mites was varied, leading to exacerbation of spider mites in Oregon and Washington in 2005, suppression of mites in Oregon in 2006, and no significant effect compared with water in Washington in 2006. Significant relative treatment effects for cone damage due to spider mite feeding were detected in Oregon in 2005 in plots treated with sulfur and paraffinic oil compared with water and synthetic fungicides. Mean populations of hop aphids were similar among treatments in Oregon, although sulfur treatment suppressed hop aphid populations in Washington in 2005 and 2006. Populations of individual predacious insect species and cumulative abundance of macropredators were not consistently suppressed or stimulated by treatments in all trials. However, predatory mite abundance in Washington was affected by fungicide treatments, with plots treated with sulfur consistently having 10-fold fewer phytoseiids per leaf compared with the other treatments. Based on the results of these studies, powdery mildew fungicide programs that minimize or eliminate applications of sulfur and paraffinic oil would tend to conserve predatory mites and minimize the severity of spider mite outbreaks. However, mechanisms other than direct or indirect toxicity to phytoseiid mites likely are associated with exacerbation of spider mite outbreaks on hop. JF - Journal of economic entomology AU - Gent, D H AU - James, D G AU - Wright, L C AU - Brooks, D J AU - Barbour, J D AU - Dreves, A J AU - Fisher, G C AU - Walton, V M AD - Forage and Cereal Research Unit, USDA-ARS, and Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, 3450 SW Campus Way, Corvallis OR 97331, USA. gentd@onid.orst.edu Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - February 2009 SP - 274 EP - 286 VL - 102 IS - 1 SN - 0022-0493, 0022-0493 KW - Fungicides, Industrial KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Oregon KW - Animals KW - Washington KW - Climate KW - Humulus -- parasitology KW - Aphids KW - Tetranychidae KW - Pest Control, Biological UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66983889?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+economic+entomology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+powdery+mildew+fungicide+programs+on+twospotted+spider+mite+%28Acari%3A+Tetranychidae%29%2C+hop+aphid+%28Hemiptera%3A+Aphididae%29%2C+and+their+natural+enemies+in+hop+yards.&rft.au=Gent%2C+D+H%3BJames%2C+D+G%3BWright%2C+L+C%3BBrooks%2C+D+J%3BBarbour%2C+J+D%3BDreves%2C+A+J%3BFisher%2C+G+C%3BWalton%2C+V+M&rft.aulast=Gent&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=274&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+economic+entomology&rft.issn=00220493&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-04-13 N1 - Date created - 2009-03-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ionizing radiation as a phytosanitary treatment against European corn borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in ambient, low oxygen, and cold conditions. AN - 66983786; 19253619 AB - The European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), is a quarantine pest for several fresh commodities, including corn-on-the-cob, bell peppers, and green beans. Methyl bromide fumigation is the usual phytosanitary treatment, but the fumigant is under increasing regulation as a stratospheric ozone-depleting substance. Ionizing radiation is a relatively new commercial alternative that is currently used in several countries. The present research explored radiation doses that would provide quarantine security for commodities at risk of being infested by O. nubilalis. Radiotolerance of late pupae (the most tolerant stage infesting commodities) as determined by hatch of F1 eggs was not affected by host (meridic diet versus ear corn) or temperature (1 versus 13 degrees C) but was positively affected by low oxygen. Longevity was shorter for adults of irradiated than nonirradiated pupae. The minimum absorbed dose for phytosanitary irradiation against O. nubilalis could vary from 233 Gy for prevention of F1 pupation to 343 Gy for prevention of F1 egg hatch. Lower doses might be possible if greater risk of treatment failure was acceptable. JF - Journal of economic entomology AU - Hallman, Guy J AU - Hellmich, Richard L AD - USDA-ARS, 2413 E. Highway 83, Weslaco, TX 78596, USA. guy.hallman@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - February 2009 SP - 64 EP - 68 VL - 102 IS - 1 SN - 0022-0493, 0022-0493 KW - Oxygen KW - S88TT14065 KW - Index Medicus KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Animals KW - Oxygen -- metabolism KW - Ovum -- radiation effects KW - Zea mays -- parasitology KW - Cold Temperature KW - Pupa -- radiation effects KW - Male KW - Female KW - Gamma Rays KW - Moths -- radiation effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66983786?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+economic+entomology&rft.atitle=Ionizing+radiation+as+a+phytosanitary+treatment+against+European+corn+borer+%28Lepidoptera%3A+Crambidae%29+in+ambient%2C+low+oxygen%2C+and+cold+conditions.&rft.au=Hallman%2C+Guy+J%3BHellmich%2C+Richard+L&rft.aulast=Hallman&rft.aufirst=Guy&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=64&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+economic+entomology&rft.issn=00220493&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-04-13 N1 - Date created - 2009-03-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Efficacy of the biofumigant fungus Muscodor albus (Ascomycota: Xylariales) for control of codling moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in simulated storage conditions. AN - 66983504; 19253616 AB - Codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), a serious pest of pome fruit, is a threat to exportation of apples (Malus spp.) because of the possibility of shipping infested fruit. The need for alternatives to fumigants such as methyl bromide for quarantine security of exported fruit has encouraged the development of effective fumigants with reduced side effects. The endophytic fungus Muscodor albus Worapong, Strobel and Hess (Ascomycota: Xylariales) produces volatile compounds that are biocidal for several pest organisms, including plant pathogens and insect pests. The objectives of our research were to determine the effects of M. albus volatile organic compounds (VOCs) on codling moth adults, neonate larvae, larvae in infested apples, and diapausing cocooned larvae in simulated storage conditions. Fumigation of adult codling moth with VOCs produced by M. albus for 3 d and incubating in fresh air for 24 h at 25 degrees C resulted in 81% corrected mortality. Four- and 5-d exposures resulted in higher mortality (84 and 100%, respectively), but control mortality was also high due to the short life span of the moths. Exposure of neonate larvae to VOCs for 3 d on apples and incubating for 7 d resulted in 86% corrected mortality. Treated larvae were predominantly first instars, whereas 85% of control larvae developed to second and third instars. Exposure of apples that had been infested for 5 d, fumigated with M. albus VOCs for 3 d, and incubated as described above resulted in 71% corrected larval mortality. Exposure of diapausing cocooned codling moth larvae to VOCs for 7 or 14 d resulted in 31 and 100% mortality, respectively, with negligible control mortality. Our data on treatment of several stages of codling moth with M. albus VOCs indicate that the fungus could provide an alternative to broad spectrum chemical fumigants for codling moth control in storage and contribute to the systems approach to achieve quarantine security of exported apples. JF - Journal of economic entomology AU - Lacey, L A AU - Horton, D R AU - Jones, D C AU - Headrick, H L AU - Neven, L G AD - USDA-ARS, Yakima Agricultural Research Laboratory, 5230 Konnowac Pass Road, Wapato, WA 98951, USA. lerry.lacey@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - February 2009 SP - 43 EP - 49 VL - 102 IS - 1 SN - 0022-0493, 0022-0493 KW - Volatile Organic Compounds KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Larva KW - Malus -- parasitology KW - Food Parasitology KW - Pest Control, Biological KW - Moths KW - Xylariales -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66983504?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+economic+entomology&rft.atitle=Efficacy+of+the+biofumigant+fungus+Muscodor+albus+%28Ascomycota%3A+Xylariales%29+for+control+of+codling+moth+%28Lepidoptera%3A+Tortricidae%29+in+simulated+storage+conditions.&rft.au=Lacey%2C+L+A%3BHorton%2C+D+R%3BJones%2C+D+C%3BHeadrick%2C+H+L%3BNeven%2C+L+G&rft.aulast=Lacey&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=43&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+economic+entomology&rft.issn=00220493&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-04-13 N1 - Date created - 2009-03-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Is (-)-catechin a novel weapon of spotted knapweed (Centaurea stoebe)? AN - 66938409; 19153796 AB - The novel weapons hypothesis states that some invasive weed species owe part of their success as invaders to allelopathy mediated by allelochemicals that are new to the native species. Presumably, no resistance has evolved among the native species to this new allelochemical (i.e., the novel weapon). In their native habitat, however, the plants that co-evolved with these invasive species have theoretically evolved defenses that obviate the allelochemical advantage. Previous studies have claimed that catechin is such a novel weapon of spotted knapweed (Centaurea stoebe = C. maculosa), an invasive species in the non-native habitat of North America. These studies indicated that (-)-catechin is more phytotoxic than (+)-catechin. Other studies have not found sufficient catechin in field soils to support this theory. We report that (-)-catechin and (+)-catechin are essentially equal, but poorly phytotoxic to a variety of plant species in bioassays without soil. In a dose/response experiment with Montana soils, we found the lowest dose for a growth reduction of two native Montana grasses (Koeleria macrantha and Festuca idahoensis) by a racemic mixture of (+/-)-catechin that ranged from about 25 to 50 mM, concentrations, orders of magnitude higher than expected in nature. Autoclaving the soil before adding the catechin did not affect the activity of catechin. We found (-)-catechin to be a potent antioxidant, in contrast to a previous claim that it acts as an allelochemical by causing oxidative stress. Our findings suggest that catechin is not a novel weapon of spotted knapweed and that other allelochemical(s) or alternative mechanisms must be found to explain the success of this species as an invader in North America. JF - Journal of chemical ecology AU - Duke, Stephen O AU - Blair, Amy C AU - Dayan, Franck E AU - Johnson, Robert D AU - Meepagala, Kumudini M AU - Cook, Daniel AU - Bajsa, Joanna AD - NPURU, USDA, ARS, University, Oxford, MS 38677, USA. sduke@olemiss.edu Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - February 2009 SP - 141 EP - 153 VL - 35 IS - 2 KW - Antioxidants KW - 0 KW - Catechin KW - 8R1V1STN48 KW - Index Medicus KW - Ecosystem KW - Poaceae -- drug effects KW - Poaceae -- growth & development KW - Chromatography, Thin Layer KW - Plant Roots -- metabolism KW - Antioxidants -- pharmacology KW - Centaurea -- chemistry KW - Antioxidants -- toxicity KW - Catechin -- chemistry KW - Antioxidants -- chemistry KW - Catechin -- toxicity KW - Catechin -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66938409?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+chemical+ecology&rft.atitle=Is+%28-%29-catechin+a+novel+weapon+of+spotted+knapweed+%28Centaurea+stoebe%29%3F&rft.au=Duke%2C+Stephen+O%3BBlair%2C+Amy+C%3BDayan%2C+Franck+E%3BJohnson%2C+Robert+D%3BMeepagala%2C+Kumudini+M%3BCook%2C+Daniel%3BBajsa%2C+Joanna&rft.aulast=Duke&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=141&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+chemical+ecology&rft.issn=1573-1561&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10886-008-9587-z LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-06-22 N1 - Date created - 2009-02-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Plant Signal Behav. 2009 May;4(5):422-4 [19816095] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10886-008-9587-z ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ring-fluorinated analog of methyl eugenol: attractiveness to and metabolism in the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel). AN - 66928416; 19198948 AB - Oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), males are highly attracted to the natural phenylpropanoid methyl eugenol (ME). They compulsively feed on ME and metabolize it to ring and side-chain hydroxylated compounds that have both pheromonal and allomonal functions. Side-chain metabolic activation of ME leading to (E)-coniferyl alcohol has long been recognized as a primary reason for hepatocarcinogenicity of this compound in rodents. Earlier, we demonstrated that introduction of a fluorine atom at the terminal carbon of the ME side chain significantly depressed metabolism and specifically reduced formation of coniferyl alcohol but had little effect on field attractiveness to B. dorsalis. In the current paper, we demonstrate that fluorination of ME at the 4 position of the aromatic ring blocks metabolic ring-hydroxylation but overall enhances side-chain metabolism by increasing production of fluorinated (E)-coniferyl alcohol. In laboratory experiments, oriental fruit fly males were attracted to and readily consumed 1,2-dimethoxy-4-fluoro-5-(2-propenyl)benzene (I) at rates similar to ME but metabolized it faster. Flies that consumed the fluorine analog were as healthy post feeding as ones fed on methyl eugenol. In field trials, the fluorine analog I was approximately 50% less attractive to male B. dorsalis than ME. JF - Journal of chemical ecology AU - Khrimian, Ashot AU - Siderhurst, Matthew S AU - Mcquate, Grant T AU - Liquido, Nicanor J AU - Nagata, Janice AU - Carvalho, Lori AU - Guzman, Filadelfo AU - Jang, Eric B AD - Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, USDA-ARS, MD 20705, USA. ashot.khrimian@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - February 2009 SP - 209 EP - 218 VL - 35 IS - 2 KW - 1,2-dimethoxy-4-fluoro-5-(2-propenyl)benzene KW - 0 KW - Phenols KW - methyleugenol KW - 29T9VA6R7M KW - Eugenol KW - 3T8H1794QW KW - coniferyl alcohol KW - E7SM92591P KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Halogenation KW - Phenols -- chemistry KW - Feeding Behavior KW - Male KW - Hydroxylation KW - Tephritidae -- metabolism KW - Eugenol -- chemistry KW - Eugenol -- analogs & derivatives KW - Eugenol -- chemical synthesis KW - Eugenol -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66928416?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+chemical+ecology&rft.atitle=Ring-fluorinated+analog+of+methyl+eugenol%3A+attractiveness+to+and+metabolism+in+the+oriental+fruit+fly%2C+Bactrocera+dorsalis+%28Hendel%29.&rft.au=Khrimian%2C+Ashot%3BSiderhurst%2C+Matthew+S%3BMcquate%2C+Grant+T%3BLiquido%2C+Nicanor+J%3BNagata%2C+Janice%3BCarvalho%2C+Lori%3BGuzman%2C+Filadelfo%3BJang%2C+Eric+B&rft.aulast=Khrimian&rft.aufirst=Ashot&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=209&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+chemical+ecology&rft.issn=1573-1561&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10886-008-9581-5 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-06-22 N1 - Date created - 2009-02-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10886-008-9581-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potassium bicarbonate attenuates the urinary nitrogen excretion that accompanies an increase in dietary protein and may promote calcium absorption. AN - 66887252; 19050051 AB - Protein is an essential component of muscle and bone. However, the acidic byproducts of protein metabolism may have a negative impact on the musculoskeletal system, particularly in older individuals with declining renal function. We sought to determine whether adding an alkaline salt, potassium bicarbonate (KHCO3), allows protein to have a more favorable net impact on intermediary indices of muscle and bone conservation than it does in the usual acidic environment. We conducted a 41-d randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study of KHCO3 or placebo with a 16-d phase-in and two successive 10-d metabolic diets containing low (0.5 g/kg) or high (1.5 g/kg) protein in random order with a 5-d washout between diets. The study was conducted in a metabolic research unit. Nineteen healthy subjects ages 54-82 yr participated. KHCO3 (up to 90 mmol/d) or placebo was administered for 41 d. We measured 24-h urinary nitrogen excretion, IGF-I, 24-h urinary calcium excretion, and fractional calcium absorption. KHCO3 reduced the rise in urinary nitrogen excretion that accompanied an increase in protein intake (P = 0.015) and was associated with higher IGF-I levels on the low-protein diet (P = 0.027) with a similar trend on the high-protein diet (P = 0.050). KHCO3 was also associated with higher fractional calcium absorption on the low-protein diet (P = 0.041) with a similar trend on the high-protein diet (P = 0.064). In older adults, KHCO3 attenuates the protein-induced rise in urinary nitrogen excretion, and this may be mediated by IGF-I. KHCO3 may also promote calcium absorption independent of the dietary protein content. JF - The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism AU - Ceglia, Lisa AU - Harris, Susan S AU - Abrams, Steven A AU - Rasmussen, Helen M AU - Dallal, Gerard E AU - Dawson-Hughes, Bess AD - Jean Mayer United States Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, USA. lisa.ceglia@tufts.edu Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - February 2009 SP - 645 EP - 653 VL - 94 IS - 2 SN - 0021-972X, 0021-972X KW - Bicarbonates KW - 0 KW - Placebos KW - Potassium Compounds KW - Proteins KW - potassium bicarbonate KW - HM5Z15LEBN KW - Nitrogen KW - N762921K75 KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Double-Blind Method KW - Aged, 80 and over KW - Humans KW - Dietary Supplements -- adverse effects KW - Algorithms KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - Down-Regulation -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Female KW - Proteins -- pharmacology KW - Calcium -- metabolism KW - Bicarbonates -- adverse effects KW - Bicarbonates -- administration & dosage KW - Potassium Compounds -- administration & dosage KW - Potassium Compounds -- adverse effects KW - Bicarbonates -- pharmacology KW - Potassium Compounds -- pharmacology KW - Diet KW - Intestinal Absorption -- drug effects KW - Nitrogen -- metabolism KW - Nitrogen -- urine UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66887252?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+clinical+endocrinology+and+metabolism&rft.atitle=Potassium+bicarbonate+attenuates+the+urinary+nitrogen+excretion+that+accompanies+an+increase+in+dietary+protein+and+may+promote+calcium+absorption.&rft.au=Ceglia%2C+Lisa%3BHarris%2C+Susan+S%3BAbrams%2C+Steven+A%3BRasmussen%2C+Helen+M%3BDallal%2C+Gerard+E%3BDawson-Hughes%2C+Bess&rft.aulast=Ceglia&rft.aufirst=Lisa&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=94&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=645&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+clinical+endocrinology+and+metabolism&rft.issn=0021972X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1210%2Fjc.2008-1796 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-03-30 N1 - Date created - 2009-02-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Bone Miner Res. 2000 Apr;15(4):710-20 [10780863] J Nutr. 2008 Apr;138(4):718-24 [18356326] Can J Appl Physiol. 2001;26 Suppl:S153-66 [11897891] Am J Epidemiol. 2002 Apr 1;155(7):636-44 [11914191] Am J Clin Nutr. 2002 Apr;75(4):773-9 [11916767] Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2003 Jan;284(1):F32-40 [12388390] J Nutr. 2003 Apr;133(4):1020-6 [12672913] J Clin Densitom. 2003 Summer;6(2):159-62 [12794238] Clin Chem. 2003 Dec;49(12):2050-5 [14633877] J Bone Miner Res. 2004 Apr;19(4):527-31 [15005837] J Bone Miner Res. 2004 Apr;19(4):537-45 [15005839] J Clin Invest. 1966 Oct;45(10):1601-7 [5925517] Metabolism. 1969 Mar;18(3):193-208 [4887615] Clin Biochem. 1972 Jun;5(2):94-8 [5039597] Am J Clin Nutr. 1979 Apr;32(4):741-9 [433806] J Nutr. 1981 Feb;111(2):244-51 [7463168] J Nutr. 1982 Feb;112(2):338-49 [6276519] Am J Clin Nutr. 1984 Sep;40(3):623-7 [6089541] Kidney Int. 1989 Feb;35(2):688-95 [2540373] J Nutr. 1990 Jan;120(1):134-6 [2406396] J Clin Epidemiol. 1990;43(12):1327-35 [2254769] Am J Med Sci. 1991 Aug;302(2):67-74 [1897560] Metabolism. 1992 Apr;41(4):406-14 [1556948] J Clin Epidemiol. 1993 Feb;46(2):153-62 [8437031] Endocrinology. 1994 Apr;134(4):1755-60 [8137740] J Nutr. 1994 May;124(5):674-82 [8169659] N Engl J Med. 1994 Jun 23;330(25):1776-81 [8190153] Metabolism. 1994 Dec;43(12):1481-7 [7990700] Kidney Int. 1994 Oct;46(4):1199-206 [7861717] Miner Electrolyte Metab. 1996;22(1-3):58-61 [8676826] Bone. 1996 Mar;18(3):277-9 [8703584] J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1997 Jan;82(1):254-9 [8989270] Kidney Int. 1997 Jan;51(1):216-21 [8995736] Pediatr Clin North Am. 1998 Feb;45(1):245-60 [9491096] Am J Clin Nutr. 1999 Jan;69(1):147-52 [9925137] Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 1957;9(3):287-91 [13495348] J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005 Jan;90(1):26-31 [15546911] J Appl Physiol (1985). 2005 Jul;99(1):134-40 [15691900] Obesity (Silver Spring). 2007 Feb;15(2):421-9 [17299116] Am J Clin Nutr. 2000 Sep;72(3):758-61 [10966895] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2008-1796 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sexual reproduction and recombination in the aflatoxin-producing fungus Aspergillus parasiticus. AN - 66874623; 19038353 AB - The fungal phylum Ascomycota comprises a large proportion of species with no known sexual stage, despite high genetic variability in field populations. One such asexual species, Aspergillus parasiticus, is a potent producer of carcinogenic and hepatotoxic aflatoxins, polyketide-derived secondary metabolites that contaminate a wide variety of agricultural crops. In this study, individuals of A. parasiticus from a population showing an evolutionary history of recombination were examined for sexual reproduction. Crosses between strains with opposite mating-type genes MAT1-1 and MAT1-2 resulted in the development of ascospore-bearing ascocarps embedded within stromata. Sexually compatible strains belonged to different vegetative compatibility groups. Recombination through the independent assortment of chromosomes 3 and 6 was detected using loci for mating type, aflatoxin gene cluster, and a protein-encoding gene. Our discovery of the sexual stage in A. parasiticus has important implications for current biological control strategies using nontoxigenic strains to reduce aflatoxin contamination in crops. JF - Fungal genetics and biology : FG & B AU - Horn, Bruce W AU - Ramirez-Prado, Jorge H AU - Carbone, Ignazio AD - National Peanut Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Dawson, GA 39842, USA. Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - February 2009 SP - 169 EP - 175 VL - 46 IS - 2 KW - Aflatoxins KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Chromosomes, Fungal -- genetics KW - Genetic Variation KW - Spores, Fungal -- genetics KW - Spores, Fungal -- metabolism KW - Aflatoxins -- biosynthesis KW - Aspergillus -- genetics KW - Recombination, Genetic KW - Aspergillus -- physiology KW - Genes, Mating Type, Fungal UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66874623?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fungal+genetics+and+biology+%3A+FG+%26+B&rft.atitle=Sexual+reproduction+and+recombination+in+the+aflatoxin-producing+fungus+Aspergillus+parasiticus.&rft.au=Horn%2C+Bruce+W%3BRamirez-Prado%2C+Jorge+H%3BCarbone%2C+Ignazio&rft.aulast=Horn&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=169&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fungal+genetics+and+biology+%3A+FG+%26+B&rft.issn=1096-0937&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.fgb.2008.11.004 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-02-19 N1 - Date created - 2009-02-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fgb.2008.11.004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A conserved domain in the leader proteinase of foot-and-mouth disease virus is required for proper subcellular localization and function. AN - 66864318; 19052079 AB - The leader proteinase (L(pro)) of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is involved in antagonizing the innate immune response by blocking the expression of interferon (IFN) and by reducing the immediate-early induction of IFN-beta mRNA and IFN-stimulated genes. In addition to its role in shutting off cap-dependent host mRNA translation, L(pro) is associated with the degradation of the p65/RelA subunit of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB). Bioinformatics analysis suggests that L(pro) contains a SAP (for SAF-A/B, Acinus, and PIAS) domain, a protein structure associated in some cases with the nuclear retention of molecules involved in transcriptional control. We have introduced a single or a double mutation in conserved amino acid residues contained within this domain of L(pro). Although three stable mutant viruses were obtained, only the double mutant displayed an attenuated phenotype in cell culture. Indirect immunofluorescence analysis showed that L(pro) subcellular distribution is altered in cells infected with the double mutant virus. Interestingly, nuclear p65/RelA staining disappeared from wild-type (WT) FMDV-infected cells but not from double mutant virus-infected cells. Consistent with these results, NF-kappaB-dependent transcription was not inhibited in cells infected with double mutant virus in contrast to cells infected with WT virus. However, degradation of the translation initiation factor eIF-4G was very similar for both the WT and the double mutant viruses. Since L(pro) catalytic activity was demonstrated to be a requirement for p65/RelA degradation, our results indicate that mutation of the SAP domain reveals a novel separation-of-function activity for FMDV L(pro). JF - Journal of virology AU - de los Santos, Teresa AU - Segundo, Fayna Diaz-San AU - Zhu, James AU - Koster, Marla AU - Dias, Camila C A AU - Grubman, Marvin J AD - Plum Island Animal Disease Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Greenport, New York 11944, USA. teresa.delossantos@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - February 2009 SP - 1800 EP - 1810 VL - 83 IS - 4 KW - Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4G KW - 0 KW - NF-kappa B KW - Transcription Factor RelA KW - Endopeptidases KW - EC 3.4.- KW - leader proteinase, foot-and-mouth disease virus KW - EC 3.4.99.- KW - Index Medicus KW - Swine KW - Animals KW - Viral Plaque Assay KW - Transcription Factor RelA -- metabolism KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Mutation, Missense KW - Microscopy, Fluorescence KW - Mutagenesis, Site-Directed KW - Cattle KW - Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4G -- metabolism KW - Sequence Alignment KW - Conserved Sequence KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Protein Structure, Tertiary KW - Cell Line KW - Protein Transport KW - NF-kappa B -- metabolism KW - Virus Replication KW - Endopeptidases -- genetics KW - Endopeptidases -- metabolism KW - Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66864318?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+virology&rft.atitle=A+conserved+domain+in+the+leader+proteinase+of+foot-and-mouth+disease+virus+is+required+for+proper+subcellular+localization+and+function.&rft.au=de+los+Santos%2C+Teresa%3BSegundo%2C+Fayna+Diaz-San%3BZhu%2C+James%3BKoster%2C+Marla%3BDias%2C+Camila+C+A%3BGrubman%2C+Marvin+J&rft.aulast=de+los+Santos&rft.aufirst=Teresa&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1800&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+virology&rft.issn=1098-5514&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FJVI.02112-08 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-02-13 N1 - Date created - 2009-01-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Virol. 1999 Dec;73(12):9891-8 [10559301] FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol. 2008 Jun;53(1):8-17 [18400012] Mol Cell Biol. 2000 Oct;20(20):7480-9 [11003645] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 Mar 13;98(6):3203-7 [11248056] J Virol. 2001 Jun;75(12):5498-503 [11356957] J Immunol. 2002 May 1;168(9):4781-7 [11971029] J Virol. 2002 Oct;76(19):9664-72 [12208945] FEBS Lett. 2003 Nov 6;554(1-2):111-8 [14596924] Vaccine. 2003 Dec 12;22(2):268-79 [14615155] J Virol. 2004 Apr;78(8):4357-62 [15047849] Clin Microbiol Rev. 2004 Apr;17(2):465-93 [15084510] J Biol Chem. 2004 Jun 4;279(23):24873-80 [15140884] J Virol. 2004 Sep;78(18):10166-77 [15331749] J Gen Virol. 2004 Oct;85(Pt 10):2953-62 [15448358] J Virol. 1984 Aug;51(2):298-305 [6205165] J Virol. 1988 Nov;62(11):4407-9 [2845152] Vet Microbiol. 1988 Sep;18(1):1-14 [2847400] J Virol. 1992 Dec;66(12):7168-75 [1331517] Virology. 1993 May;194(1):355-9 [8386879] J Virol. 1993 Sep;67(9):5139-45 [8394441] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Mar 1;91(5):1796-800 [8127884] J Virol. 1994 Sep;68(9):5677-84 [8057448] J Virol. 1995 Jan;69(1):560-3 [7983755] J Virol. 1995 Aug;69(8):4950-6 [7609064] J Virol. 1995 Sep;69(9):5376-82 [7636982] Virology. 1995 Oct 20;213(1):140-6 [7483257] J Virol. 1996 Aug;70(8):5638-41 [8764079] Virology. 1996 Dec 1;226(1):135-9 [8941332] Nature. 1997 Nov 20;390(6657):308-11 [9384386] Vaccine. 1998 Oct;16(16):1516-22 [9711798] EMBO J. 1998 Dec 15;17(24):7469-79 [9857201] Mol Cell Biol. 2005 Feb;25(3):1113-23 [15657437] J Virol. 2005 May;79(9):5241-8 [15827138] J Virol. 2005 May;79(10):6487-504 [15858032] J Biol Chem. 2005 Jun 24;280(25):24153-8 [15845545] Nat Rev Immunol. 2005 Aug;5(8):593-605 [16056253] Int Immunol. 2005 Nov;17(11):1367-78 [16214811] Virology. 2006 Jan 5;344(1):119-30 [16364743] Nucleic Acids Res. 2006 Jan 1;34(Database issue):D257-60 [16381859] J Virol. 2006 Feb;80(4):1906-14 [16439546] Cell Res. 2006 Feb;16(2):196-202 [16474434] J Virol. 2006 Mar;80(6):2705-17 [16501080] J Virol. 2007 Apr;81(8):3677-84 [17267501] J Virol. 2007 Jul;81(13):7124-35 [17459931] Biochimie. 2007 Jun-Jul;89(6-7):819-30 [17343971] J Virol. 2007 Dec;81(23):12803-15 [17881445] J Virol. 2008 May;82(9):4656-9 [18305051] Trends Biochem Sci. 2000 Mar;25(3):112-4 [10694879] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JVI.02112-08 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Production of mRNA from the cry1Ac transgene differs among Bollgard lines which correlates to the level of subsequent protein. AN - 66815728; 18594999 AB - Commercial cultivars of Bollgard cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., differ in the amount of expressed Cry1Ac protein. However, the plant-mechanism for which this occurs is still unknown. Using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), we developed a method to determine if differences in the overall level of Cry1Ac among Bollgard lines could be correlated to the mRNA transcripts. Our data shows that the cry1Ac mRNA transcript differs among Bollgard lines and are correlated with corresponding Cry1Ac protein levels. In addition, qPCR based methods can efficiently be employed to quantify Cry1Ac protein expression levels in transgenic cotton cultivars. We postulate that qPCR based methods could be successfully employed for quantifying expression levels of transgenes in plants carrying different Bt toxins. JF - Transgenic research AU - Adamczyk, John J AU - Perera, Omaththage AU - Meredith, William R AD - USDA, ARS, Southern Insect Management Research Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776, USA. John.Adamczyk@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - February 2009 SP - 143 EP - 149 VL - 18 IS - 1 SN - 0962-8819, 0962-8819 KW - Bacterial Proteins KW - 0 KW - Endotoxins KW - Hemolysin Proteins KW - Insecticides KW - RNA, Messenger KW - insecticidal crystal protein, Bacillus Thuringiensis KW - Index Medicus KW - Insecticides -- metabolism KW - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay KW - Pest Control, Biological KW - Bacterial Proteins -- genetics KW - Gossypium -- metabolism KW - Bacterial Proteins -- metabolism KW - Hemolysin Proteins -- genetics KW - Plants, Genetically Modified -- genetics KW - Transgenes -- physiology KW - Plants, Genetically Modified -- metabolism KW - RNA, Messenger -- genetics KW - Hemolysin Proteins -- metabolism KW - Endotoxins -- genetics KW - Endotoxins -- metabolism KW - RNA, Messenger -- metabolism KW - Gossypium -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66815728?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transgenic+research&rft.atitle=Production+of+mRNA+from+the+cry1Ac+transgene+differs+among+Bollgard+lines+which+correlates+to+the+level+of+subsequent+protein.&rft.au=Adamczyk%2C+John+J%3BPerera%2C+Omaththage%3BMeredith%2C+William+R&rft.aulast=Adamczyk&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=143&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transgenic+research&rft.issn=09628819&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11248-008-9198-z LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-04-24 N1 - Date created - 2009-01-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11248-008-9198-z ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis induced by a high-fat diet promotes diethylnitrosamine-initiated early hepatocarcinogenesis in rats. AN - 66730700; 19004024 AB - It has been suggested that patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) may have high risk for liver cancer. However, it is unknown whether high-fat diet (HFD) induced NASH promotes hepatocarcinogenesis. In this study, Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with a low dose of hepatic carcinogen diethylnitrosamine (DEN) and then fed either Lieber-DeCarli control diet (CD) or HFD for 6 weeks. Liver histology and the hepatic placental form of glutathione S-transferase (P-GST) positive foci were examined. Expression levels of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), cyclinD1, phosphorylated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) including extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and p38, as well as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) were measured in the liver. Induction of lipid peroxidation end products (malondialdehyde plus 4-hydroxynonenal) in liver and apoptotic hepatocytes were also assessed. Results showed that HFD-fed rats developed significantly higher incidence and multiplicity of P-GST positive foci along with more fat accumulation, infiltration of inflammatory cells and higher lipid peroxidation in the liver, when compared with rats fed the CD. This high prevalence of hepatic lesions in the liver was accompanied by greater PCNA expression and cyclinD1 protein concentration but little change in hepatocyte apoptosis. HFD feeding elevated hepatic phosphorylated ERK but reduced phosphorylated p38 when compared with the CD feeding. In addition, a significantly higher expression of TNF-alpha mRNA and nuclear NF-kappaB p65 protein were observed in HFD group than in CD group. These data clearly demonstrate that NASH induced by HFD promoted DEN-initiated early hepatocarcinogenesis, which was associated with elevated TNF-alpha/NF-kappaB signaling and MAPK related hepatocyte proliferation. Copyright (c) 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. JF - International journal of cancer AU - Wang, Yan AU - Ausman, Lynne M AU - Greenberg, Andrew S AU - Russell, Robert M AU - Wang, Xiang-Dong AD - Nutrition and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA. Y1 - 2009/02/01/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Feb 01 SP - 540 EP - 546 VL - 124 IS - 3 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Dietary Fats KW - NF-kappa B KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha KW - Diethylnitrosamine KW - 3IQ78TTX1A KW - Glutathione S-Transferase pi KW - EC 2.5.1.18 KW - Gstp1 protein, rat KW - Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases KW - EC 2.7.11.24 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Diethylnitrosamine -- toxicity KW - Signal Transduction -- physiology KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases -- metabolism KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Diet KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha -- metabolism KW - Glutathione S-Transferase pi -- biosynthesis KW - NF-kappa B -- metabolism KW - Fatty Liver -- complications KW - Liver Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Liver Neoplasms -- complications KW - Dietary Fats -- adverse effects KW - Liver Neoplasms -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66730700?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+journal+of+cancer&rft.atitle=Nonalcoholic+steatohepatitis+induced+by+a+high-fat+diet+promotes+diethylnitrosamine-initiated+early+hepatocarcinogenesis+in+rats.&rft.au=Wang%2C+Yan%3BAusman%2C+Lynne+M%3BGreenberg%2C+Andrew+S%3BRussell%2C+Robert+M%3BWang%2C+Xiang-Dong&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Yan&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=124&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=540&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+journal+of+cancer&rft.issn=1097-0215&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fijc.23995 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2008-12-30 N1 - Date created - 2008-11-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Oncogene. 1999 Nov 22;18(49):6853-66 [10602461] J Biol Chem. 1995 Mar 31;270(13):7420-6 [7535770] Cell. 2000 Oct 13;103(2):239-52 [11057897] J Hepatol. 2000 Nov;33(5):716-24 [11097478] J Exp Med. 2000 Dec 18;192(12):1809-18 [11120777] J Clin Invest. 2001 Feb;107(3):241-6 [11160144] Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2002 Feb;282(2):G193-9 [11804839] Oncogene. 2002 Feb 28;21(10):1539-47 [11896582] Nat Genet. 2002 Jun;31(2):210-5 [12021785] J Cell Physiol. 2002 Jul;192(1):1-15 [12115731] Nature. 2002 Dec 19-26;420(6917):860-7 [12490959] Cancer. 2003 Jun 15;97(12):3017-26 [12784337] Cancer Res. 2003 Jul 1;63(13):3473-7 [12839928] Genes Dev. 2003 Aug 15;17(16):1969-78 [12893778] Lancet Oncol. 2003 Sep;4(9):565-73 [12965278] Oncogene. 2003 Dec 8;22(56):8961-82 [14663476] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2004 Mar 12;315(3):699-703 [14975757] Am J Clin Nutr. 2004 Mar;79(3):502-9 [14985228] Nat Genet. 2004 Apr;36(4):343-50 [14991053] J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2004 Aug;19(8):854-8 [15242486] Clin Liver Dis. 2004 Aug;8(3):521-33, viii [15331061] Gan. 1984 Mar;75(3):199-202 [6724227] Science. 1996 Nov 15;274(5290):1194-7 [8895468] Gastroenterology. 1998 Apr;114(4):842-5 [9547102] J Investig Dermatol Symp Proc. 1998 Aug;3(1):23-7 [9732053] Gastroenterology. 1999 Jun;116(6):1413-9 [10348825] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1999 Jul 7;91(13):1147-54 [10393723] Mol Cell Biol. 1999 Sep;19(9):6003-11 [10454547] Am J Gastroenterol. 1999 Sep;94(9):2467-74 [10484010] Cell. 2005 Jul 1;121(7):977-90 [15989949] Cancer Lett. 2005 Nov 18;229(2):157-69 [16125305] Nitric Oxide. 2006 Mar;14(2):91-100 [16099698] J Hepatol. 2006 May;44(5):918-29 [16310883] Clin Liver Dis. 2007 Feb;11(1):191-207, x-xi [17544979] Biochim Biophys Acta. 2007 Aug;1773(8):1358-75 [17481747] Cancer Surv. 1986;5(4):781-98 [3304621] Hepatology. 1990 Jan;11(1):74-80 [2295475] Cancer Lett. 1989 Oct;47(3):163-7 [2699723] Carcinogenesis. 1994 Jul;15(7):1451-8 [8033324] Cell Growth Differ. 1999 Dec;10(12):819-28 [10616907] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ijc.23995 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biotransformations of 2-Methylisoborneol by Camphor-Degrading Bacteria AN - 21499942; 12510580 AB - Many camphor-degrading bacteria that are able to transform 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB) have been identified. Three of these strains have been examined in detail. Rhodococcus ruber T1 metabolizes camphor through 6-hydroxycamphor but converts 2-MIB to 3-hydroxy-2-MIB. Pseudomonas putida G1, which metabolizes camphor through 5-hydroxycamphor, converts MIB primarily to 6-hydroxy-2-MIB. Rhodococcus wratislaviensis DLC-cam converts 2-MIB through 5-hydroxy-2-MIB to 5-keto-2-MIB. Together, these three strains produce metabolites resulting from hydroxylation at all of the three available secondary carbons on the six-member ring of 2-MIB. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Eaton, Richard W AU - Sandusky, Peter AD - Southern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, New Orleans, Louisiana 70124, richard.eaton@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 583 EP - 588 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA VL - 75 IS - 3 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Pseudomonas putida KW - 2-Methylisoborneol KW - A 01340:Antibiotics & Antimicrobials KW - J 02340:Antibiotics & Antimicrobials UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21499942?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Biotransformations+of+2-Methylisoborneol+by+Camphor-Degrading+Bacteria&rft.au=Eaton%2C+Richard+W%3BSandusky%2C+Peter&rft.aulast=Eaton&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=583&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAEM.02126-08 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 2-Methylisoborneol; Pseudomonas putida DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.02126-08 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potato Production and Breeding in China AN - 21334379; 11720397 AB - China is the world's leading producer of potatoes, growing 22% of all potatoes. Production continues to rise, owing to increases in both land devoted to potato production and yield per hectare. Most potato production occurs in the northern and southwest regions of the country. The processing of coarse starch is the most important component of the potato processing industry in China, but other processing industries, such as crisps and French fries, are expanding. Major production constraints include inadequate germplasm resources for cultivar development, the lack of high quality seed potatoes, and limited access to equipment for mechanized cultivation, planting, fertilizing, spraying, and harvesting. Additional weaknesses in storage and transportation technologies must be addressed, as they are the major constraints for the healthy development of the potato industry. The introduction and improvement of these technologies will ensure the sustainable development of the potato industry in China. JF - Potato Research AU - Jansky, SH AU - Jin, L P AU - Xie, KY AU - Xie, CH AU - Spooner, D M AD - USDA-ARS, Department of Horticulture, 1575 Linden Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA, shelley.jansky@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 57 EP - 65 PB - Springer-Verlag (Heidelberg), Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 52 IS - 1 SN - 0014-3065, 0014-3065 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Sustainable development KW - planting KW - Storage KW - Transportation KW - breeding KW - harvesting KW - Solanum tuberosum KW - cultivars KW - cultivation KW - China, People's Rep. KW - Technology KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21334379?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Potato+Research&rft.atitle=Potato+Production+and+Breeding+in+China&rft.au=Jansky%2C+SH%3BJin%2C+L+P%3BXie%2C+KY%3BXie%2C+CH%3BSpooner%2C+D+M&rft.aulast=Jansky&rft.aufirst=SH&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=57&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Potato+Research&rft.issn=00143065&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11540-008-9121-2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Solanum tuberosum; China, People's Rep.; Technology; harvesting; Transportation; planting; cultivars; breeding; cultivation; Sustainable development; Storage DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11540-008-9121-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitative Evidence for Increasing Forest Fire Severity in the Sierra Nevada and Southern Cascade Mountains, California and Nevada, USA AN - 21287547; 11767892 AB - Recent research has concluded that forest wildfires in the western United States are becoming larger and more frequent. A more significant question may be whether the ecosystem impacts of wildfire are also increasing. We show that a large area (approximately 120000km super(2)) of California and western Nevada experienced a notable increase in the extent of forest stand-replacing ('high severity') fire between 1984 and 2006. High severity forest fire is closely linked to forest fragmentation, wildlife habitat availability, erosion rates and sedimentation, post-fire seedling recruitment, carbon sequestration, and various other ecosystem properties and processes. Mean and maximum fire size, and the area burned annually have also all risen substantially since the beginning of the 1980s, and are now at or above values from the decades preceding the 1940s, when fire suppression became national policy. These trends are occurring in concert with a regional rise in temperature and a long-term increase in annual precipitation. A close examination of the climate-fire relationship and other evidence suggests that forest fuels are no longer limiting fire occurrence and behavior across much of the study region. We conclude that current trends in forest fire severity necessitate a re-examination of the implications of all-out fire suppression and its ecological impacts. JF - Ecosystems AU - Miller, J D AU - Safford, H D AU - Crimmins, M AU - Thode, A E AD - USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Region, Vallejo, California, 94592, USA Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 16 EP - 32 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 12 IS - 1 SN - 1432-9840, 1432-9840 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - wildfire KW - Ecosystems KW - Rainfall KW - Fuels KW - Forests KW - USA, Nevada KW - Mountains KW - Carbon sequestration KW - Carbon KW - recruitment KW - USA, California KW - Sedimentation KW - Temperature effects KW - Fires KW - Forest fires KW - Wildlife KW - Climate KW - Recruitment KW - Temperature KW - Precipitation KW - USA, California, Sierra Nevada Mts. KW - Erosion KW - Wildfire KW - habitat availability KW - USA, Cascade Mts. KW - Seedlings KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21287547?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecosystems&rft.atitle=Quantitative+Evidence+for+Increasing+Forest+Fire+Severity+in+the+Sierra+Nevada+and+Southern+Cascade+Mountains%2C+California+and+Nevada%2C+USA&rft.au=Miller%2C+J+D%3BSafford%2C+H+D%3BCrimmins%2C+M%3BThode%2C+A+E&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=16&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecosystems&rft.issn=14329840&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10021-008-9201-9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Fires; Carbon; Wildfire; Recruitment; Forests; Precipitation; Sedimentation; wildfire; Ecosystems; Forest fires; Fuels; Rainfall; Climate; Wildlife; Temperature; Mountains; Carbon sequestration; Erosion; habitat availability; recruitment; Seedlings; USA, Cascade Mts.; USA, Nevada; USA, California; USA, California, Sierra Nevada Mts. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10021-008-9201-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental Fate of the Herbicide MCPA in Two Soils as Affected by the Presence of Wheat Ash AN - 21280760; 11714988 AB - This study was conducted to evaluate the environmental fate processes of the herbicide (4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)acetic acid (MCPA) in agricultural soils in the presence and absence of ash originating from the burning of wheat residue. The ash-amended soils (1% ash by weight) were approximately 8-16 times more effective than the ash-free soils in sorbing MCPA. The desorption results showed that 40-78% of initially sorbed MCPA were desorbed in both soils, depending on the initial MCPA concentration in solution. Addition of ash to soils decreased the desorption of MCPA by approximately 20%. Degradation of MCPA was substantially reduced in the presence of the ash. A 6-week incubation resulted in 50-85% of MCPA microbially degraded in ash-amended soils, as compared to >85-100% in ash-free soils under the same conditions. JF - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution AU - Hiller, Edgar AU - Barta, Mikulas AU - Milicka, Jan AU - Ceransky, Slavomir AD - Department of Geochemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynska dolina, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovak Republic, hiller@fns.uniba.sk Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 395 EP - 402 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 197 IS - 1-4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Environment Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - wheat KW - Desorption KW - Residues KW - Degradation KW - Ash KW - Environmental impact KW - agricultural land KW - Herbicides KW - Soil contamination KW - burning KW - Soil KW - Soil pollution KW - Triticum aestivum KW - Burning KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - A 01320:Microbial Degradation KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21280760?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Environmental+Fate+of+the+Herbicide+MCPA+in+Two+Soils+as+Affected+by+the+Presence+of+Wheat+Ash&rft.au=Hiller%2C+Edgar%3BBarta%2C+Mikulas%3BMilicka%2C+Jan%3BCeransky%2C+Slavomir&rft.aulast=Hiller&rft.aufirst=Edgar&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=197&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=395&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11270-008-9820-y LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil pollution; Desorption; Herbicides; Burning; wheat; Soil; Degradation; Residues; Ash; Environmental impact; agricultural land; Soil contamination; burning; Triticum aestivum DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11270-008-9820-y ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of antilisterial bacteriocins produced by Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus durans isolates from Hispanic-style cheeses AN - 21274055; 11726451 AB - Enterococci are often identified as constituents of the indigenous microflora from raw milk artisanal cheeses and are believed to contribute to the unique organoleptic qualities of these products. Many strains of enterococci are also known to produce antimicrobial peptides, enterocins, which may prevent the growth of certain food-born pathogens. In this study 33 enterococcal isolates from Hispanic-style cheeses were screened for the production of bacteriocins. Of the 33 isolates, 5 Enterococcus faecium and 1 Enterococcus durans isolates inhibited the growth of Listeria spp. The antilisterial activity was lost after treatment with pepsin, trypsin, pronase, proteinase K and a-chymotrypsin suggesting the active component was a protein or peptide. The active compounds were heat stable and had molecular weights between 4 and 8kDa, which is characteristic of Class II enterocins. A PCR screen showed that four E. faecium isolates contained nucleic acid sequences for multiple enterocins. Isolate H41K contained entA and entP; and isolates H51Ca, H51Cb and H41B contained entA, entP and entL50AB, with H41B also containing entB. All PCR tests performed were negative for E. faecium isolate H41D, suggesting the production of a novel enterocin. The isolates were also screened for susceptibility to antibiotics, with only two showing low-level resistance to vancomycin (8kgml super(-l)). However, three isolates were highly resistant to both tetracycline and kanamycin, with two of the isolates also showing high resistance to erythromycin. JF - Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology AU - Renye, John A AU - Somkuti, George A AU - Paul, Moushumi AU - Van Hekken, Diane L AD - United States Department of Agriculture, Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, 600 E. Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA, 190398, USA, john.renye@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 261 EP - 268 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 36 IS - 2 SN - 1367-5435, 1367-5435 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Bacteriocins KW - Antibacterial activity KW - Food KW - Pronase KW - Kanamycin KW - Antibiotics KW - Tetracyclines KW - Listeria KW - Enterococcus faecium KW - Molecular weight KW - Vancomycin KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Bacteria KW - Milk KW - Trypsin KW - Pepsin A KW - Organoleptic properties KW - Pathogens KW - Erythromycin KW - Endopeptidase K KW - Enterococcus durans KW - enterocins KW - nucleic acids KW - Heat KW - a-Chymotrypsin KW - Microflora KW - Antimicrobial peptides KW - J 02320:Cell Biology KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology KW - W 30915:Pharmaceuticals & Vaccines UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21274055?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Industrial+Microbiology+%26+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+antilisterial+bacteriocins+produced+by+Enterococcus+faecium+and+Enterococcus+durans+isolates+from+Hispanic-style+cheeses&rft.au=Renye%2C+John+A%3BSomkuti%2C+George+A%3BPaul%2C+Moushumi%3BVan+Hekken%2C+Diane+L&rft.aulast=Renye&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=261&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Industrial+Microbiology+%26+Biotechnology&rft.issn=13675435&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10295-008-0494-7 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-12-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bacteriocins; Milk; Antibacterial activity; Trypsin; Pronase; Food; Pepsin A; Organoleptic properties; Antibiotics; Kanamycin; Pathogens; Tetracyclines; Erythromycin; Endopeptidase K; enterocins; nucleic acids; Heat; Molecular weight; a-Chymotrypsin; Microflora; Polymerase chain reaction; Vancomycin; Antimicrobial peptides; Bacteria; Listeria; Enterococcus faecium; Enterococcus durans DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10295-008-0494-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Insoluble glucans from planktonic and biofilm cultures of mutants of Leuconostoc mesenteroides NRRL B-1355 AN - 21269413; 11726238 AB - Leuconostoc mesenteroides strain NRRL B-1355 produces the soluble exopolysaccharides alternan and dextran in planktonic cultures. Mutants of this strain are available that are deficient in the production of alternan, dextran, or both. Our recent work demonstrated that biofilms from mutant strains contained insoluble polysaccharides. We now find that the insoluble polysaccharides are composed of d-glucose polymers with contiguous sequences of a(113) and a(116) linkages. In addition, planktonic cultures of the wild type also produce this insoluble mixture in association with the cell mass. This material is similar to the insoluble glucan matrix known as mutan formed by cariogenic strains of streptococci. The production of insoluble mutan-like glucans may be more widespread among Leuconostoc spp. than previously recognized. JF - Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology AU - Cote, Gregory L AU - Leathers, Timothy D AD - Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Bioproducts and Biocatalysis Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, 1815 N. University St., Peoria, IL, 61604, USA, greg.cote@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 149 EP - 154 PB - Springer-Verlag, Heidelberger Platz 3 Berlin 14197 Germany VL - 82 IS - 1 SN - 0175-7598, 0175-7598 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Dextran KW - Glucose KW - Cell culture KW - Strains KW - Polysaccharides KW - exopolysaccharides KW - Leuconostoc KW - Microbiology KW - Biofilms KW - Leuconostoc mesenteroides KW - glucans KW - Plankton KW - Biotechnology KW - Q1 08461:Plankton KW - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up KW - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment KW - J 02320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21269413?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Microbiology+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Insoluble+glucans+from+planktonic+and+biofilm+cultures+of+mutants+of+Leuconostoc+mesenteroides+NRRL+B-1355&rft.au=Cote%2C+Gregory+L%3BLeathers%2C+Timothy+D&rft.aulast=Cote&rft.aufirst=Gregory&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=149&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Microbiology+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=01757598&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00253-008-1767-9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Microbiology; Biofilms; Polysaccharides; Strains; Biotechnology; Plankton; Dextran; Glucose; Cell culture; exopolysaccharides; glucans; Leuconostoc; Leuconostoc mesenteroides DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00253-008-1767-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hemlock Declines Rapidly with Hemlock Woolly Adelgid Infestation: Impacts on the Carbon Cycle of Southern Appalachian Forests AN - 21226856; 11767903 AB - The recent infestation of southern Appalachian eastern hemlock stands by hemlock woolly adelgid (HWA) is expected to have dramatic and lasting effects on forest structure and function. We studied the short-term changes to the carbon cycle in a mixed stand of hemlock and hardwoods, where hemlock was declining due to either girdling or HWA infestation. We expected that hemlock would decline more rapidly from girdling than from HWA infestation. Unexpectedly, in response to both girdling and HWA infestation, hemlock basal area increment (BAI) reduced substantially compared to reference hardwoods in 3years. This decline was concurrent with moderate increases in the BAI of co-occurring hardwoods. Although the girdling treatment resulted in an initial pulse of hemlock needle inputs, cumulative litter inputs and O horizon mass did not differ between treatments over the study period. Following girdling and HWA infestation, very fine root biomass declined by 20-40% in 2years, which suggests hemlock root mortality in the girdling treatment, and a reduction in hemlock root production in the HWA treatment. Soil CO sub(2) efflux (E sub(soil)) declined by approximately 20% in 1year after both girdling and HWA infestation, even after accounting for the intra-annual variability of soil temperature and moisture. The reduction in E sub(soil) and the concurrent declines in BAI and standing very fine root biomass suggest rapid declines in hemlock productivity from HWA infestation. The accelerated inputs of detritus resulting from hemlock mortality are likely to influence carbon and nutrient fluxes, and dictate future patterns of species regeneration in these forest ecosystems. JF - Ecosystems AU - Nuckolls, April E AU - Wurzburger, Nina AU - Ford, Chelcy R AU - Hendrick, Ronald L AU - Vose, James M AU - Kloeppel, Brian D AD - Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory, USDA Forest Service SRS, Otto, North Carolina, 28763, USA, crford@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 179 EP - 190 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 12 IS - 2 SN - 1432-9840, 1432-9840 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - Biomass KW - Carbon cycle KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Forests KW - Girdling KW - Hardwoods KW - Infestation KW - Mortality KW - Roots KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Z 05350:Medical, Veterinary, and Agricultural Entomology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21226856?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecosystems&rft.atitle=Hemlock+Declines+Rapidly+with+Hemlock+Woolly+Adelgid+Infestation%3A+Impacts+on+the+Carbon+Cycle+of+Southern+Appalachian+Forests&rft.au=Nuckolls%2C+April+E%3BWurzburger%2C+Nina%3BFord%2C+Chelcy+R%3BHendrick%2C+Ronald+L%3BVose%2C+James+M%3BKloeppel%2C+Brian+D&rft.aulast=Nuckolls&rft.aufirst=April&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=179&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecosystems&rft.issn=14329840&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10021-008-9215-3 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mortality; Infestation; Girdling; Carbon cycle; Forests; Roots; Carbon dioxide; Biomass; Hardwoods DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10021-008-9215-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Photosynthetically active radiation use efficiency of Dactylis glomerata and Schedonorus phoenix along a hardwood tree-induced light gradient AN - 21225944; 11718132 AB - Photosynthetically active radiation use efficiency (PARUE) of orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) and tall fescue (Schedonorus phoenix (Scop.) Holub) was determined. Leaf mass was harvested for canopies at different shade levels when each reached 20cm height with 5cm residue for regrowth to simulate grazing. Total incident PAR at each site was summed for the growth period (S-PAR). Values for PARUE were calculated from dried leaf mass divided by S-PAR. The more highly shaded plants reached 20cm at lower S-PAR. While overall leaf mass decreased linearly with shade induced decreases in S-PAR, PARUE increased exponentially. The coefficients for the equations representing this exponential increase vary for forage species and may represent a useful index for characterizing forage response to silvopastoral systems. JF - Agroforestry Systems AU - Feldhake, Charles M AU - Belesky, D P AD - USDA-ARS, Appalachian Farming Systems Research Center, 1224 Airport Rd, Beaver, WV, 25813-9423, USA, charlie.feldhake@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 189 EP - 196 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 75 IS - 2 SN - 0167-4366, 0167-4366 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Efficiency KW - regrowth KW - Residues KW - grazing KW - forage KW - hardwoods KW - agroforestry KW - canopies KW - ENA 14:Radiological Contamination UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21225944?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agroforestry+Systems&rft.atitle=Photosynthetically+active+radiation+use+efficiency+of+Dactylis+glomerata+and+Schedonorus+phoenix+along+a+hardwood+tree-induced+light+gradient&rft.au=Feldhake%2C+Charles+M%3BBelesky%2C+D+P&rft.aulast=Feldhake&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=189&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agroforestry+Systems&rft.issn=01674366&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10457-008-9175-9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Efficiency; regrowth; grazing; Residues; hardwoods; forage; canopies; agroforestry DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10457-008-9175-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Temporal Analysis of Cotton Boll Symptoms Resulting From Southern Green Stink Bug Feeding and Transmission of a Bacterial Pathogen AN - 21209661; 11204940 AB - The southern green stink bug, Nezara viridula (L.), is a significant pest of cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., and is becoming an increasing challenge due to the decrease in use of broad-spectrum insecticides on the crop. The southern green stink bug can vector an opportunistic Pantoea agglomerans strain (designated Sc 1-R) into cotton bolls, resulting in infection. The appearance of stink bug damage varies, and pest managers cannot readily identify its source. This research reports a systematic depiction of green, immature boll responses at various stages of maturity (1, 2, and 3 wk post-anthesis [WPA]) to stink bug injury and to infection by the vectored cotton pathogen by demonstrating the progression of effects 1, 2, and 3 wk after exposure (WAE). When laboratory-reared adult southern green stink bug not harboring Sc 1-R deposited bacteria into greenhouse-grown bolls at 1, 2, or 3 WPA during feeding/probing, bacteria reached concentrations of 109, 109, and 103 colony-forming units (CFUs)/g tissue, respectively, at 3 WAE, yet caused minimal seed and lint damage regardless of the age of the bolls that were penetrated. Bolls at a maturity of 1 or 2 WPA showed similar susceptibility when exposed to stink bugs that vectored Sc 1-R. After a week of infection, seeds were salmon-pink with normal white lint and up to 104 CFUs/g tissue when Sc 1-R was detected. Necrosis of the entire inoculated locule(s) with a maximum Sc 1-R concentration detected at 108 CFUs/g tissue occurred in samples harvested 2 or 3 WAE. Conversely, seed and lint deterioration due to the transmitted opportunist into bolls exposed 3 WPA was confined to the puncture site. In summary, after a week of development, bolls were tolerant to southern green stink bug feeding/ probing damage and to nonpathogenic bacteria, but they were severely damaged when the opportunistic pathogen Sc 1-R was transmitted. At 3 WPA, the fruit was immune to the spread of the pathogen with infections confined to the puncture site. JF - Journal of Economic Entomology AU - Medrano, Enrique Gino AU - Esquivel, Jesus F AU - Nichols, Robert L AU - Bell, Alois A Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 36 EP - 42 PB - Entomological Society of America, 9301 Annapolis Rd. Lanham MD 20706 USA VL - 102 IS - 1 SN - 0022-0493, 0022-0493 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Entomology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Age KW - Colony-forming cells KW - Crops KW - Disease transmission KW - Feeding KW - Fruits KW - Infection KW - Injuries KW - Insecticides KW - Maturity KW - Necrosis KW - Opportunist infection KW - Pathogens KW - Pests KW - Seeds KW - Vectors KW - Pantoea agglomerans KW - Nezara viridula KW - Salmonidae KW - Bacteria KW - Gossypium hirsutum KW - J 02310:Genetics & Taxonomy KW - A 01380:Plant Protection, Fungicides & Seed Treatments KW - Z 05350:Medical, Veterinary, and Agricultural Entomology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21209661?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Economic+Entomology&rft.atitle=Temporal+Analysis+of+Cotton+Boll+Symptoms+Resulting+From+Southern+Green+Stink+Bug+Feeding+and+Transmission+of+a+Bacterial+Pathogen&rft.au=Medrano%2C+Enrique+Gino%3BEsquivel%2C+Jesus+F%3BNichols%2C+Robert+L%3BBell%2C+Alois+A&rft.aulast=Medrano&rft.aufirst=Enrique&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=36&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Economic+Entomology&rft.issn=00220493&rft_id=info:doi/10.1603%2F029.102.0106 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Feeding; Fruits; Age; Seeds; Injuries; Vectors; Pathogens; Infection; Crops; Disease transmission; Opportunist infection; Necrosis; Insecticides; Colony-forming cells; Pests; Maturity; Bacteria; Nezara viridula; Pantoea agglomerans; Salmonidae; Gossypium hirsutum DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/029.102.0106 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Isolate Designation and Characterization of Toxoplasma gondii Isolates From Pigs in the United States AN - 21200660; 11588355 AB - Pigs are considered to be the most important meat source of Toxoplasma gondii for humans in the United States. In the present study, 168 T. gondii isolates (designated TgPgUs15-182) from various sources were genotyped using 10 polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) markers (SAG1, SAG2, SAG3, BTUB, GRA6, c22-8, c29-2, L358, PK1, and Apico). Genotyping data from an additional 14 isolates collected from T. gondii-infected pigs in Maryland were included for analysis. Nine genotypes (1-9) were recognized from the 182 T. gondii isolates. Most (56%, 102) isolates were clonal Type II (genotypes 1 and 2) and 27% (49) were clonal Type III (genotype 3) strains. Genotype 4 had Type II alleles, with the exception of Type I alleles at loci Apico and L358. Eight isolates (genotype 5) from Iowa had a combination of alleles I, II, and III at different loci. The remaining 6 isolates were divided into genotypes 6-9 and had a combination of different alleles. Eight of the 9 genotypes were previously reported in different animal species and geographic regions. In conclusion, along with the predominance of clonal Type II and III strains, a few diverse, previously unrecognized T. gondii lineages were found circulating in domestic pigs used for human consumption. JF - Journal of Parasitology AU - Velmurugan, G V AU - Su, C AU - Dubey, J P AD - United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Animal and Natural Resources Institute, Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, Building 1001, Beltsville, Maryland 20705-2350., jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 95 EP - 99 PB - American Society of Parasitologists VL - 95 IS - 1 SN - 0022-3395, 0022-3395 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Meat KW - Data processing KW - Toxoplasma gondii KW - Genotyping KW - Gene polymorphism KW - Restriction fragment length polymorphism KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - K 03310:Genetics & Taxonomy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21200660?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Parasitology&rft.atitle=Isolate+Designation+and+Characterization+of+Toxoplasma+gondii+Isolates+From+Pigs+in+the+United+States&rft.au=Velmurugan%2C+G+V%3BSu%2C+C%3BDubey%2C+J+P&rft.aulast=Velmurugan&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=95&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=95&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Parasitology&rft.issn=00223395&rft_id=info:doi/10.1645%2FGE-1746.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-04-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Meat; Data processing; Gene polymorphism; Genotyping; Restriction fragment length polymorphism; Polymerase chain reaction; Toxoplasma gondii DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1645/GE-1746.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxoplasmosis in Captive Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) and Walrus (Odobenus rosmarus) AN - 21185266; 11588358 AB - Toxoplasma gondii infection in marine mammals is intriguing and indicative of contamination of the ocean environment and coastal waters with oocysts. Toxoplasma gondii infection was detected in captive marine mammals at a sea aquarium in Canada. Antibodies to T. gondii were found in all 7 bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) tested. Two of these dolphins, as well as a walrus (Odobenus rosmarus) at the facility, died. Encephalitis and T. gondii tissue cysts were identified in histological sections of the brain of 1 dolphin (dolphin no. 1). Another dolphin (dolphin no. 2) had mild focal encephalitis without visible organisms, but viable T. gondii was isolated by bioassay in mice and cats from its brain and skeletal muscle; this strain was designated TgDoCA1. The PCR-RFLP typing using 11 markers (B1, SAG1, SAG2, SAG3, BTUB, GRA6, c22-8, c29-2, L358, PK1, and Apico) identified a Type II strain. The DNA sequencing of B1 and SAG1 alleles amplified from TgDoCA1 and directly from the brains of dolphin no. 1 and the walrus showed archetypal alleles consistent with infection by a Type II strain. No unique polymorphisms were detected. This is apparently the first report of isolation of T. gondii from a marine mammal in Canada. JF - Journal of Parasitology AU - Dubey, J P AU - Mergl, J AU - Gehring, E AU - Sundar, N AU - Velmurugan, G V AU - Kwok, OCH AU - Grigg, ME AU - Su, C AU - Martineau, D AD - Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, Animal and Natural Resources Institute, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland 20705-2350., jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - February 2009 SP - 82 EP - 85 PB - American Society of Parasitologists VL - 95 IS - 1 SN - 0022-3395, 0022-3395 KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts KW - Odobenus rosmarus KW - Contamination KW - Allelles KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Tursiops truncatus KW - Pollution effects KW - Infection KW - DNA sequencing KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Skeletal muscle KW - Marine KW - Oocysts KW - Restriction fragment length polymorphism KW - Brain KW - ANW, Canada KW - Coastal waters KW - Cysts KW - Toxoplasmosis KW - Encephalitis KW - Antibodies KW - Typing KW - Toxoplasma gondii KW - Oceans KW - Marine mammals KW - DNA KW - K 03410:Animal Diseases KW - Q4 27800:Miscellaneous KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q1 08484:Species interactions: parasites and diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21185266?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Parasitology&rft.atitle=Toxoplasmosis+in+Captive+Dolphins+%28Tursiops+truncatus%29+and+Walrus+%28Odobenus+rosmarus%29&rft.au=Dubey%2C+J+P%3BMergl%2C+J%3BGehring%2C+E%3BSundar%2C+N%3BVelmurugan%2C+G+V%3BKwok%2C+OCH%3BGrigg%2C+ME%3BSu%2C+C%3BMartineau%2C+D&rft.aulast=Dubey&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=95&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=82&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Parasitology&rft.issn=00223395&rft_id=info:doi/10.1645%2FGE-1764.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-26 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Antibodies; Allelles; Nucleotide sequence; Marine mammals; DNA; Brain; Pollution effects; Cysts; Oocysts; Contamination; Restriction fragment length polymorphism; Coastal waters; Infection; Encephalitis; Toxoplasmosis; DNA sequencing; Typing; Oceans; Polymerase chain reaction; Skeletal muscle; Odobenus rosmarus; Toxoplasma gondii; Tursiops truncatus; ANW, Canada; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1645/GE-1764.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mitochondrial DNA Variation and Range Expansion in Western Bean Cutworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): No Evidence for a Recent Population Bottleneck AN - 21138404; 11204784 AB - The western bean cutworm, Striacosta albicosta (Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a pest of both corn and dry bean crops. At the beginning of the 21st century, the species began to extend its range out of the Great Plains, eastward through the Corn Belt. This rapid range expansion is remarkable because the species distribution had been stable for at least the previous half century, despite the apparent abundance of suitable habitat (i.e., cornfields) immediately to the east. We hypothesized that if the western bean cutworm had to overcome a stable barrier to movement before starting the current range expansion, it probably experienced a genetic bottleneck in doing so. To test this hypothesis, variation in the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase one (ND1) gene was studied in populations from Wyoming, Nebraska, and Iowa. No differences in overall genetic diversity or haplotype frequencies indicative of a bottleneck were observed between the recently founded populations in Iowa and the established populations in Wyoming and Nebraska. This result suggests that the sudden loss of an ecological exclusion mechanism, allowing the species to move east in appreciable numbers, is more likely to have triggered the range expansion than the surmounting of an extrinsic barrier to movement. The nature of this mechanism is unknown but might be related to recent changes in corn farming practices and technology. JF - Environmental Entomology AU - Miller, Nicholas J AU - Dorhout, David L AU - Rice, Marlin E AU - Sappington, Thomas W Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 274 EP - 280 PB - Entomological Society of America, 9301 Annapolis Rd. Lanham MD 20706 USA VL - 38 IS - 1 SN - 0046-225X, 0046-225X KW - Entomology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - Abundance KW - USA, Iowa KW - corn KW - Beans KW - Lepidoptera KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Z 05360:Genetics and Evolution KW - N 14845:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21138404?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Entomology&rft.atitle=Mitochondrial+DNA+Variation+and+Range+Expansion+in+Western+Bean+Cutworm+%28Lepidoptera%3A+Noctuidae%29%3A+No+Evidence+for+a+Recent+Population+Bottleneck&rft.au=Miller%2C+Nicholas+J%3BDorhout%2C+David+L%3BRice%2C+Marlin+E%3BSappington%2C+Thomas+W&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Nicholas&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=274&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Entomology&rft.issn=0046225X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1603%2F022.038.0134 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Beans; corn; Lepidoptera; USA, Iowa DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/022.038.0134 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Acquisition and Internalization of Salmonella by the Lesser Mealworm, Alphitobius diaperinus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) AN - 21126160; 11188894 JF - Vector Borne and Zoonotic Diseases AU - Crippen, T L AU - Sheffield, CL AU - Esquivel, S V AU - Droleskey, R E AU - Esquivel, J F AD - Food and Feed Safety Research Unit, Southern Plains Area Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, College Station, Texas Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 65 EP - 72 VL - 9 IS - 1 SN - 1530-3667, 1530-3667 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Entomology Abstracts KW - Coleoptera KW - Alphitobius diaperinus KW - Salmonella KW - Entomology KW - Tenebrionidae KW - J 02410:Animal Diseases KW - Z 05350:Medical, Veterinary, and Agricultural Entomology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21126160?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vector+Borne+and+Zoonotic+Diseases&rft.atitle=The+Acquisition+and+Internalization+of+Salmonella+by+the+Lesser+Mealworm%2C+Alphitobius+diaperinus+%28Coleoptera%3A+Tenebrionidae%29&rft.au=Crippen%2C+T+L%3BSheffield%2C+CL%3BEsquivel%2C+S+V%3BDroleskey%2C+R+E%3BEsquivel%2C+J+F&rft.aulast=Crippen&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=65&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vector+Borne+and+Zoonotic+Diseases&rft.issn=15303667&rft_id=info:doi/10.1089%2Fvbz.2008.0103 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Entomology; Coleoptera; Alphitobius diaperinus; Salmonella; Tenebrionidae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/vbz.2008.0103 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of Silicon on Resistance of Zinnia elegans to Myzus persicae(Hemiptera: Aphididae) AN - 21125761; 11204783 AB - Studies were conducted to examine the effect of treating Zinnia elegans Jacq. with soluble silicon on the performance of the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer). Z. elegans plants were irrigated every 2 d throughout the duration of the experiment with a nutrient solution amended with potassium silicate (K2SiO2), or a nutrient solution without K2SiO2. Length of the prereproductive period and survivorship of M. persicae were not affected by K2SiO2 treatment, but total cumulative fecundity and the intrinsic rate of increase (rm) were slightly reduced on Z. elegans plants receiving soluble silicon. Quantification of silicon contentin leaf tissues using inductively coupled plasmaoptical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) confirmed significantly higher silicon concentrations in plants treated with K2SiO2 compared with control plants. High performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) analysis was used to identify and quantify phenolic acids and flavonols in leaf tissue of z. elegans. Compared with untreated control plants, significant elevations in 5-caf-feoylquinic acid, p-coumaroylquinic acid, and rutin were detected in leaves of Z. elegans plants treated with K2SiO2, but none of seven other phenolics were significantly affected. Similarly, a slight elevation in guaiacol peroxidase activity was detected in plants treated with K2SiO2 Overall, these results indicate treatment of Z. elegans with soluble silicon provides a modest increase in resistance levels to M. persicae, which may be caused in part by defense-related compounds. JF - Environmental Entomology AU - Ranger, Christopher M AU - Singh, Ajay P AU - Frantz, Jonathan M AU - Canas, Luis AU - Locke, James C AU - Reding, Michael E AU - Vorsa, Nicholi Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 129 EP - 136 PB - Entomological Society of America, 9301 Annapolis Rd. Lanham MD 20706 USA VL - 38 IS - 1 SN - 0046-225X, 0046-225X KW - Entomology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Silicon KW - Peroxidase KW - Aphididae KW - Myzus KW - Survival KW - rutin KW - Prunus KW - fecundity KW - Nutrient solutions KW - Zinnia elegans KW - Guaiacol KW - Leaves KW - Potassium KW - emission spectroscopy KW - Spectrometry KW - Fecundity KW - Myzus persicae KW - Z 05340:Ecology and Behavior KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21125761?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Entomology&rft.atitle=Influence+of+Silicon+on+Resistance+of+Zinnia+elegans+to+Myzus+persicae%28Hemiptera%3A+Aphididae%29&rft.au=Ranger%2C+Christopher+M%3BSingh%2C+Ajay+P%3BFrantz%2C+Jonathan+M%3BCanas%2C+Luis%3BLocke%2C+James+C%3BReding%2C+Michael+E%3BVorsa%2C+Nicholi&rft.aulast=Ranger&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=129&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Entomology&rft.issn=0046225X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1603%2F022.038.0116 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Silicon; Fecundity; Peroxidase; Guaiacol; Leaves; Survival; rutin; Nutrient solutions; Spectrometry; fecundity; Potassium; emission spectroscopy; Zinnia elegans; Aphididae; Myzus; Myzus persicae; Prunus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/022.038.0116 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil carbon sequestration and changes in fungal and bacterial biomass following incorporation of forest residues AN - 20867418; 9067841 AB - Sequestering carbon (C) in forest soils can benefit site fertility and help offset greenhouse gas emissions. However, identifying soil conditions and forest management practices which best promote C accumulation remains a challenging task. We tested whether soil incorporation of masticated woody residues alters short-term C storage at forested sites in western and southeastern USA. Our hypothesis was that woody residues would preferentially stimulate soil fungal biomass, resulting in improved C use efficiency and greater soil C storage. Harvest slash at loblolly pine sites in South Carolina was masticated (chipped) and either (1) retained on the soil surface, (2) tilled to a soil depth of 40 cm, or (3) tilled using at least twice the mass of organics. At comparative sites in California, live woody fuels in ponderosa pine stands were (1) masticated and surface applied, (2) masticated and tilled, or (3) left untreated. Sites with clayey and sandy soils were compared in each region, with residue additions ranging from 20 to 207 Mg ha-1. Total and active fungal biomass were not strongly affected by residue incorporation despite the high input of organics. Limited response was also found for total and active bacterial biomass. As a consequence, fungal:bacterial (F:B) biomass ratios were similar among treatments at each site. Total soil C was elevated at one California site following residue incorporation, yet was significantly lower compared to surface-applied residues at both loblolly pine sites, presumably due to the oxidative effects of tilling on soil organic matter. The findings demonstrated an inconsequential effect of residue incorporation on fungal and bacterial biomass and suggest a limited potential of such practices to enhance long-term soil C storage in these forests. JF - Soil Biology and Biochemistry AU - Busse, Matt D AU - Sanchez, Felipe G AU - Ratcliff, Alice W AU - Butnor, John R AU - Carter, Emily A AU - Powers, Robert F AD - USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, 3644 Avtech Parkway, Redding, CA 96002, USA, mbusse@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 220 EP - 227 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 41 IS - 2 SN - 0038-0717, 0038-0717 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Forest management KW - Fertility KW - Soils (sandy) KW - Pinus ponderosa KW - Fuels KW - Forests KW - USA, Southeast KW - Soil KW - Carbon sequestration KW - forest management KW - soil depth KW - sandy soils KW - USA, South Carolina KW - Carbon KW - Forest residues KW - Emissions KW - USA, California KW - Bacteria KW - Residues KW - Organic matter KW - Soils (organic) KW - Biomass KW - Greenhouses KW - Storage KW - Soil depth KW - bacteria KW - Greenhouse gases KW - K 03330:Biochemistry KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - J 02320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20867418?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Biology+and+Biochemistry&rft.atitle=Soil+carbon+sequestration+and+changes+in+fungal+and+bacterial+biomass+following+incorporation+of+forest+residues&rft.au=Busse%2C+Matt+D%3BSanchez%2C+Felipe+G%3BRatcliff%2C+Alice+W%3BButnor%2C+John+R%3BCarter%2C+Emily+A%3BPowers%2C+Robert+F&rft.aulast=Busse&rft.aufirst=Matt&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=220&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Biology+and+Biochemistry&rft.issn=00380717&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.soilbio.2008.10.012 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Forest management; Soil depth; Soils (sandy); Fertility; Carbon; Fuels; Organic matter; Forest residues; Forests; Soils (organic); Biomass; Greenhouses; Residues; Soil; Storage; sandy soils; soil depth; forest management; Carbon sequestration; bacteria; Emissions; Greenhouse gases; Bacteria; Pinus ponderosa; USA, South Carolina; USA, California; USA, Southeast DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2008.10.012 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantifying reductions of mass-failure frequency and sediment loadings from streambanks using toe protection and other means: Lake Tahoe, United States AN - 20864242; 9049802 AB - Streambank erosion by mass-failure processes represents an important form of channel adjustment and a significant source of sediment in disturbed streams. Mass failures regularly occur by a combination of hydraulic processes that undercut bank toes and geotechnical processes that cause bank collapse by gravity. Little if any quantitative information is available on the effectiveness of bank treatments on reducing erosion. To evaluate potential reduction in sediment loadings emanating from streambanks, the hydraulic and geotechnical processes responsible for mass failure were simulated under existing and mitigated conditions using a Bank-Stability and Toe-Erosion Model (BSTEM). Two critical erosion sites were selected from each of the three watersheds known to contribute the greatest amounts of fine sediment by streambank processes in the Lake Tahoe Basin. A typical high-flow annual hydrograph was selected for analysis. Bank-material strength data were collected for each layer as were species-specific root-reinforcement values. The effects of the first flow event on bank-toe erosion were simulated using an excess shear-stress approach. The resulting geometry was then exported into the bank-stability submodel to test for the relative stability of the bank under peak flow and drawdown conditions. In this way, BSTEM was used iteratively for all flow events for both existing and mitigated conditions. On average, 13.6% of the material was eroded by hydraulic shear, the remainder by mass failures, which occurred about five times over the simulation period. Simulations with 1.0 m-high rock-toe protection showed a dramatic reduction in streambank erosion (69-100%). Failure frequency for the simulation period was reduced in most cases to a single episode. Thus, an almost 90% reduction in streambank loadings was achieved by virtually eliminating the erosion of only 14% of the material that was entrained by hydraulic forces. Consequently, simulations show average load reductions of about an order of magnitude. Results stress the critical importance of protecting the bank toe-region from steepening by hydraulic forces that would otherwise entrain previously failed and in situ bank materials, thereby allowing the upper bank to flatten (by failure) to a stable slope. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Simon, A AU - Pollen-Bankhead, N AU - Mahacek, V AU - Langendoen, E AD - USDA-ARS, National Sedimentation Laboratory, P.O. Box 1157, Oxford, Massachusetts 38655, USA, asimon@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 170 EP - 186 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 45 IS - 1 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Hydrograph analysis KW - Hydraulics KW - Drawdown KW - Basins KW - Water resources KW - Watersheds KW - Streams KW - Lakes KW - USA, California, Tahoe L. KW - Banks KW - Sediment transport KW - Lake Basins KW - Sediment pollution KW - USA, Tahoe L. basin KW - Simulation KW - Protection KW - Sediments KW - Channels KW - Hydraulic Loading KW - USA KW - Erosion KW - Numerical simulations KW - Sediment Load KW - Q2 09267:Gravity and geodesy KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - ENA 16:Renewable Resources-Water KW - M2 556.16:Runoff (556.16) KW - SW 6010:Structures KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes KW - Q5 08520:Environmental quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20864242?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Quantifying+reductions+of+mass-failure+frequency+and+sediment+loadings+from+streambanks+using+toe+protection+and+other+means%3A+Lake+Tahoe%2C+United+States&rft.au=Simon%2C+A%3BPollen-Bankhead%2C+N%3BMahacek%2C+V%3BLangendoen%2C+E&rft.aulast=Simon&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=170&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1752-1688.2008.00268.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Erosion; Water resources; Sediment transport; Watersheds; Sediments; Hydrograph analysis; Drawdown; Numerical simulations; Channels; Sediment pollution; Hydraulics; Lakes; Basins; Simulation; Streams; Hydraulic Loading; Sediment Load; Banks; Protection; Lake Basins; USA, Tahoe L. basin; USA; USA, California, Tahoe L. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2008.00268.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Livestock exclusion influences on riparian vegetation, channel morphology, and benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages AN - 20858103; 8934064 AB - Measurements in paired stream reaches with and without livestock access in southwestern Virginia suggest that livestock exclusion practices installed on short, isolated stream reaches result in improved geomorphic and riparian vegetation conditions, but do not significantly improve benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages. Numerous state and federal programs encourage agricultural producers to protect environmentally sensitive lands (such as streams and wetlands) through the elimination of livestock access to these sensitive areas. In addition to achieving soil conservation goals, it is widely believed that livestock exclusion from streams will result in improvements in riparian vegetation, channel morphology, as well as instream habitat and aquatic insect assemblages. This research assessed the changes in channel morphology, riparian vegetation, and benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages as affected by livestock exclusion over time. Study sites consisted of paired, nearly contiguous stream reaches (five pairs), with and without active livestock access, across a range of time since livestock exclusion was implemented. Four of the livestock exclusion reaches ranged in time since best management practice implementation from 1 to 14 years, while one site consisted of a grazed reach paired with a reach that has been forested and without cattle access for at least 50 years. Livestock exclusion reaches were significantly deeper, had larger median riffle substrate, and scored higher on the Reach Condition Index (a qualitative geomorphic assessment methodology). The livestock exclusion reaches also had significantly higher riparian groundcover vegetation biomass; however, the benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages were not significantly different. The only parameter that showed correlation with time since livestock exclusion was the Reach Condition Index, which increased (indicating improved bank stability) with time since livestock exclusion. Our observations suggest that, while livestock exclusion from streams has positive impacts on streams, best management practice implementation along short stream stretches does not have the desired instream benefits. In particular, benthic macroinvertebrate response depends more on upstream watershed-scale conditions and impacts than localized, reach-scale livestock-access issues. Therefore, a more targeted approach addressing entire stream lengths and the associated watersheds may be required to restore the integrity of aquatic ecosystems. JF - Journal of Soil and Water Conservation AU - Ranganath, S C AU - Hession, W C AU - Wynn, T M AD - USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, Tucson, Arizona, USA Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 33 EP - 42 VL - 64 IS - 1 SN - 0022-4561, 0022-4561 KW - Entomology Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Riparian Vegetation KW - Water conservation KW - Macroinvertebrates KW - Freshwater KW - Watersheds KW - Streams KW - Soil KW - upstream KW - best practices KW - Geomorphology KW - Assessments KW - Wetlands KW - Channel Morphology KW - Aquatic insects KW - Rivers KW - Federal programs KW - Vegetation KW - USA, Virginia KW - Best Management Practices KW - Water Conservation KW - Biomass KW - Aquatic ecosystems KW - Habitat KW - Livestock KW - Channels KW - Cattle KW - Morphology KW - Riparian vegetation KW - Soil conservation KW - aquatic ecosystems KW - Zoobenthos KW - ENA 06:Food & Drugs KW - Z 05340:Ecology and Behavior KW - Q1 08463:Habitat community studies KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 0835:Streamflow and runoff KW - Q2 09181:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20858103?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.atitle=Livestock+exclusion+influences+on+riparian+vegetation%2C+channel+morphology%2C+and+benthic+macroinvertebrate+assemblages&rft.au=Ranganath%2C+S+C%3BHession%2C+W+C%3BWynn%2C+T+M&rft.aulast=Ranganath&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.issn=00224561&rft_id=info:doi/10.2489%2Fjswc.64.1.33 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Channels; Geomorphology; Water conservation; Soil conservation; Riparian vegetation; Wetlands; Watersheds; Zoobenthos; Vegetation; Habitat; Aquatic ecosystems; Streams; Livestock; Federal programs; Biomass; Soil; Cattle; upstream; best practices; Morphology; aquatic ecosystems; Aquatic insects; Riparian Vegetation; Assessments; Best Management Practices; Water Conservation; Macroinvertebrates; Channel Morphology; USA, Virginia; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2489/jswc.64.1.33 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil and Water Assessment Tool evaluation of soil and land use geographic information system data sets on simulated stream flow AN - 20856343; 8934063 AB - The integration of geographic information systems (GIS) and hydrologic models provides the user with the ability to simulate watershed-scale processes within a spatially digitized computer-based environment. Soil type and land use data are essential GIS data layers used in a wide array of government and private sector activities, including resource inventory, land management, landscape ecology, and hydrologic modeling. This investigation was conducted to evaluate the use of different combinations of Soil Survey Geographic (SSURGO) and State Soil Geographic (STATSGO) soil classification systems and the USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) and national Gap Analysis Project (GAP) land use data sets and their effects on modeled stream flow using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT2005). Performance of the model was tested on the Cedar Creek Watershed in northeastern Indiana, one of 14 benchmark watersheds in the USDA Agricultural Research Service Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP) watershed assessment component. CEAP comprises two main components: (1) a national assessment that provides model estimates of conservation benefits for annual reporting and (2) a watershed assessment component aimed at quantifying the environmental benefits from specific conservation practices at the watershed scale. Model performance for daily, monthly, and annual uncalibrated stream flow responses in SWAT was assessed using the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient (ENS), coefficient of determination (R super(2)), root mean square error (RMSE), ratio of RMSE to the standard deviation of measured data (RSR), and percent bias (PBIAS).We found that the range of relative error (e.g., PBIAS) and ENS values for uncalibrated stream flow predictions in this study were similar to others that have been reported in the literature. Simulated stream flow values ranged from slight overestimations of approximately 5%, to underestimating stream flow by 25% to 41% depending on the combination of soil and land use input data sets. Overall, the NASS SSURGO data sets gave the best model performance for monthly stream flow having an ENS value of 0.58, R super(2) of 0.66, RSR of 0.65, and PBIAS equal to 21.93. The poorest model performance results were obtained using the GAP SSURGO data sets that had an ENS value of -2.58, R super(2) of 0.49, RSR of 1.89, and a PBIAS value of 27.92. The results of this study indicate that in using the SWAT model, several factors regarding GIS input data sets may affect stream flow simulations and, consequently, water quality assessment studies. In addition to the effect of GIS source data on model output (e.g., SSURGO, STATSGO, NASS, GAP), there is evidence shown in this study that the interaction, pre-processing, and aggregation of unique combinations of GIS input layers within SWAT also influence simulated stream flow output. Overall, results of the study indicate that the use of different land use GIS layers has a greater effect on stream flow estimates than different soil data layers. JF - Journal of Soil and Water Conservation AU - Heathman, G C AU - Larose, M AU - Ascough, JC II AD - National Soil Erosion Research Laboratory, USDA Agricultural Research Service, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 17 EP - 32 VL - 64 IS - 1 SN - 0022-4561, 0022-4561 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Environment Abstracts KW - Land Use KW - Classification systems KW - water quality KW - Resource management KW - soil classification KW - agricultural research KW - Water conservation KW - Remote sensing KW - Watersheds KW - Water quality KW - Environmental factors KW - Ecology KW - Soil KW - Efficiency KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Assessments KW - Hydrologic Data KW - Geographical Information Systems KW - soil types KW - Canada, Ontario, Cedar Creek KW - Land management KW - Landscape KW - Simulation KW - Land use KW - Model Studies KW - private sector KW - Stream flow KW - USA, Indiana KW - benchmarks KW - soil surveys KW - Conservation KW - stream flow KW - Geographic information systems KW - Stream Discharge KW - GIS KW - ENA 06:Food & Drugs KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q2 09171:Dynamics of lakes and rivers KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions KW - Q5 08501:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20856343?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.atitle=Soil+and+Water+Assessment+Tool+evaluation+of+soil+and+land+use+geographic+information+system+data+sets+on+simulated+stream+flow&rft.au=Heathman%2C+G+C%3BLarose%2C+M%3BAscough%2C+JC+II&rft.aulast=Heathman&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.issn=00224561&rft_id=info:doi/10.2489%2Fjswc.64.1.17 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Classification systems; Resource management; Water conservation; Water quality; Watersheds; Environmental factors; GIS; Land use; Stream flow; water quality; soil types; Land management; agricultural research; soil classification; Landscape; Remote sensing; Simulation; private sector; Soil; Ecology; Efficiency; benchmarks; soil surveys; stream flow; Conservation; Geographic information systems; Land Use; Hydrologic Models; Assessments; Stream Discharge; Hydrologic Data; Model Studies; Geographical Information Systems; USA, Indiana; Canada, Ontario, Cedar Creek DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2489/jswc.64.1.17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Increasing Fish Oil Levels in Commercial Diets Influences Hematological and Immunological Responses of Channel Catfish, Ictalurus punctatus AN - 20813134; 10966145 AB - Growth performance, immune responses and disease resistance were studied in juvenile channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, fed a commercial diet (35.3% crude protein and 5.6% lipid) supplemented with menhaden fish oil at levels of 0, 3, 6, and 9% for 15 wk. Dietary fish oil levels did not significantly influence growth performance of catfish. Fatty acid compositions of whole-body and liver reflected dietary fatty acid composition. No differences were found in hematological values, except that fish fed the 9% fish oil diet had significantly lower hematocrit. The resistance of erythrocytes to hemolysis in hypotonic solutions increased with increasing fish oil levels and the highest resistance was seen with the 9% fish oil diet. Fish fed 6 and 9% added fish oil diets had significantly higher serum protein levels than that of control fish. Serum lysozyme activity of fish fed 3 and 6% added fish oil diet was significantly higher than that of the control. Complement activity and chemotaxis ratio significantly decreased in fish fed diets with 6 or 9% added fish oil. The 3% added fish oil diet, however, had significantly highest natural hemolytic complement activity. Mortality from Edwardsiella ictaluri 14 d postchallenge and antibody titers to E. ictaluridid not differ among treatments. JF - Journal of the World Aquaculture Society AU - Yildirim, Mediha AU - Lim, Chhorn AU - Shelby, Richard AU - Klesius, Phillip H AD - Aquatic Animal Health Research Unit, USDA-ARS, MSA, 990 Wire Road, Auburn, Alabama 36832-0952 USA. Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 76 EP - 86 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA, [mailto:info@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/WileyCDA/Brand/id-35.html] VL - 40 IS - 1 SN - 0893-8849, 0893-8849 KW - Channel catfish KW - Immunology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Lysozyme KW - Edwardsiella ictaluri KW - Lipids KW - Erythrocytes KW - Fatty acid composition KW - Disease control KW - Disease resistance KW - Freshwater KW - Freshwater fish KW - Chemotaxis KW - Ictalurus punctatus KW - Fish oils KW - Serum proteins KW - Feed composition KW - Hematocrit KW - Fish culture KW - Diets KW - Mortality KW - Antibodies KW - Fish diseases KW - Hemolysis KW - Liver KW - Feeding experiments KW - Immune response KW - Mortality causes KW - Q1 08587:Diseases of Cultured Organisms KW - J 02350:Immunology KW - F 06940:Fish Immunity KW - Q3 08587:Diseases of Cultured Organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20813134?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+World+Aquaculture+Society&rft.atitle=Increasing+Fish+Oil+Levels+in+Commercial+Diets+Influences+Hematological+and+Immunological+Responses+of+Channel+Catfish%2C+Ictalurus+punctatus&rft.au=Yildirim%2C+Mediha%3BLim%2C+Chhorn%3BShelby%2C+Richard%3BKlesius%2C+Phillip+H&rft.aulast=Yildirim&rft.aufirst=Mediha&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=76&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+World+Aquaculture+Society&rft.issn=08938849&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1749-7345.2008.00228.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diets; Antibodies; Fish diseases; Disease control; Feeding experiments; Disease resistance; Freshwater fish; Fish culture; Mortality causes; Fish oils; Feed composition; Lysozyme; Mortality; Lipids; Fatty acid composition; Erythrocytes; Chemotaxis; Serum proteins; Liver; Hemolysis; Hematocrit; Immune response; Edwardsiella ictaluri; Ictalurus punctatus; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-7345.2008.00228.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modification of alternan by dextranase AN - 20785689; 10851251 AB - Alternan is a unique glucan with a backbone structure of alternating a-(1 -> 6) and a-(1 -> 3) linkages. Previously, we isolated strains of Penicillium sp. that modify native, high molecular weight alternan in a novel bioconversion process to a lower molecular weight form with solution viscosity properties similar to those of commercial gum arabic. The mechanism of this modification was unknown. Here, we report that these Penicillium sp. strains secrete dextranase during germination on alternan. Furthermore, alternan is modified in vitro by commercial dextranases, and dextranase-modified alternan appears to be identical to bioconversion-modified alternan. This is surprising, since alternan has long been considered to be resistant to dextranase. Results suggest that native alternan may have localized regions of consecutive a-(1 -> 6) linkages that serve as substrates for dextranase. Dextranase treatment of native alternan, particularly with GRAS enzymes, may have practical advantages for the production of modified alternan as a gum arabic substitute. JF - Biotechnology Letters AU - Leathers, Timothy D AU - Nunnally, Melinda S AU - Cote, Gregory L AD - Bioproducts and Biocatalysis Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1815 North University Street, Peoria, IL 61604, USA, Tim.Leathers@ARS.USDA.GOV Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 289 EP - 293 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany, [mailto:subscriptions@springer.de], [URL:http://www.springer.de/] VL - 31 IS - 2 SN - 0141-5492, 0141-5492 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Germination KW - Viscosity KW - Penicillium KW - Dextranase KW - Molecular weight KW - bioconversion KW - Enzymes KW - glucans KW - W 30940:Products UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20785689?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+Letters&rft.atitle=Modification+of+alternan+by+dextranase&rft.au=Leathers%2C+Timothy+D%3BNunnally%2C+Melinda+S%3BCote%2C+Gregory+L&rft.aulast=Leathers&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=289&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+Letters&rft.issn=01415492&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10529-008-9866-3 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Germination; Viscosity; Dextranase; Molecular weight; bioconversion; Enzymes; glucans; Penicillium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10529-008-9866-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification of microRNA regulatory modules in Arabidopsis via a probabilistic graphical model AN - 20745770; 9076863 AB - Motivation: MicroRNAs miRNAs play important roles in gene regulation and are regarded as key components in gene regulatory pathways. Systematically understanding functional roles of miRNAs is essential to define core transcriptional units regulating key biological processes. Here, we propose a method based on the probabilistic graphical model to identify the regulatory modules of miRNAs and the core regulatory motifs involved in their ability to regulate gene expression.Results: We applied our method to datasets of different sources from Arabidopsis consisting of miRNA-target pair information, upstream sequences of miRNAs, transcriptional regulatory motifs and gene expression profiles. The graphical model used in this study can efficiently capture the relationship between miRNAs and diverse conditions such as various developmental processes, thus allowing us to detect functionally correlated miRNA regulatory modules involved in specific biological processes. Furthermore, this approach can reveal core transcriptional elements associated with their miRNAs. The proposed method found clusters of miRNAs, as well as putative regulators controlling the expression of miRNAs, which were highly related to diverse developmental processes of Arabidopsis. Consequently, our method can provide hypothetical miRNA regulatory circuits for functional testing that represent transcriptional events of miRNAs and transcriptional factors involved in gene regulatory pathways.Contact: zf25atcornell.eduSupplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online. JF - Bioinformatics AU - Joung, Je-Gun AU - Fei, Zhangjun AD - Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Cornell University and 2 USDA Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA Y1 - 2009/02/01/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Feb 01 SP - 387 EP - 393 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals, Great Clarendon Street VL - 25 IS - 3 SN - 1367-4803, 1367-4803 KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Data processing KW - miRNA KW - Computer graphics KW - Transcription KW - Circuits KW - Models KW - Gene expression KW - Transcription factors KW - Gene regulation KW - Arabidopsis KW - Bioinformatics KW - Functional morphology KW - N 14810:Methods KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20745770?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=Identification+of+microRNA+regulatory+modules+in+Arabidopsis+via+a+probabilistic+graphical+model&rft.au=Joung%2C+Je-Gun%3BFei%2C+Zhangjun&rft.aulast=Joung&rft.aufirst=Je-Gun&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=387&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioinformatics&rft.issn=13674803&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fbioinformatics%2Fbtn626 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Gene expression; Data processing; Gene regulation; Transcription factors; miRNA; Computer graphics; Transcription; Circuits; Bioinformatics; Functional morphology; Models; Arabidopsis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btn626 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improving Satellite-Based Rainfall Accumulation Estimates Using Spaceborne Surface Soil Moisture Retrievals AN - 20674474; 9410888 AB - Over land, remotely sensed surface soil moisture and rainfall accumulation retrievals contain complementary information that can be exploited for the mutual benefit of both product types. Here, a Kalman filtering-based tool is developed that utilizes a time series of spaceborne surface soil moisture retrievals to enhance short-term (2- to 10-day) satellite-based rainfall accumulation products. Using ground rain gauge data as a validation source, and a soil moisture product derived from the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer aboard the NASA Aqua satellite, the approach is evaluated over the contiguous United States. Results demonstrate that, for areas of low to moderate vegetation cover density, the procedure is capable of improving short-term rainfall accumulation estimates extracted from a variety of satellite-based rainfall products. The approach is especially effective for correcting rainfall accumulation estimates derived without the aid of ground-based rain gauge observations. Special emphasis is placed on demonstrating that the approach can be applied in continental areas lacking ground-based observations and/or long-term satellite data records. JF - Journal of Hydrometeorology AU - Crow, Wade T AU - Huffman, George J AU - Bindlish, Rajat AU - Jackson, Thomas J AD - USDA/ARS Hydrology and Remote Sensing Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 199 EP - 212 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. VL - 10 IS - 1 SN - 1525-755X, 1525-755X KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Remote Sensing KW - Satellite Technology KW - Rainfall KW - Kalman filter KW - Remote sensing KW - Soil Water KW - Time series analysis KW - Rain gage networks KW - Satellite instrumentation KW - Hydrometeorology KW - Radiometers KW - USA KW - Satellite data KW - Hydrometeorological research KW - Microwaves KW - Rain Gages KW - Moisture Content KW - Soil moisture KW - Accumulation KW - SW 0815:Precipitation KW - M2 556.14:Infiltration/Soil Moisture (556.14) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20674474?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrometeorology&rft.atitle=Improving+Satellite-Based+Rainfall+Accumulation+Estimates+Using+Spaceborne+Surface+Soil+Moisture+Retrievals&rft.au=Crow%2C+Wade+T%3BHuffman%2C+George+J%3BBindlish%2C+Rajat%3BJackson%2C+Thomas+J&rft.aulast=Crow&rft.aufirst=Wade&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=199&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrometeorology&rft.issn=1525755X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F2008JHM986.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Radiometers; Hydrometeorological research; Satellite data; Remote sensing; Kalman filter; Satellite instrumentation; Rain gage networks; Time series analysis; Soil moisture; Hydrometeorology; Remote Sensing; Satellite Technology; Microwaves; Rain Gages; Rainfall; Moisture Content; Soil Water; Accumulation; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2008JHM986.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lab Saves Water While Researching New Ways To Fight Weeds AN - 20618093; 9328870 AB - Some weed species have a nifty survival strategy. In a given field, less than half of their total store of seeds will germinate, while the other portion remains dormant in soil. These so-called seed banks are waiting to sprout another day--long after the effects of herbicides have worn off, for example. JF - Agricultural Research AU - Davis, A S AD - The USDA-ARS Invasive Weed Management Research Unit, 1102 S. Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL 61801, USA, adam.davis@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 17 VL - 57 IS - 2 SN - 0002-161X, 0002-161X KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Soil KW - seed banks KW - agricultural research KW - Herbicides KW - weeds KW - survival KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20618093?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agricultural+Research&rft.atitle=Lab+Saves+Water+While+Researching+New+Ways+To+Fight+Weeds&rft.au=Davis%2C+A+S&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agricultural+Research&rft.issn=0002161X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - seed banks; Soil; agricultural research; Herbicides; weeds; survival ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Swithcing On Cow Power - Co-ops can play role in turning dairy waste into energy and byproducts AN - 20614910; 9328754 AB - Dairy operations across the nation routinely handle about 500 billion pounds of cow manure each year by collecting, storing and spreading it over the land. In large manure-storage structures, such as lagoons, little oxygen can dissolve into the mix, creating anaerobic (in the absence of oxygen) conditions. Certain microbes found naturally in manure feed on undigested materials in the manure and, as part of the digestion process, give off gas that contains 60 to 70 percent methane. In recent years, several factors have converged to spark fresh interest among dairy farmers and others in anaerobic digestion systems. Economies of size in milk production have lead to an increase in the number of cows on the average dairy operation. This increased concentration of cows has raised concern over environmental issues surrounding manure management. At the same time, sharp increases in energy costs, along with concern over energy supplies, have spurred interest in renewable sources of energy. The current desire to reduce levels of carbon dioxide, methane and other so-called greenhouse gasses (gasses thought to cause an increase in the Earth's temperature) have also led federal, state and local governments to encourage farmer use of anaerobic technology. An anaerobic digester system provides a favorable environment (absence of oxygen, optimal temperature) for methane-producing bacteria to thrive and a means of capturing and collecting the biogas produced by the microbes as they digest (or decompose) the manure. The biogas captured from the digester can be used for fuel in any equipment that normally uses propane or natural gas. These include boilers, heaters, chillers, internal combustion engines or gas turbines used for generating electricity. In addition, heat energy produced by these stationary engines running on biogas can also be captured and put to useful purposes. In some applications, it may be beneficial to the equipment to remove the hydrogen sulfide present in biogas (i.e., "clean" the gas) prior to use. Alternatively, the biogas may be cleaned and conditioned (water and carbon dioxide removed and gas compressed) for sale to a commercial gas pipeline. Cleaned and compressed gas can be used in mobile engines configured to run on natural gas or similar fuel. Furthermore, the methane in biogas captured from anaerobic digestion of dairy cow manure may be qualified to receive carbon credit if it is flared (burned off) or otherwise prevented from emitting into the atmosphere. The global warming potential of methane is equivalent to at least 21 times that of carbon dioxide. This means that preventing one unit of methane gas emission has the effect of reducing the amount of greenhouse gas emission equivalent to a reduction of 21 units of carbon dioxide. The manure effluent leaving a digester, while not significantly reduced in volume, is biologically stabilized (meaning it is fully decomposed and the compounds contributing to manure's unpleasant odors are eliminated).The solids in the manure effluent can be separated, perhaps composted, and used in applications such as bedding for cattle, a soil amendment, or as a gardening product, such as potting soil. The remaining liquid effluent can be used to fertilize fields and crops, or even further fractionated into manure concentrate and "treated" water for discharge. JF - Rural Cooperatives AU - Liebrand, C AU - Ling, K C Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 VL - 76 IS - 1 SN - 1088-8845, 1088-8845 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Manure KW - Fuels KW - Odors KW - Digestion KW - Emissions KW - Biogas KW - Propane KW - Crop KW - biogas KW - Wastes KW - Hydrogen sulfide KW - Effluents KW - Bedding KW - Soil amendment KW - Greenhouses KW - Combustion KW - Oxygen KW - Cattle KW - Heat KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Spreading KW - Electricity KW - Atmosphere KW - Lagoons KW - Milk production KW - Carbon KW - Odor KW - Temperature effects KW - Methane KW - Animal wastes KW - Temperature KW - Anaerobic digestion KW - Natural gas KW - Dairies KW - Energy KW - Global warming KW - Internal combustion engines KW - J 02410:Animal Diseases KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20614910?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rural+Cooperatives&rft.atitle=Swithcing+On+Cow+Power+-+Co-ops+can+play+role+in+turning+dairy+waste+into+energy+and+byproducts&rft.au=Liebrand%2C+C%3BLing%2C+K+C&rft.aulast=Liebrand&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Rural+Cooperatives&rft.issn=10888845&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Manure; Spreading; Fuels; Electricity; Lagoons; Atmosphere; Milk production; Carbon; Odor; Temperature effects; Propane; Methane; Crop; biogas; Wastes; Anaerobic digestion; Effluents; Hydrogen sulfide; Bedding; Soil amendment; Combustion; Greenhouses; Oxygen; Dairies; Heat; Energy; Global warming; Carbon dioxide; Animal wastes; Temperature; Odors; Natural gas; Digestion; Cattle; Emissions; Internal combustion engines; Greenhouse gases; Biogas ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New cylindrocladium diseases of strawberry and coral bells caused by Cylindrocladium canadense AN - 20516254; 9201142 AB - Based on inoculation experiments and morphological and molecular phylogenetic studies, Cylindrocladium damping-off of strawberry and Cylindrocladium blight of coral bells in Japan were demonstrated to be caused by Cylindrocladium canadense. This is the first report of a disease on strawberry and coral bells caused by this fungus. JF - Journal of General Plant Pathology AU - Hirooka, Yuuri AU - Ishikawa, Seiju AU - Takeuchi, Jun AU - Horie, Hiromichi AU - Nakayama, Kiichi AU - Koitabashi, Motoo AU - Okuda, Seiichi AU - Natsuaki, Keiko T AD - United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory, Rm. 330, B-011A 10300 Beltsville Avenue, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA, yuuri.hirooka@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 83 EP - 86 PB - Springer-Verlag (Heidelberg), Tiergartenstrasse 17 VL - 75 IS - 1 SN - 1345-2630, 1345-2630 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Cylindrocladium KW - Phylogeny KW - Blight KW - Damping-off KW - Inoculation KW - Corals KW - Fragaria KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03310:Genetics & Taxonomy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20516254?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+General+Plant+Pathology&rft.atitle=New+cylindrocladium+diseases+of+strawberry+and+coral+bells+caused+by+Cylindrocladium+canadense&rft.au=Hirooka%2C+Yuuri%3BIshikawa%2C+Seiju%3BTakeuchi%2C+Jun%3BHorie%2C+Hiromichi%3BNakayama%2C+Kiichi%3BKoitabashi%2C+Motoo%3BOkuda%2C+Seiichi%3BNatsuaki%2C+Keiko+T&rft.aulast=Hirooka&rft.aufirst=Yuuri&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+General+Plant+Pathology&rft.issn=13452630&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10327-008-0136-y LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Phylogeny; Damping-off; Blight; Inoculation; Corals; Cylindrocladium; Fragaria DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10327-008-0136-y ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Weighing Lysimeter for Crop Water Use Determination in the Jordan Valley, Jordan AN - 20490158; 9178954 AB - Efficiency of water use in irrigated agriculture can be improved by providing irrigation scheduling information to farmers. Since 2003, the Middle Eastern Regional Irrigation Management Information Systems (MERIMIS) project has focused on improving irrigation scheduling in Jordan, Palestine, and Israel with cooperators from the region and the U.S. Their efforts have established a network of 15 weather stations to support an irrigation scheduling service using the paradigm that crop water use is equal to a reference evapotranspiration (ET sub(r)) value (calculated from weather data) multiplied by a crop coefficient. Because crop coefficients developed in one region often do not transfer exactly to another region, crop coefficient values should be developed for those crops commonly grown in the Middle Eastern region and for the agronomic practices, including row spacings, prevalent in the region. Row spacings in this region are often wider than in other regions so that full canopy cover is often not attained, and spacings vary among farmers, leading to an important crop cover factor influence on ET rates throughout the growing season. This article describes the site selection, design, construction, calibration, and preliminary results for a weighing lysimeter built by the MERIMIS team for determination of crop coefficients in the Jordan Valley. Distinct features of the design include the low roof that guarantees at least 1.5 m of soil depth all around the lysimeter, the tall scale-support piers that allow for suspension of the vacuum drainage tanks from the scale so that drainage does not change lysimeter mass, the elevated load cell and datalogger that provide insurance against the unlikely event of flooding, and the rectangular surface that accommodates the wide variety of row spacings used in the Jordan Valley. The lysimeter is sited in the center of a 100 X 200 m drip irrigated field, is 2.4 x 3 m in surface area and 2.5 m deep, and has a calibrated accuracy of 0.11 mm of water and resolution of 0.064 mm. Preliminary data show that the lysimeter and associated weather instrumentation are working as expected and are able to detect half-hourly ET rate responses. JF - Transactions of the ASAE AU - Evett AU - Mazahrih, N T AU - Jitan, MA AU - Sawalha, M H AU - Colaizzi, P D AU - Ayars, JE AD - USDA-ARS Conservation and Production Research Laboratory, P.O. Drawer 10, Bushland, TX 79012, USA, Steve.Evett@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - February 2009 SP - 155 EP - 169 VL - 52 IS - 1 SN - 0001-2351, 0001-2351 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Weather KW - Water Management KW - Instrumentation KW - Drainage KW - Israel KW - Crops KW - Water Use KW - USA KW - Calibrations KW - Middle East, Jordan Valley KW - Lysimeters KW - Palestine KW - Irrigation Scheduling KW - SW 1060:Conservation in agricultural use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20490158?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+ASAE&rft.atitle=A+Weighing+Lysimeter+for+Crop+Water+Use+Determination+in+the+Jordan+Valley%2C+Jordan&rft.au=Evett%3BMazahrih%2C+N+T%3BJitan%2C+MA%3BSawalha%2C+M+H%3BColaizzi%2C+P+D%3BAyars%2C+JE&rft.aulast=Evett&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=155&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+ASAE&rft.issn=00012351&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Weather; Water Management; Calibrations; Instrumentation; Drainage; Lysimeters; Irrigation Scheduling; Crops; Water Use; USA; Middle East, Jordan Valley; Israel; Palestine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improving Daily Water Yield Estimates in the Little River Watershed: SWAT Adjustments AN - 20487658; 9178946 AB - Researchers are assessing the beneficial effects of conservation practices on water quality with hydrologic models. The assessments depend heavily on accurate simulation of water yield. This study was conducted to improve Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) hydrologic model daily water yield estimates in the Little River Experimental Watershed (LREW) in south Georgia. The SWAT code was altered to recognize a difference in curve number between growing and dormant seasons, to use an initial abstraction (I sub(a)), of 0.005S rather than 0.2S, and to adjust curve number based on the level of soil saturation in low-lying riparian zones. Refinements were made to two SWAT input parameters, SURLAG and ALPHA_BF, from a previous set of calibration parameters. The combined changes improved the daily Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency (NSE) from 0.42 to 0.66 for water yield at the outlet of the 16.9 km super(2) subwatershed K of the LREW for the ten-year period 1995 to 2004. Further calibration of the SURLAG coefficient yielded the largest improvement of five alterations, and changing I sub(a) effected the next largest improvement. Over the ten-year investigation period, the model predicted annual average water yield within 1% of measured streamflow, and deviation between observed and simulated values for stormflow was <2.2%. Annual daily NSEs for each of the ten years were improved; for two years affected by seasonal tropical storm events, NSEs were changed from negative to positive values. The results of this study support the adjustment of the I sub(a) ratio in the runoff curve number and suggest that additional changes to SWAT would improve water yield prediction for southern Coastal Plain locations. JF - Transactions of the ASAE AU - White, ED AU - Feyereisen, G W AU - Veith, T L AU - Bosch, D D AD - USDA-ARS-PSWMRU, Curtin Road, Building 3702, University Park, PA 16802-3702, USA, Gary.Feyereisen@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 69 EP - 79 VL - 52 IS - 1 SN - 0001-2351, 0001-2351 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Prediction KW - water quality KW - Outlets KW - Coastal Plains KW - Freshwater KW - Watersheds KW - Water quality KW - Storms KW - Flow rates KW - Soil KW - PSW, South Atlantic, South Georgia KW - Efficiency KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - Calibrations KW - Assessments KW - Yield predictions KW - Riparian environments KW - plains KW - Seasonal variability KW - Seasonal variations KW - Hydrologic models KW - Experimental watersheds KW - Rivers KW - Water Yield KW - Riparian zone KW - River discharge KW - Simulation KW - Numerical simulations KW - Conservation KW - Runoff KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - M2 556:General (556) KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - Q2 09171:Dynamics of lakes and rivers KW - ENA 15:Renewable Resources-Terrestrial UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20487658?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+ASAE&rft.atitle=Improving+Daily+Water+Yield+Estimates+in+the+Little+River+Watershed%3A+SWAT+Adjustments&rft.au=White%2C+ED%3BFeyereisen%2C+G+W%3BVeith%2C+T+L%3BBosch%2C+D+D&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=ED&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=69&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+ASAE&rft.issn=00012351&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Riparian zone; Yield predictions; River discharge; Water quality; Watersheds; Runoff; Experimental watersheds; Numerical simulations; Conservation; Seasonal variability; Storms; Hydrologic models; Soil; water quality; Efficiency; Sulfur dioxide; Riparian environments; Simulation; plains; Seasonal variations; Flow rates; Prediction; Outlets; Hydrologic Models; Water Yield; Coastal Plains; Assessments; Calibrations; PSW, South Atlantic, South Georgia; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prescribed-fire effects on rill and interrill runoff and erosion in a mountainous sagebrush landscape AN - 20470150; 9170302 AB - Changing fire regimes and prescribed-fire use in invasive species management on rangelands require improved understanding of fire effects on runoff and erosion from steeply sloping sagebrush-steppe. Small (0·5 m2) and large (32·5 m2) plot rainfall simulations (85 mm h-1, 1 h) and concentrated flow methodologies were employed immediately following burning and 1 and 2 years post-fire to investigate infiltration, runoff and erosion from interrill (rainsplash, sheetwash) and rill (concentrated flow) processes on unburned and burned areas of a steeply sloped sagebrush site on coarse-textured soils. Soil water repellency and vegetation were assessed to infer relationships in soil and vegetation factors that influence runoff and erosion. Runoff and erosion from rainfall simulations and concentrated flow experiments increased immediately following burning. Runoff returned to near pre-burn levels and sediment yield was greatly reduced with ground cover recovery to 40 per cent 1 year post-fire. Erosion remained above pre-burn levels on large rainfall simulation and concentrated flow plots until ground cover reached 60 per cent two growing seasons post-fire. The greatest impact of the fire was the threefold reduction of ground cover. Removal of vegetation and ground cover and the influence of pre-existing strong soil-water repellency increased the spatial continuity of overland flow, reduced runoff and sediment filtering effects of vegetation and ground cover, and facilitated increased velocity and transport capacity of overland flow. Small plot rainfall simulations suggest ground cover recovery to 40 per cent probably protected the site from low-return-interval storms, large plot rainfall and concentrated flow experiments indicate the site remained susceptible to elevated erosion rates during high-intensity or long duration events until ground cover levels reached 60 per cent. The data demonstrate that the persistence of fire effects on steeply-sloped, sandy sagebrush sites depends on the time period required for ground cover to recover to near 60 per cent and on the strength and persistence of background or fire-induced soil water repellency. Published in 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. JF - Earth Surface Processes and Landforms AU - Pierson, Frederick B AU - Moffet, Corey A AU - Williams, C Jason AU - Hardegree, Stuart P AU - Clark, Patrick E AD - United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service, Northwest Watershed Research Center, Boise, Idaho, USA, fred.pierson@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 193 EP - 203 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD UK, [mailto:customer@wiley.co.uk], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 34 IS - 2 SN - 0197-9337, 0197-9337 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Rills KW - Rainfall KW - landforms KW - Soil Water KW - Soil KW - Mountains KW - invasive species KW - Overland Flow KW - Sediment pollution KW - Fires KW - Landscape KW - Velocity KW - Vegetation KW - Simulation KW - burning KW - Rangelands KW - Incineration KW - Erosion KW - Infiltration KW - Sagebrush KW - Runoff KW - SW 0835:Streamflow and runoff KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20470150?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Earth+Surface+Processes+and+Landforms&rft.atitle=Prescribed-fire+effects+on+rill+and+interrill+runoff+and+erosion+in+a+mountainous+sagebrush+landscape&rft.au=Pierson%2C+Frederick+B%3BMoffet%2C+Corey+A%3BWilliams%2C+C+Jason%3BHardegree%2C+Stuart+P%3BClark%2C+Patrick+E&rft.aulast=Pierson&rft.aufirst=Frederick&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=193&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Earth+Surface+Processes+and+Landforms&rft.issn=01979337&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fesp.1703 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fires; Sediment pollution; Rainfall; Landscape; Simulation; Vegetation; Velocity; landforms; burning; Mountains; Soil; Rangelands; Erosion; invasive species; Infiltration; Incineration; Rills; Sagebrush; Soil Water; Runoff; Overland Flow DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/esp.1703 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of potassium permanganate against an experimental subacute infection of Flavobacterium columnare in channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque) AN - 20464005; 9147154 AB - AbstractAn experiment was performed to evaluate the efficacy of potassium permanganate (KMnO4) as a prophylactic and therapeutic treatment of an experimental subacute infection of Flavobacterium columnare in channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus. Fish were cutaneously abraded and divided into five treatment groups: (i) challenged by waterborne exposure to F. columnare and not treated with KMnO4 (positive control), (ii) challenged and simultaneously treated with KMnO4, (iii) challenged and treated with KMnO4 at 1, 6 and 9days post-challenge, (iv) not challenged and treated with KMnO4 at 1, 6 and 9days post-challenge (first negative control) and (v) not challenged and not treated (second negative control). The dosing of KMnO4 was 2.0mgL-1 above the potassium permanganate demand for 2h duration. The survival of the group challenged and simultaneously treated with KMnO4 (99%) was significantly higher than the positive control (78%) and was not significantly different from the negative control groups. The challenged fish treated with KMnO4 post-challenge had 7% higher survival than the positive control (85% compared with 78%), but that difference was not statistically significant. The results demonstrate that KMnO4 has a clear prophylactic value but probably a marginal therapeutic value once the infection has established. JF - Journal of Fish Diseases AU - Darwish, A M AU - Mitchell, A J AU - Straus, D L AD - Harry K. Dupree-Stuttgart National Aquaculture Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Stuttgart, Arkansas, USA Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - February 2009 SP - 193 EP - 199 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road VL - 32 IS - 2 SN - 0140-7775, 0140-7775 KW - ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - channel catfish KW - experimental columnaris KW - Flavobacterium columnare KW - Ictalurus puntatus KW - potassium permanganate KW - Statistical analysis KW - Disease control KW - Survival KW - Potassium KW - Freshwater KW - Infection KW - Freshwater fish KW - Ictalurus punctatus KW - fish diseases KW - Fish diseases KW - J 02410:Animal Diseases KW - Q1 08484:Species interactions: parasites and diseases KW - Q3 08587:Diseases of Cultured Organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20464005?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Fish+Diseases&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+potassium+permanganate+against+an+experimental+subacute+infection+of+Flavobacterium+columnare+in+channel+catfish%2C+Ictalurus+punctatus+%28Rafinesque%29&rft.au=Darwish%2C+A+M%3BMitchell%2C+A+J%3BStraus%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Darwish&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=193&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Fish+Diseases&rft.issn=01407775&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2761.2008.01015.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fish diseases; Disease control; Potassium; Freshwater fish; fish diseases; Statistical analysis; Survival; potassium permanganate; Infection; Flavobacterium columnare; Ictalurus punctatus; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.2008.01015.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Variability for Free Sugars and Organic Acids in Capsicum chinense AN - 20450249; 9131965 AB - Variability in the concentrations of the chemical constituents that contribute to fruit flavor in Capsicum chinense is poorly documented in the scientific literature. We surveyed fruit of 216 landraces and cultivated varieties of Capsicum chinense acquired from North, Central, and South America, and analyzed these for concentrations of the simple sugars sucrose, glucose, and fructose, and citric, malic, succinic, fumaric, and ascorbic acids. Concentrations (mg/100 g Fresh Weight (FW) of whole fruit) of sucrose, glucose, and fructose in fruit of this species ranged from 0.0 to 150, 68 to 701, and 101 to 823, respectively. The total of these sugars (sucrose+glucose+fructose) ranged from 198 to 1543 mg/100 g FW. Concentrations of organic acids ranged from 0.0 (not detected) to 818, 430, 340, and 232 mg/100 g FW for citric, malic, fumaric, and succinic acids, respectively. However, the relative ranking in the concentrations of the individual acids was genotype-dependent. Total ascorbic-acid values ranged from 30 to 1466 mg/100 g FW. These data serve to document the range in the concentrations of individual sugars and acids present in mature C. chinense fruit and suggest that this variability may lend itself to studies involving the synthesis and/or metabolism of compounds associated with fruit flavor. JF - Chemistry & Biodiversity AU - Jarret, Robert L AU - Berke, Terry AU - Baldwin, Elizabeth A AU - Antonious, George F AD - USDA/ARS/PGRCU, 1109 Experiment Street, Griffin, GA 30224, USA, bob.jarret@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 138 EP - 145 PB - John Wiley & Sons, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 6 IS - 2 SN - 1612-1872, 1612-1872 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - South America KW - Organic acids KW - fruits KW - Capsicum chinense KW - Biological diversity KW - Metabolism KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20450249?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemistry+%26+Biodiversity&rft.atitle=Variability+for+Free+Sugars+and+Organic+Acids+in+Capsicum+chinense&rft.au=Jarret%2C+Robert+L%3BBerke%2C+Terry%3BBaldwin%2C+Elizabeth+A%3BAntonious%2C+George+F&rft.aulast=Jarret&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=138&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemistry+%26+Biodiversity&rft.issn=16121872&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fcbdv.200800046 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Organic acids; fruits; Biological diversity; Metabolism; Capsicum chinense; South America DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbdv.200800046 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Distribution of aflatoxin in non-irrigated peanuts AN - 20403331; 9071725 AB - The aflatoxin B sub(1) and total aflatoxin distribution in Georgia Green peanuts has been measured. Sample distributions were measured in approximately 400 small samples each of jumbo, medium and small other kernels sublots, containing 20, 10, and 5 kernels, respectively. Results were converted to single kernel probability density distributions, p(c), using methods previously published. This constitutes the first direct small sample experimental establishment oip(c) in USA peanuts. All three sublots show evidence in the single kernel probability density of peaks at about concentrations of 10 super(5) and 5x10 super(3) ng/g, and a partial peak at a concentration <5x10 super(2) ng/g. The first and last of these are similar to peaks seen in tree nuts. JF - World Mycotoxin Journal AU - Toyofuku, N AU - Schatzki, T F AU - Ong AD - Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, USA, natsuko.toyofuku@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 71 EP - 75 VL - 2 IS - 1 SN - 1875-0710, 1875-0710 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Aflatoxin B1 KW - Arachis hypogaea KW - Mycotoxins KW - Aflatoxins KW - Nuts KW - Kernels KW - K 03330:Biochemistry KW - X 24370:Natural Toxins KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20403331?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=World+Mycotoxin+Journal&rft.atitle=Distribution+of+aflatoxin+in+non-irrigated+peanuts&rft.au=Toyofuku%2C+N%3BSchatzki%2C+T+F%3BOng&rft.aulast=Toyofuku&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=71&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=World+Mycotoxin+Journal&rft.issn=18750710&rft_id=info:doi/10.3920%2FWMJ2008.1067 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aflatoxin B1; Mycotoxins; Aflatoxins; Kernels; Nuts; Arachis hypogaea DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/WMJ2008.1067 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Photolysis of cyclopiazonic acid to fluorescent products AN - 20402890; 9071726 AB - Cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) is a mycotoxin produced by some of the same species of fungi that produce the more widely known aflatoxins. As a consequence it has been found previously that CPA and the aflatoxins may co-occur in commodities under certain conditions. CPA, which is a substituted indole, has a chromophore with absorptions in the ultraviolet (UV) region (223 nm, 278 nm). Quantification of CPA is commonly accomplished by liquid chromatographic separation followed by detection of one of the UV absorbances. CPA has not previously been described as fluorescent, and it likely is not. However, herein we report that, following exposure to high intensity UV light in a photochemical reactor, fluorescent products of CPA are produced. In methanol or aqueous acetonitrile these products have an excitation maximum of 372 nm and an emission maximum of 462 nm. Upon exposure to UV light for extended periods a decrease in the absorbance of CPA at 223 nm and 278 nm and a concomitant increase in fluorescence was observed. CPA and aflatoxin B sub(1) were separated by reverse-phase liquid chromatography and the eluant was subjected to post-column photolysis, which allowed the fluorescence detection of both toxins. The ability to photolyse CPA and detect this toxin by fluorescence may open up new avenues for determination of this mycotoxin alone or together with the aflatoxins. JF - World Mycotoxin Journal AU - Maragos, C M AD - Mycotoxin Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, ARS, USDA, 1815 N. University Street, Peoria, IL 61604, USA, chris.maragos@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 77 EP - 84 VL - 2 IS - 1 SN - 1875-0710, 1875-0710 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Aflatoxin B1 KW - Photolysis KW - Fluorescence KW - Fungi KW - Methanol KW - Aflatoxins KW - Chromophores KW - cyclopiazonic acid KW - Mycotoxins KW - U.V. radiation KW - Liquid chromatography KW - Indole KW - Bioreactors KW - Absorbance KW - Acetonitrile KW - K 03330:Biochemistry KW - A 01310:Products of Microorganisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20402890?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=World+Mycotoxin+Journal&rft.atitle=Photolysis+of+cyclopiazonic+acid+to+fluorescent+products&rft.au=Maragos%2C+C+M&rft.aulast=Maragos&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=77&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=World+Mycotoxin+Journal&rft.issn=18750710&rft_id=info:doi/10.3920%2FWMJ2008.1088 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aflatoxin B1; Photolysis; Fluorescence; Fungi; Methanol; Aflatoxins; Chromophores; Mycotoxins; cyclopiazonic acid; U.V. radiation; Indole; Liquid chromatography; Bioreactors; Absorbance; Acetonitrile DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/WMJ2008.1088 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Life-history traits of non-native black bullhead Ameiurus melas with comments on its invasive potential AN - 20402089; 9078773 AB - SummaryLife-history traits of non-native black bullhead Ameiurus melas from an oxbow of the River Vah (near the city of Komarno), located in the middle Danube reaches (Slovakia) were investigated during 2006 and 2007, including samples from the pre-spawning (March-May), spawning (May-June), post-spawning (late June-August) and resting (September) periods. In total, 600 specimens were examined. The sex ratio oscillated close to 1:1. Females were found to mature at 98.6-120mm SL (118-145.1mm TL, compared to 171-254mm TL in the native North American populations). Spawning took place in May and June, although the spawning period in 2007 was more protracted. Based on the analyses of annual gonadal cycle and oocyte size distribution, the black bullhead is considered a multiple spawner with asynchronous oocyte development and indeterminate fecundity. Absolute fecundity ranged from 1238 to 4755 (mean 2610), and relative fecundity from 36.2 to 154.3 (mean 56.1) oocytesg-1. The high flexibility in the life history of the black bullhead as demonstrated by its non-native populations, as well as its extreme tolerance and capability to live in systems with poor water quality, suggests that this species has a high potential to invade new areas and establish viable populations. JF - Journal of Applied Ichthyology AU - Novomeska, A AU - Kovac, V AD - Department of Ecology, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia, kovac@fns.uniba.sk Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 79 EP - 84 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road VL - 25 IS - 1 SN - 0175-8659, 0175-8659 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Rivers KW - MELAS syndrome KW - Fecundity KW - Life history KW - Sex ratio KW - Oocytes KW - Spawning KW - Water quality KW - Ameiurus melas KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20402089?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Ichthyology&rft.atitle=Life-history+traits+of+non-native+black+bullhead+Ameiurus+melas+with+comments+on+its+invasive+potential&rft.au=Novomeska%2C+A%3BKovac%2C+V&rft.aulast=Novomeska&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=79&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Ichthyology&rft.issn=01758659&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1439-0426.2008.01166.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; MELAS syndrome; Life history; Fecundity; Sex ratio; Oocytes; Spawning; Water quality; Ameiurus melas DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2008.01166.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Macrocyclic trichothecene production and sporulation by a biological control strain of Myrothecium verrucaria is regulated by cultural conditions AN - 20401160; 9071721 AB - Myrothecium verrucaria is a pathogen of several invasive weed species, including kudzu, and is currently being evaluated for use as a bioherbicide. However, the fungus also produces macrocyclic trichothecene mycotoxins. The safety of this biological control agent during production and handling would be improved if an inoculum could be produced without concomitant accumulation of macrocyclic trichothecenes. Sporulation and trichothecene production by M. verrucaria was evaluated on standard potato dextrose agar (PDA) and a series of complex and defined media. Sporulation on PDA and on agar media with nitrogen as ammonium nitrate or potassium nitrate was more than ten-fold greater then sporulation on the medium with ammonium sulphate as the nitrogen source. Accumulation of macrocyclic trichothecenes was strongly affected by the media composition, with higher levels often associated with higher carbon content in the media. Overall, incubation in continuous darkness resulted in higher macrocyclic trichothecene concentrations. Results support the hypothesis that accumulation of macrocyclic trichothecenes by this fungus can be altered by manipulating carbon and nitrogen sources. Furthermore, the biosynthesis of these mycotoxins may be independent of sporulation, demonstrating that the bioherbicide can be readily produced on solid substrates while simultaneously yielding conidia that are less threatening to worker safety. A more detailed implementation of the concepts demonstrated in this study will facilitate the safe and economical production of this bioherbicide. JF - World Mycotoxin Journal AU - Weaver, MA AU - Hoagland, R E AU - Boyette, C D AU - Zablotowicz, R M AD - United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Southern Weed Science Research Unit. Stoneville MS 38776, USA, mark.weaver@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 35 EP - 43 VL - 2 IS - 1 SN - 1875-0710, 1875-0710 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Biological control KW - Weeds KW - Agar KW - Myrothecium verrucaria KW - Nitrogen sources KW - Sporulation KW - Conidia KW - Pathogens KW - Carbon sources KW - trichothecenes KW - dextrose KW - Mycotoxins KW - Carbon KW - Ammonium sulfate KW - Solanum tuberosum KW - potassium nitrate KW - Inoculum KW - Nitrogen KW - ammonium nitrate KW - K 03330:Biochemistry KW - X 24370:Natural Toxins KW - A 01370:Biological Control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20401160?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=World+Mycotoxin+Journal&rft.atitle=Macrocyclic+trichothecene+production+and+sporulation+by+a+biological+control+strain+of+Myrothecium+verrucaria+is+regulated+by+cultural+conditions&rft.au=Weaver%2C+MA%3BHoagland%2C+R+E%3BBoyette%2C+C+D%3BZablotowicz%2C+R+M&rft.aulast=Weaver&rft.aufirst=MA&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=35&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=World+Mycotoxin+Journal&rft.issn=18750710&rft_id=info:doi/10.3920%2FWMJ2008.1026 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological control; Agar; Weeds; Nitrogen sources; Sporulation; Conidia; Carbon sources; Pathogens; trichothecenes; dextrose; Mycotoxins; Carbon; Ammonium sulfate; Inoculum; potassium nitrate; ammonium nitrate; Nitrogen; Myrothecium verrucaria; Solanum tuberosum DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/WMJ2008.1026 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of the waxy endosperm trait in proso millet (Panicum miliaceum)* AN - 20397790; 9075808 AB - AbstractThe entire USDA-ARS maintained collection of 650 accessions of proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) was evaluated for the presence of accessions with waxy (amylose-free) endosperm starch. Six accessions, five of which derived from mainland China, were identified. Segregation ratios for waxy endosperm were evaluated in F2 and F3 populations derived from crosses between two waxy accessions, PI 436625 (Lung Shu 16) and PI 436626 (Lung Shu 18), and several wild-type accessions. The waxy trait was found to be under the control of duplicate recessive alleles at two loci, herein designated wx-1 and wx-2. Wild-type alleles at these loci were designated Wx-1 and Wx-2. Iodine-binding revealed a mean grain-starch amylose concentration of 3.5% in waxy lines and 25.3% in wild-type proso. Expression of the granule-bound starch synthase (waxy protein) in waxy lines was reduced to approximately one-tenth that of wild-type accessions. The waxy accessions identified now are available for the introgression of this trait into breeding lines adapted to the Great Plains of North America. JF - Plant Breeding/Zeitschrift fuer Pflanzenzuchtung AU - Graybosch, R A AU - Baltensperger, D D AD - 1USDA-ARS, Department of Agronomy & Horticulture, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583, Bob.Graybosch@ARS.USDA.Gov Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 70 EP - 73 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road VL - 128 IS - 1 SN - 0179-9541, 0179-9541 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Panicum miliaceum KW - proso millet KW - starch KW - amylose KW - amylopectin KW - waxy KW - inheritance KW - granule-bound starch synthase KW - Endosperm KW - Amylose KW - Lung KW - Plant breeding KW - Starch KW - waxy protein KW - W 30935:Food Biotechnology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20397790?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Breeding%2FZeitschrift+fuer+Pflanzenzuchtung&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+the+waxy+endosperm+trait+in+proso+millet+%28Panicum+miliaceum%29*&rft.au=Graybosch%2C+R+A%3BBaltensperger%2C+D+D&rft.aulast=Graybosch&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=128&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=70&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Breeding%2FZeitschrift+fuer+Pflanzenzuchtung&rft.issn=01799541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1439-0523.2008.01511.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Endosperm; Amylose; Lung; Plant breeding; Starch; waxy protein; granule-bound starch synthase; Panicum miliaceum DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.2008.01511.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Efficacy and immunogenicity of Mycobacterium bovis RD1 against aerosol M. bovis infection in neonatal calves AN - 20396512; 9068125 AB - An attenuated Mycobacterium bovis RD1 deletion (RD1) mutant of the Ravenel strain was constructed, characterized, and sequenced. This M. bovis RD1 vaccine strain administered to calves at 2 weeks of age provided similar efficacy as M. bovis bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG) against low dose, aerosol challenge with virulent M. bovis at 3.5 months of age. Approximately 4.5 months after challenge, both RD1- and BCG-vaccinates had reduced tuberculosis (TB)-associated pathology in lungs and lung-associated lymph nodes and M. bovis colonization of tracheobronchial lymph nodes as compared to non-vaccinates. Mean central memory responses elicited by either RD1 or BCG prior to challenge correlated with reduced pathology and bacterial colonization. Neither RD1 or BCG elicited IFN-g responses to rESAT-6:CFP-10 prior to challenge, an emerging tool for modern TB surveillance programs. The RD1 strain may prove useful for bovine TB vaccine programs, particularly if additional mutations are included to improve safety and immunogenicity. JF - Vaccine AU - Waters, W Ray AU - Palmer, Mitchell V AU - Nonnecke, Brian J AU - Thacker, Tyler C AU - Scherer, Charles F Capinos AU - Estes, D Mark AU - Hewinson, R Glyn AU - Vordermeier, H Martin AU - Barnes, S Whitney AU - Federe, Glenn C AU - Walker, John R AU - Glynne, Richard J AU - Hsu, Tsungda AU - Weinrick, Brian AU - Biermann, Karolin AU - Larsen, Michelle H AU - Jacobs Jr, William R AD - National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA 50010, USA, ray.waters@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 1201 EP - 1209 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 27 IS - 8 SN - 0264-410X, 0264-410X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Immunology Abstracts KW - Tuberculosis KW - Live bacterial vaccine KW - RD1 KW - BCG KW - Neonatal calf KW - Aerosol inoculation KW - vaccines KW - Age KW - Pathology KW - Infection KW - Mutants KW - Colonization KW - lymph nodes KW - infection KW - Aerosols KW - g-Interferon KW - immunogenicity KW - Mycobacterium bovis KW - colonization KW - Lymph nodes KW - tuberculosis KW - Lung KW - Immunogenicity KW - Neonates KW - Vaccines KW - Mutation KW - F 06905:Vaccines KW - A 01490:Miscellaneous KW - J 02350:Immunology KW - H 4000:Food and Drugs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20396512?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vaccine&rft.atitle=Efficacy+and+immunogenicity+of+Mycobacterium+bovis+RD1+against+aerosol+M.+bovis+infection+in+neonatal+calves&rft.au=Waters%2C+W+Ray%3BPalmer%2C+Mitchell+V%3BNonnecke%2C+Brian+J%3BThacker%2C+Tyler+C%3BScherer%2C+Charles+F+Capinos%3BEstes%2C+D+Mark%3BHewinson%2C+R+Glyn%3BVordermeier%2C+H+Martin%3BBarnes%2C+S+Whitney%3BFedere%2C+Glenn+C%3BWalker%2C+John+R%3BGlynne%2C+Richard+J%3BHsu%2C+Tsungda%3BWeinrick%2C+Brian%3BBiermann%2C+Karolin%3BLarsen%2C+Michelle+H%3BJacobs+Jr%2C+William+R&rft.aulast=Waters&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1201&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vaccine&rft.issn=0264410X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.vaccine.2008.12.018 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aerosols; Age; g-Interferon; Infection; Lymph nodes; Colonization; BCG; Immunogenicity; Lung; Tuberculosis; Vaccines; Neonates; Mutation; vaccines; Pathology; immunogenicity; colonization; Mutants; tuberculosis; lymph nodes; infection; Mycobacterium bovis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.12.018 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Diplodia pinea, the Cause of Diplodia Blight of Pines, Confirmed in Alabama, Louisiana, and Mississippi AN - 20389246; 9068986 AB - Loblolly pine (JPinus taeda) is the major commercial pine species cultivated in the Gulf Coast Region of the southern United States. Symptoms of Diplodia shoot blight (including yellow and brown needles and resin-soaked, dead, small twigs), pycnidia with conidia typical of Diplodia pinea on blighted shoots, and damaged, immature seed cones were observed during the summer of 2007 in loblolly pine seed orchards near Ward, AL, Winn Parish, LA, and Moselle, MS. Similar conidia also were obtained from pycnidia on opened seed cones of longleaf pine (P. palustris) collected on the campus of Mississipi State University, Starkville. Pure cultures obtained from specimens collected at each location were confirmed as D. pinea using species-specific PCR primers that allow differentiation of D. pinea from the similar pine shoot blight pathogen D. scrobiculata. Isolates from loblolly pines in Alabama (07-58), Louisiana (07-38), and Mississippi (06-45) were used individually to inoculate potted 6- to 7-month-old loblolly pine seedlings grown from seed in a greenhouse in each of two independent trials. Elongating terminal shoots of seedlings to be inoculated were wounded by removing a needle fascicle -2 cm below the shoot apex. A 4-mm-diameter plug cut from an actively growing colony on water agar (WA) was placed on the wound, mycelium side toward the stem. Noncolonized WA plugs were placed in the same manner on similarly wounded control seedlings and nonwounded control seedlings also were used. Parafilm was wrapped around the shoots to hold the agar plugs in place and was removed after 1 week. Each of the five isolate-treatment combinations was applied to seven (trial 1) or eight (trial 2) seedlings (35 and 40 seedlings per trial, respectively). One week after inoculation, small, brown lesions were visible at the point of inoculation on stems of most of the inoculated seedlings. At 25 days after inoculation, all inoculated seedlings exhibited needle browning and stem cankers ranging from 0.6 cm to 9.0 cm long (mean 2.5 cm) that girdled and killed distal portions of the shoots of 625% of the inoculated seedlings in each trial. Wounded control and nonwounded control seedlings did not develop symptoms. Stem segments including the point of inoculation (or comparable segments of wounded and nonwounded control seedlings) were excised, surface disinfested, and incubated on tannic acid agar with sterile red pine needles. D. pinea was cultured from all inoculated seedlings and also from one wounded control seedling. Although occurrence of D. pinea on Cedrus spp. is included in an index, to our knowledge this is the first confirmed report of D. pinea on pines in Alabama, Louisiana, and Mississippi. The degree of risk presented by D. pinea to loblolly pine, longleaf pine, and other pine species native to the southern United States when grown in their native ranges is unknown. Reports of Diplodia shoot blight of southern U.S. pines when grown as exotics in the southern hemisphere and the potential for epidemics to develop suddenly under severe weather conditions justify additional studies to evaluate the potential for damage to these hosts in their native ranges. JF - Plant Disease AU - Stanosz, G R AU - Smith AU - Fraedirch, S W AU - Baird, R E AU - Mangini, A AD - University Wisconsin-Madison; USDA Forest Service, Athens, GA Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 198 VL - 93 IS - 2 SN - 0191-2917, 0191-2917 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Pure culture KW - Agar KW - Cedrus KW - Diplodia KW - Orchards KW - Differentiation KW - Colonies KW - Blight KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Shoot blight KW - Tannic acid KW - Coasts KW - Weather KW - Seeds KW - Plant diseases KW - Diplodia pinea KW - Epidemics KW - Conidia KW - Pathogens KW - Greenhouses KW - Wounds KW - Shoots KW - Pycnidia KW - Inoculation KW - Seedlings KW - Primers KW - Stem canker KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20389246?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Disease&rft.atitle=Diplodia+pinea%2C+the+Cause+of+Diplodia+Blight+of+Pines%2C+Confirmed+in+Alabama%2C+Louisiana%2C+and+Mississippi&rft.au=Stanosz%2C+G+R%3BSmith%3BFraedirch%2C+S+W%3BBaird%2C+R+E%3BMangini%2C+A&rft.aulast=Stanosz&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=198&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Disease&rft.issn=01912917&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPDIS-93-2-0198C LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pure culture; Agar; Weather; Plant diseases; Seeds; Epidemics; Conidia; Pathogens; Orchards; Wounds; Greenhouses; Shoots; Differentiation; Pycnidia; Colonies; Blight; Inoculation; Polymerase chain reaction; Primers; Seedlings; Shoot blight; Tannic acid; Stem canker; Coasts; Diplodia pinea; Cedrus; Diplodia DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-93-2-0198C ER - TY - JOUR T1 - First Report of Tomato spotted wilt virus Infecting African Clover (Trifolium tembense) in Georgia AN - 20388801; 9068997 AB - Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV; family Bunyaviridae, genus Tospovirus), which is vectored by several species of thrips (order Thysan-optera, family Thripidae), causes a destructive disease that affects many economically important host plants such as tomatoes, peppers, and peanuts. Controlling the spread of this disease is challenging, and currently, only limited strategies are available to prevent and/or control its dissemination, including early diagnosis, destruction of infected material, and elimination of the vector. TSWV has been previously reported in subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum), white clover (T. repens), and various unidentified wild clovers (Trifolium spp.) in North America and Australia, but never before in an African species. T. tembense (Fresen.), an herbaceous annual African clover that is mainly used for grazing, is part of the national germplasm collection housed at the Plant Genetic Resources Conservation Unit in Griffin, GA. TSWV was found naturally infecting several accessions of this species being grown for regeneration in a greenhouse during 2008. Initial putative identification of the virus was done by visual inspection of host symptoms that included ringspots, necrotic and chlorotic local lesions, sometimes mild systemic wilting, and eventually an overall decline of healthy tissue in the infected plants. This was subsequently confirmed by double-antibody sandwich (DAS)-ELISA and reverse transcription (RT)-PCR. Primers (5'-ATGTCTAAGGTTAAGCTC-3' forward and 5'-TTAAGCAAGTTCTGT GAG-3' reverse) targeted the nucleocapsid gene of TSWV and amplified an expected product of approximately 800 bp. No product was amplified in any of the negative controls. Twenty-six individuals representing twelve plant accessions (PI 517788, 517790, 517792, 517793, 517809, 517832, 517842, 517845, 517851, 517871, 517876, and 517889) were screened for TSWV. Two to three individuals were targeted from each accession. Samples were chosen on the basis of the availability of leaf tissue to perform two diagnostic assays, ELISA and RT-PCR. Samples chosen for this study were all naturally infected by thrips. All but four individuals representing two plant accessions tested positive for the virus. The RT-PCR data substantiated the DAS-ELISA results and confirmed the suspected infection. More than 26% of the positive samples naturally infected by TSWV were further characterized by purifying and sequencing (bidirectionally) the RT-PCR product on an automated CEQ 8000 sequencer (Beckman Coulter, Fullerton, CA). The resulting sequences were aligned and edited using AlignIR (LI-COR, Lincoln, NE). More than 700 bp of sequence data (GenBank Accession No. FJ183743-FJ183746) was compiled and they displayed 98% identity with deposited TSWV nucleocapsid gene sequences in GenBank, with no similarity to any other targets. To our knowledge, this is the first report of TSWV infection in T. tembense. Accessions potentially resistant to TSWV within this species were identified and need to be further substantiated. T. tembense is a wild, native clover in Africa and could serve as a weed host for infection of nearby agronomically important crops. JF - Plant Disease AU - Barkley, NA AU - Pinnow, D L AU - Wang, G A AU - Pederson, M L AD - USDA-ARS Plant Genetic Resources Conservation Unit, 1109 Experiment Street, Griffin, GA 30223, USA Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 202 VL - 93 IS - 2 SN - 0191-2917, 0191-2917 KW - Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Arachis hypogaea KW - Weeds KW - Tomato spotted wilt virus KW - Nuts KW - Infection KW - Bunyaviridae KW - Reverse transcription KW - Wilting KW - Lycopersicon esculentum KW - Trifolium subterraneum KW - Trifolium KW - Germplasm KW - Nucleocapsids KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Thripidae KW - Crop KW - Plant diseases KW - Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay KW - Data processing KW - Tospovirus KW - Grazing KW - Leaves KW - Vectors KW - Host plants KW - Greenhouses KW - Genetic resources KW - Conservation KW - Primers KW - Plant viruses KW - Wilt KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - Z 05350:Medical, Veterinary, and Agricultural Entomology KW - V 22310:Genetics, Taxonomy & Structure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20388801?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Disease&rft.atitle=First+Report+of+Tomato+spotted+wilt+virus+Infecting+African+Clover+%28Trifolium+tembense%29+in+Georgia&rft.au=Barkley%2C+NA%3BPinnow%2C+D+L%3BWang%2C+G+A%3BPederson%2C+M+L&rft.aulast=Barkley&rft.aufirst=NA&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=202&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Disease&rft.issn=01912917&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPDIS-93-2-0202C LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Weeds; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Plant diseases; Crop; Data processing; Grazing; Leaves; Vectors; Nuts; Infection; Host plants; Greenhouses; Wilting; Reverse transcription; Genetic resources; Germplasm; Nucleocapsids; Polymerase chain reaction; Conservation; Primers; Plant viruses; Wilt; Lycopersicon esculentum; Arachis hypogaea; Trifolium subterraneum; Tomato spotted wilt virus; Tospovirus; Trifolium; Thripidae; Bunyaviridae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-93-2-0202C ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermal inactivation of Listeria monocytogenes in ground beef under isothermal and dynamic temperature conditions AN - 20387594; 9064131 AB - The objective of this research was to compare the suitability of three kinetic models for describing the survival of a cocktail of Listeria monocytogenes in ground beef under both isothermal and dynamic temperature conditions. Ground beef (93% lean), inoculated with a 4-strain cocktail of L. monocytogenes, was subjected to heating at 57, 60, 63, or 66 °C to develop isothermal kinetic models. Experimental data showed that the isothermal survival curves were not strictly linear and were downwardly concaved. The isothermal inactivation of L. monocytogenes in ground beef was better described by two nonlinear kinetic models, the Weibull-type and the modified Gompertz models. Analytical results showed that root mean square error values (RMSE) of the Weibull-type and the modified Gompertz models were 0.19 and 0.20 log(CFU/g), both significantly smaller than that of the linear model (0.48 log(CFU/g)). Under linear heating dynamic conditions, however, only the modified Gompertz model, with a RMSE of only 0.71 log(CFU/g), was suitable for describing the survival of the pathogen. Both linear and Weibull-type models grossly underestimated the survival of L. monocytogenes in ground beef during dynamic heating. JF - Journal of Food Engineering AU - Huang, Lihan AD - Eastern Regional Research Center, US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038, United States, Lihan.Huang@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 380 EP - 387 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 90 IS - 3 SN - 0260-8774, 0260-8774 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Thermal inactivation KW - Modeling KW - Kinetic analysis KW - L. monocytogenes KW - inactivation KW - Temperature effects KW - Listeria monocytogenes KW - Data processing KW - Temperature KW - Survival KW - Pathogens KW - Food contamination KW - Models KW - Beef KW - Kinetics KW - survival KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology KW - J 02490:Miscellaneous KW - H 4000:Food and Drugs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20387594?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Food+Engineering&rft.atitle=Thermal+inactivation+of+Listeria+monocytogenes+in+ground+beef+under+isothermal+and+dynamic+temperature+conditions&rft.au=Huang%2C+Lihan&rft.aulast=Huang&rft.aufirst=Lihan&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=90&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=380&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Food+Engineering&rft.issn=02608774&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jfoodeng.2008.07.011 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Data processing; Beef; Kinetics; Survival; Pathogens; Models; inactivation; Temperature; survival; Food contamination; Listeria monocytogenes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2008.07.011 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Big impacts by small RNAs in plant development AN - 20386452; 9062560 AB - Background: In metazoans, microRNAs, or miRNAs, constitute a growing family of small regulatory RNAs that are usually 19 -25 nucleotides in length. They are processed from longer precursor RNAs that fold into stem-loop structures by the ribonuclease Dicer and are thought to regulate gene expression by base pairing with RNAs of protein-coding genes. In Arabidopsis thaliana, mutations in CARPEL FACTORY (CAF), a Dicer homolog, and those in a novel gene, HEN1, result in similar, multifaceted developmental defects, suggesting a similar function of the two genes, possibly in miRNA metabolism. Results: To investigate the potential functions of CAF and HEN1 in miRNA metabolism, we aimed to isolate miRNAs from Arabidopsis and examine their accumulation during plant development in wild-type plants and in hen1-1 and caf-1 mutant plants. We have isolated 11 miRNAs, some of which have potential homologs in tobacco, rice, and maize. The putative precursors of these miRNAs have the capacity to form stable stem-loop structures. The accumulation of these miRNAs appears to be spatially or temporally controlled in plant development, and their abundance is greatly reduced in caf-1 and hen1-1 mutants. HEN1 homologs are found in bacterial, fungal, and metazoan genomes. Conclusions: miRNAs are present in both plant and animal kingdoms. An evolutionarily conserved mechanism involving a protein, known as Dicer in animals and CAF in Arabidopsis, operates in miRNA metabolism. HEN1 is a new player in miRNA accumulation in Arabidopsis, and HEN1 homologs in metazoans may have a similar function. The developmental defects associated with caf-1 and hen1-1 mutations and the patterns of miRNA accumulation suggest that miRNAs play fundamental roles in plant development. JF - Current Opinion in Plant Biology AU - Chuck, George AU - Candela, Hector AU - Hake, Sarah AD - Plant Gene Expression Center, United States Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service and the University of California, Albany, CA 94710, United States, gchuck@nature.berkeley.edu Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 81 EP - 86 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 12 IS - 1 SN - 1369-5266, 1369-5266 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Genetics Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - Genomes KW - carpels KW - miRNA KW - Oryza sativa KW - Development KW - Nucleotides KW - Gene expression KW - Arabidopsis thaliana KW - Zea mays KW - Reviews KW - Tobacco KW - Ribonuclease KW - Protein turnover KW - Metazoa KW - Mutation KW - Evolution KW - Metabolism KW - J 02410:Animal Diseases KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - N 14830:RNA KW - K 03310:Genetics & Taxonomy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20386452?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Opinion+in+Plant+Biology&rft.atitle=Big+impacts+by+small+RNAs+in+plant+development&rft.au=Chuck%2C+George%3BCandela%2C+Hector%3BHake%2C+Sarah&rft.aulast=Chuck&rft.aufirst=George&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=81&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+Opinion+in+Plant+Biology&rft.issn=13695266&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.pbi.2008.09.008 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; carpels; miRNA; Development; Nucleotides; Gene expression; Reviews; Tobacco; Protein turnover; Ribonuclease; Mutation; Metabolism; Evolution; Arabidopsis thaliana; Zea mays; Oryza sativa; Metazoa DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pbi.2008.09.008 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of Closed-Loop Site-Specific Irrigation with Wireless Sensor Network AN - 20376398; 9049364 AB - Automated site-specific sprinkler irrigation system can save water and maximize productivity, but implementing automated irrigation is challenging in system integration and decision making. A controllable irrigation system was integrated into a closed-loop control with a distributed wireless in-field sensor network for automated variable-rate irrigation. An experimental field was configured into five soil zones based on soil electrical conductivity. In-field soil water sensors were installed on each zone of the distributed wireless sensor network and remotely monitored by a base station for decision making. The soil water sensors were calibrated with a neutron probe and individually identified for their response ranges at each zone. Irrigation decisions were site-specifically made based on feedback of soil water conditions from distributed in-field sensor stations. Variable-rate water application was remotely controlled by the base station to actuate solenoids to regulate the amount of time an individual group of sprinkler nozzles was irrigating in a 60-s time period. The performance of the system was evaluated with the measurement of water usage and soil water status throughout the growing season. Variable water distribution collected in catch cans highly matched to the rate assigned by computer with r super(2)=0.96. User-friendly software provided real-time wireless irrigation control and monitoring during the irrigation operation without interruptions in wireless radio communication. JF - Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering AU - Kim, Y AU - Evans, R G AU - Iversen, WM AD - Research Associate, USDA-ARS, Northern Plains Agricultural Research Laboratory, 1500 N. Central Ave., Sidney, MT 59270, USA, james.kim@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 25 EP - 31 VL - 135 IS - 1 SN - 0733-9437, 0733-9437 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Sensors KW - Bases KW - Automation KW - Sprinkler Irrigation KW - Soil Water KW - Decision Making KW - Irrigation Systems KW - Irrigation Operation KW - Networks KW - SW 1030:Use of water of impaired quality KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20376398?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Irrigation+and+Drainage+Engineering&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+Closed-Loop+Site-Specific+Irrigation+with+Wireless+Sensor+Network&rft.au=Kim%2C+Y%3BEvans%2C+R+G%3BIversen%2C+WM&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=135&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Irrigation+and+Drainage+Engineering&rft.issn=07339437&rft_id=info:doi/10.1061%2F%28ASCE%290733-9437%282009%29135%3A1%2825%29 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sensors; Irrigation Systems; Irrigation Operation; Bases; Networks; Automation; Sprinkler Irrigation; Soil Water; Decision Making DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9437(2009)135:1(25) ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling the survival of Escherichia coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes, and Salmonella Typhimurium during fermentation, drying, and storage of soudjouk-style fermented sausage AN - 20371755; 9045114 AB - This study quantified and modeled the survival of Escherichia coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella Typhimurium in soudjouk-style fermented sausage during fermentation, drying, and storage. Batter prepared from ground beef (20% fat), seasonings, starter culture, and dextrose was separately inoculated with a multi-strain mixture of each pathogen to an initial inoculum of ca. 6.5 log10 CFU/g in the batter. The sausages were subsequently fermented at 24 °C with a relative humidity (RH) of 90% to 95% for 3 to 5 days to ca. pH 5.2, pH 4.9 or pH 4.6, then dried at 22 °C to aw 0.92, aw 0.89, or aw 0.86, respectively, and then stored at 4, 21, or 30 °C for up to 60 days. Lethality of the three pathogens was modeled as a function of pH, aw and/or storage temperature. During fermentation to pH 5.2 to pH 4.6, cell reductions ranged from 0 to 0.9 log10 CFU/g for E. coli O157:H,0.1 to 0.5 log10 CFU/g for L. monocytogenes, and 0 to 2.2 log10 CFU/g for S. Typhimurium. Subsequent drying of sausages of pH 5.2 to pH 4.6 at 22 °C with 80% to 85% RH for 3 to 7 days to aw of 0.92 to aw 0.86 resulted in additional reductions that ranged from 0 to 3.5 log10 CFU/g for E. coli O157:H,0 to 0.4 log10 CFU/g for L. monocytogenes, and 0.3 to 2.4 log10 CFU/g for S. Typhimurium. During storage at 4, 21, or 30 °C the reduction rates of the three pathogens were generally higher (p < 0.05) in sausages with lower pH and lower aw that were stored at higher temperatures. Polynomial equations were developed to describe the inactivation of the three pathogens during fermentation, drying, and storage. The applicability of the resulting models for fermented sausage was evaluated by comparing model predictions with published data. Pathogen reductions estimated by the models for E. coli O157:H7 and S. Typhimurium were comparable to 67% and 73% of published data, respectively. Due to limited published data for L. monocytogenes, the models for L. monocytogenes would need additional validations. Results of pathogen reductions from this study may be used as a reference to assist manufacturers of soudjouk-style sausages to adopt manufacturing processes that meet the regulatory requirements. The resulting models may also be used for estimating the survival of E. coli O157:H7 and S. Typhimurium in other similar fermented sausage during fermentation and storage. JF - International Journal of Food Microbiology AU - Hwang, Cheng-An AU - Porto-Fett, Anna C S AU - Juneja, Vijay K AU - Ingham, Steven C AU - Ingham, Barbara H AU - Luchansky, John B AD - Microbial Food Safety Research Unit, Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 600 E. Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038, USA, andy.hwang@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 244 EP - 252 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 129 IS - 3 SN - 0168-1605, 0168-1605 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Escherichia coli O157:H7 KW - Listeria monocytogenes KW - Salmonella Typhimurium KW - Fermented sausage KW - Predictive model KW - Soudjouk KW - Relative humidity KW - Temperature effects KW - Starter cultures KW - Data processing KW - Mathematical models KW - Fermentation KW - Survival KW - Drying KW - Pathogens KW - Salmonella typhimurium KW - dextrose KW - Lethality KW - Beef KW - Colony-forming cells KW - Escherichia coli KW - Inoculum KW - Sausages KW - pH effects KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology KW - W 30935:Food Biotechnology KW - J 02300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20371755?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Food+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Modeling+the+survival+of+Escherichia+coli+O157%3AH7%2C+Listeria+monocytogenes%2C+and+Salmonella+Typhimurium+during+fermentation%2C+drying%2C+and+storage+of+soudjouk-style+fermented+sausage&rft.au=Hwang%2C+Cheng-An%3BPorto-Fett%2C+Anna+C+S%3BJuneja%2C+Vijay+K%3BIngham%2C+Steven+C%3BIngham%2C+Barbara+H%3BLuchansky%2C+John+B&rft.aulast=Hwang&rft.aufirst=Cheng-An&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=129&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=244&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Food+Microbiology&rft.issn=01681605&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ijfoodmicro.2008.12.003 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Relative humidity; Starter cultures; Mathematical models; Data processing; Fermentation; Drying; Survival; Pathogens; dextrose; Lethality; Beef; Colony-forming cells; Inoculum; Sausages; pH effects; Listeria monocytogenes; Escherichia coli; Salmonella typhimurium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2008.12.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rising CO sub(2), Climate Change, and Public Health: Exploring the Links to Plant Biology AN - 20362944; 9049521 AB - BACKGROUND: Although the issue of anthropogenic climate forcing and public health is widely recognized, one fundamental aspect has remained underappreciated: the impact of climatic change on plant biology and the well-being of human systems. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to critically evaluate the extant and probable links between plant function and human health, drawing on the pertinent literature. DISCUSSION: Here we provide a number of critical examples that range over various health concerns related to plant biology and climate change, including aerobiology, contact dermatitis, pharmacology, toxicology, and pesticide use. CONCLUSIONS: There are a number of clear links among climate change, plant biology, and public health that remain underappreciated by both plant scientists and health care providers. We demonstrate the importance of such links in our understanding of climate change impacts and provide a list of key questions that will help to integrate plant biology into the current paradigm regarding climate change and human health. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Ziska, L H AU - Epstein, PR AU - Schlesinger, W H AD - Building 1, Room 323, Crop Systems and Global Change Laboratory, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, 10300 Baltimore Ave., Beltsville, MD 20705 USA, l.ziska@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 155 EP - 158 VL - 117 IS - 2 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Health care KW - Pharmacology KW - anthropogenic factors KW - contact dermatitis KW - Climatic changes KW - Climate KW - Pesticides KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Toxicology KW - Public health KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20362944?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Rising+CO+sub%282%29%2C+Climate+Change%2C+and+Public+Health%3A+Exploring+the+Links+to+Plant+Biology&rft.au=Ziska%2C+L+H%3BEpstein%2C+PR%3BSchlesinger%2C+W+H&rft.aulast=Ziska&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=155&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/10.1289%2Fehp.11501 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Health care; anthropogenic factors; Pharmacology; contact dermatitis; Pesticides; Climate; Climatic changes; Carbon dioxide; Toxicology; Public health DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.11501 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, cysteine proteinases: Cloning, characterisation and expression of cathepsin H and L AN - 20356173; 9037919 AB - The antigen recognition by the host immune system is a complex biochemical process that requires a battery of enzymes. Cathepsins are one of the enzyme superfamilies involved in antigen degradation. We observed the up-regulation of catfish cathepsin H and L transcripts during the early stage of Edwardsiella ictaluri infection in preliminary studies, and speculated that cathepsin H and L may play roles in infection. We identified, sequenced and characterized the complete channel catfish cathepsin H and L cDNAs, which comprised 1415 and 1639 nucleotides, respectively. The open reading frames of cathepsin H appeared to encode a protein of 326-amino acid residues, which that of cathepsin L encoded a protein of 336 amino acids. The degree of conservation of the channel catfish cathepsin H and L amino acid sequences in comparison to other species ranged from 61% to 77%, and 67% to 85%, respectively. The catalytic triad and substrate binding sites are conserved in cathepsin H and L amino acid sequences. The cathepsin L transcript was expressed in all tissues examined, while the cathepsin H was expressed in restricted tissues. These results provide important information for further exploring the roles of channel catfish cathepsins in antigen processing. JF - Fish & Shellfish Immunology AU - Yeh, HY AU - Klesius, PH AD - Agricultural Research Service, Aquatic Animal Health Research Unit, 990 Wire Road, Auburn, AL 36832-4352, USA, hungyueh.yeh@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - February 2009 SP - 332 EP - 338 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl] VL - 26 IS - 2 SN - 1050-4648, 1050-4648 KW - Channel catfish KW - Graceful catfish KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Immunology Abstracts KW - Degradation KW - immune system KW - Biochemistry KW - Edwardsiella ictaluri KW - Immune system KW - Freshwater KW - Infection KW - Freshwater fish KW - Ictalurus punctatus KW - Antigens KW - infection KW - Conserved sequence KW - Antigen processing KW - cathepsins KW - Cysteine proteinase KW - Amino acids KW - Residues KW - Pathogenic bacteria KW - Immunology KW - Cloning KW - Enzymes KW - Nucleotides KW - Cathepsin L KW - Fish diseases KW - Cathepsin H KW - Conservation KW - Proteins KW - Shellfish KW - Fish KW - ribonuclease L KW - Open reading frames KW - Amino acid sequence KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q1 08484:Species interactions: parasites and diseases KW - J 02350:Immunology KW - F 06940:Fish Immunity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20356173?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fish+%26+Shellfish+Immunology&rft.atitle=Channel+catfish%2C+Ictalurus+punctatus%2C+cysteine+proteinases%3A+Cloning%2C+characterisation+and+expression+of+cathepsin+H+and+L&rft.au=Yeh%2C+HY%3BKlesius%2C+PH&rft.aulast=Yeh&rft.aufirst=HY&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=332&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fish+%26+Shellfish+Immunology&rft.issn=10504648&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.fsi.2008.11.010 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Antigens; Fish diseases; Pathogenic bacteria; Immunology; Freshwater fish; Nucleotides; Amino acid sequence; Amino acids; Immune system; Enzymes; Infection; Cathepsin L; Cathepsin H; Conserved sequence; cathepsins; Antigen processing; ribonuclease L; Open reading frames; Cysteine proteinase; Biochemistry; Residues; immune system; Degradation; Cloning; infection; Proteins; Conservation; Fish; Shellfish; Edwardsiella ictaluri; Ictalurus punctatus; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2008.11.010 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genetic Loci Involved in Rubrifacine Production in the Walnut Pathogen Brenneria rubrifaciens AN - 20351752; 9016164 AB - Brenneria rubrifaciens produces a unique red pigment known as rubrifacine that has been hypothesized to play a role in pathogenesis on walnut Analysis of DNA flanking the Tn5 insertion site in 20 rubrifacine minus (pig super(-)) mutants identified three regions required for rubrifacine production. The first region was homologous to nonribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPS), the second was homologous to autoinducer synthase genes (expl homologs), and the third region was homologous to the slyA gene of Candidates blochmania and Escherichia coli. Pigment production was not necessary for elicitation of the hypersensitive response (HR) in tobacco and had little impact on virulence in tissue-cultured walnut plants. The expI-interrupted mutants exhibited reduced virulence on walnut and were HR negative on tobacco. Pigment production was restored in Br-212 when grown in the presence of wild-type B. rubrifaciens, E. coli carrying the cloned expI-like gene, or introduction of the cloned wild-type copy of the expI-like gene. Two Brenneria spp., B. nigrifluens and B. salicis, also restored pigment production in Br-212. These results demonstrate that rubrifacine production and virulence of B. rubrifaciens on walnut are under the control of a quorum-sensing system and are sensitive to signal molecules from other Brenneria spp. JF - Phytopathology AU - McClean, A E AU - Kluepfel, DA AD - Crops Pathology and Genetics Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, 259 Hutchison Hall, Department of Plant Pathology, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis 95616, USA, Daniel.Kluepfel@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 145 EP - 151 VL - 99 IS - 2 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - quorum sensing KW - Carcinoembryonic antigen KW - Juglans KW - Pathogens KW - slyA gene KW - Virulence KW - Brenneria KW - Insertion KW - Pigments KW - Hypersensitive response KW - Escherichia coli KW - Tobacco KW - DNA KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20351752?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Genetic+Loci+Involved+in+Rubrifacine+Production+in+the+Walnut+Pathogen+Brenneria+rubrifaciens&rft.au=McClean%2C+A+E%3BKluepfel%2C+DA&rft.aulast=McClean&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=145&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPHYTO-99-2-0145 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Virulence; Insertion; Hypersensitive response; quorum sensing; Pigments; Carcinoembryonic antigen; DNA; Tobacco; slyA gene; Pathogens; Brenneria; Escherichia coli; Juglans DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-99-2-0145 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitative Distribution of 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus' in Citrus Plants with Citrus Huanglongbing AN - 20350189; 9016163 AB - Citrus huanglongbing (HLB), or greening disease, is strongly associated with any of three nonculturable gram-negative bacteria belonging to 'Candidatus Liberibacter spp.' 'Ca. Liberibacter spp.' are transmitted by citrus psyllids to all commercial cultivars of citrus. The diseases can be lethal to citrus and have recently become widespread in both Sao Paulo, Brazil, and Florida, United States, the locations of the largest citrus industries in the world. Asiatic HLB, the form of the disease found in Florida, is associated with 'Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus' and is the subject of this report. The nonculturable nature of the pathogen has hampered research and little is known about the distribution of 'Ca. L. asiaticus' in infected trees. In this study, we have used a quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay to systematically quantify the distribution of 'Ca. L. asiaticus' genomes in tissues of six species of citrus either identified in the field during survey efforts in Florida or propagated in a greenhouse in Beltsville, MD. The populations of 'Ca. L. asiaticus' inferred from the distribution of 16S rDNA sequences specific for 'Ca. L. asiaticus' in leaf midribs, leaf blades, and bark samples varied by a factor of 1,000 among samples prepared from the six citrus species tested and by a factor of 100 between two sweet orange trees tested. In naturally infected trees, aboveground portions of the tree averaged 10 super(10) 'Ca. L. asiaticus' genomes per gram of tissue. Similar levels of 'Ca. L. asiaticus' genomes were observed in some but not all root samples from the same plants. In samples taken from greenhouse-inoculated trees, levels of 'Ca. L. asiaticus' genomes varied systematically from 10 super(4) genomes/g at the graft inoculation site to 10 super(10) genomes/g in some leaf petioles. Root samples from these trees also contained 'Ca. L. asiaticus' at 10 super(7) genomes/g. In symptomatic fruit tissues, 'Ca. L. asiaticus' genomes were also readily detected and quantified. The highest levels of 'Ca. L. asiaticus' in fruit tissues were found in the locular membranes and septa (10 super(8) genomes/g), with 100-fold lower levels of 'Ca. L. asiaticus' in the meso and pericarp of such fruit. Our results demonstrate both the ubiquitous presence of 'Ca. L. asiaticus' in symptomatic citrus trees as well as great variation between individual trees and among samples of different tissues from the same trees. Our methods will be useful in both the management and scientific study of citrus HLB, also known as citrus greening disease. JF - Phytopathology AU - Li, W AU - Levy, L AU - Hartung, J S AD - USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA, john.hartung@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 139 EP - 144 VL - 99 IS - 2 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Citrus KW - Genomes KW - Fruits KW - Trees KW - Carcinoembryonic antigen KW - Leaves KW - Roots KW - Bark KW - pericarp KW - Pathogens KW - Greenhouses KW - Greening KW - Citrus sinensis KW - Gram-negative bacteria KW - Inoculation KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Septum KW - rRNA 16S KW - J 02310:Genetics & Taxonomy KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20350189?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Quantitative+Distribution+of+%27Candidatus+Liberibacter+asiaticus%27+in+Citrus+Plants+with+Citrus+Huanglongbing&rft.au=Li%2C+W%3BLevy%2C+L%3BHartung%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=139&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPHYTO-99-2-0139 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Fruits; Trees; Carcinoembryonic antigen; Leaves; Roots; Bark; Pathogens; pericarp; Greening; Greenhouses; Gram-negative bacteria; Inoculation; Polymerase chain reaction; Septum; rRNA 16S; Citrus; Citrus sinensis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-99-2-0139 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bionomics of Orasema simplex (Hymenoptera: Eucharitidae), a parasitoid of Solenopsis fire ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Argentina AN - 20347847; 9011971 AB - Biological characteristics of the parasitoid Orasema simplex Heraty (Hymenoptera: Eucharitidae), a potential candidate for the biological control of fire ants in the United States were investigated. Female survivorship, fertility and oviposition preferences were studied in the laboratory. Naturally parasitized colonies were examined to determine offspring sex ratio, development success and time, and to artificially parasitize healthy ant colonies. In addition, field studies were carried out to establish natural oviposition substrates and adult activity patterns. Orasema simplex female survivorship was 3.6 ± 1.5 days. Newly emerged females contained 613.5 ± 114.0 mature eggs. The adult development success in natural parasitized colonies was 22.2% with a female-biased sex ratio (4:1). The time required from planidia to adult was 29.5 ± 5.4 days. In the field, adults were mostly found around the ant nests at midday. A broad range of plant species was observed as oviposition substrates. The transfer of planidia to healthy ant colonies was achieved but the development success was very low. Orasema simplex appears to have a limited potential as a fire ant biocontrol agent because of cosmetic damage to a wide variety of plants used for oviposition. However, further studies are necessary to evaluate the real damage exerted by oviposition punctures. JF - Biological Control AU - Varone, L AU - Briano, J AD - USDA-ARS South American Biological Control Laboratory, Bolivar 1559 (1686) Hurlingham, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina, lauvarone@speedy.com.ar Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 204 EP - 209 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 48 IS - 2 SN - 1049-9644, 1049-9644 KW - Entomology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Orasema simplex KW - Solenopsis richteri KW - Solenopsis invicta KW - Fire ants KW - Biological control KW - Bionomics KW - Fertility KW - Sex ratio KW - Formicidae KW - Survival KW - Cosmetics KW - Development KW - Nests KW - Eggs KW - Colonies KW - Eucharitidae KW - Solenopsis KW - Progeny KW - Hymenoptera KW - Activity patterns KW - Oviposition KW - Parasitoids KW - A 01370:Biological Control KW - Z 05330:Reproduction and Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20347847?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biological+Control&rft.atitle=Bionomics+of+Orasema+simplex+%28Hymenoptera%3A+Eucharitidae%29%2C+a+parasitoid+of+Solenopsis+fire+ants+%28Hymenoptera%3A+Formicidae%29+in+Argentina&rft.au=Varone%2C+L%3BBriano%2C+J&rft.aulast=Varone&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=204&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biological+Control&rft.issn=10499644&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biocontrol.2008.10.003 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological control; Bionomics; Fertility; Sex ratio; Survival; Cosmetics; Development; Eggs; Nests; Colonies; Progeny; Activity patterns; Oviposition; Parasitoids; Eucharitidae; Formicidae; Solenopsis; Hymenoptera DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2008.10.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of pH and temperature on inactivation of Salmonella typhimurium DT104 in liquid whole egg by pulsed electric fields AN - 20343634; 9018861 AB - SummaryPulsed electric field (PEF) exposes a fluid or semi-fluid product to short pulses of high-energy electricity, which can inactivate microorganisms. The efficacy of PEF treatment for pasteurisation of liquid eggs may be a function of processing temperature. In this study, effects of PEF, temperature, pH and PEF with mild heat (PEF+heat) on the inactivation of Salmonella typhimurium DT104 cells in liquid whole egg (LWE) were investigated. Cells of S. typhimurium were inoculated into LWE pH adjusted to 6.6, 7.2 or 8.2 at 15, 25, 30 and 40 degree C. The PEF field strength, pulse duration and total treatment time were 25kVcm-1, 2.1 mu s and 250 mu s respectively. Cells of S. typhimurium in LWE at pH 7.2 were reduced by 2.1 logs at 40 degree C and 1.8 logs at 30 degree C. The PEF inactivation of S. typhimurium cells at 15 or 25 degree C was pH dependent. Heat treatment at 55 degree C for 3.5min or PEF treatment at 20 degree C resulted in c. 1-log reduction of S. typhimurium cells. Combination of PEF+55 degree C achieved 3-log reduction of S. typhimurium cells and was comparable to the inactivation by the heat treatment at 60 degree C for 3.5min. With further development, PEF+heat treatment may have an advantage over high-temperature treatment for pasteurisation of liquid eggs. JF - International Journal of Food Science and Technology AU - Jin, Tony AU - Zhang, Howard AU - Hermawan, Nelda AU - Dantzer, William AD - 1Food Safety Intervention Technologies Research Unit, Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, US Department ofAgriculture, 600 E. Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038, USA Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 367 EP - 372 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road VL - 44 IS - 2 SN - 0950-5423, 0950-5423 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Liquid egg KW - pulsed electric field KW - pH KW - Salmonella typhimurium DT104 KW - temperature KW - Temperature effects KW - Heat KW - Electric fields KW - Microorganisms KW - Electricity KW - Salmonella typhimurium KW - Heat treatments KW - pH effects KW - Eggs KW - Pasteurization KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology KW - J 02490:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20343634?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Food+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+pH+and+temperature+on+inactivation+of+Salmonella+typhimurium+DT104+in+liquid+whole+egg+by+pulsed+electric+fields&rft.au=Jin%2C+Tony%3BZhang%2C+Howard%3BHermawan%2C+Nelda%3BDantzer%2C+William&rft.aulast=Jin&rft.aufirst=Tony&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=367&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Food+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=09505423&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2621.2008.01759.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Heat; Electric fields; Microorganisms; Electricity; Heat treatments; pH effects; Pasteurization; Eggs; Salmonella typhimurium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2008.01759.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Most probable number methodology for quantifying dilute concentrations and fluxes of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in surface waters AN - 20339279; 9019128 AB - AbstractAims:To better understand the transport and enumeration of dilute densities of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in agricultural watersheds, we developed a culture-based, five tube-multiple dilution most probable number (MPN) method.Methods and Results:The MPN method combined a filtration technique for large volumes of surface water with standard selective media, biochemical and immunological tests, and a TaqMan confirmation step. This method determined E. coli O157:H7 concentrations as low as 0.1 MPN per litre, with a 95% confidence level of 0.01-0.7 MPN per litre. Escherichia coli O157:H7 densities ranged from not detectable to 9 MPN per litre for pond inflow, from not detectable to 0.9 MPN per litre for pond outflow and from not detectable to 8.3 MPN per litre for within pond. The MPN methodology was extended to mass flux determinations. Fluxes of E. coli O157:H7 ranged from 104 MPN per hour.Conclusion:This culture-based method can detect small numbers of viable/culturable E. coli O157:H7 in surface waters of watersheds containing animal agriculture and wildlife.Significance and Impact of the Study:This MPN method will improve our understanding of the transport and fate of E. coli O157:H7 in agricultural watersheds, and can be the basis of collections of environmental E. coli O157:H7. JF - Journal of Applied Microbiology AU - Jenkins, M B AU - Endale, D M AU - Fisher, D S AU - Gay, P A AD - 1USDA-Agriculture Research Service, J. Phil Campbell, Sr., Natural Resource Conservation Center, Watkinsville, GA, USA, michael.jenkins@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 572 EP - 579 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road VL - 106 IS - 2 SN - 1364-5072, 1364-5072 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Agriculture KW - Surface water KW - Agricultural Watersheds KW - Surface Water KW - Selective Media KW - Watersheds KW - Ponds KW - Volume transport KW - Escherichia coli KW - Bacteria (Enterobacteriaceae) (Escherichia) KW - Density KW - Pond culture KW - Environmental impact KW - Media (selective) KW - Most probable number KW - Filtration KW - Microbiology KW - Culture effects KW - Standards KW - Fluctuations KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0810:General KW - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes KW - J 02450:Ecology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20339279?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Most+probable+number+methodology+for+quantifying+dilute+concentrations+and+fluxes+of+Escherichia+coli+O157%3AH7+in+surface+waters&rft.au=Jenkins%2C+M+B%3BEndale%2C+D+M%3BFisher%2C+D+S%3BGay%2C+P+A&rft.aulast=Jenkins&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=572&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Microbiology&rft.issn=13645072&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2672.2008.04028.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Filtration; Surface water; Microbiology; Environmental impact; Pond culture; Culture effects; Watersheds; Volume transport; Ponds; Agriculture; Most probable number; Media (selective); Bacteria (Enterobacteriaceae) (Escherichia); Density; Agricultural Watersheds; Escherichia coli; Standards; Selective Media; Surface Water; Fluctuations DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.2008.04028.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Antimicrobial activity of nisin incorporated in pectin and polylactic acid composite films against Listeria monocytogenes AN - 20338923; 9018866 AB - SummaryAn extruded composite food packaging film containing pectin, polylactic acids (PLAs) and nisin was developed to inhibit Listeria monocytogenes. The mechanical properties and surface structure of the film were also examined. Cells of L. monocytogenes were reduced by 2.1, 4.5 and 3.7 log units mL-1 by the pectin plus PLA (pectin/PLA) film containing nisin (1000IUmL-1 of tested liquid) in Brain Heart Infusion (BHI) broth, liquid egg white and orange juice, respectively, after 48h at 24C. Pectin played an important roll in embedding nisin into the film. The pectin/PLA film had a similar stiffness but lower tensile strength, elongation and fracture energy than the pure PLA film. These data suggested that nisin incorporated into the pectin/PLA film was an effective approach to reducing L. monocytogenes in a typical growth medium (e.g. BHI broth) as well as in foods (e.g. orange juice and liquid egg). JF - International Journal of Food Science and Technology AU - Jin, Tony AU - Liu, LinShu AU - Zhang, Howard AU - Hicks, Kevin AD - 1Food Safety Intervention Technologies Research Unit, Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, US Department ofAgriculture, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038, USA Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 322 EP - 329 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road VL - 44 IS - 2 SN - 0950-5423, 0950-5423 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Films KW - liquid egg KW - Listeria monocytogenes KW - nisin KW - orange juice KW - packaging KW - pectin KW - polylactic acids KW - Citrus KW - Heart KW - Antimicrobial activity KW - Data processing KW - Food KW - Polylactic acid KW - Fractures KW - Brain KW - Embedding KW - Elongation KW - Fruit juices KW - Albumen KW - Nisin KW - Energy KW - Food composition KW - Tensile strength KW - Pectin KW - Mechanical properties KW - J 02320:Cell Biology KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20338923?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Food+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Antimicrobial+activity+of+nisin+incorporated+in+pectin+and+polylactic+acid+composite+films+against+Listeria+monocytogenes&rft.au=Jin%2C+Tony%3BLiu%2C+LinShu%3BZhang%2C+Howard%3BHicks%2C+Kevin&rft.aulast=Jin&rft.aufirst=Tony&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=322&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Food+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=09505423&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2621.2008.01719.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Heart; Antimicrobial activity; Data processing; Polylactic acid; Food; Brain; Fractures; Embedding; Fruit juices; Elongation; Albumen; Nisin; Energy; Food composition; Tensile strength; Pectin; Films; Mechanical properties; Citrus; Listeria monocytogenes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2008.01719.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte) population dynamics AN - 20338643; 9015636 AB - Abstract1The western corn rootworm Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte is a major insect pest of field maize, Zea mays L. Larvae can cause substantial injury by feeding on maize roots. Larval feeding may destroy individual roots or root nodes, and reduce plant growth, stability, and yield. Costs associated with managing corn rootworms in continuous maize are annually one of the largest expenditures for insect management in the United States Corn Belt.2Even though D. virgifera virgifera has been studied intensively for over 50years, there is renewed interest in the biology, ecology, and genetics of this species because of its ability to rapidly adapt to management tactics, and its aggressive invasive nature.3This article provides a comprehensive review of D. virgifera virgifera population dynamics, specifically: diapause, larval and adult development, seasonality, spatial and temporal dynamics at local and landscape scales, invasiveness in North America and Europe, and non-trophic interactions with other arthropods.4Gaps in current knowledge are identified and discussed especially within the context of challenges that scientists in North America and Europe are currently facing regarding pest dynamics and the need to develop appropriate management strategies for each geographic area. JF - Agricultural and Forest Entomology AU - Meinke, Lance J AU - Sappington, Thomas W AU - Onstad, David W AU - Guillemaud, Thomas AU - Miller, Nicholas J AU - Komaromi, Judit AU - Levay, Nora AU - Furlan, Lorenzo AU - Kiss, Jozsef AU - Toth, Ferenc AD - *USDA-ARS, Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research Unit, Genetics Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011 Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 29 EP - 46 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road VL - 11 IS - 1 SN - 1461-9555, 1461-9555 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - Development KW - Diabrotica virgifera virgifera KW - diapause KW - Europe KW - invasiveness KW - maize KW - North America KW - population dynamics KW - seasonality KW - western corn rootworm KW - Zea mays KW - Feeding KW - Invasiveness KW - Reviews KW - Roots KW - Pests KW - Population dynamics KW - Diapause KW - Seasonal variations KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Z 05360:Genetics and Evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20338643?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agricultural+and+Forest+Entomology&rft.atitle=Western+corn+rootworm+%28Diabrotica+virgifera+virgifera+LeConte%29+population+dynamics&rft.au=Meinke%2C+Lance+J%3BSappington%2C+Thomas+W%3BOnstad%2C+David+W%3BGuillemaud%2C+Thomas%3BMiller%2C+Nicholas+J%3BKomaromi%2C+Judit%3BLevay%2C+Nora%3BFurlan%2C+Lorenzo%3BKiss%2C+Jozsef%3BToth%2C+Ferenc&rft.aulast=Meinke&rft.aufirst=Lance&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agricultural+and+Forest+Entomology&rft.issn=14619555&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1461-9563.2008.00419.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Feeding; Invasiveness; Reviews; Roots; Pests; Diapause; Population dynamics; Seasonal variations; Zea mays; Diabrotica virgifera virgifera DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-9563.2008.00419.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of runoff, soil erosion, and winter wheat yields from no-till and inversion tillage production systems in northeastern Oregon AN - 20335706; 8934065 AB - Conservation tillage systems that reduce soil erosion and maintain or increase soil carbon offer long-term benefits for producers in the inland Pacific Northwestern United States but could result in reduced grain yields due to increased pressure from weeds, disease, and insect pests. Our objective was to compare runoff, soil erosion, and crop yields from a conventional tillage, wheat-fallow two-year rotation and a no-till four-year rotation. The experiment was undertaken within a small watershed to provide results that would be representative of conservation effectiveness at the field scale. Two neighboring drainages, 5.8 and 10.7 ha (14 and 26 ac), in the 340 mm y super(-1) (13.4 in yr super(-1)) precipitation zone of northeastern Oregon, were instrumented to record rainfall, runoff, and erosion over a four-year period (2001 through 2004). One drainage was cropped to a winter wheat-fallow rotation and received inversion tillage (tillage fallow). The second drainage was cropped in a four-year no-till rotation: winter wheat--chemical fallow--winter wheat--chickpea (no-till fallow). We recorded 13 runoff events from the inversion tillage system and 3 from the no-till system. Total runoff and erosion values from inversion tillage drainage were 5.1 mm (0.20 in) and 0.42 Mg ha super(-1) (0.19 tn ac super(-1)) versus 0.7 mm (0.03 in) and 0.01 Mg ha super(-1) (<0.005 tn ac super(-1)) from no-till drainage. The no-till rotation was substantially more effective in conserving soil and water in this field-scale comparison. Soil erosion observed in this research is a fraction of that reported for similar tillage practices outside of the Pacific Northwestern. Mean wheat yields did not significantly differ between inversion tillage and no-till treatments despite intensifying the rotation by replacing one year of fallow with a chickpea crop in the four-year rotation. Because of high year-to-year variability in yield and limited sample size, more study is needed to compare winter wheat yields in no-till production systems with inversion tillage. The no-till cropping system was more effective in reducing runoff and soil erosion and provides producers with an ability to protect soil and water resources in the dryland Pacific Northwest. JF - Journal of Soil and Water Conservation AU - Williams, J D AU - Gollany, H T AU - Siemens, M C AU - Wuest, S B AU - Long, D S AD - Columbia Plateau Conservation Research Center, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Pendleton, Oregon, USA Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 43 EP - 52 VL - 64 IS - 1 SN - 0022-4561, 0022-4561 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Rainfall KW - fallow land KW - crop yield KW - Water resources KW - no-till cropping KW - insects KW - Watersheds KW - INE, USA, Pacific Northwest KW - Crops KW - Crop Yield KW - Soil KW - Triticum aestivum KW - pests KW - Carbon KW - Cicer arietinum KW - Rainfall-runoff Relationships KW - Drainage KW - INE, USA, Oregon KW - Erosion KW - winter KW - Inversion KW - Tillage KW - Conservation KW - weeds KW - tillage KW - Soil Erosion KW - Wheat KW - Runoff KW - ENA 06:Food & Drugs KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 0835:Streamflow and runoff UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20335706?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+runoff%2C+soil+erosion%2C+and+winter+wheat+yields+from+no-till+and+inversion+tillage+production+systems+in+northeastern+Oregon&rft.au=Williams%2C+J+D%3BGollany%2C+H+T%3BSiemens%2C+M+C%3BWuest%2C+S+B%3BLong%2C+D+S&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=43&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.issn=00224561&rft_id=info:doi/10.2489%2Fjswc.64.1.43 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rainfall; crop yield; fallow land; Water resources; no-till cropping; Watersheds; insects; Crops; Soil; Erosion; pests; winter; Inversion; Conservation; tillage; weeds; Carbon; Rainfall-runoff Relationships; Drainage; Tillage; Wheat; Soil Erosion; Runoff; Crop Yield; Triticum aestivum; Cicer arietinum; INE, USA, Oregon; INE, USA, Pacific Northwest DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2489/jswc.64.1.43 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nonpecuniary Benefits to Farming: Implications for Supply Response to Decoupled Payments AN - 20328692; 9015711 AB - We develop a household model wherein farmers allocate labor to maximize utility from leisure, consumption, and nonpecuniary benefits from farming. The model shows that farmers with decreasing marginal utility of income respond to higher decoupled payments by decreasing off-farm labor and increasing farm labor, resulting in greater agricultural output. We then estimate the difference between farm and off-farm returns to labor using data from three nationally representative farm household surveys. The finding of a large on-farm/off-farm wage differential provides compelling evidence of substantial nonpecuniary benefits from farming. JF - American Journal of Agricultural Economics AU - Key, Nigel AU - Roberts, Michael J AD - 1Nigel Key is agricultural economist, Economic Research Service and Michael J. Roberts is assistant professor, Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, North Carolina State University. Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 1 EP - 18 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road VL - 91 IS - 1 SN - 0002-9092, 0002-9092 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - decoupled payments KW - government agricultural programs KW - labor supply KW - lump-sum payments KW - nonpecuniary benefits KW - trade policy KW - households KW - farms KW - income KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20328692?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Agricultural+Economics&rft.atitle=Nonpecuniary+Benefits+to+Farming%3A+Implications+for+Supply+Response+to+Decoupled+Payments&rft.au=Key%2C+Nigel%3BRoberts%2C+Michael+J&rft.aulast=Key&rft.aufirst=Nigel&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=91&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Agricultural+Economics&rft.issn=00029092&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1467-8276.2008.01180.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - households; income; farms DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8276.2008.01180.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Innovative operational seasonal water supply forecasting technologies AN - 20325977; 8934053 AB - Today's Western United States is home to nearly one-third of the American population. The region has experienced rapid population growth in recent years. Continued urban growth, combined with economic changes and federal environmental mandates, are exerting increased pressure on the Western United States' irrigated agriculture. Serving these competing uses, in the face of uncertain and extreme weather, can be difficult. Managers of a fixed water supply must operate their projects within an ever-shrinking margin of error (Western Water Policy Review Advisory Commission 1998). Improved water supply technologies and products will help resource managers to improve water use efficiencies wherever possible. This article describes some of the recent advances by the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service in its mission to support Western US water managers. JF - Journal of Soil and Water Conservation AU - Perkins, T R AU - Pagano, T C AU - Garen, D C AD - National Water and Climate Center, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, Portland, Oregon, USA Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 VL - 64 IS - 1 SN - 0022-4561, 0022-4561 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Economic Growth KW - Water Use Efficiency KW - Population Dynamics KW - Water Supply KW - Water supplies KW - Soil KW - commissions KW - Natural Resources KW - Efficiency KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - Water Policy KW - population growth KW - Economics KW - Seasonal variations KW - water use KW - water policy KW - Weather KW - agriculture KW - USA KW - urban sprawl KW - Reviews KW - Natural resources KW - Conservation KW - Technology KW - ENA 06:Food & Drugs KW - SW 2060:Effects on water of human nonwater activities KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20325977?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.atitle=Innovative+operational+seasonal+water+supply+forecasting+technologies&rft.au=Perkins%2C+T+R%3BPagano%2C+T+C%3BGaren%2C+D+C&rft.aulast=Perkins&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=15A&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.issn=00224561&rft_id=info:doi/10.2489%2Fjswc.64.1.15A LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water policy; water use; Weather; agriculture; Water supplies; Soil; commissions; Efficiency; Sulfur dioxide; urban sprawl; Natural resources; population growth; Reviews; Economics; Conservation; Seasonal variations; Technology; Natural Resources; Water Policy; Water Use Efficiency; Economic Growth; Population Dynamics; Water Supply; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2489/jswc.64.1.15A ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Behaviour and ecology of the western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte) AN - 20324498; 9015640 AB - Abstract1The western corn rootworm (WCR) is a historic pest with a legacy of resistance and behavioural plasticity. Its behaviour and nutritional ecology are important to rootworm management. The success of the most effective and environmentally benign rootworm management method, annual crop rotation, was based on an understanding of rootworm behaviour and host-plant relationships. Enthusiastic adoption of crop rotation, provided excellent rootworm management, but also selected for behavioural resistance to this cultural control.2Though well-studied, significant gaps in WCR biology remain. Understanding the topics reviewed here (mating behaviour, nutritional ecology, larval and adult movement, oviposition, alternate host use, and chemical ecology) is a starting point for adapting integrated pest management and insect resistance management (IRM) to an expanding WCR threat. A presentation of significant questions and areas in need of further study follow each topic.3The expansion of WCR populations into Europe exposes this pest to new environmental and regulatory conditions that may influence its behaviour and ecology. Reviewing the state of current knowledge provides a starting point of reference for researchers and pest management decision-makers in North America and Europe.4The trend toward increasing adoption of transgenic maize will place an increasing premium on understanding WCR behaviour. IRM plans designed to promote sustainable deployment of transgenic hybrids are grounded on assumptions about WCR movement, mating and ovipositional behaviour. Preserving the utility of new and old management options will continue to depend on a thorough understanding of WCR biology, even as the ecological circumstances and geography of WCR problems become more complex. JF - Agricultural and Forest Entomology AU - Spencer, Joseph L AU - Hibbard, Bruce E AU - Moeser, Joachim AU - Onstad, David W AD - *USDA, 205 Curtis Hall, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211-7020, U.S.A. Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 9 EP - 27 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road VL - 11 IS - 1 SN - 1461-9555, 1461-9555 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - Chrysomelidae KW - Coleoptera KW - crop rotation resistance KW - maize KW - mating KW - movement KW - nutritional ecology KW - ovipostion KW - semiochemicals KW - Zea mays KW - Historical account KW - Forests KW - Sustainable development KW - Europe KW - Adoption KW - insects KW - Plasticity KW - Nutrition KW - corn KW - adaptability KW - Ecology KW - Pests KW - Geography KW - Diabrotica virgifera virgifera KW - integrated pest management KW - crop rotation KW - Mating behavior KW - North America KW - Larvae KW - Pest control KW - Crop rotation KW - hybrids KW - Reviews KW - culture KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Z 05330:Reproduction and Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20324498?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agricultural+and+Forest+Entomology&rft.atitle=Behaviour+and+ecology+of+the+western+corn+rootworm+%28Diabrotica+virgifera+virgifera+LeConte%29&rft.au=Spencer%2C+Joseph+L%3BHibbard%2C+Bruce+E%3BMoeser%2C+Joachim%3BOnstad%2C+David+W&rft.aulast=Spencer&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=9&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agricultural+and+Forest+Entomology&rft.issn=14619555&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1461-9563.2008.00399.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Crop rotation; Mating behavior; Reviews; Pest control; Adoption; Pests; Plasticity; Geography; crop rotation; Historical account; Larvae; Sustainable development; Forests; insects; Nutrition; corn; adaptability; Ecology; hybrids; culture; integrated pest management; Zea mays; Diabrotica virgifera virgifera; North America; Europe DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-9563.2008.00399.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Clustered genes involved in cyclopiazonic acid production are next to the aflatoxin biosynthesis gene cluster in Aspergillus flavus AN - 20315101; 8936149 AB - Cyclopiazonic acid (CPA), an indole-tetramic acid mycotoxin, is produced by many species of Aspergillus and Penicillium. In addition to CPA Aspergillus flavus produces polyketide-derived carcinogenic aflatoxins. Aflatoxin biosynthesis genes form a gene cluster in a subtelomeric region. Isolates of A. flavus lacking aflatoxin production due to the loss of the entire aflatoxin gene cluster and portions of the subtelomeric region are often unable to produce CPA, which suggests a physical link of genes involved in CPA biosynthesis to the aflatoxin gene cluster. Examining the subtelomeric region in A. flavus isolates of different chemotypes revealed a region possibly associated with CPA production. Disruption of three of the four genes present in this region predicted to encode a monoamine oxidase, a dimethylallyl tryptophan synthase, and a hybrid polyketide non-ribosomal peptide synthase abolished CPA production in an aflatoxigenic A. flavus strain. Therefore, some of the CPA biosynthesis genes are organized in a mini-gene cluster that is next to the aflatoxin gene cluster in A. flavus. JF - Fungal Genetics and Biology AU - Chang, P K AU - Horn, B W AU - Dorner, J W AD - Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, 1100 Robert E. Lee Boulevard, New Orleans, LA 70124, USA, perngkuang.chang@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 176 EP - 182 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 46 IS - 2 SN - 1087-1845, 1087-1845 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Toxicology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - cyclopiazonic acid KW - Mycotoxins KW - Aspergillus flavus KW - Penicillium KW - Amine oxidase (flavin-containing) KW - Hybrids KW - polyketides KW - Aflatoxins KW - non-ribosomal peptide synthase KW - Tryptophan synthase KW - X 24370:Natural Toxins KW - A 01490:Miscellaneous KW - K 03310:Genetics & Taxonomy KW - G 07780:Fungi UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20315101?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fungal+Genetics+and+Biology&rft.atitle=Clustered+genes+involved+in+cyclopiazonic+acid+production+are+next+to+the+aflatoxin+biosynthesis+gene+cluster+in+Aspergillus+flavus&rft.au=Chang%2C+P+K%3BHorn%2C+B+W%3BDorner%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Chang&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=176&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fungal+Genetics+and+Biology&rft.issn=10871845&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.fgb.2008.11.002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mycotoxins; cyclopiazonic acid; Amine oxidase (flavin-containing); polyketides; Hybrids; non-ribosomal peptide synthase; Aflatoxins; Tryptophan synthase; Aspergillus flavus; Penicillium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fgb.2008.11.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Agriculture and water quality trading: Exploring the possibilities AN - 20300685; 8934061 AB - Water quality trading is a market-based alternative to command and control policies for meeting water quality goals. A trading program creates a market for pollution discharge reductions for the purpose of achieving a water quality goal at a lower cost than traditional command-and-control policies. The US Environmental Protection Agency and the USDA are promoting water quality trading in watersheds impaired by both point source and agricultural pollution. This research examines the extent to which water quality impairments have the potential for creating a demand for credits from agriculture. We found that the opportunities for the development of active markets between point sources and agriculture are limited, due primarily to lack of available demand from point sources. Out of 710 eight-digit HUCs containing waters impaired by nutrients, we identified i42 and 224 where active markets for nitrogen and phosphorus credits, respectively, between regulated point sources and agriculture have the best opportunity to develop, assuming supply and demand impediments can be addressed through program design and government support. We use program data to account for current conservation measures on farms that could drive up the price of credits and reduce demand. JF - Journal of Soil and Water Conservation AU - Ribaudo, MO AU - Nickerson, C J AD - USDA Economic Research Service, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 1 EP - 6 VL - 64 IS - 1 SN - 0022-4561, 0022-4561 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Agriculture KW - water quality KW - Farms KW - Water Pollution Sources KW - Water conservation KW - Agricultural pollution KW - Phosphorus KW - Freshwater KW - Water quality KW - Watersheds KW - Soil KW - Water Policy KW - farms KW - Soils KW - Water Quality Control KW - Water Quality KW - agriculture KW - River discharge KW - Environmental Protection KW - Water pollution KW - Environmental protection KW - nutrients KW - EPA KW - Government Supports KW - Conservation KW - Nitrogen KW - ENA 06:Food & Drugs KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - Q5 08522:Protective measures and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20300685?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.atitle=Agriculture+and+water+quality+trading%3A+Exploring+the+possibilities&rft.au=Ribaudo%2C+MO%3BNickerson%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Ribaudo&rft.aufirst=MO&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.issn=00224561&rft_id=info:doi/10.2489%2Fjswc.64.1.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agricultural pollution; Water conservation; Soils; River discharge; Watersheds; Water quality; Environmental protection; Water pollution; nutrients; Soil; EPA; water quality; farms; Phosphorus; agriculture; Conservation; Nitrogen; Agriculture; Farms; Water Policy; Water Pollution Sources; Government Supports; Water Quality; Environmental Protection; Water Quality Control; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2489/jswc.64.1.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Runoff quality evaluations of continuous and rotational over-wintering systems for beef cows AN - 20276431; 8873502 AB - Over-wintering cattle out of doors can be detrimental to the areas that cattle occupy and cause increased runoff, sediment loss, and nutrient transport. Two systems of over-wintering cattle were evaluated for their environmental impacts over a 12-year period, November 1974-October 1986. In one system, beef cows were moved on 6-7 day intervals among four pastures during the summer growing season (May-October), rotated through hayed areas to eat fall regrowth, and rotated through these areas to feed on the hay made in those areas. In another system, cows were rotated weekly during summer and then fed hay in one winter area during the dormant season (November-April). Vegetative cover in the continuous wintering area frequently decreased to less than 50% by late winter /early spring while it remained at or near 100% in the rotational system. Monthly runoff averages were greater from the continuous wintering system than the rotational wintering system in 9 out of 12 months (annual runoff of 120.4 and 37.5mm, respectively). Sediment loss was also greater from the continuous system than the rotational wintering system (2.68 and 0.24Mgha super(-) super(1) annual averages, respectively). Surface runoff losses of N were greater during the dormant season (13.2 and 6.7kgNha super(-) super(1) annual averages for the continuous and rotational wintering systems, respectively) than the growing season (4.6 and 1.3kgNha super(-) super(1) annual averages, respectively). Runoff, sediment, and N losses were less with this rotational wintering system than with the continuous occupancy wintering system, but the animal occupancy rate was also much greater in the continuous system compared with the rotational system (1497 and 1860cowdaysha super(-) super(1) compared with 528 and 576cowdaysha super(-) super(1)). Although a direct comparison cannot be made between these two systems because of differences in vegetation, stocking rate, and fertilization, the rotational wintering system that was evaluated appears to be sustainable. However, more land area per cow was necessary than with the continuous wintering system that was evaluated. JF - Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment AU - Owens, L B AU - Shipitalo, MJ AD - North Appalachian Experimental Watershed, P.O. Box 488, Coshocton, OH, USA, lloyd.owens@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 482 EP - 490 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 129 IS - 4 SN - 0167-8809, 0167-8809 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Sediment pollution KW - stocking rates KW - nutrient transport KW - regrowth KW - Ecosystems KW - agriculture KW - Environmental impact KW - Vegetation KW - Sustainable development KW - Hay KW - Pasture KW - Sediments KW - Nutrient transport KW - Cattle KW - Fertilization KW - fertilization KW - winter KW - Beef KW - hay KW - summer KW - Runoff KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20276431?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agriculture%2C+Ecosystems+%26+Environment&rft.atitle=Runoff+quality+evaluations+of+continuous+and+rotational+over-wintering+systems+for+beef+cows&rft.au=Owens%2C+L+B%3BShipitalo%2C+MJ&rft.aulast=Owens&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=129&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=482&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agriculture%2C+Ecosystems+%26+Environment&rft.issn=01678809&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.agee.2008.11.003 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fertilization; Beef; Environmental impact; Pasture; Hay; Nutrient transport; Sediments; Runoff; Sediment pollution; stocking rates; regrowth; nutrient transport; Ecosystems; agriculture; Sustainable development; Vegetation; Cattle; winter; fertilization; hay; summer DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2008.11.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitative analysis of cellulose degradation and growth of cellulolytic bacteria in the rumen AN - 20272706; 8913552 AB - AbstractRuminant animals digest cellulose via a symbiotic relationship with ruminal microorganisms. Because feedstuffs only remain in the rumen for a short time, the rate of cellulose digestion must be very rapid. This speed is facilitated by rumination, a process that returns food to the mouth to be rechewed. By decreasing particle size, the cellulose surface area can be increased by up to 106-fold. The amount of cellulose digested is then a function of two competing rates, namely the digestion rate (Kd) and the rate of passage of solids from the rumen (Kp). Estimation of bacterial growth on cellulose is complicated by several factors: (1) energy must be expended for maintenance and growth of the cells, (2) only adherent cells are capable of degrading cellulose and (3) adherent cells can provide nonadherent cells with cellodextrins. Additionally, when ruminants are fed large amounts of cereal grain along with fiber, ruminal pH can decrease to a point where cellulolytic bacteria no longer grow. A dynamic model based on stella+ software is presented. This model evaluates all of the major aspects of ruminal cellulose degradation: (1) ingestion, digestion and passage of feed particles, (2) maintenance and growth of cellulolytic bacteria and (3) pH effects. JF - FEMS Microbiology Ecology AU - Russell, James B AU - Muck, Richard E AU - Weimer, Paul J AD - 1Plant, Soil and Nutrition Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Robert C. Holley Research Center, Ithaca, NY, USA; and Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 183 EP - 197 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 VL - 67 SN - 0168-6496, 0168-6496 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Ecology Abstracts KW - Particle size KW - Food processing KW - Ruminantia KW - Cellulolytic bacteria KW - Rumen KW - Surface area KW - Cellulose KW - Digestion KW - Fibers KW - Computer programs KW - software KW - Rumination KW - Cereals KW - Energy KW - Microorganisms KW - Grain KW - Mouth KW - pH effects KW - Adherent cells KW - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - J 02430:Symbiosis, Antibiosis & Phages UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20272706?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=FEMS+Microbiology+Ecology&rft.atitle=Quantitative+analysis+of+cellulose+degradation+and+growth+of+cellulolytic+bacteria+in+the+rumen&rft.au=Russell%2C+James+B%3BMuck%2C+Richard+E%3BWeimer%2C+Paul+J&rft.aulast=Russell&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=&rft.spage=183&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=FEMS+Microbiology+Ecology&rft.issn=01686496&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1574-6941.2008.00633.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Food processing; Particle size; Cellulolytic bacteria; Rumen; Surface area; Cellulose; Digestion; Computer programs; Fibers; Rumination; software; Cereals; Energy; Grain; Microorganisms; Mouth; pH effects; Adherent cells; Ruminantia DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2008.00633.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comments on a report of regression-based evidence for impact of recent climate change on winter wheat yields AN - 20249004; 8873497 AB - In their 2008 paper entitled ''Impact of recent climatic change ...'', Xiao et al. [Xiao, G., Zhang, Q., Yao, Y., Zhao, H., Wang, R., Bai, H., Zhang, F., 2008. Impact of recent climatic change on the yield of winter wheat at low and high altitudes in semi-arid northwestern China. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. 127, 37-42] presented evidence for increasing grain yield of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) from 1981 to 2005 at two locations in China, as well as for non-linear effects of rainfall and mean temperature on yield. Inspection of their graphs suggested that the responses were overstated. Reanalysis of five graphs indicated that yield had increased at just one site, that there was no effect of rainfall, and that mean temperature only affected yield at the higher site. This temperature effect was described with an exponential function (r super(2)=0.32), but the response could equally be considered linear (r super(2)=0.27). Overall, the reanalyses suggest that four described relations were incorrect due to errors in analysis or reporting. The results highlight the difficulties with using regression with historic data to detect effects of climatic change on agriculture. JF - Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment AU - White, J W AD - 21881 North Cardon Lane, Maricopa, AZ 85238, USA, jeffrey.white@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 547 EP - 548 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 129 IS - 4 SN - 0167-8809, 0167-8809 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - wheat KW - Temperature effects KW - Agriculture KW - Historical account KW - Data processing KW - Ecosystems KW - altitude KW - Rainfall KW - Climatic changes KW - Temperature KW - agriculture KW - crop yield KW - inspection KW - Triticum aestivum KW - Altitude KW - winter KW - Semiarid environments KW - Grain KW - China, People's Rep. KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20249004?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agriculture%2C+Ecosystems+%26+Environment&rft.atitle=Comments+on+a+report+of+regression-based+evidence+for+impact+of+recent+climate+change+on+winter+wheat+yields&rft.au=White%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=129&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=547&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agriculture%2C+Ecosystems+%26+Environment&rft.issn=01678809&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.agee.2008.10.025 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agriculture; Temperature effects; Altitude; Data processing; Rainfall; Climatic changes; Grain; wheat; Historical account; winter; Ecosystems; Semiarid environments; altitude; crop yield; agriculture; Temperature; inspection; Triticum aestivum; China, People's Rep. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2008.10.025 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Corrigendum to ''Rainfall and tillage effects on transport of fecal bacteria and sex hormones 17 beta -estradiol and testosterone from broiler litter applications to a Georgia Piedmont Ultisol'' [Science of the Total Environment 403 (2008) 154-163] AN - 20244256; 8859576 JF - Science of the Total Environment AU - Jenkins, M B AU - Truman, C C AU - Siragusa, G AU - Line, E AU - Bailey, J S AU - Frye, J AU - Endale, D M AU - Franklin, D H AU - Schomberg, H H AU - Fisher, D S AU - Sharpe, R R AD - Sr., Natural Resource Conservation Center, Watkinsville, GA 30677, United States, michael.jenkins@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/02/01/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Feb 01 SP - 1469 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 407 IS - 4 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Testing Procedures KW - Bacteria KW - Litter KW - Rainfall KW - USA, Georgia KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Tillage KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0815:Precipitation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20244256?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.atitle=Corrigendum+to+%27%27Rainfall+and+tillage+effects+on+transport+of+fecal+bacteria+and+sex+hormones+17+beta+-estradiol+and+testosterone+from+broiler+litter+applications+to+a+Georgia+Piedmont+Ultisol%27%27+%5BScience+of+the+Total+Environment+403+%282008%29+154-163%5D&rft.au=Jenkins%2C+M+B%3BTruman%2C+C+C%3BSiragusa%2C+G%3BLine%2C+E%3BBailey%2C+J+S%3BFrye%2C+J%3BEndale%2C+D+M%3BFranklin%2C+D+H%3BSchomberg%2C+H+H%3BFisher%2C+D+S%3BSharpe%2C+R+R&rft.aulast=Jenkins&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=407&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1469&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.scitotenv.2008.08.031 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Testing Procedures; Bacteria; Litter; Tillage; Water Pollution Effects; Rainfall; USA, Georgia DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.08.031 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Culture nutrition and physiology impact the inhibitor tolerance of the yeast Pichia stipitis NRRL Y-7124 AN - 20141818; 10248095 AB - Pichia stipitis NRRL Y-7124 is one of the natural yeasts best able to utilize biomass because it is able to ferment hexoses and the pentose, xylose, to economically recoverable concentrations of ethanol. To test the impact of culture conditions on inhibitor tolerance, inhibitors were spiked to growing or stationary-phase P. stipitis supplied either glucose or xylose and varying nitrogen and mineral compositions; then the ensuing specific death rate response was measured. Resistance of glucose- or xylose-grown cells to inhibitors was generally greater in stationary-phase cells than log-phase cells, despite a greater exposure of stationary cells to ethanol. Consistent with this, the specific productivity of detoxification products, furan methanol or furan-2,5-dimethanol, from respective spikes of furfural or HMF increased as cultures progressed into stationary phase. However, when xylose was the substrate, ethanol resistance behaved uniquely and was greater for log- than stationary-phase cells. Amino acid enrichment of the growth medium significantly enhanced ethanol tolerance if xylose was the carbon source, but had no impact if glucose supplied carbon. Regardless of the carbon source, amino acid enrichment of the culture medium enhanced the ability of cells to resist furfural and HMF exposure. Mineral compositions tested had little impact on inhibitor resistance except stationary-phase xylose-grown cells were more susceptible to inhibitor exposure when magnesium sulfate was excessive. Observed tolerance optimization based on specific death rate as a function of culture physiological state, carbon source, nitrogen source and mineral composition provides new knowledge supporting process designs to convert biomass to ethanol using P. stipitis. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2009; 102: 778-790. JF - Biotechnology and Bioengineering AU - Slininger, Patricia J AU - Gorsich, Steven W AU - Liu, Zonglin L AD - Crop BioProtection Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, USDA-ARS, 1815 N. University, Peoria, Illinois 61604; , pat.slininger@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 778 EP - 790 PB - John Wiley & Sons, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 102 IS - 3 SN - 0006-3592, 0006-3592 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Detoxification KW - Amino acids KW - Xylose KW - Magnesium sulfate KW - Nitrogen sources KW - Methanol KW - Glucose KW - Drug tolerance KW - Cell culture KW - Carbon sources KW - Biomass KW - Furans KW - Nutrition KW - stationary phase KW - Pichia stipitis KW - Hexose KW - Minerals KW - Furfural KW - Ethanol KW - Nitrogen KW - W 30945:Fermentation & Cell Culture KW - K 03320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20141818?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+and+Bioengineering&rft.atitle=Culture+nutrition+and+physiology+impact+the+inhibitor+tolerance+of+the+yeast+Pichia+stipitis+NRRL+Y-7124&rft.au=Slininger%2C+Patricia+J%3BGorsich%2C+Steven+W%3BLiu%2C+Zonglin+L&rft.aulast=Slininger&rft.aufirst=Patricia&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=778&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+and+Bioengineering&rft.issn=00063592&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fbit.22110 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-11-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Detoxification; Xylose; Amino acids; Nitrogen sources; Magnesium sulfate; Methanol; Glucose; Drug tolerance; Cell culture; Carbon sources; Furans; Biomass; Nutrition; stationary phase; Hexose; Minerals; Nitrogen; Ethanol; Furfural; Pichia stipitis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.22110 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The biofilm forming potential of bacterial species in the genus Campylobacter AN - 20046516; 8835716 AB - The biofilm forming abilities of 16 strains representative of 14 of the 16 species comprising the genus Campylobacter were determined on glass, stainless steel, and polystyrene plastic. The formation of biofilms has been suggested as a means by which Campylobacter is able to persist within an inhospitable environment. Of the eight microaerophilic Campylobacter species, including two strains each of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter fetus, only C. jejuni strain 81-176 reliably produced a visible biofilm on multiple surfaces. Alternately, all six strains of the anaerobic Campylobacter species reliably produced visible biofilms on multiple surfaces. Electron micrographs of the individual biofilms showed relatively homogeneous biofilms produced by the anaerobic strains, while the microaerophilic C. jejuni strain 81-176 produced a biofilm containing similar quantities of both the spiral and coccoid forms. This survey suggests a difference in the biofilm forming potentials and the morphologies of the bacteria comprising the biofilms between anaerobic and microaerophilic species of Campylobacter. Additionally, differences observed in the biofilm forming ability of two strains of C. jejuni suggest the need for a further investigation of the biofilm forming potential of this species using a larger number of strains. JF - Food Microbiology AU - Gunther, N W AU - Chen, CY AD - Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, Microbial Food Safety Research Unit, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038, USA, jack.gunther@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 44 EP - 51 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 26 IS - 1 SN - 0740-0020, 0740-0020 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Bacteria KW - Campylobacter jejuni KW - polystyrene KW - Biofilms KW - Plastics KW - Fetuses KW - Campylobacter fetus KW - stainless steel KW - J 02320:Cell Biology KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20046516?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+Microbiology&rft.atitle=The+biofilm+forming+potential+of+bacterial+species+in+the+genus+Campylobacter&rft.au=Gunther%2C+N+W%3BChen%2C+CY&rft.aulast=Gunther&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=44&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+Microbiology&rft.issn=07400020&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.fm.2008.07.012 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - polystyrene; Plastics; Biofilms; Fetuses; stainless steel; Bacteria; Campylobacter jejuni; Campylobacter fetus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fm.2008.07.012 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The variable response of dryland corn yield to soil water content at planting AN - 19631251; 8800796 AB - Farmers in the central Great Plains want to diversify crop rotations from the traditional monoculture system of winter wheat-fallow. Corn (Zea mays L.) could work well as a rotation crop, but inputs are expensive and farmers would like to know the chances of producing a certain yield before investing in seed, fertilizer, herbicides, etc. Information on the yield response of corn to available soil water at planting could help guide the crop choice decision regarding corn. This study was conducted to determine if a predictive relationship exists between dryland corn yield and available soil water at planting time and, if such a relationship exists, to use it to assess the risk in obtaining profitable yields. Yield and soil water data from 10 years of a dryland crop rotation study at Akron, CO were analyzed by linear regression to determine predictive relationships. The yield-soil water content production function was highly variable, with values ranging from 0.0 to 67.3kgha super(-) super(1)permm of available soil water in the 0 to 1.8m soil profile at planting. The differences in yield response to soil water were related to the amount and timing of precipitation that fell during the corn growing season. Because dryland corn yield is highly dependent on precipitation during reproductive and grain-filling stages, soil water content at corn planting cannot be used alone to reliably determine whether corn should be planted in a flexible rotational system. The predictive relationships developed in this study indicate that under typical amounts of available soil water at corn planting, profitable corn production under dryland conditions is a risky and speculative activity in the central Great Plains of the United States. JF - Agricultural Water Management AU - Nielsen, D C AU - Vigil, M F AU - Benjamin, J G AD - Central Great Plains Research Station, 40335 County Road GG, Akron, CO 80720 USA, david.nielsen@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 330 EP - 336 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 96 IS - 2 SN - 0378-3774, 0378-3774 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - crop yield KW - Soil Water KW - Stages KW - Crops KW - corn KW - Crop Yield KW - Soil KW - Fertilizers KW - Zea mays KW - Corn KW - water content KW - plains KW - Soil Profile KW - Timing KW - crop rotation KW - planting KW - Herbicides KW - Precipitation KW - Agrochemicals KW - USA KW - winter KW - USA, Great Plains KW - Water management KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19631251?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agricultural+Water+Management&rft.atitle=The+variable+response+of+dryland+corn+yield+to+soil+water+content+at+planting&rft.au=Nielsen%2C+D+C%3BVigil%2C+M+F%3BBenjamin%2C+J+G&rft.aulast=Nielsen&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=96&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=330&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agricultural+Water+Management&rft.issn=03783774&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.agwat.2008.08.011 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - crop rotation; Soil; Fertilizers; winter; Water management; crop yield; planting; Herbicides; plains; water content; Agrochemicals; corn; Timing; Corn; Stages; Precipitation; Soil Water; Crops; Soil Profile; Crop Yield; Zea mays; USA; USA, Great Plains DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2008.08.011 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating the efficacy of wood shreds for mitigating erosion AN - 19564122; 8800721 AB - An erosion control product made by shredding on-site woody materials was evaluated for mitigating erosion through a series of rainfall simulations. Tests were conducted on bare soil and soil with 30, 50, and 70% cover on a coarse and a fine-grained soil. Results indicated that the wood product known as wood shreds reduced runoff and soil loss from both soil types. Erosion mitigation ranged from 60 to nearly 100% depending on the soil type and amount of concentrated flow and wood shred cover. Wood shreds appear to be a viable alternative to agricultural straw. A wood shred cover of 50% appears optimal, but the appropriate coverage rate will depend on the amount of expected concentrated flow and soil type. JF - Journal of Environmental Management AU - Foltz, R B AU - Copeland, N S AD - USDA Forest Service, 1221 South Main Street, Moscow, ID 83843, USA, rfoltz@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - Feb 2009 SP - 779 EP - 785 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 90 IS - 2 SN - 0301-4797, 0301-4797 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Testing Procedures KW - Soil types KW - Rainfall KW - Soil erosion KW - Hardwood KW - Erosion KW - Erosion Control KW - Soil Types KW - Environmental Policy KW - Straw KW - Runoff KW - Erosion control KW - SW 2080:Watershed protection KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19564122?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=Evaluating+the+efficacy+of+wood+shreds+for+mitigating+erosion&rft.au=Foltz%2C+R+B%3BCopeland%2C+N+S&rft.aulast=Foltz&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=90&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=779&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Management&rft.issn=03014797&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jenvman.2008.01.006 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil types; Rainfall; Straw; Soil erosion; Runoff; Erosion control; Testing Procedures; Erosion; Erosion Control; Soil Types; Environmental Policy; Hardwood DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2008.01.006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Resistance of peas to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in the Pisum core collection AN - 1780505585; PQ0002831074 AB - In this study, 497 pea accessions from the Pisum core collection located at the USDA-ARS, Western Regional Plant Introduction Station (WRPIS), Pullman, WA and seven woody-stem pea lines from a private collection in the UK, were screened for resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, the cause of white mould. All of the Pisum genotypes screened were susceptible to infection, and 237 of the 504 genotypes were highly susceptible since these did not survive 2 weeks post-inoculation. However, 22 pea accessions and one woody-stem line were identified with quantitative partial resistance to white mould. Pea accessions 103709, 166084, 169603, 240515 and 270536 from the core collection demonstrated the greatest quantitative partial resistance to S. sclerotiorum based on nodal resistance and plant survival in replicated greenhouse and laboratory tests. Only five of the 504 genotypes screened had a mean lesion length of between 0 and 1 cm when assessed 3 days post-inoculation. Pea stem diameter was significantly (P less than or equal to 0.03) negatively correlated with stem lesion length in replicated greenhouse and laboratory experiments, and was determined to be the best predictor of quantitative partial resistance to S. sclerotiorum based on lesion length. JF - Plant Pathology AU - Porter, L D AU - Hoheisel, G AU - Coffman, V A AD - USDA-ARS, Vegetable and Forage Crops Research Unit, Prosser, WA 99350; and. Y1 - 2009/02// PY - 2009 DA - February 2009 SP - 52 EP - 60 PB - Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., 1105 N Market St Wilmington DE 19801 VL - 58 IS - 1 SN - 0032-0862, 0032-0862 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Pisum KW - Survival KW - Genotypes KW - Infection KW - Sclerotinia sclerotiorum KW - Greenhouses KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1780505585?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Pathology&rft.atitle=Resistance+of+peas+to+Sclerotinia+sclerotiorum+in+the+Pisum+core+collection&rft.au=Porter%2C+L+D%3BHoheisel%2C+G%3BCoffman%2C+V+A&rft.aulast=Porter&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=52&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Pathology&rft.issn=00320862&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-3059.2008.01937.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Survival; Genotypes; Infection; Greenhouses; Pisum; Sclerotinia sclerotiorum DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.2008.01937.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Past and projected rural land conversion in the US at state, regional, and national levels AN - 20262793; 8869897 AB - The developed land area of the US increased by 14.2 million hectares between 1982 and 2003. Along with a projected US population increase to more than 360 million individuals by 2030 is an expected continuation of expanding rural land development. Related to population growth, rural land development and the associated loss of rural open space are expected to have a number of social, economic, and ecological implications. To gain greater insight into land development patterns, we used US Census Bureau and National Resources Inventory data to quantify per-housing-unit rates of land development during recent decades and to model future land development to 2030 for states and regions in the US. Based on these data, 0.50ha of additional land were developed for each additional housing unit in the US. The numbers of hectares of newly developed land per additional housing unit were greatest in the South Central and Great Plains regions and least in the Pacific Coast and Rocky Mountain regions of the country. Combining population projections and trends in people per housing unit with development indices, we projected that developed area in the US will increase by 22 million hectares between 2003 and 2030, with the greatest absolute increases projected to occur in the Southeast and South Central regions of the US. We used sensitivity analysis to examine the impacts of changes in population migration patterns and per housing unit development patterns on increases in projected developed area. JF - Landscape and Urban Planning AU - White, E M AU - Morzillo, A T AU - Alig, R J AD - USDA Forest Service, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States, emwhite@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2009/01/30/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Jan 30 SP - 37 EP - 48 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 89 IS - 1-2 SN - 0169-2046, 0169-2046 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - USA, South Central Region KW - Housing KW - Population growth KW - Population dynamics KW - IS, Pacific KW - Migration KW - Models KW - North America, Rocky Mts. KW - Urban planning KW - Mountains KW - population growth KW - sensitivity analysis KW - Economics KW - plains KW - Coasts KW - census KW - migration KW - Inventories KW - Data processing KW - Landscape KW - Land use KW - USA KW - Coastal zone KW - USA, Great Plains KW - open spaces KW - Census KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20262793?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Landscape+and+Urban+Planning&rft.atitle=Past+and+projected+rural+land+conversion+in+the+US+at+state%2C+regional%2C+and+national+levels&rft.au=White%2C+E+M%3BMorzillo%2C+A+T%3BAlig%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2009-01-30&rft.volume=89&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=37&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Landscape+and+Urban+Planning&rft.issn=01692046&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.landurbplan.2008.09.004 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Inventories; Data processing; Housing; Population growth; Economics; Census; Migration; Models; Coasts; census; migration; Landscape; Population dynamics; Land use; Mountains; Urban planning; Coastal zone; open spaces; sensitivity analysis; population growth; plains; USA, South Central Region; North America, Rocky Mts.; USA; USA, Great Plains; IS, Pacific DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2008.09.004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Total and percent atropisomers of gossypol and gossypol-6-methyl ether in seeds from pima cottons and accessions of Gossypium barbadense L. AN - 66838923; 19113939 AB - Gossypol occurs naturally in the seed, foliage, and roots of the cotton plant ( Gossypium ) as atropisomers due to restricted rotation around the binaphthyl bond. The atropisomers differ in their biological activities. (-)-(R)-Gossypol is more toxic and exhibits significantly greater anticancer activity than the (+)-(S)-atropisomer. Most commercial Upland ( Gossypium hirsutum ) cottonseeds have an (R)- to (S)-gossypol ratio of approximately 2:3, but some Pima ( Gossypium barbadense ) seeds have an excess of (R)-gossypol. There is no known source of cottonseed with an (R)- to (S)-gossypol ratio of greater than approximately 70:30. Cottonseed with a high percentage of (R)-gossypol would be of value to the pharmaceutical industry. It was theorized that G. barbadense cotton might be a source of this desirable high (R)-gossypol seed trait. There are 671 different accessions of G. barbadense in the U.S. Cotton Germplasm Collection, few of which had been characterized with respect to their (R)- to (S)-gossypol ratio. This work completed that analysis and found considerable variation in the atropisomer ratio. Approximately half of the accessions have an excess of (R)-gossypol, and 52 accessions have essentially a 1:1 ratio. The highest percentage of (R)-gossypol was found in accessions GB26 (68.2%) and GB283 (67.3%). Surprisingly, five accessions had 5% or less of (R)-gossypol: GB516 (5.0%), GB761 (4.5%), GB577 (4.3%), GB719 (3.7%), and GB476 (2.3%). These accessions may be useful in a breeding program to reduce (R)-gossypol in Pima seed, which is a concern to the dairy industry because of the toxicity and male antifertility activity of this atropisomer. Also, GB710 was devoid of gossypol. JF - Journal of agricultural and food chemistry AU - Stipanovic, Robert D AU - Puckhaber, Lorraine S AU - Liu, Jinggao AU - Bell, Alois A AD - Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, College Station, Texas 77845, USA. rdstip@cpru.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/01/28/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Jan 28 SP - 566 EP - 571 VL - 57 IS - 2 KW - Gossypol KW - KAV15B369O KW - Index Medicus KW - Genotype KW - Crosses, Genetic KW - Seeds -- chemistry KW - Gossypium -- genetics KW - Seeds -- genetics KW - Gossypol -- chemistry KW - Gossypium -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66838923?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+agricultural+and+food+chemistry&rft.atitle=Total+and+percent+atropisomers+of+gossypol+and+gossypol-6-methyl+ether+in+seeds+from+pima+cottons+and+accessions+of+Gossypium+barbadense+L.&rft.au=Stipanovic%2C+Robert+D%3BPuckhaber%2C+Lorraine+S%3BLiu%2C+Jinggao%3BBell%2C+Alois+A&rft.aulast=Stipanovic&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2009-01-28&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=566&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+agricultural+and+food+chemistry&rft.issn=1520-5118&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fjf802756e LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-02-13 N1 - Date created - 2009-01-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf802756e ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bioactivity-guided fractionation and GC/MS fingerprinting of Angelica sinensis and Angelica archangelica root components for antifungal and mosquito deterrent activity. AN - 66837178; 19113871 AB - Bioassay-guided fractionation of the chloroform extract from the roots of Angelica sinensis led to isolation and characterization of (Z)-ligustilide using direct-bioautography with Colletotrichum species. The structure of (Z)-ligustilide was confirmed by (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopy and GC/MS. (Z)-Ligustilide deterred the biting of two mosquito species more effectively than DEET. Three different A. sinensis accessions and one Angelica archangelica root oil were evauated by GC and GC/MS, and the dominant component in A. sinensis was 61-69% (Z)-ligustilide. Two other prominent compounds in A. sinensis oils were 5.7-9.8% (E)-3-butylidene phthalide and 1.5-2.3% (Z)-3-butylidene phthalide. The main constituents that comprised A. archangelica oil were monoterpene hydrocarbons such as 24.5% alpha-pinene, 13.8% delta-3-carene, 10.1% beta-phellandrene, 8.8% p-cymene, 8.4% limonene, and 6.3% sabinene. Phthalides and monoterpene hydrocarbons were determined to be good systematic markers or chemical fingerprints for A. sinensis and A. archangelica root oils. Chemical fingerprinting by GC/MS of A. sinensis also confirmed the misidentification of one A. archangelica sample sold in the Chinese market. JF - Journal of agricultural and food chemistry AU - Wedge, David E AU - Klun, Jerome A AU - Tabanca, Nurhayat AU - Demirci, Betul AU - Ozek, Temel AU - Baser, Kemal Husnu Can AU - Liu, Zhijun AU - Zhang, Sui AU - Cantrell, Charles L AU - Zhang, Jian AD - USDA-ARS-NPURU, University of Mississippi, University, 38677, USA. dwedge@olemiss.edu Y1 - 2009/01/28/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Jan 28 SP - 464 EP - 470 VL - 57 IS - 2 KW - Antifungal Agents KW - 0 KW - Drugs, Chinese Herbal KW - Insect Repellents KW - ligustilide KW - 4431-01-0 KW - 4-Butyrolactone KW - OL659KIY4X KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Chemical Fractionation KW - Colletotrichum -- drug effects KW - 4-Butyrolactone -- isolation & purification KW - Drugs, Chinese Herbal -- isolation & purification KW - Feeding Behavior KW - Drugs, Chinese Herbal -- pharmacology KW - Drugs, Chinese Herbal -- chemistry KW - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry KW - 4-Butyrolactone -- pharmacology KW - Male KW - 4-Butyrolactone -- chemistry KW - Female KW - 4-Butyrolactone -- analogs & derivatives KW - Insect Bites and Stings -- drug therapy KW - Antifungal Agents -- pharmacology KW - Angelica -- chemistry KW - Antifungal Agents -- chemistry KW - Insect Repellents -- chemistry KW - Culicidae -- physiology KW - Plant Roots -- chemistry KW - Antifungal Agents -- isolation & purification KW - Insect Repellents -- pharmacology KW - Culicidae -- drug effects KW - Insect Repellents -- isolation & purification UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66837178?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+agricultural+and+food+chemistry&rft.atitle=Bioactivity-guided+fractionation+and+GC%2FMS+fingerprinting+of+Angelica+sinensis+and+Angelica+archangelica+root+components+for+antifungal+and+mosquito+deterrent+activity.&rft.au=Wedge%2C+David+E%3BKlun%2C+Jerome+A%3BTabanca%2C+Nurhayat%3BDemirci%2C+Betul%3BOzek%2C+Temel%3BBaser%2C+Kemal+Husnu+Can%3BLiu%2C+Zhijun%3BZhang%2C+Sui%3BCantrell%2C+Charles+L%3BZhang%2C+Jian&rft.aulast=Wedge&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2009-01-28&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=464&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+agricultural+and+food+chemistry&rft.issn=1520-5118&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fjf802820d LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-02-13 N1 - Date created - 2009-01-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf802820d ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Repellency of an over-the-counter essential oil product in China against workers of red imported fire ants. AN - 66836087; 19123820 AB - Repellency of an over-the-counter essential oil product from China, and its major components against workers of red imported fire ants, Solenopsis invicta Buren, was evaluated using an ant digging bioassay. Three concentrations (1.0, 10.0, and 100.0 mg/kg in sand) of the product were tested. At 100.0 mg/kg, the digging suppress index (DSI) was 1.0 +/- 0.00 (mean +/- SE) for all six test colonies, indicating this product produced a complete digging suppression; at 10 mg/kg, DSI was 0.22 +/- 0.089 to 0.75 +/- 0.12 and significant repellency occurred against five of six colonies; and at 1.0 mg/kg, DSI was 0.21 +/- 0.091 to 0.38 +/- 0.14 and significant repellency occurred against four of six colonies. The chemical components of this product were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Camphor, eucalyptol, eugenol, menthol, methyl salicylate, and phenylethanol were identified. A digging bioassay was also conducted on each of those identified compounds at concentrations of 1.0, 10.0, and 100.0 mg/kg. Based on pooled data from three colonies, each component significantly suppressed the digging behavior at 100 mg/kg. Eugenol, menthol, and methyl salicylate significantly suppressed the digging at 10 mg/kg. At 1.0 and 10.0 mg/kg, DSI for eucalyptol was -0.039 +/- 0.032 and -0.050 +/- 0.021, respectively. The negative DSI indicated a digging facilitation. However, only at 10.0 mg/kg, was such facilitation statistically significant. JF - Journal of agricultural and food chemistry AU - Chen, Jian AD - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Stoneville, Mississippi 38776, USA. jian.chen@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/01/28/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Jan 28 SP - 618 EP - 622 VL - 57 IS - 2 KW - Insect Repellents KW - 0 KW - Oils, Volatile KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Male KW - China KW - Insect Control KW - Oils, Volatile -- pharmacology KW - Oils, Volatile -- chemistry KW - Ants -- physiology KW - Ants -- drug effects KW - Insect Repellents -- chemistry KW - Insect Repellents -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66836087?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+agricultural+and+food+chemistry&rft.atitle=Repellency+of+an+over-the-counter+essential+oil+product+in+China+against+workers+of+red+imported+fire+ants.&rft.au=Chen%2C+Jian&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Jian&rft.date=2009-01-28&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=618&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+agricultural+and+food+chemistry&rft.issn=1520-5118&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fjf8028072 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-02-13 N1 - Date created - 2009-01-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf8028072 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial characterization of nitrification in a shallow, nitrogen-contaminated aquifer, Cape Cod, Massachusetts and detection of a novel cluster associated with nitrifying Betaproteobacteria; Microbial characterization of nitrification in a shallow, nitrogen-contaminated aquifer, Cape Cod, Massachusetts and detection of a novel cluster associated with nitrifying Betaproteobacteria AN - 20247928; 8874396 AB - Groundwater nitrification is a poorly characterized process affecting the speciation and transport of nitrogen. Cores from two sites in a plume of contamination were examined using culture-based and molecular techniques targeting nitrification processes. The first site, located beneath a sewage effluent infiltration bed, received treated effluent containing O sub(2) (>300 ?M) and NH sub(4) super(+) (51-800 ?M). The second site was 2.5 km down-gradient near the leading edge of the ammonium zone within the contaminant plume and featured vertical gradients of O sub(2), NH sub(4) super(+), and NO sub(3) super(-) (0-300, 0-500, and 100-200 ?M with depth, respectively). Ammonia- and nitrite-oxidizers enumerated by the culture-based MPN method were low in abundance at both sites (1.8 to 350 g super(-) super(1) and 33 to 35,000 g super(-) super(1), respectively). Potential nitrifying activity measured in core material in the laboratory was also very low, requiring several weeks for products to accumulate. Molecular analysis of aquifer DNA (nested PCR followed by cloning and 16S rDNA sequencing) detected primarily sequences associated with the Nitrosospira genus throughout the cores at the down-gradient site and a smaller proportion from the Nitrosomonas genus in the deeper anoxic, NH sub(4) super(+) zone at the down-gradient site. Only a single Nitrosospira sequence was detected beneath the infiltration bed. Furthermore, the majority of Nitrosospira-associated sequences represent an unrecognized cluster. We conclude that an uncharacterized group associated with Nitrosospira dominate at the geochemically stable, down-gradient site, but found little evidence for Betaproteobacteria nitrifiers beneath the infiltration beds where geochemical conditions were more variable. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Miller, D N AU - Smith, R L AD - 3215 Marine Street, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States, dan.miller@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/01/26/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Jan 26 SP - 182 EP - 193 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 103 IS - 3-4 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Abundance KW - Nitrification KW - Nitrosomonas KW - USA, Massachusetts, Cape Cod KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20247928?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Microbial+characterization+of+nitrification+in+a+shallow%2C+nitrogen-contaminated+aquifer%2C+Cape+Cod%2C+Massachusetts+and+detection+of+a+novel+cluster+associated+with+nitrifying+Betaproteobacteria%3B+Microbial+characterization+of+nitrification+in+a+shallow%2C+nitrogen-contaminated+aquifer%2C+Cape+Cod%2C+Massachusetts+and+detection+of+a+novel+cluster+associated+with+nitrifying+Betaproteobacteria&rft.au=Miller%2C+D+N%3BSmith%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2009-01-26&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=182&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jconhyd.2008.10.011 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nitrification; Nitrosomonas; USA, Massachusetts, Cape Cod DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2008.10.011 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Conversion and recovery of Puerto Rican mangroves: 200 years of change AN - 19572484; 8835646 AB - Human activities have dramatically reduced the world's area of mangroves just as the ecological services they provide are becoming widely recognized. Improving the conservation tools available to restore lost mangroves would benefit from a better understanding of how human activities influence the conservation of these ecosystems. We took advantage of historical information and long-term landscape analyses to relate land use change with the area of mangroves in Puerto Rico. We found that mangroves experienced dramatic changes over the last 200 years, and four distinct eras of change were visible. During the agricultural era (1800-1940) the area of mangroves declined 45%. As the economy changed to industrial in the late 1940s the area of mangrove increase due to reduced land use pressure on the wetlands. Nevertheless, urban expansion between 1960s and 1970s produced another decline. Public concern for mangrove conservation resulted in the legal protection of all the mangroves in 1972, and since then their area has expanded. We found that past human activity altered the original proportion of mangrove species. The number and size of mangrove-forest fragments was impacted by land use, and urban areas had fewer and smaller fragments than vegetated areas. Uncontrolled expansion of urban areas emerged as a major threat to mangrove conservation. Mangroves are resilient and recover quickly when given an opportunity if the geomorphological and hydrological features of the habitat are not changed by their use. The key to conservation appears to be a combination of the type of human activity in mangrove watersheds combined with strong legal protection. The following steps are recommended: (1) identify the areas that satisfy the ecological requirements of mangrove development; (2) incorporate better zoning regulations to maintain these areas natural and to protect the fluxes of water, nutrients, and organisms in and out of the system; and (3) monitor results. JF - Forest Ecology and Management AU - Martinuzzi, S AU - Gould, WA AU - Lugo, A E AU - Medina, E AD - United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Calle Ceiba 1201, Jardin Botanico Sur, Rio Piedras, PR 00926-1119, USA, smartinuzzi@vandals.uidaho.edu Y1 - 2009/01/20/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Jan 20 SP - 75 EP - 84 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 257 IS - 1 SN - 0378-1127, 0378-1127 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Forest management KW - Landscape KW - Nutrients KW - Watersheds KW - Habitat KW - Land use KW - Conservation KW - Wetlands KW - Mangroves KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19572484?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forest+Ecology+and+Management&rft.atitle=Conversion+and+recovery+of+Puerto+Rican+mangroves%3A+200+years+of+change&rft.au=Martinuzzi%2C+S%3BGould%2C+WA%3BLugo%2C+A+E%3BMedina%2C+E&rft.aulast=Martinuzzi&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2009-01-20&rft.volume=257&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Forest+Ecology+and+Management&rft.issn=03781127&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.foreco.2008.08.037 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mangroves; Conservation; Land use; Wetlands; Forest management; Habitat; Watersheds; Nutrients; Landscape DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2008.08.037 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Patterns of exotic plant invasions in Pennsylvania's Allegheny National Forest using intensive Forest Inventory and Analysis plots AN - 19571485; 8835665 AB - Intensive Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) plot data collected in the Allegheny National Forest (ANF), Pennsylvania, between 1999 and 2006 were evaluated for their ability to predict ANF's vulnerability to invasion by exotic plants. A total of 26 variables classified by biotic, abiotic, or disturbance characteristics were examined. Likelihood of colonization by invasive exotic and non-invasive exotic plants was analyzed using a logistic regression model. Approximately, 11% of the 449 species documented in these plots were exotic, which is higher than has been found in other northeastern forested plots. Only 1% of the ANF flora was invasive exotic plants and these were at low abundance, confirming that most invasions are still at an early stage of establishment. Sites richer in native or non-invasive exotic plants and with more alkaline soils were more likely to be invaded. Younger forests, forests with non-forest patches present, and forests rich in native species were more likely to be colonized by exotic (invasive or non-invasive) plants. Frangula alnus, which is starting to spread locally, differed from the other invasive exotic species in terms of its association with high sapling density to tree density ratios, high soil nitrogen levels, and the presence of fire. Variables representing mortality due to beech bark disease and distance to the nearest exotic planting manifested counterintuitive results. In both cases, the combined occurrence of mortality due to beech bark disease or a close (less than 500m away) known propagule source and the presence of an invasive or non-invasive exotic plant was rare. We encourage increased use of intensive sampling for FIA in the U.S.A. and similar monitoring programs in other countries, but suggest adding a step to the plot selection phase that would allow forest-wide or regional stratified sampling of typically coarse-scale variables, such as historic or predicted defoliation or fire events, and forest or land type. A more accurate picture of the importance of disturbance variables in defining forest vulnerability to plant invasion may be achieved. JF - Forest Ecology and Management AU - Huebner, C D AU - Morin, R S AU - Zurbriggen, A AU - White, R L AU - Moore, A AU - Twardus, D AD - USDA Forest Service, Morgantown, WV 26505, United States, chuebner@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2009/01/20/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Jan 20 SP - 258 EP - 270 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 257 IS - 1 SN - 0378-1127, 0378-1127 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Soils (alkaline) KW - Fires KW - Inventories KW - Mortality KW - Beech bark disease KW - Forests KW - Alnus KW - Soil KW - Invasions KW - Sampling KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19571485?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forest+Ecology+and+Management&rft.atitle=Patterns+of+exotic+plant+invasions+in+Pennsylvania%27s+Allegheny+National+Forest+using+intensive+Forest+Inventory+and+Analysis+plots&rft.au=Huebner%2C+C+D%3BMorin%2C+R+S%3BZurbriggen%2C+A%3BWhite%2C+R+L%3BMoore%2C+A%3BTwardus%2C+D&rft.aulast=Huebner&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2009-01-20&rft.volume=257&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=258&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Forest+Ecology+and+Management&rft.issn=03781127&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.foreco.2008.08.036 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alnus; Invasions; Sampling; Mortality; Beech bark disease; Forests; Inventories; Fires; Soil; Soils (alkaline) DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2008.08.036 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The selective Dectin-1 agonist, curdlan, induces an oxidative burst response in chicken heterophils and peripheral blood mononuclear cells AN - 20249658; 8871794 AB - A critical component of host innate immunity is recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Dectin-1 is the primary PRR for exogenous b-glucan, a component of fungal and bacterial cell walls. A previous study conducted in our laboratory demonstrated that administration of b-glucan as a feed additive resulted in increased innate immune function of neonatal chickens, suggesting that chickens possess a Dectin-1-like b-glucan receptor. In the present study, we demonstrated that heterophils and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from day-old chicks had a significant increase in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) following stimulation with the Dectin-1 specific agonist, curdlan. Pretreatment of heterophils and PBMCs with laminarin, a b-glucan receptor blocking agent and specific inhibitor of Dectin-1 activity, significantly reduced the curdlan-induced ROS production. Together these data provide evidence for the first time of the presence of a functional Dectin-1-like b-glucan receptor in chicken heterophils and PBMCs. JF - Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology AU - Nerren, J R AU - Kogut, M H AD - Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, 2881 F&B Road, College Station, TX 77845, USA, jessica.nerren@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/01/15/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Jan 15 SP - 162 EP - 166 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 127 IS - 1-2 SN - 0165-2427, 0165-2427 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Immunology Abstracts KW - Data processing KW - Receptor mechanisms KW - heterophils KW - Immunity KW - Pattern recognition KW - Peripheral blood mononuclear cells KW - Reactive oxygen species KW - Neonates KW - Immune response KW - b-Glucan KW - laminarin KW - Cell walls KW - K 03410:Animal Diseases KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology KW - J 02350:Immunology KW - F 06910:Microorganisms & Parasites UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20249658?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Veterinary+Immunology+and+Immunopathology&rft.atitle=The+selective+Dectin-1+agonist%2C+curdlan%2C+induces+an+oxidative+burst+response+in+chicken+heterophils+and+peripheral+blood+mononuclear+cells&rft.au=Nerren%2C+J+R%3BKogut%2C+M+H&rft.aulast=Nerren&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-01-15&rft.volume=127&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=162&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Veterinary+Immunology+and+Immunopathology&rft.issn=01652427&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.vetimm.2008.09.011 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pattern recognition; Peripheral blood mononuclear cells; Data processing; Receptor mechanisms; Reactive oxygen species; heterophils; Immunity; Immune response; Neonates; laminarin; b-Glucan; Cell walls DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetimm.2008.09.011 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Aquatic Species Passage - What Can DOT's Do and How? T2 - 88th Annual Meeting of the Transpotations Research Board AN - 41794945; 5037928 JF - 88th Annual Meeting of the Transpotations Research Board AU - Schmid, David AU - Anderson, Paul Y1 - 2009/01/11/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Jan 11 KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41794945?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=88th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Transpotations+Research+Board&rft.atitle=Aquatic+Species+Passage+-+What+Can+DOT%27s+Do+and+How%3F&rft.au=Schmid%2C+David%3BAnderson%2C+Paul&rft.aulast=Schmid&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2009-01-11&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=88th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Transpotations+Research+Board&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.trb.org/meeting/2009/PDFs/TRBAM09.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Environmental Benefits from a Roadmap T2 - 88th Annual Meeting of the Transpotations Research Board AN - 41771500; 5036334 JF - 88th Annual Meeting of the Transpotations Research Board AU - Burns, Joseph Y1 - 2009/01/11/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Jan 11 KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41771500?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=88th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Transpotations+Research+Board&rft.atitle=Environmental+Benefits+from+a+Roadmap&rft.au=Burns%2C+Joseph&rft.aulast=Burns&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.date=2009-01-11&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=88th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Transpotations+Research+Board&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.trb.org/meeting/2009/PDFs/TRBAM09.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Better Integration of Environmental Management Systems T2 - 88th Annual Meeting of the Transpotations Research Board AN - 41756918; 5036163 JF - 88th Annual Meeting of the Transpotations Research Board AU - Roland, John Y1 - 2009/01/11/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Jan 11 KW - Environment management KW - Integration KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41756918?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=88th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Transpotations+Research+Board&rft.atitle=Better+Integration+of+Environmental+Management+Systems&rft.au=Roland%2C+John&rft.aulast=Roland&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2009-01-11&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=88th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Transpotations+Research+Board&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.trb.org/meeting/2009/PDFs/TRBAM09.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - A GOES-Based Drought Product Using Thermal Remote Sensing of Evapotranspiration T2 - 23rd Conference on Hydrology AN - 41713953; 5005127 JF - 23rd Conference on Hydrology AU - Anderson, Martha AU - Kustas, W AU - Mecikalski, J AU - Hain, C Y1 - 2009/01/11/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Jan 11 KW - Remote sensing KW - Droughts KW - Evapotranspiration KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41713953?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=23rd+Conference+on+Hydrology&rft.atitle=A+GOES-Based+Drought+Product+Using+Thermal+Remote+Sensing+of+Evapotranspiration&rft.au=Anderson%2C+Martha%3BKustas%2C+W%3BMecikalski%2C+J%3BHain%2C+C&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=Martha&rft.date=2009-01-11&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=23rd+Conference+on+Hydrology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/89annual/techprogram/programexpanded_512.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - A New Data Assimilation Framework for Enhancing Hydrologic Predictions Using Remotely-Sensed Surface Soil Moisture Retrievals T2 - 23rd Conference on Hydrology AN - 41710917; 5005207 JF - 23rd Conference on Hydrology AU - Crow, Wade AU - Ryu, D Y1 - 2009/01/11/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Jan 11 KW - Data collection KW - Soil moisture KW - Data processing KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41710917?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=23rd+Conference+on+Hydrology&rft.atitle=A+New+Data+Assimilation+Framework+for+Enhancing+Hydrologic+Predictions+Using+Remotely-Sensed+Surface+Soil+Moisture+Retrievals&rft.au=Crow%2C+Wade%3BRyu%2C+D&rft.aulast=Crow&rft.aufirst=Wade&rft.date=2009-01-11&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=23rd+Conference+on+Hydrology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/89annual/techprogram/programexpanded_512.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Tree-cover influences on below-canopy air temperatures in Baltimore, MD T2 - Eighth Symposium on the Urban Environment AN - 41702169; 5006161 JF - Eighth Symposium on the Urban Environment AU - Heisler, Gordon AU - Nowak, D AU - Yesilonis, I AU - Pouyat, R AU - Lee, A AU - Ellis, A AU - Greenfield, E AU - Grimmond, S Y1 - 2009/01/11/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Jan 11 KW - USA, Maryland, Baltimore KW - Air temperature KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41702169?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Eighth+Symposium+on+the+Urban+Environment&rft.atitle=Tree-cover+influences+on+below-canopy+air+temperatures+in+Baltimore%2C+MD&rft.au=Heisler%2C+Gordon%3BNowak%2C+D%3BYesilonis%2C+I%3BPouyat%2C+R%3BLee%2C+A%3BEllis%2C+A%3BGreenfield%2C+E%3BGrimmond%2C+S&rft.aulast=Heisler&rft.aufirst=Gordon&rft.date=2009-01-11&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eighth+Symposium+on+the+Urban+Environment&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/89annual/techprogram/programexpanded_522.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Estimation of potential evapotranspiration from merged CERES and MODIS observations T2 - 23rd Conference on Hydrology AN - 41702019; 5005123 JF - 23rd Conference on Hydrology AU - Inamdar, Anand AU - French, A Y1 - 2009/01/11/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Jan 11 KW - Evapotranspiration KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41702019?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=23rd+Conference+on+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Estimation+of+potential+evapotranspiration+from+merged+CERES+and+MODIS+observations&rft.au=Inamdar%2C+Anand%3BFrench%2C+A&rft.aulast=Inamdar&rft.aufirst=Anand&rft.date=2009-01-11&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=23rd+Conference+on+Hydrology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/89annual/techprogram/programexpanded_512.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - CUFR tree carbon calculator T2 - Eighth Symposium on the Urban Environment AN - 41700735; 5006165 JF - Eighth Symposium on the Urban Environment AU - Simpson, James AU - McPherson, E Y1 - 2009/01/11/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Jan 11 KW - Trees KW - Carbon KW - Calculators KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41700735?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Eighth+Symposium+on+the+Urban+Environment&rft.atitle=CUFR+tree+carbon+calculator&rft.au=Simpson%2C+James%3BMcPherson%2C+E&rft.aulast=Simpson&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2009-01-11&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eighth+Symposium+on+the+Urban+Environment&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/89annual/techprogram/programexpanded_522.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nitrogen limited biobarriers remove atrazine from contaminated water: laboratory studies. AN - 66727862; 18848368 AB - Atrazine is one of the most frequently used herbicides. This usage coupled with its mobility and recalcitrant nature in deeper soils and aquifers makes it a frequently encountered groundwater contaminant. We formed biobarriers in sand filled columns by coating the sand with soybean oil; after which, we inoculated the barriers with a consortium of atrazine-degrading microorganisms and evaluated the ability of the barriers to remove atrazine from a simulated groundwater containing 1 mg L(-1) atrazine. The soybean oil provided a carbon rich and nitrogen poor substrate to the microbial consortium. Under these nitrogen-limiting conditions it was hypothesized that bacteria capable of using atrazine as a source of nitrogen would remove atrazine from the flowing water. Our hypothesis proved correct and the biobarriers were effective at removing atrazine when the nitrogen content of the influent water was low. Levels of atrazine in the biobarrier effluents declined with time and by the 24th week of the study no detectable atrazine was present (limit of detection<0.005 mg L(-1)). Larger amounts of atrazine were also removed by the biobarriers; when biobarriers were fed 16.3 mg L(-1) atrazine 97% was degraded. When nitrate (5 mg L(-1) N), an alternate source of nitrogen, was added to the influent water the atrazine removal efficiency of the barriers was reduced by almost 60%. This result supports the hypothesis that atrazine was degraded as a source of nitrogen. Poisoning of the biobarriers with mercury chloride resulted in an immediate and large increase in the amount of atrazine in the barrier effluents confirming that biological activity and not abiotic factors were responsible for most of the atrazine degradation. The presence of hydroxyatrazine in the barrier effluents indicated that dehalogenation was one of the pathways of atrazine degradation. Permeable barriers might be formed in-situ by the injection of innocuous vegetable oil emulsions into an aquifer or sandy soil and used to remove atrazine from a contaminated groundwater or to protect groundwater from an atrazine spill. JF - Journal of contaminant hydrology AU - Hunter, William J AU - Shaner, Dale L AD - USDA-ARS, 2150-D Centre Avenue, Fort Collins, CO 80526-8119, USA. william.hunter@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/01/07/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Jan 07 SP - 29 EP - 37 VL - 103 IS - 1-2 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - 0 KW - Water KW - 059QF0KO0R KW - Soybean Oil KW - 8001-22-7 KW - Nitrogen KW - N762921K75 KW - Atrazine KW - QJA9M5H4IM KW - Index Medicus KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Bacteria -- metabolism KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- chemistry KW - Water -- chemistry KW - Atrazine -- analysis KW - Atrazine -- metabolism KW - Water Purification KW - Nitrogen -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66727862?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+contaminant+hydrology&rft.atitle=Nitrogen+limited+biobarriers+remove+atrazine+from+contaminated+water%3A+laboratory+studies.&rft.au=Hunter%2C+William+J%3BShaner%2C+Dale+L&rft.aulast=Hunter&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2009-01-07&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+contaminant+hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jconhyd.2008.08.004 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-02-25 N1 - Date created - 2008-12-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2008.08.004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling distributions of flying insects: Effective attraction radius of pheromone in two and three dimensions AN - 19664175; 8851393 AB - The effective attraction radius (EAR) of an attractive pheromone-baited trap was defined as the radius of a passive ''sticky'' sphere that would intercept the same number of flying insects as the attractant. The EAR for a particular attractant and insect species in nature is easily determined by a catch ratio on attractive and passive (unbaited) traps, and the interception area of the passive trap. The spherical EAR can be transformed into a circular EAR sub(c) that is convenient to use in two-dimensional encounter rate models of mass trapping and mating disruption with semiochemicals to control insects. The EAR sub(c) equation requires an estimate of the effective thickness of the layer where the insect flies in search of mates and food/habitat. The standard deviation (SD) of flight height of several insect species was determined from their catches on traps of increasing heights reported in the literature. The thickness of the effective flight layer (F sub(L)) was assumed to be SD.2.p, because the probability area equal to the height of the normal distribution,1/(SD.2.p), times the F sub(L) is equal to the area under the normal curve. To test this assumption, 2000 simulated insects were allowed to fly in a three-dimensional correlated random walk in a 10-m thick layer where an algorithm caused them to redistribute according to a normal distribution with specified SD and mean at the midpoint of this layer. Under the same conditions, a spherical EAR was placed at the center of the 10-m layer and intercepted flying insects distributed normally for a set period. The number caught was equivalent to that caught in another simulation with a uniform flight density in a narrower layer equal to F sub(L), thus verifying the equation to calculate F sub(L). The EAR and F sub(L) were used to obtain a smaller EAR sub(c) for use in a two-dimensional model that caught an equivalent number of insects as that with EAR in three dimensions. This verifies that the F sub(L) estimation equation and EAR to EAR sub(c) conversion methods are appropriate. JF - Journal of Theoretical Biology AU - Byers, JA AD - USDA-ARS, 21881 North Cardon Lane, Maricopa, AZ 85238, USA, John.byers@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/01/07/ PY - 2009 DA - 2009 Jan 07 SP - 81 EP - 89 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 256 IS - 1 SN - 0022-5193, 0022-5193 KW - Animal Behavior Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Chemoreception Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - Mathematical models KW - Food KW - Algorithms KW - Ear KW - Attractants KW - Habitat KW - Trapping KW - Flight KW - Mating disruption KW - Standard deviation KW - Pheromones KW - Semiochemicals KW - R 18050:Chemoreception correlates of behavior KW - Y 25040:Behavioral Ecology KW - Z 05340:Ecology and Behavior KW - D 04030:Models, Methods, Remote Sensing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19664175?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Theoretical+Biology&rft.atitle=Modeling+distributions+of+flying+insects%3A+Effective+attraction+radius+of+pheromone+in+two+and+three+dimensions&rft.au=Byers%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Byers&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.date=2009-01-07&rft.volume=256&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=81&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Theoretical+Biology&rft.issn=00225193&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jtbi.2008.09.002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mating disruption; Flight; Standard deviation; Mathematical models; Pheromones; Semiochemicals; Food; Algorithms; Ear; Attractants; Habitat; Trapping DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2008.09.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular geometry-dependent atomic charge calculation with modified charge equilibration method AN - 954633215; 14345166 AB - We have improved a modified charge equilibration (MQEq) method for calculating the geometry-dependent distribution of atomic charges. In this paper, Ohno-Klopman, Ohno and DasGupta-Huzinaga equations are adopted to express the shielding effect, and the calculated atomic charges with these MQEq methods are in good agreement with those by the HF/6-31G(d,p) calculations for several organic molecules. These MQEq methods would be useful to estimate the charge distribution for large molecules. JF - Chem-Bio Informatics Journal AU - Aoki, Kozo AU - Tanaka, Shigenori AU - Nakano, Tatsuya AD - Collaborative Research Center of Frontier Simulation Software for Industrial Science (FSIS), the University of Tokyo Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 30 EP - 40 PB - Chem-Bio Informatics Society, IIDA Bldg. Room 301 Toxkyo 158-0097 Japan VL - 9 SN - 1347-0442, 1347-0442 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - charge equilibration method KW - QEq KW - atomic charge KW - Ohno-Klopman equation KW - Mathematical models KW - Informatics KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/954633215?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chem-Bio+Informatics+Journal&rft.atitle=Molecular+geometry-dependent+atomic+charge+calculation+with+modified+charge+equilibration+method&rft.au=Aoki%2C+Kozo%3BTanaka%2C+Shigenori%3BNakano%2C+Tatsuya&rft.aulast=Aoki&rft.aufirst=Kozo&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=&rft.spage=30&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chem-Bio+Informatics+Journal&rft.issn=13470442&rft_id=info:doi/10.1273%2Fcbij.9.30 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mathematical models; Informatics DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1273/cbij.9.30 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Airborne Endotoxin from Indoor and Outdoor Environments: Effect of Sample Dilution on the Kinetic Limulus Amebocyte Lysate (LAL) Assay AN - 888102506; 15026912 AB - Airborne endotoxins in occupational environments are a potential respiratory hazard to individuals. In this study, airborne endotoxins were collected using open-face and button aerosol samplers from inside animal housing units and downwind from agricultural production sites and a wastewater treatment plant. Filter extracts were then diluted to examine the effect of interfering substances on the kinetic Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) assay. In most cases, the overall endotoxin concentration was shown to decrease with increasing dilution up to 1000-fold, suggesting the presence of enhancing substances in the filter extracts. This dilution-dependent effect was most prominent in the open-face endotoxin samples, while button samples displayed little effect. Using a joinpoint regression model, it was determined that a dilution factor of 50 to 100 was generally sufficient to eliminate the presence of enhancing substances. After screening the data for dilution dependent effects, the airborne endotoxin concentrations were determined. The highest endotoxin concentrations, ranging from 2841 to 49,066 endotoxin units m-3 of air, were found inside swine farrowing and finishing barns. Airborne endotoxin concentrations were 10- to 100-fold lower inside a dairy barn and downwind of other agricultural production sites and the wastewater treatment plant. Examination of dilution-dependent effects should be considered essential when utilizing the LAL assay, especially if values are to be used for regulatory purposes. JF - Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene AU - Dungan, Robert S AD - USDA-Agricultural Research Service (ARS), Northwest Irrigation and Soils Research Laboratory, Kimberly, Idaho Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 PB - Taylor & Francis Group Ltd., 2 Park Square Oxford OX14 4RN UK VL - 6 IS - 9 SN - 1545-9624, 1545-9624 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Environment Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Amebocytes KW - Endotoxins KW - Aerosols KW - Data processing KW - Housing KW - Agricultural production KW - airborne microorganisms KW - Samplers KW - Wastewater treatment KW - Models KW - Filters KW - Dairies KW - Kinetics KW - Air sampling KW - Regression analysis KW - Wind KW - Environmental hygiene KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/888102506?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Occupational+and+Environmental+Hygiene&rft.atitle=Airborne+Endotoxin+from+Indoor+and+Outdoor+Environments%3A+Effect+of+Sample+Dilution+on+the+Kinetic+Limulus+Amebocyte+Lysate+%28LAL%29+Assay&rft.au=Dungan%2C+Robert+S&rft.aulast=Dungan&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Occupational+and+Environmental+Hygiene&rft.issn=15459624&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F15459624.2011.555256 L2 - http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/content~db=all~content=a933892380~frm=titlelink LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Endotoxins; Amebocytes; Aerosols; Data processing; Housing; Wastewater treatment; Samplers; Models; Filters; Dairies; Kinetics; Regression analysis; Environmental hygiene; Agricultural production; Air sampling; airborne microorganisms; Wind DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15459624.2011.555256 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Comparison of Inter- and Intraspecific Interference on Broom Snakeweed (Gutierrezia sarothrae) Seedling Growth AN - 869582429; 14135362 AB - Broom snakeweed (snakeweed) is a native range shrub found throughout semiarid rangelands of the western United States, which increases and dominates plant communities after disturbances such as overgrazing, drought, or wildfire. The objective of this study was to compare the ability of selected grass species and prostrate kochia to restrict establishment and growth of snakeweed seedlings in potted-plant and replicated field studies within two sagebrush ecological sites. In the potted-plant studies, single snakeweed seedlings were grown with seedlings (seedling neighbor study) and established plants (established neighbor study) of three cool-season grasses (crested, pubescent, and bluebunch wheatgrass), prostrate kochia, and snakeweed at increasing densities (1, 3, 5 plants/pot). Interference from crested wheatgrass in the seedling neighbor study, and both crested and bluebunch wheatgrass in the established neighbor study, induced the greatest mortality of snakeweed seedlings, and snakeweed growth was suppressed more by interspecific (grass) than intraspecific (snakeweed) neighbors in both potted-plant studies. Snakeweed establishment was also evaluated at two field sites: Howell and Nephi, UT. Snakeweed and downy brome were controlled by picloram (0.25 kg ae/ha) and glyphosate (1.5 kg ae/ha), then three native and three introduced grasses were drill-seeded, and prostrate kochia was dribble-seeded in replicated plots (3 m by 15 m) at both sites in October 2003. Snakeweed seedlings were transplanted into seeded plots and a bare ground control plot in autumn 2004. Snakeweed mortality was greatest (73%) in crested wheatgrass plots at Howell, but there were few differences among species treatments at Nephi. Of the snakeweed seedlings that survived, there was relatively little growth in any of the seeded plots compared to those in the bare ground control plots. These results indicate that seeded cool-season grasses interfered with and reduced establishment of snakeweed seedlings. JF - Invasive Plant Science and Management AU - Thacker, Eric AU - Ralphs, Michael H AU - Monaco, Thomas A AD - *Rangeland Technician and Rangeland Scientist, USDA/ARS Poisonous Plant Lab, Logan, UT 84341; Ecologist, USDA/ARS Forage and Range Lab, Logan, UT 84322. Current address of first author: Graduate Research Assistant, Wildland Resources Department, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322. Corresponding author's Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 36 EP - 44 PB - Weed Science Society of America, 810 East 10th St. Lawrence KS 66044 USA VL - 2 IS - 1 SN - 1939-7291, 1939-7291 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Shrubs KW - Mortality KW - Gutierrezia sarothrae KW - Grasses KW - Rangelands KW - Wildfire KW - Kochia KW - Plant communities KW - Seedlings KW - picloram KW - Droughts KW - Glyphosate KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/869582429?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Invasive+Plant+Science+and+Management&rft.atitle=A+Comparison+of+Inter-+and+Intraspecific+Interference+on+Broom+Snakeweed+%28Gutierrezia+sarothrae%29+Seedling+Growth&rft.au=Thacker%2C+Eric%3BRalphs%2C+Michael+H%3BMonaco%2C+Thomas+A&rft.aulast=Thacker&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=36&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Invasive+Plant+Science+and+Management&rft.issn=19397291&rft_id=info:doi/10.1614%2FIPSM-08-099.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - Last updated - 2013-10-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Shrubs; Rangelands; Mortality; Wildfire; Grasses; Plant communities; Seedlings; picloram; Droughts; Glyphosate; Kochia; Gutierrezia sarothrae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/IPSM-08-099.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Response of Broom Snakeweed (Gutierrezia sarothrae) and Cool-Season Grasses to Defoliation AN - 869582395; 14135360 AB - Broom snakeweed is one of the most widespread range weeds in western North America. Although a native plant, it increases with disturbance such as overgrazing, fire, and drought, and can dominate sites. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that defoliation of broom snakeweed alone, and along with associated grasses, would reduce its vigor and increase its mortality in bunchgrass plant communities. The study was conducted at two locations: near Nephi, UT in an invaded crested wheatgrass stand and at Howell, UT in a bluebunch wheatgrass/Wyoming big sagebrush community. Clipping treatments consisted of (1) untreated Control; (2) All Clip--clipping all herbaceous vegetation 2 cm above the soil surface, and current season foliar growth of snakeweed; (3) Grass Clip--clipping all grass and forb plants; (4) Snakeweed Clip--clipping current season foliar growth. Treatments were randomly assigned to 1-m2 plots and clipped in May or late August. Plots were measured and clipped at the respective seasons annually from 2004 to 2007. Defoliation of snakeweed in spring in the Snakeweed Clip treatment caused higher mortality and lower size and vigor of remaining plants than the other treatments at the end of the study. Clipping all vegetation also reduced snakeweed density at Nephi, but not at Howell. There was little regrowth of bluebunch wheatgrass at Howell in the All Clip treatment; thus, it was likely to have not competed with snakeweed regrowth for limited soil moisture. Bluebunch wheatgrass cover declined at Howell in the All and Grass Clip treatments. Crested wheatgrass was not adversely affected by spring defoliation in the All and Grass Clip treatments, and it increased in the Snakeweed Clip treatment. There were few differences in the fall defoliations. Spring defoliation of snakeweed put it at a competitive disadvantage with both intact perennial bunchgrasses and regrowth crested wheatgrass, thus enhancing its mortality. JF - Invasive Plant Science and Management AU - Ralphs, Michael H AD - *Rangeland Scientist, USDA/ARS Poisonous Plant Lab., 1150 E. 1400 N., Logan UT 84341. Corresponding author's Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 28 EP - 35 PB - Weed Science Society of America, 810 East 10th St. Lawrence KS 66044 USA VL - 2 IS - 1 SN - 1939-7291, 1939-7291 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Mortality KW - Fires KW - Weeds KW - Gutierrezia sarothrae KW - Grasses KW - Forbs KW - Vegetation KW - Vigor KW - Plant communities KW - Defoliation KW - Soil moisture KW - Droughts KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/869582395?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Invasive+Plant+Science+and+Management&rft.atitle=Response+of+Broom+Snakeweed+%28Gutierrezia+sarothrae%29+and+Cool-Season+Grasses+to+Defoliation&rft.au=Ralphs%2C+Michael+H&rft.aulast=Ralphs&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=28&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Invasive+Plant+Science+and+Management&rft.issn=19397291&rft_id=info:doi/10.1614%2FIPSM-08-075.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - Last updated - 2013-10-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Weeds; Fires; Mortality; Vigor; Grasses; Forbs; Plant communities; Vegetation; Defoliation; Soil moisture; Droughts; Gutierrezia sarothrae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/IPSM-08-075.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Plant Interspaces Resulting From Contrasting Grazing Management in Northern Mixed-Grass Prairie: Implications for Ecosystem Function AN - 869580548; 14131592 AB - We assessed plant interspaces in July 2007 using continuous line intercepts in twice-replicated pastures of northern mixed-grass prairie with contrasting grazing treatments: 1) long-term (25 yr) heavily grazed, dominated by the bunchgrass blue grama (Bouteloua gracilis), and 2) ungrazed, dominated by the rhizomatous grass western wheatgrass (Pascopyrum smithii). The number of plant interspaces was 26% higher in pastures heavily grazed, but the amount of soil surface occupied by plant interspaces was 27% greater without grazing. Plant interspaces were larger without grazing (14.8 plus or minus 1.2 cm, mean plus or minus 1 SE) than heavily grazed (8.9 plus or minus 0.4 cm). Plant interspaces represented 87% and 68% of the total soil surface in the ungrazed and heavily grazed communities, respectively. The percentage of soil surface covered by plant interspaces <20 cm was higher for the heavily grazed (94%) compared to the ungrazed (79%). Litter cover in the plant interspaces was higher without grazing (80 plus or minus 1%) compared to the heavily grazed (57 plus or minus 3%). Grazing-induced structural changes from a rhizomatous- to a bunchgrass-dominated vegetation community were manifest in the size and distribution of plant interspaces. Ecological consequences for erosion from raindrop impacts in larger plant interspaces in the ungrazed community are likely offset by greater litter cover in these communities; conversely, lower litter cover in heavily grazed pastures may increase erosion potential despite occurrence of smaller plant interspaces and less proportion of the soil surface covered by interspaces. Management practices that increase the cover of litter in plant interspaces should reduce the potential of erosion from water and wind in this semiarid rangeland. JF - Rangeland Ecology & Management AU - Derner, Justin D AU - Whitman, Ashley J Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 83 EP - 88 PB - Society for Range Management VL - 62 IS - 1 SN - 1550-7424, 1550-7424 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Bouteloua gracilis KW - grazing KW - Grasses KW - Pasture KW - Soil KW - Prairies KW - Wind KW - Litter KW - Grazing KW - prairies KW - Vegetation KW - Rangelands KW - Erosion KW - Plants KW - Plant communities KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/869580548?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rangeland+Ecology+%26+Management&rft.atitle=Plant+Interspaces+Resulting+From+Contrasting+Grazing+Management+in+Northern+Mixed-Grass+Prairie%3A+Implications+for+Ecosystem+Function&rft.au=Derner%2C+Justin+D%3BWhitman%2C+Ashley+J&rft.aulast=Derner&rft.aufirst=Justin&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Rangeland+Ecology+%26+Management&rft.issn=15507424&rft_id=info:doi/10.2111%2F08-098 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Rangelands; Prairies; Litter; Grasses; Grazing; Plant communities; Vegetation; Pasture; Wind; Erosion; grazing; prairies; Plants; Bouteloua gracilis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2111/08-098 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Taxonomic Confusion Permits the Unchecked Invasion of Vernal Pools in California by Low Mannagrass (Glyceria declinata) AN - 856775713; 14077530 AB - Chloroplast DNA sequences and recently established morphological characters were used to confirm the widespread invasion of California's vernal pools by European low mannagrass. Morphological similarities between low mannagrass and western mannagrass have led to different taxonomic treatments, depending on the geographical extent of a particular flora. When California's flora was last revised, the two species were combined as western mannagrass, which was then considered to be a native species. Unfortunately, the revised flora was published just as low mannagrass began to rapidly expand its range within the state and, because it was considered to be a native species in the new flora, no actions were initiated to limit the invasion. Our data show that low mannagrass was present at all localities in the Central Valley of California that were investigated, indicating a widespread and undetected invasion. The invasion has led to a degradation of the vernal pool ecosystems, which are the habitat of many federal and state protected endangered and threatened species. JF - Invasive Plant Science and Management AU - Gerlach, John D AU - Bushman, BShaun AU - McKay, John K AU - Meimberg, Harald AD - *First author: Plant ecologist, 3841 Bannister Road, Fair Oaks, CA 95628; second author: Research geneticist, USDA-ARS Forage and Range Research Lab, 695 N 1100 E, Logan, UT 84322; third author: Assistant Professor, Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, Plant Sciences Bldg., University Ave. 307, Fort Collins, CO 80523; fourth author: Senior Scientist, CIBIO, University of Porto, Campus Agrario de Vairao, 4485-661 Vairao, Portugal; Corresponding author's Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 92 EP - 97 PB - Weed Science Society of America, 810 East 10th St. Lawrence KS 66044 USA VL - 2 IS - 1 SN - 1939-7291, 1939-7291 KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Data processing KW - Glyceria declinata KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Chloroplasts KW - Threatened species KW - Rare species KW - Habitat KW - Indigenous species KW - Chloroplast DNA KW - DNA KW - Taxonomy KW - USA, California KW - Introduced species KW - USA, California, Central Valley KW - New species KW - Dispersion KW - Q1 08423:Behaviour KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/856775713?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Invasive+Plant+Science+and+Management&rft.atitle=Taxonomic+Confusion+Permits+the+Unchecked+Invasion+of+Vernal+Pools+in+California+by+Low+Mannagrass+%28Glyceria+declinata%29&rft.au=Gerlach%2C+John+D%3BBushman%2C+BShaun%3BMcKay%2C+John+K%3BMeimberg%2C+Harald&rft.aulast=Gerlach&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=92&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Invasive+Plant+Science+and+Management&rft.issn=19397291&rft_id=info:doi/10.1614%2FIPSM-08-095.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-03-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nucleotide sequence; DNA; Taxonomy; Chloroplasts; Rare species; Threatened species; Introduced species; Dispersion; New species; Indigenous species; Chloroplast DNA; Data processing; Habitat; Glyceria declinata; USA, California; USA, California, Central Valley DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/IPSM-08-095.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cattle Grazing as a Biological Control for Broom Snakeweed: Vegetation Response AN - 856767269; 14073037 AB - Broom snakeweed (Gutierrezia sarothrae [Pursh] Britton & Rusby) increases and dominates rangelands following disturbances, such as overgrazing, fire, and drought. However, if cattle can be forced to graze broom snakeweed, they may be used as a biological tool to control it. Cattle grazed broom snakeweed in May and August 2004-2007. Narrow grazing lanes were fenced to restrict availability of herbaceous forage to force cattle to graze broom snakeweed. They used 50-85% of broom snakeweed biomass. Mature broom snakeweed plant density declined because of prolonged drought, but the decline was greater in grazed lanes. At the end of the study, density of mature plants in grazed lanes was 0.31 plants.m-2, compared with 0.79 plants.m-2 in ungrazed pastures. Spring precipitation in 2005 was 65% above average, and a new crop of seedlings established following the spring grazing trial. Seedling establishment was greater in the spring-grazed lanes in which the soil had been recently disturbed, compared with the ungrazed transects and summer-grazed lanes. The cattle were not able to use the large volume of new broom snakeweed plants in the spring-grazed pasture. They did reduce the number of seedlings and juvenile plants in the summer-grazed pasture. Intense grazing pressure and heavy use did not adversely affect crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum [L.] Gaertn.) cover, and it was actually higher in the summer grazed lanes than the ungrazed control transects. In moderate stands of broom snakeweed, cattle can be forced to graze broom snakeweed and reduce its density without adversely affecting the associated crested wheatgrass stand. JF - Rangeland Ecology & Management AU - Ralphs, Michael H AU - Banks, Jeffery E Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 38 EP - 43 PB - Society for Range Management VL - 62 IS - 1 SN - 1550-7424, 1550-7424 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Ecology Abstracts KW - Biological control KW - Fires KW - Gutierrezia sarothrae KW - Grazing KW - Vegetation KW - Precipitation KW - Biomass KW - Pasture KW - Crops KW - Soil KW - Rangelands KW - Seedlings KW - Pressure KW - Droughts KW - Agropyron cristatum KW - A 01370:Biological Control KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/856767269?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rangeland+Ecology+%26+Management&rft.atitle=Cattle+Grazing+as+a+Biological+Control+for+Broom+Snakeweed%3A+Vegetation+Response&rft.au=Ralphs%2C+Michael+H%3BBanks%2C+Jeffery+E&rft.aulast=Ralphs&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=38&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Rangeland+Ecology+%26+Management&rft.issn=15507424&rft_id=info:doi/10.2111%2F08-047 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological control; Fires; Grazing; Vegetation; Precipitation; Biomass; Pasture; Crops; Soil; Rangelands; Seedlings; Pressure; Droughts; Gutierrezia sarothrae; Agropyron cristatum DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2111/08-047 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vegetation Responses to Prescribed Burning of Grazed Shortgrass Steppe AN - 856765615; 14073219 AB - Over the past century, fire has been widely suppressed in the western Great Plains, in part because of the potential negative effects on forage production for livestock. More recently, interest in the use of prescribed fire in shortgrass steppe has increased because of the potential applications for wildlife management, control of unpalatable plant species, and restoration of historic disturbance regimes. We studied the effects of prescribed burns conducted during late winter on herbaceous production, forage nitrogen content, and plant species composition of shortgrass steppe on the Pawnee National Grassland in northeastern Colorado. Late-winter burns conducted in moderately grazed sites under a wide range of precipitation conditions during 1997-2001 did not negatively affect herbaceous production in either the first or the second postburn growing season. Burning followed by a severe drought in 2002 reduced production by 19% in the second postburn growing season of 2003. Burns temporarily suppressed the abundance of broom snakeweed (Gutierrezia sarothrae) and prickly pear cactus (Opuntia polyacantha) and enhanced forage nitrogen content during May and June of the first postburn growing season. These findings suggest that, except following severe drought, prescribed burns conducted during late winter in grazed shortgrass steppe for objectives unrelated to livestock production can also have neutral or positive consequences for livestock. JF - Rangeland Ecology & Management AU - Augustine, David J AU - Milchunas, Daniel G Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 89 EP - 97 PB - Society for Range Management VL - 62 IS - 1 SN - 1550-7424, 1550-7424 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Burns KW - Fires KW - Wildlife management KW - Gutierrezia sarothrae KW - Abundance KW - Vegetation KW - Precipitation KW - Steppes KW - Livestock KW - Rangelands KW - Grasslands KW - Opuntia polyacantha KW - Species composition KW - Burning KW - Disturbance KW - Droughts KW - Nitrogen KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/856765615?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rangeland+Ecology+%26+Management&rft.atitle=Vegetation+Responses+to+Prescribed+Burning+of+Grazed+Shortgrass+Steppe&rft.au=Augustine%2C+David+J%3BMilchunas%2C+Daniel+G&rft.aulast=Augustine&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=89&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Rangeland+Ecology+%26+Management&rft.issn=15507424&rft_id=info:doi/10.2111%2F08-135 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Burns; Fires; Wildlife management; Abundance; Vegetation; Precipitation; Steppes; Livestock; Grasslands; Rangelands; Species composition; Disturbance; Burning; Droughts; Nitrogen; Gutierrezia sarothrae; Opuntia polyacantha DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2111/08-135 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Contributing areas of gullies rejuvenated following wildfire AN - 855196948; 2011-025077 AB - Accelerated erosion following wildfire may result in gully rejuvenation. In previous work we established a strong spatial association between this severe form of erosion and the magnitude of fire disturbance to vegetation ("burn severity") within a catchment, as measured by dNBR images. First-order and smaller second-order catchments that were more severely burned had a 79 percent probability of gully rejuvenation, compared to a zero probability for catchments in the lowest burn severity class. Here we expand on this work by considering the interacting effects of the size of the contributing area above the gully head (CA), the CA mean hillslope gradient and the degree of fire disturbance within the CA of eroded gullies. CA gradient was inversely correlated with the CA size. Holding gradient constant, area varied inversely with burn severity. Thus, where burn severity values within the CA were low, the size or the slope of the CA increased. In ongoing research we are considering the effects of landform curvature and convergence within the contributing areas of gullies rejuvenated following wildfire in the U.S. Northern Rockies. This work extends the area-gradient relationship established by Montgomery and Dietrich for predicting the position of the gully head in unburned catchments to the post-fire environment, adding two physical morphometric dimensions and a biogeomorphometric component. We also compared the location of the gully heads mapped in the field to the head location derived from calculations made using digital elevation models. The differences reinforce the dynamic nature of the location of where channels start and underscore the role of fire disturbance in controlling gully initiation and channel head location in burned areas. JF - Programme with Abstracts - International Geomorphology Conference AU - Hyde, K AU - Woods, S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 EP - Abstract no. 812 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 7 KW - United States KW - soils KW - Northern Rocky Mountains KW - North America KW - geologic hazards KW - erosion KW - slopes KW - landform evolution KW - channels KW - U. S. Rocky Mountains KW - erosion features KW - vegetation KW - fires KW - quantitative analysis KW - wildfires KW - natural hazards KW - geomorphology KW - gullies KW - Rocky Mountains KW - image analysis KW - 23:Geomorphology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/855196948?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Programme+with+Abstracts+-+International+Geomorphology+Conference&rft.atitle=Contributing+areas+of+gullies+rejuvenated+following+wildfire&rft.au=Hyde%2C+K%3BWoods%2C+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hyde&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Programme+with+Abstracts+-+International+Geomorphology+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 7th international conference on Geomorphology N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #05080 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - channels; erosion; erosion features; fires; geologic hazards; geomorphology; gullies; image analysis; landform evolution; natural hazards; North America; Northern Rocky Mountains; quantitative analysis; Rocky Mountains; slopes; soils; U. S. Rocky Mountains; United States; vegetation; wildfires ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enhancing the Perceived Threat of Vehicle Approach to Deer AN - 851472657; 14074742 AB - In North America and Europe, deer (Cervidae)-vehicle collisions (DVCs) are common and result not only in injury and death to the animals involved, but also human injury and property damage. Given that most DVCs occur during crepuscular periods, we questioned whether the perceived threat to deer posed by vehicle approach could be enhanced. We hypothesized that a vehicle-based lighting system that better complements peak visual capabilities of deer at night relative to standard tungsten-halogen (TH) lighting alone would elicit a greater flight-initiation distance (FID) by free-ranging white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). Our lighting system comprised 2 TH lamps and one Xenarc high-intensity discharge (HID) lamp. We defined an a priori logistic model comprising 4 variables potentially explaining deer FID relative to vehicle approach: 1) starting distance of the approach, 2) lighting treatment, 3) season, and 4) deer group size. Deer exposed to the combination of TH lamps and constant illumination of the HID lamp exhibited a mean (SD) FID of 136 (127) m. In contrast, deer exposed to TH lamps only initiated flight on average at 116 (127) m, and those exposed to the combination of TH lamps and the HID lamp pulsed at 2 Hz exhibited a mean FID of 89 (98) m. We contend that the pulsing of the HID lamp while TH lamps were illuminated resulted in consistent loss (over approx. 0.5-sec intervals) of a portion of the image on approach, possibly interfering with sensory information relative to the position of the potential threat. In contrast, the combination of TH lamps and constant illumination of the HID lamp contributed (P = 0.033) to the probability of a FID greater than or equal to 94 m. We suggest, therefore, that deer FID can be increased by combining currently available TH and HID lamps, or use of HID lamps alone, to enhance detection of an approaching vehicle at night. Also, we encourage research into new lamp designs to better complement deer visual capabilities as well as continued research to quantify deer FID in response to vehicle approach at night and lamp-specific properties that can enhance deer detection of the vehicle. JF - Journal of Wildlife Management AU - Blackwell, Bradley F AU - Seamans, Thomas W AD - United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center, Ohio Field Station, 6100 Columbus Avenue, Sandusky, OH 44870, USA Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 128 EP - 135 PB - Wildlife Society, 5410 Grosvenor Lane Bethesda MD 20814-2197 USA VL - 73 IS - 1 SN - 0022-541X, 0022-541X KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Flight KW - Group size KW - Illumination KW - Injuries KW - Models KW - Wildlife management KW - Odocoileus virginianus KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/851472657?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Wildlife+Management&rft.atitle=Enhancing+the+Perceived+Threat+of+Vehicle+Approach+to+Deer&rft.au=Blackwell%2C+Bradley+F%3BSeamans%2C+Thomas+W&rft.aulast=Blackwell&rft.aufirst=Bradley&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=128&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Wildlife+Management&rft.issn=0022541X&rft_id=info:doi/10.2193%2F2008-014 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Flight; Wildlife management; Group size; Injuries; Illumination; Models; Odocoileus virginianus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2193/2008-014 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Growth and intraspecific competitive abilities of the dioecious Lindera melissifolia (Lauraceae) in varied flooding regimes1 AN - 851469461; 14073468 AB - The contribution of sexual dimorphism to male-biased colony ratios observed in field populations of the federally endangered Lindera melissifolia was investigated. Growth characteristics and intraspecific relative competitive abilities were determined for first-year male and female L. melissifolia plants grown at varied densities and receiving three flooding treatments. In the no-flooding and 30-day-flooding treatments, stem height, stem diameter, and total leaf area for male plants were significantly greater than that of higher density male plantings and of female plants without respect to density. In both male and female plants, stem growth ceased and leaves were abscised in response to flooding. Although density effects in combination with hydrologic regime influenced intersexual competition, male-bias from competitive exclusion was not indicated. Growth characteristics for male plants grown alone suggest potential for greater interspecific competitive abilities than that of female plants. Therefore, male plants may be better adapted for colonizing suitable habitat, thus contributing to male-biased colony ratios observed in naturally occurring populations. JF - Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society AU - Hawkins, Tracy S AU - Schiff, Nathan M AU - Leininger, Theodor D AU - Gardiner, Emile S AU - Devall, Margaret S AU - Hamel, Paul B AU - Wilson, ADan AU - Connor, Kristina F AD - USDA Forest Service, Center for Bottomland Hardwoods Research, P. O. Box 227, Stoneville, MS 38776 Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 91 EP - 101 PB - Torrey Botanical Society VL - 136 IS - 1 SN - 1095-5674, 1095-5674 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Colonies KW - Density KW - Flooding KW - Lauraceae KW - D:04040 KW - SW 0860:Water and plants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/851469461?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Torrey+Botanical+Society&rft.atitle=Growth+and+intraspecific+competitive+abilities+of+the+dioecious+Lindera+melissifolia+%28Lauraceae%29+in+varied+flooding+regimes1&rft.au=Hawkins%2C+Tracy+S%3BSchiff%2C+Nathan+M%3BLeininger%2C+Theodor+D%3BGardiner%2C+Emile+S%3BDevall%2C+Margaret+S%3BHamel%2C+Paul+B%3BWilson%2C+ADan%3BConnor%2C+Kristina+F&rft.aulast=Hawkins&rft.aufirst=Tracy&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=136&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=91&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Torrey+Botanical+Society&rft.issn=10955674&rft_id=info:doi/10.3159%2F08-RA-049R1.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Flooding; Density; Lauraceae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3159/08-RA-049R1.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Augmentative Restoration: Repairing Damaged Ecological Processes During Restoration of Heterogeneous Environments AN - 851461938; 14077527 AB - Heterogeneity in disturbance regimes, propagule pools, and factors affecting plant performance are a ubiquitous feature of wildlands. We tested a conceptual framework, termed augmentative restoration, aimed at identifying and selectively repairing or replacing damaged processes based on their predicted influence on the three causes of succession: site availability, species availability, and species performance. This framework was tested at three sites each with a different cause of succession naturally occurring in an ephemeral wetland dominated by invasive plants that had varying levels of disturbance (site availability), remnant native plants (species availability), and water availability (species performance). Our hypotheses were (1) seeding combined with watering would augment meadow vole disturbance to increase desired species composition, (2) shallow tilling combined with watering would augment remnant native species, and (3) shallow tilling combined with seeding would augment mesic soils to increase desired species composition. Shallow tilling, watering, and seeding were applied in a factorial arrangement at all three sites. These eight treatment combinations were applied in a split-plot design with four replications to generate 32 whole plots (2 m2). The herbicide 2,4-D was applied on half of each whole plot to influence relative species performance. In two of the three sites, using augmentative restoration to guide our management approaches improved our decision as to the treatment combinations that would maximize seedling establishment. Selectively augmenting successional processes that remain intact by repairing or replacing processes occurring at inadequate levels can improve implementation of successional management and provide a refined process-based framework for restoration across heterogeneous landscapes. Besides the clear economic advantages of lower management inputs associated with augmentative restoration, avoiding unnecessary management inputs has the additional advantage of minimizing unintended negative impacts on ecosystem processes. JF - Invasive Plant Science and Management AU - Sheley, Roger L AU - James, Jeremy J AU - Bard, Erin C AD - *Rangeland Weed Ecologist and Plant Physiologist, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, 67826-A Hwy 205, Burns, OR 97720; Research Graduate Assistant, Land Resources and Environmental Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717. Corresponding author's Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 10 EP - 21 PB - Weed Science Society of America, 810 East 10th St. Lawrence KS 66044 USA VL - 2 IS - 1 SN - 1939-7291, 1939-7291 KW - Environment Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - 2,4-D KW - succession KW - water availability KW - Propagules KW - Succession KW - Water availability KW - Soil KW - Economics KW - Seeding KW - Wetlands KW - Species composition KW - disturbance KW - Replication KW - Landscape KW - Microtus KW - Herbicides KW - invasive plants KW - Indigenous species KW - seeding KW - Environmental restoration KW - Seedlings KW - Disturbance KW - ENA 15:Renewable Resources-Terrestrial KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/851461938?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Invasive+Plant+Science+and+Management&rft.atitle=Augmentative+Restoration%3A+Repairing+Damaged+Ecological+Processes+During+Restoration+of+Heterogeneous+Environments&rft.au=Sheley%2C+Roger+L%3BJames%2C+Jeremy+J%3BBard%2C+Erin+C&rft.aulast=Sheley&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=10&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Invasive+Plant+Science+and+Management&rft.issn=19397291&rft_id=info:doi/10.1614%2FIPSM-07-058.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 49 N1 - Last updated - 2013-10-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 2,4-D; Propagules; Replication; Landscape; Herbicides; Succession; Water availability; Soil; Indigenous species; Economics; Seeding; Environmental restoration; Species composition; Wetlands; Seedlings; Disturbance; succession; disturbance; seeding; water availability; invasive plants; Microtus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/IPSM-07-058.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Benefits of Hands-On Biotechnology Training Workshops for Secondary School Educators and College Students AN - 754870846; 13224533 JF - Journal of Biotech Research AU - Aziz, Ahmad N AU - Tegegne, Fisseha AU - Wiemers, Roger W AD - Department of Agricultural Sciences, School of Agriculture and Consumer Sciences; 2 Department of Educational Administration and Supervision, College of Education, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA E-mail: aaziz[AT]tnstate.edu Financial support: This study was funded by USDA, CSREES, 1890 Capacity Building Grants, 2003-2006. Facilities were provided by the School of Agriculture and Consumer Sciences at Tennessee State University. Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 72 PB - Bio Tech System VL - 1 SN - 1944-3285, 1944-3285 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Conferences KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754870846?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biotech+Research&rft.atitle=Benefits+of+Hands-On+Biotechnology+Training+Workshops+for+Secondary+School+Educators+and+College+Students&rft.au=Aziz%2C+Ahmad+N%3BTegegne%2C+Fisseha%3BWiemers%2C+Roger+W&rft.aulast=Aziz&rft.aufirst=Ahmad&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=72&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Biotech+Research&rft.issn=19443285&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Conferences ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radiometric surface temperature calibration effects on satellite based evapotranspiration estimation AN - 753694806; 13329620 AB - Agriculture on the Texas High Plains (THP) uses approximately 89% of groundwater withdrawals from the Ogallala Aquifer, leading to steady decline in water table levels. Therefore, efficient water management is essential for sustaining agricultural production in the THP. Accurate evapotranspiration (ET) maps provide critical information on actual spatio-temporal crop water use. METRIC (Mapping Evapotranspiration at High Resolution using Internalized Calibration) is a remote sensing based energy balance method that uses radiometric surface temperature (T s) for mapping ET. However, T s calibration effects on satellite based ET estimation are less known. Further, METRIC has never been applied for the advective conditions of the semi-arid THP. In this study, METRIC was applied and predicted ET was compared with measured values from five monolithic weighing lysimeters at the USDA-ARS Conservation and Production Research Laboratory in Bushland, Texas, USA. Three different levels of calibration were applied on a Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper's thermal image acquired on 23 July 2006 to derive T s. Application of METRIC on a MODTRAN calibrated image improved the accuracy of distributed ET prediction. In addition, ET estimates were further improved when a THP-specific model was used for estimating leaf area index. Results indicated that METRIC performed well with ET mean bias errorcroot mean square error of 0.4c0.7 mm d-1. JF - International Journal of Remote Sensing AU - Chavez, J L AU - Gowda, P H AU - Howell, T A AU - Copeland, K S AD - Conservation and Production Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Bushland, TX 79012, USA Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 2337 EP - 2354 PB - Taylor & Francis Group Ltd., 2 Park Square Oxford OX14 4RN UK VL - 30 IS - 9 SN - 0143-1161, 0143-1161 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Remote Sensing KW - Surface temperatures KW - Agricultural production KW - USA, Wyoming, High Plains KW - Crops KW - Calibrations KW - Lysimeters KW - Satellite Technology KW - Estimating KW - Groundwater withdrawal KW - agriculture KW - water table KW - Energy balance KW - Water management KW - Conservation KW - Groundwater KW - Aquifers KW - Agriculture KW - Water Management KW - Remote sensing KW - LANDSAT KW - plains KW - Mapping KW - water use KW - Temperature KW - Evapotranspiration estimation KW - Evapotranspiration KW - Satellites KW - Landsat KW - Semiarid environments KW - USA, Texas KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes KW - M2 556.13:Evaporation/Evapotranspiration (556.13) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/753694806?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Remote+Sensing&rft.atitle=Radiometric+surface+temperature+calibration+effects+on+satellite+based+evapotranspiration+estimation&rft.au=Chavez%2C+J+L%3BGowda%2C+P+H%3BHowell%2C+T+A%3BCopeland%2C+K+S&rft.aulast=Chavez&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=2337&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Remote+Sensing&rft.issn=01431161&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F01431160802549393 L2 - http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/content~db=all~content=a912338043~frm=abslink LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agriculture; Aquifers; Surface temperatures; Energy balance; Water management; Groundwater withdrawal; Remote sensing; Conservation; Evapotranspiration estimation; Lysimeters; LANDSAT; Evapotranspiration; water use; Agricultural production; agriculture; Temperature; Satellites; Crops; water table; Landsat; Semiarid environments; plains; Mapping; Groundwater; Remote Sensing; Satellite Technology; Water Management; Calibrations; Estimating; USA, Texas; USA, Wyoming, High Plains DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01431160802549393 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recent advances in the development of novel materials for mycotoxin analysis AN - 753633534; 13324134 AB - For sensitive and specific toxin detection, mycotoxin immunoassays depend upon antibodies with high affinity and selectivity. While intact immunoglobulins remain the primary toxin-binding elements used in rapid assays, a number of alternatives have begun appearing in the literature. The alternatives can be broadly classified into those that are obtained by chemical synthesis and those that are obtained by altering biologically derived materials. Examples range from synthetically prepared polymers to recombinant fragments of antibodies, with a wide variety of synthetic and natural materials in-between. To date, obtaining the combination of selectivity and affinity needed for use in sensors has been more readily accomplished with biologically derived materials than with synthetic materials. Despite this, synthetic materials still offer certain potential advantages, such as high binding capacity and the ability to bind in environments that are too harsh for intact antibodies. This review focuses upon recent advances in the development of mycotoxin-binding materials and their potential for application in mycotoxin assays. JF - Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry AU - Maragos, Chris M AD - United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, 1815 N. University St., Peoria, IL 61604, USA, chris.maragos@ars.usda.gov PY - 2009 SP - 1205 EP - 1213 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 395 IS - 5 SN - 1618-2642, 1618-2642 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Toxicology Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Sensors KW - Toxins KW - Mycotoxins KW - Reviews KW - Assay KW - Capacity KW - Synthesis KW - Polymers KW - Selectivity KW - Immunoassays KW - Immunoglobulins KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - X 24370:Natural Toxins KW - SW 0810:General KW - A 01300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/753633534?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+and+Bioanalytical+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Recent+advances+in+the+development+of+novel+materials+for+mycotoxin+analysis&rft.au=Maragos%2C+Chris+M&rft.aulast=Maragos&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=395&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1205&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Library+Review&rft.issn=00242535&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/4x66079282q75605/?p=4dc49af9ba6646da8fd1680990b02cd5&pi=8 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mycotoxins; Immunoassays; Immunoglobulins; Sensors; Reviews; Assay; Capacity; Polymers; Synthesis; Selectivity; Toxins DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00216-009-2728-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Copper sulfate toxicity to two isolates of Ichthyophthirius multifiliis relative to alkalinity AN - 746235330; 12957833 AB - Theronts from 2 different strains of Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (AR1 and AR5) were exposed to copper sulfate (CuSO sub(4)) in waters of different total alkalinities and observed for 4 h to determine relative toxicity and kinetics of parasite mortality. Consistent with the known solubility properties of the metal, Cu was significantly more toxic to cells maintained under low (48 mg l super(-1)) compared with high (243 mg l super(-1)) total alkalinity conditions. This was reflected in both the median lethal concentration (LC sub(50)) values and rates of mortality for both parasite strains; strain differences were also observed. The AR1 strain was significantly more resistant to copper toxicity than the AR5 strain in both high and low alkalinity waters. In general, these strain differences were more evident under conditions of low stress (i.e. low CuSO sub(4) concentration and high alkalinity), and suggest that genetic factors are overridden under high stress conditions. The present study establishes a role for alkalinity in the effectiveness of CuSO sub(4) treatment of ichthyophthiriasis and reveals differences in the susceptibility of parasite populations that are clearly important for control programs. JF - Diseases of Aquatic Organisms AU - Straus, David L AU - Hossain, MMozammal AU - Clark, Theodore G AD - US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Harry K. Dupree Stuttgart National Aquaculture Research Center, 2955 Highway 130 E, PO Box 150, Stuttgart, Arkansas 72160, USA, dave.straus@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 31 EP - 36 PB - Inter-Research, Nordbuente 23 Oldendorf/Luhe 21385 Germany VL - 83 IS - 1 SN - 0177-5103, 0177-5103 KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Strain differences KW - Ichthyophthirius multifiliis KW - Copper toxicity KW - Genomes KW - Mortality KW - Parasites KW - Genetic factors KW - Solubility KW - Heavy metals KW - Control programs KW - Disease control KW - Stress KW - Copper KW - Toxicity KW - Toxicity tests KW - Fish diseases KW - Lethal limits KW - Kinetics KW - Alkalinity KW - Cadmium KW - copper sulfate KW - Mortality causes KW - Q1 08484:Species interactions: parasites and diseases KW - X 24330:Agrochemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/746235330?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Diseases+of+Aquatic+Organisms&rft.atitle=Copper+sulfate+toxicity+to+two+isolates+of+Ichthyophthirius+multifiliis+relative+to+alkalinity&rft.au=Straus%2C+David+L%3BHossain%2C+MMozammal%3BClark%2C+Theodore+G&rft.aulast=Straus&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=31&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Diseases+of+Aquatic+Organisms&rft.issn=01775103&rft_id=info:doi/10.3354%2Fdao02010 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-09-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Parasites; Lethal limits; Fish diseases; Heavy metals; Alkalinity; Disease control; Toxicity tests; Mortality causes; Mortality; Genetic factors; Solubility; Control programs; Stress; Toxicity; Copper; Kinetics; Cadmium; copper sulfate; Ichthyophthirius multifiliis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/dao02010 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Resource-Dependent Growth Models for Sierran Mixed-Conifer Saplings AN - 745696656; 12903629 AB - Thinning to reduce wildfire hazard is a common management practice in frequent-fire forests of the American west, but it is uncertain whether projects will help regenerate fire-resistant, shade-intolerant pines. We studied naturally established saplings of six conifer species in mixed- conifer forest in northern California, USA to determine how three environmental resources - light, soil moisture, and soil mineralizable nitrogen - affect stem radial growth. Likelihood principles were used to select among models of growth as a function of resources, age and size. There was support for models of growth as an exponential function of light for three species. Pinus jeffreyi growth was slow even at 40% full sun but increased sharply at higher light. Light-dependent growth of Pinus ponderosa and Calocedrus decurrens was contingent upon age: some young ( < 20 y) saplings grew rapidly at 16% full sun, but older saplings required higher light for rapid growth. No relationship of light or other resources to growth was detected for three other species; instead, null models of size-dependent (Abies concolor, Pseudotsuga menziesii) or age-dependent (Pinus lambertiana) growth provided the most parsimonious explanations of growth patterns. These results suggest the latter species will not grow rapidly under more open canopies, but the scope of this inference is limited because few individuals of these more tolerant species were found in high-light environments. In contrast, large openings or patchy canopy are required for rapid growth of P. jeffreyi; smaller openings will increase growth of P. ponderosa, but increases may be modest unless saplings are young. JF - Open Forest Science Journal AU - Bigelow, Seth W AU - North, Malcolm P AU - Horwath, William R AD - Sierra Nevada Research Center, USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, 1731 Research Park Drive, Davis California 95618, USA Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 31 EP - 40 PB - Bentham Science Publishers B.V., P.O. Box 1673 Hilversum 1200 BR The Netherlands, [URL:http://www.bentham.org] VL - 2 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Age KW - Abies concolor KW - Pinus ponderosa KW - Forests KW - Pinus jeffreyi KW - Light effects KW - Models KW - Conifers KW - Thinning KW - Pinus lambertiana KW - Sun KW - Pseudotsuga menziesii KW - Calocedrus decurrens KW - Canopies KW - Nitrogen KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/745696656?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Open+Forest+Science+Journal&rft.atitle=Resource-Dependent+Growth+Models+for+Sierran+Mixed-Conifer+Saplings&rft.au=Bigelow%2C+Seth+W%3BNorth%2C+Malcolm+P%3BHorwath%2C+William+R&rft.aulast=Bigelow&rft.aufirst=Seth&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=31&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Open+Forest+Science+Journal&rft.issn=1874-3986&rft_id=info:doi/10.2174%2F1874398600902010031 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Conifers; Thinning; Age; Sun; Forests; Canopies; Nitrogen; Models; Light effects; Pinus lambertiana; Abies concolor; Pinus ponderosa; Pseudotsuga menziesii; Calocedrus decurrens; Pinus jeffreyi DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874398600902010031 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impacts of Sixteen Different Biochars on Soil Greenhouse Gas Production AN - 745640706; 13096184 AB - One potential abatement strategy to increasing atmos-pheric levels of carbon dioxide (CO sub(2)) is to sequester atmospheric CO sub(2) captured through photosynthesis in biomass and pyrolysed into a more stable form of carbon called biochar. We evaluated the impacts of 16 different biochars from different pyrolysis/gasification processes and feed stock materials (corn stover, peanut hulls, macadamia nut shells, wood chips, and turkey manure plus wood chips) as well as a steam activated coconut shell charcoal on net CO sub(2), methane (CH sub(4)) and nitrous oxide (N sub(2)O) production/consumption potentials through a 100 day laboratory incubation with a Minnesota agricultural soil (Waukegan silt loam, total organic carbon = 2.6%); Wisconsin forest nursery soil (Vilas loamy sand, total organic carbon = 1.1%); and a California landfill cover soil (Marina loamy sand plus green waste-sewage sludge, total organic carbon = 3.9%) at field capacity (soil moisture potential = -33 kPa). After correcting for the CO sub(2), CH sub(4) and N sub(2)O production of the char alone, the addition of biochars (10% w/w) resulted in different responses among the soils. For the agricultural soil, five chars increased, three chars reduced and eight had no significant impact on the observed CO sub(2) respiration. In the forest nursery soil, three chars stimulated CO sub(2) respiration, while the remainder of the chars suppressed CO sub(2) respiration. In the landfill cover soil, only two chars increased observed CO sub(2) respiration, with the remainder exhibiting lower CO sub(2) respiration rates. All chars and soil combinations resulted in decreased or unaltered rates of CH sub(4) oxidation, with no increases observed in CH sub(4) oxidation or production activity. Biochar additions generally suppressed observed N sub(2)O production, with the exception being high nitrogen compost-amended biochar, which increased N sub(2)O production. The general conclusions are: (1) the impact on trace gas production is both dependent on the biochar and soil properties and (2) biochar amendments initially reduce microbial activity in laboratory incubations. These preliminary results show a wide diversity in biochar properties that point to the need for more research. JF - Annals of Environmental Science AU - Spokas, KA AU - Reicosky, D C AD - Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Soil and Water Management Unit, Saint Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 179 EP - 193 PB - Northeastern University, [mailto:g.davies@neu.edu] VL - 3 SN - 1939-2621, 1939-2621 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Arachis hypogaea KW - Photosynthesis KW - Landfills KW - Respiration KW - Forests KW - USA, Wisconsin KW - Soil KW - sandy soils KW - Total organic carbon KW - Waste disposal sites KW - USA, California KW - Methane KW - Animal wastes KW - Turkey KW - Wood KW - agricultural land KW - Biomass KW - USA, Minnesota KW - Pyrolysis KW - loam KW - Macadamia KW - Oxidation KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Soil moisture KW - gasification KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/745640706?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+Environmental+Science&rft.atitle=Impacts+of+Sixteen+Different+Biochars+on+Soil+Greenhouse+Gas+Production&rft.au=Spokas%2C+KA%3BReicosky%2C+D+C&rft.aulast=Spokas&rft.aufirst=KA&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=179&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+Environmental+Science&rft.issn=19392621&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Methane; Animal wastes; Photosynthesis; Landfills; Respiration; Wood; Forests; agricultural land; Biomass; Pyrolysis; Soil; sandy soils; loam; Total organic carbon; Waste disposal sites; Oxidation; Soil moisture; Carbon dioxide; gasification; Arachis hypogaea; Macadamia; Turkey; USA, California; USA, Wisconsin; USA, Minnesota ER - TY - JOUR T1 - First Report of the European Oak Borer, Agrilus sulcicollis (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), in the United States AN - 745638217; 13033039 AB - Agrilus sulcicollis Lacordaire was first reported in North America from Ontario, Canada in 2008; specimens were collected in the field on red oak (Quercus rubra L.), on sticky traps, and also found in insect collections that dated from 1995. After hearing of this discovery in Ontario, unidentified Agrilus specimens that had been collected in Michigan during recent field studies of the emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire, were examined. As a result, A. sulcicollis specimens were identified that had been collected in four Michigan counties during 2003 to 2008: Ingham, Oakland, Saint Clair, and Washtenaw. All Michigan specimens had been collected from sticky traps or reared from English oak, Q. robur L. This is the first establishment record of A. sulcicollis in the United States. In addition, A. sulcicollis adults were collected on sticky traps in Monroe and Orleans counties, New York, during surveys in 2009 that targeted A. planipennis. In Europe, A. sulcicollis infests primarily oak. Information is provided on U.S. collection records, U.S. port interception records, and basic life history data of A. sulcicollis. JF - Great Lakes Entomologist AU - Haack, R A AU - Petrice, T R AU - Zablotny, JE AD - USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, 1407 S. Harrison Road, East Lansing, MI 48823, USA, rhaack@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 1 EP - 7 VL - 42 IS - 1-2 SN - 0090-0222, 0090-0222 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - Quercus rubra KW - Life history KW - Data processing KW - Coleoptera KW - Buprestidae KW - Traps KW - Hearing KW - Agrilus KW - Z 05340:Ecology and Behavior KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/745638217?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Great+Lakes+Entomologist&rft.atitle=First+Report+of+the+European+Oak+Borer%2C+Agrilus+sulcicollis+%28Coleoptera%3A+Buprestidae%29%2C+in+the+United+States&rft.au=Haack%2C+R+A%3BPetrice%2C+T+R%3BZablotny%2C+JE&rft.aulast=Haack&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Great+Lakes+Entomologist&rft.issn=00900222&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data processing; Life history; Traps; Hearing; Quercus rubra; Coleoptera; Buprestidae; Agrilus ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structural Conservation Practices in US Wheat Production: A Cost-Function Technology Adoption Approach AN - 745633124; 12976072 AB - Based on 2004 CEAP-ARMS Phase II data, higher-sales farms not participating in a conservation programme adopted farmland conservation structures much more intensively on wheat fields than did any other farm-size type among conservation programme participants or non-participants. Survey results suggest that wheat farms not participating in a conservation programme more frequently adopted infield conservation structures, while conservation programme participants more often installed field perimeter conservation structures. Wheat producers, particularly those not participating in a conservation programme, recognize productivity and profitability benefits of infield structures as sufficient to promote their adoption without programme incentives. However, for field perimeter structures, programme incentives may be needed to encourage their adoption because benefits are more commonly off-site. To supplement univariate comparisons between conservation programme participants and non-participants, we used a cost-function based acreage allocation model to examine adoption of structural conservation practices, including such practices as strip cropping, terraces, grassed waterways, field borders, and stream-side herbaceous buffers. To accurately assess the potential environmental impacts of conservation programmes, it is important to account for the variability in on-site field, farm, and environmental conditions influencing producer adoption decisions. Econometric models suggest that not accounting for factors such as field, farm, operator, and environmental attributes will likely under- or overestimate adoption of conservation structures with respect to input and commodity prices, regardless of programme participation status. JF - Journal of Natural Resources Policy AU - Schaible, G D AU - Lambert, D M AU - Kim, C S AU - Stefanova, S AD - Economic Research Service, USDA, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 167 EP - 188 VL - 1 IS - 2 SN - 1939-0459, 1939-0459 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - buffers KW - crop production KW - terraces KW - Triticum aestivum KW - farms KW - Economics KW - econometrics KW - wheat KW - Environmental impact KW - agricultural land KW - USA KW - Natural resources KW - Conservation KW - Environmental conditions KW - Technology KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/745633124?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Natural+Resources+Policy&rft.atitle=Structural+Conservation+Practices+in+US+Wheat+Production%3A+A+Cost-Function+Technology+Adoption+Approach&rft.au=Schaible%2C+G+D%3BLambert%2C+D+M%3BKim%2C+C+S%3BStefanova%2C+S&rft.aulast=Schaible&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=167&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Natural+Resources+Policy&rft.issn=19390459&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F19390450802553318 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - wheat; buffers; Environmental impact; agricultural land; crop production; terraces; farms; Natural resources; Economics; Conservation; Environmental conditions; Technology; econometrics; Triticum aestivum; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19390450802553318 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Psyllid Biology: Expressed Genes in Adult Asian Citrus Psyllids, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama AN - 744715030; 12903480 AB - Where it occurs the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri, Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) is considered the primary vector of Huanglongbing, HLB, disease of citrus trees. The plant pathogenic bacterium associated with HLB causes economic losses to citrus industries worldwide. To better understand the general biology of D. citri, we undertook a sequencing project from adult psyllids. Few genes have been isolated from psyllids however several insect genomic datasets are available for comparisons. We compared the psyllid data to genomic datasets of nematode, C. elegans, fruit fly, D. melanogaster, honey bee, A. mellifera, mosquito, A. aegypti, and human, H. sapiens since these have completed more thorough levels of annotation. We describe the first data set of ESTs from D. citri, the Asian citrus psyllid. A total of 5,906 cDNA clones were sequenced, resulting in 4,595 high-quality ESTs. Electronic removal of 1,487 sequences which matched to bacteria and viruses left an assembly of cDNAs resulting in a total of 636 psyllid sequences (544 contigs plus 92 singlets). The sequences underwent BLAST analyses using (Swissprot-Tremble 03-2007) and NCBI, nr databases which returned 53% with No significant match in either the non-redundant protein or nucleic acid databases, providing new information to the scientific community. The D. citri gene expression data set advances current research efforts in the identification of genes and physiological processes of psyllids. Knowledge of these genes and proteins are being used in the development of novel management strategies against psyllids, and other sap feeding insects within the Order: Hemiptera. JF - Open Entomology Journal AU - Hunter, W B AU - Dowd, SE AU - Katsar, C S AU - Shatters, R G AU - McKenzie, CL AU - Hall, D G AD - United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, United States Horticultural Research Laboratory, Fort Pierce, Florida, USA Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 18 EP - 29 PB - Bentham Science Publishers B.V., P.O. Box 1673 Hilversum 1200 BR The Netherlands, [URL:http://www.bentham.org] VL - 3 KW - Entomology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - ACP KW - AsCP KW - Diaphorina citri KW - EST KW - Genome KW - Hemiptera KW - Huanglongbing KW - Psyllid KW - Citrus KW - Trees KW - Viruses KW - Hosts KW - expressed sequence tags KW - Disease transmission KW - Gene expression KW - Caenorhabditis elegans KW - Economics KW - genomics KW - Aquatic insects KW - Nematoda KW - Clones KW - Feeding KW - Data processing KW - SAP protein KW - Psyllidae KW - Entomology KW - Databases KW - Bibliographic information KW - nucleic acids KW - Kuwayama KW - Drosophila KW - Nucleic acids KW - Z 05300:General KW - Q1 08484:Species interactions: parasites and diseases KW - V 22320:Replication KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/744715030?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Open+Entomology+Journal&rft.atitle=Psyllid+Biology%3A+Expressed+Genes+in+Adult+Asian+Citrus+Psyllids%2C+Diaphorina+citri+Kuwayama&rft.au=Hunter%2C+W+B%3BDowd%2C+SE%3BKatsar%2C+C+S%3BShatters%2C+R+G%3BMcKenzie%2C+CL%3BHall%2C+D+G&rft.aulast=Hunter&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=18&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Open+Entomology+Journal&rft.issn=1874-4079&rft_id=info:doi/10.2174%2F1874407900903010018 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Clones; Gene expression; Bibliographic information; Viruses; Hosts; Aquatic insects; Entomology; Nucleic acids; Disease transmission; Feeding; Databases; nucleic acids; Data processing; Trees; Economics; SAP protein; genomics; expressed sequence tags; Citrus; Caenorhabditis elegans; Kuwayama; Psyllidae; Diaphorina citri; Drosophila; Nematoda; Hemiptera DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874407900903010018 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermal properties of extruded and injection-molded poly(lactic acid)-based cuphea and lesquerella bio-composites AN - 744581870; 9306370 AB - The degree of compatibility between poly (lactic acid) (PLA) and different bio-fillers was examined using thermal methods. The biofillers were fibers extracted from cuphea and lesquerella seeds. Bio-composites of PLA:Fiber were prepared at 85 : 15, 70 : 30, and 100 : 00 and blended by extrusion and then injection molding. Thermal properties of the extruded (EX) and the extruded-injection molded (EXIM) composites were examined using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA). Composites analysis using DSC provided information essential for determining: (1) glass transition (Tg); (2) crystallization and melting temperatures and H; (3) percent crystallinity; and (4) Enthalpic Relaxation (ER). TGA was used to measure the mechanism of the thermal decomposition of the composites. The effect of fiber composition, processing conditions, and aging time on the thermal properties of the bio-composites was used to examine the relative compatibility of the fibers with PLA. The data showed that ER increased steadily as a function of aging. Because of the difference in protein content between cuphea and lesquerella, the two fibers influenced the Tg (temperature and Cp) differently. The percent crystallinity of neat PLA was significantly reduced by EX or EXIM, while the enzymatic degradation showed that EX composites are more biodegradable than EXIM. The TGA profiles indicated a multi-step degradation especially in air. The largest value of q, which indicated that, intermolecular interaction was strongest between lesquerella and PLA extruded materials, compared to the other three blends, possibly due to the higher protein content. Results also indicated that intermolecular interaction was least strong (q = -33.9156) in the EXIM PLA-cuphea. Although the q values of both cuphea composites were significantly lower than those of the lesquerella samples, this greater effect of extrusion over injection molding on intermolecular interaction was also seen in the q value of the EX and EXIM samples. JF - Journal of Applied Polymer Science AU - Mohamed, Abdellatif AU - Finkenstadt, V L AU - Rayas-Duarte, P AU - Palmquist Debra, E AU - Gordon, Sherald H AD - Cereal Products and Food Science Unit, National Center for Agriculture Utilization Research, USDA-ARS, 1815 North University Sr., Peoria, Illinois 61604, a.mohamed@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 114 EP - 124 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD UK, [mailto:customer@wiley.co.uk], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 111 IS - 1 SN - 0021-8995, 0021-8995 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Temperature effects KW - Crystallization KW - Crystallinity KW - Seeds KW - Data processing KW - Lesquerella KW - Aging KW - Biodegradability KW - Decomposition KW - Melting KW - Fibers KW - Cuphea KW - Differential scanning calorimetry KW - W 30940:Products UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/744581870?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Polymer+Science&rft.atitle=Thermal+properties+of+extruded+and+injection-molded+poly%28lactic+acid%29-based+cuphea+and+lesquerella+bio-composites&rft.au=Mohamed%2C+Abdellatif%3BFinkenstadt%2C+V+L%3BRayas-Duarte%2C+P%3BPalmquist+Debra%2C+E%3BGordon%2C+Sherald+H&rft.aulast=Mohamed&rft.aufirst=Abdellatif&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=111&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=114&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Polymer+Science&rft.issn=00218995&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fapp.28964 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Crystallization; Melting; Temperature effects; Fibers; Seeds; Crystallinity; Data processing; Aging; Decomposition; Biodegradability; Differential scanning calorimetry; Lesquerella; Cuphea DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.28964 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integrating terrestrial sequestration into a greenhouse gas management plan AN - 742906641; 2010-039086 AB - Terrestrial sequestration has the potential to contribute to national and global greenhouse gas management strategies. However, spatial and temporal variability in sequestration potential and in the implementation of sequestering technologies introduces serious questions about how to resolve uncertainties and raise the credibility of terrestrial sequestration. Carbon flux in terrestrial ecosystems without land use change generally is less than one ton CO (sub 2) e/ha and driven primarily by precipitation. Land use and management changes are relatively common and are driven by economics and social considerations both in the private and public sectors. Implementing a credible greenhouse gas management program that integrates terrestrial sequestration along with other sources and sinks requires a systematic approach to identify and quantitatively monitor changes in the drivers of terrestrial sequestration. A credible terrestrial sequestration monitoring program will require close attention to integrating direct measurement of soils and vegetation, statistically valid scaling, remote sensing, and computer modeling. Predicting changes at a level of confidence useful to policy development will also require an understanding of how land owners and managers respond to private sector price signals and government conservation initiatives. JF - Geophysical Monograph AU - Brown, Joel R AU - Sampson, Neil Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 317 EP - 324 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 183 SN - 0065-8448, 0065-8448 KW - monitoring KW - carbon sequestration KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - data processing KW - pollution KW - ecosystems KW - vegetation KW - climate change KW - carbon dioxide KW - air pollution KW - models KW - environmental management KW - quantitative analysis KW - planning KW - precipitation KW - land management KW - ecology KW - greenhouse gases KW - uncertainty KW - land use KW - climate KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/742906641?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.atitle=Integrating+terrestrial+sequestration+into+a+greenhouse+gas+management+plan&rft.au=Brown%2C+Joel+R%3BSampson%2C+Neil&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Joel&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=183&rft.issue=&rft.spage=317&rft.isbn=9781118666494&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.issn=00658448&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2006GM000354 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 43 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - GPMGAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air pollution; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; climate; climate change; data processing; ecology; ecosystems; environmental management; greenhouse gases; land management; land use; models; monitoring; planning; pollutants; pollution; precipitation; quantitative analysis; statistical analysis; uncertainty; vegetation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2006GM000354 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil inorganic carbon sequestration as a result of cultivation in the Mollisols AN - 742901287; 2010-039072 AB - Soil inorganic carbon stock and its response to land use in grassland ecosystems are poorly understood. A detailed examination of soil organic and inorganic carbon distribution at depth in Mollisols of the U.S. Northern Great Plains and the Russian Chernozem shows that cultivation of these soils decreased soil organic stock and increased soil inorganic carbon stock. The global significance of these results is that one of the most fertile and productive agricultural soils in the world that was initially native grasslands incorporated massive amounts of organic matter into the soil during cultivation. This dramatic event (going from equilibrium native grassland state to being plowed) caused a loss of organic carbon, and our analysis indicates that there may have been a corresponding gain of soil inorganic carbon in fertile calcium rich soils in the temperate grassland ecosystem. Mollisols may be a significant sink of inorganic carbon through pedogenic carbonate formation, which may partially offset carbon loss from soil organic matter decomposition. JF - Geophysical Monograph AU - Mikhailova, Elena AU - Post, Christopher AU - Cihacek, Larry AU - Ulmer, Michael Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 129 EP - 133 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 183 SN - 0065-8448, 0065-8448 KW - United States KW - soils KW - North America KW - carbon sequestration KW - pollutants KW - agriculture KW - pollution KW - ecosystems KW - Russian Federation KW - vegetation KW - inorganic materials KW - carbon dioxide KW - air pollution KW - environmental management KW - North Dakota KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - grasslands KW - Great Plains KW - ecology KW - Chernozems KW - Mollisols KW - land use KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/742901287?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.atitle=Soil+inorganic+carbon+sequestration+as+a+result+of+cultivation+in+the+Mollisols&rft.au=Mikhailova%2C+Elena%3BPost%2C+Christopher%3BCihacek%2C+Larry%3BUlmer%2C+Michael&rft.aulast=Mikhailova&rft.aufirst=Elena&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=183&rft.issue=&rft.spage=129&rft.isbn=9781118666494&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.issn=00658448&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2005GM000313 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - GPMGAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; air pollution; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; Chernozems; Commonwealth of Independent States; ecology; ecosystems; environmental management; grasslands; Great Plains; inorganic materials; land use; Mollisols; North America; North Dakota; pollutants; pollution; Russian Federation; soils; United States; vegetation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2005GM000313 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fish oil supplementation inhibits NNK-induced lung carcinogenesis in the A/J mouse. AN - 734091384; 19838940 AB - High intake of fish oil with a low omega-6 (n-6)/omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) ratio has been suggested to protect against many chronic diseases. However, the effect of different ratios of dietary n-6 and n-3 PUFA on lung tumorigenesis has not been investigated. In this study, we examined the effect of a 4 mo dietary supplementation with corn oil (with a high n-6/n-3 ratio) and fish oil (with a low n-6/n-3 ratio) as compared with soybean oil (isocaloric control with the same n-6/n-3 ratio as the base diet) on tumor incidence and tumor prevalence in the A/J mouse model of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK)-induced lung carcinogenesis. We found that dietary supplementation had no effect on overall lung tumor incidence, but fish oil supplementation was able to decrease lung tumor prevalence by 78% and 80% compared to groups receiving soybean oil and corn oil supplementation, respectively. The inhibitory effect of fish oil on lung tumor prevalence was associated with increased expressions of cell cycle inhibitor p21Cip1 and lipoxygenase isoform 15-LOX in the lungs. These data suggest that fish oil with a low ratio of n-6/n-3 PUFA could be beneficial in the prevention of lung carcinogenesis. JF - Nutrition and cancer AU - Mernitz, Heather AU - Lian, Fuzhi AU - Smith, Donald E AU - Meydani, Simin Nikbin AU - Wang, Xiang-Dong AD - Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA. Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 663 EP - 669 VL - 61 IS - 5 KW - Anticarcinogenic Agents KW - 0 KW - Carcinogens KW - Cell Cycle Proteins KW - Fatty Acids, Omega-3 KW - Fatty Acids, Omega-6 KW - Fish Oils KW - Isoenzymes KW - Nitrosamines KW - Plant Oils KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Menhaden oil KW - 1D8HWC57D0 KW - 4-(N-methyl-N-nitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone KW - 7S395EDO61 KW - Lipoxygenase KW - EC 1.13.11.12 KW - Cyclooxygenase 2 KW - EC 1.14.99.1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Random Allocation KW - Cyclooxygenase 2 -- genetics KW - Lipoxygenase -- genetics KW - Tumor Burden KW - Mice KW - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Isoenzymes -- genetics KW - Isoenzymes -- metabolism KW - Cell Cycle Proteins -- metabolism KW - Mice, Inbred A KW - Lipoxygenase -- metabolism KW - RNA, Messenger -- metabolism KW - Cell Cycle Proteins -- genetics KW - Fatty Acids, Omega-6 -- administration & dosage KW - Plant Oils -- administration & dosage KW - Fatty Acids, Omega-3 -- administration & dosage KW - Cyclooxygenase 2 -- metabolism KW - Gene Expression Regulation KW - Fish Oils -- administration & dosage KW - Lung Neoplasms -- prevention & control KW - Lung Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Anticarcinogenic Agents -- administration & dosage KW - Lung Neoplasms -- pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/734091384?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nutrition+and+cancer&rft.atitle=Fish+oil+supplementation+inhibits+NNK-induced+lung+carcinogenesis+in+the+A%2FJ+mouse.&rft.au=Mernitz%2C+Heather%3BLian%2C+Fuzhi%3BSmith%2C+Donald+E%3BMeydani%2C+Simin+Nikbin%3BWang%2C+Xiang-Dong&rft.aulast=Mernitz&rft.aufirst=Heather&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=663&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nutrition+and+cancer&rft.issn=1532-7914&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F01635580902825589 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2010-01-15 N1 - Date created - 2009-10-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Cancer Res. 1999 Apr 1;59(7):1400-3 [10197601] Carcinogenesis. 2008 Jul;29(7):1415-20 [18567619] Carcinogenesis. 2005 Apr;26(4):779-84 [15661810] World Rev Nutr Diet. 2005;94:158-65 [16145262] Mol Cancer Res. 2005 Sep;3(9):511-7 [16179498] Prog Biophys Mol Biol. 2006 Jan-Apr;90(1-3):299-325 [16005051] Cancer Res. 2005 Dec 15;65(24):11486-92 [16357157] JAMA. 2006 Jan 25;295(4):403-15 [16434631] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Aug 15;103(33):12499-504 [16888035] Int J Cancer. 2006 Nov 15;119(10):2247-54 [16921484] Carcinogenesis. 1989 Oct;10(10):1901-4 [2791206] Carcinogenesis. 1999 Dec;20(12):2209-18 [10590211] Cancer Lett. 2000 Apr 14;151(2):145-51 [10738108] Int J Epidemiol. 2000 Aug;29(4):615-21 [10922336] Cancer Res. 2000 Dec 15;60(24):6846-50 [11156377] Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2001;47(1):34-40 [11221959] Nestle Nutr Workshop Ser Clin Perform Programme. 1999;2:63-77; discussion 77-81 [11490628] Carcinogenesis. 2001 Sep;22(9):1349-54 [11532854] Int J Oncol. 2001 Dec;19(6):1255-62 [11713597] Int J Cancer. 2001 Dec 1;94(5):630-6 [11745456] Jpn J Cancer Res. 2001 Dec;92(12):1259-69 [11749690] Curr Opin Lipidol. 2002 Apr;13(2):155-64 [11891418] Eur J Clin Nutr. 2002 Aug;56 Suppl 3:S14-9 [12142955] J Clin Oncol. 2002 Sep 15;20(18):3865-71 [12228206] Carcinogenesis. 2003 Feb;24(2):243-7 [12584173] J Lipid Res. 2003 Mar;44(3):479-86 [12562875] Nutr Cancer. 2003;45(2):160-7 [12881009] Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2004 Jan;70(1):7-15 [14643174] Clin Nutr. 2004 Apr;23(2):139-51 [15030953] Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2004 Mar;7(2):137-44 [15075703] Cancer Causes Control. 2004 May;15(4):367-86 [15141138] Am J Clin Nutr. 2004 Jun;79(6):935-45 [15159222] Adv Cancer Res. 1975;21:1-58 [1108612] Int J Cancer. 1983 Apr 15;31(4):397-405 [6832851] Nutr Cancer. 1988;11(3):155-72 [2841651] Nutr Cancer. 1989;12(3):237-48 [2771801] Am J Clin Nutr. 1991 Sep;54(3):438-63 [1908631] Lipids. 1991 Nov;26(11):866-70 [1839563] Cancer Res. 1993 Jun 15;53(12):2758-61 [8389244] Urology. 1995 Aug;46(2):227-37 [7624992] Carcinogenesis. 1997 Mar;18(3):491-6 [9067547] J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1997 Jun;82(6):1790-8 [9177384] Prog Lipid Res. 1996 Dec;35(4):409-57 [9246358] Am J Clin Nutr. 1997 Dec;66(6 Suppl):1557S-1563S [9394715] Eur J Cancer Prev. 1997 Dec;6(6):540-9 [9496456] Z Ernahrungswiss. 1998;37 Suppl 1:57-65 [9558730] Cancer Lett. 2006 Nov 28;244(1):101-8 [16413115] Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2007 Jan;36(1):13-9 [16873770] Int J Cancer. 2007 Apr 1;120(7):1402-9 [17205520] BMC Cancer. 2007;7:90 [17535415] Carcinogenesis. 2007 Jul;28(7):1567-74 [17420169] Am J Epidemiol. 2007 Nov 15;166(10):1116-25 [17823383] Neoplasia. 2007 Nov;9(11):917-26 [18030360] Carcinogenesis. 2008 Feb;29(2):440-7 [18174253] Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2008 May;17(5):1136-43 [18483335] J Nutr. 2004 Dec;134(12):3343-9 [15570035] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01635580902825589 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Alkaloids toxic to livestock. AN - 67687340; 19827367 JF - The Alkaloids. Chemistry and biology AU - Molyneux, Russell J AU - Panter, Kip E AD - Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Albany, California, USA. russ.molyneux@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 143 EP - 216 VL - 67 SN - 1099-4831, 1099-4831 KW - Alkaloids KW - 0 KW - Plant Extracts KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals, Domestic KW - Animals KW - Cattle KW - Humans KW - Models, Chemical KW - Mice KW - Chemistry, Pharmaceutical -- methods KW - Plant Extracts -- chemistry KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Alkaloids -- chemistry KW - Alkaloids -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67687340?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Alkaloids.+Chemistry+and+biology&rft.atitle=Alkaloids+toxic+to+livestock.&rft.au=Molyneux%2C+Russell+J%3BPanter%2C+Kip+E&rft.aulast=Molyneux&rft.aufirst=Russell&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=&rft.spage=143&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Alkaloids.+Chemistry+and+biology&rft.issn=10994831&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-11-09 N1 - Date created - 2009-10-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phylogenetic classification of Escherichia coli O157:H7 strains of human and bovine origin using a novel set of nucleotide polymorphisms. AN - 67535264; 19463166 AB - Cattle are a reservoir of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 (STEC O157), and are known to harbor subtypes not typically found in clinically ill humans. Consequently, nucleotide polymorphisms previously discovered via strains originating from human outbreaks may be restricted in their ability to distinguish STEC O157 genetic subtypes present in cattle. The objectives of this study were firstly to identify nucleotide polymorphisms in a diverse sampling of human and bovine STEC O157 strains, secondly to classify strains of either bovine or human origin by polymorphism-derived genotypes, and finally to compare the genotype diversity with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), a method currently used for assessing STEC O157 diversity. High-throughput 454 sequencing of pooled STEC O157 strain DNAs from human clinical cases (n = 91) and cattle (n = 102) identified 16,218 putative polymorphisms. From those, 178 were selected primarily within genomic regions conserved across E. coli serotypes and genotyped in 261 STEC O157 strains. Forty-two unique genotypes were observed that are tagged by a minimal set of 32 polymorphisms. Phylogenetic trees of the genotypes are divided into clades that represent strains of cattle origin, or cattle and human origin. Although PFGE diversity surpassed genotype diversity overall, ten PFGE patterns each occurred with multiple strains having different genotypes. Deep sequencing of pooled STEC O157 DNAs proved highly effective in polymorphism discovery. A polymorphism set has been identified that characterizes genetic diversity within STEC O157 strains of bovine origin, and a subset observed in human strains. The set may complement current techniques used to classify strains implicated in disease outbreaks. JF - Genome biology AU - Clawson, Michael L AU - Keen, James E AU - Smith, Timothy P L AU - Durso, Lisa M AU - McDaneld, Tara G AU - Mandrell, Robert E AU - Davis, Margaret A AU - Bono, James L AD - United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, US Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, NE 68933, USA. mike.clawson@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 1 VL - 10 IS - 5 KW - DNA, Bacterial KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cattle KW - Shiga-Toxigenic Escherichia coli -- genetics KW - Humans KW - Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field KW - DNA, Bacterial -- analysis KW - Shiga-Toxigenic Escherichia coli -- classification KW - Escherichia coli Infections -- microbiology KW - Escherichia coli Infections -- veterinary KW - Escherichia coli O157 -- classification KW - Polymorphism, Genetic KW - Escherichia coli O157 -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67535264?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Genome+biology&rft.atitle=Phylogenetic+classification+of+Escherichia+coli+O157%3AH7+strains+of+human+and+bovine+origin+using+a+novel+set+of+nucleotide+polymorphisms.&rft.au=Clawson%2C+Michael+L%3BKeen%2C+James+E%3BSmith%2C+Timothy+P+L%3BDurso%2C+Lisa+M%3BMcDaneld%2C+Tara+G%3BMandrell%2C+Robert+E%3BDavis%2C+Margaret+A%3BBono%2C+James+L&rft.aulast=Clawson&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=R56&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Genome+biology&rft.issn=1474-760X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2Fgb-2009-10-5-r56 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-08-10 N1 - Date created - 2009-07-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Clin Microbiol. 1988 Oct;26(10):2006-12 [3053758] Microbiol Rev. 1987 Jun;51(2):221-71 [2439888] J Clin Microbiol. 1992 Aug;30(8):2169-72 [1500528] Infect Immun. 1993 May;61(5):1619-29 [7682992] J Clin Microbiol. 1994 Dec;32(12):3013-7 [7883892] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1996 Sep;62(9):3325-32 [8795222] Comput Appl Biosci. 1996 Aug;12(4):357-8 [8902363] J Clin Microbiol. 1997 Mar;35(3):656-62 [9041407] J Clin Microbiol. 1997 Mar;35(3):679-84 [9041412] Cell. 1997 Nov 14;91(4):511-20 [9390560] Nucleic Acids Res. 1997 Dec 15;25(24):4876-82 [9396791] J Clin Microbiol. 1998 Feb;36(2):598-602 [9466788] J Infect Dis. 1998 Jun;177(6):1750-3 [9607864] Mol Biol Evol. 1999 Jan;16(1):37-48 [10331250] Emerg Infect Dis. 1999 Sep-Oct;5(5):607-25 [10511517] Bioinformatics. 2005 Jan 15;21(2):263-5 [15297300] J Appl Microbiol. 2005;98(4):928-40 [15752340] Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2006 Spring;3(1):9-19 [16602975] Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2006 Spring;3(1):20-31 [16602976] Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2006 Spring;3(1):59-67 [16602980] Emerg Infect Dis. 2006 May;12(5):780-6 [16704838] Genome Res. 2006 Jun;16(6):757-67 [16606700] MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2006 Sep 29;55(38):1045-6 [17008868] Forensic Sci Int. 2007 May 24;168(2-3):183-99 [16934953] FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2007 Aug;273(1):58-63 [17559392] BMC Infect Dis. 2007;7:98 [17718910] PLoS One. 2007;2(11):e1159 [18174909] Emerg Infect Dis. 2007 Nov;13(11):1701-6 [18217554] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Mar 25;105(12):4868-73 [18332430] J Clin Microbiol. 2008 Jul;46(7):2280-90 [18463209] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Nov 9;96(23):13288-93 [10557313] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 Mar 28;97(7):2999-3003 [10725380] Nature. 2001 Jan 25;409(6819):529-33 [11206551] DNA Res. 2001 Feb 28;8(1):11-22 [11258796] Emerg Infect Dis. 2001 May-Jun;7(3):382-9 [11384513] J Bacteriol. 2002 Apr;184(7):1873-9 [11889093] Bioinformatics. 2002 Mar;18(3):502-4 [11934758] J Clin Microbiol. 2002 Aug;40(8):3079-81 [12149386] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Dec 24;99(26):17043-8 [12481030] J Clin Microbiol. 2003 May;41(5):1843-9 [12734215] J Bacteriol. 2003 Jun;185(12):3596-605 [12775697] Epidemiol Infect. 2003 Oct;131(2):923-30 [14596534] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2004 Mar;70(3):1855-7 [15006817] J Infect Dis. 1987 Apr;155(4):806-9 [3546523] Epidemiol Rev. 1991;13:60-98 [1765120] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/gb-2009-10-5-r56 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Supplemental control of lepidopterous pests on Bt transgenic sweet corn with biologically-based spray treatments. AN - 67505120; 19611255 AB - Biologically-based spray treatments, including nucleopolyhedroviruses, neem, and spinosad, were evaluated as supplemental controls for the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), and corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), on transgenic sweet corn, Zea mays (L.) (Poales: Poaceae), expressing a Cry1Ab toxin from Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Bacillales: Bacillaceae) (Bt). Overall, transgenic corn supported lower densities of both pests than did nontransgenic corn. Control of the fall armyworm was improved in both whorl-stage and tassel-stage corn by the use of either a nucleopolyhedrovirus or neem, but the greatest improvement was seen with spinosad. Only spinosad consistently reduced damage to ears, which was caused by both pest species. In general, efficacy of the spray materials did not differ greatly between transgenic and nontransgenic corn. JF - Journal of insect science (Online) AU - Farrar, Robert R AU - Shepard, B Merle AU - Shapiro, Martin AU - Hassell, Richard L AU - Schaffer, Mark L AU - Smith, Chad M AD - USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Invasive Insect Biocontrol and Behavior Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA. robert.farrar@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 8 VL - 9 KW - Bacterial Proteins KW - 0 KW - Endotoxins KW - Hemolysin Proteins KW - Insecticides KW - insecticidal crystal protein, Bacillus Thuringiensis KW - Index Medicus KW - Pest Control, Biological -- standards KW - Endotoxins -- metabolism KW - Animals KW - Pest Control, Biological -- methods KW - Larva KW - Bacterial Proteins -- metabolism KW - Hemolysin Proteins -- metabolism KW - Plants, Genetically Modified -- parasitology KW - Zea mays -- parasitology KW - Moths KW - Zea mays -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67505120?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+insect+science+%28Online%29&rft.atitle=Supplemental+control+of+lepidopterous+pests+on+Bt+transgenic+sweet+corn+with+biologically-based+spray+treatments.&rft.au=Farrar%2C+Robert+R%3BShepard%2C+B+Merle%3BShapiro%2C+Martin%3BHassell%2C+Richard+L%3BSchaffer%2C+Mark+L%3BSmith%2C+Chad+M&rft.aulast=Farrar&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=&rft.spage=8&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+insect+science+%28Online%29&rft.issn=1536-2442&rft_id=info:doi/10.1673%2F031.009.0801 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-08-26 N1 - Date created - 2009-07-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Econ Entomol. 1999 Feb;92(1):246-52 [10036986] J Econ Entomol. 2007 Apr;100(2):327-34 [17461054] J Econ Entomol. 2006 Dec;99(6):2164-70 [17195689] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1673/031.009.0801 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Novel pink bollworm resistance to the Bt toxin Cry 1Ac: effects on mating, oviposition, larval development and survival. AN - 67501723; 19613847 AB - Bt cotton plants are genetically engineered to produce insecticidal toxins from the Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) Berliner (Bacillales: Bacillaceae) bacterium and target key lepidopteran pests. In all previous strains of pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) selected in the laboratory for resistance to insecticidal Cry1Ac toxin using an artificial diet containing the toxin, resistance to Cry1Ac and to Bt cotton is linked to three cadherin alleles (r1, r2, and r3). In contrast, the BG(4) pink bollworm strain was selected for resistance to Bt cotton by feeding larvae for four days in each of 42 generations on bolls of 'NuCOTN33B(R)' that expressed Cry1Ac toxin. After additional selection for eleven generations on Cry1Ac-incorporated diet, the susceptibility to Cry1Ac, fecundity, egg viability, and mating of this strain (Bt4R) was compared with the unselected Cry1Ac-susceptible parent strain. Some larvae of the Bt4R strain survived on diet containing >or= 10 microg Cry1Ac per milliliter artificial diet, but none survived on transgenic cotton bolls. In contrast to strains selected exclusively on Cry1Ac diet, some survival of progeny of reciprocal moth crosses of Bt4R resistant and Bt-susceptible strains occurred on Cry1Ac-treated diet, suggesting differences in levels of dominance. The Bt4R resistant strain does not have the r1, r2, or r3 mutant cadherin genes as do all previous strains of pink bollworm selected on Cry1Ac-treated artificial diet. The combined results suggest a mechanism of resistance to Cry1Ac that is different from previously described cadherin mutations. JF - Journal of insect science (Online) AU - Fabrick, J A AU - Forlow Jech, L AU - Henneberry, T J AD - USDA-ARS, Arid Land Agricultural Research Center, Maricopa, AZ 85238, USA. Jeff.Fabrick@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 24 VL - 9 KW - Bacterial Proteins KW - 0 KW - Cadherins KW - Endotoxins KW - Hemolysin Proteins KW - insecticidal crystal protein, Bacillus Thuringiensis KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Alleles KW - Breeding KW - Plants, Genetically Modified KW - Cadherins -- genetics KW - Male KW - Larva -- drug effects KW - Female KW - Survival Analysis KW - Sexual Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Moths -- drug effects KW - Bacterial Proteins -- toxicity KW - Moths -- growth & development KW - Insecticide Resistance -- genetics KW - Moths -- physiology KW - Hemolysin Proteins -- toxicity KW - Oviposition -- drug effects KW - Endotoxins -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67501723?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+insect+science+%28Online%29&rft.atitle=Novel+pink+bollworm+resistance+to+the+Bt+toxin+Cry+1Ac%3A+effects+on+mating%2C+oviposition%2C+larval+development+and+survival.&rft.au=Fabrick%2C+J+A%3BForlow+Jech%2C+L%3BHenneberry%2C+T+J&rft.aulast=Fabrick&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=&rft.spage=24&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+insect+science+%28Online%29&rft.issn=1536-2442&rft_id=info:doi/10.1673%2F031.009.2401 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-08-26 N1 - Date created - 2009-07-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Econ Entomol. 2000 Dec;93(6):1580-7 [11142284] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2008 Jan;74(2):462-9 [18024681] J Econ Entomol. 2001 Aug;94(4):935-41 [11561855] Annu Rev Entomol. 2002;47:501-33 [11729083] J Econ Entomol. 2001 Dec;94(6):1571-6 [11777066] J Econ Entomol. 2002 Jun;95(3):614-21 [12076009] J Econ Entomol. 2002 Oct;95(5):1018-26 [12403429] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Apr 29;100(9):5004-9 [12695565] J Econ Entomol. 2003 Aug;96(4):1031-8 [14503572] J Econ Entomol. 2003 Aug;96(4):1290-9 [14503603] Proc Biol Sci. 2003 Nov 7;270(1530):2263-70 [14613613] J Econ Entomol. 2004 Jun;97(3):721-6 [15279243] J Am Mosq Control Assoc. 1987 Jun;3(2):302-3 [3333059] Insect Biochem Mol Biol. 2004 Nov;34(11):1225-33 [15522618] J Econ Entomol. 2005 Jun;98(3):635-44 [16022286] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Oct 25;102(43):15389-93 [16227430] J Econ Entomol. 2006 Oct;99(5):1525-30 [17066779] J Econ Entomol. 2006 Dec;99(6):1925-35 [17195656] J Econ Entomol. 2001 Feb;94(1):248-52 [11233121] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1673/031.009.2401 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A single substitution in amino acid 184 of the NP protein alters the replication and pathogenicity of H5N1 avian influenza viruses in chickens. AN - 67328104; 19475480 AB - Changes in the NP gene of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses have previously been shown to affect viral replication, alter host gene expression levels and affect mean death times in infected chickens. Five amino acids at positions 22, 184, 400, 406, and 423 were different between the two recombinant viruses studied. In this study, we individually mutated the five amino acids that differed and determined that the difference in virus pathogenicity after NP gene exchange was a result of an alanine to lysine change at position 184 of the NP protein. Infection with viruses containing a lysine at NP 184 induced earlier mortality in chickens, increased virus titers and nitric oxide levels in tissues, and resulted in up-regulated host immune genes, such as alpha-interferon (IFN-alpha), gamma-interferon (IFN-gamma), orthomyxovirus resistance gene 1 (Mx1), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). This study underlines the importance of the NP in avian influenza virus replication and pathogenicity. JF - Archives of virology AU - Wasilenko, Jamie L AU - Sarmento, Luciana AU - Pantin-Jackwood, Mary J AD - Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, 934 College Station Road, Athens, GA 30605, USA. Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 969 EP - 979 VL - 154 IS - 6 KW - Cytokines KW - 0 KW - NP protein, Influenza A virus KW - RNA-Binding Proteins KW - Viral Core Proteins KW - Index Medicus KW - Virulence KW - Mutagenesis, Site-Directed KW - Animals KW - Influenza in Birds -- pathology KW - Chickens KW - Cytokines -- biosynthesis KW - Chick Embryo KW - Influenza in Birds -- virology KW - Survival Analysis KW - Virus Replication KW - Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype -- genetics KW - Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype -- physiology KW - RNA-Binding Proteins -- genetics KW - Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype -- pathogenicity KW - Amino Acid Substitution -- genetics KW - Viral Core Proteins -- genetics KW - Mutation, Missense UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67328104?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+virology&rft.atitle=A+single+substitution+in+amino+acid+184+of+the+NP+protein+alters+the+replication+and+pathogenicity+of+H5N1+avian+influenza+viruses+in+chickens.&rft.au=Wasilenko%2C+Jamie+L%3BSarmento%2C+Luciana%3BPantin-Jackwood%2C+Mary+J&rft.aulast=Wasilenko&rft.aufirst=Jamie&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=154&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=969&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+virology&rft.issn=1432-8798&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00705-009-0399-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-06-23 N1 - Date created - 2009-06-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00705-009-0399-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dietary selenium (Se) and copper (Cu) interact to affect homocysteine metabolism in rats. AN - 67286009; 19104759 AB - Previously, we reported that both Se deficiency and Cu deficiency decreased plasma homocysteine (pHcys) and increased plasma glutathione (pGSH) in rats. We also showed that the catalytic subunit of glutamate-cysteine ligase (Gclc), which catalyzes the rate-limiting step in glutathione biosynthesis, was upregulated in Se and Cu deficiencies. We suggested that in both deficiencies, Hcys was being shunted through the trans-sulfuration pathway as a result of this up-regulation. Because both Se and Cu deficiencies have similar effects, we hypothesized that a combined deficiency would exacerbate the decrease in pHcys and the increase in pGSH by further up-regulating Gclc. In a 2 x 2 experiment, male weanling Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 8-20/group) were fed an amino-acid-based diet containing either 0 or 0.2 microg Se (as selenite)/g and <1 or 6 microg Cu (as Cu carbonate)/g for 5 weeks. Our findings show that a combined deficiency of both Se and Cu results in lower pHcys and significantly elevated pGSH. However, the up-regulation of liver Gclc alone cannot explain why rats fed with the doubly deficient diet have the lowest pHcys and the highest pGSH. JF - Biological trace element research AU - Uthus, Eric O AU - Ross, Sharon AD - Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9034, USA. eric.uthus@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 213 EP - 220 VL - 129 IS - 1-3 KW - Copper KW - 789U1901C5 KW - S-Adenosylmethionine KW - 7LP2MPO46S KW - S-Adenosylhomocysteine KW - 979-92-0 KW - Glutathione KW - GAN16C9B8O KW - Selenium KW - H6241UJ22B KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Drug Interactions KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - S-Adenosylmethionine -- metabolism KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Glutathione -- blood KW - Liver -- chemistry KW - S-Adenosylmethionine -- chemistry KW - Male KW - Selenium -- deficiency KW - S-Adenosylhomocysteine -- chemistry KW - Animal Feed KW - S-Adenosylhomocysteine -- metabolism KW - Copper -- administration & dosage KW - Selenium -- pharmacology KW - Selenium -- administration & dosage KW - Copper -- pharmacology KW - Copper -- deficiency UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67286009?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biological+trace+element+research&rft.atitle=Dietary+selenium+%28Se%29+and+copper+%28Cu%29+interact+to+affect+homocysteine+metabolism+in+rats.&rft.au=Uthus%2C+Eric+O%3BRoss%2C+Sharon&rft.aulast=Uthus&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=129&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=213&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biological+trace+element+research&rft.issn=1559-0720&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12011-008-8295-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-07-16 N1 - Date created - 2009-05-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12011-008-8295-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Antifungal and insecticidal activity of two Juniperus essential oils. AN - 67134759; 19370889 AB - Essential oils of two Tibetan Junipers Juniperus saltuaria and J. squamata var. fargesii (Cupressaceae) were obtained by distilling dried leaves and branches using a Clevenger apparatus. Sixty-seven compounds from J. saltuaria and 58 from J. squamata var. fargesii were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Both essential oils contained similar ratios of four abundant monoterpenoids: 44 and 35% sabinene, 13 and 9% elemol, 8 and 7% terpinen-4-ol, and 4 and 17% alpha-pinene, respectively. These oils had antifungal activity based on a direct bioautography assay of Colletotrichum acutatum, C. fragariae, and C. gloeosporioides, and insecticidal activity based on serial-time mortality bioassay of azalea lace bugs, Stephanitis pyrioides. Antifungal activity of Juniperus oils was weak when compared with commercial fungicides such as benomyl and captan. Whole Juniperus oils at quarter the dosage used against Colletotrichum species were more insecticidal than 10 mg/mL malathion, killing > or =70-90% adult lace bugs after 4 hours of exposure. Rf values of 0.18 for J. saltuaria oil and 0.19 for J. squamata oil indicated lipophilic monoterpenes which were the putative sources of biological activity. JF - Natural product communications AU - Wedge, David E AU - Tabanca, Nurhayat AU - Sampson, Blair J AU - Werle, Christopher AU - Demirci, Betul AU - Baser, K Husnu Can AU - Nan, Peng AU - Duan, Jia AU - Liu, Zhijun AD - USDA-ARS-NPURU, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA. dwedge@olemiss.edu Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - January 2009 SP - 123 EP - 127 VL - 4 IS - 1 SN - 1934-578X, 1934-578X KW - Antifungal Agents KW - 0 KW - Insecticides KW - Oils, Volatile KW - Plant Oils KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Hemiptera -- drug effects KW - Juniperus -- chemistry KW - Antifungal Agents -- pharmacology KW - Oils, Volatile -- pharmacology KW - Plant Oils -- pharmacology KW - Antifungal Agents -- chemistry KW - Plant Oils -- chemistry KW - Oils, Volatile -- chemistry KW - Insecticides -- chemistry KW - Insecticides -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67134759?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Natural+product+communications&rft.atitle=Antifungal+and+insecticidal+activity+of+two+Juniperus+essential+oils.&rft.au=Wedge%2C+David+E%3BTabanca%2C+Nurhayat%3BSampson%2C+Blair+J%3BWerle%2C+Christopher%3BDemirci%2C+Betul%3BBaser%2C+K+Husnu+Can%3BNan%2C+Peng%3BDuan%2C+Jia%3BLiu%2C+Zhijun&rft.aulast=Wedge&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=123&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Natural+product+communications&rft.issn=1934578X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-06-12 N1 - Date created - 2009-04-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The use of flagella and motility for plant colonization and fitness by different strains of the foodborne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes. AN - 67120292; 19357783 AB - The role of flagella and motility in the attachment of the foodborne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes to various surfaces is mixed with some systems requiring flagella for an interaction and others needing only motility for cells to get to the surface. In nature this bacterium is a saprophyte and contaminated produce is an avenue for infection. Previous studies have documented the ability of this organism to attach to and colonize plant tissue. Motility mutants were generated in three wild type strains of L. monocytogenes by deleting either flaA, the gene encoding flagellin, or motAB, genes encoding part of the flagellar motor, and tested for both the ability to colonize sprouts and for the fitness of that colonization. The motAB mutants were not affected in the colonization of alfalfa, radish, and broccoli sprouts; however, some of the flaA mutants showed reduced colonization ability. The best colonizing wild type strain was reduced in colonization on all three sprout types as a result of a flaA deletion. A mutant in another background was only affected on alfalfa. The third, a poor alfalfa colonizer was not affected in colonization ability by any of the deletions. Fitness of colonization was measured in experiments of competition between mixtures of mutant and parent strains on sprouts. Here the flaA and motAB mutants of the three strain backgrounds were impaired in fitness of colonization of alfalfa and radish sprouts, and one strain background showed reduced fitness of both mutant types on broccoli sprouts. Together these data indicate a role for flagella for some strains to physically colonize some plants, while the fitness of that colonization is positively affected by motility in almost all cases. JF - PloS one AU - Gorski, Lisa AU - Duhé, Jessica M AU - Flaherty, Denise AD - US Department of Agriculture, Produce Safety and Microbiology Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, Albany, California, United States of America. lisa.gorski@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 1 VL - 4 IS - 4 KW - Bacterial Proteins KW - 0 KW - MotA protein, Bacteria KW - MotB protein, Bacteria KW - Flagellin KW - 12777-81-0 KW - flaA protein, bacteria KW - 133606-66-3 KW - Index Medicus KW - Mutagenesis, Site-Directed KW - Infant KW - Crops, Agricultural -- microbiology KW - Bacterial Proteins -- genetics KW - Flagellin -- genetics KW - Humans KW - Genetic Complementation Test KW - Aged KW - Sequence Analysis, DNA KW - Selection, Genetic KW - Flagellin -- metabolism KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Listeria monocytogenes -- cytology KW - Raphanus -- microbiology KW - Medicago sativa -- microbiology KW - Listeria monocytogenes -- pathogenicity KW - Listeria monocytogenes -- genetics KW - Food Microbiology KW - Cell Movement -- physiology KW - Brassica -- microbiology KW - Flagella -- genetics KW - Flagella -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67120292?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PloS+one&rft.atitle=The+use+of+flagella+and+motility+for+plant+colonization+and+fitness+by+different+strains+of+the+foodborne+pathogen+Listeria+monocytogenes.&rft.au=Gorski%2C+Lisa%3BDuh%C3%A9%2C+Jessica+M%3BFlaherty%2C+Denise&rft.aulast=Gorski&rft.aufirst=Lisa&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=e5142&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=PloS+one&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0005142 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-10-27 N1 - Date created - 2009-04-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Bacteriol. 2004 Oct;186(20):6721-7 [15466023] Infect Immun. 2004 Jun;72(6):3237-44 [15155625] N Engl J Med. 1983 Jan 27;308(4):203-6 [6401354] J Bacteriol. 1987 Jun;169(6):2769-73 [3294806] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1989 Aug;55(8):1925-7 [2506809] N Engl J Med. 1990 Feb 1;322(5):338 [2296279] Gene. 1991 Jun 15;102(1):99-104 [1864514] Mol Microbiol. 1992 Oct;6(20):2919-29 [1479884] J Clin Microbiol. 1994 Dec;32(12):2929-35 [7883879] Infect Immun. 1995 Oct;63(10):3896-903 [7558297] Biotechniques. 1995 Nov;19(5):720-2, 724-5 [8588903] Microbiology. 1998 Jan;144 ( Pt 1):109-18 [9467903] Mol Plant Microbe Interact. 1998 Aug;11(8):763-71 [9675892] Curr Opin Plant Biol. 1999 Aug;2(4):320-6 [10458994] Emerg Infect Dis. 1999 Sep-Oct;5(5):607-25 [10511517] J Food Prot. 2004 Nov;67(11):2488-95 [15553632] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2006 May;72(5):3429-34 [16672487] Infect Immun. 2006 Dec;74(12):6675-81 [16982842] J Bacteriol. 2007 Jun;189(12):4418-24 [17416647] J Bacteriol. 2007 Nov;189(22):8005-14 [17766409] ISME J. 2007 Nov;1(7):620-31 [18043669] J Bacteriol. 2008 Sep;190(17):6030-4 [18586947] J Food Prot. 2008 Aug;71(8):1556-62 [18724748] ISME J. 2009 Feb;3(2):261-5 [18830276] FEMS Microbiol Rev. 2000 Jan;24(1):21-44 [10640597] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2000 Feb;66(2):860-3 [10653766] Mol Plant Microbe Interact. 2000 Dec;13(12):1340-5 [11106026] Clin Microbiol Rev. 2001 Jul;14(3):584-640 [11432815] Science. 2001 Oct 26;294(5543):849-52 [11679669] Annu Rev Phytopathol. 2001;39:461-90 [11701873] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2003 Jan;69(1):258-66 [12514003] J Food Prot. 2003 Feb;66(2):182-7 [12597474] Nucleic Acids Res. 2004;32(8):2386-95 [15115801] Annu Rev Microbiol. 2004;58:587-610 [15487949] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0005142 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular characterization of a foot-and-mouth disease virus containing a 57-nucleotide insertion in the 3'untranslated region. AN - 67112550; 19288053 AB - A foot-and-mouth disease virus containing a 57-nucleotide (nt) insertion in the 3'untranslated region (3'UTR) was generated by transposon (tn)-mediated mutagenesis. Characterization of the mutant virus (A24-3'UTR8110) revealed no significant differences in virus growth, translation efficiency or virulence in cattle compared to the A24 wild-type virus. RNA modeling showed that the structures predicted in the 3'UTR were not affected by the tn insertion. These results revealed that the 3'UTR can tolerate foreign sequences that do not disrupt essential signals required for virus replication. JF - Archives of virology AU - Piccone, M E AU - Pauszek, S AU - Pacheco, J AU - Rieder, E AU - Kramer, E AU - Rodriguez, L L AD - Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, USDA/ARS/NAA, Greenport, NY, 11944-0848, USA. maria.piccone@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 671 EP - 676 VL - 154 IS - 4 KW - 3' Untranslated Regions KW - 0 KW - DNA Transposable Elements KW - RNA, Viral KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cattle KW - Foot-and-Mouth Disease -- virology KW - Cattle Diseases -- virology KW - Models, Molecular KW - RNA, Viral -- genetics KW - Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus -- genetics KW - Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus -- pathogenicity KW - Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus -- growth & development KW - Mutagenesis, Insertional UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67112550?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+virology&rft.atitle=Molecular+characterization+of+a+foot-and-mouth+disease+virus+containing+a+57-nucleotide+insertion+in+the+3%27untranslated+region.&rft.au=Piccone%2C+M+E%3BPauszek%2C+S%3BPacheco%2C+J%3BRieder%2C+E%3BKramer%2C+E%3BRodriguez%2C+L+L&rft.aulast=Piccone&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=154&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=671&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+virology&rft.issn=1432-8798&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00705-009-0332-x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-04-23 N1 - Date created - 2009-04-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00705-009-0332-x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Epitope characterization and variable region sequence of f1-40, a high-affinity monoclonal antibody to botulinum neurotoxin type a (Hall strain). AN - 67045896; 19290051 AB - Botulism, an often fatal neuroparalytic disease, is caused by botulinum neurotoxins (BoNT) which consist of a family of seven serotypes (A-H) produced by the anaerobic bacterium Clostridium botulinum. BoNT, considered the most potent biological toxin known, is a 150 kDa protein consisting of a 100 kDa heavy-chain (Hc) and a 50 kDa light-chain (Lc). F1-40 is a mouse-derived, IgG1 monoclonal antibody that binds the light chain of BoNT serotype A (BoNT/A) and is used in a sensitive immunoassay for toxin detection. We report the fine epitope mapping of F1-40 and the deduced amino acid sequence of the variable regions of the heavy and light chains of the antibody. To characterize the binding epitope of F1-40, three complementary experimental approaches were selected. Firstly, recombinant peptide fragments of BoNT/A light-chain were used in Western blots to identify the epitope domains. Secondly, a peptide phage-display library was used to identify the specific amino acid sequences. Thirdly, the three-dimensional structure of BoNT/A was examined in silico, and the amino acid sequences determined from the phage-display studies were mapped onto the three-dimensional structure in order to visualize the epitope. F1-40 was found to bind a peptide fragment of BoNT/A, designated L1-3, which spans from T125 to L200. The motif QPDRS was identified by phage-display, and was mapped to a region within L1-3. When the three amino acids Q138, P139 and D140 were all mutated to glycine, binding of F1-40 to the recombinant BoNT/A light chain peptide was abolished. Q-138, P-139 and D-140 form a loop on the external surface of BoNT/A, exposed to solvent and accessible to F1-40 binding. The epitope of F1-40 was localized to a single exposed loop (ss4, ss5) on the Lc of BoNT. Furthermore amino acids Q138, P139 and D140 forming the tip of the loop appear critical for binding. JF - PloS one AU - Scotcher, Miles C AU - McGarvey, Jeffery A AU - Johnson, Eric A AU - Stanker, Larry H AD - United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Western Regional Research Center, Albany, California, United States of America. Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 1 VL - 4 IS - 3 KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal KW - 0 KW - DNA Primers KW - Epitopes KW - Recombinant Fusion Proteins KW - Botulinum Toxins, Type A KW - EC 3.4.24.69 KW - Index Medicus KW - Blotting, Western KW - Base Sequence KW - Models, Molecular KW - Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel KW - Recombinant Fusion Proteins -- isolation & purification KW - Recombinant Fusion Proteins -- genetics KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Plasmids KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal -- genetics KW - Epitopes -- chemistry KW - Botulinum Toxins, Type A -- immunology KW - Antibody Affinity KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal -- chemistry KW - Epitopes -- immunology KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67045896?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PloS+one&rft.atitle=Epitope+characterization+and+variable+region+sequence+of+f1-40%2C+a+high-affinity+monoclonal+antibody+to+botulinum+neurotoxin+type+a+%28Hall+strain%29.&rft.au=Scotcher%2C+Miles+C%3BMcGarvey%2C+Jeffery+A%3BJohnson%2C+Eric+A%3BStanker%2C+Larry+H&rft.aulast=Scotcher&rft.aufirst=Miles&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=e4924&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=PloS+one&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0004924 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-05-28 N1 - Date created - 2009-03-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Nat Struct Biol. 2000 Aug;7(8):693-9 [10932256] JAMA. 2001 Feb 28;285(8):1059-70 [11209178] PLoS One. 2008;3(8):e3023 [18714390] J Immunol Methods. 2008 Jul 20;336(1):1-8 [18452945] Vaccine. 2008 Feb 26;26(9):1263-9 [18241959] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2001 Jul;67(7):3201-7 [11425742] Curr Pharm Biotechnol. 2001 Sep;2(3):217-23 [11530876] Infect Immun. 2001 Oct;69(10):6511-4 [11553596] Biochemistry. 2004 Jun 1;43(21):6637-44 [15157097] Protein Eng Des Sel. 2004 May;17(5):463-72 [15310840] Microbiol Rev. 1982 Mar;46(1):86-94 [6806598] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Aug;81(15):4756-60 [6431410] Clin Microbiol Rev. 1990 Jan;3(1):66-98 [2404569] Trends Biochem Sci. 1993 Sep;18(9):324-7 [7901925] Gene. 1994 Nov 18;149(2):385-6 [7959026] Mol Microbiol. 1994 Jul;13(1):1-8 [7527117] Gene. 1995 Jun 9;158(2):311-2 [7607562] Mol Microbiol. 1996 May;20(4):685-92 [8793867] Trends Biochem Sci. 1996 Oct;21(10):400-1 [8918196] JAMA. 1997 Aug 6;278(5):418-24 [9244334] Nat Struct Biol. 1998 Oct;5(10):898-902 [9783750] Muscle Nerve Suppl. 1997;6:S146-68 [9826987] Science. 1959 Sep 25;130(3378):763-72 [14413547] J Food Prot. 2005 Jun;68(6):1256-63 [15954719] Biochemistry. 2005 Jul 19;44(28):9574-80 [16008342] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Jul 12;102(28):9984-9 [15985558] Infect Immun. 2005 Sep;73(9):5450-7 [16113261] Biochemistry. 2005 Sep 6;44(35):11758-65 [16128577] Clin Infect Dis. 2005 Oct 15;41(8):1167-73 [16163636] Biochemistry. 2006 Mar 14;45(10):3255-62 [16519520] Clin Microbiol Rev. 2006 Apr;19(2):298-314 [16614251] J Mol Biol. 2007 Jan 5;365(1):196-210 [17059824] FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol. 2007 Apr;49(3):346-52 [17378898] MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2007 Aug 3;56(30):767-9 [17673898] J Immunol Methods. 2007 Aug 31;325(1-2):1-8 [17658545] Mol Immunol. 2008 Feb;45(4):910-24 [17897717] Erratum In: PLoS One. 2009;4(10). doi: 10.1371/annotation/6359a6c2-90f8-4f7e-ad86-5bac5d62a7fe PLoS One. 2009;4(11). doi: 10.1371/annotation/6359a6c2-90f8-4f7e-ad86-5bac5d62a7fe PLoS One. 2009;4(10). doi: 10.1371/annotation/8d83a0a4-4dd0-4c57-ad94-304130f565e6 PLoS One. 2009;4(10). doi: 10.1371/annotation/47f9bc3f-7c79-453c-85e3-588bc3056951 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0004924 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of sprayer configuration on efficacy for the control of scab on crabapple using electron beam analysis. AN - 66966856; 19172634 AB - Foliar diseases like apple scab result in significant economic losses to growers each year. Assessment in past studies involved only macroscopic disease ratings. More complete knowledge of the fate and behavior of fungicide has been needed to reduce pesticide use with less off-target contamination. Field studies were conducted in a production nursery for over 4 years. A moderately susceptible cultivar of ornamental crabapple, Malus spp. cv "Candied Apple", was sprayed with a fungicide using two sprayer/nozzle configurations. The fungicide used in this study was Mankocide, combination of Cu(OH)2 and mancozeb that permitted electron beam analysis (EBA) identification based on the presence of Cu, MN and Zn in the molecule and formulation. EBA was conducted using a cold field emission scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray microanalyzer. Fresh leaf samples were placed on sticky stubs after each fungicide treatment. The presence or absence of fungal conidia and fungicide residue were measured. EBA permitted direct visualization and identification of the pathogens, morphologically, and chemical characterization of fungicide present. EBA was useful to quantify disease control related to fungicide coverage, sprayer configuration and treatment efficacy. JF - Scanning AU - Krause, Charles R AU - Derksen, Richard C AU - Horst, Leona E AU - Zhu, Heping AU - Zondag, Randall AD - USDA, ARS, Application Technology Research Unit, Wooster, Ohio 44691, USA. charles.krause@ars.usda.gov PY - 2009 SP - 24 EP - 27 VL - 31 IS - 1 SN - 0161-0457, 0161-0457 KW - Fungicides, Industrial KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Plant Leaves -- ultrastructure KW - X-Rays KW - Pest Control KW - Plant Leaves -- microbiology KW - Malus -- microbiology KW - Plant Diseases -- microbiology KW - Ascomycota -- drug effects KW - Microscopy, Electron, Scanning -- methods KW - Fungicides, Industrial -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66966856?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Scanning&rft.atitle=Effects+of+sprayer+configuration+on+efficacy+for+the+control+of+scab+on+crabapple+using+electron+beam+analysis.&rft.au=Krause%2C+Charles+R%3BDerksen%2C+Richard+C%3BHorst%2C+Leona+E%3BZhu%2C+Heping%3BZondag%2C+Randall&rft.aulast=Krause&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=24&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Scanning&rft.issn=01610457&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fsca.20138 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-04-14 N1 - Date created - 2009-02-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sca.20138 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effectiveness of 1,3-dibromo-5,5 dimethylhydantoin on reduction of Escherichia coli O157:H7- and Salmonella-inoculated fresh meat. AN - 66912110; 19205477 AB - 1,3-Dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (DBDMH; 25 degrees C) and hot water (85 degrees C) spray treatments were evaluated for efficacy in decontamination of pathogenic bacteria attached to beef carcass surfaces represented by cutaneous trunci (CT) muscle sections and beef hearts. Treatments were evaluated using two different systems, a commercial carcass wash cabinet and a model carcass washer. The effects were measured immediately after treatment and again after 48 h of storage at 4 degrees C. Section of CT and beef hearts were inoculated with bovine fecal solution containing approximately 6 log CFU/cm2 of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella. After DBDMH or hot water spray treatments, bacterial populations were enumerated immediately and after storage for 48 h at 4 degrees C. DBDMH treatments reduced aerobic plate counts, Enterobacteriaceae, E. coli O157: H7, and Salmonella by the same or slightly lower amounts relative to hot water treatment. DBDMH reduced aerobic plate counts and Enterobacteriaceae by 2.8 to 3.6 log CFU/cm2, E. coli O157:H7 by 1.6 to 2.1 log CFU/cm2, and Salmonella by 0.7 to 2.3 log CFU/cm2 on CT sections and beef hearts. Hot water treatment reduced aerobic plate counts and Enterobacteriaceae by 3.0 to 4.1 log CFU/cm2, E. coli O157:H7 by 1.8 to 2.3 log CFU/cm2, and Salmonella by 2.5 to 2.8 log CFU/cm2. After 48 h of storage, the reductions of organisms by DBDMH and hot water treatments were not different. This study demonstrated that DBDMH spray washing could be effective as an antimicrobial intervention for beef carcasses and variety meats. JF - Journal of food protection AU - Kalchayanand, Norasak AU - Arthur, Terrance M AU - Bosilevac, Joseph M AU - Brichta-Harhay, Dayna M AU - Guerini, Michael N AU - Shackelford, Steven D AU - Wheeler, Tommy L AU - Koohmaraie, Mohammad AD - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, Nebraska 68933-0166, USA. norasak.kalchayanand@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - January 2009 SP - 151 EP - 156 VL - 72 IS - 1 SN - 0362-028X, 0362-028X KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents KW - 0 KW - Hydantoins KW - 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin KW - V9R5F9I7MZ KW - Index Medicus KW - Food Contamination -- prevention & control KW - Animals KW - Cattle KW - Food Contamination -- analysis KW - Enterobacteriaceae -- growth & development KW - Temperature KW - Heart -- microbiology KW - Enterobacteriaceae -- drug effects KW - Colony Count, Microbial KW - Time Factors KW - Salmonella -- drug effects KW - Salmonella -- growth & development KW - Food Handling -- methods KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents -- pharmacology KW - Escherichia coli O157 -- drug effects KW - Meat -- microbiology KW - Escherichia coli O157 -- growth & development KW - Hydantoins -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66912110?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.atitle=Effectiveness+of+1%2C3-dibromo-5%2C5+dimethylhydantoin+on+reduction+of+Escherichia+coli+O157%3AH7-+and+Salmonella-inoculated+fresh+meat.&rft.au=Kalchayanand%2C+Norasak%3BArthur%2C+Terrance+M%3BBosilevac%2C+Joseph+M%3BBrichta-Harhay%2C+Dayna+M%3BGuerini%2C+Michael+N%3BShackelford%2C+Steven+D%3BWheeler%2C+Tommy+L%3BKoohmaraie%2C+Mohammad&rft.aulast=Kalchayanand&rft.aufirst=Norasak&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=151&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.issn=0362028X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-03-03 N1 - Date created - 2009-02-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Control of foodborne pathogens and soft-rot bacteria on bell pepper by three strains of bacterial antagonists. AN - 66911622; 19205468 AB - Forty-two representative strains of native bacteria associated with fresh peeled baby carrots were isolated and characterized. Two of these strains, identified as Pseudomonas fluorescens AG3A (Pf AG3A) and Bacillus YD1, were evaluated in conjunction with another known antagonist, P. fluorescens 2-79 (Pf 2-79), for their potential as biocontrol agents of human pathogens (Listeria monocytogenes, Yersinia enterocolitica, Salmonella enterica, and Escherichia coli O157:H7) and soft-rot bacteria (Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora, Pseudomonas marginalis, and Pseudomonas viridiflava). When grown on iron-deficient agar media, all three antagonists produced inhibition zones up to 25 mm in diameter against the growth of human pathogens and soft-rot bacteria. However, when grown on iron-rich agar media, only Pf 2-79 and Bacillus YD1 exhibited antimicrobial activity. Treatment of bell pepper disks with Pf 2-79 or Bacillus YD1 reduced the growth of pathogen by 1.4 to 4.1 log units, depending upon the ratio of the number of antagonist cells to pathogen cells (1:1, 10:1, 100:1, or 1,000:1). The greatest reduction was observed when 10- to 100-fold higher number of antagonists than pathogens was applied. Pf AG3A and Bacillus YD1 reduced the growth of pathogens on pepper disks at 20 degrees C but not at 10 degrees C. However, Pf 2-79 reduced the growth of L. monocytogenes and Y. enterocolitica by up to 4 log units at either 20 or 10 degrees C. Treatment of pepper disks with Pf 2-79 also reduced the incidence of soft rot induced by soft-rot bacteria by 40 to 70%. Pf 2-79 is the most effective of the three antagonists tested for control of spoilage bacteria and human pathogens on bell pepper. JF - Journal of food protection AU - Liao, Ching-Hsing AD - Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Wyndmoor, Pennsylvania 19038, USA. chinghsing.liao@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - January 2009 SP - 85 EP - 92 VL - 72 IS - 1 SN - 0362-028X, 0362-028X KW - Index Medicus KW - Salmonella enterica -- growth & development KW - Yersinia enterocolitica -- growth & development KW - Food Contamination -- analysis KW - Food Handling -- methods KW - Pest Control, Biological KW - Food Contamination -- prevention & control KW - Food Microbiology KW - Daucus carota -- microbiology KW - Listeria monocytogenes -- growth & development KW - Pectobacterium carotovorum -- growth & development KW - Colony Count, Microbial KW - Escherichia coli O157 -- growth & development KW - Pseudomonas -- growth & development KW - Capsicum -- microbiology KW - Bacteria -- growth & development KW - Bacillus -- physiology KW - Antibiosis KW - Pseudomonas fluorescens -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66911622?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.atitle=Control+of+foodborne+pathogens+and+soft-rot+bacteria+on+bell+pepper+by+three+strains+of+bacterial+antagonists.&rft.au=Liao%2C+Ching-Hsing&rft.aulast=Liao&rft.aufirst=Ching-Hsing&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=85&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.issn=0362028X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-03-03 N1 - Date created - 2009-02-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prevalence of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli in market-weight turkeys on-farm and at slaughter. AN - 66909984; 19205462 AB - To monitor the effects of feed withdrawal on the prevalence of Campylobacter, market-weight turkeys from six farms were examined before and after perimarketing events (feed withdrawal, transport, and holding at the slaughterhouse). Prior to transport, birds (n = 30 per farm) were slaughtered on-farm, and viscera (crops, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, colon, ceca, gallbladder, and spleen) were removed on the premises. Within ca. 48 h, cohorts (n = 30 per farm) from the same flock were transported to a commercial abattoir, maintained in holding sheds, slaughtered, and the viscera were removed. No differences in the prevalence of Campylobacter spp. were evident when individual flocks were compared pre- and posttransport. However, when data for the six farms were combined, Campylobacter spp. were recovered (pre- versus posttransport) at comparable rates from the duodenum (74.7 versus 74.7%), ileum (87.3 versus 92.7%), ceca (64 versus 57%), colon (86.7 versus 80%), and spleen (0 versus 0%). After feed withdrawal, transport, and holding at the abattoir, there was an overall increase in Campylobacter spp. isolated from the gallbladder at the abattoir (14.7%) when compared with on-farm levels (0%, P < 0.05). When compared with on-farm levels (3%), the overall increase in Campylobacter spp. recovered from the crops of birds at the abattoir (24%) was significant (P < 0.05), which may be associated with a detectable decline in lactic acid in the emptied crop. JF - Journal of food protection AU - Wesley, Irene V AU - Rostagno, Marcos AU - Hurd, H Scott AU - Trampel, Darrell W AD - Pre-Harvest Food Safety and Enteric Diseases Unit, National Animal Disease Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Ames, Iowa 50010, USA. irene.wesley@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - January 2009 SP - 43 EP - 48 VL - 72 IS - 1 SN - 0362-028X, 0362-028X KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Transportation KW - Food Microbiology KW - Consumer Product Safety KW - Abattoirs KW - Crop, Avian -- chemistry KW - Colony Count, Microbial KW - Gastrointestinal Tract -- microbiology KW - Crop, Avian -- microbiology KW - Gallbladder -- microbiology KW - Prevalence KW - Turkeys -- microbiology KW - Campylobacter jejuni -- isolation & purification KW - Campylobacter Infections -- veterinary KW - Animal Husbandry -- methods KW - Campylobacter Infections -- microbiology KW - Poultry Diseases -- epidemiology KW - Food Contamination -- analysis KW - Poultry Diseases -- microbiology KW - Campylobacter Infections -- epidemiology KW - Campylobacter coli -- isolation & purification UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66909984?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.atitle=Prevalence+of+Campylobacter+jejuni+and+Campylobacter+coli+in+market-weight+turkeys+on-farm+and+at+slaughter.&rft.au=Wesley%2C+Irene+V%3BRostagno%2C+Marcos%3BHurd%2C+H+Scott%3BTrampel%2C+Darrell+W&rft.aulast=Wesley&rft.aufirst=Irene&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=43&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.issn=0362028X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-03-03 N1 - Date created - 2009-02-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phytotoxicity of constituents of glandular trichomes and the leaf surface of camphorweed, Heterotheca subaxillaris. AN - 66901013; 19054533 AB - Camphorweed, Heterotheca subaxillaris (Lam.) Britt. & Rusby, has a camphor-like odor, and its leaf surfaces contain glandular trichomes of the type shown to contain high levels of isoprenoids in other species. Borneol (1), the phytotoxic calamenene-type sesquiterpenes (2-5, 9-11), and methylated flavones (12-15) were isolated from the dichloromethane rinsate of camphorweed aerial tissues. The strongest plant growth inhibitor against Agrostis stolonifera and Lactuca sativa seedlings, as well as duckweed (Lemna pausicostata), was 2-methoxy-calamenene-14-carboxylic acid (2). Esterification of calamenene carboxylic acids decreased their biological activity. JF - Phytochemistry AU - Morimoto, Masanori AU - Cantrell, Charles L AU - Libous-Bailey, Lynn AU - Duke, Stephen O AD - USDA-ARS, Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, Box 8048, University, MS 38677, USA. masanori@nara.kindai.ac.jp Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - January 2009 SP - 69 EP - 74 VL - 70 IS - 1 SN - 0031-9422, 0031-9422 KW - Bornanes KW - 0 KW - Flavones KW - Herbicides KW - Sesquiterpenes KW - isoborneol KW - L88RA8N5EG KW - Index Medicus KW - Molecular Structure KW - Seedlings -- drug effects KW - Herbicides -- pharmacology KW - Herbicides -- chemistry KW - Lettuce -- drug effects KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Agrostis -- drug effects KW - Plant Leaves -- ultrastructure KW - Asteraceae -- ultrastructure KW - Bornanes -- pharmacology KW - Sesquiterpenes -- chemistry KW - Flavones -- pharmacology KW - Plant Leaves -- chemistry KW - Asteraceae -- chemistry KW - Sesquiterpenes -- pharmacology KW - Flavones -- chemistry KW - Bornanes -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66901013?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytochemistry&rft.atitle=Phytotoxicity+of+constituents+of+glandular+trichomes+and+the+leaf+surface+of+camphorweed%2C+Heterotheca+subaxillaris.&rft.au=Morimoto%2C+Masanori%3BCantrell%2C+Charles+L%3BLibous-Bailey%2C+Lynn%3BDuke%2C+Stephen+O&rft.aulast=Morimoto&rft.aufirst=Masanori&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=69&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytochemistry&rft.issn=00319422&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.phytochem.2008.09.026 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-05-13 N1 - Date created - 2009-02-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2008.09.026 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Isolongifolenone: a novel sesquiterpene repellent of ticks and mosquitoes. AN - 66892317; 19198523 AB - A naturally occurring sesquiterpene, isolongifolenone, derivatives of which have been used extensively as ingredients in the cosmetics industry, was discovered to effectively repel blood-feeding arthropods that are important disease vectors. We show that (-)-isolongifolenone deters the biting of the mosquitoes, Aedes aegypti (L.) and Anopheles stephensi Liston, more effectively than the widely used synthetic chemical repellent, N,N-diethyl-3-methyl benzamide (DEET), in laboratory bioassays. The compound also repelled blacklegged ticks, Ixodes scapularis Say, and lone star ticks, Amblyomma americanum (L.), as effectively as DEET. Isolongifolenone is easily synthesized from inexpensive turpentine oil feedstock. We are therefore confident that the compound has significant potential as an inexpensive and safe repellent for protection of large human populations against blood-feeding arthropods. JF - Journal of medical entomology AU - Zhang, Aijun AU - Klun, Jerome A AU - Wang, Shifa AU - Carroll, John F AU - Debboun, Mustapha AD - USDA-ARS, Invasive Insect Biocontrol and Behavior Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center-West, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA. aijun.zhang@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - January 2009 SP - 100 EP - 106 VL - 46 IS - 1 SN - 0022-2585, 0022-2585 KW - Insect Repellents KW - 0 KW - Sesquiterpenes KW - isolongifolenone KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Mosquito Control KW - Tick Control KW - Feeding Behavior -- drug effects KW - Nymph KW - Anopheles -- drug effects KW - Aedes -- drug effects KW - Sesquiterpenes -- chemistry KW - Insect Repellents -- chemistry KW - Sesquiterpenes -- pharmacology KW - Ixodes -- drug effects KW - Insect Repellents -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66892317?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+medical+entomology&rft.atitle=Isolongifolenone%3A+a+novel+sesquiterpene+repellent+of+ticks+and+mosquitoes.&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Aijun%3BKlun%2C+Jerome+A%3BWang%2C+Shifa%3BCarroll%2C+John+F%3BDebboun%2C+Mustapha&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Aijun&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=100&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+medical+entomology&rft.issn=00222585&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-03-06 N1 - Date created - 2009-02-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of rainfall exposure immediately after a single dip treatment with coumaphos on the control of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) on infested cattle. AN - 66889272; 19198522 AB - Efficacy of a single dip treatment in coumaphos at 0.182% active ingredient was determined against all parasitic stages of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Canestrini) on infested cattle exposed to various levels of rainfall immediately after treatment. One group of calves remained untreated with no exposure to rainfall to serve as a negative control. A second group of cattle treated with coumaphos, but not exposed to rainfall, acted as a positive treated control. Three additional groups of coumaphos-treated cattle were exposed to 14.3, 28.6, and 42.9 mm of rainfall, respectively. In the coumaphos-treated group not exposed to a rainfall, overall mean control (99.2%) was greater and mean female engorgement weight (200 mg), egg mass weight (43 mg), and index of fecundity (IF; 2.90) were all less than any group exposed to rainfall. Although exposure to the lowest level of rainfall (14.3 mm) resulted in substantially greater control (83.7%) with lower mean egg mass weight (65 mg) and IF (62.26) than ticks exposed to 28.6 or 42.9 mm of rainfall, differences were seldom significant (P > 0.05). This suggested that higher levels of rainfall exposure adversely impacted coumaphos efficacy somewhat more than lower levels of rainfall exposure. Control remained >97% against larval ticks regardless of rainfall exposure level; however, against nymphs or adults, dramatic declines in control occurred as a result of exposure to any rainfall. Thus, the movement of coumaphos treated cattle exposed to any level of rainfall would pose a high risk of dispersing viable ticks into uninfested areas. JF - Journal of medical entomology AU - Davey, Ronald B AU - Miller, J Allen AU - Miller, Robert J AU - George, John E AD - USDA-ARS, Southern Plains Area, Cattle Fever Tick Research Laboratory, Moore Air Base, Bldg. 6419, 22675 North Moorefield Rd., Edinburg, TX 78541, USA. Ronald.Davey@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - January 2009 SP - 93 EP - 99 VL - 46 IS - 1 SN - 0022-2585, 0022-2585 KW - Insecticides KW - 0 KW - Coumaphos KW - L08SZ5Z5JC KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cattle KW - Larva KW - Nymph KW - Tick Infestations -- drug therapy KW - Tick Infestations -- veterinary KW - Tick Infestations -- prevention & control KW - Insecticides -- therapeutic use KW - Insecticides -- administration & dosage KW - Coumaphos -- administration & dosage KW - Rhipicephalus KW - Cattle Diseases -- parasitology KW - Cattle Diseases -- drug therapy KW - Rain KW - Cattle Diseases -- prevention & control KW - Coumaphos -- therapeutic use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66889272?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+medical+entomology&rft.atitle=Effect+of+rainfall+exposure+immediately+after+a+single+dip+treatment+with+coumaphos+on+the+control+of+Rhipicephalus+%28Boophilus%29+microplus+%28Acari%3A+Ixodidae%29+on+infested+cattle.&rft.au=Davey%2C+Ronald+B%3BMiller%2C+J+Allen%3BMiller%2C+Robert+J%3BGeorge%2C+John+E&rft.aulast=Davey&rft.aufirst=Ronald&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+medical+entomology&rft.issn=00222585&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-03-06 N1 - Date created - 2009-02-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Image analysis of epicuticular damage to foliage caused by dry deposition of the air pollutant nitric acid. AN - 66816555; 19137141 AB - Nitric acid vapor is produced by the same photochemical processes that produce ozone. In the laboratory, concentrated nitric acid is a strong acid and a powerful oxidant. In the environment, where the concentrations are much lower, it is an innocuous source of plant nitrogen. As an air pollutant, which mode of action does dry deposition of nitric acid follow? We investigated the effects of dry deposition of nitric acid on the foliage of four tree species native to the western United States. A novel controlled environment, fumigation system enabled a four-week exposure at concentrations consistent with ambient diurnal patterns. Scanning electron microscopy and automated image analysis revealed changes in the epicuticular wax layer during fumigation. Exposure to nitric acid resulted in a reproducible suite of damage symptoms that increased with increasing dose. Each tree species tested exhibited a unique set of damage features, including cracks, lesions, and conformation changes to epicuticular crystallite structures. Dry deposition of atmospheric nitric acid caused substantial perturbation to the epicuticular surface of all four tree species investigated, consistent with the chemical oxidation of epicuticular waxes. Automated image analysis eliminated many biases that can trouble microscopy studies. Trade names and commercial enterprises or products are mentioned solely for information. No endorsements by the U.S. Department of Agriculture are implied. JF - Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM AU - Padgett, Pamela E AU - Parry, Sally D AU - Bytnerowicz, Andrzej AU - Heath, Robert L AD - Riverside Fire Laboratory, USDA Forest Service, Riverside, CA 92507. ppadgett@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - January 2009 SP - 63 EP - 74 VL - 11 IS - 1 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Nitric Acid KW - 411VRN1TV4 KW - Index Medicus KW - Environment, Controlled KW - Abies -- ultrastructure KW - Quercus -- ultrastructure KW - Pinus -- ultrastructure KW - Abies -- drug effects KW - Pinus -- drug effects KW - Image Processing, Computer-Assisted KW - Fumigation KW - Quercus -- drug effects KW - Microscopy, Electron, Scanning KW - Plant Leaves -- ultrastructure KW - Nitric Acid -- pharmacology KW - Plant Leaves -- drug effects KW - Air Pollutants -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66816555?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+environmental+monitoring+%3A+JEM&rft.atitle=Image+analysis+of+epicuticular+damage+to+foliage+caused+by+dry+deposition+of+the+air+pollutant+nitric+acid.&rft.au=Padgett%2C+Pamela+E%3BParry%2C+Sally+D%3BBytnerowicz%2C+Andrzej%3BHeath%2C+Robert+L&rft.aulast=Padgett&rft.aufirst=Pamela&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+environmental+monitoring+%3A+JEM&rft.issn=1464-0333&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fb804875d LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-02-25 N1 - Date created - 2009-01-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b804875d ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analytical solution describing pesticide volatilization from soil affected by a change in surface condition. AN - 66815485; 19141816 AB - An analytical solution describing the fate and transport of pesticides applied to soils has been developed. Two pesticide application methods can be simulated: point-source applications, such as idealized shank or a hot-gas injection method, and a more realistic shank-source application method that includes a vertical pesticide distribution in the soil domain due to a soil fracture caused by a shank. The solutions allow determination of the volatilization rate and other information that could be important for understanding fumigant movement and in the development of regulatory permitting conditions. The solutions can be used to characterize differences in emissions relative to changes in the soil degradation rate, surface barrier conditions, application depth, and soil packing. In some cases, simple algebraic expressions are provided that can be used to obtain the total emissions and total soil degradation. The solutions provide a consistent methodology for determining the total emissions and can be used with other information, such as field and laboratory experimental data, to support the development of fumigant regulations. The uses of the models are illustrated by several examples. JF - Journal of environmental quality AU - Yates, S R AD - USDA-ARS, U.S. Salinity Lab., Riverside, CA 92507, USA. scott.yates@ars.usda.gov PY - 2009 SP - 259 EP - 267 VL - 38 IS - 1 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Pesticides KW - 0 KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Index Medicus KW - Agriculture KW - Volatilization KW - Time Factors KW - Fumigation KW - Pesticides -- chemistry KW - Models, Chemical KW - Soil Pollutants -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66815485?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+environmental+quality&rft.atitle=Analytical+solution+describing+pesticide+volatilization+from+soil+affected+by+a+change+in+surface+condition.&rft.au=Yates%2C+S+R&rft.aulast=Yates&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=259&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+environmental+quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fjeq2008.0059 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-03-10 N1 - Date created - 2009-01-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2008.0059 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Foliar loading and metabolic assimilation of dry deposited nitric acid air pollutants by trees. AN - 66814792; 19137142 AB - Dry deposition of nitric acid vapor (HNO(3)) is a major contributor to eutrophication of natural ecosystems. Although soil fertilization by nitrogen deposition is considered to be the primary pathway for changes in plant nutrient status and shifts in ecological structure, the aerial portion of plants offer many times the surface area in which to collect atmospheric HNO(3). As much as 60% of deposited nitrogen may be retained in the canopy and not land on the soil surface below. Although uptake and assimilation appears to contribute to retention, only a small percentage of dry deposition is recovered in assimilated N pools. To test the importance of biological activity on the process and measurements of dry deposition, we used controlled environmental chambers to compare deposition to living and freeze-dried foliage of four tree species using (15)N-labeled HNO(3). In living trees, assimilation was determined by (15)N incorporation into free amino acids and proteins in leaves and roots. From 10% to 60% of the retained HNO(3) was incorporated into the biologically active nitrogen pool. The remainder was bound to foliar surfaces in an insoluble form in either living or freeze-dried foliage. The importance of the boundary layer conditions emerged as a primary factor controlling dry deposition characteristics and measurements.Trade names and commercial enterprises or products are mentioned solely for information. No endorsements by the U.S. Department of Agriculture are implied. JF - Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM AU - Padgett, Pamela E AU - Cook, Hillary AU - Bytnerowicz, Andrzej AU - Heath, Robert L AD - Riverside Fire Laboratory, USDA Forest Service, Riverside, CA 92507, USA. ppadgett@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - January 2009 SP - 75 EP - 84 VL - 11 IS - 1 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Nitrogen Isotopes KW - Nitric Acid KW - 411VRN1TV4 KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Plant Leaves -- metabolism KW - Abies -- metabolism KW - Environment, Controlled KW - Pinus -- metabolism KW - Volatilization KW - Quercus -- metabolism KW - Fumigation KW - Plant Roots -- metabolism KW - Nitric Acid -- metabolism KW - Air Pollutants -- metabolism KW - Trees -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66814792?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+environmental+monitoring+%3A+JEM&rft.atitle=Foliar+loading+and+metabolic+assimilation+of+dry+deposited+nitric+acid+air+pollutants+by+trees.&rft.au=Padgett%2C+Pamela+E%3BCook%2C+Hillary%3BBytnerowicz%2C+Andrzej%3BHeath%2C+Robert+L&rft.aulast=Padgett&rft.aufirst=Pamela&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+environmental+monitoring+%3A+JEM&rft.issn=1464-0333&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fb804338h LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-02-25 N1 - Date created - 2009-01-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b804338h ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carnosol delays chemotherapy-induced DNA fragmentation and morphological changes associated with apoptosis in leukemic cells. AN - 66785258; 19116879 AB - Carnosol, from the herb rosemary, has been shown to induce apoptotic cell death in high-risk pre-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). In the present study, carnosol was tested for its ability to sensitize leukemia cells to chemotherapeutic agents. Carnosol reduced the percentage of cell death in the pre-B ALL lines SEM, RS4;11, and REH when combined with cytarabine, methotrexate, or vincristine compared to the chemotherapeutic agents alone. Analysis of DNA strand breaks by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling showed that carnosol delayed DNA cleavage in the cells when combined with chemotherapeutic drugs. Co-treatment of the cells with carnosol and chemotherapeutic drugs did not reduce mitochondrial membrane depolarization compared to the drug treatment alone. Time course analysis of caspase-3 activation by flow cytometry showed co-treatment with carnosol and drugs increased the activation of caspase-3 above that observed for the chemotherapeutic drugs alone. A lower percentage of caspase-3 positive cells progressed to an apoptotic phenotype when co-treated with carnosol and the chemotherapeutic drugs compared to drugs alone. These data show that carnosol blocks the terminal apoptotic events induced by chemotherapeutic drugs and suggest that increased dietary intake of carnosol may potentially decrease the effectiveness of some standard chemotherapy treatments used for leukemia. JF - Nutrition and cancer AU - Zunino, Susan J AU - Storms, David H AD - United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Western Human Nutrition Research Center, University of California, Davis 95616, USA. susan.zunino@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 94 EP - 102 VL - 61 IS - 1 KW - Antineoplastic Agents KW - 0 KW - Diterpenes, Abietane KW - carnosol KW - 5957-80-2 KW - Caspase 3 KW - EC 3.4.22.- KW - Index Medicus KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Caspase 3 -- drug effects KW - Mitochondrial Membranes -- drug effects KW - Apoptosis -- drug effects KW - Cell Line, Tumor KW - Drug Synergism KW - Caspase 3 -- metabolism KW - Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma -- drug therapy KW - DNA Fragmentation -- drug effects KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic -- drug effects KW - Diterpenes, Abietane -- pharmacology KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- pharmacology KW - Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma -- pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66785258?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nutrition+and+cancer&rft.atitle=Carnosol+delays+chemotherapy-induced+DNA+fragmentation+and+morphological+changes+associated+with+apoptosis+in+leukemic+cells.&rft.au=Zunino%2C+Susan+J%3BStorms%2C+David+H&rft.aulast=Zunino&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=94&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nutrition+and+cancer&rft.issn=1532-7914&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F01635580802357360 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-04-28 N1 - Date created - 2008-12-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01635580802357360 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tea and health: preventive and therapeutic usefulness in the elderly? AN - 66734645; 19057186 AB - To update the growing literature suggesting that tea and its constituent flavonoids are inversely related to the risk of chronic diseases common among the elderly. Results are provided from recent observational studies and clinical trials on the relationship of tea and tea catechins to body weight control and energy metabolism, impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes, cardiovascular disease, bone mineral density, cognitive function and neurodegenerative disease, and cancer. The evidence for the efficacy and potency of tea and tea extracts in benefiting these outcomes ranges from compelling for cardiovascular disease to equivocal at best for some forms of cancer. Although randomized clinical trials of tea have generally been of short duration and with small sample sizes, together with experimental and epidemiological studies, the totality of the data suggests a role for tea in health promotion as a beverage absent in calories and rich in phytochemicals. Further research is warranted on the putative benefits of tea and the potential for synergy among its constituent flavonoids, L-theanine, and caffeine. JF - Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care AU - Bolling, Bradley W AU - Chen, Chung-Yen Oliver AU - Blumberg, Jeffrey B AD - Antioxidants Research Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, USA. Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - January 2009 SP - 42 EP - 48 VL - 12 IS - 1 KW - Tea KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Bone Density -- drug effects KW - Obesity -- prevention & control KW - Diabetes Mellitus -- prevention & control KW - Humans KW - Aged KW - Drug Synergism KW - Neoplasms -- prevention & control KW - Neurodegenerative Diseases -- prevention & control KW - Cardiovascular Diseases -- prevention & control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66734645?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+opinion+in+clinical+nutrition+and+metabolic+care&rft.atitle=Tea+and+health%3A+preventive+and+therapeutic+usefulness+in+the+elderly%3F&rft.au=Bolling%2C+Bradley+W%3BChen%2C+Chung-Yen+Oliver%3BBlumberg%2C+Jeffrey+B&rft.aulast=Bolling&rft.aufirst=Bradley&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=42&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+opinion+in+clinical+nutrition+and+metabolic+care&rft.issn=1473-6519&rft_id=info:doi/10.1097%2FMCO.0b013e32831b9c48 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-02-10 N1 - Date created - 2008-12-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MCO.0b013e32831b9c48 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Too much folate: a risk factor for cancer and cardiovascular disease? AN - 66734147; 19057184 AB - The intent of this evidence-based review is to analyze the role of folate in chronic diseases, focusing on cancer and cardiovascular disease. Low folate status has been shown to be a risk factor for cancer and cardiovascular disease. Although epidemiological data suggest an inverse association between folate status and disease risk, intervention studies give equivocal results, suggesting the response to folate intake does not follow a linear continuum. Moreover, recent folate intervention trials raise concern about possible adverse effects of folate supplementation and suggest that too much folate in inopportune settings may be potentially harmful in individuals at higher risk for cardiovascular disease and cancer. Although folate intake at sufficient levels appears to be an effective cancer chemopreventive strategy, high-dose supplementation of folate has generally not been effective in reducing recurrence of cardiovascular events or colorectal adenomas in clinical intervention trials. Although controversial, high folate status achieved through folate fortification or supplementation may increase the risk of certain chronic diseases among certain individuals, possibly by interfering with the homeostasis of one-carbon metabolism. Further research is urgently needed to accurately define the relationship between supraphysiological intake of folate and chronic diseases. JF - Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care AU - Sauer, Julia AU - Mason, Joel B AU - Choi, Sang-Woon AD - Vitamins and Carcinogenesis Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, USA. Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - January 2009 SP - 30 EP - 36 VL - 12 IS - 1 KW - Homocysteine KW - 0LVT1QZ0BA KW - Folic Acid KW - 935E97BOY8 KW - Index Medicus KW - Homocysteine -- blood KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Adenoma -- prevention & control KW - Adenoma -- chemically induced KW - Dietary Supplements KW - Chronic Disease KW - Epigenesis, Genetic KW - Colorectal Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Colorectal Neoplasms -- prevention & control KW - Folic Acid -- metabolism KW - Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Neoplasms -- prevention & control KW - Cardiovascular Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Folic Acid -- adverse effects KW - Folic Acid -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66734147?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+opinion+in+clinical+nutrition+and+metabolic+care&rft.atitle=Too+much+folate%3A+a+risk+factor+for+cancer+and+cardiovascular+disease%3F&rft.au=Sauer%2C+Julia%3BMason%2C+Joel+B%3BChoi%2C+Sang-Woon&rft.aulast=Sauer&rft.aufirst=Julia&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=30&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+opinion+in+clinical+nutrition+and+metabolic+care&rft.issn=1473-6519&rft_id=info:doi/10.1097%2FMCO.0b013e32831cec62 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-02-10 N1 - Date created - 2008-12-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-14 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Curr Drug Metab. 2005 Feb;6(1):37-46 [15720206] Cancer Res. 2000 Jun 15;60(12):3191-9 [10866310] Cancer Sci. 2005 Sep;96(9):535-42 [16128738] Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2005 Oct;15(5):490-5 [16098738] Am J Clin Nutr. 2005 Oct;82(4):806-12 [16210710] J Nutr. 2006 Jan;136(1):189-94 [16365081] Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2006 Feb;15(2):189-93 [16492904] Am J Clin Nutr. 2006 Apr;83(4):895-904 [16600944] N Engl J Med. 2006 Apr 13;354(15):1578-88 [16531614] Int J Cancer. 2006 Sep 15;119(6):1440-6 [16615116] Gut. 2006 Oct;55(10):1461-6 [16638790] Gastroenterology. 2006 Oct;131(4):1271-83 [17030196] JAMA. 2006 Dec 13;296(22):2720-6 [17164458] Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2007 Feb;16(2):327-33 [17301267] BMC Public Health. 2007;7:41 [17378936] Circulation. 2007 May 1;115(17):2262-70 [17420345] Lancet. 2007 Jun 2;369(9576):1876-82 [17544768] N Engl J Med. 2006 Apr 13;354(15):1567-77 [16531613] J Nutr. 2000 Feb;130(2):129-32 [10720158] JAMA. 2008 May 7;299(17):2027-36 [18460663] Cancer Res. 2000 Oct 1;60(19):5434-40 [11034085] Br J Cancer. 2000 Dec;83(11):1532-7 [11076664] Nutr Cancer. 2000;37(2):245-51 [11142099] Ann Epidemiol. 2001 Jan;11(1):65-72 [11164122] JAMA. 2001 Jun 20;285(23):2981-6 [11410096] J Nutr. 2002 Aug;132(8 Suppl):2350S-2355S [12163691] J Nutr. 2002 Aug;132(8 Suppl):2382S-2387S [12163697] J Nutr. 2002 Aug;132(8 Suppl):2406S-2409S [12163701] J Nutr. 2002 Aug;132(8 Suppl):2413S-2418S [12163703] Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2004 Apr;13(4):511-9 [15066913] Am J Epidemiol. 2004 Aug 1;160(3):248-58 [15257998] Nutr Rev. 2004 Jun;62(6 Pt 2):S35-9 [15298446] Oncogene. 2004 Aug 23;23(38):6349-64 [15322510] Biochem J. 1989 Jan 1;257(1):277-80 [2537625] Am J Gastroenterol. 1991 Aug;86(8):946-51 [1858758] Cancer Res. 1997 Mar 15;57(6):1098-102 [9067278] Circulation. 1998 Feb 10;97(5):437-43 [9490237] Circulation. 1998 Jul 21;98(3):204-10 [9697819] N Engl J Med. 1999 May 13;340(19):1449-54 [10320382] Int J Cancer. 2005 Feb 20;113(5):825-8 [15499620] Br J Nutr. 2005 Jan;93(1):31-5 [15705222] JAMA. 2007 Jun 6;297(21):2351-9 [17551129] J Nutr. 2007 Jul;137(7):1713-7 [17585020] Am J Clin Nutr. 2007 Jul;86(1):159-66 [17616776] Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2007 Jul;16(7):1325-9 [17626997] Am J Clin Nutr. 2007 Aug;86(2):434-43 [17684216] Br J Nutr. 2007 Sep;98(3):490-6 [17419891] J Nutr. 2007 Sep;137(9):2114-20 [17709451] Nutrition. 2008 Jan;24(1):94-9 [18065205] Mutat Res. 2008 Jan 1;637(1-2):16-22 [17681554] Gastroenterology. 2008 Jan;134(1):29-38 [18022173] Br J Nutr. 2008 Apr;99(4):703-8 [17868486] Am J Clin Nutr. 2008 Mar;87(3):734-43 [18326613] Am J Clin Nutr. 2005 Aug;82(2):442-50 [16087991] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-19 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MCO.0b013e32831cec62 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain for improved xylose utilization with a three-plasmid SUMO yeast expression system. AN - 66729713; 18831987 AB - A three-plasmid yeast expression system utilizing the portable small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) vector set combined with the efficient endogenous yeast protease Ulp1 was developed for production of large amounts of soluble functional protein in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Each vector has a different selectable marker (URA, TRP, or LEU), and the system provides high expression levels of three different proteins simultaneously. This system was integrated into the protocols on a fully automated plasmid-based robotic platform to screen engineered strains of S. cerevisiae for improved growth on xylose. First, a novel PCR assembly strategy was used to clone a xylose isomerase (XI) gene into the URA-selectable SUMO vector and the plasmid was placed into the S. cerevisiae INVSc1 strain to give the strain designated INVSc1-XI. Second, amino acid scanning mutagenesis was used to generate a library of mutagenized genes encoding the bioinsecticidal peptide lycotoxin-1 (Lyt-1) and the library was cloned into the TRP-selectable SUMO vector and placed into INVSc1-XI to give the strain designated INVSc1-XI-Lyt-1. Third, the Yersinia pestis xylulokinase gene was cloned into the LEU-selectable SUMO vector and placed into the INVSc1-XI-Lyt-1 yeast. Yeast strains expressing XI and xylulokinase with or without Lyt-1 showed improved growth on xylose compared to INVSc1-XI yeast. JF - Plasmid AU - Hughes, Stephen R AU - Sterner, David E AU - Bischoff, Kenneth M AU - Hector, Ronald E AU - Dowd, Patrick F AU - Qureshi, Nasib AU - Bang, Sookie S AU - Grynaviski, Nicole AU - Chakrabarty, Tania AU - Johnson, Eric T AU - Dien, Bruce S AU - Mertens, Jeffrey A AU - Caughey, Robert J AU - Liu, Siqing AU - Butt, Tauseef R AU - LaBaer, Joshua AU - Cotta, Michael A AU - Rich, Joseph O AD - United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service (ARS), National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research (NCAUR), Peoria, IL 61604, USA. Stephen.Hughes@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - January 2009 SP - 22 EP - 38 VL - 61 IS - 1 KW - Small Ubiquitin-Related Modifier Proteins KW - 0 KW - Spider Venoms KW - lycotoxin I KW - Xylose KW - A1TA934AKO KW - Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) KW - EC 2.7.1.- KW - xylulokinase KW - EC 2.7.1.17 KW - Aldose-Ketose Isomerases KW - EC 5.3.1.- KW - xylose isomerase KW - EC 5.3.1.5 KW - Index Medicus KW - Microscopy, Electron, Transmission KW - Transformation, Genetic KW - Genetic Vectors KW - Mutation KW - Microscopy, Electron, Scanning KW - Cloning, Molecular KW - Small Ubiquitin-Related Modifier Proteins -- genetics KW - Aldose-Ketose Isomerases -- genetics KW - Spider Venoms -- metabolism KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae -- ultrastructure KW - Aldose-Ketose Isomerases -- metabolism KW - Plasmids -- genetics KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae -- growth & development KW - Xylose -- metabolism KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae -- genetics KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae -- metabolism KW - Small Ubiquitin-Related Modifier Proteins -- metabolism KW - Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) -- metabolism KW - Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) -- genetics KW - Spider Venoms -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66729713?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plasmid&rft.atitle=Engineered+Saccharomyces+cerevisiae+strain+for+improved+xylose+utilization+with+a+three-plasmid+SUMO+yeast+expression+system.&rft.au=Hughes%2C+Stephen+R%3BSterner%2C+David+E%3BBischoff%2C+Kenneth+M%3BHector%2C+Ronald+E%3BDowd%2C+Patrick+F%3BQureshi%2C+Nasib%3BBang%2C+Sookie+S%3BGrynaviski%2C+Nicole%3BChakrabarty%2C+Tania%3BJohnson%2C+Eric+T%3BDien%2C+Bruce+S%3BMertens%2C+Jeffrey+A%3BCaughey%2C+Robert+J%3BLiu%2C+Siqing%3BButt%2C+Tauseef+R%3BLaBaer%2C+Joshua%3BCotta%2C+Michael+A%3BRich%2C+Joseph+O&rft.aulast=Hughes&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=22&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plasmid&rft.issn=1095-9890&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.plasmid.2008.09.001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-08-20 N1 - Date created - 2008-11-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.plasmid.2008.09.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mitigation of two pyrethroid insecticides in a Mississippi Delta constructed wetland. AN - 66726274; 18789833 AB - Constructed wetlands are a suggested best management practice to help mitigate agricultural runoff before entering receiving aquatic ecosystems. A constructed wetland system (180 m x 30 m), comprising a sediment retention basin and two treatment cells, was used to determine the fate and transport of simulated runoff containing the pyrethroid insecticides lambda-cyhalothrin and cyfluthrin, as well as suspended sediment. Wetland water, sediment, and plant samples were collected spatially and temporally over 55 d. Results showed 49 and 76% of the study's measured lambda-cyhalothrin and cyfluthrin masses were associated with vegetation, respectively. Based on conservative effects concentrations for invertebrates and regression analyses of maximum observed wetland aqueous concentrations, a wetland length of 215 m x 30 m width would be required to adequately mitigate 1% pesticide runoff from a 14 ha contributing area. Results of this experiment can be used to model future design specifications for constructed wetland mitigation of pyrethroid insecticides. JF - Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) AU - Moore, M T AU - Cooper, C M AU - Smith, S AU - Cullum, R F AU - Knight, S S AU - Locke, M A AU - Bennett, E R AD - USDA Agricultural Research Service National Sedimentation Laboratory, Water Quality and Ecology Research Unit, PO Box 1157, 598 McElroy Drive, Oxford, MS 38655, USA. matt.moore@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - January 2009 SP - 250 EP - 256 VL - 157 IS - 1 KW - Insecticides KW - 0 KW - Nitriles KW - Pyrethrins KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - cyfluthrin KW - SCM2QLZ6S0 KW - cyhalothrin KW - V0V73PEB8M KW - Index Medicus KW - Pyrethrins -- analysis KW - Nitriles -- analysis KW - Water Movements KW - Mississippi KW - Wetlands KW - Rain KW - Agriculture KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Water Purification -- methods KW - Insecticides -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66726274?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+pollution+%28Barking%2C+Essex+%3A+1987%29&rft.atitle=Mitigation+of+two+pyrethroid+insecticides+in+a+Mississippi+Delta+constructed+wetland.&rft.au=Moore%2C+M+T%3BCooper%2C+C+M%3BSmith%2C+S%3BCullum%2C+R+F%3BKnight%2C+S+S%3BLocke%2C+M+A%3BBennett%2C+E+R&rft.aulast=Moore&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=157&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=250&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+pollution+%28Barking%2C+Essex+%3A+1987%29&rft.issn=1873-6424&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.envpol.2008.07.025 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-02-02 N1 - Date created - 2008-12-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2008.07.025 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The characterization of total and leachable metals in foundry molding sands. AN - 66720813; 18194836 AB - Waste molding sands from the foundry industry have been successfully used as a component in manufactured soils, but concern over metal contamination must be addressed before many states will consider this beneficial use. Since there is little data available on this topic, the purpose of this study was to characterize total and leachable metals from waste molding sands. A total elemental analysis for Ag, Al, As, B, Ba, Be, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, V, and Zn was conducted on 36 clay-bonded and seven chemically bonded molding sands. Total metal concentrations in the molding sands were similar to those found in agricultural soils. The leaching of metals (i.e. Ag, As, Ba, Be, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Sb, and Zn) was assessed via the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP), synthetic precipitation leaching procedure (SPLP), and ASTM water leach test. Based on the TCLP data, none of the 43 molding sands would meet the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) characteristic for toxicity due to high Ag, As, Ba, Cd, Cr, and Pb. Compared to the TCLP results, the metal concentrations were generally lower in the SPLP and ASTM extracts, which is likely related to the buffering capacity of the extraction fluids. JF - Journal of environmental management AU - Dungan, Robert S AU - Dees, Nikki H AD - USDA-ARS, Northwest Irrigation & Soils Research Laboratory, 3793 North 3600 East, Kimberly, ID 83341, USA. robert.dungan@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - January 2009 SP - 539 EP - 548 VL - 90 IS - 1 SN - 0301-4797, 0301-4797 KW - Metals KW - 0 KW - Silicon Dioxide KW - 7631-86-9 KW - Copper KW - 789U1901C5 KW - Aluminum KW - CPD4NFA903 KW - Iron KW - E1UOL152H7 KW - Zinc KW - J41CSQ7QDS KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Iron -- isolation & purification KW - Copper -- isolation & purification KW - Conservation of Natural Resources -- methods KW - Aluminum -- isolation & purification KW - Zinc -- isolation & purification KW - Metals -- isolation & purification UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66720813?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+environmental+management&rft.atitle=The+characterization+of+total+and+leachable+metals+in+foundry+molding+sands.&rft.au=Dungan%2C+Robert+S%3BDees%2C+Nikki+H&rft.aulast=Dungan&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=90&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=539&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+environmental+management&rft.issn=03014797&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jenvman.2007.12.004 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-02-26 N1 - Date created - 2008-11-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2007.12.004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Strategies For Promoting Healthy Weight And Healthy Lives For Children In The Delta AN - 60339727; 201020710 AB - One in three children in Mississippi have weights that increase their risks for early onset of chronic diseases such as diabetes, high blood pressure, heart attacks, arthritis and consequent early disability and death. Children in school today are projected to be the first generation of Americans to die at an earlier age than their parents' generation. Many factors have contributed to this "obesity epidemic" and multiple strategies are needed to counter its impact. A collaboration of Agricultural Research Service and six universities has led to research studies in Washington County, MS and Phillips County AR that have addressed two critical elements in schools, summer day camps, and after-school programs. Major efforts have focused on providing children 1) exposure to new fruits and vegetables to promote willingness to try new foods and healthier diets and 2) encouraging physical activities that are fun and avoid having to be a "winner." These efforts combined with the promotion of improved literacy skills can lead to a better economic future and reduce the health burdens associated with poverty. Multiple components efforts are essential for longer and healthier lives for the current and future generations of school children in the Delta. All communities need to become involved in health promotion of their youth. Adapted from the source document. JF - Race, Gender & Class AU - McCabe-Sellers, Beverly J AU - Strickland, Earline AU - Lovera, Dalia AU - Yadrick, M Kathleen AU - Bogle, Margaret L AD - USDA, ARS Delta OPRU, Suite 509, 900 S. Shackleford Road, Little Rock, AR 72211. Tel.: (501) 954-8882, Fax: (501) 954-9596, e-mail:bev.mccabe-sellers@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009///0, PY - 2009 DA - 0, 2009 SP - 133 EP - 140 PB - Southern University at New Orleans, LA VL - 16 IS - 3-4 SN - 1082-8354, 1082-8354 KW - obesity, childhood obesity, summer camps, food exposure, physical activity KW - Body Weight KW - Schools KW - Child Mortality KW - Arthritis KW - Universities KW - Children KW - article KW - 2045: sociology of health and medicine; sociology of medicine & health care UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60339727?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Race%2C+Gender+%26+Class&rft.atitle=Strategies+For+Promoting+Healthy+Weight+And+Healthy+Lives+For+Children+In+The+Delta&rft.au=McCabe-Sellers%2C+Beverly+J%3BStrickland%2C+Earline%3BLovera%2C+Dalia%3BYadrick%2C+M+Kathleen%3BBogle%2C+Margaret+L&rft.aulast=McCabe-Sellers&rft.aufirst=Beverly&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=133&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Race%2C+Gender+%26+Class&rft.issn=10828354&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2010-04-07 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Children; Child Mortality; Schools; Universities; Arthritis; Body Weight ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Prevalence Of Food Insecurity And Associated Factors Among Households With Children In Head Start Programs In Houston, Texas And Birmingham, Alabama AN - 60338790; 201017889 AB - This study measured food security and hunger of households enrolled in Head Start in Houston, Texas, and Birmingham, Alabama and assessed factors that could affect food security. Interviewers collected data from primary caregivers on demographic characteristics, dietary intake, and the six-item US food security module. The prevalence of food insecurity of 688 households with Head Start children was 34.9%, or twice that of the national average among households with children in 2004 (17.6%). Moreover, the prevalence of food insecurity for households of White children (34.1%) and of Hispanic children (50.8%) exceeded by two-fold the national averages for the same race/ethnic groups, whereas the prevalence among African American households (24.8%) was similar to the nationwide average. Within the study sample, there were significant differences in the race/ethnicity for food security status. Households with U. S. born caregivers had significantly lower percentages of food insecurity (28.6% food insecure) than households with foreign-born caregivers (50.3% food insecure). This study identified groups most vulnerable to food insecurity, and the continual need to monitor food security among participants in Head Start. Adapted from the source document. JF - Race, Gender & Class AU - Stuff, Janice E AU - LaCour, Michelle AU - Du, Xianglin AU - Franklin, Frank AU - Liu, Yan AU - Hughes, Sheryl AU - Peters, Ron AU - Nicklas, Theresa A AD - Baylor College of Medicine, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, 1100 Bates, Houston, TX 77030. Tel.: (713) 798-7066, Fax: 713-798-7098 jstuff@bcm.tmc.edu Y1 - 2009///0, PY - 2009 DA - 0, 2009 SP - 31 EP - 48 PB - Southern University at New Orleans, LA VL - 16 IS - 3-4 SN - 1082-8354, 1082-8354 KW - food insecurity, children, Head Start, African American, Hispanic KW - Caregivers KW - Project Head Start KW - Households KW - Food Security KW - Children KW - Alabama KW - article KW - 0513: culture and social structure; culture (kinship, forms of social organization, social cohesion & integration, & social representations) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60338790?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Race%2C+Gender+%26+Class&rft.atitle=The+Prevalence+Of+Food+Insecurity+And+Associated+Factors+Among+Households+With+Children+In+Head+Start+Programs+In+Houston%2C+Texas+And+Birmingham%2C+Alabama&rft.au=Stuff%2C+Janice+E%3BLaCour%2C+Michelle%3BDu%2C+Xianglin%3BFranklin%2C+Frank%3BLiu%2C+Yan%3BHughes%2C+Sheryl%3BPeters%2C+Ron%3BNicklas%2C+Theresa+A&rft.aulast=Stuff&rft.aufirst=Janice&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=31&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Race%2C+Gender+%26+Class&rft.issn=10828354&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2010-04-07 N1 - Number of references - 47 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Food Security; Households; Children; Project Head Start; Caregivers; Alabama ER - TY - JOUR T1 - What Should the Government Mean by Hunger? AN - 58808428; 2008-269463 AB - Nationally representative survey data provide insight into how the voting public thinks the word hunger should be used in government reports. The median perception of the least severe condition appropriately described as hunger is that people '... sometimes could not afford to eat enough. They did not feel weak or dizzy, but they did have stomach pains.' However, there was not a narrow consensus on the appropriate use of the term hunger, and respondents' viewpoints on this issue were only weakly related to demographic characteristics, income, political preferences, and the extent to which hunger was considered a salient issue. If hunger is measured in a survey or the word hunger is used to describe other measured conditions, such as food insecurity, it is important to communicate clearly the intended meaning of the word. Adapted from the source document. JF - Journal of Hunger & Environmental Nutrition AU - Nord, Mark AU - Finberg, Max AU - McLaughlin, James AD - US Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - January 2009 SP - 20 EP - 47 PB - Taylor & Francis Group, Philadephia, PA VL - 4 IS - 1 SN - 1932-0248, 1932-0248 KW - Health conditions and policy - Food and nutrition KW - Science and technology policy - Mathematics KW - Social conditions and policy - Social policy and social development KW - Education and education policy - Statistics, research, research methods, and research support KW - Hunger KW - Measurement KW - Surveys KW - Social policy KW - Demographics KW - article UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58808428?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apais&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hunger+%26+Environmental+Nutrition&rft.atitle=What+Should+the+Government+Mean+by+Hunger%3F&rft.au=Nord%2C+Mark%3BFinberg%2C+Max%3BMcLaughlin%2C+James&rft.aulast=Nord&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=20&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hunger+%26+Environmental+Nutrition&rft.issn=19320248&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F19320240802706825 LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-21 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hunger; Measurement; Social policy; Surveys; Demographics DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19320240802706825 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - History, Administration, Goals, Value, and Long-Term Data of Russia's Strictly Protected Scientific Nature Reserves AN - 58802531; 2008-262536 AB - One of the most comprehensive attempts at biodiversity conservation in Russia and the former Soviet Union has been the establishment of an extensive network of protected natural areas. Among all types of protected areas in Russia, zapovedniks (strictly protected scientific preserves) have been the most effective in protecting biodiversity at the ecosystem scale. Russia has 101 zapovedniks with a total area of 34.3 million ha, representing 2% of Russian territory. The mission of zapovedniks is to protect native biodiversity and ecosystem processes as well as to facilitate the study of natural ecosystem processes and functions. In this manuscript, we provide a brief history of Russian ecosystem preservation and outline the goals and administrative organization of the Russian zapovednik system as it currently functions, as well as the characteristics, problems, and values of the system. Adapted from the source document. JF - Natural Areas Journal AU - Spetich, Martin A AU - Kvashnina, Anna E AU - Nukhimovskya, Y D AU - Rhodes, Olin E, Jr AD - USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, P.O. Box 1270, Hot Springs, AR 71902, USA Tel: 501-623-1180, Ext. 105 mspetich@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - January 2009 SP - 71 EP - 78 PB - Natural Areas Association, Bend, OR VL - 29 IS - 1 SN - 0885-8608, 0885-8608 KW - Environment and environmental policy - Parks, nature reserves, and open spaces KW - Environment and environmental policy - Ecology and environmental policy KW - Government - Public administration KW - Science and technology policy - Biology and biotechnology KW - Environment and environmental policy - Weather, climate, and natural disasters KW - administrative organization, climate change, history, policy, Russia, zapovednik KW - Public administration KW - Ecosystems KW - Nature conservation KW - Parks KW - Global warming KW - Biodiversity KW - Russian Federation KW - article UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58802531?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apais&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Natural+Areas+Journal&rft.atitle=History%2C+Administration%2C+Goals%2C+Value%2C+and+Long-Term+Data+of+Russia%27s+Strictly+Protected+Scientific+Nature+Reserves&rft.au=Spetich%2C+Martin+A%3BKvashnina%2C+Anna+E%3BNukhimovskya%2C+Y+D%3BRhodes%2C+Olin+E%2C+Jr&rft.aulast=Spetich&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=71&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Natural+Areas+Journal&rft.issn=08858608&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-21 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Parks; Russian Federation; Nature conservation; Ecosystems; Public administration; Biodiversity; Global warming ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Economic Benefits of Elk Viewing at the Jewell Meadows Wildlife Area in Oregon AN - 58801975; 2008-250770 AB - In this study a travel cost model is used to estimate the value of elk viewing at the Jewell Meadows Wildlife Area in Oregon. Jewell Meadows was originally established to provide winter browse and supplemental feeding for elk to reduce damage to nearby agricultural and forest land. However, because visitors are virtually guaranteed the opportunity to see large numbers of elk at close range, Jewell Meadows has also become a popular wildlife viewing site. We estimated total access value for the 2007 winter feeding season to be$6.5 million, which exceeds Jewell Meadows' annual operating budget of approximately$200,000. Results suggest that visitors highly value the assured wildlife viewing that Jewell Meadows offers. Adapted from the source document. JF - Human Dimensions of Wildlife AU - Donovan, Geoffrey AU - Champ, Patricia AD - USDA Forest Service PNW Research Station, Portland, Oregon, USA Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - January 2009 SP - 51 EP - 60 PB - Taylor & Francis, US VL - 14 IS - 1 SN - 1087-1209, 1087-1209 KW - Environment and environmental policy - Animals KW - Environment and environmental policy - Parks, nature reserves, and open spaces KW - Environment and environmental policy - Ecology and environmental policy KW - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development KW - Business and service sector - Hospitality and tourism business KW - Tourism KW - Travel KW - Oregon KW - Animals KW - Wildlife conservation KW - Parks KW - Political economy KW - article UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58801975?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apais&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+Dimensions+of+Wildlife&rft.atitle=The+Economic+Benefits+of+Elk+Viewing+at+the+Jewell+Meadows+Wildlife+Area+in+Oregon&rft.au=Donovan%2C+Geoffrey%3BChamp%2C+Patricia&rft.aulast=Donovan&rft.aufirst=Geoffrey&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=51&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human+Dimensions+of+Wildlife&rft.issn=10871209&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F10871200802545773 LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-21 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Animals; Parks; Oregon; Wildlife conservation; Political economy; Travel; Tourism DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10871200802545773 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Constructed rock beach winter installation AN - 50067334; 2010-024589 JF - Proceedings of the International Symposium on Cold Regions Engineering AU - Jacobsen, Sonia Maassel AU - Smith, Scott Alan A2 - Mooers, Howard D. A2 - Hinzmann, John, Jr. Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 49 EP - 57 PB - ASCE, American Society of Civil Engineers, Reston, VA VL - 14 SN - 0270-546X, 0270-546X KW - United States KW - protection KW - Minnesota KW - erosion KW - clastic sediments KW - water erosion KW - vegetation KW - Leech Lake KW - preventive measures KW - beaches KW - erosion control KW - Cass County Minnesota KW - sediments KW - littoral erosion KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50067334?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+International+Symposium+on+Cold+Regions+Engineering&rft.atitle=Constructed+rock+beach+winter+installation&rft.au=Jacobsen%2C+Sonia+Maassel%3BSmith%2C+Scott+Alan&rft.aulast=Jacobsen&rft.aufirst=Sonia&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=&rft.spage=49&rft.isbn=9780784410721&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+International+Symposium+on+Cold+Regions+Engineering&rft.issn=0270546X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 14th conference on Cold regions engineering N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - beaches; Cass County Minnesota; clastic sediments; erosion; erosion control; Leech Lake; littoral erosion; Minnesota; preventive measures; protection; sediments; United States; vegetation; water erosion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using soil stress state transducers in freezing ground AN - 50066305; 2010-026970 JF - Proceedings of the International Symposium on Cold Regions Engineering AU - Shoop, Sally A AU - Coutermarsh, Barry A AU - Diemand, Deborah AU - Way, Thomas A2 - Mooers, Howard D. A2 - Hinzmann, John, Jr. Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 562 EP - 571 PB - ASCE, American Society of Civil Engineers, Reston, VA VL - 14 SN - 0270-546X, 0270-546X KW - soils KW - soil mechanics KW - moisture KW - stress KW - mechanical properties KW - transportation KW - frozen ground KW - roads KW - temperature KW - structures KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50066305?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+International+Symposium+on+Cold+Regions+Engineering&rft.atitle=Using+soil+stress+state+transducers+in+freezing+ground&rft.au=Shoop%2C+Sally+A%3BCoutermarsh%2C+Barry+A%3BDiemand%2C+Deborah%3BWay%2C+Thomas&rft.aulast=Shoop&rft.aufirst=Sally&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=&rft.spage=562&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+International+Symposium+on+Cold+Regions+Engineering&rft.issn=0270546X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourteenth conference on Cold regions engineering N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - frozen ground; mechanical properties; moisture; roads; soil mechanics; soils; stress; structures; temperature; transportation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of Selected Nutrients and Bacteria from Anaerobic Swine Manure Lagoons on Sow, Nursery, and Finisher Farms in the Mid-South USA AN - 36365231; 201003-30-0255168 (CE); 11840063 (EN) AB - Swine (Sus scrofa domestica) production in the Mid-South USA comprises sow, nursery, and finisher farms. A 2007 packing plant closure started a regional shift from finisher to sow and nursery farms. Changes in manure stored in lagoons and land-applied as fertilizer were expected but were unknown because nutrient and bacterial levels had not been characterized by farm type. The objectives of this study were to quantify selected nutrients and bacteria, compare levels by farm types, and project impacts of production shifts. Nutrients and bacteria were characterized in 17 sow, 10 nursery, and 10 finisher farm lagoons. Total and thermotolerant coliforms, Escherichia coli (Migula) Castellani and Chalmers, Enterococcus spp., Clostridium perfringens (Veillon and Zuber) Hauduroy et al., Campylobacter spp., Listeria spp., and Salmonella spp. were evaluated. Highest levels were from total coliforms (1.4- 5.7 x 10(5) cfu 100 mL(-1)), which occurred with E. coli, Campylobacter spp., C. perfringens, and Enterococcus spp., in every lagoon and virtually every sample. Lowest levels were from Listeria spp. and Salmonella spp. ( < 1.3 x 10(2) most probable number [MPN] 100 mL(-1)), detected in 81 and 89% of lagoons and 68 and 64% of samples, respectively. Sow farm levels were higher for all except Listeria spp. and Salmonella spp., which were lower (1.4 x 10(1) and 2.8 x 10(1) MPN 100 mL(-1), respectively) and only slightly below their respective levels from nursery farms (1.1 x 10(2) and 3.4 x 10(1) MPN 100 mL(-1)). Shifting from finisher to nursery farm would not affect bacterial levels, but shifting to sows would. Either shift would reduce NPK and N:P and suggest modification of nutrient management plans. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - McLaughlin, Michael R AU - Brooks, John P AU - Adeli, Ardeshir AD - USDA-ARS, Genetics and Precision Agriculture Research Unit, P.O. Box 5367, Mississippi State, MS 39762. Journal article number J-11465 of the Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station. Mention of a trade name, proprietary product, or specific equipment does not constitute a guarantee or warranty by the USDA and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products that may be suitable. This work was prepared by the public domain and may be used without further permission mike.mclaughlin@ars.usda.gov PY - 2009 SP - 2422 EP - 2430 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 S. Segoe Rd , Madison, WI, 53711, USA, [mailto:lhendrickson@agronomy.org], [URL:http://www.agronomy.org] VL - 38 IS - 6 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Bacteria KW - Farms KW - Nurseries KW - Nutrients KW - Lagoons KW - Listeria KW - Salmonella KW - Campylobacter KW - Article KW - EE 10:General Environmental Engineering (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36365231?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+Selected+Nutrients+and+Bacteria+from+Anaerobic+Swine+Manure+Lagoons+on+Sow%2C+Nursery%2C+and+Finisher+Farms+in+the+Mid-South+USA&rft.au=McLaughlin%2C+Michael+R%3BBrooks%2C+John+P%3BAdeli%2C+Ardeshir&rft.aulast=McLaughlin&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2422&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fjeq2008.0468 L2 - http://jeq.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/38/6/2422.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-14 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2008.0468 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Airborne Endotoxin Concentrations at a Large Open-Lot Dairy in Southern Idaho AN - 34913228; 200911-30-0143057 (CE); 11065698 (EN) AB - Endotoxins are derived from gram-negative bacteria and are a potential respiratory health risk for animals and humans. To determine the potential for endotoxin transport from a large open-lot dairy, total airborne endotoxin concentrations were determined at an upwind location (background) and five downwind locations on three separate days. The downwind locations were situated at of the edge of the lot, 200 and 1390 m downwind from the lot, and downwind from a manure composting area and wastewater holding pond. When the wind was predominantly from the west, the average endotoxin concentration at the upwind location was 24 endotoxin units (EU) m super(-3), whereas at the edge of the lot on the downwind side it was 259 EU m super(-3). At 200 and 1390 m downwind from the edge of the lot, the average endotoxin concentrations were 168 and 49 EU m super(-3), respectively. Average airborne endotoxin concentrations downwind from the composting site (36 EU m super(-3)) and wastewater holding pond (89 EU m super(-3)) and 1390 m from the edge of the lot were not significantly different from the upwind location. There were no significant correlations between ambient weather data collected and endotoxin concentrations over the experimental period. The downwind data show that the airborne endotoxin concentrations decreased exponentially with distance from the lot edge. Decreasing an individual's proximity to the dairy should lower their risk of airborne endotoxin exposure and associated health effects. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Dungan, Robert S AU - Leytem, April B AD - USDA-ARS, Northwest Irrigation and Soils Research Lab., 3793 North 3600 East, Kimberly, ID 83341 robert.dungan@ars.usda.gov PY - 2009 SP - 1919 EP - 1923 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 S. Segoe Rd , Madison, WI, 53711, USA, [mailto:lhendricksonagronomy.org], [URL:http://www.agronomy.org] VL - 38 IS - 5 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Endotoxins KW - Position (location) KW - Waste water KW - Bacteria KW - Risk KW - Ponds KW - Health KW - Composting KW - Article KW - EE 20:Air Pollution: Monitoring, Control & Remediation (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/34913228?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Airborne+Endotoxin+Concentrations+at+a+Large+Open-Lot+Dairy+in+Southern+Idaho&rft.au=Dungan%2C+Robert+S%3BLeytem%2C+April+B&rft.aulast=Dungan&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1919&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fjeq2008.0504 L2 - http://jeq.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/38/5/1919.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-14 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2008.0504 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nitrogen, Tillage, and Crop Rotation Effects on Carbon Dioxide and Methane Fluxes from Irrigated Cropping Systems AN - 34902352; 200911-30-0143067 (CE); 11065708 (EN) AB - Long-term effects of tillage intensity, N fertilization, and crop rotation on carbon dioxide (CO sub(2)) and methane (CH sub(4)) flux from semiarid irrigated soils are poorly understood. We evaluated effects of: (i) tillage intensity [no-till (NT) and conventional moldboard plow tillage (CT)] in a continuous corn rotation; (ii) N fertilization levels [0-246 kg N ha super(-1) for corn (Zea mays L.); 0 and 56 kg N ha super(-1) for dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.); 0 and 112 kg N ha super(-1) for barley (Hordeum distichon L.)]; and (iii) crop rotation under NT soil management [corn-barley (NT-CB); continuous corn (NT-CC); corn-dry bean (NT- CDb)] on CO sub(2) and CH sub(4) flux from a clay loam soil. Carbon dioxide and CH sub(4) fluxes were monitored one to three times per week using vented nonsteady state closed chambers. No-till reduced (14%) growing season (154 d) cumulative CO sub(2) emissions relative to CT (NT: 2.08 Mg CO sub(2)-C ha super(-1); CT: 2.41 Mg CO sub(2)-C ha super(-1)), while N fertilization had no effect. Significantly lower (18%) growing season CO sub(2) fluxes were found in NT-CDb than NT-CC and NT-CB (11.4, 13.2 and 13.9 kg CO sub(2)-C ha super(-1)d super(-1) respectively). Growing season CH sub(4) emissions were higher in NT (20.2 g CH sub(4) ha super(-1)) than in CT (1.2 g CH sub(4) ha super(-1)). Nitrogen fertilization and cropping rotation did not affect CH sub(4) flux. Implementation of NT for 7 yr with no N fertilization was not adequate for restoring the CH sub(4) oxidation capacity of this clay loam soil relative to CT plowed and fertilized soil. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Alluvione, Francesco AU - Halvorson, Ardell D AU - Del Grosso, Stephen J AD - Dep of Agronomy, Forest and Land Management, Univ. of Turin, via L. da Vinci 44, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy PY - 2009 SP - 2023 EP - 2033 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 S. Segoe Rd , Madison, WI, 53711, USA, [mailto:lhendrickson)agronomy.org], [URL:http://www.agronomy.org] VL - 38 IS - 5 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Fluxes KW - Soils KW - New technology KW - Fertilization KW - Tillage KW - Seasons KW - Crops KW - Article KW - EE 20:Air Pollution: Monitoring, Control & Remediation (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/34902352?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Nitrogen%2C+Tillage%2C+and+Crop+Rotation+Effects+on+Carbon+Dioxide+and+Methane+Fluxes+from+Irrigated+Cropping+Systems&rft.au=Alluvione%2C+Francesco%3BHalvorson%2C+Ardell+D%3BDel+Grosso%2C+Stephen+J&rft.aulast=Alluvione&rft.aufirst=Francesco&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2023&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fjeq2008.0517 L2 - http://jeq.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/38/5/2023.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-14 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2008.0517 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Natural Ferrihydrite as an Agent for Reducing Turbidity Caused by Suspended Clays AN - 34899508; 200911-30-0143054 (CE); 11065694 (EN) AB - Biologically impaired waters are often caused by the turbidity associated with elevated suspended sediment concentrations. Turbidity can be reduced by the addition of positively charged compounds that coagulate negatively charged particles in suspension, causing them to flocculate. This research was conducted to determine the effectiveness of ferrihydrite, a poorly crystalline Fe oxide, as a flocculating agent for suspended clays similar to those found in high-turbidity waters of the Mississippi delta. Clay concentrations of 100 mg L super(-1) from a Dubbs silt loam (fine silty, mixed, active, thermic Typic Hapludalfs), a Forestdale silty clay loam (fine, smectitic, thermic Typic Hapludalfs), and a Sharkey clay (very fine, smectitic, thermic Chromic Epiaquerts) were suspended in 0.0005 mol L super(-1) CaCl sub(2) solutions at pH 5, 6, 7, or 8. Natural ferrihydrite with a zero point of charge at pH 5.8 was acquired from a drinking water treatment facility and mixed with the suspension at concentrations of 0, 10, 25, and 50 mg L super(-1). After settling periods of 24 and 48 h, percent transmittance was measured at a wavelength of 420 nm using a 3-mL sample collected at a depth of 2 cm. The greatest reductions in turbidity after 24-h equilibration were recorded for the pH 5 suspensions of the Dubbs (31%) and Forestdale (37%) clays at a ferrihydrite concentration of 10 mg L super(-1) and for the Sharkey clay at a ferrihydrite concentration of 25 mg L super(-1) (relative to the 0 ferrihydrite treatment). Water clarity for all samples further increased after 48 h. These results indicate that the effectiveness of ferrihydrite, as a means of reducing turbidity associated with suspended clays, is greatest at pH values below its zero point of charge. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Rhoton, F E AU - Bigham, J M AD - USDA-ARS National Sedimentation Lab., Oxford, MS 38655 PY - 2009 SP - 1887 EP - 1891 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 S. Segoe Rd , Madison, WI, 53711, USA, [mailto:lhendrickson)agronomy.org], [URL:http://www.agronomy.org] VL - 38 IS - 5 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Clays KW - Turbidity KW - pH KW - Charged particles KW - Charge KW - Flocculating KW - Loams KW - Drinking water KW - Article KW - EE 50:Water & Wastewater Treatment (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/34899508?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Natural+Ferrihydrite+as+an+Agent+for+Reducing+Turbidity+Caused+by+Suspended+Clays&rft.au=Rhoton%2C+F+E%3BBigham%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Rhoton&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1887&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fjeq2008.0454 L2 - http://jeq.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/38/5/1887.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-14 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2008.0454 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Behavior of Atrazine in Limited Irrigation Cropping Systems in Colorado: Prior Use Is Important AN - 34846206; 200911-30-0143051 (CE); 11065691 (EN) AB - Glyphosate-resistant (GR) corn may be a major component of new cropping systems to optimize the use of limited irrigation water supply while sustaining production. Because atrazine is an important tool for residual weed control in GR corn, we examined atrazine binding to soil, dissipation, movement, and early season weed control in limited and full irrigation cropping systems. These systems included continuous corn under conventional tillage and full irrigation (CCC-FI) and under no-tillage and deficit irrigation (CCC- DI), a sunflower-wheat-corn rotation under no-tillage and deficit irrigation (SWC-DI), and a wheat-fallow- wheat-corn rotation under no tillage and natural precipitation (WFWC-NP). Crop rotation and herbicide use history influenced atrazine behavior more than amount or type of irrigation. Atrazine dissipated more rapidly in the top 30 cm of soil in the CCC-FI and CCC-DI plots (half-life [T sub(1/2)] = 3-12 d), which had received previous applications of the herbicide, compared with the SWC-DI and WFWC-NP plots, which had no history of atrazine use (T sub(1/2) = 15-22 d). Laboratory assays indicated that the different rates of degradation were at least partly due to differences in microbial degradation in the soil. Atrazine moved the most in the top 30 cm in the SWC-DI and WFWC-NP plots. This greater movement is probably due to the slower rate of atrazine degradation. Studies of the behavior of pre-emergence herbicides in new limited irrigation cropping systems must consider all characteristics of the systems, not just amount and timing of irrigation. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Shaner, Dale L AU - Wiles, Lori AU - Hansen, Neil AD - USDA-ARS, Water Management Research Unit, 2150 Centre Ave., Bldg. D, Suite 320, Fort Collins, CO 80526 PY - 2009 SP - 1861 EP - 1869 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 S. Segoe Rd , Madison, WI, 53711, USA, [mailto:lhendrickson@agronomy.org], [URL:http://www.agronomy.org] VL - 38 IS - 5 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Irrigation KW - Atrazine KW - Degradation KW - Microorganisms KW - Herbicides KW - Soil (material) KW - Corn KW - Tillage KW - Article KW - EE 30:Soil Pollution: Monitoring, Control & Remediation (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/34846206?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Behavior+of+Atrazine+in+Limited+Irrigation+Cropping+Systems+in+Colorado%3A+Prior+Use+Is+Important&rft.au=Shaner%2C+Dale+L%3BWiles%2C+Lori%3BHansen%2C+Neil&rft.aulast=Shaner&rft.aufirst=Dale&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1861&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fjeq2008.0463 L2 - http://jeq.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/38/5/1861.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-14 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2008.0463 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of Second-Generation Multistage Wastewater Treatment System for the Removal of Malodors from Liquid Swine Waste AN - 34720814; 200909-30-0121456 (CE); 10262507 (EN) AB - Wastewater quality and malodors in a second generation implementation of environmentally superior technology (EST) were monitored over three cycles of pig (Sus scrofa) production and 15 mo. The wastewater treatment system consisted of three modules: solids separation, biological N removal, and P recovery/wastewater disinfection. While approximately more than 90% of the wastewater suspended solids were removed in the first stage of treatment, little reduction in malodorous compounds occurred, indicating that malodors largely remained with the liquid waste stream. The greatest improvements in wastewater quality occurred in the N treatment module where ammonium was removed through nitrification/denitrification processes: there was more than 99% reduction in aromatic malodorous compounds (e.g., p-cresol, skatole) and almost 90% reduction in volatile fatty acids (e.g., propanoate and butanoate) in N module effluent as compared to raw flushed manure. The system performed consistently well in wastewater odor removal, even during the first cycle of livestock production when system performance was being optimized. These findings showed that the combination of the processes of solids removal and biological N treatment into a practical treatment system can be very effective in reducing malodors from livestock wastewater. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Loughrin, John H AU - Vanotti, Matias B AU - Szogi, Ariel A AU - Lovanh, Nanh AD - USDA-ARS, Animal Waste Management Res. Unit, 230 Bennett Ln., Bowling Green, KY 42104 john.loughrin@ars.usda.gov PY - 2009 SP - 1739 EP - 1748 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 S. Segoe Rd , Madison, WI, 53711, USA, [mailto:lhendrickson@agronomy.org], [URL:http://www.agronomy.org] VL - 38 IS - 4 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Waste water KW - Reduction KW - Modules KW - Livestock KW - Biological KW - Wastewater treatment KW - Flushing KW - Nitrification KW - Article KW - EE 50:Water & Wastewater Treatment (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/34720814?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+Second-Generation+Multistage+Wastewater+Treatment+System+for+the+Removal+of+Malodors+from+Liquid+Swine+Waste&rft.au=Loughrin%2C+John+H%3BVanotti%2C+Matias+B%3BSzogi%2C+Ariel+A%3BLovanh%2C+Nanh&rft.aulast=Loughrin&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1739&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fjeq2008.0430 L2 - http://jeq.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/38/4/1739.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-14 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2008.0430 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evidence from Internally Transcribed Spacer Sequence Analysis of Soybean Strains that Extant Bradyrhizobium spp. Are Likely the Products of Reticulate Evolutionary Events AN - 21506970; 12510329 AB - The internally transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences of several members within each of 17 soybean bradyrhizobial serogroups were determined to establish whether the regions within all members of each serogroup were identical. The rationale was to provide a sequence-based alternative to serology. The objective also was to link the extensive older literature on soybean symbiosis based on serology with ITS sequence data for more recent isolates from both soybean and other legumes nodulated by rhizobia within the genus Bradyrhizobium. With the exception of serogroup 31 and 110 strains, sequence identity was established within each serogroup. Variation ranged from 0 to 23 nucleotides among serogroup 31 strains, and the regions in the type strains USDA 31 (serogroup 31) and USDA 130 (serogroup 130) were identical. Sequence identity was established among most strains within serogroup 110. The exceptions were USDA 452 and USDA 456, which had ITS sequences that were identical with those of the serotype 124 strain, USDA 124. Perhaps this would imply that USDA 452, USDA 456, and serogroup 31 strains are members of rhizobial lineages resulting from genetic exchange and homologous recombination events. This conclusion would be supported by the construction of a phylogenetic network from the ITS sequence alignment implying that the genomes of extant members of the genus Bradyrhizobium are likely the products of reticulate evolutionary events. A pairwise homoplasy index (phi or w) test was used to obtain further evidence for recombination. The ITS sequences of USDA 110 and USDA 124 were more divergent (53 nucleotides) than this region between the type strain Bradyrhizobium japonicum USDA 6T and the proposed species Bradyrhizobium yuanmingense (28 nucleotides) and Bradyrhizobium liaoningense (48 nucleotides). Therefore, support for assigning discrete species boundaries among these three proposed species appears limited, considering the evidence for recombination, the narrow divergence of the ITS sequence, and their relative placement on the phylogenetic network. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Berkum, Peter van AU - Fuhrmann, Jeffry J AD - Soybean Genomics and Improvement Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, peter.vanberkum@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 78 EP - 82 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA VL - 75 IS - 1 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Data processing KW - Bacteria KW - Soybeans KW - J 02430:Symbiosis, Antibiosis & Phages KW - A 01400:Soil Microbes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21506970?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Evidence+from+Internally+Transcribed+Spacer+Sequence+Analysis+of+Soybean+Strains+that+Extant+Bradyrhizobium+spp.+Are+Likely+the+Products+of+Reticulate+Evolutionary+Events&rft.au=Berkum%2C+Peter+van%3BFuhrmann%2C+Jeffry+J&rft.aulast=Berkum&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=78&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAEM.01408-08 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soybeans; Bacteria DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01408-08 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Autoinducer-2 Production in Campylobacter jejuni Contributes to Chicken Colonization AN - 21499264; 12510343 AB - Inactivation of luxS, encoding an AI-2 biosynthesis enzyme, in Campylobacter jejuni strain 81-176 significantly reduced colonization of the chick lower gastrointestinal tract, chemotaxis toward organic acids, and in vitro adherence to LMH chicken hepatoma cells. Thus, AI-2 production in C. jejuni contributes to host colonization and interactions with epithelial cells. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Quinones, Beatriz AU - Miller, William G AU - Bates, Anna H AU - Mandrell, Robert E AD - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Western Regional Research Center, Produce Safety and Microbiology Research Unit, Albany, California 94710, Beatriz.Quinones@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 281 EP - 285 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA VL - 75 IS - 1 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Chemotaxis KW - Colonization KW - Campylobacter jejuni KW - J 02410:Animal Diseases KW - A 01340:Antibiotics & Antimicrobials UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21499264?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Autoinducer-2+Production+in+Campylobacter+jejuni+Contributes+to+Chicken+Colonization&rft.au=Quinones%2C+Beatriz%3BMiller%2C+William+G%3BBates%2C+Anna+H%3BMandrell%2C+Robert+E&rft.aulast=Quinones&rft.aufirst=Beatriz&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=281&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAEM.01803-08 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Colonization; Campylobacter jejuni DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01803-08 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Functional genomic and epidemiological studies reveal novel genes regulating cholesterol metabolism AN - 21460348; 11865248 AB - Elevated plasma cholesterol is a heritable trait and a risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease. Although several major biochemical pathways regulating cholesterol metabolism have been identified, questions regarding the details of this regulation remain. In fact, common genetic polymorphisms in candidate genes explain only 5 to 7% of variation in high- and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels between individuals. This suggests that many of the factors influencing cholesterol metabolism, and potentially the etiology of cardiovascular disease, are unknown. Here, we review recent functional genomic research that, combined with results from genome-wide association studies, provides a powerful tool to identify novel candidate genes relevant to cholesterol metabolism. JF - Genome Medicine AU - Richardson, Kris AU - Ordovas, Jose M AD - Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, Lipid Metabolism Laboratory, Jean Mayer-United States Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA, kris.richardson@tufts.edu Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 96 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Middlesex House London W1T 4LB UK VL - 1 IS - 10 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - Etiology KW - Gene polymorphism KW - Reviews KW - Risk factors KW - Lipoproteins KW - Cholesterol KW - genomics KW - Cardiovascular diseases KW - Lipid metabolism KW - G 07730:Development & Cell Cycle KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21460348?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Genome+Medicine&rft.atitle=Functional+genomic+and+epidemiological+studies+reveal+novel+genes+regulating+cholesterol+metabolism&rft.au=Richardson%2C+Kris%3BOrdovas%2C+Jose+M&rft.aulast=Richardson&rft.aufirst=Kris&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=96&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Genome+Medicine&rft.issn=1756-994X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2Fgm96 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-05-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Etiology; Risk factors; Reviews; Gene polymorphism; Lipoproteins; Cardiovascular diseases; genomics; Cholesterol; Lipid metabolism DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/gm96 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Morphological and Reproductive Characterization in Hyacinth Bean, Lablab Purpureus (L.) Sweet Germplasm with Clinically Proven Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Traits for Use as a Medicinal Food AN - 21405384; 12449455 AB - The hyacinth bean, Lablab purpureus, is used throughout Asia and Africa for human food and medicine with potential to be a source of nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals. Hyacinth bean accessions were grown in Griffin, Georgia, from 2002 to 2004 and characterized for agronomic traits including branching, foliage, plant size, days to 50% maturity, and seed reproduction. The plants regenerated a range reaching more than 4,000 seeds. Assessment of variation was determined using principal component analysis. This paper also discusses evidence from literature reviews regarding clinical trials supporting possible uses of various hyacinth bean phytochemicals as nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals. Hyacinth bean seeds and pods could be used as famine food worldwide where humans suffer from malnourishment and disease. The purposes of this study are to characterize regenerating hyacinth bean genetic resources for branching, foliage, plant size, days to 50% maturity, seed production, and flower traits, as well as to discuss evidence from clinical trials supporting potential uses of various hyacinth bean containing phytochemicals as medicinal food, nutraceuticals, and Pharmaceuticals. JF - Journal Of Dietary Supplements AU - Morris, J B AD - 1109 Experiment St, Griffin, GA, 30223, USA, Brad.Morris@are.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 263 EP - 279 VL - 6 IS - 3 SN - 1939-0211, 1939-0211 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Foliage KW - Sweet taste KW - Seeds KW - Flowers KW - Food KW - Food plants KW - Clinical trials KW - Beans KW - Famine KW - Genetic resources KW - nutraceuticals KW - Principal components analysis KW - Dietary supplements KW - Germplasm KW - Pharmaceuticals KW - Reproduction KW - Lablab KW - Maturity KW - W 30910:Imaging UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21405384?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+Of+Dietary+Supplements&rft.atitle=Morphological+and+Reproductive+Characterization+in+Hyacinth+Bean%2C+Lablab+Purpureus+%28L.%29+Sweet+Germplasm+with+Clinically+Proven+Nutraceutical+and+Pharmaceutical+Traits+for+Use+as+a+Medicinal+Food&rft.au=Morris%2C+J+B&rft.aulast=Morris&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=263&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+Of+Dietary+Supplements&rft.issn=19390211&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F19390210903070830 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Foliage; Flowers; Seeds; Sweet taste; Food; Food plants; Clinical trials; Beans; Famine; nutraceuticals; Genetic resources; Dietary supplements; Principal components analysis; Germplasm; Pharmaceuticals; Reproduction; Maturity; Lablab DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19390210903070830 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Scientific Status Summary AN - 21369847; 9019380 AB - The Institute of Food Technologists has issued this Scientific Status Summary to provide readers with a tutorial on biofilms, their purposeful mechanism of interaction (quorum sensing), and recent findings on how to inhibit their formation. JF - Journal of Food Science AU - Annous, Bassam ABassam AU - Fratamico, Pina MPina AU - Smith, James L AD - 1Authors Annous, Fratamico, and Smith are with the U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, Wyndmoor, PA, U.S.A. Direct topical inquires to author Annous (E-mail: bassam.annous[at]ars.usda.gov) and reprint requests to ttarver[at]ift.org. Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - R24 EP - R37 PB - Institute of Food Technology VL - 74 IS - 1 SN - 0022-1147, 0022-1147 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - acylated homoserine lactones KW - autoinducer KW - bacteria KW - biofilm KW - C. jejuni KW - E. coli KW - enteric pathogen KW - foodborne illness KW - Gram-negative KW - Gram-positive KW - L. monocytogenes KW - pathogen KW - planktonic cell KW - quorum sensing KW - Salmonella KW - S. aureus KW - Biofilms KW - H 4000:Food and Drugs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21369847?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Food+Science&rft.atitle=Scientific+Status+Summary&rft.au=Annous%2C+Bassam+ABassam%3BFratamico%2C+Pina+MPina%3BSmith%2C+James+L&rft.aulast=Annous&rft.aufirst=Bassam&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=R24&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Food+Science&rft.issn=00221147&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1750-3841.2008.01022.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biofilms DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2008.01022.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Congruent Climate-Related Genecological Responses from Molecular Markers and Quantitative Traits for Western White Pine (Pinus monticola) AN - 21345062; 11839594 AB - Analyses of molecular and quantitative genetic data demonstrate the existence of congruent climate- related patterns in western white pine (Pinus monticola). Two independent studies allowed comparisons of amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers with quantitative variation in adaptive traits. Principal component analyses were conducted on seedling traits in common gardens collected from 58 sites; principal coordinate analyses were conducted on AFLP data from 15 sites. Collection site eigenvector means were regressed on 35 climate variables to produce a genecological prediction for each data set. Both predictions explained a large percentage (>70%) of the genetic variation from the first eigenvector from similar predictors involving the interaction growing season precipitation and temperature. Both predictions were significant, and projected genecological maps were largely congruent. The predominant pattern from the first eigenvector was two major groups, a northern and a southern, connected by a steep cline across the crest of the southern Cascade Range of Oregon. This cline was associated with growth potential in the adaptive traits. These results suggest that divergent climatic selection has influenced phenotypic traits associated with growth. Furthermore, the congruence of AFLPs suggests a linkage between some loci and genomic regions under selection and/or climatic influences on postmating reproductive success. JF - International Journal of Plant Sciences AU - Richardson, Bryce A AU - Rehfeldt, Gerald E AU - Kim, Mee-Sook AD - USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Provo, Utah 84606, U.S.A., brichardson02@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 1120 EP - 1131 PB - University of Chicago Press, P.O. Box 37005 Chicago IL 60637 USA, [mailto:help@press.uchicago.edu], [URL:http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/] VL - 170 IS - 9 SN - 1058-5893, 1058-5893 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Temperature effects KW - Amplified fragment length polymorphism KW - Data processing KW - Clines KW - Principal components analysis KW - Climate KW - Pinus monticola KW - Precipitation KW - genomics KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21345062?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Plant+Sciences&rft.atitle=Congruent+Climate-Related+Genecological+Responses+from+Molecular+Markers+and+Quantitative+Traits+for+Western+White+Pine+%28Pinus+monticola%29&rft.au=Richardson%2C+Bryce+A%3BRehfeldt%2C+Gerald+E%3BKim%2C+Mee-Sook&rft.aulast=Richardson&rft.aufirst=Bryce&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=170&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1120&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Plant+Sciences&rft.issn=10585893&rft_id=info:doi/10.1086%2F605870 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Amplified fragment length polymorphism; Clines; Data processing; Principal components analysis; Climate; genomics; Precipitation; Pinus monticola DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/605870 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Foam Separation of Oil from Enzymatically Treated Wet-Milled Corn Germ Dispersions AN - 21334778; 12040004 AB - More than 9 billion gallons of ethanol were produced in 2008, mostly from dry grind corn fermentation plants. These plants are a potential source of substantial amounts of corn oil, if an economical method of separating it can be developed. In this work, oil was separated from corn germ by aqueous enzymatic extraction (AEE). Batches of wet-milled corn germ in water were preheated in a pressure cooker, ground in a colloid mill, and churned in a vertical column/mixing vessel system, after the addition of enzyme. Nitrogen gas was then bubbled through the column removing an overflowing foam fraction which was subsequently centrifuged to separate free oil. Using a newly commercialized enzyme complex it was found that 80% of the oil could be recovered using a w/w ratio of enzyme solution to germ of 1:80. The low dose and low price of the enzyme complex leads to a cost estimate of AEE of corn oil from germ, similar to the wet-milled germ extracted, cost competitive with expelled oil (with the separation and drying of the foam protein), and feasible for commercialization in a dry grind plant retrofitted to separate germ. JF - Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society AU - Dickey, Leland C AU - Kurantz, Michael J AU - Parris, Nicholas AU - McAloon, Andrew AU - Moreau, Robert A AD - Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, 600 E. Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038-8598, USA, leland.dickey@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 927 EP - 932 PB - American Oil Chemists' Society Press, 1608 Broadmoor Dr Champaign IL 61826-3489 USA VL - 86 IS - 9 SN - 0003-021X, 0003-021X KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Oil KW - Colloids KW - Fermentation KW - Enzymes KW - Drying KW - Foams KW - Plant extracts KW - Pressure KW - Nitrogen KW - Ethanol KW - W 30945:Fermentation & Cell Culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21334778?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Oil+Chemists%27+Society&rft.atitle=Foam+Separation+of+Oil+from+Enzymatically+Treated+Wet-Milled+Corn+Germ+Dispersions&rft.au=Dickey%2C+Leland+C%3BKurantz%2C+Michael+J%3BParris%2C+Nicholas%3BMcAloon%2C+Andrew%3BMoreau%2C+Robert+A&rft.aulast=Dickey&rft.aufirst=Leland&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=927&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Oil+Chemists%27+Society&rft.issn=0003021X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11746-009-1429-9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Oil; Colloids; Fermentation; Drying; Enzymes; Plant extracts; Foams; Pressure; Ethanol; Nitrogen DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11746-009-1429-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biochemical characterization of a novel dual-function arabinofuranosidase/xylosidase isolated from a compost starter mixture AN - 21302075; 11726193 AB - The gene encoding a glycoside hydrolase family 43 enzyme termed deAX was isolated and subcloned from a culture seeded with a compost starter mixed bacterium population, expressed with a C-terminal His sub(6)-tag, and purified to apparent homogeneity. deAX was monomeric in solution and had a broad pH maximum between pH 5.5 and pH 7. A twofold greater k sub(cat)/K sub(m) for the p-nitrophenyl derivative of a-l-arabinofuranose versus that for the isomeric substrate b-d-xylopyranose was due to an appreciably lower K sub(m) for the arabinofuranosyl substrate. Substrate inhibition was observed for both 4-methylumbelliferryl arabinofuranoside and the xylopyranoside cogener. While no loss of activity was observed over 4h at 40C, the observed t sub(1/2) value rapidly decreased from 630min at 49C to 47min at 53C. The enzyme exhibited end-product inhibition, with a K sub(i) for xylose of 145mM, 18.5mM for arabinose, and 750mM for glucose. Regarding natural substrate specificity, deAX had arabinofuranosidase activity on sugar beet arabinan, 1,5-a-l-arabinobiose, and 1,5-a-l-arabinotriose, and wheat and rye arabinoxylan, while xylosidase activity was detected for the substrates xylobiose, xylotriose, xylotetraose, and arabinoxylan from beech and birch. Thus, deAX can be classified as a dual-function xylosidase/arabinofuranosidase with respect to both artificial and natural substrate specificity. JF - Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology AU - Wagschal, Kurt AU - Heng, Chamroeun AU - Lee, Charles C AU - Wong, Dominic WS AD - USDA Agricultural Research Service, Western Regional Research Center, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA, 94710, USA, kurt.wagschal@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 855 EP - 863 PB - Springer-Verlag, Heidelberger Platz 3 Berlin 14197 Germany VL - 81 IS - 5 SN - 0175-7598, 0175-7598 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Xylose KW - Composts KW - xylosidase KW - Glucose KW - Substrate specificity KW - Enzymes KW - Triticum aestivum KW - Arabinose KW - glycoside hydrolase KW - Arabinofuranosidase KW - p-Nitrophenyl KW - xylopyranoside KW - pH effects KW - W 30940:Products KW - A 01390:Forestry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21302075?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Microbiology+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Biochemical+characterization+of+a+novel+dual-function+arabinofuranosidase%2Fxylosidase+isolated+from+a+compost+starter+mixture&rft.au=Wagschal%2C+Kurt%3BHeng%2C+Chamroeun%3BLee%2C+Charles+C%3BWong%2C+Dominic+WS&rft.aulast=Wagschal&rft.aufirst=Kurt&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=855&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Microbiology+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=01757598&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00253-008-1662-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Xylose; Composts; xylosidase; Arabinose; Glucose; glycoside hydrolase; Enzymes; Substrate specificity; Arabinofuranosidase; p-Nitrophenyl; xylopyranoside; pH effects; Triticum aestivum DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00253-008-1662-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Antibiotic Resistant Bacterial Profiles of Anaerobic Swine Lagoon Effluent AN - 21290569; 11840064 AB - Although land application of swine (Sus scrofa) manure lagoon effluent is a common and effective method of disposal, the presence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, both pathogenic and commensal can complicate already understood issues associated with its safe disposal. The aim of this study was to assess antibiotic resistance in swine lagoon bacteria from sow, nursery, and finisher farms in the southeastern United States. Effluents from 37 lagoons were assayed for the presence of Escherichia coli, Campylobacter, Listeria, and Salmonella. Antibiotic resistance profiles were determined by the Kirby-Bauer swab method for 12 antibiotics comprising eight classes. Statistical analyses indicated that farm type influenced the amount and type of resistance, with nurseries and sow farms ranking as most influential, perhaps due to use of more antibiotic treatments. Finisher farms tended to have the least amount of antibiotic class resistance, signaling an overall healthier market pig, and less therapeutic or prophylactic antibiotic use. Many bacterial isolates were resistant to penicillin, cephalosporin, and tetracycline class antibiotics, while nearly all were susceptible to quinolone antibiotics. It appeared that swine farm type had a significant association with the amount of resistance associated with bacterial genera sampled from the lagoons; nurseries contributed the largest amount of bacterial resistance. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Brooks, J P AU - McLaughlin, M R AD - USDA-ARS, Genetics and Precision Agriculture Unit, 801 HWY 12 E., Mississippi State, MS 39762. Journal article number J-11459 of the Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station. Mention of a trade name, proprietary product, or specific equipment does not constitute a guarantee or warranty by the USDA and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products that may be suitable. This work was prepared by employees of the U.S. Government as part of their official duties and is in the public domain and may be used without further permission, john.brooks@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 2431 EP - 2437 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 South Segoe Rd Madison WI 53711 USA VL - 38 IS - 6 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Farms KW - Manure KW - Sus scrofa KW - antibiotic resistance KW - Quinolones KW - Nursery grounds KW - Statistical analysis KW - Commensals KW - Disease control KW - Antibiotics KW - USA, Southeast KW - Tetracyclines KW - Land application KW - Lagoons KW - Environmental factors KW - Listeria KW - farms KW - Escherichia coli KW - Antibiotic resistance KW - Cephalosporins KW - Animal wastes KW - Campylobacter KW - Effluents KW - Penicillin KW - Control resistance KW - Environmental quality KW - Salmonella KW - Signal transduction KW - ENA 06:Food & Drugs KW - A 01340:Antibiotics & Antimicrobials KW - Q4 27740:Products KW - J 02430:Symbiosis, Antibiosis & Phages KW - Q2 09101:General works UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21290569?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Antibiotic+Resistant+Bacterial+Profiles+of+Anaerobic+Swine+Lagoon+Effluent&rft.au=Brooks%2C+J+P%3BMcLaughlin%2C+M+R&rft.aulast=Brooks&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2431&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fjeq2008.0471 L2 - http://jeq.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/38/6/2431.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Manure; Nursery grounds; Disease control; Commensals; Antibiotics; Effluents; Environmental factors; Lagoons; Control resistance; Cephalosporins; Farms; Quinolones; Statistical analysis; Tetracyclines; Penicillin; Environmental quality; Antibiotic resistance; Signal transduction; Animal wastes; antibiotic resistance; farms; Land application; Sus scrofa; Escherichia coli; Campylobacter; Salmonella; Listeria; USA, Southeast DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2008.0471 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of land use on stonefly bioassessment metrics AN - 21285627; 11841407 AB - Stonefly samples were collected from disturbed and undisturbed streams of the Upper Orava river basin (the West Carpathians). Taxonomic richness was associated mainly with environment-scale factors such as water temperature, stream width and channel slope. Patterns in composition of stonefly assemblages detected by non-metric multidimensional scaling show that alterations in the catchment area caused by agriculture or forestry affect a number of stonefly metrics. Stonefly taxa richness and other biotic indices reflecting good water quality were negatively influenced by the extent of urban land cover and positively by forest land cover. JF - Aquatic Insects AU - Krno, I AU - Holubec, M AD - Department of Ecology, Comenius University, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia, krno@fns.uniba.sk Y1 - 2009///0, PY - 2009 DA - 0, 2009 SP - 377 EP - 389 VL - 31 SN - 0165-0424, 0165-0424 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Entomology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Catchment area KW - Resource management KW - Forests KW - River basins KW - Water temperature KW - Freshwater KW - Water quality KW - Streams KW - Environmental factors KW - Land use KW - Catchment areas KW - Multidimensional scaling KW - Agricultural runoff KW - Aquatic insects KW - Forestry KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - Z 05340:Ecology and Behavior KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q1 08422:Environmental effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21285627?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+Insects&rft.atitle=Effects+of+land+use+on+stonefly+bioassessment+metrics&rft.au=Krno%2C+I%3BHolubec%2C+M&rft.aulast=Krno&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=&rft.spage=377&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+Insects&rft.issn=01650424&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F01650420903083385 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Catchment area; Resource management; River basins; Water quality; Environmental factors; Aquatic insects; Agricultural runoff; Land use; Catchment areas; Multidimensional scaling; Forests; Water temperature; Streams; Forestry; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01650420903083385 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Organic Soils on Basaltic Lava Flows in a Cool, Arid Environment AN - 21276736; 11066083 AB - Holocene-aged basaltic lava flows offer a unique opportunity to study the initial stages of soil formation. In the cool, dry climate at Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve (CROM) in southern Idaho, organic soils (Histosols in Soil Taxonomy) are the dominant soil on recent lava surfaces. Unsaturated Histosols, or Folists (Folic Histosols in World Reference Base [WRB]), occupy crevices and depressions on the lava surface and support vegetation adapted for life in this harsh environment. These soils are comprised of either a thin fibric (Oi horizon) over a hemic (Oe horizon) or a single, relatively homogenous Oe horizon over relatively unweathered basalt bedrock. The parent material for organic soils is biologic rather than geologic in origin with parent vegetation growing in crevices supplying the necessary organic debris. Soil acidity is directly influenced by the type of vegetation growing in the soil, with more acidic leaf litter creating lower pH soils while more alkaline plant debris generates soil with more neutral pH. Within these shallow soils (12-35 cm), organic C content (mean 333 g kg super(-1)) is proportional to fiber content and cation-exchange capacity (CEC) and inversely proportional to bulk density. Compared with Folists of wetter climates, those forming at CROM have substantially higher bulk densities with a mean of 0.41 g cm super(-3). The influence of loessial mineral material likely accounts for the increased mineral content and subsequent increase in bulk density. Knowledge of the morphological, physical, and chemical properties of Folists at CROM is essential to improve our understanding of the ecological significance of Folists and co- evolution of soils and plant communities in a cool, arid environment. JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Vaughan, Karen L AU - McDaniel, Paul A AD - USDA, Natural Resources Conservation Service, 245 Jimmy Doolittle Rd., Salt Lake City, UT 84116, karen.vaughan@ut.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 1510 EP - 1518 PB - Soil Science Society of America VL - 73 IS - 5 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Soil KW - USA, Idaho KW - lava flows KW - Deserts KW - organic soils KW - Arid environments KW - Vegetation KW - Acidity KW - Minerals KW - pH KW - ENA 15:Renewable Resources-Terrestrial UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21276736?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=Organic+Soils+on+Basaltic+Lava+Flows+in+a+Cool%2C+Arid+Environment&rft.au=Vaughan%2C+Karen+L%3BMcDaniel%2C+Paul+A&rft.aulast=Vaughan&rft.aufirst=Karen&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1510&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fsssaj2008.0257 L2 - http://soil.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/73/5/1510.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; lava flows; Deserts; organic soils; Arid environments; Vegetation; Acidity; Minerals; pH; USA, Idaho DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2008.0257 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Yield and Water Use Response of Cuphea to Irrigation in the Northern Corn Belt AN - 21276387; 11839704 AB - Cuphea (Cuphea viscosissima Jacq. x C. lanceolata W.T. Aiton) may be prone to drought stress, yet little is known about the yield response of this new oilseed crop to irrigation. A field study was conducted in western Minnesota on a Barnes loam soil (fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, frigid Calcic Hapludolls) in 2002 and 2003 to compare yield and water use of irrigated and nonirrigated cuphea. Nonirrigated cuphea received only precipitation, while irrigated plants received supplemental watering to maintain soil water content near field capacity during the study. Crop drought stress was assessed by measuring photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, leaf water potential, and super(13)C ( super(13)C/ super(12)C stable isotope composition). In 2002, soil water content was similar for irrigated and nonirrigated plants throughout the growing season owing to timely rains, and seed yield was similar between treatments (873 kg ha super(-1)). During 2003, irrigation resulted in a 2.7-fold increase in seed yield and greater harvest index than nonirrigated plants, while water use efficiency (WUE) of seed production for both treatments was similar (2.4 kg ha super(-1) mm super(-1)). Drought conditions occurred in 2003; by mid-August, leaf photosynthesis and leaf water potential of nonirrigated plants were 83 and 56% less, respectively, than for irrigated cuphea. Moreover, super(13)C measurements of seed further confirmed that nonirrigated cuphea suffered significant drought stress. Our results indicate that cuphea is drought sensitive and that regions or soils prone to water deficits will likely require supplemental irrigation to increase seed yield. JF - Crop Science AU - Gesch, R W AU - Sharratt, B S AU - Kim, K-I AD - USDA-ARS-NCSCRL, 803 Iowa Ave., Morris, MN 56267, russ.gesch@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 1867 EP - 1875 PB - Crop Science Society of America, 677 S. Segoe Rd. Madison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.crops.org] VL - 49 IS - 5 SN - 0011-183X, 0011-183X KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - water use KW - Isotopes KW - Photosynthesis KW - Rainfall KW - Irrigation KW - Stress KW - water potential KW - USA, Minnesota KW - Crops KW - corn KW - Soil KW - Efficiency KW - loam KW - water content KW - Cuphea KW - Droughts KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21276387?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Crop+Science&rft.atitle=Yield+and+Water+Use+Response+of+Cuphea+to+Irrigation+in+the+Northern+Corn+Belt&rft.au=Gesch%2C+R+W%3BSharratt%2C+B+S%3BKim%2C+K-I&rft.aulast=Gesch&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1867&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Crop+Science&rft.issn=0011183X&rft_id=info:doi/10.2135%2Fcropsci2008.11.0664 L2 - http://crop.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/49/5/1867.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water use; Isotopes; Photosynthesis; Rainfall; Irrigation; Stress; water potential; corn; Crops; Soil; Efficiency; loam; water content; Droughts; Cuphea; USA, Minnesota DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2008.11.0664 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of Deficit Irrigation and Fertilization on Cucumber AN - 21275679; 11840022 AB - Soil water budgets are essential in determining the proper timing and amount of irrigation. Organic fertilizers can be substituted for commercial fertilizers; however, information is sparse on the interaction of irrigation management and nutrient source on cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) production. This study evaluated nutrient source and irrigation management on growth and yield of cucumber grown in the arid area of Egypt. A field experiment was conducted using cucumber grown in northern Egypt at Shibin El- Kom in 2006 and 2007 to evaluate water use and fertilizer rate and type. Three irrigation deficits and seven fertilization types were arranged in a randomized split-plot design with irrigation rates as main plots and fertilizer treatments within irrigation rates. Irrigation treatments were a ratio of crop evapotranspiration (ET) as: 1.0 ET, 0.84 ET, and 0.64 ET. Fertilizer treatments were applied at the recommended rate of N either as a commercial fertilizer or with organic manure. Chlorophyll a and b, leaf area index, and yield were greatest with the lowest ratios of male to female flowers when adequate water and high N were used (1.0 ET with chicken manure at 7 Mg/ha). Seasonal water use was 498 and 471 mm for 1.0 ET in 2006 and 2007 plantings over the 125 d growing season, respectively. The yield reduction coefficient averaged 0.77. An optimal scheduling was statistically developed based on crop response in deficit irrigation to achieve maximum yield for different uniformity coefficient variation values. Cucumber performance was significantly affected by both irrigation and nutrient deficiencies. JF - Agronomy Journal AU - Amer, Kamal H AU - Midan, Sally A AU - Hatfield, Jerry L AD - Minofia Univ., Egypt USDA-ARS National Laboratory for Agriculture and the Environment, 2110 University Blvd., Ames, IA 50011, jerry.hatfield@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 1556 EP - 1564 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 South Segoe Rd Madison WI 53711 USA VL - 101 IS - 6 SN - 0002-1962, 0002-1962 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Egypt, Arab Rep. KW - Fertilizers KW - Yield KW - Water Management KW - Manure KW - Irrigation KW - Irrigation Design KW - Nutrients KW - Crops KW - Water Use KW - SW 1060:Conservation in agricultural use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21275679?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agronomy+Journal&rft.atitle=Effect+of+Deficit+Irrigation+and+Fertilization+on+Cucumber&rft.au=Amer%2C+Kamal+H%3BMidan%2C+Sally+A%3BHatfield%2C+Jerry+L&rft.aulast=Amer&rft.aufirst=Kamal&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1556&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agronomy+Journal&rft.issn=00021962&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fagronj2009.0112 L2 - http://agron.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/101/6/1556.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Yield; Fertilizers; Manure; Water Management; Irrigation Design; Irrigation; Nutrients; Crops; Water Use; Egypt, Arab Rep. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj2009.0112 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil Profile Water Content Determination: Spatiotemporal Variability of Electromagnetic and Neutron Probe Sensors in Access Tubes AN - 21274068; 11839859 AB - Since the late 1980s, electromagnetic (EM) sensors for determination of soil water content from within nonmetallic access tubes have been marketed as replacements for the neutron moisture meter (NMM); however, the accuracy, variability and physical significance of EM sensor field measurements have been questioned. We studied the accuracy and variability of four EM sensors and the NMM, compared with gravimetric measurements, in transects of 10 to 20 access tubes during three field seasons, using soil-specific calibrations. The three capacitance EM sensors produced water content readings for which SD values were up to an order of magnitude larger than those from the NMM. The EM sensor based on travel time (waveguide) principles produced SD values up to six times larger than those of the NMM or gravimetric sampling. The EM sensors would require from two to 72 times as many access tubes to obtain a mean profile water content to a given precision than would the NMM or gravimetric sampling, with more tubes required for drier conditions. The NMM exhibited spatial variation of similar magnitude and pattern as that of gravimetrically sampled profile water contents. The EM methods poorly reproduced the spatial and temporal behavior of NMM and gravimetric sampling and implied spatial variability of profile water content that was not evident in either the NMM or gravimetric data, even though EM sensing volumes were larger than the 675-cm super(3) volume of the gravimetric samples. We infer that EM sensors were influenced not only by the mean water content in the sampling volume but by the smaller scale structure of soil electrical properties. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Evett, Steven R AU - Schwartz, Robert C AU - Tolk, Judy A AU - Howell, Terry A AD - USDA-ARS, Conservation & Production Research Lab., Soil and Water Management Research Unit, Bushland, TX 79012. The mention of trade names of commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA, steve.evett@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009///0, PY - 2009 DA - 0, 2009 SP - 926 EP - 941 PB - Soil Science Society of America, 677 South Segoe Rd Maxison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.soils.org/] VL - 8 IS - 4 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Variability KW - Sensors KW - Moisture Meters KW - Tubes KW - Electrical properties KW - Spatial variations KW - Calibrations KW - Seasonal variability KW - Sampling KW - Spatial variability KW - Vadose waters KW - Capacitance KW - Water content KW - Traveltime KW - Profiles KW - Soil moisture KW - Waste water KW - Electrical Properties KW - Q2 09283:Soil mechanics KW - SW 0845:Water in soils KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes KW - M2 556.14:Infiltration/Soil Moisture (556.14) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21274068?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Soil+Profile+Water+Content+Determination%3A+Spatiotemporal+Variability+of+Electromagnetic+and+Neutron+Probe+Sensors+in+Access+Tubes&rft.au=Evett%2C+Steven+R%3BSchwartz%2C+Robert+C%3BTolk%2C+Judy+A%3BHowell%2C+Terry+A&rft.aulast=Evett&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=926&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fvzj2008.0146 L2 - http://vzj.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/8/4/926.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Spatial variations; Sensors; Capacitance; Water content; Waste water; Electrical properties; Vadose waters; Seasonal variability; Soil moisture; Spatial variability; Variability; Calibrations; Profiles; Moisture Meters; Sampling; Tubes; Traveltime; Electrical Properties DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/vzj2008.0146 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - KatP contributes to OxyR-regulated hydrogen peroxide resistance in Escherichia coli serotype O157 : H7 AN - 21272085; 11839959 AB - Escherichia coli K-12 defends itself against peroxide-mediated oxidative damage using two catalases, KatG and KatE, and the peroxiredoxin, alkyl hydroperoxide reductase, encoded by ahpC. In E. coli O157 : H7 strain ATCC 43895 (EDL933), plasmid pO157 carries an additional catalase- peroxidase gene, katP. KatP has been shown to be a functional catalase- peroxidase. However, deletion of pO157 does not alter the peroxide resistance of strain EDL933, leaving the physiological role of katP unclear. To examine the individual roles of peroxide-resistance genes in E. coli O157 : H7, mutant strains of ATCC 43895 were constructed bearing individual deletions of katG, katE, katP and ahpC, as well as double, triple and quadruple deletions encompassing all possible gene combinations thereof. The wild-type and all 15 mutant strains were compared for differences in aerobic growth, ability to scavenge exogenous H sub(2)O sub(2) and resistance to exogenous peroxides. Although KatG scavenged the most exogenous H sub(2)O sub(2), KatP scavenged statistically greater amounts than either KatE or AhpC during exponential growth. However, katG and ahpC together were sufficient for full peroxide resistance in disc diffusion assays. Strains with only katG or ahpC were the only triple deletion strains with significantly shorter generation times than the quadruple deletion strain. ahpC was the only gene that could allow rapid transition from lag phase to exponential phase in a triple deletion strain. Gene expression studies revealed that katP is an OxyR-regulated gene, but its expression is suppressed in stationary phase by RpoS. These studies indicate that pO157- borne katP contributes to the complex gene network protecting strain 43895 from peroxide-mediated oxidative damage in an OxyR-dependent manner. JF - Microbiology AU - Uhlich, Gaylen A Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 3589 EP - 3598 PB - Society for General Microbiology, Marlborough House, Basingstoke Road Spencers Wood Reading RG7 1AG UK, [URL:http://www.sgm.ac.uk/] VL - 155 IS - 11 SN - 1350-0872, 1350-0872 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Lag phase KW - Serotypes KW - Peroxidase KW - Peroxiredoxin KW - Plasmids KW - Catalase KW - stationary phase KW - Gene expression KW - Gene deletion KW - Hydrogen peroxide KW - Escherichia coli KW - Diffusion KW - Alkyl hydroperoxide reductase KW - J 02320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21272085?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microbiology&rft.atitle=KatP+contributes+to+OxyR-regulated+hydrogen+peroxide+resistance+in+Escherichia+coli+serotype+O157+%3A+H7&rft.au=Uhlich%2C+Gaylen+A&rft.aulast=Uhlich&rft.aufirst=Gaylen&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=155&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=3589&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microbiology&rft.issn=13500872&rft_id=info:doi/10.1099%2Fmic.0.031435-0 L2 - http://mic.sgmjournals.org/cgi/reprint/155/11/3589.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Gene expression; stationary phase; Lag phase; Gene deletion; Serotypes; Hydrogen peroxide; Peroxidase; Peroxiredoxin; Diffusion; Plasmids; Alkyl hydroperoxide reductase; Catalase; Escherichia coli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.031435-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sensitivity of Ground-Based Remote Sensing Estimates of Wheat Chlorophyll Content to Variation in Soil Reflectance AN - 21267929; 11066106 AB - Spectral indices (SI) derived from crop reflectance data are sensitive to chlorophyll a and b content (Chl). However, the SI-Chl relationship might be confounded by variation in leaf area index (LAI) and soil background reflectance, especially in semiarid environments where water determines crop growth. This study evaluated the sensitivity of SI to variation in soil reflectance and how this may affect overall SI performance for ground-based sensing of Chl in dryland wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Selected SI were computed from spectra simulated by the PROSPECT-SAIL radiative-transfer model for 5 LAI values, 7 Chl values, and 121 dry soil surface reflectance spectra. These spectra represented soils across major wheat growing areas in the United States. Soil properties and reflectance varied widely among the soils indicated by the high SI variation for LAI values < 1.5. Overall, soil background variation contributed less to the observed SI variability (<6%) than LAI (<97%). Combined indices [i.e., Normalized Difference Red Edge Index (NDRE)/Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Modified Chlorophyll Absorption Ratio Index (MCARI)/Second Modified Triangular Vegetation Index (MTVI)] were least affected by soil background variation than single indices (i.e., NDVI). Results showed that ground sensing of Chl may be improved by means of combined indices that are resistant to soil background and LAI. Empirical measurements verified that the modeling results were a reliable representation of the influence of Chl, LAI, and soil on canopy reflectance. Further research is needed to evaluate the effect of soil moisture, surface roughness, residue, growth stage, and shadow on SI. JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Eitel, JUH AU - Long, D S AU - Gessler, P E AU - Hunt, E R AU - Brown, D J AD - Geospatial Lab. for Environmental Dynamics University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, dan.long@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 1715 EP - 1723 PB - Soil Science Society of America VL - 73 IS - 5 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Soil KW - wheat KW - Sensitivity KW - USA KW - Chlorophyll KW - Residues KW - Absorption KW - Vegetation KW - Crops KW - canopies KW - ENA 06:Food & Drugs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21267929?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=Sensitivity+of+Ground-Based+Remote+Sensing+Estimates+of+Wheat+Chlorophyll+Content+to+Variation+in+Soil+Reflectance&rft.au=Eitel%2C+JUH%3BLong%2C+D+S%3BGessler%2C+P+E%3BHunt%2C+E+R%3BBrown%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Eitel&rft.aufirst=JUH&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1715&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fsssaj2008.0288 L2 - http://soil.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/73/5/1715.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - wheat; Soil; Sensitivity; Chlorophyll; Residues; Absorption; Vegetation; Crops; canopies; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2008.0288 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Control of Cereal Rye with a Roller/Crimper as Influenced by Cover Crop Phenology AN - 21264499; 11840026 AB - Adoption of reduced tillage practices have been driven by the need to enhance soil quality, minimize field labor time, and scale up farm size. However, concerns about increased reliance on herbicides and demand for organically grown foods call for adoption of production practices that can reduce both tillage and herbicide use. This research study assessed the influence of planting and termination dates on mechanical cover crop control efficacy to limit tillage and herbicide use using a roller/crimper. A thermal-based phenological model using growing degree days (GDD; base 4.4C) was developed to predict cereal rye (Secale cereale L.) growth stage. Mechanical control of cereal rye increased as rye matured. Variations in cereal rye cultivar growth rates were observed; however, they responded similarly to rolling when terminated at the same growth stage. Consistent control was achieved at a Zadoks growth stage 61 (rye anthesis). A thermal- based phenological model separating the effects of heat units accumulated in the fall (Fall sub(GDD)) from those accumulated in the spring (Spring sub(GDD)) best predicted the phenological development of cereal rye. Predicting when cereal rye can be successfully controlled using a roller/crimper along with the use of the thermal-based phenological model should aid growers in decision-making regarding cereal rye planting and termination dates. JF - Agronomy Journal AU - Mirsky, Steven B AU - Curran, William S AU - Mortensen, David A AU - Ryan, Matthew R AU - Shumway, Durland L AD - Sustainable Agricultural Systems Laboratory, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, 10300 Baltimore Ave., Bldg. 001, Rm. 117, BARC-W, Beltsville MD 20705, steven.mirsky@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 1589 EP - 1596 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 South Segoe Rd Madison WI 53711 USA VL - 101 IS - 6 SN - 0002-1962, 0002-1962 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Growth rate KW - planting KW - Herbicides KW - phenology KW - Crops KW - agronomy KW - Soil KW - farms KW - cultivars KW - tillage KW - Secale cereale KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21264499?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agronomy+Journal&rft.atitle=Control+of+Cereal+Rye+with+a+Roller%2FCrimper+as+Influenced+by+Cover+Crop+Phenology&rft.au=Mirsky%2C+Steven+B%3BCurran%2C+William+S%3BMortensen%2C+David+A%3BRyan%2C+Matthew+R%3BShumway%2C+Durland+L&rft.aulast=Mirsky&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1589&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agronomy+Journal&rft.issn=00021962&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fagronj2009.0130 L2 - http://agron.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/101/6/1589.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth rate; Soil; farms; cultivars; planting; Herbicides; phenology; tillage; Crops; agronomy; Secale cereale DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj2009.0130 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Broiler Litter Fertilization and Cropping System Impacts on Soil Properties AN - 21259688; 11839994 AB - Understanding the effects of management practices on soil properties is necessary because soil properties are directly related to the capacity of soil to function. Soil physical, chemical and biological properties were determined after 3 yr in three cropping sequences [continuous cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) (CCC), cotton-corn (Zea mays L.)-cotton (CMC), and corn-cotton-cotton (MCC) each at four broiler litter fertilization rates (0, 4.5, 9, and 13.4 Mg ha super(-1)) to a soil depth of 15 cm on a Catalpa silty clay loam soil in Verona, MS. Inorganic N fertilizer was applied at the rate of 123 kg ha super(-1) yr super(-1) to cotton and 180 kg ha super(-1) yr super(-1) to corn. Averaged across crop sequences, broiler litter application significantly increased soil nutrient concentrations, microbial biomass C (MBC), total porosity, and aggregate stability (AS). The inclusion of corn into rotation with cotton increased soil MBC, AS, and reduced bulk density (D sub(b)). Application of broiler litter at rate greater than 9 Mg ha super(-1) to CCC resulted in increasing NO sub(3)-N concentration at the lower 30-cm depth and P accumulation by fourfold at the 0- to 5-cm depth. Rotating cotton with corn in this study improved soil quality parameters and decreased NO sub(3)-N and P accumulation at the soil surface by approximately 24 and 20%, respectively. Hence, corn is sown in rotation with cotton in Mississippi, the Mississippian cotton industry could potentially improve soil organic carbon, nutrient cycling, and soil quality if broiler litter is used as the nutrient source. JF - Agronomy Journal AU - Adeli, A AU - Tewolde, H AU - Sistani, K R AU - Rowe, DE AD - USDA-ARS Genetic and Precision Agricultural Research Unit, 810 Hwy. 12 E., Mississippi State, MS 39762, ardeshir.adeli@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 1304 EP - 1310 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 South Segoe Rd Madison WI 53711 USA VL - 101 IS - 6 SN - 0002-1962, 0002-1962 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Litter KW - Porosity KW - Carbon cycle KW - Nutrients KW - Soils (organic) KW - Biomass KW - Crops KW - Soil nutrients KW - Gossypium hirsutum KW - Physical training KW - Clays KW - Catalpa KW - Soil depth KW - Fertilizers KW - Fertilization KW - Zea mays KW - Soil properties KW - Nutrient sources KW - Soils (loam) KW - A 01380:Plant Protection, Fungicides & Seed Treatments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21259688?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agronomy+Journal&rft.atitle=Broiler+Litter+Fertilization+and+Cropping+System+Impacts+on+Soil+Properties&rft.au=Adeli%2C+A%3BTewolde%2C+H%3BSistani%2C+K+R%3BRowe%2C+DE&rft.aulast=Adeli&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1304&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agronomy+Journal&rft.issn=00021962&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fagronj2009.0150 L2 - http://agron.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/101/6/1304.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Litter; Porosity; Carbon cycle; Soils (organic); Nutrients; Biomass; Soil nutrients; Crops; Clays; Physical training; Soil depth; Fertilization; Fertilizers; Soil properties; Nutrient sources; Soils (loam); Catalpa; Zea mays; Gossypium hirsutum DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj2009.0150 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methods to prioritize placement of riparian buffers for improved water quality AN - 21259136; 11718125 AB - Agroforestry buffers in riparian zones can improve stream water quality, provided they intercept and remove contaminants from surface runoff and/or shallow groundwater. Soils, topography, surficial geology, and hydrology determine the capability of forest buffers to intercept and treat these flows. This paper describes two landscape analysis techniques for identifying and mapping locations where agroforestry buffers can effectively improve water quality. One technique employs soil survey information to rank soil map units for how effectively a buffer, when sited on them, would trap sediment from adjacent cropped fields. Results allow soil map units to be compared for relative effectiveness of buffers for improving water quality and, thereby, to prioritize locations for buffer establishment. A second technique uses topographic and streamflow information to help identify locations where buffers are most likely to intercept water moving towards streams. For example, the topographic wetness index, an indicator of potential soil saturation on given terrain, identifies where buffers can readily intercept surface runoff and/or shallow groundwater flows. Maps based on this index can be useful for site-specific buffer placement at farm and small-watershed scales. A case study utilizing this technique shows that riparian forests likely have the greatest potential to improve water quality along first-order streams, rather than larger streams. The two methods are complementary and could be combined, pending the outcome of future research. Both approaches also use data that are publicly available in the US. The information can guide projects and programs at scales ranging from farm-scale planning to regional policy implementation. JF - Agroforestry Systems AU - Tomer, Mark D AU - Dosskey, Michael G AU - Burkart, Michael R AU - James, David E AU - Helmers, Matthew J AU - Eisenhauer, Dean E AD - USDA/ARS National Soil Tilth Laboratory, 2110 University Blvd., Ames, IA, 50011, USA, mark.tomer@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 17 EP - 25 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 75 IS - 1 SN - 0167-4366, 0167-4366 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - water quality KW - Surface Runoff KW - buffers KW - Forests KW - Streams KW - Flow rates KW - agroforestry KW - Soil KW - farms KW - Soil Surveys KW - Riparian environments KW - Hydrology KW - Geology KW - Mapping KW - Topography KW - Sediment pollution KW - Soil Saturation KW - riparian forests KW - Landscape KW - Water Quality KW - Streamflow KW - case studies KW - soil surveys KW - Groundwater KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21259136?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agroforestry+Systems&rft.atitle=Methods+to+prioritize+placement+of+riparian+buffers+for+improved+water+quality&rft.au=Tomer%2C+Mark+D%3BDosskey%2C+Michael+G%3BBurkart%2C+Michael+R%3BJames%2C+David+E%3BHelmers%2C+Matthew+J%3BEisenhauer%2C+Dean+E&rft.aulast=Tomer&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agroforestry+Systems&rft.issn=01674366&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10457-008-9134-5 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water quality; Sediment pollution; buffers; riparian forests; Landscape; Forests; Streams; Flow rates; agroforestry; Soil; case studies; farms; soil surveys; Riparian environments; Hydrology; Geology; Mapping; Groundwater; Topography; Soil Saturation; Surface Runoff; Soil Surveys; Water Quality; Streamflow DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10457-008-9134-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Efficacy of fungicide mixtures for the management of Phytophthora infestans (US-1) on potato TT - Efficacite de melanges fongicides pour la lutte au Phytophthora infestans (US-1) chez la pomme de terre AN - 21255849; 11810442 AB - Fungicide application strategies (timing, frequency, rates and mixtures) are important for the control and resistance management of potato late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans. The efficacy of fungicide mixtures consisting of fenamidone + mancozeb and propamocarb HCL + mancozeb at various rates and in spray regimes containing metalaxyl and mancozeb was evaluated for late blight control (US-1) at four locations in Kenya. Propamocarb HCL + mancozeb significantly (P< 0.05) reduced foliar blight compared with mancozeb and the untreated control under moderate to severe disease pressure. Disease severity was significantly lower following application of propamocarb HCL + mancozeb at a rate of 4L ha super(-1) than at rates of 2L and 3L ha super(-1) in 1999 and 2000, but it was not significantly lower following applications at a rate of 3L ha super(-1) in 2000 and 2001. There were no significant differences in mean final late blight score among the three rates of 0.9, 1.0 and 1.1 kg ha super(-1) of fenamidone + mancozeb. All fungicide mixtures and application sequences significantly reduced the area under the disease progress curve and final late blight scores as compared with the unprotected control. Total and marketable tuber yield significantly (P < 0.05) increased in all fungicide-treated plots.Original Abstract: Les strategies d'application de fongicides (calendrier, frequence, taux et melanges) sont importantes pour la gestion et la lutte au mildiou de la pomme de terre, une maladie ceusee par le Phytophthora infestans. L'efficacite de melanges fongicides composes de fenamidone + mancozebe et de propamocarbe HCL + mancozebe a differents taux et differents regimes d'arrosage comprenant du metalaxyl et du mancozebe a ete evaluee en ce qui a trait a la lutte au mildiou (US-1) dans quatre sites au Keyna. Le melange compose de propamocarbe HCL + mancozebe a reduit le mildiou de facon significative (P < 0.05) comparativement au mancozebe utilise seul et au temoin lorsque la maladie etait de moderee a severe. La maladie etait significativement moins severe apres l'application de 4L ha super(-1) du melange compose de propamocarbe HCL + mancozebe qu'apres une application a des taux de 2L et 3L ha super(-1) en 1999 et 2000, mais elle n'etait pas significativement moins severe apres des applications de 3L ha super(-1) en 2000 et 2001. II n'y avait pas de difference significative dans le taux final moyen du mildiou entre les trois applications de 0,9, 1,0 et 1,1 kg ha super(-1) de fenamidone + mancozebe. Tous les melanges fongicides et les sequences d'application ont reduit de facon significative la surface sous la courbe de la progression de la maladie et les taux finaux de mildiou comparativement au temoin non protege. Le rendement total et le rendement de valeur marchande des tubercules ont augmente de facon significative (P < 0.05) dans toutes les parcelles traitees avec des fongicides. JF - Phytoprotection AU - Muchiri, F N AU - Narla, R D AU - Olanya, OM AU - Nyankanga, RO AU - Ariga, E S AD - USDA-ARS, New England Plant, Soil and Water Laboratory, Orono, ME 04469, USA, modesto.olanya@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 19 EP - 29 VL - 90 IS - 1 SN - 0031-9511, 0031-9511 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Environment Abstracts KW - Phytophthora infestans KW - Sprays KW - Mancozeb KW - Kenya KW - propamocarb KW - Metalaxyl KW - Late blight KW - Solanum tuberosum KW - Blight KW - Fungicides KW - Tubers KW - Pressure KW - A 01380:Plant Protection, Fungicides & Seed Treatments KW - ENA 21:Wildlife KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21255849?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytoprotection&rft.atitle=Efficacy+of+fungicide+mixtures+for+the+management+of+Phytophthora+infestans+%28US-1%29+on+potato&rft.au=Muchiri%2C+F+N%3BNarla%2C+R+D%3BOlanya%2C+OM%3BNyankanga%2C+RO%3BAriga%2C+E+S&rft.aulast=Muchiri&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=90&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=19&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytoprotection&rft.issn=00319511&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Metalaxyl; propamocarb; Late blight; Blight; Fungicides; Tubers; Mancozeb; Pressure; Sprays; Phytophthora infestans; Solanum tuberosum; Kenya ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Agroforestry: working trees for sequestering carbon on agricultural lands AN - 21251713; 11718116 AB - Agroforestry is an appealing option for sequestering carbon on agricultural lands because it can sequester significant amounts of carbon while leaving the bulk of the land in agricultural production. Simultaneously, it can help landowners and society address many other issues facing these lands, such as economic diversification, biodiversity, and water quality. Nonetheless, agroforestry remains under-recognized as a greenhouse gas mitigation option for agriculture in the US. Reasons for this include the limited information-base and number of tools agroforestry can currently offer as compared to that produced from the decades-worth of investment in agriculture and forestry, and agroforestry's cross-cutting nature that puts it at the interface of agriculture and forestry where it is not strongly supported or promoted by either. Agroforestry research is beginning to establish the scientific foundation required for building carbon accounting and modeling tools, but more progress is needed before it is readily accepted within agricultural greenhouse gas mitigation programs and, further, incorporated into the broader scope of sustainable agricultural management. Agroforestry needs to become part of the agricultural tool box and not viewed as something separate from it. Government policies and programs driving research direction and investment are being formulated with or without data in order to meet pressing needs. Enhanced communication of agroforestry's carbon co-benefit, as well as the other benefits afforded by these plantings, will help elevate agroforestry awareness within these discussions. This will be especially crucial in deliberations on such broad sweeping natural resource programs as the US Farm Bill. JF - Agroforestry Systems AU - Schoeneberger, M M AD - USDA National Agroforestry Center, Southern Research Station, East Campus-University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68583-0822, USA, mschoeneberger@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 27 EP - 37 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 75 IS - 1 SN - 0167-4366, 0167-4366 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - water quality KW - economic diversification KW - Trees KW - Agricultural production KW - Government policies KW - agriculture KW - Biological diversity KW - planting KW - agricultural land KW - agroforestry KW - Carbon sequestration KW - mitigation KW - foundations KW - Communications KW - Environmental accounting KW - farms KW - Natural resources KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Forestry KW - ENA 06:Food & Drugs KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21251713?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agroforestry+Systems&rft.atitle=Agroforestry%3A+working+trees+for+sequestering+carbon+on+agricultural+lands&rft.au=Schoeneberger%2C+M+M&rft.aulast=Schoeneberger&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=27&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agroforestry+Systems&rft.issn=01674366&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10457-008-9123-8 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water quality; economic diversification; Trees; Government policies; Agricultural production; agriculture; planting; Biological diversity; agricultural land; agroforestry; Carbon sequestration; foundations; mitigation; Communications; Environmental accounting; Natural resources; farms; Greenhouse gases; Forestry DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10457-008-9123-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Farmers' objectives toward their woodlands in the upper Midwest of the United States: implications for woodland volumes and diversity AN - 21250231; 11718117 AB - This paper reports the results of a study that explores the relationship between farm woodland owners' stated intentions for owning woodland, and the structure and composition of these woodlands in the states of Illinois, Indiana and Iowa in the upper Midwest of the United States. Data from two sample-based inventories conducted by the USDA Forest Service, Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program were combined for this analysis-the FIA forest resources inventory and the National Woodland Owner Survey (NWOS). We looked for relationships between product value and investment in woodlands, as reflected in volumes and tree quality. We also examined whether measures of diversity reflected specific management focus. Our results partially supported our hypotheses. Woodland-focused ownership reasons were found to have larger volumes and individual tree sizes. We found that a passive woodland ownership reason-that woods were 'part of the farm'-generally had lower volumes per hectare. Although we were not able to differentiate between different forest product classes and measures of volume, we did find that those landowners who harvested veneer had more volume than those who harvested for firewood. Woodland owners who salvage-harvested their woodlands-a harvesting reason that is more reactive than proactive-exhibited lower volumes per hectare than those who harvested for more proactive, product-focused reasons. Biodiversity was also found to be related to the ownership focus and harvest intent. Generally, there was lower diversity in overstory species when the woodland was viewed merely as 'part of the farm,' when the product harvested was fence posts and when timber was harvested for salvage or land clearing. The small sample size limits our analysis, but we can conclude that focusing the woodland owners on management of their woodlands-regardless of what the specific management goals might be-should increase productivity and biodiversity of those woodlands. JF - Agroforestry Systems AU - Moser, WKeith AU - Leatherberry, Earl C AU - Hansen, Mark H AU - Butler, Brett J AD - USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, 1992 Folwell Ave., St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA, wkmoser@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 49 EP - 60 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 75 IS - 1 SN - 0167-4366, 0167-4366 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - USA, Illinois KW - Trees KW - Forests KW - Biological diversity KW - forest products KW - Wood KW - agroforestry KW - USA, Indiana KW - forest resources KW - USA, Iowa KW - farms KW - harvesting KW - ENA 06:Food & Drugs KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21250231?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agroforestry+Systems&rft.atitle=Farmers%27+objectives+toward+their+woodlands+in+the+upper+Midwest+of+the+United+States%3A+implications+for+woodland+volumes+and+diversity&rft.au=Moser%2C+WKeith%3BLeatherberry%2C+Earl+C%3BHansen%2C+Mark+H%3BButler%2C+Brett+J&rft.aulast=Moser&rft.aufirst=WKeith&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=49&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agroforestry+Systems&rft.issn=01674366&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10457-008-9124-7 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - forest resources; Trees; harvesting; farms; Wood; forest products; Biological diversity; Forests; agroforestry; USA, Indiana; USA, Iowa; USA, Illinois DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10457-008-9124-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Filling the gap: improving estimates of working tree resources in agricultural landscapes AN - 21250173; 11718118 AB - Agroforestry plantings and other trees intentionally established in rural and urban areas are emerging as innovative management options for addressing resource issues and achieving landscape-level goals. An understanding of the ecosystem services contributed by these and future plantings would provide critical information to policy and program developers, and a comprehensive inventory would contribute to estimating the cumulative effects of these plantings. Trees used in these practices are not explicitly inventoried by the primary national forest resource inventory of the United States: the Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program of the USDA Forest Service. The FIA program currently limits its inventories to trees in forests meeting specific size and density criteria, but the draft FIA Strategic Plan suggests the addition of an 'other treed land inventory' (excluding urban forests). In this study, we use FIA data to estimate the agroforestry and other tree resources of the Midwest and document some obstacles to effective inventories of agroforestry practices. We compare our estimates of forestland area in the Midwest to those derived from MODIS (MODerate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) Vegetative Continuous Fields (VCF). The differences between these two estimates, particularly in sparsely forested states, support the idea that the expansion of the FIA program to an all-tree inventory would fill an important gap. We propose minor modifications to the inventory that would lead to an improved assessment of agroforestry and other tree resources and practices. JF - Agroforestry Systems AU - Perry, CH AU - Woodall, C W AU - Liknes, G C AU - Schoeneberger, M M AD - USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, 1992 Folwell Avenue, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA, charleshperry@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 91 EP - 101 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 75 IS - 1 SN - 0167-4366, 0167-4366 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - USA KW - Trees KW - Forests KW - planting KW - agricultural land KW - innovations KW - agroforestry KW - Rural areas KW - national forests KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 05:Environmental Design & Urban Ecology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21250173?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agroforestry+Systems&rft.atitle=Filling+the+gap%3A+improving+estimates+of+working+tree+resources+in+agricultural+landscapes&rft.au=Perry%2C+CH%3BWoodall%2C+C+W%3BLiknes%2C+G+C%3BSchoeneberger%2C+M+M&rft.aulast=Perry&rft.aufirst=CH&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=91&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agroforestry+Systems&rft.issn=01674366&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10457-008-9125-6 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Trees; planting; Forests; agricultural land; innovations; national forests; Rural areas; agroforestry; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10457-008-9125-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis for discrimination of Salmonella enterica strains belonging to different serovars AN - 21211509; 11173216 AB - Seven variable-number tandem repeat (VNTR) markers, which had previously proven to be suitable for typing of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium or S. enterica serovar Enteritidis, were evaluated for their discrimination power in multilocus VNTR analysis (MLVA) on a panel of 83 S. enterica strains belonging to 23 different serovars, which had been isolated from food and animal samples. Strains varied not only in numbers of tandem repeats, but also in the presence or absence of VNTR alleles. The greatest polymorphism was observed in STTR5, STTR3 and STTR7 loci. Based on combined allelic profiles of all seven VNTR loci, it was possible to distinguish as many as 50 different MLVA profiles. The MLVA clustering of strains parallelled serotyping results to a reasonable extent. In addition, a high degree of intra-serovar variability was observed in strains of serovars Bareilly, Bredeney, Dublin, Enteritidis, Havana, Saintpaul, Senftenberg, Schwarzengrund and Typhimurium. MLVA proved to be more discriminative than dnaN housekeeping gene sequencing. The optimized MLVA method can be advantageously used in tracing of Salmonella contamination of food products. JF - Journal of Food and Nutrition Research AU - Drahovska, H AU - Tothova, L AU - Szemes, T AU - Al-Alami, H AU - Brotanova, D AU - Soltysova, A AU - Turna, J AD - Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Mlynska dolina, pavilion B-2, SK - 842 15 Bratislava 4, Slovakia, drahovska@fns.uniba.sk Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 153 EP - 160 VL - 48 IS - 3 SN - 1336-8672, 1336-8672 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Typing KW - Salmonella enterica KW - Food KW - Serotyping KW - Food contamination KW - N 14815:Nucleotide Sequence KW - J 02320:Cell Biology KW - G 07770:Bacteria UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21211509?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Food+and+Nutrition+Research&rft.atitle=Multiple-locus+variable-number+tandem+repeat+analysis+for+discrimination+of+Salmonella+enterica+strains+belonging+to+different+serovars&rft.au=Drahovska%2C+H%3BTothova%2C+L%3BSzemes%2C+T%3BAl-Alami%2C+H%3BBrotanova%2C+D%3BSoltysova%2C+A%3BTurna%2C+J&rft.aulast=Drahovska&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=153&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Food+and+Nutrition+Research&rft.issn=13368672&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Typing; Food; Serotyping; Food contamination; Salmonella enterica ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Life-history traits of invasive bighead goby Neogobius kessleri (Gunther, 1861) from the middle Danube River, with a reflection on which goby species may win the competition AN - 21146574; 11290890 AB - Life history traits of an invasive population of bighead goby Neogobius kesslerei (Gunther, 1861) from the middle Danube, including absolute and relative fecundity, egg size, number of spawning batches and size at first maturation, were examined and evaluated within an epigenetic context. Ripe bighead goby females attained 42.8-142.5 mm L S, with absolute fecundities ranging from 669 to 5646 eggs (mean 2109 eggs), and relative fecundities of 61.6-174.0 eggs g -1 body weight (mean 119.6 eggs). Egg diameters varied between 0.04 mm and 1.70 mm (mean = 0.57 mm). In the pre-spawning period there was no clear size distinction in eggs (0.12-1.45 mm; mean = 0.52 mm) in 34.1/0 of females; whereas in 65.9% of females, two egg size groups were distinguished: group 1 diameters of 0.06-0.85 mm (mean = 0.43 mm), and group II diameters of 0.55-1.70 mm (mean = 1.17 mm). Females with size-group II eggs at the beginning of the reproductive season were assumed to be ready to spawn and the others to be subsequent spawners. Bighead goby appears to be altricial compared to the round goby, although in both species a shift from highly precocial towards a less precocial life history was observed. These differences, affected by epigenetic mechanisms and resulting in alternative ontogenies, may have important implications for a species' potential success in novel environments, favouring the round goby over short time periods (several years) and bighead goby over longer periods of time (decades and longer). JF - Journal of Applied Ichthyology/Zeitschrift fur angewandte Ichthyologie AU - Kovac, V AU - Copp, G H AU - Sousa, R P AD - Department of Ecology, Comenius University, Mlynska dolina B2, SK-842 15 Bratislava Slovakia, kovac@fns.uniba.sk Y1 - 2009///0, PY - 2009 DA - 0, 2009 SP - 33 EP - 37 VL - 25 IS - 1 SN - 0175-8659, 0175-8659 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Slovakia, Bratislava, Danube R. KW - Fish eggs KW - Freshwater KW - Eggs KW - Neogobius KW - Weight KW - Interspecific relationships KW - Body weight KW - History KW - Ontogeny KW - Brackishwater fish KW - Rivers KW - Europe, Danube R. KW - Spawning populations KW - Spawning KW - Length-weight relationships KW - Fecundity KW - Sexual maturity KW - Neogobius kessleri KW - Introduced species KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0835:Streamflow and runoff KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology KW - Q1 08344:Reproduction and development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21146574?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Ichthyology%2FZeitschrift+fur+angewandte+Ichthyologie&rft.atitle=Life-history+traits+of+invasive+bighead+goby+Neogobius+kessleri+%28Gunther%2C+1861%29+from+the+middle+Danube+River%2C+with+a+reflection+on+which+goby+species+may+win+the+competition&rft.au=Kovac%2C+V%3BCopp%2C+G+H%3BSousa%2C+R+P&rft.aulast=Kovac&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Ichthyology%2FZeitschrift+fur+angewandte+Ichthyologie&rft.issn=01758659&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1439-0426.2008.01189.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-12-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Physical medium: Printed matter N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Length-weight relationships; Fecundity; Body weight; Interspecific relationships; Spawning populations; Sexual maturity; Fish eggs; Ontogeny; Brackishwater fish; Introduced species; Weight; History; Spawning; Eggs; Neogobius; Neogobius kessleri; Slovakia, Bratislava, Danube R.; Europe, Danube R.; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2008.01189.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Deterministic Analysis and Upscaling of Bromide Transport in a Heterogeneous Vadose Zone AN - 21115237; 11066116 AB - Conservative solute transport experiments were conducted at a field plot and on an undisturbed soil core from the same site. The hydraulic and solute transport properties were extensively characterized so that the data could be analyzed from a deterministic perspective. To investigate the influence of scale and conceptual model on solute transport in the relatively homogeneous upper soil profile of the field site, breakthrough curves that were collected at different depths in the undisturbed column and in the field experiments were compared and analyzed. The mobile-immobile model provided a physically realistic description of the column data that was largely independent of the transport distance, and upscaling from the undisturbed core to the field plot was relatively successful. Mean and variance of the Br super(-) travel times were controlled by plot-scale variability in soil water content and heterogeneity, which was overcome by averaging the concentration values from four locations at the same depth and time, and analyzing the Br super(-) transport behavior as a one-dimensional process. Differences between the measured and simulated mass balances, average concentration, and the variations in concentration were predicted reasonably well across depth and time. Although prediction of the exact concentration information at a given point was not achieved, this study demonstrates that area-average Br super(-) transport in a heterogeneous vadose zone can be deterministically quantified. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Segal, Eran AU - Shouse, Peter AU - Bradford, Scott A AD - Dep. of Environmental Sciences, Univ. of California, Riverside, CA 92507, Scott.Bradford@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009///0, PY - 2009 DA - 0, 2009 SP - 601 EP - 610 PB - Soil Science Society of America, 677 South Segoe Rd Maxison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.soils.org/] VL - 8 IS - 3 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Hydraulics KW - Variability KW - Vadose waters KW - Field Tests KW - Traveltime KW - Solutes KW - Cores KW - Solute Transport KW - Bromides KW - Soils KW - Soil moisture KW - Vadose Water KW - Heterogeneity KW - Soil Profile KW - Modelling KW - Q2 09103:Information services KW - SW 0845:Water in soils KW - M2 556.14:Infiltration/Soil Moisture (556.14) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21115237?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Deterministic+Analysis+and+Upscaling+of+Bromide+Transport+in+a+Heterogeneous+Vadose+Zone&rft.au=Segal%2C+Eran%3BShouse%2C+Peter%3BBradford%2C+Scott+A&rft.aulast=Segal&rft.aufirst=Eran&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=601&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fvzj2008.0173 L2 - http://vzj.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/8/3/601.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Solutes; Bromides; Soils; Modelling; Vadose waters; Soil moisture; Hydraulics; Variability; Cores; Solute Transport; Field Tests; Traveltime; Heterogeneity; Vadose Water; Soil Profile DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/vzj2008.0173 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - COMPARISON OF THE SENSITIVITY OF FOUR FRESHWATER MICROALGAE TO SELENATE AND SELENITE AN - 21109675; 11330128 AB - Algal communities play a crucial role in aquatic food chains by transfer and bioaccumulation of selenium to higher trophic levels. The inhibitory effect of selenium compounds in two oxidation states Se(IV) (SeO sub(2), H sub(2)SeO sub(3), Na sub(2)SeO sub(3)) and Se(VI) (Na sub(2)Se0 sub(4) and H sub(2)Se0 sub(4)(nia) sub(3)) on growth, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b production of algae Desmodesmus quadricauda, Desmodesmus subspicatus, Chlorella vulgaris and Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata was investigated. The effect of selenium compounds was dependent on the concentration and chemical species of the element. All salts of selenium inhibited growth of the algae when compared to controls. For single algae and tested metals, the following rank orders for growth inhibition can be established: D. quadricauda: H sub(2)Se0 sub(3) . H sub(2)SeO sub(4)(nia) sub(3) = SeO sub(2) >> Na sub(2)Se0 sub(3) >> Na sub(2)SeO sub(4); D. subspicatus: H sub(2)Se0 sub(3) >> SeO sub(2) > Na sub(2)SeO sub(3) >> H sub(2)Se0 sub(4)(nia) sub(3) >> Na sub(2)Se0 sub(4); C. vulgaris: SeO sub(2) >> H sub(2)SeO sub(3) . H sub(2)SeO sub(4)(nia) sub(3) > Na sub(2)SeO sub(3) >> Na sub(2)SeO sub(4); P. subcapitata: H sub(2)SeO sub(4)(nia) sub(3) . SeO sub(2) > H sub(2)Se0 sub(3) >> Na sub(2)SeO sub(4) > Na sub(2)Se0 sub(3). D. subspicatus was the most sensitive to selenites, while in presence of selenates, D. quadricauda exhibited the highest sensitivity. Alga D. subspicatus appeared to be approximately three times more sensitive to H sub(2)SeO sub(3)than D. quadricauda. Na sub(2)Se0 sub(4)had the weakest and H sub(2)Se0 sub(3)the strongest inhibitory effect on chlorophyll production of all tested algae. JF - Fresenius Environmental Bulletin AU - Pastierova, J AU - Kramarova, Z AU - Molnarova, M AU - Fargasova, A AD - Comenius University Bratislava, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Ecosozology and Physiotactics, Mlynskd dolina, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovak Republic, fargasova@fns.uniba.sk Y1 - 2009///0, PY - 2009 DA - 0, 2009 SP - 2029 EP - 2033 PB - Parlar Scientific Publications, Angerstr 12 Freising 85354 Germany VL - 18 IS - 11 SN - 1018-4619, 1018-4619 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Chlorophylls KW - Chlorophyll KW - Food chains KW - Selenium compounds KW - Food Chains KW - Chemical speciation KW - Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata KW - Algae KW - Testing Procedures KW - Sensitivity KW - Metals KW - Freshwater environments KW - Inland water environment KW - Trophic levels KW - Salts KW - Oxidation KW - Algal Growth KW - Selenium KW - Growth KW - Desmodesmus subspicatus KW - selenite KW - Chlorella KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Chlorella vulgaris KW - SW 0880:Chemical processes KW - Q1 08482:Ecosystems and energetics KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - K 03450:Ecology KW - ENA 19:Water Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21109675?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fresenius+Environmental+Bulletin&rft.atitle=COMPARISON+OF+THE+SENSITIVITY+OF+FOUR+FRESHWATER+MICROALGAE+TO+SELENATE+AND+SELENITE&rft.au=Pastierova%2C+J%3BKramarova%2C+Z%3BMolnarova%2C+M%3BFargasova%2C+A&rft.aulast=Pastierova&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2029&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fresenius+Environmental+Bulletin&rft.issn=10184619&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Selenium; Selenium compounds; Chlorophylls; Growth; Bioaccumulation; Food chains; Inland water environment; Trophic levels; Algae; Salts; Metals; Chlorophyll; Freshwater environments; Oxidation; selenite; Sensitivity; Chemical speciation; Testing Procedures; Food Chains; Algal Growth; Chlorella; Chlorella vulgaris; Desmodesmus subspicatus; Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of Tillage Systems for Grain Sorghum and Wheat Yields and Total Nitrogen Uptake in the Texas Blackland Prairie AN - 21069726; 11148759 AB - Recently, there has been an increased interest in cropping systems such as conservation-tillage; however, determining the best alternative between cropping system options is often complicated by disparities in research results due to seasonal variability. The economic cost of the systems further complicates the determination of the best alternative for sustainable crop production. To evaluate tillage systems using experimental data, a computer simulation approach called fuzzy multi-attributive decision-making (MAMD) can be applied. In this study, MAMD was applied to research the impact of conservation tillage and conventional tillage systems with and without raised wide beds on yield and nitrogen (N) uptake in grain sorghum and wheat for soils of the Texas Blackland Prairie. Results of yield and N uptake data for 4 years (1994-1997) indicated that the various tillage systems had merits and demerits across the different years of study. The economic conditions of the cropping systems were also utilized in the evaluation. Utilization of this technique indicated that the no-tillage cropping system with wide beds was the best tillage system of the ones evaluated. JF - Journal of Sustainable Agriculture AU - Torbert, HA AU - Krueger, E AU - Kurtener, D AU - Potter, K N AD - USDA-ARS National Soil Dynamics Laboratory, Auburn, Alabama, USA Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 96 EP - 106 VL - 33 IS - 1 SN - 1044-0046, 1044-0046 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - wheat KW - sustainable agriculture KW - prairies KW - crop yield KW - Simulation KW - Sustainable development KW - crop production KW - no-till cropping KW - Soil KW - Triticum aestivum KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - Economics KW - Conservation KW - USA, Texas KW - economic conditions KW - tillage KW - Seasonal variations KW - Sorghum KW - Nitrogen KW - ENA 06:Food & Drugs KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21069726?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Sustainable+Agriculture&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+Tillage+Systems+for+Grain+Sorghum+and+Wheat+Yields+and+Total+Nitrogen+Uptake+in+the+Texas+Blackland+Prairie&rft.au=Torbert%2C+HA%3BKrueger%2C+E%3BKurtener%2C+D%3BPotter%2C+K+N&rft.aulast=Torbert&rft.aufirst=HA&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=96&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Sustainable+Agriculture&rft.issn=10440046&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F10440040802587397 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - wheat; prairies; sustainable agriculture; crop yield; Sustainable development; Simulation; no-till cropping; crop production; Soil; Sulfur dioxide; Economics; Conservation; tillage; economic conditions; Seasonal variations; Nitrogen; Triticum aestivum; Sorghum; USA, Texas DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10440040802587397 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Detection of microbial biofilms on food processing surfaces: hyperspectral fluorescence imaging study AN - 21010801; 9428111 AB - We used a portable hyperspectral fluorescence imaging system to evaluate biofilm formations on four types of food processing surface materials including stainless steel, polypropylene used for cutting boards, and household counter top materials such as formica and granite. The objective of this investigation was to determine a minimal number of spectral bands suitable to differentiate microbial biofilm formation from the four background materials typically used during food processing. Ultimately, the resultant spectral information will be used in development of handheld portable imaging devices that can be used as visual aid tools for sanitation and safety inspection (microbial contamination) of the food processing surfaces. Pathogenic E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella cells were grown in low strength M9 minimal medium on various surfaces at 22 +/- 2 for 2 days for biofilm formation. Biofilm autofluorescence under UV excitation (320 to 400 nm) obtained by hyperspectral fluorescence imaging system showed broad emissions in the blue-green regions of the spectrum with emission maxima at approximately 480 nm for both E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella biofilms. Fluorescence images at 480 nm revealed that for background materials with near-uniform fluorescence responses such as stainless steel and formica cutting board, regardless of the background intensity, biofilm formation can be distinguished. This suggested that a broad spectral band in the blue-green regions can be used for handheld imaging devices for sanitation inspection of stainless, cutting board, and formica surfaces. The non-uniform fluorescence responses of granite make distinctions between biofilm and background difficult. To further investigate potential detection of the biofilm formations on granite surfaces with multispectral approaches, principal component analysis (PCA) was performed using the hyperspectral fluorescence image data. The resultant PCA score images revealed distinct contrast between biofilms and granite surfaces. This investigation demonstrated that biofilm formations on food processing surfaces, even for background materials with heterogeneous fluorescence responses, can be detected. Furthermore, a multispectral approach in developing handheld inspection devices may be needed to inspect surface materials that exhibit non-uniform fluorescence. JF - Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering AU - Jun, Won AU - Kim, Moon S AU - Chao, Kaunglin AU - Lefcourt, Alan M AU - Roberts, Michael S AU - McNaughton, James L AD - USDA Agricultural Research Service (USA) Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 PB - SPIE, P.O. BOX 10 Bellingham WA 98227-0010 USA, [mailto:spie@spie.org], [URL:http://spie.org] VL - 7315 SN - 0277-786X, 0277-786X KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Entomology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Environment Abstracts KW - Article no. 73150S KW - Food processing KW - Agriculture KW - Formica KW - inspection KW - cuttings KW - polypropylene KW - Sanitation KW - Escherichia coli KW - Emissions KW - Steel KW - Biofilms KW - Food quality KW - granite KW - Fluorescence KW - Data processing KW - Food contamination KW - imaging KW - safety engineering KW - Principal components analysis KW - Salmonella KW - stainless steel KW - Z 05300:General KW - J 02320:Cell Biology KW - A 01300:Methods KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21010801?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+SPIE+-+The+International+Society+for+Optical+Engineering&rft.atitle=Detection+of+microbial+biofilms+on+food+processing+surfaces%3A+hyperspectral+fluorescence+imaging+study&rft.au=Jun%2C+Won%3BKim%2C+Moon+S%3BChao%2C+Kaunglin%3BLefcourt%2C+Alan+M%3BRoberts%2C+Michael+S%3BMcNaughton%2C+James+L&rft.aulast=Jun&rft.aufirst=Won&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=7315&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+SPIE+-+The+International+Society+for+Optical+Engineering&rft.issn=0277786X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1117%2F12.818837 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Session: Hyperspectral Imaging for Food Safety N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agriculture; Food processing; Data processing; Sanitation; Fluorescence; Principal components analysis; Biofilms; Food quality; Food contamination; polypropylene; imaging; stainless steel; safety engineering; Emissions; Steel; cuttings; inspection; granite; Formica; Escherichia coli; Salmonella DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.818837 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sources, transformations, and hydrological processes that control stream nitrate and dissolved organic matter concentrations during snowmelt in an upland forest AN - 20995310; 8876752 AB - We explored catchment processes that control stream nutrient concentrations at an upland forest in northeastern Vermont, USA, where inputs of nitrogen via atmospheric deposition are among the highest in the nation and affect ecosystem functioning. We traced sources of water, nitrate, and dissolved organic matter (DOM) using stream water samples collected at high frequency during spring snowmelt. Hydrochemistry, isotopic tracers, and end-member mixing analyses suggested the timing, sources, and source areas from which water and nutrients entered the stream. Although stream-dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) both originated from leaching of soluble organic matter, flushing responses between these two DOM components varied because of dynamic shifts of hydrological flow paths and sources that supply the highest concentrations of DOC and DON. High concentrations of stream water nitrate originated from atmospheric sources as well as nitrified sources from catchment soils. We detected nitrification in surficial soils during late snowmelt which affected the nitrate supply that was available to be transported to streams. However, isotopic tracers showed that the majority of nitrate in upslope surficial soil waters after the onset of snowmelt originated from atmospheric sources. A fraction of the atmospheric nitrogen was directly delivered to the stream, and this finding highlights the importance of quick flow pathways during snowmelt events. These findings indicate that interactions among sources, transformations, and hydrologic transport processes must be deciphered to understand why concentrations vary over time and over space as well as to elucidate the direct effects of human activities on nutrient dynamics in upland forest streams. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Sebestyen, Stephen D AU - Boyer, Elizabeth W AU - Shanley, James B AU - Kendall, Carol AU - Doctor, Daniel H AU - Aiken, George R AU - Ohte, Nobuhito AD - Northern Research Station, Forest Service, USDA, Grand Rapids, Minnesota, USA Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - January 2009 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 USA, [mailto:service@agu.org] VL - 44 IS - 12 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - W12410 KW - atmospheric nitrate KW - DOM composition KW - hydrological flushing KW - nitrate isotopes KW - nitrogen sources KW - snowmelt KW - 1806 Hydrology: Chemistry of fresh water KW - 1804 Hydrology: Catchment KW - 0454 Biogeosciences: Isotopic composition and chemistry (1041, 4870) KW - 0470 Biogeosciences: Nutrients and nutrient cycling (4845, 4850) KW - Dissolved Solids KW - Hydrochemistry KW - Organic carbon KW - Forests KW - transport processes KW - Water resources KW - Man-induced effects KW - Nutrients KW - Soil KW - Space exploration KW - Dissolved organic nitrogen KW - Stream Pollution KW - nutrient dynamics KW - Hydrologic analysis KW - Catchment Areas KW - Pollutant deposition KW - Nitrification KW - Dissolved organic matter KW - Catchments KW - Human factors KW - Soil moisture KW - Nitrogen KW - Catchment area KW - Snow melting KW - Water sampling KW - Streams KW - Tracers KW - Catchment basins KW - Snowmelt in forests KW - Water springs KW - organic nitrogen KW - Dissolved organic carbon KW - Leaching KW - Nitrates KW - dissolved organic matter KW - Organic matter KW - Snowmelt KW - Isotopic Tracers KW - Water wells KW - Water resources research KW - USA, Vermont KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q2 09185:Organic compounds KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - SW 0835:Streamflow and runoff KW - M2 556.11:Water properties (556.11) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20995310?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Sources%2C+transformations%2C+and+hydrological+processes+that+control+stream+nitrate+and+dissolved+organic+matter+concentrations+during+snowmelt+in+an+upland+forest&rft.au=Sebestyen%2C+Stephen+D%3BBoyer%2C+Elizabeth+W%3BShanley%2C+James+B%3BKendall%2C+Carol%3BDoctor%2C+Daniel+H%3BAiken%2C+George+R%3BOhte%2C+Nobuhito&rft.aulast=Sebestyen&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2008WR006983 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Catchment area; Leaching; Nitrification; Organic matter; Dissolved organic matter; Dissolved organic nitrogen; Man-induced effects; Water resources; Dissolved organic carbon; Snow melting; Hydrochemistry; Hydrologic analysis; Snowmelt in forests; Catchment basins; Space exploration; Soil moisture; Water resources research; nutrient dynamics; Water sampling; Nitrates; dissolved organic matter; Organic carbon; transport processes; Forests; Soil; Tracers; Pollutant deposition; Snowmelt; Catchments; Water wells; Water springs; organic nitrogen; Human factors; Nitrogen; Dissolved Solids; Catchment Areas; Isotopic Tracers; Nutrients; Stream Pollution; Streams; USA, Vermont DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008WR006983 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phosphorus Forms in Conventional and Organic Dairy Manure Identified by Solution and Solid State P-31 NMR Spectroscopy AN - 20973328; 11065697 AB - Organic dairy production has increased rapidly in recent years. Organic dairy cows (Bos taurus) generally eat different diets than their conventional counterparts. Although these differences could impact availability, utilization, and cycling of manure nutrients, little such information is available to aid organic dairy farmers in making nutrient and manure management decisions. In this study, we comparatively characterized P in organic and conventional dairy manure using solution and solid state super(31)P NMR spectroscopic techniques. Phosphorus in both types of dairy manure was extracted with water, Na acetate buffer (100 mmol L super(-1), pH 5.0) plus 20 mg Na dithionite mL super(-1), or 0.025 mol L super(-1) NaOH with 50 mmolL super(-1) EDTA. Solution NMR analysis revealed that organic dairy manure contained about 10% more inorganic phosphate than conventional dairy manure. Whereas organic dairy manure did contain slightly more phytate P, it contained 30 to 50% less monoester P than conventional dairy manure. Solid state NMR spectroscopy revealed that mono-, di-, and trivalent metal P species with different stabilities were present in the two dairy manures. Conventional dairy manure contained relatively higher contents of soluble inorganic P species and stable metal phytate species. In contrast, organic dairy manure contained more Ca and Mg species of P. These results indicate that P transformation rates and quantities should be expected to differ between organic and conventional dairy manures. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - He, Zhongqi AU - Honeycutt, CWayne AU - Griffin, Timothy S AU - Cade-Menun, Barbara J AU - Pellechia, Perry J AU - Dou, Zhengxia AD - USDA-ARS, New England Plant, Soil, and Water Lab., Orono, ME 04469, Zhongqi.He@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 1909 EP - 1918 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 South Segoe Rd Madison WI 53711 USA VL - 38 IS - 5 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - nutrients KW - Diets KW - Metals KW - Dairies KW - Animal wastes KW - Manure KW - Phosphates KW - Bos taurus KW - NMR KW - Spectroscopy KW - ENA 06:Food & Drugs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20973328?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Phosphorus+Forms+in+Conventional+and+Organic+Dairy+Manure+Identified+by+Solution+and+Solid+State+P-31+NMR+Spectroscopy&rft.au=He%2C+Zhongqi%3BHoneycutt%2C+CWayne%3BGriffin%2C+Timothy+S%3BCade-Menun%2C+Barbara+J%3BPellechia%2C+Perry+J%3BDou%2C+Zhengxia&rft.aulast=He&rft.aufirst=Zhongqi&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1909&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fjeq2008.0445 L2 - http://jeq.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/38/5/1909.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diets; nutrients; Metals; Dairies; Phosphates; Manure; Animal wastes; NMR; Spectroscopy; Bos taurus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2008.0445 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing Indices for Predicting Potential Nitrogen Mineralization in Soils under Different Management Systems AN - 20971509; 11066090 AB - A reliable laboratory index of N availability would be useful for making N recommendations, but no single approach has received broad acceptance across a wide range of soils. We compared several indices over a range of soil conditions to test the possibility of combining indices for predicting potentially mineralizable N (N sub(0)). Soils (0-5 and 5-15 cm) from nine tillage studies across the southern USA were used in the evaluations. Long-term incubation data were fit to a first-order exponential equation to determine N sub(0), k (mineralization rate), and N sub(0)* (N sub(0) estimated with a fixed k equal to 0.054 wk super(-1)). Out of 13 indices, five [total C (TC), total N (TN), N mineralized by hot KCl (Hot_N), anaerobic N (Ana_N), and N mineralized in 24 d (Nmin_24)] were strongly correlated to N sub(0) (r > 0.85) and had linear regressions with r super(2) > 0.60. None of the indices were good predictors of k. Correlations between indices and N sub(0)* improved compared with N sub(0), ranging from r = 0.90 to 0.95. Total N and flush of CO sub(2) determined after 3 d (Fl_CO2) produced the best multiple regression for predicting N sub(0) (R super(2) = 0.85) while the best combination for predicting N sub(0)* (R super(2) = 0.94) included TN, Fl_CO2 sub(,) Cold_N, and NaOH_N. Combining indices appears promising for predicting potentially mineralizable N, and because TN and Fl_CO2 are rapid and simple, this approach could be easily adopted by soil testing laboratories. JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Schomberg, Harry H AU - Wietholter, Sirio AU - Griffin, Timothy S AU - Reeves, DWayne AU - Cabrera, Miguel L AU - Fisher, Dwight S AU - Endale, Dinku M AU - Novak, Jeff M AU - Balkcom, Kip S AU - Raper, Randy L AU - Kitchen, Newell R AU - Locke, Martin A AU - Potter, Kenneth N AU - Schwartz, Robert C AU - Truman, Clinton C AU - Tyler, Don D AD - USDA-ARS, J. Phil Campbell, Sr., Natural Resource Conservation Center, Watkinsville, GA 30677, harry.schomberg@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 1575 EP - 1586 PB - Soil Science Society of America VL - 73 IS - 5 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Soil KW - USA KW - tillage KW - Mineralization KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Nitrogen KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 15:Renewable Resources-Terrestrial UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20971509?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=Assessing+Indices+for+Predicting+Potential+Nitrogen+Mineralization+in+Soils+under+Different+Management+Systems&rft.au=Schomberg%2C+Harry+H%3BWietholter%2C+Sirio%3BGriffin%2C+Timothy+S%3BReeves%2C+DWayne%3BCabrera%2C+Miguel+L%3BFisher%2C+Dwight+S%3BEndale%2C+Dinku+M%3BNovak%2C+Jeff+M%3BBalkcom%2C+Kip+S%3BRaper%2C+Randy+L%3BKitchen%2C+Newell+R%3BLocke%2C+Martin+A%3BPotter%2C+Kenneth+N%3BSchwartz%2C+Robert+C%3BTruman%2C+Clinton+C%3BTyler%2C+Don+D&rft.aulast=Schomberg&rft.aufirst=Harry&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1575&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fsssaj2008.0303 L2 - http://soil.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/73/5/1575.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; tillage; Carbon dioxide; Mineralization; Nitrogen; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2008.0303 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil Water and Shallow Groundwater Relations in an Agricultural Hillslope AN - 20969169; 11066077 AB - Shallow water tables can contribute water for plant use; therefore, plant available water includes not only the water stored in the root zone, but also the water moving up from below the root zone. The purpose of this study was to quantify the amount of water moving upward to the root zone. Automated water content reflectometers were used to monitor soil water content across a landscape in Central Iowa, which had varying shallow water tables. Either manual or automated water table depths were measured. Tipping bucket raingage and eddy covariance evapotranspiration (ET) methods were used to measure rain and evapotranspiration as part of the water balance. Upward water movement ranges were determined from water balance and uncertainties for each component (rain, ET, change in soil water content). In 2006 out of 53 dry days (days that did not have any rain), 37, 43, and 46 d showed net upward flux for shoulder, backslope, and toeslope positions, shown by an uncertainty range that did not overlap zero. In 2007, 37 out of 62 dry days showed net upward flux for the toeslope position. The mean significant net upward flux for dry days was 2.6, 3.2, and 3.1 mm d super(-1) for the shoulder, backslope, and toeslope positions in 2006, and 2.5 mm d super(-1) for the toeslope position in 2007. Mean ET on nonrain days was 4.0 and 4.1 mm d super(-1) in 2006 and 2007. Automated equipment used to develop a water balance approach provided a quantitative approach to estimate net upward soil water flux in agricultural fields. JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Logsdon, S D AU - Hernandez-Ramirez, G AU - Hatfield, J L AU - Sauer, T J AU - Prueger, J H AU - Schilling, KE AD - National Soil Tilth Lab, 2110 University Blvd., Ames, IA 50011, sally.logsdon@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 1461 EP - 1468 PB - Soil Science Society of America VL - 73 IS - 5 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Hydrologic Budget KW - Automation KW - Evapotranspiration KW - Soil Water KW - Shallow Water KW - Root Zone KW - USA, Iowa KW - Rain KW - Groundwater KW - Fluctuations KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0815:Precipitation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20969169?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=Soil+Water+and+Shallow+Groundwater+Relations+in+an+Agricultural+Hillslope&rft.au=Logsdon%2C+S+D%3BHernandez-Ramirez%2C+G%3BHatfield%2C+J+L%3BSauer%2C+T+J%3BPrueger%2C+J+H%3BSchilling%2C+KE&rft.aulast=Logsdon&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1461&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fsssaj2008.0385 L2 - http://soil.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/73/5/1461.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Root Zone; Automation; Hydrologic Budget; Evapotranspiration; Rain; Soil Water; Groundwater; Shallow Water; Fluctuations; USA, Iowa DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2008.0385 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dietary Protein and Cellulose Effects on Chemical and Microbial Characteristics of Swine Feces and Stored Manure AN - 20968154; 11065719 AB - The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of dietary crude protein (14.5 or 12.0%) and cellulose (8.7 or 2.5%) levels on composition of feces and manure after 8 wk of diet feeding and storage. Pigs were fed twice daily; after each feeding, urine and feces were collected and added to manure storage containers. On weeks 2 and 8 after initiation of the experiment, fresh fecal and manure samples were obtained. On Week 8, increased dietary cellulose resulted in significantly higher levels of volatile fatty acids (VFA) and phenols in feces compare to other diets. In contrast, dietary protein had the greatest effect on manure chemical composition; lower protein decreased sulfur content, ammonia, and phenolic compound concentrations. High levels of either dietary cellulose or protein tended to increase microbial community similarity in fecal samples, but only high protein increased similarity among manure sample microbial communities. Fecal and manure samples from Week 8 differed from samples taken in Week 2 both in chemical and microbiological composition. Week 2 samples had lower concentrations of many of chemical compounds and microbial diversity than samples from Week 8. The fecal results indicate that after 2 wk of feeding experimental diets the animals were not fully adapted to the diets. More importantly, after only 2 wk of urine and fecal collection, manure was not representative of stored manure, limiting its usefulness in developing standards and recommendations for on-farm management practices. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Ziemer, Cherie J AU - Kerr, Brian J AU - Trabue, Steven L AU - Stein, Hans AU - Stahl, David A AU - Davidson, Seana K AD - USDA-ARS, National Soil Tilth Lab., 2110 University Blvd, Ames, IA 50011, cherie.ziemer@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 2138 EP - 2146 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 South Segoe Rd Madison WI 53711 USA VL - 38 IS - 5 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Environment Abstracts KW - Ammonia KW - Fecal coliforms KW - Manure KW - A 01320:Microbial Degradation KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20968154?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Dietary+Protein+and+Cellulose+Effects+on+Chemical+and+Microbial+Characteristics+of+Swine+Feces+and+Stored+Manure&rft.au=Ziemer%2C+Cherie+J%3BKerr%2C+Brian+J%3BTrabue%2C+Steven+L%3BStein%2C+Hans%3BStahl%2C+David+A%3BDavidson%2C+Seana+K&rft.aulast=Ziemer&rft.aufirst=Cherie&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2138&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fjeq2008.0039 L2 - http://jeq.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/38/5/2138.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Manure; Fecal coliforms DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2008.0039 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil Moisture and Metolachlor Volatilization Observations over Three Years AN - 20967536; 11065683 AB - A 3-yr study was conducted to focus on the impact of surface soil water content on metolachlor (2- chloro-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N-(2-methoxy-1-methylethyl) acetamide) volatilization from a field with different surface soil water regimes created by subsurface water flow paths. Metolachlor vapor fluxes were measured at two locations within the field where local meteorological and soil conditions were relatively constant, except for surface soil water content, which differed significantly. Surface soil water content at the two sites differed in response to the presence of subsurface flow pathways. Detailed soil moisture observations over the duration of the study showed that for the first 2 yr (2004 and 2005), surface soil water contents at the dry location (V1) were nearly half those at the wetter location (V2). Cumulative metolachlor vapor fluxes during 2004 and 2005 at V1 were also about half that at V2. In the third year (2006), early-season drought conditions rendered the soil water content at the two locations to be nearly identical, resulting in similar metolachlor volatilization losses. Analysis of infrared soil surface temperatures suggests a correlation between surface soil temperatures and metolachlor volatilization when soils are wet (2004 and 2005) but not when the soils are dry (2006). Field-averaged metolachlor volatilization losses were highly correlated with increasing surface soil water contents (r super(2) = 0.995). JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Gish, Timothy J AU - Prueger, John H AU - Kustas, William P AU - Daughtry, CST AU - McKee, Lynn G AU - Russ, Andy AU - Hatfield, Jerry L AD - USDA-ARS Hydrology and Remote Sensing Laboratory, Beltsville, MD, timothy.gish@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 1785 EP - 1795 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 South Segoe Rd Madison WI 53711 USA VL - 38 IS - 5 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Environment Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Correlations KW - Soil KW - Soil moisture KW - ENA 15:Renewable Resources-Terrestrial KW - M2 556.14:Infiltration/Soil Moisture (556.14) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20967536?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Soil+Moisture+and+Metolachlor+Volatilization+Observations+over+Three+Years&rft.au=Gish%2C+Timothy+J%3BPrueger%2C+John+H%3BKustas%2C+William+P%3BDaughtry%2C+CST%3BMcKee%2C+Lynn+G%3BRuss%2C+Andy%3BHatfield%2C+Jerry+L&rft.aulast=Gish&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1785&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fjeq2008.0276 L2 - http://jeq.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/38/5/1785.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil moisture; Soil DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2008.0276 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soybean Aphid Population Dynamics, Soybean Yield Loss, and Development of Stage-Specific Economic Injury Levels AN - 20966369; 11065979 AB - Stage-specific economic injury levels (EILs) form the basis of integrated pest management for soybean aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura) in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. Experimental objectives were to develop a procedure for calculating EILs of the soybean aphid specific to the R2 (full bloom), R4 (full pod), and R5 (beginning seed) soybean development stages using the law of the diminishing increment regression model. Soybean aphid population growth over time appeared to follow the symmetrical bell-shaped and logistic growth curve models. Peak soybean aphid population levels and rates of increase occurred at the R5 development stage and then declined sharply thereafter. Highest peak soybean aphid populations were 21,626 aphids plant super(-1) for infestations starting at V5, and 6446 aphids plant super(-1) for infestations starting at R2. Highest maximum aphid-days plant super(-1) recorded were 537,217 for V5-introduced soybean aphids and 148,609 aphid-days plant super(-1) for R2-introduced soybean aphids. On average, the calculated maximum possible yield loss was 75% for soybean aphid infestations starting at the V5 (five node) stage and 48% for soybean aphid infestations starting at the R2 stage. Interrelationships among the current or predicted market value of soybean, cost of soybean aphid control, and the yield potential of the soybean field were considered in the calculations of the stage-specific EILs. Practical examples for calculating stage-specific EILs are presented. Economic injury levels were calculated both as soybean aphids plant super(-1) and soybean aphid-days plant super(-1). Use of these stage-specific EILs may enable growers to manage soybean aphids more accurately. JF - Agronomy Journal AU - Catangui, Michael A AU - Beckendorf, Eric A AU - Riedell, Walter E AD - Plant Science Dep., South Dakota State Univ., Brookings, SD 57007, walter.riedell@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 1080 EP - 1092 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 South Segoe Rd Madison WI 53711 USA VL - 101 IS - 5 SN - 0002-1962, 0002-1962 KW - Entomology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Seeds KW - population levels KW - Injuries KW - Population growth KW - Aphididae KW - Developmental stages KW - Pest control KW - Population dynamics KW - Aphis KW - Glycine max KW - agronomy KW - Soybeans KW - Infestation KW - population growth KW - Economics KW - soybeans KW - integrated pest management KW - Z 05300:General KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20966369?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agronomy+Journal&rft.atitle=Soybean+Aphid+Population+Dynamics%2C+Soybean+Yield+Loss%2C+and+Development+of+Stage-Specific+Economic+Injury+Levels&rft.au=Catangui%2C+Michael+A%3BBeckendorf%2C+Eric+A%3BRiedell%2C+Walter+E&rft.aulast=Catangui&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1080&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agronomy+Journal&rft.issn=00021962&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fagronj2008.0233x L2 - http://agron.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/101/5/1080.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Seeds; Infestation; Injuries; Population growth; Economics; Developmental stages; Pest control; Soybeans; population levels; population growth; Population dynamics; soybeans; agronomy; integrated pest management; Aphididae; Aphis; Glycine max DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj2008.0233x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predicting Infection Risk of Hop by Pseudoperonspora humuli AN - 20965664; 11061762 AB - Downy mildew, caused by Pseudoperonospora humuli, is one of the most destructive diseases of hop. Weather factors associated with infection risk by P. humuli in the maritime region of western Oregon were examined for 24- and 48-h periods and quadratic discriminant function models were developed to classify periods as favorable for disease development on leaves. For the 24-h data sets, the model with superior predictive ability included variables for hours of relative humidity >80%, degree-hours of wetness, and mean night temperature. The same variables were selected for the 48-h data sets, with the addition of a product variable for mean night temperature and hours of relative humidity >80%. Cut-points (P sub(T)) on receiver operating characteristic curves that minimized the overall error rate were identified by selecting the cut-point with the highest value of Youden's index. For the 24- and 48-h models these were P sub(T) = 0.49 and 0.39, respectively. With these thresholds, the sensitivity and specificity of the models in cross validation by jackknife exclusion were 83.3 and 88.8% for the 24-h model and 87.5 and 84.4% for the 48-h model, respectively. Cut-points that minimized the average costs associated with disease control and crop loss due to classification errors were determined using estimates of economic damage during vegetative development and on cones near harvest Use of the 24- and 48-h models was estimated to reduce average management costs during vegetative development when disease prevalence was <0.31 and 0.16, respectively. Using economic assumptions near harvest, management decisions informed by the models reduced average costs when disease prevalence was <0.21 and 0.1 for the 24- and 48-h models, respectively. The value of the models in management decisions was greatest when disease prevalence was relatively low during vegetative development, which generally corresponds to the normally drier period from late spring to midsummer in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. JF - Phytopathology AU - Gent, D H AU - Ocamb, C M AD - United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Forage Seed and Cereal Research Unit, and Oregon State University, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA, gentd@onid.orst.edu PY - 2009 SP - 1190 EP - 1198 VL - 99 IS - 10 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Environment Abstracts KW - Relative humidity KW - Temperature effects KW - Sensitivity KW - Weather KW - Data processing KW - Temperature KW - Disease control KW - Leaves KW - Humidity KW - Downy mildew KW - Infection KW - INE, USA, Pacific Northwest KW - Crops KW - Models KW - Classification KW - classification KW - Economics KW - infection KW - Water springs KW - Pseudoperonospora humuli KW - ENA 06:Food & Drugs KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20965664?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Predicting+Infection+Risk+of+Hop+by+Pseudoperonspora+humuli&rft.au=Gent%2C+D+H%3BOcamb%2C+C+M&rft.aulast=Gent&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1190&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPHYTO-99-10-1190 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Relative humidity; Weather; Data processing; Classification; Economics; Leaves; Disease control; Downy mildew; Infection; Crops; Models; Sensitivity; classification; Temperature; infection; Water springs; Humidity; Pseudoperonospora humuli; INE, USA, Pacific Northwest DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-99-10-1190 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nitrogen Management for Irrigated Potato Production under Conventional and Reduced Tillage AN - 20965034; 11066081 AB - Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) field studies were conducted under center pivot irrigation for 4 yr using large plots and standard industry cultural practices to evaluate tillage effects (reduced vs. conventional) and different N management practices (preplant plus in-season N rates of 56 + 280, 112 + 224, 112 + 336, and 112 + 112 kg N ha super(-1)). Despite growing conditions that produced tuber yields up to 80 Mg ha super(-1), potato size distribution and tuber specific gravity were similar across different tillage and N management practices with minor exceptions in one out of 4 yr. Reduced tillage avoided four equipment passes compared with conventional tillage. Tuber yield and quality were similar across all N rates. Increasing the frequency of in-season N application from five to 10 at a given N rate did not produce increased tuber yield or improved quality. This study demonstrated no negative effects of reduced tillage for irrigated potato production. The optimal N fertilization program appears to be 112 kg N ha super(-1) preplant application and a similar in-season N rate in five applications on a 2-wk interval beginning 4 wk after seedling emergence. Therefore, reduced tillage offers an option for saving energy and labor costs without compromising tuber yield or quality, and thus provides an economic incentive in addition to the benefits of reducing soil erosion and enhancing soil biology and soil quality. JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Alva, A K AU - Collins, H P AU - Boydston, R A AD - USDA-ARS, Vegetable and Forage Crops Research Unit, 24106 N. Bunn Rd., Prosser WA 99350, ashok.alva@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 1496 EP - 1503 PB - Soil Science Society of America VL - 73 IS - 5 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - soil biology KW - Irrigation KW - Energy conservation KW - Soil erosion KW - labor costs KW - Soil KW - fertilization KW - Solanum tuberosum KW - Seedlings KW - tillage KW - Economic incentives KW - culture KW - Nitrogen KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 16:Renewable Resources-Water UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20965034?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=Nitrogen+Management+for+Irrigated+Potato+Production+under+Conventional+and+Reduced+Tillage&rft.au=Alva%2C+A+K%3BCollins%2C+H+P%3BBoydston%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Alva&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1496&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fsssaj2008.0144 L2 - http://soil.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/73/5/1496.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; fertilization; soil biology; Irrigation; Energy conservation; Seedlings; Soil erosion; tillage; Economic incentives; labor costs; culture; Nitrogen; Solanum tuberosum DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2008.0144 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lysimetry versus Neutron Moisture Meter for Evapotranspiration Determination in Four Soils AN - 20964880; 11066103 AB - Knowledge of evapotranspiration (ET) is vital for the management of our freshwater resources. One method for determining ET is through the measurement of the soil water balance, where ET is the residual calculated from the change in soil water storage plus precipitation and irrigation and minus drainage and runoff. The objective of this research was to compare the ET calculations where the change in soil water storage was measured using the neutron moisture meter (NMM), or ET sub(NMM), vs. using weighing lysimeters (ET sub(LYS)) in four soils. Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) was grown in 2006 and 2007 in weighing lysimeters with NMM access tubes and drainage systems. The soil textures ranged from fine sand to clay loam. The ET sub(NMM) was <4% of the ET sub(LYS) for the clay loam and sandy loam soils, but ET sub(NMM) was 8% less than ET sub(LYS) in the fine sand due to errors created by the timing of drainage and NMM measurements. At ET sub(LYS) amounts <50 mm, the difference between ET sub(LYS) and ET sub(NMM) for individual measurement intervals could be as much as 28 mm and the average ET sub(NMM)/ET sub(LYS) ratios as much as 1.20. Beyond 100 mm of ET sub(LYS), the average ET sub(NMM)/ET sub(LYS) ratios became near 1.0 except for the fine sand, where unmeasured drainage out of the NMM sensor zone resulted in an underestimation of ET. When all other soil water balance components were quantified, a field-calibrated NMM accurately determined the change in soil water storage for the calculation of ET in three of the four soils. JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Tolk, Judy A AU - Evett, Steven R AD - USDA-ARS, Conservation and Production Research Lab., P.O. Drawer 10, Bushland, TX 79012, Judy.Tolk@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 1693 EP - 1698 PB - Soil Science Society of America VL - 73 IS - 5 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Clay Loam KW - Soil Water KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 1060:Conservation in agricultural use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20964880?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=Lysimetry+versus+Neutron+Moisture+Meter+for+Evapotranspiration+Determination+in+Four+Soils&rft.au=Tolk%2C+Judy+A%3BEvett%2C+Steven+R&rft.aulast=Tolk&rft.aufirst=Judy&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1693&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fsssaj2009.0037 L2 - http://soil.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/73/5/1693.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil Water DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2009.0037 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carbon and Nitrogen Fractions in Dryland Soil Aggregates Affected by Long-term Tillage and Cropping Sequence AN - 20964814; 11066080 AB - Tillage and cropping sequence may influence C and N sequestration, microbial activities, and N mineralization in dryland soil aggregates. We evaluated the 21-yr effect of tillage and cropping sequence combinations on C and N fractions in aggregates of a Dooley sandy loam (fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, frigid Typic Argiustolls) at the 0- to 20-cm depth in eastern Montana. Tillage and cropping sequences were no-tilled continuous spring wheat (NTCW) (Triticum aestivum L.), spring-tilled continuous spring wheat (STCW), fall- and spring-tilled continuous spring wheat (FSTCW), fall- and spring-tilled spring wheat-barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) (1984-1999) followed by spring wheat-pea (Pisum sativum L.)(2000-2004)(FSTW- B/P), and spring-tilled spring wheat-fallow (STW-F). Carbon and N fractions were soil organic C (SOC), total N (STN), particulate organic C and N (POC and PON), microbial biomass C and N (MBC and MBN), potential C and N mineralization (PCM and PNM), NH sub(4)-N, and NO sub(3)-N. Aggregate proportion was greater in NTCW than in FSTCW in the 4.75- to 2.00-mm aggregate-size class at 0 to 5 cm but was greater in STW-F than in STCW in the 2.00- to 0.25-mm size class at 5 to 20 cm. After 21 yr, STW-F reduced SOC, STN, POC, and PON concentrations in aggregates by 34 to 42% at 0- to 5-cm and by 20 to 32% at 5- to 20-cm compared with NTCW and STCW. The PCM and MBC were greater in NTCW and STCW than in STW-F in the <2.00-mm size class at 0 to 5 cm but MBN varied with treatments, aggregate-size classes, and soil depths. Compared with other treatments, NH sub(4)-N concentration was lower in STW-F in the 4.75- to 0.25-mm size class but PNM and NO sub(3)-N were greater in FSTW-B/P in the <2.00-mm size class. Long-term reduced tillage with continuous spring wheat increased soil aggregation, C and N sequestration, and microbial biomass and activities in all aggregates but increased tillage intensity with spring wheat-barley/pea rotation increased N mineralization and availability in small aggregates compared with the conventional STW-F. JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Sainju, Upendra M AU - Caesar-TonThat, Thecan AU - Jabro, Jalal D AD - USDA-ARS, Northern Plains Agricultural Research Lab., Sidney, MT 59270, upendra.sainju@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 1488 EP - 1495 PB - Soil Science Society of America VL - 73 IS - 5 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Environment Abstracts KW - Biomass KW - Hordeum vulgare KW - Soil KW - Tillage KW - USA, Montana KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 15:Renewable Resources-Terrestrial KW - A 01400:Soil Microbes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20964814?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=Carbon+and+Nitrogen+Fractions+in+Dryland+Soil+Aggregates+Affected+by+Long-term+Tillage+and+Cropping+Sequence&rft.au=Sainju%2C+Upendra+M%3BCaesar-TonThat%2C+Thecan%3BJabro%2C+Jalal+D&rft.aulast=Sainju&rft.aufirst=Upendra&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1488&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fsssaj2008.0405 L2 - http://soil.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/73/5/1488.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Tillage; Soil; Hordeum vulgare; USA, Montana DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2008.0405 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of the Rawls et al. (1982) Pedotransfer Functions for their Applicability at the U.S. National Scale AN - 20964479; 11066096 AB - Large scale environmental impact studies typically involve the use of simulation models and require a variety of inputs, some of which may need to be estimated when adequate measured data are absent. As an example, soil water retention needs to be estimated for a large number of soils that are to be used in the context of the U.S. national scale Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP). Use of a set of well known linear regression based pedotransfer functions (PTFs) developed in 1982 was proposed to address such data need. Examination of the underlying data as well as comparative estimations to an independent US-wide data set revealed that the proposed equations were most likely meant to use organic carbon (OC) data in place of the reported organic matter (OM) data. Other discrepancies-possibly due to misreporting-were also found in a large portion of the OM data. These PTFs were also developed from data originating from only 18 U.S. states-and 48% of them dominated by 3 U.S. states-while major cropland states/regions were barely or not represented at all. Resulting estimations showed non-random distribution of estimation residuals (i.e., bias) that could however be corrected with data transformations and by using a k-Nearest Neighbor algorithm as an alternative PTF technique. We recommend that the PTF equations proposed in 1982 not be used in the context of the U.S. national scale CEAP project. Alternative solutions should ensure the proper representation of U.S. soils and their properties. JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Nemes, A AU - Timlin, D J AU - Pachepsky, YaA AU - Rawls, W J AD - Dep. of Plant Sci. and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, 2102 Plant Science Building, College Park, MD 20742, attila.nemes@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 1638 EP - 1645 PB - Soil Science Society of America VL - 73 IS - 5 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Soil KW - USA KW - soil properties KW - Organic matter KW - Organic carbon KW - Environmental impact KW - Conservation KW - Simulation KW - agricultural land KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 15:Renewable Resources-Terrestrial UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20964479?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+the+Rawls+et+al.+%281982%29+Pedotransfer+Functions+for+their+Applicability+at+the+U.S.+National+Scale&rft.au=Nemes%2C+A%3BTimlin%2C+D+J%3BPachepsky%2C+YaA%3BRawls%2C+W+J&rft.aulast=Nemes&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1638&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fsssaj2008.0298 L2 - http://soil.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/73/5/1638.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; soil properties; Organic matter; Organic carbon; Environmental impact; Simulation; Conservation; agricultural land; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2008.0298 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Polyphenol, Conditioning, and Conservation Effects on Protein Fractions and Degradability in Forage Legumes AN - 20964438; 11066073 AB - Forage legume proteins were fractionated by the Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System or ruminally incubated to assess how conditioning and conservation methods interact with polyphenols (condensed tannins or o-quinones) to alter protein degradability. The presence of polyphenols, conditioning by maceration rather than rolls, and conservation as hay rather than silage shifted protein fractions from buffer-soluble to detergent-extractable forms. Rumen undegradable protein (RUP) calculated from protein fractions for roll- conditioned hays averaged 281 g kg super(-1) for alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), 309 g kg super(-1) for high- tannin birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.), and 352 g kg super(-1) for o-quinone-containing red clover (Trifolium pratense L.). Roll-conditioned silages had lower RUP, averaging 132 g kg super(-1) for alfalfa, 161 g kg super(-1) for high-tannin trefoil, and 241 g kg super(-1) for clover. Maceration increased calculated RUP by 67 to 124 g kg super(-1); responses were greatest in clover and high-tannin trefoil. Rumen in situ residual protein (RP) was comparable to calculated RUP for silage, but similar to 75 g kg super(-1) higher for hay. Hay RP also indicated a greater impact of tannins and a smaller impact of maceration on protein degradability. Discrepancies between calculated RUP, in situ RP, and previous protease RUP estimates indicate that routine methods for estimating RUP must be refined so that polyphenol-containing forages can be properly characterized for feeding to ruminant livestock. JF - Crop Science AU - Grabber, J H AU - Coblentz, W K AD - U.S. Dairy Forage Research Center, USDA-ARS, Madison, WI 53706, john.grabber@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 1511 EP - 1522 PB - Crop Science Society of America, 677 S. Segoe Rd. Madison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.crops.org] VL - 49 IS - 4 SN - 0011-183X, 0011-183X KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Ruminantia KW - tannic acid KW - feeding KW - alfalfa KW - Crops KW - Livestock KW - Trifolium pratense KW - Lotus corniculatus KW - hay KW - forage KW - Proteins KW - Conservation KW - Carbohydrates KW - silage KW - Medicago sativa KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20964438?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Crop+Science&rft.atitle=Polyphenol%2C+Conditioning%2C+and+Conservation+Effects+on+Protein+Fractions+and+Degradability+in+Forage+Legumes&rft.au=Grabber%2C+J+H%3BCoblentz%2C+W+K&rft.aulast=Grabber&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1511&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Crop+Science&rft.issn=0011183X&rft_id=info:doi/10.2135%2Fcropsci2008.05.0298 L2 - http://crop.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/49/4/1511.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - tannic acid; forage; hay; feeding; Conservation; Proteins; alfalfa; Carbohydrates; Crops; silage; Livestock; Trifolium pratense; Ruminantia; Lotus corniculatus; Medicago sativa DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2008.05.0298 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genetic Variability of a Forage Bermudagrass Core Collection AN - 20964415; 11066053 AB - Bermudagrass (Cynodon sp.) is an important warm-season forage grass for the South and may have value as a bioenergy feedstock. The objective of this study was to measure the genetic relatedness among entries of the Cynodon clonal forage bermudagrass core collection and seven commercial forage cultivars using plant phenotype and molecular marker data from amplified fragment length polymorphisms. The collection was assessed for 22 phenotypic traits, including forage quality, plant architecture, growth habit, and ploidy level. Phenotypic variability was preserved in the forage bermudagrass core collection constructed based on 21 phenotypic traits and ploidy levels. The majority of molecular marker polymorphism observed was within phenotypic clusters (89.6%) and within the five ploidy levels (94%), and STRUCTURE analysis indicated significant admixture. Overall, the combined genetic and phenotypic variability found within the bermudagrass core collection will aid in selection of parental crosses for mapping and potential quantitative trait loci discovery and to identify parental lines that may yield greater genetic gain in breeding for important traits. JF - Crop Science AU - Anderson, William F AU - Maas, Andrea AU - Ozias-Akins, Peggy AD - USDA-ARS, Coastal Plain Experiment Station, Tifton, GA 31794, bill.anderson@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 1347 EP - 1358 PB - Crop Science Society of America, 677 S. Segoe Rd. Madison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.crops.org] VL - 49 IS - 4 SN - 0011-183X, 0011-183X KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - Grasses KW - Gene polymorphism KW - Ploidy KW - Plant breeding KW - Crops KW - Amplified fragment length polymorphism KW - breeding KW - Mapping KW - Quantitative trait loci KW - Data processing KW - Cynodon KW - biofuels KW - forage KW - cultivars KW - Gene mapping KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20964415?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Crop+Science&rft.atitle=Genetic+Variability+of+a+Forage+Bermudagrass+Core+Collection&rft.au=Anderson%2C+William+F%3BMaas%2C+Andrea%3BOzias-Akins%2C+Peggy&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1347&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Crop+Science&rft.issn=0011183X&rft_id=info:doi/10.2135%2Fcropsci2008.06.0330 L2 - http://crop.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/49/4/1347.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Quantitative trait loci; Amplified fragment length polymorphism; Data processing; Grasses; Gene polymorphism; Plant breeding; Ploidy; Crops; Gene mapping; breeding; forage; biofuels; cultivars; Mapping; Cynodon DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2008.06.0330 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - PATHOGENESIS AND EPIDEMIOLOGY OF BRUCELLOSIS IN YELLOWSTONE BISON: SEROLOGIC AND CULTURE RESULTS FROM ADULT FEMALES AND THEIR PROGENY AN - 20964124; 11066007 AB - AB: Our objective in this prospective study was to determine the natural course of Brucella abortus infection in cohorts of seropositive and seronegative, female bison (Bison bison) and their offspring in Yellowstone National Park (YNP) for 5 yr. We collected specimens from 53 adult females and 25 calves at least once and from 45 adults and 22 calves more than once. Annual seroconversion rates (negative to positive) were relatively high (23% for calves and juvenile bison, 6% in the total sample of adult female bison in our study, and 11% in the adult females that began the study as seronegatives). Antibody was not protective against infection, even for calves that passively received antibody from an infected mother's colostrum. Antibody levels stayed remarkably constant, with only a slow decline over time. We found only two seroconversions from a weak positive status to negative. Infected bison aborted and shed viable bacteria. Risk of shedding infective Brucella was highest for bison in the 2 yr following seroconversion from negative to positive. In one bison, we detected shedding for 3 yr following seroconversion. Regardless of serostatus of dams and neonates, most calves were seronegative by 5 mo of age. There was no relationship between the antibody status of the dam and the tendency of a calf to seroconvert to positive during the duration of the study. JF - Journal of Wildlife Diseases AU - Rhyan, Jack C AU - Aune, Keith AU - Roffe, Thomas AU - Ewalt, Darla AU - Hennager, Steve AU - Gidlewski, Tom AU - Olsen, Steve AU - Clarke, Ryan Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 PB - Allen Press, Inc., 810 East Tenth St. Lawrence KS 66044 USA, [mailto:webmaster@allenpress.com], [URL:http://www.allenpress.com] VL - 45 IS - 3 SN - 0090-3558, 0090-3558 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Ecology Abstracts KW - Age KW - National parks KW - Infection KW - Antibodies KW - Epidemiology KW - Dams KW - Bison KW - Brucella abortus KW - Seroconversion KW - Progeny KW - Colostrum KW - Neonates KW - Bison bison bison KW - Brucellosis KW - J 02410:Animal Diseases KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20964124?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Wildlife+Diseases&rft.atitle=PATHOGENESIS+AND+EPIDEMIOLOGY+OF+BRUCELLOSIS+IN+YELLOWSTONE+BISON%3A+SEROLOGIC+AND+CULTURE+RESULTS+FROM+ADULT+FEMALES+AND+THEIR+PROGENY&rft.au=Rhyan%2C+Jack+C%3BAune%2C+Keith%3BRoffe%2C+Thomas%3BEwalt%2C+Darla%3BHennager%2C+Steve%3BGidlewski%2C+Tom%3BOlsen%2C+Steve%3BClarke%2C+Ryan&rft.aulast=Rhyan&rft.aufirst=Jack&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=%7Bnp%7D&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Wildlife+Diseases&rft.issn=00903558&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.jwildlifedis.org/cgi/reprint/45/3/729.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Age; Antibodies; Epidemiology; Dams; National parks; Seroconversion; Colostrum; Progeny; Neonates; Brucellosis; Infection; Bison; Brucella abortus; Bison bison bison ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sexual reproduction in Aspergillus flavus AN - 20960480; 11065648 AB - Aspergillus flavus is the major producer of carcinogenic aflatoxins in crops worldwide and is also an important opportunistic human pathogen in aspergillosis. The sexual state of this heterothallic fungus is described from crosses between strains of the opposite mating type. Sexual reproduction occurred between sexually compatible strains belonging to different vegetative compatibility groups. Multiple, indehiscent ascocarps containing asci and ascospores formed within the pseudoparenchymatous matrix of stromata, which places the fungus in genus Petromyces. The teleomorph of P. flavus could not be distinguished from that of P. parasiticus (anamorph = A. parasiticus), another aflatoxin-producing species, based on morphology of the sexual structures. The two species can be separated by anamorph morphology, mycotoxin profile and molecular characters. JF - Mycologia AU - Horn, Bruce W AU - Moore, Geromy G AU - Carbone, Ignazio AD - National Peanut Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Dawson, Georgia 39842, bruce.horn@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 423 EP - 429 PB - Allen Press, Inc., 810 East Tenth St. Lawrence KS 66044 USA, [mailto:webmaster@allenpress.com], [URL:http://www.allenpress.com] VL - 101 IS - 3 SN - 0027-5514, 0027-5514 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Ecology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - aflatoxin KW - Aspergillus alliaceus KW - Aspergillus parasiticus KW - heterothallism KW - Petromyces alliaceus KW - Petromyces flavus KW - Petromyces parasiticus KW - Trichocomaceae KW - Crop KW - Asci KW - Aspergillus flavus KW - Aflatoxins KW - Perfect state KW - Sexual reproduction KW - Aspergillosis KW - Mating types KW - Pathogens KW - Crops KW - Opportunist infection KW - Ascospores KW - Mycotoxins KW - Ascocarps KW - Imperfect state KW - A 01490:Miscellaneous KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - K 03320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20960480?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mycologia&rft.atitle=Sexual+reproduction+in+Aspergillus+flavus&rft.au=Horn%2C+Bruce+W%3BMoore%2C+Geromy+G%3BCarbone%2C+Ignazio&rft.aulast=Horn&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=423&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mycologia&rft.issn=00275514&rft_id=info:doi/10.3852%2F09-011 L2 - http://www.mycologia.org/cgi/reprint/101/3/423.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asci; Crop; Aflatoxins; Sexual reproduction; Perfect state; Mating types; Aspergillosis; Pathogens; Crops; Opportunist infection; Ascospores; Mycotoxins; Imperfect state; Ascocarps; Aspergillus flavus; Aspergillus parasiticus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3852/09-011 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Virulence factor activity relationships for hepatitis E and Cryptosporidium AN - 20959241; 11062074 AB - The hepatitis E virus and Cryptosporidium are waterborne pathogens, each consisting of distinct taxa, genotypes and isolates that infect humans, nonhuman animal species or both. Some are associated with disease, others are not. Factors contributing to disease are extremely complicated, possibly involving differences in one or more traits associated with an organism's taxon, genotype or isolate and its infectious dose, and age or condition, as well as the host's physiology and immune status. Potential virulence factors have not yet been identified for HEV. Putative virulence factors for Cryptosporidium might be found in recently recognized genes involved in processes such as excystation, adherence to host cells, invasion, intracellular maintenance and host cell destruction. JF - Journal of Water and Health AU - Fayer, R AU - Orlandi, P AU - Perdue, M L AD - United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Natural Resources Institute, Environmental Microblal Safety Laboratory, Beltsville MD 20705, USA, ronald.fayer@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009///0, PY - 2009 DA - 0, 2009 SP - 555 EP - 563 VL - 7 SN - 1477-8920, 1477-8920 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Immune status KW - Age KW - virulence factors KW - Physiology KW - taxa KW - Hosts KW - Genotypes KW - Public health KW - Virulence KW - Diseases KW - Hepatitis E virus KW - Pathogens KW - Maintenance KW - Hepatitis KW - Viral diseases KW - Cryptosporidium KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0810:General KW - K 03400:Human Diseases KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - ENA 21:Wildlife KW - V 22400:Human Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20959241?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Water+and+Health&rft.atitle=Virulence+factor+activity+relationships+for+hepatitis+E+and+Cryptosporidium&rft.au=Fayer%2C+R%3BOrlandi%2C+P%3BPerdue%2C+M+L&rft.aulast=Fayer&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=&rft.spage=555&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Water+and+Health&rft.issn=14778920&rft_id=info:doi/10.2166%2Fwh.2009.044 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Virulence; Viral diseases; Pathogens; Genotypes; Hosts; Public health; Hepatitis; Immune status; Age; virulence factors; Physiology; taxa; Maintenance; Cryptosporidium; Diseases; Hepatitis E virus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2009.044 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of Soil Spectral Properties on Remote Sensing of Crop Residue Cover AN - 20948338; 11066087 AB - Conservation tillage practices often leave appreciable amounts of crop residues on soil surfaces after harvesting and generally improve soil structure, enhance soil organic C (SOC) content, and reduce soil erosion. Remote sensing methods have shown great promise in efficiently estimating crop residue cover, and thus inferring soil tillage intensity. Furthermore, these tillage intensity estimates can be used in soil C models. Reflectance spectra of more than 4200 soils and 80 crop residues were measured in the laboratory across the 350- to 2500-nm wavelength region. Six remote sensing spectral indices were used to estimate crop residue cover: the Cellulose Absorption Index (CAI), the Lignin-Cellulose Absorption Index (LCA), the Normalized Difference Tillage Index (NDTI), the Normalized Difference Senescent Vegetation Index (NDSVI), and the Normalized Difference Indices 5 and 7 (NDI5 and NDI7, respectively). Soil mineralogy and SOC affected these spectral indices for crop residue cover more than soil taxonomic order, which generally had little effect on spectral reflectance. The values of the spectral indices for soils were similar within Land Resource Regions and, specifically, for Major Land Resource Areas. The CAI showed the best separation between soils and residues, followed by LCA and NDTI. Although NDSVI, NDI5, and NDI7 had significant overlaps between soil and residue index values, assessments of crop residue cover classes may be possible with local calibrations. Future satellite sensors should include appropriate bands for assessing crop residue and nonphotosynthetic vegetation. JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Serbin, Guy AU - Daughtry, Craig ST AU - Hunt, ERaymond AU - Brown, David J AU - McCarty, Gregory W AD - ASRC Management Services, USDA-FAS Office of Global Analysis, 1400 Independence Ave. SW, Rm. 4646, Washington, DC 20250, guy.serbin@gmail.com Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 1545 EP - 1558 PB - Soil Science Society of America VL - 73 IS - 5 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - crop residues KW - Residues KW - Sensors KW - life cycle analysis KW - soil mineralogy KW - Cellulose KW - Remote sensing KW - Vegetation KW - Soil erosion KW - Satellites KW - Soil KW - soil structure KW - soil properties KW - harvesting KW - Absorption KW - Conservation KW - taxonomy KW - tillage KW - ENA 06:Food & Drugs KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20948338?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=Effect+of+Soil+Spectral+Properties+on+Remote+Sensing+of+Crop+Residue+Cover&rft.au=Serbin%2C+Guy%3BDaughtry%2C+Craig+ST%3BHunt%2C+ERaymond%3BBrown%2C+David+J%3BMcCarty%2C+Gregory+W&rft.aulast=Serbin&rft.aufirst=Guy&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1545&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fsssaj2008.0311 L2 - http://soil.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/73/5/1545.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - crop residues; Sensors; Residues; life cycle analysis; soil mineralogy; Cellulose; Remote sensing; Vegetation; Soil erosion; Satellites; Soil; soil structure; soil properties; harvesting; Absorption; Conservation; tillage; taxonomy DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2008.0311 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tests of Taxonomic and Biogeographic Predictivity: Resistance to Disease and Insect Pests in Wild Relatives of Cultivated Potato AN - 20948277; 11066055 AB - A major justification for taxonomic and biogeographic research is its assumed ability to predict the presence of traits in a group for which the trait has been observed in only a representative subset of the group. Such predictors are regularly used by breeders interested in choosing potential sources of disease and pest resistant germplasm for cultivar improvement, by genebank managers to organize the collection, and by germplasm collectors planning to gather maximum diversity. The present study tests taxonomic and biogeographic associations with 10,738 disease and pest evaluations, derived from the literature and genebank records, of 32 pest and diseases in five classes of organisms (bacteria, fungi, insects, nematodes, and virus). The data show that ratings for only Colorado potato beetle [Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say)] and one pathogen (Potato M Carlavirus) are reliably predicted both by host taxonomy and climatic variables. While it is logical to initially take both taxonomy and geographic origin into account while screening genebank materials for pest and disease resistances, such associations will hold for only for a small subset of resistance traits. Based on these results, a more effective strategy than taxonomic and biogeographic prediction is probably careful screening of core collections. JF - Crop Science AU - Spooner, David M AU - Jansky, Shelley H AU - Simon, Reinhard AD - USDA-ARS, Dep. of Horticulture, Univ. of Wisconsin, 1575 Linden Dr., Madison, WI 53706-1590, david.spooner@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 1367 EP - 1376 PB - Crop Science Society of America, 677 S. Segoe Rd. Madison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.crops.org] VL - 49 IS - 4 SN - 0011-183X, 0011-183X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Entomology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - Data processing KW - Fungi KW - Pathogens KW - Disease resistance KW - Crops KW - Solanum tuberosum KW - Germplasm KW - Taxonomy KW - Pests KW - Carlavirus KW - Leptinotarsa decemlineata KW - Nematoda KW - J 02310:Genetics & Taxonomy KW - Z 05300:General KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03310:Genetics & Taxonomy KW - V 22310:Genetics, Taxonomy & Structure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20948277?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Crop+Science&rft.atitle=Tests+of+Taxonomic+and+Biogeographic+Predictivity%3A+Resistance+to+Disease+and+Insect+Pests+in+Wild+Relatives+of+Cultivated+Potato&rft.au=Spooner%2C+David+M%3BJansky%2C+Shelley+H%3BSimon%2C+Reinhard&rft.aulast=Spooner&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1367&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Crop+Science&rft.issn=0011183X&rft_id=info:doi/10.2135%2Fcropsci2008.04.0211 L2 - http://crop.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/49/4/1367.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data processing; Fungi; Germplasm; Taxonomy; Disease resistance; Pathogens; Pests; Crops; Solanum tuberosum; Carlavirus; Nematoda; Leptinotarsa decemlineata DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2008.04.0211 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bioassay design and length of time in the laboratory affect intercolonial interactions of the Formosan subterranean termite (Isoptera, Rhinotermitidae) AN - 20825813; 10982212 AB - This study examined the effect of diet, experimental design, and length of time in the laboratory on intercolonial agonism among Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki, colonies. In pairings of 12 C. formosanus Shiraki colonies collected in an urban forest, there was no significant reduction in survival of termites in 30 out of 59 colony pairs compared to colony controls, but there was <50% survival in 18 colony pairs and <10% survival in six colony pairs. There was no correlation between the level of aggressive behavior and the laboratory diet of the termites. Effect of bioassay design and length of time in the laboratory was evaluated in three colony pairs where tests were first conducted on the day of field collection, then colony pairs were retested every 7 days. Aggressive behavior decreased over time in both bioassays, but it tended to decrease more rapidly in the Petri dish tests. The rapid loss of agonism in groups of termites kept in the laboratory demonstrates that changes in environmental factors affect intercolonial agonism. JF - Insectes Sociaux AU - Cornelius, M L AU - Osbrink, WLA AD - United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Southern Regional Research Center, 1100 Robert E. Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124, USA, Mary.Cornelius@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 203 EP - 211 VL - 56 IS - 2 SN - 0020-1812, 0020-1812 KW - Entomology Abstracts; Animal Behavior Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Rhinotermitidae KW - Diets KW - Colonies KW - Survival KW - Aggressive behavior KW - Forests KW - Coptotermes formosanus KW - Environmental factors KW - Isoptera KW - Y 25020:Territory, Reproduction and Sociality KW - Z 05340:Ecology and Behavior KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20825813?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Insectes+Sociaux&rft.atitle=Bioassay+design+and+length+of+time+in+the+laboratory+affect+intercolonial+interactions+of+the+Formosan+subterranean+termite+%28Isoptera%2C+Rhinotermitidae%29&rft.au=Cornelius%2C+M+L%3BOsbrink%2C+WLA&rft.aulast=Cornelius&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=203&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Insectes+Sociaux&rft.issn=00201812&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diets; Colonies; Forests; Aggressive behavior; Survival; Environmental factors; Rhinotermitidae; Coptotermes formosanus; Isoptera ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methods to mark termites with protein for mark-release-recapture and mark-capture type studies AN - 20824566; 10982213 AB - Studies were conducted to investigate the feasibility of marking the southwestern desert subterranean termite, Heterotermes aureus (Snyder), with rabbit immunoglobulin G (IgG) protein for mark-release-recapture (MRR) and mark-capture type studies. Qualitative laboratory studies were conducted to determine how long reagent-grade rabbit IgG is retained on or in H. aureus that were marked either externally with a topical spray, internally by feeding them a rabbit IgG-marked food source, or both internally and externally (double marked). Marked termites were detected by an anti-rabbit IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Data indicated that the termites retained the mark for at least 35 days, regardless of the marking procedure. A second series of laboratory studies were conducted to determine how fast H. aureus acquire the mark after feeding on cardboard bait that was either sprayed or soaked in different formulations of rabbit IgG. The IgGs tested were a highly purified and costly reagent grade IgG at 5.0 mg/ml and a less pure and less costly technical grade rabbit IgG at 1.0 mg/ml. The results showed that termites acquired both marks equally well after exposure to the soaked cardboard treatment. The advantages and limitations of protein marking termites with rabbit IgG for MRR or mark-capture termite studies are discussed. JF - Insectes Sociaux AU - Hagler, J R AU - Baker, P B AU - Marchosky, R AU - Machtley, SA AU - Bellamy, DE AD - USDA-ARS, Arid-Land Agricultural Research Center, 21881 N. Cardon Lane, Maricopa, AZ 85238, USA, James.Hagler@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 213 EP - 220 VL - 56 IS - 2 SN - 0020-1812, 0020-1812 KW - Entomology Abstracts; Animal Behavior Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Heterotermes KW - Feeding KW - Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay KW - Data processing KW - Deserts KW - Food sources KW - Immunoglobulin G KW - Isoptera KW - Y 25040:Behavioral Ecology KW - Z 05340:Ecology and Behavior KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20824566?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Insectes+Sociaux&rft.atitle=Methods+to+mark+termites+with+protein+for+mark-release-recapture+and+mark-capture+type+studies&rft.au=Hagler%2C+J+R%3BBaker%2C+P+B%3BMarchosky%2C+R%3BMachtley%2C+SA%3BBellamy%2C+DE&rft.aulast=Hagler&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=213&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Insectes+Sociaux&rft.issn=00201812&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Feeding; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Data processing; Deserts; Food sources; Immunoglobulin G; Heterotermes; Isoptera ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Study of adsorption kinetics of surfactants onto polyethersulfone membrane surface using QCM-D AN - 20803825; 10879789 AB - The adsorption kinetics of surfactants onto the crystal surface spin-coated with a thin layer of a model membrane material, polyethersulfone was monitored through measurements of frequency and dissipation shifts simultaneously using a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) apparatus. In this study, the viscoelastic behaviors of the adsorbed surfactant layers of sodium laureth sulfate, cocamidopropyl betaine and their mixed solution (1:1) expressed through the dissipation parameters from the QCM-D measurements were used to deduce the structures of the adsorbed layers of the surfactants as a combinative result of characteristics of the surfactant and the hydrophobicity of the membrane surface. JF - Desalination AU - Liu, S X AU - Kim, J T AD - National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, USDA, ARS, 1815 N. University Street, Peoria, IL 61604, USA, sean.liu@ars.usda.gov PY - 2009 SP - 355 EP - 361 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 247 IS - 1-3 SN - 0011-9164, 0011-9164 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Sulfates KW - Membranes KW - Crystals KW - Sodium KW - Pollutants KW - Kinetics KW - Quartz KW - Adsorption KW - hydrophobicity KW - Surfactants KW - ENA 09:Land Use & Planning KW - SW 1010:Saline water conversion KW - Q2 09402:Freshwater from the sea UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20803825?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Desalination&rft.atitle=Study+of+adsorption+kinetics+of+surfactants+onto+polyethersulfone+membrane+surface+using+QCM-D&rft.au=Liu%2C+S+X%3BKim%2C+J+T&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=247&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=355&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Desalination&rft.issn=00119164&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.desal.2008.08.002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Quartz; Adsorption; Surfactants; Sulfates; Sodium; Membranes; Kinetics; hydrophobicity; Pollutants; Crystals DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2008.08.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Arsenic and Zinc in Impoundment Materials and Related Stream Sediments from a Polluted Area in Eastern Slovakia: Distribution, Mobility, and Water Quality TT - Arzen a Zinok v Materialoch Odkaliska a v Riecnych Sedimentoch Zo Znecistenej Oblasti Na Vychodnom Slovensku: Distribucia, Mobilita a Kvalita Vod AN - 20802818; 10898674 AB - The impoundment located near the village of Posa in eastern Slovakia is a significant source of arsenic. Waters penetrating the impoundment become enriched in As and other potentially toxic elements. As a consequence, the Kyjov brook and the Ondava River have been extensively polluted by arsenic. Although, zinc is of minor environmental significance regarding pollution in the area, it was also monitored to compare its behaviour with that of arsenic. The mobility and solid-state distribution of As and Zn in the impoundment materials and stream sediments have been investigated using a five-step sequential extraction procedure. Moreover, to investigate the bioavailability of As and Zn, two native plant species (Typha latifolia and Phragmites australis) growing at the site were collected and analyzed. The As concentrations in representative sediment and water samples ranged from 36.28 to 3208.35 mg kg super(-1) and from 4.05 to 612.8 kg l super(-1), respectively, both being many times above the background levels. The Zn concentrations of environmental importance were found to be high only in the impoundment materials (up to 3390 mg kg super(-1)). Although a part of As was present in a readily soluble form (6.62%), the majority of As was mainly associated with Fe/Mn oxides (37.30%) and residual phases (51%). Similarly, the most dominant fractions for zinc distribution were Fe/Mn oxides (38.5%), residual (34%) and exchangeable (18%). Combined results of the sequential extraction tests as well as chemical and mineralogical analysis indicated that As mobilisation potential from the sediments is likely controlled by Fe/Mn oxyhydroxide mineral phases. Plants growing in the impoundment had As concentrations 10 to 100 times higher than the same plants growing in a relatively non-polluted area, indicating an enhanced bioavailability of arsenic in the area with high total As contents in the impoundment materials. JF - Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics/Vodohospodarsky Casopis AU - Jankular, M AU - Hiller, E AU - Jurkovic, E AU - Veselska, V AU - Majzlan, J AD - Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Geochemistry, Mlynska dolina, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovak Republic, hiller@fns.uniba.sk Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 200 EP - 211 VL - 57 IS - 3 SN - 0042-790X, 0042-790X KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - water quality KW - Slovakia KW - villages KW - Freshwater KW - Water quality KW - Bioavailability KW - plant growth KW - Hydrology KW - Reservoirs KW - Rivers KW - Sediment Distribution KW - Aquatic plants KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Stream KW - Impoundments KW - Phragmites australis KW - Oxides KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Water sampling KW - Mobility KW - Fluvial Sediments KW - Pollution effects KW - Streams KW - Zinc KW - Sediment pollution KW - Arsenic KW - Marshes KW - Sediments KW - Water pollution KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Typha latifolia KW - Minerals KW - M2 556.53:Rivers, Streams, Canals (556.53) KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - Q2 09264:Sediments and sedimentation KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20802818?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology+and+Hydromechanics%2FVodohospodarsky+Casopis&rft.atitle=Arsenic+and+Zinc+in+Impoundment+Materials+and+Related+Stream+Sediments+from+a+Polluted+Area+in+Eastern+Slovakia%3A+Distribution%2C+Mobility%2C+and+Water+Quality&rft.au=Jankular%2C+M%3BHiller%2C+E%3BJurkovic%2C+E%3BVeselska%2C+V%3BMajzlan%2C+J&rft.aulast=Jankular&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=200&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology+and+Hydromechanics%2FVodohospodarsky+Casopis&rft.issn=0042790X&rft_id=info:doi/10.2478%2Fv10098-009-0019-8 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pollution monitoring; Sediment pollution; Arsenic; Aquatic plants; Pollution effects; Marshes; Water quality; Water pollution; Bioavailability; Stream; Zinc; Impoundments; Hydrology; Rivers; water quality; Mobility; Water sampling; villages; Streams; Sediments; plant growth; Minerals; Bioaccumulation; Sediment Distribution; Water Pollution Effects; Fluvial Sediments; Reservoirs; Oxides; Typha latifolia; Phragmites australis; Slovakia; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10098-009-0019-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Removal of arsenic (V) from aqueous solutions using chemically modified sawdust of spruce (Picea abies): Kinetics and isotherm studies AN - 20776526; 10281249 AB - Arsenic is a ubiquitous element in the environment and occurs naturally in both organic and inorganic forms. Under aerobic condition, the dominant form of arsenic in waters is arsenate, which is highly mobile and toxic. Arsenic poisoning from drinking water remains a serious world health issue. There are various standard methods for arsenic removal from drinking waters (coagulation, sorption, ion-exchange reactions or methods of reverse osmosis) and alternative methods, such as biosorption. Biosorption of arsenic from natural and model waters by native or chemically modified (with urea or ferric oxyhydroxides) plant biomass prepared from sawdust of Picea abies was studied. The kinetic of the adsorption process fitted well the pseudo second order adsorption model and equilibrium was achieved after 2 h. The results showed that biosorption was well described by both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. The maximum biosorption capacity of the sawdust modified with ferric oxyhydroxides, evaluated by Langmuir adsorption model, was 9.259 mg/g, while the biosorption capacity of unmodified biosorbent or biosorbent modified with urea was negligible. The adsorption capacity is comparable to results published by other authors, suggesting that the prepared chemically modified biosorbent has potential in remediation of contaminated waters. JF - International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology AU - Urik, M AU - Littera, P AU - Sevc, J AU - Kolencik, M AU - Cernansky, S AD - Institute of Geology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynska dolina, Bratislava, Slovakia, urik@fns.uniba.sk Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 451 EP - 456 VL - 6 IS - 3 SN - 1735-1472, 1735-1472 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Reverse osmosis KW - Aerobic conditions KW - Bioremediation KW - urea KW - arsenates KW - Picea abies KW - plant biomass KW - water pollution KW - Ion exchange KW - Sorption KW - Arsenic KW - Coagulation KW - Poisoning KW - Kinetics KW - Adsorption KW - Drinking water KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20776526?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Removal+of+arsenic+%28V%29+from+aqueous+solutions+using+chemically+modified+sawdust+of+spruce+%28Picea+abies%29%3A+Kinetics+and+isotherm+studies&rft.au=Urik%2C+M%3BLittera%2C+P%3BSevc%2C+J%3BKolencik%2C+M%3BCernansky%2C+S&rft.aulast=Urik&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=451&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=17351472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sorption; Arsenic; Bioremediation; Aerobic conditions; Reverse osmosis; Coagulation; Poisoning; arsenates; urea; Kinetics; Adsorption; Drinking water; Ion exchange; water pollution; plant biomass; Picea abies ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fate of Indicator Microorganisms Under Nutrient Management Plan Conditions AN - 20774076; 10262506 AB - Nutrient management plans (NMPs) for application of wastewater from concentrated animal feeding operations are designed to meet crop water and nutrient requirements, but implicitly assume that pathogenic microorganisms in the wastewater will be retained and die-off in the root zone. A NMP was implemented on a field plot to test this assumption by monitoring the fate of several fecal indicator microorganisms (Enterococcus, fecal coliforms, somatic coliphage, and total Escherichia coli). When well-water and wastewater were applied to meet measured evapotranspiration (ET), little advective transport of the indicator microorganisms occurred below the root zone and the remaining microorganisms rapidly died-off (within 1 mo). Additional experiments were conducted in the laboratory to better quantify microorganism transport and survival in the field soil. Batch survival experiments revealed much more rapid die-off rates for the bacterial indicator microorganisms in native than in sterilized soil, suggesting that biotic factors controlled survival. Saturated column experiments with packed field soil, demonstrated much greater transport potential for somatic coliphage than bacterial indicators (Enterococcus and total E. coli) and that the retention rates for the indicator microorganisms were not log-linear with depth. A worst case transport scenario of ponded infiltration on a large undistributed soil column from the field was also initiated and indicator microorganisms were not detected in the column outflow or in the soil at a depth of 65 cm. All of these observations support the hypothesis that a NMP at this site will protect groundwater supplies from microorganism contamination, especially when applied water and wastewater meet ET. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Bradford, Scott A AU - Segal, Eran AD - USDA-ARS, U.S. Salinity Lab., Riverside, CA 92507, Scott.Bradford@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 1728 EP - 1738 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 South Segoe Rd Madison WI 53711 USA VL - 38 IS - 4 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Contamination KW - Enterococcus KW - Microorganisms KW - V 22300:Methods KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - J 02430:Symbiosis, Antibiosis & Phages KW - A 01400:Soil Microbes KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20774076?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Fate+of+Indicator+Microorganisms+Under+Nutrient+Management+Plan+Conditions&rft.au=Bradford%2C+Scott+A%3BSegal%2C+Eran&rft.aulast=Bradford&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1728&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fjeq2008.0428 L2 - http://jeq.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/38/4/1728.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Microorganisms; Enterococcus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2008.0428 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Intake and Digestibility of 'Coastal' Bermudagrass Hay from Treated Swine Waste Using Subsurface Drip Irrigation AN - 20770994; 10262508 AB - Waste handling systems for confined swine production in the upper South (approximately 32-37 N and 79- 93 W) depend mainly on anaerobic lagoons and application of the waste effluent to cropland. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of 'Coastal' bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] hay receiving effluent generated from a raw swine waste treatment system designed to reduce P and K concentrations and delivered by subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) compared with hay produced from commercial N fertilizer. Eight treatments, consisting of commercial N fertilizer or effluent, each irrigated at two irrigation rates (75 and 100% of estimated evapotranspiration) and two lateral spacings (0.6 and 1.2 m), were compared with a control treatment of commercial N fertilizer without irrigation. Three harvests were taken in each of 2 yr and five of the six evaluated using wether sheep (30-45 kg). Greatest dry matter intake (DMI) per unit body weight occurred for the control vs. all irrigated treatments (1.94 vs. 1.77 kg 100 super(-1) kg; P = 0.02; SEM = 0.11). Among irrigated treatments, DMI was greatest from commercial N vs. effluent (1.81 vs. 1.71 kg 100 super(-1) kg; P = 0.05; SEM = 0.11). Dry matter intake was similar for the 75% rate treatments and the non-irrigated treatment (mean, 1.87 kg 100 super(-1) kg) but was reduced for the 100% rate (1.94 vs. 1.72 kg 100 super(-1) kg; P = 0.03; SEM = 0.11). Hay from the 75% rate was more digestible than hay from the 100% rate (527 vs. 508 g kg super(-1); P = 0.03; SEM = 21). The SDI system functioned well, and lateral spacing did not alter hay quality. Treated waste from a raw waste treatment system was readily delivered by SDI at the recommended rate to produce bermudagrass hay of adequate quality for ruminant production systems. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Burns, J C AU - Stone, K C AU - Hunt, P G AU - Vanotti, M B AU - Cantrell, K B AU - Fisher, D S AD - Dep. Crop Science and Dep. Animal Science, North Carolina State Univ. Raleigh, NC 27695, joe.burns@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 1749 EP - 1756 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 South Segoe Rd Madison WI 53711 USA VL - 38 IS - 4 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Ruminantia KW - dry matter KW - Hay KW - Fertilizers KW - Cynodon dactylon KW - sheep KW - body weight KW - Dry Matter KW - Wastewater Irrigation KW - Irrigation KW - Wastes KW - agricultural land KW - Effluents KW - Agrochemicals KW - Impaired Water Use KW - Bermudagrass KW - hay KW - Wastewater Treatment KW - SW 1030:Use of water of impaired quality KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20770994?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Intake+and+Digestibility+of+%27Coastal%27+Bermudagrass+Hay+from+Treated+Swine+Waste+Using+Subsurface+Drip+Irrigation&rft.au=Burns%2C+J+C%3BStone%2C+K+C%3BHunt%2C+P+G%3BVanotti%2C+M+B%3BCantrell%2C+K+B%3BFisher%2C+D+S&rft.aulast=Burns&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1749&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fjeq2008.0493 L2 - http://jeq.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/38/4/1749.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fertilizers; Irrigation; hay; dry matter; sheep; agricultural land; Effluents; body weight; Agrochemicals; Impaired Water Use; Dry Matter; Wastewater Irrigation; Bermudagrass; Wastes; Wastewater Treatment; Hay; Ruminantia; Cynodon dactylon DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2008.0493 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Denitrification in Wood Chip Bioreactors at Different Water Flows AN - 20770270; 10262499 AB - Subsurface drainage in agricultural watersheds exports a large quantity of nitrate-nitrogen (NO sub(3)-N) and concentrations frequently exceed 10 mg L super(-1). A laboratory column study was conducted to investigate the ability of a wood chip bioreactor to promote denitrification under mean water flow rates of 2.9, 6.6, 8.7 and 13.6 cm d super(-1) which are representative of flows entering subsurface drainage tiles. Columns were packed with wood chips and inoculated with a small amount of oxidized till and incubated at 10C. Silicone sampling cells at the effluent ports were used for N sub(2)O sampling. super(15)Nitrate was added to dosing water at 50 mg L super(-1) and effluent was collected and analyzed for NO sub(3)-N, NH sub(4)-N, and dissolved organic carbon. Mean NO sub(3)-N concentrations in the effluent were 0.0, 18.5, 24.2, and 35.3 mg L super(-1) for the flow rates 2.9, 6.6, 8.7, and 13.6 cm d super(-1), respectively, which correspond to 100, 64, 52, and 30% efficiency of removal. The NO sub(3)-N removal rates per gram of wood increased with increasing flow rates. Denitrification was found to be the dominant NO sub(3)-N removal mechanism as immobilization of super(15)NO sub(3)- N was negligible compared with the quantity of super(15)NO sub(3)-N removed. Nitrous oxide production from the columns ranged from 0.003 to 0.028% of the N denitrified, indicating that complete denitrification generally occurred. Based on these observations, wood chip bioreactors may be successful at removing significant quantities of NO sub(3)-N, and reducing NO sub(3)-N concentration from water moving to subsurface drainage at flow rates observed in central Iowa subsoil. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Greenan, Colin M AU - Moorman, Thomas B AU - Parkin, Timothy B AU - Kaspar, Thomas C AU - Jaynes, Dan B AD - USDA-ARS, National Soil Tilth Lab., 2110 University Blvd., Ames, IA 50011, tom.moorman@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 1664 EP - 1671 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 South Segoe Rd Madison WI 53711 USA VL - 38 IS - 4 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Bioreactors KW - USA, Iowa KW - Denitrification KW - Wood KW - Hardwood KW - ENA 06:Food & Drugs KW - AQ 00007:Industrial Effluents KW - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20770270?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Denitrification+in+Wood+Chip+Bioreactors+at+Different+Water+Flows&rft.au=Greenan%2C+Colin+M%3BMoorman%2C+Thomas+B%3BParkin%2C+Timothy+B%3BKaspar%2C+Thomas+C%3BJaynes%2C+Dan+B&rft.aulast=Greenan&rft.aufirst=Colin&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1664&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fjeq2008.0413 L2 - http://jeq.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/38/4/1664.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Denitrification; Wood; Hardwood; USA, Iowa DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2008.0413 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating Phosphorus Loss in Runoff from Manure and Fertilizer for a Phosphorus Loss Quantification Tool AN - 20770236; 10262497 AB - Nonpoint-source pollution of fresh waters by P is a concern because it contributes to accelerated eutrophication. Given the state of the science concerning agricultural P transport, a simple tool to quantify annual, field-scale P loss is a realistic goal. We developed new methods to predict annual dissolved P loss in runoff from surface-applied manures and fertilizers and validated the methods with data from 21 published field studies. We incorporated these manure and fertilizer P runoff loss methods into an annual, field-scale P loss quantification tool that estimates dissolved and particulate P loss in runoff from soil, manure, fertilizer, and eroded sediment. We validated the P loss tool using independent data from 28 studies that monitored P loss in runoff from a variety of agricultural land uses for at least 1 yr. Results demonstrated (i) that our new methods to estimate P loss from surface manure and fertilizer are an improvement over methods used in existing Indexes, and (ii) that it was possible to reliably quantify annual dissolved, sediment, and total P loss in runoff using relatively simple methods and readily available inputs. Thus, a P loss quantification tool that does not require greater degrees of complexity or input data than existing P Indexes could accurately predict P loss across a variety of management and fertilization practices, soil types, climates, and geographic locations. However, estimates of runoff and erosion are still needed that are accurate to a level appropriate for the intended use of the quantification tool. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Vadas, P A AU - Good, L W AU - Moore, P A AU - Widman, N AD - USDA-ARS, U.S. Dairy Forage Research Center, 1925 Linden Dr. West, Madison, WI 53706, peter.vadas@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 1645 EP - 1653 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 South Segoe Rd Madison WI 53711 USA VL - 38 IS - 4 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Agricultural Runoff KW - Resource management KW - Manure KW - Eutrophication KW - Phosphorus KW - Particulates KW - Freshwater KW - Soil KW - Fertilizers KW - Soils KW - Agricultural runoff KW - Freshwater pollution KW - Sediment pollution KW - soil types KW - Animal wastes KW - Climates KW - Nonpoint Pollution Sources KW - agricultural land KW - Nonpoint pollution KW - Agrochemicals KW - Sediments KW - Land use KW - Air pollution forecasting KW - Erosion KW - fertilization KW - Runoff KW - ENA 06:Food & Drugs KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20770236?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Estimating+Phosphorus+Loss+in+Runoff+from+Manure+and+Fertilizer+for+a+Phosphorus+Loss+Quantification+Tool&rft.au=Vadas%2C+P+A%3BGood%2C+L+W%3BMoore%2C+P+A%3BWidman%2C+N&rft.aulast=Vadas&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1645&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fjeq2008.0337 L2 - http://jeq.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/38/4/1645.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Resource management; Fertilizers; Manure; Eutrophication; Soils; Phosphorus; Agricultural runoff; Land use; Freshwater pollution; Sediment pollution; soil types; Animal wastes; agricultural land; Particulates; Nonpoint pollution; Agrochemicals; Soil; Erosion; Air pollution forecasting; fertilization; Agricultural Runoff; Climates; Nonpoint Pollution Sources; Sediments; Runoff; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2008.0337 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interactions of Tillage and Cover Crop on Water, Sediment, and Pre-emergence Herbicide Loss in Glyphosate-Resistant Cotton: Implications for the Control of Glyphosate-Resistant Weed Biotypes AN - 20756052; 10188686 AB - The need to control glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine]-resistant weed biotypes with tillage and preemergence herbicides in glyphosate-resistant crops (GRCs) is causing a reduction in no-tillage hectarage thereby threatening the advances made in water quality over the past decade. Consequently, if environmental gains afforded by GRCs are to be maintained, then an in-field best management practice (BMP) compatible with tillage is required for hectarage infested with glyphosate-resistant weed biotypes. Thus, 1 d after a preemergent application of fluometuron [N,N-dimethyl-N'-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)urea] (1.02 kg ha super(-1)) and metolachlor [2-chloro-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N-(2-methoxy-1-methylethyl)ac etamide] (1.18 kg ha super(-1)) to a Dundee silt loam (fine-silty, mixed, active, thermic Typic Endoaqualf), simulated rainfall (60 mm h super(-1)) was applied to 0.0002-ha microplots for approximately 1.25 h to elucidate tillage (no tillage [NT] and reduced tillage [RT])and cover crop (no cover [NC] and rye cover [RC]) effects on water, sediment, and herbicide loss in surface runoff. Regardless of tillage, RC delayed time-to-runoff 1.3- fold, reduced cumulative runoff volume 1.4-fold, and decreased cumulative sediment loss 4.7-fold. Cumulative fluometuron loss was not affected by tillage or cover crop. Conversely, total metolachlor loss was 1.3-fold lower in NT than RT and 1.4-fold lower in RC than NC. These data indicate that RC can be established in hectarage requiring tillage and potentially curtail water, sediment, and preemergence herbicide losses in the spring to levels equivalent to or better than that of NT, thereby protecting environmental gains provided by GRCs. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Krutz, LJason AU - Locke, Martin A AU - Steinriede, RWade AD - United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Southern Weed Science Research Unit, P.O. Box 350, Stoneville, MS 38776, jason.krutz@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009///0, PY - 2009 DA - 0, 2009 SP - 1240 EP - 1247 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 South Segoe Rd Madison WI 53711 USA VL - 38 IS - 3 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - water quality KW - Sediment pollution KW - Weeds KW - Cotton KW - Rainfall KW - Silt KW - silt KW - Herbicides KW - no-till cropping KW - Water quality KW - Crops KW - Environmental protection KW - best practices KW - loam KW - Interspecific relationships KW - Nature conservation KW - weeds KW - tillage KW - Runoff KW - biotypes KW - ENA 06:Food & Drugs KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q2 09183:Physics and chemistry KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20756052?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Interactions+of+Tillage+and+Cover+Crop+on+Water%2C+Sediment%2C+and+Pre-emergence+Herbicide+Loss+in+Glyphosate-Resistant+Cotton%3A+Implications+for+the+Control+of+Glyphosate-Resistant+Weed+Biotypes&rft.au=Krutz%2C+LJason%3BLocke%2C+Martin+A%3BSteinriede%2C+RWade&rft.aulast=Krutz&rft.aufirst=LJason&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1240&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fjeq2008.0342 L2 - http://jeq.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/38/3/1240.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Weeds; Interspecific relationships; Nature conservation; Silt; Herbicides; Water quality; Environmental protection; Runoff; Sediment pollution; water quality; Cotton; Rainfall; silt; no-till cropping; Crops; loam; best practices; tillage; weeds; biotypes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2008.0342 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Greenhouse Gas Fluxes in an Eastern Corn Belt Soil: Weather, Nitrogen Source, and Rotation AN - 20755480; 10188695 AB - Relative contributions of diverse, managed ecosystems to greenhouse gases are not completely documented. This study was conducted to estimate soil surface fluxes of carbon dioxide (CO sub(2)), methane (CH sub(4)), and nitrous oxide (N sub(2)O) as affected by management practices and weather. Gas fluxes were measured by vented, static chambers in Drummer and Raub soil series during two growing seasons. Treatments evaluated were corn cropped continuously (CC) or in rotation with soybean (CS) and fertilized with in-season urea-ammonium nitrate (UAN) or liquid swine manure applied in the spring (SM) or fall (FM). Soybean (SC) rotated with CS and restored prairie grass (PG) were also included. The CO sub(2) fluxes correlated (P 8 kg ha super(-1) yr super(-1) in CCSM; differences were driven by pulse emissions after N fertilization in concurrence with major rainfall events. These results suggest fall manure application, corn-soybean rotation, and restoration of prairies may diminish N sub(2)O emissions and hence contribute to global warming mitigation. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Hernandez-Ramirez, Guillermo AU - Brouder, Sylvie M AU - Smith, Douglas R AU - Van Scoyoc, George E AD - USDA-ARS, National Soil Tilth Lab., Ames, IA 50011-3120, sbrouder@purdue.edu Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 841 EP - 854 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 South Segoe Rd Madison WI 53711 USA VL - 38 IS - 3 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Manure KW - Grasses KW - Rainfall KW - corn KW - soil temperature KW - Soil KW - mitigation KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - Emissions KW - Seasonal variations KW - soybeans KW - crop rotation KW - Weather KW - Methane KW - Animal wastes KW - prairies KW - Greenhouse effect KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Carbon dioxide KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20755480?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Greenhouse+Gas+Fluxes+in+an+Eastern+Corn+Belt+Soil%3A+Weather%2C+Nitrogen+Source%2C+and+Rotation&rft.au=Hernandez-Ramirez%2C+Guillermo%3BBrouder%2C+Sylvie+M%3BSmith%2C+Douglas+R%3BVan+Scoyoc%2C+George+E&rft.aulast=Hernandez-Ramirez&rft.aufirst=Guillermo&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=841&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fjeq2007.0565 L2 - http://jeq.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/38/3/841.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - crop rotation; Methane; Weather; Manure; Animal wastes; Grasses; Rainfall; prairies; Greenhouse effect; corn; Soil; soil temperature; mitigation; Sulfur dioxide; Emissions; Carbon dioxide; Greenhouse gases; Seasonal variations; soybeans DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2007.0565 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fate and Transport of Antibiotic Residues and Antibiotic Resistance Genes following Land Application of Manure Waste AN - 20753445; 10188671 AB - Antibiotics are used in animal livestock production for therapeutic treatment of disease and at subtherapeutic levels for growth promotion and improvement of feed efficiency. It is estimated that approximately 75% of antibiotics are not absorbed by animals and are excreted in waste. Antibiotic resistance selection occurs among gastrointestinal bacteria, which are also excreted in manure and stored in waste holding systems. Land application of animal waste is a common disposal method used in the United States and is a means for environmental entry of both antibiotics and genetic resistance determinants. Concerns for bacterial resistance gene selection and dissemination of resistance genes have prompted interest about the concentrations and biological activity of drug residues and break-down metabolites, and their fate and transport. Fecal bacteria can survive for weeks to months in the environment, depending on species and temperature, however, genetic elements can persist regardless of cell viability. Phylogenetic analyses indicate antibiotic resistance genes have evolved, although some genes have been maintained in bacteria before the modern antibiotic era. Quantitative measurements of drug residues and levels of resistance genes are needed, in addition to understanding the environmental mechanisms of genetic selection, gene acquisition, and the spatiotemporal dynamics of these resistance genes and their bacterial hosts. This review article discusses an accumulation of findings that address aspects of the fate, transport, and persistence of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes in natural environments, with emphasis on mechanisms pertaining to soil environments following land application of animal waste effluent. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Chee-Sanford, Joanne C AU - Mackie, Roderick I AU - Koike, Satoshi AU - Krapac, Ivan G AU - Lin, Yu-Feng AU - Yannarell, Anthony C AU - Maxwell, Scott AU - Aminov, Rustam I AD - USDA-ARS, 1102 S. Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL 61801, and Dep. of Crop Sciences, Univ. of Illinois, 1102 S. Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL 61801, cheesanf@illinois.edu Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 1086 EP - 1108 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 South Segoe Rd Madison WI 53711 USA VL - 38 IS - 3 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Genetics Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Manure KW - antibiotic resistance KW - Metabolites KW - Antibiotics KW - Land application KW - Soil KW - Efficiency KW - Drugs KW - Antibiotic resistance KW - Phylogeny KW - Temperature effects KW - Fecal coliforms KW - Animal wastes KW - Residues KW - Temperature KW - Effluents KW - Livestock KW - USA KW - Reviews KW - Environmental quality KW - Feeds KW - Feed efficiency KW - J 02310:Genetics & Taxonomy KW - ENA 06:Food & Drugs KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT KW - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment KW - G 07770:Bacteria UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20753445?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Fate+and+Transport+of+Antibiotic+Residues+and+Antibiotic+Resistance+Genes+following+Land+Application+of+Manure+Waste&rft.au=Chee-Sanford%2C+Joanne+C%3BMackie%2C+Roderick+I%3BKoike%2C+Satoshi%3BKrapac%2C+Ivan+G%3BLin%2C+Yu-Feng%3BYannarell%2C+Anthony+C%3BMaxwell%2C+Scott%3BAminov%2C+Rustam+I&rft.aulast=Chee-Sanford&rft.aufirst=Joanne&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1086&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fjeq2008.0128 L2 - http://jeq.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/38/3/1086.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Phylogeny; Animal wastes; Manure; Antibiotics; Metabolites; Effluents; Livestock; Soil; Reviews; Environmental quality; Antibiotic resistance; Feed efficiency; Fecal coliforms; Residues; antibiotic resistance; Temperature; Land application; Efficiency; Drugs; Feeds; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2008.0128 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Broiler Litter Application Method and Runoff Timing Effects on Nutrient and Escherichia coli Losses from Tall Fescue Pasture AN - 20753251; 10188683 AB - The inability to incorporate manure into permanent pasture leads to the concentration of nutrients near the soil surface with the potential to be transported off site by runoff water. In this study, we used rainfall simulations to examine the effect of broiler chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) litter application method and the runoff timing on nutrient and E. coli losses from tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) pasture on a Hartsells sandy loam soil (fine-loamy, siliceous, subactive, thermic Typic Hapludults)) in Crossville, AL. Treatments included two methods of litter application (surface broadcast and subsurface banding), commercial fertilizer, and control. Litter was applied at a rate of 8.97 Mg ha super(-1). Treatments were assigned to 48 plots with four blocks (12 plots each) arranged in a randomized complete block design to include three replications in each block. Simulated rainfall was applied to treatments as follows: Day 1, block 1 (runoff 1); Day 8, block 2 (runoff 2); Day 15, block 3 (runoff 3); and Day 22, block 4 (runoff 4). Total phosphorus (TP), inorganic N, and Escherichia coli concentrations in runoff from broadcast litter application were all significantly greater than from subsurface litter banding. The TP losses from broadcast litter applications averaged 6.8 times greater than those from subsurface litter applications. About 81% of the runoff TP was in the form of dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP) for both litter-application methods. The average losses of NO sub(3)-N and total suspended solids (TSS) from subsurface banding plots were 160 g ha super(-1) and 22 kg ha super(-1) compared to 445 g ha super(-1) and 69 kg ha super(- 1) for the broadcast method, respectively. Increasing the time between litter application and the first runoff event helped decrease nutrient and E. coli losses from surface broadcast litter, but those losses generally remained significantly greater than controls and subsurface banded, regardless of runoff timing. This study shows that subsurface litter banding into perennial grassland can substantially reduce nutrient and pathogen losses in runoff compared to the traditional surface-broadcast practice. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Sistani, K R AU - Torbert, HA AU - Way, T R AU - Bolster, CH AU - Pote, D H AU - Warren, J G AD - USDA-ARS, Animal Waste Management Research Unit, 230 Bennett Lane, Bowling Green, KY 42104, karamat.sistani@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 1216 EP - 1223 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 South Segoe Rd Madison WI 53711 USA VL - 38 IS - 3 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Agrochemicals KW - Litter KW - Escherichia coli KW - Runoff KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - J 02410:Animal Diseases KW - SW 0835:Streamflow and runoff KW - ENA 15:Renewable Resources-Terrestrial KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20753251?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Broiler+Litter+Application+Method+and+Runoff+Timing+Effects+on+Nutrient+and+Escherichia+coli+Losses+from+Tall+Fescue+Pasture&rft.au=Sistani%2C+K+R%3BTorbert%2C+HA%3BWay%2C+T+R%3BBolster%2C+CH%3BPote%2C+D+H%3BWarren%2C+J+G&rft.aulast=Sistani&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1216&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fjeq2008.0185 L2 - http://jeq.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/38/3/1216.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Runoff; Litter; Escherichia coli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2008.0185 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental effects on the production of Shiga-like toxins by Escherichia coli O157:H7 as revealed by sandwiched immuno-chemiluminescence detection AN - 20749501; 9428094 AB - We have developed a sandwiched immuno assay to detect sensitively Shiga- like toxins (SLTs) produced by Escherichia coli O157:H7. The method involved the capture of toxins by specific immuno magnetic beads followed by tagging the toxins with peroxidase-labeled anti E. coli O157:H7 antibody. Upon addition of proper substrate, peroxidase induced luminescence was used to measure the presence of SLTs. We have previously demonstrated that co-incubation of shiga toxin (SLT) producing E. coli O157:H7 with certain other bacteria can inhibit toxin production but does not affect the growth of the E. coli. We show here that media in which the cells have grown been centrifuged from (conditioned media) have similar effects on cell growth and SLT production. Adjusting the pH and adding nutrients to the conditioned media did not have any effect on the reduction of SLT produced. Bacteria communicate with each other via secreted sensing molecules. Several types of the molecules have been identified. However, the mechanisms of control remain to be established. This pattern for bacteria growth and toxin production is also observed when quorum-sensing molecules of homoserine lactone and indole are added to the media prior to inoculation. JF - Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering AU - Tu, Shu-I AU - Uknalis, Joseph AU - He, Yiping AD - USDA Agricultural Research Service (USA) Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 PB - SPIE, P.O. BOX 10 Bellingham WA 98227-0010 USA, [mailto:spie@spie.org], [URL:http://spie.org] VL - 7315 SN - 0277-786X, 0277-786X KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Article no. 731506 KW - Agriculture KW - Homoserine lactones KW - Peroxidase KW - quorum sensing KW - Nutrients KW - Pathogens KW - Biosensors KW - Antibodies KW - Indole KW - Escherichia coli KW - Inoculation KW - Environmental effects KW - Food quality KW - pH effects KW - Luminescence KW - Shiga-like toxin KW - Shiga toxin KW - X 24390:Radioactive Materials KW - J 02320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20749501?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+SPIE+-+The+International+Society+for+Optical+Engineering&rft.atitle=Environmental+effects+on+the+production+of+Shiga-like+toxins+by+Escherichia+coli+O157%3AH7+as+revealed+by+sandwiched+immuno-chemiluminescence+detection&rft.au=Tu%2C+Shu-I%3BUknalis%2C+Joseph%3BHe%2C+Yiping&rft.aulast=Tu&rft.aufirst=Shu-I&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=7315&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+SPIE+-+The+International+Society+for+Optical+Engineering&rft.issn=0277786X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1117%2F12.819122 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Session: Biosensors and Pathogen Detection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agriculture; Homoserine lactones; quorum sensing; Peroxidase; Nutrients; Pathogens; Biosensors; Antibodies; Indole; Environmental effects; Inoculation; Food quality; Shiga-like toxin; Luminescence; pH effects; Shiga toxin; Escherichia coli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.819122 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Antimicrobial Efficacy of Zinc Oxide Quantum Dots against Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella Enteritidis, and Escherichia coli O157:H7 AN - 20740659; 9019388 AB - ABSTRACT:Zinc oxide quantum dots (ZnO QDs) are nanoparticles of purified powdered ZnO. These were evaluated for antimicrobial activity against Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella Enteritidis, and Escherichia coli O157:H7. The ZnO QDs were utilized as a powder, bound in a polystyrene film (ZnO-PS), or suspended in a polyvinylprolidone gel (ZnO-PVP). Bacteria cultures were inoculated into culture media or liquid egg white (LEW) and incubated at 22 C. The inhibitory efficacies of ZnO QDs against 3 pathogens were concentration dependent and also related to type of application. The ZnO-PVP (3.2 mg ZnO/mL) treatment resulted in 5.3 log reduction of L. monocytogenes and 6.0 log reduction of E. coli O157:H7 in growth media after 48 h incubation, as compared to the controls. Listeria cells in the LEW control increased from 3.8 to 7.2 log CFU/mL during 8 d incubation, while the cells in the samples treated with 1.12 and 0.28 mg ZnO/mL were reduced to 1.4 and 3.0 log CFU/mL, respectively. After 8 d incubation, the cell populations of Salmonella in LEW in the presence of 1.12 and 0.28 mg ZnO/mL were reduced by 6.1 and 4.1 log CFU/mL over that of controls, respectively. ZnO powder and ZnO-PVP showed significant antimicrobial activities against all 3 pathogens in growth media and LEW. ZnO-PVP coating had less inhibitory effect than the direct addition of ZnO-PVP. No antimicrobial activities of ZnO-PS film were observed. This study suggested that the application of ZnO nanoparticles in food systems may be effective at inhibiting certain pathogens. JF - Journal of Food Science AU - Jin, T AU - Sun, D AU - Su, J Y AU - Zhang, H AU - Sue, H-J AD - Food Safety Intervention Technologies Research Unit, USDA-ARS-NAA-ERRC, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor PA 19038, U.S.A., tony.jin@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - M46 EP - M52 PB - Institute of Food Technology VL - 74 IS - 1 SN - 0022-1147, 0022-1147 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - liquid foods KW - nanoparticles KW - pathogens KW - zinc oxide KW - Listeria monocytogenes KW - Powder KW - Antimicrobial activity KW - Food KW - Cell culture KW - Pathogens KW - Salmonella enteritidis KW - Albumen KW - Quantum dots KW - Colony-forming cells KW - Escherichia coli KW - polystyrene KW - oxides KW - FliM protein KW - Media (culture) KW - Coatings KW - J 02320:Cell Biology KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20740659?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Food+Science&rft.atitle=Antimicrobial+Efficacy+of+Zinc+Oxide+Quantum+Dots+against+Listeria+monocytogenes%2C+Salmonella+Enteritidis%2C+and+Escherichia+coli+O157%3AH7&rft.au=Jin%2C+T%3BSun%2C+D%3BSu%2C+J+Y%3BZhang%2C+H%3BSue%2C+H-J&rft.aulast=Jin&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=M46&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Food+Science&rft.issn=00221147&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1750-3841.2008.01013.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Powder; Antimicrobial activity; Food; Cell culture; Pathogens; Albumen; zinc oxide; Quantum dots; Colony-forming cells; polystyrene; oxides; nanoparticles; Media (culture); FliM protein; Coatings; Listeria monocytogenes; Escherichia coli; Salmonella enteritidis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2008.01013.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Wood-Strand Material for Wind Erosion Control: Effects on Total Sediment Loss, PM10 Vertical Flux, and PM10 Loss AN - 20734571; 8932653 AB - Fugitive dust from eroding land poses risks to environmental quality and human health, and thus, is regulated nationally based on ambient air quality standards for particulate matter with mean aerodynamic diameter < 10 km (PM sub(10)) established in the Clean Air Act. Agricultural straw has been widely used for rainfall-induced erosion control; however, its performance for wind erosion mitigation has been less studied, in part because straw is mobile at moderate wind velocities. A wood-based long-strand material has been developed for rainfall-induced erosion control and has shown operational promise for control of wind-induced erosion and dust emissions from disturbed sites. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of both agricultural straw and wood-strand materials in controlling wind erosion and fugitive dust emissions under laboratory conditions. Wind tunnel tests were conducted to compare wood strands of several geometries to agricultural wheat straw and bare soil in terms of total sediment loss, PM sub(10) vertical flux, and PM sub(10) loss. Results indicate that the types of wood strands tested are stable at wind speeds of up to 18 m s super(-1), while wheat straw is only stable at speeds of up to 6.5 m s super(-1). Wood strands reduced total sediment loss and PM sub(10) emissions by 90% as compared to bare soil across the range of wind speeds tested. Wheat straw did not reduce total sediment loss for the range of speeds tested, but did reduce PM sub(10) emissions by 75% compared to a bare soil at wind speeds of up to 11 m s super(-1). JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Copeland, N S AU - Sharratt, B S AU - Wu, J Q AU - Foltz, R B AU - Dooley, J H AD - USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Stn., Moscow, ID 83843, ncopeland@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2009///0, PY - 2009 DA - 0, 2009 SP - 139 EP - 148 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 South Segoe Rd Madison WI 53711 USA VL - 38 IS - 1 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Risk Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Particulates KW - Soil erosion KW - Freshwater KW - Vertical flux KW - Dust emission KW - Dust KW - Soil KW - Wind speed KW - Clean Air Act KW - Triticum aestivum KW - Particulate matter in atmosphere KW - mitigation KW - Aerodynamics KW - Soils KW - Emissions KW - Wind tunnels KW - Sedimentation KW - Erosion control KW - wheat KW - Sediment pollution KW - Atmospheric pollution KW - Wood KW - Velocity KW - Wind erosion KW - Suspended particulate matter KW - Wind velocities KW - Air quality standards KW - Wind erosion control KW - Erosion KW - Sediment-water interface KW - Particulate matter emissions KW - erosion control KW - Environmental quality KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - Q2 09264:Sediments and sedimentation KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20734571?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=A+Wood-Strand+Material+for+Wind+Erosion+Control%3A+Effects+on+Total+Sediment+Loss%2C+PM10+Vertical+Flux%2C+and+PM10+Loss&rft.au=Copeland%2C+N+S%3BSharratt%2C+B+S%3BWu%2C+J+Q%3BFoltz%2C+R+B%3BDooley%2C+J+H&rft.aulast=Copeland&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=139&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fjeq2008.0115 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sediment-water interface; Soils; Wind erosion; Soil erosion; Suspended particulate matter; Sedimentation; Dust; Erosion control; Atmospheric pollution; Vertical flux; Dust emission; Wind velocities; Wind erosion control; Clean Air Act; Wind speed; Air quality standards; Particulate matter in atmosphere; Erosion; Particulate matter emissions; Wind tunnels; Environmental quality; wheat; Sediment pollution; Velocity; Wood; Particulates; Soil; mitigation; Aerodynamics; erosion control; Emissions; Triticum aestivum; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2008.0115 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biosensors for mycotoxin analysis: recent developments and future prospects AN - 20680724; 9452428 AB - The toxicity and prevalence of mycotoxins in commodities and foods has necessitated the development of rapid methods in order to ensure the protection of human food and animal feed supplies. Testing for mycotoxins can be accomplished by many techniques that range from determinative tests in which the presence of the toxin is confirmed, to presumptive tests in which the presence of the toxin is inferred from the presence of markers. This review focuses on tests that fall into a third category, namely indirect assays, where the presence of the toxin is established by it's interaction with an intermediary. Such intermediaries include biological materials that bind mycotoxins, such as antibodies, as well as synthetic materials such as polymers and man-made peptides. The diversity of assays within this category is extraordinary and includes assays based upon traditional microwell formats, microbeads, membranes, electrodes, wave-guides, and solution-phase assays. The microbead format includes platforms as diverse as flow injection immunoassays, tandem column immunoassays, and immunoaffinity columns. The membrane-based formats include flow-through as well as lateral-flow assays. The electrode-based formats incorporate miniaturised immunoassays with electrochemical endpoints. The wave-guide-based devices include formats such as surface plasmon resonance, and fluorescence array biosensors, and the solution phase formats include homogeneous assays such as fluorescence polarisation immunoassay. The breadth of technologies brought to bear upon solving the need for rapid, accurate, detection of mycotoxins is impressive and includes technologies currently available commercially and those which appear poised to enter the marketplace. JF - World Mycotoxin Journal AU - Maragos, C M AD - Mycotoxin Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, ARS, USDA, 181SN. University St., Peoria, IL 61604, USA, chris.maragos@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 221 EP - 238 VL - 2 IS - 2 SN - 1875-0710, 1875-0710 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Biosensors KW - Mycotoxins KW - Antibodies KW - Fluorescence KW - surface plasmon resonance KW - Food KW - Reviews KW - Electrodes KW - microspheres KW - Toxicity KW - Immunoassays KW - K 03330:Biochemistry KW - X 24370:Natural Toxins KW - W 30955:Biosensors KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20680724?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=World+Mycotoxin+Journal&rft.atitle=Biosensors+for+mycotoxin+analysis%3A+recent+developments+and+future+prospects&rft.au=Maragos%2C+C+M&rft.aulast=Maragos&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=221&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=World+Mycotoxin+Journal&rft.issn=18750710&rft_id=info:doi/10.3920%2FWMJ2008.1117 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-05-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biosensors; Antibodies; Mycotoxins; surface plasmon resonance; Fluorescence; Reviews; Food; Electrodes; microspheres; Toxicity; Immunoassays DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/WMJ2008.1117 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transgenic approaches for pre-harvest control of mycotoxin contamination in crop plants AN - 20679130; 9452426 AB - Mycotoxins are fungal metabolites that can contaminate food and feed crops worldwide and are responsible for toxic effects in animals and humans that consume contaminated commodities. Regulatory guidelines and limits for mycotoxins have been set by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and food safety agencies of other countries for both import and export of affected commodities. Mycotoxin contamination of foods and feeds can also cause serious economic hardships to producers, processors, and the consumer. Therefore, there has been a concerted effort by researchers worldwide to develop strategies for the effective control of mycotoxin contamination of crops, particularly at the pre-harvest stage. Strategies currently being utilised to combat pre-harvest mycotoxin contamination include: (1) use of non-toxigenic biocontrol strains; (2) improved agricultural practices; (3) application of agrochemicals; (4) plant breeding for resistance; and (5) genetic engineering of resistance genes into crop plants. This article highlights research on the genetic engineering of plants for resistance to invasion by mycotoxigenic fungi as well as detoxification of mycotoxins. Emphasis is placed on the most economically relevant fungi and the mycotoxins they produce. These include aflatoxins produced mainly by Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus, trichothecenes produced mainly by Fusarium graminearum, and to a lesser extent, fumonisins produced by F. verticillioides. Information is also presented on the use of genomics and proteomics technologies as a means of identifying genes and proteins that can be utilised in transgenic approaches to control the growth of mycotoxigenic fungi and the mycotoxins that they produce in food and feed crops. JF - World Mycotoxin Journal AU - Cary, J W AU - Rajasekaran, K AU - Yu, J AU - Brown, R L AU - Bhatnagar, D AU - Cleveland, TE AD - Southern Regional Research Center, ARS, USDA, 1100 Robert E. Lee Blvd., New Orleans, LA 70124, USA, jeff.cary@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 203 EP - 214 VL - 2 IS - 2 SN - 1875-0710, 1875-0710 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Genetics Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Biological control KW - Detoxification KW - Fumonisins KW - Aspergillus flavus KW - Fungi KW - Aflatoxins KW - Plant breeding KW - Metabolites KW - Food contamination KW - Agrochemicals KW - Fusarium graminearum KW - Transgenic plants KW - Crops KW - trichothecenes KW - Mycotoxins KW - Agricultural practices KW - Genetic engineering KW - Economics KW - Consumers KW - genomics KW - proteomics KW - Aspergillus parasiticus KW - K 03330:Biochemistry KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - X 24320:Food Additives & Contaminants KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20679130?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=World+Mycotoxin+Journal&rft.atitle=Transgenic+approaches+for+pre-harvest+control+of+mycotoxin+contamination+in+crop+plants&rft.au=Cary%2C+J+W%3BRajasekaran%2C+K%3BYu%2C+J%3BBrown%2C+R+L%3BBhatnagar%2C+D%3BCleveland%2C+TE&rft.aulast=Cary&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=203&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=World+Mycotoxin+Journal&rft.issn=18750710&rft_id=info:doi/10.3920%2FWMJ2009.1138 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-05-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Detoxification; Biological control; Fumonisins; Fungi; Plant breeding; Aflatoxins; Metabolites; Food contamination; Agrochemicals; trichothecenes; Crops; Transgenic plants; Agricultural practices; Mycotoxins; Genetic engineering; Economics; Consumers; proteomics; genomics; Aspergillus flavus; Fusarium graminearum; Aspergillus parasiticus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/WMJ2009.1138 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fungi and diseases - natural components of healthy forests AN - 20677003; 9411231 AB - Forest health is described and perceived in different ways by the general public, land owners, managers, politicians, and scientists, depending on their values and objectives. Native tree pathogens and diseases are often associated with negative impacts even though damage is limited or not widespread. Too often, the concepts of tree health and forest health are used interchangeably and are not related to scale. Similar to fire, occurrences of disease outbreaks focus on the negative effects. However, native pathogens often exist in equilibrium with natural forest communities so their critical ecological roles are not easily discernible. Examined holistically, native fungi and diseases, dead and dying trees, and the many complex ecological interactions among them provide valuable benefits that ultimately contribute to sustainable, healthy forest ecosystems.Original Abstract: Le public en general, les proprietaires de boises, les amenagistes, les politiciens et les scientifiques percoivent et decrivent la sante de la foret de facons differentes, selon leurs valeurs et leurs objectifs. On associe souvent les pathogenes et les maladies des arbres a des impacts negatifs, bien que les dommages soient limites et de faible etendue. Trop souvent, les concepts de la sante des arbres et des forets sont confondus n'etant pas relies a l'echelle du phenomene. Tout comme pour le feu, on ne note que les effets negatifs des incidences de maladies epidemiques. Cependant, les pathogenes indigenes vivent souvent en equilibre avec les communautes forestieres naturelles, de sorte qu'il n'est pas facile de discerner leurs roles ecologiques critiques. Examines dans leur ensemble, les champignons et les maladies, les arbres morts ou mourants, ainsi que de nombreuses interactions ecologiques complexes entre eux, representent de precieux benefices qui contribuent ultimement au maintien durable d'ecosystemes en sante. JF - Botany/Botanique AU - Ostry, ME AU - Laflamme, G AD - USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, 1561 Lindig Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA. Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 22 EP - 25 PB - NRC Research Press VL - 87 IS - 1 SN - 1916-2790, 1916-2790 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Ecology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Fires KW - Forest ecosystems KW - botany KW - Trees KW - Fungi KW - Sustainable development KW - Forests KW - outbreaks KW - Pathogens KW - Pest outbreaks KW - public lands KW - Perception KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - A 01390:Forestry KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20677003?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Botany%2FBotanique&rft.atitle=Fungi+and+diseases+-+natural+components+of+healthy+forests&rft.au=Ostry%2C+ME%3BLaflamme%2C+G&rft.aulast=Ostry&rft.aufirst=ME&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=22&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Botany%2FBotanique&rft.issn=19162790&rft_id=info:doi/10.1139%2FB08-090 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fires; Trees; Fungi; Forests; Pathogens; Pest outbreaks; Forest ecosystems; botany; Perception; Sustainable development; outbreaks; public lands DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/B08-090 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of Using Threadfin Shad as Forage for Channel Catfish Fed Daily or Every Third Day AN - 20665081; 9411029 AB - We evaluated whether stocking threadfin shad Dorosoma petenense as a forage fish in multiple-batch production ponds for channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus could substitute for formulated feed when channel catfish were fed daily or every 3 d. A completely randomized design in a 2 2 factorial arrangement was used for the experiment, which was conducted in twelve 0.1-ha earthen ponds. Prespawn adult threadfin shad were stocked at 404 kg/ha in six of the ponds, whereas the remaining ponds received no threadfin shad. Channel catfish stockers (0.35 kg/fish) were stocked at 5,040 kg/ha, and fingerlings (28.2 g/fish) were stocked at 14,820 fish/ha. Channel catfish were fed a floating feed (32% protein) to apparent satiation daily (D; 6 ponds) or every 3 d (3D; 6 ponds). After 144 d, mean channel catfish total net yield was unaffected by the presence of threadfin shad but was significantly greater for fish in the D treatment (7,256 kg/ha) than for fish in the 3D treatment (2,431 kg/ha). Mean fish weight at harvest also was greater in the D treatment than in the 3D treatment. The amount of feed administered in the 3D treatment was 62% of that used in the D treatment, thus reducing net total yield by 66% and slowing growth in fish from the 3D treatment. Nearly 90% of stockers in the 3D treatment failed to reach market size (0.68 kg/fish) and would have required a third season to reach harvest weight. At the rate used in this experiment, stocking of threadfin shad as forage fish into channel catfish production ponds did not appear to be a viable method of substituting for formulated feed during the growing season. JF - North American Journal of Aquaculture AU - Green, Bartholomew AU - Perschbacher, Peter AU - Ludwig, Gerald Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 46 EP - 51 PB - American Fisheries Society, 5410 Grosvenor Ln. VL - 71 IS - 1 SN - 1522-2055, 1522-2055 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Shad KW - Freshwater KW - Freshwater fish KW - Aquaculture KW - Ictalurus punctatus KW - Ponds KW - Forages KW - Feed composition KW - Yield KW - Weight KW - Dorosoma petenense KW - Fish culture KW - Growth rate KW - Stocking (organisms) KW - Pond culture KW - Channels KW - Fingerlings KW - Forage fish KW - Fish KW - Catfish KW - Feeds KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0540:Properties of water KW - Q3 08582:Fish culture KW - O 5060:Aquaculture KW - Q1 08582:Fish culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20665081?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=North+American+Journal+of+Aquaculture&rft.atitle=Effect+of+Using+Threadfin+Shad+as+Forage+for+Channel+Catfish+Fed+Daily+or+Every+Third+Day&rft.au=Green%2C+Bartholomew%3BPerschbacher%2C+Peter%3BLudwig%2C+Gerald&rft.aulast=Green&rft.aufirst=Bartholomew&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=71&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=46&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=North+American+Journal+of+Aquaculture&rft.issn=15222055&rft_id=info:doi/10.1577%2FA07-098.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth rate; Stocking (organisms); Fingerlings; Pond culture; Forage fish; Freshwater fish; Fish culture; Ponds; Feed composition; Channels; Yield; Shad; Weight; Fish; Catfish; Aquaculture; Forages; Feeds; Dorosoma petenense; Ictalurus punctatus; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/A07-098.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biodegradable composites based on starch/EVOH/glycerol blends and coconut fibers AN - 20598466; 9306426 AB - Unripe coconut fibers were used as fillers in a biodegradable polymer matrix of starch/ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH)/glycerol. The effects of fiber content on the mechanical, thermal, and structural properties were evaluated. The addition of coconut fiber into starch/EVOH/glycerol blends reduced the ductile behavior of the matrix by making the composites more brittle. At low fiber content, blends were more flexible, with higher tensile strength than at higher fiber levels. The temperature at the maximum degradation rate slightly shifted to lower values as fiber content increased. Comparing blends with and without fibers, there was no drastic change in melt temperature of the matrix with increase of fiber content, indicating that fibers did not lead to significant changes in crystalline structure. The micrographs of the tensile fractured specimens showed a large number of holes resulting from fiber pull-out from the matrix, indicating poor adhesion between fiber and matrix. Although starch alone degraded readily, starch/EVOH/glycerol blends exhibited much slower degradation in compost. Composites produced 24.4-28.8% less CO2 compared with starch in a closed-circuit respirometer. Addition of increasing amount of fiber in starch/EVOH/glycerol composite had no impact on its biodegradation. JF - Journal of Applied Polymer Science AU - Rosa, Morsyleide F AU - Chiou, Bor-sen AU - Medeiros, Eliton S AU - Wood, Delilah F AU - Mattoso, Luiz H C AU - Orts, William J AU - Imam, Syed H AD - Embrapa Agroindustria Tropical, Rua Dra Sara Mesquita, 60511-110 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil, syed.imam@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 612 EP - 618 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD UK, [mailto:customer@wiley.co.uk], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 111 IS - 2 SN - 0021-8995, 0021-8995 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Temperature effects KW - Biodegradation KW - Composts KW - Fractures KW - Starch KW - Biodegradability KW - Fibers KW - Glycerol KW - alcohols KW - Tensile strength KW - Ethylene KW - Carbon dioxide KW - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up KW - A 01320:Microbial Degradation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20598466?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Polymer+Science&rft.atitle=Biodegradable+composites+based+on+starch%2FEVOH%2Fglycerol+blends+and+coconut+fibers&rft.au=Rosa%2C+Morsyleide+F%3BChiou%2C+Bor-sen%3BMedeiros%2C+Eliton+S%3BWood%2C+Delilah+F%3BMattoso%2C+Luiz+H+C%3BOrts%2C+William+J%3BImam%2C+Syed+H&rft.aulast=Rosa&rft.aufirst=Morsyleide&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=111&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=612&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Polymer+Science&rft.issn=00218995&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fapp.29062 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Fibers; Biodegradation; Glycerol; Composts; Fractures; alcohols; Tensile strength; Ethylene; Carbon dioxide; Starch; Biodegradability DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.29062 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fractal Analyses of Steady Infiltration and Terrain on an Undulating Agricultural Field AN - 20567840; 9261418 AB - Analysis of spatially distributed quasi-steady infiltration measurements is important because of the effects of infiltration capacity on spatial patterns of soil water, nutrients, and plant development and production. We explored fractal models of quasi-steady infiltration rates, emphasizing apparent changes in scaling exponents with domain size. Quasi-steady infiltration rates were measured using single-ring (0.30-m-diameter) constant-head infiltrometers at 150 locations over 10 landscape positions (30 by 30 m, or approximately 0.1 ha) across a field (approximately 100 ha). At each landscape position, 15 rings were distributed randomly in nested patterns. The field in northeastern Colorado comprises undulating agricultural terrain cropped with dryland winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under conventional tillage. Data were analyzed for multifractal and monofractal behavior. A monofractal model fit the infiltration data best, while terrain attributes other than elevation deviated from monofractals to different degrees. The Hurst exponent (H) was estimated by fitting power- law variograms at different scales across the field. Values of H changed with the maximum lag distance, peaking near H = 0.9 at approximately 200 m, which represents a typical hillslope length. Spatial persistence in steady infiltration was not observed at long distances (>300 m). Using dense and sparsely sampled terrain attributes as proxy data indicated that the observed spatial scaling of infiltration was not solely due to the clustering of infiltration measurements. These results shed new light on research needed to address spatial variability of soil hydraulic properties, with implications for hillslope process interactions between land areas when modeling distributed infiltration, runoff and run-on, and plant water use. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Green, Timothy R AU - Dunn, Gale H AU - Erskine, Robert H AU - Salas, Jose D AU - Ahuja, Lajpat R AD - USDA-ARS, Agricultural Systems Research Unit, 2150-D Centre Ave. #200, Fort Collins, CO 80526, tim.green@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 310 EP - 320 PB - Soil Science Society of America, 677 South Segoe Rd Maxison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.soils.org/] VL - 8 IS - 2 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Fractals KW - USA, Colorado KW - Infiltration KW - Infiltration Rate KW - Nutrients KW - Wheat KW - Scaling KW - Vadose Water KW - Model Studies KW - Hydraulic Properties KW - SW 0845:Water in soils KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20567840?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Fractal+Analyses+of+Steady+Infiltration+and+Terrain+on+an+Undulating+Agricultural+Field&rft.au=Green%2C+Timothy+R%3BDunn%2C+Gale+H%3BErskine%2C+Robert+H%3BSalas%2C+Jose+D%3BAhuja%2C+Lajpat+R&rft.aulast=Green&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=310&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fvzj2008.0021 L2 - http://vzj.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/8/2/310.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fractals; Infiltration; Infiltration Rate; Nutrients; Wheat; Vadose Water; Scaling; Hydraulic Properties; Model Studies; USA, Colorado DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/vzj2008.0021 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Complex Permittivity Model for Time Domain Reflectometry Soil Water Content Sensing: I. Theory AN - 20567812; 9261402 AB - Despite numerous applications of time-domain reflectometry (TDR), serious difficulties remain in estimating accurate soil water contents under field conditions, especially in fine-textured soils. We developed a physically based calibration model to predict the frequency- and temperature-dependent complex dielectric response of soils. The model was used to predict frequency-dependent attenuation and a single "effective" frequency approximation of apparent permittivity of the soil. Effective frequency was predicted to decline from 450 to 160 MHz as water contents increased from air dry to saturation. Predicted frequency decline was small for an input bandwidth of 130 MHz, reflecting that modeled polarization mechanisms associated with relaxation frequencies above 100 MHz were responsible for most of the frequency-dependent attenuation. For specific surface areas ranging from 150 to 300 m super(2) g super(-1), simulations indicate that ignoring dielectric and conductive losses or the associated decline in effective frequency results in a 5 to 22% underestimation of the apparent permittivity. Both the power-law and de Loor-Dobson mixing models gave a reasonable approximation to the measured apparent permittivity for a silty clay loam (34% clay) across the entire water content range. Moreover, the models were able to describe the behavior of apparent permittivity in response to temperature for two soils with contrasting bulk electrical conductivity contributions to losses. These results demonstrate that loss mechanisms and declines in effective frequency need to be considered to accurately predict the soil water content of fine-textured soils. JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Schwartz, R C AU - Evett AU - Pelletier, M G AU - Bell, J M AD - USDA-ARS, Conservation and Production Research Lab., Bushland, TX 79012, robert.schwartz@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 886 EP - 897 PB - Soil Science Society of America VL - 73 IS - 3 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Calibrations KW - Behavior KW - Conductivity KW - Soil Water KW - Saturation KW - Polarization KW - Clay Loam KW - Mixing KW - Model Studies KW - SW 0845:Water in soils KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20567812?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=Complex+Permittivity+Model+for+Time+Domain+Reflectometry+Soil+Water+Content+Sensing%3A+I.+Theory&rft.au=Schwartz%2C+R+C%3BEvett%3BPelletier%2C+M+G%3BBell%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Schwartz&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=886&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fsssaj2008.0194 L2 - http://soil.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/73/3/886.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Behavior; Calibrations; Conductivity; Soil Water; Polarization; Saturation; Mixing; Clay Loam; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2008.0194 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Crop Nitrogen Uptake and Soil Phenols Accumulation under Continuous Rice Cropping in Arkansas AN - 20566457; 9261408 AB - Soil C stocks in the Grand Prairie region of eastern Arkansas have declined under the prevalent 2-yr rotation of rice (Orzya sativa L.)- soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. Continuous rice cropping could promote soil C sequestration, but in previous work continuous rice averaged 19% less grain yield than rice following soybean, apparently due to N deficiency. To further study N cycling, microplots were imbedded during the rice phase of a crop rotation field study in 2002 and 2004. Urea labeled with super(15)N was applied preflood, when all N fertilizer is conventionally applied. Crop biomass was often smaller with continuous rice than with rice following soybean (sampled both years) and rice following corn (Zea mays L.) (sampled only in 2004), although the difference varied by growth stage. Crop uptake of native super(14)N, presumably mineralized from soil organic matter, was inhibited with continuous rice in both years. This trend was clearest at harvest (P = 0.02), when continuous rice averaged 40 kg super(14)N ha super(-1) less uptake than rice in the two rotations. Fertilizer super(15)N averaged only 30% of total crop N and its uptake differed among cropping treatments only in 2002. At harvest, soil C with continuous rice cropping was enriched by 42% with syringyl phenols and by 83% with cinnamic phenols compared with the rotations. These enrichments appear unrelated to estimated input rates of lignin-derived phenols. Results support the hypothesis that continuous rice cropping promotes the binding of soil N by lignin-derived phenols, thereby inhibiting N mineralization and late-season crop growth. Similar observations were reported for tropical rice production, suggesting that the responsible soil processes might be common in continuous rice cropping. JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Olk, D C AU - Anders, M M AU - Filley, T R AU - Isbell, C AD - USDA-ARS, National Soil Tilth Lab., 2110 University Blvd., Ames, IA 50011-3120, dan.olk@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 952 EP - 960 PB - Soil Science Society of America VL - 73 IS - 3 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - crop rotation KW - Organic matter KW - prairies KW - Oryza sativa KW - Mineralization KW - Biomass KW - Agrochemicals KW - Glycine max KW - corn KW - Phenols KW - Soil KW - Carbon sequestration KW - Fertilizers KW - Rice fields KW - urea KW - Zea mays KW - USA, Arkansas KW - soybeans KW - Nitrogen KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20566457?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=Crop+Nitrogen+Uptake+and+Soil+Phenols+Accumulation+under+Continuous+Rice+Cropping+in+Arkansas&rft.au=Olk%2C+D+C%3BAnders%2C+M+M%3BFilley%2C+T+R%3BIsbell%2C+C&rft.aulast=Olk&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=952&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fsssaj2008.0069 L2 - http://soil.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/73/3/952.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - crop rotation; Organic matter; prairies; Biomass; Mineralization; Agrochemicals; Phenols; corn; Soil; Carbon sequestration; Fertilizers; urea; Rice fields; soybeans; Nitrogen; Zea mays; Oryza sativa; Glycine max; USA, Arkansas DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2008.0069 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cell wall fermentation kinetics are impacted more by lignin content and ferulate cross-linking than by lignin composition AN - 20563199; 9261118 AB - BACKGROUND: We used a biomimetic model system to ascertain how reductions in ferulate-lignin cross-linking and shifts in lignin composition influence ruminal cell wall fermentation. Primary walls from maize cell suspensions with normal or reduced feruloylation were artificially lignified with various monolignols previously identified in normal, mutant, and transgenic plants. Cell wall fermentability was determined from gas production during in vitro incubation with rumen microflora and by analysis of non-fermented polysaccharides. RESULTS: Hemicellulose fermentation lag time increased by 37%, rate decreased by 37%, and the extent declined by 18% as cell wall lignin content increased from 0.5 to 124 mg g-1. Lignification increased lag time for cellulose fermentation by 12-fold. Ferulate-lignin cross-linking accounted for at least one-half of the inhibitory effect of lignin on cell wall fermentation. Incorporating sinapyl p-coumarate, a precursor of p-coumaroylated grass lignin, increased the extent of hemicellulose fermentation by 5%. Polymerizing varying ratios of coniferyl and sinapyl alcohols or incorporating 5-hydroxyconiferyl alcohol, coniferaldehyde, sinapyl acetate, or dihydroconiferyl alcohol into lignin did not alter the kinetics of cell wall fermentation. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that selection or engineering of plants for reduced lignification or ferulate-lignin cross-linking will improve fiber fermentability more than current approaches for shifting lignin composition. JF - Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture AU - Grabber, John H AU - Mertens, David R AU - Kim, Hoon AU - Funk, Carola AU - Lu, Fachuang AU - Ralph, John AD - U.S. Dairy Forage Research Center, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Madison, WI 53706, USA, John.Grabber@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 122 EP - 129 PB - John Wiley & Sons, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 89 IS - 1 SN - 0022-5142, 0022-5142 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Cell suspensions KW - Rumen KW - Fermentation KW - Grasses KW - Cellulose KW - sinapyl alcohol KW - Polysaccharides KW - Acetic acid KW - Transgenic plants KW - hemicellulose KW - Fibers KW - Zea mays KW - Gas production KW - Kinetics KW - Lignin KW - Microflora KW - alcohols KW - Cell walls KW - A 01390:Forestry KW - W 30935:Food Biotechnology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20563199?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Science+of+Food+and+Agriculture&rft.atitle=Cell+wall+fermentation+kinetics+are+impacted+more+by+lignin+content+and+ferulate+cross-linking+than+by+lignin+composition&rft.au=Grabber%2C+John+H%3BMertens%2C+David+R%3BKim%2C+Hoon%3BFunk%2C+Carola%3BLu%2C+Fachuang%3BRalph%2C+John&rft.aulast=Grabber&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=89&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=122&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Science+of+Food+and+Agriculture&rft.issn=00225142&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fjsfa.3418 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cell suspensions; Rumen; Grasses; Fermentation; Cellulose; sinapyl alcohol; Polysaccharides; Acetic acid; Transgenic plants; hemicellulose; Fibers; Kinetics; Gas production; Lignin; alcohols; Microflora; Cell walls; Zea mays DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.3418 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Management Factors Affecting the Establishment of Pine Based Silvopastures in Southern Grasslands in the United States AN - 20515733; 9208481 AB - Silvopasture practices are being advocated as a means of maintaining pine forest acreage in the southeast United States; however, scientific data on the design and management for optimum tree growth are lacking. Studies were conducted near Booneville AR to determine the effects of weed control, irrigation, soil fertilization and protection from cattle grazing on the establishment of loblolly pines (Pinus taeda L.). Pine seedling growth during the first year after planting was increased significantly by weed control in a factorial experiment in which pre-plant fertilization, irrigation and weed control were treatments. In a follow-up experiment, first-year pine regeneration was increased by a high level of weed control. Pine seedling survival and growth up to 21 months after transplanting were significantly reduced when seedlings were planted into pastures grazed continuously by cattle. These results demonstrate the need for regulated grazing systems during pine regeneration and establishment of silvopastures and that pine growth is best when competing vegetation is minimal. JF - Open Forest Science Journal AU - Brauer, David AU - Pearson, Henry AU - Burner, David AD - USDA ARS CPRL, PO Drawer 10, 2300 Experiment Station Road, Bushland, TX 79012, USA Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 1 EP - 8 PB - Bentham Science Publishers B.V., P.O. Box 1673 Hilversum 1200 BR The Netherlands, [URL:http://www.bentham.org] VL - 2 SN - 1874-3986, 1874-3986 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - grazing KW - Trees KW - Forests KW - Survival KW - USA, Southeast KW - Pasture KW - Soil KW - Fertilization KW - Planting KW - regeneration KW - weed control KW - Grazing KW - Pinus taeda KW - Irrigation KW - planting KW - Vegetation KW - Weed control KW - Grasslands KW - Cattle KW - fertilization KW - Seedlings KW - survival KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20515733?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Open+Forest+Science+Journal&rft.atitle=Management+Factors+Affecting+the+Establishment+of+Pine+Based+Silvopastures+in+Southern+Grasslands+in+the+United+States&rft.au=Brauer%2C+David%3BPearson%2C+Henry%3BBurner%2C+David&rft.aulast=Brauer&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Open+Forest+Science+Journal&rft.issn=18743986&rft_id=info:doi/10.2174%2F1874398600902010001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Grasslands; Fertilization; Grazing; Planting; Irrigation; Survival; Seedlings; Weed control; weed control; regeneration; grazing; Trees; Vegetation; Forests; planting; Pasture; Cattle; fertilization; survival; Pinus taeda; USA, Southeast DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874398600902010001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of Yeast Oligosaccharide Diet Supplements on Growth and Disease Resistance in Juvenile Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus AN - 20485157; 9180299 AB - Commercially available yeast and yeast subcomponents consisting mainly of b-glucan or oligosaccharide feed additives were added to diets of juvenile (12-18g) Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) at rates recommended by suppliers. Three experiments were conducted following a basic protocol with varied rates of supplementation, duration of feeding, and stocking densities. Experimental diets were fed twice daily to apparent satiation for a period of two or four weeks, at the end of which feed consumption and weight gain were measured. Following the experimental feeding period, serum components, including protein and immunoglobulin concentrations, as well as lysozyme and complement activities, were measured. A disease challenge was conducted with pathogenic isolates of Streptococcus iniae or Edwardsiella tarda. Weight gains were not significantly different in fish fed the supplemented diets when compared to the control diet. There were significant differences in fed intake within individual experiments; however, this effect was not consistent in all three experiments. Overall feed efficiency was not significantly affected by diet. There were no differences in serum components of fish sampled at two or four weeks. Fish fed the experimental diets did not have lower mortality or morbidity after disease challenge compared to fish fed the control diets. Specific antibody against S. iniae or E. tarda measured by ELISA did not reveal differences in the fish surviving the challenge. We conclude that the incorporation of these commercial yeast component products into the diet of juvenile Nile tilapia at these rates and for these feeding periods had no effect on growth, serum components, antibody responses, or survival following S. iniae or E. tarda infection. JF - Journal of Applied Aquaculture AU - Shelby, Richard A AU - Lim, Chhorn AU - Yildirim-Aksoy, Mediha AU - Welker, Thomas L AU - Klesius, Phillip H AD - United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Aquatic Animal Health Research Laboratory, Auburn, Alabama, USA Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - January 2009 SP - 61 EP - 71 PB - Haworth Press, Inc., 10 Alice Street Binghamton NY 13904-1580 USA, [mailto:getinfo@haworthpress.com] VL - 21 IS - 1 SN - 1045-4438, 1045-4438 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Yeasts KW - Lysozyme KW - Edwardsiella tarda KW - Survival KW - Disease resistance KW - Infection KW - Nutrition KW - Morbidity KW - Feed composition KW - Growth KW - ELISA KW - Brackishwater fish KW - Immunoglobulins KW - Diets KW - Mortality KW - Feeding KW - Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay KW - Satiety KW - oligosaccharides KW - Brackish KW - Antibodies KW - Stocking KW - Serum KW - Dietary supplements KW - Feeding experiments KW - Streptococcus iniae KW - b-Glucan KW - Oreochromis niloticus KW - Feed efficiency KW - Q1 08587:Diseases of Cultured Organisms KW - J 02320:Cell Biology KW - Q3 08587:Diseases of Cultured Organisms KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20485157?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Aquaculture&rft.atitle=Effects+of+Yeast+Oligosaccharide+Diet+Supplements+on+Growth+and+Disease+Resistance+in+Juvenile+Nile+Tilapia%2C+Oreochromis+niloticus&rft.au=Shelby%2C+Richard+A%3BLim%2C+Chhorn%3BYildirim-Aksoy%2C+Mediha%3BWelker%2C+Thomas+L%3BKlesius%2C+Phillip+H&rft.aulast=Shelby&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=61&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Aquaculture&rft.issn=10454438&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F10454430802694728 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Yeasts; Growth; Antibodies; Serum; ELISA; Feeding experiments; Brackishwater fish; Nutrition; Feed composition; Diets; Lysozyme; Feeding; Mortality; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; oligosaccharides; Satiety; Survival; Disease resistance; Infection; Morbidity; Stocking; Dietary supplements; b-Glucan; Immunoglobulins; Feed efficiency; Edwardsiella tarda; Streptococcus iniae; Oreochromis niloticus; Brackish DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10454430802694728 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fecal Strings Associated with Streptococcus agalactiae Infection in Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus AN - 20484120; 9170707 AB - This study provides the first description of long fecal strings in Streptococcus agalactiae-infected fish. Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) were administered an intraperitoneal injection with 0.1 mL solution containing a 10-fold dilution from 101 to 106 cfu S. agalactiae/fish. While infected fish developed clinical signs commonly associated with S. agalactiae infection, up to 40% of infected fish in each group also produced considerably longer (up to 20 cm in length) fecal waste strings than unchallenged tilapia. Fecal strings from these infected fish were observed trailing from the anus and often became increasingly opaque and white over time. Though S. agalactiae was not isolated from the fecal strings themselves, all S. agalactiae-challenged fish sampled were culture-positive. Histologic examination of the intestines of infected fish exhibited the presence of sloughed intestinal mucous cells and enterocytes in the feces and the absence of normal fecal matter. The presence of long brown and/or white, opaque fecal strings may suggest a clinical sign of bacterial disease and the need for further clinical examination. JF - Open Veterinary Science Journal AU - Pasnik, David J AU - Evans, Joyce J AU - Klesius, Phillip H AD - Aquatic Animal Health Research Laboratory, 118B Lynchburg Street, United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service, Chestertown, Maryland 21620, USA Y1 - 2009///0, PY - 2009 DA - 0, 2009 SP - 6 EP - 8 PB - Bentham Science Publishers B.V., P.O. Box 1673 Hilversum 1200 BR The Netherlands VL - 3 SN - 1874-3188, 1874-3188 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Fish wastes KW - Bacterial diseases KW - Wastes KW - Freshwater KW - Infection KW - Freshwater fish KW - Anus KW - Intestines KW - Fish diseases KW - Streptococcus agalactiae KW - Colony-forming cells KW - Intestine KW - Medicine KW - Feces KW - Brackishwater fish KW - Enterocytes KW - Fish culture KW - Oreochromis niloticus KW - J 02410:Animal Diseases KW - A 01490:Miscellaneous KW - Q1 08484:Species interactions: parasites and diseases KW - Q3 08587:Diseases of Cultured Organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20484120?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Open+Veterinary+Science+Journal&rft.atitle=Fecal+Strings+Associated+with+Streptococcus+agalactiae+Infection+in+Nile+Tilapia%2C+Oreochromis+niloticus&rft.au=Pasnik%2C+David+J%3BEvans%2C+Joyce+J%3BKlesius%2C+Phillip+H&rft.aulast=Pasnik&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=6&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Open+Veterinary+Science+Journal&rft.issn=18743188&rft_id=info:doi/10.2174%2F1874318800903010006 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Anus; Fish wastes; Fish diseases; Intestines; Bacterial diseases; Medicine; Brackishwater fish; Freshwater fish; Fish culture; Colony-forming cells; Wastes; Intestine; Feces; Infection; Enterocytes; Streptococcus agalactiae; Oreochromis niloticus; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874318800903010006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Patterns in Resource Partitioning by Insect Biological Control Agents of Yellow Starthistle (Centaurea solstitialis L.) in Washington AN - 20453998; 9130277 AB - Entire yellow starthistle, Centaurea solstitialis L. (Asteraceae), plants were harvested from three southeastern Washington sites in September 2004 for seed head dissections to assess intra-plant patterns in the spatial distribution of the introduced false peacock fly, Chaetorellia succinea (Costa), and peacock fly, Chaetorellia australis Hering (Diptera: Tephritidae). Thirty plants were partitioned into three height classes and collected at each site, spanning the longitudinal range of yellow starthistle in Washington. Seed head canopies were stratified into three vertical sections and individual heads were dissected to determine bioagent occupation. Logistic regression analysis using a binary logit model was performed on data collected from each of the three sites separately due to varying site effects. Explanatory variables included plant height, plant width, plant canopy stratum (apical, mid, basal), and presence of other bioagents within a head. 'Other bioagents' detected include the yellow starthistle hairy weevil, Eustenopus villosus (Boheman) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), the yellow starthistle bud weevil, Bangasternus orientalis Capiomont (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), the yellow starthistle flower weevil, Larinus curtus Hochhut (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), and the yellow starthistle gall fly, Urophora sirunaseva (Hering) (Diptera: Tephritidae). Using Chaetorellia spp. presence as the response variable, models were significant for the western-most site in Klickitat Co. (x super(2)= 35.66, df = 5, P<0.0001, n = 2,783), and the eastern-most site in Asotin Co. (x super(2)= 17.93, df = 5, P = 0.0030, n = 939), but not for the central site in Benton Co. (x super(2)= 9.44, df = 5, P = 0.0929, n = 1,020). The one consistently significant site-wide predictor of Chaetorellia spp. occupation was the presence of 'other bioagents.' The frequent co-occurrence of Chaetorellia spp. and, in particular, E. villosus at the sampling sites suggests potentially competitive interactions between these insects. JF - Northwest Science AU - Tonkel, K C AU - Piper, G L AD - USDA-ARS, Exotic and Invasive Weeds Research Unit, 920 Valley Road, Reno, Nevada 89512, USA, ktonkel@unr.edu Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 16 EP - 24 VL - 83 IS - 1 SN - 0029-344X, 0029-344X KW - Ecology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Entomology Abstracts KW - Biological control KW - Canker KW - Centaurea solstitialis KW - Seeds KW - Flowers KW - Succinea KW - Data processing KW - Coleoptera KW - Head KW - Spatial distribution KW - Urophora sirunaseva KW - Tephritidae KW - Models KW - Asteraceae KW - Curculionidae KW - Regression analysis KW - Canopies KW - Sampling KW - Diptera KW - Resource partitioning KW - Z 05350:Medical, Veterinary, and Agricultural Entomology KW - A 01370:Biological Control KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20453998?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Northwest+Science&rft.atitle=Patterns+in+Resource+Partitioning+by+Insect+Biological+Control+Agents+of+Yellow+Starthistle+%28Centaurea+solstitialis+L.%29+in+Washington&rft.au=Tonkel%2C+K+C%3BPiper%2C+G+L&rft.aulast=Tonkel&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=16&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Northwest+Science&rft.issn=0029344X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Canker; Biological control; Flowers; Seeds; Data processing; Spatial distribution; Head; Regression analysis; Sampling; Canopies; Resource partitioning; Models; Centaurea solstitialis; Succinea; Coleoptera; Curculionidae; Asteraceae; Urophora sirunaseva; Diptera; Tephritidae ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Downed Wood Microclimates and Their Potential Impact on Plethodontid Salamander Habitat in the Oregon Coast Range AN - 20451702; 9130278 AB - Downed wood provides important faunal microhabitat in forests for numerous invertebrate taxa, small mammals and amphibians. Habitat suitability of downed wood as refugia is an increasing concern in managed Pacific Northwest forests, where overstory reduction may result in both reduced downed wood recruitment and increased temperatures within logs. We examined temperature profiles in western Oregon to assess differences in thermal regimes of logs and soil relative to summer air temperature extremes and their implications with respect to habitat suitability for plethodontid salamanders. Temperature profiles of small- (0.3-0.45 m) and large- (0.7-1.0 m) diameter logs, as well as ambient soil and air temperatures, were measured in a 60-year-old forest stand at two different positions (0-5 m and 35-40 m from stream edge) in three case studies: 1) along a headwater stream with a narrow riparian buffer (66 m) and moderate upslope thinning; 2) along a headwater stream with a wider riparian buffer (615 m) and moderate upslope thinning; and 3) along a headwater stream with an unthinned upslope. Streamside and upslope maximum air temperatures measured during July 2006 along all three streams were near or exceeded 30C, the critical thermal tolerance threshold for western plethodontid salamanders. Streamside and upslope temperatures inside small logs, large logs and soils stayed below critical temperatures. Our results suggest that logs of a wide size range, as well as soils, may provide sufficient protection against thermal extremes in uncut forests and thinned stands with limited overstory. JF - Northwest Science AU - Kluber, M R AU - Olson, D H AU - Puettmann, K J AD - USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA, mkluber@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 25 EP - 34 VL - 83 IS - 1 SN - 0029-344X, 0029-344X KW - Salamanders KW - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - thinning KW - air temperature KW - Amphibiotic species KW - buffers KW - Ecological distribution KW - Microhabitats KW - USA, Coast Range KW - Forests KW - microclimate KW - taxa KW - Streams KW - INE, USA, Pacific Northwest KW - invertebrates KW - Air temperature KW - Soil KW - Caudata KW - Riparian environments KW - recruitment KW - USA, Oregon KW - mammals KW - Temperature effects KW - Rivers KW - Refuges KW - salamanders KW - Temperature KW - Wood KW - refugia KW - Habitat KW - amphibians KW - Temperature extremes KW - case studies KW - Microclimates KW - INE, USA, Oregon KW - Thinning KW - Coastal zone KW - summer KW - Environmental conditions KW - Temperature profiles KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q1 08422:Environmental effects KW - M2 551.584:Microclimatology (551.584) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20451702?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Law%2C+Medicine+%26+Ethics&rft.atitle=Insuring+Against+Infertility%3A+Expanding+State+Infertility+Mandates+to+Include+Fertility+Preservation+Technology+for+Cancer+Patients&rft.au=Basco%2C+Daniel%3BCampo-Engelstein%2C+Lisa%3BRodriguez%2C+Sarah&rft.aulast=Basco&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=832&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+Law%2C+Medicine+%26+Ethics&rft.issn=10731105&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Refuges; Amphibiotic species; Ecological distribution; Microhabitats; Habitat; Environmental conditions; Air temperature; Temperature effects; Soil; Thinning; Riparian environments; Forests; Streams; Microclimates; Temperature extremes; Temperature profiles; mammals; air temperature; thinning; buffers; Temperature; salamanders; Wood; microclimate; taxa; refugia; amphibians; invertebrates; case studies; Coastal zone; summer; recruitment; Caudata; INE, USA, Oregon; USA, Coast Range; USA, Oregon; INE, USA, Pacific Northwest ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characteristics of Summer and Fall Diurnal Resting Habitat Used by American Martens in Coastal Northwestern California AN - 20450281; 9130279 AB - American martens use resting habitat between periods of activity to provide both thermal refugia and protection from predators. Maintenance or restoration of key elements of marten resting habitat, such as resting structures, requires that managers recognize their characteristics to protect them, or manage for their creation. We measured resting habitat at 4 scales: (1) the resting location-- where the marten actually rested; (2) the resting structure--the habitat element that contained the resting location; (3) the resting site--characteristics in the immediate vicinity of each resting structure; and (4) the resting stand--the forest stand containing the resting structure. During the summer and fall of 2001 and 2002 we identified resting structures used by 12 radio-collared martens (7 Male, 5 Female) and 1 uncollared marten. The animals were the members of the only remnant population of martens within the historical range of the Humboldt marten (M. a. humboldtensis). The study area included portions of the Six Rivers National Forest, Smith River National Recreation Area, and adjacent Green Diamond Resource Company lands in coastal northwestern California. We located martens resting on 55 occasions in the following types of structures: snags (37%), logs (23%), live-trees (17%), slash-piles (10%), rock-piles (8%), and shrub clumps (6%). The location in the structure where the marten actually rested was determined on 92% of occasions and included chambers (33%), cavities (33%), broken tops (22%), branch platforms (6%), ground sites (6%), and basal hollows (2%). Woody structures were large, with mean dbh of 93.9 cm for live-trees, 94.9 cm for snags, and 88.2 cm maximum-diameter for logs. The mean age of 24 of the woody resting structures was 339 years (range 131-666 years). Our results are consistent with results from other studies on resting structure use and highlight the importance of large live and dead woody structures for American martens in coastal forests of northwestern California. JF - Northwest Science AU - Slauson, K M AU - Ziellnskl, W J AD - USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Redwood Sciences Laboratory, 1700 Bayview Drive, Arcata, California 95521, USA, kslauson@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 35 EP - 45 VL - 83 IS - 1 SN - 0029-344X, 0029-344X KW - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Rivers KW - Shrubs KW - Diurnal variations KW - Historical account KW - Cavities KW - Age KW - Forests KW - Predators KW - refugia KW - Habitat KW - Snags KW - Maintenance KW - shrubs KW - national forests KW - predators KW - Refugia KW - Recreation KW - Recreation areas KW - summer KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20450281?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Law%2C+Medicine+%26+Ethics&rft.atitle=Insuring+Against+Infertility%3A+Expanding+State+Infertility+Mandates+to+Include+Fertility+Preservation+Technology+for+Cancer+Patients&rft.au=Basco%2C+Daniel%3BCampo-Engelstein%2C+Lisa%3BRodriguez%2C+Sarah&rft.aulast=Basco&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=832&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+Law%2C+Medicine+%26+Ethics&rft.issn=10731105&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Refugia; Shrubs; Rivers; Cavities; Recreation; Predators; Snags; Habitat; Historical account; Diurnal variations; Age; Forests; refugia; Maintenance; predators; national forests; shrubs; Recreation areas; summer ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fire impact on the secondary pine forest and soil in the borska nizina lowland (SW Slovakia) AN - 20437547; 9118441 AB - Forest fire is an important phenomenon affecting forest ecosystem. It causes essential changes in ecological conditions (e.g. light availability, water and nutrient regime). The aim of this paper is to evaluate its impact on soil as well as herb and moss layer of the secondary pine forest. The study area is located in the southwestern part of Slovakia (Borski nizina lowland). Marked changes in physical and chemical soil properties were induced by forest fire. Soils moisture contents were higher in burnt soil probably as a result of increased soil wettability. Infiltration rate decreased on the burnt area due to sealing of pores by ash material. Burning of soil organic matter caused increase in soil pH and available nutrients. In the period of 2005-2007, floristic composition, biomass production and presence/absence of mushrooms were recorded both for burnt and neighboring control areas. Compare to the control stands, especially nitrophilous (synanthropic) species are appearing, first of all Conyza canadensis, Solidago canadensis and Chamerion angustifolium. Also composition of mycoflora is changed - its composition is shifted on the behalf of pioneer and indifferent species. Moreover, the pine natural seeding is obvious here. Information on succession is supported by biomass production estimation. JF - Ekologia (Bratislava)/Ecology (Bratislava) AU - Somsak, L AU - Dlapa, P AU - Kollar, J AU - Kubicek, F AU - Simonovic, V AU - Janitor, A AU - Kanka, R AU - Simkovic, I AD - Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Mlynska dolina B2, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovak Republic, dlapa@fns.uniba.sk Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 52 EP - 65 VL - 28 IS - 1 SN - 1335-342X, 1335-342X KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - succession KW - Slovakia KW - herbs KW - Combustion products KW - Forests KW - Nutrients KW - Conyza canadensis KW - Succession KW - Soil KW - soil properties KW - Soil properties KW - Seeding KW - Herbs KW - pH KW - Fires KW - burnt ground KW - Ash KW - Organic matter KW - Soil pH KW - Soils (organic) KW - burning KW - Biomass KW - Basidiocarps KW - Solidago canadensis KW - Light effects KW - seeding KW - Pores KW - Infiltration KW - Burning KW - Soil moisture KW - Mycoflora KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - K 03320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20437547?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ekologia+%28Bratislava%29%2FEcology+%28Bratislava%29&rft.atitle=Fire+impact+on+the+secondary+pine+forest+and+soil+in+the+borska+nizina+lowland+%28SW+Slovakia%29&rft.au=Somsak%2C+L%3BDlapa%2C+P%3BKollar%2C+J%3BKubicek%2C+F%3BSimonovic%2C+V%3BJanitor%2C+A%3BKanka%2C+R%3BSimkovic%2C+I&rft.aulast=Somsak&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=52&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ekologia+%28Bratislava%29%2FEcology+%28Bratislava%29&rft.issn=1335342X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fires; Organic matter; Soil pH; Forests; Nutrients; Soils (organic); Biomass; Succession; Basidiocarps; Light effects; Pores; Soil properties; Seeding; Burning; Soil moisture; Herbs; Mycoflora; succession; burnt ground; Combustion products; herbs; Ash; burning; Soil; seeding; soil properties; Infiltration; pH; Conyza canadensis; Solidago canadensis; Slovakia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Factors contributing to the success of a single-shot, multiyear PZP immunocon-traceptive vaccine for white-tailed deer AN - 20425628; 9093223 AB - We evaluated 6 different porcine zona pellucida (PZP) preparations used as a single-shot vaccine for multiyear contraception of captive white-tailed deer (Odocoileus vir-ginianus). The study compared 2 PZP preparation technologies from ImmunoVaccine Technologies (IVT) and National Wildlife Research Center (NWRC) over a 7-year period. The study compared both the use of oil in an emulsion and in suspension delivery, as well as replacement of the oil with an alum adjuvant. The study demonstrated that the oil emulsion adjuvant provided the longest lasting response. PZP isolated by the IVT provides a longer-lasting response than the preparation used by NWRC. The Spayvac and IVT-PZP vaccines presented in an emulsion form with AdjuVac produce a single-shot immunocontraceptive vaccine lasting up to 7 years. JF - Human-Wildlife Conflicts AU - Miller, LA AU - Fagerstone, KA AU - Wagner, D C AU - Killian, G J AD - USDA/APHIS/Wildlife Services' National Wildlife Research Center, 4101 LaPorte Avenue, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA, lowell.a.miller@aphis.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 103 EP - 115 VL - 3 IS - 1 SN - 1934-4392, 1934-4392 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Immunology Abstracts; Animal Behavior Abstracts KW - Oil KW - Odocoileus KW - Aluminum sulfate KW - Zona pellucida KW - Contraception KW - Wildlife KW - Vaccines KW - Adjuvants KW - Y 25040:Behavioral Ecology KW - F 06905:Vaccines KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20425628?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human-Wildlife+Conflicts&rft.atitle=Factors+contributing+to+the+success+of+a+single-shot%2C+multiyear+PZP+immunocon-traceptive+vaccine+for+white-tailed+deer&rft.au=Miller%2C+LA%3BFagerstone%2C+KA%3BWagner%2C+D+C%3BKillian%2C+G+J&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=LA&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=103&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human-Wildlife+Conflicts&rft.issn=19344392&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Oil; Aluminum sulfate; Contraception; Zona pellucida; Wildlife; Adjuvants; Vaccines; Odocoileus ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Deer guards and bump gates for excluding white-tailed deer from fenced resources AN - 20425024; 9093227 AB - White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) causing damage is a reoccurring theme in the realm of wildlife damage management, especially regarding human safety, disease transmission, and agricultural losses. Fences often are the only reliable long-term nonlethal means of controlling deer damage. The efficacy of fences, however, relies on their weakest link: human-operated gates. Although not overly time-consuming, the act of closing a gate appears to be a burden to individuals, resulting in open-access to an otherwise protected resource. We examined the efficacy of 2 alternatives to traditional gates to evaluate their potential to be used for excluding or containing deer. We evaluated a commercially available kit for mechanically opening and closing gates and a modified deer guard that resembles a common cattle guard but incorporates bearing-mounted rollers as cross members. The gate kit proved effective in restricting deer access to bait throughout the study, but, in supplemental evaluations, we observed excessive rates of functional failure. Deer guards reduced deer entry into exclosures, but efficacy declined with time as deer walked and jumped across guards. With some refining, both guards and gates have potential to be useful components of an integrated biosecurity strategy. JF - Human-Wildlife Conflicts AU - VerCauteren, K C AU - Seward, N W AU - Lavelle, MJ AU - Fischer, J W AU - Phillips, GE AD - USDA/APHIS/Wildlife Services' National Wildlife Research Center, 4101 LaPorte Avenue, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA, kurt.c.vercauteren@aphis.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 145 EP - 153 VL - 3 IS - 1 SN - 1934-4392, 1934-4392 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Animal Behavior Abstracts KW - Odocoileus virginianus KW - conflicts KW - Cattle KW - disease transmission KW - Wildlife KW - deer KW - Disease transmission KW - Y 25040:Behavioral Ecology KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20425024?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human-Wildlife+Conflicts&rft.atitle=Deer+guards+and+bump+gates+for+excluding+white-tailed+deer+from+fenced+resources&rft.au=VerCauteren%2C+K+C%3BSeward%2C+N+W%3BLavelle%2C+MJ%3BFischer%2C+J+W%3BPhillips%2C+GE&rft.aulast=VerCauteren&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=145&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human-Wildlife+Conflicts&rft.issn=19344392&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Wildlife; Disease transmission; conflicts; Cattle; disease transmission; deer; Odocoileus virginianus ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tropical Spiderwort (Commelina benghalensis L.) Increases Growth under Elevated Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide AN - 20415505; 9091586 AB - Although considerable effort is being spent studying exotic plant pests, little consideration has been given as to how invasive plants might react to the increasing concentration of CO sub(2) in the atmosphere. Tropical spiderwort (Commelina benghalensis L.) is considered one the world's worst weeds and is becoming more of a problem in agricultural settings of the southeastern USA. Growth responses of tropical spiderwort were evaluated using plants grown in containers with a soilless potting medium under ambient and elevated (ambient + 200 kmol mol super(-) super(1)) levels of CO sub(2) in open- top field chambers. Although plant height was unaffected by CO sub(2), leaf and flower number tended to increase (approximately 23%) when exposed to elevated CO sub(2). Aboveground plant parts exhibited significant increases in dry weight when exposed to high CO sub(2); leaf, flower, stem, and total shoot dry weights were increased by 36, 30, 48, and 44%, respectively. Total plant dry weight was increased by 41% for plants grown under high CO sub(2). Root dry weight and root length were unaffected by CO sub(2) concentration. Tropical spiderwort allocated more biomass to stems and tended to allocate less to roots when plants were exposed to high CO sub(2). Plant carbon concentration and content tended to be higher in CO sub(2)-enriched plants, whereas plant nitrogen concentration tended to be lower; thus, elevated CO sub(2)-grown plants had higher C/N ratios. Also, the amount of biomass produced per unit nitrogen was higher for plants exposed to elevated CO sub(2). The growth response of this plant is in the upper range typical for C3 plants. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Price, Andrew J AU - Runion, GBrett AU - Prior, Stephen A AU - Rogers, Hugo H AU - Torbert, HAllen AD - USDA-ARS, National Soil Dynamics Lab., 411 S. Donahue Dr., Auburn, AL 36832, andrew.price@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 729 EP - 733 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 South Segoe Rd Madison WI 53711 USA VL - 38 IS - 2 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Commelina benghalensis KW - Containers KW - USA, Southeast KW - Biomass KW - Atmosphere KW - invasive plants KW - USA KW - pests KW - Growth KW - shoots KW - weeds KW - Carbon dioxide KW - flowers KW - Nitrogen KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20415505?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Tropical+Spiderwort+%28Commelina+benghalensis+L.%29+Increases+Growth+under+Elevated+Atmospheric+Carbon+Dioxide&rft.au=Price%2C+Andrew+J%3BRunion%2C+GBrett%3BPrior%2C+Stephen+A%3BRogers%2C+Hugo+H%3BTorbert%2C+HAllen&rft.aulast=Price&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=729&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fjeq2007.0621 L2 - http://jeq.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/38/2/729.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Containers; Growth; pests; shoots; weeds; Biomass; flowers; Carbon dioxide; Atmosphere; invasive plants; Nitrogen; Commelina benghalensis; USA; USA, Southeast DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2007.0621 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Economic Performance of Alternative Tillage Systems in the Northern Corn Belt AN - 20415408; 9091440 AB - While no-till (NT) cropping systems can provide conservation benefits in the northern Corn Belt, adoption has been low due to concerns about potential yield reductions and economic risk. Strip-tillage (ST) systems have been proposed as an alternative that may provide many of the conservation benefits of NT while maintaining productivity and economic returns. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of NT and five ST alternatives: fall residue management (Fall RM), Fall RM + ST, spring residue management (Spring RM), Spring RM + ST, and Fall RM + Subsoil, relative to conventional moldboard plow (MP) and chisel plow (CP) tillage systems on corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] yields and economic risks and returns. Average yields over the 7-yr study were not significantly different among tillage systems, but average net returns for NT, Fall RM, and Spring RM were $85, 92, and 53 ha super(-1) higher, respectively, than for MP. Risk analysis showed tillage system preferences ranked as: Fall RM > NT > Fall RM + ST > Spring RM + ST, Spring RM > CP > Fall RM + Subsoil > MP for risk neutral or risk averse producers facing uncertain yield, crop price, and input price conditions. Thus, ST and NT may be economically viable alternatives to conventional tillage systems for corn and soybean production in the northern Corn Belt. JF - Agronomy Journal AU - Archer, David W AU - Reicosky, Donald C AD - USDA-Agric. Res. Serv., Northern Great Plains Res. Lab., P.O. Box 459, 1701 10th Avenue SW, Mandan, ND 58554, david.archer@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 296 EP - 304 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 South Segoe Rd Madison WI 53711 USA VL - 101 IS - 2 SN - 0002-1962, 0002-1962 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Residues KW - no-till cropping KW - risk aversion KW - Glycine max KW - corn KW - Crops KW - agronomy KW - Zea mays KW - Economics KW - Water springs KW - Conservation KW - subsoils KW - tillage KW - soybeans KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20415408?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agronomy+Journal&rft.atitle=Economic+Performance+of+Alternative+Tillage+Systems+in+the+Northern+Corn+Belt&rft.au=Archer%2C+David+W%3BReicosky%2C+Donald+C&rft.aulast=Archer&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=296&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agronomy+Journal&rft.issn=00021962&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fagronj2008.0090x L2 - http://agron.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/101/2/296.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Residues; Economics; Conservation; Water springs; subsoils; no-till cropping; tillage; risk aversion; Crops; soybeans; corn; agronomy; Zea mays; Glycine max DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj2008.0090x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Diversity in Cell Properties and Transport Behavior among 12 Different Environmental Escherichia coli Isolates; Diversity in Cell Properties and Transport Behavior among 12 Different Environmental Escherichia coli Isolates AN - 20415257; 9091507 AB - Escherichia coli is a commonly used indicator organism for detecting the presence of fecal-borne pathogenic microorganisms in water supplies. The importance of E. coli as an indicator organism has led to numerous studies looking at cell properties and transport behavior of this microorganism. In many of these studies, however, only a single strain of E. coli was used even though research has shown that significant genetic variability exists among different strains of E. coli. If this genetic diversity results in differences in cell properties that affect transport, different strains of E. coli may exhibit different rates of transport in the environment. Therefore, the objectives of our study were to investigate the variability in surface characteristics and transport behavior of E. coli isolates obtained from six different sources: beef cattle, dairy cattle, horse, human, poultry, and wildlife. Cell properties such as electrophoretic mobility, cell size and shape, hydrophobicity, charge density, and extracellular polymeric substance composition were measured for each isolate. In addition, the transport behavior of each isolate was assessed by measuring transport through 10-cm packed beds of clean quartz sand. Our results show a large diversity in cell properties and transport behavior for the different E. coli isolates. This diversity in transport behavior must be taken into account when making assessments of the suitability of using E. coli as an indicator organism for specific pathogenic microorganisms in groundwater environments as well as modeling the movement of E. coli in the subsurface. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Bolster, CH AU - Haznedaroglu, B Z AU - Walker, S L AD - U.S. Dep. of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service, 230 Bennett Ln., Bowling Green, KY 42104, carl.bolster@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 465 EP - 472 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 South Segoe Rd Madison WI 53711 USA VL - 38 IS - 2 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Aqualine Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Bacteria (Enterobacteriaceae) (Escherichia) KW - Escherichia coli KW - Microorganisms KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - J 02410:Animal Diseases KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20415257?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Diversity+in+Cell+Properties+and+Transport+Behavior+among+12+Different+Environmental+Escherichia+coli+Isolates%3B+Diversity+in+Cell+Properties+and+Transport+Behavior+among+12+Different+Environmental+Escherichia+coli+Isolates&rft.au=Bolster%2C+CH%3BHaznedaroglu%2C+B+Z%3BWalker%2C+S+L&rft.aulast=Bolster&rft.aufirst=CH&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=465&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fjeq2008.0137 L2 - http://jeq.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/38/2/465.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Microorganisms; Escherichia coli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2008.0137 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rebuilding Organic Carbon Contents in Coastal Plain Soils Using Conservation Tillage Systems AN - 20415253; 9091688 AB - Long-term disk tillage (DT) for cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) production in the southeastern U.S. Coastal Plain has resulted in soil organic C (SOC) content reductions. Conservation tillage (CT) management in some studies can rebuild SOC levels. A field study, with two adjacent 3.5-ha fields, both containing soil series formed in upland and depressional areas, was conducted using a 6-yr rotation of corn (Zea mays L.) and cotton to determine the CT and DT effects on SOC contents and residue characteristics returned to the soil. Annual soil samples were collected from 50 locations per field at 0- to 3- and 3- to 15-cm. After 6 yr under CT, residue accumulation promoted a significant SOC increase in the 0- to 3-cm depth in the upland soil series (about 0.7 Mg SOC ha super(-1)). The lack of residue mixing in the 3- to 15-cm depth in upland soils under CT, however, resulted in a significant SOC content decline at this depth (1.25-2.51 Mg SOC ha super(- 1)). There was no significant SOC content change in soils under CT formed in depressional areas or in all soils under DT. During 6 yr, 14.8 Mg ha super(-1) of organic C from both corn and cotton residues was returned to soils under CT, but <4% was incorporated into the SOC pool. Levels of SOC in sandy upland soils can be increased at the surface after 6 yr of CT under a corn and cotton rotation, with the increase coming at the expense of an SOC decline at a deeper topsoil depth. JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Novak, J M AU - Frederick, J R AU - Bauer, P J AU - Watts, D W AD - USDA-ARS, Coastal Plains Soil, Water, and Plant Res. Center, 2611 West Lucas St., Florence, SC 29501, jeff.novak@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 622 EP - 629 PB - Soil Science Society of America VL - 73 IS - 2 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Cotton KW - Residues KW - Organic carbon KW - corn KW - Gossypium hirsutum KW - Soil KW - soil depth KW - sandy soils KW - USA KW - Zea mays KW - Conservation KW - plains KW - tillage KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20415253?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=Rebuilding+Organic+Carbon+Contents+in+Coastal+Plain+Soils+Using+Conservation+Tillage+Systems&rft.au=Novak%2C+J+M%3BFrederick%2C+J+R%3BBauer%2C+P+J%3BWatts%2C+D+W&rft.aulast=Novak&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=622&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fsssaj2008.0193 L2 - http://soil.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/73/2/622.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; sandy soils; soil depth; Cotton; Residues; Organic carbon; Conservation; plains; tillage; corn; Zea mays; Gossypium hirsutum; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2008.0193 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Corn Cob Characteristics in Irrigated Central Great Plains Studies AN - 20414578; 9091452 AB - Escalating fossil fuel cost and concern over global climate change have accelerated interest in cellulosic feedstocks, such as corn (Zea mays L.) cobs, for liquid fuel production. Little information is available about this plant organ. We compiled and summarized available cob data from several recent field studies in the Central Great Plains. Data were collected from two locations in Colorado and two in Texas that had multiple N fertilizer treatments, varying tillage systems, and different growing seasons. Cob:grain yield ratio, cob:ear ratio, cob:stover ratio, and cob N and C uptake were determined for each site. Cob yield generally increased with increasing N rate. At the high N rates, cob yield ranged from 1.44 to 2.2 Mg ha super(-1). Cob:stover ratio ranged from 0.14 to 0.25 at high N fertilizer levels. The N concentration varied little among N levels at any location, varying more among locations and year, ranging from 2.52 to 5.19 g kg super(-1). Nitrogen uptake at the highest N-levels ranged from 4.65 to 8.37 kg ha super(-1). The relationship between final grain yield at 155 g kg super(-1) water content and oven-dried cob yield was linear (r super(2) = 0.75) such that cob yield increased 0.096 Mg ha super(-1) for each Mg ha super(-1) increase in grain yield. This study provides basic information on cob yield and quality for agronomists, and examples are discussed on how the data could be useful for determining the feasibility of harvesting corn cobs as a cellulosic feedstock. JF - Agronomy Journal AU - Halvorson, Ardell D AU - Johnson, Jane MF AD - USDA-ARS, 2150 Centre Ave, Bldg. D, Suite 100, Fort Collins, CO 80526, Ardell.Halvorson@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 390 EP - 399 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 South Segoe Rd Madison WI 53711 USA VL - 101 IS - 2 SN - 0002-1962, 0002-1962 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Feasibility studies KW - Fossil fuels KW - Fuels KW - Climatic changes KW - Agrochemicals KW - corn KW - agronomy KW - USA, Colorado KW - Fertilizers KW - Zea mays KW - harvesting KW - water content KW - plains KW - USA, Texas KW - tillage KW - Nitrogen KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20414578?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agronomy+Journal&rft.atitle=Corn+Cob+Characteristics+in+Irrigated+Central+Great+Plains+Studies&rft.au=Halvorson%2C+Ardell+D%3BJohnson%2C+Jane+MF&rft.aulast=Halvorson&rft.aufirst=Ardell&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=390&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agronomy+Journal&rft.issn=00021962&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fagronj2008.0142x L2 - http://agron.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/101/2/390.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Feasibility studies; Fossil fuels; Fuels; Climatic changes; Agrochemicals; corn; agronomy; Fertilizers; harvesting; plains; water content; tillage; Nitrogen; Zea mays; USA, Colorado; USA, Texas DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj2008.0142x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Saturation and Temperature Effects on the Development of Reducing Conditions in Soils AN - 20414006; 9091693 AB - Oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions regulate many chemical processes that occur in soils. Saturation, C availability, microorganisms, and temperature dictate the rate and type of redox reactions that will occur. The measurement of redox potential enables researchers to predict the stability of redox-sensitive species, such as Fe oxides. We determine the amount of time Mid-Atlantic Piedmont floodplain soils must be saturated at a given temperature before becoming reduced with respect to ferrihydrite. Three representative floodplains in Maryland and Delaware were selected for this study. Redox potential, pH, temperature, and depth to water table were measured in six profiles over a 2-yr period. At lower temperatures, longer periods of saturation were required to induce soil reduction with respect to ferrihydrite (p < 0.0001). The soils were reduced with respect to ferrihydrite after the soils were saturated for 2 to 20 d depending on the 14-d average soil temperature ranging from 1 to 21 degree C. When the soil temperature was between 1 and 3.9 degree C, saturation was required for 20 d before the onset of reducing conditions. At 4 to 6.9 degree C, 11 d of saturation were required, while at 7 to 8.9 degree C, 7 d of saturation were required. When the soil temperature was above 9 degree C, reduction occurred after approximately 2 d. This investigation reveals the importance of considering soil temperature when relating length of saturation to reduction, specifically pertaining to floodplain soils in the Mid-Atlantic Piedmont physiographic province. JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Vaughan, Karen L AU - Rabenhorst, Martin C AU - Needelman, Brian A AD - USDA-NRCS, 245 Jimmy Doolittle Rd., Salt Lake City, UT 84116, karen.vaughan@ut.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 663 EP - 667 PB - Soil Science Society of America VL - 73 IS - 2 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Temperature effects KW - Microorganisms KW - Soil temperature KW - oxides KW - Water table KW - Water temperature KW - pH effects KW - Redox potential KW - A 01400:Soil Microbes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20414006?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=Saturation+and+Temperature+Effects+on+the+Development+of+Reducing+Conditions+in+Soils&rft.au=Vaughan%2C+Karen+L%3BRabenhorst%2C+Martin+C%3BNeedelman%2C+Brian+A&rft.aulast=Vaughan&rft.aufirst=Karen&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=663&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fsssaj2007.0346 L2 - http://soil.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/73/2/663.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Microorganisms; Water table; oxides; Soil temperature; Water temperature; pH effects; Redox potential DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2007.0346 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Illinois Soil Nitrogen Test for Prediction of Fertilizer Nitrogen Needs of Corn in Virginia AN - 20413924; 9091667 AB - Current N needs for corn (Zea mays L.) in Virginia are estimated based on expected yield and are adjusted to account for the estimated amounts of N mineralized from organic sources such as manures, biosolids, and legumes. The dynamic nature of soil N creates significant uncertainty in estimates of N availability from these sources. Accurate quantification of organic N mineralization during the corn growing season should improve the precision of fertilizer N recommendations. The Illinois soil N test (ISNT) has shown promise as a tool for estimating mineralizable soil N and predicting corn fertilizer N needs. Other research has found the ISNT to be poorly related to labile soil N and unrelated to corn response to fertilizer N. The objective of this study was to determine if the ISNT predicts the fertilizer N response of corn grown in a diverse set of Virginia agroecosystems. We conducted 29 on-farm fertilizer N response trials in major corn-producing regions of Virginia. The ISNT was significantly related to estimated yield without fertilizer N (R super(2) = 0.57, P < 0.0001) and relative yield (R super(2) = 0.64, P < 0.0001). We also found that the ISNT extracted a consistent percentage of total soil N (16.3 plus or minus 0.7%), suggesting that it is a poor indicator of labile N. In fact, total soil N did as well as the ISNT at predicting yield without fertilizer N (R super(2) = 0.53, P = 0.0002) and relative yield (R super(2) = 0.64, P < 0.0001). The ISNT offered no more information about corn yield response to fertilizer N than did total soil N content. JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Spargo, John T AU - Alley, Marcus M AU - Thomason, Wade E AU - Nagle, Steven M AD - Sustainable Agricultural Systems Lab., Animal and Natural Resources Inst., Bldg. 001, Rm. 201, BARC-West, 10300 Baltimore Ave., Beltsville, MD 20705, John.spargo@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 434 EP - 442 PB - Soil Science Society of America VL - 73 IS - 2 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Animal wastes KW - Manure KW - USA, Illinois KW - crop yield KW - USA, Virginia KW - Mineralization KW - Agrochemicals KW - corn KW - Soil KW - Fertilizers KW - Zea mays KW - Biosolids KW - Nitrogen KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20413924?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=Illinois+Soil+Nitrogen+Test+for+Prediction+of+Fertilizer+Nitrogen+Needs+of+Corn+in+Virginia&rft.au=Spargo%2C+John+T%3BAlley%2C+Marcus+M%3BThomason%2C+Wade+E%3BNagle%2C+Steven+M&rft.aulast=Spargo&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=434&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fsssaj2007.0437 L2 - http://soil.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/73/2/434.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Fertilizers; Manure; Animal wastes; crop yield; Mineralization; Biosolids; Agrochemicals; corn; Nitrogen; Zea mays; USA, Illinois; USA, Virginia DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2007.0437 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Benefit Cost Scenarios of Potential Oral Rabies Vaccination for Skunks in California AN - 20413777; 9091616 AB - Scenario-based analyses were computed for benefits and costs linked with hypothetical oral rabies vaccination (ORV) campaigns to contain or eliminate skunk-variant rabies in skunks (Mephitis mephitis) in California, USA. Scenario 1 assumed baiting eight zones (43,388 km super(2) total) that comprised 73% of known skunk rabies locations in the state. Scenario 2 also assumed baiting these eight zones, but further assumed that added benefits would result from preventing the spread of skunk-variant rabies into Los Angeles County, USA. Scenarios assumed a fixed bait cost ($1.24 each) but varied campaigns (one, two and three annual ORV applications), densities of baits (37.5/km super(2), 75/km super(2) and 150/km super(2)), levels of prevention (50%, 75%, and 100%), and contingency expenditures if rabies recurred (20%, 40%, and 60% of campaign costs). Prorating potential annual benefits during a 12-yr time horizon yielded benefit-cost ratios (BCRs) between 0.16 and 2.91 and between 0.34 and 6.35 for Scenarios 1 and 2, respectively. Economic issues relevant to potentially managing skunk-variant rabies with ORV are discussed. JF - Journal of Wildlife Diseases AU - Shwiff, Stephanie A AU - Sterner, Ray T AU - Hale, Robert AU - Jay, Michele T AU - Sun, Ben AU - Slate, Dennis Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 PB - Allen Press, Inc., 810 East Tenth St. Lawrence KS 66044 USA, [mailto:webmaster@allenpress.com], [URL:http://www.allenpress.com] VL - 45 IS - 1 SN - 0090-3558, 0090-3558 KW - Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Benefit-cost analysis KW - California KW - economics KW - oral vaccination KW - rabies KW - skunks. KW - Mephitis mephitis KW - Rabies KW - Economics KW - Vaccination KW - Baiting KW - Contingency KW - V 22410:Animal Diseases KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20413777?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Wildlife+Diseases&rft.atitle=Benefit+Cost+Scenarios+of+Potential+Oral+Rabies+Vaccination+for+Skunks+in+California&rft.au=Shwiff%2C+Stephanie+A%3BSterner%2C+Ray+T%3BHale%2C+Robert%3BJay%2C+Michele+T%3BSun%2C+Ben%3BSlate%2C+Dennis&rft.aulast=Shwiff&rft.aufirst=Stephanie&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Wildlife+Diseases&rft.issn=00903558&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.jwildlifedis.org/cgi/reprint/45/1/227.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rabies; Economics; Baiting; Vaccination; Contingency; Mephitis mephitis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental Infection of Richardson's Ground Squirrels (Spermophilus richardsonii) with Attenuated and Virulent Strains of Brucella abortus AN - 20413747; 9091608 AB - A previous investigation of the safety of Brucella abortus strain RB51 (sRB51) in various nontarget species suggested that Richardson's ground squirrels (Spermophilus richardsonii) may develop persistent infections when orally inoculated with the vaccine. In the present study, sRB51, B. abortus strain 19 (s19), and virulent B. abortus strain 9941 (s9941) were administered orally to Richardson's ground squirrels to further characterize B. abortus infection in this species. Six groups of nongravid ground squirrels were orally inoculated with 6 x 10 super(8) colony forming units (cfu) sRB51 (n = 10), 2.5 x 10 super(4) cfu s19 (n = 10), 2.5 x 10 super(7) cfu s19 (n = 6), 1.3 x 10 super(6) cfu s9941 (n = 5), 2.1 x 10 super(8) cfu s9941 (n = 5), or vaccine diluent (control; n = 4). One of five animals in the lower-dose s19 group and two of three animals in the higher-dose s19 group showed persistence of bacteria in various tissues at 14 wk postinoculation (PI). At 18 wk PI, one of five animals in the sRB51 group and one of five animals in the high-dose s9941 group were culture positive. Although we did detect some persistence of B. abortus strains at 18 wk, we found no evidence of pathology caused by B. abortus strains in nonpregnant Richardson's ground squirrels based on clinical signs, gross lesions, and microscopic lesions. JF - Journal of Wildlife Diseases AU - Nol, Pauline AU - Olsen, Steven C AU - Rhyan, Jack C Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 PB - Allen Press, Inc., 810 East Tenth St. Lawrence KS 66044 USA, [mailto:webmaster@allenpress.com], [URL:http://www.allenpress.com] VL - 45 IS - 1 SN - 0090-3558, 0090-3558 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Ecology Abstracts KW - Brucella abortus KW - brucellosis KW - nontarget KW - Richardson's ground squirrel KW - Spermophilus richardsonii KW - strain 19 KW - strain RB51 KW - wildlife vaccination. KW - Colonies KW - Experimental infection KW - Colony-forming cells KW - Spermophilus KW - Vaccines KW - Persistent infection KW - Diluents KW - J 02410:Animal Diseases KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20413747?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Wildlife+Diseases&rft.atitle=Experimental+Infection+of+Richardson%27s+Ground+Squirrels+%28Spermophilus+richardsonii%29+with+Attenuated+and+Virulent+Strains+of+Brucella+abortus&rft.au=Nol%2C+Pauline%3BOlsen%2C+Steven+C%3BRhyan%2C+Jack+C&rft.aulast=Nol&rft.aufirst=Pauline&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Wildlife+Diseases&rft.issn=00903558&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.jwildlifedis.org/cgi/reprint/45/1/189.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Experimental infection; Colonies; Colony-forming cells; Vaccines; Diluents; Persistent infection; Spermophilus; Brucella abortus; Spermophilus richardsonii ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of Sedimentation on Wetland Carbon Sequestration in an Agricultural Watershed AN - 20413654; 9091594 AB - Landscape redistribution of soil C is common within agricultural ecosystems. Little is known about the effects of upland sediment deposition on C dynamics within riparian wetlands. To assess sedimentation impact, we obtained profile samples of wetland soil and used the combination of super(137)Cs, super(210)Pb, and super(14)C chronological markers to determine rates of C sequestration and mineral deposition over the history of a wetland within a first-order catchment under agricultural management in the coastal plains of the United States. Substantial post settlement deposition in the wetland soil was evidenced in places by a 20- to 40-cm layer of mineral soil that buried the original histosol. Soil profiles contained a minimum in C content within the top 35 cm of the profile which originated from a rapid deposition from low C upland soils. Radiocarbon and radioisotope dating showed that increases in C above this minimum were the result of C sequestered in the past 650 yr. Modeling the kinetics of modern C dynamics using the super(137)Cs and super(210)Pb markers within these surface profiles provides strong evidence for accelerated C sequestration associated with mineral sediment deposition in the ecosystem. These findings indicate that at the landscape scale, dilution of ecosystem C by import of low C upland sediment into wetlands stimulates C sequestration by pulling soil C content below some pedogenic equilibrium value for the ecosystem. They also indicate that over the history of the wetland, rates of C accretion may be linked to mineral soil deposition. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - McCarty, Gregory AU - Pachepsky, Yakov AU - Ritchie, Jerry AD - USDA-ARS Hydrology & Remote Sensing Lab. Building 007 BARC-West, Beltsville, MD 20705, greg.mccarty@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009///0, PY - 2009 DA - 0, 2009 SP - 804 EP - 813 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 South Segoe Rd Madison WI 53711 USA VL - 38 IS - 2 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Catchment area KW - Historical account KW - Ecosystems KW - Cesium Radioisotopes KW - Freshwater KW - Watersheds KW - Soil KW - Carbon sequestration KW - Accretion KW - History KW - agricultural ecosystems KW - plains KW - Wetlands KW - Sedimentation KW - River basin management KW - Sediment pollution KW - Landscape KW - Caesium 137 KW - Sediments KW - imports KW - Coastal zone management KW - USA KW - Profiles KW - Kinetics KW - Catchments KW - Radioisotopes KW - Deposition KW - Minerals KW - Sediment dynamics KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - Q2 09271:Coastal morphology KW - Q1 08463:Habitat community studies KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20413654?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Impact+of+Sedimentation+on+Wetland+Carbon+Sequestration+in+an+Agricultural+Watershed&rft.au=McCarty%2C+Gregory%3BPachepsky%2C+Yakov%3BRitchie%2C+Jerry&rft.aulast=McCarty&rft.aufirst=Gregory&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=804&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fjeq2008.0012 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Catchment area; Accretion; Sediment pollution; Caesium 137; Wetlands; Sedimentation; River basin management; Coastal zone management; Sediment dynamics; Historical account; Landscape; Watersheds; imports; Soil; Carbon sequestration; Kinetics; Radioisotopes; Catchments; agricultural ecosystems; plains; Minerals; Ecosystems; History; Profiles; Deposition; Cesium Radioisotopes; Sediments; USA; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2008.0012 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Morphodynamics of Headcut Development and Soil Erosion in Upland Concentrated Flows AN - 20413209; 9091677 AB - In agricultural regions, gully erosion is now recognized as a dominant source of soil loss, and the development and upstream migration of headcuts is critical to the initiation, incision, and dissection of these upland areas. This study examined the effect of soil texture on headcut development and migration using four common soils from the southeastern United States, tested on bed surface slopes ranging from 1 to 5% and overland flow rates ranging from 45 to 71 L min super(-1). In response to this flow, actively migrating headcuts developed with migration rates ranging from 0.00001 to 0.0025 m s super(-1), maximum scour depths ranging from 0.042 to 0.148 m, and sediment discharge rates ranging from 0.00017 to 0.0356 kg s super(-1) depending on the soil and boundary conditions imposed. Nearly all experimental runs resulted in steady-state soil erosion, wherein the headcut developed attained a constant rate of migration, shape, and sediment discharge as a function of time. These experimental observations were successfully compared with predictive equations for mass conservation, jet entry angle, maximum scour depth, and migration rate developed for actively migrating headcuts in upland concentrated flows. These results further demonstrate that systematic headcut development can occur in a range of soils, slopes, and flow rates, and that modified jet impingement theory can be used to predict the erosional characteristics of these headcuts, thus providing the necessary analytical framework for improving soil erosion prediction technology. JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Wells, Robert R AU - Alonso, Carlos V AU - Bennett, Sean J AD - USDA-ARS, National Sedimentation Lab., Oxford, MS 38655, robert.wells@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 521 EP - 530 PB - Soil Science Society of America VL - 73 IS - 2 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Soil KW - migration KW - Sediment pollution KW - Erosion KW - upstream KW - soil texture KW - Conservation KW - USA, Southeast KW - Flow rates KW - boundary conditions KW - Technology KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20413209?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=Morphodynamics+of+Headcut+Development+and+Soil+Erosion+in+Upland+Concentrated+Flows&rft.au=Wells%2C+Robert+R%3BAlonso%2C+Carlos+V%3BBennett%2C+Sean+J&rft.aulast=Wells&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=521&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fsssaj2008.0007 L2 - http://soil.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/73/2/521.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Sediment pollution; migration; upstream; Erosion; soil texture; Conservation; boundary conditions; Flow rates; Technology; USA, Southeast DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2008.0007 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - No-Till Corn after Bromegrass: Effect on Soil Carbon and Soil Aggregates AN - 20412551; 9091436 AB - Grasslands in the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) in the USA may be converted to grain crops for bioenergy. The effect of no-till conversion of a smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss) grassland to no-till corn (Zea mays L.) production on soil organic carbon (SOC) in the western Corn Belt was monitored for over 6 yr. A different super(13)C/ super(12)C isotope signature is imparted to SOC by C4 plants including corn versus C3 plants such as bromegrass. Changes in C isotope ratios in SOC in three soil depths (0- to 5-, 5-10, and 10-30 cm) by particle size was also monitored during similar to 6.5 yr of no-till corn production at two different N levels (60 and 120 kg ha super(-1)). Soil was collected eight times during the study from the 0- to 5- and 5- to 10-cm depths, and at four of these times from the 10- to 30-cm depth from each of the N rate replicates. Because fertilizer N had no significant effect over years on any of the aboveground biomass production variables, the data from both N treatments was combined for regression analysis to determine the effects of years of no-till corn production on SOC variables. Total SOC did not change significantly at any depth during the study, but there was a significant change in the source of the SOC. Total C4- C increased over this time, while C3-C decreased in the 0- to 5- and 5- to 10-cm depth, while neither changed in the 10- to 30-cm depth. In the 0- to 5- and 5- to 10-cm depths, largest loss of C3-C was from 2-mm aggregates, while largest increases in C4-C were in the 1-, 0.5-, 0.25-, and 0.125-mm aggregates. If CRP grasslands are converted to grain crop production, the data from this study strongly support the use of no-till farming practices as a method of conserving the SOC that was sequestered during the time period that the land was in the CRP. JF - Agronomy Journal AU - Follett, Ronald F AU - Varvel, Gary E AU - Kimble, John M AU - Vogel, Kenneth P AD - USDA/ARS, Soil-Plant-Nutrient Res. Unit., NRRC, Bldg D, Ste. 100, 2150 Centre Ave., Fort Collins, CO 80526, ronald.follett@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 261 EP - 268 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 South Segoe Rd Madison WI 53711 USA VL - 101 IS - 2 SN - 0002-1962, 0002-1962 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Particle size KW - Isotopes KW - agricultural practices KW - Organic carbon KW - crop production KW - no-till cropping KW - Biomass KW - Agrochemicals KW - Crops KW - corn KW - agronomy KW - Soil KW - Grasslands KW - USA KW - Fertilizers KW - Carbon KW - Zea mays KW - Conservation KW - Bromus inermis KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20412551?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agronomy+Journal&rft.atitle=No-Till+Corn+after+Bromegrass%3A+Effect+on+Soil+Carbon+and+Soil+Aggregates&rft.au=Follett%2C+Ronald+F%3BVarvel%2C+Gary+E%3BKimble%2C+John+M%3BVogel%2C+Kenneth+P&rft.aulast=Follett&rft.aufirst=Ronald&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=261&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agronomy+Journal&rft.issn=00021962&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fagronj2008.0107 L2 - http://agron.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/101/2/261.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Particle size; Isotopes; agricultural practices; Organic carbon; no-till cropping; crop production; Biomass; Agrochemicals; corn; Crops; agronomy; Soil; Grasslands; Fertilizers; Carbon; Conservation; Zea mays; Bromus inermis; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj2008.0107 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Long-Term Polyacrylamide Formulation Effects on Soil Erosion, Water Infiltration, and Yields of Furrow-Irrigated Crops AN - 20412411; 9091441 AB - Two formulations of water-soluble anionic polyacrylamide (WSPAM) are used in agriculture to reduce erosion and manage infiltration in furrow irrigations, although few if any reports have compared their effectiveness. A control and two WSPAMs, a granular form and the inverse emulsion, or oil- based liquid form, were applied to irrigation water supplied to furrows formed in a silt loam soil with 1.5% slope during each irrigation from 1993 to 1999. Stock solutions prepared from the two WSPAMs in tap water were injected into furrow inflows to attain a concentration of 10 mg L super(-1) only during furrow advance. During irrigations, furrow inflow and runoff rates, and runoff sediment concentrations were measured. Crop yields were measured in five of the 7 yr. Relative to controls, both WSPAM treatments reduced runoff sediment loss equally well, decreasing soil losses by 84% per irrigation, and prevented the loss of 47.8 Mg soil ha super(-1) over the 7-yr period. The yearly soil loss reductions produced by WSPAMs ranged from 66 to 99%, and may reflect changes in the electrical conductivity (EC) of the irrigation water. Both WSPAM treatments increased the proportion of applied irrigation water that infiltrated into newly formed furrows, but the emulsion produced the greatest overall increase in water infiltration fraction. As a class, WSPAM treatments increased yields by 14.3% for bean ('Viva Pink' Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and 4.5% for silage corn (Zea mays L.), suggesting that the cost of WSPAM applications may be recoverable. While the two WSPAM formulations provide equivalent erosion protection, differences in infiltration effects, product costs, and potential environmental impacts should be considered when selecting the formulation. JF - Agronomy Journal AU - Lentz, Rodrick D AU - Sojka, Robert E AD - USDA-ARS, Northwest Irrigation and Soils Research Laboratory, 3793 N 3600 E, Kimberly, ID 83341, rick.lentz@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 305 EP - 314 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 South Segoe Rd Madison WI 53711 USA VL - 101 IS - 2 SN - 0002-1962, 0002-1962 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - crop yield KW - Crops KW - corn KW - Crop Yield KW - Costs KW - Soil KW - Furrow Irrigation KW - Erosion Control KW - Zea mays KW - inflow KW - silage KW - Sediment pollution KW - Furrows KW - Irrigation KW - agriculture KW - Environmental impact KW - silt KW - Emulsions KW - irrigation water KW - agronomy KW - Erosion KW - loam KW - Infiltration KW - Phaseolus vulgaris KW - Irrigation Water KW - Drinking water KW - Runoff KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - SW 1060:Conservation in agricultural use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20412411?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agronomy+Journal&rft.atitle=Long-Term+Polyacrylamide+Formulation+Effects+on+Soil+Erosion%2C+Water+Infiltration%2C+and+Yields+of+Furrow-Irrigated+Crops&rft.au=Lentz%2C+Rodrick+D%3BSojka%2C+Robert+E&rft.aulast=Lentz&rft.aufirst=Rodrick&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=305&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agronomy+Journal&rft.issn=00021962&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fagronj2008.0100x L2 - http://agron.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/101/2/305.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sediment pollution; Irrigation; Environmental impact; agriculture; crop yield; silt; Emulsions; corn; Crops; agronomy; irrigation water; Soil; Erosion; loam; Infiltration; inflow; Drinking water; silage; Costs; Erosion Control; Furrow Irrigation; Furrows; Irrigation Water; Runoff; Crop Yield; Zea mays; Phaseolus vulgaris DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj2008.0100x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dryland Crop Yields and Soil Organic Matter as Influenced by Long-Term Tillage and Cropping Sequence AN - 20412209; 9091434 AB - Novel management practices are needed to improve the declining dryland crop yields and soil organic matter contents using conventional farming practices in the northern Great Plains. We evaluated the 21-yr effect of tillage and cropping sequence on dryland grain and biomass (stems + leaves) yields of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), and pea (Pisum sativum L.) and soil organic matter at the 0- to 20-cm depth in eastern Montana, USA. Treatments were no-tilled continuous spring wheat (NTCW), spring-tilled continuous spring wheat (STCW), fall- and spring-tilled continuous spring wheat (FSTCW), fall- and spring- tilled spring wheat-barley (1984-1999) followed by spring wheat-pea (2000- 2004) (FSTW-B/P), and the conventional spring-tilled spring wheat-fallow (STW-F). Spring wheat grain and biomass yields increased with crop growing season precipitation (GSP) and were greater in STW-F than in FSTCW and FSTW- B/P when GSP was <250 mm. Although mean grain and biomass yields were greater, annualized yields were lower in STW-F than in other treatments. In FSTW-B/P, barley and pea grain and biomass yields also increased with increased GSP. Soil organic C and total N were lower in STW-F than in other treatments and linearly related (R super(2) = 0.64 to 0.78) with total annualized biomass residue returned to the soil from 1984 to 2004. Alternate- year summer fallowing increased spring wheat grain and biomass yields compared with annual cropping but reduced annualized yields and soil organic matter. For sustaining dryland crop yields and soil organic matter, no- tillage with annual cropping system can be adopted in the northern Great Plains. JF - Agronomy Journal AU - Sainju, Upendra M AU - Lenssen, Andrew W AU - Caesar-TonThat, Thecan AU - Evans, Robert G AD - USDA-ARS, Northern Plains Agricultural Research Laboratory, 1500 North Central Avenue, Sidney, MT 59270, upendra.sainju@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 243 EP - 251 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 South Segoe Rd Madison WI 53711 USA VL - 101 IS - 2 SN - 0002-1962, 0002-1962 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Hordeum vulgare KW - wheat KW - agricultural practices KW - Residues KW - Organic matter KW - crop yield KW - Biomass KW - Pisum sativum KW - Crops KW - agronomy KW - Soil KW - Triticum aestivum KW - USA, Great Plains KW - fallowing KW - summer KW - Water springs KW - plains KW - tillage KW - USA, Montana KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20412209?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agronomy+Journal&rft.atitle=Dryland+Crop+Yields+and+Soil+Organic+Matter+as+Influenced+by+Long-Term+Tillage+and+Cropping+Sequence&rft.au=Sainju%2C+Upendra+M%3BLenssen%2C+Andrew+W%3BCaesar-TonThat%2C+Thecan%3BEvans%2C+Robert+G&rft.aulast=Sainju&rft.aufirst=Upendra&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=243&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agronomy+Journal&rft.issn=00021962&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fagronj2008.0080x L2 - http://agron.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/101/2/243.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - wheat; agricultural practices; Residues; Organic matter; crop yield; Biomass; Crops; agronomy; Soil; fallowing; Water springs; summer; plains; tillage; Hordeum vulgare; Triticum aestivum; Pisum sativum; USA, Great Plains; USA, Montana DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj2008.0080x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Removal of Phosphorus from Livestock Effluents AN - 20411886; 9091519 AB - For removal of phosphorus (P) from swine liquid manure before land application, we developed a treatment process that produces low P effluents and a valuable P by-product with minimal chemical addition and ammonia losses. The new wastewater process included two sequential steps: (i) biological nitrification and (ii) increasing the pH of the nitrified wastewater to precipitate P. We hypothesized that by reduction of inorganic buffers (NH sub(4) super(+) and carbonate alkalinity) via nitrification, P could be selectively removed by subsequent hydrated lime [Ca(OH) sub(2)] addition. The objective of the study was to assess if this new treatment could consistently reduce inorganic buffer capacity with varied initial concentrations of N (100-723 mg NH sub(4) super(+) L super(-1)), P (26-85 mg TP L super(-1)), and alkalinity (953-3063 mg CaCO sub(3) L super(-1)), and then efficiently remove P from swine lagoon liquid. The process was tested with surface lagoon liquids from 10 typical swine farms in North Carolina. Each lagoon liquid received treatment in a nitrification bioreactor, followed by chemical treatment with Ca(OH) sub(2) at Ca rates of 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 mmol L super(-1) to precipitate P. This configuration was compared with a control that received the same Ca rates but without the nitrification pretreatment. The new process significantly reduced >90% the inorganic buffers concentrations compared with the control and prevented ammonia losses. Subsequent lime addition resulted in efficient pH increase to =>9.5 for optimum P precipitation in the nitrified liquid and significant reduction of effluent total P concentration versus the control. With this new process, the total P concentration in treated liquid effluent can be adjusted for on-farm use with up to >90% of P removal. The recovered solid Ca phosphate material can be easily exported from the farm and reused as P fertilizer. Therefore, the new process can be used to reduce the P content in livestock effluents to levels that would diminish problems of excess P accumulation in waste-amended soils. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Szogi, Ariel A AU - Vanotti, Matias B AD - USDA-ARS Coastal Plains Soil, Water and Plant Research Center, 2611 W. Lucas St., Florence, SC 29501-1242. Mention of a specific product or vendor does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by the U.S. Department of Agriculture or imply its approval to the exclusion of other products that may be suitable, Ariel.Szogi@ARS.USDA.GOV Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 576 EP - 586 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 South Segoe Rd Madison WI 53711 USA VL - 38 IS - 2 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - USA, North Carolina KW - Farms KW - Phosphorus KW - Lagoons KW - Phosphorus removal KW - Alkalinity KW - farms KW - pH KW - Barn Wastewater KW - Effluents KW - Lime KW - Livestock KW - Nitrification KW - Wastewater KW - AQ 00007:Industrial Effluents KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20411886?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Removal+of+Phosphorus+from+Livestock+Effluents&rft.au=Szogi%2C+Ariel+A%3BVanotti%2C+Matias+B&rft.aulast=Szogi&rft.aufirst=Ariel&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=576&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fjeq2007.0641 L2 - http://jeq.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/38/2/576.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Phosphorus removal; Nitrification; farms; Effluents; Lime; Lagoons; pH; Wastewater; Livestock; Barn Wastewater; Farms; Alkalinity; Phosphorus; USA, North Carolina DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2007.0641 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of Phosphorus Source Coefficients as Predictors of Runoff Phosphorus Concentrations AN - 20411551; 9091520 AB - Many states have adopted a P site index (PSI) as a risk assessment tool to determine when P-based nutrient management is required for a given agricultural field. Some PSIs use a weighting factor, the phosphorus source coefficient (PSC), to account for differences in P solubility between organic P sources. Information relating to appropriate values of PSC for various organic P sources is limited. The objectives of this study were to determine PSCs for organic P sources and to examine the relationship between PSCs and P concentrations measured in simulated rainfall runoff. An incubation study was used to calculate PSCs based on the extractability of P from organic P sources (separated and unseparated liquid dairy manure, digested dairy manure, dairy manure solids, poultry litter, and compost) relative to P from triple superphosphate fertilizer. The PSCs from the 14-d incubations were the best predictors of runoff P after 14 d soil equilibration in the runoff boxes. The values for iron-oxide strip phosphorus (FeO-P) PSC ranged from 78% for compost to 28% for poultry litter and were significantly related to runoff DR-P (r super(2) = 0.80***) and FeO-P (r super(2) = 0.76***) during the 14-d runoff event. Mehlich 3 PSCs ranged from 59% for compost to 30% for unseparated dairy manure and were better predictors of DR-P and FeO-P during the 56-d event (r super(2) = 0.73*** and 0.65***, respectively). The results of this study indicate that PSCs based on soil incubations may improve the ability of PSCs to predict the risk of runoff transport, particularly after manure incorporation. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Smith, Matt C AU - White, John W AU - Coale, Frank J AD - USDA-ARS, Environ. Management and Byproducts Utilization Lab., Beltsville, MD 20705-2325, Matt.Smith@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009///0, PY - 2009 DA - 0, 2009 SP - 587 EP - 597 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 South Segoe Rd Madison WI 53711 USA VL - 38 IS - 2 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Phosphorus sources KW - Poultry KW - Manure KW - poultry KW - Rainfall KW - Phosphorus KW - Incubation KW - organic phosphorus KW - Soil KW - Digestion KW - Fertilizers KW - Agricultural runoff KW - Compost KW - Litter KW - Animal wastes KW - Solubility KW - Composts KW - Rainfall-runoff Relationships KW - Rainfall runoff KW - Photosystem I KW - agricultural land KW - Animal physiology KW - Agrochemicals KW - Risk KW - Dairies KW - Environmental quality KW - Runoff KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - Q2 09185:Organic compounds KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality KW - M2 551.578.1:Liquid (551.578.1) KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT KW - Q5 08522:Protective measures and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20411551?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+Phosphorus+Source+Coefficients+as+Predictors+of+Runoff+Phosphorus+Concentrations&rft.au=Smith%2C+Matt+C%3BWhite%2C+John+W%3BCoale%2C+Frank+J&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Matt&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=587&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fjeq2007.0669 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Digestion; Fertilizers; Manure; Composts; Photosystem I; Phosphorus; Animal physiology; Agricultural runoff; Phosphorus sources; Solubility; Rainfall runoff; Environmental quality; Compost; Risk assessment; Litter; Animal wastes; poultry; Rainfall; agricultural land; Agrochemicals; organic phosphorus; Soil; Dairies; Risk; Poultry; Rainfall-runoff Relationships; Incubation; Runoff DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2007.0669 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of Water Seal on Reducing 1,3-Dichloropropene Emissions from Different Soil Textures AN - 20411022; 9091584 AB - Soil physical conditions can affect diffusion, environmental fate, and efficacy of fumigants in soil disinfestation treatments. Water seals (applying water using sprinklers to soil following fumigation) can effectively reduce fumigant emissions from sandy loam soils. Soil column studies compared the effectiveness of water seals in reducing cis-1,3- dichloropropene (1,3-D) emissions from three different textured soils (loamy sand, sandy loam, and loam). Treatments included an untreated control, an initial water seal (9 mm water applied immediately before fumigant injection), and intermittent water seals (initial 9 mm water seal followed by 3 mm at 12 and 24 h). For the loamy sand, instead of the initial water seal treatment, a reduced-amount intermittent water seal (initial 3 mm water followed by 1 mm at 12 and 24 h) treatment was tested. Overall emission loss of 1,3-D from the control over 2 wk was 56% for the loamy sand, 51% for the sandy loam, and 43% for the loam. The initial water seal reduced total 1,3-D emissions to 46% in the sandy loam and 31% in the loam. The intermittent water seals reduced emission loss to 26% for the loamy sand, 41% for the sandy loam, and 21% for the loam. The reduced-amount intermittent water seal for loamy sand had little effect. Low emission loss was associated with high surface soil water content. None of the water applications reduced gaseous fumigant concentrations. Results indicate that water seal techniques may be able to effectively reduce emissions for different soil textures without reducing fumigant concentration in the soil. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - McDonald, Jason A AU - Gao, Suduan AU - Qin, Ruijun AU - Hanson, Bradley D AU - Trout, Thomas J AU - Wang, Dong AD - Condor Earth Technologies, Inc., Stockton, CA 95206, Suduan.Gao@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 712 EP - 718 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 South Segoe Rd Madison WI 53711 USA VL - 38 IS - 2 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Soil KW - seals KW - sandy soils KW - loam KW - soil texture KW - Sand KW - Emissions KW - Diffusion KW - water content KW - fumigants KW - Fumigation KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20411022?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Effect+of+Water+Seal+on+Reducing+1%2C3-Dichloropropene+Emissions+from+Different+Soil+Textures&rft.au=McDonald%2C+Jason+A%3BGao%2C+Suduan%3BQin%2C+Ruijun%3BHanson%2C+Bradley+D%3BTrout%2C+Thomas+J%3BWang%2C+Dong&rft.aulast=McDonald&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=712&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fjeq2008.0093 L2 - http://jeq.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/38/2/712.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; sandy soils; seals; soil texture; loam; Sand; Emissions; water content; Diffusion; fumigants; Fumigation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2008.0093 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Control effort exacerbates invasive-species problem AN - 20401312; 9070737 AB - Ecosystem managers face a difficult decision when managing invasive species. If they use aggressive practices to reduce invader abundances, they will likely reduce invaders' competitive impacts on natives. But it is often difficult or impossible to reduce invaders without damaging natives. So a critical question becomes: Which is worse for native biota, invaders or things done to control invaders? We attempted to answer this question for a common scenario. We studied several grassland natives exhibiting long-term coexistence with an invader and asked how aggressive management (herbicide use) affected the natives. Whether or not grazing was excluded, one-time herbicide use made two native forbs exceedingly rare for our entire 16-year study period. Herbicide also made several other native forbs rare, but only when grazing was excluded, and there is evidence that the dominant invader became more abundant in response to the decreases in native-forb abundances. Throughout the world, terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems are receiving herbicide applications for exotic-species control. Some of the applications are doubtless warranted because they target small invader patches or larger areas with virtually no remaining natives. However, other herbicide applications occur where large native populaions occur, and our data suggest that these applications can be ill advised. Our cautionary tale is told using an herbicide-treated grassland, but our results should be considered wherever invasive-species management damages native species. JF - Ecological Applications AU - Rinella, MJ AU - Maxwell, B D AU - Fay, P K AU - Weaver, T AU - Sheley, R L AD - USDA Agricultural Research Service, 243 Fort Keogh Street, Miles City, Montana 53901 USA, matt.rinella@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 155 EP - 162 VL - 19 IS - 1 SN - 1051-0761, 1051-0761 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Data processing KW - grazing KW - Grazing KW - Forbs KW - forbs KW - Herbicides KW - Coexistence KW - coexistence KW - Aquatic ecosystems KW - Grasslands KW - Biota KW - invasive species KW - aquatic ecosystems KW - Introduced species KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20401312?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Applications&rft.atitle=Control+effort+exacerbates+invasive-species+problem&rft.au=Rinella%2C+MJ%3BMaxwell%2C+B+D%3BFay%2C+P+K%3BWeaver%2C+T%3BSheley%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Rinella&rft.aufirst=MJ&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=155&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Applications&rft.issn=10510761&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Grasslands; Data processing; Grazing; Forbs; Coexistence; Herbicides; Introduced species; Aquatic ecosystems; Biota; grazing; invasive species; forbs; coexistence; aquatic ecosystems ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of 10 polymorphic microsatellite loci isolated from the mountain beaver, Aplodontia rufa rufa (Rafinesque) AN - 20394522; 9075492 AB - AbstractWe developed 10 microsatellite markers for the mountain beaver, Aplodontia rufa rufa. In three populations of A. r. rufa, the number of alleles for these loci ranged from monomorphic to nine. Average observed heterozygosities in these populations ranged from 0.29 to 0.60. We also tested previously published markers from the endangered subspecies A. r. nigra in A. r. rufa populations. JF - Molecular Ecology Resources AU - Piaggio, Antoinette J AU - Neubaum, Melissa A AU - Yueh, Hesther AU - Ritland, Carol E AU - Johnston, John J AU - Perkins, Susan L AD - Wildlife Genetics Laboratory, National Wildlife Research Center, Wildlife Services, USDA 4101 LaPorte Avenue, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA, toni.j.piaggio@aphis.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 323 EP - 325 PB - Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd. VL - 9 IS - 1 SN - 1755-098X, 1755-098X KW - Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Genetics Abstracts KW - Aplodontia rufa KW - microsatellite KW - mountain beaver KW - Allelles KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Microsatellites KW - Aplodontia rufa rufa KW - Genetic diversity KW - Genotypes KW - Rare species KW - Biopolymorphism KW - Heterozygosity KW - Mountains KW - Population genetics KW - Genetic markers KW - DNA KW - Aquatic mammals KW - Q1 08443:Population genetics KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - G 07750:Ecological & Population Genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20394522?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Ecology+Resources&rft.atitle=Development+of+10+polymorphic+microsatellite+loci+isolated+from+the+mountain+beaver%2C+Aplodontia+rufa+rufa+%28Rafinesque%29&rft.au=Piaggio%2C+Antoinette+J%3BNeubaum%2C+Melissa+A%3BYueh%2C+Hesther%3BRitland%2C+Carol+E%3BJohnston%2C+John+J%3BPerkins%2C+Susan+L&rft.aulast=Piaggio&rft.aufirst=Antoinette&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=323&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+Ecology+Resources&rft.issn=1755098X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1755-0998.2008.02382.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Population genetics; Allelles; Nucleotide sequence; DNA; Genetic diversity; Rare species; Genotypes; Biopolymorphism; Aquatic mammals; Mountains; Genetic markers; Microsatellites; Heterozygosity; Aplodontia rufa rufa DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-0998.2008.02382.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Eight polymorphic microsatellite loci developed and characterized from Townsend's big-eared bat, Corynorhinus townsendii AN - 20394158; 9075523 AB - AbstractTwo of the five subspecies of the western big-eared bat, Corynorhinus townsendii, are listed as federally endangered with the remaining three being of conservation concern. Knowing the degree of connectivity among populations would aid in the establishment of sound conservation and management plans for this taxon. For this purpose, we have developed and characterized eight polymorphic microsatellite markers. JF - Molecular Ecology Resources AU - Piaggio, Antoinette J AU - Miller, Katie Erin G AU - Matocq, Marjorie D AU - Perkins, Susan L AD - *Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center, Wildlife Genetics Laboratory, US Department of Agriculture, 4101 LaPorte Avenue, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA,, toni.j.piaggio@aphis.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 258 EP - 260 PB - Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd. VL - 9 IS - 1 SN - 1755-098X, 1755-098X KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - Corynorhinus townsendii KW - microsatellite KW - Townsend's big-eared bat KW - management plans KW - Genetic markers KW - Microsatellites KW - Sound KW - Conservation KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - G 07750:Ecological & Population Genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20394158?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Ecology+Resources&rft.atitle=Eight+polymorphic+microsatellite+loci+developed+and+characterized+from+Townsend%27s+big-eared+bat%2C+Corynorhinus+townsendii&rft.au=Piaggio%2C+Antoinette+J%3BMiller%2C+Katie+Erin+G%3BMatocq%2C+Marjorie+D%3BPerkins%2C+Susan+L&rft.aulast=Piaggio&rft.aufirst=Antoinette&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=258&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+Ecology+Resources&rft.issn=1755098X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1755-0998.2008.02243.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genetic markers; Sound; Microsatellites; Conservation; management plans DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-0998.2008.02243.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Twenty-four microsatellite markers for the aflatoxin-producing fungus Aspergillus flavus AN - 20392156; 9075496 AB - AbstractAspergillus flavus infects both plants and humans and contaminates diverse agricultural crops with aflatoxins, highly carcinogenic fungal metabolites. We describe 24 microsatellite markers developed to assess genetic diversity and recombination within and between three vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs) of Aspergillus flavus. These loci are polymorphic within at least one VCG or between VCGs. For loci polymorphic across all three VCGs, the number of alleles ranged from two to 19. These markers will be useful for genetic studies of this economically important pathogen. JF - Molecular Ecology Resources AU - Grubisha, L C AU - Cotty, P J AD - USDA-ARS, Department of Plant Sciences, The University of Arizona, P.O. Box 210036, Tucson, AZ 85721-0036, USA, pjcotty@email.arizona.edu Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 264 EP - 267 PB - Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd. VL - 9 IS - 1 SN - 1755-098X, 1755-098X KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Toxicology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - Ascomycota KW - asexual KW - clonal KW - haploid KW - mycotoxin KW - Recombination KW - Crop KW - Aspergillus flavus KW - Genetic markers KW - Microsatellites KW - Aflatoxins KW - Genetic diversity KW - Metabolites KW - Pathogens KW - Crops KW - X 24370:Natural Toxins KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20392156?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Ecology+Resources&rft.atitle=Twenty-four+microsatellite+markers+for+the+aflatoxin-producing+fungus+Aspergillus+flavus&rft.au=Grubisha%2C+L+C%3BCotty%2C+P+J&rft.aulast=Grubisha&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=264&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+Ecology+Resources&rft.issn=1755098X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1755-0998.2008.02378.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Recombination; Crop; Genetic markers; Aflatoxins; Microsatellites; Genetic diversity; Metabolites; Pathogens; Crops; Aspergillus flavus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-0998.2008.02378.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification of miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements (MITEs) and biogenesis of their siRNAs in the Solanaceae: New functional implications for MITEs AN - 20392139; 9064592 AB - Small RNAs regulate the genome by guiding transcriptional and post-transcriptional silencing machinery to specific target sequences, including genes and transposable elements (TEs). Although miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements (MITEs) are closely associated with euchromatic genes, the broader functional impact of these short TE insertions in genes is largely unknown. We identified 22 families of MITEs in the Solanaceae (MiS1-MiS22) and found abundant MiS insertions in Solanaceae genomic DNA and expressed sequence tags (EST). Several Solanaceae MITEs generate genome changes that potentially affect gene function and regulation, most notably, a MiS insertion that provides a functionally indispensable alternative exon in the tobacco mosaic virus N resistance gene. We show that MITEs generate small RNAs that are primarily 24 nt in length, as detected by Northern blot hybridization and by sequencing small RNAs of Solanum demissum, Nicotiana glutinosa, and Nicotiana benthamiana. Additionally, we show that stable RNAi lines silencing DICER-LIKE3 (DCL3) in tobacco and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase 2 (RDR2) in potato cause a reduction in 24-nt MITE siRNAs, suggesting that, as in Arabidopsis, TE-derived siRNA biogenesis is DCL3 and RDR2 dependent. We provide evidence that DICER-LIKE4 (DCL4) may also play a role in MITE siRNA generation in the Solanaceae. JF - Genome Research AU - Kuang, Hanhui AU - Padmanabhan, Chellappan AU - Li, Feng AU - Kamei, Ayako AU - Bhaskar, Pudota B AU - Ouyang, Shu AU - Jiang, Jiming AU - Buell, CRobin AU - Baker, Barbara AD - Plant Gene Expression Center, Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. USDA-ARS, Albany, California 94710, USA. Department of Horticulture, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA. The J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, Maryland 20850, USA. Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 42 EP - 56 PB - Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Fulfillment & Distribution Dept. 500 Sunnyside Boulevard Woodbury NY 11797-2924 USA, [mailto:cshpress@cshl.org], [URL:http://www.cshl.org/] VL - 19 IS - 1 SN - 1088-9051, 1088-9051 KW - Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - Genomes KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Disease resistance KW - expressed sequence tags KW - Transposons KW - DNA-directed RNA polymerase KW - Solanum demissum KW - Solanum tuberosum KW - Nicotiana glutinosa KW - Arabidopsis KW - genomics KW - Solanaceae KW - Exons KW - Transcription KW - Tobacco mosaic virus KW - Nicotiana benthamiana KW - siRNA KW - Insertion KW - Gene regulation KW - RNA-directed RNA polymerase KW - DNA KW - RNA-mediated interference KW - Post-transcription KW - Gene silencing KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - W 30930:Agricultural Applications KW - V 22320:Replication KW - N 14830:RNA UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20392139?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Genome+Research&rft.atitle=Identification+of+miniature+inverted-repeat+transposable+elements+%28MITEs%29+and+biogenesis+of+their+siRNAs+in+the+Solanaceae%3A+New+functional+implications+for+MITEs&rft.au=Kuang%2C+Hanhui%3BPadmanabhan%2C+Chellappan%3BLi%2C+Feng%3BKamei%2C+Ayako%3BBhaskar%2C+Pudota+B%3BOuyang%2C+Shu%3BJiang%2C+Jiming%3BBuell%2C+CRobin%3BBaker%2C+Barbara&rft.aulast=Kuang&rft.aufirst=Hanhui&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=42&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Genome+Research&rft.issn=10889051&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Exons; Nucleotide sequence; Transcription; Disease resistance; expressed sequence tags; Transposons; DNA-directed RNA polymerase; siRNA; Insertion; RNA-directed RNA polymerase; Gene regulation; DNA; RNA-mediated interference; genomics; Post-transcription; Gene silencing; Solanaceae; Nicotiana benthamiana; Solanum demissum; Solanum tuberosum; Nicotiana glutinosa; Arabidopsis; Tobacco mosaic virus ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microsatellite markers for the grapevine pathogen, Eutypa lata AN - 20391471; 9075479 AB - AbstractWe isolated and characterized nine polymorphic microsatellite markers for Eutypa lata, a fungal pathogen responsible for Eutypa dieback of grapevine, in populations from two California vineyards (24 isolates per vineyard). Allele frequency ranged from two to 11 alleles per locus and haploid gene diversity ranged from 0.33 to 0.83. All samples comprised unique haplotypes. Our results suggest that there is sufficient allelic polymorphism to estimate fine-scale spatial structure, and to identify possible sources of inoculum from habitats outside of vineyards. JF - Molecular Ecology Resources AU - Baumgartner, K AU - Bergemann, Se AU - Fujiyoshi, P AU - ROLSHAUSEN, P E AU - Gubler, W D AD - *USDA-ARS, 363 Hutchison Hall, kbaumgartner@ucdavis.edu Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 222 EP - 224 PB - Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd. VL - 9 IS - 1 SN - 1755-098X, 1755-098X KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - Ascomycota KW - Diatrypaceae KW - Eutypa dieback KW - Eutypa lata KW - plant pathogen KW - Vitis vinifera KW - Vineyards KW - Eutypa KW - Dieback KW - Microsatellites KW - haplotypes KW - Pathogens KW - Habitat KW - Haplotypes KW - vineyards KW - dieback KW - Genetic markers KW - Inoculum KW - Gene frequency KW - USA, California KW - Vitaceae KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - G 07750:Ecological & Population Genetics KW - K 03310:Genetics & Taxonomy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20391471?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Ecology+Resources&rft.atitle=Microsatellite+markers+for+the+grapevine+pathogen%2C+Eutypa+lata&rft.au=Baumgartner%2C+K%3BBergemann%2C+Se%3BFujiyoshi%2C+P%3BROLSHAUSEN%2C+P+E%3BGubler%2C+W+D&rft.aulast=Baumgartner&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=222&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+Ecology+Resources&rft.issn=1755098X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1755-0998.2008.02405.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Vineyards; Dieback; Haplotypes; Genetic markers; Inoculum; Microsatellites; Gene frequency; Pathogens; Habitat; dieback; vineyards; haplotypes; Eutypa; Eutypa lata; Vitaceae; USA, California DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-0998.2008.02405.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling Firm Spatial Interdependence Using National Data Coverages: A Regional Application to Manure Management AN - 20383185; 9060454 AB - A regional modeling framework using national data series is developed to estimate the net cost of land-applying manure under possible policy provisions to limit water- and air-quality emissions. The modeling framework, applied to the Chesapeake Bay watershed, integrates GIS-based spatial data within an optimization model to capture spatial effects at a subwatershed scale. JF - Natural Resource Modeling AU - Aillery, M AU - Gollehon, N AU - Breneman, V AU - Bucholtz, S AD - ERS-RESP, Rm. S-4204, 1800 M Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20036-5831, Resource and Rural Economics Division, Economic Research Service, USDA, USA, maillery@ers.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 42 EP - 66 VL - 22 IS - 1 SN - 0890-8575, 0890-8575 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Animal wastes KW - Data processing KW - Manure KW - Natural resources KW - Emissions KW - Watersheds KW - ANW, USA, Chesapeake Bay KW - Land application KW - Models KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04030:Models, Methods, Remote Sensing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20383185?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Natural+Resource+Modeling&rft.atitle=Modeling+Firm+Spatial+Interdependence+Using+National+Data+Coverages%3A+A+Regional+Application+to+Manure+Management&rft.au=Aillery%2C+M%3BGollehon%2C+N%3BBreneman%2C+V%3BBucholtz%2C+S&rft.aulast=Aillery&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=42&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Natural+Resource+Modeling&rft.issn=08908575&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Manure; Data processing; Watersheds; Models; Animal wastes; Natural resources; Emissions; Land application; ANW, USA, Chesapeake Bay ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Proteomic analysis of head kidney tissue from high and low susceptibility families of channel catfish following challenge with Edwardsiella ictaluri AN - 20353994; 9021273 AB - A study was performed to compare proteomic profiles of channel catfish from families with high and low susceptibility to Edwardsiella ictaluri following an immersion challenge. Total protein was isolated from head kidney samples, collected at 2 and 6h postexposure, and analyzed by 2-D-gel electrophoresis coupled with peptide mass fingerprint analysis by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization and time of flight tandem mass spectrometry. Comparisons were made between proteomic profiles from infected and uninfected fish from high and low susceptibility families. Heat shock protein 90-beta, from the high susceptibility infected family, and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 1-like protein, from the low susceptibility infected family, were identified at 2h postexposure. Rab-11-like protein (low susceptibility infected family), tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein epsilon (low susceptibility infected family), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (high susceptibility infected family), and ATP synthase beta subunit (low susceptibility uninfected family) were identified at 6h postexposure. Four proteins, heat shock protein 90-beta, Rab-11, tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein epsilon, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, have activities involved in macrophage function or cellular stress responses, while the other two have functions associated with cellular energy production and metabolism. These results demonstrate the potential for use of proteomic techniques in channel catfish research. JF - Fish & Shellfish Immunology AU - Booth, N J AU - Bilodeau-Bourgeois, AL AD - 141 Experiment Station Road, P.O. Box 38, Stoneville, MS 38776, USA, natha.booth@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - January 2009 SP - 193 EP - 196 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl] VL - 26 IS - 1 SN - 1050-4648, 1050-4648 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Immunology Abstracts KW - Macrophages KW - Heat shock proteins KW - Tryptophan 5-monooxygenase KW - Edwardsiella ictaluri KW - Tyrosine KW - Freshwater KW - Freshwater fish KW - Ictalurus punctatus KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - Cell activation KW - Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase KW - Heat shock KW - Electrophoresis KW - Energy metabolism KW - Immunology KW - Stress KW - ATP KW - Kidneys KW - Kidney KW - Immersion KW - ATP synthase KW - Protein turnover KW - Lasers KW - Peptides KW - proteomics KW - Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase KW - Ionization KW - Dehydrogenases KW - J 02410:Animal Diseases KW - Q1 08346:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics KW - F 06940:Fish Immunity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20353994?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fish+%26+Shellfish+Immunology&rft.atitle=Proteomic+analysis+of+head+kidney+tissue+from+high+and+low+susceptibility+families+of+channel+catfish+following+challenge+with+Edwardsiella+ictaluri&rft.au=Booth%2C+N+J%3BBilodeau-Bourgeois%2C+AL&rft.aulast=Booth&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=193&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fish+%26+Shellfish+Immunology&rft.issn=10504648&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.fsi.2008.03.003 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Macrophages; Immunology; ATP; Tyrosine; Heat shock; Peptides; Kidneys; Freshwater fish; Dehydrogenases; Heat shock proteins; Electrophoresis; Tryptophan 5-monooxygenase; Energy metabolism; Stress; Mass spectroscopy; Cell activation; Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; Immersion; Kidney; Protein turnover; ATP synthase; Lasers; proteomics; Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase; Ionization; Edwardsiella ictaluri; Ictalurus punctatus; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2008.03.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of Surface Roughness on Retention and Removal of Escherichia coli O157:H7 on Surfaces of Selected Fruits AN - 20342824; 9019351 AB - ABSTRACT:This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of surface roughness on the attachment and removal of Escherichia coli O157:H7 on selected fruit and metal surfaces. A new method to determine surface roughness was developed using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). A series of 2-D layered images were taken by CLSM optical slicing of the surfaces of Golden Delicious apples, navel oranges, avocadoes, and cantaloupes. The average roughness (Ra) of the fruit surfaces was assessed by reconstructing a series of 2-D images into 3-D images. A cocktail of 5 E. coli O157:H7 strains were spot inoculated onto fruit skin surfaces with different Ra. The fruits were then treated with acidic electrolyzed water (AEW), peroxyacetic acid (POAA), and sterilized deionized water. Aluminum stubs with different Ra values as a model system were also spot inoculated with E. coli O157:H7 and subjected to a sonication treatment. Test results indicated that there was a positive linear correlation between Ra and adhesion rate of E. coli O157:H7, and a negative correlation between Ra and the efficacy of inactivation by AEW and POAA, respectively, on fruit surfaces. A linear increase of residual bacteria population with increased surface roughness of aluminum stubs was also observed. The relationship between surface roughness and surface hydrophobicity was negative linear for the aluminum stubs, but was quadratic for the 4 fruits. The environmental scanning electron microscopy images showed that bacteria tended to attach to or be entrapped in the grooves or cavities of fruits, which provided protection to the cells against washing treatments. JF - Journal of Food Science AU - Wang, H AU - Feng, H AU - Liang, W AU - Luo, Y AU - Malyarchuk, V AD - 1Author Wang is with Grocery Manufacturers Assn., 1350 I Street NW, Suite 300, Washington, D.C. 20005, U.S.A; previously with Dept. of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, U.S.A. Author Feng is with Dept. of Food Science and Human Nutrition and author Liang is with Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Science, Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, U.S.A. Author Luo is with Produce Quality and Safety Laboratory, USDA, ARS, Baltimore Ave., Beltsville, MD 20705, U.S.A. Author Malyarchuk is with Materials Research Laboratory of Univ. of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, U.S.A. Direct inquiries to author Feng (E-mail: haofeng[at]uiuc.edu). Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - E8 EP - E15 PB - Institute of Food Technology VL - 74 IS - 1 SN - 0022-1147, 0022-1147 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - confocal laser scanning microscopy KW - electrolyzed water KW - hydrophobicity KW - produce washing KW - surface roughness KW - Fruits KW - Metals KW - Cavities KW - Scanning electron microscopy KW - Cucumis melo KW - Skin KW - Hydrophobicity KW - Umbilicus KW - Sonication KW - Aluminum KW - Peracetic acid KW - Confocal microscopy KW - Escherichia coli KW - Persea americana KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology KW - J 02300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20342824?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Food+Science&rft.atitle=Effect+of+Surface+Roughness+on+Retention+and+Removal+of+Escherichia+coli+O157%3AH7+on+Surfaces+of+Selected+Fruits&rft.au=Wang%2C+H%3BFeng%2C+H%3BLiang%2C+W%3BLuo%2C+Y%3BMalyarchuk%2C+V&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=E8&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Food+Science&rft.issn=00221147&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1750-3841.2008.00998.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Scanning electron microscopy; Cavities; Metals; Fruits; Skin; Confocal microscopy; Peracetic acid; Aluminum; Hydrophobicity; Umbilicus; Sonication; Cucumis melo; Persea americana; Escherichia coli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2008.00998.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Design and evaluation of PCR primers which differentiate Escherichia coli O157:H7 and related serotypes AN - 20336779; 9019104 AB - AbstractAims:To develop methods to differentiate Escherichia coli O157:H7 and related serotypes by the use of amplicon length polymorphism (ALP) analysis based on identifying DNA sequence deletions within highly homologous regions of three sequenced E. coli strains.Methods and Results:Potential primer locations along the ancestral genomic backbone were identified and evaluated against three sequenced genomes and then applied to a reference set of pathogenic E. coli strains. All 16 primer combinations generated the expected diagnostic fragments as predicted for the E. coli K12 MG1655, O157:H7 EDL933, and O157:H7B Sakai genomes.Conclusions:This study defines a collection of primers distributed along the length of the E. coli genome that were applied to ALP analysis methods to successfully differentiate between serotypes of E. coli O157:H7 and other E. coli serotypes.Significance and Impact of the Study:ALP-PCR analysis method was validated as an independent method of classification when compared with that of rep-PCR. The principles underlying ALP analysis can be readily applied for the detection and differentiation of other closely related microbial species because of the abundance of complete DNA sequence data for a large number of microbial genomes. JF - Journal of Applied Microbiology AU - Rice, W C AD - USDA, ARS, Conservation and Production Research Laboratory, Bushland, TX, USA, William.Rice@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 149 EP - 160 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road VL - 106 IS - 1 SN - 1364-5072, 1364-5072 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - amplicon length polymorphism KW - cluster analysis KW - E. coli O157 KW - microbial typing KW - molecular typing KW - rep-PCR KW - Genomes KW - Serotypes KW - Data processing KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Abundance KW - Differentiation KW - Gene deletion KW - Classification KW - Escherichia coli KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Primers KW - genomics KW - J 02310:Genetics & Taxonomy KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology KW - G 07770:Bacteria UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20336779?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Design+and+evaluation+of+PCR+primers+which+differentiate+Escherichia+coli+O157%3AH7+and+related+serotypes&rft.au=Rice%2C+W+C&rft.aulast=Rice&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=149&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Microbiology&rft.issn=13645072&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2672.2008.03987.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Differentiation; Gene deletion; Data processing; Serotypes; Classification; Nucleotide sequence; Abundance; Polymerase chain reaction; Primers; genomics; Escherichia coli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.2008.03987.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimated Particulate Emissions by Wind Erosion from the Indiana Harbor Confined Disposal Facility AN - 20335641; 9016786 AB - A confined disposal facility (CDF) is being designed for 3.5 M m super(3) of contaminated sediments dredged from the Indiana Harbor Canal at East Chicago, Ind. The sediment will be placed in two cells enclosed by earthern berms about 9 m tall and cover about 36 ha. The air registration for the facility poses limits on particulate emissions; however, very little is known of the potential for particulate emissions from hydraulically placed dredged material. Therefore, the purposes of this study were to (1) determine temporal wind erodibility of the sediments; (2) estimate potential paniculate emissions from wind erosion during CDF operations; and (3) simulate emission control measures that allow the CDF to comply with allowable emissions. A composite sample of Indiana Harbor sediment was placed in outdoor sediment bins at Manhattan, Kan., and variations in sediment wind erodibility parameters were determined over a 22 month period. In general, sediment erodibility increased with freeze/thaw cycling, but decreased during the summer. Next, the Hydrologic Evaluation of Landfill Performance and the Primary Consolidation, Secondary Compression and Desiccation of Dredged Fill models were used to determine periods when the CDF cell surfaces would be saturated. Finally, the Wind Erosion Prediction System model was used to estimate potential suspended paniculate emissions from the CDF during unsaturated periods. Hydraulic placement of the sediments in the cells will result in a sand bed at the north end of the cells that needs to be stabilized to prevent abrasion of the downwind area. Even with the sand bed stabilized, the simulation results showed that additional erosion control would likely be needed. Snow fences, short barriers, and stabilized strips were simulated as potential erosion controls. The results showed any of these could provide adequate reductions in emissions to meet the target emission levels. JF - Practice Periodical of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste Management AU - Hagen, L J AU - Schroeder, PR AU - Thai, L AD - Wind Erosion Research Unit, USDA, ARS, GMPRC, 1515 College Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502, USA, hagen@weru.ksu.edu Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 20 EP - 28 VL - 13 IS - 1 SN - 1090-025X, 1090-025X KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - USA, Illinois, Chicago KW - Hydraulics KW - Sediment pollution KW - Landfills KW - Snow KW - Simulation KW - Emission control KW - Soil erosion KW - Particulates KW - desiccation KW - USA, Indiana KW - Canals KW - Erosion KW - Sand KW - erosion control KW - USA, New York, Manhattan KW - Waste disposal sites KW - Emissions KW - summer KW - USA, Indiana, Indiana Harbor Canal KW - Harbors KW - Hazardous wastes KW - Wind KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20335641?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Practice+Periodical+of+Hazardous%2C+Toxic%2C+and+Radioactive+Waste+Management&rft.atitle=Estimated+Particulate+Emissions+by+Wind+Erosion+from+the+Indiana+Harbor+Confined+Disposal+Facility&rft.au=Hagen%2C+L+J%3BSchroeder%2C+PR%3BThai%2C+L&rft.aulast=Hagen&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=20&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Practice+Periodical+of+Hazardous%2C+Toxic%2C+and+Radioactive+Waste+Management&rft.issn=1090025X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1061%2F%28ASCE%291090-025X%282009%2913%3Al%2820%29 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sediment pollution; Hydraulics; Snow; Landfills; Simulation; Emission control; Particulates; Soil erosion; desiccation; Canals; Erosion; Sand; erosion control; Waste disposal sites; Emissions; summer; Harbors; Wind; Hazardous wastes; USA, Indiana; USA, Illinois, Chicago; USA, New York, Manhattan; USA, Indiana, Indiana Harbor Canal DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-025X(2009)13:l(20) ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Correction of Bulk Density and Sampling Method Biases Using Soil Mass per Unit Area AN - 20323260; 8932747 AB - This study compared linear depth from the soil surface vs. equivalent sample mass for interpreting soil water content and concentration data. Our first experiment sampled soils that differed only in surface bulk density. A second experiment compared different soil sampling tools. In both cases, analysis by mass instead of depth corrected water content discrepancies caused by bulk density or sample compaction differences. In a third experiment, samples collected from an on-farm test resulted in many significant differences in soil moisture between tillage practices for linear depth data that did not exist when analyzed using equivalent sample mass. When it is important to avoid confounding bulk density, depth from the surface, or sampling method with quantitative measurements, sampling by mass instead of volume is more accurate and precise than many quantitative methods currently in use, and represents an important advance in our ability to make comparative measurements across time, treatments, locations, and equipment. JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Wuest, Stewart B AD - USDA-ARS, Columbia Plateau Conserv. Research Center, PO Box 370, Pendleton, OR 97801, stewart.wuest@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 312 EP - 316 PB - Soil Science Society of America VL - 73 IS - 1 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Soil KW - soil depth KW - water content KW - tillage KW - Soil moisture KW - Sampling methods KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20323260?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=Correction+of+Bulk+Density+and+Sampling+Method+Biases+Using+Soil+Mass+per+Unit+Area&rft.au=Wuest%2C+Stewart+B&rft.aulast=Wuest&rft.aufirst=Stewart&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=312&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fsssaj2008.0063 L2 - http://soil.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/73/1/312.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; soil depth; water content; tillage; Soil moisture; Sampling methods DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2008.0063 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dairy Diet Phosphorus and Rainfall Timing Effects on Runoff Phosphorus from Land-Applied Manure AN - 20323162; 8932661 AB - Surface-applied dairy manure can increase P concentrations in runoff, which may contribute to eutrophication of lakes and streams. The amount of dietary P fed to dairy cows (Bos taurus) and the timing of a rain event after manure application may further affect runoff P losses. The objective of this study was to examine dietary P supplementation effects on manure and runoff P concentrations from rain events occurring at different time intervals after manure application. Manure from dairy cows fed an unsupplemented low P diet (LP; 3.6 g P kg super(-1)) or a diet supplemented with either an inorganic (HIP; 4.4 g P kg super(-1)) or an organic (HOP; 4.6 g P kg super(-1)) source was hand-applied onto soil-packed pans at 56 wet Mg ha super(- 1). Thirty min of runoff was collected from simulated rain events (30 mm h super(-1)) 2, 5, or 9 d after manure application. Total P (TP) concentrations in runoff from HIP and HOP diet manure from the 2-d rain were 46 and 31% greater than that of the LP diet. Runoff P concentrations from high P diets were numerically higher than that of the LP diet at 5 and 9 d after application, but differences were significant only for dissolved reactive P (DRP) at 5 d. Large decreases in runoff TP (89%) and DRP (65%) concentrations occurred with delay of rainfall from 2 d until 5 d. The proportion of TP as DRP increased as the time between manure application and runoff increased. Results showed that reducing dietary P and extending the time between manure application and a rain event can significantly reduce concentrations of TP and DRP in runoff. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Hanrahan, Laura P AU - Jokela, William E AU - Knapp, Joanne R AD - VT Agency of Agric., Food, and Markets, Montpelier, VT, bill.jokela@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009///0, PY - 2009 DA - 0, 2009 SP - 212 EP - 217 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 South Segoe Rd Madison WI 53711 USA VL - 38 IS - 1 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Manure KW - Eutrophication KW - Environmental Quality KW - Rainfall KW - Phosphorus KW - Bos taurus KW - Streams KW - Land application KW - Environmental factors KW - Lakes KW - Timing KW - Diets KW - Animal wastes KW - Dairies KW - Cattle KW - Environmental quality KW - Feeding experiments KW - Rain KW - Runoff KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - SW 0850:Lakes KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - M2 551.578.1:Liquid (551.578.1) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20323162?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Dairy+Diet+Phosphorus+and+Rainfall+Timing+Effects+on+Runoff+Phosphorus+from+Land-Applied+Manure&rft.au=Hanrahan%2C+Laura+P%3BJokela%2C+William+E%3BKnapp%2C+Joanne+R&rft.aulast=Hanrahan&rft.aufirst=Laura&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=212&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fjeq2007.0672 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diets; Manure; Eutrophication; Rainfall; Phosphorus; Feeding experiments; Environmental factors; Runoff; Environmental quality; Lakes; Cattle; Dairies; Animal wastes; Land application; Timing; Environmental Quality; Rain; Streams; Bos taurus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2007.0672 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bulked Segregant Analysis Using the GoldenGate Assay to Locate the Rpp3 Locus that Confers Resistance to Soybean Rust in Soybean AN - 20319193; 8932701 AB - Few resistance loci to soybean rust (SBR), caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi Syd., have been genetically mapped and linked to molecular markers that can be used for marker assisted selection. New technologies are available for single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping that can be used to rapidly map traits controlled by single loci such as resistance to SBR. Our objective was to demonstrate that the high-throughput SNP genotyping method known as the GoldenGate assay can be used to perform bulked segregant analysis (BSA) to find candidate regions to facilitate efficient mapping of a dominant resistant locus to SBR designated Rpp3. We used a 1536 SNP GoldenGate assay to perform BSA followed by simple sequence repeat (SSR) mapping in an F sub(2) population segregating for SBR resistance conditioned by Rpp3. A 13-cM region on linkage group C2 was the only candidate region identified with BSA. Subsequent F sub(2) mapping placed Rpp3 between SSR markers BARC_Satt460 and BARC_Sat_263 on linkage group C2 which is the same region identified by BSA. These results suggest that the GoldenGate assay was successful at implementing BSA, making it a powerful tool to quickly map qualitative traits since the GoldenGate assay is capable of screening 1536 SNPs on 192 DNA samples in three days. JF - Crop Science AU - Hyten, David L AU - Smith, James R AU - Frederick, Reid D AU - Tucker, Mark L AU - Song, Qijian AU - Cregan, Perry B AD - Soybean Genomics and Improvement Laboratory, U.S. Dep. of Agriculture- Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD 20705, David.Hyten@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 265 EP - 271 PB - Crop Science Society of America, 677 S. Segoe Rd. Madison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.crops.org] VL - 49 IS - 1 SN - 0011-183X, 0011-183X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Genetics Abstracts KW - Crop KW - Single-nucleotide polymorphism KW - Phakopsora pachyrhizi KW - Genotyping KW - DNA KW - Simple sequence repeats KW - Mapping KW - Rust KW - Soybeans KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20319193?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Crop+Science&rft.atitle=Bulked+Segregant+Analysis+Using+the+GoldenGate+Assay+to+Locate+the+Rpp3+Locus+that+Confers+Resistance+to+Soybean+Rust+in+Soybean&rft.au=Hyten%2C+David+L%3BSmith%2C+James+R%3BFrederick%2C+Reid+D%3BTucker%2C+Mark+L%3BSong%2C+Qijian%3BCregan%2C+Perry+B&rft.aulast=Hyten&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=265&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Crop+Science&rft.issn=0011183X&rft_id=info:doi/10.2135%2Fcropsci2008.08.0511 L2 - http://crop.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/49/1/265.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Crop; Single-nucleotide polymorphism; Genotyping; DNA; Simple sequence repeats; Mapping; Rust; Soybeans; Phakopsora pachyrhizi DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2008.08.0511 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genetic Mapping of Sheath Blight Resistance QTLs within Tropical Japonica Rice Cultivars AN - 20319151; 8932700 AB - Most commercial cultivars of rice (Oryza sativa L.) are susceptible to sheath blight (SB), a devastating fungal disease causing significant losses in grain yield and quality. There are limited sources of genetic resistance adapted to U.S. growing conditions, and no commercial long grain cultivar of rice is currently available in the United States with a high level of SB resistance. Sheath blight resistance has been reported to be horizontal and quantitative. A population of 279 F sub(2:3) progeny rows derived from a cross between two tropical japonica U.S. rice cultivars, Rosemont (semi-dwarf, SB susceptible) and Pecos (tall, SB resistant), was used to map SB resistance. Progeny families were evaluated for disease reactions, plant height (PH), and heading date (HD) in replicated field trials for 2 yr and genotyped with 149 simple sequence repeat markers. Correlation analysis between SB ratings with PH and HD showed that both agronomic traits were significantly correlated with SB resistance. Four significant (logarithm of odds ratio => 3.6) quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were identified for SB resistance, with individual effects explaining 5.6 to 33.4% of the total phenotypic variation. Plant height appears to have a direct influence on SB resistance, with QTLs for these traits colocated on chromosome 1. Consistent results across years indicate the stability of the identified QTLs and their potential for improving rice SB resistance using marker-assisted selection. JF - Crop Science AU - Sharma, Arun AU - McClung, Anna M AU - Pinson, Shannon RM AU - Kepiro, Joseph L AU - Shank, ARobert AU - Tabien, Rodante E AU - Fjellstrom, Robert AD - Texas Agric. Exp. Station, Texas A&M Univ., 1509 Aggie Drive, Beaumont, TX 77713, bob.fjellstrom@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 256 EP - 264 PB - Crop Science Society of America, 677 S. Segoe Rd. Madison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.crops.org] VL - 49 IS - 1 SN - 0011-183X, 0011-183X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Quantitative trait loci KW - Plant diseases KW - Oryza sativa KW - Chromosome 1 KW - Correlation analysis KW - Crops KW - marker-assisted selection KW - Sheath blight KW - Grain KW - Simple sequence repeats KW - Genetic crosses KW - Gene mapping KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20319151?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Crop+Science&rft.atitle=Genetic+Mapping+of+Sheath+Blight+Resistance+QTLs+within+Tropical+Japonica+Rice+Cultivars&rft.au=Sharma%2C+Arun%3BMcClung%2C+Anna+M%3BPinson%2C+Shannon+RM%3BKepiro%2C+Joseph+L%3BShank%2C+ARobert%3BTabien%2C+Rodante+E%3BFjellstrom%2C+Robert&rft.aulast=Sharma&rft.aufirst=Arun&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=256&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Crop+Science&rft.issn=0011183X&rft_id=info:doi/10.2135%2Fcropsci2008.03.0124 L2 - http://crop.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/49/1/256.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Quantitative trait loci; Plant diseases; Sheath blight; Grain; Chromosome 1; Simple sequence repeats; Correlation analysis; Genetic crosses; Crops; Gene mapping; marker-assisted selection; Oryza sativa DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2008.03.0124 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics in an Eastern Corn Belt Soil: Nitrogen Source and Rotation AN - 20318359; 8932724 AB - Soil C sequestration may mitigate increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations. This study was conducted to assess chemical and physical fractions of total organic C (TOC) and total N (TN) as affected by land use, N fertilizer source, and rotation. Particulate organic matter (POM) and non- hydrolyzable C (NHC) fractions were measured in Drummer (fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Endoaquoll) silty clay loam and Raub (fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Aquic Argiudoll) silt loam soil series during two growing seasons. Agroecosystems evaluated were continuous corn (Zea mays L.) (CC) and corn grown in rotation with soybean [Glycine max. (L.) Merr.] (CS) both with urea-ammonium nitrate (UAN), CC with either spring or fall liquid swine manure (CCSM and CCFM, respectively), soybean in rotation with CSUAN (SC), and restored prairie grass (PG). In general, CCFM exhibited the largest soil C and N pools. In corn-soybean rotations, the TOC declined roughly 10% following SC but increased a comparable amount following CSUAN. The 2-yr corn-soybean rotation (SC and CSUAN) had a similar overall effect as CCUAN on TOC (ranging from 22 to 24 g C kg super(-1) soil). When compared with CCUAN, PG soils were enriched in TOC, fine POM-C and NHC but not in N pools, reflecting soil C and N dynamics dominated by fine root turnover without fertilization and tillage. Comparison of soil C pools between treatments that differed in TOC revealed that newly sequestered C was preferentially allocated into POM supporting this fraction as an indicator of management effect on C sequestration. JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Hernandez-Ramirez, Guillermo AU - Brouder, Sylvie M AU - Smith, Douglas R AU - Van Scoyoc, George E AD - USDA-ARS, National Soil Tilth Laboratory, Ames, IA 50011-3120, sbrouder@purdue.edu Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 128 EP - 137 PB - Soil Science Society of America VL - 73 IS - 1 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - crop rotation KW - Animal wastes KW - Clay KW - Nitrates KW - Grasses KW - prairies KW - silt KW - Particulates KW - Glycine max KW - Land use KW - corn KW - Soil KW - Carbon sequestration KW - Fertilizers KW - loam KW - fertilization KW - Zea mays KW - Total organic carbon KW - Water springs KW - tillage KW - soybeans KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20318359?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=Carbon+and+Nitrogen+Dynamics+in+an+Eastern+Corn+Belt+Soil%3A+Nitrogen+Source+and+Rotation&rft.au=Hernandez-Ramirez%2C+Guillermo%3BBrouder%2C+Sylvie+M%3BSmith%2C+Douglas+R%3BVan+Scoyoc%2C+George+E&rft.aulast=Hernandez-Ramirez&rft.aufirst=Guillermo&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=128&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fsssaj2007.0381 L2 - http://soil.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/73/1/128.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - crop rotation; Clay; Animal wastes; Nitrates; Grasses; prairies; silt; Particulates; corn; Land use; Soil; Carbon sequestration; Fertilizers; fertilization; loam; Total organic carbon; Water springs; tillage; soybeans; Zea mays; Glycine max DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2007.0381 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cattle Gain and Crop Yield for a Dryland Wheat-Sorghum-Fallow Rotation AN - 20317950; 8932624 AB - Increasing pumping costs and declining well capacities in the U.S. Southern High Plains have led to greater reliance on less productive and inherently riskier dryland cropping systems. Dryland wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] are typically grown in a 3-yr wheat-sorghum-fallow (WSF) rotation that may be intensified by integrating cattle (Bos taurus) grazing. Suitability of grazing dryland crops in the WSF rotation has not been evaluated. Our objectives were to quantify (i) cattle gain during limited grazing of dryland wheat and sorghum stover, and (ii) grazing effects on the growth and yield of the grazed wheat and subsequent sorghum crop. We established, concurrently, all WSF rotation phases in duplicate ungrazed and grazed plots in three replicated paddocks on a gently sloping Pullman silty clay loam (fine, mixed, superactive, thermic Torrertic Paleustoll) at the USDA-ARS, Conservation and Production Research Laboratory, Bushland, TX (35 degree 11' N, 102 degree 5' W). Cattle gain, fallow soil water storage, and the growth and yield of wheat and subsequent grain sorghum were compared from 2000 to 2007 within a randomized complete block. Dryland wheat was grazed an average of 31 d during 7 of 8 test years by cattle stocked at 1.7 Mg ha super(-1) and produced a mean gain of 123 kg ha super(-1). Wheat grain yield averaged 1.72 Mg ha super(-1) without grazing and was not different from the 1.57 Mg ha super(-1) grain yield with grazing. Grazing decreased wheat straw yield, but subsequent soil water storage was unaffected. Sorghum grain yields of 2.26 Mg ha super(-1) in ungrazed plots were not different from grazed plots averaging 2.20 Mg ha super(-1). Overall productivity of the WSF cropping system was increased using limited grazing of dryland wheat forage and sorghum stover with no significant reduction in wheat or sorghum grain yields. JF - Agronomy Journal AU - Baumhardt, R L AU - Schwartz, R C AU - Greene, L W AU - MacDonald, J C AD - USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Conservation and Production Research Laboratory, P.O. Drawer 10, Bushland, TX 79012-0010, r.louis.baumhardt@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 150 EP - 158 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 South Segoe Rd Madison WI 53711 USA VL - 101 IS - 1 SN - 0002-1962, 0002-1962 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - wheat KW - Clay KW - grazing KW - crop yield KW - fallow land KW - Bos taurus KW - Crops KW - agronomy KW - Sorghum bicolor KW - Storage KW - Soil KW - Triticum aestivum KW - USA KW - Cattle KW - loam KW - USA, Southern High Plains KW - forage KW - Conservation KW - plains KW - Sorghum KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20317950?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agronomy+Journal&rft.atitle=Cattle+Gain+and+Crop+Yield+for+a+Dryland+Wheat-Sorghum-Fallow+Rotation&rft.au=Baumhardt%2C+R+L%3BSchwartz%2C+R+C%3BGreene%2C+L+W%3BMacDonald%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Baumhardt&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=150&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agronomy+Journal&rft.issn=00021962&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fagronj2008.0098 L2 - http://agron.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/101/1/150.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - wheat; Clay; grazing; fallow land; crop yield; Crops; agronomy; Soil; Storage; Cattle; loam; forage; Conservation; plains; Sorghum bicolor; Triticum aestivum; Bos taurus; Sorghum; USA; USA, Southern High Plains DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj2008.0098 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - How Management of Grass Hedges Affects their Erosion Reduction Potential AN - 20300564; 8932739 AB - Grass hedges are specialized vegetative buffers effective in trapping sediment. Information is needed on how the effectiveness of grass hedges changes over time after planting, and in response to hedge clipping management. Erosion from natural rainfall was measured during 13 yr after establishing single-row (eventually growing to be 1 m wide) miscanthus (Miscanthus sinensis Andersson) hedges at the lower end of erosion plots (21 m long, 5% slope) in a replicated study involving conventional tillage (CT) and no-till (NT) cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) grown on silt loam soils (Typic Fragiudalfs) in Holly Springs, MS. Sediment yield values from plots with and without grass hedges were analyzed with reference to the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) to determine the conservation support practice ("P" factor) for sediment yield, which is the fractional reduction in sediment yield due to the presence of the grass hedge. The "P" factor of grass hedges was found to be about 0.5 in the establishment year and to decrease progressively with time for CT cotton. The "P" factor for grass hedges averaged 0.23 for CT wide-row cotton and 0.12 for ultra narrow row (UNR) cotton studied with older hedges. "P" factors for NT were higher, averaging 0.5 for wide-row cotton and 0.65 for UNR cotton, perhaps reflecting a finer eroded sediment size distribution. Comparison of several methods of estimating hedge effectiveness showed that while observed monthly rainfall effects on soil erosion were not fully explained by the EI30 term used in RUSLE, fitting more complex statistical models to the data did not appreciably alter estimates of fractional sediment yield reduction due to grass hedges. The results of this study demonstrated that during extreme events, hedge effectiveness was enhanced ("P" was lowered) by management that allowed accumulation of hedge clippings upslope of the hedges. However, for freshly tilled conditions, "P" values for 7-yr old hedges varied from 0.2 for monthly rainfall = 100 mm to 0.35 for monthly rainfall = 400 mm even when all residues were removed. JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Dabney, Seth M AU - McGregor, K C AU - Wilson, G V AU - Cullum, R F AD - USDA-ARS, P.O. Box 1157, Oxford, MS 38655, seth.dabney@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 241 EP - 254 PB - Soil Science Society of America VL - 73 IS - 1 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Sediment pollution KW - Cotton KW - Mathematical models KW - Residues KW - Grasses KW - Rainfall KW - buffers KW - planting KW - silt KW - no-till cropping KW - Gossypium hirsutum KW - Soil KW - Erosion KW - loam KW - Miscanthus sinensis KW - Water springs KW - Conservation KW - tillage KW - Miscanthus KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20300564?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=How+Management+of+Grass+Hedges+Affects+their+Erosion+Reduction+Potential&rft.au=Dabney%2C+Seth+M%3BMcGregor%2C+K+C%3BWilson%2C+G+V%3BCullum%2C+R+F&rft.aulast=Dabney&rft.aufirst=Seth&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=241&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fsssaj2007.0434 L2 - http://soil.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/73/1/241.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sediment pollution; Mathematical models; Cotton; Residues; Grasses; buffers; Rainfall; planting; silt; no-till cropping; Soil; Erosion; loam; Conservation; Water springs; tillage; Miscanthus sinensis; Miscanthus; Gossypium hirsutum DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2007.0434 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Organic Matter and Water Stability of Field Aggregates Affected by Tillage in South Dakota AN - 20298797; 8932733 AB - Tillage has been associated with soil organic matter (SOM) decline. A case study of two adjacent farms was conducted in eastern South Dakota. One farm used no-till (NT) and the other used chisel tillage (CT). We hypothesized that soil under NT, compared with tillage, would have both greater quantity and greater quality of SOM and that this improved SOM condition would result in increased water stable aggregation (WSA). A rotary sieve was used to sort dry field aggregates into six size groups: 19 mm. Water stable aggregation, soil organic C (SOC), N, glomalin, and basidiomycete fungi were measured. Fine particulate soil organic matter (fPOM, 0.5-0.053 mm) and coarse particulate organic matter (2.0-0.5 mm) were isolated by sieving. Quantitative solid-state super(13)C nuclear magnetic resonance was used to determine C type in humic acid, humin, and whole soil. The fPOM/SOM ratio was greatest in <0.4-mm aggregates and 24% greater in NT than CT. Soil organic C was greatest in 0.8- to 2.0-mm aggregates and 11% greater in NT than CT. Average WSA was 63% greater under NT than under CT. Aggregate wettability was less under NT than CT. Slower water uptake under NT might be attributed to a greater abundance of wax-type C under NT than under CT. We conclude that NT, compared with CT, resulted in better SOM quality during the course of 10 yr. Improved SOM quality was related to improved WSA. JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Pikul, Joseph LJr AU - Chilom, Gabriela AU - Rice, James AU - Eynard, Anna AU - Schumacher, Thomas E AU - Nichols, Kristine AU - Johnson, Jane MF AU - Wright, Sara AU - Caesar, TheCan AU - Ellsbury, Michael AD - USDA-ARS, North Central Agricultural Research Lab., 2923 Medary Ave., Brookings, SD 57006, joseph.pikul@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 197 EP - 206 PB - Soil Science Society of America VL - 73 IS - 1 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Farms KW - Abundance KW - Particulates KW - no-till cropping KW - Wettability KW - Soil KW - Water uptake KW - Organic Matter KW - Basidiomycetes KW - farms KW - Absorption KW - N.M.R. KW - NMR KW - USA, South Dakota KW - Case Studies KW - Organic matter KW - Fungi KW - Soils (organic) KW - Humic Acids KW - Soil Organic Matter KW - Aggregates KW - case studies KW - water uptake KW - Particulate organic matter KW - Humic acids KW - Tillage KW - tillage KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0845:Water in soils KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - K 03320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20298797?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=Organic+Matter+and+Water+Stability+of+Field+Aggregates+Affected+by+Tillage+in+South+Dakota&rft.au=Pikul%2C+Joseph+LJr%3BChilom%2C+Gabriela%3BRice%2C+James%3BEynard%2C+Anna%3BSchumacher%2C+Thomas+E%3BNichols%2C+Kristine%3BJohnson%2C+Jane+MF%3BWright%2C+Sara%3BCaesar%2C+TheCan%3BEllsbury%2C+Michael&rft.aulast=Pikul&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=197&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fsssaj2007.0184 L2 - http://soil.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/73/1/197.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Water uptake; Soil; Farms; Particulate organic matter; Humic acids; Fungi; Organic matter; Tillage; Abundance; N.M.R.; Soils (organic); case studies; water uptake; farms; NMR; no-till cropping; Particulates; tillage; Organic Matter; Case Studies; Absorption; Humic Acids; Wettability; Soil Organic Matter; Aggregates; Basidiomycetes; USA, South Dakota DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2007.0184 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tagging and Mapping Pse-1 Gene for Resistance to Halo Blight in Common Bean Differential Cultivar UI-3 AN - 20290452; 8932713 AB - Halo blight [caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola (Burkh.) Young et al. (Psp)] is a serious seed-borne bacterial disease of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). A few resistance (R) genes and quantitative trait loci provide control to one or more races of the pathogen. To better understand monogenic resistance and improve breeding efficiency, we sought to tag and map a gene (Pse-1) in host differential cultivar UI-3 (previously named 'Red Mexican UI-3') that provides resistance to races 1, 5, 7, and 9 of Psp. Cosegregation for resistance to races 1, 5, 7, and 9, in a recombinant inbred population, 'Canadian Wonder'/UI-3 (CU), confirmed the effect of Pse-1 against multiple races of the pathogen. Bulked-segregant analysis in the CU population identified six random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers tightly linked (0-3.3 cM) to Pse-1. Three of the RAPDs completely linked with Pse-1 in the CU population were converted to sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers SH11.800, SR13.1150, and ST8.1350. The linked markers were used to integrate Pse-1 to linkage group B10 of the core map. Allelism tests (F sub(2)) confirmed relationships of Pse-1 and Pse-4 derived from UI-3 with R genes in the other host differential cultivars. A survey of advanced lines and cultivars revealed that the SCAR markers generated in this study will have utility for marker- assisted selection of Pse-1 in germplasm from the Andean gene pool (e.g., kidney, calima) and from race Mesoamerican within the Middle American gene pool (black, carioca). JF - Crop Science AU - Miklas, Phillip N AU - Fourie, Deidre AU - Wagner, Jennifer AU - Larsen, Richard C AU - Mienie, Charlotte MS AD - USDA-ARS, Vegetable and Forage Crop Research Unit, 24106 N. Bunn Rd., Prosser, WA 99350, phil.miklas@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 41 EP - 48 PB - Crop Science Society of America, 677 S. Segoe Rd. Madison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.crops.org] VL - 49 IS - 1 SN - 0011-183X, 0011-183X KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Genetics Abstracts KW - Quantitative trait loci KW - Crop KW - Gene pool KW - Plant breeding KW - Halo blight KW - Pathogens KW - Random amplified polymorphic DNA KW - Beans KW - Germplasm KW - Kidney KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Phaseolus vulgaris KW - Pseudomonas syringae KW - Races KW - Gene mapping KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20290452?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Crop+Science&rft.atitle=Tagging+and+Mapping+Pse-1+Gene+for+Resistance+to+Halo+Blight+in+Common+Bean+Differential+Cultivar+UI-3&rft.au=Miklas%2C+Phillip+N%3BFourie%2C+Deidre%3BWagner%2C+Jennifer%3BLarsen%2C+Richard+C%3BMienie%2C+Charlotte+MS&rft.aulast=Miklas&rft.aufirst=Phillip&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=41&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Crop+Science&rft.issn=0011183X&rft_id=info:doi/10.2135%2Fcropsci2008.03.0145 L2 - http://crop.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/49/1/41.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Quantitative trait loci; Crop; Gene pool; Plant breeding; Halo blight; Pathogens; Random amplified polymorphic DNA; Beans; Germplasm; Kidney; Polymerase chain reaction; Races; Gene mapping; Phaseolus vulgaris; Pseudomonas syringae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2008.03.0145 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Kinetic Distribution of 14C-Metsulfuron-methyl Residues in Paddy Soils under Different Moisture Conditions AN - 20290291; 8932656 AB - Rice paddy soils undergo several cycles of drying and wetting during a growing season. A laboratory study was conducted to determine the effect of soil moisture conditions on the distribution and kinetics of extractable and bound residues of super(14)C-metsulfuron-methyl in six Chinese paddy soils during 84 d of incubation at 15C with moisture contents varying from 20 to 50% of the field water-holding capacity. The amount of extractable residues consistently increased and bound residues decreased with increasing soil moisture content. At the end of the incubation experiments, extractable residues and bound residues accounted for 34.5 to 84.4% and 11.6 to 53.3% of applied radioactivity in soils, respectively. Soil pH and soil microbial biomass carbon were the most predominant factors affecting the formation and relative distribution of herbicide residues between extractable and bound residue forms. In high-pH soils, bound residues decreased and extractable residues increased, suggesting an increased leaching risk for metsulfuron- methyl in alkaline soils. High precipitation rates, along with the common practice of liming in southeastern China, may lead to enhanced herbicide leaching as well as phytotoxicity to rotation plants and should be considered in overall pest management practices. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Wang, H Z AU - Gan, J AU - Zhang, J B AU - Xu, J M AU - Yates AU - Wu, J J AU - Ye, Q F AD - Inst. of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Univ., Hangzhou 310029, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab. of Subtropical Soil and Plant Nutrition, Hangzhou 310029, China; Dep. of Environmental Sciences, Univ. of California, Riverside, CA 92521; USDA-ARS, Salinity Lab., Riverside, CA 92507, jmxu@zju.edu.cn Y1 - 2009///0, PY - 2009 DA - 0, 2009 SP - 164 EP - 170 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 South Segoe Rd Madison WI 53711 USA VL - 38 IS - 1 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts KW - Environmental Quality KW - Incubation KW - Soil Water KW - Herbicide residues KW - Environmental factors KW - Soil KW - Carbon KW - Rice fields KW - Rice field aquaculture KW - Radioactivity KW - alkaline soils KW - pH KW - Leaching KW - Residues KW - Oryza sativa KW - Liming KW - Drying KW - Herbicides KW - Pest control KW - Biomass KW - Water content KW - Dominant species KW - Kinetics KW - Moisture Content KW - Phytotoxicity KW - China, People's Rep. KW - Capacity KW - Soil moisture KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - Q3 08587:Diseases of Cultured Organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20290291?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Kinetic+Distribution+of+14C-Metsulfuron-methyl+Residues+in+Paddy+Soils+under+Different+Moisture+Conditions&rft.au=Wang%2C+H+Z%3BGan%2C+J%3BZhang%2C+J+B%3BXu%2C+J+M%3BYates%3BWu%2C+J+J%3BYe%2C+Q+F&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=164&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fjeq2007.0607 L2 - http://jeq.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/38/1/164.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Dominant species; Leaching; Rice field aquaculture; Environmental Quality; Drying; Pest control; Herbicides; Radioactivity; Water content; Environmental factors; Residues; Liming; Biomass; Herbicide residues; Soil; Rice fields; Kinetics; Phytotoxicity; Soil moisture; alkaline soils; pH; Carbon; Incubation; Moisture Content; Capacity; Soil Water; Oryza sativa; China, People's Rep. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2007.0607 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil Test Nutrient Changes Induced by Poultry Litter under Conventional Tillage and No-Tillage AN - 20288714; 8932728 AB - Poultry litter (PL) can supply N, P, K, and other plant nutrients; however, excessive application may cause environmental problems, depending on management and crop nutrient demand. Changes in soil test (ST) nutrient content in a Cecil soil (a fine, kaolinitic, thermic Typic Kanhapludult) during a 10-yr period of PL use was evaluated at the USDA-ARS J. Phil Campbell, Sr., Natural Resource Conservation Center, Watkinsville, GA. During the cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cropping phase (1995-2000), 4.4 Mg PL ha super(-1) yr super(-1) resulted in small changes in ST nutrient content in the surface 15 cm. Differences were observed between tillage treatments, with less accumulation of Ca, Mg, and Mn and greater accumulation of Zn for no- till (NT) than conventional tillage (CT). During the corn (Zea mays L.) cropping phase (2001-2005), average annual PL inputs (11.2 Mg ha super(-1)) increased P and Zn contents, with changes being similar for CT and NT. After 10 yr, ST nutrient contents in the surface 15 cm reflected 25, 4, 45, 26, 17, and 97% of the input from PL for P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, and Zn, respectively. Changes in soil profile nutrient content (to a depth of 60 cm) from 1997 to 2005 were predominantly at 0 to 15 cm, where P and Zn increased >200%. Accumulation of Ca, K, P, and Zn at lower depths was also observed. Strategies for increasing nutrient removal following repeated long-term application of PL should be considered to avoid excessive levels of nutrients. JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Schomberg, Harry H AU - Endale, Dinku M AU - Jenkins, Michael B AU - Sharpe, Ron R AU - Fisher, Dwight S AU - Cabrera, Miguel L AU - McCracken, Dan V AD - USDA-ARS Natural Resource Conserv. Center, 1420 Experiment Station Rd., Watkinsville, GA 30677-2373, harry.schomberg@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 154 EP - 163 PB - Soil Science Society of America VL - 73 IS - 1 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Litter KW - Cotton KW - poultry KW - no-till cropping KW - Crops KW - corn KW - Gossypium hirsutum KW - nutrient content KW - USA, Georgia, Watkinsville KW - Soil KW - Zea mays KW - Natural resources KW - Conservation KW - tillage KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20288714?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=Soil+Test+Nutrient+Changes+Induced+by+Poultry+Litter+under+Conventional+Tillage+and+No-Tillage&rft.au=Schomberg%2C+Harry+H%3BEndale%2C+Dinku+M%3BJenkins%2C+Michael+B%3BSharpe%2C+Ron+R%3BFisher%2C+Dwight+S%3BCabrera%2C+Miguel+L%3BMcCracken%2C+Dan+V&rft.aulast=Schomberg&rft.aufirst=Harry&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=154&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fsssaj2007.0431 L2 - http://soil.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/73/1/154.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Litter; Cotton; poultry; Natural resources; Conservation; no-till cropping; tillage; corn; Crops; nutrient content; Zea mays; Gossypium hirsutum; USA, Georgia, Watkinsville DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2007.0431 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tillage Effects on Microbial and Carbon Dynamics during Plant Residue Decomposition AN - 20288008; 8932726 AB - One goal of soil C sequestration is to increase the mass of C stored in agricultural soils. Reducing soil disturbance, e.g., no-till management, facilitates soil fungal growth and results in higher C sequestration rates; however, the specific mechanisms associated with short-term plant residue C and N retention are less clear. We applied super(13)C- and super(15)N-enriched grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] residue to no-till (NT) and conventional tillage (CT) soils, and measured the super(13)C and super(15)N retention in the soil and in aggregate fractions, along with soil microbial dynamics, during a growing season. The added plant residue mineralized rapidly in both tillage systems, with similar decomposition kinetics, as indicated by super(13)C data. Mass balance calculations indicated that approximately 70% of the added super(13)C was mineralized to CO sub(2) by 40 d. Total Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria and fungal phospholipid fatty acids were higher under NT 0 to 5 cm during the most active period of residue mineralization compared with the CT 0- to 5- or 5- to 15-cm depths. No changes were observed in the NT 5- to 15-cm depth. The >1000-km aggregate size class retained the most super(13)C, regardless of tillage. The NT >1000-km aggregates retained more super(15)N at the end of the experiment than other NT and CT aggregates size classes. Data obtained indicate higher biological activity associated with NT soils than under CT, and increased retention of plant residue C and N in macroaggregates. JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - White, Paul M AU - Rice, Charles W AD - Dep. of Agronomy, Kansas State Univ., Manhattan, KS 66506, Paul.White@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 138 EP - 145 PB - Soil Science Society of America VL - 73 IS - 1 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - no-till cropping KW - Mineralization KW - Decomposition KW - Sorghum bicolor KW - Soil KW - Carbon sequestration KW - Carbon KW - Gram-negative bacteria KW - Sorghum KW - Phospholipids KW - disturbance KW - Data processing KW - Residues KW - agricultural land KW - Tillage KW - Kinetics KW - Fatty acids KW - Grain KW - tillage KW - Carbon dioxide KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - J 02320:Cell Biology KW - A 01320:Microbial Degradation KW - K 03320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20288008?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=Tillage+Effects+on+Microbial+and+Carbon+Dynamics+during+Plant+Residue+Decomposition&rft.au=White%2C+Paul+M%3BRice%2C+Charles+W&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=138&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fsssaj2007.0384 L2 - http://soil.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/73/1/138.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Carbon; Data processing; Kinetics; Gram-negative bacteria; Tillage; Grain; Fatty acids; Mineralization; Carbon dioxide; Decomposition; Phospholipids; Carbon sequestration; disturbance; Residues; agricultural land; no-till cropping; tillage; Sorghum bicolor; Sorghum DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2007.0384 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rainfall Simulation in Greenhouse Microcosms to Assess Bacterial- Associated Runoff from Land-Applied Poultry Litter AN - 20287847; 8932662 AB - Runoff water following a rain event is one possible source of environmental contamination after a manure application. This greenhouse study used a rainfall simulator to determine bacterial-associated runoff from troughs of common bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] that were treated with P-based, N-based, and N plus lime rates of poultry (Gallus gallus) litter, recommended inorganic fertilizer, and control. Total heterotrophic plate count (HPC) bacteria, total and thermotolerant coliforms, enterococci, staphylococci, Clostridium perfringens, Salmonella, and Campylobacter, as well as antibiotic resistance profiles for the staphylococci and enterococci isolates were all monitored in runoff waters. Analysis following five rainfall events indicated that staphylococci, enterococci, and clostridia levels were related to manure application rate. Runoff release of staphylococci, enterococci, and C. perfringens were approximately 3 to 6 log sub(10) greater in litter vs. control treatment. In addition, traditional indicators such as thermotolerant and total coliforms performed poorly as fecal indicators. Some isolated enterococci demonstrated increased antibiotic resistance to polymixin b and/or select aminoglyocosides, while many staphylococci were susceptible to most antimicrobials tested. Results indicated poultry litter application can lead to microbial runoff following simulated rain events. Future studies should focus on the use of staphylococci, enterococci, and C. perfringens as indicators. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Brooks, John P AU - Adeli, Ardeshir AU - Read, John J AU - McLaughlin, Michael R AD - USDA-ARS, Waste Management and Forage Research Unit, P.O. Box 5367, Mississippi State, MS 39762, john.brooks@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009///0, PY - 2009 DA - 0, 2009 SP - 218 EP - 229 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 South Segoe Rd Madison WI 53711 USA VL - 38 IS - 1 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Poultry KW - Manure KW - poultry KW - Contamination KW - Rainfall KW - Anadromous species KW - Indicators KW - Antibiotics KW - Land application KW - Rainfall simulators KW - Fertilizers KW - Resistance KW - Microcosms KW - Antibiotic resistance KW - Litter KW - Rainfall runoff KW - Gallus gallus KW - Greenhouses KW - Control resistance KW - Numerical simulations KW - Environmental quality KW - Runoff KW - Simulators KW - antibiotic resistance KW - Cynodon dactylon KW - greenhouses KW - Bacteria KW - Fecal coliforms KW - Coliforms KW - Animal wastes KW - Clostridium perfringens KW - Campylobacter KW - Simulation KW - Lime KW - Agrochemicals KW - Antimicrobial agents KW - microcosms KW - Rain KW - Salmonella KW - Troughs KW - antimicrobial agents KW - J 02410:Animal Diseases KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes KW - M2 551.578.1:Liquid (551.578.1) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20287847?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Rainfall+Simulation+in+Greenhouse+Microcosms+to+Assess+Bacterial-+Associated+Runoff+from+Land-Applied+Poultry+Litter&rft.au=Brooks%2C+John+P%3BAdeli%2C+Ardeshir%3BRead%2C+John+J%3BMcLaughlin%2C+Michael+R&rft.aulast=Brooks&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=218&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fjeq2008.0029 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fertilizers; Litter; Manure; Simulators; Anadromous species; Rainfall; Microcosms; Runoff; Control resistance; Poultry; Coliforms; Contamination; Antimicrobial agents; Greenhouses; Environmental quality; Rain; Antibiotic resistance; Rainfall simulators; Numerical simulations; Rainfall runoff; Troughs; Fecal coliforms; Animal wastes; poultry; antibiotic resistance; Simulation; Agrochemicals; Land application; Lime; microcosms; greenhouses; antimicrobial agents; Resistance; Indicators; Antibiotics; Bacteria; Gallus gallus; Cynodon dactylon; Clostridium perfringens; Campylobacter; Salmonella DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2008.0029 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Animal and Pasture Productivity of 'Coastal' and 'Tifton 44' Bermudagrass at Three Nitrogen Rates and Associated Soil Nitrogen Status AN - 20287798; 8932638 AB - 'Coastal' and 'Tifton 44' (T44) bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] are well adapted across the lower southern United States, but the grazing response of (T44) to N application in the Piedmont of the upper South warrants further evaluation. This 3-yr experiment compared animal and pasture productivity of Coastal and T44 with three annual N rates of 101, 202, and 303 kg of N ha super(-1) on a Cecil clay loam (fine, kaolinitic thermic Typic Kanhapludult) soil typical of the Piedmont. Herbage mass differed for Coastal and T44 (3.5 and 3.0 Mg ha super(-1) respectively, P < 0.01), but not among N rates. The canopy of T44 was leafier (20.6 vs. 14.5% of dry matter) than Coastal and greater for in vitro true organic matter disappearance (IVTOD) (522 vs. 498 g kg super(-1)) and CP (107 vs. 84 g kg super(-1)) and lesser in NDF (596 vs. 605 g kg super(-1)). The diet selected from T44 was greater in IVTOD (764 vs. 743 g kg super(-1)) and lesser in NDF (596 vs. 605 g kg super(-1)) giving greater steer average daily gain (0.63 kg vs. 0.57 kg; P < 0.01) which increased (P = 0.05) with N rate. Weight gain ha super(-1) (884 kg) and effective feed units (EFU) (4735 kg ha super(-1)) were similar, and N rate linearly increased gain from 723 to 1073 kg ha super(-1) and EFU from 3978 to 5523 kg ha super(-1). Soil inorganic N was similar between cultivars but differed among soil depths. Tifton 44 pasture was greater in nutritive value, hence steer performance, and as productive as Coastal in the Piedmont. JF - Agronomy Journal AU - Burns, J C AU - Wagger, M G AU - Fisher, D S AD - USDA-ARS and Dep. Crop Science and Dep. Animal Science, North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC 27695, Joe.Burns@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 32 EP - 40 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 South Segoe Rd Madison WI 53711 USA VL - 101 IS - 1 SN - 0002-1962, 0002-1962 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Evaluation KW - Diets KW - USA KW - Grazing KW - Bermudagrass KW - Pastures KW - Productivity KW - Clay Loam KW - Canopy KW - Nitrogen KW - SW 0540:Properties of water UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20287798?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agronomy+Journal&rft.atitle=Animal+and+Pasture+Productivity+of+%27Coastal%27+and+%27Tifton+44%27+Bermudagrass+at+Three+Nitrogen+Rates+and+Associated+Soil+Nitrogen+Status&rft.au=Burns%2C+J+C%3BWagger%2C+M+G%3BFisher%2C+D+S&rft.aulast=Burns&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=32&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agronomy+Journal&rft.issn=00021962&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fagronj2008.0006x L2 - http://agron.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/101/1/32.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diets; Evaluation; Grazing; Bermudagrass; Pastures; Clay Loam; Productivity; Canopy; Nitrogen; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj2008.0006x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recovery of Salmonella from Bermudagrass Exposed to Simulated Wastewater AN - 20286657; 8932675 AB - Most confined swine (Sus scrofa) feeding operations in the southeastern United States hold manure in lagoons and apply effluent on bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] as fertilizer. Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica (ex Kauffman and Edwards) le Minor and Popoff, has been reported in Mississippi lagoons, but levels and potential for contamination of bermudagrass were unknown. A laboratory method was developed to examine Salmonella contamination of bermudagrass and levels of Salmonella were determined in lagoons. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) worst case water was used to simulate effluent in exposing bermudagrass to Salmonella. Exposed leaves were washed and bacteria enumerated. Contamination of leaves exposed to 10 super(6) cfu mL super(-1) varied from 0 to 10 super(4) cfu per leaf within and among eight bermudagrass cultivars and five Salmonella isolates. No differences (P < 0.05) occurred between cultivars (n = 20) or isolates (n = 10). Data fitted (R super(2) = 0.93) to a contamination equation (y = 5 x 10 super(-6)x super(6.623)) described the relationship between levels (Log sub(10) cfu mL super(-1)) of exposure (x) and contamination (y). In fall 2007 Salmonella levels from six lagoons ranged from 1.9 to 2.8 log sub(10) MPN 100 mL super(-1) and were below the threshold for contamination predicted by the equation. These preliminary results must be tested with effluents in the field, but considered alongside work of others, which report lagoon Salmonella levels to be highest in fall, suggest that Salmonella levels in effluents from these lagoons may be too low to produce measurable contamination on bermudagrass. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - McLaughlin, Michael R AU - Brooks, John P AD - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Genetics and Precision Agriculture Research Unit, P.O. Box 5367, Mississippi State, MS 39762. Journal article no. J-11238 of the Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station. Mention of a trade name, proprietary product, or specific equipment does not constitute a guarantee or warranty by the USDA and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products that may be suitable. This work was prepared by employees of the U.S. Government as part of their official duties and is in the public domain and may be used without permission, mike.mclaughlin@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 337 EP - 342 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 South Segoe Rd Madison WI 53711 USA VL - 38 IS - 1 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Manure KW - Sus scrofa KW - Contamination KW - USA, Southeast KW - Lagoons KW - Fertilizers KW - Laboratory methods KW - Cynodon dactylon KW - Barn Wastewater KW - Feeding KW - Animal wastes KW - Mathematical models KW - Data processing KW - Leaves KW - Toxicity KW - Effluents KW - Agrochemicals KW - EPA KW - Salmonella enterica KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Colony-forming cells KW - Bermudagrass KW - USA, Mississippi KW - cultivars KW - Environmental quality KW - Waste water KW - Salmonella KW - Wastewater KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20286657?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Recovery+of+Salmonella+from+Bermudagrass+Exposed+to+Simulated+Wastewater&rft.au=McLaughlin%2C+Michael+R%3BBrooks%2C+John+P&rft.aulast=McLaughlin&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=337&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fjeq2008.0017 L2 - http://jeq.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/38/1/337.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Feeding; Fertilizers; Manure; Data processing; Mathematical models; Contamination; Colony-forming cells; Leaves; Environmental quality; Waste water; Effluents; Lagoons; EPA; Animal wastes; Laboratory methods; cultivars; Agrochemicals; Wastewater; Barn Wastewater; Water Pollution Effects; Bermudagrass; Toxicity; Salmonella; Sus scrofa; Salmonella enterica; Cynodon dactylon; USA, Mississippi; USA, Southeast DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2008.0017 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methods for Creating Stomatal Impressions Directly onto Archivable Slides AN - 20286647; 8932635 AB - Stomatal density has been shown to be a primary determinant of crop yield, water use efficiency, and limitation to CO sub(2) assimilation rate. Widely used methods of assessing stomatal density sample relatively small regions of the leaf, are labor intensive, or do not yield stable archivable samples for revisiting samples. We describe several methods of producing such epidermal impressions that yield samples large enough to generate stomatal density maps across entire leaf surfaces. JF - Agronomy Journal AU - Gitz, Dennis C AU - Baker, Jeffrey T AD - USDA-ARS, 3810 4th Street, Lubbock, TX 79415-3397, dennis.gitz@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 232 EP - 236 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 South Segoe Rd Madison WI 53711 USA VL - 101 IS - 1 SN - 0002-1962, 0002-1962 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Agronomy KW - water use KW - Water Use Efficiency KW - Density KW - crop yield KW - Maps KW - Labor KW - Crop Yield KW - agronomy KW - Yield KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - SW 0810:General KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20286647?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agronomy+Journal&rft.atitle=Methods+for+Creating+Stomatal+Impressions+Directly+onto+Archivable+Slides&rft.au=Gitz%2C+Dennis+C%3BBaker%2C+Jeffrey+T&rft.aulast=Gitz&rft.aufirst=Dennis&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=232&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agronomy+Journal&rft.issn=00021962&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fagronj2008.0143N L2 - http://agron.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/101/1/232.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water use; crop yield; Carbon dioxide; agronomy; Agronomy; Yield; Water Use Efficiency; Density; Maps; Labor; Carbon Dioxide; Crop Yield DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj2008.0143N ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of Loblolly Pine Root Pruning on Alley Cropped Herbage Production and Tree Growth AN - 20286568; 8932629 AB - Tillage to disrupt (prune) tree roots is an intensive practice which could improve herbage productivity at the crop-tree interface by reducing competition for water. We compared tillage effects on 9- to 11-yr-old loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) growth and herbage yields of annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) and pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] on a fragipan soil in Arkansas. Alley crops were rotationally grown in a 9.7-m wide alley (main plot) between bordering trees on one of three tillage treatments: control (surface tillage), rip followed by surface tillage, and trench plus root barrier followed by surface tillage. Topsoil water in May through September, herbage mass, and nutritive value were measured for each crop for 2 or 3 yr in three subplots systematically arrayed (north, middle, and south) across the alley. Diameter at breast height (DBH, measured 1.3 m above soil surface) and height of border trees were measured annually. Trenching resulted in a more uniform distribution of topsoil water among subplots compared to the other tillage treatments. Annual ryegrass yield did not show a tillage response, but pearl millet yielded more herbage in the rip (6760 kg ha super(-1) in 2003) and trench (3300 kg ha super(-1) in 2005) than the control treatment (4990 and 1260 kg ha super(-1) for 2003 and 2005, respectively). Ripping and trenching significantly reduced loblolly pine DBH and height compared to the control. Similarly configured alley cropping practices probably have little potential for annual herbage production even with root pruning. JF - Agronomy Journal AU - Burner, D M AU - Pote, D H AU - Belesky, D P AD - Dale Bumpers Small Farms Research Center, USDA-ARS, 6883 S. State Hwy. 23, Booneville, AR 72927, David.Burner@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 184 EP - 192 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 South Segoe Rd Madison WI 53711 USA VL - 101 IS - 1 SN - 0002-1962, 0002-1962 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Trees KW - Pinus taeda KW - Crops KW - agronomy KW - Soil KW - Pennisetum glaucum KW - Growth KW - Lolium multiflorum KW - USA, Arkansas KW - tillage KW - millet KW - competition KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20286568?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agronomy+Journal&rft.atitle=Effect+of+Loblolly+Pine+Root+Pruning+on+Alley+Cropped+Herbage+Production+and+Tree+Growth&rft.au=Burner%2C+D+M%3BPote%2C+D+H%3BBelesky%2C+D+P&rft.aulast=Burner&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=184&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agronomy+Journal&rft.issn=00021962&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fagronj2008.0185 L2 - http://agron.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/101/1/184.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Growth; Trees; tillage; Crops; agronomy; competition; millet; Pennisetum glaucum; Lolium multiflorum; Pinus taeda; USA, Arkansas DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj2008.0185 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A new data assimilation approach for improving runoff prediction using remotely-sensed soil moisture retrievals AN - 20279528; 8931995 AB - A number of recent studies have focused on enhancing runoff prediction via the assimilation of remotely-sensed surface soil moisture retrievals into a hydrologic model. The majority of these approaches have viewed the problem from purely a state or parameter estimation perspective in which remotely- sensed soil moisture estimates are assimilated to improve the characterization of pre-storm soil moisture conditions in a hydrologic model, and consequently, its simulation of runoff response to subsequent rainfall. However, recent work has demonstrated that soil moisture retrievals can also be used to filter errors present in satellite-based rainfall accumulation products. This result implies that soil moisture retrievals have potential benefit for characterizing both antecedent moisture conditions (required to estimate sub-surface flow intensities and subsequent surface runoff efficiencies) and storm-scale rainfall totals (required to estimate the total surface runoff volume). In response, this work presents a new sequential data assimilation system that exploits remotely-sensed surface soil moisture retrievals to simultaneously improve estimates of both pre-storm soil moisture conditions and storm-scale rainfall accumulations. Preliminary testing of the system, via a synthetic twin data assimilation experiment based on the Sacramento hydrologic model and data collected from the Model Parameterization Experiment, suggests that the new approach is more efficient at improving stream flow predictions than data assimilation techniques focusing solely on the constraint of antecedent soil moisture conditions. JF - Hydrology and Earth System Sciences AU - Crow, W T AU - Ryu, D AD - USDA ARS Hydrology and Remote Sensing Laboratory, Beltsville, MD, USA Y1 - 2009///0, PY - 2009 DA - 0, 2009 SP - 1 EP - 16 PB - European Geophysical Society, Max-Planck-Str. 13 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau Germany, [mailto:egs@copernicus.org] VL - 13 IS - 1 SN - 1027-5606, 1027-5606 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Prediction KW - Surface Runoff KW - Rainfall KW - Parameterization KW - Soil Water KW - Data assimilation KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Surface runoff KW - Hydrology KW - Hydrologic Data KW - Hydrologic models KW - USA, California, Sacramento KW - Stream flow KW - Satellite data KW - Numerical simulations KW - Rainfall-runoff modeling KW - Moisture Content KW - Soil moisture KW - Accumulation KW - Runoff KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - M2 556:General (556) KW - Q2 09241:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20279528?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrology+and+Earth+System+Sciences&rft.atitle=A+new+data+assimilation+approach+for+improving+runoff+prediction+using+remotely-sensed+soil+moisture+retrievals&rft.au=Crow%2C+W+T%3BRyu%2C+D&rft.aulast=Crow&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrology+and+Earth+System+Sciences&rft.issn=10275606&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Parameterization; Hydrology; Runoff; Stream flow; Satellite data; Numerical simulations; Surface runoff; Rainfall-runoff modeling; Soil moisture; Data assimilation; Hydrologic models; Prediction; Hydrologic Models; Surface Runoff; Rainfall; Moisture Content; Soil Water; Accumulation; Hydrologic Data; USA, California, Sacramento ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of gene expression patterns during the initiation and maintenance phases of diapause in the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata AN - 20278122; 8871742 AB - Using differential display, 55 differentially regulated transcripts were isolated from the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say). The insert sizes of the clones ranged from 114 to 795bp. Fourteen of the transcripts were confirmed by northern blot analysis to be differentially regulated transcripts with respect to the diapause initiation and maintenance phases. Based on Blast search results, these 14 transcripts were assigned putative identities and placed into four broad categories of proteins: unknown function, defensive, structural/glycine-rich, and digestive. The transcripts were highly expressed for the first 13-15 days postemergence during the diapause initiation and early diapause maintenance phases and were then substantially down-regulated. These down-regulated transcripts were also highly expressed for the first seven days postemergence in nondiapausing adults and their expression became more variable on day 9 or 11 in most individuals examined. The glycine-rich protein transcripts were all down-regulated by day 11 in the nondiapausing adults. A comparison of the transcript expression patterns between diapause initiation phase and nondiapausing adults showed that elevated levels of expression of the glycine-rich transcripts and two transcripts with unknown functions persisted for approximately four days longer in the diapause-programmed beetles. JF - Journal of Insect Physiology AU - Yocum, G D AU - Rinehart, J P AU - Chirumamilla-Chapara, A AU - Larson, M L AD - Biosciences Research Laboratory, 1605 Albrecht Boulevard, Fargo, ND 58105, USA, george.yocum@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 32 EP - 39 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 55 IS - 1 SN - 0022-1910, 0022-1910 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - Gene expression KW - Solanum tuberosum KW - Diapause KW - Blast KW - Leptinotarsa decemlineata KW - Differential display KW - W 30940:Products KW - G 07730:Development & Cell Cycle KW - Z 05330:Reproduction and Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20278122?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Insect+Physiology&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+gene+expression+patterns+during+the+initiation+and+maintenance+phases+of+diapause+in+the+Colorado+potato+beetle%2C+Leptinotarsa+decemlineata&rft.au=Yocum%2C+G+D%3BRinehart%2C+J+P%3BChirumamilla-Chapara%2C+A%3BLarson%2C+M+L&rft.aulast=Yocum&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=32&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Insect+Physiology&rft.issn=00221910&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jinsphys.2008.10.003 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Gene expression; Blast; Diapause; Differential display; Solanum tuberosum; Leptinotarsa decemlineata DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinsphys.2008.10.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Starch-lipid composites in plain set yogurt AN - 20271563; 8914150 AB - SummaryStarch-lipid composites (SLC) were used to replace milk solids in yogurt mixes. The effects of the SLC on the yogurt fermentations and rheology were studied. The rate of fermentation was evaluated by the change of pH during the fermentation of yogurt. The syneresis of yogurt was observed over 3weeks of storage. Small amplitude oscillatory shear flow measurements of the storage modulus, the loss modulus, and the loss tangent were obtained using a vane geometry. Yogurt mixes with milk solids partially replaced by SLC fermented at a similar rate than as with no milk solids replaced. Initial viscosity was higher for yogurt mixes with higher levels of SLC. The higher initial viscosity did not affect the gel structure. The addition of SLC above a level of 3% strengthened the gel and resulted in no syneresis for yogurt samples stored for 3weeks at 4 degree C. JF - International Journal of Food Science and Technology AU - Singh, Mukti AU - Byars, Jeffrey A AD - Cereal Products and Food Science Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 1815 N. University Street, Peoria, IL 61604, USA Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 106 EP - 110 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road VL - 44 SN - 0950-5423, 0950-5423 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Yogurt KW - Rheology KW - Milk KW - Viscosity KW - Fermentation KW - pH effects KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology KW - W 30935:Food Biotechnology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20271563?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Food+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Starch-lipid+composites+in+plain+set+yogurt&rft.au=Singh%2C+Mukti%3BByars%2C+Jeffrey+A&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Mukti&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=&rft.spage=106&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Food+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=09505423&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2621.2007.01661.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Yogurt; Rheology; Viscosity; Milk; Fermentation; pH effects DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2007.01661.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Precipitation variability and primary productivity in water-limited ecosystems: how plants 'leverage' precipitation to 'finance' growth AN - 20269354; 8910696 JF - New Phytologist AU - Fay, Philip A AD - USDA-ARS Grassland Soil and Water Research Laboratory, Temple, TX, philip.fay@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 5 EP - 8 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road VL - 181 SN - 0028-646X, 0028-646X KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Precipitation KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20269354?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Phytologist&rft.atitle=Precipitation+variability+and+primary+productivity+in+water-limited+ecosystems%3A+how+plants+%27leverage%27+precipitation+to+%27finance%27+growth&rft.au=Fay%2C+Philip+A&rft.aulast=Fay&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=181&rft.issue=&rft.spage=5&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=New+Phytologist&rft.issn=0028646X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1469-8137.2008.02695.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Precipitation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02695.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tests of Concepts for Streamflow Sampler Design AN - 20268446; 8878930 AB - Total-load sampling has been a perpetual problem in sediment monitoring. Usually a combination of bed-load sampling devices, suspended load suction samplers, and some kind of flume, for total flow rate, is used. Total-load, sediment-sampler-design concepts that can perform all three of these functions are proposed. The resulting designs would require installation at sites that can provide a step-overfall height about equal to the maximum channel flow depth. The concepts are simple, but appear to have been overlooked or ignored for the past many decades, and are based on a moving conveyor belt that is long and wide, with many slots, all of the same size, onto which the stream to be sampled discharges. All flow drops through the slots, and with equal sized slots each must catch a similar proportion of the total flow. Hence, only one slot needs to be collected. As a practical extension it is proposed to replace the conveyor belt with a rack having several slots that represent a short section of the total conveyor belt that is large enough so that the flow does not notice the missing belt parts. This rack is then traversed back and forth on a track through the falling nappe. Laboratory tests of this proposed sampling-assembly rack indicated that the number of the required slots is related to the channel depth and the sum of the slot openings. When the rack is composed of sufficient slots so that the slot-width sum is more than half the channel overfall depth, the system undersampled from 0 to 2% but when there are insufficient slots whose sum represents less than one-third of the overfall depth, the system undersampled by over 8%. The concepts are extended to the condition with a stopped belt where several sampling-slot groups are equally spaced beneath the overfall. A "test of concept" sampler assembly of the stopped-belt idea was built and tested. The sample catch across the stream was within about 4% of expected, offering a total load sampling system where motorized equipment is difficult to install, or electric power is not available. Design and construction suggestions are presented. The catch rate can be small enough to facilitate convenient flow measurement of the catch, which can be converted to total streamflow without the need for separate channel flow measurements. JF - Journal of Hydrologic Engineering AU - Replogle, JA AD - US Arid-Land Agricultural Research Center, ARS-USDA, 21881 No. Cardon La., Mari-copa, AZ 85283, USA, John.Replogle@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 65 EP - 74 VL - 14 IS - 1 SN - 1084-0699, 1084-0699 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Testing Procedures KW - Flow in channels KW - Electric power KW - Spillways KW - Streamflow KW - Streams KW - Samplers KW - Flow measurement KW - Stream flow KW - Nappes KW - Channels KW - Channel flow KW - Flow Rates KW - Flumes KW - Tests KW - Suspended load KW - Sampling KW - Channel Flow KW - M2 556.16:Runoff (556.16) KW - SW 6010:Structures KW - Q2 09261:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20268446?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrologic+Engineering&rft.atitle=Tests+of+Concepts+for+Streamflow+Sampler+Design&rft.au=Replogle%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Replogle&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=65&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrologic+Engineering&rft.issn=10840699&rft_id=info:doi/10.1061%2F%28ASCE%291084-0699%282009%2914%3A1%2865%29 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Channel flow; Flumes; Tests; Suspended load; Flow measurement; Samplers; Nappes; Stream flow; Electric power; Flow in channels; Channels; Testing Procedures; Flow Rates; Spillways; Streamflow; Sampling; Streams; Channel Flow DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1084-0699(2009)14:1(65) ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effective household disinfection methods of kitchen sponges AN - 20253540; 8580500 AB - Several household disinfecting treatments to reduce bacteria, yeasts and molds on kitchen sponges were evaluated. Sponges were soaked in 10% bleach solution for 3 min, lemon juice (pH 2.9) for 1 min, or deionized water for 1 min, placed in a microwave oven for 1 min at full power, or placed in a dishwasher for full wash and drying cycles, or left untreated (control). Microwaving and dishwashing treatments significantly lowered (P < 0.05) aerobic bacterial counts (<0.4 log and 1.6 log CFU/sponge, respectively) more than any chemical treatment or control (7.5 CFU/sponge). Counts of yeasts and molds recovered from sponges receiving microwave (<0.4 log CFU/sponge) or dishwashing (0.4 log CFU/sponge) treatments were significantly lower than those recovered from sponges immersed in chemical treatments. Our study shows that microwaving and dishwashing treatments may kill foodborne pathogens in a household kitchen environment. JF - Food Control AU - Sharma, Manan AU - Eastridge, Janet AU - Mudd, Cheryl AD - Food Safety Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Animal and Natural Resources Institute, Building 201, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA, manan.sharma@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 310 EP - 313 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 20 IS - 3 SN - 0956-7135, 0956-7135 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Sponges KW - Disinfection KW - Kitchen KW - Household KW - Bacteria KW - Spoilage KW - Foodborne illness KW - Yeasts KW - Porifera KW - Microwave oven KW - Food KW - Citrus limon KW - Molds KW - Drying KW - Chemical treatment KW - Pathogens KW - Kitchens KW - Fruit juices KW - households KW - Colony-forming cells KW - disinfection KW - Bleaches KW - pH effects KW - pH KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology KW - H 4000:Food and Drugs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20253540?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+Control&rft.atitle=Effective+household+disinfection+methods+of+kitchen+sponges&rft.au=Sharma%2C+Manan%3BEastridge%2C+Janet%3BMudd%2C+Cheryl&rft.aulast=Sharma&rft.aufirst=Manan&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=310&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+Control&rft.issn=09567135&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.foodcont.2008.05.020 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Disinfection; Fruit juices; Food; Microwave oven; Colony-forming cells; Drying; Molds; Pathogens; Bleaches; pH effects; Kitchens; Yeasts; households; Porifera; disinfection; Chemical treatment; pH; Citrus limon DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2008.05.020 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predicting Salmonella enterica serotypes by repetitive sequence-based PCR AN - 20244070; 8859744 AB - Repetitive extragenic palindromic sequence-based PCR (rep-PCR) utilizing a semi-automated system, was evaluated as a method to determine Salmonella serotypes. A group of 216 Salmonella isolates belonging to 13 frequently isolated serotypes and one rarer serotype from poultry were used to create a DNA fingerprint library with the DiversiLab(TM) System software. Subsequently, a blinded set of 44 poultry isolates were fingerprinted and queried against the library in an attempt to putatively assign a serotype designation to each Salmonella isolate. The query isolates were previously typed employing standard serological techniques. Utilizing pair-wise similarity percentages as calculated by the Pearson correlation coefficient, the predicted serotype of 28 isolates matched the serological typing result. For eight isolates, rep-PCR results were interpreted as one of two very closely-related serotypes, Hadar and the rarer Istanbul. Traditional serological assays have difficulty distinguishing between these groups, and sequencing interspacer regions of the rrfH gene was unable to differentiate among isolates of these two serovars. Six of the remaining isolates resulted in no match to the database (similarity values <95%) and these indeed proved to be serotypes not included in the original library. The two remaining samples proved discrepant at the 95% similarity threshold, however examination of electropherograms clearly indicated fingerprint variability between query and library samples, suggesting an expanded rep-PCR library will be necessary for increased utility. Since serological assays can take several days to weeks to provide information, the DiversiLab System holds promise for more rapid serotype classification for members of this group. JF - Journal of Microbiological Methods AU - Wise, M G AU - Siragusa, G R AU - Plumblee, J AU - Healy, M AU - Cray, P J AU - Seal, B S AD - Russell Research Center, Agricultural Research, Service, USDA, 950 College Station Road, Athens, GA 30605, USA, gsiragusa@agtechproducts.com Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 18 EP - 24 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 76 IS - 1 SN - 0167-7012, 0167-7012 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Computer programs KW - Databases KW - Poultry KW - software KW - Serotypes KW - Typing KW - Classification KW - Salmonella enterica KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Information systems KW - G 07770:Bacteria KW - A 01300:Methods KW - J 02300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20244070?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Microbiological+Methods&rft.atitle=Predicting+Salmonella+enterica+serotypes+by+repetitive+sequence-based+PCR&rft.au=Wise%2C+M+G%3BSiragusa%2C+G+R%3BPlumblee%2C+J%3BHealy%2C+M%3BCray%2C+P+J%3BSeal%2C+B+S&rft.aulast=Wise&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=18&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Microbiological+Methods&rft.issn=01677012&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.mimet.2008.09.006 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Databases; Computer programs; software; Poultry; Typing; Serotypes; Classification; Polymerase chain reaction; Information systems; Salmonella enterica DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mimet.2008.09.006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potential of Escherichia coli O157:H7 to grow on field-cored lettuce as impacted by postharvest storage time and temperature AN - 20243878; 8853466 AB - A recent development in iceberg lettuce harvesting is field coring, the technique of removing the outer leaves and the cores of the lettuce heads at the time of harvesting in order to reduce shipping waste and maximize production yield. However, this method may increase the potential for contamination during field procedures and therefore, it is important to evaluate the survival and growth of Escherichia coli O157:H7 on pre-cored lettuce under simulated field conditions. Using a coring knife artificially contaminated with 2 x 10 super(5) cells of E. coli O157:H7, the transfer of the pathogen to lettuce heads and subsequent growth of the pathogen at simulated field and refrigerated temperatures (30 and 5 C) were examined. No significant (P > 0.05) growth or loss of viability of E. coli O157:H7 was noted at 5 C during an 8 h incubation period. However, at 30 C, significant (P < 0.001) increases in E. coli O157:H7 populations occurred between 0 to 4 h and 4 to 8 h. Regardless of whether E. coli O157:H7 were cold-stressed prior to use as inoculum, E.coli O157:H7 populations increased by more than 2.0 log cfu/g at 30 C from 0 to 8 h. A single contaminated coring knife was found to successively inoculate at least nineteen lettuce heads. These findings suggest that preventing contamination of the coring knife and cored lettuce, as well as prompt chilling of freshly cored lettuce heads, are necessary steps to ensure the safety of field-cored iceberg lettuce. JF - International Journal of Food Microbiology AU - McEvoy, James L AU - Luo, Yaguang AU - Conway, William AU - Zhou, Bin AU - Feng, Hao AD - Produce Quality and Safety Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Building 002, Room 117, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, MD 20705, United States, james.mcevoy@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 506 EP - 509 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 128 IS - 3 SN - 0168-1605, 0168-1605 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - E. coli O157:H7 KW - Lettuce KW - Field coring KW - Food safety KW - Temperature effects KW - Chilling KW - Coring KW - Wastes KW - Leaves KW - Pathogens KW - Food contamination KW - Heads KW - Icebergs KW - Colony-forming cells KW - Escherichia coli KW - Inoculum KW - Harvesting KW - J 02320:Cell Biology KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20243878?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Food+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Potential+of+Escherichia+coli+O157%3AH7+to+grow+on+field-cored+lettuce+as+impacted+by+postharvest+storage+time+and+temperature&rft.au=McEvoy%2C+James+L%3BLuo%2C+Yaguang%3BConway%2C+William%3BZhou%2C+Bin%3BFeng%2C+Hao&rft.aulast=McEvoy&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=128&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=506&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Food+Microbiology&rft.issn=01681605&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ijfoodmicro.2008.08.008 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chilling; Temperature effects; Heads; Coring; Colony-forming cells; Icebergs; Leaves; Inoculum; Wastes; Pathogens; Food contamination; Harvesting; Escherichia coli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2008.08.008 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Osmoregulated periplasmic glucans of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium are required for optimal virulence in mice AN - 20240981; 8855351 AB - We purified osmoregulated periplasmic glucans (OPGs) from Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and found them to be composed of 100 % glucose with 2-linked glucose as the most abundant residue, with terminal glucose, 2,3-linked and 2,6-linked glucose also present in high quantities. The two structural genes for OPG biosynthesis, opgG and opgH, form a bicistronic operon, and insertion of a kanamycin resistance gene cassette into this operon resulted in a strain devoid of OPGs. The opgGH mutant strain was impaired in motility and growth under low osmolarity conditions. The opgGH mutation also resulted in a 2 log increase in the LD sub(50) in mice compared to the wild-type strain SL1344. Inability to synthesize OPGs had no significant impact on the organism's lipopolysaccharide pattern or its ability to survive antimicrobial peptides-, detergent-, pH- and nutrient- stress conditions. We observed that the opgGH-defective strain respired at a reduced rate under acidic growth conditions (pH ; 5.0) and had lower ATP levels compared to the wild-type strain. These data indicate that OPGs of S. Typhimurium contribute towards mouse virulence as well as growth and motility under low osmolarity growth conditions. JF - Microbiology AU - Bhagwat, Arvind A AU - Jun, Won AU - Liu, Liu AU - Kannan, Porteen AU - Dharne, Mahesh AU - Pheh, Benedict AU - Tall, Ben D AU - Kothary, Mahendra H AU - Gross, Kenneth C AU - Angle, Scott AU - Meng, Jianghong AU - Smith, Allen AD - Produce Quality and Safety Laboratory, Henry A. Wallace Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Bldg. 002, BARC-W, Beltsville, MD 20705-235, USA, arvind.bhagwat@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 229 EP - 237 PB - Society for General Microbiology, Marlborough House, Basingstoke Road Spencers Wood Reading RG7 1AG UK, [URL:http://www.sgm.ac.uk/] VL - 155 IS - 1 SN - 1350-0872, 1350-0872 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Data processing KW - Growth conditions KW - Glucose KW - Stress KW - ATP KW - Kanamycin KW - Salmonella typhimurium KW - Virulence KW - Osteoprotegerin KW - Motility KW - Salmonella enterica KW - Lipopolysaccharides KW - Operons KW - osmolarity KW - pH effects KW - Mutation KW - glucans KW - A 01340:Antibiotics & Antimicrobials KW - J 02320:Cell Biology KW - G 07770:Bacteria UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20240981?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microbiology&rft.atitle=Osmoregulated+periplasmic+glucans+of+Salmonella+enterica+serovar+Typhimurium+are+required+for+optimal+virulence+in+mice&rft.au=Bhagwat%2C+Arvind+A%3BJun%2C+Won%3BLiu%2C+Liu%3BKannan%2C+Porteen%3BDharne%2C+Mahesh%3BPheh%2C+Benedict%3BTall%2C+Ben+D%3BKothary%2C+Mahendra+H%3BGross%2C+Kenneth+C%3BAngle%2C+Scott%3BMeng%2C+Jianghong%3BSmith%2C+Allen&rft.aulast=Bhagwat&rft.aufirst=Arvind&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=155&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=229&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microbiology&rft.issn=13500872&rft_id=info:doi/10.1099%2Fmic.0.023747-0 L2 - http://mic.sgmjournals.org/cgi/reprint/155/1/229.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data processing; Growth conditions; Glucose; ATP; Stress; Kanamycin; Osteoprotegerin; Virulence; Motility; Lipopolysaccharides; osmolarity; Operons; Mutation; pH effects; glucans; Salmonella enterica; Salmonella typhimurium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.023747-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Observations of neck-collared Canada geese near John F. Kennedy International Airport, New York AN - 20202238; 10281229 AB - Canada geese (Branta canadensis) often cause significant damage when they strike aircraft. They are responsible for a reported minimum of $2.6 million in damage per year to civil aviation in the United States. Knowledge of goose movements in relation to airports would allow wildlife managers to allocate time and funds to manage those populations that pose the greatest threat to aircraft. We placed alpha-numeric neck collars on 300 Canada geese within 8 km of both John F. Kennedy International Airport (JFKIA) and LaGuardia Airport in New York, New York. We conducted weekly observations for 2 years within a 12-km radius of JFKIA at locations used by the geese. At the conclusion of the study, 45% of the collared geese remained within an 8-km radius of JFKIA, and four were killed at JFKIA during wildlife control operations. We observed birds at their original banding sites 75% of the time, and within 5 km of the banding location 95% of the time. Geese that remained in the study area were re-sighted at a mean straight-line distance of 3.6 (c3.1) km from their original banding location. We note that 78% of the re-sighting locations used by geese were within 8 km of JFKIA and that movements of these geese could take them over or onto JFKIA. Oiling goose eggs to kill the embryos, rounding up of flightless birds within 8 km of the airport, and bird-control activities at JFKIA and nearby areas all should be continued to reduce the probability of a catastrophic bird strike between aircraft using JFKIA and local Canada geese. JF - Human-Wildlife Conflicts AU - Seamans, T W AU - Clemons, SE AU - Gosser, AL AD - U.S. Department of Agriculture/Wildlife Services' National Wildlife Research Center, 6100 Columbus Avenue, Sandusky, OH 44870, USA, thomas.w.seamans@aphis.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 242 EP - 250 VL - 3 IS - 2 SN - 1934-4392, 1934-4392 KW - Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Animal Behavior Abstracts KW - Collars KW - USA, New York, LaGuardia Airport KW - Wildlife KW - Airports KW - Neck KW - Eggs KW - Bird eggs KW - USA, New York KW - Branta canadensis KW - Aircraft KW - Embryos KW - Banding KW - Disputes KW - Aquatic birds KW - Y 25040:Behavioral Ecology KW - Q1 08361:General KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20202238?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human-Wildlife+Conflicts&rft.atitle=Observations+of+neck-collared+Canada+geese+near+John+F.+Kennedy+International+Airport%2C+New+York&rft.au=Seamans%2C+T+W%3BClemons%2C+SE%3BGosser%2C+AL&rft.aulast=Seamans&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=242&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human-Wildlife+Conflicts&rft.issn=19344392&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Airports; Disputes; Bird eggs; Aquatic birds; Collars; Aircraft; Wildlife; Embryos; Banding; Neck; Eggs; Branta canadensis; USA, New York, LaGuardia Airport; USA, New York ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using wedelia as ground cover on tropical airports to reduce bird activity AN - 20193943; 10281227 AB - Bird-aircraft collisions (i.e., bird strikes) are a major problem at airports worldwide, often because birds are attracted to airfields to feed on seeds, insects, or rodents that abound in the grassy areas near runways and taxiways. We compared an alternative ground cover, wedelia (Wedelia trilobata), to existing vegetation (control plots) on the airfield at Lihue Airport, Kauai, Hawaii, to determine if bird populations on the airport could be reduced by eliminating their forage base. We studied wedalia because it is a low-growing plant that did not need mowing, was easily established in plots, and out-competed other plants, resulting in a significant decrease in plant diversity. Thus, wedelia indirectly results in a decreased seed base for granivorous birds. Total invertebrate biomass was 41% lower in wedelia plots than in other vegetation plots (control plots). Rodent populations were 67% lower in wedelia than in control plots. Zebra doves (Geopelia striata), spotted doves (Streptopelia chinensis), and mannikins (Lonchura spp.) used wedelia plots significantly less than control plots, whereas, the lesser Pacific golden-plover (Pluvialis fulva) was unaffected. By reducing seed production, insect densities, and rodant populations, wedalia should be a useful ground cover on tropical airports to reduce bird use and, ultimately, bird strikes on the airport. JF - Human-Wildlife Conflicts AU - Linnell, MA AU - Conover, M R AU - Ohashi, T J AD - USDA/Wildlife Services, 1860 W. Alexander Street, Suite A, Salt Lake City, UT 84119 USA, mike.a.linnell@usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 226 EP - 236 VL - 3 IS - 2 SN - 1934-4392, 1934-4392 KW - Animal Behavior Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Streptopelia chinensis KW - Wedelia trilobata KW - Pluvialis fulva KW - Mowing KW - Geopelia striata KW - Seeds KW - Wedelia KW - Vegetation KW - Airports KW - Biomass KW - Aves KW - Lonchura KW - Y 25040:Behavioral Ecology KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20193943?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human-Wildlife+Conflicts&rft.atitle=Using+wedelia+as+ground+cover+on+tropical+airports+to+reduce+bird+activity&rft.au=Linnell%2C+MA%3BConover%2C+M+R%3BOhashi%2C+T+J&rft.aulast=Linnell&rft.aufirst=MA&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=226&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human-Wildlife+Conflicts&rft.issn=19344392&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Wedelia; Streptopelia chinensis; Lonchura; Geopelia striata; Aves; Pluvialis fulva; Wedelia trilobata; Airports; Seeds; Vegetation; Biomass; Mowing ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling Irrigation Management Strategies to Maximize Cotton Lint Yield and Water Use Efficiency AN - 20172067; 10188637 AB - Increasing pumping costs and declining well capacities in the Southern High Plains compel producers to seek irrigation strategies to maximize yield and water use efficiency (WUE), which is the ratio of yield to evapotranspiration (ET). Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is suited to deficit irrigation using wells ranging from 0.29 to 0.93 L s super(-1) ha super(-1) capacity to supply limited, 2.5 mm d super(-1), to complete, 8.1 mm d super(-1) ET replacement. Our objectives were to (i) evaluate irrigation capacity and duration effects on lint yield, and (ii) compare application strategies that maximize yield and WUE. The simulation model GOSSYM was used with 1959 to 2000 weather records from Bushland, TX, to calculate yields of cotton grown on a Pullman clay loam (fine, mixed, superactive, thermic Torrertic Paleustoll) with 50 or 100% initial available soil water. We compared all combinations of irrigation duration (4, 6, 8, and 10 wk) and capacity (for ET replacement of 2.5, 3.75, and 5.0 mm d super(-1) and dryland). Simulated lint yield decreased as irrigation decreased; however, yields for similar irrigation totals increased with increasing irrigation capacity. Simulated yields for cotton irrigated > 8 wk did not differ among irrigation capacities, but cotton irrigated at 5.0 mm d super(-1) maintained yield with earlier irrigation termination at 6 wk. Based on mean yields, we determined that spreading water to deficit irrigate a field with 2.5 mm d super(-1) yielded similar to 5% less lint than concentrating that water to irrigate smaller fields at 3.75 or 5.0 mm d super(-1) that were averaged with complementary (2:1 and 1:1) dryland areas. JF - Agronomy Journal AU - Baumhardt, R L AU - Staggenborg, SA AU - Gowda, PH AU - Colaizzi, P D AU - Howell, T A AD - USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Conservation and Production Research Laboratory, P.O. Drawer 10, Bushland TX 79012-0010, r.louis.baumhardt@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 460 EP - 468 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 South Segoe Rd Madison WI 53711 USA VL - 101 IS - 3 SN - 0002-1962, 0002-1962 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water Management KW - Cotton KW - Water Use Efficiency KW - Crop Yield KW - Soil KW - Yield KW - Efficiency KW - USA, Southern High Plains KW - plains KW - water use KW - Weather KW - Clay KW - Irrigation KW - Irrigation Efficiency KW - Simulation KW - Evapotranspiration KW - Gossypium hirsutum KW - Model Studies KW - agronomy KW - loam KW - Water wells KW - Capacity KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - SW 1060:Conservation in agricultural use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20172067?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agronomy+Journal&rft.atitle=Modeling+Irrigation+Management+Strategies+to+Maximize+Cotton+Lint+Yield+and+Water+Use+Efficiency&rft.au=Baumhardt%2C+R+L%3BStaggenborg%2C+SA%3BGowda%2C+PH%3BColaizzi%2C+P+D%3BHowell%2C+T+A&rft.aulast=Baumhardt&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=460&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agronomy+Journal&rft.issn=00021962&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fagronj2008.0041xs L2 - http://agron.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/101/3/460.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water use; Weather; Cotton; Clay; Irrigation; Simulation; Evapotranspiration; agronomy; Soil; Efficiency; loam; Water wells; plains; Yield; Water Management; Water Use Efficiency; Irrigation Efficiency; Capacity; Model Studies; Crop Yield; Gossypium hirsutum; USA, Southern High Plains DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj2008.0041xs ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transpiration and Yield Relationships of Grain Sorghum Grown in a Field Environment AN - 20163875; 10188659 AB - The ability of plants to convert transpiration (T) into dry matter has been studied since the early 20th century. Research has compared differences among species using transpiration efficiency (TE), the ratio of biomass yield (Y sub(b)) to T; and m and k, which are the slopes of the linear Y sub(b)/T relationship normalized by atmospheric evaporative demand. The objective of this research was to develop transpiration and biomass relationships (TE, m, and k) and the transpiration and grain relationship (TE sub(g)) of grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) grown in a field environment. Grain sorghum was grown in 1998 and 1999 in weighable lysimeters using stored soil water only and in a rain shelter facility. This approach limited the irrigation and precipitation evaporation components of E so that T estimated (T sub(est)) using lysimetry in a field environment was emphasized. The te remained constant through a range of water availability. The te was similar between the 2 yr, and the combined data produced a slope of the Y sub(b)/T sub(est) relationship of 3.5 g m super(-2) mm super(-1). This was similar to the 3.3 g m super(-2) mm super(-1) reported for sorghum in the early 20th century, but smaller than current field studies which ranged from 4.0 g m super(-2) mm super(-1) to 5.7 g m super(-2) mm super(-1). The TE sub(g) was 2.6 g m super(-2) mm super(-1). Normalization of T sub(est) by seasonal averages of reference evapotranspiration and vapor pressure deficit produced significant differences between years in the slopes of the relationships. Transpiration efficiency did not require normalization for variations in climate between years. JF - Agronomy Journal AU - Tolk, JA AU - Howell, T A AD - USDA-ARS Conservation and Production Research Lab., Bushland, TX 79012, Judy.Tolk@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 657 EP - 662 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 South Segoe Rd Madison WI 53711 USA VL - 101 IS - 3 SN - 0002-1962, 0002-1962 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Testing Procedures KW - Yield KW - Available Water KW - Lysimeters KW - Slopes KW - Biomass KW - Transpiration KW - Sorghum KW - Crop Yield KW - SW 1060:Conservation in agricultural use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20163875?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agronomy+Journal&rft.atitle=Transpiration+and+Yield+Relationships+of+Grain+Sorghum+Grown+in+a+Field+Environment&rft.au=Tolk%2C+JA%3BHowell%2C+T+A&rft.aulast=Tolk&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=657&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agronomy+Journal&rft.issn=00021962&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fagronj2008.0079x L2 - http://agron.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/101/3/657.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Testing Procedures; Yield; Available Water; Lysimeters; Biomass; Slopes; Transpiration; Crop Yield; Sorghum DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj2008.0079x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of Estimating Soil Hydraulic Properties and Root Growth Factor on Soil Water Balance and Crop Production AN - 20161917; 10188649 AB - Accurate simulation of plant growth depends not only on plant parameters, but also on soil parameters. Although there is uncertainty in measured soil parameters and root distributions, their effects on simulated plant growth have been much less studied. This study evaluates the simulated responses of six crops, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), maize (Zea mays L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.), peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), and chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), under various water and N management to different methods of estimating soil hydraulic properties and soil root growth factor (SRGF) in root zone water quality model (RZWQM2) that contains the decision support system for agrotechnology transfer (DSSAT) Version 4.0 plant growth models. The two methods of obtaining the soil water retention curve (SWRC) in RZWQM2 were based on (i) known soil water contents at both 33 and 1500 kPa suctions, or (ii) soil water content at 33 kPa only. The two methods of estimating saturated hydraulic conductivity (K sub(sat)) were (i) soil texture class based average K sub(sat) or (ii) K sub(sat) calculated from effective porosity (difference between soil water contents at saturation and at 33 kPa). For the six crops, simulation results showed that the soil water balance was affected more by K sub(sat) than by SWRC, whereas the simulated crop growth was affected by both K sub(sat) and SWRC. Small variations in the SRGF did not affect soil and crop simulations, and SRGF could be estimated with a simple exponential equation. JF - Agronomy Journal AU - Ma, Liwang AU - Hoogenboom, G AU - Saseendran, SA AU - Bartling, PNS AU - Ahuja, Lajpat R AU - Green, Timothy R AD - USDA-ARS, Agricultural Systems Research, 2150 Centre Ave., Bldg. D, Fort Collins, CO 80526, Liwang.Ma@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 572 EP - 583 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 South Segoe Rd Madison WI 53711 USA VL - 101 IS - 3 SN - 0002-1962, 0002-1962 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Artificial intelligence KW - Soil KW - Arachis hypogaea KW - Soil Water KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20161917?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agronomy+Journal&rft.atitle=Effects+of+Estimating+Soil+Hydraulic+Properties+and+Root+Growth+Factor+on+Soil+Water+Balance+and+Crop+Production&rft.au=Ma%2C+Liwang%3BHoogenboom%2C+G%3BSaseendran%2C+SA%3BBartling%2C+PNS%3BAhuja%2C+Lajpat+R%3BGreen%2C+Timothy+R&rft.aulast=Ma&rft.aufirst=Liwang&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=572&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agronomy+Journal&rft.issn=00021962&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fagronj2008.0206x L2 - http://agron.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/101/3/572.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Soil Water; Arachis hypogaea DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj2008.0206x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Introduction: Can Water Use Efficiency Be Modeled Well Enough to Impact Crop Management? AN - 20161877; 10188633 AB - Crop water use efficiency (WUE, yield per unit of water use) is key for agricultural production with limited water resources. Policymakers and water resource managers working at all scales need to address the multitudinous scenarios in which cropping systems and amounts, timing and methods of irrigation, and fertilizer applications may be changed to improve WUE while meeting yield and harvest quality goals. Experimentation cannot address all scenarios, but accurate simulation models may fill in the gaps. The nine papers in this special section explore how four simulation models were used to simulate yield, water use, and WUE of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), maize (Zea mays L.), quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.), and sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) in North and South America, Europe, and the Middle East. All the models simulated WUE adequately under well-watered conditions, but tended to misestimate WUE under conditions of water stress, which limits their use for exploration of deficit irrigation scenarios or rain- fed or dryland situations with expected soil water deficits. None of the experimental conditions reported involved separate measurements of evaporation (E) and transpiration (T); so there was no opportunity to test the separation of E and T simulated in the newest of the models, AquaCrop. The lack of separate E measurements also limited the authors in exploring reasons why WUE was not simulated well under water stress conditions. Future studies exploring WUE simulation should include E or T measurements so that effects of management methods that reduce E can be studied. JF - Agronomy Journal AU - Evett, Steven R AU - Tolk, Judy A AD - Conservation and Production Research Laboratory, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Bushland, TX, Judy.Tolk@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 423 EP - 425 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 South Segoe Rd Madison WI 53711 USA VL - 101 IS - 3 SN - 0002-1962, 0002-1962 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Cotton KW - Water Use Efficiency KW - Evaporation KW - Agricultural production KW - Water resources KW - Europe KW - Crops KW - Crop Yield KW - Water Stress KW - Water Use KW - Soil KW - water stress KW - Yield KW - Efficiency KW - Zea mays KW - Chenopodium quinoa KW - Middle East KW - water use KW - Irrigation KW - Simulation KW - Gossypium hirsutum KW - Model Studies KW - agronomy KW - Fertilizer application KW - South America KW - Helianthus annuus KW - Water wells KW - Helianthus KW - Water Resources KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - SW 1060:Conservation in agricultural use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20161877?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agronomy+Journal&rft.atitle=Introduction%3A+Can+Water+Use+Efficiency+Be+Modeled+Well+Enough+to+Impact+Crop+Management%3F&rft.au=Evett%2C+Steven+R%3BTolk%2C+Judy+A&rft.aulast=Evett&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=423&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agronomy+Journal&rft.issn=00021962&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fagronj2009.0038xs L2 - http://agron.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/101/3/423.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water use; Cotton; Evaporation; Agricultural production; Irrigation; Simulation; Water resources; Crops; agronomy; water stress; Soil; Fertilizer application; Efficiency; Water wells; Yield; Water Use Efficiency; Water Use; Water Resources; Water Stress; Crop Yield; Model Studies; Zea mays; Chenopodium quinoa; Helianthus annuus; Helianthus; Gossypium hirsutum; South America; Europe; Middle East DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj2009.0038xs ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Richard A. Dolbeer: scientist, innovator, manager, and mentor AN - 20160714; 10281235 JF - Human-Wildlife Conflicts AU - Blackwell, B F AU - DeVault, T L AD - USDA Wildlife Services' National Wildlife Research Center, Ohio Field Station, 6100 Columbus Avenue, Sandusky, Ohio 44870, USA Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 296 EP - 297 VL - 3 IS - 2 SN - 1934-4392, 1934-4392 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Animal Behavior Abstracts KW - Wildlife management KW - Y 25040:Behavioral Ecology KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20160714?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human-Wildlife+Conflicts&rft.atitle=Richard+A.+Dolbeer%3A+scientist%2C+innovator%2C+manager%2C+and+mentor&rft.au=Blackwell%2C+B+F%3BDeVault%2C+T+L&rft.aulast=Blackwell&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=296&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human-Wildlife+Conflicts&rft.issn=19344392&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Wildlife management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Suspending vulture effigies from roosts to reduce bird strikes AN - 20160683; 10281231 JF - Human-Wildlife Conflicts AU - Ball, SA AD - USDA/APHIS/Wildlife Services, Bldg 4223 Access Road, U.S. Marine Corps Air Station, Cherry Point, North Carolina 28533-0006, USA, steven.a.ball@aphis.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 257 EP - 259 VL - 3 IS - 2 SN - 1934-4392, 1934-4392 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Animal Behavior Abstracts KW - Aves KW - Roosts KW - Y 25040:Behavioral Ecology KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20160683?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human-Wildlife+Conflicts&rft.atitle=Suspending+vulture+effigies+from+roosts+to+reduce+bird+strikes&rft.au=Ball%2C+SA&rft.aulast=Ball&rft.aufirst=SA&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=257&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human-Wildlife+Conflicts&rft.issn=19344392&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aves; Roosts ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Management of bayberry in relation to tree-swallow strikes at John F. Kennedy International Airport, New York AN - 20149725; 10281228 AB - Tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) have been a periodic bird-strike problem at John F. Kennedy International Airport (JFKIA), New York, New York, causing runway closures, flight delays, and damage to aircraft following the ingestion of bird flocks into engines. We examined 65 tree swallows collected at JFKIA in October 2001 to determine food sources that were attracting the birds to the airport. Digestive tracts of all 65 specimens contained northern bayberry fruits (Myrica pensylvanica), averaging 15.6 fruits per bird or 3.4% of the bird's body mass in specimens where the entire tract was dissected. Bayberry fruits are a highly attractive food source for tree swallows, especially during fall migration when insects are limited. Beginning late in 2001, a bayberry removal program was instituted at JFKIA. We examined tree swallow strike reports from JFKIA before and after this program began and found a 75% reduction in the number of strikes after removal of bayberry bushes. Removal of bayberry from coastal airports like JFKIA may facilitate the dispersal of tree swallow flocks that use airports as resting sites during their migration and may reduce the risk to birds and dangerous encounters with aircraft, thus limiting problems caused by runway closures and flight delays. JF - Human-Wildlife Conflicts AU - Bernhardt, GE AU - Patton, Z J AU - Kutschbach-Brohl, LA AU - Dolbeer, R A AD - U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Wildlife Research Center, Ohio Field Station, 6100 Columbus Avenue, Sandusky, OH 44870, USA, glen.bernhardt@aphis.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 237 EP - 241 VL - 3 IS - 2 SN - 1934-4392, 1934-4392 KW - Animal Behavior Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Fruits KW - Airports KW - Migration KW - Flight KW - Digestive tract KW - Aircraft KW - Food sources KW - Myrica pensylvanica KW - Bushes KW - Tachycineta bicolor KW - Y 25080:Orientation, Migration and Locomotion KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20149725?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human-Wildlife+Conflicts&rft.atitle=Management+of+bayberry+in+relation+to+tree-swallow+strikes+at+John+F.+Kennedy+International+Airport%2C+New+York&rft.au=Bernhardt%2C+GE%3BPatton%2C+Z+J%3BKutschbach-Brohl%2C+LA%3BDolbeer%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Bernhardt&rft.aufirst=GE&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=237&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human-Wildlife+Conflicts&rft.issn=19344392&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Tachycineta bicolor; Myrica pensylvanica; Airports; Fruits; Migration; Food sources; Aircraft; Flight; Digestive tract; Bushes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cover Crop and Liquid Manure Effects on Soil Quality Indicators in a Corn Silage System AN - 20099547; 10188711 AB - Due to a lack of surface residue and organic matter inputs, continuous corn (Zea mays L.) silage production is one of the most demanding cropping systems imposed on our soil resources. In this study, our objective was to determine if using cover/companion crops and/or applying low-solids liquid dairy manure could improve physical, chemical, and biological soil properties and overall soil quality. Corn was grown for 4 yr on a Bertrand silt loam in rotation with a living mulch of kura clover (KC, Trifolium ambiguum L.) or June-interseeded red clover (Trifolium pratese L.), and continuously with June-interseeded Italian ryegrass (IR, Lolium multiflorum L.), September-seeded winter rye (Secale cereale L.), or no cover crop. Extractable P and K, pH, soil organic matter (SOM), active C, water-stable aggregates, bulk density, penetrometer resistance, and microbial biomass/diversity were measured, and the Soil Management Assessment Framework (SMAF) soil quality index (SQI) was determined. Cover/companion crop treatments generally had more large macroaggregates, greater aggregate mean-weight diameter, and larger quantities of total microbial biomass and most lipid/microbial groups than no-cover treatments. Manure and starter fertilizer additions resulted in significant cover/companion crop treatment effects on extractable P and K. Liquid dairy manure alone did not improve any soil quality indicators. Although soil quality benefits of cover crops and manure are typically attributed to additions of organic C, we found no significant treatment effects on SOM content. However, the active, or labile, C fraction, was significantly increased by cover crops and showed good relationships with aggregate stability and microbial biomass. Overall, use of cover/companion crops appears beneficial for corn silage systems, but it may take more than 4 yr for some soil quality indicators to fully respond. JF - Agronomy Journal AU - Jokela, William E AU - Grabber, John H AU - Karlen, Douglas L AU - Balser, Teri C AU - Palmquist, Debra E AD - USDA-ARS, U.S. Dairy Forage Research Center, 2615 East 29th St., Marshfield, WI 54449, bill.jokela@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 727 EP - 737 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 South Segoe Rd Madison WI 53711 USA VL - 101 IS - 4 SN - 0002-1962, 0002-1962 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Manure KW - mulches KW - Lipids KW - corn KW - Crops KW - Soil KW - Fertilizers KW - Lolium multiflorum KW - Zea mays KW - soil properties KW - Trifolium KW - silage KW - pH KW - Animal wastes KW - Organic matter KW - silt KW - Biomass KW - Agrochemicals KW - agronomy KW - Dairies KW - loam KW - Soil management KW - Secale cereale KW - Trifolium ambiguum KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20099547?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agronomy+Journal&rft.atitle=Cover+Crop+and+Liquid+Manure+Effects+on+Soil+Quality+Indicators+in+a+Corn+Silage+System&rft.au=Jokela%2C+William+E%3BGrabber%2C+John+H%3BKarlen%2C+Douglas+L%3BBalser%2C+Teri+C%3BPalmquist%2C+Debra+E&rft.aulast=Jokela&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=727&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agronomy+Journal&rft.issn=00021962&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fagronj2008.0191 L2 - http://agron.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/101/4/727.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Animal wastes; Manure; mulches; Organic matter; Lipids; silt; Biomass; Agrochemicals; Crops; corn; agronomy; Soil; Dairies; Fertilizers; loam; soil properties; Soil management; pH; silage; Zea mays; Lolium multiflorum; Trifolium; Secale cereale; Trifolium ambiguum DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj2008.0191 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cotton Response to Chicken Litter in Rotation with Corn in Clayey Soil AN - 20082912; 10188655 AB - Poultry litter may benefit continuous cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) production in the heavier Midsouth soils in the same way as crop rotation. The objective of this research was to determine the effectiveness of poultry litter in maintaining yield of continuous cotton compared with cotton-corn (Zea mays L.) rotation in the Black Belt Prairie clay soils of Mississippi. The research was conducted in a Catalpa silty clay loam soil in northern Mississippi. Three main plots with the sequence cotton-cotton- cotton, cotton-corn-cotton, and corn-cotton-cotton in 2003-2004-2005 were split into five subplots each of which received 0, 4.5, 9.0, 13.5 Mg litter ha super(-1) yr super(-1), or 123 kg N ha super(-1) yr super(-1) as urea-ammonium nitrate solution (32% N; UAN) (conventional inorganic fertilization, CIF). The CIF received 180 kg ha super(-1) UAN-N when planted with corn. The results showed 3-yr continuous cotton produced about the same lint yield as cotton that followed corn or 1 yr cotton. Unlike soils in other locations where <9.0 Mg ha super(-1) litter was adequate to produce yield equal to standard inorganic fertilization, cotton in this soil responded to litter up to 13.5 Mg ha super(-1), which suggests lint yield in this clayey soil may be optimized with greater litter fertilization rate than in lighter soils. Cotton fertilized with 13.5 Mg ha super(-1) litter, regardless of the rotation, outyielded the CIF by up to 26%. Overall, the results show adequate fertilization with poultry litter may be more important to improving and maintaining lint yield in this soil than the perceived benefit of a short-term rotation with corn. JF - Agronomy Journal AU - Tewolde, H AU - Buehring, N AU - Adeli, A AU - Sistani, K R AU - Rowe, DE AU - Pratt, R G AD - USDA-ARS, Mississippi State, MS 39762, haile.tewolde@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - 626 EP - 634 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 South Segoe Rd Madison WI 53711 USA VL - 101 IS - 3 SN - 0002-1962, 0002-1962 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - crop rotation KW - Litter KW - Clay KW - Cotton KW - Nitrates KW - poultry KW - prairies KW - corn KW - Gossypium hirsutum KW - agronomy KW - Catalpa KW - Soil KW - Fertilizers KW - loam KW - fertilization KW - Zea mays KW - Perception KW - USA, Mississippi KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20082912?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agronomy+Journal&rft.atitle=Cotton+Response+to+Chicken+Litter+in+Rotation+with+Corn+in+Clayey+Soil&rft.au=Tewolde%2C+H%3BBuehring%2C+N%3BAdeli%2C+A%3BSistani%2C+K+R%3BRowe%2C+DE%3BPratt%2C+R+G&rft.aulast=Tewolde&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=626&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agronomy+Journal&rft.issn=00021962&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fagronj2008.0154x L2 - http://agron.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/101/3/626.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - crop rotation; Litter; Cotton; Clay; poultry; Nitrates; prairies; corn; agronomy; Soil; Fertilizers; fertilization; loam; Perception; Catalpa; Zea mays; Gossypium hirsutum; USA, Mississippi DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj2008.0154x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interaction of Brassicaceous Seed Meal and Apple Rootstock on Recovery of Pythium spp. and Pratylenchus penetrans from Roots Grown in Replant Soils AN - 20065697; 9016181 AB - Pythium spp. and Pratylenchus penetrans are significant components of the diverse pathogen complex that incites apple replant disease in Washington State. The structure of the Pythium population differs among orchard soils but is composed of multiple pathogenic species. Studies were conducted to determine the effect of brassicaceous seed meals and apple rootstock on the activity and composition of these pathogen populations. Brassicaceous seed meals differed in capacity to suppress Pythium numbers and apple root infection, as well as differentially transformed composition of the population recovered from apple roots. Brassica juncea seed meal (SM) was the sole seed meal examined to suppress Pythium numbers and root infection; however, a persisting population was always detected in which Pythium irregulare existed as the dominant or co-dominant species. In general, the Geneva series rootstocks were less susceptible to root infection by native populations of Pythium, whereas M26, MM 106, and MM111 were highly susceptible. Apple rootstocks from the Geneva series consistently supported lower populations of P. penetrans than did Mailing or Malling-Merton rootstocks. B. juncea SM was superior to Brassica napus SM or Sinapis alba SM in suppressing lesion nematode populations. Significant rootstock x seed meal interaction was detected, and nematode suppression in response to B. napus or 5. alba SM was only observed when used in concert with a tolerant root-stock, while B. juncea SM suppressed lesion nematode root populations irrespective of root-stock. These findings demonstrate that utilization of brassicaceous seed meal amendments for replant disease suppression must employ an appropriate rootstock in order to achieve optimal disease control. JF - Plant Disease AU - Mazzola, M AU - Brown, J AU - Zhao, X AU - Izzo, AD AU - Fazio, G AD - USDA Agricultural Research Service, Tree Fruit Research Laboratory, 1104 N. Western Avenue, Wenatchee, WA 98801, USA, mark.mazzola@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 51 EP - 57 VL - 93 IS - 1 SN - 0191-2917, 0191-2917 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Plant diseases KW - Seed meal KW - Pythium irregulare KW - Rootstocks KW - Disease control KW - Roots KW - Pythium KW - Pathogens KW - Infection KW - Orchards KW - Brassica juncea KW - Soil KW - Sinapis alba KW - Brassica napus KW - Malus KW - Pratylenchus KW - Replant disease KW - Nematoda KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20065697?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Disease&rft.atitle=Interaction+of+Brassicaceous+Seed+Meal+and+Apple+Rootstock+on+Recovery+of+Pythium+spp.+and+Pratylenchus+penetrans+from+Roots+Grown+in+Replant+Soils&rft.au=Mazzola%2C+M%3BBrown%2C+J%3BZhao%2C+X%3BIzzo%2C+AD%3BFazio%2C+G&rft.aulast=Mazzola&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=51&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Disease&rft.issn=01912917&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPDIS-93-1-0051 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Plant diseases; Seed meal; Rootstocks; Disease control; Roots; Pathogens; Replant disease; Infection; Orchards; Brassica juncea; Sinapis alba; Pythium irregulare; Brassica napus; Malus; Pythium; Pratylenchus; Nematoda DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-93-1-0051 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Twenty-three new microsatellite loci in the stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae) AN - 20062140; 9162006 AB - AbstractThe stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.), is a significant pest of cattle. Twenty-three microsatellite markers were isolated from a repeat-enriched genomic library of S. calcitrans. We characterized variation at these markers and found that 17 loci were polymorphic in two fly populations from Florida. Two to nine alleles were observed among the variable microsatellite loci and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.03704 to 0.85115. These markers will be useful for characterizing population genetic differentiation and for tracking the migration patterns of stable flies in the USA and worldwide. JF - Molecular Ecology Resources AU - Ascunce, Marina S AU - (SCOTTY) YANG, CC AU - Geden, Chris AU - Shoemaker, Dewayne AD - *US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology (CMAVE), 1600 SW 23rd Drive, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA,, marina.ascunce@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 271 EP - 273 PB - Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd. VL - 9 IS - 1 SN - 1755-098X, 1755-098X KW - Ecology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - Population genetics KW - Differentiation KW - Stomoxys calcitrans KW - Genetic markers KW - Microsatellites KW - Pests KW - genomics KW - Migration KW - Heterozygosity KW - Diptera KW - Muscidae KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20062140?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Ecology+Resources&rft.atitle=Twenty-three+new+microsatellite+loci+in+the+stable+fly%2C+Stomoxys+calcitrans+%28L.%29+%28Diptera%3A+Muscidae%29&rft.au=Ascunce%2C+Marina+S%3B%28SCOTTY%29+YANG%2C+CC%3BGeden%2C+Chris%3BShoemaker%2C+Dewayne&rft.aulast=Ascunce&rft.aufirst=Marina&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=271&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+Ecology+Resources&rft.issn=1755098X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1755-0998.2008.02445.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Stomoxys calcitrans; Muscidae; Diptera; Microsatellites; Heterozygosity; Genetic markers; Migration; Differentiation; genomics; Pests; Population genetics DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-0998.2008.02445.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Antimicrobial Activity of Pyrrocidines from Acremonium zeae Against Endophytes and Pathogens of Maize AN - 20059085; 8902630 AB - Acremonium zeae produces pyrrocidines A and B, which are poly-ketide-amino acid-derived antibiotics, and is recognized as a seedborne protective endophyte of maize which augments host defenses against microbial pathogens causing seedling blights and stalk rots. Pyrrocidine A displayed significant in vitro activity against Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium verticillioides in assays performed using conidia as inoculum, with pyrrocidine A being more active than B. In equivalent assays performed with conidia or hyphal cells as inoculum, pyrrocidine A revealed potent activity against major stalk and ear rot pathogens of maize, including F. graminearum, Nigrospora oryzae, Stenocarpella (Diplodia) maydis, and Rhizoctonia zeae. Pyrrocidine A displayed significant activity against seed-rotting saprophytes A. flavus and Eupenicillium ochrosalmoneum, as well as seed-infecting colonists of the phylloplane Alternaria alternata, Cladosporium cladosporioides, and Curvularia lunata, which produces a damaging leaf spot disease. Protective endophytes, including mycoparasites which grow asymptomati-cally within healthy maize tissues, show little sensitivity to pyrrocidines. Pyrrocidine A also exhibited potent activity against Clavibacter michiganense subsp. nebraskense, causal agent of Goss's bacterial wilt of maize, and Bacillus mojaviense and Pseudomonas fluorescens, maize endophytes applied as biocontrol agents, but were ineffective against the wilt-producing bacterium Pantoea stewartii. JF - Phytopathology AU - Wicklow, D T AU - Poling, S M AD - Mycotoxin Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Peoria, IL 61604, USA, donald.wicklow@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 109 EP - 115 VL - 99 IS - 1 SN - 0031-949X, 0031-949X KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Biological control KW - Eupenicillium KW - Antimicrobial activity KW - Aspergillus flavus KW - Stalk rot KW - Carcinoembryonic antigen KW - Diplodia KW - Antibiotics KW - Alternaria alternata KW - Pseudomonas fluorescens KW - Cladosporium cladosporioides KW - Zea mays KW - Inoculum KW - Bacillus KW - Pantoea stewartii KW - Endophytes KW - Curvularia lunata KW - Conidia KW - Pathogens KW - Acremonium KW - Phylloplane KW - Ear rot KW - Leafspot KW - Rhizoctonia KW - Saprophytes KW - Wilt KW - Fusarium verticillioides KW - Seedling blight KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20059085?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytopathology&rft.atitle=Antimicrobial+Activity+of+Pyrrocidines+from+Acremonium+zeae+Against+Endophytes+and+Pathogens+of+Maize&rft.au=Wicklow%2C+D+T%3BPoling%2C+S+M&rft.aulast=Wicklow&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=109&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phytopathology&rft.issn=0031949X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPHYTO-99-1-0109 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological control; Antimicrobial activity; Stalk rot; Endophytes; Carcinoembryonic antigen; Conidia; Antibiotics; Pathogens; Ear rot; Phylloplane; Leafspot; Inoculum; Saprophytes; Wilt; Seedling blight; Eupenicillium; Aspergillus flavus; Pantoea stewartii; Curvularia lunata; Diplodia; Alternaria alternata; Pseudomonas fluorescens; Cladosporium cladosporioides; Acremonium; Zea mays; Rhizoctonia; Bacillus; Fusarium verticillioides DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-99-1-0109 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - First Report of Armillaria sinapina, a Cause of Armillaria Root Disease, Associated with a Variety of Forest Tree Hosts on Sites with Diverse Climates in Alaska AN - 20056240; 9016204 AB - In August of 2007, a preliminary survey was conducted in Alaska to evaluate potential impacts of climate change on forest trees. Armillaria sinapina, a root-disease pathogen, was isolated from conifer and hardwood hosts on climatically diverse sites spanning 675 km from the Kenai Peninsula to the Arctic Circle. Seven isolates (NKAK1, NKAK2, NKAK5, NKAK6, NKAK9F, NKAK13, and NKAK15) were identified as A. sinapina by using intergenic spacer-1 nucleotide sequences (GenBank Accession Nos. EU665175-EU665181) and somatic pairings. Of particular note is that one isolate (NKAK9F) was obtained from a declining Salix sp. (willow) growing in a flood plain near the Arctic Circle (6632.316'N, 15047.717'W). This isolate was collected from mycelial bark fans that were intercalated within multiple bark layers, a sign of disease. All other isolates were derived from rhizomorphs attached to and/or embedded within roots and root collars, but most host trees showed no clear indication of disease. Two isolates were collected from dead trees within a small mortality center (6208.703'N, 15004.593'W) that included an isolate from Picea glauca (white spruce; NKAK13) and another isolate from Betula sp. (birch; NKAK15). Additional isolates came from a beetle-killed P. glauca (NKAK1) 120 km northwest of Anchorage (6148.079'N, 14816.983'W) and a suppressed (overtopped by other trees in the stand) Tsuga mertensiana (mountain hemlock; NKAK2) 58 km southeast of Anchorage (60 super(C)50.679'N, 14903.742'W). The two remaining isolates originated from the Kenai Peninsula (approximately 6029.629'N, 14945.465'W) and were derived from a root-diseased Populus tremuloides (trembling aspen; NKAK5) and a suppressed P. glauca (NKAK6). Although A. mellea sensu lato was previously reported on willow in interior Alaska and A. sinapina was previously reported from sites under coastal influence, this represents the first confirmed report of A. sinapina on P. glauca, T. mertensiana, Populus tremuloides, Salix sp., and Betula sp. in Alaska. Unfortunately, pathogenicity of A. sinapina cannot be readily verified under experimental conditions because environmental variables, host-tree status (e.g., species, population, age, and vigor), and inoculum potential are difficult to recreate. Armillaria sinapina is typically regarded as a weak pathogen of diverse hosts. However, A. sinapina is predicted to cause more disease on hosts predisposed by climate stress, and climate change is well-documented in Alaska. Because A. sinapina occurs on diverse hosts under different climates across a wide geographic range in Alaska, Armillaria root disease could become more prevalent on trees stressed by climate change. JF - Plant Disease AU - Klopfenstein, N B AU - Lundquist, JE AU - Hanna, J W AU - Kim, M-S AU - McDonald, GI AD - USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station (RMRS), Forestry Sciences Laboratory, 1221 South Main Street, Moscow, ID 83843, USA Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 111 VL - 93 IS - 1 SN - 0191-2917, 0191-2917 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Collars KW - Age KW - Trees KW - Climatic changes KW - Forests KW - Roots KW - Armillaria sinapina KW - Picea glauca KW - Hardwoods KW - Mountains KW - Vigor KW - Pathogenicity KW - Salix KW - Rhizomorphs KW - Mortality KW - Plant diseases KW - Betula KW - Armillaria KW - Inoculum potential KW - Stress KW - Bark KW - Tsuga mertensiana KW - Mycelia KW - Pathogens KW - Conifers KW - Flood plains KW - Populus tremuloides KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20056240?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Disease&rft.atitle=First+Report+of+Armillaria+sinapina%2C+a+Cause+of+Armillaria+Root+Disease%2C+Associated+with+a+Variety+of+Forest+Tree+Hosts+on+Sites+with+Diverse+Climates+in+Alaska&rft.au=Klopfenstein%2C+N+B%3BLundquist%2C+JE%3BHanna%2C+J+W%3BKim%2C+M-S%3BMcDonald%2C+GI&rft.aulast=Klopfenstein&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=111&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Disease&rft.issn=01912917&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPDIS-93-1-0111B LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Collars; Mortality; Age; Plant diseases; Trees; Climatic changes; Inoculum potential; Roots; Forests; Stress; Bark; Pathogens; Mycelia; Hardwoods; Conifers; Mountains; Vigor; Flood plains; Pathogenicity; Rhizomorphs; Betula; Armillaria; Tsuga mertensiana; Salix; Picea glauca; Armillaria sinapina; Populus tremuloides DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-93-1-0111B ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Infective Potential of Sporangia and Zoospores of Phytophthora ramorum AN - 20052067; 9016178 AB - Phytophthora species produce sporangia that either germinate directly or release zoospores, depending upon environmental conditions. Previous Phytophthora spp. inoculation trials have used both sporangia and zoospores as the inoculum type. However, it is unknown what impact propagule type has on disease. Rhododendron leaf disks were inoculated with P. ramorum zoospores (75, 500, or 2,400 per disk), sporangia (75 per disk), or sporangia plus trifluoperazine hydrochloride (TFP) (75 per disk), a chemical that inhibits zoospore formation. Combining results from two different isolates, the highest concentration of zoospores (2,400 per disk) induced a significantly higher percentage of necrotic leaf disk area (96.6%) than sporangia (87.6%) and 500 zoospores per disk (88.7%). The sporangia plus TFP treatment had the lowest necrosis at 47.5%. Rooted rhododendron cuttings had a higher percentage of necrotic leaves per plant when inoculated with zoospores (3,000 or 50,000 per ml) or cysts (50,000 per ml) than with sporangia (3,000 per ml) with or without TFP. The percentage of necrotic leaf area was significantly higher when cysts or zoospores were inoculated at 50,000 per ml than sporangia without TFP and zoospores at 3,000 per ml. All treatments were significantly higher in the percentage of necrotic leaf area than the leaves treated with sporangia plus TFP. This demonstrates that the full inoculum potential may not be achieved when sporangia are used as the inoculum propagule. JF - Plant Disease AU - Widmer, T L AD - Foreign Disease and Weed Science Research Unit, USDA/ARS, 1301 Ditto Avenue, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA, tim.widmer@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 30 EP - 35 VL - 93 IS - 1 SN - 0191-2917, 0191-2917 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Leaf area KW - Sporangia KW - Plant diseases KW - Propagules KW - Inoculum potential KW - Leaves KW - Rhododendron KW - Trifluoperazine KW - Cysts KW - Necrosis KW - Zoospores KW - Inoculation KW - Inoculum KW - Phytophthora KW - Environmental conditions KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20052067?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Disease&rft.atitle=Infective+Potential+of+Sporangia+and+Zoospores+of+Phytophthora+ramorum&rft.au=Widmer%2C+T+L&rft.aulast=Widmer&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=30&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Disease&rft.issn=01912917&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPDIS-93-1-0030 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sporangia; Leaf area; Plant diseases; Propagules; Leaves; Inoculum potential; Trifluoperazine; Cysts; Necrosis; Zoospores; Inoculum; Inoculation; Environmental conditions; Rhododendron; Phytophthora DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-93-1-0030 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Concentration and intervals of hydrogen dioxide applications to control Puccinia hemerocallidis on daylily AN - 20051150; 8838392 AB - Hydrogen dioxide (H sub(2)O sub(2)) is a disinfestant used to kill fungal spores, such as urediniospores of Puccinia hemerocallidis, on plant and production surfaces. Excised sections of daylily leaves with sporulating rust pustules were sprayed with concentrations between 19 and 270 g active ingredient (a.i.) H sub(2)O sub(2) l super(-1). Treated spores were rubbed onto the surface of PDA, and germination of >100 spores per replication per treatment was determined 24 h later. An exponential decay model was fitted to the data and a lethal dose (LD) of 57 and 114 g a.i. H sub(2)O sub(2) l super(-1) solution was predicted to cause 90 and 99% urediniospore mortality, respectively. In an irrigation pad study, one label concentration (2.7 g a.i. H sub(2)O sub(2) l super(- 1)) and approximate LD sub(90) and LD sub(99) concentrations (54 and 108 g a.i. H sub(2)O sub(2) l super(-1)) were sprayed 1 or 2 times per week on healthy daylily plants exposed to naturally dispersing inoculum. Disease incidence and severity decreased with increasing concentration and number of applications of H sub(2)O sub(2) per week. H sub(2)O sub(2), at 108 g a.i. l super(-1) applied once per week, provided control equal to a fungicide treatment (azoxystrobin and chlorothalonil plus thiophanate-methyl rotation), but was also significantly phytotoxic. In a greenhouse study, two concentrations (2.0 and 2.7 g a.i. H sub(2)O sub(2) l super(-1)) registered for application on plants and one concentration (3.4 g a.i. H sub(2)O sub(2) l super(-1)) registered for application on production surfaces were sprayed 2, 3, and 5 times per week on healthy daylily plants exposed to naturally dispersed inoculum. In greenhouse experiment I where the maximum mean incidence was 59%, 2.7 and 3.4 g a.i. H sub(2)O sub(2) l super(-1) applied 2-5 times per week provided control equal to the fungicide treatment. In greenhouse experiment II where the maximum mean incidence was 89%, 5 applications of H sub(2)O sub(2) at 2.0-3.4 g a.i. H sub(2)O sub(2) l super(-1) provided control that was better than the water treatment but not as good as the fungicide treatment. Higher label concentrations (2.7 g a.i. H sub(2)O sub(2) l super(-1)) and multiple applications per week (>=5) can provide disease control equal to a fungicide when disease pressure is low, but may not be effective when disease pressure is high. JF - Crop Protection AU - Copes, W E AD - USDA/ARS, Thad Cochran Southern Horticultural Laboratory, 810 Highway 26 West, P.O. Box 287, Poplarville, MS 39470, USA, warren.copes@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 24 EP - 29 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 28 IS - 1 SN - 0261-2194, 0261-2194 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Biocide KW - Daylily rust KW - Disinfectant KW - Hydrogen peroxide KW - Sterilant KW - Disease control KW - Hydrogen KW - Rust KW - Models KW - azoxystrobin KW - Water treatment KW - Inoculum KW - Pressure KW - Germination KW - Mortality KW - Data processing KW - Replication KW - Irrigation KW - Puccinia KW - Leaves KW - Urediniospores KW - thiophanate-methyl KW - Greenhouses KW - Chlorothalonil KW - Fungicides KW - Crop protection KW - Spores KW - Lethal dose KW - A 01380:Plant Protection, Fungicides & Seed Treatments KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20051150?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Crop+Protection&rft.atitle=Concentration+and+intervals+of+hydrogen+dioxide+applications+to+control+Puccinia+hemerocallidis+on+daylily&rft.au=Copes%2C+W+E&rft.aulast=Copes&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=24&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Crop+Protection&rft.issn=02612194&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.cropro.2008.08.003 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Germination; Mortality; Data processing; Replication; Irrigation; Urediniospores; Leaves; Disease control; Hydrogen; thiophanate-methyl; Rust; Models; Greenhouses; azoxystrobin; Chlorothalonil; Water treatment; Hydrogen peroxide; Fungicides; Crop protection; Inoculum; Spores; Pressure; Lethal dose; Puccinia DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2008.08.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Expression and functional characterization of the plant antimicrobial snakin-1 and defensin recombinant proteins AN - 20040659; 8601930 AB - In this study, for the first time, functionally active, recombinant, cysteine-rich plant proteins snakin-1 (SN1) and defensin (PTH1) were expressed and purified using a prokaryotic expression system. The overall level of antimicrobial activities of SN1 and PTH1 produced in Escherichia coli was commensurate with that of the same proteins previously obtained from plant tissues. Both proteins exhibited strong antibacterial activity against the phytopathogenic bacterium Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus (50% inhibitory concentration (IC sub(50)) 1.5-8 kM) and antifungal activity against the phytopathogenic fungi Colletotrichum coccoides and Botrytis cinerea (IC sub(50) 5-14 kM). Significantly weaker activity was observed against Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae and Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci. A pronounced synergistic antimicrobial effect against P. syringae pv. syringae and an additive effect against P. syringae pv. tabaci occurred with a combination of SN1 and PTH1. Aggregation of C. michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus bacterial cells at all protein concentrations tested was observed with the combination of SN1 and PTH1 and with SN1 alone. Our results demonstrate the use of a cost effective prokaryotic expression system for generation and in vitro characterization of plant cysteine-rich proteins with potential antimicrobial activities against a wide range of phytopathogenic microorganisms in order to select the most effective agents for future in vivo studies. JF - Protein Expression and Purification AU - Kovalskaya, Natalia AU - Hammond, Rosemarie W AD - Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Room 214 Building 004 BARC-West, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA, rose.hammond@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 12 EP - 17 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 63 IS - 1 SN - 1046-5928, 1046-5928 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Immunology Abstracts KW - Antimicrobial proteins KW - Inclusion bodies KW - Plant pathogens KW - Protein solubilization KW - Recombinant proteins KW - Antimicrobial activity KW - Antibacterial activity KW - protein purification KW - Antimicrobial agents KW - Colletotrichum KW - Defensins KW - Clavibacter michiganensis KW - Antifungal activity KW - Escherichia coli KW - Phytopathogenic fungi KW - Microorganisms KW - Botrytis cinerea KW - Pseudomonas syringae KW - K 03300:Methods KW - F 06910:Microorganisms & Parasites KW - A 01300:Methods KW - J 02340:Antibiotics & Antimicrobials UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20040659?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Protein+Expression+and+Purification&rft.atitle=Expression+and+functional+characterization+of+the+plant+antimicrobial+snakin-1+and+defensin+recombinant+proteins&rft.au=Kovalskaya%2C+Natalia%3BHammond%2C+Rosemarie+W&rft.aulast=Kovalskaya&rft.aufirst=Natalia&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=12&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Protein+Expression+and+Purification&rft.issn=10465928&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.pep.2008.08.013 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Defensins; Antimicrobial activity; Antibacterial activity; Antifungal activity; Microorganisms; Phytopathogenic fungi; protein purification; Antimicrobial agents; Colletotrichum; Clavibacter michiganensis; Escherichia coli; Botrytis cinerea; Pseudomonas syringae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pep.2008.08.013 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - First Report of Amylostereum areolatum in Pines in the United States AN - 20024631; 9016195 AB - The wood decay fungus Amylostereum areolatum (Fr.) Boidin, native to Eurasia and North Africa (4), is the mycosymbiont of several siricid wood-wasps including Sirex noctilio Fabricius, a major pest of pines in New Zealand, Australia, South America, and South Africa where it has been introduced. Adult females of S. noctilio are effective vectors of arthro-spores (hyphal fragments) of the fungus, stored internally within mycangia in the abdomen, which are injected with the eggs and a phytotoxic mucus into the outer sapwood of coniferous tree hosts during oviposition. The toxin is translocated upward into the foliage causing needle wilting, necrosis, and crown dieback. The fungus decays the wood (white rot) and provides food for hatching larvae that form borer galleries. Extensive damage to the host via wood decay, galleries, and toxin effects cause mortality in heavily infested trees. S. noctilio adults have been intercepted from several locations in North America prior to 2003, but there has been no evidence of an established population in any native forests until recently. In September 2004, a single adult female was collected from a funnel-trap at the edge of a forest stand in Fulton, NY (Oswego County) and identified in February 2005. A local survey in May 2005 revealed red pines and Scotch pines infested with siricid larvae on the SUNY Oswego campus and in Rice Creek Nature Preserve, 3 km from campus. All larvae from infested trees were identified as S. noctilio using the DNA barcode method. Bole sections of infested red pines were sent to the USDA-ARS quarantine facility in Stoneville, MS. Wood samples, taken from areas of incipient decay adjacent to larval galleries, were plated onto 4.5% potato dextrose agar. Fungal colonies in pure cultures arising from wood pieces were appressed and exhibited microscopic characters typical of A. areolatum. Molecular confirmation of identifications for nine isolates was achieved by PCR amplification and sequencing of the rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region using ITS1 and ITS4 universal primer pairs. BLAST program analyses of these sequences compared against the NCBI GenBank database revealed the isolates were identical (GenBank Accession No. FJ040860) and had 98.8 to 99.8% sequence homology with five A. areolatum GenBank sequences (AF454428, AY781245, AF218389, EU249343, and EU249344) from Germany, Sweden, Japan, and Canada. To our knowledge, this represents the first confirmed isolation of A. areolatum from a native pine stand in the United States and confirms the first incidence of infections of North American pines, 16 months prior to isolations in Ontario. This insect vector-decay fungus complex, native to Eurasia, has a very high-risk rating and threatens many pine (Pinus) species in North America, particularly southern U.S. species that have been severely attacked and killed where introduced in the Southern Hemisphere. The lack of complete sequence homology between New York and Ontario, Canada strains of A. areolatum suggests that these recent incidences probably resulted from multiple woodwasp introductions rather than from vector (S. noctilio female) movement after one introduction. JF - Plant Disease AU - Wilson, AD AU - Schiff, N M AU - Haugen, DA AU - Hoebeke, E R AD - USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Southern Hardwoods Laboratory, Stoneville, MS, USA Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 108 VL - 93 IS - 1 SN - 0191-2917, 0191-2917 KW - Entomology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Galleries KW - Pure culture KW - Foliage KW - Agar KW - Trees KW - Food KW - Forests KW - Mucus KW - Infection KW - Pinus KW - Eggs KW - Sirex KW - Wilting KW - dextrose KW - Computer programs KW - Noctilio KW - Necrosis KW - Solanum tuberosum KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Pests KW - Hatching KW - Borers KW - Mortality KW - Plant diseases KW - Dieback KW - Abdomen KW - Oryza sativa KW - Vectors KW - Spacer KW - Toxins KW - White rot KW - Homology KW - Quarantine KW - Primers KW - Oviposition KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - Z 05330:Reproduction and Development KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20024631?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Disease&rft.atitle=First+Report+of+Amylostereum+areolatum+in+Pines+in+the+United+States&rft.au=Wilson%2C+AD%3BSchiff%2C+N+M%3BHaugen%2C+DA%3BHoebeke%2C+E+R&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=AD&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=108&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Disease&rft.issn=01912917&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPDIS-93-1-0108A LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pure culture; Galleries; Agar; Foliage; Trees; Food; Forests; Mucus; Infection; Eggs; Wilting; dextrose; Computer programs; Necrosis; Polymerase chain reaction; Pests; Hatching; Borers; Mortality; Plant diseases; Dieback; Abdomen; Vectors; Spacer; Toxins; White rot; Homology; Quarantine; Primers; Oviposition; Noctilio; Solanum tuberosum; Oryza sativa; Pinus; Sirex DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-93-1-0108A ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Freezing in non-acclimated oats. II: Thermal response and histology of recovery in gradual and rapidly frozen plants AN - 19919868; 8848557 AB - Freezing in winter cereals is a complex phenomenon that can affect various plant tissues differently. To better understand how freezing affects specific tissue in the over wintering organ (crown) of winter cereal crops, non-acclimated oats (Avena sativa L.) were gradually frozen to -3 degree C and tissue damage during recovery was compared to plants that had been supercooled to -3 degree C and then frozen suddenly. Percentage of total water frozen, was the same whether crowns were frozen suddenly or gradually although the rate of freezing was considerably different. For example, all available water froze within 3 h in suddenly frozen crowns but it took more than 15 h for all available water to freeze in gradually frozen crowns. When plants were suddenly frozen, cells in the apical meristem were disrupted and apparently killed. In these plants re-growth was limited or non-existent. In contrast, the apical region of plants that were slowly frozen appeared undamaged but extensive vessel plugging was observed in cells of the lower crown, possibly from accumulation of phenolics or from microbial proliferation. These histological observations along with the calorimetric analysis suggested that the apical region was killed by intracellular freezing when frozen suddenly while the crown core was damaged by a process, which either induced production of putative phenolic compounds by the plant and/or permitted what appeared to be microbial proliferation in metaxylem vessels. JF - Thermochimica Acta AU - Livingston, David P AU - Tallury, Shyamalrau P AD - USDA and North Carolina State University, 840 Method Rd., Unit 3, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States, dpl@unity.ncsu.edu Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 20 EP - 27 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 481 IS - 1-2 SN - 0040-6031, 0040-6031 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Freezing tolerance KW - Oats KW - Avena sativa KW - Super cooling KW - Latent heat KW - Isothermal calorimeter KW - Histology KW - Triple stain KW - Paraffin embedding KW - Apical meristem KW - Crown core KW - Crop KW - Cereals KW - Meristems KW - Freezing KW - phenolic compounds KW - Cell proliferation KW - A 01320:Microbial Degradation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19919868?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Thermochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Freezing+in+non-acclimated+oats.+II%3A+Thermal+response+and+histology+of+recovery+in+gradual+and+rapidly+frozen+plants&rft.au=Livingston%2C+David+P%3BTallury%2C+Shyamalrau+P&rft.aulast=Livingston&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=481&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=20&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Thermochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00406031&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.tca.2008.09.024 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Crop; Meristems; Cereals; Freezing; phenolic compounds; Cell proliferation; Avena sativa DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2008.09.024 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of Salmonella isolates from retail foods based on serotyping, pulse field gel electrophoresis, antibiotic resistance and other phenotypic properties AN - 19798214; 8843885 AB - Sixteen Salmonella strains isolated from a variety of foods during 2000 and 2003 by the Florida State Department of Agriculture were characterized by various genotypic and phenotypic tests. Among 16 isolates, 15 different serotypes were identified. Pulse-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) fingerprinting profiles obtained using restriction endonucleases XbaI and BlnI revealed that 16 Salmonella isolates were genetically diverse with 16 unique PFGE patterns. The PFGE pattern of eight isolates matched with the CDC/FDA data base of previous outbreaks and clinical isolates indicating their potential to cause disease. With the exception of isolates obtained from alligator meat (tetracycline resistant) and orange juice (chloramphenicol and sulfisoxazole resistant), the remainder of the isolates were susceptible to the panel of 15 antimicrobials tested. Molecular subtyping was further complimented by a variety of phenotypic tests such as acid-tolerance, Caco-2 cell invasion and biofilm formation which have often been used as a gauge of virulence and infection potential of Salmonella isolates. The induced acid tolerance level of the isolate obtained from orange juice was not significantly different from the laboratory reference strain S. enterica serovar Typhimurium SL1344. Six isolates exhibited very low levels of constitutive acid-tolerance, of which four isolates failed to infect differentiated Caco-2 cells. Although all isolates formed biofilms, there was no clear relation between the ability to form biofilms, infect differentiated Caco-2 cells and induce acid-tolerance. This study indicated that different serotypes of Salmonella were present in a variety of retail foods and exhibited diverse phenotypic characteristics. JF - International Journal of Food Microbiology AU - Xia, Xiaodong AU - Zhao, Shaohua AU - Smith, Allen AU - McEvoy, James AU - Meng, Jianghong AU - Bhagwat, Arvind A AD - Produce Quality and Safety Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Bldg. 002, BARC-W, Beltsville, MD 20705-2350, United States, arvind.bhagwat@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 93 EP - 98 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 129 IS - 1 SN - 0168-1605, 0168-1605 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Salmonella KW - Pulse field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) KW - DNA fingerprinting KW - Food-borne pathogens KW - Citrus KW - Clinical isolates KW - Agriculture KW - Chloramphenicol KW - Serotypes KW - Serotyping KW - Sulfisoxazole KW - Tetracyclines KW - Infection KW - Gel electrophoresis KW - Virulence KW - Meat KW - Fruit juices KW - Databases KW - Alligator KW - Biofilms KW - Endonuclease KW - Antibiotic resistance KW - J 02320:Cell Biology KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology KW - G 07770:Bacteria UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19798214?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Food+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+Salmonella+isolates+from+retail+foods+based+on+serotyping%2C+pulse+field+gel+electrophoresis%2C+antibiotic+resistance+and+other+phenotypic+properties&rft.au=Xia%2C+Xiaodong%3BZhao%2C+Shaohua%3BSmith%2C+Allen%3BMcEvoy%2C+James%3BMeng%2C+Jianghong%3BBhagwat%2C+Arvind+A&rft.aulast=Xia&rft.aufirst=Xiaodong&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=129&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Food+Microbiology&rft.issn=01681605&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ijfoodmicro.2008.11.007 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agriculture; Clinical isolates; Chloramphenicol; Serotypes; Sulfisoxazole; Serotyping; Infection; Tetracyclines; Gel electrophoresis; Meat; Virulence; Databases; Fruit juices; DNA fingerprinting; Biofilms; Endonuclease; Antibiotic resistance; Citrus; Alligator; Salmonella DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2008.11.007 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rapid transcriptional response of apple to fire blight disease revealed by cDNA suppression subtractive hybridization analysis AN - 19797374; 8837626 AB - Fire blight, caused by the bacterium Erwinia amylovora, is a destructive disease of many tree and shrub species of the Rosaceae. Suppression subtractive cDNA hybridization (SSH) was used to identify genes that are differentially up- and down-regulated in apple (Malus x domestica) in response to challenge with E. amylovora. cDNA libraries were constructed from E. amylovora- and mock-challenged apple leaf tissue at various time intervals after challenge treatment, ranging from 0.25 to 72 h post-inoculation (hpi), and utilized in SSH. Gel electrophoresis of PCR- amplified SSH cDNAs indicated a greater quantity and size diversity in the down-regulated EST population at early times after challenge (1 and 2 hpi) compared to early up-regulated sequences and to sequences down-regulated at later (24 and 48 hpi) times after challenge. A total of 468 non-redundant Malus ESTs isolated by SSH in response to E. amylovora challenge were characterized by bioinformatic analysis. Many of ESTs identified following E. amylovora challenge of apple were similar to genes previously reported to respond to bacterial challenge in Arabidopsis thaliana. The results indicate that there was a substantial early (1 and 2 hpi) transcriptional response in apple to fire blight disease involving both the down- and up- regulation of host genes. Additionally, genes identified responding to fire blight challenge early (1 and 2 hpi) differed from those identified later (25, 48, and 72 hpi) in the infection process. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi: JF - Tree Genetics & Genomes AU - Norelli, John L AU - Jr., Robert EFarrell AU - Bassett, Carole L AU - Baldo, Angela M AU - Lalli, Donna A AU - Aldwinckle, Herb S AU - Wisniewski, Michael E AD - Appalachian Fruit Research Station, USDA-ARS, 2217 Wiltshire Rd., Kearneysville, WV 25430, USA, jay.norelli@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 27 EP - 40 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany, [mailto:subscriptions@springer.de], [URL:http://www.springer.de/] VL - 5 IS - 1 SN - 1614-2942, 1614-2942 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Rosaceae KW - Plant pathogenic bacteria KW - Tree Fruit diseases KW - Gala KW - Expressed sequence tag KW - Gene regulation J. L. Norelli and R. E. Farrell Jr contributed equally to the design and execution of the experiments in this paper. KW - Genomes KW - Shrubs KW - Fires KW - Trees KW - Leaves KW - Transcription KW - Infection KW - expressed sequence tags KW - Hybridization analysis KW - Gel electrophoresis KW - Arabidopsis thaliana KW - Gene regulation KW - Blight KW - Malus KW - Bioinformatics KW - Erwinia amylovora KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases KW - A 01390:Forestry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19797374?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tree+Genetics+%26+Genomes&rft.atitle=Rapid+transcriptional+response+of+apple+to+fire+blight+disease+revealed+by+cDNA+suppression+subtractive+hybridization+analysis&rft.au=Norelli%2C+John+L%3BJr.%2C+Robert+EFarrell%3BBassett%2C+Carole+L%3BBaldo%2C+Angela+M%3BLalli%2C+Donna+A%3BAldwinckle%2C+Herb+S%3BWisniewski%2C+Michael+E&rft.aulast=Norelli&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=27&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Tree+Genetics+%26+Genomes&rft.issn=16142942&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11295-008-0164-y LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Shrubs; Genomes; Fires; Trees; Leaves; Transcription; Infection; expressed sequence tags; Gel electrophoresis; Hybridization analysis; Blight; Gene regulation; Bioinformatics; Arabidopsis thaliana; Rosaceae; Malus; Erwinia amylovora DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11295-008-0164-y ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fungal volatilization of trivalent and pentavalent arsenic under laboratory conditions AN - 19748878; 8600790 AB - Production of volatile derivatives of arsenic was studied using pure cultures of different fungal strains under laboratory conditions. Arsenic was used in its trivalent and pentavalent forms to evaluate the effect of arsenic valency on its biovolatilization. The average amount of volatilized arsenic for all fungal strains ranged from 0.026 mg to 0.257 mg and 0.024 mg to 0.191 mg of trivalent and pentavalent arsenic, respectively. These results show that approximately 23% of arsenic was volatilized from all culture media originally enriched with approximately 4 and 17 mg L super(-1) of arsenic in trivalent form. The average amount of biovolatilized arsenic from culture media originally enriched with 4 and 17 mg L super(-1) of arsenic in pentavalent form was 24% and 16%, respectively. The order of ability of arsenic biovolatilization is Neosartorya fischeri > Aspergillus clavatus > Aspergillus niger. Toxicity and fungal resistance to trivalent and pentavalent arsenic were also evaluated based on radial growth and biomass weight. JF - Bioresource Technology AU - Cernansky, Slavomir AU - Kolencik, Marek AU - Sevc, Jaroslav AU - Urik, Martin AU - Hiller, Edgar AD - Department of Ecosozology and Physiotactics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynska dolina, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia, cernanskys@fns.uniba.sk Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 1037 EP - 1040 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 100 IS - 2 SN - 0960-8524, 0960-8524 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Biovolatilization KW - Arsenic KW - Fungi KW - Toxicity KW - Pure culture KW - Valency KW - Volatiles KW - Neosartorya fischeri KW - Volatilization KW - Biomass KW - Aspergillus niger KW - Media (culture) KW - K 03330:Biochemistry KW - W 30945:Fermentation & Cell Culture KW - G 07780:Fungi KW - A 01300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19748878?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioresource+Technology&rft.atitle=Fungal+volatilization+of+trivalent+and+pentavalent+arsenic+under+laboratory+conditions&rft.au=Cernansky%2C+Slavomir%3BKolencik%2C+Marek%3BSevc%2C+Jaroslav%3BUrik%2C+Martin%3BHiller%2C+Edgar&rft.aulast=Cernansky&rft.aufirst=Slavomir&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=100&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=1037&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioresource+Technology&rft.issn=09608524&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biortech.2008.07.030 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pure culture; Valency; Arsenic; Volatiles; Volatilization; Toxicity; Biomass; Media (culture); Neosartorya fischeri; Aspergillus niger DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2008.07.030 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of Aphanomyces Root Rot on Carbohydrate Impurities and Sucrose Extractability in Postharvest Sugar Beet AN - 19672375; 9016187 AB - Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) roots with rot caused by Aphanomyces cochlioides often are incorporated into storage piles even though effects of disease on processing properties are unknown. Roots with Aphanomyces root rot were harvested from six fields over 2 years. For each field, roots with similar disease symptoms were combined and assigned a root rot index (RRI) value (0 to 100; 0, no rot symptoms; 100, all roots severely rotted). After 20 or 120 days storage at 4C and 95% relative humidity, concentrations of the major carbohydrate impurities that accumulate during storage and sucrose extractability were determined. Root rot affected carbohydrate impurity concentrations and sucrose extractability in direct relation to disease severity symptoms. Generally, roots with active and severe infection (RRI , 85) exhibited elevated glucose and fructose concentrations 20 and 120 days after harvest (DAH), elevated raffinose concentration 120 DAH, and reduced sucrose extractability 20 and 120 DAH. Roots with minor or moderate disease symptoms (RRI 20 to 69), or damaged roots with no signs of active infection, had similar carbohydrate impurity concentrations and sucrose extractability after 20 and 120 days storage. Processing properties declined when RRIs exceeded 43, as determined by regression analysis, or when storage duration increased from 20 to 120 days. Results indicate that both disease severity and anticipated duration of storage be considered before Aphanomyces-infected roots are incorporated into storage piles. JF - Plant Disease AU - Klotz, K L AU - Campbell, L G AD - USDA-ARS, Northern Crop Science Laboratory, P.O. Box 5677, University Station, Fargo, ND 58105-5677, USA, karen.klotz@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 94 EP - 99 VL - 93 IS - 1 SN - 0191-2917, 0191-2917 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Relative humidity KW - Plant diseases KW - raffinose KW - Aphanomyces KW - Aphanomyces cochlioides KW - Beta vulgaris KW - Impurities KW - Glucose KW - Infection KW - Root rot KW - Sucrose KW - Fructose KW - Regression analysis KW - Carbohydrates KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19672375?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Disease&rft.atitle=Effects+of+Aphanomyces+Root+Rot+on+Carbohydrate+Impurities+and+Sucrose+Extractability+in+Postharvest+Sugar+Beet&rft.au=Klotz%2C+K+L%3BCampbell%2C+L+G&rft.aulast=Klotz&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=94&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Disease&rft.issn=01912917&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPDIS-93-1-0094 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Relative humidity; Plant diseases; raffinose; Sucrose; Fructose; Impurities; Regression analysis; Glucose; Carbohydrates; Infection; Root rot; Beta vulgaris; Aphanomyces cochlioides; Aphanomyces DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-93-1-0094 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - First Report of Bacterial Blight on Conventionally and Organically Grown Arugula in Nevada Caused by Pseiidomonas syringae pv. attsalensis AN - 19671324; 9016198 AB - In 2007, leaf spots were observed on arugula (Eruca vesicaria subsp. sativa cv. My Way) grown under sprinkler irrigation for fresh market in conventional and organic production fields located above 1,200 m (4,000 feet) in Nevada (NV). Approximately 30% of each planting was affected. Initially, symptoms consisted of small (0.80) to P. syringae. Amplification of DNA between repetitive bacterial sequences (rep-PCR) using the BOXA1R primer resulted in identical banding patterns for the NV arugula strains and P. syringae pv. alisalensis from arugula in California. Koch's postulates were completed by confirming pathogenicity of the isolated strains on the arugula cvs. Italian and Astro. Strains were grown on nutrient agar for 48 h at 27C, adjusted to 10 super(8) CFU/ml in sterile 0.01 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), and spray inoculated until runoff onto 2- to 3-week-old plants. Control plants were similarly sprayed with sterile phosphate buffer. Plants were held for 2 days in a mist chamber and 7 days on a greenhouse bench (24 to 26C). Angular lesions similar to symptoms observed on the original plants developed on leaves of all inoculated arugula plants. In addition, some plants developed blackening of the smaller veins accompanied by chlorosis of the surrounding interveinal tissue in 10- to 20-mm diameter areas of the leaves. Small black lesions (as much as 10 mm long) were also observed on the petioles. Bacterial strains reisolated from the symptomatic tissue were identical to P. syringae pv. alisalensis by rep-PCR. Control plants remained symptomless. Similar inoculation and incubation methods confirmed that the host range of the NV arugula isolates was identical to that of known strains of P. syringae pv. alisalensis. The arugula and P. syringae pv. alisalensis isolates caused leaf spots on broccoli raab (Brassica rapa subsp. rapa cv. Sorento) and oats (Avena sativa cv. Montezuma). Pathogenicity tests were repeated. This confirms that the leaf spot observed on conventionally and organically grown arugula in NV was caused by P. syringae pv. alisalensis. To our knowledge, this is the first report of this disease on arugula in NV. JF - Plant Disease AU - Bull, C T AU - du Toit, LJ AD - USDA/ARS, Salinas, CA, USA Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 109 VL - 93 IS - 1 SN - 0191-2917, 0191-2917 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Agar KW - Chlorosis KW - Host range KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Nutrients KW - Shot-hole KW - Eruca KW - Veins KW - levan KW - Pathogenicity KW - Solanum tuberosum KW - Blight KW - Planting KW - fatty acid methyl esters KW - Banding KW - pH effects KW - Pseudomonas syringae KW - Repeated DNA sequences KW - Bacteria KW - Plant diseases KW - Brassica rapa KW - Irrigation KW - Leaves KW - Downy mildew KW - Nicotiana tabacum KW - Brassica KW - Sporangiophores KW - Greenhouses KW - Phosphate KW - Avena sativa KW - Leafspot KW - Colony-forming cells KW - Inoculation KW - DNA KW - Rot KW - Primers KW - Runoff KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19671324?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Women%27s+Review+of+Books&rft.atitle=What+is+to+be+done+--+Transforming+a+Rape+Culture+edited+by+Emilie+Buchwald%2C+Pamela+R.+Fletcher+and+Martha+Roth&rft.au=Neidorf%2C+Robin+M&rft.aulast=Neidorf&rft.aufirst=Robin&rft.date=1994-02-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=32&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Women%27s+Review+of+Books&rft.issn=07381433&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agar; Chlorosis; Host range; Nucleotide sequence; Nutrients; Shot-hole; Veins; Pathogenicity; levan; Planting; Blight; fatty acid methyl esters; Banding; pH effects; Repeated DNA sequences; Plant diseases; Irrigation; Leaves; Downy mildew; Sporangiophores; Greenhouses; Phosphate; Colony-forming cells; Leafspot; DNA; Inoculation; Primers; Rot; Runoff; Eruca; Bacteria; Brassica rapa; Solanum tuberosum; Avena sativa; Nicotiana tabacum; Brassica; Pseudomonas syringae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-93-1-0109A ER - TY - JOUR T1 - First Report of Leaf Spot Caused by Cercospora bizzozeriana on Lepidium draba in the United States AN - 19671006; 9016196 AB - The herbaceous perennial Lepidium draba L. is an invasive weed of rangelands and riparian areas in North America and Australia. As of 2002, it had infested 40,500 ha of rangeland in Oregon and large areas in Wyoming and Utah. Little is known of plant pathogens occurring on L. draba, especially in the United States, that could be useful for biological control of the weed. Leaf spots were first noted on a stand of L. draba near Shepherd, MT in 1997. The spots were mostly circular but sometimes irregularly shaped and whitish to pale yellow. The pathogen was erroneously assumed to be Cercospora beticola since its morphological traits closely resembled that species and the area had large fields of sugar beet with heavy Cercospora leaf spot incidence. Diseased leaves of L. draba were collected in 1997 and 2007. Conidia, borne singly on dark gray, unbranched conidiophores produced on dark stromata late in the season, were elongate, hyaline, multiseptate, 38 to 120 x 2 to 6 km (mostly 38 to 50 x 2 to 5 km) and had bluntly rounded tips and wider, truncate bases. These characteristics were consistent with the description of C. bizzozeriana Saccardo & Berlese. To isolate the fungus, spores were picked from fascicles of conidiophores with a fine-tipped glass rod, suspended in sterile water, and spread on plates of water agar. Germinated spores were transferred to potato dextrose agar (PDA). The ITS1, 5.8S, and ITS2 sequences of this fungus (GenBank Accession No. EU887131) were identical to sequences of an isolate of C. bizzozeriana from Tunisia (GenBank Accession No. DQ370428). However, these sequences were also identical to those of a number of Cercospora spp. in GenBank, including C. beticola. We also compared the actin gene sequences of the Montana isolate of C. bizzozeriana (GenBank Accession No. FJ205397) and an isolate of C. beticola from Montana (GenBank Accession No. AF443281); the sequences were 94.6% similar, an appreciable difference. For pathogenicity tests, cultures were grown on carrot leaf decoction agar. Aqueous suspensions of 10 super(4) spores per ml from cultures were sprayed on 6-week-old L. draba plants. Plants were covered with plastic bags and placed on the greenhouse bench at 20 to 25Cfor 96 h. Koch's postulates were completed by reisolating the fungus from the circular leaf spots that appeared within 10 days, usually on lower leaves. Spores of C. bizzozeriana were also sprayed on seedlings of sugar beet, collard, mustard, radish, cabbage, and kale under conditions identical to those above. No symptoms occurred. After the discovery of the disease in 1997, plants of L. draba in eastern Montana, Wyoming, and Utah were surveyed from 1998 to 2003 for similar symptoms and signs, but none were found. This, to our knowledge, is the first report of C. bizzozeriana in the United States. The initial report of the fungus in North America was from Manitoba in 1938. It has recently been reported as occurring on L. draba in Tunisia and Russia and is reported as common in Europe. A voucher specimen has been deposited with the U.S. National Fungus Collections (BPI No. 878750A). JF - Plant Disease AU - Caesar, A J AU - Lartey, R T AU - Berner, D K AU - Souissi, T AD - USDA/ARS Northern Plains Agricultural Research Lab, Sidney, MT, USA Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 108 VL - 93 IS - 1 SN - 0191-2917, 0191-2917 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Biological control KW - Weeds KW - Agar KW - Daucus KW - Cercospora beticola KW - dextrose KW - Cercospora KW - Pathogenicity KW - Solanum tuberosum KW - Actin KW - Plastics KW - Lepidium KW - Plant diseases KW - Draba KW - Leaves KW - Conidia KW - Pathogens KW - Brassica KW - Greenhouses KW - Rangelands KW - Leafspot KW - Morphology KW - Seedlings KW - Spores KW - A 01370:Biological Control KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19671006?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Disease&rft.atitle=First+Report+of+Leaf+Spot+Caused+by+Cercospora+bizzozeriana+on+Lepidium+draba+in+the+United+States&rft.au=Caesar%2C+A+J%3BLartey%2C+R+T%3BBerner%2C+D+K%3BSouissi%2C+T&rft.aulast=Caesar&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=108&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Disease&rft.issn=01912917&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FPDIS-93-1-0108B LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological control; Agar; Weeds; Plant diseases; Leaves; Conidia; Pathogens; Greenhouses; dextrose; Rangelands; Pathogenicity; Leafspot; Morphology; Seedlings; Actin; Plastics; Spores; Cercospora; Draba; Solanum tuberosum; Daucus; Brassica; Lepidium; Cercospora beticola DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-93-1-0108B ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Invasion of a West Everglades wetland by Melaleuca quinquenervia countered by classical biological control AN - 19661969; 9011954 AB - The population dynamics of Melaleuca quinquenervia were monitored over a 5-year period in a cypress-pine wetland while subjected to two levels of herbivory. The trees had been recruited during 1998-1999 after a destructive crown fire. Half of 26 experimental plots were sprayed every 4-6 weeks with an insecticide to reduce herbivory by the biological control agents Oxyops vitiosa and Boreioglycaspis melaleucae. After only 1-year melaleuca density increased by 26% in sprayed plots and by 7% in unsprayed plots. However, over the entire 5-year period melaleuca density increased in sprayed plots by 0.1% while decreasing by 47.9% in unsprayed plots when compared to initial densities. Annual mortality of melaleuca never exceeded 6% in any year in sprayed plots but ranged from 11% to 25% in unsprayed plots. There was a significant year by treatment interaction indicating the importance of the environment on tree mortality. Limited seed production occurred on sprayed trees but never on unsprayed trees. Mean tree height increased by 19.6% in sprayed plots while declining by 30.6% in unsprayed plots. Coverage by native vegetation did not increase with decreasing melaleuca density. This is the first study with controls that quantifies the population level regulation of melaleuca by introduced biological control agents and corroborates other correlative studies that documented significant changes in melaleuca communities after the introduction and establishment of biological control agents. JF - Biological Control AU - Tipping, Philip W AU - Martin, Melissa R AU - Nimmo, Kayla R AU - Pierce, Ryan M AU - Smart, Matthew D AU - White, Emily AU - Madeira, Paul T AU - Center, Ted D AD - USDA-ARS, Invasive Plant Research Laboratory, 3205 College Avenue, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33314, USA, philip.tipping@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 73 EP - 78 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 48 IS - 1 SN - 1049-9644, 1049-9644 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Entomology Abstracts KW - Weed biological control KW - Melaleuca KW - Florida Everglades KW - Community level impacts KW - Biological control KW - Mortality KW - Fires KW - Seeds KW - Trees KW - Herbivory KW - Vegetation KW - Population dynamics KW - Oxyops vitiosa KW - Coverage KW - Insecticides KW - Melaleuca quinquenervia KW - Wetlands KW - Population levels KW - Z 05350:Medical, Veterinary, and Agricultural Entomology KW - A 01370:Biological Control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19661969?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biological+Control&rft.atitle=Invasion+of+a+West+Everglades+wetland+by+Melaleuca+quinquenervia+countered+by+classical+biological+control&rft.au=Tipping%2C+Philip+W%3BMartin%2C+Melissa+R%3BNimmo%2C+Kayla+R%3BPierce%2C+Ryan+M%3BSmart%2C+Matthew+D%3BWhite%2C+Emily%3BMadeira%2C+Paul+T%3BCenter%2C+Ted+D&rft.aulast=Tipping&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=73&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biological+Control&rft.issn=10499644&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biocontrol.2008.08.018 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological control; Fires; Mortality; Coverage; Seeds; Insecticides; Trees; Herbivory; Vegetation; Population levels; Wetlands; Population dynamics; Oxyops vitiosa; Melaleuca; Melaleuca quinquenervia DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2008.08.018 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Crop coefficients and water use for cowpea in the San Joaquin Valley of California AN - 19589456; 8770771 AB - To improve irrigation planning and management, a modified soil water balance method was used to determine the crop coefficients and water use for cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) in an area with a semi-arid climate. A sandy 0.8-ha field was irrigated with a subsurface drip irrigation system, and the soil moisture was closely monitored for two full seasons. The procedure used was one developed for cotton by DeTar [DeTar, W.R., 2004. Using a subsurface drip irrigation system to measure crop water use. Irrig. Sci. 23, 111-122]. Using a test and validate procedure, we first developed a double sigmoidal model to fit the data from the first season, and then we determined how well the data from the second season fit this model. One of the results of this procedure was that during the early part of the season, the crop coefficients were more closely related to days-after-planting (DAP) than to growing-degree-days (GDDs). For the full season, there was little difference in correlations for the various models using DAP and GDD. When the data from the two seasons were merged, the average value for the crop coefficient during the mid-season plateau was 0.986 for the coefficient used with pan evaporation, and it was 1.211 for the coefficient used with a modified Penman equation for ET sub(0) from the California Irrigation Management and Information System (CIMIS). For the Penman-Monteith (P-M) equation, the coefficient was 1.223. These coefficients are about 11% higher than for cotton in the same field with the same irrigation system. A model was developed for the merged data, and when it was combined with the normal weather data for this area, it was possible to predict normal water use on a weekly, monthly and seasonal basis. The normal seasonal water use for cowpea in this area was 669mm. One of the main findings was that the water use by the cowpea was more closely correlated with pan evaporation than it was with the reference ET from CIMIS or P-M. JF - Agricultural Water Management AU - DeTar, W R AD - USDA-ARS, 17053 N. Shafter Avenue, Shafter, CA 93263, USA, bill.detar@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DA - Jan 2009 SP - 53 EP - 66 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 96 IS - 1 SN - 0378-3774, 0378-3774 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water Management KW - Cotton KW - Irrigation Systems KW - USA, California, San Joaquin Valley KW - Pan Evaporation KW - USA, California KW - Soil Water KW - Drip Irrigation KW - Crops KW - Water Use KW - Model Studies KW - SW 1060:Conservation in agricultural use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19589456?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agricultural+Water+Management&rft.atitle=Crop+coefficients+and+water+use+for+cowpea+in+the+San+Joaquin+Valley+of+California&rft.au=DeTar%2C+W+R&rft.aulast=DeTar&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=96&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=53&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agricultural+Water+Management&rft.issn=03783774&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.agwat.2008.06.011 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cotton; Water Management; Irrigation Systems; Pan Evaporation; Soil Water; Drip Irrigation; Crops; Model Studies; Water Use; USA, California, San Joaquin Valley; USA, California DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2008.06.011 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geomorphology of MODIS-visible dust plumes in the Chihuahuan Desert - preliminary results AN - 1832663007; 711473-112 JF - Eos (Washington, DC) AU - Gill, T E AU - Mbuh, M Joseph AU - Dominguez, M A AU - Lee, Jeff A AU - Baddock, Matthew C AU - Lee, Catherine E AU - Whitehead, S C AU - Rivera Rivera, Nancy I AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - Abstract noEP21A EP - 0569 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 90 IS - 52, SUPPL. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832663007?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos+%28Washington%2C+DC%29&rft.atitle=Geomorphology+of+MODIS-visible+dust+plumes+in+the+Chihuahuan+Desert+-+preliminary+results&rft.au=Gill%2C+T+E%3BMbuh%2C+M+Joseph%3BDominguez%2C+M+A%3BLee%2C+Jeff+A%3BBaddock%2C+Matthew+C%3BLee%2C+Catherine+E%3BWhitehead%2C+S+C%3BRivera+Rivera%2C+Nancy+I%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gill&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=90&rft.issue=52%2C+SUPPL.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos+%28Washington%2C+DC%29&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%292324-9250 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AGU 2009 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing the dust generation potential of soils/sediments in Southern Kalahari AN - 1832661400; 711473-105 JF - Eos (Washington, DC) AU - Bhattachan, A AU - D'Odorico, Paolo AU - Zobeck, Ted M AU - Okin, G S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - Abstract noEP21A EP - 0562 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 90 IS - 52, SUPPL. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832661400?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos+%28Washington%2C+DC%29&rft.atitle=Assessing+the+dust+generation+potential+of+soils%2Fsediments+in+Southern+Kalahari&rft.au=Bhattachan%2C+A%3BD%27Odorico%2C+Paolo%3BZobeck%2C+Ted+M%3BOkin%2C+G+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bhattachan&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=90&rft.issue=52%2C+SUPPL.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos+%28Washington%2C+DC%29&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%292324-9250 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AGU 2009 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pesticide Transport with Runoff from Turf: Observations Compared with TurfPQ Model Simulations AN - 1777129936; 11840061 AB - Pesticides applied to turf grass have been detected in surface waters raising concerns of their effect on water quality and interest in their source, hydrological transport and use of models to predict transport. TurfPQ, a pesticide runoff model for turf grass, predicts pesticide transport but has not been rigorously validated for larger storms. The objective of this study was to determine TurfPQ's ability to accurately predict the transport of pesticides with runoff following more intense precipitation. The study was conducted with creeping bentgrass [Agrostis palustris Huds.] turf managed as a golf course fairway. A pesticide mixture containing dicamba, 2,4-D, MCPP, flutolanil, and chlorpyrifos was applied to six adjacent 24.4 by 6.1 m plots. Controlled rainfall simulations were conducted using a rainfall simulator designed to deliver water droplets similar to natural rain. Runoff flow rates and volume were measured and water samples were collected for analysis of pesticide concentrations. Six simulations yielded 13 events with which to test TurfPQ. Measured mean percentage of applied pesticide recovered in the runoff for dicamba, 2,4-D, MCPP, flutolanil, and chlorpyrifos was 24.6, 20.7, 14.9, 5.9, and 0.8%, respectively. The predicted mean values produced by TurfPQ were 13.7, 15.6, 15.5, 2.5, and 0.2%, respectively. The model produced correlations of r = 0.56 and 0.64 for curve number hydrology and measured hydrology, respectively. Comparisons of the model estimates with our field observations indicate that TurfPQ under predicted pesticide runoff during 69.5 c 11.4 mm, 1.9 c 0.2 h, simulated storms. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Kramer, Kirsten E AU - Rice, Pamela J AU - Horgan, Brian P AU - Rittenhouse, Jennifer L AU - King, Kevin W AD - USDA-ARS, 1991 Upper Buford Circle, Room 439 Borlaug Hall, Saint Paul, MN 55108 Y1 - 2009///0, PY - 2009 DA - 0, 2009 SP - 2402 EP - 2411 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 South Segoe Rd Madison WI 53711 USA VL - 38 IS - 6 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Chlorpyrifos KW - Mathematical models KW - Droplets KW - Computer simulation KW - Transport KW - Pesticides KW - Hydrology KW - Runoff UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1777129936?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Pesticide+Transport+with+Runoff+from+Turf%3A+Observations+Compared+with+TurfPQ+Model+Simulations&rft.au=Kramer%2C+Kirsten+E%3BRice%2C+Pamela+J%3BHorgan%2C+Brian+P%3BRittenhouse%2C+Jennifer+L%3BKing%2C+Kevin+W&rft.aulast=Kramer&rft.aufirst=Kirsten&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2402&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fjeq2008.0433 L2 - http://jeq.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/38/6/2402.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2008.0433 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of Hydrology and Field Management on Phosphorus Transport in Surface Runoff AN - 1777122653; 11840049 AB - Phosphorus (P) losses from agricultural landscapes arise from the interaction of hydrologic, edaphic, and management factors, complicated by their spatial and temporal variability. We monitored sites along two agricultural hillslopes to assess the effects of field management and hydrology on P transfers in surface runoff at different landscape positions. Surface runoff varied by landscape position, with saturation excess runoff accounting for 19 times the volume of infiltration excess runoff at the north footslope position, but infiltration excess runoff dominated at upslope landscape positions. Runoff differed significantly between south and north footslopes, coinciding with the extent of upslope soil underlain by a fragipan. Phosphorus in runoff was predominantly in dissolved reactive form (70%), with the highest concentrations associated with upper landscape positions closest to fields serving as major sources of P. However, the largest loads of P were from the north footslope, where runoff volumes were 24 times larger than from all other sites combined. Loads of P from the north footslope appeared to be primarily chronic transfers of desorbed soil P. Although runoff from the footslope likely contributed directly to stream flow and hence to stream water quality, 27% of runoff P from the upslope sites did not connect directly with stream flow. Findings of this study will be useful for evaluating the critical source area concept and metrics such as the P- Index. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Buda, Anthony R AU - Kleinman, Peter JA AU - Srinivasan AU - Bryant, Ray B AU - Feyereisen, Gary W AD - USDA-ARS, Bldg. 3702 Curtin Road, University Park, PA 16802 Y1 - 2009///0, PY - 2009 DA - 0, 2009 SP - 2273 EP - 2284 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 South Segoe Rd Madison WI 53711 USA VL - 38 IS - 6 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Management KW - Farmlands KW - Phosphorus KW - Infiltration KW - Landscapes KW - Hydrology KW - Streams KW - Runoff KW - Freshwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1777122653?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Effects+of+Hydrology+and+Field+Management+on+Phosphorus+Transport+in+Surface+Runoff&rft.au=Buda%2C+Anthony+R%3BKleinman%2C+Peter+JA%3BSrinivasan%3BBryant%2C+Ray+B%3BFeyereisen%2C+Gary+W&rft.aulast=Buda&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2273&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fjeq2008.0501 L2 - http://jeq.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/38/6/2273.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2008.0501 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of Gypsum Applied to Grass Buffer Strips on Reducing Soluble P in Surface Water Runoff AN - 1777115296; 10262484 AB - The threat of P transport from land applied manure has resulted in water quality concerns. Research was conducted to evaluate gypsum as a soil amendment applied to grass buffer strips for reducing soluble P in surface runoff. A simulated concentrated flow was created in an established tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) pasture. Poultry litter (PL) was applied at a rate of 250 kg N ha super(-1) to the upper 3.05 m of each plot, while gypsum was applied at rates of 0, 1, 3.2, and 5.6 Mg ha-1to the lower 1.52 m of the plot functioning as a grass buffer strip. Two 30-min runoff events (64 L min super(-1)) were conducted, immediately after PL application and 4 wk later to determined soluble P concentration in the surface water samples. The greatest concentration of soluble P was in the runoff event occurring immediately after the PL application. Gypsum applied to grass buffer strips was effective in reducing soluble P concentrations (32- 40%) in surface runoff, while the untreated buffer strip was somewhat effective in reducing soluble P (18%). No significant differences were observed between gypsum rates, suggesting that land managers would achieve the greatest benefit from the lowest application rate (1Mgha super(-1)). In the second runoff event, although concentrations of soluble P in the surface water runoff were greatly reduced, the effect of gypsum had disappeared. Thus, these results show that gypsum is most effective in reducing the initial P losses from PL application when applied to grass buffer strips. The information obtained from this study may be useful in aiding land managers in developing management practices that reduce soluble P loss at the edge of a field. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Watts, D B AU - Torbert, HA AD - USDA-ARS, National Soil Dynamics Lab., 41 S. Donahue Dr., Auburn, AL 36832 dwatts@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009///0, PY - 2009 DA - 0, 2009 SP - 1511 EP - 1517 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 South Segoe Rd Madison WI 53711 USA VL - 38 IS - 4 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Litter KW - Gypsum KW - Surface water KW - Land KW - Grasses KW - Buffers KW - Strip KW - Runoff UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1777115296?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Impact+of+Gypsum+Applied+to+Grass+Buffer+Strips+on+Reducing+Soluble+P+in+Surface+Water+Runoff&rft.au=Watts%2C+D+B%3BTorbert%2C+HA&rft.aulast=Watts&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1511&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fjeq2008.0378 L2 - http://jeq.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/38/4/1511.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2008.0378 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating Nonpoint Source Critical Source Area Contributions at the Watershed Scale AN - 1777114717; 10262498 AB - Areas with disproportionately high pollutant losses (i.e., critical source areas [CSAs]) have been widely recognized as priority areas for the control of nonpoint-source pollution. The identification and evaluation of CSAs at the watershed scale allows state and federal programs to implement soil and water conservation measures where they are needed most. Despite many potential advantages, many state and federal conservation programs do not actively target CSAs. There is a lack of research identifying the total CSA pollutant contribution at the watershed scale, and there is no quantitative assessment of program effectiveness if CSAs are actively targeted. The purpose of this research was to identify and quantify sediment and total phosphorus loads originating from CSAs at the watershed scale using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool. This research is a synthesis of CSA targeting studies performed in six Oklahoma priority watersheds from 2001 to 2007 to aid the Oklahoma Conservation Commission in the prioritized placement of subsidized conservation measures. Within these six watersheds, 5% of the land area yielded 50% of sediment and 34% of the phosphorus load. In watersheds dominated by agriculture, the worst 5% of agricultural land contributed, on average, 22% of the total agricultural pollutant load. Pollutant loads from these agricultural CSAs were more than four times greater than the average load from agricultural areas within the watershed. Conservation practices implemented in these areas can be more effective because they have the opportunity to treat more pollutant. The evaluation of CSAs and prioritized implementation of conservation measures at the watershed scale has the potential to significantly improve the effectiveness of state and federally sponsored water quality programs. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - White, Michael J AU - Storm, Daniel E AU - Busteed, Philip R AU - Stoodley, Scott H AU - Phillips, Shannon J AD - USDA-ARS, Grassland, Soil, and Water Research Lab., 808 East Blackland Rd., Temple, TX 76502-6712 mike.white@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009///0, PY - 2009 DA - 0, 2009 SP - 1654 EP - 1663 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 South Segoe Rd Madison WI 53711 USA VL - 38 IS - 4 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Pollutants KW - Assessments KW - Land KW - Farmlands KW - Priorities KW - Conservation KW - Watersheds KW - Sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1777114717?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Evaluating+Nonpoint+Source+Critical+Source+Area+Contributions+at+the+Watershed+Scale&rft.au=White%2C+Michael+J%3BStorm%2C+Daniel+E%3BBusteed%2C+Philip+R%3BStoodley%2C+Scott+H%3BPhillips%2C+Shannon+J&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1654&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fjeq2008.0375 L2 - http://jeq.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/38/4/1654.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2008.0375 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nitrous Oxide Production in an Eastern Corn Belt Soil: Sources and Redox Range AN - 1777114687; 10188733 AB - Nitrous oxide derived from soils is a main contributor to the greenhouse gas effect and a precursor to ozone-depleting substrates; however, the source processes and interacting controls are not well established. This study was conducted to estimate the magnitude and source (nitrification vs. denitrification) of N sub(2)O production as affected by the form of N fertilizer, soil water content, and redox potential (Eh). Soils from continuous corn (Zea mays L.) experimental plots with a history of eight consecutive years of either side-dressed urea-NH sub(4)NO sub(3) (UAN) or fall liquid swine manure (FM) were collected and N sub(2)O evolution was traced in both aerobic and anaerobic incubations using super(15)N labeling. Partitioning results were highly variable but suggested that enhanced denitrification occurred after an extreme increase in soil water content (from 45 to 90% water-filled pore space [WFPS]) while a more coupled nitrification-denitrification process drove N sub(2)O evolution at moderate water content (55% WFPS). Manured soils at high water contents registered shorter duration peaks but with higher overall N sub(2)O production rates than those observed at moderate water content (7-d weighted average of 0.61 vs. 0.09 kg N sub(2)O kg super(-1) soil h super(-1)). Under anoxic conditions, manured soils showed higher N sub(2)O production rates than UAN soils (up to 336 and 145 kg N sub(2)O kg super(-1) soil h super(-1), respectively) shortly after flooding, which coincided with a sharp drop in Eh (from 575 to 466 mV). Irrespective of the N source, a narrow, consistent Eh range for N sub(2)O production occurred under moderate reducing conditions (420-575 mV). These results indicate that soils receiving repeated manure application that are subject to intensive, recurrent soil rewetting events may be prone to higher N sub(2)O emissions. JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Hernandez-Ramirez, Guillermo AU - Brouder, Sylvie M AU - Smith, Douglas R AU - Van Scoyoc, George E AU - Michalski, Greg AD - USDA-ARS, National Soil Tilth Lab., Ames, IA 50011-3120 Y1 - 2009///0, PY - 2009 DA - 0, 2009 SP - 1182 EP - 1191 PB - Soil Science Society of America VL - 73 IS - 4 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Receiving KW - Moisture content KW - Nitrous oxides KW - Partitioning KW - Manure KW - Soil (material) KW - Corn KW - Evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1777114687?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=Nitrous+Oxide+Production+in+an+Eastern+Corn+Belt+Soil%3A+Sources+and+Redox+Range&rft.au=Hernandez-Ramirez%2C+Guillermo%3BBrouder%2C+Sylvie+M%3BSmith%2C+Douglas+R%3BVan+Scoyoc%2C+George+E%3BMichalski%2C+Greg&rft.aulast=Hernandez-Ramirez&rft.aufirst=Guillermo&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1182&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fsssaj2008.0183 L2 - http://soil.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/73/4/1182.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2008.0183 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uncertainty Evaluation of Coliform Bacteria Removal from Vegetated Filter Strip under Overland Flow Condition AN - 1777114524; 10262496 AB - Vegetated filter strips (VFS) have become an important component of water quality improvement by reducing sediment and nutrients transport to surface water. This management practice is also beneficial for controlling manure-borne pathogen transport to surface water. The objective of this work was to assess the VFS efficiency and evaluate the uncertainty in predicting the microbial pollutant removal from overland flow in VFS. We used the kinematic wave overland flow model as implemented in KINEROS2 coupled with the convective-dispersive overland transport model which accounts for the reversible attachment-detachment and surface straining of infiltrating bacteria. The model was successfully calibrated with experimental data obtained from a series of simulated rainfall experiments at vegetated and bare sandy loam and clay loam plots, where fecal coliforms were released from manure slurry applied on the top of the plots. The calibrated model was then used to assess the sensitivity of the VFS efficiency to the model parameters, rainfall duration, and intensity for a case study with a 6-m VFS placed at the edge of 200-m long field. The Monte Carlo simulations were also performed to evaluate the uncertainty associated with the VFS efficiency given the uncertainty in the model parameters and key inputs. The VFS efficiency was found to be <95% in 25%, <75% in 23%, and <25% in 20% of cases. Relatively long high-intensity rainfalls, low hydraulic conductivities, low net capillary drives of soil, and high soil moisture contents before rainfalls caused the partial failure of VFS to retain coliforms from the infiltration excess runoff. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Guber, A K AU - Yakirevich, A M AU - Sadeghi, A M AU - Pachepsky, YA AU - Shelton AD - USDA-ARS, Environmental Microbial Safety Lab., Bldg. 173, Powder Mill Rd., BARC-EAST, Beltsville, MD 20705 Y1 - 2009///0, PY - 2009 DA - 0, 2009 SP - 1636 EP - 1644 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 South Segoe Rd Madison WI 53711 USA VL - 38 IS - 4 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Bacteria KW - Filtration KW - Remediation KW - Pathogens KW - Water quality KW - Overland flow KW - Water pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1777114524?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Uncertainty+Evaluation+of+Coliform+Bacteria+Removal+from+Vegetated+Filter+Strip+under+Overland+Flow+Condition&rft.au=Guber%2C+A+K%3BYakirevich%2C+A+M%3BSadeghi%2C+A+M%3BPachepsky%2C+YA%3BShelton&rft.aulast=Guber&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1636&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fjeq2008.0328 L2 - http://jeq.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/38/4/1636.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2008.0328 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fertilizer Application Timing Influences Greenhouse Gas Fluxes Over a Growing Season AN - 1777114138; 10262489 AB - Microbial production and consumption of greenhouse gases (GHG) is influenced by temperature and nutrients, especially during the first few weeks after agricultural fertilization. The effect of fertilization on GHG fluxes should occur during and shortly after application, yet data indicating how application timing affects both GHG fluxes and crop yields during a growing season are lacking. We designed a replicated (n = 5) field experiment to test for the short-term effect of fertilizer application timing on fluxes of methane (CH sub(4)), carbon dioxide (CO sub(2)), and nitrous oxide (N sub(2)O) over a growing season in the northern Great Plains. Each 0.30-ha plot was planted to maize (Zea mays L.) and treated similarly with the exception of fertilizer timing: five plots were fertilized with urea in early spring (1 April) and five plots were fertilized with urea in late spring (13 May). We hypothesized time-integrated fluxes over a growing season would be greater for the late-spring treatment, resulting in a greater net GHG flux, as compared to the early-spring treatment. Data collected on 59 dates and integrated over a 5-mo time course indicated CO sub(2) fluxes were greater (P < 0.0001) and CH sub(4) fluxes were lower (P < 0.05) for soils fertilized in late spring. Net GHG flux was also significantly affected by treatment, with 0.84 c 0.11 kg CO sub(2) equivalents m super(-2) for early spring and 1.04 c 0.13 kg CO sub(2) equivalents m super(-2) for late spring. Nitrous oxide fluxes, however, were similar for both treatments. Results indicate fertilizer application timing influences net GHG emissions in dryland cropping systems. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Phillips, Rebecca L AU - Tanaka, Donald L AU - Archer, David W AU - Hanson, Jon D AD - USDA-ARS, Northern Great Plains Research Lab., 1701 10th Ave SW, Mandan, ND 58554. Rebecca.phillips@ars.usda.gov Y1 - 2009///0, PY - 2009 DA - 0, 2009 SP - 1569 EP - 1579 PB - American Society of Agronomy, 677 South Segoe Rd Madison WI 53711 USA VL - 38 IS - 4 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Time measurements KW - Nitrous oxides KW - Springs KW - Seasons KW - Microorganisms KW - Fertilizing KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Fluxes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1777114138?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Fertilizer+Application+Timing+Influences+Greenhouse+Gas+Fluxes+Over+a+Growing+Season&rft.au=Phillips%2C+Rebecca+L%3BTanaka%2C+Donald+L%3BArcher%2C+David+W%3BHanson%2C+Jon+D&rft.aulast=Phillips&rft.aufirst=Rebecca&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1569&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fjeq2008.0483 L2 - http://jeq.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/38/4/1569.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2008.0483 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geology and woodland expansion's influence on belowground carbon and nitrogen in the Great Basin U.S. AN - 1507182942; 2014-017439 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Rau, B M AU - Johnson, D W AU - Blank, R R AU - Lucchesi, Annmarie AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - Abstract B54B EP - 06 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 90 IS - 52, SUPPL. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - soils KW - forests KW - North America KW - land cover KW - soil profiles KW - carbon sequestration KW - Basin and Range Province KW - human activity KW - Great Basin KW - biochemistry KW - ecosystems KW - vegetation KW - forestation KW - nitrogen KW - geochemical cycle KW - carbon KW - parent materials KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1507182942?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Geology+and+woodland+expansion%27s+influence+on+belowground+carbon+and+nitrogen+in+the+Great+Basin+U.S.&rft.au=Rau%2C+B+M%3BJohnson%2C+D+W%3BBlank%2C+R+R%3BLucchesi%2C+Annmarie%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Rau&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=90&rft.issue=52%2C+SUPPL.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%292324-9250 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2009 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Basin and Range Province; biochemistry; carbon; carbon sequestration; ecosystems; forestation; forests; geochemical cycle; Great Basin; human activity; land cover; nitrogen; North America; parent materials; soil profiles; soils; United States; vegetation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Linear and non-linear effects of atmospheric CO2 and soils on plant productivity and soil CO2 efflux in grassland and switchgrass monocultures AN - 1507177283; 2014-017401 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Fay, Philip A AU - Polley, Wayne AU - Jin, Virginia AU - Procter, Andrew AU - Jackson, R B AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - Abstract B51A EP - 0299 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 90 IS - 52, SUPPL. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - soils KW - biochemistry KW - Texas KW - vegetation KW - geochemical cycle KW - carbon dioxide KW - grasses KW - carbon KW - grasslands KW - water content KW - carbon cycle KW - Mollisols KW - productivity KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1507177283?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Linear+and+non-linear+effects+of+atmospheric+CO2+and+soils+on+plant+productivity+and+soil+CO2+efflux+in+grassland+and+switchgrass+monocultures&rft.au=Fay%2C+Philip+A%3BPolley%2C+Wayne%3BJin%2C+Virginia%3BProcter%2C+Andrew%3BJackson%2C+R+B%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Fay&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=90&rft.issue=52%2C+SUPPL.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%292324-9250 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2009 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biochemistry; carbon; carbon cycle; carbon dioxide; geochemical cycle; grasses; grasslands; Mollisols; productivity; soils; Texas; United States; vegetation; water content ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carbon cycling at a temperate evergreen forest; a comparison of three ecosystem-model data assimilation systems at Howland, ME AN - 1507177249; 2014-017391 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Moore, David J AU - Richardson, A D AU - Ricciuto, D M AU - Hollinger, David AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2009 PY - 2009 DA - 2009 SP - Abstract B44A EP - 03 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 90 IS - 52, SUPPL. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - soils KW - respiration KW - forests KW - temperate environment KW - ecosystems KW - climate change KW - geochemical cycle KW - models KW - Penobscot County Maine KW - carbon KW - carbon cycle KW - Maine KW - Howland Maine KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1507177249?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Carbon+cycling+at+a+temperate+evergreen+forest%3B+a+comparison+of+three+ecosystem-model+data+assimilation+systems+at+Howland%2C+ME&rft.au=Moore%2C+David+J%3BRichardson%2C+A+D%3BRicciuto%2C+D+M%3BHollinger%2C+David%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Moore&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft.volume=90&rft.issue=52%2C+SUPPL.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%292324-9250 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2009 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon; carbon cycle; climate change; ecosystems; forests; geochemical cycle; Howland Maine; Maine; models; Penobscot County Maine; respiration; soils; temperate environment; United States ER -